PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
27821400-0	2016	Lipid-Free Apolipoprotein A-I Reduces Progression of Atherosclerosis by Mobilizing Microdomain Cholesterol and Attenuating the Number of CD131 Expressing Cells: Monitoring Cholesterol Homeostasis Using the Cellular Ester to Total Cholesterol Ratio.	Esters	215-220	apolipoprotein A-I	Mus musculus	11-29
27603495-0	2016	Copper-Catalyzed Inter/Intramolecular N-Alkenylation of Benzimidazoles via Tandem Processes Involving Selectively Mild Iodination of sp3 C-H Bond at alpha-Position of Ester.	Esters	167-172	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	133-136
27603495-2	2016	Both intermolecular and intramolecular reactions included tandem processes, in which selective iodination of sp3 C-H bond at the alpha-position of ester under mild conditions was demonstrated for the first time.	Esters	147-152	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	109-112
27592134-1	2016	Modification of Hederacolchiside A1 (HA1) on 28-COOH gave a series of novel triterpenoid saponin compounds containing ester or amide group.	Esters	118-123	Rho GTPase activating protein 45	Homo sapiens	16-35
27592134-1	2016	Modification of Hederacolchiside A1 (HA1) on 28-COOH gave a series of novel triterpenoid saponin compounds containing ester or amide group.	Esters	118-123	Rho GTPase activating protein 45	Homo sapiens	37-40
27129028-2	2016	Upon addition of CE2, the ester bond of DDAB could be rapidly cleaved and then release a near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore DDAO, which brings a remarkable yellow-to-blue color change and strong NIR fluorescence emission in physiological solutions.	Esters	26-31	carboxylesterase 2H	Mus musculus	17-20
27556455-3	2016	Given that cysteine-proteases can act on both amide and ester substrates, we surmised that hDJ-1 possessed cysteine-mediated esterase activity.	Esters	56-61	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	91-96
27316371-5	2016	FTIR in reflection (ATR, attenuated total reflectance) is applied to record the dependence of the interactions of the NSAID with particular functional groups observed in the DMPS spectrum such as the ester carbonyl and phosphate vibrational bands.	Esters	200-205	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	20-23
26750665-11	2016	Taken together, our data suggest that GA is a potent repressor of CES1 and CES2 and that combination with GA will affect the metabolism of drugs containing ester bonds.	Esters	156-161	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	66-70
26750665-11	2016	Taken together, our data suggest that GA is a potent repressor of CES1 and CES2 and that combination with GA will affect the metabolism of drugs containing ester bonds.	Esters	156-161	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	75-79
27598782-2	2016	In a high throughput phenotypic screen for small molecules that enhance apoE secretion from human CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells, we show the chrysanthemic ester 82879 robustly increases expressed apoE up to 9.4-fold and secreted apoE up to 6-fold and is associated with increased total cholesterol in conditioned media.	Esters	153-158	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	72-76
27598782-2	2016	In a high throughput phenotypic screen for small molecules that enhance apoE secretion from human CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells, we show the chrysanthemic ester 82879 robustly increases expressed apoE up to 9.4-fold and secreted apoE up to 6-fold and is associated with increased total cholesterol in conditioned media.	Esters	153-158	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	194-198
27598782-2	2016	In a high throughput phenotypic screen for small molecules that enhance apoE secretion from human CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells, we show the chrysanthemic ester 82879 robustly increases expressed apoE up to 9.4-fold and secreted apoE up to 6-fold and is associated with increased total cholesterol in conditioned media.	Esters	153-158	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	194-198
27406238-3	2016	Protein ADP-ribosylation can be reversed by the macrodomain-containing proteins PARG, TARG1, MacroD1 and MacroD2, which hydrolyse the ester bond known to link proteins to ADP-ribose as well as consecutive ADP-ribose subunits; targeting this bond can thus result in the complete removal of the protein modification or the conversion of poly(ADP-ribose) to mono(ADP-ribose).	Esters	134-139	poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase	Homo sapiens	80-84
27406238-3	2016	Protein ADP-ribosylation can be reversed by the macrodomain-containing proteins PARG, TARG1, MacroD1 and MacroD2, which hydrolyse the ester bond known to link proteins to ADP-ribose as well as consecutive ADP-ribose subunits; targeting this bond can thus result in the complete removal of the protein modification or the conversion of poly(ADP-ribose) to mono(ADP-ribose).	Esters	134-139	N-myc downstream regulated 1	Homo sapiens	86-91
27406238-3	2016	Protein ADP-ribosylation can be reversed by the macrodomain-containing proteins PARG, TARG1, MacroD1 and MacroD2, which hydrolyse the ester bond known to link proteins to ADP-ribose as well as consecutive ADP-ribose subunits; targeting this bond can thus result in the complete removal of the protein modification or the conversion of poly(ADP-ribose) to mono(ADP-ribose).	Esters	134-139	mono-ADP ribosylhydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	93-100
27406238-3	2016	Protein ADP-ribosylation can be reversed by the macrodomain-containing proteins PARG, TARG1, MacroD1 and MacroD2, which hydrolyse the ester bond known to link proteins to ADP-ribose as well as consecutive ADP-ribose subunits; targeting this bond can thus result in the complete removal of the protein modification or the conversion of poly(ADP-ribose) to mono(ADP-ribose).	Esters	134-139	mono-ADP ribosylhydrolase 2	Homo sapiens	105-112
27516570-1	2016	Endocannabinoids belong to a group of ester, ether and amide derivatives of fatty acids, which are endogenous ligands of receptors CB1, CB2, TRPV1 and GPR55 that are included in the endocannabinoid system of the animal organism.	Esters	38-43	cannabinoid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	131-134
27229194-2	2016	In an earlier study, a number of selective COX-2 inhibitors/NO donors were developed by conjugating a diarylpyrrole scaffold endowed with selective COX-2 inhibitory properties with various nitrooxyalkyl side chains such as esters, alpha-amino esters, amides, alpha-amino amides, ethers, beta-amino ethers, inverse esters, and amides.	Esters	243-249	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	43-48
27229194-2	2016	In an earlier study, a number of selective COX-2 inhibitors/NO donors were developed by conjugating a diarylpyrrole scaffold endowed with selective COX-2 inhibitory properties with various nitrooxyalkyl side chains such as esters, alpha-amino esters, amides, alpha-amino amides, ethers, beta-amino ethers, inverse esters, and amides.	Esters	243-249	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	148-153
27229194-2	2016	In an earlier study, a number of selective COX-2 inhibitors/NO donors were developed by conjugating a diarylpyrrole scaffold endowed with selective COX-2 inhibitory properties with various nitrooxyalkyl side chains such as esters, alpha-amino esters, amides, alpha-amino amides, ethers, beta-amino ethers, inverse esters, and amides.	Esters	223-229	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	43-48
27229194-2	2016	In an earlier study, a number of selective COX-2 inhibitors/NO donors were developed by conjugating a diarylpyrrole scaffold endowed with selective COX-2 inhibitory properties with various nitrooxyalkyl side chains such as esters, alpha-amino esters, amides, alpha-amino amides, ethers, beta-amino ethers, inverse esters, and amides.	Esters	223-229	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	148-153
27516570-1	2016	Endocannabinoids belong to a group of ester, ether and amide derivatives of fatty acids, which are endogenous ligands of receptors CB1, CB2, TRPV1 and GPR55 that are included in the endocannabinoid system of the animal organism.	Esters	38-43	cannabinoid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	136-139
27516570-1	2016	Endocannabinoids belong to a group of ester, ether and amide derivatives of fatty acids, which are endogenous ligands of receptors CB1, CB2, TRPV1 and GPR55 that are included in the endocannabinoid system of the animal organism.	Esters	38-43	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	141-146
27516570-1	2016	Endocannabinoids belong to a group of ester, ether and amide derivatives of fatty acids, which are endogenous ligands of receptors CB1, CB2, TRPV1 and GPR55 that are included in the endocannabinoid system of the animal organism.	Esters	38-43	G protein-coupled receptor 55	Homo sapiens	151-156
27384259-7	2016	Although the oxidants tested were unsuccessful, electrophiles, particularly NBS, enabled the coupling reaction to occur in good yield with a broad range of secondary and tertiary boronic esters, bearing different steric demands and functional groups (esters, azides, nitriles, alcohols, and ethers).	Esters	187-193	nibrin	Homo sapiens	76-79
30204381-5	2016	The major metabolites of euphorbetin L2,euphorbetin L8 and 6( 17),12( E)-lathyrol-5,15-diacetate-3-phenylacetate were hydrolysis products of the ester.	Esters	145-150	immunoglobulin kappa variable 3-15	Homo sapiens	37-54
27149931-1	2016	Carboxylesterase 2 (CES-2) is instrumental for conversion of ester-containing prodrugs in cancer treatment.	Esters	8-13	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	20-25
27149931-8	2016	In summary, the conversion of ester-containing prodrugs by CES-2 is mainly to occur in the periphery, during liver passage and in the colon after enterohepatic recirculation.	Esters	30-35	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
26194018-7	2016	Furthermore, molecular docking studies of the active products into the HNE binding site revealed two types of HNE inhibitors: molecules with cinnolin-4(1H)-one scaffold, which were attacked by the HNE Ser195 hydroxyl group at the amido moiety, and cinnoline derivatives containing an ester function at C-4, which is the point of attack of Ser195.	Esters	284-289	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	71-74
26194018-7	2016	Furthermore, molecular docking studies of the active products into the HNE binding site revealed two types of HNE inhibitors: molecules with cinnolin-4(1H)-one scaffold, which were attacked by the HNE Ser195 hydroxyl group at the amido moiety, and cinnoline derivatives containing an ester function at C-4, which is the point of attack of Ser195.	Esters	284-289	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	110-113
26194018-7	2016	Furthermore, molecular docking studies of the active products into the HNE binding site revealed two types of HNE inhibitors: molecules with cinnolin-4(1H)-one scaffold, which were attacked by the HNE Ser195 hydroxyl group at the amido moiety, and cinnoline derivatives containing an ester function at C-4, which is the point of attack of Ser195.	Esters	284-289	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	110-113
26194018-7	2016	Furthermore, molecular docking studies of the active products into the HNE binding site revealed two types of HNE inhibitors: molecules with cinnolin-4(1H)-one scaffold, which were attacked by the HNE Ser195 hydroxyl group at the amido moiety, and cinnoline derivatives containing an ester function at C-4, which is the point of attack of Ser195.	Esters	284-289	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	302-305
30204381-7	2016	The main metabolic pathway of euphorbetin L2,euphorbetin L8 and 6( 17),12( E)-lathyrol-5,15-diacetate-3-phenylacetate is hydrolysis of the ester.	Esters	139-144	immunoglobulin kappa variable 3-15	Homo sapiens	42-59
27060016-0	2016	Biophysical perspective of the binding of ester-functionalized gemini surfactants with catalase.	Esters	42-47	catalase	Bos taurus	87-95
27247428-3	2016	In the present study we report, human ABHD2 as triacylglycerol (TAG) lipase along with ester hydrolysing capacity.	Esters	87-92	abhydrolase domain containing 2, acylglycerol lipase	Homo sapiens	38-43
26825642-1	2016	Human hepatic carboxylesterase 1 and 2 (CES1 and CES2) are important for the disposition of ester- and amide-bond-containing pharmaceuticals and environmental chemicals.	Esters	22-27	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
26825642-1	2016	Human hepatic carboxylesterase 1 and 2 (CES1 and CES2) are important for the disposition of ester- and amide-bond-containing pharmaceuticals and environmental chemicals.	Esters	22-27	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	49-53
27327214-7	2016	However, for cis-1, this alignment coexists with another one that allows the simultaneous formation of two hydrogen bonds between the amide and the ester groups of adjacent molecules.	Esters	148-153	suppressor of cytokine signaling 1	Homo sapiens	13-18
27060016-2	2016	In this context, we have examined the binding interactions of three ester-functionalized surfactants (m-E2-m) with bovine liver catalase (BLC, 10muM) by employing a multi-technique approach.	Esters	68-73	catalase	Bos taurus	128-136
27446050-2	2016	Among these 23 strains, 10 S. cerevisiae strains on the basis of variation in their brewing traits were selected to study their organoleptic effect at gene level by targeting ATF1 gene, which is responsible for ester synthesis during fermentation.	Esters	211-216	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	175-179
27184722-1	2016	Paeoniflorin-6"-O-benzene sulfonate (code: CP-25), a novel ester derivative of paeoniflorin (Pae), was evaluated in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) to study its potential anti-arthritic activity.	Esters	59-64	homeobox C6	Homo sapiens	43-48
27135297-3	2016	Catalyst rac-3 demonstrated living behavior at room temperature, produced linear polyethylene (Tm =135  C) at -20  C, and, most importantly, was able to copolymerize ethylene with the biorenewable polar monomer methyl 10-undecenoate to yield highly linear ester-functionalized polyethylene.	Esters	256-261	Rac family small GTPase 3	Homo sapiens	9-14
27251400-6	2016	The EBF analogues with an N-methyl formamide or ester linkage had higher docking scores than those with an amide linkage.	Esters	48-53	EBF transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
27188502-2	2016	Ni(acac)2 and 1,10-phenanthroline showed the best result in the presence of CsF and CuF2 at 120  C. This system tolerated the presence of alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, nitro, cyano, ketone, and ester functional groups.	Esters	188-193	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	76-79
27189433-7	2016	The PIL phases and particularly the so far little studied condensation based polymer shows particular retention and satisfactory column performance for polar moieties such as esters, amine and carbonyl functionalities.	Esters	175-181	serpin family A member 2 (gene/pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	4-7
27237801-2	2016	Though BChE lacks obvious physiological functions, it is of toxicological and pharmacological importance in detoxifying or catabolising ester-containing drugs.	Esters	136-141	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	7-11
26900660-1	2016	Human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2), one of the major carboxylesterases in the human intestine and various tumour tissues, plays important roles in the oral bioavailability and treatment outcomes of ester- or amide-containing drugs or prodrugs, such as anticancer agents CPT-11 (irinotecan) and LY2334737 (gemcitabine).	Esters	14-19	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
27058294-2	2016	p-Tolyl 2-azido-3,4-di-O-benzyl-6-O-chloroacetyl-2-deoxy-1-thio-alpha/beta-D-glucopyranoside afforded the higher alpha-selectivity, showing that a stronger electron withdrawing ester at O-6 influenced the anomeric selectivity towards the 1,2-cis glucosides.	Esters	177-182	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-35 (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	186-189
27200345-4	2016	Every species has some mechanism in order to prevent the formation of D-amino acid-tRNA complex, for instance DTD (D-Tyr-tRNA deacylase) is an enzyme responsible for the cleavage of ester bond formed between D-amino acid and tRNA leading to error free translation process.	Esters	182-187	solute carrier family 26 member 2	Homo sapiens	115-135
26900660-1	2016	Human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2), one of the major carboxylesterases in the human intestine and various tumour tissues, plays important roles in the oral bioavailability and treatment outcomes of ester- or amide-containing drugs or prodrugs, such as anticancer agents CPT-11 (irinotecan) and LY2334737 (gemcitabine).	Esters	14-19	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	50-67
26920798-4	2016	In alpha-glucosidase assay, compound 9 in Schiff base form and compound 22 in ester form show strong inhibition against alpha-glucosidase with IC50 value of 46.81muM and 83.76muM, respectively.	Esters	78-83	sucrase-isomaltase	Homo sapiens	120-137
26971319-5	2016	The analysis of higher alcohols and esters produced by S. cerevisiae then revealed enhanced formation of isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol and their esters when endogenous ARO10 was replaced with ARO10 from S. kudriavzevii.	Esters	36-42	phenylpyruvate decarboxylase ARO10	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	166-171
26920798-4	2016	In alpha-glucosidase assay, compound 9 in Schiff base form and compound 22 in ester form show strong inhibition against alpha-glucosidase with IC50 value of 46.81muM and 83.76muM, respectively.	Esters	78-83	sucrase-isomaltase	Homo sapiens	3-20
27055524-1	2016	Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate esters can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by binding covalently to a serine residue in the enzyme active site, and their inhibitory potency depends largely on affinity for the enzyme and the reactivity of the ester.	Esters	35-40	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	54-74
27055524-1	2016	Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate esters can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by binding covalently to a serine residue in the enzyme active site, and their inhibitory potency depends largely on affinity for the enzyme and the reactivity of the ester.	Esters	35-40	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	76-80
26971319-5	2016	The analysis of higher alcohols and esters produced by S. cerevisiae then revealed enhanced formation of isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol and their esters when endogenous ARO10 was replaced with ARO10 from S. kudriavzevii.	Esters	143-149	phenylpyruvate decarboxylase ARO10	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	166-171
26971319-5	2016	The analysis of higher alcohols and esters produced by S. cerevisiae then revealed enhanced formation of isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol and their esters when endogenous ARO10 was replaced with ARO10 from S. kudriavzevii.	Esters	143-149	phenylpyruvate decarboxylase ARO10	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	190-195
26971319-5	2016	The analysis of higher alcohols and esters produced by S. cerevisiae then revealed enhanced formation of isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol and their esters when endogenous ARO10 was replaced with ARO10 from S. kudriavzevii.	Esters	36-42	phenylpyruvate decarboxylase ARO10	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	190-195
26639021-3	2016	The well-designed photoredox system achieves synthesis of not only beta-CF2 H-substituted alcohols but also ethers and an ester from alkenes through solvolytic processes.	Esters	122-127	ATPase H+ transporting accessory protein 1	Homo sapiens	72-75
26661919-2	2016	The reaction proceeds under RuH2(CO)(PPh3)3-catalyzed conditions driven by unreactive C-O bond activation of a proximate ester directing group (DG)-catalyst chelation.	Esters	121-126	protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	37-41
26707939-0	2016	Crystallization of Enantiomerically Pure Proteins from Quasi-Racemic Mixtures: Structure Determination by X-Ray Diffraction of Isotope-Labeled Ester Insulin and Human Insulin.	Esters	143-148	insulin	Homo sapiens	149-156
26707939-2	2016	Here, we describe the crystal structure of the synthetic isotope-labeled ester insulin intermediate and the product synthetic human insulin.	Esters	73-78	insulin	Homo sapiens	79-86
26707939-2	2016	Here, we describe the crystal structure of the synthetic isotope-labeled ester insulin intermediate and the product synthetic human insulin.	Esters	73-78	insulin	Homo sapiens	132-139
26715336-3	2016	Here we describe, as a prototype for the incorporation of specific arrays of isotope labels, the total chemical synthesis-via a key ester insulin intermediate-of 97 % enriched [(1-(13) C=(18) O)Phe(B24) ] human insulin: stable-isotope labeled at a single backbone amide carbonyl.	Esters	132-137	insulin	Homo sapiens	138-145
26715336-3	2016	Here we describe, as a prototype for the incorporation of specific arrays of isotope labels, the total chemical synthesis-via a key ester insulin intermediate-of 97 % enriched [(1-(13) C=(18) O)Phe(B24) ] human insulin: stable-isotope labeled at a single backbone amide carbonyl.	Esters	132-137	insulin	Homo sapiens	211-218
26306824-1	2016	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an important enzyme for detoxication and metabolism of ester compounds.	Esters	13-18	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	23-27
26704937-0	2016	Conservative Secondary Shell Substitution In Cyclooxygenase-2 Reduces Inhibition by Indomethacin Amides and Esters via Altered Enzyme Dynamics.	Esters	108-114	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	45-61
26704937-2	2016	Neutralization of the carboxylic acid moiety of the NSAID indomethacin to an ester or amide functionality confers COX-2 selectivity, but the molecular basis for this selectivity has not been completely revealed through mutagenesis studies and/or X-ray crystallographic attempts.	Esters	77-82	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	114-119
26704937-3	2016	We expressed and assayed a number of divergent secondary shell COX-2 active site mutants and found that a COX-2 to COX-1 change at position 472 (Leu in COX-2, Met in COX-1) reduced the potency of enzyme inhibition by a series of COX-2-selective indomethacin amides and esters.	Esters	269-275	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	63-68
26704937-3	2016	We expressed and assayed a number of divergent secondary shell COX-2 active site mutants and found that a COX-2 to COX-1 change at position 472 (Leu in COX-2, Met in COX-1) reduced the potency of enzyme inhibition by a series of COX-2-selective indomethacin amides and esters.	Esters	269-275	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	106-111
26704937-3	2016	We expressed and assayed a number of divergent secondary shell COX-2 active site mutants and found that a COX-2 to COX-1 change at position 472 (Leu in COX-2, Met in COX-1) reduced the potency of enzyme inhibition by a series of COX-2-selective indomethacin amides and esters.	Esters	269-275	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	115-120
26704937-3	2016	We expressed and assayed a number of divergent secondary shell COX-2 active site mutants and found that a COX-2 to COX-1 change at position 472 (Leu in COX-2, Met in COX-1) reduced the potency of enzyme inhibition by a series of COX-2-selective indomethacin amides and esters.	Esters	269-275	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	106-111
26704937-3	2016	We expressed and assayed a number of divergent secondary shell COX-2 active site mutants and found that a COX-2 to COX-1 change at position 472 (Leu in COX-2, Met in COX-1) reduced the potency of enzyme inhibition by a series of COX-2-selective indomethacin amides and esters.	Esters	269-275	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	166-171
26704937-3	2016	We expressed and assayed a number of divergent secondary shell COX-2 active site mutants and found that a COX-2 to COX-1 change at position 472 (Leu in COX-2, Met in COX-1) reduced the potency of enzyme inhibition by a series of COX-2-selective indomethacin amides and esters.	Esters	269-275	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	106-111
26499794-3	2015	Expressed only in vertebrates, the RPE65 sub-group of CCOs catalyzes a non-canonical reaction consisting of concerted ester cleavage and trans-cis isomerization of all-trans-retinyl esters.	Esters	118-123	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Bos taurus	35-40
26785683-0	2016	Ester Prodrugs of Ketoprofen: Synthesis, In Vitro Stability, In Vivo Biological Evaluation and In Silico Comparative Docking Studies Against COX-1 and COX-2.	Esters	0-5	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	141-146
26785683-0	2016	Ester Prodrugs of Ketoprofen: Synthesis, In Vitro Stability, In Vivo Biological Evaluation and In Silico Comparative Docking Studies Against COX-1 and COX-2.	Esters	0-5	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	151-156
26730679-6	2016	DEP, DnPP, and DBP showed enhanced toxicity with increasing ester length.	Esters	60-65	D site of albumin promoter (albumin D-box) binding protein L homeolog	Xenopus laevis	15-18
26365723-4	2016	The ester and amide dipolarophile displayed variable regioselectivity in cycloadditions whereas the styrene one afforded prevailing 4-Acr regioisomers.	Esters	4-9	acrosin	Homo sapiens	134-137
26515062-4	2016	Here, using a model enzyme system for which the formation of a glycosyl ester within the enzyme active site has been shown unequivocally, we show that ester formation can indeed lead to proteolysis of the adjacent peptide bond, thereby providing substantive support for the mechanism of HCF-1 processing proposed.	Esters	72-77	host cell factor C1	Homo sapiens	287-292
26499794-3	2015	Expressed only in vertebrates, the RPE65 sub-group of CCOs catalyzes a non-canonical reaction consisting of concerted ester cleavage and trans-cis isomerization of all-trans-retinyl esters.	Esters	182-188	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Bos taurus	35-40
26526962-0	2015	Oxygen-Controlled Catalysis by Vitamin B12 -TiO2 : Formation of Esters and Amides from Trichlorinated Organic Compounds by Photoirradiation.	Esters	64-70	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B3	Homo sapiens	39-42
26526962-2	2015	The covalently bound B12 on the TiO2 surface transformed trichlorinated organic compounds into an ester and amide by UV light irradiation under mild conditions (in air at room temperature), while dichlorostilbenes (E and Z forms) were formed in nitrogen from benzotrichloride.	Esters	98-103	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B3	Homo sapiens	21-24
26537784-5	2015	On this basis, twenty-two ester and carbamate derivatives of I-1 or II-1 were prepared and evaluated for their anticoagulant activity.	Esters	26-31	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 1A	Rattus norvegicus	61-72
28757978-2	2015	For example, the ester functionality polarizes the alkyne pi* orbital to favor overlap of the methyl-substituted terminus of the alkyne with the ppi-orbital of the alkenyl fragment of the rhodacycle during alkyne insertion with PPh3 as the ligand.	Esters	17-22	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	228-232
26498394-3	2015	The off-target, highly abundant isoforms hCA I and II, as well as hCA III, IV and XII were poorly inhibited by many of these esters, although the original phenolic acids were micromolar inhibitors.	Esters	125-131	carbonic anhydrase 3	Homo sapiens	66-73
25779968-0	2015	A cell-penetrating ester of the neural metabolite lanthionine ketimine stimulates autophagy through the mTORC1 pathway: Evidence for a mechanism of action with pharmacological implications for neurodegenerative pathologies.	Esters	19-24	CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1	Mus musculus	104-110
26582149-4	2015	We synthesized three NO-donor ester derivatives of RSR13 (DD-1, DD-2, and DD-3) by attaching the NO-releasing moieties nitrooxyethyl, nitrooxypropyl, and 1-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate, respectively, to the carboxylate of RSR13.	Esters	30-35	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1	Homo sapiens	58-68
26498394-3	2015	The off-target, highly abundant isoforms hCA I and II, as well as hCA III, IV and XII were poorly inhibited by many of these esters, although the original phenolic acids were micromolar inhibitors.	Esters	125-131	cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	41-53
26517907-3	2015	ABCD1 performs transport of coenzyme A esters of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in peroxisomes and a number of mutations in ABCD1 gene were linked to an X-linked adrenoleucodystrophy (X-ALD).	Esters	39-45	ATP binding cassette subfamily D member 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
26494261-0	2015	Esters of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with cinnamyl alcohol are potent lipoxygenase inhibitors with enhanced anti-inflammatory activity.	Esters	0-6	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	86-98
26543501-9	2015	To boost the ability of S. cerevisiae to produce the aforementioned esters, negative regulators of the INO1 gene in phospholipid metabolism, Rpd3 and Opi1, were deleted to increase flux towards fatty acyl-CoAs.	Esters	68-74	inositol-3-phosphate synthase INO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	103-107
26543501-9	2015	To boost the ability of S. cerevisiae to produce the aforementioned esters, negative regulators of the INO1 gene in phospholipid metabolism, Rpd3 and Opi1, were deleted to increase flux towards fatty acyl-CoAs.	Esters	68-74	histone deacetylase RPD3	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	141-145
26543501-9	2015	To boost the ability of S. cerevisiae to produce the aforementioned esters, negative regulators of the INO1 gene in phospholipid metabolism, Rpd3 and Opi1, were deleted to increase flux towards fatty acyl-CoAs.	Esters	68-74	transcriptional regulator OPI1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	150-154
26263212-7	2015	We hypothesize that the EDF characteristics of the synthesized PLM may be attributed to the presence of n-pi* interactions of the hydroxyl oxygen atoms of PEG with carbonyl groups of the ester linkages.	Esters	187-192	FXYD domain containing ion transport regulator 1	Homo sapiens	63-66
26392530-1	2015	Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) oxygenates arachidonic acid (AA) and its ester analog, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), to prostaglandins (PGs) and prostaglandin glyceryl esters (PG-Gs), respectively.	Esters	66-71	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-16
26392530-1	2015	Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) oxygenates arachidonic acid (AA) and its ester analog, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), to prostaglandins (PGs) and prostaglandin glyceryl esters (PG-Gs), respectively.	Esters	66-71	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	18-23
26475518-3	2015	Likewise, the alkynyl, nitrile and ester derivatives evaluated displayed lower 5-HT2A receptor affinity as compared to 5.	Esters	35-40	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	79-94
26594178-3	2015	We have recently shown that an extracellular carboxylesterase, esterase-6 (EST-6), is involved in the physiological and behavioral dynamics of the response of Drosophila melanogaster to its volatile pheromone ester, cis-vaccenyl acetate.	Esters	53-58	Esterase 6	Drosophila melanogaster	63-73
26594178-3	2015	We have recently shown that an extracellular carboxylesterase, esterase-6 (EST-6), is involved in the physiological and behavioral dynamics of the response of Drosophila melanogaster to its volatile pheromone ester, cis-vaccenyl acetate.	Esters	53-58	Esterase 6	Drosophila melanogaster	75-80
26594178-5	2015	We found that recombinant EST-6 is able to efficiently hydrolyse several volatile esters that would be emitted by its natural food in vitro.	Esters	82-88	Esterase 6	Drosophila melanogaster	26-31
26386703-8	2015	On the other hand, MSC1 high levels of beta-glucosidase, proteolytic and xylanolytic activities were correlated to esters and fatty acids.	Esters	115-121	Msc1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	19-23
26263446-2	2015	Recently, we have described the conformational and functional properties of two linear ester peptides provided with the following sequences: Y-G-E-C-P-C-K-OAllyl (PepK) and Y-G-E-C-P-C-E-OAllyl (PepE).	Esters	87-92	peptidase E	Homo sapiens	195-199
26337020-3	2015	However, both alpha,beta-unsaturated amide and ester derivatives exhibited weaker MAO-B inhibition potencies.	Esters	47-52	monoamine oxidase B	Homo sapiens	82-87
26093265-0	2015	Effect of two esters of N-methylanthranilic acid from Rutaceae species on impaired kidney morphology and function in rats caused by CCl4.	Esters	14-20	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	132-136
26357598-7	2015	Consequently the study not only provides a greater understanding of these two enzymes in a heterogeneous host, but also demonstrated the positive effect of the recombinant Eht1 and Eeb1 in ester formation by P. pastoris live cells, potentially paving the way towards achieving efficient production of volatile flavour by an integrated biocatalytic system composed of recombinant enzyme production and flavour biosynthesis.	Esters	189-194	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	172-176
26357598-7	2015	Consequently the study not only provides a greater understanding of these two enzymes in a heterogeneous host, but also demonstrated the positive effect of the recombinant Eht1 and Eeb1 in ester formation by P. pastoris live cells, potentially paving the way towards achieving efficient production of volatile flavour by an integrated biocatalytic system composed of recombinant enzyme production and flavour biosynthesis.	Esters	189-194	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	181-185
26151129-3	2015	During lipid digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, pancreatic lipase stereoselectively hydrolyses the ester bonds of these triglycerides on the sn-1 and sn-3 positions resulting in sn-2 monoglyceride and fatty acids as major products.	Esters	105-110	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	54-71
26151129-6	2015	Here, tricaprin (C10) with selectively deuterated fatty acid chains was used for the first time to monitor chain migration and the stereoselectivity of the pancreatic lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of ester bonds.	Esters	198-203	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	156-173
26357462-6	2015	The presence of an ester linkage between the phenolic rings in (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and the alkyl chain in curcumin allows them to orient in the active site of the HMGR and bind to the catalytic residues.	Esters	19-24	high mobility group AT-hook 1	Homo sapiens	181-185
26196503-3	2015	Especially basic esters, which are positively charged under physiological conditions, were in the crystal violet and the MTT assay up to approximately 100 times more effective than bendamustine, paralleled by a higher fraction of early apoptotic cancer cells and increased expression of p53.	Esters	17-23	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	287-290
26139327-5	2015	Lastly, the synthetic utility of the present protocol was demonstrated by application to the asymmetric synthesis of chiral ester ethyl (2S)-2-ethoxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propanoate, which is an important pharmacophore in a number of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma dual agonist advanced drug candidates used for the treatment of type-II diabetes.	Esters	124-129	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	233-281
26083639-9	2015	Moreover, the stereochemistry of a methyl-substituent at the alpha position to the ester, resembling amino acid side chains in peptide substrates, impacted ClpP complex stability, causing either dissociation into heptamers or retention of the tetradecameric state.	Esters	83-88	caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase proteolytic subunit	Homo sapiens	156-160
25945831-3	2015	The difference in release half-life (5.2 and 19.7 days from (3)H and (14)C experiments, respectively) indicated that, after binding to bone, the initial hydrolysis occurred at the ester moiety of the linker releasing the EP4 agonist.	Esters	180-185	prostaglandin E receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	221-224
25667215-7	2015	Based on the release studies, ester-terminated low molecular weight PLGA microparticles were loaded with dexamethasone and applied to TGF-beta1 treated vocal fold fibroblasts for 4 days.	Esters	30-35	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	134-143
25667215-9	2015	RESULTS: COL3A1 and COL1A2 were significantly down-regulated after exposure to ester-terminated low molecular weight PLGA microparticles loaded with dexamethasone.	Esters	79-84	collagen type III alpha 1 chain	Homo sapiens	9-15
25667215-9	2015	RESULTS: COL3A1 and COL1A2 were significantly down-regulated after exposure to ester-terminated low molecular weight PLGA microparticles loaded with dexamethasone.	Esters	79-84	collagen type I alpha 2 chain	Homo sapiens	20-26
25602705-4	2015	Furthermore, embryonic BCO1 also influenced the ester pools of cholesterol and diacylglycerol.	Esters	48-53	beta-carotene oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	23-27
26217806-9	2015	Free amine groups of a small peptide, ACTH (4-11) were labeled by ester linked, NHS ester modified SiO2@Fe3O4 MNPs under physiological conditions.	Esters	66-71	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	38-42
26217806-12	2015	The ester linked, NHS ester modified SiO2@Fe3O4 MNPs introduced a mass shift of 115.09 Da on amine groups of ACTH (4-11), which was confirmed by mass spectrometry.	Esters	4-9	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	109-113
25874923-0	2015	Esters of the marine-derived triterpene sipholenol A reverse P-GP-mediated drug resistance.	Esters	0-6	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	61-65
25874923-2	2015	Through comparison of cytotoxicity towards sensitive and multi-drug resistant cell lines, we identified that the semisynthetic esters sipholenol A-4-O-acetate and sipholenol A-4-O-isonicotinate potently reversed P-gp-mediated MDR but had no effect on MRP1/ABCC1 and BCRP/ABCG2-mediated MDR.	Esters	127-133	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	212-216
25874923-2	2015	Through comparison of cytotoxicity towards sensitive and multi-drug resistant cell lines, we identified that the semisynthetic esters sipholenol A-4-O-acetate and sipholenol A-4-O-isonicotinate potently reversed P-gp-mediated MDR but had no effect on MRP1/ABCC1 and BCRP/ABCG2-mediated MDR.	Esters	127-133	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	251-255
25874923-2	2015	Through comparison of cytotoxicity towards sensitive and multi-drug resistant cell lines, we identified that the semisynthetic esters sipholenol A-4-O-acetate and sipholenol A-4-O-isonicotinate potently reversed P-gp-mediated MDR but had no effect on MRP1/ABCC1 and BCRP/ABCG2-mediated MDR.	Esters	127-133	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	256-261
25874923-2	2015	Through comparison of cytotoxicity towards sensitive and multi-drug resistant cell lines, we identified that the semisynthetic esters sipholenol A-4-O-acetate and sipholenol A-4-O-isonicotinate potently reversed P-gp-mediated MDR but had no effect on MRP1/ABCC1 and BCRP/ABCG2-mediated MDR.	Esters	127-133	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	266-270
25874923-2	2015	Through comparison of cytotoxicity towards sensitive and multi-drug resistant cell lines, we identified that the semisynthetic esters sipholenol A-4-O-acetate and sipholenol A-4-O-isonicotinate potently reversed P-gp-mediated MDR but had no effect on MRP1/ABCC1 and BCRP/ABCG2-mediated MDR.	Esters	127-133	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	271-276
25995901-3	2015	The oxirane O atom and the bridging ester O atom are in an approximate syn conformation [O-C-C-O = -25.4 (3) ] In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pair of C-H O hydrogen bonds generate R 2 (2)(8) loops, where the C-H donor group forms part of the oxirane ring.	Esters	36-41	synemin	Homo sapiens	71-74
25736157-3	2015	The reaction occurs most likely through an initial intramolecular amino-amide interaction, followed by an N- to O-acyl transfer of the side chain from C-4 to the C-6 position to form an ester intermediate (5), detectable by NMR, and subsequent hydrolysis.	Esters	186-191	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	151-154
25736157-3	2015	The reaction occurs most likely through an initial intramolecular amino-amide interaction, followed by an N- to O-acyl transfer of the side chain from C-4 to the C-6 position to form an ester intermediate (5), detectable by NMR, and subsequent hydrolysis.	Esters	186-191	complement C6	Homo sapiens	162-165
25836294-3	2015	In esters (I) and (III), the amide group adopts an anti conformation, whereas the conformation is syn in esters (II) and (IV).	Esters	105-111	synemin	Homo sapiens	98-101
26124867-5	2015	DFT calculations confirm these observations and also show that the low energy HOMO-LUMO absorption band found in nitrile or ester-substituted TTFs is not found in TTF-CF3, where, as in TTF itself, the low energy absorption band is essentially attributable to a HOMO LUMO + 1 transition.	Esters	124-129	ras homolog family member H	Homo sapiens	142-145
25731857-7	2015	Wildtype rat Alox15 and its 15-lipoxygenating Leu353Phe mutant are capable of oxygenating ester lipids of biomembranes and high-density lipoproteins.	Esters	90-95	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	13-19
25731857-9	2015	These data indicate for the first time that mutagenesis of triad determinants modifies the reaction specificity of ALOX15 orthologs with free fatty acids and complex ester lipids in a similar way.	Esters	166-171	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	115-121
25716520-8	2015	In Ru2, on the other hand, the initially populated excited state is localized on the ester-substituted ligands, which are not bound to the semiconductor surface.	Esters	85-90	doublecortin domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	3-6
24452424-2	2015	eRF1 consisting of three well-defined functional domains recognizes all three mRNA stop codons located in the A site of the small ribosomal subunit and triggers hydrolysis of the ester bond of peptidyl-tRNA in the peptidyl transfer center of the large ribosomal subunit.	Esters	179-184	eukaryotic translation termination factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
25880435-1	2015	BACKGROUND: A key pathway for ester biosynthesis in yeast is the condensation of an alcohol with acetyl-CoA by alcohol-O-acetyltransferase (AATase).	Esters	30-35	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	111-138
25880435-1	2015	BACKGROUND: A key pathway for ester biosynthesis in yeast is the condensation of an alcohol with acetyl-CoA by alcohol-O-acetyltransferase (AATase).	Esters	30-35	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	140-146
25589508-2	2015	We combined two structures, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) that hydrolyzes the ester bond at the sn-2 position of oxidized (short) acyl chains of phospholipid, and bacteriophage tubulin PhuZ, as C- and N-terminal templates, respectively, to create a novel homology model for human LCAT.	Esters	72-77	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	46-50
25688920-3	2015	Recently, we reported MPO inhibition by BAH and 4-(trifluoromethyl)-BAH was due to hydrolysis of the ester bond between MPO heavy chain glutamate 242 ((HC)Glu(242)) residue and the heme pyrrole A ring, freeing the heme linked light chain MPO subunit from the larger remaining heavy chain portion.	Esters	101-106	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	22-25
25688920-3	2015	Recently, we reported MPO inhibition by BAH and 4-(trifluoromethyl)-BAH was due to hydrolysis of the ester bond between MPO heavy chain glutamate 242 ((HC)Glu(242)) residue and the heme pyrrole A ring, freeing the heme linked light chain MPO subunit from the larger remaining heavy chain portion.	Esters	101-106	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	120-123
25688920-3	2015	Recently, we reported MPO inhibition by BAH and 4-(trifluoromethyl)-BAH was due to hydrolysis of the ester bond between MPO heavy chain glutamate 242 ((HC)Glu(242)) residue and the heme pyrrole A ring, freeing the heme linked light chain MPO subunit from the larger remaining heavy chain portion.	Esters	101-106	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	120-123
25688920-4	2015	Here we probed the structure and function relationship behind this ester bond cleavage using a panel of BAH analogs to gain insight into the constraints imposed by the MPO active site and channel leading to the buried protoporphyrin IX ring.	Esters	67-72	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	168-171
25462622-2	2015	Syn- and anti-dihydroxylation reactions were achieved to yield the target compounds after efficient one-step deprotection of carbamate, ester and acetonide groups simultaneously.	Esters	136-141	synemin	Homo sapiens	0-3
25462813-1	2015	Human liver carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) plays a critical role in the hydrolysis of various ester- and amide-containing molecules, including active metabolites, drugs and prodrugs.	Esters	20-25	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
25650714-10	2015	In addition, PNN osmium complexes containing the 2-aminomethylpyridine motif have been found to be among the most active catalysts for HY of esters.	Esters	141-147	pinin, desmosome associated protein	Homo sapiens	13-16
25596758-2	2015	Among the newly synthesized compounds, some of them were endowed with a good activity against COX-2 and a good selectivity COX-2/COX-1 in vitro as well as a desirable analgesic activity in vivo, proving that replacement of the ester moiety with an amide group gave access to more stable derivatives, characterized by a good COX-inhibition.	Esters	227-232	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	94-99
25596758-2	2015	Among the newly synthesized compounds, some of them were endowed with a good activity against COX-2 and a good selectivity COX-2/COX-1 in vitro as well as a desirable analgesic activity in vivo, proving that replacement of the ester moiety with an amide group gave access to more stable derivatives, characterized by a good COX-inhibition.	Esters	227-232	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	123-128
25596758-2	2015	Among the newly synthesized compounds, some of them were endowed with a good activity against COX-2 and a good selectivity COX-2/COX-1 in vitro as well as a desirable analgesic activity in vivo, proving that replacement of the ester moiety with an amide group gave access to more stable derivatives, characterized by a good COX-inhibition.	Esters	227-232	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	129-134
25474271-1	2015	The LFA-1 inhibitor and leukocyte adhesion suppressor BIRT-377 was prepared in high enantiomeric excess by desymmetrization of dimethyl 2-p-bromobenzyl-2-methylmalonate, followed by condensation of the resulting carboxylic acid with 3,5-dichloroaniline, saponification of the remaining ester and Curtius rearrangement as the key steps.	Esters	286-291	integrin subunit alpha L	Homo sapiens	4-9
24666307-6	2015	On the other hand, an ester function at C-3 of dehydroepiandrosterone skeleton induces partial antagonism to the PR.	Esters	22-27	progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens	113-115
25499727-2	2015	Carboxylesterases (CESs), with the main isoforms CES1 and CES2, are important in the metabolism of ester-type prodrugs.	Esters	8-13	carboxylesterase 1E	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
25499727-2	2015	Carboxylesterases (CESs), with the main isoforms CES1 and CES2, are important in the metabolism of ester-type prodrugs.	Esters	8-13	carboxylesterase 2	Rattus norvegicus	58-62
25489670-9	2015	As a result, 44 (BDM43079) and its methyl ester precursor 48 (BDM43124) are useful chemical probes for the exploration of IDE"s role.	Esters	42-47	insulin degrading enzyme	Homo sapiens	122-125
25498022-2	2015	The methodology involves Corey-Link approach with suitably protected 3-oxo-D-gluco-furanose to introduce F/Cl as well as ester/amide functionalities at C-3 of glucose.	Esters	121-126	complement C3	Homo sapiens	152-155
25585916-0	2015	A potent tumoricidal co-drug "Bet-CA"--an ester derivative of betulinic acid and dichloroacetate selectively and synergistically kills cancer cells.	Esters	42-47	delta/notch like EGF repeat containing	Homo sapiens	30-33
25585916-3	2015	Here, we report synthesis, characterization and tumoricidal potential of a co-drug Bet-CA, where a DCA molecule has been appended on C-3 hydroxyl group of BA to generate an ester derivative for increased solubility and subsequent cleavage by internal esterase(s) to release one unit each of BA and DCA.	Esters	173-178	delta/notch like EGF repeat containing	Homo sapiens	83-86
25445008-1	2015	Human esterases such as the human carboxylesterases (hCES) are important for the catalytic ester hydrolysis of xenobiotics and they play an important role in the detoxification of drugs (e.g., cocaine) but also in the activation of prodrugs (e.g., ramipril).	Esters	6-11	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	34-51
25578279-5	2015	Here, we show that qualitative differences in ester composition are the consequence of divergence in enzymatic activity of a ripening-related alcohol acyltransferase (AAT1).	Esters	46-51	alcohol acyl transferase	Solanum lycopersicum	167-171
25612633-3	2015	In this study, we synthesized amide-aplog-1 (3), in which the C-1 ester group was replaced with an amide group, to improve chemical stability in vivo.	Esters	66-71	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	62-65
26250423-14	2015	The ester linkage between the lithocholic acid and fucoxanthin of LevLF was hydrolyzed with cholesterol esterase.	Esters	4-9	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	92-112
26190908-2	2015	These esters appeared to be moderate or weak inhibitors of cathepsin C, with some of them exhibiting slow-binding behavior.	Esters	6-12	cathepsin C	Homo sapiens	59-70
25501183-5	2014	This study confirms that the ATF2 gene plays an important role in the production of acetate ester production during Chinese yellow rice wine fermentation, thereby offering prospects for the development of yellow rice wine yeast starter strains with optimized ester-producing capabilities.	Esters	92-97	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-33
25896426-1	2015	CES1 is involved in the hydrolysis of ester group-containing xenobiotic and endobiotic compounds including several essential and commonly used drugs.	Esters	38-43	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
25353711-3	2014	In this work, we reported an oxidative esterification of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural to prepare corresponding esters over Cox Oy -N@C catalysts using O2 as benign oxidant.	Esters	125-131	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A	Homo sapiens	137-140
25355057-5	2014	Here, we show that qualitative differences in ester composition are the consequence of divergence in enzymatic activity of a ripening-related alcohol acyltransferase (AAT1).	Esters	46-51	alcohol acyl transferase	Solanum lycopersicum	167-171
25303639-5	2014	Two distinct pathways by which the target compounds undergo effective ester hydrolysis, the proposed activating step, have been confirmed: platinum-assisted, self-immolative ester cleavage in a low-chloride environment (LC-ESMS, NMR spectroscopy) and enzymatic cleavage by human carboxylesterase-2 (hCES-2) (LC-ESMS).	Esters	70-75	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	279-297
25303639-5	2014	Two distinct pathways by which the target compounds undergo effective ester hydrolysis, the proposed activating step, have been confirmed: platinum-assisted, self-immolative ester cleavage in a low-chloride environment (LC-ESMS, NMR spectroscopy) and enzymatic cleavage by human carboxylesterase-2 (hCES-2) (LC-ESMS).	Esters	70-75	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	299-305
25533115-1	2014	Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) are enzymes that hydrolyze the ester bond of glycerophospholipids releasing free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, including the arachidonic acid, the precursor of the eicosanoids and the inflammatory cascades.	Esters	59-64	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-18
25533115-1	2014	Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) are enzymes that hydrolyze the ester bond of glycerophospholipids releasing free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, including the arachidonic acid, the precursor of the eicosanoids and the inflammatory cascades.	Esters	59-64	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	20-26
25224540-3	2014	Starting from a CO-releasing compound and a chemical scaffold exhibiting electrophilic characteristics (esters of fumaric acid), we report the synthesis of hybrid molecules that simultaneously activate Nrf2 and liberate CO.	Esters	104-110	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	202-206
25193127-2	2014	The catalytic sites of these enzymes contain a covalently modified heme group, which is tethered to the polypeptide chain at two ester linkages via the methyl group (MPO, EPO and LPO) and one sulfonium bond via the vinyl group (MPO only).	Esters	129-134	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	166-169
25193127-2	2014	The catalytic sites of these enzymes contain a covalently modified heme group, which is tethered to the polypeptide chain at two ester linkages via the methyl group (MPO, EPO and LPO) and one sulfonium bond via the vinyl group (MPO only).	Esters	129-134	eosinophil peroxidase	Homo sapiens	171-174
25193127-2	2014	The catalytic sites of these enzymes contain a covalently modified heme group, which is tethered to the polypeptide chain at two ester linkages via the methyl group (MPO, EPO and LPO) and one sulfonium bond via the vinyl group (MPO only).	Esters	129-134	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	228-231
25410065-1	2014	Synthesis of twelve hitherto unreported esters of abietyl alcohol and screening of these esters against four cancer cell lines including one breast cancer line MCF7 and four hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HCC) Huh7, Hep3B, Snu449 and Plc has been determined using SRB assay.	Esters	89-95	MIR7-3 host gene	Homo sapiens	216-220
25606458-1	2014	LIPE is an intracellular neutral lipase, which is capable of hydrolyzing a variety of esters and plays a key role in the mobilization of fatty acids from diacylglycerols.	Esters	86-92	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Bos taurus	0-4
24657767-8	2014	Finally, an ester prodrug of the thiol HDAC inhibitor exhibited antiparasitic activity on cultured schistosomes in a dose-dependent manner.	Esters	12-17	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	39-43
25364778-6	2014	Ester conjugates (C5, C10 and C13 mono- and di-(O-acyl)) of GCV were synthesized in one step reaction following conventional esterification reaction.	Esters	0-5	homeobox C10	Homo sapiens	22-25
25038463-8	2014	JHEdup was expressed heterologously and found to have high catalytic activity against a chemically diverse group of known ester odorants for this species.	Esters	122-127	Juvenile hormone esterase duplication	Drosophila melanogaster	0-6
25255441-2	2014	ABCD1 transports CoA-esters of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) into peroxisomes for degradation by beta-oxidation; thus, ABCD1 deficiency results in VLCFA accumulation.	Esters	21-27	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family D (ALD), member 1	Mus musculus	0-5
25234292-12	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that prostate tumors overexpressing OPH and/or exhibiting a high level of intrinsic oxidative stress may be susceptible to QM generating prodrug esters that are targeted to OPH with little effect on non-tumorigenic prostate cells.	Esters	178-184	acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	69-72
25234292-12	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that prostate tumors overexpressing OPH and/or exhibiting a high level of intrinsic oxidative stress may be susceptible to QM generating prodrug esters that are targeted to OPH with little effect on non-tumorigenic prostate cells.	Esters	178-184	acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	206-209
24621192-4	2014	Insights into BDE trends with ester size are then analyzed for methyl formate through methyl crotonate.	Esters	30-35	homeobox D13	Homo sapiens	14-17
25072100-4	2014	Curcumin was conjugated as an ester to cholesteryl-hyaluronic acid (CHA) nanogel that is capable of targeted delivery to CD44-expressing drug-resistant cancer cells.	Esters	30-35	CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)	Homo sapiens	121-125
24810629-5	2014	A homology search indicated that ORF32 encodes a hydratase for the CoA-ester, suggesting that ORF32 encodes a hydratase that adds a water molecule to a double bond at C-6 of the CoA-ester of 9alpha-hydroxy-17-oxo-1,2,3,4,10,19-hexanorandrost-6-en-5-oic acid.	Esters	71-76	Orf32	Comamonas testosteroni	33-38
24810629-5	2014	A homology search indicated that ORF32 encodes a hydratase for the CoA-ester, suggesting that ORF32 encodes a hydratase that adds a water molecule to a double bond at C-6 of the CoA-ester of 9alpha-hydroxy-17-oxo-1,2,3,4,10,19-hexanorandrost-6-en-5-oic acid.	Esters	71-76	Orf32	Comamonas testosteroni	94-99
25364778-6	2014	Ester conjugates (C5, C10 and C13 mono- and di-(O-acyl)) of GCV were synthesized in one step reaction following conventional esterification reaction.	Esters	0-5	homeobox C13	Homo sapiens	30-33
25079590-0	2014	A metathesis model for the dehydrogenative coupling of amines with alcohols and esters into carboxamides by Milstein"s [Ru(PNN)(CO)(H)] catalysts.	Esters	80-86	pinin, desmosome associated protein	Homo sapiens	123-126
24986863-7	2014	Treatment of cells with a d-2-hydroxyglutarate (d-2HG) ester recapitulated these changes, indicating that the alterations observed in the knocked-in cells were mediated by d-2HG produced by the IDH1 mutant.	Esters	55-60	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1	Homo sapiens	194-198
25093817-1	2014	In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae two alcohol acetyltransferases (AATases), Atf1 and Atf2, condense short chain alcohols with acetyl-CoA to produce volatile acetate esters.	Esters	169-175	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	80-84
25079590-1	2014	Milstein"s [Ru(PNN)(CO)(H)] catalyst (1-Ru) is known to mediate the dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols into esters.	Esters	110-116	pinin, desmosome associated protein	Homo sapiens	15-18
25093817-1	2014	In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae two alcohol acetyltransferases (AATases), Atf1 and Atf2, condense short chain alcohols with acetyl-CoA to produce volatile acetate esters.	Esters	169-175	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	89-93
24937183-0	2014	Synthesis and cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines and macrophages of novel progesterone derivatives having an ester or a carbamate function at C-3 and C-17.	Esters	81-86	complement C3	Homo sapiens	145-148
24871995-3	2014	Ester derivative 7a and conformationally constrained compound 8b were demonstrated to be the most interesting compounds showing a nanomolar 5-HT4R affinity similar to that shown by reference ligands cisapride (1) and RS-23,597-190 (4).	Esters	0-5	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	Homo sapiens	140-146
24731705-5	2014	These ester groups were exploited to covalently bond this polymer, denoted as PNPHO, to different proteins with primary amine groups such as alpha-elastin in aqueous media.	Esters	6-11	elastin	Homo sapiens	147-154
24937183-2	2014	In the second series, both functional groups (ester and carbamate) are bound to C-17 on the pregn-4,6-diene-3,20-dione scaffold (13a-e and 14a-e).	Esters	46-51	cytokine like 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
24937183-0	2014	Synthesis and cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines and macrophages of novel progesterone derivatives having an ester or a carbamate function at C-3 and C-17.	Esters	81-86	cytokine like 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
24620755-3	2014	Here, we provide evidence that the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, long known to esterify cholesterol, also produces monoesters of 24(S)OH-C. Proteoliposomes containing apolipoprotein A-I or apolipoprotein E were used to stimulate the enzyme activity and entrap the formed esters.	Esters	134-140	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	42-78
24518171-6	2014	TNF-alpha alone or in combination with Th2 cytokines decreases the level of long chain free fatty acids (FFAs) and ester linked omega-hydroxy (EO) ceramides, consequently affecting the lipid organization.	Esters	115-120	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-9
24620755-9	2014	These results suggest that the enzyme, in the presence of the apolipoproteins, converts 24(S)OH-C into esters restricted to the extracellular environment, thus preventing or limiting oxysterol-induced neurotoxic injuries to neurons in culture.	Esters	103-109	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	62-77
24856385-4	2014	Although to a lesser extent, Lp_1002 also hydrolyzed most of the esters assayed including relevant wine aroma compounds.	Esters	65-71	alpha/beta hydrolase	Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1	29-36
24752626-2	2014	The photophysical properties of all the BAM ester conjugates were investigated and found to be highly sensitive to solvent polarity, H-bonding capability and pH of the environment.	Esters	44-49	structural maintenance of chromosomes 3	Homo sapiens	40-43
24752626-3	2014	On irradiation using UV light (>=410 nm), BAM ester conjugates underwent heterolytic cleavage of C-O bonds resulting in efficient release of carboxylic and amino acids.	Esters	49-54	structural maintenance of chromosomes 3	Homo sapiens	45-48
24661745-0	2014	The AAT1 locus is critical for the biosynthesis of esters contributing to "ripe apple" flavour in "Royal Gala" and "Granny Smith" apples.	Esters	51-57	alcohol acyl transferase 1 allele GSa	Malus domestica	4-8
24661745-7	2014	Transgenic RG specifically reduced in AAT1 expression showed reduced levels of most key esters in ripe fruit.	Esters	88-94	alcohol acyl transferase 1 allele GSa	Malus domestica	38-42
24661745-10	2014	These results indicate that the AAT1 locus is critical for the biosynthesis of esters contributing to a "ripe apple" flavour.	Esters	79-85	alcohol acyl transferase 1 allele GSa	Malus domestica	32-36
24697240-2	2014	Most organic functional groups are tolerated by zinc organometallic reagents, and Csp(2)-centered magnesium organometallic reagents are compatible with important functional groups, such as the ester, aryl ketone, nitro, cyano, and amide functions.	Esters	193-198	regulator of calcineurin 2	Homo sapiens	82-87
24806583-2	2014	The results demonstrate that the reaction is potentially useful as it proceeds under very mild conditions (t = 62  C, PCO = 1 bar) and converts aryl chlorides to far more valuable products (especially ortho-substituted benzoic acids and esters) in high yields.	Esters	237-243	PCOS1	Homo sapiens	118-125
24835983-1	2014	Modification of a series of P2Y12 receptor antagonists by replacement of the ester functionality was aimed at minimizing the risk of in vivo metabolic instability and pharmacokinetic variability.	Esters	77-82	purinergic receptor P2Y12	Homo sapiens	28-33
24512105-10	2014	The enzyme encoded by CES1 is a major liver enzyme that typically catalyzes the decomposition of ester into alcohol and carboxylic acid and is involved in drug or xenobiotics, fatty acid, and cholesterol metabolisms.	Esters	97-102	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	22-26
24668940-4	2014	Two of these products, 8-HEPE and 9-HEPE, enhanced the transcription levels of GAL4-PPARs to a significantly greater extent than 5-HEPE, 12-HEPE, 18-HEPE, EPA, and EPA ethyl-ester.	Esters	173-179	galectin 4	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
24631066-4	2014	In this paper we studied how this peptide, as well as inhibitors and modulators of halogenating activity of MPO such as ceruloplasmin (CP), 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (ABAH) and thiocyanate (SCN(-)) affect the accumulation of cholesterol and its esters in monocytes/macrophages after incubation with LDL subjected to different kinds of MPO-dependent oxidative/halogenating modification.	Esters	249-255	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	108-111
24675140-3	2014	Thus, the cell permeant ester dimethyl alpha-ketoglutarate (DMKG) increased the cytosolic concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate, which was converted into AcCoA through a pathway relying on either of the 2 isocitrate dehydrogenase isoforms (IDH1 or IDH2), as well as on ACLY (ATP citrate lyase).	Esters	24-29	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1	Homo sapiens	239-243
24675140-3	2014	Thus, the cell permeant ester dimethyl alpha-ketoglutarate (DMKG) increased the cytosolic concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate, which was converted into AcCoA through a pathway relying on either of the 2 isocitrate dehydrogenase isoforms (IDH1 or IDH2), as well as on ACLY (ATP citrate lyase).	Esters	24-29	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2	Homo sapiens	247-251
24675140-3	2014	Thus, the cell permeant ester dimethyl alpha-ketoglutarate (DMKG) increased the cytosolic concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate, which was converted into AcCoA through a pathway relying on either of the 2 isocitrate dehydrogenase isoforms (IDH1 or IDH2), as well as on ACLY (ATP citrate lyase).	Esters	24-29	ATP citrate lyase	Homo sapiens	268-272
24675140-3	2014	Thus, the cell permeant ester dimethyl alpha-ketoglutarate (DMKG) increased the cytosolic concentration of alpha-ketoglutarate, which was converted into AcCoA through a pathway relying on either of the 2 isocitrate dehydrogenase isoforms (IDH1 or IDH2), as well as on ACLY (ATP citrate lyase).	Esters	24-29	ATP citrate lyase	Homo sapiens	274-291
24632143-0	2014	Ordered cleavage of myeloperoxidase ester bonds releases active site heme leading to inactivation of myeloperoxidase by benzoic acid hydrazide analogs.	Esters	36-41	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	20-35
24632143-0	2014	Ordered cleavage of myeloperoxidase ester bonds releases active site heme leading to inactivation of myeloperoxidase by benzoic acid hydrazide analogs.	Esters	36-41	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	101-116
24632143-5	2014	We also determined that MPO inhibition by benzoic acid hydrazide and 4-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid hydrazide was due to hydrolysis of the ester bond between MPO heavy chain Glu 242 residue and the heme pyrrole A ring, freeing the light chain and heme b fragment from the larger remaining MPO heavy chain.	Esters	141-146	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	24-27
24632143-5	2014	We also determined that MPO inhibition by benzoic acid hydrazide and 4-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid hydrazide was due to hydrolysis of the ester bond between MPO heavy chain Glu 242 residue and the heme pyrrole A ring, freeing the light chain and heme b fragment from the larger remaining MPO heavy chain.	Esters	141-146	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	160-163
24632143-5	2014	We also determined that MPO inhibition by benzoic acid hydrazide and 4-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid hydrazide was due to hydrolysis of the ester bond between MPO heavy chain Glu 242 residue and the heme pyrrole A ring, freeing the light chain and heme b fragment from the larger remaining MPO heavy chain.	Esters	141-146	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	160-163
24552471-4	2014	Compounds 5 and 6 possess a unique 7/7 fused carbocyclic core with an internal ester bridge between C-9 and C-14, and 5 exhibited protective activity against H2O2-induced oxidative damage on Caco-2 cells.	Esters	79-84	complement C9	Homo sapiens	100-103
24519721-1	2014	A series of acid-cleavable ester-type protecting groups, with acid-sensitivity profiles parallel to those of 2-naphthylmethyl (NAP) or p-methoxybenzyl (PMB) ether, were designed and TFA in toluene was identified as a technically simple and effective deblocking cocktail for their global removal in the context of oligosaccharide synthesis.	Esters	27-32	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	182-185
24400806-2	2014	A series of novel ester derivatives of 1-(3-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-(3,5-dichloropyridin-4-yl) ethanol have been synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity toward cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4).	Esters	18-23	phosphodiesterase 4A	Homo sapiens	231-235
24461291-2	2014	The anticipated pathway of carboxylesterase-1-mediated carbamate cleavage followed by lactamization and drug release was frustrated by unexpectedly high sensitivity of the ester linkage toward hydrolysis by carboxylesterase-2 and other microsomal components.	Esters	35-40	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	207-225
24524563-6	2014	The present study demonstrated that the absorption of ginsenoside Rh2 in vitro can be significantly enhanced by synthesis of its ester derivative.	Esters	129-134	Rh associated glycoprotein	Homo sapiens	66-69
24988246-1	2014	Human carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) and carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) are serine esterases responsible for the hydrolysis of ester and amide bonds present in a number of pharmaceutical products.	Esters	14-19	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
24953389-1	2014	Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), also named as platelet-activating factor (PAF)-acetylhydrolase, exhibits a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent phospholipase A2 activity and catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ester bond at the sn-2 position of PAF and oxidized phospholipids (oxPL).	Esters	228-233	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	0-39
24953389-1	2014	Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), also named as platelet-activating factor (PAF)-acetylhydrolase, exhibits a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent phospholipase A2 activity and catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ester bond at the sn-2 position of PAF and oxidized phospholipids (oxPL).	Esters	228-233	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	41-48
24953389-1	2014	Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), also named as platelet-activating factor (PAF)-acetylhydrolase, exhibits a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent phospholipase A2 activity and catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ester bond at the sn-2 position of PAF and oxidized phospholipids (oxPL).	Esters	228-233	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	65-113
24953389-1	2014	Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), also named as platelet-activating factor (PAF)-acetylhydrolase, exhibits a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent phospholipase A2 activity and catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ester bond at the sn-2 position of PAF and oxidized phospholipids (oxPL).	Esters	228-233	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	23-39
24141856-4	2014	Here, we studied recombinant human CES1- and CES2-mediated hydrolytic activation of the prodrug esters enalapril and ramipril, compared with the activation of the known substrate trandolapril.	Esters	96-102	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	35-39
24141856-4	2014	Here, we studied recombinant human CES1- and CES2-mediated hydrolytic activation of the prodrug esters enalapril and ramipril, compared with the activation of the known substrate trandolapril.	Esters	96-102	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	45-49
24367998-4	2014	((Ph2PPr)PDI)Mn was also shown to catalyze the dihydrosilylation of esters following cleavage of the substrate acyl C-O bond.	Esters	68-74	peptidyl arginine deiminase 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
25898731-2	2014	The conjugate consists of a residue of rac-1-[13-(Me4-BODIPY-8)tridecanoyl]-2-oleoylglycerol connected to methotrexate by ester bond via beta-Ala-N-carbonylmethylene linker (Me4-BODIPY-8,4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacen-8-yl).	Esters	122-127	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
24660685-4	2014	The ester prodrugs of 3 and 4 with diclofenac showed promising dual inhibition of NF-kappa B and COX-2.	Esters	4-9	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	82-92
24660685-4	2014	The ester prodrugs of 3 and 4 with diclofenac showed promising dual inhibition of NF-kappa B and COX-2.	Esters	4-9	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	97-102
24988246-1	2014	Human carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) and carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) are serine esterases responsible for the hydrolysis of ester and amide bonds present in a number of pharmaceutical products.	Esters	14-19	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	36-54
24988246-1	2014	Human carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) and carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) are serine esterases responsible for the hydrolysis of ester and amide bonds present in a number of pharmaceutical products.	Esters	14-19	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	56-60
25485183-3	2014	The GW0742 alcohol derivative was more active than the ester in respect to VDR but less active in regard to PPARdelta.	Esters	55-60	vitamin D receptor	Homo sapiens	75-78
24477114-4	2014	We observe substantial and differential effects upon amide-to-ester mutation in PDZ2 of postsynaptic density protein 95 and other PDZ domains, suggesting that hydrogen bonding at the carboxylate-binding site contributes to both affinity and selectivity.	Esters	62-67	discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4	Homo sapiens	88-119
24286207-3	2013	We have sought to introduce benzylic substituents alpha to the ester group which affect the half-lives of deactivation through enzymatic activity while enhancing the affinities and efficacies of individual ligands for the CB1 and CB2 receptors.	Esters	63-68	cannabinoid receptor 1	Homo sapiens	222-225
24286207-3	2013	We have sought to introduce benzylic substituents alpha to the ester group which affect the half-lives of deactivation through enzymatic activity while enhancing the affinities and efficacies of individual ligands for the CB1 and CB2 receptors.	Esters	63-68	cannabinoid receptor 2	Homo sapiens	230-233
24756806-1	2014	Temsirolimus, an ester of sirolimus (rapamycin), selectively inhibits the kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and consequently blocks the translation of cell cycle regulatory proteins and prevents overexpression of angiogenic growth factors.	Esters	17-22	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	81-110
24756806-1	2014	Temsirolimus, an ester of sirolimus (rapamycin), selectively inhibits the kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and consequently blocks the translation of cell cycle regulatory proteins and prevents overexpression of angiogenic growth factors.	Esters	17-22	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	112-116
24175616-2	2013	This work details an ab initio and chemical kinetic study of the hydrogen atom abstraction reactions by the hydroperoxyl radical (HO2) on the following esters: methyl ethanoate, methyl propanoate, methyl butanoate, methyl pentanoate, methyl isobutyrate, ethyl ethanoate, propyl ethanoate, and isopropyl ethanoate.	Esters	152-158	heme oxygenase 2	Homo sapiens	130-133
24036626-1	2013	Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), which is overexpressed in many tumors, cleaves ester bonds at the sn-2 position of phospholipids.	Esters	83-88	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	0-26
24119557-5	2013	While the parent esters display strong activity in enzymatic (ROCK2) and cellular (MLC phosphorylation) assays, their corresponding carboxylic acid metabolites have negligible functional activity.	Esters	17-23	rho-associated protein kinase 2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	62-67
24036626-1	2013	Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), which is overexpressed in many tumors, cleaves ester bonds at the sn-2 position of phospholipids.	Esters	83-88	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	28-33
24187979-2	2013	In many cases, PEGylated protein has been synthesized by the conjugation reaction between PEG possessing activated ester and amine(s) in the protein.	Esters	115-120	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	15-18
23949087-0	2013	Differential mechanism of the effects of ester-type local anesthetics on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase.	Esters	41-46	dynein axonemal heavy chain 8	Homo sapiens	99-105
24127424-6	2013	Here, we report on the accurate synthesis of methylated, phosphorylated, and phosphonated serinyl-derived tRNA(Sec) mimics that contain a hydrolysis-resistant ribose 3"-amide linkage instead of the natural ester bond.	Esters	206-211	mitochondrially encoded tRNA glycine	Homo sapiens	106-115
23274914-6	2013	Four ester derivatives [acetyl (3), butyryl (4), hexanoyl (5), and benzoyl (6)] were prepared from 1 and their activities evaluated against PTP1B and two cancer cell lines to investigate the structure-activity relationships.	Esters	5-10	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 1	Homo sapiens	140-145
24256814-2	2013	Pth1 cleaves the ester bond between the peptide and nucleotide of peptidyl-tRNA generated from aborted translation, expression of mini-genes, and short ORFs.	Esters	17-22	parathyroid hormone	Homo sapiens	0-4
24055044-5	2013	In order to target cardiac mitoKATP channels, we decided to introduce a triphenylphosphonium group through an ester link on the SUR1-selective (R)-7-chloro-3-(1-hydroxy-2-propyl)amino-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide.	Esters	110-115	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 8	Rattus norvegicus	128-132
23996395-5	2013	RESULTS: A beta-hydrogen transfer rearrangement, leading to the selective cleavage of the -O-CH2- bonds, and cleavage of the -CH2-CO- bonds, the ester bonds, and the -CH2-CH2- bonds in the diol moiety were observed.	Esters	145-150	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	9-15
23909803-4	2013	Here we discuss the unexpected observation that feeding an ester of ketone bodies to the mouse, which increases blood ketone body concentrations, results in an activation of brown fat.	Esters	59-64	CD36 molecule	Mus musculus	180-183
24076198-5	2013	The conjugation of GA onto chitosan probably occurred between amine (C-2), hydroxyl groups (C-3 and C-6) of chitosan and carboxyl groups of GA, forming amide and ester linkages, respectively.	Esters	162-167	complement C2	Homo sapiens	69-72
24076198-5	2013	The conjugation of GA onto chitosan probably occurred between amine (C-2), hydroxyl groups (C-3 and C-6) of chitosan and carboxyl groups of GA, forming amide and ester linkages, respectively.	Esters	162-167	complement C3	Homo sapiens	92-95
24076198-5	2013	The conjugation of GA onto chitosan probably occurred between amine (C-2), hydroxyl groups (C-3 and C-6) of chitosan and carboxyl groups of GA, forming amide and ester linkages, respectively.	Esters	162-167	complement C6	Homo sapiens	100-103
24036201-0	2013	Enantiopure dihalocyclopropyl alcohols and esters by lipase catalyzed kinetic resolution.	Esters	43-49	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	53-59
23737193-1	2013	EstU1 is a unique family VIII carboxylesterase that displays hydrolytic activity toward the amide bond of clinically used beta-lactam antibiotics as well as the ester bond of p-nitrophenyl esters.	Esters	38-43	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A	Homo sapiens	25-29
24042198-5	2013	Furthermore, LK ester treatment altered collapsin response mediator protein 2 phosphorylation.	Esters	16-21	dihydropyrimidinase-like 2	Mus musculus	40-77
23863773-5	2013	Derivatives with a hydroxyl group para on the ester-bonded gallate moiety presented a high in vitro binding to DHFR, but exhibited transport problems in cell culture due to ionization at physiologic pHs.	Esters	46-51	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	111-115
24900634-0	2013	Design and Synthesis of Peptide YY Analogues with C-terminal Backbone Amide-to-Ester Modifications.	Esters	79-84	peptide YY	Homo sapiens	24-34
24900634-3	2013	Here, we describe the design and preparation of a series of PYY(3-36) depsipeptide analogues, in which backbone amide-to-ester modifications were systematically introduced in the C-terminal.	Esters	121-126	peptide YY	Homo sapiens	60-63
23650868-1	2013	Leu-enkephalin analogues, in which the amide bonds were sequentially and systematically replaced either by ester or N-methyl amide bonds, were prepared using classical organic chemistry as well as solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS).	Esters	107-112	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	0-14
23802190-0	2013	Ethers and esters derived from apocynin avoid the interaction between p47phox and p22phox subunits of NADPH oxidase: evaluation in vitro and in silico.	Esters	11-17	NADPH oxidase	Drosophila melanogaster	102-115
24098215-4	2013	Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding involving the amino group and ester carbonyl helps to lock the syn conformation of the ester with respect to the amino group.	Esters	63-68	synemin	Homo sapiens	96-99
24098215-4	2013	Intra-molecular hydrogen bonding involving the amino group and ester carbonyl helps to lock the syn conformation of the ester with respect to the amino group.	Esters	120-125	synemin	Homo sapiens	96-99
24011181-6	2013	Results show that H2 pressures greatly determine the total ester conversion and selectivity to C15 - C18 aliphatic hydrocarbons.	Esters	59-64	placenta associated 8	Homo sapiens	95-98
24011181-6	2013	Results show that H2 pressures greatly determine the total ester conversion and selectivity to C15 - C18 aliphatic hydrocarbons.	Esters	59-64	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	101-104
23023763-1	2013	The rhodamine 6G(+) -perphenazine (Rhod 6G(+) -PPH) compound is formed in the ester-exchange reaction between -OH of PPH and -COOC2 H5 of Rhod 6G(+) .	Esters	78-83	enolase 1	Homo sapiens	47-50
23023763-1	2013	The rhodamine 6G(+) -perphenazine (Rhod 6G(+) -PPH) compound is formed in the ester-exchange reaction between -OH of PPH and -COOC2 H5 of Rhod 6G(+) .	Esters	78-83	enolase 1	Homo sapiens	117-120
23786256-3	2013	These amines are activated by CYP450 1A1, apparently into hydroxylamines 8a-g that are likely metabolized into esters that ionize into nitrenium ions responsible for cellular damage.	Esters	111-117	solute carrier family 45 member 2	Homo sapiens	37-40
23683251-2	2013	Specifically, MTX was conjugated to MWCNTs via a serum-stable yet intracellularly hydrolyzable ester linkage to ensure minimum drug loss in circulation.	Esters	95-100	metaxin 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
23857173-5	2013	Among these important proteins are Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) and retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65-kDa protein (RPE65) known to be responsible for esterification of retinol to all-trans-retinyl esters and isomerization of these esters to 11-cis-retinal, respectively.	Esters	213-219	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	35-67
23857173-5	2013	Among these important proteins are Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) and retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65-kDa protein (RPE65) known to be responsible for esterification of retinol to all-trans-retinyl esters and isomerization of these esters to 11-cis-retinal, respectively.	Esters	213-219	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	79-129
23857173-5	2013	Among these important proteins are Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) and retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65-kDa protein (RPE65) known to be responsible for esterification of retinol to all-trans-retinyl esters and isomerization of these esters to 11-cis-retinal, respectively.	Esters	213-219	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	131-136
23629657-0	2013	Campylobacter jejuni lipooligosaccharide sialylation, phosphorylation, and amide/ester linkage modifications fine-tune human Toll-like receptor 4 activation.	Esters	81-86	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	125-145
23293887-5	2013	The docking studies of most potent analog (7) with 3D crystal structure of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) P50 homodimer (PDB ID: 1NFK) revealed that carbonyl group of ester side chain and C-28 carboxylic acid groups were mainly involved in hydrogen bonding interaction.	Esters	175-180	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	79-101
23293887-5	2013	The docking studies of most potent analog (7) with 3D crystal structure of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) P50 homodimer (PDB ID: 1NFK) revealed that carbonyl group of ester side chain and C-28 carboxylic acid groups were mainly involved in hydrogen bonding interaction.	Esters	175-180	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	103-112
23683251-7	2013	Interestingly, the anticancer activities of the ester-linked CNT-MTX conjugates (including the one deprived of FA) were significantly higher than their amide-linked counterpart, suggesting that cleavability of linkers between drug and multifunctional nanotubes critically influence their therapeutic performance.	Esters	48-53	metaxin 1	Mus musculus	65-68
23686114-3	2013	Studies using synthetic LXR agonists have also demonstrated that macrophage LXR activation simultaneously induces a second network of genes that promotes fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis that may support the detoxification of excess free cholesterol by storage in the ester form.	Esters	247-252	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3	Mus musculus	24-27
23686114-3	2013	Studies using synthetic LXR agonists have also demonstrated that macrophage LXR activation simultaneously induces a second network of genes that promotes fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis that may support the detoxification of excess free cholesterol by storage in the ester form.	Esters	247-252	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3	Mus musculus	76-79
23654226-2	2013	FAAH carries an unusual catalytic triad consisting of Lys-Ser-Ser, which uniquely enables the enzyme to cleave amides and esters at similar rates.	Esters	122-128	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	0-4
23642004-6	2013	In the case of activated esters, the process can also be viewed as water autoionization with formation of hydroxide ion aided by a second water molecule acting as a general base (W(AI)B mechanism).	Esters	25-31	ANIB1	Homo sapiens	181-185
23685569-0	2013	Synthesis and antimalarial testing of neocryptolepine analogues: addition of ester function in SAR study of 2,11-disubstituted indolo[2,3-b]quinolines.	Esters	77-82	sarcosinemia autosomal recessive	Mus musculus	95-98
22233541-3	2013	Here, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a series of N-methylpiperidinyl thioesters, possessing comparable properties to their corresponding esters, which can be directly evaluated for cholinesterase kinetics and histochemical distribution in human brain tissue.	Esters	84-90	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	192-206
23480813-5	2013	Hydrolysis of the ester side chain facilitated cellular entrapment, enabling detection of heterogeneous POR expression in mixed populations of cells.	Esters	18-23	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	104-107
23530975-7	2013	Photoinitiated ester degradation precipitated the rapid release of 72+-5% of complexed DNA from PCB-NBE polyplexes.	Esters	15-20	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	96-99
23597747-3	2013	First, CdS quantum dots were capped with 2-mercaptoethanol with subsequent immobilization of a carboxylated C12-chain transfer agent (C12CTA) via an ester bond.	Esters	149-154	CDP-diacylglycerol synthase 1	Homo sapiens	7-10
23469757-5	2013	The platinum drug, oxoplatin, was then subsequently attached to the polymer via ester formation leading to platinum loading of 12 wt % as determined by TGA.	Esters	80-85	T-box transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	152-155
23512331-1	2013	A five-step procedure for the synthesis of cis-1-tosyl-2-tosyloxymethyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)aziridine was developed, starting from 1-ethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, involving imination, aziridination, ester reduction, hydrogenation, and N-,O-ditosylation steps.	Esters	199-204	suppressor of cytokine signaling 1	Homo sapiens	43-48
23575856-3	2013	In animals heterozygous for the olfactory marker protein (OMP), this adaptive plasticity was strongest in the populations of OSNs that originally responded to the exposure odorant (an ester) and also observed in the responses to a similar odorant (another ester) but had no effect on the responses to odorants dissimilar to the exposure odorant (a ketone and an aldehyde).	Esters	184-189	olfactory marker protein	Mus musculus	32-56
23575856-3	2013	In animals heterozygous for the olfactory marker protein (OMP), this adaptive plasticity was strongest in the populations of OSNs that originally responded to the exposure odorant (an ester) and also observed in the responses to a similar odorant (another ester) but had no effect on the responses to odorants dissimilar to the exposure odorant (a ketone and an aldehyde).	Esters	184-189	olfactory marker protein	Mus musculus	58-61
23575856-3	2013	In animals heterozygous for the olfactory marker protein (OMP), this adaptive plasticity was strongest in the populations of OSNs that originally responded to the exposure odorant (an ester) and also observed in the responses to a similar odorant (another ester) but had no effect on the responses to odorants dissimilar to the exposure odorant (a ketone and an aldehyde).	Esters	256-261	olfactory marker protein	Mus musculus	32-56
23575856-3	2013	In animals heterozygous for the olfactory marker protein (OMP), this adaptive plasticity was strongest in the populations of OSNs that originally responded to the exposure odorant (an ester) and also observed in the responses to a similar odorant (another ester) but had no effect on the responses to odorants dissimilar to the exposure odorant (a ketone and an aldehyde).	Esters	256-261	olfactory marker protein	Mus musculus	58-61
23495024-6	2013	RESULTS: The structural studies, performed with the aid of ESI-MS(n), confirmed that the lipoic acid was covalently bound to oligo-3-hydroxybutyrate chains through hydrolyzable ester bonds.	Esters	177-182	oligodendrocyte transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	125-132
22902409-5	2013	The water formed during esterification process seems to hinder the esters formation, possibly due to competitive adsorption with methanol and to the promotion of the FAME hydrolysis reaction.The observed catalyst deactivation seems to be related to the reduction of vanadium species.	Esters	67-73	benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy 1	Homo sapiens	166-170
23386702-1	2013	UNLABELLED: Carboxylesterases hydrolyze esters, amides, and thioesters to produce carboxylic acids and resulting alcohols, amines, and thiols, respectively.	Esters	40-46	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	12-29
23386702-2	2013	Uridine 5"-diphosphate- glucuronosyltransferases are colocalized with carboxylesterases and have the potential to further metabolize carboxylic acids to acyl glucuronides, but it is currently unknown if acyl glucuronides, being esters, also interact with carboxylesterases.	Esters	228-234	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	70-87
23264448-1	2013	The purpose of this study was to quantitatively determine the contribution of PepT1 [peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1)] to the intestinal permeability of valacyclovir, an ester prodrug of the antiviral drug acyclovir.	Esters	169-174	solute carrier family 15 (oligopeptide transporter), member 1	Mus musculus	78-83
23380174-5	2013	Docking studies indicated that one of the ester moieties of these compounds played a key role in their interactions with the PDE4B protein.	Esters	42-47	phosphodiesterase 4B	Homo sapiens	125-130
23116520-6	2013	Based on the established QSAR equations, we analyse 22 new DTC derivatives and identify DTC dicarboxilic acids derivatives and their esters as potentially improved inhibitors of CA I, II, IX and XII.	Esters	133-139	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	178-198
23414804-1	2013	We have used a template-assembled synthetic protein (TASP) to investigate catalytic function in ester hydrolysis.	Esters	96-101	LanC like 2	Homo sapiens	15-51
23414804-1	2013	We have used a template-assembled synthetic protein (TASP) to investigate catalytic function in ester hydrolysis.	Esters	96-101	LanC like 2	Homo sapiens	53-57
23264448-1	2013	The purpose of this study was to quantitatively determine the contribution of PepT1 [peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1)] to the intestinal permeability of valacyclovir, an ester prodrug of the antiviral drug acyclovir.	Esters	169-174	solute carrier family 15 (oligopeptide transporter), member 1	Mus musculus	85-106
23264448-1	2013	The purpose of this study was to quantitatively determine the contribution of PepT1 [peptide transporter 1 (SLC15A1)] to the intestinal permeability of valacyclovir, an ester prodrug of the antiviral drug acyclovir.	Esters	169-174	solute carrier family 15 (oligopeptide transporter), member 1	Mus musculus	108-115
23386599-1	2013	Carboxylesterases are a multigene family of mammalian enzymes widely distributed throughout the body that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters, amides, thioesters, and carbamates.	Esters	133-139	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	0-17
23311868-4	2013	CmAAT1, CmAAT3 and CmAAT4 are capable of synthesizing esters, with CmAAT1 the most active.	Esters	54-60	benzyl alcohol O-benzoyltransferase-like	Cucumis melo	8-14
23311868-4	2013	CmAAT1, CmAAT3 and CmAAT4 are capable of synthesizing esters, with CmAAT1 the most active.	Esters	54-60	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: salutaridinol 7-O-acetyltransferase-like	Cucumis melo	19-25
23288782-4	2013	In an effort to solve this problem, we have now synthesized and tested a new prodrug of 2-ME2 that is water-soluble due to a bioreversible hydrophilic group added at the 3-position and that more effectively resists metabolic inactivation due to an ester moiety added to mask the 17-position alcohol.	Esters	248-253	malic enzyme 2, NAD(+)-dependent, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	90-93
23647544-1	2013	Human carboxylesterase I (hCES 1) plays an important role in the metabolism and activation of prodrugs, such as, the hydrolysis of a variety of drugs of prodrugs featuring an ester, amide or carbamate function.	Esters	14-19	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	26-32
23214420-3	2013	Atu3266 from Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 and Oant2987 from Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49188 were found to catalyze the hydrolysis of acetyl-(R)-mandelate and similar esters with values of k(cat)/K(m) that exceed 10(5) M(-1) s(-1).	Esters	168-174	amidohydrolase/deacetylase family metallohydrolase	Agrobacterium fabrum str. C58	0-7
23016683-4	2013	Moreover, incorporation of a peptidyl chain at the N-terminus as well as an introduction of electron withdrawing or electron donating substituents within the ester ring structure allows for a generation of specific inhibitors that react only with target serine protease.	Esters	158-163	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	254-269
23245571-1	2013	As a continuation of previous research on a new series of potent and efficacious P-gp-dependent multidrug resistant (MDR) reversers with a N,N-bis(cyclohexanol)amine scaffold, we have designed and synthesized several analogs by modulation of the two aromatic moieties linked through ester functions to the N,N-bis(cyclohexanol)amine, aiming to optimize activity and to extend structure-activity relationships (SAR) within the series.	Esters	283-288	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	81-85
23305399-2	2013	Thiazolidinedione ring upon substitution with different scaffolds like benzylidene, methoxynapthalene, ester, benzyl shows wide spectrum of pharmacological activities like antihyperglycemic, anticancer, aldose reductase (ALR) inhibition, anti-inflammatory, PGDH inhibition, Keratin pigmentation, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.	Esters	103-108	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	203-219
23305399-2	2013	Thiazolidinedione ring upon substitution with different scaffolds like benzylidene, methoxynapthalene, ester, benzyl shows wide spectrum of pharmacological activities like antihyperglycemic, anticancer, aldose reductase (ALR) inhibition, anti-inflammatory, PGDH inhibition, Keratin pigmentation, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.	Esters	103-108	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B	Homo sapiens	221-224
23305399-2	2013	Thiazolidinedione ring upon substitution with different scaffolds like benzylidene, methoxynapthalene, ester, benzyl shows wide spectrum of pharmacological activities like antihyperglycemic, anticancer, aldose reductase (ALR) inhibition, anti-inflammatory, PGDH inhibition, Keratin pigmentation, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.	Esters	103-108	15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	257-261
22906720-7	2012	In the presence of substrate, the rate of inhibition of the WT SFGH by peroxide increases 14-fold, suggesting uncompetitive behavior linking oxidation to ester hydrolysis.	Esters	154-159	S-formylglutathione hydrolase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
23194315-10	2012	Experimental GAs for these esters are in the range of 336.7-338.1 kcal/mol, in excellent agreement with the calculated G3(MP2) values.	Esters	27-33	tryptase pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
23124213-1	2012	Esters of 1,4-benzoxazine and 1,4-benzodioxine compounds 1 and 10, which combine thrombin inhibitory and GPIIb/IIIa antagonistic activity in one molecule are shown to inhibit endothelial cell migration and tube formation in vitro and angiogenesis in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.	Esters	0-6	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Gallus gallus	81-89
22940277-3	2012	His-tag purified recombinant CT149 exhibited ester hydrolysis activity in a nitrophenyl acetate-based cell-free assay system.	Esters	45-50	tektin 5	Homo sapiens	29-34
22911105-2	2012	We show that acute administration of a DGAT1 inhibitor (DGAT1i) by oral gavage or genetic deletion of intestinal Dgat1 (intestine-Dgat1(-/-)) markedly reduced postprandial plasma TG and retinyl ester excursions by inhibiting chylomicron secretion in mice.	Esters	194-199	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	39-44
22911105-2	2012	We show that acute administration of a DGAT1 inhibitor (DGAT1i) by oral gavage or genetic deletion of intestinal Dgat1 (intestine-Dgat1(-/-)) markedly reduced postprandial plasma TG and retinyl ester excursions by inhibiting chylomicron secretion in mice.	Esters	194-199	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	113-118
22911105-2	2012	We show that acute administration of a DGAT1 inhibitor (DGAT1i) by oral gavage or genetic deletion of intestinal Dgat1 (intestine-Dgat1(-/-)) markedly reduced postprandial plasma TG and retinyl ester excursions by inhibiting chylomicron secretion in mice.	Esters	194-199	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	120-140
23039790-6	2012	The monoester of astaxanthin, however, allows formation of the neutral radical at C3" and prevents its formation at the opposite end where the ester group is attached.	Esters	8-13	complement C3	Homo sapiens	82-84
22877990-1	2012	Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a membrane protein that plays a relevant role in the metabolism of fatty acid amides and esters.	Esters	126-132	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	28-32
22989032-4	2012	Selective inhibition of intestinal MTP is achieved via rapid hydrolysis of its ester linkage by liver-specific carboxylesterase(s), resulting in the formation of an inactive carboxylic acid metabolite 1.	Esters	79-84	microsomal triglyceride transfer protein	Homo sapiens	35-38
22728958-1	2012	Fatty acid synthase (FASN or FAS, EC 2.3.1.85) is the sole mammalian enzyme to synthesize fatty acids de novo from acetyl- and malonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) esters.	Esters	152-158	fatty acid synthase	Homo sapiens	0-19
22453680-4	2012	Process intensification (PI) was established by performing a novel de-blocking (de-esterification) of the partially purified insulin ester and conjugation at B-29 Lys residue of B chain with a short-chain methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) in a single-pot reactor.	Esters	83-88	insulin	Homo sapiens	125-132
22728958-1	2012	Fatty acid synthase (FASN or FAS, EC 2.3.1.85) is the sole mammalian enzyme to synthesize fatty acids de novo from acetyl- and malonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) esters.	Esters	152-158	fatty acid synthase	Homo sapiens	21-25
22871579-3	2012	The docking results suggested that these alkenyl derivatives containing ester moiety interact well with the PDE4B protein in silico where the ester carbonyl oxygen played a key role.	Esters	72-77	phosphodiesterase 4B	Homo sapiens	108-113
22901393-0	2012	Biologically active ester derivatives as potent inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase.	Esters	20-25	epoxide hydrolase 2	Homo sapiens	66-91
22871579-3	2012	The docking results suggested that these alkenyl derivatives containing ester moiety interact well with the PDE4B protein in silico where the ester carbonyl oxygen played a key role.	Esters	142-147	phosphodiesterase 4B	Homo sapiens	108-113
22228039-2	2012	The results indicated that the aggregating capabilities of IP esters (IP(1-6)) on the 2 proteins decreased dramatically from IP(6) to IP(5) and became negligible with IP(1-4).	Esters	62-68	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	70-76
22615272-5	2012	On the basis of earlier computational studies, we hypothesized that OGp might be replaceable by simpler ester groups to make the enzyme-specific activation approach to peptide bond formation more accessible.	Esters	104-109	oviductal glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
22615272-9	2012	The results were compared with those obtained from a previous study of Z-X(AA) -OGp esters.	Esters	84-90	oviductal glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
22525521-1	2012	Carboxylesterases (CES) metabolize esters.	Esters	35-41	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	0-17
22642495-1	2012	Ester bond hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids by Phospholipase A(2) and consequent release of fatty acids are the initiating steps of inflammation.	Esters	0-5	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	51-69
22352697-1	2012	The purposes of this study were to expand the structure of parent drugs selected for peptide transporter 1 (PepT1)-targeted ester prodrug design and to improve oral bioavailability of oleanolic acid (OA), a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class IV drug.	Esters	124-129	solute carrier family 15 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	85-106
22352697-1	2012	The purposes of this study were to expand the structure of parent drugs selected for peptide transporter 1 (PepT1)-targeted ester prodrug design and to improve oral bioavailability of oleanolic acid (OA), a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class IV drug.	Esters	124-129	solute carrier family 15 member 1	Rattus norvegicus	108-113
22674813-2	2012	An efficient total chemical synthesis of the insulin molecule has been devised on the basis of a key ester-linked intermediate that is chemically converted to fully active human insulin.	Esters	101-106	insulin	Homo sapiens	45-52
22674813-2	2012	An efficient total chemical synthesis of the insulin molecule has been devised on the basis of a key ester-linked intermediate that is chemically converted to fully active human insulin.	Esters	101-106	insulin	Homo sapiens	178-185
22407924-2	2012	To increase the delivery of naproxen across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), 3 prodrugs (P1, P2 and P3) of naproxen were synthesized through either ester bond or amido bond using the dimethylamino moiety as a brain-targeting ligand.	Esters	146-151	perforin 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-100
22407924-4	2012	P3 with an amido bond appeared to be highly stable in all incubation media, whereas P1 and P2 with ester bonds were partially hydrolyzed in alkaline environment and brain homogenate to yield the parent drug.	Esters	99-104	perforin 1	Rattus norvegicus	84-93
22407924-6	2012	In addition, the Cmax of TN in the brain after the administration of prodrugs with ester bonds (P1 and P2) was higher than that of the amide prodrug (P3).	Esters	83-88	perforin 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-105
22228039-2	2012	The results indicated that the aggregating capabilities of IP esters (IP(1-6)) on the 2 proteins decreased dramatically from IP(6) to IP(5) and became negligible with IP(1-4).	Esters	62-68	inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase regulatory subunit gamma	Homo sapiens	167-173
22530559-1	2012	Chiral 2-piperidinone compounds with various C-6 substituents were successfully synthesized via a Pd-catalyzed asymmetric 6-endo cyclization of dienamides, which were evidently activated by both N-p-toluenesulfonyl and C-3 ester substituents.	Esters	223-228	complement C6	Homo sapiens	45-48
22474282-8	2012	Mice lacking LCAT have decreased levels of PREG esters in the adrenals.	Esters	48-54	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Mus musculus	13-17
22122192-3	2012	We have developed a series of TLR7-selective "antedrugs", including SM-324405 and AZ12441970, which contain an ester group rapidly cleaved in plasma to reduce systemic exposure.	Esters	111-116	toll-like receptor 7	Mus musculus	30-34
22464681-0	2012	Ester and carbamate ester derivatives of Biochanin A: synthesis and in vitro evaluation of estrogenic and antiproliferative activities.	Esters	0-5	B cell linker	Homo sapiens	41-52
22464681-5	2012	We also synthesized esters (1, 3) and carbamate esters (2, 4, 5) at position 7 of BCA using short aliphatic chains bearing a chlorine (1, 2) or a bromine atom (3, 4) or long aliphatic chains without such atoms (5).	Esters	20-26	B cell linker	Homo sapiens	82-85
22401958-2	2012	We purified SMP-30 from mouse (Mo) liver and compared its hydrolytic activity towards various esters, lactones, and G-type nerve agents with that of human paraoxonase1 (Hu PON1) and squid diisopropylfluorophosphatase (DFPase).	Esters	94-100	regucalcin	Mus musculus	12-18
22122192-4	2012	EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Agonist activity at TLR7 of the parent ester and acid metabolite was assessed in vitro in reporter cells and primary cells from a number of species.	Esters	61-66	toll-like receptor 7	Mus musculus	42-46
22385476-2	2012	We had previously determined that at least one acyl group of optimal length (C(16)) and an appropriately orientated ester carbonyl group is essential for TLR2-agonistic activity.	Esters	116-121	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	154-158
22223465-3	2012	Other features of this synthetic route include the catalytic asymmetric alkynylation of an aldehyde to synthesize the chiral ene-VCP substrate, a highly regioselective conversion of the [(5+2)+1] cycloadduct into its enol triflate, and the inversion of the inside-outside tricycle to the outside-outside structure by an ester-reduction/elimination to enol-ether/hydrogenation procedure.	Esters	320-325	valosin containing protein	Homo sapiens	129-132
22372635-4	2012	8:2 FTOH was generated with cleavage of the ester linkage of 8:2 FTS followed by a rapid decline (t(1/2) ~ 2 d) due to subsequent biodegradation.	Esters	44-49	AKT interacting protein	Homo sapiens	65-68
22372635-8	2012	Further analysis of mass spectrometry fragmentation patterns and chromatography supported the conclusion that hydrolysis of the ester linkage is predominantly the first step in the degradation of 8:2 FTS with the ultimate formation of terminal products such as PFOA.	Esters	128-133	AKT interacting protein	Homo sapiens	200-203
22154009-1	2012	Using ester bonds, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) was immobilized on the surface of a novel biometal, nickel-free high-nitrogen stainless steel (HNS).	Esters	6-11	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	19-55
22154009-1	2012	Using ester bonds, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) was immobilized on the surface of a novel biometal, nickel-free high-nitrogen stainless steel (HNS).	Esters	6-11	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	57-63
22154009-7	2012	Quantitative analysis demonstrated that immobilized VEGF-A remained even after immersion in culture medium for 7 days; however, it was gradually deimmobilized by hydrolysis of the ester bonds at the TSC-metal interface.	Esters	180-185	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	52-58
22154009-8	2012	As a result, VEGF-A-immobilized HNS significantly contributed to the stimulation of HUVEC growth for the initial stage of culture, even though the gradual reduction in growth stimulation of HUVECs occurred by the sequential deimmobilization of VEGF-A, which was caused by the hydrolysis of the ester groups.	Esters	294-299	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	13-19
22038943-4	2012	Polymorphisms in 3 genomic regions (Or22a/Or22b, Or35a, and Or47a) were identified and associated with variation in behavior to these esters.	Esters	134-140	Odorant receptor 22a	Drosophila melanogaster	36-41
22229781-3	2012	Even more remarkably, in contrast with the C-6 regioselectivity of other reactions of cellulose and its derivatives, this deacylation shows substantial selectivity for the removal of the acyl groups from the esters of the secondary alcohols at C-2 and C-3, affording cellulose-6-O-esters with high regioselectivity by a simple one-step process employing no protective groups.	Esters	208-214	complement C6	Homo sapiens	43-46
22229781-3	2012	Even more remarkably, in contrast with the C-6 regioselectivity of other reactions of cellulose and its derivatives, this deacylation shows substantial selectivity for the removal of the acyl groups from the esters of the secondary alcohols at C-2 and C-3, affording cellulose-6-O-esters with high regioselectivity by a simple one-step process employing no protective groups.	Esters	208-214	complement C2	Homo sapiens	244-255
22261097-10	2012	The stability of the ester-amide linker between the RBC and HPG was evaluated by comparing the clearance rate of (3)H-HPG60K-RBC and PKH-26 lipid fluorescent membrane marker labeled HPG60K-RBCs.	Esters	21-26	gonadotropin releasing hormone 1	Mus musculus	52-63
22260520-7	2012	MEPI-Pd was utilized for the allylic arylation/alkenylation/vinylation of allylic esters and carbonates with aryl/alkenylboronic acids, vinylboronic acid esters, and tetraaryl borates.	Esters	82-88	serpin family I member 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
22038943-4	2012	Polymorphisms in 3 genomic regions (Or22a/Or22b, Or35a, and Or47a) were identified and associated with variation in behavior to these esters.	Esters	134-140	Odorant receptor 22b	Drosophila melanogaster	42-47
22038943-4	2012	Polymorphisms in 3 genomic regions (Or22a/Or22b, Or35a, and Or47a) were identified and associated with variation in behavior to these esters.	Esters	134-140	Odorant receptor 35a	Drosophila melanogaster	49-54
22038943-4	2012	Polymorphisms in 3 genomic regions (Or22a/Or22b, Or35a, and Or47a) were identified and associated with variation in behavior to these esters.	Esters	134-140	Odorant receptor 47a	Drosophila melanogaster	60-65
22249408-5	2012	Hydrolyses studies with BChE confirmed that (R)-enantiomers of the prepared esters are much better substrates for the enzyme than (S)-enantiomers.	Esters	76-82	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	24-28
22225915-8	2012	Additionally, a comparative AutoDock study into Cox 1 and Cox2 has been done involving both of rigid and flexible docking for potential selectivity of our compounds within different Cox enzymes and to find out the binding orientation of these novel esters into their binding site.	Esters	249-255	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	48-53
22225915-8	2012	Additionally, a comparative AutoDock study into Cox 1 and Cox2 has been done involving both of rigid and flexible docking for potential selectivity of our compounds within different Cox enzymes and to find out the binding orientation of these novel esters into their binding site.	Esters	249-255	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	58-62
22193970-1	2012	Human paraoxonase 1 (huPON1) is a calcium-dependent esterase responsible for hydrolysis of a wide variety of substrates including organophosphates, esters, lactones, and paraoxon.	Esters	148-154	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	6-19
22286034-2	2012	Recently we have found that the C-terminal part of ghrelin protects the ester bond of 3-octanoyled serine from plasma esterases and plays the essential role to prolong the plasma half-life and to show its biological activity in vivo.	Esters	72-77	ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide	Rattus norvegicus	51-58
22148253-2	2012	In this regard, NSAID ester intermediates were potent and selective COX-2 inhibitors in vitro, showed equipotent anti-inflammatory activity compared to the corresponding parent NSAID, but showed a markedly reduced gastric toxicity when administered orally.	Esters	22-27	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	68-73
22087875-3	2012	MP2 calculations suggest that the first acyl transfer between the ester and sodium formamide is rate-determining.	Esters	66-71	tryptase pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
22021637-15	2012	Anteiso-FAME yield prominent ions (20-100% of base peak) corresponding to losses on both side of the methyl branch, [M-29] and [M-57], and tend to produce more prominent m/z 115 peaks corresponding to a cyclization product around the ester.	Esters	234-239	benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy 1	Homo sapiens	8-12
21414846-4	2012	In vitro studies with the ester dimethylfumarate (DMF) described an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-dependent transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced genes in human endothelial cells.	Esters	26-31	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	89-111
21414846-4	2012	In vitro studies with the ester dimethylfumarate (DMF) described an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-dependent transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced genes in human endothelial cells.	Esters	26-31	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	113-122
21414846-4	2012	In vitro studies with the ester dimethylfumarate (DMF) described an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-dependent transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced genes in human endothelial cells.	Esters	26-31	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	151-178
21414846-4	2012	In vitro studies with the ester dimethylfumarate (DMF) described an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-dependent transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced genes in human endothelial cells.	Esters	26-31	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	180-189
22040511-5	2012	Ibuprofen (IBU), a popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was co-valently (ester) bonded to the PAMAM/PCL molecules using the DCC/DMAP coupling method (DCC, N,N"-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; DMAP, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine).	Esters	82-87	DCC netrin 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	133-136
22252536-3	2012	The fatty acid components of the esters were composed of normal chain acids (from C(10) to C(14)) and of branched chain acids (from iso-C(12) to iso-C(15) and anteiso-C(15)).	Esters	33-39	chromosome 12 open reading frame 57	Homo sapiens	82-87
22252536-3	2012	The fatty acid components of the esters were composed of normal chain acids (from C(10) to C(14)) and of branched chain acids (from iso-C(12) to iso-C(15) and anteiso-C(15)).	Esters	33-39	placenta associated 8	Homo sapiens	149-154
22252536-3	2012	The fatty acid components of the esters were composed of normal chain acids (from C(10) to C(14)) and of branched chain acids (from iso-C(12) to iso-C(15) and anteiso-C(15)).	Esters	33-39	placenta associated 8	Homo sapiens	167-172
22209647-3	2012	The terminal ester derivatives of alpha1 (diacetate and dibenzoate) retained the hormonal activity, whereas a dicarbamate derivative completely suppressed the activity.	Esters	13-18	adrenoceptor alpha 1D	Homo sapiens	34-40
22568819-2	2012	This kind of O-to-N intramolecular acyl migration could be caused by the near distance between the nucleophilic nitrogen atom and the carbonyl group of the ester at C-1 in the C19-diterpenoid alkaloids, which is consistent with the conformation of rings A and E in the C19-diterpenoid alkaloids.	Esters	156-161	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	165-168
22426716-1	2012	Plant phospholipases can be grouped into four major types, phospholipase D, phospholipase C, phospholipase A1 (PLA(1)), and phospholipase A2 (PLA(2)), that hydrolyze glycerophospholipids at different ester bonds.	Esters	200-205	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	124-140
22975051-2	2012	The acyl modification of ghrelin is unique in that it takes place via a susceptible ester linkage in the conserved serine-3 of ghrelin and is composed principally of octanoyl and, to lesser extent, decanoyl fatty acids.	Esters	84-89	appetite-regulating hormone	Capra hircus	25-32
22975051-2	2012	The acyl modification of ghrelin is unique in that it takes place via a susceptible ester linkage in the conserved serine-3 of ghrelin and is composed principally of octanoyl and, to lesser extent, decanoyl fatty acids.	Esters	84-89	appetite-regulating hormone	Capra hircus	127-134
22975051-3	2012	The nature of this ester linkage makes it susceptible to esterases, which convert it to its des-acyl forms, and, if not adequately inhibited, the conversion to des-acyl ghrelin, particularly post sample collection, can lead to artifactual and misleading results.	Esters	19-24	appetite-regulating hormone	Capra hircus	169-176
22426716-1	2012	Plant phospholipases can be grouped into four major types, phospholipase D, phospholipase C, phospholipase A1 (PLA(1)), and phospholipase A2 (PLA(2)), that hydrolyze glycerophospholipids at different ester bonds.	Esters	200-205	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	142-148
22279528-4	2012	We now report that Largazole and its ester and ketone analogs selectively inhibit ubiquitin conjugation to p27(Kip1) and TRF1 in vitro.	Esters	37-42	interferon alpha inducible protein 27	Homo sapiens	107-110
22279528-4	2012	We now report that Largazole and its ester and ketone analogs selectively inhibit ubiquitin conjugation to p27(Kip1) and TRF1 in vitro.	Esters	37-42	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Homo sapiens	111-115
22279528-4	2012	We now report that Largazole and its ester and ketone analogs selectively inhibit ubiquitin conjugation to p27(Kip1) and TRF1 in vitro.	Esters	37-42	telomeric repeat binding factor 1	Homo sapiens	121-125
22204136-6	2011	These results indicated that CES2 represents the major CESs isoform in the rat complete intestine and decreased from duodenum to colon, whereas the expression of CES1 was too low to influence the metabolism of ester prodrugs.	Esters	210-215	carboxylesterase 1E	Rattus norvegicus	162-166
21911017-2	2011	Two novel linker molecules, containing an ester bond and/or a disulfide bond for temporary immobilization, were synthesized and conjugated to lysozyme.	Esters	42-47	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	142-150
21911017-7	2011	Upon hydrolysis of the ester bonds or incubation with glutathione to reduce disulfide bonds of the linker molecules that conjugate the lysozyme to the gel network, the modified lysozyme was mobilized and released from the hydrogel to the same extent as native lysozyme.	Esters	23-28	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	135-143
21911017-7	2011	Upon hydrolysis of the ester bonds or incubation with glutathione to reduce disulfide bonds of the linker molecules that conjugate the lysozyme to the gel network, the modified lysozyme was mobilized and released from the hydrogel to the same extent as native lysozyme.	Esters	23-28	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	177-185
21911017-7	2011	Upon hydrolysis of the ester bonds or incubation with glutathione to reduce disulfide bonds of the linker molecules that conjugate the lysozyme to the gel network, the modified lysozyme was mobilized and released from the hydrogel to the same extent as native lysozyme.	Esters	23-28	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	177-185
21993326-7	2011	Alkali transesterification of esterified fats resulted in a product with 97.3 wt.% ester content.	Esters	12-17	chromosome 10 open reading frame 90	Homo sapiens	41-45
22189182-14	2011	The 8, 17-epoxide of BrDs played a crucial role in the inhibition of IL-6 expression, and replacement of the C-12 hydroxyl group with longer esters in BrDs gradually decreased this inhibitory activity.	Esters	141-147	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	69-73
22171060-6	2011	We found that RPE65 was selectively expressed in human green/red cones but absent from blue cones and mediated ester hydrolysis for photopigment synthesis in vitro.	Esters	111-116	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	14-19
22007676-2	2011	In continuation of previously reported structure-activity relationships on this chemotype, we have determined that at least one acyl group of optimal length (C(16)) and an appropriately oriented ester carbonyl group is essential for TLR2-agonistic activity.	Esters	195-200	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	233-237
21698595-3	2011	In this work, we have applied the stopped-flow technique and the method of reaction progress curve fitting to extract kinetic parameters for the CPA-catalyzed hydrolyses of smaller (typical) peptide and ester substrates, known for their strong activating/inhibiting impact, thus to which the traditional method of "initial rates" is not applicable.	Esters	203-208	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	145-148
21698595-5	2011	Analysis of the obtained results allowed for: (i) the further substantiation of diverse mechanistic patterns for archetypal specific peptide and ester substrates, (ii) testing and disclosure of intrinsic links between the stabilizing/destabilizing and activating/inhibiting effects for the important model enzyme, CPA, and (iii) tentative explanation of a distinct activating/inhibiting impact of these substrates through the strong specific interaction of their benzyl (Bz) moiety with the substrate binding S(3) subsite of CPA.	Esters	145-150	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	314-317
21698595-5	2011	Analysis of the obtained results allowed for: (i) the further substantiation of diverse mechanistic patterns for archetypal specific peptide and ester substrates, (ii) testing and disclosure of intrinsic links between the stabilizing/destabilizing and activating/inhibiting effects for the important model enzyme, CPA, and (iii) tentative explanation of a distinct activating/inhibiting impact of these substrates through the strong specific interaction of their benzyl (Bz) moiety with the substrate binding S(3) subsite of CPA.	Esters	145-150	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	525-528
21698595-6	2011	We have demonstrated that stabilization of CPA either through the interaction with an extra Bz moiety (belonging to another substrate or to the product) leads to the increase of its catalytic power with respect to the specific peptide substrate and to its decrease with respect to the counterpart ester substrate.	Esters	297-302	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	43-46
21975067-2	2011	The endogenous PKC activator diacylglycerol contains two long carbon chains, which are attached to the glycerol moiety via ester linkage.	Esters	123-128	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	15-18
21802514-1	2011	Human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) can scavenge and thereby provide protection against various toxic esters, including organophosphate-based chemical warfare agents and the recreational drug cocaine.	Esters	101-107	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	6-27
21802514-1	2011	Human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) can scavenge and thereby provide protection against various toxic esters, including organophosphate-based chemical warfare agents and the recreational drug cocaine.	Esters	101-107	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	29-33
22204136-8	2011	Thus, the knowledge about the characteristic and site-specific expression of CES1 and CES2 in rat intestine will help to predict the oral bioavailability of ester prodrugs.	Esters	157-162	carboxylesterase 1E	Rattus norvegicus	77-81
22204136-8	2011	Thus, the knowledge about the characteristic and site-specific expression of CES1 and CES2 in rat intestine will help to predict the oral bioavailability of ester prodrugs.	Esters	157-162	carboxylesterase 2	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
21796287-4	2011	The assay applies p-nitrophenol octanoate (NPO) as the substrate and in the presence of lipase the ester is hydrolyzed to p-nitrophenolate which has a strong absorbance at 405 nm.	Esters	99-104	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	88-94
21868138-2	2011	In the present study, we have synthesized ester derivatives of two important PUFA viz., linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA) with propofol, a widely used general anaesthetic-sedative agent.	Esters	42-47	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	77-81
21745144-15	2011	Preliminary metabolic studies of carp reveal that ester hydrolysis of T-2 toxin in carp may not play as important a role as is the case with land animals.	Esters	50-55	solute carrier family 25 member 5	Homo sapiens	70-73
21854003-3	2011	In MPO, modified heme b is covalently bound to the protein via two ester linkages and one sulfonium ion linkage with a strong impact on its (electronic) structure and biophysical and chemical properties.	Esters	67-72	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	3-6
21823576-5	2011	Cleavage of the Roussin"s Red "ester" (mu-SPh)(2)[Fe(NO)(2)](2) with either NHC or imidazole results in the formation of (NHC-iPr)(PhS)Fe(NO)(2) (7) and (Imid-iPr)(PhS)Fe(NO)(2) (10) (Imid-iPr = 2-isopropylimidazole).	Esters	30-36	surfactant associated 3	Homo sapiens	42-45
21826775-5	2011	To provide insight in the binding mode of various Z-X(AA)-OGp esters, computational docking studies were performed.	Esters	62-68	oviductal glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
21853482-2	2011	Of the ester, methyl, hydroxymethyl and methoxymethyl disubstituted compounds prepared, 3,7-dimethyl-imipramine was found to be the most potent against the human serotonin transporter (hSERT).	Esters	7-12	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	162-183
21817801-2	2011	The syn-keto anti-ester conformations in the crystalline keto diesters are governed by electronic delocalization between the P-C and ylidic bonds and an acyl group, and by intra- and intermolecular interactions.	Esters	18-23	synemin	Homo sapiens	4-7
21675705-4	2011	WDS observations revealed that the covalently bonded POSS moieties developed a near-continuous and robust POSS-layer after initial degradation, which prevented ester bonds of PCL from enzymatic attack, thereby inhibiting further degradation.	Esters	160-165	PHD finger protein 1	Homo sapiens	175-178
21570282-4	2011	Among these esters highly potent and selective ABCG2 modulators were identified (inhibition of ABCB1 and ABCG2 determined in the calcein-AM and the Hoechst 33342 microplate assay, respectively).	Esters	12-18	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	95-100
21641217-4	2011	The prodrug ester 14 is a selective COX-2 inhibitor that exhibited AI activity (ED(50)=72.2mmol/kg po) between that of the reference drugs celecoxib (ED(50)=30.9mumol/kg po) and ibuprofen (ED(50)=327mumol/kg po).	Esters	12-17	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	36-41
21641217-6	2011	These studies indicate hybrid ester AI/NO donor prodrugs (NONO-coxibs) constitutes a plausible drug design concept targeted toward the development of selective COX-2 inhibitory AI drugs that are devoid of adverse cardiovascular effects.	Esters	30-35	non-POU domain containing octamer binding	Homo sapiens	58-62
21641217-6	2011	These studies indicate hybrid ester AI/NO donor prodrugs (NONO-coxibs) constitutes a plausible drug design concept targeted toward the development of selective COX-2 inhibitory AI drugs that are devoid of adverse cardiovascular effects.	Esters	30-35	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	160-165
21493626-8	2011	Following a 50-60% photobleach, Myo7a-mutant retinas exhibited increased all-trans-retinyl ester levels during the initial stages of dark recovery, consistent with a deficiency in RPE65 activity.	Esters	91-96	myosin VIIA	Mus musculus	32-37
21366497-7	2011	The increase rate was rapid and early saturable for C5, C5OH, C6DC, C8:1, C10DC and C18:2 esters, slower for C2, C4, C6, C18 and C18:1 esters, it was slowest and reached a late plateau for C3, C8DC, C14:2, C16 and C16:1, and finally almost gradual increase was seen for 11 acylcarnitines.	Esters	90-96	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	84-87
21570282-4	2011	Among these esters highly potent and selective ABCG2 modulators were identified (inhibition of ABCB1 and ABCG2 determined in the calcein-AM and the Hoechst 33342 microplate assay, respectively).	Esters	12-18	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	47-52
21570282-4	2011	Among these esters highly potent and selective ABCG2 modulators were identified (inhibition of ABCB1 and ABCG2 determined in the calcein-AM and the Hoechst 33342 microplate assay, respectively).	Esters	12-18	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	105-110
21524587-2	2011	Previous studies have shown that esters and amides of non-selective inhibitors such as indomethacin are selective against COX-2, which is the therapeutically relevant isoform.	Esters	33-39	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	122-127
21538760-1	2011	The O-acyl isopeptide (1) of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), which contains an ester moiety at both Ala8-Thr9 and Ser19-Ser20, was prepared by sequential segment condensation based on the O-acyl isopeptide method.	Esters	81-86	islet amyloid polypeptide	Homo sapiens	56-60
21383096-9	2011	Together, these observations indicate that the conversion of GS-9191 to cPrPMEDAP occurs in lysosomes via CatA-mediated ester cleavage, followed by the release of cPrPMEDAP, most likely through the combination of enzyme-driven and spontaneous pH-driven hydrolysis of a cPrPMEDAP-Phe intermediate.	Esters	120-125	cathepsin A	Homo sapiens	106-110
21241067-2	2011	Therefore we synthesized a novel conjugate of doxorubicin (DOX) with an EGFR-binding peptide (NH2-CMYIEALDKYAC-COOH; EBP) via an ester bond at position 14 of DOX through a glutarate spacer.	Esters	129-134	epidermal growth factor receptor	Mus musculus	72-76
21371445-4	2011	Moreover, the CEU original covalent binding by an ester linkage on beta-tubulin Glu198 and prohibitin Asp40 was maintained with Oxas.	Esters	50-55	prohibitin	Mus musculus	91-101
21241067-2	2011	Therefore we synthesized a novel conjugate of doxorubicin (DOX) with an EGFR-binding peptide (NH2-CMYIEALDKYAC-COOH; EBP) via an ester bond at position 14 of DOX through a glutarate spacer.	Esters	129-134	phenylalkylamine Ca2+ antagonist (emopamil) binding protein	Mus musculus	117-120
21402544-10	2011	CONCLUSIONS: The post-neonatal surge in CES1 expression ensures the hydrolytic capacity to be gained rapidly after birth in infants, but the larger variability during this period suggests that caution should be exercised on the extrapolated dosing regimens of ester drugs from other age groups.	Esters	260-265	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	40-44
21409566-9	2011	Functional studies on mutations targeting putative catalytic residues from the A. thaliana AtPFA-DSP1/At1g05000 protein indicated the absence of canonical amino acids acting as the general acid/base in the phosphor-ester hydrolysis, which suggests a specific mechanism of reaction for PFA-DSPs and related enzymes.	Esters	215-220	Phosphotyrosine protein phosphatases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	91-101
21286650-5	2011	Moreover, degradation of the ester-containing DS-PEI was also confirmed by GPC.	Esters	29-34	glycophorin C (Gerbich blood group)	Homo sapiens	75-78
21409566-9	2011	Functional studies on mutations targeting putative catalytic residues from the A. thaliana AtPFA-DSP1/At1g05000 protein indicated the absence of canonical amino acids acting as the general acid/base in the phosphor-ester hydrolysis, which suggests a specific mechanism of reaction for PFA-DSPs and related enzymes.	Esters	215-220	Phosphotyrosine protein phosphatases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	93-96
22778864-3	2011	BuChE can hydrolyze a wide variety of esters, including fatty acid esters of protein.	Esters	38-44	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-5
21441868-5	2011	A good correlation (R = 0.9924) was obtained between solvolytic rate constants and the polarity of the C-O2 bond of those esters.	Esters	122-128	complement C2	Homo sapiens	103-107
21187649-1	2010	We presently found that medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) with 8-12 carbons and their esters facilitated activation (phosphorylation) of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 of cultured embryonic cortical/hippocampal neurons.	Esters	85-91	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	177-225
21306895-5	2011	Compound 2db, an ester prodrug of 2da, showed good in vivo DPP-IV inhibition after oral administration in rat and dog models.	Esters	17-22	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	59-65
21428878-5	2011	In particular, ester derivatives proved to perform the best in vitro profile in terms of selectivity and activity toward COX-2.	Esters	15-20	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	121-126
21049984-10	2010	Incubation of THP1 cell lysates with small-molecule inhibitors targeting CES1 (thieno[3,2-e][1]benzothiophene-4,5-dione or JZL184) significantly reduced lipid glyceryl ester hydrolase activities (40-50% for 2AG and 80-95% for PG-Gs).	Esters	168-173	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
21049984-10	2010	Incubation of THP1 cell lysates with small-molecule inhibitors targeting CES1 (thieno[3,2-e][1]benzothiophene-4,5-dione or JZL184) significantly reduced lipid glyceryl ester hydrolase activities (40-50% for 2AG and 80-95% for PG-Gs).	Esters	168-173	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
21237253-7	2011	In addition, being pretreated with LPS, HepG2 cells altered the cellular responsiveness to ester therapeutic agents, including clopidogrel (hydrolyzed by HCE1) and irinotecan (hydrolyzed by HCE2).	Esters	91-96	RNA guanylyltransferase and 5'-phosphatase	Homo sapiens	154-158
21237253-7	2011	In addition, being pretreated with LPS, HepG2 cells altered the cellular responsiveness to ester therapeutic agents, including clopidogrel (hydrolyzed by HCE1) and irinotecan (hydrolyzed by HCE2).	Esters	91-96	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	190-194
21747717-10	2011	Lip5-DM exhibited a preference for the short-and medium-chain length p-nitrophenyl (C4 and C8 acyl group) esters rather than the long chain length p-nitrophenyl esters (C12, C16 and C18 acyl group) with highest activity observed with the C8 derivatives.	Esters	106-112	putative lipoate synthase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-4
20942492-0	2010	Cu(OTf)(2)-mediated Chan-Lam reaction of carboxylic acids to access phenolic esters.	Esters	77-83	POU class 2 homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	0-9
20945898-2	2010	The usefulness of the protocol has been demonstrated by the ready conversion of the allylated products into the corresponding alcohols, esters, and ketones with retention of stereochemistry as well as by the enantioselective synthesis of cis-3-ethyl-4-phenylpiperidine and cinnamomumolide.	Esters	136-142	suppressor of cytokine signaling 3	Homo sapiens	238-243
20968292-5	2010	These peptides are recognized as substrates by the ADP-ribosylation biochemical machinery (PARP1), can interact with the ADP-ribose binding proteins macroH2A1.1 and PARP9, and demonstrate superior enzymatic and chemical stability when compared to ester-linked ADP-ribose.	Esters	247-252	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	91-96
20968292-5	2010	These peptides are recognized as substrates by the ADP-ribosylation biochemical machinery (PARP1), can interact with the ADP-ribose binding proteins macroH2A1.1 and PARP9, and demonstrate superior enzymatic and chemical stability when compared to ester-linked ADP-ribose.	Esters	247-252	macroH2A.1 histone	Homo sapiens	149-160
20968292-5	2010	These peptides are recognized as substrates by the ADP-ribosylation biochemical machinery (PARP1), can interact with the ADP-ribose binding proteins macroH2A1.1 and PARP9, and demonstrate superior enzymatic and chemical stability when compared to ester-linked ADP-ribose.	Esters	247-252	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 9	Homo sapiens	165-170
20122907-1	2010	Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is an enzyme capable of hydrolysing a wide variety of esters including acetylcholine, a molecule involved in neurotransmission and modulation of immune cell activity.	Esters	84-90	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-21
20408045-0	2010	Suppression of TNF-alpha induced NFkappaB activity by gallic acid and its semi-synthetic esters: possible role in cancer chemoprevention.	Esters	89-95	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	15-24
20408045-0	2010	Suppression of TNF-alpha induced NFkappaB activity by gallic acid and its semi-synthetic esters: possible role in cancer chemoprevention.	Esters	89-95	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	33-41
20398640-1	2010	The combined quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical (QM/MM) based computational scheme for modeling the structure-reaction rate correlations was elaborated for the hydrolysis of the set of neutral esters in the active site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE).	Esters	198-204	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	227-247
20398640-1	2010	The combined quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical (QM/MM) based computational scheme for modeling the structure-reaction rate correlations was elaborated for the hydrolysis of the set of neutral esters in the active site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE).	Esters	198-204	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	249-253
20399761-1	2010	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE: EC 3.1.1.8) serves as a natural scavenger for a variety of drugs, poisons, and organophosphorous compounds by hydrolyzing their ester bonds.	Esters	13-18	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	23-27
20122907-1	2010	Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is an enzyme capable of hydrolysing a wide variety of esters including acetylcholine, a molecule involved in neurotransmission and modulation of immune cell activity.	Esters	84-90	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	23-28
20623318-3	2010	The present study was undertaken to develop a computational approach able to predict the hydrolysis of novel esters by human carboxylesterase hCES2.	Esters	109-115	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	142-147
20814093-2	2010	Furthermore, the carbonyl group acts as a double H-atom acceptor in the formation of a second, weaker, hydrogen bond of the type C-H...O=C [C...O = 3.283 (2) A] with the methyl group of the ester group of a second neighbouring molecule at (x, -y - 1/2, z - 1/2).	Esters	190-195	RNA, Ro60-associated Y1	Homo sapiens	243-260
20849861-4	2010	KEY FINDINGS: Incubation of H4IIE hepatoma cells with the ester form of fenofibrate increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and decreased PEPCK mRNA expression and glucose production.	Esters	58-63	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	117-121
20849861-4	2010	KEY FINDINGS: Incubation of H4IIE hepatoma cells with the ester form of fenofibrate increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and decreased PEPCK mRNA expression and glucose production.	Esters	58-63	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	169-174
20509131-0	2010	Design and folding of [GluA4(ObetaThrB30)]insulin ("ester insulin"): a minimal proinsulin surrogate that can be chemically converted into human insulin.	Esters	52-57	insulin	Homo sapiens	42-49
20591421-3	2010	Ester analogues 30a, 31a, and 61 showed activity for IFNgamma and IL-4 production of iNKT cells, while ether (31b) and 4-methoxy ester (76) analogues of alpha-galactosylceramide were not active for iNKT cells.	Esters	0-5	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	53-61
20591421-3	2010	Ester analogues 30a, 31a, and 61 showed activity for IFNgamma and IL-4 production of iNKT cells, while ether (31b) and 4-methoxy ester (76) analogues of alpha-galactosylceramide were not active for iNKT cells.	Esters	0-5	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	66-70
20593759-3	2010	The ability of 2a (and its methyl ester 9) to bind to PPAR-gamma in a ligand-binding assay is reported.	Esters	34-39	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	54-64
20597474-3	2010	The reaction of optically active allylic esters took place with excellent alpha-to-gamma chirality transfer with syn stereochemistry to give chiral allylsilanes.	Esters	41-47	synemin	Homo sapiens	113-116
20509131-0	2010	Design and folding of [GluA4(ObetaThrB30)]insulin ("ester insulin"): a minimal proinsulin surrogate that can be chemically converted into human insulin.	Esters	52-57	insulin	Homo sapiens	58-66
20509131-0	2010	Design and folding of [GluA4(ObetaThrB30)]insulin ("ester insulin"): a minimal proinsulin surrogate that can be chemically converted into human insulin.	Esters	52-57	insulin	Homo sapiens	58-65
21579217-3	2010	The C=O and O-CH(3) bonds of the ester group are in syn positions with respect to each other.	Esters	33-38	synemin	Homo sapiens	52-55
20557099-6	2010	Herein we tested various thiadiazole carbamates, amides, esters, and ketones for inhibition of LAL.	Esters	57-63	lipase A, lysosomal acid type	Homo sapiens	95-98
20565789-9	2010	Mono- or diferuloyl esters with various aliphatic or polyol groups readily copolymerized with monolignols, but in some cases they accelerated inactivation of wall-bound peroxidase and reduced lignification; cell wall degradability was influenced by lignin content and the degree of ester group hydroxylation.	Esters	20-25	peroxidase 1	Zea mays	169-179
20042216-5	2010	Esters 1 and 3 significantly reduced thrombin-evoked platelet aggregation, which is likely mediated to the attenuation of thrombin-stimulated Ca(2+) release and entry.	Esters	0-6	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	37-45
20042216-5	2010	Esters 1 and 3 significantly reduced thrombin-evoked platelet aggregation, which is likely mediated to the attenuation of thrombin-stimulated Ca(2+) release and entry.	Esters	0-6	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	122-130
20132313-3	2010	Herein, we report the effects of gallic acid derivatives with substitutions either on the ester moiety or in the benzene ring on the activity of Pdr5p.	Esters	90-95	ATP-binding cassette multidrug transporter PDR5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	145-150
20417682-1	2010	Human serum Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an important enzyme in detoxification with its capacity for hydrolyzing esters.	Esters	116-122	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	12-33
20417682-1	2010	Human serum Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an important enzyme in detoxification with its capacity for hydrolyzing esters.	Esters	116-122	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	35-39
20446735-2	2010	We compared and combined modifications to enhance P2Y(6) receptor agonist selectivity, including ribose ring constraint, 5-iodo and 4-alkyloxyimino modifications, and phosphate modifications such as alpha,beta-methylene and extension of the terminal phosphate group into gamma-esters of UTP analogues.	Esters	277-283	pyrimidinergic receptor P2Y6	Homo sapiens	50-65
20399201-1	2010	The role of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the termination of the cholinergic response through acetylcholine (ACh) hydrolysis and the involvement of plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), mainly of hepatic origin, in the metabolism of xenobiotics with ester bonds is well known.	Esters	24-29	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
20405834-7	2010	Furthermore, it was demonstrated that 7-hydroxyraloxifene, which was previously believed to be a typical O(2)-derived metabolite of CYP3A4, is in fact produced by a highly unusual hydrolysis pathway from a putative ester, formed by the conjugation of raloxifene diquinone methide with a carboxylic acid moiety of CYP3A4, or other proteins in the reconstituted system.	Esters	215-220	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	132-138
20405834-7	2010	Furthermore, it was demonstrated that 7-hydroxyraloxifene, which was previously believed to be a typical O(2)-derived metabolite of CYP3A4, is in fact produced by a highly unusual hydrolysis pathway from a putative ester, formed by the conjugation of raloxifene diquinone methide with a carboxylic acid moiety of CYP3A4, or other proteins in the reconstituted system.	Esters	215-220	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	313-319
20379600-1	2010	We have successfully developed a new cell-permeable SNARF derivative that is activated inside the cell by ester hydrolysis and is notable for having reduced background fluorescence.	Esters	106-111	small NF90 (ILF3) associated RNA F	Homo sapiens	52-57
19945920-4	2010	PON1 displays two distinct catalytic behaviors, one against esters and lactones, the other against organophosphorus compounds; its functional states and catalytic activities against these substrates are differently modulated by the molecular environment; PON1 exists under several active multimeric forms; the binding of HPBP amends the size of the oligomeric states and exerts a stabilizing effect on the activities of PON1; PON1 functional properties are modulated by HPBP, calcium and phosphate.	Esters	60-66	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
20388790-4	2010	The components of the pharmacophore necessary for binding Nur77 included the benzene ring, the phenolic hydroxyl group, and the acyl chain of the Csn-B scaffold, whereas the key feature for activating the biological function of Nur77 was the ester group.	Esters	242-247	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
19965601-3	2010	The liberated cholesterol flows into the cytosolic ester pool, suppresses sterol synthesis, down-regulates SREBP2 and its target genes, and reduces expression of macrophage-associated inflammatory genes.	Esters	18-23	sterol regulatory element binding factor 2	Mus musculus	107-113
19969449-1	2010	The ability of a non-commercial immobilized Staphylococcus aureus lipase to catalyze the esterification of eugenol with benzoic acid was checked and the antioxidant power of the ester formed was evaluated.	Esters	89-94	lipase	Staphylococcus aureus	66-72
20083229-8	2010	Fatty acid composition analysis of natural MGDG, DGDG and their lipolysis products revealed that PLRP2 only hydrolyzed one ester bond at the sn-1 position of galactolipids.	Esters	123-128	pancreatic lipase-related protein 2	Cavia porcellus	97-102
20177059-8	2010	The recombinant CMBL also converted other prodrugs having the same ester structure as OM, faropenem medoxomil and lenampicillin, to their active metabolites.	Esters	67-72	carboxymethylenebutenolidase homolog	Homo sapiens	16-20
20177059-11	2010	We report for the first time that CMBL serves as a key enzyme in the bioactivation of OM, hydrolyzing the ester bond of the prodrug type xenobiotics.	Esters	106-111	carboxymethylenebutenolidase homolog	Homo sapiens	34-38
19761256-3	2010	It was found that the difference in the solubility of P1 and P2 against ethanol, which was used as the solvent for PAAm, during the LbL deposition yields different reaction conversion for the activated esters in either P1 or P2: the reaction conversion of P2 is higher than the conversion with P1.	Esters	202-208	crystallin gamma F, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	54-63
20112354-8	2010	The residues with N-terminal methylated amide and a C-terminal ester bond prefer the conformations beta, beta2, and interestingly, the conformation alpha(L).	Esters	63-68	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	105-110
20449256-2	2010	A tetramer ODF of pyrene deoxynucleosides displayed high quenching efficiency when conjugated via ester linkages with a dabcyl quencher, and yielded large signal increases with several enzymes in vitro and in intact human cells.	Esters	98-103	outer dense fiber of sperm tails 1	Homo sapiens	11-14
20004171-11	2010	Butyrylcholinesterase displays complex kinetic behavior including activation by positively charged esters, ability to hydrolyze amides, and a lag time (hysteresis) preceding hydrolysis of benzoylcholine and N-methylindoxyl acetate.	Esters	99-105	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-21
20067289-4	2010	Within the new series tested, compounds having an aldehyde or imine at C-9 and an ester at C-9" were the most potent, with GI(50) values in the nM range, some of them being several times more potent against HT-29 and A-549 carcinoma than against MB-231 melanoma cells.	Esters	82-87	complement C9	Homo sapiens	91-94
19761256-3	2010	It was found that the difference in the solubility of P1 and P2 against ethanol, which was used as the solvent for PAAm, during the LbL deposition yields different reaction conversion for the activated esters in either P1 or P2: the reaction conversion of P2 is higher than the conversion with P1.	Esters	202-208	crystallin gamma F, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	219-227
20022493-1	2010	A variety of N-linked tertiary amines and heteroarylamines were examined at the 4-position of sulfonylated proline dipeptides in order to improve VLA-4 receptor off-rates and overcome the issue of CYP3A4 time-dependent inhibition of ester prodrugs.	Esters	233-238	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	197-203
19876776-6	2010	It presents a high lipase activity at pH 9.0 and 42 degrees C for p-nitrophenyl acetate and p-nitrophenyl butyrate, among seven different esters assayed (pNPC(2), pNPC(4), pNPC(10), pNPC(12), pNPC(14), pNPC(16), pNPC(18)).	Esters	138-144	YSIRK-type signal peptide-containing protein	Staphylococcus xylosus	19-25
19679306-11	2010	The saturation of the A ring of cholesterol increased ester formation by ACAT by 29% and decreased the esterification by LCAT by 5.9%.	Esters	36-41	acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	73-77
20017485-6	2010	In contrast, lipase B from Candida antarctica catalyzes the acylation of the phenolic group 4"-OH with 80% yield and negligible formation of higher esters.	Esters	148-154	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	13-19
20044302-8	2010	Peak area of parent ester FA-21-PhP was used for solvolysis monitoring to ensure the initial stage of changes.	Esters	20-25	N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
19906643-6	2010	In the presence of 1 mM NAD, Alda-1 stimulated ALDH2*2-catalyzed ester hydrolysis 73-fold, whereas the NAD-stimulated activity of ALDH2*1 was inhibited because of 20-fold increased inhibitory potency of NAD in the presence of the drug.	Esters	65-70	aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate A	Homo sapiens	29-33
19906643-6	2010	In the presence of 1 mM NAD, Alda-1 stimulated ALDH2*2-catalyzed ester hydrolysis 73-fold, whereas the NAD-stimulated activity of ALDH2*1 was inhibited because of 20-fold increased inhibitory potency of NAD in the presence of the drug.	Esters	65-70	aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member	Homo sapiens	47-52
19679306-11	2010	The saturation of the A ring of cholesterol increased ester formation by ACAT by 29% and decreased the esterification by LCAT by 5.9%.	Esters	36-41	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	121-125
20593470-0	2010	Synthesis and characterization of ester-based prodrugs of glucagon-like peptide 1.	Esters	34-39	glucagon	Homo sapiens	58-81
19932971-3	2010	The present study was undertaken to develop a computational approach able to predict the hydrolysis of novel esters by human carboxylesterase hCES1.	Esters	109-115	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	142-147
20593470-5	2010	We designed, synthesized, and characterized ester-based prodrugs of GLP that differentially convert to the parent drug under physiological conditions driven by their inherent chemical instability.	Esters	44-49	glucagon	Homo sapiens	68-71
20513971-3	2010	Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))-mediated ester synthesis was employed to introduce the PUFAs into the sn-2 position of lysophospholipid (LPL) to yield PUFA-containing PLs.	Esters	37-42	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-18
20513971-3	2010	Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))-mediated ester synthesis was employed to introduce the PUFAs into the sn-2 position of lysophospholipid (LPL) to yield PUFA-containing PLs.	Esters	37-42	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	20-26
20513971-3	2010	Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))-mediated ester synthesis was employed to introduce the PUFAs into the sn-2 position of lysophospholipid (LPL) to yield PUFA-containing PLs.	Esters	37-42	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	83-87
19779130-3	2010	The data presented here describe the cellular pharmacology of the acid and ester forms of the nicotinamide glycolate pharmacophore, a potent antagonist of CXCR2 signaling by the chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8.	Esters	75-80	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	155-160
19779130-3	2010	The data presented here describe the cellular pharmacology of the acid and ester forms of the nicotinamide glycolate pharmacophore, a potent antagonist of CXCR2 signaling by the chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8.	Esters	75-80	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	189-194
20352925-3	2009	In comparison with VBIm-NTf2, PVBIm-NTf2 exhibits much better thermal stability and chromatographic selectivity, and achieves satisfactory resolution for Grob test mixture, alcohols mixture, esters mixture and aromatics mixture with narrow and symmetric peak shapes.	Esters	191-197	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	36-40
19779130-3	2010	The data presented here describe the cellular pharmacology of the acid and ester forms of the nicotinamide glycolate pharmacophore, a potent antagonist of CXCR2 signaling by the chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8.	Esters	75-80	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	199-204
19779130-4	2010	Ester forms of the nicotinamide glycolate antagonized CXCL1-stimulated chemotaxis (IC(50) = 42 nM) and calcium flux (IC(50) = 48 nM) in human neutrophils, but they were inactive in cell-free assays of (125)I-CXCL8/CXCR2 binding and CXCL1-stimulated guanosine 5"-O-(3-[(35)S]thio)triphosphate ([(35)S]GTPgammaS) exchange.	Esters	0-5	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
19779130-4	2010	Ester forms of the nicotinamide glycolate antagonized CXCL1-stimulated chemotaxis (IC(50) = 42 nM) and calcium flux (IC(50) = 48 nM) in human neutrophils, but they were inactive in cell-free assays of (125)I-CXCL8/CXCR2 binding and CXCL1-stimulated guanosine 5"-O-(3-[(35)S]thio)triphosphate ([(35)S]GTPgammaS) exchange.	Esters	0-5	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	208-213
19779130-4	2010	Ester forms of the nicotinamide glycolate antagonized CXCL1-stimulated chemotaxis (IC(50) = 42 nM) and calcium flux (IC(50) = 48 nM) in human neutrophils, but they were inactive in cell-free assays of (125)I-CXCL8/CXCR2 binding and CXCL1-stimulated guanosine 5"-O-(3-[(35)S]thio)triphosphate ([(35)S]GTPgammaS) exchange.	Esters	0-5	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	214-219
19779130-4	2010	Ester forms of the nicotinamide glycolate antagonized CXCL1-stimulated chemotaxis (IC(50) = 42 nM) and calcium flux (IC(50) = 48 nM) in human neutrophils, but they were inactive in cell-free assays of (125)I-CXCL8/CXCR2 binding and CXCL1-stimulated guanosine 5"-O-(3-[(35)S]thio)triphosphate ([(35)S]GTPgammaS) exchange.	Esters	0-5	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1	Homo sapiens	232-237
19951915-6	2009	However, surprisingly, Ube2j2-mK3 preferentially promotes ubiquitination of hydroxylated amino acids via ester bonds even when lysine residues are present on wild-type substrates, thus establishing physiological relevance of this novel ubiquitination strategy.	Esters	105-110	ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2J 2	Mus musculus	23-29
19951915-6	2009	However, surprisingly, Ube2j2-mK3 preferentially promotes ubiquitination of hydroxylated amino acids via ester bonds even when lysine residues are present on wild-type substrates, thus establishing physiological relevance of this novel ubiquitination strategy.	Esters	105-110	mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	30-33
19821575-7	2009	Antagonist 12 elicited a rapid and transient increase in circulating levels of PTH following oral dosing of the ester prodrug 11 in the dog.	Esters	112-117	parathyroid hormone	Canis lupus familiaris	79-82
20072839-1	2010	Temsirolimus, an ester of sirolimus (rapamycin), selectively inhibits the kinase mammalian target of rapamycin and consequently blocks the translation of cell cycle regulatory proteins and prevents overexpression of angiogenic growth factors.	Esters	17-22	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	81-110
19747846-3	2009	This preferential migration (substantiated by deuterium labeling) acts significantly in the case of monounsaturated fatty acid methyl and trimethylsilyl esters possessing a methyl branch localized between the penultimate and the C(4) positions (relative to the ester group), whatever the position of the double-bond.	Esters	153-158	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	229-233
19545876-2	2009	In Sil-VOD23, the octadecyl side chains were connected to the polymer main chain through ester linkage in opposite direction to that in poly(octadecylacrylate)-grafted silica (Sil-ODAn, n=25) which has been reported by us.	Esters	89-94	STIL centriolar assembly protein	Homo sapiens	3-6
20047214-2	2009	METHODS: The generic hapten O, O-dimethyl-O-(4-carboxyphenyl)ester (HP) was synthesized by the reaction between O, O-Dimethyl phosphorochloridothionate and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester, and then conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) by active ester method for immunogens and ovalbumin (OVA) by mixed anhydride reaction for coating antigens.	Esters	61-66	albumin	Homo sapiens	222-235
19560175-8	2009	Similar steps are involved in the biosyntheses of rosmarinic, chlorogenic and caffeoylshikimic acids: the transfer of the 4-coumaroyl moiety to an acceptor molecule by a hydroxycinnamoyltransferase from the BAHD acyltransferase family and the meta-hydroxylation of the 4-coumaroyl moiety in the ester by a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase from the CYP98A family.	Esters	295-300	cytochrome P450 family 20 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	306-335
19068472-9	2009	XPS and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed that NGF immobilized via the active ester on the PPy-NSE(50) film was stable for up to 5 days in phosphate-buffered saline solution.	Esters	88-93	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
19464305-2	2009	Effective impairment of cholesterol absorption by PE suggests that these esters are hydrolyzed by the pancreatic cholesterol esterase (CEase, EC 3.1.1.13) and the liberated sterol may interfere with cholesterol reducing its intestinal absorption.	Esters	73-79	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	102-133
19464305-2	2009	Effective impairment of cholesterol absorption by PE suggests that these esters are hydrolyzed by the pancreatic cholesterol esterase (CEase, EC 3.1.1.13) and the liberated sterol may interfere with cholesterol reducing its intestinal absorption.	Esters	73-79	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	135-140
19068472-0	2009	Neuroactive conducting scaffolds: nerve growth factor conjugation on active ester-functionalized polypyrrole.	Esters	76-81	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	34-53
19068472-9	2009	XPS and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed that NGF immobilized via the active ester on the PPy-NSE(50) film was stable for up to 5 days in phosphate-buffered saline solution.	Esters	88-93	enolase 2	Rattus norvegicus	105-108
19068472-7	2009	8 S cm(-1)) and presents active ester groups for NGF immobilization.	Esters	32-37	nerve growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	49-52
19774663-6	2009	Both strains overexpressed the two heterologous genes pyruvate carboxylase and alcohol acetyltransferase (for ester production).	Esters	110-115	acetyltransferase	Escherichia coli	87-104
19594412-6	2009	The activity of these compounds, exemplified by cis-1,2-diacetoxy-1,2-dihydrobenzo[b]acronycine (49), developed in phase I clinical trials under the code S23906-1, was correlated with their ability to give covalent adducts with DNA, involving reaction between the N-2 amino group of guanines in the minor groove and the ester group at the benzylic position of the drug.	Esters	320-325	suppressor of cytokine signaling 1	Homo sapiens	48-53
19727521-6	2009	CES7 as carboxylesterase might be involved in ester hydrolysis, sperm maturation, and storage in male reproductive tract.	Esters	16-21	carboxylesterase 5A	Homo sapiens	0-4
20033440-9	2009	EXL4 is similar to GDSL lipases, and we show that it functions in hydrolyzing ester bonds.	Esters	78-83	extracellular lipase 4	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
19572640-3	2009	Hydrolysis of ester bonds of the PLLA in PRX was prevented due to the supramolecular structure.	Esters	14-19	periaxin	Homo sapiens	41-44
19531064-5	2009	Interestingly, mK3 mediates ubiquitin conjugation via ester bonds to S or T residues in addition to conventional isopeptide linkages to K residues.	Esters	54-59	mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	15-18
19394314-1	2009	The enzyme group-VIIA phospholipase A2 (gVIIA-PLA2) is bound to lipoproteins in human blood and hydrolyzes the ester bond at the sn-2 position of phospholipid substrates with a short sn-2 chain.	Esters	111-116	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	11-38
19394314-1	2009	The enzyme group-VIIA phospholipase A2 (gVIIA-PLA2) is bound to lipoproteins in human blood and hydrolyzes the ester bond at the sn-2 position of phospholipid substrates with a short sn-2 chain.	Esters	111-116	phospholipase A2 group VII	Homo sapiens	40-50
19500994-7	2009	These studies indicate hybrid ester AI/NO donor prodrugs of this type (NONO-coxibs) constitute a plausible drug design concept targeted toward the development of selective COX-2 inhibitory AI drugs that are devoid of adverse cardiovascular effects.	Esters	30-35	non-POU domain containing octamer binding	Homo sapiens	71-75
21583704-3	2009	Furthermore, the C=O and O-CH(2) bonds of the ester group are syn with respect to each other.	Esters	46-51	synemin	Homo sapiens	62-65
19500994-7	2009	These studies indicate hybrid ester AI/NO donor prodrugs of this type (NONO-coxibs) constitute a plausible drug design concept targeted toward the development of selective COX-2 inhibitory AI drugs that are devoid of adverse cardiovascular effects.	Esters	30-35	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	172-177
19593439-3	2009	Unexpectedly, the enzymatic evaluation of the substrates attached on solid-phase by means of the HMBA linker were cleaved through the ester bond, thereby suggesting an unknown esterase activity of POP, in addition to its known peptidase activity.	Esters	134-139	prolyl endopeptidase	Homo sapiens	197-200
19405528-7	2009	Thus, during these experiments, the esters were hydrolyzed, releasing 17-AAG.	Esters	36-42	N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	73-76
19433586-2	2009	Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) have the capacity to hydrolyze in vitro the first ester bond of triglycerides, but their respective contributions to whole cell lipolysis in human adipocytes is unclear.	Esters	120-125	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	0-27
19433586-2	2009	Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) have the capacity to hydrolyze in vitro the first ester bond of triglycerides, but their respective contributions to whole cell lipolysis in human adipocytes is unclear.	Esters	120-125	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
19433586-2	2009	Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) have the capacity to hydrolyze in vitro the first ester bond of triglycerides, but their respective contributions to whole cell lipolysis in human adipocytes is unclear.	Esters	120-125	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Homo sapiens	39-63
19433586-2	2009	Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) have the capacity to hydrolyze in vitro the first ester bond of triglycerides, but their respective contributions to whole cell lipolysis in human adipocytes is unclear.	Esters	120-125	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Homo sapiens	65-68
19319983-8	2009	Among women, the risk was increased for the group "other solvents" that includes mainly alcohols, ketones, esters and glycol ethers (RR 2.73, 95% CI 1.21-6.16).	Esters	107-113	ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2	Homo sapiens	133-137
21706548-4	2009	Additional secondary microstructural analysis by DSC shows a recoverable endothermic melt transition of polyethylene-like lamellae crystallites of the directly attached ester while completely amorphous behavior is observed when the ester is spaced away from the backbone with an aromatic group.	Esters	169-174	desmocollin 3	Homo sapiens	49-52
19285387-0	2009	Production, partial purification and characterization of organic solvent tolerant lipase from Burkholderia multivorans V2 and its application for ester synthesis.	Esters	146-151	DM80_RS12985	Burkholderia multivorans	82-88
19419861-3	2009	The ester prodrugs (12a-c, 14a-c), which did not inhibit the COX-1 isozyme, exhibited modest inhibitory activity against the COX-2 isozyme.	Esters	4-9	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	125-130
19398345-8	2009	In addition, docking of the mutual ester prodrugs (6-8) into COX-2 active site was conducted in order to predict the affinity and orientation of these prodrugs at the enzyme active site.	Esters	35-40	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	61-66
19329666-9	2009	The production of higher alcohols and esters, which was slightly decreased or unchanged in GPD1 ald6 cells compared to that in the control cells, was not further modified in BDH1 cells.	Esters	38-44	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) GPD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	91-95
19361196-2	2009	Binding of 4alpha-phorbol esters occurs in a loop in the TM3-TM4 domain of TRPV4 that is analogous to the capsaicin binding site of TRPV1, and the ester decoration of ring C and the A,B ring junction are critical for activity.	Esters	26-31	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	75-80
19361196-2	2009	Binding of 4alpha-phorbol esters occurs in a loop in the TM3-TM4 domain of TRPV4 that is analogous to the capsaicin binding site of TRPV1, and the ester decoration of ring C and the A,B ring junction are critical for activity.	Esters	26-31	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	132-137
19361196-3	2009	The lipophilic ester groups on ring C serve mainly as a steering element, affecting the orientation of the diterpenoid core into the ligand binding pocket, while the nature of the A,B ring junction plays an essential role in the Ca(2+)-dependence of the TRPV4 response.	Esters	15-20	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	Homo sapiens	254-259
19329666-9	2009	The production of higher alcohols and esters, which was slightly decreased or unchanged in GPD1 ald6 cells compared to that in the control cells, was not further modified in BDH1 cells.	Esters	38-44	aldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) ALD6	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	96-100
19268918-3	2009	On the other hand, hydrogenation of aldol product 4 afforded polyhydroxylated keto-carbasugar 6, which on mild acid treatment and ester hydrolysis in basic media led to catechuic acid 1.	Esters	130-135	mediator complex subunit 25	Homo sapiens	179-185
19678540-4	2009	Three of them, 1, 2 and 6, showed obvious activity to inhibit the production of IL-18, especially the ester saponins with a sugar chain at C-28, 6.	Esters	102-107	interleukin 18	Homo sapiens	80-85
19405066-1	2009	Probing the sheet: The network of hydrogen bonds formed in the outer beta sheet of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR; see figure) is fairly robust and tolerates single amide-to-ester mutations throughout.	Esters	187-192	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	87-119
19405066-1	2009	Probing the sheet: The network of hydrogen bonds formed in the outer beta sheet of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR; see figure) is fairly robust and tolerates single amide-to-ester mutations throughout.	Esters	187-192	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	121-126
19263049-5	2009	Wort oxygenation had a significant decreasing effect on the formation of esters, which was caused by a decreased expression of the alcohol acetyl transferase gene ATF1, compared with the other conditions.	Esters	73-79	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	163-167
19421516-1	2009	The X-ray single-crystal structure of methyl 2-aminoisobutyrate hydrochloride (Me-AIB), a non-standard amino acid, is reported at 10, 30, 50, 70 and 100 K. Fourier maps indicate the presence of rotational disorder of the hydrogen atoms of the ester methyl group.	Esters	243-248	ANIB1	Homo sapiens	82-85
19158314-0	2009	CYP3A4-mediated ester cleavage as the major metabolic pathway of the oral taxane 3"-tert-butyl-3"-N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-4-deacetyl-3"-dephenyl-3"-N-debenzoyl-4-O-methoxycarbonyl-paclitaxel (BMS-275183).	Esters	16-21	cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4	Homo sapiens	0-6
19158314-3	2009	Unlike the other taxanes, the hydrolysis of this ester bond leads to formation of a free baccatin core (M13) that was the major metabolism pathway in incubations of [(14)C]BMS-275183 in human liver microsomes (HLMs) in the presence of NADPH, but it was not formed in incubations with human liver cytosol or HLM in the absence of NADPH.	Esters	49-54	oxysterol binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	210-213
19015960-2	2009	METHODS: Two types of heparin-paclitaxel conjugates (HD) have been developed, in which O-acetylated heparin as carrier conjugates with paclitaxel by direct ester bond (HD1) and by inserting different amino acids as spacers, including valine, leucine, and phenylalanine (HD2a, HD2b, and HD2c), respectively.	Esters	156-161	histone deacetylase 1	Homo sapiens	168-171
19204084-1	2009	We describe the design of a potent and selective peptidomimetic inhibitor of geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTI), GGTI-2418, and its methyl ester GGTI-2417, which increases the levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p27(Kip1) and induces breast tumor regression in vivo.	Esters	139-144	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Mus musculus	230-233
19204084-1	2009	We describe the design of a potent and selective peptidomimetic inhibitor of geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTI), GGTI-2418, and its methyl ester GGTI-2417, which increases the levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p27(Kip1) and induces breast tumor regression in vivo.	Esters	139-144	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B	Mus musculus	234-238
19215105-2	2009	Hydrolysis of the ester with methanol and basic alumina provides, in good to excellent overall yield, a 5-hydroxycyclopent-2-enone in which the alcohol is predominantly trans to a substituent at C-4.	Esters	18-23	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	195-198
19226157-1	2009	We report here that the monodentate complexation of Me2AlCl to an ester group significantly enhances the selectivity of hydrogen transfer on acyclic radicals flanked by both an ester functionality and a stereogenic center, leading to C-2,C-3-anti products with high diastereoselectivity.	Esters	66-71	malic enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	52-55
19226157-1	2009	We report here that the monodentate complexation of Me2AlCl to an ester group significantly enhances the selectivity of hydrogen transfer on acyclic radicals flanked by both an ester functionality and a stereogenic center, leading to C-2,C-3-anti products with high diastereoselectivity.	Esters	66-71	complement C2	Homo sapiens	234-237
19226157-1	2009	We report here that the monodentate complexation of Me2AlCl to an ester group significantly enhances the selectivity of hydrogen transfer on acyclic radicals flanked by both an ester functionality and a stereogenic center, leading to C-2,C-3-anti products with high diastereoselectivity.	Esters	66-71	complement C3	Homo sapiens	238-241
19226157-1	2009	We report here that the monodentate complexation of Me2AlCl to an ester group significantly enhances the selectivity of hydrogen transfer on acyclic radicals flanked by both an ester functionality and a stereogenic center, leading to C-2,C-3-anti products with high diastereoselectivity.	Esters	177-182	malic enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	52-55
19226157-1	2009	We report here that the monodentate complexation of Me2AlCl to an ester group significantly enhances the selectivity of hydrogen transfer on acyclic radicals flanked by both an ester functionality and a stereogenic center, leading to C-2,C-3-anti products with high diastereoselectivity.	Esters	177-182	complement C2	Homo sapiens	234-237
19226157-1	2009	We report here that the monodentate complexation of Me2AlCl to an ester group significantly enhances the selectivity of hydrogen transfer on acyclic radicals flanked by both an ester functionality and a stereogenic center, leading to C-2,C-3-anti products with high diastereoselectivity.	Esters	177-182	complement C3	Homo sapiens	238-241
18524421-5	2009	Attempts to replace the ester group at C-3 position of isoxazoline with a variety of bioisosteric head groups led to significant loss of the tuberculosis inhibition indicating that an ester is required for anti-tuberculosis activity.	Esters	24-29	complement C3	Homo sapiens	39-42
19206234-4	2009	Among relatively hard acids, Fe(OTf)(3) was the best catalyst, which is also the case for ester formation from carboxylic acids and olefins.	Esters	90-95	POU class 5 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	29-38
19252310-0	2009	The pH-dependent formation of PEGylated bovine lactoferrin by branched polyethylene glycol (PEG)-N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) active esters.	Esters	131-137	lactotransferrin	Bos taurus	47-58
19022936-2	2009	The conversion of oseltamivir to its active metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate is dependent on ester hydrolysis mediated by carboxylesterase 1 (CES1).	Esters	95-100	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	124-142
19022936-2	2009	The conversion of oseltamivir to its active metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate is dependent on ester hydrolysis mediated by carboxylesterase 1 (CES1).	Esters	95-100	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	144-148
18479784-2	2009	Various derivatizations of the ester moiety in the parent compound led to a small library of derivatives (2R,3R and 2S,3S) which displayed interesting inhibitory activities towards the human tumor-associated isoform CA IX.	Esters	31-36	carbonic anhydrase 9	Homo sapiens	216-221
19721818-6	2009	In vitro studies with the ester dimethyl fumarate (DMF) described an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-dependent transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced genes in human endothelial cells.	Esters	26-31	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	90-112
19721818-6	2009	In vitro studies with the ester dimethyl fumarate (DMF) described an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-dependent transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced genes in human endothelial cells.	Esters	26-31	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	114-123
19721818-6	2009	In vitro studies with the ester dimethyl fumarate (DMF) described an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-dependent transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced genes in human endothelial cells.	Esters	26-31	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	152-179
19721818-6	2009	In vitro studies with the ester dimethyl fumarate (DMF) described an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-dependent transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced genes in human endothelial cells.	Esters	26-31	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	181-190
22893922-10	2009	In addition to the expected dissociation products, some of the trajectories also lead to the formation of an ester-like product, prop-1-en-2-yl acetate radical cation.	Esters	109-114	PROP paired-like homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	129-135
18524421-5	2009	Attempts to replace the ester group at C-3 position of isoxazoline with a variety of bioisosteric head groups led to significant loss of the tuberculosis inhibition indicating that an ester is required for anti-tuberculosis activity.	Esters	184-189	complement C3	Homo sapiens	39-42
19091563-4	2009	Amide, amine and ester elements have been used generally to maintain or slightly shift affinity at dopamine D(2)-like receptors (D2 and D3), to decrease affinity at histamine H(1) receptors, and to obtain H3R ligands with low nanomolar or subnanomolar affinity.	Esters	17-22	immunoglobulin heavy diversity 2-15	Homo sapiens	129-138
19062296-12	2009	This finding was successfully applied to examine substrate selectivity, demonstrating that the relative volumes of the alcohol and acid moieties of ester-containing substrates were predictive for whether hydrolysis was preferred by hiCE or hCE1.	Esters	148-153	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	240-244
19508180-2	2009	No clear physiological function has yet been assigned to BuChE, but it is a pharmacologically and toxicologically important enzyme that plays a role in degradation of numerous ester-containing drugs and poisonous esters.	Esters	176-181	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	57-62
19508180-2	2009	No clear physiological function has yet been assigned to BuChE, but it is a pharmacologically and toxicologically important enzyme that plays a role in degradation of numerous ester-containing drugs and poisonous esters.	Esters	213-219	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	57-62
18820257-4	2008	The result showed that the C-terminal Asp residue of the heavy chains forms an ester bond to Ser(28) beta-carbon of TSG-6 suggesting that this residue plays a role during catalysis.	Esters	79-84	TNF alpha induced protein 6	Homo sapiens	116-121
18975951-1	2008	Human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE) hydrolyzes or scavenges a wide range of toxic esters, including heroin, cocaine, carbamate pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, and nerve agents.	Esters	82-88	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	29-34
19049700-1	2008	AIM: Oseltamivir, an ester prodrug of its active carboxylate metabolite, is an effective neuraminidase inhibitor used to treat influenza A and B virus infections.	Esters	21-26	neuraminidase 1	Homo sapiens	89-102
18947256-3	2008	Complexes of the ligands with Mg(NTf2)2 were evaluated as promoters of enantioselective radical conjugate additions to alpha,beta-unsaturated alpha-nitro amides and esters.	Esters	165-171	nuclear transport factor 2	Homo sapiens	33-37
19002082-1	2008	Phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ester linkage between glycerol and phosphate in phosphocholine (PC) and other phosphatides, such as sphingomylin (SM) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE).	Esters	86-91	heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2	Homo sapiens	49-52
18930406-7	2008	These studies indicate hybrid ester AI/NO-donor prodrugs (NONO-coxibs) constitutes a plausible drug design concept targeted toward the development of selective COX-2 inhibitory AI drugs that are devoid of adverse cardiovascular effects.	Esters	30-35	non-POU domain containing octamer binding	Homo sapiens	58-62
18930406-7	2008	These studies indicate hybrid ester AI/NO-donor prodrugs (NONO-coxibs) constitutes a plausible drug design concept targeted toward the development of selective COX-2 inhibitory AI drugs that are devoid of adverse cardiovascular effects.	Esters	30-35	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	160-165
18926701-4	2008	All carboxylic acid analogs and several of the amides had no apparent interactions with Pgp at the concentrations used, whereas the ester variants displayed characteristics of Pgp substrates.	Esters	132-137	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	176-179
18778798-9	2008	The long chain dicholine ester makes closer contact than the short chain ester between one of its carbonyl carbons and the catalytic Ser198, thus explaining why long-chain dicholine esters are hydrolyzed more rapidly by butyrylcholinesterase.	Esters	25-30	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	220-241
18774292-4	2008	However, no enantioselectivity at sigma1 receptors was observed and most of the ester analogs of the more active S-enantiomer showed comparable binding affinities at both DAT and sigma1 receptors with a maximal 16-fold DAT/sigma1 selectivity.	Esters	80-85	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	171-174
18430471-1	2008	Our previous paper entitled "Paradoxical ozone associations could be due to methyl nitrite from combustion of methyl ethers or esters in engine fuels" (Env.	Esters	127-133	endogenous retrovirus group K member 20	Homo sapiens	152-155
18986818-1	2008	An induced-fit docking method was used to characterize the interactions of the glucocorticoid receptor binding-site with mometasone furoate, a glucocorticoid with a lipophilic ester at the C17alpha position.	Esters	176-181	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	79-102
18774292-4	2008	However, no enantioselectivity at sigma1 receptors was observed and most of the ester analogs of the more active S-enantiomer showed comparable binding affinities at both DAT and sigma1 receptors with a maximal 16-fold DAT/sigma1 selectivity.	Esters	80-85	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	219-222
18774292-1	2008	Ester analogs of (+/-)3-(4-(3-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)amino)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol were synthesized and evaluated for binding at DAT, SERT, NET, and sigma1 receptors, and compared to GBR 12909 and several known sigma1 receptor ligands.	Esters	0-5	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	145-148
18571631-5	2008	The di-esters dock within the butyrylcholinesterase gorge in a very different manner, with the ester sidechain at the 5-position occupying the acyl pocket at residues Leu286 and Val288, and the 2-ester binding to Trp82.	Esters	7-12	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	30-51
18774292-1	2008	Ester analogs of (+/-)3-(4-(3-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)amino)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol were synthesized and evaluated for binding at DAT, SERT, NET, and sigma1 receptors, and compared to GBR 12909 and several known sigma1 receptor ligands.	Esters	0-5	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	150-154
18606814-5	2008	Two-photon microscopy revealed aberrant trafficking of all-trans-retinyl esters in the RPE of Adfp(Delta2-3/Delta2-3) mice, a problem caused by abnormal maintenance of RESTs in the dark-adapted state.	Esters	73-79	perilipin 2	Mus musculus	94-98
18606814-5	2008	Two-photon microscopy revealed aberrant trafficking of all-trans-retinyl esters in the RPE of Adfp(Delta2-3/Delta2-3) mice, a problem caused by abnormal maintenance of RESTs in the dark-adapted state.	Esters	73-79	delta like canonical Notch ligand 3	Mus musculus	99-116
18472120-0	2008	Biological activity of novel progesterone derivatives having a bulky ester side chains at C-3.	Esters	33-38	complement C3	Rattus norvegicus	90-93
18599378-13	2008	Ethyl arachidonate has been shown previously to be the principal metabolite of ethanol in the brains of intoxicated individuals and effects of this ester on VGSCs and CB1 receptors may contribute to the depressant effects of alcohol.	Esters	148-153	cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain)	Mus musculus	167-170
18698765-7	2008	In this case, a mechanism involving a Baeyer-Villiger type 1,2-methyl shift from the HHPP-adduct and subsequent ester hydrolysis has been proposed on the basis of DFT calculations; conjugate acid/base catalysis is implicated in the 1,2-methyl shift process as well.	Esters	112-117	HHPP	Homo sapiens	85-89
18682427-1	2008	In Chl biosynthesis, aerobic Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (MPE) cyclase is a key enzyme involved in the synthesis of protochlorophyllide a, and its membrane-bound component is known to be encoded by homologs of CHL27 in photosynthetic bacteria, green algae and plants.	Esters	61-66	dicarboxylate diiron protein, putative (Crd1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	220-225
18593714-2	2008	The catalytic retroreduction of Prx-SO(2)(-) by sulfiredoxin (Srx) has been proposed to proceed through two novel reaction intermediates, a sulfinic phosphoryl ester and protein-based thiosulfinate.	Esters	160-165	sulfiredoxin 1	Homo sapiens	48-60
18593714-2	2008	The catalytic retroreduction of Prx-SO(2)(-) by sulfiredoxin (Srx) has been proposed to proceed through two novel reaction intermediates, a sulfinic phosphoryl ester and protein-based thiosulfinate.	Esters	160-165	sulfiredoxin 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
19099803-8	2008	Immunotoxin 2E8-NCTD was successfully generated through conjugating CD19 mAb protein and Norcantharidin by the activated ester method.	Esters	121-126	CD19 molecule	Homo sapiens	68-72
18605682-1	2008	The conformational study on N-acetyl- N"-methylamide of l-lactic acid (Ac-Lac-NHMe, the Lac dipeptide) is carried out using ab initio HF and density functional methods with the self-consistent reaction field method to explore its backbone conformational preferences and cis-trans isomerization for the depsipeptide with an ester bond in the gas phase and in solution.	Esters	323-328	lactase	Homo sapiens	74-77
18605682-1	2008	The conformational study on N-acetyl- N"-methylamide of l-lactic acid (Ac-Lac-NHMe, the Lac dipeptide) is carried out using ab initio HF and density functional methods with the self-consistent reaction field method to explore its backbone conformational preferences and cis-trans isomerization for the depsipeptide with an ester bond in the gas phase and in solution.	Esters	323-328	lactase	Homo sapiens	88-91
18474598-12	2008	The results of this study suggest that RGR-opsin mediates light-dependent translocation of all-trans-retinyl esters from a storage pool in lipid droplets to an "isomerase pool" in membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum.	Esters	109-115	retinal G protein coupled receptor	Homo sapiens	39-48
18513975-6	2008	Hybrid ester anti-inflammatory/NO-donor prodrugs (NONO-coxibs) offers a potential drug design concept targeted toward the development of anti-inflammatory drugs that are devoid of adverse ulcerogenic and/or cardiovascular effects.	Esters	7-12	non-POU domain containing octamer binding	Homo sapiens	50-54
18394939-4	2008	Furthermore, to elucidate the influence of these esters in vivo, we injected them into male mice and observed the change in the expression of PPARalpha-related enzymes.	Esters	49-55	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	142-151
18394939-5	2008	The comparison between the calculated and observed results indicates that the change in the expression has a correlation with the size of energy gaps between highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals of the complexes with mouse PPARalpha and esters.	Esters	258-264	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	244-253
17963215-6	2008	After epimerization at the C7, paclitaxel hydrolysis occurs mainly due to cleavage of the side chain with further hydrolysis of the ester bonds at C10, C2 and C4 with the C10 acetate hydrolysis being the relatively next most facile.	Esters	132-137	homeobox C10	Homo sapiens	147-150
17963215-6	2008	After epimerization at the C7, paclitaxel hydrolysis occurs mainly due to cleavage of the side chain with further hydrolysis of the ester bonds at C10, C2 and C4 with the C10 acetate hydrolysis being the relatively next most facile.	Esters	132-137	homeobox C10	Homo sapiens	171-174
19099803-16	2008	CONCLUSIONS: The immunotoxin 2E8-NCTD was successfully synthesized by activated ester method with an excellent targeting killing effect on CD19+ Nalm-6 leukemia cells in vitro, which provides some experimental data for the further development of this new targeting agent.	Esters	80-85	CD19 molecule	Homo sapiens	139-143
18447324-1	2008	Cytochrome c (Cyt c) was covalently immobilized on a boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (BDND) electrode via surface functionalization with undecylenic acid methyl ester and subsequent removal of the protecting ester groups to produce a carboxyl-terminated surface.	Esters	165-170	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	0-12
18505296-3	2008	In general, the trimethylsilyl ketene acetals derived from methyl glycolates with a large protecting group on the alpha-oxygen provide enantiomerically enriched alpha,beta-dihydroxy esters with high syn-diastereoselectivity, whereas the tert-butyldimethylsilyl ketene acetals derived from bulky esters of alpha-methoxyacetic acid provide enantiomerically enriched alpha,beta-dihydroxy esters with high anti-diastereoselecitvity.	Esters	182-188	synemin	Homo sapiens	199-202
21202919-2	2008	The torsion angle around the O-Csp(3) bond of the ester group is 108.52 (18) .	Esters	50-55	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C5	Homo sapiens	31-34
18447324-1	2008	Cytochrome c (Cyt c) was covalently immobilized on a boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (BDND) electrode via surface functionalization with undecylenic acid methyl ester and subsequent removal of the protecting ester groups to produce a carboxyl-terminated surface.	Esters	165-170	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	14-19
18389514-6	2008	The esters were also good substrates for the intestinal oligopeptide transporter hPEPT1 in vitro, with Val-Gly-AZT and Val-Ala-AZT presenting the highest affinity toward the transporter (IC(50): 0.20 and 0.15 mM, respectively).	Esters	4-10	solute carrier family 15 member 1	Homo sapiens	81-87
17891501-6	2008	The strain carrying the pBAD-ATF1 plasmid exhibited a high molar ester yield from glucose (1.13) after 48 h of aerobic growth at 25 degrees C. Low-cost media components, such as fusel oil, sorghum glucose and corn steep liquor, were found to give a high yield of isoamyl acetate.	Esters	65-70	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-33
17940805-0	2008	Comparing the effect of immobilization methods on the activity of lipase biocatalysts in ester hydrolysis.	Esters	89-94	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	66-72
18646542-2	2008	METHODS: Sudan I was actived by succinic anhydride and converted into Sudan I hemisuccinate (Sudan I-HS) as the hapten, then Sudan I-HS was linked to carrier protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) as immunogen, and ovalbumin (OVA) as coating antigen all by the active ester method.	Esters	264-269	albumin	Homo sapiens	173-186
18421398-8	2008	Syn KIE values were higher than those for anti elimination for the esters as well as the thioesters.	Esters	67-73	synemin	Homo sapiens	0-3
18404779-1	2008	The aim was to study the COX-1 inhibiting efficacy in context with hydroxyl radical scavenging properties of compounds bearing a carboxylic acid and ester function, respectively.	Esters	149-154	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	25-30
18346474-5	2008	Jonsson, Redesign of human carbonic anhydrase II for increased esterase activity and specificity towards esters with long acyl chains, Biochim.	Esters	105-111	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	27-48
18374965-5	2008	We observed that N-ethyl-5-phenylisooxazolium-3"-sulfonate-ester (WRK-ester) of (14)C-palmitic acid specifically labeled DBP; but p-nitrophenyl- and N-hydroxysuccinimidyl-esters failed to do so.	Esters	59-64	D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor	Bos taurus	121-124
18162167-5	2008	From the measurements of the diglyceride enantiomeric excess it was confirmed that PPL was not stereospecific (position sn-1 vs sn-3 of triolein), whereas MML and rDGL preferentially hydrolyzed the ester bond at position sn-1 and sn-3, respectively.	Esters	198-203	periplakin	Canis lupus familiaris	83-86
18313309-2	2008	Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that absolute configuration, hydrophobicity at the alpha-position of the internal amide carbonyl group, and the presence of a small substituent at the alpha-position of the ester group are important factors for the expression of potent cIAP1 degradation-promoting activity.	Esters	223-228	baculoviral IAP repeat containing 2	Homo sapiens	286-291
18331061-2	2008	Chemo/regioselective Suzuki coupling between 1,2-dihaloarene 17 and alpha-hydroxyphenylboronic acid or ester 20 gives biaryl phenol 19, which then undergoes copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate (CuTC)-mediated intramolecular cyclization to afford 18 in good overall yield.	Esters	103-108	cutC copper transporter	Homo sapiens	192-196
18336835-1	2008	Elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) binds to all standard aminoacyl transfer RNAs (aa-tRNAs) and transports them to the ribosome while protecting the ester linkage between the tRNA and its cognate amino acid.	Esters	143-148	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	0-20
18336835-1	2008	Elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) binds to all standard aminoacyl transfer RNAs (aa-tRNAs) and transports them to the ribosome while protecting the ester linkage between the tRNA and its cognate amino acid.	Esters	143-148	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1	Homo sapiens	22-27
18266323-6	2008	Thioxolone is proposed to be a prodrug inhibitor that is cleaved via a CA II zinc-hydroxide mechanism known to catalyze the hydrolysis of esters.	Esters	138-144	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	71-76
18309479-2	2008	In the brewers" yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the major part of these esters is formed by two alcohol acetyltransferases, Atf1 and Atf2.	Esters	72-78	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	124-128
18309479-2	2008	In the brewers" yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the major part of these esters is formed by two alcohol acetyltransferases, Atf1 and Atf2.	Esters	72-78	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	133-137
18250160-3	2008	Recent work has uncovered a subtle functional difference between the two enzymes, namely the ability of COX-2 to efficiently utilize neutral derivatives (esters and amides) of arachidonic acid as substrates.	Esters	154-160	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	104-109
18408886-6	2008	Essential structural requirements for OCTN2 inhibition include a constantly positively charged nitrogen atom and a carboxyl, nitrile or ester group connected by a 2-4-atom linker.	Esters	136-141	solute carrier family 22 member 5	Homo sapiens	38-43
17899337-3	2008	While ferulic acid, but not its esters, induced MPT and cytochrome c release in rat testes isolated mitochondria, in TM-3 cells we found that both ferulic acid and its esters induced cytochrome c release from mitochondria in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a potential target of these compounds in the induction of cell apoptosis.	Esters	168-174	tropomyosin 1, alpha	Mus musculus	117-121
18190936-5	2008	The agonist activity of the esters for transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) was evaluated by conducting an analysis of the intracellular calcium concentrations in TRPV1-expressing HEK293 cells.	Esters	28-34	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	39-79
18190936-5	2008	The agonist activity of the esters for transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) was evaluated by conducting an analysis of the intracellular calcium concentrations in TRPV1-expressing HEK293 cells.	Esters	28-34	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	81-86
18190936-5	2008	The agonist activity of the esters for transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) was evaluated by conducting an analysis of the intracellular calcium concentrations in TRPV1-expressing HEK293 cells.	Esters	28-34	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	175-180
18198845-2	2008	The lipase B from Candida antarctica was found to catalyze the cleavage of the ester bond in the HEMA end group of the formed polyesters, resulting in two major transesterification processes, methacrylate transfer and polyester transfer.	Esters	79-84	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	4-10
17976886-8	2008	Furthermore, the TaCM protein exhibited a strong activity towards ester precursors including caffeoyl-CoA and 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA.	Esters	66-71	tricetin 3',4',5'-O-trimethyltransferase	Triticum aestivum	17-21
18310913-5	2008	The structure-activity relationship study has revealed that 1) ester groups in 3- and 5-positions are the most effective, 2) the aryl group in the 4-position of 1,4-DHP ring is the basic requirement for optimal activity, 3) position and type of electron-withdrawing groups on phenyl group at position 4 would affect the receptor-binding activity.	Esters	63-68	dihydropyrimidinase	Rattus norvegicus	165-168
18056867-1	2008	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an important enzyme for metabolism of ester drugs.	Esters	13-18	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	23-27
18830990-3	2008	Notwithstanding, derivatives of alpha-L-Rhamp-(1-->4)-alpha-D-Glcp or alpha-D-Manp-(1-->4)-alpha-D-Galp exclusively abstract the hydrogen from H--C-1" through a seven-membered transition state and, therefore, lead to an interglycosidic spiro ortho ester.	Esters	254-259	galanin like peptide	Homo sapiens	105-109
18166202-3	2008	The ferulamides with an aromatic ring in the N-substituent are very active in inducing adiponectin as compared with the known active compounds, curcumin, [6]-gingerol, and capsaicin, and furthermore the activities of these ferulamides are remarkably stronger than those of the corresponding esters or the straight chain octylamide.	Esters	291-297	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	87-98
18078350-5	2008	Herein, the fibrillization and toxicity of amide-to-ester mutants of Abeta 1-40 at the 19-20 position and surrounding backbone amide bonds are compared to the fibrillization and toxicity of the 19-20 E-olefin Abeta analogue and wild type Abeta.	Esters	52-57	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
18214880-3	2008	Subsequent transformation of 21 into an activated ester followed by the introduction of beta-alanine and tetragastrin led to the new pentagastrin drug 3 that contains a peptide moiety for targeting cancer cells expressing CCK-B/gastrin receptors.	Esters	50-55	cholecystokinin B receptor	Homo sapiens	222-227
18273909-9	2008	It is at least 71% identical to such mammalian carboxylesterases as human carboxylesterase 1 with affinities toward hydrophobic substrates and known to activate prodrugs, metabolize active drugs, as well as detoxify various substances such as cocaine and food-derived esters.	Esters	268-274	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	47-64
18273909-9	2008	It is at least 71% identical to such mammalian carboxylesterases as human carboxylesterase 1 with affinities toward hydrophobic substrates and known to activate prodrugs, metabolize active drugs, as well as detoxify various substances such as cocaine and food-derived esters.	Esters	268-274	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	74-92
18370442-1	2008	Temsirolimus, an ester of sirolimus (rapamycin), selectively inhibits the kinase mammalian target of rapamycin and consequently blocks the translation of cell cycle regulatory proteins and prevents the over expression of angiogenic growth factors.	Esters	17-22	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	81-110
18214757-4	2008	The complex efficiently increased the solubility of hydrophilic ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 in some selected hydrophobic esters, such as fatty glycerides, and constructed the lipid-based formulations of PNS.	Esters	117-123	RB transcriptional corepressor 1	Rattus norvegicus	84-87
18211370-0	2008	Modeling bovine serum albumin binding of flavor compounds (alcohols, aldehydes, esters, and ketones) as a function of molecular properties.	Esters	80-86	albumin	Homo sapiens	16-29
18022416-9	2007	Application of the developed method to the quantitation of total RET esters-type PAs in Senecio scandens from different regions of China is also reported.	Esters	69-75	ret proto-oncogene	Homo sapiens	65-68
19082953-1	2008	Mammalian paraoxonases (PON1, PON2, PON3) are a unique family of calcium-dependent hydrolases, with enzymatic activities toward a broad range of substrates (lactones, thiolactones, carbonates, esters, phosphotriesters).	Esters	193-199	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
19082953-1	2008	Mammalian paraoxonases (PON1, PON2, PON3) are a unique family of calcium-dependent hydrolases, with enzymatic activities toward a broad range of substrates (lactones, thiolactones, carbonates, esters, phosphotriesters).	Esters	193-199	paraoxonase 2	Homo sapiens	30-34
19082953-1	2008	Mammalian paraoxonases (PON1, PON2, PON3) are a unique family of calcium-dependent hydrolases, with enzymatic activities toward a broad range of substrates (lactones, thiolactones, carbonates, esters, phosphotriesters).	Esters	193-199	paraoxonase 3	Homo sapiens	36-40
18083017-1	2008	The effects of palmitic acid (PA), stearic acid (SA) and oleic acid (OA), and their respective CoA esters, PA-CoA, SA-CoA and OA-CoA, on the activities of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 were examined.	Esters	99-105	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	155-184
18225552-1	2007	BACKGROUND: Ascorbyl stearate (Asc-S) is a synthetic ester of ascorbic acid that has been shown to significantly reduce the mutagenic effects of alkylating agents and hepatocarcinogenesis in vivo.	Esters	53-58	PYD and CARD domain containing	Homo sapiens	12-15
17990848-7	2007	When using 50% CPE, IC50 values for esterified whey proteins ranged from 20 to 95 microg/mL, depending on the nature of the ester group, the degree of esterification, and the nature of the protein.	Esters	36-41	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	15-18
18096504-1	2007	The N-aryl carbamate URB602 (biphenyl-3-ylcarbamic acid cyclohexyl ester) is an inhibitor of monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), a serine hydrolase involved in the biological deactivation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (2-AG).	Esters	67-72	monoglyceride lipase	Rattus norvegicus	93-116
18096504-1	2007	The N-aryl carbamate URB602 (biphenyl-3-ylcarbamic acid cyclohexyl ester) is an inhibitor of monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL), a serine hydrolase involved in the biological deactivation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (2-AG).	Esters	67-72	monoglyceride lipase	Rattus norvegicus	118-121
17958371-3	2007	A further ester enolate rearrangement furnished the stereochemical identity of galbonolide B 1.	Esters	10-15	immunoglobulin kappa variable 7-3 (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	91-94
17949010-8	2007	We hypothesize that this remarkable specificity derives, at least in part, from FAAH"s special ability to function as a C(O)-N bond hydrolase, which distinguishes it from the vast majority of metabolic serine hydrolases in mammals that are restricted to hydrolyzing esters and/or thioesters.	Esters	266-272	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	80-84
21783827-6	2007	Ring-hydroxylated PE derivatives harboring different ester alkyls revealed that the length of both alkyls independently affects transactivation of ER.	Esters	53-58	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	147-149
17764958-2	2007	These ester prodrugs (11) all exhibited in vitro inhibitory activity against the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) isozyme (IC(50)=0.94-31.6 microM range).	Esters	6-11	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	81-97
17764958-2	2007	These ester prodrugs (11) all exhibited in vitro inhibitory activity against the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) isozyme (IC(50)=0.94-31.6 microM range).	Esters	6-11	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	99-104
17880109-0	2007	Mechanism of formation of the ester linkage between heme and Glu310 of CYP4B1: 18O protein labeling studies.	Esters	30-35	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	71-77
17885082-5	2007	Taking a transgenic approach, we showed that Arabidopsis seeds overexpressing AtSAT1 accumulated fatty acyl esters of cycloartenol, accompanied by substantial decreases in ester content of campesterol and beta-sitosterol.	Esters	108-113	serine acetyltransferase 2;1	Arabidopsis thaliana	78-84
17900114-2	2007	The NHC esters are also effective.	Esters	8-14	high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 4	Homo sapiens	4-7
17880109-2	2007	This study was designed to evaluate the source of oxygen atoms in the covalent ester link in CYP4B1 enzymes labeled with [18O]glutamate and [18O]aspartate.	Esters	79-84	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	93-99
17655899-5	2007	Additionally, perinatal hepatic retinol binding protein 1-dependent retinyl ester hydrolysis was also decrease by TCDD.	Esters	76-81	retinol binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-57
17681794-2	2007	For binding with the catalytic site of AChE, an ester with aromatic group was designed, and for the peripheral site, another aromatic group was considered.	Esters	48-53	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	39-43
17640957-1	2007	Human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE-2) is a member of the serine esterase superfamily and is responsible for hydrolysis of a wide variety of xenobiotic and endogenous esters.	Esters	161-167	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	6-24
17640957-1	2007	Human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE-2) is a member of the serine esterase superfamily and is responsible for hydrolysis of a wide variety of xenobiotic and endogenous esters.	Esters	161-167	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	26-31
17803274-1	2007	This paper describes the development of a new catalytic transformation, the ruthenium-catalyzed decarbonylative arylation of cyclic 2-amino esters, which replaces the ester group with an aryl ring at the sp3 carbon center.	Esters	140-145	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	204-207
17889651-4	2007	The three lipid chains of Pam(3)CSK(4) mediate the heterodimerization of the receptor; the two ester-bound lipid chains are inserted into a pocket in TLR2, while the amide-bound lipid chain is inserted into a hydrophobic channel in TLR1.	Esters	95-100	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	150-154
17661021-1	2007	Okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxins-1 and -2 (DTX1, DTX2), the toxins responsible for incidents of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP), can occur as complex mixtures of ester derivatives in both plankton and shellfish.	Esters	173-178	deltex E3 ubiquitin ligase 1	Homo sapiens	49-53
17537833-7	2007	In addition, pretreatment with IL-6 altered the cellular responsiveness in an opposite manner of overexpression of HCE1 and HCE2 toward various ester therapeutic agents (e.g., clopidogrel).	Esters	144-149	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	31-35
17661021-1	2007	Okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxins-1 and -2 (DTX1, DTX2), the toxins responsible for incidents of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP), can occur as complex mixtures of ester derivatives in both plankton and shellfish.	Esters	173-178	deltex E3 ubiquitin ligase 2	Homo sapiens	55-59
17537833-7	2007	In addition, pretreatment with IL-6 altered the cellular responsiveness in an opposite manner of overexpression of HCE1 and HCE2 toward various ester therapeutic agents (e.g., clopidogrel).	Esters	144-149	RNA guanylyltransferase and 5'-phosphatase	Homo sapiens	115-119
17537833-7	2007	In addition, pretreatment with IL-6 altered the cellular responsiveness in an opposite manner of overexpression of HCE1 and HCE2 toward various ester therapeutic agents (e.g., clopidogrel).	Esters	144-149	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	124-128
17542636-0	2007	Synthesis and decomposition of an ester derivative of the procarcinogen and promutagen, PhIP, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine: unusual nitrenium ion chemistry.	Esters	34-39	pleckstrin homology domain interacting protein	Homo sapiens	88-92
17525154-6	2007	We provide evidence that the cleavage occurs via a cis-autoproteolytic mechanism involving an ester intermediate as shown for Ntn hydrolases and EMR2.	Esters	94-99	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E2	Homo sapiens	145-149
17676806-1	2007	Optimization of the kinetic resolution of 2-amino-4-phenyl-butane was achieved at 80 degrees C using CAL-B-catalyzed aminolysis of carboxylic acids and their ethyl esters.	Esters	164-170	calbindin 1	Homo sapiens	101-106
17376164-4	2007	Esters with even numbers of carbons prevailed, with C(42), C(44) and C(46) favoured in the wild types, a predominance of C(42) in cer2 and cer6 mutants, and a relative shift towards C(46) in cer3 and cer23 mutants.	Esters	0-6	Fatty acid hydroxylase superfamily	Arabidopsis thaliana	191-195
17359937-1	2007	In human myeloperoxidase (MPO) the heme is covalently attached to the protein via two ester linkages and a unique sulfonium ion linkage between the sulfur atom of Met243 and the beta-carbon of the vinyl ring on pyrrole ring A.	Esters	86-91	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	9-24
17359937-1	2007	In human myeloperoxidase (MPO) the heme is covalently attached to the protein via two ester linkages and a unique sulfonium ion linkage between the sulfur atom of Met243 and the beta-carbon of the vinyl ring on pyrrole ring A.	Esters	86-91	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	26-29
17438335-1	2007	In human heme peroxidases the prosthetic group is covalently attached to the protein via two ester linkages between conserved glutamate and aspartate residues and modified methyl groups on pyrrole rings A and C. Here, monomeric recombinant myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the variants D94V and D94N were produced in Chinese hamster ovary cell lines.	Esters	93-98	myeloperoxidase	Cricetulus griseus	240-255
17438335-1	2007	In human heme peroxidases the prosthetic group is covalently attached to the protein via two ester linkages between conserved glutamate and aspartate residues and modified methyl groups on pyrrole rings A and C. Here, monomeric recombinant myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the variants D94V and D94N were produced in Chinese hamster ovary cell lines.	Esters	93-98	myeloperoxidase	Cricetulus griseus	257-260
17368469-2	2007	Using N6-PEG, an antibody/PEG co-immobilized surface was constructed on magnetic particles via an active ester reaction method.	Esters	105-110	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	9-12
17368469-2	2007	Using N6-PEG, an antibody/PEG co-immobilized surface was constructed on magnetic particles via an active ester reaction method.	Esters	105-110	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	26-29
17368469-3	2007	After immobilization of the antibody on the active ester surface, N6-PEG was reacted on the magnetic beads.	Esters	51-56	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	69-72
17407174-2	2007	The strategy behind the present work is that by linking a suitable di- or tripeptidic promoiety to a drug substance, by a hydrolysable ester bond, it may give rise to a prodrug that targets hPEPT1.	Esters	135-140	solute carrier family 15 member 1	Homo sapiens	190-196
16707268-4	2007	Respiration rates of the TA3-MTX-R cell line showed almost the same sensitivity to these esters as the TA3 cell line.	Esters	89-95	RIKEN cDNA 2700049A03 gene	Mus musculus	25-28
16707268-7	2007	These esters also inhibited, in the same order of potencies as respiration, the growth of 786A, TA3 and TA3-MTX-R cells in culture.	Esters	6-12	RIKEN cDNA 2700049A03 gene	Mus musculus	96-99
16707268-7	2007	These esters also inhibited, in the same order of potencies as respiration, the growth of 786A, TA3 and TA3-MTX-R cells in culture.	Esters	6-12	RIKEN cDNA 2700049A03 gene	Mus musculus	104-107
17217969-9	2007	Since carboxylesterases hydrolyze a variety of ester-containing drugs and prodrugs, we speculate that certain FAAH inhibitors, by inhibiting carboxylesterases, might have drug-drug interactions with other medicines if developed as therapeutic agents.	Esters	14-19	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	110-114
17347705-4	2007	The internal rotation barrier heights of the ester methyl group and the alpha-carbon methyl group were calculated to be 5.4 and 14.5 kJ mol(-1) at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory for the most stable conformer.	Esters	45-50	tryptase pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	151-154
17123547-4	2007	The natural substrate for RPE65 has been shown to be a retinyl ester and, by utilizing the Autodock and the Ligplot programs, the interactions between the ester and the protein as well as the effects of several mutations on these interactions are studied.	Esters	63-68	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	26-31
17078983-0	2006	Carboxylesterase activities toward pesticide esters in crops and weeds.	Esters	45-51	carboxylesterase	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-16
17046265-5	2007	For human sEH, similar inhibition potency was obtained when the acid of compound 1 was modified to esters (2-15).	Esters	99-105	epoxide hydrolase 2	Homo sapiens	10-13
17212777-4	2006	Reaction products of the most effectively decomposed ester (dibutyrate) were characterized using HPLC and ESI-MS. Hydrophobicity of Abeta, as measured by bis-8-anilinonaphthalene fluorescence, correlated with its hydrolytic abilities.	Esters	53-58	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	132-137
17158103-1	2007	Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a dimeric, membranebound enzyme that degrades neuromodulatory fatty acid amides and esters and is expressed in mammalian brain and peripheral tissues.	Esters	121-127	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	28-32
17177441-2	2006	Remarkably, FAAH hydrolyzes amides and esters with similar rates; however, the normal preference for esters reemerges when Lys142 is mutated to alanine.	Esters	39-45	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	12-16
17177441-2	2006	Remarkably, FAAH hydrolyzes amides and esters with similar rates; however, the normal preference for esters reemerges when Lys142 is mutated to alanine.	Esters	101-107	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	12-16
17137376-4	2006	Introducing rigid oligothiophene arms to shape non-persistent ester-linked dendrimers causes higher generation dendrimers (G2 and G3) to exhibit solvatochromism and thermochromism, while their oligomeric counterpart (3b) and lower generation (G1) analogue do not.	Esters	62-67	crystallin gamma E, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	123-132
16942882-2	2006	In this study, ester groups in the molecule of T12 were replaced by carbonate and carbamate ones, respectively.	Esters	15-20	CD6 molecule	Homo sapiens	47-50
16942882-4	2006	According to the activities and behavior of the compounds in donor samples, ester group is essential for the activity of T12; its replacement not only decreases the enhancing potency, but is likely to change the mechanism of action.	Esters	76-81	CD6 molecule	Homo sapiens	121-124
16996812-0	2006	Redesign of human carbonic anhydrase II for increased esterase activity and specificity towards esters with long acyl chains.	Esters	96-102	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	18-39
16956889-5	2006	Furthermore, treatment of macrophages with 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal (HNE), and cell-permeable esters of glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonanal (GS-HNE) and glutathionyl-1,4-dihydroxynonane (GS-DHN) activated NF-kappaB and PLC/PKC.	Esters	95-101	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	200-209
16980563-5	2006	Arabidopsis cer4 mutants exhibit major decreases in stem primary alcohols and wax esters, and slightly elevated levels of aldehydes, alkanes, secondary alcohols, and ketones.	Esters	82-88	Jojoba acyl CoA reductase-related male sterility protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	12-16
17107048-3	2006	The quenching of this activated ester with a library of primary amines, followed by testing of the resulting amide library, led to the identification of organometallic Pim-1 and GSK-3 inhibitors with improved potencies and kinase selectivities.	Esters	32-37	Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	168-173
17107086-1	2006	The first synthesis of sulfonamide and sulfonate analogues of a sulfated carbohydrate in which the ester oxygen of the sulfate is replaced with a CHF or CF2 group is reported.	Esters	99-104	ATPase H+ transporting accessory protein 1	Homo sapiens	153-156
16996812-1	2006	The effect of modulating the shape and the size of the hydrophobic pocket on the esterase activity and specificity of human carbonic anhydrase II (HCAII) for esters with different acyl chain lengths was investigated.	Esters	158-164	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	124-145
16982525-3	2006	These contaminants were not mineral hydrocarbon fractions used for the shaping of can lids and bodies, but had an organic structure identifiable as esters derived by synthesis between fatty acids C8 and C10 with glycerine, and between C16 and C18 with butyl alcohol.	Esters	148-154	homeobox C10	Homo sapiens	203-206
16982525-3	2006	These contaminants were not mineral hydrocarbon fractions used for the shaping of can lids and bodies, but had an organic structure identifiable as esters derived by synthesis between fatty acids C8 and C10 with glycerine, and between C16 and C18 with butyl alcohol.	Esters	148-154	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	243-246
16866500-10	2006	In addition, coupling of the Pfp ester of Cbz-protected phenylalanine with an acrylamide leads only to reduction of the acrylamide and recovered ester, whereas the same coupling with the N-acyl oxazolidinone derivative provides the gamma-keto amides.	Esters	33-38	perforin 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
16567069-5	2006	Drug release studies were performed by hydrolysis in buffered solutions (pH 1 and 8) at 37 degrees C. Detection of hydrolysis by UV spectroscopy at selected interval showed that the drug can be released by selective hydrolysis of the ester bond at the side of drug moiety.	Esters	234-239	alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	73-83
16836380-3	2006	Chiral amines, esters of alpha-amino acids, and beta-amino alcohol afforded optically pure N-t-Boc derivatives.	Esters	15-21	BOC cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated	Homo sapiens	95-98
16845703-3	2006	However, esters such as these might be degraded by the IAH1-encoded esterase.	Esters	9-15	isoamyl acetate-hydrolyzing esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	55-59
16331452-1	2006	Human serum paraoxonase 1 (hPON1) belongs to a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of a broad range of esters and lactones.	Esters	114-120	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
16651262-3	2006	This reaction is not observed with lactoperoxidase (LPO), in which the heme is covalently bound to the protein via two ester bonds between carboxylic side chains and heme methyl groups.	Esters	119-124	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	35-50
16651262-3	2006	This reaction is not observed with lactoperoxidase (LPO), in which the heme is covalently bound to the protein via two ester bonds between carboxylic side chains and heme methyl groups.	Esters	119-124	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	52-55
16819845-1	2006	When the esters of arylboronic acids with 2,2-dimethylpropan-1,3-diol were treated with a catalytic amount of [Rh(OH)(cod)]2 in the presence of 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane and CsF in dioxane at 60 degrees C under carbon dioxide atmosphere, the benzoic acid derivatives were obtained in good yields.	Esters	9-15	COD2	Homo sapiens	118-124
16819845-1	2006	When the esters of arylboronic acids with 2,2-dimethylpropan-1,3-diol were treated with a catalytic amount of [Rh(OH)(cod)]2 in the presence of 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane and CsF in dioxane at 60 degrees C under carbon dioxide atmosphere, the benzoic acid derivatives were obtained in good yields.	Esters	9-15	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	182-185
16894785-1	2006	A chiral stationary phase (CSP 1) based on (+)-(18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid was applied to the resolution of N-(substituted benzoyl)-alpha-amino acid amides and esters.	Esters	176-182	regulator of calcineurin 1	Homo sapiens	27-32
16565085-6	2006	This ester is reductively cleaved by a thiol molecule (RSH) such as GSH, thioredoxin, and dithiothreitol to produce a disulfide-S-monoxide (Prx-Cys-S(=O)-S-R).	Esters	5-10	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	73-84
16639719-2	2006	In this review, the most important enzymes (e.g., paraoxonase, carboxylesterase, acetylcholinesterase, cholinesterase) involved in the bioconversion of ester-based prodrugs will be discussed in terms of their biology and biochemistry.	Esters	71-76	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	81-101
16639719-2	2006	In this review, the most important enzymes (e.g., paraoxonase, carboxylesterase, acetylcholinesterase, cholinesterase) involved in the bioconversion of ester-based prodrugs will be discussed in terms of their biology and biochemistry.	Esters	71-76	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	87-101
16719511-11	2006	Ester compounds and concentrations differed in peels treated with different signal molecules, indicating that regulation of the pathway upstream of straight-chain ester biosynthesis depended on the regulation of lipoxygenase (LOX) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity by SA, ETH, and MeJA during poststorage ripening.	Esters	0-5	lipoxygenase	None	212-224
16719511-11	2006	Ester compounds and concentrations differed in peels treated with different signal molecules, indicating that regulation of the pathway upstream of straight-chain ester biosynthesis depended on the regulation of lipoxygenase (LOX) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity by SA, ETH, and MeJA during poststorage ripening.	Esters	163-168	lipoxygenase	None	212-224
16565085-6	2006	This ester is reductively cleaved by a thiol molecule (RSH) such as GSH, thioredoxin, and dithiothreitol to produce a disulfide-S-monoxide (Prx-Cys-S(=O)-S-R).	Esters	5-10	periaxin	Homo sapiens	140-143
16595195-1	2006	Human plasma paraoxonase (PON1) is calcium-dependent enzyme that hydrolyses esters, including organophosphates and lactones, and exhibits anti-atherogenic properties.	Esters	76-82	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
16506767-2	2006	This removal of a single atom was conducted to enhance binding to D-Ala-D-Lac, countering resistance endowed to bacteria that remodel their D-Ala-D-Ala peptidoglycan cell wall precursor by a similar single atom change (ester O for amide NH).	Esters	219-224	lactase	Homo sapiens	74-77
16356573-4	2006	The substrate concentration was 3.63-6.67 M in the eutectic media, whereas in organic media the concentration was below 0.10 M. Esters were synthesized with an immobilized Candida antarctica lipase, and optimum conditions were analyzed.	Esters	128-134	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	191-197
16633570-7	2006	Compounds 44 and 69, the corresponding methyl esters of 45 and 70, were found to selectively block processing of Rap1A by PGGTase-I in whole cells with IC(50) values of 0.4 microM and 0.7 microM respectively.	Esters	46-52	RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family	Homo sapiens	113-118
16476444-2	2006	Two release factors, RF1 and RF2, recognize and bind to the stop codons with different affinities and trigger the hydrolysis of the ester bond that links the polypeptide with the P-site tRNA.	Esters	132-137	mitochondrial translation release factor 1	Homo sapiens	21-24
16525551-2	2006	Activation of a pyridinium salt by placing an ester group at C-2, allows the addition of two electrons to give a synthetically versatile enolate intermediate which can be trapped with a variety of electrophiles.	Esters	46-51	complement C2	Homo sapiens	61-64
16376549-5	2006	An intramolecular H-bond between ester and ammonium-carbamate group was suggested to be important for the permeation-enhancing activity of T12.	Esters	33-38	CD6 molecule	Homo sapiens	139-142
16490389-4	2006	The appearance of this complex could be explained having in mind donor-acceptor properties of complexes, solvents and the resultant reaction of Cu(octxant)2 with the ester of diselenocarbamic acid yielded in Cu(Et2dsc)2 destruction by CCl4 or CHCl3.	Esters	166-171	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	235-239
16411775-2	2006	The present results show that gastric lipase also acts in solution on vinyl butyrate, with an optimum activity above pH 7, which suggests that gastric lipase is able to hydrolyze ester bonds via the classical mechanism of serine hydrolases.	Esters	179-184	lipase F, gastric type	Homo sapiens	30-44
16493827-1	2006	By incorporating an ester-containing substrate in a self-assembled alignment layer for liquid crystal cells, the presence of a lipase (CALB) can be directly detected through its enzymatic action on the alignment layer, without the need for fluorescent labelling or enzyme assays.	Esters	20-25	calbindin 1	Homo sapiens	135-139
16411775-2	2006	The present results show that gastric lipase also acts in solution on vinyl butyrate, with an optimum activity above pH 7, which suggests that gastric lipase is able to hydrolyze ester bonds via the classical mechanism of serine hydrolases.	Esters	179-184	lipase F, gastric type	Homo sapiens	143-157
16054134-6	2006	A retinyl-ester synthase that produces these esters, called lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), has been extensively characterized.	Esters	45-51	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Bos taurus	60-92
16408973-3	2006	The key intermediates for the preparation of ester-linked lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) 1 and 3 were obtained in one pot by a modified DIBAL-H reduction of orthoformate intermediate 22.	Esters	45-50	lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-93
16054134-6	2006	A retinyl-ester synthase that produces these esters, called lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), has been extensively characterized.	Esters	45-51	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Bos taurus	94-98
16325466-3	2005	Results indicate that human HSL, together with other lipolytic carboxylesterases, are active on short chain esters and hydrolyze water insoluble trioctanoin, vinyl laurate and olive oil, whereas the action of EST2, AFEST, protein RV1399C and non-lipolytic carboxylesterases is restricted to solutions of short chain substrates.	Esters	108-114	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Homo sapiens	28-31
16316224-1	2005	The treatment of readily available propargylic indole-3-acetates with a catalytic amount of AuCl(PPh3)/AgSbF6 leads to tandem activations of the propargylic esters and the in situ generated allenylic esters, resulting in expeditious access to highly functionalized cyclobutanes with fused 2,3-indoline and gamma-lactone rings and an exocyclic E-double bond through sequential 3,3-rearrangement and [2 + 2] cyclization.	Esters	157-163	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
16169736-2	2005	In the present study, a series of reverse ester/amide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as selective COX-2 inhibitors.	Esters	42-47	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	110-115
16169736-3	2005	Most of the reverse esters/amides displayed time-dependent COX-2 inhibition with IC50 values in the low nanomolar range.	Esters	20-26	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	59-64
16169736-5	2005	In addition to inhibiting COX-2 activity in vitro, the reverse esters/amides also inhibited COX-2 activity in the mouse macrophage-like cell line, RAW264.7.	Esters	63-69	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	26-31
16169736-5	2005	In addition to inhibiting COX-2 activity in vitro, the reverse esters/amides also inhibited COX-2 activity in the mouse macrophage-like cell line, RAW264.7.	Esters	63-69	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	92-97
16428296-10	2005	The model includes two almost planar aromatic rings with their respective hydroxyl groups, and a proper ester linkage between the two rings that possibly causes the inhibition of FAS by irreversibly inhibiting the beta-ketoacyl reductase domain.	Esters	104-109	fatty acid synthase	Homo sapiens	179-182
16316119-1	2005	Surface-enhanced IR (SEIR) and Raman scattering (SERS) have been employed to study the adsorption of ester functionalized tert-butyl calix[4]arenes on Ag and Au nanostructured surfaces as well as their complexes with pyrene.	Esters	101-106	seryl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	49-53
16541957-1	2006	The introduction of versatile functional groups, allyl and ester, at the C-1 position of the acyclic chain in acyclic adenine nucleosides was achieved for the first time directly by alkylation of adenine and N6-potected adenine.	Esters	59-64	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	73-76
16336272-3	2005	We found that the two ester bound fatty acid length threshold is beyond eight C atoms because almost no response was elicited by cellular challenge with analogues carrying shorter acyl chains in HEK293 cells expressing recombinant human TLR2.	Esters	22-27	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	237-241
16336272-6	2005	In addition, species specific LP recognition through murine and human TLR2 depended on the length of the two ester bound fatty acid chains.	Esters	109-114	toll like receptor 2	Homo sapiens	70-74
16369172-1	2005	OBJECTIVE: To test whether bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 may be covalently linked to resorbable fracture repair plates using an ester-hydrolysis reaction and determining whether the linked compound can facilitate bone growth.	Esters	133-138	bone morphogenetic protein 2	Mus musculus	27-61
16141203-7	2005	Enzyme activity measurements with expressed ACOT4 and ACOT8 show that both enzymes hydrolyze CoA esters of dicarboxylic acids with high activity but with strikingly different specificities.	Esters	97-103	acyl-CoA thioesterase 4	Homo sapiens	44-49
16213467-4	2005	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), paraoxonase (PON1), and albumin are in high enough concentrations to contribute significantly to ester hydrolysis.	Esters	13-18	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	23-27
16141203-7	2005	Enzyme activity measurements with expressed ACOT4 and ACOT8 show that both enzymes hydrolyze CoA esters of dicarboxylic acids with high activity but with strikingly different specificities.	Esters	97-103	acyl-CoA thioesterase 8	Homo sapiens	54-59
16262246-12	2005	Therefore, mRPE65 is a moderately specific retinoid binding protein directed at long chain all-trans-retinyl esters.	Esters	109-115	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	11-17
16277530-12	2005	As the key difference between LPO (and other mammalian peroxidases) and HRP is the presence of two covalent ester links between the heme and the protein, we propose that these links contribute to steric protection of the adjacent heme vinyl groups.	Esters	108-113	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	30-33
16231883-2	2005	The isotope effect on V/K is inverse, D3V/K = 0.93 +/- 0.03, which is consistent with conversion of the sp2 hybridized carbonyl carbon of the scissile ester bond of the E + A reactant state to a quasi-tetrahedral structure in the acylation transition state.	Esters	151-156	Sp2 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	104-107
16281307-5	2005	So, the ester 5c exhibits PAF antagonistic activity at IC(50) = 1 microM and COX-1 inhibition (IC(50) = 0.4 microM).	Esters	8-13	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	26-29
16281307-5	2005	So, the ester 5c exhibits PAF antagonistic activity at IC(50) = 1 microM and COX-1 inhibition (IC(50) = 0.4 microM).	Esters	8-13	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I	Homo sapiens	77-82
16270286-17	2005	The PUFA part of these esters occasionally suffers oxidation by heating or storage of mammalian derived food.	Esters	23-29	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	4-8
16244173-2	2005	In the rhodopsin cycle, retinal chromophore from bleached rod pigments is reduced to retinol and transferred to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to store as all-trans retinyl ester.	Esters	179-184	rhodopsin	Gallus gallus	7-16
16125407-4	2005	In the compound series including the alcohol, ester, aldehyde, acid and methyl ester at C-18 (compounds 1-9), highest activity was related with the presence of an alcohol, aldehyde, acid or methyl ester at C-18, the activity being strongly reduced after esterification.	Esters	46-51	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	88-92
16125407-4	2005	In the compound series including the alcohol, ester, aldehyde, acid and methyl ester at C-18 (compounds 1-9), highest activity was related with the presence of an alcohol, aldehyde, acid or methyl ester at C-18, the activity being strongly reduced after esterification.	Esters	46-51	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	206-210
15993612-2	2005	Large ester substituents and lipophilic groups at the 4-position favored molecular recognition at the SERT.	Esters	6-11	solute carrier family 6 member 4	Homo sapiens	102-106
15993612-4	2005	Chemical modification of the ester group and N-substitution generally led to compounds with decreased DAT affinity.	Esters	29-34	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	102-105
15993612-5	2005	Only small esters and alkyl groups were tolerated at the 4-position of the meperidine ring system by the DAT.	Esters	11-17	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	105-108
16183838-4	2005	Compared to wild type, the wax on rst1 inflorescence stems is reduced nearly 60% in total amount, has a proportional reduction in aldehydes and aldehyde metabolites, and has a proportional increase in acids, primary alcohols, and esters.	Esters	230-236	ARM repeat superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	34-38
15995174-7	2005	An inhibitor of cPLA2, arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone, prevented the accumulation of 7KC esters and inhibited 7KC-induced apoptosis in P388D1 cells.	Esters	93-99	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	16-21
15995174-8	2005	The decrease in 7KC ester accumulation produced by the inhibition of cPLA2 was reversed by supplementing with either oleic or arachidonic acid (AA); however, only AA supplementation restored the induction of apoptosis by 7KC.	Esters	20-25	phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)	Mus musculus	69-74
16182295-3	2005	Two compounds, ester 11 and morpholide 13, have been identified as potent inhibitors of caspase-3 with IC50 = 6 nM.	Esters	15-20	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	88-97
15987679-12	2005	Both these features are signature characteristics of self-cleaving proteins, and we concluded that MUC1 undergoes autoproteolysis mediated by an N --> O-acyl rearrangement at the cleavage site followed by hydrolytic resolution of the unstable ester and concomitant cleavage.	Esters	246-251	mucin 1, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	99-103
16144404-5	2005	The alkoxyphosphonium salt generates the desired ester via a SN2 mechanism (inversion product).	Esters	49-54	solute carrier family 38 member 5	Homo sapiens	61-64
16122242-3	2005	The syn conformer allows the attached arene and the MeO/ester to interact with each other while the anti conformer does not.	Esters	56-61	synemin	Homo sapiens	4-7
16026160-0	2005	Mole quantity of RPE65 and its productivity in the generation of 11-cis-retinal from retinyl esters in the living mouse eye.	Esters	93-99	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	17-22
16247561-9	2005	Site directed mutagenesis demonstrated that the failure of Cm-AAT2 to produce volatile esters is related to the presence of a 268-alanine residue instead of threonine as in all active AAT proteins.	Esters	87-93	aspartate transaminase AAT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	62-66
16076184-2	2005	Catalyst design, based on new Ru(II) hydrido carbonyl complexes incorporating electron-rich PNP and PNN ligands has resulted in the novel complex (I) which is an outstanding catalyst for the dehydrogenation of primary alcohols to esters and H(2) under neutral conditions.	Esters	230-236	pinin, desmosome associated protein	Homo sapiens	100-103
15908471-9	2005	Since the substrate specificity of hCE-1 differs from that of hCE-2, it is suggested that the prediction of human intestinal absorption using Caco-2 cell monolayers should be performed carefully in the case of ester- and amide-containing drugs such as prodrugs.	Esters	210-215	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	35-40
15861482-0	2005	Use of specific functionalised tips with STM: a new identification method of ester groups and their molecular structure in self-assembled overlayers.	Esters	77-82	sulfotransferase family 1A member 3	Homo sapiens	41-44
15976863-3	2005	Comparing the results obtained to those given by analogous monoester-nitrones showed that both the spin trapping and the adduct decay reactions were faster in the presence of a second ester group in the cyclic nitrone series, while the superoxide trapping capacities of linear diester-nitrones were found to be dramatically weak.	Esters	63-68	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	99-103
15840581-4	2005	This is likely to involve two transesterification reactions in which an ester bond linking an HC to chondroitin sulfate in intact IalphaI is transferred first onto TSG-6 and then onto HA.	Esters	35-40	TNF alpha induced protein 6	Homo sapiens	164-169
16029044-1	2005	Previously, we discovered that human glutathione transferase (hGST) A1-1 could be site-specifically acylated on a tyrosine residue (Y9) to form ester products using thiolesters of glutathione (GS-thiolesters) as acylating reagents.	Esters	144-149	DXS435E	Homo sapiens	68-72
15657893-2	2005	The peptide esters studied are Fmoc-(Aib)n-OtBu (n = 6 and 8), where Fmoc is 9-fluorenylmethyoxycarbonyl and Aib is the strongly helix-forming residue alpha-aminoisobutyric acid.	Esters	12-18	ANIB1	Homo sapiens	37-40
15895994-2	2005	Fluorescence quenching and stopped-flow fluorimetry show that the ester bond-containing tea polyphenols (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) are potent and specific inhibitors of DHFR with inhibition constants (K(I)) of 120 and 82 nM, respectively.	Esters	66-71	dihydrofolate reductase	Bos taurus	212-216
15837305-0	2005	Novel approach to pro-drugs of lactones: water soluble imidate and ortho-ester derivatives of a furanone-based COX-2 selective inhibitor.	Esters	73-78	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	111-116
15857149-0	2005	1,5-Diarylpyrrole-3-acetic acids and esters as novel classes of potent and highly selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.	Esters	37-43	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	92-108
15820750-10	2005	It is proposed that fatty acids and their esters would favour beta-oxidation over esterification by promoting the forming of inactive associated PAP-1 in situations such as starvation and metabolic stress in which there is an increased supply of fatty acids to the liver.	Esters	42-48	PDGFA associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	145-150
15657893-2	2005	The peptide esters studied are Fmoc-(Aib)n-OtBu (n = 6 and 8), where Fmoc is 9-fluorenylmethyoxycarbonyl and Aib is the strongly helix-forming residue alpha-aminoisobutyric acid.	Esters	12-18	ANIB1	Homo sapiens	109-112
15934785-6	2005	The esters L-Glu(O-i-Bu)-Sar and L-Glu(OCH(2)Ada)-Sar and the amides L-Gln(N,N-dimethyl)-Sar and L-Gln(N-piperidinyl)-Sar were synthesized, and affinity to and translocation via hPEPT1 were investigated in mature Caco-2 cell monolayers, grown on permeable supports.	Esters	4-10	solute carrier family 15 member 1	Homo sapiens	178-184
15801847-3	2005	In rat experiments, the (18)F-labeled candidate showed desirable properties for PET AChE measurement: high brain uptake of the authentic ester, high AChE specificity, a moderate hydrolysis rate, and low membrane permeability (metabolic trapping) of the metabolite.	Esters	137-142	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
15807537-4	2005	hCAII also exhibits promiscuous activity toward highly activated esters such as 4-nitrophenyl acetate.	Esters	65-71	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
15807537-5	2005	We describe a much weaker esterase activity of hCAII toward the bulkier and much less activated ester substrate 2-naphthyl acetate (2NA).	Esters	26-31	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	47-52
15835926-5	2005	To elucidate the substrate preference and other details of PON1 mechanism of catalysis, structure-activity studies were performed with three groups of substrates that are known to be hydrolyzed by PON1: phosphotriesters, esters, and lactones.	Esters	213-219	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
15835926-5	2005	To elucidate the substrate preference and other details of PON1 mechanism of catalysis, structure-activity studies were performed with three groups of substrates that are known to be hydrolyzed by PON1: phosphotriesters, esters, and lactones.	Esters	213-219	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	197-201
15760187-3	2005	Indolizine 6, containing an ester group at C-6, was reductively alkylated to give dihydroindolizines 8 and 9 possessing a quaternary carbon center in good yield.	Esters	28-33	complement C6	Homo sapiens	43-46
15653696-10	2005	The HC.TSG-6 cross-links were different from the PGP cross-link and were determined to be ester bonds between the alpha-carbonyl of the C-terminal Asp of the heavy chain and most likely a hydroxyl group containing the TSG-6 residue.	Esters	90-95	TNF alpha induced protein 6	Homo sapiens	7-12
15653696-12	2005	A TSG-6 hydroxyl group reacts with the ester bond between the alpha-carbonyl of the C-terminal Asp residues of HC1 or HC2 and carbon-6 of an internal N-acetylgalactosamine of the chondroitin-4-sulfate chain.	Esters	39-44	TNF alpha induced protein 6	Homo sapiens	2-7
15653696-12	2005	A TSG-6 hydroxyl group reacts with the ester bond between the alpha-carbonyl of the C-terminal Asp residues of HC1 or HC2 and carbon-6 of an internal N-acetylgalactosamine of the chondroitin-4-sulfate chain.	Esters	39-44	CYCS pseudogene 39	Homo sapiens	111-114
15653696-12	2005	A TSG-6 hydroxyl group reacts with the ester bond between the alpha-carbonyl of the C-terminal Asp residues of HC1 or HC2 and carbon-6 of an internal N-acetylgalactosamine of the chondroitin-4-sulfate chain.	Esters	39-44	CYCS pseudogene 38	Homo sapiens	118-121
15788165-2	2005	An analogue of acetyl-CoA in which this amide bond is replaced with an ester linkage was a good substrate for the enzymes carnitine acetyltransferase, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, and citrate synthase, with K(m) values 2- to 8-fold higher than those of acetyl-CoA and V(max) values from 14 to >80% those of the natural substrate.	Esters	71-76	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	190-206
16011259-7	2005	CONCLUSION: Human carboxylesterase-2 is the main hydrolytic enzyme of prodrugs in percutaneous absorption, and shows metabolic stereoselectivity to prodrugs with chiral esters.	Esters	169-175	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	18-36
15801810-3	2005	The production of the ester isoamyl acetate from acetyl-CoA by ATF2, a yeast alcohol acetyl transferase, was used as a model system to demonstrate the beneficial effects of reducing acetate production.	Esters	22-27	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
15241571-4	2005	The molecular interaction of the lipids PE, PG, and LPS with OmpT was investigated by analysing molecular groups in the lipids originating from the apolar region (methylene groups), the interface region (ester), and the polar region (phosphates), and by analysing the acyl-chain melting-phase behaviour of the lipids.	Esters	204-209	outer membrane protease	Escherichia coli	61-65
15835743-9	2005	These prodrugs targeted a tumor marker APN/CD13 to cause tumor-cell-selective cyctotoxicity due to 5-FdUrd release, the rate of which could be controlled by the structure of ester linker.	Esters	174-179	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	39-42
15835743-9	2005	These prodrugs targeted a tumor marker APN/CD13 to cause tumor-cell-selective cyctotoxicity due to 5-FdUrd release, the rate of which could be controlled by the structure of ester linker.	Esters	174-179	alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane	Homo sapiens	43-47
15624917-3	2005	The common 1,2-anti-2,3-syn stereotriad found in each of three subunits, aldehyde 9 (C(1)-C(5)), ester 40 (C(9)-C(16)), and aldehyde 13 (C(17)-C(24)), was established via a boron-mediated aldol reaction of ethyl ketone 15 and formaldehyde, followed by hydroxyl-directed reduction to give 1,3-diol 14.	Esters	97-102	synemin	Homo sapiens	24-27
15567301-2	2005	The new molecules were designed according to the double prodrug concept: a solubilizing moiety was grafted onto CsA via an ester function, which could be hydrolysed via a two-step process (enzymatic and chemical).	Esters	123-128	ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit	Homo sapiens	112-115
15549712-10	2005	HPL prefers adjacent ester groups of the diglyceride isomers (1,2-sn-dicaprin and 2,3-sn-dicaprin).	Esters	21-26	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	0-3
15584761-1	2004	The mammalian heme peroxidases are distinguished from their plant and fungal counterparts by the fact that the heme group is covalently bound to the protein through ester links from glutamate and aspartate residues to the heme 1- and 5-methyl groups and, in the case of myeloperoxidase, through an additional sulfonium link from the Cbeta of the 2-vinyl group to a methionine residue.	Esters	165-170	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	270-285
15585641-8	2004	Cotreatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin in vitro, or the ester of rapamycin, CCI-779 (Wyeth) in vivo, inhibited mTOR activity and restored sensitivity to tamoxifen, suggesting that Akt-induced tamoxifen resistance is mediated in part by signaling through the mTOR pathway.	Esters	63-68	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	118-122
15585641-8	2004	Cotreatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin in vitro, or the ester of rapamycin, CCI-779 (Wyeth) in vivo, inhibited mTOR activity and restored sensitivity to tamoxifen, suggesting that Akt-induced tamoxifen resistance is mediated in part by signaling through the mTOR pathway.	Esters	63-68	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	187-190
15585641-8	2004	Cotreatment with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin in vitro, or the ester of rapamycin, CCI-779 (Wyeth) in vivo, inhibited mTOR activity and restored sensitivity to tamoxifen, suggesting that Akt-induced tamoxifen resistance is mediated in part by signaling through the mTOR pathway.	Esters	63-68	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	118-122
15482938-4	2004	Tosylate esters 17 and 18, synthesized as precursors for [(18)F]-labeled, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging agents, also showed high affinity for DAT.	Esters	9-15	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	155-158
15544348-11	2004	The specificity of DGKepsilon for diacylglycerols containing an arachidonoyl group was retained when the ester group in the C-1 position is replaced with an ether linkage.	Esters	105-110	diacylglycerol kinase epsilon	Homo sapiens	19-29
15283701-1	2004	Mouse carboxylesterase 2 (mCES2), a microsomal acylcarnitine hydrolase, is thought to play some important roles in fatty acid (ester) metabolism, and it is therefore thought that the level of transcription of the mCES2 gene is under tight control.	Esters	14-19	carboxylesterase 2C	Mus musculus	26-31
15283701-1	2004	Mouse carboxylesterase 2 (mCES2), a microsomal acylcarnitine hydrolase, is thought to play some important roles in fatty acid (ester) metabolism, and it is therefore thought that the level of transcription of the mCES2 gene is under tight control.	Esters	14-19	carboxylesterase 2C	Mus musculus	47-70
15283701-1	2004	Mouse carboxylesterase 2 (mCES2), a microsomal acylcarnitine hydrolase, is thought to play some important roles in fatty acid (ester) metabolism, and it is therefore thought that the level of transcription of the mCES2 gene is under tight control.	Esters	14-19	carboxylesterase 2C	Mus musculus	213-218
15474300-8	2004	These two LRAT mRNA variants are also present in testis, which is known to express LRAT and contain retinyl esters.	Esters	108-114	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	10-14
15562060-8	2004	Amide and ester local anesthetics inhibit TRESK in a concentration-dependent manner but at concentrations generally larger than those that inhibit other tandem pore domain K channels.	Esters	10-15	potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 18	Homo sapiens	42-47
15387575-1	2004	From the perspective of asymmetric induction, the photochemistry of 24 chiral esters and amides of cis-2,3-diphenylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid from excited singlet and triplet states has been investigated within zeolites.	Esters	78-84	suppressor of cytokine signaling 2	Homo sapiens	99-104
15367412-9	2004	These findings indicate that inhibitors of mTOR, some of which are already in clinical development (CCI-779, an ester of rapamycin), have the potential to be effective in the treatment of breast cancer patients with PTEN-negative tumors and should be evaluated in this setting.	Esters	112-117	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	43-47
15367412-9	2004	These findings indicate that inhibitors of mTOR, some of which are already in clinical development (CCI-779, an ester of rapamycin), have the potential to be effective in the treatment of breast cancer patients with PTEN-negative tumors and should be evaluated in this setting.	Esters	112-117	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Homo sapiens	216-220
15479002-1	2004	The antioxidant activity of some esters of ferulic acid with the linear fatty alcohols C7, C8 (branched and linear), C9, C11, C12, C13, C15, C16, and C18 has been studied in homogeneous and heterogeneous phases.	Esters	33-39	nuclear distribution C, dynein complex regulator	Rattus norvegicus	136-139
15471472-4	2004	Both syn and anti adducts were separately N-deprotected, and the resulting amines reacted with an activated ester derived from the acid (20) to afford the final targets (5).	Esters	108-113	synemin	Homo sapiens	5-8
15345140-4	2004	Ethyl ferulate (ethyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate) (EFE), the naturally occurring ester of ferulic acid, was able to induce HO-1 protein expression.	Esters	83-88	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	125-129
15248604-2	2004	Esters with chloro or acetyl groups at C-1 showed high affinity for the brain benzodiazepine recognition site.	Esters	0-6	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	39-42
15317455-3	2004	In contrast, ester derivatives lacking the C-3 hydroxy group were inactive to the cancer cell lines.	Esters	13-18	complement C3	Homo sapiens	43-46
15229365-8	2004	This pattern of metabolic change led us to assume that these esters lowered ACMSD protein or its activity.	Esters	61-67	aminocarboxymuconate semialdehyde decarboxylase	Rattus norvegicus	76-81
15145983-12	2004	Reverse transport in the subjects with bile fistula and FH was facilitated by ester output to the liver from VLDL plus IDL.	Esters	78-83	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	56-58
15210988-4	2004	The nature of the ester moiety seems to play an important role in determining the syn/anti ratios of C-methyl adducts.	Esters	18-23	synemin	Homo sapiens	82-85
15258400-0	2004	Analysis of the less common hydrogen bonds involving ester oxygen sp3 atoms as acceptors in the crystal structures of small organic molecules.	Esters	53-58	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	66-69
15276298-5	2004	A transesterification process of the ester group from position 2 to position 1 accounted for the intense activity of cis-1-hydroxy-2-acyloxy-1,2-dihydrobenzo[b]acronycine derivatives.	Esters	7-12	suppressor of cytokine signaling 1	Homo sapiens	117-122
15246616-7	2004	The ester induced both IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses in mice in a dispersed form without base oil.	Esters	4-9	LOC105243590	Mus musculus	23-27
15299127-4	2004	Instead, TaIAR3 has low specificity for the ester conjugates IAA-Glc and IAA-myoinositol and high specificity for the conjugates of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA-Ala and IBA-Gly) and indole-3-propionic-acid (IPA-Ala) so far tested.	Esters	44-49	IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1-like 1	Triticum aestivum	9-15
15246616-7	2004	The ester induced both IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses in mice in a dispersed form without base oil.	Esters	4-9	immunoglobulin heavy variable V1-9	Mus musculus	32-37
15254624-2	2004	Reagent, based on the novel phosphorus heterocycle 1,1,3,3-tetraphenyl-2-oxa-1,3-diphospholanium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate), was found to be a useful reagent for ester and amide formation.	Esters	166-171	OXA1L mitochondrial inner membrane protein	Homo sapiens	73-78
15260473-4	2004	The possible existence of a lipid-water interface due to the formation of small aggregates of vinyl esters or TAG in solution may account for the HSL activity observed below the solubility limit of the substrate.	Esters	100-106	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Homo sapiens	146-149
15257613-9	2004	Taken together, these results showed that PAP esters are substrates of hPL and that the two hydrolytic steps exhibit kinetic resolution in favor of the (S)-enantiomers.	Esters	46-52	galectin 1	Homo sapiens	71-74
15248738-4	2004	The transcription process of organogel fibers into CdS nanofibers was investigated, and it was found that Cd2+ ions were coated on the organogel fibers by the interaction with ester groups of 4, which might lead to the change of the arrangement of the organogelator and seemed to serve as nucleation sites for metalization.	Esters	176-181	CD2 molecule	Homo sapiens	106-109
15236589-7	2004	Collectively, the data indicate that VHR and likely all DSPs can match leaving-group potential with the timing of the proton transfer to the ester oxygen, such that diverse aryl and alkyl phosphoesters are turned over with similar catalytic efficiency.	Esters	141-146	dual specificity phosphatase 3	Homo sapiens	37-40
15248181-6	2004	Insertion of an OCHF(2) group in position 2 of the 4-phenylsubstituent and propoxyethylgroup R in ester moieties in positions 3 and 5 of the DHP structure, as well as an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the ester moiety, significantly modified the properties of the compound.	Esters	98-103	dihydropyrimidinase	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
15248181-6	2004	Insertion of an OCHF(2) group in position 2 of the 4-phenylsubstituent and propoxyethylgroup R in ester moieties in positions 3 and 5 of the DHP structure, as well as an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the ester moiety, significantly modified the properties of the compound.	Esters	216-221	dihydropyrimidinase	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
15210147-2	2004	Ether derivatives were synthesized through the epoxy ether intermediate of erythromycin-9-oxime, followed by opening of the epoxy linkage through various amines, whereas esters have been prepared through DCC mediated protocol.	Esters	170-176	DCC netrin 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	204-207
15239056-3	2004	Subtilisin Carlsberg favored esters of (1S,5S,6S)-1, while bovine cholesterol esterase favored esters of (1R,5R,6R)-1, consistent with the approximately mirror-image arrangement of the active sites of subtilisins and lipases/esterases.	Esters	95-101	carboxyl ester lipase	Bos taurus	66-86
14999730-10	2004	These results likely reflect an interaction of the ester form with P-gp and BCRP during the initial accumulation process, and an interaction of the free acid form with MRP after hydrolysis in the cell.	Esters	51-56	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Bos taurus	67-71
15039425-1	2004	The mammalian peroxidases, including myeloperoxidase and lactoperoxidase, bind their prosthetic heme covalently through ester bonds to two of the heme methyl groups.	Esters	120-125	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	37-52
14762102-6	2004	Bis(pivaloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine [bis(POM)PMEA], a lipophilic ester prodrug of the well characterized MRP4 and 5 substrate 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA), was chosen to examine transport characteristics in MLS-9.	Esters	85-90	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 4	Rattus norvegicus	125-129
15113582-1	2004	A series of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitors, where the methylenamino-bridge of non-classical inhibitors was replaced with an ester function, have been prepared as potential soft drugs intended for inhalation against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP).	Esters	135-140	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	37-41
15113582-2	2004	Several of the new ester-based inhibitors that should serve as good substrates for the ubiquitous esterases and possibly constitute safer alternatives to metabolically stable DHFR inhibitors administered orally, were found to be potent inhibitors of P. carinii DHFR (pcDHFR).	Esters	19-24	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	175-179
15113582-2	2004	Several of the new ester-based inhibitors that should serve as good substrates for the ubiquitous esterases and possibly constitute safer alternatives to metabolically stable DHFR inhibitors administered orally, were found to be potent inhibitors of P. carinii DHFR (pcDHFR).	Esters	19-24	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	261-265
15050629-4	2004	The (18)F-labeled butyrate showed the required properties for in vivo BChE measurement, that is, the lipophilic nature of the authentic ester, high specificity to BChE, a moderate hydrolysis rate, and the hydrophilic nature of the metabolite.	Esters	136-141	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	70-74
15158806-4	2004	We propose that stampidine undergoes rapid enzymatic hydrolysis in the presence of lipase according to the following biochemical pathway: During the first step, hydrolysis of the ester group results in the formation of carboxylic acid.	Esters	179-184	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	83-89
15158806-7	2004	We postulate that the lipase hydrolyzes the methyl ester group of the l-alanine side chain to form the cyclic intermediate in a stereoselective fashion.	Esters	51-56	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	22-28
15170325-2	2004	Energy barriers for the wild-type enzyme (wt-4OT) and for a 4OT analogue containing a backbone amide to ester bond mutation between Ile-7 and Leu-8 [(OL8)4OT] were determined by both theory and experiment.	Esters	104-109	selectin L	Homo sapiens	142-147
15158750-0	2004	Direct inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by ester bond-containing green tea polyphenols is associated with increased expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 and LDL receptor.	Esters	57-62	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	144-187
15158750-0	2004	Direct inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by ester bond-containing green tea polyphenols is associated with increased expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 and LDL receptor.	Esters	57-62	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	192-204
15158750-4	2004	We have shown that ester bond-containing GTPs, including (-)-EGCG, potently inhibit the proteasomal activity in intact hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and cervical carcinoma HeLa cells, as evident by accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and three natural proteasome targets (p27, IkappaB-alpha and Bax).	Esters	19-24	interferon alpha inducible protein 27	Homo sapiens	276-279
15158750-4	2004	We have shown that ester bond-containing GTPs, including (-)-EGCG, potently inhibit the proteasomal activity in intact hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and cervical carcinoma HeLa cells, as evident by accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and three natural proteasome targets (p27, IkappaB-alpha and Bax).	Esters	19-24	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	281-294
15158750-4	2004	We have shown that ester bond-containing GTPs, including (-)-EGCG, potently inhibit the proteasomal activity in intact hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and cervical carcinoma HeLa cells, as evident by accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and three natural proteasome targets (p27, IkappaB-alpha and Bax).	Esters	19-24	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	299-302
15158750-6	2004	Associated with proteasome inhibition by ester bond-containing GTPs, there was a significant, time- and concentration-dependent increase in levels of the cleaved, activated, but not the precursor, form of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2), an essential factor for LDLR transcription.	Esters	41-46	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	205-248
15158750-6	2004	Associated with proteasome inhibition by ester bond-containing GTPs, there was a significant, time- and concentration-dependent increase in levels of the cleaved, activated, but not the precursor, form of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2), an essential factor for LDLR transcription.	Esters	41-46	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	250-257
15158750-6	2004	Associated with proteasome inhibition by ester bond-containing GTPs, there was a significant, time- and concentration-dependent increase in levels of the cleaved, activated, but not the precursor, form of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2), an essential factor for LDLR transcription.	Esters	41-46	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	284-288
15158750-8	2004	Our results suggest that ester bond-containing GTPs inhibit ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated degradation of the active SREBP-2, resulting in up-regulation of LDLR.	Esters	25-30	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	116-123
15158750-8	2004	Our results suggest that ester bond-containing GTPs inhibit ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated degradation of the active SREBP-2, resulting in up-regulation of LDLR.	Esters	25-30	low density lipoprotein receptor	Homo sapiens	155-159
15125662-5	2004	In a physiomimetic model study, myeloperoxidase-promoted free radical-induced fragmentation of either hydroperoxy- or hydroxyoctecadienoate esters of 2-lyso-PC in small unilamellar vesicles produced the 9-hydroxy-12-oxododec-10-enoic acid (HODA) ester HODA-PC.	Esters	140-145	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	32-47
30443158-2	2004	An ester-derived titanium enolate mediated syn-aldol reaction was employed to generate the stereocenters C-5 and C-6.	Esters	3-8	synemin	Homo sapiens	43-46
30443158-2	2004	An ester-derived titanium enolate mediated syn-aldol reaction was employed to generate the stereocenters C-5 and C-6.	Esters	3-8	complement C5	Homo sapiens	105-108
30443158-2	2004	An ester-derived titanium enolate mediated syn-aldol reaction was employed to generate the stereocenters C-5 and C-6.	Esters	3-8	complement C6	Homo sapiens	113-116
15212306-4	2004	Of the parameters influencing chromatographic behaviour column type, the nature and composition of the mobile phase and column temperature were varied, while the pH of the eluent was kept constant at 4.5, a pH value at which stability of the BNP-166 ester bonds was found to be the highest.	Esters	250-255	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	242-245
15099101-3	2004	In the presence of ZnF2 or Zn(O-t-Bu)2 as an additive, the trimethylsilyl enolates of esters, including those bearing alpha-alkoxy derivatives, underwent arylation in high yield with high functional group tolerance.	Esters	86-92	zinc finger protein 2	Homo sapiens	19-23
15072549-4	2004	Using yeast microsomes expressing human P450c17 and 3betaHSDII we found that cinnamic acid methyl esters with a double bond in the thiazolidinedione core structure (M3, M5) were stronger inhibitors of P450c17 than methyl esters with the conventional core (M1, M4).	Esters	98-104	cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	40-47
15072549-4	2004	Using yeast microsomes expressing human P450c17 and 3betaHSDII we found that cinnamic acid methyl esters with a double bond in the thiazolidinedione core structure (M3, M5) were stronger inhibitors of P450c17 than methyl esters with the conventional core (M1, M4).	Esters	98-104	cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	201-208
14999730-10	2004	These results likely reflect an interaction of the ester form with P-gp and BCRP during the initial accumulation process, and an interaction of the free acid form with MRP after hydrolysis in the cell.	Esters	51-56	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2	Bos taurus	76-80
15049361-3	2004	Among the various tested lipases, the one from Candida antarctica B gave the best results allowing 73% formation of the desired ester after 6 h. Comparing the efficiency of this latter lipase with the one of Amberlyst IR120H resin in catalyzing this reaction, the biocatalyst gave a molar yield of pyroglutamate lauroyl ester of 79% compared to 69% when using the ion exchange resin starting with 1.04 mmol substrate in each case.	Esters	128-133	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	25-31
15042596-1	2004	The yeast alcohol acetyl transferase I, Atf1p, is responsible for the major part of volatile acetate ester production in fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells.	Esters	101-106	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	40-45
14741252-1	2004	In our search for potent inhibitors of the enzyme estrone sulfatase (ES), we have undertaken the synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a range of esters of 4-[(aminosulfonyl)oxy] benzoic acid.	Esters	148-154	steroid sulfatase	Homo sapiens	50-67
14741252-1	2004	In our search for potent inhibitors of the enzyme estrone sulfatase (ES), we have undertaken the synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a range of esters of 4-[(aminosulfonyl)oxy] benzoic acid.	Esters	148-154	steroid sulfatase	Homo sapiens	69-71
14532273-4	2004	Rpe65-/- knockout mice massively accumulate all-trans-retinyl esters but lack 11-cis-retinoids and rhodopsin visual pigment in their retinas.	Esters	62-68	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	0-5
15098924-9	2004	Meanwhile, it indicates that ALC, an ester of the trimethylated amino acid, can block glutamate-induced over-expression of GAD67, a key beta-cell autoantigen, suggesting a therapeutic potential of ALC in IDDM.	Esters	37-42	glutamate decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	123-128
14695884-6	2004	In particular, we have evolved PON1 variants with OP-hydrolyzing activities 40-fold higher than wild type and a specificity switch of >2,000-fold, producing PONs specialized for OP rather than ester hydrolysis.	Esters	196-201	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
14725352-12	2003	Although spermine-BBI is capable of reducing the total cholesterol and ester levels in mice, pBBI did not have as great an effect on these parameters.	Esters	59-64	Bowman-Birk type proteinase inhibitor	Glycine max	18-21
15453189-6	2004	Acyl group modification is performed using lipases or phospholipase A2-mediated transesterification or ester synthesis to introduce arbitrary fatty acid to phospholipids.	Esters	85-90	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	54-70
14691108-2	2004	This study will test the hypothesis that enzyme activities showing CE and PCE character are found in human saliva at levels sufficient to hydrolyze ester-containing composites important to restorative denstistry.	Esters	148-153	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	67-69
14715372-10	2004	In contrast, the presence of the ester chain seems to confer the ability to bind to both sites on Abeta, leading to neuroprotection against high concentrations of Abeta.	Esters	33-38	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	98-103
14715372-10	2004	In contrast, the presence of the ester chain seems to confer the ability to bind to both sites on Abeta, leading to neuroprotection against high concentrations of Abeta.	Esters	33-38	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	163-168
14654433-1	2003	The ATF1-encoded Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast alcohol acetyl transferase I is responsible for the formation of several different volatile acetate esters during fermentations.	Esters	148-154	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
14654433-3	2003	Manipulation of the expression levels of ATF1 in brewing yeast strains has a significant effect on the ester profile of beer.	Esters	103-108	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	41-45
14672420-1	2003	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2; EC 3.1.1.4) is a lipolytic enzyme that hydrolysis the ester bond in sn-2 position of phospholipids.	Esters	78-83	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-16
14611939-5	2003	Small interference RNA specific to LRAT reduced ester formation, confirming that the enzyme is present.	Esters	48-53	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	35-39
14552756-3	2003	Time dependence was observed for inhibition of nNOS by the ester.	Esters	59-64	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
14672420-1	2003	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2; EC 3.1.1.4) is a lipolytic enzyme that hydrolysis the ester bond in sn-2 position of phospholipids.	Esters	78-83	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	18-22
14529623-1	2003	Phospholipase A2 catalyses the hydrolysis of the ester bond of 3-sn-phosphoglycerides.	Esters	49-54	LOC104974671	Bos taurus	0-16
14580712-6	2003	When the hydrocarbon chains were attached to the PEG chain via an ether or an ester the leakage increased compared to pure EPC liposomes.	Esters	78-83	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	49-52
12869558-4	2003	Human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has attracted attention because it can hydrolyze toxic esters such as cocaine or scavenge organophosphorus pesticides and nerve agents.	Esters	90-96	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	6-27
12869558-4	2003	Human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has attracted attention because it can hydrolyze toxic esters such as cocaine or scavenge organophosphorus pesticides and nerve agents.	Esters	90-96	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	29-33
14572858-2	2003	The results for the symmetrical esters showed that in the series of alkyl esters increasing the length of methylene chain in C-3 and C-5 ester substituents for more than two methylene units decreases activity.	Esters	32-38	complement C3	Cavia porcellus	125-128
14572858-2	2003	The results for the symmetrical esters showed that in the series of alkyl esters increasing the length of methylene chain in C-3 and C-5 ester substituents for more than two methylene units decreases activity.	Esters	32-38	complement C5	Cavia porcellus	133-136
14572858-2	2003	The results for the symmetrical esters showed that in the series of alkyl esters increasing the length of methylene chain in C-3 and C-5 ester substituents for more than two methylene units decreases activity.	Esters	32-37	complement C3	Cavia porcellus	125-128
14572858-2	2003	The results for the symmetrical esters showed that in the series of alkyl esters increasing the length of methylene chain in C-3 and C-5 ester substituents for more than two methylene units decreases activity.	Esters	32-37	complement C5	Cavia porcellus	133-136
14710364-0	2003	Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6 and CCI-779, an ester analogue of rapamycin, additively inhibit rhabdomyosarcoma growth.	Esters	61-66	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6	Mus musculus	0-44
14602764-1	2003	Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfated ester (DHEA-S) are corticotropin-dependent adrenal androgen precursors that are uniformly low in treated patients with corticotropin deficiency.	Esters	47-52	sulfotransferase family 2A member 1	Homo sapiens	54-60
14575471-2	2003	We evaluated several cyclic peptide motifs linked by ester bonds between the P2 and P1" or the P1 and P2" side chains.	Esters	53-58	inorganic pyrophosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	77-87
14529294-8	2003	RPE65 knockouts fail to synthesize 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of rhodopsin, and accumulate all-trans-retinyl esters in the RPE.	Esters	114-120	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	0-5
12954072-2	2003	In continuation of our efforts to find highly potent activators of PKC for possible use as Alzheimer"s disease therapeutics, we designed and synthesized molecules containing two binding moieties (amides of benzolactams or esters of naphthylpyrrolidones) connected by a flexible spacer chain, which could theoretically bind to both the C1a and C1b activator binding domains of the catalytic region or to the C1 domains of two adjacent PKC molecules.	Esters	222-228	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	67-70
12734197-6	2003	This latter property appears to support the unusual ability of FAAH to hydrolyze amides and esters at equivalent rates.	Esters	92-98	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	63-67
12734197-8	2003	Collectively, these findings suggest that FAAH possesses a specialized active site structure dedicated to a mechanism for competitive amide and ester hydrolysis where nucleophile attack and leaving group protonation occur in a coordinated manner dependent on Lys-142.	Esters	144-149	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	42-46
12837487-11	2003	Solid state NMR spectra indicated a change in the chemical shift of Eudragit RS PO plasticized with methylparaben, which could be ascribed to an interaction between the hydroxyl group of the methylparaben and the ester group of the Eudragit RS PO polymer.	Esters	213-218	R-spondin 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
12957907-0	2003	Expression levels of the yeast alcohol acetyltransferase genes ATF1, Lg-ATF1, and ATF2 control the formation of a broad range of volatile esters.	Esters	138-144	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
12957907-0	2003	Expression levels of the yeast alcohol acetyltransferase genes ATF1, Lg-ATF1, and ATF2 control the formation of a broad range of volatile esters.	Esters	138-144	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	72-76
12957907-0	2003	Expression levels of the yeast alcohol acetyltransferase genes ATF1, Lg-ATF1, and ATF2 control the formation of a broad range of volatile esters.	Esters	138-144	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	82-86
12957907-3	2003	In order to investigate and compare the roles of the known Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol acetyltransferases, Atf1p, Atf2p and Lg-Atf1p, in volatile ester production, the respective genes were either deleted or overexpressed in a laboratory strain and a commercial brewing strain.	Esters	151-156	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	112-117
12957907-3	2003	In order to investigate and compare the roles of the known Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol acetyltransferases, Atf1p, Atf2p and Lg-Atf1p, in volatile ester production, the respective genes were either deleted or overexpressed in a laboratory strain and a commercial brewing strain.	Esters	151-156	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	119-124
12957907-3	2003	In order to investigate and compare the roles of the known Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol acetyltransferases, Atf1p, Atf2p and Lg-Atf1p, in volatile ester production, the respective genes were either deleted or overexpressed in a laboratory strain and a commercial brewing strain.	Esters	151-156	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	132-137
12957907-6	2003	GC-MS analysis revealed that Atf1p and Atf2p are also responsible for the formation of a broad range of less volatile esters, such as propyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, pentyl acetate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, octyl acetate, and phenyl ethyl acetate.	Esters	118-124	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	29-34
12957907-6	2003	GC-MS analysis revealed that Atf1p and Atf2p are also responsible for the formation of a broad range of less volatile esters, such as propyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, pentyl acetate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, octyl acetate, and phenyl ethyl acetate.	Esters	118-124	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	39-44
12957907-10	2003	Interestingly, overexpression of different alleles of ATF1 and ATF2 led to different ester production rates, indicating that differences in the aroma profiles of yeast strains may be partially due to mutations in their ATF genes.	Esters	85-90	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	54-58
12957907-10	2003	Interestingly, overexpression of different alleles of ATF1 and ATF2 led to different ester production rates, indicating that differences in the aroma profiles of yeast strains may be partially due to mutations in their ATF genes.	Esters	85-90	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	63-67
12878177-0	2003	The design, synthesis, and in vitro biochemical evaluation of a series of esters of 4-[(aminosulfonyl)oxy]benzoate as novel and highly potent inhibitors of estrone sulfatase.	Esters	74-80	steroid sulfatase	Homo sapiens	156-173
12837533-2	2003	All of the esters of o-, p-nitrophenols, and beta-naphthols showed moderate hydrolysis by both rCE and hCE1.	Esters	11-17	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
12841747-1	2003	[reaction: see text] Reaction of homoallylic alcohols with aldehydes in the presence of TFA gives, after hydrolysis of the ester, 4-hydroxy-2,3,6-trisubstituted tetrahydropyrans with the creation of three new stereocenters in a single-pot process.	Esters	123-128	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	88-91
12825945-3	2003	A transesterification process of the ester group from position 2 to position 1 in aqueous medium accounted for the intense activity of the cis-1-hydroxy-2-acyloxy-6-methoxy-3,3,14-trimethyl-1,2,3,14-tetrahydro-7H-benzo[b]pyrano[3,2-h]acridin-7-one derivatives 10-13.	Esters	7-12	suppressor of cytokine signaling 1	Homo sapiens	139-144
12877583-0	2003	Design and synthesis of dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors encompassing a bridging ester group.	Esters	83-88	dihydrofolate reductase	Mus musculus	24-47
12877583-5	2003	Four classical DHFR inhibitors encompassing ester bridges in the central parts of the molecules were synthesized.	Esters	44-49	dihydrofolate reductase	Mus musculus	15-19
12884871-0	2003	The ester-bonded palmitoyl side chains of Pam3CysSerLys4 lipopeptide account for its powerful adjuvanticity to HLA class I-restricted CD8+ T lymphocytes.	Esters	4-9	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	134-137
12837487-11	2003	Solid state NMR spectra indicated a change in the chemical shift of Eudragit RS PO plasticized with methylparaben, which could be ascribed to an interaction between the hydroxyl group of the methylparaben and the ester group of the Eudragit RS PO polymer.	Esters	213-218	R-spondin 1	Homo sapiens	241-246
12731886-12	2003	Second, catalytic rate constants in the initial intermediate formed during acylation (EAP, where EA is the acyl enzyme and P is the alcohol leaving group cleaved from the ester substrate) may be constrained such that the leaving group P must dissociate before hydrolytic deacylation can occur.	Esters	171-176	glutamyl aminopeptidase	Homo sapiens	86-89
12937998-10	2003	The effect of substrate levels on ester production was explored in the two bacterial hosts to demonstrate the efficacy of utilizing ATF1 and ATF2 in bacteria for ester production.	Esters	34-39	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	132-136
12937998-10	2003	The effect of substrate levels on ester production was explored in the two bacterial hosts to demonstrate the efficacy of utilizing ATF1 and ATF2 in bacteria for ester production.	Esters	34-39	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	141-145
12937998-10	2003	The effect of substrate levels on ester production was explored in the two bacterial hosts to demonstrate the efficacy of utilizing ATF1 and ATF2 in bacteria for ester production.	Esters	162-167	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	132-136
12937998-10	2003	The effect of substrate levels on ester production was explored in the two bacterial hosts to demonstrate the efficacy of utilizing ATF1 and ATF2 in bacteria for ester production.	Esters	162-167	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	141-145
12700336-11	2003	More strikingly, the immunoreactivity was significantly enhanced when the sections were treated with alkali or phospholipase A2 for hydrolyzing the ester bonds prior to the staining.	Esters	148-153	phospholipase A2	Oryctolagus cuniculus	111-127
12695354-0	2003	Characterization of in vitro biotransformation of new, orally active, direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran, an amidoxime and ester prodrug.	Esters	127-132	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	77-85
12757383-1	2003	A Boc-protected amino acid containing an ester function, 2-([N-Boc-glycyl]oxymethyl)benzoic acid, has been synthesized and incorporated into peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomers.	Esters	41-46	BOC cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated	Homo sapiens	2-5
12757383-1	2003	A Boc-protected amino acid containing an ester function, 2-([N-Boc-glycyl]oxymethyl)benzoic acid, has been synthesized and incorporated into peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomers.	Esters	41-46	BOC cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated	Homo sapiens	63-66
12724542-4	2003	The total wax amount on wax2 leaves and stems was reduced by >78% and showed proportional deficiencies in the aldehydes, alkanes, secondary alcohols, and ketones, with increased acids, primary alcohols, and esters.	Esters	210-216	Fatty acid hydroxylase superfamily	Arabidopsis thaliana	24-28
12790578-4	2003	Methylenation of the esters 7 was followed by RCM and in situ hydroboration-oxidation of the formed glycals to furnish the protected beta-C-disaccharides 10 in good overall yield.	Esters	21-27	colony stimulating factor 2 receptor subunit beta	Homo sapiens	133-139
12790595-0	2003	A novel alpha-arylation of ketones, aldehydes, and esters via a photoinduced SN1 reaction through 4-aminophenyl cations.	Esters	51-57	solute carrier family 38 member 3	Homo sapiens	77-80
12693958-1	2003	Recently we found that CYP4B1, and several other members of the CYP4 family of enzymes, are covalently linked to their prosthetic heme group through an ester linkage.	Esters	152-157	cytochrome P450 4B1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	23-29
12846439-3	2003	NCX-4016 consists of the parent molecule (aspirin) linked to a "spacer" via an ester linkage, which is in turn connected to a nitric oxide-releasing moiety.	Esters	79-84	T cell leukemia homeobox 2	Homo sapiens	0-3
12686139-3	2003	Here we construct unambiguous connection diagrams that describe the interactions among the three non-ester phosphate oxygen atoms of PLP and surrounding atoms from the protein binding site and from water molecules, the so-called phosphate group binding "cup".	Esters	101-106	pyridoxal phosphatase	Homo sapiens	133-136
12745021-3	2003	Acetylcholinesterase exhibited a preference for primary esters 1 and for the R-isomers of both 1 and 2.	Esters	56-62	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-20
12657577-1	2003	PURPOSE: Mice with a targeted disruption of the gene encoding RPE65, a protein ordinarily highly expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), accumulate abnormally high levels of all-trans retinyl ester in the RPE and exhibit very little 11-cis retinal in the retina.	Esters	203-208	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	62-67
12657577-8	2003	By contrast, the average SA of RPE ((3)H)retinyl ester in Rpe65(-/-) mice exhibited a peak at 24 or 48 hours.	Esters	49-54	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	58-63
12441342-5	2003	The fibrate esters display greater affinity for LXRs than the corresponding fibric acids have for PPARalpha.	Esters	12-18	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	98-107
12628684-0	2003	Structure-activity relationship study of human liver microsomes-catalyzed hydrolysis rate of ester prodrugs of MENT by comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA).	Esters	93-98	chromosome 1 open reading frame 56	Homo sapiens	111-115
12628684-7	2003	Despite the limited size of the dataset, CoMFA can help to rationalize the SAR of the ester hydrolysis rate of ester prodrugs of MENT.	Esters	86-91	chromosome 1 open reading frame 56	Homo sapiens	129-133
12628684-7	2003	Despite the limited size of the dataset, CoMFA can help to rationalize the SAR of the ester hydrolysis rate of ester prodrugs of MENT.	Esters	111-116	chromosome 1 open reading frame 56	Homo sapiens	129-133
12679174-1	2003	OBJECTIVE: The ester of plant stanols significantly reduces plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in Western people.	Esters	15-20	component of oligomeric golgi complex 2	Homo sapiens	104-139
12679174-1	2003	OBJECTIVE: The ester of plant stanols significantly reduces plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in Western people.	Esters	15-20	component of oligomeric golgi complex 2	Homo sapiens	141-146
12644689-9	2003	These results indicate that the cinnamoyl-adenylate intermediate synthesized by At4CL2 not only functions as an intermediate in coenzyme A ester formation but can also act as a cocatalytic AMP-donor in (di)adenosine polyphosphate synthesis.	Esters	139-144	4-coumarate:CoA ligase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	80-86
12580614-5	2003	Comparative reactivity studies for the catalase-like disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide and the epoxidation of olefins by the HPX and HPD platforms with acid and ester hanging groups reveal that the introduction of a proton-transfer network, properly oriented to a redox-active platform, can orchestrate catalytic O-O bond activation.	Esters	167-172	catalase	Homo sapiens	39-47
12441342-6	2003	Thus, these two nuclear receptors display a degree of conservation in their recognition of ligands; yet, the acid/ester moiety acts as a chemical switch that determines PPARalpha versus LXR specificity.	Esters	114-119	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	169-178
12765780-3	2003	Bk carries a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain, which is linked by ester bonds to the heavy chains of I alpha I.	Esters	63-68	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	0-2
12572798-3	2003	Enzyme-catalysed cleavage of the ester results in the formation of HL1.	Esters	33-38	intelectin 1	Homo sapiens	67-70
12413871-0	2002	Mapping of the active site of rat kidney gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase using activated esters and their amide derivatives.	Esters	87-93	gamma-glutamyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-70
12417185-1	2003	Previous investigations have demonstrated that the inflammatory cell derived enzyme, cholesterol esterase (CE) could degrade polyurethanes (PUs) by hydrolyzing ester and urethane bonds.	Esters	89-94	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	107-109
12724856-3	2003	A-Z-CINN Linker links to a potent chemotherapeutic agent, paclitaxel, via an energy-reversible ester bond and also binds a targeting agent, the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin).	Esters	95-100	CINN	Homo sapiens	4-8
12460575-1	2002	Phospholipase A(2) catalyses hydrolysis of the ester bond at the C2 position of 3-sn-phosphoglycerides.	Esters	47-52	LOC104974671	Bos taurus	0-17
12607608-9	2002	In the central nervous system, carboxylesterase-2 expression was confined to capillary endothelial cells, consistent with the enzyme having a role to protect the central nervous system from toxic esters and perhaps being a component of a blood-brain barrier system.	Esters	196-202	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	31-49
12414639-7	2002	Furthermore, treatment of mice bearing the PTEN-negative PC-3 prostate cancer xenografts with CCI-779, an ester of rapamycin in clinical development combined with doxorubicin, inhibited the growth of the doxorubicin-resistant PC-3 tumors confirming the observations in vitro.	Esters	106-111	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Mus musculus	43-47
12484464-1	2002	Electron capture dissociation (ECD) has been demonstrated to be an effective fragmentation technique for characterizing the site and structure of the fatty acid modification in ghrelin, a 28-residue growth-hormone-releasing peptide that has an unusual ester-linked n-octanoyl (C8:0) modification at Ser-3.	Esters	252-257	ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide	Homo sapiens	199-231
12437383-10	2002	In the absence of top 1, the C17 hydroxyl of CPT is involved in ester exchange (nicking of the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone followed by covalent joining of free phosphate to C17) whereas its C20 carboxyl forms two hydrogen bonds with the same guanine nucleotide at the opposite end of the broken DNA backbone.	Esters	64-69	cytokine like 1	Homo sapiens	29-32
12393139-2	2002	The structures of the synthesized NAP-PP hybrid esters were confirmed by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy and their purity was established by elemental analysis, HPLC and TLC.	Esters	48-54	catenin beta like 1	Homo sapiens	34-37
12393139-3	2002	The release of NAP as well as PP derivatives, from the ester prodrugs was studied.	Esters	55-60	catenin beta like 1	Homo sapiens	15-18
12908278-3	2002	The reaction conditions were designed for thermodynamically favorable transformation from ester to amide linkages, yielding SWNT-BSA and MWNT-BSA conjugates.	Esters	90-95	albumin	Homo sapiens	129-132
12361397-7	2002	Conjugate 5, which features an octapeptide segment attached by an ester linkage at the 4-position of vinblastine (1), undergoes rapid cleavage by PSA (T(1/2) = 12 min) between the Gln and Ser residues.	Esters	66-71	kallikrein B, plasma 1	Mus musculus	146-149
12908278-3	2002	The reaction conditions were designed for thermodynamically favorable transformation from ester to amide linkages, yielding SWNT-BSA and MWNT-BSA conjugates.	Esters	90-95	albumin	Homo sapiens	142-145
12116403-2	2002	Existing OPLS-AA torsional parameters for alkanes, alcohols, ethers, hemiacetals, esters, and ketoamides were improved based on MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ and MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ calculations.	Esters	82-88	tryptase pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	128-131
30449907-0	2002	Chelation-controlled ester-derived titanium enolate aldol reaction: diastereoselective syn-aldols with mono- and bidentate aldehydes.	Esters	21-26	synemin	Homo sapiens	87-90
12128171-2	2002	The esters synthesized (1 and 2) link AZT, by a succinyl linker, to the C-3 position of glucose and to C-6 of galactose.	Esters	4-10	complement C3	Homo sapiens	72-75
12128171-2	2002	The esters synthesized (1 and 2) link AZT, by a succinyl linker, to the C-3 position of glucose and to C-6 of galactose.	Esters	4-10	complement C6	Homo sapiens	103-106
12133631-1	2002	A two-step zero-length cross-linking procedure using active esters was successfully adopted for conjugating metanephrine (MN) and normetanephrine (NM) to bovine serum albumin (BSA).	Esters	60-66	albumin	Mus musculus	161-174
12236675-6	2002	The three esters exhibited pronounced radical scavenging activity against the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and were potent inhibitors of neutrophil elastase and cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in vitro.	Esters	10-16	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	153-172
12236675-6	2002	The three esters exhibited pronounced radical scavenging activity against the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and were potent inhibitors of neutrophil elastase and cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in vitro.	Esters	10-16	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	177-200
12230571-8	2002	Using ASA, a fluorescent fatty acid anthroyloxy analogue as a probe, ASP3c was shown to bind specifically to large fatty acids and ester derivatives, which are brood pheromone components, in the micromolar range.	Esters	131-136	chemosensory protein 3	Apis mellifera	69-74
12116403-2	2002	Existing OPLS-AA torsional parameters for alkanes, alcohols, ethers, hemiacetals, esters, and ketoamides were improved based on MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ and MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ calculations.	Esters	82-88	tryptase pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	148-151
12180533-9	2002	Due to the high lipophilicity of the ester with a calculated logP of 6.15, bovine serum albumin (BSA, 4%) was included in the receiver compartment to obtain a good in vitro-in vivo correlation.	Esters	37-42	albumin	Homo sapiens	82-95
12004065-1	2002	The rabbit reticulocyte-type 15-lipoxygenase is capable of oxygenating biomembranes and lipoproteins without the preceding action of ester lipid cleaving enzymes.	Esters	133-138	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	32-44
12135387-1	2002	Conversion of carboxylate-containing nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, such as indomethacin, to esters or amides provides potent and selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) [Kalgutkar et al.	Esters	99-105	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	160-176
12135387-1	2002	Conversion of carboxylate-containing nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, such as indomethacin, to esters or amides provides potent and selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) [Kalgutkar et al.	Esters	99-105	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	178-183
12117558-2	2002	The scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) is believed to play a pivotal role in unloading HDL cholesterol and its ester to hepatocytes.	Esters	102-107	scavenger receptor class B, member 1	Mus musculus	4-37
12117558-2	2002	The scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) is believed to play a pivotal role in unloading HDL cholesterol and its ester to hepatocytes.	Esters	102-107	scavenger receptor class B, member 1	Mus musculus	39-44
12393936-2	2002	Previously, one of our laboratories reported that natural ester bond-containing green tea polyphenols (GTPs), such as (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate [(-)-EGCG] and (-)-gallocatechin-3-gallate [(-)-GCG], are potent and specific proteasome inhibitors.	Esters	58-63	glucagon	Homo sapiens	155-158
11927584-2	2002	NTE has homologues in Drosophila and yeast and is detected in vitro by assays with a non-physiological ester substrate, phenyl valerate.	Esters	103-108	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 6	Homo sapiens	0-3
11964011-2	2002	The ester derivatives were prepared by using the tert-butoxycarbonyl (t-Boc) protection strategy.	Esters	4-9	biregional cell adhesion molecule-related/down-regulated by oncogenes (Cdon) binding protein	Mus musculus	72-75
12702310-5	2002	Only minor changes in the concentration of higher alcohols, esters and fatty acids could be observed in beer produced by the GPD1-overexpressing brewing yeast.	Esters	60-66	glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD(+)) GPD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	125-129
11994530-6	2002	Furthermore, direct activation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity with the ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate resulted in a concentration-dependent loss of cell-associated (3)H-DG, and preincubation of neutrophils with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin, which abolished both agonist-stimulated superoxide anion generation and degranulation, had no effect on TNFalpha- or fMLP-stimulated (3)H-DG uptake.	Esters	112-117	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	415-423
11994530-6	2002	Furthermore, direct activation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity with the ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate resulted in a concentration-dependent loss of cell-associated (3)H-DG, and preincubation of neutrophils with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin, which abolished both agonist-stimulated superoxide anion generation and degranulation, had no effect on TNFalpha- or fMLP-stimulated (3)H-DG uptake.	Esters	112-117	formyl peptide receptor 1	Homo sapiens	428-432
11923317-6	2002	Moreover, for IleRS the specificity for a 3"-O location of the scissile ester bond could be forced to the 2"-position by introduction of a 3"-O-methyl moiety.	Esters	72-77	isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Homo sapiens	14-19
11992782-1	2002	Synthesis of carbamates 3b which possess dual-acting PAF antagonist/TxSI using unstable esters 1, diazepines 2, K2CO3 and 18-crown-6 is described.	Esters	88-94	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	53-56
11975561-4	2002	In contrast the lipase from Candida antarctica hydrolyzed the esters of trans-2-fluorocyclohexanol 2a and esterified the fluorohydrin itself with very low enantiopreference for the (R)-isomers.	Esters	62-68	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	16-22
11985619-1	2002	Two genes (CM-AAT1 and CM-AAT2) with strong sequence homology (87% identity at the protein level) putatively involved in the formation of aroma volatile esters have been isolated from Charentais melon fruit.	Esters	153-159	AAT1	Homo sapiens	14-18
11985619-1	2002	Two genes (CM-AAT1 and CM-AAT2) with strong sequence homology (87% identity at the protein level) putatively involved in the formation of aroma volatile esters have been isolated from Charentais melon fruit.	Esters	153-159	aspartate transaminase AAT2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	26-30
11985619-6	2002	CM-AAT1 was capable of producing esters from a wide range of combinations of alcohols and acyl-CoAs.	Esters	33-39	AAT1	Homo sapiens	3-7
11985619-11	2002	Because ripening melons evolve the whole range of esters generated by the recombinant CM-AAT1 protein, we conclude that CM-AAT1 plays a major role in aroma volatiles formation in the melon.	Esters	50-56	AAT1	Homo sapiens	89-93
11985619-11	2002	Because ripening melons evolve the whole range of esters generated by the recombinant CM-AAT1 protein, we conclude that CM-AAT1 plays a major role in aroma volatiles formation in the melon.	Esters	50-56	AAT1	Homo sapiens	123-127
12086537-11	2002	For 16 indomethacin amides and esters (ImAE) inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a 6-variable QSAR model (M3) with RMSEE = 0.079 and r = 0.9839 and RMSEP = 0.151 and q = 0.9413 is built.	Esters	31-37	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	56-72
11884245-1	2002	Fatty acid conjugation of alcohols, catalyzed by fatty acid ethyl ester synthase (FAEES), results in the formation of lipophilic esters.	Esters	129-135	carboxylesterase 1D	Rattus norvegicus	49-80
11878955-1	2002	The crystal structures of catalytic antibody D2.3 Fab with the two enantiomers, 7D and 7L, which represent transition state analogues for the hydrolysis of the corresponding esters, 6D and 6L, were determined to better understand remarkable reactivity differences: the L-ester displayed significantly tighter binding (K(M)) and increased catalytic activity (k(cat)) with D2.3, even though the chiral center is 7 bonds distant from the reaction center.	Esters	174-180	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	50-53
11879047-7	2002	These results indicate that FAE is able to break the ester linkage between FA and the attached sugar, releasing FA from oat hulls.	Esters	53-58	ELOVL fatty acid elongase 6	Homo sapiens	28-31
11756449-1	2002	The heme in lactoperoxidase is attached to the protein by ester bonds between the heme 1- and 5-methyl groups and Glu-375 and Asp-275, respectively.	Esters	58-63	HEME	Bos taurus	4-8
11756449-1	2002	The heme in lactoperoxidase is attached to the protein by ester bonds between the heme 1- and 5-methyl groups and Glu-375 and Asp-275, respectively.	Esters	58-63	HEME	Bos taurus	82-86
11884245-1	2002	Fatty acid conjugation of alcohols, catalyzed by fatty acid ethyl ester synthase (FAEES), results in the formation of lipophilic esters.	Esters	129-135	carboxylesterase 1D	Rattus norvegicus	82-87
11795781-3	2002	Glycolate oxidase was immobilized onto a modified polyethersulfonate membrane by means of chemical bonding, and glycolate oxidase/catalase enzyme mixture was immobilized into a mixed-ester cellulose acetate membrane through physical adsorption.	Esters	183-188	hydroxyacid oxidase 2	Homo sapiens	112-129
11831855-7	2002	The peptidyl carboxydipeptidase activity of ECE-1 was also characterized, revealing that substrates with COOH-terminal carboxylates are highly preferred over the cognate amides and esters.	Esters	181-187	endothelin converting enzyme 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
11831906-12	2002	Ester hydrolysis with Ba(OH)(2)/MeOH gave the target prodrug 2a which is a substrate for beta-glucuronidase.	Esters	0-5	glucuronidase beta	Homo sapiens	89-107
11856002-3	2002	Oxidation of the metal carbene moiety followed by basic hydrolysis of the esters afforded enantiomerically highly enriched syn,exo-3,4,5-trisubstituted prolines, whereas acidic hydrolysis of the same functional groups proceeded with epimerization at the alpha-amino acid center leading to anti,exo-3,4,5-trisubstituted prolines of very high enantiomeric purity as well.	Esters	74-80	synemin	Homo sapiens	123-126
11791932-2	2002	A covalent amide or ester linkage is thereby supposed to form between C3b and the surface itself.	Esters	20-25	complement C3	Homo sapiens	70-73
11883643-10	2002	If the log D(oct) of the ester was > or = 3.4 and the MW > 385 Da, no measurable Caco-2 permeability was found.	Esters	25-30	plexin A2	Homo sapiens	13-16
11726184-2	2001	After ester hydrolysis, the released alcohol, a cyanohydrin, rapidly eliminates HCN to yield the corresponding aldehyde resulting in strong fluorescence.	Esters	6-11	metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1	Homo sapiens	80-83
11876265-8	2002	These results demonstrate that PAP-1 is reversibly inhibited by FFA and their CoA esters, which may play a role in directing hepatic FFA to beta-oxidation during times of increased energy demand.	Esters	82-88	PDGFA associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
12189777-2	2002	The results for the symmetrical esters showed that increasing the length of methylene chain in C-3 and C-5 ester substituents for more than two methylene units (n > 1) decreases activity.	Esters	32-38	complement C3	Cavia porcellus	95-98
12189777-2	2002	The results for the symmetrical esters showed that increasing the length of methylene chain in C-3 and C-5 ester substituents for more than two methylene units (n > 1) decreases activity.	Esters	32-38	complement C5	Cavia porcellus	103-106
12189777-2	2002	The results for the symmetrical esters showed that increasing the length of methylene chain in C-3 and C-5 ester substituents for more than two methylene units (n > 1) decreases activity.	Esters	32-37	complement C3	Cavia porcellus	95-98
12189777-2	2002	The results for the symmetrical esters showed that increasing the length of methylene chain in C-3 and C-5 ester substituents for more than two methylene units (n > 1) decreases activity.	Esters	32-37	complement C5	Cavia porcellus	103-106
11750885-4	2001	In contrast, a non-hyperbolic (sigmoidal) dependence of enzyme activity on ester concentration is found with human pancreatic lipase, triacylglycerol lipase from Humicola lanuginosa (Thermomyces lanuginosa) and partial acylglycerol lipase from Penicillium camembertii and the same substrates.	Esters	75-80	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	115-132
11754601-5	2001	However, the following were novel SAR findings: (1) semisynthetic analogues with a hydroxylated ring at the beta-position of the ester side chain at C-15 were able to induce cellular differentiation at concentrations lower than those inducing cell growth arrest, and (2) quassinoids inhibiting DNA synthesis with greater efficacy than reducing cellular viability possessed alkyl substitutions at the alpha-position of the C-15 ester side chain.	Esters	129-134	placenta associated 8	Homo sapiens	149-153
11754601-5	2001	However, the following were novel SAR findings: (1) semisynthetic analogues with a hydroxylated ring at the beta-position of the ester side chain at C-15 were able to induce cellular differentiation at concentrations lower than those inducing cell growth arrest, and (2) quassinoids inhibiting DNA synthesis with greater efficacy than reducing cellular viability possessed alkyl substitutions at the alpha-position of the C-15 ester side chain.	Esters	129-134	placenta associated 8	Homo sapiens	422-426
11754601-5	2001	However, the following were novel SAR findings: (1) semisynthetic analogues with a hydroxylated ring at the beta-position of the ester side chain at C-15 were able to induce cellular differentiation at concentrations lower than those inducing cell growth arrest, and (2) quassinoids inhibiting DNA synthesis with greater efficacy than reducing cellular viability possessed alkyl substitutions at the alpha-position of the C-15 ester side chain.	Esters	427-432	placenta associated 8	Homo sapiens	149-153
11672702-4	2001	4-chloro-N-methoxy-N-[(propylamino)carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide (API-2), was found to be a relatively selective and potent inhibitor of tALDH3A1-catalyzed oxidation as compared to its ability to inhibit nALDH3A-catalyzed oxidation, but even more potently inhibited ALDH2-catalyzed oxidation, whereas an ester analogue, viz.	Esters	302-307	baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3	Homo sapiens	64-69
11738092-2	2001	The metabolite of these monomers, bisphenol A bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether, and a common plasticizer, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), also increase the velocity of CEase-catalyzed ester hydrolysis.	Esters	184-189	carboxyl ester lipase	Bos taurus	168-173
11750885-4	2001	In contrast, a non-hyperbolic (sigmoidal) dependence of enzyme activity on ester concentration is found with human pancreatic lipase, triacylglycerol lipase from Humicola lanuginosa (Thermomyces lanuginosa) and partial acylglycerol lipase from Penicillium camembertii and the same substrates.	Esters	75-80	lipase C, hepatic type	Homo sapiens	134-156
11750885-4	2001	In contrast, a non-hyperbolic (sigmoidal) dependence of enzyme activity on ester concentration is found with human pancreatic lipase, triacylglycerol lipase from Humicola lanuginosa (Thermomyces lanuginosa) and partial acylglycerol lipase from Penicillium camembertii and the same substrates.	Esters	75-80	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	126-132
11750885-10	2001	It is assumed that the interaction of lipase with soluble multimolecular aggregates of tripropionin or short-chain vinyl esters or the formation of enzyme-substrate mixed micelles with ester bound to lipase, might represent a crucial step that triggers the structural transition to the open enzyme conformation by displacement of the lid.	Esters	121-126	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	38-44
11750885-10	2001	It is assumed that the interaction of lipase with soluble multimolecular aggregates of tripropionin or short-chain vinyl esters or the formation of enzyme-substrate mixed micelles with ester bound to lipase, might represent a crucial step that triggers the structural transition to the open enzyme conformation by displacement of the lid.	Esters	121-126	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	200-206
11887931-2	2001	Each ester augmented plasma insulin concentration and potentiated and/or prolonged the insulinotropic action of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) injected intravenously (5 pmol/g of body wt) at min 5 of the test.	Esters	5-10	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	112-135
11705466-4	2001	The labile ester linking of the glucose-containing moiety to the peptidomimetic hydroxyl of saquinavir or to the indinavir C-8 hydroxyl, which is not part of the transition state isostere, is not an obstacle for anti-HIV activity.	Esters	11-16	homeobox C8	Homo sapiens	123-126
11887931-2	2001	Each ester augmented plasma insulin concentration and potentiated and/or prolonged the insulinotropic action of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) injected intravenously (5 pmol/g of body wt) at min 5 of the test.	Esters	5-10	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	137-142
11706205-8	2001	Homology to ALD protein and other human and yeast peroxisomal transporters suggests that PXA1 imports coenzyme A esters of fatty acids and IBA into the peroxisome for beta-oxidation.	Esters	113-119	ATP-binding cassette long-chain fatty acid transporter PXA1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	89-93
11429408-0	2001	CYP98A3 from Arabidopsis thaliana is a 3"-hydroxylase of phenolic esters, a missing link in the phenylpropanoid pathway.	Esters	66-72	cytochrome P450, family 98, subfamily A, polypeptide 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-7
11447230-6	2001	This region of the CH1 domain is exposed to solvent and contains a cluster of six potential acceptor sites for ester bond formation with C3b (four Ser and two Thr).	Esters	111-116	complement C3	Homo sapiens	137-140
11591356-2	2001	Converted from the prodrug ester perindopril, the active diacid perindoprilat is distributed rapidly and extensively, primarily to tissues with high ACE activity.	Esters	27-32	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	149-152
11532319-3	2001	Model ester prodrugs using the stabilized dipeptides D-Glu-Ala and D-Asp-Ala as pro-moieties for benzyl alcohol have been shown to maintain affinity for hPepT1.	Esters	6-11	solute carrier family 15 member 1	Homo sapiens	153-159
11554839-2	2001	Comparison of the specific rotation of the synthetic ester with that of the methyl ester of natural CPE established that the latter possesses the (R) configuration.	Esters	53-58	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	100-103
11554839-2	2001	Comparison of the specific rotation of the synthetic ester with that of the methyl ester of natural CPE established that the latter possesses the (R) configuration.	Esters	83-88	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	100-103
11798972-1	2001	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EFG) on the activity of hexokinases (HKs) in mesangial cells stimulated by phobal ester.	Esters	188-193	heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor	Mus musculus	43-101
11506607-3	2001	The stereocenters of the hydroxy amino acid moiety were generated by an ester-derived titanium-enolate-mediated syn-aldol reaction, a Curtius rearrangement, and application of Dondoni"s aldehyde homologation.	Esters	72-77	synemin	Homo sapiens	112-115
11439095-1	2001	In this study, we demonstrate the presence of a transacetylase activity in human plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) that transfers short-chain fatty acids from platelet-activating factor (PAF) and its close ether- and ester-linked analogues to ether/ester-linked lysophospholipids (lyso-PL).	Esters	220-225	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	162-188
11439095-1	2001	In this study, we demonstrate the presence of a transacetylase activity in human plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) that transfers short-chain fatty acids from platelet-activating factor (PAF) and its close ether- and ester-linked analogues to ether/ester-linked lysophospholipids (lyso-PL).	Esters	220-225	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	190-193
11435437-5	2001	The protein-modification bond is of a new type in which an aspartic acid in LTP1 is bound to the modification through what most likely is an ester bond.	Esters	141-146	non-specific lipid transport protein 1	Hordeum vulgare	76-80
11672885-6	2001	Other predicted COX-2 selective compounds included are N--H indole-2-carboxylic acid diethyl 30 and piperazine 34 esters.	Esters	114-120	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	16-21
11583148-0	2001	Structure of a human S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase self-processing ester intermediate and mechanism of putrescine stimulation of processing as revealed by the H243A mutant.	Esters	72-77	adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	21-55
15348254-1	2001	This paper presents the results of a preliminary screening of a new class of bioerodable polymers, partial esters of alternating copolymers of maleic anhydride and mono-methoxyoligoethyleneglycol vinyl ethers (PAM) for use in engineered vascular tissue.	Esters	107-113	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	210-213
11471736-0	2001	New allyl ester linker and solid-phase block synthesis of the serglycin core region.	Esters	10-15	serglycin	Homo sapiens	62-71
11464073-7	2001	We speculate that lens ALDH-1 can participate in the oxidation of cholesterol or its derivatives to unidentified sterol carboxylic acids and that the labeled protein reflects capture of ALDH-1 with sterol intermediates covalently bound to the enzyme in ester linkage.	Esters	70-75	aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1	Bos taurus	23-29
11438962-4	2001	Furthermore CSP 1 was able to separate esters, amides and alpha-methyl amino acids derivatized with NBD-F.	Esters	39-45	regulator of calcineurin 1	Homo sapiens	12-17
11351275-3	2001	In anaesthetized rats receiving a primed constant infusion of MP, the ester augmented plasma insulin concentration before GLP-1 injection and potentiated the insulinotropic action of the intestinal hormone.	Esters	70-75	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	122-127
11569538-2	2001	Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters of choline.	Esters	130-136	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-20
11569538-2	2001	Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters of choline.	Esters	130-136	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	44-65
11569538-2	2001	Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters of choline.	Esters	130-136	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	67-72
11356114-5	2001	The esters of the 16alpha-formic acid series had the highest ER affinity with little difference between the straight-chain alcohol esters (from methyl to n-butyl).	Esters	4-10	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	61-63
11337056-2	2001	Model ester prodrugs using the stabilized dipeptides D-Glu-Ala and D-Asp-Ala as pro-moieties for benzyl alcohol have been shown to have affinity for hPepT1.	Esters	6-11	solute carrier family 15 member 1	Homo sapiens	149-155
11139583-5	2001	In CYP4A3, the heme is attached to the protein via an ester link to glutamic acid residue 318, which is on the I-helix, and is predicted to be within the active site.	Esters	54-59	cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 3	Rattus norvegicus	3-9
11367523-18	2001	Site directed mutagenesis experiments revealed that D1106 is responsible for the effective binding of C4A to form amide bonds with immune aggregates or protein antigens, and H1106 of C4B catalyzes the transacylation of the thioester carbonyl group to form ester bonds with carbohydrate antigens.	Esters	227-232	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	102-105
11394530-1	2001	An active ester derivative of neopterin was prepared using 4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexan 4-carboxilic acid N-hydroxy succinimide ester (MCH-NHS), conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and injected for antibody production (for both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies).	Esters	10-15	albumin	Homo sapiens	170-183
11287445-13	2001	Retinoids with ester-linking groups did not induce apoptosis but decreased the growth fraction in correlation with MUC1 induction (r = -.93; P =.02).	Esters	15-20	mucin 1, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	115-119
11367523-18	2001	Site directed mutagenesis experiments revealed that D1106 is responsible for the effective binding of C4A to form amide bonds with immune aggregates or protein antigens, and H1106 of C4B catalyzes the transacylation of the thioester carbonyl group to form ester bonds with carbohydrate antigens.	Esters	227-232	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	183-186
31303686-0	2001	Ester derived titanium enolate aldol reaction: chelation controlled diastereoselective synthesis of syn-aldols.	Esters	0-5	synemin	Homo sapiens	87-90
11330469-0	2001	Ester hydrolysis with 2,6-di(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridines and their CoII complexes in homogeneous and micellar media.	Esters	0-5	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	62-66
11312945-2	2001	Enantiopure N-(BOC)amino-7-[3-azidopropyl]indolizidin-2-one acid 1 has been synthesized by displacement of the methanesulfonate of its 7-hydroxypropyl counterpart 11 with sodium azide and subsequent ester hydrolysis.	Esters	199-204	mediator complex subunit 25	Homo sapiens	60-66
11170649-8	2001	The results of this structure-activity study indicate that compounds with carbonyl substitutions of the phenoxy group (ester, amide, or ketone moieties) demonstrate excellent antagonism of Pgp while having relatively low toxicity toward drug-sensitive cells.	Esters	119-124	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	189-192
11180070-1	2001	Esters were prepared by acylation of hydroxypropyl cellulose with fatty acid catalyzed by immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica in tert-butanol.	Esters	0-6	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	102-108
11270808-3	2001	For the carboxyheptyl glucosinolate, a novel intramolecular rearrangement reaction was observed during the final deprotection step, which generated an ester attached to the C-3 of glucose.	Esters	151-156	complement C3	Homo sapiens	173-176
11398990-10	2001	It is concluded that the estrogenic potency of metabolites formed in cattle after treatment with E2beta, like estrone, E2alpha and especially the esters of E2beta, may be significant with respect to the potential risk of the use of estradiol for growth promotion in domestic animals in certain countries.	Esters	146-152	dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2	Bos taurus	97-103
11360997-4	2001	After they enter the bloodstream, they will interact with butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; acylcholine acyl hydrolase: EC 3.1.1.8), which has an ability to hydrolyze a wide variety of esters.	Esters	180-186	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	58-79
11360997-4	2001	After they enter the bloodstream, they will interact with butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; acylcholine acyl hydrolase: EC 3.1.1.8), which has an ability to hydrolyze a wide variety of esters.	Esters	180-186	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	81-85
11398990-10	2001	It is concluded that the estrogenic potency of metabolites formed in cattle after treatment with E2beta, like estrone, E2alpha and especially the esters of E2beta, may be significant with respect to the potential risk of the use of estradiol for growth promotion in domestic animals in certain countries.	Esters	146-152	dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2	Bos taurus	156-162
11168406-1	2001	The formation of stable complexes between serpins and their target serine proteinases indicates formation of an ester bond between the proteinase active-site serine and the serpin P1 residue [Egelund, R., Rodenburg, K.W., Andreasen, P.A., Rasmussen, M.S., Guldberg, R.E.	Esters	112-117	endogenous retrovirus group K member 18	Homo sapiens	74-84
11306038-4	2001	4-chloro-N-methoxy-N-[(propylamino)carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide (API-2), was found to be a relatively selective and potent inhibitor of tALDH3A1-catalyzed oxidation as compared to its ability to inhibit nALDH3A-catalyzed oxidation, but even more potently inhibited ALDH2-catalyzed oxidation, whereas an ester analogue, viz.	Esters	302-307	baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3	Homo sapiens	64-69
10978758-3	2001	A drawback of the PP-2A assay method has been its lack of sensitivity towards the ester derivatives of OA and DTX-1.	Esters	82-87	protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit A, alpha	Mus musculus	18-23
11151026-7	2001	The data about the inhibition of hK1 by 4-aminobenzamidine and benzamidine help to explain previous observations that esters, anilides or chloromethyl ketone derivatives of Nalpha-substituted arginine are more sensitive substrates or inhibitors of hK1 than the corresponding lysine compounds.	Esters	118-124	keratin 1	Homo sapiens	33-36
11205008-1	2001	The potential energy surface for the prototype solvent-free ester hydrolysis reaction: OH- +HCOOCH3 --> products has been characterized by high level ab initio calculations of MP4/6-311 + G(2df,2p)//MP2/6-31 + G(d) quality.	Esters	60-65	microtubule associated scaffold protein 1	Homo sapiens	179-188
11205008-1	2001	The potential energy surface for the prototype solvent-free ester hydrolysis reaction: OH- +HCOOCH3 --> products has been characterized by high level ab initio calculations of MP4/6-311 + G(2df,2p)//MP2/6-31 + G(d) quality.	Esters	60-65	tryptase pseudogene 1	Homo sapiens	202-210
11205008-2	2001	These calculations reveal that the approach of an OH- ion leads to the formation of two distinct ion-molecule complexes: 1) the MS1 species with the hydroxide ion hydrogen bonded to the methyl group of the ester, and 2) the MS4 moiety resulting from proton abstraction of the formyl hydrogen by the hydroxide ion and formation of a three-body complex of water, methoxide ion and carbon monoxide.	Esters	206-211	MS	Homo sapiens	128-131
11205008-2	2001	These calculations reveal that the approach of an OH- ion leads to the formation of two distinct ion-molecule complexes: 1) the MS1 species with the hydroxide ion hydrogen bonded to the methyl group of the ester, and 2) the MS4 moiety resulting from proton abstraction of the formyl hydrogen by the hydroxide ion and formation of a three-body complex of water, methoxide ion and carbon monoxide.	Esters	206-211	MS4	Homo sapiens	224-227
11151026-7	2001	The data about the inhibition of hK1 by 4-aminobenzamidine and benzamidine help to explain previous observations that esters, anilides or chloromethyl ketone derivatives of Nalpha-substituted arginine are more sensitive substrates or inhibitors of hK1 than the corresponding lysine compounds.	Esters	118-124	keratin 1	Homo sapiens	248-251
11133096-1	2000	A number of alkanesulfonyl halides (chlorides and fluorides) and esters were synthesized and their effect on the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) was studied.	Esters	65-71	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	125-143
11219814-2	2001	Characterisation of the complex has demonstrated that DHP (20% wt) was covalently linked by ester bonds to the pectin.	Esters	92-97	dihydropyrimidinase	Homo sapiens	54-57
11398915-1	2001	UNLABELLED: Perindopril erbumine (perindopril) is a prodrug ester of perindoprilat, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.	Esters	60-65	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	87-116
11398915-1	2001	UNLABELLED: Perindopril erbumine (perindopril) is a prodrug ester of perindoprilat, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.	Esters	60-65	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	118-121
11133096-1	2000	A number of alkanesulfonyl halides (chlorides and fluorides) and esters were synthesized and their effect on the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) was studied.	Esters	65-71	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	145-148
10998062-11	2000	As already observed with eukaryal EF-1alpha, SsEF-1alpha in its GDP-bound form was also able to protect the ester bond of aminoacyl-tRNA, even though with a 10-fold lower efficiency compared with SsEF-1alphaz.rad;Gpp(NH)p. The overall results indicated that the archaeal elongation factor 1alpha shares several properties with eukaryal EF-1alpha but not with eubacterial EF-Tu.	Esters	108-113	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	45-56
11152270-2	2000	The decrease in the intensity of the nuC=O ester band of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine at 1733 cm(-1) and the appearance of two new infrared bands in the 1530-1580 cm(-1) region allowed to monitor phospholipid hydrolysis by PLA2.	Esters	43-48	nucleobindin 1	Homo sapiens	37-40
11123966-2	2000	The purpose of this investigation was to determine the extent to which secondary N-alkyl-N-hydroxy arylamines interact with aryl sulfotransferase (AST) IV (also known as tyrosine-ester sulfotransferase or ST1A1) and to evaluate these interactions using molecular modeling techniques.	Esters	179-184	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-154
11123966-2	2000	The purpose of this investigation was to determine the extent to which secondary N-alkyl-N-hydroxy arylamines interact with aryl sulfotransferase (AST) IV (also known as tyrosine-ester sulfotransferase or ST1A1) and to evaluate these interactions using molecular modeling techniques.	Esters	179-184	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	205-210
11073588-2	2000	Break in the Bronsted plot of the apparent second-order rate constants versus the pK(a) of the leaving group suggests that the reaction mechanism changes from E1cB to B(Ac)2 for esters having pK(a) higher than about 6.	Esters	178-184	adenylate cyclase 2	Homo sapiens	159-173
11061974-1	2000	EST2 is a novel thermophilic carboxylesterase, isolated and cloned from Alicyclobacillus (formerly Bacillus) acidocaldarius, which optimally hydrolyses esters with acyl chain lengths of six to eight carbon atoms at 70 degrees C. On the basis of the amino acid sequence homology, it has been classified as a member of the mammalian hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) subfamily.	Esters	152-158	telomerase reverse transcriptase	Homo sapiens	0-4
11061974-1	2000	EST2 is a novel thermophilic carboxylesterase, isolated and cloned from Alicyclobacillus (formerly Bacillus) acidocaldarius, which optimally hydrolyses esters with acyl chain lengths of six to eight carbon atoms at 70 degrees C. On the basis of the amino acid sequence homology, it has been classified as a member of the mammalian hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) subfamily.	Esters	152-158	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Homo sapiens	331-355
11061974-1	2000	EST2 is a novel thermophilic carboxylesterase, isolated and cloned from Alicyclobacillus (formerly Bacillus) acidocaldarius, which optimally hydrolyses esters with acyl chain lengths of six to eight carbon atoms at 70 degrees C. On the basis of the amino acid sequence homology, it has been classified as a member of the mammalian hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) subfamily.	Esters	152-158	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Homo sapiens	357-360
11052790-1	2000	The relative binding affinities to human dihydrofolate reductase of four new potential antifolates, containing ester linkages between the two aromatic systems, were estimated by free energy perturbation simulations.	Esters	111-116	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	41-64
11052790-2	2000	The ester analogue, predicted to exhibit the highest binding affinity to human dihydrofolate reductase, and a reference ester (more structurally related to methotrexate) were synthesized.	Esters	4-9	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	79-102
10998062-11	2000	As already observed with eukaryal EF-1alpha, SsEF-1alpha in its GDP-bound form was also able to protect the ester bond of aminoacyl-tRNA, even though with a 10-fold lower efficiency compared with SsEF-1alphaz.rad;Gpp(NH)p. The overall results indicated that the archaeal elongation factor 1alpha shares several properties with eukaryal EF-1alpha but not with eubacterial EF-Tu.	Esters	108-113	ribosomal protein S18-alanine N-acetyltransferase	Saccharolobus solfataricus	47-56
10987940-3	2000	The DCC-mediated coupling reaction of a variety of pentose enitols (1a-c) with a number of C-5- and C-6-monosaccharide carboxylic acids (2a-e) gave the corresponding esters 3a-l in good yield.	Esters	166-172	DCC netrin 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	4-7
10993248-3	2000	However, replacing the ester group at C-3 in 2 and its analogues with an amido group yielded inactive or much less potent compounds against HIV replication, indicating that the ester group at C-3 in 2-4 is essential for potent anti-HIV activity.	Esters	177-182	complement C3	Homo sapiens	38-41
10993248-3	2000	However, replacing the ester group at C-3 in 2 and its analogues with an amido group yielded inactive or much less potent compounds against HIV replication, indicating that the ester group at C-3 in 2-4 is essential for potent anti-HIV activity.	Esters	177-182	complement C3	Homo sapiens	192-195
10993248-3	2000	However, replacing the ester group at C-3 in 2 and its analogues with an amido group yielded inactive or much less potent compounds against HIV replication, indicating that the ester group at C-3 in 2-4 is essential for potent anti-HIV activity.	Esters	23-28	complement C3	Homo sapiens	38-41
10993248-3	2000	However, replacing the ester group at C-3 in 2 and its analogues with an amido group yielded inactive or much less potent compounds against HIV replication, indicating that the ester group at C-3 in 2-4 is essential for potent anti-HIV activity.	Esters	23-28	complement C3	Homo sapiens	192-195
10956194-0	2000	Ester and amide derivatives of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, indomethacin, as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.	Esters	0-5	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	98-114
10945871-3	2000	The ester and ester/amide derivatives of butyrate were shown to block proliferation by interleukin-2-stimulated murine Th1 cells in vitro.	Esters	4-9	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	87-100
10945871-3	2000	The ester and ester/amide derivatives of butyrate were shown to block proliferation by interleukin-2-stimulated murine Th1 cells in vitro.	Esters	14-19	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	87-100
10931862-5	2000	Disruption of the PEX11 gene results in impaired formation of MCFA-CoA esters as measured in intact cells, whereas their formation is normal in cell lysates.	Esters	71-77	Pex11p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-23
10983625-2	2000	This study explores whether an ester of succinic acid could be used to potentiate the insulin secretory response to GLP-1 in vivo.	Esters	31-36	glucagon	Rattus norvegicus	116-121
10984115-4	2000	Results indicate that P. cyclopium lipases I and II and human pancreatic lipase hydrolyze solutions of vinyl propionate or vinyl butyrate at high relative rates compared with emulsions of the same esters, although, in all cases, maximal activity is reached in the presence of emulsified particles, at substrate concentrations above the solubility limit.	Esters	197-203	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	62-79
10910502-3	2000	Cholinesterases such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) hydrolyze and inactivate several anesthetic drugs, including cocaine, heroin, esmolol, local ester anesthetics, and neuromuscular blocking drugs.	Esters	6-11	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	46-50
10882510-2	2000	The adsorption of PDE/ester coaggregates to the surfaces was studied by hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl esters in aqueous PDE(30) solutions.	Esters	22-27	aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1	Homo sapiens	118-121
10882510-3	2000	The extent of reaction of p-nitrophenyl myristate, an ester with a linear acyl carbon chain length of 14, can be viewed as a probe to study the adhesion of the PDE/ester coaggregates to the cuvette surfaces.	Esters	54-59	aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1	Homo sapiens	160-163
10882510-3	2000	The extent of reaction of p-nitrophenyl myristate, an ester with a linear acyl carbon chain length of 14, can be viewed as a probe to study the adhesion of the PDE/ester coaggregates to the cuvette surfaces.	Esters	164-169	aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1	Homo sapiens	160-163
11097056-1	2000	The hydrolytic activity of the 1,3,5-triaminocyclohexane derivatives TACH, TACI and TMCA complexed to Zn(II) and Cu(II) towards a model phosphoric ester and plasmid DNA has been evaluated by means of spectroscopic and gel-electrophoresis techniques.	Esters	147-152	TNF receptor superfamily member 13B	Homo sapiens	75-79
10956194-13	2000	Conversion of indomethacin into ester and amide derivatives provides a facile strategy for generating highly selective COX-2 inhibitors and eliminating the gastrointestinal side effects of the parent compound.	Esters	32-37	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	119-124
10861231-1	2000	Nascent C3b can form ester bonds with various target molecules on the cell surface and in the fluid phase.	Esters	21-26	complement C3	Homo sapiens	8-11
11196900-1	2000	A variety of lariat ethers were employed to solubilize water-soluble cytochrome c in methanol, in which alcohol, ether, ester, amine, and amide functionalities were attached as cation-ligating side arms to 18-crown-6, 15-crown-5, and 12-crown-4 rings.	Esters	120-125	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	69-81
10864760-2	2000	The so-formed syn-alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxy amides were transformed into other valuable chiral nonracemic synthons such as alpha-methyl-beta-hydroxyacids, esters, and ketones.	Esters	155-161	synemin	Homo sapiens	14-17
10866621-9	2000	The isomer (1,2-Cp-2-I) formed in 10-20% displays delta(O(1)H) at 19.3 ppm and is the enol analogue of Cp-5 whereas its main isomer (30-55%) (1,2-Cp-2-IV) has the ester structure.	Esters	163-168	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	16-20
10774007-1	2000	Use of the intramolecular formation of tricyclooxonium ylides Two types of bicyclic ortho esters 14 and 18, which are tethered to a diazocarbonyl group by polymethylene linkages--(CH2)n--of different lengths (n = 1-3 for 14 and 1-4 for 18), were prepared and catalytically decomposed by treatment with Rh2(OAc)4 either in the presence or absence of a protic nucleophile (MeOH, PhOH, AcOH) to give ring-enlargement product lactones 25 and 30 of different sizes.	Esters	90-96	Rh associated glycoprotein	Homo sapiens	302-311
10759471-5	2000	METHODS: PSA was released from the PSA-ACT complex by cleaving the interprotein ester bond with ethanolamine under alkaline conditions.	Esters	80-85	kallikrein related peptidase 3	Homo sapiens	9-12
10759471-5	2000	METHODS: PSA was released from the PSA-ACT complex by cleaving the interprotein ester bond with ethanolamine under alkaline conditions.	Esters	80-85	kallikrein related peptidase 3	Homo sapiens	35-38
10798378-7	2000	The study was completed by using the resulting N(alpha)-protected peptide esters as acyl donors in trypsin-, alpha-chymotrypsin- and V8 protease-catalyzed fragment condensations.	Esters	74-80	immunoglobulin superfamily member 3	Homo sapiens	109-135
10814019-2	2000	Asymmetry is achieved via the enzymatic desymmetrization of advanced meso diacetate 20, through PPL-mediated ester hydrolysis.	Esters	109-114	periplakin	Homo sapiens	96-99
10788458-2	2000	In this study the proteolysis of intact viral capsid proteins, the alpha-glucosidase-catalyzed hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-alpha-glucopyranoside and the lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed ester hydrolysis of resorufin were examined.	Esters	182-187	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	153-171
10805441-2	2000	On lipid bodies of germinating cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings, the modification of linoleoyl moieties by this LOX precedes the hydrolysis of the ester bonds.	Esters	154-159	probable linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5-like	Cucumis sativus	119-122
10660529-10	2000	Spare reactive ester groups can be used to conjugate targeting ligands (e.g. transferrin) on to the surface of the complex to provide a means of tissue-specific targeting and transfection.	Esters	15-20	transferrin	Homo sapiens	77-88
10685879-4	2000	Among the LAs tested, procaine and other ester-type LAs inhibited [3H]DA uptake and binding of [3H]2-beta-carbomethoxy-3-beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (CFT), a cocaine analogue, in COS cells expressing rat dopamine transporter (DAT).	Esters	41-46	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	205-225
10601722-1	2000	The Leu-enkephalin analogue (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-Leu-NH(2)) was synthesized together with three esters prodrugs hereof.	Esters	94-100	prodynorphin	Homo sapiens	4-18
10685879-4	2000	Among the LAs tested, procaine and other ester-type LAs inhibited [3H]DA uptake and binding of [3H]2-beta-carbomethoxy-3-beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (CFT), a cocaine analogue, in COS cells expressing rat dopamine transporter (DAT).	Esters	41-46	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	227-230
10608918-1	1999	Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) is an ester of the trimethylated amino acid, L-carnitine, and is synthesized in the human brain, liver, and kidney by the enzyme ALC-transferase.	Esters	31-36	allantoicase	Homo sapiens	20-23
10644724-0	2000	Cholesterol 3-sulfate interferes with cornified envelope assembly by diverting transglutaminase 1 activity from the formation of cross-links and esters to the hydrolysis of glutamine.	Esters	145-151	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	79-97
10633043-0	2000	Synthesis and SAR of 4-aryl-2-hydroxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acids and esters and 2-amino-4-aryl-4-oxobut-2-enoic acids and esters: potent inhibitors of kynurenine-3-hydroxylase as potential neuroprotective agents.	Esters	65-71	kynurenine 3-monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	147-171
10633043-0	2000	Synthesis and SAR of 4-aryl-2-hydroxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acids and esters and 2-amino-4-aryl-4-oxobut-2-enoic acids and esters: potent inhibitors of kynurenine-3-hydroxylase as potential neuroprotective agents.	Esters	118-124	kynurenine 3-monooxygenase	Homo sapiens	147-171
10611389-1	1999	Chlorophyllase (Chlase) is the first enzyme involved in chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester bond to yield chlorophyllide and phytol.	Esters	118-123	chlorophyllase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-14
10611389-1	1999	Chlorophyllase (Chlase) is the first enzyme involved in chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester bond to yield chlorophyllide and phytol.	Esters	118-123	chlorophyllase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-22
12903345-6	2000	The resulting complex was deposited on amino silanized mica where NHS-ester moiety of the cross linker reacted with the primary amino group on the surface.	Esters	70-75	MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A	Homo sapiens	55-59
10570951-2	1999	High-Mr reaction products were also detected after incubation of C1Inh with NS3 but not with NS3p; they correspond to ester-bonded complexes from their hydroxylamine lability.	Esters	118-123	serpin family G member 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
10571985-2	1999	In contrast to this general principle, the serine hydrolytic enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) was found to degrade amides and esters with equivalent catalytic efficiencies.	Esters	134-140	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	96-100
10571985-4	1999	Conversion of this same lysine residue to glutamic acid (K142E) produced an enzyme that also displayed severely diminished catalytic activity, but one that now maintained FAAH"s ability to react with amides and esters at competitive rates.	Esters	211-217	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	171-175
10570951-2	1999	High-Mr reaction products were also detected after incubation of C1Inh with NS3 but not with NS3p; they correspond to ester-bonded complexes from their hydroxylamine lability.	Esters	118-123	KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	76-79
10454528-5	1999	The short-chain acyl esters of carnitine are also transported by OCTN2.	Esters	21-27	solute carrier family 22 member 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
10480885-2	1999	The heme group of myeloperoxidase is covalently linked via two ester bonds to the protein and a unique sulfonium ion linkage involving Met(243).	Esters	63-68	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	18-33
10479291-10	1999	Esters 2 and 3 were the more potent TGase activators than 1, in agreement with the stronger activation of the RAR receptors by 2 and 3.	Esters	0-6	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
10479291-10	1999	Esters 2 and 3 were the more potent TGase activators than 1, in agreement with the stronger activation of the RAR receptors by 2 and 3.	Esters	0-6	retinoic acid receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	110-113
10484391-1	1999	Carboxyl ester lipase (bile salt-stimulated lipase) is a pancreatic enzyme capable of hydrolyzing esters of cholesterol and fat-soluble vitamins.	Esters	98-104	carboxyl ester lipase	Mus musculus	0-50
10464015-5	1999	The ester derivative of 41 (56) had the ability to induce apoptosis which was dependent on the concentration of anti-Fas antibody in the colon cancer cell line, DLD-1, which expresses both Fas and FAP-1 and is resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis.	Esters	4-9	protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 13	Homo sapiens	197-202
10447690-0	1999	Characterization of the Asp94 and Glu242 mutants in myeloperoxidase, the residues linking the heme group via ester bonds.	Esters	109-114	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	52-67
10474772-2	1999	In human blood, heroin is rapidly hydrolysed by sequential deacylation of two ester bonds to yield first 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), then morphine.	Esters	78-83	sarcoglycan gamma	Homo sapiens	129-132
10447690-7	1999	We have examined the effects of mutation of Asp94 and Glu242, responsible for those ester bonds in myeloperoxidase, on the spectroscopic properties and catalytic activity of this enzyme.	Esters	84-89	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	99-114
10447690-10	1999	The second species has spectroscopic characteristics similar to that of Met243-->Gln mutant, and it is therefore concluded that, besides loss of the ester bond involving Asp94, this species also has lost the sulfonium ion linkage that is also characteristic of myeloperoxidase.	Esters	152-157	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	264-279
11671097-4	1999	X-ray diffraction, FAB-MS, (23)Na NMR binding studies, and computer modeling experiments demonstrated that the cyclens having ester-, amide-, and pyridine-functionalized side arms formed highly selective encapsulated Na(+) complexes via a cooperative action of parent cyclen and side arms.	Esters	126-131	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	19-22
10381793-7	1999	Hydrolysis of meperidine by hCE-1 was consistent with its specificity for hydrolysis of esters containing simple aliphatic alcohol substituents.	Esters	88-94	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
10411887-0	1999	A novel function for transglutaminase 1: attachment of long-chain omega-hydroxyceramides to involucrin by ester bond formation.	Esters	106-111	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	21-39
10411887-2	1999	Here we show that the membrane-bound form of the TGase 1 enzyme can also form ester bonds between specific glutaminyl residues of human involucrin and a synthetic analog of epidermal specific omega-hydroxyceramides.	Esters	78-83	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	49-56
10442213-1	1999	Thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate (TGA, CAS 20192-91-0) is a water soluble ester of thiamphenicol (TAP) that allows a rapid utilization by the systemic route but also a direct local action when used as aerosol.	Esters	82-87	breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 1	Mus musculus	47-50
10381333-5	1999	The sole indications that the ester may serve, to a limited extent, as an alternative nutrient in starved rats consisted in a somewhat higher weight of both liver and paraovarian adipose tissue and somewhat higher activity of liver glucokinase in rats receiving the ester than in animals infused with saline.	Esters	30-35	glucokinase	Rattus norvegicus	232-243
16801101-6	1999	Sample concentrations of the esters of 8-epi-PGF(2alpha) and 9alpha, 11alpha-PGF(2alpha) were unaltered by collagen stimulation.	Esters	29-35	placental growth factor	Homo sapiens	45-48
16801101-6	1999	Sample concentrations of the esters of 8-epi-PGF(2alpha) and 9alpha, 11alpha-PGF(2alpha) were unaltered by collagen stimulation.	Esters	29-35	placental growth factor	Homo sapiens	77-80
10358043-0	1999	Biochemical evidence for heme linkage through esters with Asp-93 and Glu-241 in human eosinophil peroxidase.	Esters	46-52	eosinophil peroxidase	Homo sapiens	86-107
10358043-11	1999	This is the first biochemical support for ester linkage to two specific residues in eosinophil peroxidase.	Esters	42-47	eosinophil peroxidase	Homo sapiens	84-105
10358043-12	1999	From a parallel study with LPO, we show that Asp-125 and Glu-275 are engaged in ester linkage.	Esters	80-85	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	27-30
10408342-2	1999	The transfer active ester condensation technique, together with the Tnm amine protecting group, were used successfully in the peptide segment coupling reaction.	Esters	20-25	teneurin transmembrane protein 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
10399491-8	1999	Although the effect of the C-4 R2-substituent on analgesic activity was variable within the ester, acid and amide sub-groups of compounds, compounds having a R2-cyclohexyl substituent generally provided superior analgesic activity relative to those having a lipophilic alkyl substituent.	Esters	92-97	complement C4A	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
10794635-5	1999	Ester-type catechins (ECg and EGCg) and theaflavin strongly suppressed the gelatin degradation mediated by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP-9, which were secreted into the conditioned medium of HT1080 cells.	Esters	0-5	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	107-139
10794635-5	1999	Ester-type catechins (ECg and EGCg) and theaflavin strongly suppressed the gelatin degradation mediated by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP-9, which were secreted into the conditioned medium of HT1080 cells.	Esters	0-5	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	144-149
10411468-2	1999	Estrone glucuronide conjugates of hen egg white lysozyme were prepared by the mixed anhydride and active ester coupling procedures.	Esters	105-110	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	48-56
10411468-4	1999	Conjugation of lysozyme with estrone glucuronide by the mixed anhydride procedure gave one major derivative exclusively acylated at lysine residue 33 whereas conjugation by the active ester method gave six derivatives which were acylated at one or more of lysine residues 33, 97, and 116.	Esters	184-189	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	15-23
10408912-4	1999	PLA2-treatment and base hydrolysis experiments confirm that [3H]-AA is incorporated unmodified into K562 phospholipids and is linked by an ester bond.	Esters	139-144	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-4
10384960-3	1999	However, the inhibition of CB peaked at a definite value of [Cys], [CysOMe], [CysOEt] and [N-AcCys] and was gradually reversed over a range of higher concentrations of Cys and its esters.	Esters	180-186	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	27-29
10229647-4	1999	Hydrolysis of these esters was studied in different rat tissue homogenates, i.e., liver, intestine, plasma, skin, brain, and pure plasma cholinesterases, i.e., butyryl cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) and acetyl cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7).	Esters	20-26	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	160-182
10229647-4	1999	Hydrolysis of these esters was studied in different rat tissue homogenates, i.e., liver, intestine, plasma, skin, brain, and pure plasma cholinesterases, i.e., butyryl cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) and acetyl cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7).	Esters	20-26	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	137-151
10229647-7	1999	Hydrolysis of all four diastereomeric ester prodrugs was faster by acetyl cholinesterase than butyryl cholinesterase and is stereoselective.	Esters	38-43	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	74-88
10229647-7	1999	Hydrolysis of all four diastereomeric ester prodrugs was faster by acetyl cholinesterase than butyryl cholinesterase and is stereoselective.	Esters	38-43	butyrylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	94-116
10196186-5	1999	In addition to the extracutaneous findings noted previously, our present data indicate that pSAP deficiency in the epidermis has significant consequences including: 1) an accumulation of epidermal glucosylceramides together with below normal levels of ceramides; 2) alterations in lipids that are bound by ester linkages to proteins of the cornified cell envelope; 3) a thickened stratum lucidum with evidence of scaling; and 4) a striking abnormality in lamellar membrane maturation within the interstices of the stratum corneum.	Esters	306-311	prosaposin	Mus musculus	92-96
10090788-3	1999	Optimization of the previously reported 2-phenyl-4-quinolinecarboxamide NK-3 receptor antagonist 14, with regard to potential metabolic instability of the ester moiety and affinity and selectivity for the human neurokinin-3 (hNK-3) receptor, is described.	Esters	155-160	NK3 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	72-76
10194330-2	1999	In vivo, pancreatic CEL is thought to liberate cholesterol and retinol from their esters prior to absorption in the intestine.	Esters	82-88	carboxyl ester lipase	Mus musculus	20-23
10346941-1	1999	The oligosaccharide chain of the monodesmosidic haemolytic saponin digitonin (1) undergoes an efficient and regioselective acylation in organic solvent by use of Novozym 435 (lipase B from Candida antarctica supported on acrylic resin) in the presence of an activated ester.	Esters	268-273	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	175-181
10092826-0	1999	Amplification of the antibody response by C3b complexed to antigen through an ester link.	Esters	78-83	complement C3	Homo sapiens	42-45
10077433-10	1999	The present study suggests stereoselectivity for the C-4 dihydropyridine and to a lesser degree for the C-3" of pyrrolidine in an ester moiety.	Esters	130-135	complement C3	Canis lupus familiaris	104-107
10948398-2	1998	Subsequent intracellular cleavage of the prodrug ester would simultaneously release FLT or AZT that could inhibit reverse transcriptase (RT), and the myristic acid analogue that could inhibit myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase (NMT).	Esters	49-54	N-myristoyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	238-241
9929520-2	1999	CYP1A1, 1A2, 2D6, and 3A4 cleaved the ester with a catalytic activity of 5.5, 0.	Esters	38-43	cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
9931410-7	1999	Vitamin E depletion does not reduce the rate of LDL oxidation and analysis of the structure of the oxygenation products suggests that the majority of the products were formed via direct LOX catalyzed oxidation of LDL ester lipids.	Esters	217-222	lysyl oxidase	Homo sapiens	186-189
9990461-2	1999	In earlier work we demonstrated that a phenanthroline ligand could be introduced into the cavity of the protein ALBP and used to catalyze ester hydrolysis.	Esters	138-143	fatty acid binding protein 4	Homo sapiens	112-116
10704149-3	1999	PLA2-treatment and base hydrolysis experiments confirm that [3H]AA is incorporated unmodified in U266, IM9 and OPM2 phospholipids, and is linked by an ester bond.	Esters	151-156	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-4
9851736-5	1998	The in vitro and in vivo anti-platelet studies show that these phenolic esters inhibited (1) arachidonate-triggered human platelet aggregation and (2) thrombin-stimulated rat serum thromboxane A2 production by platelets in the clotting process almost as effectively as aspirin.	Esters	72-78	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	151-159
9813050-13	1998	We conclude that Kir6.2 is the primary target for LC-CoA esters to activate the KATP channel and that the esters are likely to induce a conformational change by a direct interference with the pore-forming subunit, leading to openings of long duration.	Esters	57-63	potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11	Mus musculus	17-23
9794919-7	1998	Preloading of WIF-B cells with a membrane-permeable ester of the calcium-dependent fluorescent indicator, Fluo-3, was followed by Mrp2-mediated secretion of the amphiphilic anion, Fluo-3, into the apical vacuoles.	Esters	52-57	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2	Homo sapiens	130-134
9863563-1	1998	A series of simple esters incorporating the N-[11C]methylpiperidine structure were examined as in vivo substrates for acetylcholinesterase in mouse brain.	Esters	19-25	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	118-138
9844578-1	1998	The synthesis of four ester derivatives of 7-theophylline-acetic acid and glycols by DCC/DMAP-mediated esterification under mild conditions was studied.	Esters	22-27	DCC netrin 1 receptor	Rattus norvegicus	85-88
9748494-0	1998	Butyrylcholinesterase-catalysed hydrolysis of aspirin, a negatively charged ester, and aspirin-related neutral esters.	Esters	111-117	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-21
9802132-1	1998	Aging is accompanied by a continuous decline of the adrenal steroid hormone DHEA and its ester DHEAS.	Esters	89-94	sulfotransferase family 2A member 1	Homo sapiens	95-100
9680411-2	1998	Glycosylation of the derived acceptor with reactive groups only at C-6 with an ortho ester of d-mannose proceeded smoothly in dichloromethane in the presence of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the degree of branching was up to 0.6.	Esters	85-90	complement C6	Homo sapiens	67-70
9721036-3	1998	These two esters do not bind to the cannabinoid receptors, nor do they inhibit adenylyl cyclase via either CB1 or CB2; however, they significantly potentiate the apparent binding of 2-Ara-Gl and its apparent capacity to inhibit adenylyl cyclase.	Esters	10-16	cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain)	Mus musculus	107-110
9721036-3	1998	These two esters do not bind to the cannabinoid receptors, nor do they inhibit adenylyl cyclase via either CB1 or CB2; however, they significantly potentiate the apparent binding of 2-Ara-Gl and its apparent capacity to inhibit adenylyl cyclase.	Esters	10-16	cannabinoid receptor 2 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	114-117
9821395-2	1998	The treatment of the selected esters [VII-VIII, XI-XII] with appropriate biguanide hydrochlorides gave 4-chloro-5-methyl-2-[2-amino-6-R3-triazin-4-ylalkyl(thio or sulfonyl)]benzenesulfonamides [XXII-XXVII].	Esters	30-36	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A	Homo sapiens	42-46
9864380-3	1999	The electrical and cationic response to the D-glucose ester occurred with a delay of between 5 and 10 min, the ester-induced increase in [Ca2+]i being suppressed in the absence of extracellular Ca2+.	Esters	54-59	carbonic anhydrase 2	Mus musculus	138-141
9836615-2	1998	In the case of the substituent located at the 2-position of the tropane ring, studies have revealed the ability of the transporter to accommodate groups of diverse structure, including ester, ketone, alkyl, alkenyl, heterocyclic, and aryl substituents, without loss of DAT binding affinity.	Esters	185-190	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	269-272
9769375-2	1998	The ester of the glucose analog potentiated the inhibitory action of the ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor.	Esters	4-9	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	73-96
9801832-3	1998	As to the catalytic mechanism of CPA, it is generally believed that while in the cases of ester substrates the carboxylate of Glu-270 functions as the nucleophile which attacks the scissile carbonyl carbon (anhydride pathway), in the case of peptide substrates the zinc-bound water molecule attacks the scissile peptide bond (general base pathway).	Esters	90-95	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	33-36
9801832-6	1998	This ester formation impairs the catalytic activity of CPA.	Esters	5-10	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	55-58
9703957-1	1998	Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) catalyzes the hydrolysis of bioactive fatty acid amides and esters such as the endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligands, anandamide (N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and the putative sleep inducing factor cis-9-octadecenoamide (oleamide).	Esters	94-100	fatty-acid amide hydrolase-like	Rattus norvegicus	0-26
9703957-1	1998	Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) catalyzes the hydrolysis of bioactive fatty acid amides and esters such as the endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligands, anandamide (N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and the putative sleep inducing factor cis-9-octadecenoamide (oleamide).	Esters	94-100	fatty-acid amide hydrolase-like	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
9668088-3	1998	Certain foods also contain the aminopentol backbone (AP1) that is formed upon base hydrolysis of the ester-linked tricarballylic acids of FB1.	Esters	101-106	JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	53-56
9667978-6	1998	Indeed, the ester pro-prodrugs of both series were highly active in inhibiting yeast AlDH in vitro with IC50 values ranging from 21 to 64 microM.	Esters	12-17	aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member A1	Rattus norvegicus	85-89
9651377-10	1998	Together, these data indicate that involucrin, envoplakin, periplakin, and possibly other structural proteins serve as substrates for the attachment of ceramides by ester linkages to the CE for barrier function in human epidermis.	Esters	165-170	involucrin	Homo sapiens	35-45
9651377-10	1998	Together, these data indicate that involucrin, envoplakin, periplakin, and possibly other structural proteins serve as substrates for the attachment of ceramides by ester linkages to the CE for barrier function in human epidermis.	Esters	165-170	envoplakin	Homo sapiens	47-57
9718682-5	1998	Binding in the active site of JHE is promoted by structural features found in JHIII and JHB3 including the epoxide groups in their natural orientations, methyl (rather than ethyl) side-chains, and the 2E, 3 double bond that is conjugated with the ester group.	Esters	247-252	Juvenile hormone esterase	Drosophila melanogaster	30-33
9572853-0	1998	An ester bond linking a fragment of a serine proteinase to its serpin inhibitor.	Esters	3-8	endogenous retrovirus group K member 8, envelope	Homo sapiens	45-55
9658576-6	1998	Since 1 showed only poor activity against angiotensin II-induced pressor response in rats after oral administration, the carboxylic acid function of 1 was converted into prodrug esters (13).	Esters	178-184	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	42-56
9644253-5	1998	After longer incubation 9-O-acetylated Neu5Ac also appeared, suggesting the migration of an ester group from C-7 to C-9.	Esters	92-97	complement C7	Bos taurus	109-112
9644253-5	1998	After longer incubation 9-O-acetylated Neu5Ac also appeared, suggesting the migration of an ester group from C-7 to C-9.	Esters	92-97	complement C9	Bos taurus	116-119
9578548-11	1998	The acyl-enzyme inhibitor hydroxyl is properly positioned for nucleophilic attack on the ester carbonyl and therefore relactonization; furthermore, the higher resolution structure of alpha-thrombin/GR133487 shows this hydroxyl to be effectively superimposable with the recently proposed deacylating water for peptide substrate hydrolysis [Wilmouth, R. C., et al.	Esters	89-94	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	189-197
9492224-0	1998	Synthesis of monomeric and polymeric conjugates carrying a thrombin inhibitor through an ester bond.	Esters	89-94	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	59-67
9650830-7	1998	Structure-bioactivity relationship of the four suggested that an ester bond played an important role for both antipyretic and interleukin-1alpha regulatory activities.	Esters	65-70	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	126-144
9609490-2	1998	BuChE is an enzyme that participates in the metabolism of acetylcholine and hydrolyzes food esters and drugs such as nondepolarizing muscle relaxants and local anesthetics.	Esters	92-98	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-5
9521716-8	1998	This suggested that the Lp(a) was covalently linked by an ester bond.	Esters	58-63	lipoprotein(a)	Homo sapiens	24-29
9485441-2	1998	Microsomal epoxide hydrolase (MEH) catalyzes the addition of water to epoxides in a two-step reaction involving initial attack of an active site carboxylate on the oxirane to give an ester intermediate followed by hydrolysis of the ester.	Esters	183-188	epoxide hydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-28
9485441-2	1998	Microsomal epoxide hydrolase (MEH) catalyzes the addition of water to epoxides in a two-step reaction involving initial attack of an active site carboxylate on the oxirane to give an ester intermediate followed by hydrolysis of the ester.	Esters	183-188	epoxide hydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
9485441-2	1998	Microsomal epoxide hydrolase (MEH) catalyzes the addition of water to epoxides in a two-step reaction involving initial attack of an active site carboxylate on the oxirane to give an ester intermediate followed by hydrolysis of the ester.	Esters	232-237	epoxide hydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-28
9485441-2	1998	Microsomal epoxide hydrolase (MEH) catalyzes the addition of water to epoxides in a two-step reaction involving initial attack of an active site carboxylate on the oxirane to give an ester intermediate followed by hydrolysis of the ester.	Esters	232-237	epoxide hydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
9485442-2	1998	The rate-limiting step in the catalytic mechanism of MEH is hydrolysis of the ester intermediate.	Esters	78-83	epoxide hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	53-56
9613812-7	1997	FTIR transmittance spectra confirm microsphere incorporation within the polyurethane tubes and PLG ester hydrolysis occurring over the 3-month period.	Esters	99-104	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	95-98
9514087-1	1998	The enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of an ester bond at the sn-2 position of 1,2-sn-diacylglycerols, has been suggested to play an important role in regulating cellular functions.	Esters	73-78	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	11-27
9514087-1	1998	The enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of an ester bond at the sn-2 position of 1,2-sn-diacylglycerols, has been suggested to play an important role in regulating cellular functions.	Esters	73-78	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	29-33
9478041-1	1998	By 1824, Chevreul had demonstrated that fats were esters of glycerol and fatty acids of differing chain length.	Esters	50-56	chromosome 10 open reading frame 90	Homo sapiens	40-44
9405634-5	1997	This EGF function is likely mediated through a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PtdIns3K)-dependent mechanism because the EGF effects are abolished by wortmannin, and three different membrane-permeant esters of the PtdIns3K product phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate mimicked the EGF effect on CaMCS.	Esters	195-201	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	5-8
9403692-1	1997	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) comprises a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyse the ester bond of phospholipids at the sn-2 position.	Esters	78-83	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	0-16
9403692-1	1997	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) comprises a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyse the ester bond of phospholipids at the sn-2 position.	Esters	78-83	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	18-22
9405634-4	1997	To define a specific function of Ins(1,4,5,6)P4, a membrane-permeant, hydrolyzable ester was used to deliver it to the intracellular compartment, where it antagonized epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced inhibition of calcium-mediated chloride (Cl-) secretion (CaMCS) in intestinal epithelia.	Esters	83-88	epidermal growth factor	Homo sapiens	167-190
9400368-2	1997	This first structure of human chymase is present as the Ser 195 ester of alpha-toluenesulfonic acid.	Esters	64-69	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	30-37
9423145-3	1997	DMP 755 is an ester prodrug, and bioavailability reflects concentrations of the acid hydrolysis product.	Esters	14-19	mastin	Canis lupus familiaris	0-3
30407471-0	1997	ESTER DERIVED TITANIUM ENOLATE ALDOL REACTION: HIGHLY DIASTEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF SYN- AND ANTI-ALDOLS.	Esters	0-5	synemin	Homo sapiens	73-76
9407006-6	1997	The CYP6A2 protein produced in this system metabolized aldrin and heptachlor to their epoxides and metabolized the insecticide diazinon by desulfuration to diazoxon and by oxidative ester cleavage to 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine.	Esters	182-187	Cytochrome P450-6a2	Drosophila melanogaster	4-10
11671967-2	1997	Reactions of ortho esters of myo-inositol 8 or 10 with 1-2 equiv of Grignard reagents in benzene-ether yield regio- and stereoselectively the corresponding ring opening products having a free hydroxy group at C-1.	Esters	19-25	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	209-212
9342537-4	1997	Although experimental approaches to correct such a site-specific defect have so far been unsuccessful, new therapeutic tools, especially the esters of certain nutrients, may soon be available for stimulation of proinsulin biosynthesis as well as insulin release in the diseased B cell.	Esters	141-147	insulin	Homo sapiens	211-221
9291125-5	1997	The intracellular activity of mutant alpha 2M strongly indicated that alpha 2M attains its native conformation, and thus that the unusual internal S-ester is formed, before alpha 2M passes through the cleavage compartment(s).	Esters	147-154	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	37-45
9291125-5	1997	The intracellular activity of mutant alpha 2M strongly indicated that alpha 2M attains its native conformation, and thus that the unusual internal S-ester is formed, before alpha 2M passes through the cleavage compartment(s).	Esters	147-154	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	70-78
9291125-5	1997	The intracellular activity of mutant alpha 2M strongly indicated that alpha 2M attains its native conformation, and thus that the unusual internal S-ester is formed, before alpha 2M passes through the cleavage compartment(s).	Esters	147-154	alpha-2-macroglobulin	Homo sapiens	70-78
9342537-4	1997	Although experimental approaches to correct such a site-specific defect have so far been unsuccessful, new therapeutic tools, especially the esters of certain nutrients, may soon be available for stimulation of proinsulin biosynthesis as well as insulin release in the diseased B cell.	Esters	141-147	insulin	Homo sapiens	214-221
9169429-5	1997	Several ester derivatives of hydrocinnamoyl-phenylalanyl-homocysteine, one of the most potent PAM inhibitors, were prepared to increase the intracellular accessibility of these compounds.	Esters	8-13	peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	94-97
9311626-8	1997	The spectrophotometric competitive inhibition assay used here represents an effective method to identify drug or environmental esters metabolized by carboxylesterases like hCE-1.	Esters	127-133	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	149-166
9311626-8	1997	The spectrophotometric competitive inhibition assay used here represents an effective method to identify drug or environmental esters metabolized by carboxylesterases like hCE-1.	Esters	127-133	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	172-177
9300133-0	1997	Hydrolytic profile for ester- or amide-linkage by carboxylesterases pI 5.3 and 4.5 from human liver.	Esters	23-28	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	50-67
9151984-3	1997	In the present paper, we describe the direct visualization of the ester formation between rat microsomal epoxide hydrolase and its substrate.	Esters	66-71	epoxide hydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-122
9169443-10	1997	hCE-2 exhibited different drug ester substrate specificity from the human liver carboxylesterase called hCE-1, which hydrolyzes the methyl ester of cocaine.	Esters	31-36	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
11671719-3	1997	The model systems 1a,b showed that the reactivity of the ester-substituted Rh(II) carbenoid is responsive to the nature of the Rh(II) catalyst; rhodium(II) acetamide favored insertion into the tertiary C-H bond and rhodium(II) perfluorobutyrate favored insertion into the secondary C-H bond.	Esters	57-62	Rh blood group D antigen	Homo sapiens	75-81
11671719-3	1997	The model systems 1a,b showed that the reactivity of the ester-substituted Rh(II) carbenoid is responsive to the nature of the Rh(II) catalyst; rhodium(II) acetamide favored insertion into the tertiary C-H bond and rhodium(II) perfluorobutyrate favored insertion into the secondary C-H bond.	Esters	57-62	Rh blood group D antigen	Homo sapiens	127-133
9157963-3	1997	This conclusion is based on the findings that (1) phorbol esters induced translocation of PKC-alpha from the cytosol to the membrane fraction; (2) PKC inhibitors blocked the effect of phorbol esters on receptor expression; (3) diacylglycerol, a physiological PKC agonist, enhanced scavenger-receptor activity; and (4) in cotransfected human SMCs, constitutively active PKC-alpha stimulated the expression of a reporter gene under control of the scavenger-receptor promoter.	Esters	58-64	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	90-99
9157963-3	1997	This conclusion is based on the findings that (1) phorbol esters induced translocation of PKC-alpha from the cytosol to the membrane fraction; (2) PKC inhibitors blocked the effect of phorbol esters on receptor expression; (3) diacylglycerol, a physiological PKC agonist, enhanced scavenger-receptor activity; and (4) in cotransfected human SMCs, constitutively active PKC-alpha stimulated the expression of a reporter gene under control of the scavenger-receptor promoter.	Esters	58-64	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	90-93
9157963-3	1997	This conclusion is based on the findings that (1) phorbol esters induced translocation of PKC-alpha from the cytosol to the membrane fraction; (2) PKC inhibitors blocked the effect of phorbol esters on receptor expression; (3) diacylglycerol, a physiological PKC agonist, enhanced scavenger-receptor activity; and (4) in cotransfected human SMCs, constitutively active PKC-alpha stimulated the expression of a reporter gene under control of the scavenger-receptor promoter.	Esters	58-64	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	147-150
9157963-3	1997	This conclusion is based on the findings that (1) phorbol esters induced translocation of PKC-alpha from the cytosol to the membrane fraction; (2) PKC inhibitors blocked the effect of phorbol esters on receptor expression; (3) diacylglycerol, a physiological PKC agonist, enhanced scavenger-receptor activity; and (4) in cotransfected human SMCs, constitutively active PKC-alpha stimulated the expression of a reporter gene under control of the scavenger-receptor promoter.	Esters	58-64	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	369-378
15739453-3	1997	The parameters of some low-molecular-mass compounds such as alcohols, saturated hydrocarbons, aromatics, esters and halohydrocarbons on GDX-301 were measured by using elution GC method.	Esters	105-111	ubiquitin like 4A	Homo sapiens	136-139
11669877-1	1997	A series of ester-protected amino acids were coupled to ferrocenecarboxylic acid (1) using the DCC/HOBt protocol to give ferrocenoyl N-amino acids (amino acid = Glu(OBz)(2) (2a), Gly(OEt) (2b), Pro(OBz) (2c), Cys(SBz)OMe (2d), Ala(OBz) (2e), Tyr(OBz) (2f), Phe(OBz) (2g)).	Esters	12-17	DCC netrin 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	95-98
9207914-4	1997	Oral absorption of derivatives has been optimized by modifying the C-3 ester promoiety.	Esters	71-76	complement C3	Homo sapiens	67-70
9151984-9	1997	Our data provide definitive proof for the formation of an enzyme-substrate-ester intermediate formed in the course of epoxide hydrolysis by microsomal epoxide hydrolase, show no formation of a covalent intermediate between cholesterol epoxide hydrolase and its substrate under the same conditions as those under which an intermediate was shown for both microsomal and soluble epoxide hydrolases and therefore indicate that the cholesterol epoxide hydrolase apparently does not act by a similar mechanism and is probably not structurally related to microsomal and soluble epoxide hydrolases.	Esters	75-80	epoxide hydrolase 1	Rattus norvegicus	140-168
9107536-0	1997	Esterase-like activity of human serum albumin toward prodrug esters of nicotinic acid.	Esters	61-67	albumin	Homo sapiens	32-45
9107536-1	1997	The esterase-like activity of human serum albumin (HSA) toward esters of nicotinic acid was investigated under a variety of conditions such as protein concentration, temperature, pH, ionic strength, nature of buffers, and presence of organic solvents.	Esters	63-69	albumin	Homo sapiens	36-49
9071966-10	1997	In the absence of GH, hIGF-I partially supported cholesterol synthesis but had no effect on its conversion to the ester.	Esters	53-58	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	22-28
9151238-1	1997	Monoesters with the ester groups at C-2 of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and C-9 of imidazopyrroloquinoline (IPQ) were synthesized, and radical scavenging activities of coenzyme PQQ, IPQ compounds synthesized from PQQ and various amino acids, and monoesters of PQQ and IPQ were studied in vitro and in vivo.	Esters	4-9	complement C2	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
9070440-1	1997	The peptide group between residues B24 and B25 of insulin was replaced by an ester bond.	Esters	77-82	insulin	Homo sapiens	50-57
9030742-4	1997	Decreased accumulation was linked to active efflux of the hydrophilic free acid form of BCECF from the MRP-overexpressing cell lines, indicating that dye extrusion occurs after the dye ester has been converted to the free acid form in the cytoplasm.	Esters	185-190	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR/MRP), member 1	Mus musculus	103-106
9151238-6	1997	These results suggest that PQQ functions as a radical scavenging factor in addition to being a cofactor of quinoprotein enzymes, and monoesters with the ester groups at C-2 of PQQ and C-9 of IPQ are developed as treatment or preventive medicine for disease caused by radical compounds on the basis of strong radical scavenging activities, absorbability into cells, toxicity, safety and chemical stability.	Esters	137-142	complement C2	Rattus norvegicus	169-172
9151238-6	1997	These results suggest that PQQ functions as a radical scavenging factor in addition to being a cofactor of quinoprotein enzymes, and monoesters with the ester groups at C-2 of PQQ and C-9 of IPQ are developed as treatment or preventive medicine for disease caused by radical compounds on the basis of strong radical scavenging activities, absorbability into cells, toxicity, safety and chemical stability.	Esters	137-142	complement C9	Rattus norvegicus	184-187
9012632-8	1997	Similarly, CSF-1 also increased the accumulation of cholesterol and its esters nonspecifically.	Esters	72-78	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	11-16
9012632-9	1997	CSF-1 did have a marked and specific effect on the composition of cholesterol esters, decreasing the proportion of polyunsaturated esters relative to monounsaturated and saturated esters.	Esters	78-84	colony stimulating factor 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
8940168-14	1996	Sialoadhesin (but not CD22) binding is selectively enhanced by differentiation-induced loss of cell surface 9-O-acetylation and by direct enzymatic removal of the ester groups.	Esters	163-168	sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 1, sialoadhesin	Mus musculus	0-12
9332704-5	1997	We therefore investigated whether changes in the phosphorylation status would influence the activities of the N-acetyltransferases NAT1 and/or NAT2, being responsible for one of the two major pathways leading to the ultimate mutagens, the reactive esters which are derived from the N-hydroxylated metabolites of aromatic amines.	Esters	248-254	N-acetyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
9332704-5	1997	We therefore investigated whether changes in the phosphorylation status would influence the activities of the N-acetyltransferases NAT1 and/or NAT2, being responsible for one of the two major pathways leading to the ultimate mutagens, the reactive esters which are derived from the N-hydroxylated metabolites of aromatic amines.	Esters	248-254	N-acetyltransferase 2	Rattus norvegicus	143-147
9148606-5	1996	Esters of indoleacetic and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acids and 4-hydroxyphenyletanol selectively inhibit monoamine oxidase A.	Esters	0-6	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	101-120
24178720-4	1996	LAA amides and esters with saturated or unsaturated long chain amines and alcohols respectively, as well as lipidic dipeptide derivatives inhibit both pancreatic and human platelet phospholipase A2.	Esters	15-21	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	181-197
8888142-4	1996	Further, the simulations show that such a small difference in binding free energies is due to (1) weaker hydrogen bond interactions between the two (P1 and P1") NH groups of A-74704 with Gly27/Gly27" carbonyls of the enzyme and (2) the higher desolvation free energy of A-74704 compared with its ester analog.	Esters	296-301	crystallin gamma F, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	149-159
8806703-6	1996	Using the ester substrate, hippuryl-D, L-phenyllactate, we found unique esterase/ peptidase specific activity ratios among hCPA1, hCPA2, rCPA1, and bovine CPA (bCPA) ranging from 13 to 325.	Esters	10-15	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	123-128
8806703-6	1996	Using the ester substrate, hippuryl-D, L-phenyllactate, we found unique esterase/ peptidase specific activity ratios among hCPA1, hCPA2, rCPA1, and bovine CPA (bCPA) ranging from 13 to 325.	Esters	10-15	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	124-127
8698135-4	1996	In an earlier report we described a rapid non-radioactive technique using the extended ester-attached labelled SCF protein itself for detecting c-kit expression in marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear populations.	Esters	87-92	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	111-114
8698135-4	1996	In an earlier report we described a rapid non-radioactive technique using the extended ester-attached labelled SCF protein itself for detecting c-kit expression in marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear populations.	Esters	87-92	KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	144-149
8766007-12	1996	A fourth parameter influencing the choline+ transporter is the presence of an OH group on the C atom next to that bearing the N atom (as in choline+) or an ester-OCOR group (acetylcholine+, butyrylcholine+) or a thioester-SCOR-group (acetylthiocholine+, butyrylthiocholine+); or an -OP(OH)2(OR) group (glycerylphosphoryl-choline+), resulting in app.Ki,l,choline+ values of 0.3-1.0 mmol x l-1.	Esters	156-161	solute carrier family 6 member 8	Rattus norvegicus	35-55
8679536-1	1996	The mechanism by which the protein cofactor, tissue factor, enhances the activity of its cognate serine protease, coagulation factor VIIa (FVIIa), has been studied using the fluorogenic ester substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl p"-guanidinobenzoate (MUGB).	Esters	186-191	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	45-58
8813573-3	1996	The achiral ester BS-6181 displayed highest affinity for M1, M3 (Hm3) and M4 receptors (pA2 or pKi = 7.2-7.6) and lower affinity for M2 receptors (pA2 or pKi = 6.7 and 6.8).	Esters	12-17	cholinergic receptor muscarinic 1	Homo sapiens	57-63
8967498-2	1996	The rate of [1,4-14C]SAD and [2,3-14C]SAD conversion to radioactive acidic metabolites, CO2, amino acids, pyruvic acid, and lactic acid suggested that the catabolism of the ester-derived succinic acid occurred mainly through the sequence of reactions catalyzed by succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and the malic enzyme.	Esters	173-178	fumarate hydratase	Rattus norvegicus	289-297
8602875-3	1996	Activated C3b primarily forms ester bonds with hydroxyl groups of carbohydrates on complement activating surfaces, but it has also been shown to react with the hydroxyl group of tyrosine and with specific Ser and Thr residues on IgG and on complement protein C4b.	Esters	30-35	complement C3	Homo sapiens	10-13
8930175-6	1996	Pseudocholinesterase and two human liver carboxylesterases [human liver carboxylesterase form 1 (hCE-1) and human liver carboxylesterase form 2 (hCE-2)] catalyze the rapid hydrolysis of ester linkages in cocaine.	Esters	12-17	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	41-58
8930175-6	1996	Pseudocholinesterase and two human liver carboxylesterases [human liver carboxylesterase form 1 (hCE-1) and human liver carboxylesterase form 2 (hCE-2)] catalyze the rapid hydrolysis of ester linkages in cocaine.	Esters	12-17	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	97-102
8930175-6	1996	Pseudocholinesterase and two human liver carboxylesterases [human liver carboxylesterase form 1 (hCE-1) and human liver carboxylesterase form 2 (hCE-2)] catalyze the rapid hydrolysis of ester linkages in cocaine.	Esters	12-17	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	145-150
8894106-5	1996	However, consistent with the trend established with other ester and amide substrates for CPA, O-(acryloyl)-L-3-phenyllactate is a better substrate than N-acryloyl-L-phenylalanine.	Esters	58-63	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	89-92
8827720-7	1996	RESULTS: The new compounds (two esters and one amide) showed increased inhibition of TNF alpha production by LPS-stimulated human monocytes, relative to the parent drug thalidomide.	Esters	32-38	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	85-94
8622637-1	1996	The potent food mutagen/carcinogen 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) undergoes metabolic N-hydroxylation by cytochromes P450, including cytochrome P450 1A2, followed by generation of an unstable ester catalyzed by acetyltransferases; promutagenic DNA adducts result.	Esters	206-211	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2	Mus musculus	147-166
8691261-10	1996	CONCLUSION: The [14C]MP4A and [14C]MP4P esters had sufficient sensitivity to enable AchE activity changes in the rat cortex of less than 50% to be detected, indicating that the present method is applicable to PET diagnosis of Alzheimer"s disease.	Esters	40-46	acetylcholinesterase	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
8631940-15	1996	From this work and literature analysis, we suggest that the non-extractable "heme l" of LPO has the two vinyl groups of heme b but lacks the 2-sulfonium-vinyl linkage of heme m. The observed red shifts in LPO spectra may derive from ester linkages to protein as for MPO.	Esters	233-238	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	88-91
8935632-13	1996	4) The type in which the size of the ester protecting the hydroxy group at the C-17 alpha position seems to be associated with the reaction.	Esters	37-42	cytokine like 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
8631940-15	1996	From this work and literature analysis, we suggest that the non-extractable "heme l" of LPO has the two vinyl groups of heme b but lacks the 2-sulfonium-vinyl linkage of heme m. The observed red shifts in LPO spectra may derive from ester linkages to protein as for MPO.	Esters	233-238	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	205-208
8868284-4	1996	MESS-Bz-EDTA was coupled with a thiolated monoclonal antibody (OST7, IgG1) prepared by reducing its disulfide bonds to introduce the ester bond close and proximal to the antibody molecule.	Esters	133-138	LOC105243590	Mus musculus	69-73
8825421-2	1996	In sharp contrast, down-regulation of PKC by 0.05 microM calphostin C (IC50, approximately 0.05 microM for inhibiting PKC in cells) or by tumor promoter phorbol ester TPA was found to have stimulatory effect on the cellular activity of kinase FA/GSK-3 alpha, when processed under identical conditions.	Esters	161-166	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	246-257
8568825-8	1996	Compound 2, the simplest reversed ester analogue of 1 (Chart 1), exhibited a 3.5-fold reduction in binding affinity toward PK-C alpha which we attributed to the loss of a stabilizing gauche interaction that caused the ester branch in 2 to be more disordered than in the normal ester 1.	Esters	34-39	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	123-133
8568825-8	1996	Compound 2, the simplest reversed ester analogue of 1 (Chart 1), exhibited a 3.5-fold reduction in binding affinity toward PK-C alpha which we attributed to the loss of a stabilizing gauche interaction that caused the ester branch in 2 to be more disordered than in the normal ester 1.	Esters	218-223	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	123-133
8568825-8	1996	Compound 2, the simplest reversed ester analogue of 1 (Chart 1), exhibited a 3.5-fold reduction in binding affinity toward PK-C alpha which we attributed to the loss of a stabilizing gauche interaction that caused the ester branch in 2 to be more disordered than in the normal ester 1.	Esters	218-223	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	123-133
8787128-2	1996	After peripheral injection in mice, each ester showed rapid penetration into the brain and a regional retention of radioactivity (striatum > cortex, hippocampus > cerebellum) reflecting known levels of AChE activity in the brain.	Esters	41-46	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	208-212
8787128-9	1996	These esters are thus in vivo substrates for brain AChE, with potential applications as in vivo imaging agents of enzyme action in the human brain.	Esters	6-12	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	51-55
8568825-6	1996	This reversal of the ester function produced some new DAG mimetics that are embedded in a C-4 doubly-branched heptono-1,4-lactone template.	Esters	21-26	complement component 4B (Chido blood group)	Mus musculus	90-93
8678804-6	1996	Interindividual and inter-organ differences in the further metabolism of N-hydroxy-HAs appear to be important determinants of cancer susceptibility, as does the glutathione S-transferase catalysed detoxication of esters of N-hydroxy-PhIP.	Esters	213-219	glutathione S-transferase kappa 1	Homo sapiens	161-186
8600835-7	1995	The ester formed between gamma-linolenic acid and 7-hydroxycoumarin is also a substrate for cPLA2, and when incorporated into vesicles of the anionic phospholipid, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphomethanol, provides an assay in which the enzyme does not leave the vesicle surface (scooting mode).	Esters	4-9	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	92-97
8592085-3	1996	Transcription of IL-6 mRNA was first detectable 2 h after stimulation with the ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and the calcium ionophore A23187 in both cell lines, as evidenced by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis.	Esters	79-84	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	17-21
8848442-4	1996	These results, in conjunction with findings on other structurally similar molecules suggest that, of the molecules tested, (a) a hydrophobic group at the C-3 attached carbon is critical for analgesia; (b) a hydrophobic C-2 ester group can enhance analgesic activity (e.g., cocaethylene); (c) the N-methyl position is minimally important for analgesia; and (d) isomeric configurational changes can influence analgesia.	Esters	223-228	complement C3	Rattus norvegicus	154-157
8848442-4	1996	These results, in conjunction with findings on other structurally similar molecules suggest that, of the molecules tested, (a) a hydrophobic group at the C-3 attached carbon is critical for analgesia; (b) a hydrophobic C-2 ester group can enhance analgesic activity (e.g., cocaethylene); (c) the N-methyl position is minimally important for analgesia; and (d) isomeric configurational changes can influence analgesia.	Esters	223-228	complement C2	Rattus norvegicus	219-222
7590101-6	1995	In this respect, esters of carboxylic nutrients, such as succinic or glutamic acid, present the advantages of stimulating both proinsulin biosynthesis and insulin release, remaining efficient in models of B-cell glucotoxicity, augmenting the secretory response to hypoglycemic pharmacological agents, protecting the B-cell against cytotoxic aggressions, and exerting a long-term beneficial effect upon the secretory potential of the endocrine pancreas.	Esters	17-23	insulin	Homo sapiens	127-137
7563095-10	1995	Different from most other catalytic triads that catalyse the hydrolysis of an amide or ester bond, the catalytic triad in the active site of PTPS seems to be involved in the deprotonation of the substrate"s side-chain carbons.	Esters	87-92	6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase	Homo sapiens	141-145
7590101-6	1995	In this respect, esters of carboxylic nutrients, such as succinic or glutamic acid, present the advantages of stimulating both proinsulin biosynthesis and insulin release, remaining efficient in models of B-cell glucotoxicity, augmenting the secretory response to hypoglycemic pharmacological agents, protecting the B-cell against cytotoxic aggressions, and exerting a long-term beneficial effect upon the secretory potential of the endocrine pancreas.	Esters	17-23	insulin	Homo sapiens	130-137
8537826-0	1995	Scutoid mutation of Drosophila melanogaster specifically decreases olfactory responses to short-chain acetate esters and ketones.	Esters	110-116	snail	Drosophila melanogaster	0-7
8537826-11	1995	These findings suggest the involvement of Sco in an olfactory pathway in adults which is specific for short-chain acetate esters and ketones.	Esters	122-128	snail	Drosophila melanogaster	42-45
7582982-5	1995	The carbamyl derivative of thrombin formed with benzylisocyanate had the slowest rate of deacylation (2.3 x 10(-7) s-1), while the ester derivative formed with 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)methylimino-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one had the fastest rate of deacylation (1.9 x 10(-4) s-1).	Esters	131-136	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	27-35
18623367-0	1995	A comparison of lipase-catalyzed ester hydrolysis in reverse micelles, organic solvents, and biphasic systems.	Esters	33-38	probable feruloyl esterase A	Triticum aestivum	16-22
7794896-8	1995	Of particular note is that bands due to C = O stretching modes of the ester group are observed at 1733, 1719, and 1705 cm-1 in the spectrum of BChl-c in water-saturated CCl4.	Esters	70-75	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Homo sapiens	169-173
7659097-8	1995	The ester linked complexes C3b-IgG and C3b-glycerol were less stable each exhibiting a t1/2 of approximately 8 hr.	Esters	4-9	complement C3	Homo sapiens	27-30
7659097-8	1995	The ester linked complexes C3b-IgG and C3b-glycerol were less stable each exhibiting a t1/2 of approximately 8 hr.	Esters	4-9	complement C3	Homo sapiens	39-42
7794891-8	1995	Thus, cPLA2 has phospholipase A1 activity but only if an ether linkage rather than an ester linkage is present at the sn-2 position, and it is shown that the sn-1 acyl chains of both enantiomers of phosphatidylcholine are hydrolyzed.	Esters	86-91	phospholipase A2 group IVA	Homo sapiens	6-11
7642178-0	1995	In vivo stimulation of insulin secretion by novel esters of succinic acid.	Esters	50-56	insulin	Homo sapiens	23-30
7699709-0	1995	Tryptophan-derived NK1 antagonists: conformationally constrained heterocyclic bioisosteres of the ester linkage.	Esters	98-103	tachykinin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
7538076-10	1995	Stimulated EC produce PAF molecules with both an ether and an ester bond at the sn-1 position, but the former is predominant.	Esters	62-67	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	22-25
7699709-5	1995	This study culminated in the identification of oxazolidinedione 14 as a suitable ester mimic in terms of the retention of good NK1 binding affinity.	Esters	81-86	tachykinin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	127-130
7492267-1	1995	The possibility of the preparation of some ester derivatives of dimethylxanthines from 1-theobromine- and 7-theophylline acetic acids and 7-(2-hydroxyethyl)-theophylline by DCC/DMAP-mediated esterification under mild conditions was studied.	Esters	43-48	deleted in colorectal carcinoma	Mus musculus	173-176
7747433-4	1995	Release of the 3H-label by alkaline methanolysis suggests that the palmitate was associated with nsP1 via an ester bond.	Esters	109-114	SH2 domain containing 3A	Homo sapiens	97-101
7883004-2	1995	Using spin-labeled phospholipid analogues, we measured the hydrolysis rate of the ester bond at position 2 during incubation with reticulocyte endocytic vesicles.	Esters	82-87	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
8922270-1	1995	Esters of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a cofactor of microbial quinoprotein enzyme, and imidazopyrroloquinoline (IPQ, from PQQ and glycine) were synthesized, and their chemical stability, toxicity to L-M cells and nerve growth factor (NGF) inducing activity in L-M cells were studied.	Esters	0-6	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	217-236
7744303-12	1995	Ester lipid hydroperoxides normally produced in membranes cannot be catabolized directly by the glutathione peroxidase-reductase system unless phospholipase A2 catalyses the release of free lipid hydroperoxides.	Esters	0-5	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	143-159
8922270-1	1995	Esters of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a cofactor of microbial quinoprotein enzyme, and imidazopyrroloquinoline (IPQ, from PQQ and glycine) were synthesized, and their chemical stability, toxicity to L-M cells and nerve growth factor (NGF) inducing activity in L-M cells were studied.	Esters	0-6	nerve growth factor	Homo sapiens	238-241
7981199-1	1994	Complement factor D is a serine protease with a single natural substrate, C3b-complexed factor B, and very low catalytic activity against synthetic esters.	Esters	148-154	complement factor D	Homo sapiens	0-19
8987500-6	1995	From these results, we concluded that STL-1 has low cytotoxicity against normal human cells and the ester molecule itself is responsible for the activity of inducing differentiation of human monocytoid leukemic cell line U937 into monocyte-macrophage which results in the stimulation of the production of some cytotoxic substances.	Esters	100-105	collagen type II alpha 1 chain	Homo sapiens	38-43
7671964-3	1995	The ester is an indicator of the biogenesis of galactose from glucose and has been considered a pathogenic agent by inhibiting enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, and glycogen phosphorylase, but the evidence remains presumptive.	Esters	4-9	glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	143-164
7671964-3	1995	The ester is an indicator of the biogenesis of galactose from glucose and has been considered a pathogenic agent by inhibiting enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, and glycogen phosphorylase, but the evidence remains presumptive.	Esters	4-9	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	166-199
7870055-3	1995	Whereas both C4A and C4B isotypes formed dimers to a similar extent, C4B formed an ester-linked dimer and C4A an amide-linked dimer.	Esters	83-88	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	69-72
8524958-2	1995	We have biologically characterized a series of synthetic LPS antagonists including the proposed structures of the lipid A and R. sphaeroides containing fatty acid side chains ester-linked to the disaccharide backbone, as well as an analog of R. capsulatus lipid A containing ether-linked alkyloxy side chains (E5531).	Esters	175-180	interferon regulatory factor 6	Homo sapiens	57-60
7894691-1	1994	Estrone glucuronide conjugates of hen egg white lysozyme were prepared by both the mixed-anhydride and active-ester coupling procedures.	Esters	110-115	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	48-56
7828529-3	1995	These esters are not secreted, and the circulating esters are formed in blood by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT).	Esters	6-12	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	81-117
7828529-3	1995	These esters are not secreted, and the circulating esters are formed in blood by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT).	Esters	6-12	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	119-123
7828529-3	1995	These esters are not secreted, and the circulating esters are formed in blood by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT).	Esters	51-57	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	81-117
7828529-3	1995	These esters are not secreted, and the circulating esters are formed in blood by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT).	Esters	51-57	lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase	Rattus norvegicus	119-123
7527782-9	1995	This report describes a nonradioactive method for detecting SCF receptors that varies from conventional assays in that the fluorescent label conjugated to the SCF/c-kit complex is connected via an extended-ester linkage that reduces steric influence and promotes full normal structural ligand binding of the SCF to its receptor.	Esters	206-211	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	60-63
7527782-9	1995	This report describes a nonradioactive method for detecting SCF receptors that varies from conventional assays in that the fluorescent label conjugated to the SCF/c-kit complex is connected via an extended-ester linkage that reduces steric influence and promotes full normal structural ligand binding of the SCF to its receptor.	Esters	206-211	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	159-162
7527782-9	1995	This report describes a nonradioactive method for detecting SCF receptors that varies from conventional assays in that the fluorescent label conjugated to the SCF/c-kit complex is connected via an extended-ester linkage that reduces steric influence and promotes full normal structural ligand binding of the SCF to its receptor.	Esters	206-211	KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	163-168
7527782-9	1995	This report describes a nonradioactive method for detecting SCF receptors that varies from conventional assays in that the fluorescent label conjugated to the SCF/c-kit complex is connected via an extended-ester linkage that reduces steric influence and promotes full normal structural ligand binding of the SCF to its receptor.	Esters	206-211	KIT ligand	Homo sapiens	159-162
7890301-5	1995	Ester-linked complexes including tetanus toxin (TT) and C3b were prepared to analyse the influence of bound C3b on TT processing and presentation by APC.	Esters	0-5	complement C3	Homo sapiens	56-59
7806998-10	1995	Furthermore, the C3 fragments bound to the M161 Ag were detached by 1 M hydroxylamine, suggesting that a covalent ester linkage sustains M161 Ag-C3b interaction.	Esters	114-119	complement C3	Homo sapiens	145-148
8848575-2	1995	The high phosphatase activity hydrolyses the ester to alpha-chlorohydrin which undergoes oxidation to (S)-3-chlorolactaldehyde, a specific inhibitor of sperm glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and triosephosphate isomerase, thereby exhibiting an anti-glycolytic action.	Esters	45-50	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	158-198
8848575-2	1995	The high phosphatase activity hydrolyses the ester to alpha-chlorohydrin which undergoes oxidation to (S)-3-chlorolactaldehyde, a specific inhibitor of sperm glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and triosephosphate isomerase, thereby exhibiting an anti-glycolytic action.	Esters	45-50	triosephosphate isomerase 1	Homo sapiens	203-228
7899255-6	1994	Following the administration of 0.5 and 5 mmol/kg of GSHE low concentrations of the ester were found in plasma and the liver, indicating that GSHE is not readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, although it is not a substrate for gamma-glutamyl-transferase.	Esters	84-89	gamma-glutamyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	239-265
7879864-8	1994	The HPLC analysis of the estrogens released following hydrolysis of the esters indicated that E2 beta was the main estrogen acylated by long-chain fatty acids in the fraction of lipoidal estrogens.	Esters	72-78	dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2	Bos taurus	94-101
8011671-3	1994	Acylation of the transferrin receptor was posttranslational and occurred via ester or thioester linkages.	Esters	77-82	transferrin	Mus musculus	17-28
7835944-4	1994	The erythrocyte-derived TNF-inducing activity is unaffected by digestion with proteases but is destroyed by mild base hydrolysis or digestion by lipases, indicating that compounds containing ester-linked acyl chains may be essential.	Esters	191-196	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	24-27
7883753-8	1994	Most of the C3b-membrane molecule complexes were cleaved by hydroxylamine, suggesting covalent binding via an ester bond.	Esters	110-115	complement C3	Homo sapiens	12-15
9234329-3	1994	In brain homogenates, the esters showed a wide range of enzymatic reactivity (about 40-fold), and high specificity for AchE (more than 82%) except the butyrate.	Esters	26-32	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	119-123
9234329-4	1994	Intra-brain distribution of the esters reflected a pattern of AchE activity.	Esters	32-38	acetylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	62-66
8026522-3	1994	C3b-antigen complexes can bind to complement receptors on the antigen-presenting cell, and the C3b antigen link (most often an ester link) remains fairly stable inside the cells.	Esters	127-132	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
8026522-3	1994	C3b-antigen complexes can bind to complement receptors on the antigen-presenting cell, and the C3b antigen link (most often an ester link) remains fairly stable inside the cells.	Esters	127-132	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	95-98
7961863-7	1994	The C3b-peptide complex was sensitive to hydroxylamine as was C3b-IgG indicating that both were ester-linked.	Esters	96-101	complement C3	Homo sapiens	4-7
7961863-7	1994	The C3b-peptide complex was sensitive to hydroxylamine as was C3b-IgG indicating that both were ester-linked.	Esters	96-101	complement C3	Homo sapiens	62-65
7873659-3	1994	The sulfo-NHS active ester of DOTA was prepared in a single step using 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide (EDC), and DOTA conjugates of cytochrome c and the anti-carcinoembryonic antigen chimeric monoclonal antibody cT84.66 were prepared by adding the DOTA active ester reaction mixture to the proteins at pH 8.5-9.0.	Esters	21-26	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	149-161
7873659-4	1994	Mass spectrometry of the cytochrome c conjugates showed that as the molar ratio of DOTA active ester to protein in the reaction mixture was increased from 10:1 to 100:1, the average number of chelators attached to the protein molecule increased from 2.64 to 8.79.	Esters	95-100	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	25-37
8130278-7	1994	Basal histone phosphorylation (i.e., PK-C-independent phosphorylation) was decreased in the particulate fraction in the presence of these esters in a concentration-dependent manner.	Esters	138-144	proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
7837972-1	1994	The serine at the active site of beta-lactamase is responsible for the ester link to the acyl group of beta-lactam during hydrolysis of the substrate to its acid derivatives.	Esters	71-76	Bla	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	33-47
7515048-3	1994	In the present study, we describe the inhibition of L- and P-selectin function by inositol polyanions, simple 6-carbon ring structures that have multiple ester-linked phosphate or sulfate groups.	Esters	154-159	selectin P	Homo sapiens	59-69
8183880-1	1994	Recently, a 29-residue cyclic peptide was synthesized (TrPepz) that was reported to possess nearly the same catalytic activity and specificity as the pancreatic serine protease, trypsin, for hydrolysis of a small ester substrate, N-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester (TAME), and small and large peptides [Atassi, M. Z.	Esters	213-218	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	161-176
8155728-1	1994	In this study, I have utilized the chromogenic short-chain esters of p-nitrophenol as substrates for probing the active site structure of lipoprotein lipase (LPL).	Esters	59-65	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	138-156
8155728-1	1994	In this study, I have utilized the chromogenic short-chain esters of p-nitrophenol as substrates for probing the active site structure of lipoprotein lipase (LPL).	Esters	59-65	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	158-161
8155728-4	1994	The fact that butyrate ester has the optimum acyl-chain length to be a substrate of LPL can be attributed to its chain length being long enough for optimum interaction with the active site His-Ser-Asp triad in forming the transition state complex; yet it is short enough to provide freedom for optimum positioning of the ester bond for transition state complex formation.	Esters	23-28	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	84-87
7764679-2	1994	The relative activity (RA) of the immobilized LPL was found to be high toward a small ester substrate, p-nitrophenyl laurate (pNPL).	Esters	86-91	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	46-49
8019515-0	1994	Inhibition of trypsin, plasmin, thrombin and kallikrein by various esters of guanidino- and amidino-acids.	Esters	67-73	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	23-30
8019515-0	1994	Inhibition of trypsin, plasmin, thrombin and kallikrein by various esters of guanidino- and amidino-acids.	Esters	67-73	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	32-40
8199297-2	1994	The catalytic mechanism of HAD and MEH have been recently shown to involve an ester intermediate formed by alkylation of an active site carboxyl group.	Esters	78-83	epoxide hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	35-38
8011179-1	1994	The B24-B25 peptide bond of insulin was replaced by an ester bond.	Esters	55-60	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
8166758-4	1994	Hydrophobic amino acids (except isoleucine and valine) are preferable as C-terminals in the peptide Cam esters used for the reaction.	Esters	104-110	calmodulin 3	Homo sapiens	100-103
8280776-6	1994	Esters containing 20:4 were hydrolyzed by BSSL as efficiently as 18:1 but this fatty acid also accumulated as diacylglycerol with colipase-dependent lipase.	Esters	0-6	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	42-46
7509793-14	1994	These results indicated that a large fraction of the RA was bound to vimentin by an ester bond.	Esters	84-89	vimentin	Homo sapiens	69-77
8308030-2	1994	The structure of a catalytically competent reaction intermediate of carboxypeptidase A (CPA) formed with the specific spin-label ester substrate O-[3-(2,2,-5,5-tetramethyl-1-oxypyrrolinyl)propen-2-oyl]-L-b eta- phenyllactate through application of cryoenzymological methods has been determined by electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) and molecular modeling.	Esters	129-134	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	68-86
8308030-2	1994	The structure of a catalytically competent reaction intermediate of carboxypeptidase A (CPA) formed with the specific spin-label ester substrate O-[3-(2,2,-5,5-tetramethyl-1-oxypyrrolinyl)propen-2-oyl]-L-b eta- phenyllactate through application of cryoenzymological methods has been determined by electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) and molecular modeling.	Esters	129-134	carboxypeptidase A1	Homo sapiens	88-91
8003047-2	1994	On the other hand, condensation of 2-dodecyltetradecanyl esters of glycine and 6-aminohexanoic acid with Boc-L-Ala-D-Glu-NH2 gave the corresponding lipophilic tripeptides, which upon coupling with alpha-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylyden-N-acetylmuramic acid yielded lipophilic esters of muramoyltripeptides.	Esters	57-63	BOC cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated	Homo sapiens	105-108
8016203-5	1994	Contrary to the already reported case of 1,5-polyenes for which kQ << kR, the present results and those obtained from a number of literature data show that for PUFA and their esters, neither kR+kQ nor kR are proportional to the total number of double bonds or of methylene groups adjacent to the double bonds.	Esters	181-187	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	166-170
8110809-6	1994	These stereospecificity values were much higher than those of hydroperoxides isolated after incubation of lipoxygenase-2 with non-membraneous fatty acids or their methyl esters.	Esters	170-176	seed linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-2	Glycine max	106-120
8289184-1	1994	The investigation of the SAR of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibition of a series of racemic (methoxyalkyl)thiazoles, exemplified by compound 7 (ZM-211965), has led to other active, racemic derivatives in which the thiazole moiety has been replaced by an ester or an ether.	Esters	250-255	sarcosinemia autosomal recessive	Mus musculus	25-28
8289184-1	1994	The investigation of the SAR of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibition of a series of racemic (methoxyalkyl)thiazoles, exemplified by compound 7 (ZM-211965), has led to other active, racemic derivatives in which the thiazole moiety has been replaced by an ester or an ether.	Esters	250-255	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Mus musculus	32-46
8280776-7	1994	At low bile salt concentrations, as found in duodenal contents of newborns, colipase-dependent lipase was virtually unable to hydrolyze esters of 20:4 and 22:6 whereas BSSL hydrolyzed these esters at appreciable rates.	Esters	190-196	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	168-172
8186357-5	1994	This is followed by the formation of an ester linkage between the active site serine residue of the protease and the arginine 393 residue of the cleaved antithrombin molecule.	Esters	40-45	serpin family C member 1	Homo sapiens	153-165
7550036-3	1994	In this respect, the esters of mitochondrial dicarboxylic acids, such as succinic or glutamic acid, offer the advantage of being well transported into the islet cells and, hence, of stimulating efficiently both proinsulin biosynthesis and insulin release.	Esters	21-27	insulin	Homo sapiens	211-221
7550036-3	1994	In this respect, the esters of mitochondrial dicarboxylic acids, such as succinic or glutamic acid, offer the advantage of being well transported into the islet cells and, hence, of stimulating efficiently both proinsulin biosynthesis and insulin release.	Esters	21-27	insulin	Homo sapiens	214-221
9234265-3	1994	A 67Ga chelate of succinyldeferoxamine (SDF) was conjugated with a MoAb against osteogenic sarcoma (OST7, IgG1) through an ester bond using a new metabolizable MESS linker, N-[I4-(maleimidoethoxy)succinyl]oxy]succinimide (67Ga-DFO-MESS-OST7).	Esters	123-128	LOC105243590	Mus musculus	106-110
7866410-0	1994	Marked zinc activation of ester hydrolysis by a mutation, 67-His (CAT) to Arg (CGT), in the active site of human carbonic anhydrase I.	Esters	26-31	catalase	Homo sapiens	66-69
7866410-0	1994	Marked zinc activation of ester hydrolysis by a mutation, 67-His (CAT) to Arg (CGT), in the active site of human carbonic anhydrase I.	Esters	26-31	UDP glycosyltransferase 8	Homo sapiens	79-82
7866410-0	1994	Marked zinc activation of ester hydrolysis by a mutation, 67-His (CAT) to Arg (CGT), in the active site of human carbonic anhydrase I.	Esters	26-31	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	113-133
8106293-1	1994	Natural human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was chemically modified with an active ester of monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG).	Esters	93-98	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	14-41
8106293-1	1994	Natural human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was chemically modified with an active ester of monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG).	Esters	93-98	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	43-52
8218286-7	1993	Thus, in the absence of enzyme, 0.002 pmol of cellular ester appeared after 2 h, and its level increased only 3.5-fold after 12 h. However, in the presence of cholesterol esterase, the level of cholesterol ester increased 39-fold in the same time period, indicating that the enzyme-mediated uptake accounts for 10-fold greater ester synthesis than that from basal absorption.	Esters	55-60	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	159-179
8264555-6	1993	UTP- and alpha-thrombin-induced changes in the levels of IPs, cytosolic Ca2+, and agonist-elicited cAMP accumulation were dramatically inhibited (> 80%) by acute treatment of the cells with the protein kinase C activator 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate but not with the inactive ester 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate.	Esters	289-294	coagulation factor II	Mus musculus	15-23
8298016-4	1993	This asymmetry is ascribed to the emergence of a predominant lipid population consisting of free sn1- and hydrogen-bonded (hydrated) sn2-ester carbonyl groups.	Esters	137-142	solute carrier family 38 member 5	Homo sapiens	133-136
8285926-1	1993	A set of four peptides from the HCV NS4-protein C-terminal region (aa 1921-1940) were obtained by solid-phase synthesis using activated esters and symmetrical anhydrides of Boc-amino acids.	Esters	136-142	SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1	Homo sapiens	36-39
8298016-5	1993	This suggests that the region of the mixed interdigitated bilayer polar/apolar interface near to the sn1-ester carbonyl group is less hydrated than is the case with the noninterdigitated gel-phase bilayers formed by normal symmetric chain phosphatidylcholines.	Esters	105-110	solute carrier family 38 member 3	Homo sapiens	101-104
8224608-1	1993	Cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) exhibit additional catalytic activities apart from their well-known action in hydrolyzing choline esters.	Esters	163-169	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	17-37
7505959-1	1993	Progesterone-BSA (bovine serum albumin) conjugates which contain up to 47 steroid molecules linked to a BSA molecule have been prepared by the activated ester method, the conjugation step being carried out in reversed micellar solutions of sodium di(2-ethylhexyl) sulphosuccinate (AOT) in octane.	Esters	4-9	albumin	Homo sapiens	25-38
7692048-2	1993	Although we did not observe any major hydrolysis of the ester bond of Boc-Tyr(SO3H)-Nle-Gly-Trp-Nle-Asp-2-phenylethyl ester in our in vitro studies, we were aware of a possible and rapid cleavage of this ester bond during in vivo studies.	Esters	118-123	beta-secretase 1	Rattus norvegicus	100-105
7692048-3	1993	To improve the stability of Boc-Tyr(SO3H)-Nle-Gly-Trp-Nle-Asp-2-phenylethyl ester, we decided to synthesize analogs in which the ester bond would be replaced by a carba (CH2-CH2) linkage.	Esters	76-81	beta-secretase 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
8220881-0	1993	Effects of L- and D-arginine and some related esters on the cytosolic mechanisms of alpha-thrombin-induced human platelet activation.	Esters	46-52	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	90-98
8355245-8	1993	The alpha-keto ester and alpha-diketone based renin inhibitors benefit predominantly from the hydrophobic and/or H-bonding type binding interactions of the neighboring ester or acyl group itself, rather than the ability of this group to deactivate the adjacent ketone group and thereby make it susceptible to hydration.	Esters	15-20	renin	Homo sapiens	46-51
8352545-2	1993	In particular, we discuss the antitumor activity of the esters of homo-aza steroids in which the p-N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenoxyacetic acid is linked to the C-3 or C-17 position, while the lactam nucleus is linked to the D or A ring of the modified steroid respectively.	Esters	56-62	complement C3	Homo sapiens	162-165
8354288-5	1993	This complex was stable in SDS and 2-mercaptoethanol at 100 degrees C and was not dissociated by hydroxylamine treatment, indicating the formation of a covalent non-ester bond between the 8-kDa 125I-IL-6-derived peptide and an undetermined acceptor.	Esters	165-170	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	199-203
8411004-5	1993	In general these bioisosteres showed potencies for the dopamine transporter similar to those of their parent esters.	Esters	109-115	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	55-75
8419374-4	1993	The CAII active site is extremely plastic, accommodating amino acid substitutions of varied size, charge, and hydrophobicity with little effect on catalysis; only substitutions at Leu198 and Thr199 decrease the rates of CO2 hydration and ester hydrolysis more than 5-fold.	Esters	238-243	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	4-8
8174461-2	1993	This recombinant interleukin 2 was chemically modified by an active ester of polyethylene glycol.	Esters	68-73	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	17-30
8236532-1	1993	Amides of glycolic ethers and esters have been synthesized and studied as the inhibitors of rat and human liver alcohol dehydrogenase.	Esters	30-36	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	112-133
8341280-4	1993	C3b was covalently bound to Superose through an ester link, as indicated by lability to hydroxylamine treatment at alkaline pH.	Esters	48-53	complement C3	Homo sapiens	0-3
8341280-6	1993	Two types of limited activities on the C3b-Superose model system were detected: (i) a proteolytic activity cleaving C3b into mainly a C3c-like fragment which was released and a C3d-like fragment of apparent M(r) 32 kDa which remained bound to Superose through the original ester link; (ii) an esterolytic activity cleaving the ester bond and releasing C3b.	Esters	273-278	complement C3	Homo sapiens	39-42
8341280-6	1993	Two types of limited activities on the C3b-Superose model system were detected: (i) a proteolytic activity cleaving C3b into mainly a C3c-like fragment which was released and a C3d-like fragment of apparent M(r) 32 kDa which remained bound to Superose through the original ester link; (ii) an esterolytic activity cleaving the ester bond and releasing C3b.	Esters	273-278	complement C3	Homo sapiens	116-119
8341280-6	1993	Two types of limited activities on the C3b-Superose model system were detected: (i) a proteolytic activity cleaving C3b into mainly a C3c-like fragment which was released and a C3d-like fragment of apparent M(r) 32 kDa which remained bound to Superose through the original ester link; (ii) an esterolytic activity cleaving the ester bond and releasing C3b.	Esters	273-278	complement C3	Homo sapiens	116-119
8341280-6	1993	Two types of limited activities on the C3b-Superose model system were detected: (i) a proteolytic activity cleaving C3b into mainly a C3c-like fragment which was released and a C3d-like fragment of apparent M(r) 32 kDa which remained bound to Superose through the original ester link; (ii) an esterolytic activity cleaving the ester bond and releasing C3b.	Esters	293-298	complement C3	Homo sapiens	39-42
8341280-6	1993	Two types of limited activities on the C3b-Superose model system were detected: (i) a proteolytic activity cleaving C3b into mainly a C3c-like fragment which was released and a C3d-like fragment of apparent M(r) 32 kDa which remained bound to Superose through the original ester link; (ii) an esterolytic activity cleaving the ester bond and releasing C3b.	Esters	293-298	complement C3	Homo sapiens	116-119
8341280-6	1993	Two types of limited activities on the C3b-Superose model system were detected: (i) a proteolytic activity cleaving C3b into mainly a C3c-like fragment which was released and a C3d-like fragment of apparent M(r) 32 kDa which remained bound to Superose through the original ester link; (ii) an esterolytic activity cleaving the ester bond and releasing C3b.	Esters	293-298	complement C3	Homo sapiens	116-119
8341280-9	1993	Kinetic studies were in favour of a good stability on the ester bond, supporting an effective role of C3b as a chaperone during the extracellular and intracellular travel of C3b-bound antigen.	Esters	58-63	complement C3	Homo sapiens	102-105
8341280-9	1993	Kinetic studies were in favour of a good stability on the ester bond, supporting an effective role of C3b as a chaperone during the extracellular and intracellular travel of C3b-bound antigen.	Esters	58-63	complement C3	Homo sapiens	174-177
1445903-5	1992	The NMR line shapes are roughly consistent with the results of previous FTIR and NMR studies that indicate the sn-1 chain extends from the C1 carbon of the glycerol backbone into the hydrophobic interior of the bilayer, while the sn-2 chain first extends parallel to the bilayer surface and incorporates a bend at the ester linkage in order to keep the sn-1 and sn-2 chains parallel.	Esters	318-323	solute carrier family 38 member 3	Homo sapiens	111-115
8445218-2	1993	The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitor, cilazapril, is converted to its active metabolite, cilazaprilat, by ester hydrolysis in the liver.	Esters	119-124	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	35-38
1469704-0	1992	Structure-activity relationship studies of cocaine: replacement of the C-2 ester group by vinyl argues against H-bonding and provides an esterase-resistant, high-affinity cocaine analogue.	Esters	75-80	complement C2	Homo sapiens	71-74
7510790-2	1993	Papain and cathepsin B are rapidly inactivated by carboxylates 2a and 6a, but are inactivated much more slowly by 2b-2f, 6c, and 6f, in which the carboxylate is absent or replaced by an amide, ester, or ketone.	Esters	193-198	cathepsin B	Homo sapiens	11-22
1476771-4	1992	The ability of PHB to solvate salts, consisting of cations having high solvation energies and large delocalized anions, is in accordance with its molecular characteristics, that of a flexible linear molecule possessing a large number of electron-donating ester oxygens suitably spaced to replace the hydration shell of cations.	Esters	255-260	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	15-18
1445903-5	1992	The NMR line shapes are roughly consistent with the results of previous FTIR and NMR studies that indicate the sn-1 chain extends from the C1 carbon of the glycerol backbone into the hydrophobic interior of the bilayer, while the sn-2 chain first extends parallel to the bilayer surface and incorporates a bend at the ester linkage in order to keep the sn-1 and sn-2 chains parallel.	Esters	318-323	solute carrier family 38 member 5	Homo sapiens	230-234
1458056-2	1992	The protein, expressed in large amounts, was not aryl sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.1) but rather tyrosine-ester sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.9), a sulfotransferase also active with phenols but having a much wider substrate range that includes hydroxylamines and esters of tyrosine.	Esters	258-264	sulfotransferase family 1A member 1	Rattus norvegicus	95-126
1433188-5	1992	While the most potent in vitro HLE inhibition had previously been obtained with lipophilic ester derivatives, it was found that the less active, but more polar and stable, amide derivatives were much more effective in vivo.	Esters	91-96	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	31-34
1433190-1	1992	Replacing one amide bond in macrocyclic renin inhibitors of the general structure 1 and 2 with an ester linkage gave glutamate-derived inhibitors 3 and serine-derived inhibitors 4.	Esters	98-103	renin	Macaca mulatta	40-45
1400402-7	1992	The insertion of PKC alpha depended substantially on the length of the aliphatic esters in the 12- and 13-positions of the phorbol derivatives, and once again, potencies for insertion and binding were not directly proportional.	Esters	81-87	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	17-26
1511449-2	1992	The chemical shifts of the resonance of GlcNAc C-3 suggest that the relative orientations of the monosaccharides at the (1----3) linkage in the esters and salts are different.	Esters	144-150	complement C3	Homo sapiens	47-50
1495010-0	1992	Inhibitors of human renin with C-termini derived from amides and esters of alpha-mercaptoalkanoic acids.	Esters	65-71	renin	Homo sapiens	20-25
1517232-0	1992	Tissue factor potentiates the factor VIIa-catalyzed hydrolysis of an ester substrate.	Esters	69-74	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	0-13
1517232-10	1992	The Km value of factor VIIa alone toward the ester substrate was six times higher than that of a VIIa-tissue factor complex (3.2 versus 0.54 mM), whereas the kcat value was 12 times lower than that of the VIIa-tissue factor complex (14.3 versus 173 s-1).	Esters	45-50	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	210-223
1517232-11	1992	Thus, tissue factor apparently affects the catalytic site of factor VIIa and enhances hydrolysis of the ester substrate.	Esters	104-109	coagulation factor III, tissue factor	Homo sapiens	6-19
1360444-5	1992	We then found that virtually all Thy-1 molecules on thymocytes became sensitive to PI-PLC when they were treated with hydroxylamine that should cleave ester-linked lipids.	Esters	151-156	thymus cell antigen 1, theta	Mus musculus	33-38
1360444-5	1992	We then found that virtually all Thy-1 molecules on thymocytes became sensitive to PI-PLC when they were treated with hydroxylamine that should cleave ester-linked lipids.	Esters	151-156	protein disulfide isomerase associated 3	Mus musculus	83-89
1492385-3	1992	The ester, similarly to heparin, inhibited blood coagulation mainly via accelerated thrombin inactivation by means of blood plasma antithrombin III.	Esters	4-9	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	84-92
1492385-3	1992	The ester, similarly to heparin, inhibited blood coagulation mainly via accelerated thrombin inactivation by means of blood plasma antithrombin III.	Esters	4-9	serpin family C member 1	Homo sapiens	131-147
1492385-5	1992	Besides, the ester decreased the thrombin catalytic activity in reactions with natural and synthetic peptide substrates.	Esters	13-18	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	33-41
1632635-1	1992	Esterase 1 (Es-1) is a sexually dimorphic 65-kDa glycoprotein present in plasma and other murine tissues able to hydrolyze a variety of esters including fatty acid esters of estradiol.	Esters	136-142	carboxylesterase 1C	Mus musculus	0-10
1632635-1	1992	Esterase 1 (Es-1) is a sexually dimorphic 65-kDa glycoprotein present in plasma and other murine tissues able to hydrolyze a variety of esters including fatty acid esters of estradiol.	Esters	136-142	carboxylesterase 1C	Mus musculus	12-16
1737744-1	1992	Deamidase cleaves ester and peptide bonds in various substrates and deamidates protected COOH-terminal amino acids.	Esters	18-23	cathepsin A	Homo sapiens	0-9
1569346-2	1992	C4B forms ester bonds more efficiently than C4A and so, in theory, is more likely than C4A to bind to polysaccharide capsules of encapsulated bacteria.	Esters	10-15	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-3
1506917-1	1992	Racemic all-trans-3-hydroxyretinal (3-OH-RAL) (1) was converted by a reaction with (-)-camphanic acid chloride (CpCl) into a diastereomixture of camphanates (2a) and (2b) which was separated by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to give two esters (2a) and (2b) in pure state, respectively.	Esters	264-270	RAS like proto-oncogene A	Homo sapiens	41-44
1740458-3	1992	Within this complex C3b binds to C4b via an ester linkage.	Esters	44-49	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	20-23
1740458-3	1992	Within this complex C3b binds to C4b via an ester linkage.	Esters	44-49	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	33-36
1643258-0	1992	Effect of bovine serum albumin on the extent of ortho rearrangement of N-(sulfooxy)-2-fluorenylacetamide and of enzymatically activated N-hydroxy-2-fluorenylacetamide and on the binding of reactive esters to nucleic acids.	Esters	198-204	albumin	Homo sapiens	17-30
1954225-4	1991	Lipoprotein lipase hydrolyzed eicosapentaenoic (20:5) and arachidonic acid (20:4) esters at a slower rate than the C14-C18 acid esters.	Esters	82-88	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	0-18
1931965-4	1991	VanA was found to catalyze ester bond formation between D-alanine and the D-hydroxy acid products of VanH, the best substrate being D-2-hydroxybutyrate (Km = 0.60 mM).	Esters	27-32	Vancomycin Teicoplanin A-type resistance protein VanA / D-alanine--D-alanine ligase	Enterococcus faecium	0-4
1819590-3	1991	The obtained peptide resin ester has been applied in the solid phase synthesis of partially protected (Leu15)-gastrin I utilising Fmoc-amino acids.	Esters	27-32	gastrin	Homo sapiens	110-117
1917974-6	1991	These results combined with results from hydroxylamine treatment (splits ester linkage between C3b and IgG) imply that this adduct peptide consists of a 22-kDa C3 fragment and an 18-kDa IgG fragment.	Esters	73-78	complement C3	Homo sapiens	95-98
1954225-7	1991	When added together with lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase increased the rate of lipolysis of 20:5 and 20:4 esters of both tri- and diacylglycerols.	Esters	109-115	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	25-43
1954225-7	1991	When added together with lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase increased the rate of lipolysis of 20:5 and 20:4 esters of both tri- and diacylglycerols.	Esters	109-115	lipase C, hepatic type	Homo sapiens	45-59
1954225-10	1991	Chylomicron 20:4 and 20:5 esters thus exhibit a relative resistance to lipoprotein lipase.	Esters	26-32	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	71-89
1658333-0	1991	Stable ester conjugate between the Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD6 protein and ubiquitin has no biological activity.	Esters	7-12	E2 ubiquitin-conjugating protein RAD6	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	60-64
1931965-4	1991	VanA was found to catalyze ester bond formation between D-alanine and the D-hydroxy acid products of VanH, the best substrate being D-2-hydroxybutyrate (Km = 0.60 mM).	Esters	27-32	VanH protein	Enterococcus faecium	101-105
1748573-0	1991	[Semi-automatic TNM classification of malignant tumors with the ESTER system exemplified by the larynx].	Esters	64-69	teneurin transmembrane protein 1	Homo sapiens	16-19
1930149-4	1991	I further examined the reaction kinetics of BAL with water-soluble short-chain esters of p-nitrophenol.	Esters	79-85	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	44-47
1930149-7	1991	The fact that butyrate ester has the optimum acyl chain to be a substrate of BAL can be attributed to its acyl-chain length being long enough for interaction with the active centre of BAL and short enough to provide adequate positioning of the ester bond for transition state complex formation.	Esters	23-28	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	77-80
1930149-7	1991	The fact that butyrate ester has the optimum acyl chain to be a substrate of BAL can be attributed to its acyl-chain length being long enough for interaction with the active centre of BAL and short enough to provide adequate positioning of the ester bond for transition state complex formation.	Esters	23-28	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	184-187
2054776-5	1991	Modification with esters of C8 to C14 acids occurred as determined by consumption of positively charged amino groups monitored by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; however, esters of longer chain lengths (C16, C18) were much less capable of introducing these chains via amide linkages, and thus these adducts were not further characterized.	Esters	18-24	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	219-222
1888721-3	1991	The major part of such esters was retained within HDL of increasing size in the course of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity; the balance was recovered in LDL.	Esters	23-29	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	90-126
1888721-3	1991	The major part of such esters was retained within HDL of increasing size in the course of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity; the balance was recovered in LDL.	Esters	23-29	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	128-132
1762050-1	1991	Phospholipase A2 hydrolyzes the ester linkage at sn-2 of glycerophospholipids and is thought to function as a key enzyme in generation of variety of bioactive mediators, such as prostaglandins and platelet-activating factor.	Esters	32-37	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-16
2054776-5	1991	Modification with esters of C8 to C14 acids occurred as determined by consumption of positively charged amino groups monitored by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; however, esters of longer chain lengths (C16, C18) were much less capable of introducing these chains via amide linkages, and thus these adducts were not further characterized.	Esters	182-188	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	219-222
2066966-0	1991	Renin inhibitors containing esters at the P2-position.	Esters	28-34	renin	Homo sapiens	0-5
2066993-6	1991	The SAR with respect to analgesic activity and duration of action as a function of the various esters synthesized is discussed.	Esters	95-101	sarcosine dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	4-7
2066966-2	1991	A series of renin inhibitors containing ester side chains at the P2 subsite are potent inhibitors of primate renin.	Esters	40-45	renin	Homo sapiens	12-17
2066966-2	1991	A series of renin inhibitors containing ester side chains at the P2 subsite are potent inhibitors of primate renin.	Esters	40-45	renin	Homo sapiens	109-114
2049934-1	1991	Comparison of amino acid sequences of the alpha-chain fragment of human C4, C4d, has shown C4A- and C4B-specific sequences at residues 1101-1106 in which the aspartic acid-histidine substitution at position 1106 may be related to the amide and ester bond forming properties of these molecules.	Esters	244-249	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	72-79
1881866-2	1991	During trypsin-catalysed transformation of pig insulin into an ester of insulin of human sequence, the alanyl residue at position B30 is removed and replaced with an esterified residue of threonine.	Esters	63-68	insulin	Sus scrofa	47-54
1881866-2	1991	During trypsin-catalysed transformation of pig insulin into an ester of insulin of human sequence, the alanyl residue at position B30 is removed and replaced with an esterified residue of threonine.	Esters	63-68	insulin	Sus scrofa	72-79
18600661-4	1991	Since it is well known that SCI can be produced by gene technology, the following method is recommended for industrial production of human insulin ester: hydrolysis of SCI with lysyl endopeptidase followed by coupling of the resulting DAI with a threonine derivative using trypsin or lysyl endopeptidase.	Esters	147-152	insulin	Homo sapiens	139-146
1901312-1	1991	A series of cephalosporins derived from cephalothin containing an ester-linked quinolonyl substituent at the C-10 position (C-10 quinolonyl-cephem esters) has been prepared and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity.	Esters	66-71	homeobox C10	Homo sapiens	109-113
1901312-1	1991	A series of cephalosporins derived from cephalothin containing an ester-linked quinolonyl substituent at the C-10 position (C-10 quinolonyl-cephem esters) has been prepared and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity.	Esters	66-71	homeobox C10	Homo sapiens	124-128
1999246-1	1991	The inhibitory effect of esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (kelletinins I and A), extracted from the marine gastropod Buccinulum corneum, have been tested on eukaryotic and prokaryotic enzymes of DNA metabolism such as DNA polymerases alpha and beta, DNA polymerase I, Exo III, pancreatic DNAse I, micrococcal DNAse and E. coli RNA polymerase.	Esters	25-31	colicin E8	Escherichia coli	287-292
1999246-1	1991	The inhibitory effect of esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (kelletinins I and A), extracted from the marine gastropod Buccinulum corneum, have been tested on eukaryotic and prokaryotic enzymes of DNA metabolism such as DNA polymerases alpha and beta, DNA polymerase I, Exo III, pancreatic DNAse I, micrococcal DNAse and E. coli RNA polymerase.	Esters	25-31	colicin E8	Escherichia coli	308-313
2123743-1	1990	Dimethyl fumarate and dimethyl maleate are potent inducers of cytosolic NAD(P)H:(quinone acceptor) oxidoreductase (here designated quinone reductase) activity in Hepa 1c1c7 murine hepatoma cells in culture, whereas fumaric and maleic acids are much less potent, in agreement with the much greater reactivity of the esters as Michael reaction acceptors (P. Talalay, M. J.	Esters	315-321	crystallin, zeta	Mus musculus	131-148
2123492-9	1990	At steady state, oocyte calmodulin contains approximately 0.0002 esters/mol of protein, which turn over rapidly.	Esters	65-71	calmodulin-1	Xenopus laevis	24-34
1676983-1	1991	Carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) is a major component of pancreatic juice and is responsible for the hydrolysis of cholesterol esters as well as a variety of other dietary esters.	Esters	122-128	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	0-21
1676983-1	1991	Carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) is a major component of pancreatic juice and is responsible for the hydrolysis of cholesterol esters as well as a variety of other dietary esters.	Esters	122-128	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	23-26
1991120-2	1991	The observed specificity energies [defined as delta delta G obs = -RT ln [(kcat/KM)first/(kcat/KM)second)]] of the substrate backbone hydrogen bonds were -2.7 kcal/mol for the P2 NH and -2.6 kcal/mol for the P1 NH when compared against substrates containing esters at those sites.	Esters	258-264	prohibitin 2	Homo sapiens	176-188
2010433-4	1991	In the retinal pigment epithelium a novel enzymatic system has been discovered which is capable of converting all-trans-retinol into all-trans retinyl esters, by means of a lecithin retinol acyl transferase (LRAT), followed by the direct processing of the ester into 11-cis-retinol.	Esters	151-156	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	173-206
2010433-4	1991	In the retinal pigment epithelium a novel enzymatic system has been discovered which is capable of converting all-trans-retinol into all-trans retinyl esters, by means of a lecithin retinol acyl transferase (LRAT), followed by the direct processing of the ester into 11-cis-retinol.	Esters	151-156	lecithin retinol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	208-212
2026719-7	1991	Hydrolysis of styrene oxide treated hemoglobin in 18O-labeled water revealed at least two mechanisms of ester hydrolysis, including the BAL 1 pathway.	Esters	104-109	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 9	Homo sapiens	136-141
2026732-2	1991	The esters were crystallized from benzene-hexane, derivatized as trimethylsilyl ethers for gas chromatography on a DB-1 capillary column and for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with a DB-5 column, and mass spectrometry (MS) in the electron-impact (EI) positive-ion mode at 70 eV.	Esters	4-10	vascular endothelial zinc finger 1	Homo sapiens	115-119
1868886-2	1991	The present work shows that insulin is the component of PM medium required for maintenance of ester synthetase activity and that insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1) also is effective at maintaining ester synthesis.	Esters	94-99	insulin	Homo sapiens	28-35
2049934-1	1991	Comparison of amino acid sequences of the alpha-chain fragment of human C4, C4d, has shown C4A- and C4B-specific sequences at residues 1101-1106 in which the aspartic acid-histidine substitution at position 1106 may be related to the amide and ester bond forming properties of these molecules.	Esters	244-249	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	100-103
2222484-2	1990	The intrinsic mutagenicity of this reactive ester, 6-sulfooxymethylbenzo[a]pyrene, was inhibited by glutathione and glutathione S-transferase.	Esters	44-49	hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase	Mus musculus	116-141
2243090-7	1990	From these kinetic data, high hydrolysis rates and no chiral discrimination were observed in the case of rabbit gastric lipase, whereas low rates and a clear chiral discrimination was noticed in the case of human gastric lipase during hydrolysis of the acyl chain from the secondary ester bond of 1(3)-alkyl-2-acyl enantiomers.	Esters	283-288	lipase F, gastric type	Homo sapiens	112-126
2243090-7	1990	From these kinetic data, high hydrolysis rates and no chiral discrimination were observed in the case of rabbit gastric lipase, whereas low rates and a clear chiral discrimination was noticed in the case of human gastric lipase during hydrolysis of the acyl chain from the secondary ester bond of 1(3)-alkyl-2-acyl enantiomers.	Esters	283-288	lipase F, gastric type	Homo sapiens	213-227
2243090-8	1990	It is particularly obvious that in the case of human gastric lipase decreasing the lipid packing increases the lipase sn-3 stereopreference during hydrolysis of the primary ester bond of the enantiomeric 2-acylamino derivatives (diglyceride analogue).	Esters	173-178	lipase F, gastric type	Homo sapiens	53-67
2243091-3	1990	In the present study, porcine pancreatic lipase, rabbit gastric lipase, and human gastric lipase stereospecificity toward chemically alike, but sterically nonequivalent ester groups within one single triglyceride molecule was investigated.	Esters	169-174	pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	30-47
2243091-3	1990	In the present study, porcine pancreatic lipase, rabbit gastric lipase, and human gastric lipase stereospecificity toward chemically alike, but sterically nonequivalent ester groups within one single triglyceride molecule was investigated.	Esters	169-174	lipase F, gastric type	Homo sapiens	56-70
2243091-3	1990	In the present study, porcine pancreatic lipase, rabbit gastric lipase, and human gastric lipase stereospecificity toward chemically alike, but sterically nonequivalent ester groups within one single triglyceride molecule was investigated.	Esters	169-174	lipase F, gastric type	Homo sapiens	82-96
2246249-2	1990	The hydrolysis of ester substrates in mixed monolayers with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine by pancreatic carboxylester lipase (CEL) shows an abrupt increase from less than 10 to 100% when substrate abundance exceeds a critical value (Tsujita, T., Muderhwa, J.M., and Brockman, H.L.	Esters	18-23	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	136-139
18595117-2	1990	The activity of the immobilized LPL was found to remain high toward a small ester substrate, p-nitrophenyl laurate (pNPL).	Esters	76-81	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	32-35
2136384-6	1990	For samples which fragment poorly we describe a mild methanolysis procedure, compatible with FAB-MS, which preferentially cleaves the esters formed during the oxidation.	Esters	134-140	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	93-96
2194573-0	1990	Myristic acid is incorporated into the two acylatable domains of the functional glycoprotein CD9 in ester, but not in amide bonds.	Esters	100-105	CD9 molecule	Homo sapiens	93-96
2387864-2	1990	In the complex there is an ester bond between C3b and C4b.	Esters	27-32	complement C3	Homo sapiens	46-49
2387864-2	1990	In the complex there is an ester bond between C3b and C4b.	Esters	27-32	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	54-57
2387864-5	1990	An Mr 17,000 fragment containing the ester linkage between C4b and C3b was purified and its amino-terminal sequence was examined.	Esters	37-42	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	59-62
2387864-5	1990	An Mr 17,000 fragment containing the ester linkage between C4b and C3b was purified and its amino-terminal sequence was examined.	Esters	37-42	complement C3	Homo sapiens	67-70
2224891-3	1990	Ester groups were removed from the carbohydrate moieties with methanolic hydrazine, to give the TN and T antigen glycopeptides which were coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) via a carbodi-imide procedure and without any spacer groups.	Esters	0-5	albumin	Homo sapiens	156-169
2273464-3	1990	The major hydrolytic products of all the delta-3 and delta-2 esters were the inactive delta-2 cephalosporin free acids.	Esters	61-67	delta like canonical Notch ligand 3	Homo sapiens	41-60
2273464-7	1990	For the isomers of the cephalosporin prodrug ester Ro 19-5248 only k12 and k20 were operative in buffers; in human plasma all pathways were operative and there was no evidence of cephalosporoic acid formation.	Esters	45-50	keratin 20	Homo sapiens	75-78
2369737-3	1990	A test of the propensity of the simplest benzylic epoxide, styrene oxide, to form esters that hydrolyze via a BAL1 mechanism was performed.	Esters	82-88	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 9	Homo sapiens	110-114
2116308-7	1990	In mixed cell populations, about 85% of the lipoxygenase products were found esterified to the membrane ester lipids, whereas 15% were associated as free hydroxy fatty acids with the membranes.	Esters	77-82	polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	Oryctolagus cuniculus	44-56
2173185-2	1990	The affinity to mu-specific opiate receptor subtype of the N-terminal [D-Arg2] tetrapeptide ethyl ester was 44 times as high as that of the tripeptide with a free carboxyl, and thus the ester retained up to 10% of leucine-enkephalin binding potency.	Esters	98-103	arginase 2	Rattus norvegicus	73-77
2173185-2	1990	The affinity to mu-specific opiate receptor subtype of the N-terminal [D-Arg2] tetrapeptide ethyl ester was 44 times as high as that of the tripeptide with a free carboxyl, and thus the ester retained up to 10% of leucine-enkephalin binding potency.	Esters	98-103	proenkephalin	Rattus norvegicus	222-232
2108026-3	1990	The ability of these esters to stimulate phosphorylation of the 47-kDa protein ("p47") correlated with their ability to cause platelet aggregation.	Esters	21-27	pleckstrin	Homo sapiens	81-84
2340300-8	1990	The data thus indicate that both lipase-colipase and CEL participate in the hydrolysis of 20:5 and 20:4 ester bonds of dietary triacylglycerol.	Esters	104-109	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	53-56
1694165-5	1990	The ester linkage in FAD104 was gradually hydrolyzed at neutral pH.	Esters	4-9	fibronectin type III domain containing 3B	Mus musculus	21-27
2318850-3	1990	A broad variety of odorants, including terpenes, aldehydes, esters, and musks, bind to OBP with affinities of 0.2 to 100 microM.	Esters	60-66	odorant-binding protein	Bos taurus	87-90
2318975-6	1990	Gastric lipase and colipase-dependent lipase, in combination, hydrolyzed about two thirds of total ester bonds, with monoacylglycerol and fatty acids being the end products.	Esters	99-104	lipase F, gastric type	Homo sapiens	0-14
2138615-12	1990	This paper shows that the single difference between P2 and P3, and the basis for the PI-PLC insusceptibility of P3, is a fatty acid, ester-linked to the inositol residue in P3.	Esters	133-138	phospholipase C beta 1	Homo sapiens	85-91
2311339-2	1990	Perindopril is the ester pro-drug of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindoprilat.	Esters	19-24	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	41-70
2338428-0	1990	Rapid hydrolysis in vivo in man of FCE 22891, the orally absorbed ester of FCE 22101.	Esters	66-71	ferrochelatase	Homo sapiens	35-38
2338428-0	1990	Rapid hydrolysis in vivo in man of FCE 22891, the orally absorbed ester of FCE 22101.	Esters	66-71	ferrochelatase	Homo sapiens	75-78
2386510-8	1990	Anti-band 3 antibodies are preferred targets for nascent C3b which forms ester bonds with IgG and generates C3b-IgG complexes.	Esters	73-78	complement C3	Homo sapiens	57-60
2312733-6	1990	Azurocidin neither bound [3H]diisopropyl fluorophosphate nor hydrolyzed any of the proteins, peptides, or esters tested.	Esters	106-112	azurocidin 1	Homo sapiens	0-10
2404692-4	1990	When an activator of the alternative complement pathway is present, C3b becomes covalently attached to its surface via an ester or amide bond.	Esters	122-127	complement C3	Homo sapiens	68-71
2292458-5	1990	We estimated the structural features of these different phorbol derivatives in relation to lymphocyte activation and CD4 modulation, and confirm that the ester side chains which give to the phorbol ester derivatives their lipophilic character, discriminate, according to their length, the ability of the different compounds to reach their receptor inside the cell membrane; we also brought some evidence that the polar phorbol nucleus of these compounds is probably responsible for their interaction with the membrane receptor mainly through the hydroxyl group in the C4 position.	Esters	154-159	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	117-120
2323183-2	1990	For both types of erythrocytes, activated C3b bound in a diffuse pattern via hydroxylamine-sensitive ester bonds.	Esters	101-106	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	42-45
2099340-4	1990	The cross-reactivities of Cep1-2 were affected by the presence or absence of dihydrothiazolidine ring of cephem nucleus in hapten-protein conjugates which were prepared by alkaline method, MBS method and activated ester method but the cross-reactivities of Cep2-2 were not.	Esters	214-219	CDC42 effector protein 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
3275469-4	1988	The radiolabelled fatty acid in CD9 appears to be ester bonded, as it is removed by treatment with hydroxylamine.	Esters	50-55	CD9 molecule	Homo sapiens	32-35
34874105-0	2022	Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of Ester Derivatives of Mogrol through JAK2/STAT3 Pathway.	Esters	44-49	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	85-90
33821640-6	2021	The esters inhibited tyrosinase by making the secondary structure of tyrosinase looser and less stable; moreover, the interactions between tyrosinase and AU driven by metal interactions and hydrogen bonds also offered a mechanism for inhibition of AU on tyrosinase.	Esters	4-10	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	21-31
33821640-6	2021	The esters inhibited tyrosinase by making the secondary structure of tyrosinase looser and less stable; moreover, the interactions between tyrosinase and AU driven by metal interactions and hydrogen bonds also offered a mechanism for inhibition of AU on tyrosinase.	Esters	4-10	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	69-79
33821640-6	2021	The esters inhibited tyrosinase by making the secondary structure of tyrosinase looser and less stable; moreover, the interactions between tyrosinase and AU driven by metal interactions and hydrogen bonds also offered a mechanism for inhibition of AU on tyrosinase.	Esters	4-10	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	69-79
33821640-6	2021	The esters inhibited tyrosinase by making the secondary structure of tyrosinase looser and less stable; moreover, the interactions between tyrosinase and AU driven by metal interactions and hydrogen bonds also offered a mechanism for inhibition of AU on tyrosinase.	Esters	4-10	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	69-79
33800410-5	2021	We report that the CCNF that was produced by an oxygen-rich coal fragment from C6mimCl ionic liquid extraction showed the highest concentrations of quinone and ester groups on the surface.	Esters	160-165	cyclin F	Homo sapiens	19-23
33807529-6	2021	Instrumental analyses confirmed hydroxycinnamic acids conjugated with CS through amide and ester bonds.	Esters	91-96	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	70-72
23214144-1	2012	Phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4, PLA2) belongs to the group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the ester bond at position sn-2 of glycerophospholipids and hence generate free fatty acids including arachidonic acid.	Esters	104-109	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-16
23214144-1	2012	Phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4, PLA2) belongs to the group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the ester bond at position sn-2 of glycerophospholipids and hence generate free fatty acids including arachidonic acid.	Esters	104-109	phospholipase A2 group IIA	Homo sapiens	30-34
34753005-5	2022	Two of the amide derivatives, but none of the ester-derivatives, also led to the production of IL-1beta by human-derived monocytes.	Esters	46-51	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	95-103
33776185-5	2021	The protocol leads to the formation of both aromatic and aliphatic esters and gives complete control over the ester"s substitution (e.g., OMe, O t Bu, OPh).	Esters	67-73	acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	151-154
17973474-10	2007	In contrast, K2[CoIIH2PtBuuam(OH)] does react with ethyl acetate to produce KOAc; this enhanced reactivity is attributed to the presence of the K+ ions, which can possibly interact with the CoII-OH unit and ester substrate to assist in hydrolysis.	Esters	207-212	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	16-20
8070342-7	1994	Both TA3 and TA4 glucuronides were hydrolyzed by treatment for 30 min at 37 C with 0.1 M NaOH and showed transesterification to the methyl esters by treatment with methanol, suggesting that they represent ester glucuronides with the carboxyl group.	Esters	110-115	trace amine associated receptor 9	Homo sapiens	5-8
8070342-7	1994	Both TA3 and TA4 glucuronides were hydrolyzed by treatment for 30 min at 37 C with 0.1 M NaOH and showed transesterification to the methyl esters by treatment with methanol, suggesting that they represent ester glucuronides with the carboxyl group.	Esters	110-115	trace amine associated receptor 6	Homo sapiens	13-16
34710447-5	2022	Moreover, the XPS and ATR-FTIR results elucidated that the oxidation patterns under the exposure conditions followed from ketone/aldehyde formation to carboxylate groups (carboxylic acid/ester).	Esters	187-192	ATR serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	22-25
34242492-3	2022	MPI1-9, GC376 and 11a all contain an aldehyde for the formation of a reversible covalent hemiacetal adduct with the MPro active site cysteine and 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3 contain a labile ester to exchange with the MPro active site cysteine for the formation of a thioester.	Esters	183-188	NEWENTRY	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus	210-214
34874105-0	2022	Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of Ester Derivatives of Mogrol through JAK2/STAT3 Pathway.	Esters	44-49	Janus kinase 2	Homo sapiens	80-84
34874105-1	2022	In attempt to enhance the antiproliferative activity of mogrol, two series of ester derivatives modified at C3 -OH and C11 -OH were designed and synthesized.	Esters	78-83	RNA polymerase III subunit K	Homo sapiens	119-122
34887660-3	2021	Methods and Results: In this study, smart self-assembled nanoparticles CPT-WT-H NPs were elaborately designed and synthesized by combing hydrophobic CPT with hydrophilic PSMA-responsive penta-peptide via a cleavable ester bond.	Esters	216-221	folate hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	170-174
34948341-4	2021	Among the ester derivatives obtained, ED2 and ED4 were the main ester derivatives in the RBE complex.	Esters	10-15	gap junction protein beta 6	Homo sapiens	38-41
34948341-4	2021	Among the ester derivatives obtained, ED2 and ED4 were the main ester derivatives in the RBE complex.	Esters	10-15	nectin cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	46-49
34948341-4	2021	Among the ester derivatives obtained, ED2 and ED4 were the main ester derivatives in the RBE complex.	Esters	64-69	gap junction protein beta 6	Homo sapiens	38-41
34948341-4	2021	Among the ester derivatives obtained, ED2 and ED4 were the main ester derivatives in the RBE complex.	Esters	64-69	nectin cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	46-49
34676906-3	2021	In this study, the use of a moderate-concentration LiPF6 and LiNO3 dual-salt electrolyte composed of ester and ether co-solvents (fluoroethylene carbonate/dimethoxyethane, FEC/DME), which forms a unique Li+ solvation with aggregated dual anions, that is, PF6 - and NO3 - , is proposed to stabilize high-voltage LMBs.	Esters	101-106	sperm associated antigen 17	Homo sapiens	255-258
34885939-4	2021	In combination with PPh3 and pyridine, these benziodazolones can smoothly react with alcohols or amines to produce the corresponding esters or amides of 3-chlorobenzoic acid, respectively.	Esters	133-139	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	20-24
34676906-3	2021	In this study, the use of a moderate-concentration LiPF6 and LiNO3 dual-salt electrolyte composed of ester and ether co-solvents (fluoroethylene carbonate/dimethoxyethane, FEC/DME), which forms a unique Li+ solvation with aggregated dual anions, that is, PF6 - and NO3 - , is proposed to stabilize high-voltage LMBs.	Esters	101-106	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	265-268
34700230-8	2021	RESULTS: The bioactive components of CP inhibiting HepG2 cells were mainly flavonoids, and esters.	Esters	91-97	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	37-39
34950767-4	2021	Using the human keratinocyte-derived cell line HaCaT, the present in vitro studies indicate that pretreatment of HaCaT keratinocytes with PAFR agonist ester can synergize with low fluences of UVB to generate high levels of MVP as well as IL-8 protein.	Esters	151-156	platelet activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens	138-142
34950767-4	2021	Using the human keratinocyte-derived cell line HaCaT, the present in vitro studies indicate that pretreatment of HaCaT keratinocytes with PAFR agonist ester can synergize with low fluences of UVB to generate high levels of MVP as well as IL-8 protein.	Esters	151-156	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	238-242
34487744-9	2021	The lipase activity of SIAE is specific to PS20, but not to PS 80 (PS80), which contains monoesters with long chain fatty acid (C18) and higher-order esters.	Esters	150-156	sialic acid acetylesterase	Homo sapiens	23-27
34648280-4	2021	To tackle the paradox between transfection efficiency and safety, we constructed a novel ATP-responsive multifunctional supramolecular polymer by cross-linking functionalized low-molecular-weight PEI via a boronic ester bond for NCEH1 plasmid delivery.	Esters	214-219	neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	229-234
34399391-0	2021	Identification and structure-activity relationship exploration of uracil-based benzoic acid and ester derivatives as novel dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	Esters	96-101	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Mus musculus	123-145
34399391-2	2021	Esters of the carboxyl analogs exhibited a significant DPP-4 potency loss albeit with enhanced oral absorption.	Esters	0-6	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Mus musculus	55-60
34399391-8	2021	The best compound ester 19b demonstrated long DPP-4 inhibition in vivo, and robustly improved the glucose tolerance in normal and db/db mice while ensuring glucose-lowering potency in chronic treatment.	Esters	18-23	dipeptidylpeptidase 4	Mus musculus	46-51
34601256-7	2021	Subsequently, the separation performances of these PIL stationary phases were demonstrated by separating various mixed samples of aromatic isomers, dichloroanilines, substituted alkanes, alcohols, esters, etc.	Esters	197-203	serpin family A member 2 (gene/pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	51-54
34592918-8	2021	Interestingly, nabumetone, flurbiprofen axetil, piketoprofen-amide, and nepafenac are ester prodrugs that inhibit COX-2.	Esters	86-91	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	114-119
34743324-4	2022	CES1 is a prominent hepatic enzyme responsible for the metabolism of many medications containing small ester moieties, including MPH.	Esters	103-108	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
34676754-2	2021	Here, we present a facile and simple approach for the generation of AOI from ester and acetal groups.	Esters	77-82	filamin B	Homo sapiens	68-71
34474179-6	2021	Chol-miR-26a was conjugated to an injectable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel through an ultraviolet (UV)-cleavable ester bond.	Esters	120-125	microRNA 26a-1	Homo sapiens	5-12
34606422-2	2021	Molecular docking and molecular dynamics have been performed for the 2-AAPA-neuraminidase complex as the ester-derived benzoic group shows several biological properties.	Esters	105-110	neuraminidase 1	Homo sapiens	76-89
34322999-0	2021	Ester-linked ubiquitination by HOIL-1 controls immune signalling by shaping the linear ubiquitin landscape.	Esters	0-5	RANBP2-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger containing 1	Homo sapiens	31-37
34638934-1	2021	Serum albumin possesses esterase and pseudo-esterase activities towards a number of endogenous and exogenous substrates, but the mechanism of interaction of various esters and other compounds with albumin is still unclear.	Esters	165-171	albumin	Homo sapiens	0-13
34453555-10	2021	Most abundant 5F-EMB-PINACA metabolites were generated by ester hydrolysis plus additional steps such as oxidative defluorination and hydroxylation.	Esters	58-63	embigin	Homo sapiens	17-20
34419572-3	2021	In this study, the "hidden" multi-target strategy was used in combination with chrysin"s metal chelating site and rivastigmine"s anti-cholinesterase pharmacophore to form an ester, which improves the hydrophobicity and protects the phenolic hydroxyl group at the same time.	Esters	174-179	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	134-148
34470569-8	2021	This enzymatic catalysis of the phospho-ester bond (P-O-C) is a hitherto unrecognised feature of this important immunomodulatory drug and should be investigated further.	Esters	40-45	proopiomelanocortin	Homo sapiens	52-57
34346693-7	2021	Herein, C-O and C-S bonds are assembled simultaneously with the concomitant introduction of important functional groups, viz., ester, thiocyanate, and sulfone.	Esters	127-132	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	16-19
34660989-5	2021	CS(G)MA hydrogel degradation rates increased with pH, due to hydroxide-driven ester hydrolysis.	Esters	78-83	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	0-2
34660989-8	2021	This bond absence allows CS(G)MA higher chain flexibility and hydration and could increase ester hydrolysis sensitivity in CS(G)MA networks.	Esters	91-96	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	25-27
34660989-8	2021	This bond absence allows CS(G)MA higher chain flexibility and hydration and could increase ester hydrolysis sensitivity in CS(G)MA networks.	Esters	91-96	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	123-125
34549232-0	2021	Solvent-controlled two-step one-pot syntheses of alpha-X (X = Br or Cl) enamino ketones/esters and 3-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acrylate by using terminal carbonyl alkynes.	Esters	88-94	chromosome 12 open reading frame 73	Homo sapiens	62-64
34397208-3	2021	We have developed novel, selective inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kdelta) which acylate the catalytic lysine, Lys779, using activated esters as the reactive electrophiles.	Esters	153-159	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	49-80
34397208-3	2021	We have developed novel, selective inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kdelta) which acylate the catalytic lysine, Lys779, using activated esters as the reactive electrophiles.	Esters	153-159	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	82-91
34397208-4	2021	The acylating agents were prepared by adding the activated ester motif to a known selective dihydroisobenzofuran PI3Kdelta inhibitor.	Esters	59-64	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta	Homo sapiens	113-122
34075694-7	2021	Electrolysis of an organic halide catalyzed by the B12 complex provided dechlorinated products under anaerobic conditions, while the electrolysis under aerobic conditions afforded oxygen incorporated products, such as an ester and amide along with dechlorination.	Esters	221-226	NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B3	Homo sapiens	51-54
34273429-8	2021	Furthermore, the carboxyl and ester groups of MBP have influences on the charge distribution of MBP, leading to change of electrostatic interactions between MBP and GR by calculations on electronic properties.	Esters	30-35	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Homo sapiens	165-167
34174250-1	2021	Mammalian carboxylesterases (CES), the key members of the serine hydrolase superfamily, hydrolyze a wide range of endogenous substances and xenobiotics bearing ester or amide bond(s).	Esters	160-165	cat eye syndrome chromosome region	Homo sapiens	29-32
34745711-8	2021	Thus, the H syn to the ester is activated through the coordination of the acrylate carbonyl to the cobaltacycle intermediate, which explains the uncommon Z-selectivity and regiodivergence.	Esters	23-28	synemin	Homo sapiens	12-15
34098082-0	2021	The ester derivatives obtained by C-ring modification of podophyllotoxin induce apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in PC-3M cells via down-regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.	Esters	4-9	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	161-164
34279947-7	2021	We conclude that introducing a stable isoxazole ring as an ester surrogate in DAG-lactones emerges as a novel structural approach to achieve PKC isozyme selectivity.	Esters	59-64	protein kinase C alpha	Homo sapiens	141-144
34139124-5	2021	Here, we have developed a pan SIRT1-3 inhibitor (NH4-6) and a SIRT2-selective inhibitor (NH4-13) with very similar chemical structures, with the only difference being the substitution of an ester bond to an amide bond.	Esters	190-195	sirtuin 2	Mus musculus	62-67
34667573-4	2021	This is achieved via two complementary routes: (i) an in situ approach using binary mixtures of acid- and ester-capped PSMA stabilizer chains during PISA or (ii) a post-polymerization processing strategy using a thermally-induced worm-to-sphere transition to mix acid- and ester-functionalized spheres at 110  C that fuse to form worms on cooling to 20  C. SAXS and rheology studies of these hydrogen-bonded worm gels provide detailed insights into their inter-worm interactions and physical behavior, respectively.	Esters	106-111	folate hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	119-123
34132933-2	2021	The enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) cleaves the ester bonds in acetylcholine and plays an important role in the termination of acetylcholine activity at cholinergic synapses in various regions of the nervous system.	Esters	51-56	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	11-31
34132933-2	2021	The enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) cleaves the ester bonds in acetylcholine and plays an important role in the termination of acetylcholine activity at cholinergic synapses in various regions of the nervous system.	Esters	51-56	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	33-37
34161732-3	2021	Here, using a combination of protein semisynthesis to incorporate phosphorylated amino acids, backbone amide-to-ester modifications, side chain substitutions, and binding kinetics, we examined the interaction between the intrinsically disordered motif of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain of Mint2.	Esters	112-117	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	255-280
34161732-3	2021	Here, using a combination of protein semisynthesis to incorporate phosphorylated amino acids, backbone amide-to-ester modifications, side chain substitutions, and binding kinetics, we examined the interaction between the intrinsically disordered motif of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain of Mint2.	Esters	112-117	amyloid beta precursor protein binding family A member 2	Homo sapiens	335-340
35184389-0	2022	The ester derivatives obtained by C-ring modification of podophyllotoxin induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in Hemangioma Endothelial Cells via down-regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.	Esters	4-9	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	179-182
34190758-8	2021	In the insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, was obtained LC50 of 111.84 mug mL-1 for the essential oil of citronella and 86.30 mug mL-1 for the esterified oils obtained with the enzyme NS 88011, indicating high toxicity of the esters.	Esters	242-248	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	91-95
34190758-8	2021	In the insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, was obtained LC50 of 111.84 mug mL-1 for the essential oil of citronella and 86.30 mug mL-1 for the esterified oils obtained with the enzyme NS 88011, indicating high toxicity of the esters.	Esters	242-248	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	146-150
34278147-7	2021	It was also suggested that an unexpected interaction between the ester protecting group at the 3-position of the selenofuranose ring and the anomeric carbon atom decreases the alpha/beta selectivity.	Esters	65-70	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	176-186
34163699-0	2021	Ruthenium-catalyzed formal sp3 C-H activation of allylsilanes/esters with olefins: efficient access to functionalized 1,3-dienes.	Esters	62-68	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	27-30
35594771-2	2022	The addition of 5 g/hL yeast protein extract and inactivated yeast from T. delbrueckii helped to preserve esters in wines with 9 and 18 months of aging on lees.	Esters	106-112	lipase C, hepatic type	Homo sapiens	20-22
35307949-0	2022	A Pd-H/Isothiourea Cooperative Catalysis Approach to anti-Aldol Motifs: Enantioselective a-Alkylation of Prochiral Esters with Oxyallenes.	Esters	115-121	pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1	Homo sapiens	2-6
35121328-4	2022	Significant (P < 0.05) decrease of 4 esters and 2-pentylfuran were observed with prolonged storage time for CSB stored at both 4  C and 25  C. PCA analysis indicated that the storage temperature of 4  C was beneficial to remain CSB volatiles during long storage time (2-4 d).	Esters	37-43	ERCC excision repair 6, chromatin remodeling factor	Homo sapiens	108-111
35121328-4	2022	Significant (P < 0.05) decrease of 4 esters and 2-pentylfuran were observed with prolonged storage time for CSB stored at both 4  C and 25  C. PCA analysis indicated that the storage temperature of 4  C was beneficial to remain CSB volatiles during long storage time (2-4 d).	Esters	37-43	ERCC excision repair 6, chromatin remodeling factor	Homo sapiens	228-231
35458682-1	2022	Phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is an enzyme that cleaves an ester bond at the sn-1 position of glycerophospholipids, producing a free fatty acid and a lysophospholipid.	Esters	53-58	lipase H	Homo sapiens	0-16
35566078-3	2022	Here, we prepared three ester derivatives of 2R-alpha-T3, and we selected a suitable prodrug compound using rat plasma and liver microsomes.	Esters	24-29	angiotensin II receptor, type 1b	Rattus norvegicus	48-56
35416139-8	2022	Proportion of IP esters in total IP ( IP) indicated that IP6/ IP was increased while IP4/ IP and IP3/ IP were reduced with increasing dietary Ca content, also with a greater impact in phytase-supplemented diets (Pinteraction=0.025, 0.018 and 0.009, respectively).	Esters	17-23	succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B	Sus scrofa	14-16
35416139-8	2022	Proportion of IP esters in total IP ( IP) indicated that IP6/ IP was increased while IP4/ IP and IP3/ IP were reduced with increasing dietary Ca content, also with a greater impact in phytase-supplemented diets (Pinteraction=0.025, 0.018 and 0.009, respectively).	Esters	17-23	succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B	Sus scrofa	33-35
35416139-8	2022	Proportion of IP esters in total IP ( IP) indicated that IP6/ IP was increased while IP4/ IP and IP3/ IP were reduced with increasing dietary Ca content, also with a greater impact in phytase-supplemented diets (Pinteraction=0.025, 0.018 and 0.009, respectively).	Esters	17-23	succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B	Sus scrofa	38-40
35416139-8	2022	Proportion of IP esters in total IP ( IP) indicated that IP6/ IP was increased while IP4/ IP and IP3/ IP were reduced with increasing dietary Ca content, also with a greater impact in phytase-supplemented diets (Pinteraction=0.025, 0.018 and 0.009, respectively).	Esters	17-23	succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B	Sus scrofa	62-64
35416139-8	2022	Proportion of IP esters in total IP ( IP) indicated that IP6/ IP was increased while IP4/ IP and IP3/ IP were reduced with increasing dietary Ca content, also with a greater impact in phytase-supplemented diets (Pinteraction=0.025, 0.018 and 0.009, respectively).	Esters	17-23	succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B	Sus scrofa	90-92
35635370-7	2022	The ester group of the probe reacts with hydrazine to generate Cy-H, causing a change in fluorescence.	Esters	4-9	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
35501997-8	2022	Ester fragments connected to 1,4-DHPs ring as a lipophilic part are essential for anticancer activity.	Esters	0-5	deoxyhypusine synthase	Homo sapiens	33-37
35274759-3	2022	We found that HOIL-1 monoubiquitylates glycogen and alpha1:4-linked maltoheptaose in vitro and identify the C6 hydroxyl moiety of glucose as the site of ester-linked ubiquitylation.	Esters	153-158	RanBP-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger containing 1	Mus musculus	14-20
35458682-1	2022	Phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is an enzyme that cleaves an ester bond at the sn-1 position of glycerophospholipids, producing a free fatty acid and a lysophospholipid.	Esters	53-58	lipase H	Homo sapiens	18-22
35329764-1	2022	New three-ring ester/azomethine homologues series, (E)-4-((4-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)phenyl 4-(alkoxy)benzoate In, were prepared and their properties were investigated experimentally and theoretically.	Esters	15-20	ubiquitination factor E4A	Homo sapiens	51-56
35484971-0	2022	Downregulation of EHT1 and EEB1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alters the Ester Profile of Wine during Fermentation.	Esters	71-76	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-22
35484971-0	2022	Downregulation of EHT1 and EEB1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alters the Ester Profile of Wine during Fermentation.	Esters	71-76	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	27-31
35409086-2	2022	Sterol-O-Acyl Transferase 1 (SOAT1), a key enzyme in the conversion of endoplasmic reticulum cholesterol to esters for storage in lipid droplets (LD), serves as a target for the orphan drug mitotane to treat adrenocortical carcinoma.	Esters	108-114	sterol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	0-27
35409086-2	2022	Sterol-O-Acyl Transferase 1 (SOAT1), a key enzyme in the conversion of endoplasmic reticulum cholesterol to esters for storage in lipid droplets (LD), serves as a target for the orphan drug mitotane to treat adrenocortical carcinoma.	Esters	108-114	sterol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
35484971-9	2022	Taken together, the synthesis of ethyl esters can be decreased by deleting one allele of EHT1 and EEB1 in the diploid EC1118 strain, which may modify the ester profile of wine more subtly compared to the complete deletion of target genes.	Esters	154-159	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	89-93
35484971-9	2022	Taken together, the synthesis of ethyl esters can be decreased by deleting one allele of EHT1 and EEB1 in the diploid EC1118 strain, which may modify the ester profile of wine more subtly compared to the complete deletion of target genes.	Esters	154-159	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	98-102
34995066-0	2022	Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of New Sinapic Acid Phenethyl Ester Analogues Targeting the Biosynthesis of 5-Lipoxygenase Products: The Role of Phenolic Moiety, Ester Function, and Bioisosterism.	Esters	170-175	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	116-130
35066316-4	2022	The lipid-lowering activity of the three esters was stronger than baicalin in the cell models of hepatic steatosis, adipocytes and foam macrophages, and was attributed to their higher intracellular accumulation and stronger direct activation of the carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A.	Esters	41-47	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A	Homo sapiens	249-282
35121857-0	2022	Cholesterylation of Smoothened is a calcium-accelerated autoreaction involving an intramolecular ester intermediate.	Esters	97-102	smoothened, frizzled class receptor	Mus musculus	20-30
35494099-2	2022	Supported by D 2-symmetric chiral amidoporphyrin ligand, Co(II)-based metalloradical system can efficiently activate unsymmetrical methyl phenyl diazomalonate (MPDM) with effective differentiation of the two ester groups for asymmetric cyclopropanation, enabling stereoselective construction of 1,1-cyclopropanediesters bearing two contiguous chiral centers, including all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center.	Esters	208-213	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	57-63
35224406-3	2022	In this work, we have found that the prodrug HAO472 (2) directly binds to Nsp9, establishing replacement of the labile ester with a bioisostere as a candidate drug strategy.	Esters	119-124	ORF1a polyprotein;ORF1ab polyprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	74-78
34982964-8	2022	Also, the uptake of the esters was inhibited by PepT2 substrate/blocker.	Esters	24-30	solute carrier family 15 member 2	Homo sapiens	48-53
34982964-10	2022	Furthermore, javamide-I ester could inhibit ATF-2 phosphorylation better than javamide-I in the cells, suggesting that the ester could be transported inside the cells better than javamide-I.	Esters	123-128	activating transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
34982964-12	2022	As expected, the esters were able to inhibit TNF-alpha and MCP-1 significantly in PBMCs (P < 0.005).	Esters	17-23	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	45-54
34982964-12	2022	As expected, the esters were able to inhibit TNF-alpha and MCP-1 significantly in PBMCs (P < 0.005).	Esters	17-23	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	59-64
35296225-8	2022	Our proposed methodology is expected to be helpful for human PK prediction of ester prodrugs hydrolyzed by CES1 and their hydrophilic parent compounds even during the preclinical phase.	Esters	78-83	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
2557328-8	1989	After nitrous acid deamination, the aqueous portion of the FBP contained covalently bound fatty acids, predominantly palmitate (16:0) and stearate (18:0), indicating the presence of additional acyl groups attached to the peptide in the form of amide, ester, or thioester linkage.	Esters	251-256	folate receptor beta	Homo sapiens	59-62
35076190-10	2022	CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that mOrange2 protein can be an effective alternate to BCECF-AM in measuring intracellular pH (preferred setting Ex520nm, Em 563nm) as affected by NHE3 and DRA activity, with the advantage, compared to AM ester dyes, that genetic expression can provide uniform expression of the pH sensor.	Esters	241-246	solute carrier family 9 member A3	Homo sapiens	183-187
35076190-10	2022	CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that mOrange2 protein can be an effective alternate to BCECF-AM in measuring intracellular pH (preferred setting Ex520nm, Em 563nm) as affected by NHE3 and DRA activity, with the advantage, compared to AM ester dyes, that genetic expression can provide uniform expression of the pH sensor.	Esters	241-246	solute carrier family 26 member 3	Homo sapiens	192-195
2632071-4	1989	The C-3 substituent affects the physicochemical and biochemical properties of POM ester, such as lipophilicity, water solubility, chemical stability and enzymatic stability.	Esters	82-87	complement component 3	Mus musculus	4-7
2505772-8	1989	Furthermore, PC containing either ester- or ether-linkage at the sn-1 position is degraded in preference to phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol by PLD in HL-60 cell homogenates.	Esters	34-39	glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1	Homo sapiens	161-164
2554526-5	1989	A reduction of activity is also seen as the ether linkage at position 1 of PAF is replaced by an ester linkage.	Esters	97-102	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	75-78
2605679-6	1989	Analysis of the rate constants indicated that the isomerization rate k12 was approximately equal to the apparent degradation rate of the delta 3 ester kdeg, and slower than the hydrolysis rate of the delta 2 ester k24.	Esters	145-150	keratin 12	Homo sapiens	69-72
2605679-6	1989	Analysis of the rate constants indicated that the isomerization rate k12 was approximately equal to the apparent degradation rate of the delta 3 ester kdeg, and slower than the hydrolysis rate of the delta 2 ester k24.	Esters	145-150	keratin 24	Homo sapiens	214-217
2605680-9	1989	These results show that the substituent at the C-3 position influences mainly the electronic structure of the conjugated pi-bond system (C3 = C4 - C4 = O) and consequently affects the feasibility of isomerization to the delta 2 ester, i.e., the stability to degradation.	Esters	228-233	complement C3	Homo sapiens	47-50
2554270-1	1989	Moexipril [2-[(1-ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl]amino-1-oxopropyl]-6, 7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (S,S,S)], an ester prodrug of an ACE inhibitor, was formulated in controlled-release preparations with a range of in vitro release rates, to provide a prolonged input of drug in vivo.	Esters	144-149	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	164-167
2657065-5	1989	The ester derivatives (6a-d) possess superior in vitro activity to artemisinin, artemether, and arteether against two strains of Plasmodium falciparum (D-6 and W-2); however, conversion of the esters to their corresponding acids drastically reduces their antimalarial activity.	Esters	4-9	atypical chemokine receptor 2	Homo sapiens	152-155
2553422-6	1989	The relative resistance of the 20:4- and 20:5- esters of chylomicrons to lipoprotein lipase may be important for the tissue distribution of these fatty acids.	Esters	47-53	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	73-91
2790002-1	1989	2-Sulfobenzoic cyclic anhydride (SBA) rapidly and selectively inactivates porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) only when added during the hydrolysis of an emulsified ester such as tributyrin or dodecyl acetate.	Esters	161-166	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	82-99
2815679-2	1989	Under these conditions HDL3 subfraction was transformed into HDL2-like particles, where content of unesterified cholesterol and its esters was increased simultaneously with enlargement of the particles size.	Esters	132-138	HDL3	Homo sapiens	23-27
2815679-2	1989	Under these conditions HDL3 subfraction was transformed into HDL2-like particles, where content of unesterified cholesterol and its esters was increased simultaneously with enlargement of the particles size.	Esters	132-138	junctophilin 3	Homo sapiens	61-65
2496125-5	1989	(1988) Biochemistry 27, 25-29), labeled esters were first detected, after a 2-min delay, in a third pre beta-migrating species which also contained apolipoprotein D, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein.	Esters	40-46	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	166-202
2707318-4	1989	The thioether-linked lipid conjugate ara-CDP-D,L-PTBA showed considerably higher efficacy than the ester-linked lipid conjugate ara-CDP-L-dipalmitin.	Esters	99-104	cut-like homeobox 1	Mus musculus	41-44
2707318-4	1989	The thioether-linked lipid conjugate ara-CDP-D,L-PTBA showed considerably higher efficacy than the ester-linked lipid conjugate ara-CDP-L-dipalmitin.	Esters	99-104	cut-like homeobox 1	Mus musculus	132-135
2496125-5	1989	(1988) Biochemistry 27, 25-29), labeled esters were first detected, after a 2-min delay, in a third pre beta-migrating species which also contained apolipoprotein D, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein.	Esters	40-46	cholesteryl ester transfer protein	Homo sapiens	208-242
2564894-6	1989	These observations suggested that esters at C-2" and/or C-7, which would tend to promote water solubility, might serve as useful prodrugs of taxol.	Esters	34-40	complement C2	Homo sapiens	44-47
2541070-2	1989	Large granular lymphocytes (LGL), monocytes, and a subset of T cells (CD8/CD11+) were permanently eliminated by the ester treatment.	Esters	116-121	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	70-73
2912979-1	1989	A derivative of ganglioside GT1b (IV3NeuAc,II3(NeuAc)2-GgOse4) with an active ester in its lipid portion was synthesized and covalently attached to bovine serum albumin (BSA).	Esters	78-83	albumin	Rattus norvegicus	155-168
2918027-9	1989	Hydrolysis of ester-like bonds with neutral hydroxylamine removes the bound fatty acid and exposes new thiol groups on GAP-43, suggesting that fatty acid is attached to the protein"s only two cysteine residues, located in a short hydrophobic domain at the amino terminus.	Esters	14-19	growth associated protein 43	Rattus norvegicus	119-125
2659569-0	1989	Synthesis and antimicrobial spectrum of FCE 22101 and its orally available ester FCE 22891.	Esters	75-80	ferrochelatase	Homo sapiens	40-43
2659569-0	1989	Synthesis and antimicrobial spectrum of FCE 22101 and its orally available ester FCE 22891.	Esters	75-80	ferrochelatase	Homo sapiens	81-84
2807625-0	1989	Some remarkable effects of thiopeptide and derived linkages on lysozyme release from neutrophils by esters of the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-Met-Leu-Phe-OR).	Esters	100-106	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	63-71
2540671-6	1989	Myoglobin and glycine were allowed to react with the active ester, and the result for this silica support was evaluated by the DRIFT method.	Esters	60-65	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	0-9
3168161-4	1988	The spin-labeled positionally isomeric (n,m)PA- and AP(n,m)-type esters carry straight aliphatic acyl chains of different overall lengths N (number of C atoms).	Esters	65-71	spindlin 1	Mus musculus	4-8
2850867-4	1988	There was evidence that ester linkages between the glucuronosyl residues, attached to O-2 of the (1----4)-linked xylosyl residues, and phenolic groups of lignin were also saponified.	Esters	24-29	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39	Homo sapiens	86-104
3065216-3	1988	In the present study, two anti-CR3 monoclonal antibodies, M1/70 and 5C6, which ligate different epitopes of murine CR3, have been used in conjunction with sodium salicyl hydroxamate (Saha; inhibits covalent ester linkages of C3 to an activator surface) to block binding of L. donovani and L. major promastigotes harvested at different phases of their growth cycle.	Esters	207-212	cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 1, CNS	Mus musculus	58-71
2467438-2	1988	Content of cholesterol and its esters, developing complexes with fibrinogen, was found to increase simultaneously with a decrease in the phospholipids, containing in the protein fraction, under conditions of the disease.	Esters	31-37	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	65-75
3264881-4	1988	We demonstrate that human C4b binds to IgG in the fluid phase, that its covalent binding is predominantly to the heavy chain of IgG, and that the covalent linkage is by either amide or acyl ester bonds.	Esters	190-195	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	26-29
2844467-1	1988	Perindopril is the ester prodrug of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor S-9780.	Esters	19-24	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	40-69
3210955-1	1988	Five DTPA-amide and ester derivatives have been synthesized and their Gd3+ stability constants have been measured using a simple spectrophotometric method.	Esters	20-25	GRDX	Homo sapiens	70-73
3066368-16	1988	Among the esters of GMCHA examined, GMCHA-OPhBut most strongly and competitively inhibited pH 7 tryptase but it had no effect on chymase.	Esters	10-16	tryptase alpha/beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-104
3215961-5	1988	However, diastereoisomeric esters prepared from (+)-endo-1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxyl ic acid [(+)-HCA] were easily separated.	Esters	27-33	ENDO1	Homo sapiens	52-58
2838088-1	1988	We have provided a quantum mechanical model for proteinase-catalyzed peptide, amide and ester hydrolysis.	Esters	88-93	endogenous retrovirus group K member 25	Homo sapiens	48-58
3290012-7	1988	Initiation of insulin release by esters of succinate suggests that mitochondrial metabolism alone is sufficient to initiate and support insulin release.	Esters	33-39	insulin	Homo sapiens	14-21
3290012-7	1988	Initiation of insulin release by esters of succinate suggests that mitochondrial metabolism alone is sufficient to initiate and support insulin release.	Esters	33-39	insulin	Homo sapiens	136-143
3042385-6	1988	The YPT1 protein could be labelled with [3H]palmitic acid that appeared to be bound in an ester linkage.	Esters	90-95	Rab family GTPase YPT1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	4-8
3065263-3	1988	A series of peptides covering the sequence 55-76 situated upstream from the intramembraneous hydrophobic region of GPA was synthesized by an active ester coupling strategy and assessed for invasion-blocking capacity by using an in vitro assay system.	Esters	148-153	glycophorin A (MNS blood group)	Homo sapiens	115-118
3346219-3	1988	The inactivation is characterized by an apparently greater loss of fibrinogen-clotting activity than activity toward synthetic ester substrates, suggesting that the residues modified by tetranitromethane are involved in the interaction of thrombin with fibrinogen.	Esters	127-132	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	239-247
3379586-4	1988	A structural similarity of such esters with benzoylcholine, a good substrate for cholinesterase, was put forward.	Esters	32-38	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	81-95
3247474-2	1988	To assign the absolute configuration at C-15, a crystalline high-melting C-1 ester analog 5 11,15-dihydroxy-16-methoxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid 4-(4-bromobenzamide)phenyl ester (15R, 16R) was prepared and submitted to single crystal X-ray analysis.	Esters	77-82	placenta associated 8	Homo sapiens	40-44
3247474-2	1988	To assign the absolute configuration at C-15, a crystalline high-melting C-1 ester analog 5 11,15-dihydroxy-16-methoxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid 4-(4-bromobenzamide)phenyl ester (15R, 16R) was prepared and submitted to single crystal X-ray analysis.	Esters	77-82	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	40-43
3349096-1	1988	The pancreatic enzyme carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) has been shown to hydrolyse a large number of different esters, including triacylglycerols, cholesteryl esters and retinyl esters with an absolute requirement for bile salts.	Esters	106-112	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	22-43
3349096-1	1988	The pancreatic enzyme carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) has been shown to hydrolyse a large number of different esters, including triacylglycerols, cholesteryl esters and retinyl esters with an absolute requirement for bile salts.	Esters	106-112	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	45-48
3349096-6	1988	Lipase alone did not hydrolyse CO or RP, but CEL did hydrolyse these esters if lipase was present.	Esters	69-75	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	45-48
2829392-3	1988	Although much more stable at physiological pH than its 4-nitrophenyl analogue, this ester is a good inhibitor of neuropathy target esterase (NTE): kappa a = 1.7 X 10(5) M-1 min-1.	Esters	84-89	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 6	Homo sapiens	113-139
3359651-1	1988	A new albumin assay, based on the unusual enzyme-like activity of the protein that promotes hydrolysis of ester bonds in fatty acid arylesters was designed for clinical routine use.	Esters	106-111	albumin	Homo sapiens	6-13
3339614-3	1988	This compound was therefore chosen as the basic backbone of a structure-activity study to determine what effect different N1-substituents, N6-substituents, and ester ring substituents had on 5HT2 receptor affinity.	Esters	160-165	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	191-204
3339614-4	1988	Maximal 5HT2 receptor affinity was obtained when the N1-substituent was isopropyl, the N6-substituent was methyl, and there was a hydroxy or keto substituent in the 4-position of the ester cyclohexyl ring.	Esters	183-188	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	8-21
3280332-6	1988	The proteinase hydrolysed mostly arginine amide and ester bonds.	Esters	52-57	endogenous retrovirus group K member 25	Homo sapiens	4-14
2829392-3	1988	Although much more stable at physiological pH than its 4-nitrophenyl analogue, this ester is a good inhibitor of neuropathy target esterase (NTE): kappa a = 1.7 X 10(5) M-1 min-1.	Esters	84-89	patatin like phospholipase domain containing 6	Homo sapiens	141-144
2829392-3	1988	Although much more stable at physiological pH than its 4-nitrophenyl analogue, this ester is a good inhibitor of neuropathy target esterase (NTE): kappa a = 1.7 X 10(5) M-1 min-1.	Esters	84-89	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	173-178
3201993-7	1988	The results suggest that fatty acid binding protein may bind cholesterol and its esters in addition to free fatty acids.	Esters	81-87	glutamatic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	25-51
2967089-2	1988	It is an ester prodrug that is hydrolysed in vivo to the active diacid ACE inhibitor, SQ 27, 519.	Esters	9-14	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	71-74
3389162-2	1988	It was found that besides the ester type phosphates of myosin there was a considerable amount of N-P type energy-rich phosphoryl groups bond to the basic amino acids of peptide chains.	Esters	30-35	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	55-61
3509345-1	1987	Synthesis and effects on audiogenic seizures of ester prodrugs of nipecotic acid, guvacine and cis-4-hydroxynipecotic acid.	Esters	48-53	suppressor of cytokine signaling 6	Mus musculus	95-100
2831753-11	1987	The method is illustrated for free acids and methyl esters of 14:1 (cis-9), 16:1 (cis-9), 18:1 (cis-6), 18:1 (cis-9), and 18:1 (cis-11).	Esters	52-58	suppressor of cytokine signaling 5	Homo sapiens	96-101
3692389-6	1987	The addition of PA to the incubation system effectively inhibited the hydrolysis of the ester groups in T-2 toxin, resulting in 1.4- and 1.25-fold increases in the percentage of 3"-hydroxy T-2 in the mouse and rat microsomal samples, respectively.	Esters	88-93	brachyury 2	Mus musculus	104-107
3676446-3	1987	This new sub-subgel (SGII) phase may be a precursor to the subgel (SGI) phase, and this discovery is discussed in relation to the current knowledge regarding the polymorphic gel phases of both ester- and ether-linked lipids with identical acyl chains.	Esters	193-198	semenogelin 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
3509345-10	1987	The ethyl and pivaloyloxymethyl esters 9 and 11 of cis-4-acetoxynipecotic acid, designed as "double" ester prodrugs of the GABA uptake inhibitor cis-4-OH-nipecotic acid, were synthesized and shown to have very weak anticonvulsant effects.	Esters	32-37	suppressor of cytokine signaling 6	Mus musculus	51-56
3509345-10	1987	The ethyl and pivaloyloxymethyl esters 9 and 11 of cis-4-acetoxynipecotic acid, designed as "double" ester prodrugs of the GABA uptake inhibitor cis-4-OH-nipecotic acid, were synthesized and shown to have very weak anticonvulsant effects.	Esters	32-37	suppressor of cytokine signaling 6	Mus musculus	145-150
23604941-6	1987	With verrucarol (scirpendiol), scirpentriol, and T-2 tetraol analogues the esters generally showed significantly higher cytotoxicity.	Esters	75-81	solute carrier family 25 member 5	Homo sapiens	49-52
3611054-8	1987	Comparison of medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase sequence to other flavoproteins and enzymes which act on coenzyme A ester substrates did not lead to unambiguous identification of a possible FAD-binding site nor a coenzyme A-binding domain.	Esters	118-123	acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain	Rattus norvegicus	14-49
3476960-6	1987	The membrane FBP, following delipidation with chloroform/methanol, contained 7.1 mol of fatty acid per mol of protein, of which 4.7 mol was amide-linked and 2.4 mol was ester-linked.	Esters	169-174	folate receptor beta	Homo sapiens	13-16
3039137-2	1987	The ester group was removed by hydrogenolysis to give sodium 2 beta-[(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-2 alpha-methylpenam-3 alpha-carboxylate 1,1-dioxide (3i, YTR-830), which was found to be a potent inhibitor of various bacterial beta-lactamases.	Esters	4-9	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	63-73
2954957-6	1987	There are also differences between the E1 and E2 states in the C = O stretching vibrations of the ester carbonyl groups of phospholipids in intact sarcoplasmic reticulum that are not observed under identical conditions in isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum lipid dispersions.	Esters	98-103	small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 73A	Homo sapiens	39-48
3593697-1	1987	Nuclear magnetic resonance analyses have been made of the individual hydrogen-deuterium exchange rates of tryptophan indole N-1 hydrogens in native lysozyme and its chemically modified derivatives including lysozyme with an ester cross-linkage between Glu-35 and Trp-108, lysozyme with an internal amide cross-linking between the epsilon-amino group of Lys-13 and the alpha-carboxyl group of Leu-129, and lysozyme with the beta-aspartyl sequence at Asp-101.	Esters	224-229	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	207-215
3597406-3	1987	All ester PCs were good acyl donors for the transesterification of cholesterol catalyzed by human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase except DPhPC, which showed no reactivity.	Esters	4-9	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	98-134
3032615-4	1987	The augmentation of ester hydrolysis by cAMP is completely matched by increased activity of the acyl-coenzyme-A:cholesterol acyltransferase and thus does not regulate cellular cholesterol ester concentration per se.	Esters	20-25	carboxylesterase 1G	Mus musculus	96-139
3656357-2	1987	Some overlap occurred in the 5HT2 receptor affinities of the different ester series, indicating that both the ester side chain and the indole substituent influenced 5HT2 receptor affinity.	Esters	71-76	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	29-42
3656357-2	1987	Some overlap occurred in the 5HT2 receptor affinities of the different ester series, indicating that both the ester side chain and the indole substituent influenced 5HT2 receptor affinity.	Esters	71-76	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	165-178
3656357-2	1987	Some overlap occurred in the 5HT2 receptor affinities of the different ester series, indicating that both the ester side chain and the indole substituent influenced 5HT2 receptor affinity.	Esters	110-115	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	29-42
3656357-2	1987	Some overlap occurred in the 5HT2 receptor affinities of the different ester series, indicating that both the ester side chain and the indole substituent influenced 5HT2 receptor affinity.	Esters	110-115	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	165-178
3656357-3	1987	While 5HT2 receptor affinity was affected by the structure of the ester side chain, the N1-substituent played a more crucial role in determining 5HT2 receptor affinity.	Esters	66-71	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	6-19
3656357-4	1987	When the ester side chain was held constant, maximal 5HT2 receptor affinity for that series of esters was obtained when the N1-substituent was isopropyl.	Esters	9-14	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	53-66
3656357-4	1987	When the ester side chain was held constant, maximal 5HT2 receptor affinity for that series of esters was obtained when the N1-substituent was isopropyl.	Esters	95-101	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Homo sapiens	53-66
3593697-1	1987	Nuclear magnetic resonance analyses have been made of the individual hydrogen-deuterium exchange rates of tryptophan indole N-1 hydrogens in native lysozyme and its chemically modified derivatives including lysozyme with an ester cross-linkage between Glu-35 and Trp-108, lysozyme with an internal amide cross-linking between the epsilon-amino group of Lys-13 and the alpha-carboxyl group of Leu-129, and lysozyme with the beta-aspartyl sequence at Asp-101.	Esters	224-229	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	207-215
3593697-1	1987	Nuclear magnetic resonance analyses have been made of the individual hydrogen-deuterium exchange rates of tryptophan indole N-1 hydrogens in native lysozyme and its chemically modified derivatives including lysozyme with an ester cross-linkage between Glu-35 and Trp-108, lysozyme with an internal amide cross-linking between the epsilon-amino group of Lys-13 and the alpha-carboxyl group of Leu-129, and lysozyme with the beta-aspartyl sequence at Asp-101.	Esters	224-229	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	207-215
2434595-4	1987	They are inactivated upon treatment with propanol, heat, and acid; the covalent and equimolar complexes formed between these PAIs and 125I-uPA are dissociated by ammonium hydroxide, suggesting that the PAIs are linked to uPA via an ester bond.	Esters	232-237	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	139-142
3545084-5	1987	Pr1 shows a broad primary specificity toward amino acids with hydrophobic side groups in synthetic ester and amide substrates.	Esters	99-104	transmembrane protein 37	Homo sapiens	0-3
3803609-4	1987	These results indicate the presence of pyruvate covalently bound through an ester linkage to phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase which is then another example of a mammalian enzyme in which pyruvate is involved in a catalytic activity.	Esters	76-81	phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	93-134
3494243-2	1987	This recombinant interleukin 2 was chemically modified by an active ester of polyethylene glycol.	Esters	68-73	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	17-30
3818589-9	1987	The product of the reaction was identified as myelin proteolipid protein and the fatty acid was shown to be attached to the protein via an ester linkage.	Esters	139-144	proteolipid protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-72
2434595-4	1987	They are inactivated upon treatment with propanol, heat, and acid; the covalent and equimolar complexes formed between these PAIs and 125I-uPA are dissociated by ammonium hydroxide, suggesting that the PAIs are linked to uPA via an ester bond.	Esters	232-237	plasminogen activator, urokinase	Homo sapiens	221-224
3581799-5	1987	In FEC-H, 78% of the radioactivity was found in the esters, as opposed to 10% found in the N-H group.	Esters	52-58	ferrochelatase	Homo sapiens	3-8
3801497-1	1987	Hexyl-alpha-chymotrypsin, a hydrophobic derivative of the enzyme, is explored for the proteinase-catalyzed ester synthesis reaction with N-acetyl-L-tyrosine and ethanol.	Esters	107-112	endogenous retrovirus group K member 25	Homo sapiens	86-96
2436336-7	1986	The effect of these esters on the thrombin clotting time correlated with in vitro kinetic measurements of alpha-thrombin inhibition rates.	Esters	20-26	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	34-42
3584214-0	1987	Cytotoxic esters of 1,1-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-but-1-ene with selective antitumor activity against estrogen receptor-containing mammary tumors.	Esters	10-16	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	107-124
3584214-5	1987	Because of their alkylating activities, all cytotoxic esters showed an irreversible mode of binding to the estrogen receptor.	Esters	54-60	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	107-124
3584214-9	1987	Therefore, the antitumor activity of these esters could be due not only to their improved pharmacokinetic properties compared to 1, but also to a selective estrogen receptor-mediated cytotoxic action.	Esters	43-49	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	156-173
3103612-1	1986	The influence of temperature of enzymic semisynthesis of human insulin ester was determined by using coupling and transpeptidation methods with trypsin and Achromobacter lyticus proteinase I as catalysts.	Esters	71-76	insulin	Homo sapiens	63-70
3024170-3	1986	Epinephrine evokes (i) an increased turnover of ester-linked arachidonic acid in aspirin treated platelets that is inhibited by ONO-RS-082, EDTA, yohimbine, or the absence of fibrinogen and (ii) a rapid cytoplasmic alkalinization that is inhibited partially by blockage of cyclooxygenase activity and completely by A2A9 or EIPA.	Esters	48-53	fibrinogen beta chain	Homo sapiens	175-185
3818446-1	1986	A large group of ester derivatives of tylosin-related macrolides was prepared in which the hydroxyl groups at C-3 and C-4"" were acylated by either chemical or biochemical methods.	Esters	17-22	complement C3	Homo sapiens	110-113
3818446-1	1986	A large group of ester derivatives of tylosin-related macrolides was prepared in which the hydroxyl groups at C-3 and C-4"" were acylated by either chemical or biochemical methods.	Esters	17-22	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	118-121
3795028-6	1986	The elongation of the ester chain from acetate to valerate in both position C-17 and C-21 leads to the increase in both the binding affinity for the receptor and the lipophilicity of steroids.	Esters	22-27	cytokine like 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
3798577-1	1986	The kinetics of thrombin-catalyzed hydrolysis of the esters of arginine-containing di- and tripeptides at pH 8.5 and the inhibition of fibrinogen-thrombin reaction by these compounds are studied.	Esters	53-59	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	16-24
3798577-1	1986	The kinetics of thrombin-catalyzed hydrolysis of the esters of arginine-containing di- and tripeptides at pH 8.5 and the inhibition of fibrinogen-thrombin reaction by these compounds are studied.	Esters	53-59	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	146-154
3798577-3	1986	The data obtained indicate that the efficiency of the thrombin-catalyzed hydrolysis of the peptides or a degree of the retardation of the proteolytic activity of thrombin by the esters under investigation depend on the hydrophobicity of the amino acid residues located at subsides P2 and P3 of the peptides.	Esters	178-184	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	54-62
3798577-3	1986	The data obtained indicate that the efficiency of the thrombin-catalyzed hydrolysis of the peptides or a degree of the retardation of the proteolytic activity of thrombin by the esters under investigation depend on the hydrophobicity of the amino acid residues located at subsides P2 and P3 of the peptides.	Esters	178-184	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	162-170
3756214-4	1986	Stability and survival times of liposomes were markedly increased by modifying both the C-1 and the C-2 ester linkages in PC.	Esters	104-109	complement C2	Rattus norvegicus	100-103
3761315-0	1986	Role of the C-terminal carboxylate in angiotensin II activity: alcohol, ketone, and ester analogues of angiotensin II.	Esters	84-89	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	38-52
3761315-0	1986	Role of the C-terminal carboxylate in angiotensin II activity: alcohol, ketone, and ester analogues of angiotensin II.	Esters	84-89	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	103-117
3783582-1	1986	A series of phenethyl ester derivative analogues of the C-terminal tetrapeptide of gastrin, in which the phenylalanyl residue has been replaced by a phenethyl group and the peptide bond between aspartic acid and phenylalanine by an ester bond, were synthesized.	Esters	22-27	gastrin	Rattus norvegicus	83-90
3795028-6	1986	The elongation of the ester chain from acetate to valerate in both position C-17 and C-21 leads to the increase in both the binding affinity for the receptor and the lipophilicity of steroids.	Esters	22-27	TBL1X/Y related 1	Homo sapiens	85-89
3465717-4	1986	We found that the esters (2) gave improved oral BAs over 1: the 1-(3-methyl-valeryloxy)ethyl ester (2h) showed the highest peak plasma CTM level (Cmax) comparable to that obtained after subcutaneous injection of CTM.	Esters	18-24	V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 2	Mus musculus	135-138
3017421-3	1986	ESR spectra of an ester spin label indicate that at low uncharged anesthetic: lipid ratios, membrane organization decreases.	Esters	18-23	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
3745178-2	1986	When the concentration of components of the mixed micelles is approximately equal to or greater than the critical micelle concentration, time courses for lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the esters are described by the integrated form of the Michaelis-Menten equation.	Esters	201-207	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	154-172
3745178-5	1986	The results for interfacial lipoprotein lipase catalysis, along with previously determined kinetic parameters for the water-soluble esters p-nitrophenyl acetate and p-nitrophenyl butyrate, indicate that lipoprotein lipase has highest specificity for the substrates that have fatty acyl chains of intermediate length (i.e. p-nitrophenyl butyrate and p-nitrophenyl caprylate).	Esters	132-138	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	28-46
3745178-5	1986	The results for interfacial lipoprotein lipase catalysis, along with previously determined kinetic parameters for the water-soluble esters p-nitrophenyl acetate and p-nitrophenyl butyrate, indicate that lipoprotein lipase has highest specificity for the substrates that have fatty acyl chains of intermediate length (i.e. p-nitrophenyl butyrate and p-nitrophenyl caprylate).	Esters	132-138	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	203-221
3465717-4	1986	We found that the esters (2) gave improved oral BAs over 1: the 1-(3-methyl-valeryloxy)ethyl ester (2h) showed the highest peak plasma CTM level (Cmax) comparable to that obtained after subcutaneous injection of CTM.	Esters	18-24	V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 2	Mus musculus	212-215
3756304-8	1986	Since the ester compounds do not have hydrogen bond donating groups proximate to the aromatic ring, these results suggest a model for the A-T specificity of these compounds that involves a solvent-mediated hydrogen bond between the C-2 carbonyl of thymine and the carbonyl group of the intercalators.	Esters	10-15	complement C2	Bos taurus	232-235
2874801-1	1986	Hemin, having two carboxyl groups, was coupled with monomethoxypolyethylene glycol, PEG, through the ester bond formed with carbodiimide.	Esters	101-106	progestagen associated endometrial protein	Homo sapiens	84-87
2426408-5	1986	In both systems and with all precursors studied, the label associated with PLP was shown to be in ester linkage.	Esters	98-103	proteolipid protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	75-78
3950449-3	1986	We compared amide- and ester-linked forms of covalently bound C3b among unencapsulated and encapsulated isolates and differentiated cell wall from capsular binding.	Esters	23-28	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	62-65
3014498-8	1986	EF-Tu X GTP thus treated has lost its ability to protect the ester bond of aminoacyl-tRNA.	Esters	61-66	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	0-5
3718998-7	1986	Longitudinal relaxation times, T1, of deuterated cholesteryl oleate are found to increase between C-8" and the terminal -C2H3 group, which is consistent with an increased rate of chain motion toward the free ends of the ester acyl chains.	Esters	53-58	homeobox C8	Homo sapiens	98-101
2940302-12	1986	The most abundant fatty acid moieties of these esters were C16:0 and C15:0, whereas C14:0, C17:0, and C20:0 were the most frequently detected alcohol moieties.	Esters	47-53	placenta associated 8	Homo sapiens	69-72
2874789-1	1986	In water, the purified 26 000-Mr membrane-bound DD-peptidase of Streptomyces K15 hydrolyses the ester carbonyl donor Ac2-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-lactate (release of D-lactate) and the amide carbonyl donor Ac2-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala (release of D-alanine) with accumulation of acyl- (Ac2-L-Lys-D-alanyl-)enzyme.	Esters	96-101	adenylate cyclase 2	Homo sapiens	117-120
2874789-1	1986	In water, the purified 26 000-Mr membrane-bound DD-peptidase of Streptomyces K15 hydrolyses the ester carbonyl donor Ac2-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-lactate (release of D-lactate) and the amide carbonyl donor Ac2-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala (release of D-alanine) with accumulation of acyl- (Ac2-L-Lys-D-alanyl-)enzyme.	Esters	96-101	adenylate cyclase 2	Homo sapiens	195-198
2874789-1	1986	In water, the purified 26 000-Mr membrane-bound DD-peptidase of Streptomyces K15 hydrolyses the ester carbonyl donor Ac2-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-lactate (release of D-lactate) and the amide carbonyl donor Ac2-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala (release of D-alanine) with accumulation of acyl- (Ac2-L-Lys-D-alanyl-)enzyme.	Esters	96-101	adenylate cyclase 2	Homo sapiens	195-198
2416880-3	1986	In the presence of [3H]palmitic acid, CoA, ATP, and Mg2+, acylation of endogenous PLP occurred at a linear rate for at least 2 h. The radioactivity was associated with the protein via an ester linkage, mainly as palmitic acid.	Esters	187-192	proteolipid protein 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
3512717-2	1986	Moreover, although C4B formed predominantly ester linkages, C4A displayed a preference for amide bond formation.	Esters	44-49	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	19-22
3512717-7	1986	Irrespective of the target, C4A and C4B maintained their preference for forming amide and ester bonds, respectively.	Esters	90-95	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	28-31
3512717-7	1986	Irrespective of the target, C4A and C4B maintained their preference for forming amide and ester bonds, respectively.	Esters	90-95	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	36-39
3955020-8	1986	For depsipeptides, [P0] values are 1 mol of produce per mole of enzyme over the entire temperature range -20 to -50 degrees C, indicating cleavage of the ester bond occurs prior to the rate-limiting step so that ES2 is more properly denoted by EP1P2, where P1 and P2 are the substrates for the reverse reaction.	Esters	154-159	ess-2 splicing factor homolog	Homo sapiens	212-215
3864781-1	1985	Esterase 1, a well-characterized mouse plasma protein of unknown function, has activity against a wide range of ester substrates including beta-alanine nitrophenyl esters and 17 beta-esters of estradiol.	Esters	112-117	carboxylesterase 1C	Mus musculus	0-10
3080004-0	1986	Marked and prolonged inhibition of mammalian ornithine decarboxylase in vivo by esters of (E)-2-(fluoromethyl)dehydroornithine.	Esters	80-86	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	45-68
3080004-7	1986	All the esters of (E)-2-(fluoromethyl)dehydroornithine produce a particularly long duration of ODC inhibition in the ventral prostate and in the testes.	Esters	8-14	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	95-98
2423073-1	1986	The interaction of human serum albumin and of alpha-fetoprotein to poly(ethylene glycol)-bound fatty acids is compared using the method of affinity partitioning in an aqueous two-phase system composed of dextran, poly(ethylene glycol) and esters of different fatty acids with poly(ethylene glycol).	Esters	239-245	alpha fetoprotein	Homo sapiens	46-63
4075817-5	1985	Together these findings suggest that esters whose chain length exceeds 4 carbons will be hydrolyzed primarily by BuChE.	Esters	37-43	cholinesterase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	113-118
2933077-2	1985	Values of kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of esters and p-nitroanilides of L-lysine and L-arginine catalyzed by the Lys77 form of human plasmin (EC 3.4.21.7) have been determined between pH 5.5 and 8 (I = 0.1 M) at 21 +/- 0.5 degrees C. Over the whole pH range explored, Lys77-plasmin catalysis conforms to simple Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and steady-state and pre-steady-state data may be consistently fitted to the minimum three-step mechanism: E + S in equilibrium (k+1/k-1)E X S----(k+2)E X P + P1----(k+3)E + P2 In spite of the higher specificity of lysyl derivatives for Lys77-plasmin rather than the arginyl ones, kinetic parameters also depend on the nature of the N-alpha substituent and/or of the alcoholic or p-nitroanilidic moiety of the substrate.	Esters	51-57	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	142-149
2933077-2	1985	Values of kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of esters and p-nitroanilides of L-lysine and L-arginine catalyzed by the Lys77 form of human plasmin (EC 3.4.21.7) have been determined between pH 5.5 and 8 (I = 0.1 M) at 21 +/- 0.5 degrees C. Over the whole pH range explored, Lys77-plasmin catalysis conforms to simple Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and steady-state and pre-steady-state data may be consistently fitted to the minimum three-step mechanism: E + S in equilibrium (k+1/k-1)E X S----(k+2)E X P + P1----(k+3)E + P2 In spite of the higher specificity of lysyl derivatives for Lys77-plasmin rather than the arginyl ones, kinetic parameters also depend on the nature of the N-alpha substituent and/or of the alcoholic or p-nitroanilidic moiety of the substrate.	Esters	51-57	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	283-290
2933077-2	1985	Values of kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of esters and p-nitroanilides of L-lysine and L-arginine catalyzed by the Lys77 form of human plasmin (EC 3.4.21.7) have been determined between pH 5.5 and 8 (I = 0.1 M) at 21 +/- 0.5 degrees C. Over the whole pH range explored, Lys77-plasmin catalysis conforms to simple Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and steady-state and pre-steady-state data may be consistently fitted to the minimum three-step mechanism: E + S in equilibrium (k+1/k-1)E X S----(k+2)E X P + P1----(k+3)E + P2 In spite of the higher specificity of lysyl derivatives for Lys77-plasmin rather than the arginyl ones, kinetic parameters also depend on the nature of the N-alpha substituent and/or of the alcoholic or p-nitroanilidic moiety of the substrate.	Esters	51-57	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	283-290
4075817-6	1985	It is suggested that the dominance of BuChE in ocular tissues is another factor which merits consideration in the design and evaluation of ocular ester prodrugs.	Esters	146-151	cholinesterase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	38-43
4030776-4	1985	1) When the ether bond of alkyllyso-GPC is substituted with an ester linkage, the resulting compound, palmitoyllyso-GPC, can serve as a substrate, albeit at a reduced rate (50%).	Esters	63-68	glycophorin C	Rattus norvegicus	36-39
4090387-4	1985	Alterations in the activity of acid cholesterol esterase and in the intalysosmal accumulation of cholesterol and of its esters may occur due to modifications of the substrate physical structure.	Esters	120-126	carboxyl ester lipase	Rattus norvegicus	36-56
4090391-1	1985	Esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids (methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate) binding with cytochrome P-450 in rat liver microsomes, formed the spectral complexes of the first order with maximal extinction at 381-388 nm and minimal--at 416-425 nm.	Esters	0-6	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-144
4030776-4	1985	1) When the ether bond of alkyllyso-GPC is substituted with an ester linkage, the resulting compound, palmitoyllyso-GPC, can serve as a substrate, albeit at a reduced rate (50%).	Esters	63-68	glycophorin C	Rattus norvegicus	116-119
2931080-3	1985	Pure naloxone and these two esters were examined for their capacity to inhibit ethanol oxidation by purified isozymes of human liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH).	Esters	28-34	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	133-154
2931080-3	1985	Pure naloxone and these two esters were examined for their capacity to inhibit ethanol oxidation by purified isozymes of human liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH).	Esters	28-34	aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	156-159
4027237-1	1985	Solvent deuterium isotope effects on the rates of lipoprotein lipase (LpL) catalyzed hydrolysis of the water-soluble esters p-nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA) and p-nitrophenyl butyrate (PNPB) have been measured and fall in the range 1.5-2.2.	Esters	117-123	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	50-68
4027237-1	1985	Solvent deuterium isotope effects on the rates of lipoprotein lipase (LpL) catalyzed hydrolysis of the water-soluble esters p-nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA) and p-nitrophenyl butyrate (PNPB) have been measured and fall in the range 1.5-2.2.	Esters	117-123	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	70-73
4027237-10	1985	Acta 711, 386-390], inhibits LpL-catalyzed hydrolysis of PNPB, with Ki = 6.9 microM at pH 7.36, 25 degrees C. This result and the solvent isotope effects for LpL-catalyzed hydrolysis of water-soluble esters are interpreted in terms of a proton transfer mechanism that is similar in many respects to that of the serine proteases.	Esters	200-206	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	29-32
2986464-5	1985	These effects appear related to the action of TPA as a tumor promoter insofar as PDBU (an active ester) also inhibited the natriferic response to vasopressin, whereas phorbol (inactive as a tumor promoter) had no significant effect.	Esters	97-102	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	146-157
4027237-10	1985	Acta 711, 386-390], inhibits LpL-catalyzed hydrolysis of PNPB, with Ki = 6.9 microM at pH 7.36, 25 degrees C. This result and the solvent isotope effects for LpL-catalyzed hydrolysis of water-soluble esters are interpreted in terms of a proton transfer mechanism that is similar in many respects to that of the serine proteases.	Esters	200-206	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	158-161
3980084-2	1985	These compounds had two amide-bound and two ester-bound (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl groups at the C-2 and C-2" and the C-3 and C-3" positions, respectively, of beta (1-3)glucosamine disaccharide.	Esters	44-49	complement component 2 (within H-2S)	Mus musculus	97-100
3921027-4	1985	Furthermore, the suppressed activities of DNA polymerase alpha, DNA polymerase beta, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase were largely restored (3 to 4-fold stimulation was observed) by a mild alkaline treatment, a procedure known to hydrolyze alkaline-labile ester linkage between poly(ADP-ribose) and an acceptor protein.	Esters	265-270	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	42-62
3921027-4	1985	Furthermore, the suppressed activities of DNA polymerase alpha, DNA polymerase beta, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase were largely restored (3 to 4-fold stimulation was observed) by a mild alkaline treatment, a procedure known to hydrolyze alkaline-labile ester linkage between poly(ADP-ribose) and an acceptor protein.	Esters	265-270	DNA polymerase beta	Homo sapiens	64-83
3921027-4	1985	Furthermore, the suppressed activities of DNA polymerase alpha, DNA polymerase beta, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase were largely restored (3 to 4-fold stimulation was observed) by a mild alkaline treatment, a procedure known to hydrolyze alkaline-labile ester linkage between poly(ADP-ribose) and an acceptor protein.	Esters	265-270	DNA nucleotidylexotransferase	Homo sapiens	89-126
3980084-2	1985	These compounds had two amide-bound and two ester-bound (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl groups at the C-2 and C-2" and the C-3 and C-3" positions, respectively, of beta (1-3)glucosamine disaccharide.	Esters	44-49	complement component 2 (within H-2S)	Mus musculus	105-108
3980084-2	1985	These compounds had two amide-bound and two ester-bound (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl groups at the C-2 and C-2" and the C-3 and C-3" positions, respectively, of beta (1-3)glucosamine disaccharide.	Esters	44-49	hemoglobin, beta adult major chain	Mus musculus	159-168
3981424-5	1985	Sample preparation included isolation from 1 mL of plasma or serum and purification of the ester derivative with C18 cartridges, followed by a two-step trimethylsilylation.	Esters	91-96	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	113-116
3918998-8	1985	These results suggest that the rates of ester formation by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase are separate functions of the identity and the microscopic environment of the acyl donor.	Esters	40-45	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	59-95
3987824-2	1985	Fatty acid moieties of the esters were methylated with BF3-methanol and analyzed quantitatively by gas chromatography.	Esters	27-33	forkhead box C2	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
6151379-0	1984	[Adrenergic beta 1 and beta 2 blocking activity of new aminopropanols derived from oximes and esters].	Esters	94-100	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 2	Homo sapiens	0-29
3983902-1	1985	The relative ability of bovine alpha- and beta-thrombin to hydrolyze selected anilide and ester substrates in presence and absence of monovalent cations has been evaluated.	Esters	90-95	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	47-55
6093699-6	1984	The reactions of ubiquitin with p-nitrophenyl acetate at pH 7.0 were biphasic and consisted of (a) an initial phase, during which the release of p-nitrophenol resulted from monoacetylation of the ubiquitin and from ubiquitin-catalyzed hydrolysis of the ester; and (b) a second phase, during which the release of p-nitrophenol resulted only from the breakdown and reformation of the acetyl-enzyme complex.	Esters	253-258	ubiquitin	Bos taurus	17-26
6468393-3	1984	The analogue, (beta-1,6)-linked glucosamine disaccharide carrying ester-bound 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acids at 3 and 3" position of reducing and nonreducing glucosamine in addition to amide-bound 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acids and glycosidic-linked and ester-linked phosphate groups, showed much stronger activities for mediator inducing and immunomodulating as well as endotoxic activities than those exhibited by the previously synthesized analogues based on the old model.	Esters	66-71	hemoglobin, beta adult major chain	Mus musculus	15-23
6468393-3	1984	The analogue, (beta-1,6)-linked glucosamine disaccharide carrying ester-bound 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acids at 3 and 3" position of reducing and nonreducing glucosamine in addition to amide-bound 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acids and glycosidic-linked and ester-linked phosphate groups, showed much stronger activities for mediator inducing and immunomodulating as well as endotoxic activities than those exhibited by the previously synthesized analogues based on the old model.	Esters	250-255	hemoglobin, beta adult major chain	Mus musculus	15-23
6431976-1	1984	Lipoprotein lipase, which catalyzes hydrolysis of emulsified triglycerides or water-insoluble esters, was modified with 2,4-bis(o-methoxy-polyethylene glycol)-6-chloro-s-triazine(activated PEG2).	Esters	94-100	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	0-18
6591178-3	1984	Subzero radiationless energy transfer kinetic studies of the zinc and cobalt enzymes disclose two intermediates in the hydrolysis of both peptides and esters and furnish all the rate and equilibrium constants for the reaction scheme E + S in equilibrium ES1 in equilibrium ES2----E + P. The chemical and kinetic data indicate that neither of these is an acylenzyme intermediate.	Esters	151-157	glutamine amidotransferase class 1 domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	254-257
6591178-3	1984	Subzero radiationless energy transfer kinetic studies of the zinc and cobalt enzymes disclose two intermediates in the hydrolysis of both peptides and esters and furnish all the rate and equilibrium constants for the reaction scheme E + S in equilibrium ES1 in equilibrium ES2----E + P. The chemical and kinetic data indicate that neither of these is an acylenzyme intermediate.	Esters	151-157	ess-2 splicing factor homolog	Homo sapiens	273-276
6591178-4	1984	Both absorption and EPR spectra of the ES2 reaction intermediates consistently demonstrate the formation of transient metal complexes, differences between the effects induced by peptides and esters, and strong similarities between those induced by all peptides on the one hand and all esters on the other.	Esters	191-197	ess-2 splicing factor homolog	Homo sapiens	39-42
6591178-4	1984	Both absorption and EPR spectra of the ES2 reaction intermediates consistently demonstrate the formation of transient metal complexes, differences between the effects induced by peptides and esters, and strong similarities between those induced by all peptides on the one hand and all esters on the other.	Esters	285-291	ess-2 splicing factor homolog	Homo sapiens	39-42
6469902-3	1984	The esters are separated on a C18-bonded silica column by using an acetonitrile-water solvent gradient and quantitated using the ester of heptadecanoic acid as internal standard.	Esters	4-10	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	30-33
6469902-3	1984	The esters are separated on a C18-bonded silica column by using an acetonitrile-water solvent gradient and quantitated using the ester of heptadecanoic acid as internal standard.	Esters	4-9	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	30-33
6725279-2	1984	beta-Thrombin, a product of the limited proteolysis of alpha-thrombin, is characterized by greatly reduced fibrinogen-clotting activity as compared to alpha-thrombin but with unchanged activity toward ester substrates.	Esters	201-206	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	5-13
6378184-0	1984	A mass-spectrometric investigation of the mechanism of the semisynthetic transformation of pig insulin into an ester of insulin of human sequence.	Esters	111-116	insulin	Sus scrofa	95-102
6469463-1	1984	N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosocarbamoyl derivatives of alpha-melanotropin and gastrin fragments were synthesized by the acylation of the peptides with active esters of N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosocarbamic acid.	Esters	155-161	gastrin	Homo sapiens	75-82
6378184-0	1984	A mass-spectrometric investigation of the mechanism of the semisynthetic transformation of pig insulin into an ester of insulin of human sequence.	Esters	111-116	insulin	Sus scrofa	120-127
6378184-1	1984	In the trypsin-mediated semisynthetic transformation of pig insulin into an ester of insulin of human sequence, the B30 alanine residue of the pig hormone is replaced by an ester of threonine.	Esters	76-81	insulin	Sus scrofa	60-67
6378184-1	1984	In the trypsin-mediated semisynthetic transformation of pig insulin into an ester of insulin of human sequence, the B30 alanine residue of the pig hormone is replaced by an ester of threonine.	Esters	76-81	insulin	Sus scrofa	85-92
6378184-1	1984	In the trypsin-mediated semisynthetic transformation of pig insulin into an ester of insulin of human sequence, the B30 alanine residue of the pig hormone is replaced by an ester of threonine.	Esters	173-178	insulin	Sus scrofa	60-67
6378184-1	1984	In the trypsin-mediated semisynthetic transformation of pig insulin into an ester of insulin of human sequence, the B30 alanine residue of the pig hormone is replaced by an ester of threonine.	Esters	173-178	insulin	Sus scrofa	85-92
6378184-3	1984	Subsequent analysis by combined g.l.c.-mass spectrometry demonstrated that the oxygen isotope, is incorporated into the B29 carbonyl group of the insulin ester product.	Esters	154-159	insulin	Sus scrofa	146-153
6585550-7	1984	Increasing the alkyl chain length in the ester moiety therefore decreases DHFR affinity but increases cytotoxicity.	Esters	41-46	dihydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	74-78
6611263-3	1984	Phenobarbital, but not beta-naphthoflavone induced additional cytochrome P-450, which with specific esters could be complexed to about 60%.	Esters	100-106	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	62-78
6728567-3	1984	The data presented show that partially purified preparations of rat lingual lipase and the lipase in gastric aspirates of newborn infants have identical substrate specificity: medium-chain triglycerides were hydrolyzed at rates 5-8-fold higher than long-chain triglycerides; the rat and human enzymes do not hydrolyze the ester bond of lecithin or cholesteryl-ester.	Esters	322-327	lipase F, gastric type	Rattus norvegicus	68-82
6728567-3	1984	The data presented show that partially purified preparations of rat lingual lipase and the lipase in gastric aspirates of newborn infants have identical substrate specificity: medium-chain triglycerides were hydrolyzed at rates 5-8-fold higher than long-chain triglycerides; the rat and human enzymes do not hydrolyze the ester bond of lecithin or cholesteryl-ester.	Esters	322-327	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	76-82
6715336-7	1984	These results demonstrate the formation of an ester bond between [3H]palmitic acid and rhodopsin.	Esters	46-51	rhodopsin	Bos taurus	87-96
6144492-8	1984	Consequently, sample handling and storage conditions of ester glucuronides prior to analysis are of prime importance, since hydrolysis with beta-glucuronidase is frequently used for identification and quantification of glucuronides.	Esters	56-61	glucuronidase beta	Homo sapiens	140-158
6704372-3	1984	In the small intestine ARAT activity was 0.37 nmol ester/mg microsomal protein per min.	Esters	51-56	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-27
6704372-6	1984	In the liver, ARAT activity of the controls was 0.58 nmol ester/mg microsomal protein per min.	Esters	58-63	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-18
6231312-2	1984	Using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, the alpha-chain of C3b was found to bind via predominantly ester bonds to free hydroxyl groups on glycophorin-alpha, the major erythrocyte sialoglycoprotein.	Esters	144-149	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	104-107
6144492-0	1984	pH-dependent rearrangement of the biosynthetic ester glucuronide of valproic acid to beta-glucuronidase-resistant forms.	Esters	47-52	glucuronidase beta	Homo sapiens	85-103
6516908-3	1984	At optimal incubation conditions the rate of retinyl ester formation due to ARAT (0.37 +/- 0.31 nmole ester formed X mg microsomal protein-1 X minute-1, mean +/- SD, n = 6) suggests that the enzyme is of physiological importance.	Esters	53-58	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	76-80
6693771-12	1984	The modification of the -SH group of C3i-/C3b-[3H]glycerol alters the rate of hydrolysis of the ester bond between C3i/C3b and [3H]glycerol.	Esters	96-101	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	42-45
6693771-12	1984	The modification of the -SH group of C3i-/C3b-[3H]glycerol alters the rate of hydrolysis of the ester bond between C3i/C3b and [3H]glycerol.	Esters	96-101	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	119-122
6693771-14	1984	Thus, it appears that some chemical group(s) of C3i/C3b is (are) involved in the intramolecular hydrolysis of the ester bond between C3i/C3b and small molecules.	Esters	114-119	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	52-55
6693771-14	1984	Thus, it appears that some chemical group(s) of C3i/C3b is (are) involved in the intramolecular hydrolysis of the ester bond between C3i/C3b and small molecules.	Esters	114-119	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	137-140
6699882-3	1984	Ester cleavage and decarboxylation at C-10 were accomplished by heating with sodium cyanide in Me2SO at 170-180 degrees C to afford the 2,4-diamino-10-alkyl-8,10-dideazapteroic acids.	Esters	0-5	gene rich cluster, C10 gene	Mus musculus	38-42
6318827-1	1984	A spin-labeled fatty acid (16-doxylstearic acid), linked by an ester bond to a maleimide or a nitrene residue, was covalently attached to band 3 of erythrocyte membranes.	Esters	63-68	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	2-6
6526000-0	1984	Modified lipoprotein lipase catalyzes ester synthesis in benzene.	Esters	38-43	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	9-27
6541489-2	1984	We show in the present report that the anticonvulsant effect of vinyl GABA, a GABA-T (4-aminobutyrate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase) inhibitor with antiepileptic efficacy, can be amplified by esters of glycine.	Esters	195-201	4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase	Homo sapiens	78-84
6526000-2	1984	Modified lipoprotein lipase catalyzed the synthesis of trilaurin from mono- or diacylglycerol and fatty acid and also the synthesis of ester from fatty acid and alcohol in benzene.	Esters	135-140	lipoprotein lipase	Homo sapiens	9-27
20488092-2	1984	At short times (120 min), the radioactivity present in PLP was shown to be due to palmitic acid bound to the protein by ester linkages.	Esters	120-125	proteolipid protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-58
6860702-3	1983	Splitting of the ester bond was catalyzed by a cell-bound acylhydrolase which exhibited the characteristic properties of lipoprotein lipase.	Esters	17-22	lipoprotein lipase	Rattus norvegicus	121-139
6600151-2	1983	These analogues are nonphosphorylated, C-1 or C-4" monophosphorylated and C-1,4" bisphosphorylated derivatives of beta-1,6-linked D-glucosamine disaccharide possessing both ester-bound and amide-bound fatty acid substituents.	Esters	173-178	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	74-77
6600151-8	1983	C-4" monophosphorylated compounds possessing C14-OH as ester-bound and C14-OH or C14-O-(C14) as amide-bound fatty acid substituents exhibited interferon-inducing activity, but nonphosphorylated compounds possessing the same fatty acid substituents did not.	Esters	55-60	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	0-3
6664495-8	1983	The ability of acetylcholinesterase to hydrolyse naturally occurring compounds of different chemical nature, like esters and peptides, may help explain the long-standing puzzle of why the enzyme is more widely distributed than acetylcholine, once thought to be its sole natural substrate.	Esters	114-120	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	15-35
6361010-3	1983	The enzyme was most active at pH 7.5 and 7.2 with Z-Gly-Pro-2-NNap and TRH, respectively, and hydrolyzed peptide bonds involving Pro-X (X=amino acid, peptide, ester and amide) bonds of synthetic substrates, oxytocin, vasopressin, neurotensin, substance P, tuftsin, bradykinin, and insulin B chain.	Esters	159-164	neurotensin	Bos taurus	230-241
6361010-3	1983	The enzyme was most active at pH 7.5 and 7.2 with Z-Gly-Pro-2-NNap and TRH, respectively, and hydrolyzed peptide bonds involving Pro-X (X=amino acid, peptide, ester and amide) bonds of synthetic substrates, oxytocin, vasopressin, neurotensin, substance P, tuftsin, bradykinin, and insulin B chain.	Esters	159-164	tachykinin precursor 1	Bos taurus	243-254
6361010-3	1983	The enzyme was most active at pH 7.5 and 7.2 with Z-Gly-Pro-2-NNap and TRH, respectively, and hydrolyzed peptide bonds involving Pro-X (X=amino acid, peptide, ester and amide) bonds of synthetic substrates, oxytocin, vasopressin, neurotensin, substance P, tuftsin, bradykinin, and insulin B chain.	Esters	159-164	kininogen 1	Bos taurus	265-290
6326394-0	1984	The influence of oxygen donor ligation on the spectroscopic properties of ferric cytochrome P-450: ester, ether and ketone co-ordination to the haem iron.	Esters	99-104	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	81-97
6326394-1	1984	Homogeneous low-spin complexes of cytochrome P-450-CAM with esters, ethers and ketones have been prepared and characterized by u.v.-visible absorption, circular dichroism (CD), magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.	Esters	60-66	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	34-50
6644563-1	1983	Synthetic esters of the C-4 hydroxyl group of podophyllotoxin (I) were prepared.	Esters	10-16	complement C4A (Rodgers blood group)	Homo sapiens	24-27
6887210-4	1983	The hydrolytic rates of 1, 11, 14, 15a, and 15b were compared, and it was found that the two carbamate moieties were much more susceptible toward hydrolysis than the C-2 esters.	Esters	170-176	complement component 2 (within H-2S)	Mus musculus	166-169
6615474-7	1983	The ability of other CoA esters to compete with [14C]malonyl-CoA for binding to the membrane paralleled their capacity to inhibit CPT I.	Esters	25-31	carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B	Rattus norvegicus	130-135
6552841-6	1983	The hydrolysis of 10 peptide esters Ac-X-ArgOMe with different amino acids in P2 by porcine pancreatic kallikrein also showed distinct individual influences, the most favorably residues being phenylalanine and leucine as they occur in bovine kininogen.	Esters	29-35	kininogen 2-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	242-251
6882831-2	1983	The action of thrombin on the esters, Tos-P2-Arg-OCH3 and Tos-P3-P2-Arg-OCH3, where P2 and P3 are the residues of L-, D- or N-methylamino acids, has been studied.	Esters	30-36	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	14-22
6822527-1	1983	Cathepsin B from bovine spleen was shown to catalyze transacylation reactions between esters of N-substituted amino acids and nucleophiles.	Esters	86-92	cathepsin B	Bos taurus	0-11
6343036-4	1983	Human insulin (Novo) has been prepared from crude porcine insulin by intertwining the chromatographic purification processes for making monocomponent porcine and bovine insulin with two chemical reactions; a trypsin-catalyzed transpeptidation reaction and a nonenzymatic cleavage of an ester bond.	Esters	286-291	insulin	Homo sapiens	6-13
6333242-1	1983	New analogues of cAMP, namely 2"-phosphate of cAMP and its esters, were obtained by direct phosphorylation of N6-benzoyladenosine 3",5"-cyclic phosphate with 2-cyanoethyl phosphate in the presence of DCC followed by the removal of protecting groups.	Esters	59-65	DCC netrin 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	200-203
6980671-7	1982	These findings suggest an ester or amide bond between the activated carboxyl group of the thioester bridge in the alpha" or alpha chain of nascent C4b or C4b-like C4 and a hydroxyl or amino group of C4bp.	Esters	26-31	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	147-150
7159570-2	1982	Bovine milk lipoprotein lipase (LpL) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the water-soluble esters p-nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA) and p-nitrophenyl butyrate (PNPB).	Esters	83-89	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	12-30
7159570-2	1982	Bovine milk lipoprotein lipase (LpL) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the water-soluble esters p-nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA) and p-nitrophenyl butyrate (PNPB).	Esters	83-89	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	32-35
7144745-2	1982	In 0.5 M KCl at pH 7.5 myosin is transferred at increasing amounts to the polyethylene glycol-rich upper phase when an increasing proportion of that polymer in the system is replaced by its ester with lauric, myristic or palmitic acid.	Esters	190-195	myosin heavy chain 14	Homo sapiens	23-29
6177830-9	1982	Substance P inhibited the hydrolysis of benzoylcholine (a good ester substrate) with a KI of 0.17 mM, indicating that substance P interacted with cholinesterase rather than with a trace contaminant.	Esters	63-68	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	0-11
6177830-9	1982	Substance P inhibited the hydrolysis of benzoylcholine (a good ester substrate) with a KI of 0.17 mM, indicating that substance P interacted with cholinesterase rather than with a trace contaminant.	Esters	63-68	tachykinin precursor 1	Homo sapiens	118-129
6177830-9	1982	Substance P inhibited the hydrolysis of benzoylcholine (a good ester substrate) with a KI of 0.17 mM, indicating that substance P interacted with cholinesterase rather than with a trace contaminant.	Esters	63-68	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	146-160
20488003-3	1983	The radioactivity measured in PLP at short incubation times was shown to be due to palmitic acid bound to the protein by ester linkages.	Esters	121-126	proteolipid protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-33
6603054-5	1983	The ester formed by the RPE is primarily palmitate, and is therefore identical with the endogenous retinyl ester.	Esters	4-9	ribulose-5-phosphate-3-epimerase	Homo sapiens	24-27
7159570-5	1982	ApoC-II inhibits hydrolysis of both esters, with a maximum extent of inhibition of 70-90%.	Esters	36-42	apolipoprotein C2	Bos taurus	0-7
7159570-8	1982	The effect of apoC-II on the temperature dependences of LpL-catalyzed hydrolysis of both esters and on NaCl inhibition of LpL-catalyzed PNPB hydrolysis is consistent with a change in rate-determining step with LpL and apoC-II interact.	Esters	89-95	apolipoprotein C2	Bos taurus	14-21
7159570-8	1982	The effect of apoC-II on the temperature dependences of LpL-catalyzed hydrolysis of both esters and on NaCl inhibition of LpL-catalyzed PNPB hydrolysis is consistent with a change in rate-determining step with LpL and apoC-II interact.	Esters	89-95	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	56-59
7159570-8	1982	The effect of apoC-II on the temperature dependences of LpL-catalyzed hydrolysis of both esters and on NaCl inhibition of LpL-catalyzed PNPB hydrolysis is consistent with a change in rate-determining step with LpL and apoC-II interact.	Esters	89-95	apolipoprotein C2	Bos taurus	218-225
7107590-6	1982	Treatment of myelin proteins or purified PLP with 1 M hydroxylamine released most of the radioactivity, indicating that [3H]palmitic acid was covalently bound by ester linkage to the proteins.	Esters	162-167	proteolipid protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-44
6980671-7	1982	These findings suggest an ester or amide bond between the activated carboxyl group of the thioester bridge in the alpha" or alpha chain of nascent C4b or C4b-like C4 and a hydroxyl or amino group of C4bp.	Esters	26-31	complement C4B (Chido blood group)	Homo sapiens	154-157
6980671-7	1982	These findings suggest an ester or amide bond between the activated carboxyl group of the thioester bridge in the alpha" or alpha chain of nascent C4b or C4b-like C4 and a hydroxyl or amino group of C4bp.	Esters	26-31	complement component 4 binding protein alpha	Homo sapiens	199-203
7082376-7	1982	The phenomenon of intramolecular rearrangement of ester glucuronides must be considered whenever beta-glucuronidase is used in the analysis of conjugates of carboxylic acids.	Esters	50-55	glucuronidase beta	Homo sapiens	97-115
7097729-1	1982	The affinity, relative to cortisol (1), of 17 alpha- and 21-esters and 17 alpha,21-diesters of cortisol for the glucocorticoid receptor of rat thymus cytosol was determined by a competitive binding assay which used [3H]dexamethasone.	Esters	60-66	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-135
7068653-3	1982	Most of the radioactivity associated with PLP was removed when the gels were treated with hydroxylamine and then fluorographed, indicating that fatty acids were bound to PLP by ester linkage.	Esters	177-182	proteolipid protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-173
7068980-1	1982	The tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) causes a dose-dependent induction (up to 300-fold) of ornithine decarboxylase activity in the epidermis of intact mice within 5 hours after the application to the skin of from 1 to 10 nmoles of the ester in 0.2 ml of acetone.	Esters	28-33	ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1	Mus musculus	132-155
6214801-2	1982	The inhibitory effect of esters of N-alpha-arylsulfonyl-4-amidinophenylalanine against trypsin, plasmin and thrombin].	Esters	25-31	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	96-103
6214801-2	1982	The inhibitory effect of esters of N-alpha-arylsulfonyl-4-amidinophenylalanine against trypsin, plasmin and thrombin].	Esters	25-31	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	108-116
6177926-2	1982	We have studied the effect of changing the amino acid and ester portions of this compound on its binding to AFP, as measured by the ability of the ester to inhibit binding of [3H]-estrone to AFP.	Esters	58-63	alpha-fetoprotein	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
6177926-2	1982	We have studied the effect of changing the amino acid and ester portions of this compound on its binding to AFP, as measured by the ability of the ester to inhibit binding of [3H]-estrone to AFP.	Esters	147-152	alpha-fetoprotein	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
6177926-2	1982	We have studied the effect of changing the amino acid and ester portions of this compound on its binding to AFP, as measured by the ability of the ester to inhibit binding of [3H]-estrone to AFP.	Esters	147-152	alpha-fetoprotein	Rattus norvegicus	191-194
7132955-8	1982	Trapping experiments with the amino acid cysteine suggest that the adduct, the spontaneous degradation of which appears to be involved in the reactivation of cytochrome P-450, contains an ester rather than a thioester linkage between cytochrome P-450 and a metabolite of chloramphenicol.	Esters	188-193	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	158-174
6282262-9	1982	An ester link between a serine residue at the active site of C1r or C1s and C1 Inh is postulated.	Esters	3-8	complement C1r	Homo sapiens	61-64
6282262-9	1982	An ester link between a serine residue at the active site of C1r or C1s and C1 Inh is postulated.	Esters	3-8	complement C1s	Homo sapiens	68-71
6282262-9	1982	An ester link between a serine residue at the active site of C1r or C1s and C1 Inh is postulated.	Esters	3-8	serpin family G member 1	Homo sapiens	76-82
7042509-3	1982	The synthesis of asymmetrical dimers was achieved by use of Msc-protected insulin active ester intermediates.	Esters	89-94	insulin	Homo sapiens	74-81
7151775-3	1982	Cholesterol ester hydrolase (cholesterol esterase, EC 3.1.1.13) does not only act on cholesterol esters, but also on esters of fluorescein.	Esters	97-103	lipase A, lysosomal acid type	Homo sapiens	0-27
7151775-3	1982	Cholesterol ester hydrolase (cholesterol esterase, EC 3.1.1.13) does not only act on cholesterol esters, but also on esters of fluorescein.	Esters	97-103	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	29-49
20487840-1	1981	Esters of dimethylcarbamic acid are known to be poor substrates of acetylcholinesterase.	Esters	0-6	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	67-87
6803760-12	1981	Kinetic data argue against deacylation as the rate-limiting step in ester hydrolysis by acrosin.	Esters	68-73	acrosin	Homo sapiens	88-95
7260096-0	1981	[Accelerating effect of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salts on neutral ester hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (author"s transl)].	Esters	74-79	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	94-114
7260096-0	1981	[Accelerating effect of heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salts on neutral ester hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase (author"s transl)].	Esters	74-79	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	119-140
7316962-4	1981	Incubation of the C3b-antibody-antigen aggregates in buffers known to destroy ester linkages had little effect on the C3b-IgG complexes, which suggested that C3b and IgG might be linked by an amide bond.	Esters	78-83	complement C3	Homo sapiens	18-21
7326238-12	1981	An acyl transfer reaction takes place, leading to the binding of C3b to the receptive surfaces via an ester linkage [Law, S. K., Lichtenberg, N. A., &amp; Levine, R. P. (1979) J. Immunol.	Esters	102-107	complement C3	Homo sapiens	65-68
7326238-17	1981	In certain cases, the small molecules bind to C3b via ester linkages (e.g., glucose); in others, the bond is an amide linkage (e.g., lysine).	Esters	54-59	complement C3	Homo sapiens	46-49
7217715-4	1981	All esters with inhibitory effects were active at concentrations of less than or equal to 100 muM.	Esters	4-10	latexin	Homo sapiens	94-97
6251137-2	1980	On the basis of indirect evidence that an amide of the oligopeptide benzoyl-phenylalanyl-valyl-arginine might have high and selective affinity for LIF, we prepared an ester of this oligopeptide, benzoyl-phenylalanyl-valyl-arginine (3H) methyl ester (3H-BPVAME) for the direct measurement of LIF activity in a double-phase radio-enzyme assay.	Esters	167-172	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	147-150
7462203-2	1980	The ester of the racemic p-guanidinophenylglycine derivative was completely hydrolyzed by trypsin, pronase, alpha-chymotrypsin, and thrombin, though hydrolysis by the latter two enzymes was much slower.	Esters	4-9	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	132-140
6251137-2	1980	On the basis of indirect evidence that an amide of the oligopeptide benzoyl-phenylalanyl-valyl-arginine might have high and selective affinity for LIF, we prepared an ester of this oligopeptide, benzoyl-phenylalanyl-valyl-arginine (3H) methyl ester (3H-BPVAME) for the direct measurement of LIF activity in a double-phase radio-enzyme assay.	Esters	167-172	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	291-294
6903192-14	1980	These findings are consistent with the concept that native C3 contains an active carbonyl group, probably in the form of a thioester, which can either react with water to form functionally C3b-l;ike C3 or, upon enzymatic conversion of C3 to C3b, allows C3b to form an ester bond with hydroxyl groups on the target surface.	Esters	127-132	complement C3	Homo sapiens	59-61
7407066-1	1980	When isolated lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase was incubated with cholesterol-lecithin liposomes in the presence of apolipoprotein A-1, cholesteryl ester accumulated until a maximal ester/lecithin weight ratio of 0.03 was reached.	Esters	27-32	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	120-138
6903192-14	1980	These findings are consistent with the concept that native C3 contains an active carbonyl group, probably in the form of a thioester, which can either react with water to form functionally C3b-l;ike C3 or, upon enzymatic conversion of C3 to C3b, allows C3b to form an ester bond with hydroxyl groups on the target surface.	Esters	127-132	complement C3	Homo sapiens	189-192
6903192-14	1980	These findings are consistent with the concept that native C3 contains an active carbonyl group, probably in the form of a thioester, which can either react with water to form functionally C3b-l;ike C3 or, upon enzymatic conversion of C3 to C3b, allows C3b to form an ester bond with hydroxyl groups on the target surface.	Esters	127-132	complement C3	Homo sapiens	189-191
6903192-14	1980	These findings are consistent with the concept that native C3 contains an active carbonyl group, probably in the form of a thioester, which can either react with water to form functionally C3b-l;ike C3 or, upon enzymatic conversion of C3 to C3b, allows C3b to form an ester bond with hydroxyl groups on the target surface.	Esters	127-132	complement C3	Homo sapiens	189-191
6903192-14	1980	These findings are consistent with the concept that native C3 contains an active carbonyl group, probably in the form of a thioester, which can either react with water to form functionally C3b-l;ike C3 or, upon enzymatic conversion of C3 to C3b, allows C3b to form an ester bond with hydroxyl groups on the target surface.	Esters	127-132	complement C3	Homo sapiens	241-244
6903192-14	1980	These findings are consistent with the concept that native C3 contains an active carbonyl group, probably in the form of a thioester, which can either react with water to form functionally C3b-l;ike C3 or, upon enzymatic conversion of C3 to C3b, allows C3b to form an ester bond with hydroxyl groups on the target surface.	Esters	127-132	complement C3	Homo sapiens	241-244
7417472-5	1980	High concentrations of 5 alpha-[16-3H]lanost-8-ene-3 beta,15 beta-diol stimulated ester formation.	Esters	82-87	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily c, polypeptide 12	Rattus norvegicus	58-65
7358717-2	1980	High density lipoprotein rich in the E apoprotein (apoE) showed about 10 times more uptake of the ester on a single pass than the bulk of the high density lipoproteins rich in the A-I protein.	Esters	98-103	apolipoprotein E	Rattus norvegicus	39-49
7392038-1	1980	The synthesis of N-acetyl-[2-(O-methyl)tyrosine]arginine-vasopressin [Ac-Tyr(Me)AVP] was undertaken utilizing a combination of the stepwise active ester and fragment condensation methods.	Esters	147-152	arginine vasopressin	Homo sapiens	57-68
7358717-2	1980	High density lipoprotein rich in the E apoprotein (apoE) showed about 10 times more uptake of the ester on a single pass than the bulk of the high density lipoproteins rich in the A-I protein.	Esters	98-103	apolipoprotein E	Rattus norvegicus	51-55
17941181-11	1980	Our results combined with those obtained from our previous studies of the PAF structure using specific phospholipases indicate that PAF is a glycero-phospholipid devoid of ester function at position 1.	Esters	172-177	PCNA clamp associated factor	Homo sapiens	132-135
7354217-3	1980	Chemical analysis of the normal glycoproteins indicated that the great majority of the sialic acids were resistant to digestion with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase, presumably due to an ester substituent at C4.	Esters	185-190	neuraminidase 1	Homo sapiens	149-162
38283-0	1979	Evidence for an ester linkage between the labile binding site of C3b and receptive surfaces.	Esters	16-21	endogenous retrovirus group K member 3	Homo sapiens	65-68
230993-5	1979	Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase activity was correlated with the concentration of cholesterolester rather than with the ratio of esters to cholesterol.	Esters	135-141	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	0-37
533823-6	1979	The steroidal components of these esters were found to contain labeled 14 alpha-methyl-5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-7,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-8-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, and cholesterol.	Esters	34-40	integrin subunit beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	110-117
533823-6	1979	The steroidal components of these esters were found to contain labeled 14 alpha-methyl-5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-7,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-8-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, and cholesterol.	Esters	34-40	integrin subunit beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	148-155
533823-6	1979	The steroidal components of these esters were found to contain labeled 14 alpha-methyl-5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-7,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-8-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, and cholesterol.	Esters	34-40	integrin subunit beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	148-155
533823-6	1979	The steroidal components of these esters were found to contain labeled 14 alpha-methyl-5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-7,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-8-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, and cholesterol.	Esters	34-40	integrin subunit beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	148-155
533823-6	1979	The steroidal components of these esters were found to contain labeled 14 alpha-methyl-5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholesta-7,14-dien-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-8-en-3 beta-ol, 5 alpha-cholest-7-en-3 beta-ol, and cholesterol.	Esters	34-40	integrin subunit beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	148-155
38847-3	1979	The reactions of plasmin and trypsin with p-nitroanilides show kc values similar to those normally found with specific ester substrates, indicating that the deacylation steps of the reactions are rate determining.	Esters	119-124	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	17-24
385208-6	1979	Ester type agents are rapidly hydrolysed by plasma pseudocholinesterase and this has led to a preference for chloroprocaine in some obstetric procedures.	Esters	0-5	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	51-71
19467059-4	1979	of esters of para-aminobenzoic acid with a free amine function and of local anaesthetics, prohibited in cosmetic products, in accordance with the cosmetic directive 76/768/EEC.	Esters	3-9	Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate, 1	Homo sapiens	172-175
218926-8	1979	These findings, together with the chemical properties of the linkage, which were typical of those of an ester-like bond, strongly suggest that the ADP-Rib residue was linked to the gamma-COOH group of the glutamic acid in position 2 of H2B.	Esters	104-109	histone cluster 1, H2bg	Rattus norvegicus	236-239
475761-5	1979	The latter enzyme preferentially attacked disaccharides carrying their sulphate ester group at C-4 of the hexosamine residue.	Esters	80-85	complement 4	Gallus gallus	95-98
221605-12	1979	Since VHD and HDL(3), which contain the most active LCAT substrates, were also most clearly involved in transfers of esters to VLDL and low density lipoproteins, the suggestion that LCAT product lipoproteins are preferentially involved in nonenzymatic transfer and exchange is made.	Esters	117-123	HDL3	Homo sapiens	14-19
221605-12	1979	Since VHD and HDL(3), which contain the most active LCAT substrates, were also most clearly involved in transfers of esters to VLDL and low density lipoproteins, the suggestion that LCAT product lipoproteins are preferentially involved in nonenzymatic transfer and exchange is made.	Esters	117-123	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	182-186
656456-1	1978	Chain length and positional specificities of pancreatic lipase for diol lipids have been examined by use of the synthetic substrates such as the diol esters and related esters that contain C6--C20 even-numbered saturated acids and oleic acid as fatty acids, and ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propanediols, 1,3-, 1,4-, and 2,3-butanediols, monohydric alcohols, and glycerol as alcohols.	Esters	150-156	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	45-62
436824-3	1979	Esters of a C32 deoxy analogue were prepared as well.	Esters	0-6	chemokine like factor	Homo sapiens	12-15
523586-0	1979	Prolonged decrease of serum prolactin in rat by an ester prodrug of apomorphine.	Esters	51-56	prolactin	Rattus norvegicus	28-37
210789-0	1978	Enzymatically inactive, exchange-inert Co(III)-carboxypeptidase A: role of inner sphere coordination in peptide and ester catalysis.	Esters	116-121	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III	Homo sapiens	42-45
694820-0	1978	Substrate activation in the thrombin-catalyzed hydrolysis of synthetic esters of arginine.	Esters	71-77	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	28-36
531483-2	1979	Purified myoglobin was labelled by an 125I-labelled ester (N-succinimidyl 3-(-4 hydroxy, 5-[125I]iodophenyl) propionate), a commercially available antiserum was used, and the antigen-antibody complex was precipitated with polyethylene glycol 6000.	Esters	52-57	myoglobin	Homo sapiens	9-18
729581-8	1978	Substrates for the 4-enoyl-CoA reductase are acyl-CoA esters, which possess a 2,4-diene structure rather than those containing an isolated double bond in position 4.	Esters	54-60	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	19-40
102451-1	1978	The in vitro effects of different esters of phthalic acid at increasing levels on the activity of LCAT have been studied using three currently known methods (Mickel and Foulds, Stokke and Norum, Alcindor).	Esters	34-40	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	98-102
209828-1	1978	Investigation of the binding of spin-labeled palmitic acid and its esters with bovine serum albumin is presented.	Esters	67-73	albumin	Homo sapiens	86-99
647082-6	1978	The different dependence of the ester substrate and appropriate alcohol binding effectiveness upon the reagent structure indicates the dissimilar location of the molecules in the active center of acetylcholinesterase.	Esters	32-37	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	196-216
629742-5	1978	The ester inhibits thrombin clotting activity.	Esters	4-9	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	19-27
618874-7	1978	Km for the uncharged ester, o-nitrophenylbutyrate, was 0.14 mM for both enzymes, whereas Km for benzoylcholine was 0.005 mM for usual and 0.024 mM for atypical cholinesterase.	Esters	21-26	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	160-174
656499-7	1978	This finding is indicative of an essential role of the acylation step in thrombin-catalysed hydrolysis of the esters under study.	Esters	110-116	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	73-81
26627-3	1978	With 0.10 mM of the ester in 0.1 M Tris-HCl at pH 8.4 and 30 degrees C, the hydrolysis catalyzed by thrombin, plasmin, and trypsin is linearly proportional to time up to consumption of 60% of the substrate.	Esters	20-25	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	100-108
658782-1	1978	The factor Xa-sensitive substrate BZ-Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg-p-nitroanilide has been made more sensitive by making ester and amide derivatives of the gamma-carboxyl group of the glutamyl residue.	Esters	107-112	coagulation factor X	Homo sapiens	4-13
753596-4	1978	Although this finding suggests that acetylcholinesterase is not primarily concerned with the pocesses of phagocytosis, there exists the possibility that reticuloendothelial acetylcholinesterase may have a function in metabolism of phagocytosed lipids and esters.	Esters	255-261	ACE-1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	173-193
26627-3	1978	With 0.10 mM of the ester in 0.1 M Tris-HCl at pH 8.4 and 30 degrees C, the hydrolysis catalyzed by thrombin, plasmin, and trypsin is linearly proportional to time up to consumption of 60% of the substrate.	Esters	20-25	plasminogen	Bos taurus	110-117
641307-0	1978	Transient-phase and steady-state kinetics of lipase-catalyzed ester hydrolysis.	Esters	62-67	probable feruloyl esterase A	Triticum aestivum	45-51
921761-9	1977	Insulin was re-synthesized from the di-protected des-Phe(B1)-insulin by reaction with an active ester of t-butoxycarbonyl-l-phenylalanine.	Esters	96-101	insulin	Sus scrofa	0-7
23100-1	1977	Acid lipase was identified in the rat small intestine by using esters of 4-methylumbelliferone as substrates.	Esters	63-69	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	5-11
921761-9	1977	Insulin was re-synthesized from the di-protected des-Phe(B1)-insulin by reaction with an active ester of t-butoxycarbonyl-l-phenylalanine.	Esters	96-101	insulin	Sus scrofa	61-68
861975-2	1977	The key intermediates, methyl 6-O-benzyl-2,3-dideoxy-L(and D)-hex-2-enopyranosid-4-uloses (13), were obtained in seven steps from the ester 3, without change of configuration of the asymmetric center, which became C-5 in the sugar molecule.	Esters	134-139	complement C5	Homo sapiens	214-217
577034-6	1977	The usable 125I-labelled antigen for human proinsulin-C-peptide RIA could be prepared by chloramin T method and enzymic method wich labelled 125I to tyrosyl human proinsulin connecting peptide, and active ester method which conjugates 125I-labelled active ester to human proinsulin connecting peptide.	Esters	205-210	insulin	Homo sapiens	43-53
403956-6	1977	Thrombin modified with 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl bromide showed a 3-4 fold increase in Km and a decrease in V for the ester substrate.	Esters	116-121	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	0-8
577034-6	1977	The usable 125I-labelled antigen for human proinsulin-C-peptide RIA could be prepared by chloramin T method and enzymic method wich labelled 125I to tyrosyl human proinsulin connecting peptide, and active ester method which conjugates 125I-labelled active ester to human proinsulin connecting peptide.	Esters	256-261	insulin	Homo sapiens	43-53
825142-3	1976	The overall net negative charge on human J chain was decreased by forming methyl esters of the carboxyl groups, resulting in a sodium dodecyl sulfate determined molecular weight of approximately 17 700.	Esters	81-87	joining chain of multimeric IgA and IgM	Homo sapiens	41-48
920502-1	1977	Comparison of the melting temperatures of native lysozyme and a cross-linked ester derivative of lysozyme (Imoto and Rupley, 1973) yielded a value of 5.5 kcal/mole for the free energy of stabilization developed through forming the cross link and a value of zero for the corresponding enthalpy.	Esters	77-82	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	97-105
11264-3	1976	Most of the enzymatic activity was located in the microsomal fraction and showed a broad specificity for the acyl donors tested C10, C12, C14, C16, C18, and C18:1 CoA esters).	Esters	167-173	anti-Mullerian hormone receptor type 2	Rattus norvegicus	138-141
322260-4	1977	To clarify this further, a wide variety of simple ester were tested for the ability to protect LIF against inactivation by the serine esterase inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF).	Esters	50-55	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	95-98
322260-7	1977	Moreover, the protection afforded by BAEE and BNPP was the king that would be anticipated if the esters and irreversible inhibitor competed for the same site on LIF.	Esters	97-103	LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine	Homo sapiens	161-164
945746-2	1976	Lipoprotein lipase from dialyzed and lyophilized bovine skim milk hydrolyses specifically the ester in position 1 of triacylglycerols and of enantiomeric alkyldiacylglycerols.	Esters	94-99	lipoprotein lipase	Bos taurus	0-18
820546-13	1976	Since the inhibiting pyroGlu-His-methyl ester was rapidly split during incubation, and, therefore, presumably inhibited the tissue peptidase by competition, we have concluded that ester-derived peptidase-bound dipeptide had reacted with [3H]proline in reverse to form the radioactive deamido-TRH in a process unrelated to biosynthesis.	Esters	40-45	thyrotropin releasing hormone	Homo sapiens	292-295
945753-2	1976	A new solid-phase thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5) was prepared through conjugation of the enzyme under mild conditions to a glass support bearing an active ester of N-hydroxysuccinimide.	Esters	147-152	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	18-26
966244-3	1976	The active ester method or activation with DCC yielded the diazo ketone derivative VIII.	Esters	11-16	deleted in colorectal carcinoma	Mus musculus	43-46
779850-2	1976	Kinetic parameters have been determined for the reaction between milk-clotting chymosin (EC 3.4.23.4) and a series of peptides (or their methyl esters) including the amino acid sequence around the enzyme-sensitive Phe(105)-Met (106) bond the bovine k-casein.	Esters	144-150	chymosin	Bos taurus	79-87
989187-0	1976	The effects of hepes buffer on clotting tests, assay of factors V and VIII and on the hydrolysis of esters by thrombin and thrombokinase.	Esters	100-106	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	110-118
1259966-9	1976	Esters C10, C12, and C14 form smectic liquid crystalline phases.	Esters	0-6	chromosome 12 open reading frame 57	Homo sapiens	7-10
1259970-2	1976	Liver contains a lipase which catalyzes in vitro the hydrolysis of esters of short-chain normal primary alcohols and fatty acids.	Esters	67-73	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	17-23
60792-0	1976	Evidence for an ester bond between thrombin and heparin cofactor.	Esters	16-21	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	35-43
5182-2	1976	Perturbations at the surface of the lipid were probed using stearamide and cholestane spin labels; perturbations in the hydrophobic-portion were probed with spin-labeled amphiphilic fatty esters.	Esters	188-194	spindlin 1	Homo sapiens	157-161
2502-0	1976	The catalytic mechanism of human carbonic anhydrase C: inhibition of CO2 hydration and ester hydrolysis by HCO-3.	Esters	87-92	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	33-53
1259699-1	1976	An esterase, esterase-10, in the house mouse, Mus musculus, is specific for esters of 4-methylumbelliferone and exhibits a polymorphism detectable by electrophoresis.	Esters	76-82	esterase D/formylglutathione hydrolase	Mus musculus	13-24
1058931-1	1975	There have been reports of toxic reactions to ester-type local anesthetics in patients with genetic anomalies of plasma cholinesterase in so-called dibucaine-resistant homozygotes or heterozygotes.	Esters	46-51	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	120-134
1276269-3	1976	PK-157 ester turned to be highly specific selective substrate for BuChE, its V being 20 times as high and Km -- 20 times as low as those for acetylcholine (ACh).	Esters	7-12	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	66-71
131675-16	1976	This increase in free fatty acids "associated" with intercellular matrix macromolecules and especially with elastin may be the result of an increased hydrolysis of esters and/or a decreased esterification in advanced atherosclerotic aortas.	Esters	164-170	elastin	Homo sapiens	108-115
980524-12	1976	In contrast to pancreatic lipase it hydrolyses all three ester bonds in a triglyceride.	Esters	57-62	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	15-32
1103754-0	1975	Inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity by betamethasone and three of its esters with dermatological importance.	Esters	91-97	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	14-47
1180962-0	1975	Evidence for the formation of an ester between thrombin and heparin cofactor.	Esters	33-38	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	47-55
240837-4	1975	Transglutaminase was found to be inactivated neither by urethan anlogs of its active ester substrates nor by urea analogs of its amide substrates.	Esters	85-90	protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2	Cavia porcellus	0-16
1185563-5	1975	Concomitant oral administration of acetaminophen derivatives, pancreatic lipase, and calcium salts resulted in an increase in the blood levels of acetaminophen as compared to administration of the esters alone.	Esters	197-203	pancreatic lipase	Canis lupus familiaris	62-79
4454036-7	1974	The effects of cholate on thrombin-catalyzed hydrolysis of other arginine esters as well as esters of lysine, histidine and phenylalanine were also studied.	Esters	74-80	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	26-34
125879-2	1975	The inhibition of trypsin, plasmin and thrombin caused by aliphatic amidino compounds having ether structure as well as esters of the 3- and 4-amidinophenoxyfacetic acid].	Esters	120-126	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	39-47
1191255-3	1975	Titration in sodium barbiturate buffer of acrosin, a serine proteinase from sperm acrosomes, with the ester substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl p-guanidinobenzoate gave rise to an incomplete "burst" of 4-methylumbelliferone.	Esters	102-107	acrosin	Homo sapiens	42-49
240688-0	1975	On the interaction of esters and peptides with carboxypeptidase B.	Esters	22-28	carboxypeptidase B1	Homo sapiens	47-65
240688-1	1975	The specificity of porcine carboxypeptidase B towards basic and non-basic substrates was studied by employing several esters of phenyllactate.	Esters	118-124	carboxypeptidase B1	Homo sapiens	27-45
240688-3	1975	These non-basic ester-peptide pairs as well as the basic ester-peptide pair of arginyl derivatives, permits the direct comparison of the pH dependencies of the kinetic constants for the hydrolysis of those substrates by carboxypeptidase B.	Esters	16-21	carboxypeptidase B1	Homo sapiens	220-238
240688-3	1975	These non-basic ester-peptide pairs as well as the basic ester-peptide pair of arginyl derivatives, permits the direct comparison of the pH dependencies of the kinetic constants for the hydrolysis of those substrates by carboxypeptidase B.	Esters	57-62	carboxypeptidase B1	Homo sapiens	220-238
1168484-3	1975	The rate and extent of inhibition of thrombin by N-butyrylimidazole could be reduced by the presence of benzamidine, a competitive inhibitor, or by the ester substrate, p-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester.	Esters	152-157	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	37-45
1168484-6	1975	The time course of ester hydrolysis by butyrylated thrombin showed a distinct lag phase suggesting partial reactivation of the enzyme under assay conditions.	Esters	19-24	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	51-59
4151487-0	1974	Activity of guinea pig liver transglutaminase toward ester analogs of amide substrates.	Esters	53-58	protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2	Cavia porcellus	29-45
4477005-3	1974	The kinetics of hydrolysis of these and esters of the alpha-N-toluene-p-sulphonyl and alpha-N-benzoyl derivatives of l-arginine, l-lysine, S-(2-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine and esters of gamma-guanidino-l-alpha-toluene-p-sulphonamidobutyric acid and alpha-N-toluene-p-sulphonyl-l-homoarginine by alpha- and beta-trypsin were compared.	Esters	40-46	serine protease 1	Bos taurus	290-313
4639461-0	1972	A facile synthesis of esters of thiocholine iodide, substrates for cholinesterase.	Esters	22-28	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	67-81
4737291-1	1973	Several esters of 4-methylumbelliferone and 2-naphthol were synthesized and examined as possible spectrofluorimetric titrants for bovine alpha-chymotrypsin, trypsin, thrombin, Factor Xa and for subtilisin Novo.	Esters	8-14	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	166-174
4791484-5	1973	Esters of polyglycerols (tri-, hexa-, and decaglycerol esters) were generally active when the fatty acid had chain lengths of 8 to 12 carbon atoms.	Esters	0-6	hexosaminidase subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	31-35
4735494-0	1973	Effect of surface pressure on the hydrolysis of ester monolayers by pancreatic lipase.	Esters	48-53	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	68-85
4643735-0	1972	[Inhibition of cholinesterase by complex esters of stereoisomeric 1,2,5-trimethylpiperidinols-4].	Esters	41-47	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	15-29
4641418-5	1972	Thus, nonspecific lipase preferentially hydrolyzed the ester of a primary alcohol.	Esters	55-60	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	18-24
13814417-0	1960	The action of normal and atypical cholinesterase of human serum upon a series of esters of choline.	Esters	81-87	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	34-48
4506787-1	1972	Esters of thiocholine were shown to inhibit the crosslinking of fibrin clots by the transamidating enzyme, fibrinoligase (thrombin-activated fibrin-stabilizing factor or activated Factor XIII).	Esters	0-6	coagulation factor XIII A chain	Homo sapiens	107-120
5167104-0	1971	The action of pure pig pancreatic lipase upon esters of long-chain fatty acids and short-chain primary alcohols.	Esters	46-52	pancreatic lipase	Sus scrofa	23-40
5420028-2	1970	Evidence is presented suggesting that inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by the bis-carbamates is due to carbamoylation of the enzyme, as is generally thought to be the case with esters of N-alkylcarbamic acids.	Esters	179-185	Acetylcholine esterase	Drosophila melanogaster	52-72
5354767-0	1969	Action of pancreatic lipase on emulsions of water-solubl esters.	Esters	57-63	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	10-27
5823496-0	1969	Esters of phenols as substrates for pancreatic lipase.	Esters	0-6	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	36-53
4966640-0	1968	Radiospirometric determination of the oxidation in vivo of [17-alpha-3H]testosterone and its esters at C-17.	Esters	93-99	cytokine like 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
6070126-0	1967	Effect of pH on inhibition and spontaneous reactivation of acetylcholinesterase treated with esters of phosphorus acids and of carbamic acids.	Esters	93-99	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	59-79
6070126-2	1967	The second-order rate constants of inhibition, k(a), of acetylcholinesterase were measured at pH values between 5.5 and 10.5 for two esters of phosphorus acids and five esters of carbamic acids.	Esters	133-139	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	56-76
4228923-2	1967	Serum plasmin activity in the normal subject by the ester analysis method].	Esters	52-57	plasminogen	Homo sapiens	6-13
5862413-1	1965	The kinetics of hydrolysis of esters of gamma-guanidino-L-alpha-toluene-p-sulphonamidobutyric acid by bovine trypsin and thrombin.	Esters	30-36	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	121-129
5862413-3	1965	Esters of gamma-guanidino-l-alpha-toluene-p-sulphonamidobutyric acid (alpha-N-toluene-p-sulphonyl-l-norarginine) have been synthesized and shown to be hydrolysed by bovine trypsin and thrombin.	Esters	0-6	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Bos taurus	184-192
14033211-0	1962	Esters of methanesulfonic acid as irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase.	Esters	0-6	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	61-81
14458319-0	1961	The antithrombin activity of glucuronic esters of bilirubin.	Esters	40-46	serpin family C member 1	Homo sapiens	4-16
4643323-9	1972	A correlation was found between the ability of cell sap to stimulate polyphenylalanine synthesis and the relative cholesteryl 14-methylhexadecanoate content in the postmicrosomal supernatant at different time-intervals after administration of the ester.	Esters	118-123	amyloid P component, serum	Rattus norvegicus	52-55
5054301-0	1972	Action of rat pancreatic juice and of purified pig pancreatic lipase upon the esters of short-chain aliphatic monoacids and long-chain primary monoalcohols.	Esters	78-84	pancreatic lipase	Sus scrofa	51-68
5025465-3	1972	Lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) did not hydrolyze compounds that contained more than three ester groups.	Esters	79-84	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
5025465-4	1972	Compounds containing four and five ester groups were hydrolyzed by certain preparations of pancreatic juice; this activity is attributed to the enzyme, nonspecific lipase.	Esters	35-40	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	164-170
5802639-0	1969	Relative rates of hydrolysis by rat pancreatic lipase of esters of C2-C18 fatty acids with C1-C18 primary n-alcohols.	Esters	57-63	pancreatic lipase	Rattus norvegicus	36-53
5802639-1	1969	The rate at which rat pancreatic lipase (glycerol-ester hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) hydrolyzes the esters of primary n-alcohols containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms with fatty acids containing from 2 to 18 carbon atoms was determined.	Esters	94-100	pancreatic lipase	Rattus norvegicus	22-39
13460237-3	1957	It is suggested the imidazolepropionylcholine or a closely related ester might be the natural substrate for "non-specific" cholinesterase.	Esters	67-72	butyrylcholinesterase	Bos taurus	123-137
13618257-0	1958	[Actions of pancreatic lipase on esters in emulsions].	Esters	33-39	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	12-29
13587304-0	1958	Colorimetric estimation of some cholinergic esters; application to the demonstration of acetylcholinesterase activity.	Esters	44-50	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	88-108
14800441-0	1951	The influence of sodium choleate on the hydrolysis of various esters by preparations of pancreatic lipase.	Esters	62-68	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	88-105
13034824-0	1953	The inhibition of the action of pancreatic lipase by esters of polyoxyethylene sorbitan.	Esters	53-59	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	32-49
19872327-2	1927	The ester-hydrolyzing or lipase actions of extracts of whole mice whose ages ranged from approximately 6 days before birth to 1 year 8 months 21 days were tested on ten simple esters by the method described in previous papers.	Esters	176-182	lipase, endothelial	Mus musculus	25-31
14791404-1	1950	I. Kinetics of pancreatic lipase activity on an ester in homogeneous aqueous solution.	Esters	48-53	pancreatic lipase	Homo sapiens	15-32
33253428-1	2021	The complexation of ester betulin derivatives with (2-hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) was studied by mobility shift affinity capillary electrophoresis.	Esters	20-25	ACD shelterin complex subunit and telomerase recruitment factor	Homo sapiens	91-98
19869468-3	1928	The morning milk differs from the evening milk in that the cholesterol bound as ester is greater in amount.	Esters	63-68	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	12-16
33744564-6	2021	The estimated SAF ILUC emission intensities, using a 25-year amortization period, range from -58.5 g CO2e MJ-1 for the USA miscanthus alcohol (isobutanol)-to-jet (ATJ) pathway to 34.6 g CO2e MJ-1 for the Malaysia & Indonesia palm oil Hydrotreated Esters of Fatty Acids (HEFA) pathway.	Esters	247-253	FAS antisense RNA 1	Homo sapiens	14-17
33872946-2	2021	In this study, we investigated the change in the hydrolysis rate of hCE1 by focusing on the steric hindrance of the ester structure and the electron density.	Esters	116-121	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
34022312-2	2021	To address this, the pH-sensitive nanoparticles (L61-OE-CS) with MDR-reversal ability were prepared by the crosslinking between acid-labile ortho-ester-modified pluronic (L61-OE) and chitosan (CS) for efficient doxorubicin (DOX) delivery.	Esters	146-151	citrate synthase	Homo sapiens	56-58
33949362-3	2021	Here, we constructed a novel pH-responsive polymersome based on the drug-driven self-assembly of amphiphilic polyphosphazenes PAP containing the ortho ester group ABD and mPEG2000.	Esters	151-156	phospholipid phosphatase 1	Mus musculus	126-129
33929970-0	2021	Acetyl oxygen benzoate engeletin ester promotes KLF4 degradation leading to the attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting TGFbeta1-smad/p38MAPK-lnc865/lnc556-miR-29b-2-5p-STAT3 signal pathway.	Esters	33-38	Kruppel-like factor 4 (gut)	Mus musculus	48-52
33929970-0	2021	Acetyl oxygen benzoate engeletin ester promotes KLF4 degradation leading to the attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting TGFbeta1-smad/p38MAPK-lnc865/lnc556-miR-29b-2-5p-STAT3 signal pathway.	Esters	33-38	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	143-150
33929970-0	2021	Acetyl oxygen benzoate engeletin ester promotes KLF4 degradation leading to the attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting TGFbeta1-smad/p38MAPK-lnc865/lnc556-miR-29b-2-5p-STAT3 signal pathway.	Esters	33-38	microRNA 29b-2	Mus musculus	165-174
33929970-0	2021	Acetyl oxygen benzoate engeletin ester promotes KLF4 degradation leading to the attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting TGFbeta1-smad/p38MAPK-lnc865/lnc556-miR-29b-2-5p-STAT3 signal pathway.	Esters	33-38	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Mus musculus	178-183
33919384-1	2021	IMMH-010 is an ester prodrug of YPD-29B, a potent programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor.	Esters	15-20	CD274 molecule	Homo sapiens	50-80
33919384-1	2021	IMMH-010 is an ester prodrug of YPD-29B, a potent programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor.	Esters	15-20	CD274 molecule	Homo sapiens	82-87
33924662-1	2021	A facilitated transport of Pb(II) through polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) containing 1,8,15,22-tetra(1-heptyl)-calixresorcin[4]arene and its tetra- and octasubstituted derivatives containing phosphoryl, thiophosphoryl or ester groups as an ion carrier was investigated.	Esters	222-227	submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B	Homo sapiens	27-33
33230949-4	2021	We found that esters of meta-carboxyl L-phenylalanine had better LAT1 transport rates than the corresponding acylated L-tyrosine analogs.	Esters	14-20	solute carrier family 7 member 5	Homo sapiens	65-69
19872191-2	1925	The ester-hydrolyzing or lipase actions of extracts of whole rats whose ages ranged from 3 days before birth to 3 years 15 days were tested on ten simple esters by the method described in previous papers.	Esters	154-160	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	25-31
33882424-2	2021	The prosthetic heme group is covalently attached to LPO through two ester linkages involving conserved glutamate and aspartate residues.	Esters	68-73	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	52-55
33932090-0	2021	HOIL-1-catalysed, ester-linked ubiquitylation restricts IL-18 signaling in cytotoxic T cells but promotes TLR signalling in macrophages.	Esters	18-23	RanBP-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger containing 1	Mus musculus	0-6
33932090-0	2021	HOIL-1-catalysed, ester-linked ubiquitylation restricts IL-18 signaling in cytotoxic T cells but promotes TLR signalling in macrophages.	Esters	18-23	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	56-61
33932090-1	2021	The atypical E3 ligase HOIL-1 forms ester bonds between ubiquitin and serine/threonine residues in proteins, but the physiological roles of this unusual modification are unknown.	Esters	36-41	RanBP-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger containing 1	Mus musculus	23-29
33932090-2	2021	We now report that IL-18 signalling leading to the production of interferon g (IFNg) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is enhanced in cytotoxic T cells from knock-in mice expressing the E3 ligase-inactive HOIL-1[C458S] mutant, demonstrating that the formation of HOIL-1-catalysed ester-linked ubiquitin bonds restricts the activation of this pathway.	Esters	308-313	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	19-24
33932090-2	2021	We now report that IL-18 signalling leading to the production of interferon g (IFNg) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is enhanced in cytotoxic T cells from knock-in mice expressing the E3 ligase-inactive HOIL-1[C458S] mutant, demonstrating that the formation of HOIL-1-catalysed ester-linked ubiquitin bonds restricts the activation of this pathway.	Esters	308-313	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	65-77
33932090-2	2021	We now report that IL-18 signalling leading to the production of interferon g (IFNg) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is enhanced in cytotoxic T cells from knock-in mice expressing the E3 ligase-inactive HOIL-1[C458S] mutant, demonstrating that the formation of HOIL-1-catalysed ester-linked ubiquitin bonds restricts the activation of this pathway.	Esters	308-313	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	79-83
33932090-6	2021	Our results establish that changes in HOIL-1-catalysed ester-linked ubiquitylation can promote or reduce cytokine production depending on the ligand, receptor and immune cell and may be explained by differences in the ubiquitylation of IRAK2.	Esters	55-60	RanBP-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger containing 1	Mus musculus	38-44
33932090-6	2021	Our results establish that changes in HOIL-1-catalysed ester-linked ubiquitylation can promote or reduce cytokine production depending on the ligand, receptor and immune cell and may be explained by differences in the ubiquitylation of IRAK2.	Esters	55-60	interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2	Mus musculus	236-241
33864822-1	2021	AIMS: Human carboxylesterases (CESs) and arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) are serine-esterase enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of many compounds containing esters, amides, thioesters, or acetyl groups.	Esters	158-164	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	12-29
33864822-1	2021	AIMS: Human carboxylesterases (CESs) and arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) are serine-esterase enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of many compounds containing esters, amides, thioesters, or acetyl groups.	Esters	158-164	arylacetamide deacetylase	Homo sapiens	41-66
33864822-1	2021	AIMS: Human carboxylesterases (CESs) and arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) are serine-esterase enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of many compounds containing esters, amides, thioesters, or acetyl groups.	Esters	158-164	arylacetamide deacetylase	Homo sapiens	68-73
33897893-10	2021	A dual-target compound ZL006-05 produced by linking ZL006 and (+)-borneol through an ester bond blocked nNOS-PSD-95 interaction and potentiated alpha2-containing GABAAR selectively.	Esters	85-90	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	104-108
33897893-10	2021	A dual-target compound ZL006-05 produced by linking ZL006 and (+)-borneol through an ester bond blocked nNOS-PSD-95 interaction and potentiated alpha2-containing GABAAR selectively.	Esters	85-90	discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4	Homo sapiens	109-115
33897893-10	2021	A dual-target compound ZL006-05 produced by linking ZL006 and (+)-borneol through an ester bond blocked nNOS-PSD-95 interaction and potentiated alpha2-containing GABAAR selectively.	Esters	85-90	glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	144-150
32812300-1	2021	New ester-functionalized bicyclic aliphatic polymers are synthesized through the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of endo- and exo-norbornene lactones (endo-NBL and exo-NBL) and their oxa-norbornene analogue (exo-oxa-NBL) followed by hydrogenation.	Esters	4-9	NUMB like endocytic adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	170-173
32812300-1	2021	New ester-functionalized bicyclic aliphatic polymers are synthesized through the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of endo- and exo-norbornene lactones (endo-NBL and exo-NBL) and their oxa-norbornene analogue (exo-oxa-NBL) followed by hydrogenation.	Esters	4-9	NUMB like endocytic adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	182-185
32812300-1	2021	New ester-functionalized bicyclic aliphatic polymers are synthesized through the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of endo- and exo-norbornene lactones (endo-NBL and exo-NBL) and their oxa-norbornene analogue (exo-oxa-NBL) followed by hydrogenation.	Esters	4-9	NUMB like endocytic adaptor protein	Homo sapiens	182-185
33732900-4	2021	Methods: Neuraminidase was immobilized onto agarose activated with cyanate ester groups and further used for desialylation of model glycoproteins, a lysate from tumour cells and tumour cells.	Esters	75-80	neuraminidase 1	Bos taurus	9-22
33625789-2	2021	Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a lipid shuttling protein known for its effects on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.	Esters	4-9	cholesteryl ester transfer protein	Homo sapiens	36-40
33717996-6	2021	Although we detected consistent upregulation of AQP1 expression at the RNA transcript level following HK-2 treatment with both low and high doses of several ester-bound 3-MCPD compounds, these increases were not associated with statistically significant elevations in their protein expression levels.	Esters	157-162	aquaporin 1 (Colton blood group)	Homo sapiens	48-52
33421954-3	2021	Potent and selective inhibitors of human carboxylesterase 2 (hCES2) could be utilized to alleviate the toxicity induced by ester drugs.	Esters	49-54	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	61-66
32780460-2	2021	Its structure is similar to that of SAA, but the 3",4"-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene group and the ester structure in SAA were replaced by the RES structure and an amine group, respectively.	Esters	94-99	serum amyloid A cluster	Mus musculus	36-39
32780460-2	2021	Its structure is similar to that of SAA, but the 3",4"-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene group and the ester structure in SAA were replaced by the RES structure and an amine group, respectively.	Esters	94-99	serum amyloid A cluster	Mus musculus	113-116
33498322-3	2021	In this contribution, nine ester-bridged NSs based on beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and different quantities of pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), used as a cross-linking agent in stoichiometric proportions of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 moles of PMDA for each mole of CD, were synthesized and characterized in terms of swelling and rheological properties.	Esters	27-32	ACD shelterin complex subunit and telomerase recruitment factor	Homo sapiens	73-80
33249154-11	2021	Molecular docking analysis revealed the formation of several H-bonding interactions through the ester carbonyl and the nitro oxygens of 3c with the side chains of His348, Arg212 and His279 in the active pocket of alpha-glucosidase whereas 3b interacted with His95, -OH of Thr197, Thr198 and WAT462 in the active site of carbonic anhydrase-II.	Esters	96-101	carbonic anhydrase 2	Homo sapiens	320-341
33567435-9	2021	The ester-linked fatty acid may be removed by an as yet unidentified esterase, and the resulting omega-hydroxyceramide may become ester linked to the outer surface of the cornified envelope through action of transglutaminase 1.	Esters	4-9	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	208-226
33389415-5	2021	The heme prosthetic group is covalently linked in LPO through two ester bonds involving conserved residues Glu258 and Asp108.	Esters	66-71	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	50-53
33290908-8	2021	In particular, a triazole-modified nucleoside bearing an ester substituent imparted a nine-fold and five-fold increase in activity for both anti-miR21 and anti-miR122 at 300 and 5 nM, respectively.	Esters	57-62	microRNA 21	Homo sapiens	145-150
33290908-8	2021	In particular, a triazole-modified nucleoside bearing an ester substituent imparted a nine-fold and five-fold increase in activity for both anti-miR21 and anti-miR122 at 300 and 5 nM, respectively.	Esters	57-62	microRNA 122	Homo sapiens	160-166
33397102-2	2021	By using the I2/PCl3 system, various substrates including aliphatic and aromatic esters could react with acetonitrile and arenes to afford the desired products in good to excellent yields.	Esters	81-87	PHD finger protein 19	Homo sapiens	16-20
33350832-6	2021	Conclusions point to the innate oxidizing nature of MPO with the ester and sulfonium linkages hiking up the reactivity to enable chloride oxidation.	Esters	65-70	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	52-55
33435517-4	2021	We chemically synthesized and tested a set of fatty acid amides and esters for cell death induction via GPR55 activation.	Esters	68-74	G protein-coupled receptor 55	Homo sapiens	104-109
33567435-9	2021	The ester-linked fatty acid may be removed by an as yet unidentified esterase, and the resulting omega-hydroxyceramide may become ester linked to the outer surface of the cornified envelope through action of transglutaminase 1.	Esters	69-74	transglutaminase 1	Homo sapiens	208-226
32683266-4	2020	Enzymatic treatment by Flavourzyme and bromelain significantly elevated the levels of ketones and odors, whereas excessive proteolysis by papain and proteinase K largely reduced the levels of esters and aldehydes.	Esters	192-198	endogenous retrovirus group K member 7	Homo sapiens	149-159
33300807-1	2020	A mild organophotoredox synthetic protocol for forming a Csp3-S/Se bond by reacting widespread redox-active esters with thio/selenosulfonates has been developed.	Esters	108-114	squalene epoxidase	Homo sapiens	64-66
33300807-0	2020	Organophotoredox-Catalyzed Formation of Alkyl-Aryl and -Alkyl C-S/Se Bonds from Coupling of Redox-Active Esters with Thio/Selenosulfonates.	Esters	105-111	squalene epoxidase	Homo sapiens	66-68
33294638-1	2020	Activity of human CYP26A1 towards six proluciferin probe substrates and their ester derivatives was monitored.	Esters	78-83	cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	18-25
33334285-1	2021	BACKGROUND: Recently, a series of 15 compounds with 2,4,5-trisubstitutedthiazole scaffold having 2- amino/amido/ureido functional groups attached with 5-aryl and 4-carboxylic acid/ester groups (1-15) were reported from our research group as novel potential inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase III (CA III) enzyme.	Esters	180-185	carbonic anhydrase 3	Homo sapiens	271-293
33334285-1	2021	BACKGROUND: Recently, a series of 15 compounds with 2,4,5-trisubstitutedthiazole scaffold having 2- amino/amido/ureido functional groups attached with 5-aryl and 4-carboxylic acid/ester groups (1-15) were reported from our research group as novel potential inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase III (CA III) enzyme.	Esters	180-185	carbonic anhydrase 3	Homo sapiens	295-301
33142229-0	2020	Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of ester-based quercetin derivatives as selective vascular KCa1.1 channel stimulators.	Esters	52-57	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M alpha 1	Homo sapiens	108-114
33294638-6	2020	Taken together, we describe eleven new probe substrates for CYP26A1 and demonstrate for the first time that CYP26A1 does not only accept acid substrates but can also metabolize esters.	Esters	177-183	cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	60-67
33294638-6	2020	Taken together, we describe eleven new probe substrates for CYP26A1 and demonstrate for the first time that CYP26A1 does not only accept acid substrates but can also metabolize esters.	Esters	177-183	cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	108-115
32700406-5	2020	Here, we incorporate catalysis in an artificial fuel-driven out-of-equilibrium CRN, where the forward (ester formation) and backward reaction (ester hydrolysis) are controlled by varying the ratio of two organocatalysts: pyridine and imidazole.	Esters	103-108	crooked neck pre-mRNA splicing factor 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
32975372-6	2020	Among the varied lengths of the alkyl chain in ester derivatives, the MDP analogue bearing the d-glutamate dodecyl (C12) ester moiety showed the best NOD2 stimulation potency.	Esters	47-52	nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2	Homo sapiens	150-154
32700406-5	2020	Here, we incorporate catalysis in an artificial fuel-driven out-of-equilibrium CRN, where the forward (ester formation) and backward reaction (ester hydrolysis) are controlled by varying the ratio of two organocatalysts: pyridine and imidazole.	Esters	143-148	crooked neck pre-mRNA splicing factor 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
33136327-4	2020	In addition, the modified solvation structures can facilitate adequate LiNO3 dissolution in the ester electrolyte (denoted as E-LiNO3 ), contributing to constant supplement of constructing highly conductive LiNx Oy -containing SEI for dendrite-free Li deposition under high capacity condition.	Esters	96-101	immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine rich repeat 2	Homo sapiens	207-211
33180703-6	2020	To address the basis for this divergence, here we conducted functional analysis of a gene encoding major alcohol o-acyltransferase (AAT1) that catalyzes volatile ester formation.	Esters	162-167	alcohol acyl transferase	Solanum lycopersicum	132-136
33146948-2	2021	Early setbacks with complex rotameric amide mixtures, provided the ideal environment for the discovery of the Oxa-Shono reaction-Osp 2 -Csp 3 bond cleavage of esters-providing two useful products in one-step: aldehyde selective oxidation level products and a mild de-esterification method to afford carboxylic acids in the process.	Esters	159-165	claudin 11	Homo sapiens	129-132
32526401-3	2020	In order to realize the "dual-site collaborative recognition", we rationally designed and synthesized an ester functionalized pillar[5]arene-based fluorescent sensor (SP5).	Esters	105-110	Sp5 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	167-170
32526401-5	2020	In the SP5, the pillar[5]arene group act as C-H   pi interactions site, and ester group serve as multi hydrogen bonding acceptor.	Esters	76-81	Sp5 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	7-10
32526401-6	2020	Interestingly, the SP5 exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity (2.84 x 10-8 M) towards L-Met based on the collaboration of electron-rich cavernous pillar[5]arene group and ester group through C-H   pi and H-bond interactions, respectively.	Esters	175-180	Sp5 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	19-22
32366203-3	2020	To increase solubility, 4-HPR was conjugated with methoxy polyethylene glycol carboxylic acid (mPEG2K-COOH) by an ester linkage between the phenol hydroxyl of 4-HPR and the carboxyl of mPEG2K-COOH.	Esters	114-119	haptoglobin-related protein	Homo sapiens	26-29
32869774-1	2020	The selective reduction of esters to aldehydes, via the formation of stable alkyl silyl acetals, was, for the first time, achieved with both manganese, -Mn2(CO)10- and rhenium -Re2(CO)10- catalysts in the presence of triethylsilane as reductant.	Esters	27-33	G protein-coupled receptor 161	Homo sapiens	177-180
32366203-3	2020	To increase solubility, 4-HPR was conjugated with methoxy polyethylene glycol carboxylic acid (mPEG2K-COOH) by an ester linkage between the phenol hydroxyl of 4-HPR and the carboxyl of mPEG2K-COOH.	Esters	114-119	haptoglobin-related protein	Homo sapiens	161-164
32992925-1	2020	Organophosphates (OPs) are esters of substituted phosphates, phosphonates or phosphoramidates that react with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by initially transferring the organophosphityl group to a serine residue in the enzyme active site, concomitant with loss of an alcohol or halide leaving group.	Esters	27-33	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	110-130
32651261-4	2020	aKG esters also conferred cytotoxicity in a variety of cancer types if their cell respiration was obstructed by hypoxia or by chemical inhibition of the electron transport chain (ETC), both of which are known to increase aspartate and GOT1 dependencies.	Esters	4-10	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	235-239
32787104-1	2020	Synthetic triterpenoids including CDDO, its methyl ester (CDDO-Me, bardoxolone methyl), and its imidazolide (CDDO-Im) enhance Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in many diseases by reacting with thiols on the adaptor protein, Keap1.	Esters	51-56	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	126-130
32651261-7	2020	SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate that OXPHOS deficiency caused by either hypoxia or mutations, which can significantly increase cancer virulence, renders tumors sensitive to aKG esters by targeting their dependence upon GOT1 for aspartate synthesis.	Esters	186-192	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	228-232
32984309-1	2020	Plasmalogens are a special class of polar glycerolipids containing a vinyl-ether bond and an ester bond at sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol backbone, respectively.	Esters	93-98	solute carrier family 38 member 3	Homo sapiens	107-111
32719536-3	2020	Here we report a new level of regulation wherein LCFA-CoA esters per se allosterically activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) beta1-containing isoforms to increase fatty acid oxidation through phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase.	Esters	58-64	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1	Homo sapiens	96-137
32984309-1	2020	Plasmalogens are a special class of polar glycerolipids containing a vinyl-ether bond and an ester bond at sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol backbone, respectively.	Esters	93-98	solute carrier family 38 member 5	Homo sapiens	116-120
32473836-0	2020	Characterization of water-soluble esters of nitrobenzoxadiazole-based GSTP1-1 inhibitors for cancer treatment.	Esters	34-40	glutathione S-transferase pi 1	Homo sapiens	70-77
32854311-6	2020	Ester and amide imidazodiazepines were among the most active KOR ligands but also competed with 3H-flunitrazepam for brain extract binding, which is mediated predominately by gamma aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAAR) of the alpha1-3beta2-3gamma1-2 subtypes.	Esters	0-5	opioid receptor kappa 1	Homo sapiens	61-64
32698579-5	2020	Specifically, the levels of the G1 phase-related markers cyclin D1 and cyclin E as well as the cycle dependent kinase 4, were suppressed by this particular ester.	Esters	156-161	cyclin D1	Homo sapiens	57-66
32473836-6	2020	Interestingly, esters 3-5 displayed high inhibitory activity towards the glutathione transferase (GST) isoform GSTP1-1 and showed a reactivity towards reduced glutathione comparable to that of the respective parent compound.	Esters	15-21	glutathione S-transferase pi 1	Homo sapiens	111-118
32486639-3	2020	Owing to the special covalent binding between the o-hydroxyl and boric acid groups, APBA-QDs react with 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin to form a five-membered ring ester dual-emission fluorescence probe for TYR.	Esters	155-160	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	198-201
33479687-5	2020	Furthermore, we present a comparative study of PNP activated esters and the commonly utilised 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorphenyl (TFP) activated esters under direct radiofluorination conditions and demonstrate their relative acylation behaviour.	Esters	61-67	purine nucleoside phosphorylase	Homo sapiens	47-50
32484199-1	2020	Two chiral binaphthyl (BNp) derivatives bearing oppositely oriented ester linkers to two pyrene (Py) moieties [(R)/(S)-1 and (R)/(S)-2] enabled Py-origin circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), magnetic CPL (MCPL), and circular dichroism (CD).	Esters	68-73	natriuretic peptide B	Homo sapiens	23-26
33456103-3	2020	When the EWG contains a pi bond (nitriles, aldehydes, ketones, ester), eta 2 coordination occurs predominantly on the nonaromatic functional group.	Esters	63-68	DNA polymerase iota	Homo sapiens	71-76
33456103-4	2020	However, complexation of the tungsten complex with trimethyl orthobenzoate (PhC(OMe)3) followed by hydrolysis allows access to an eta 2-coordinated arene with an ester substituent.	Esters	162-167	DNA polymerase iota	Homo sapiens	130-135
32409040-10	2020	Triton X 100 stabilized immobilized lipase was a better performer in yielding green apple flavour ester, demonstrating about 90% ester yield as compared to 78% yield obtained by CTAB stabilized immobilized lipase preparation.	Esters	98-103	lipase	Malus domestica	36-42
32409040-10	2020	Triton X 100 stabilized immobilized lipase was a better performer in yielding green apple flavour ester, demonstrating about 90% ester yield as compared to 78% yield obtained by CTAB stabilized immobilized lipase preparation.	Esters	98-103	lipase	Malus domestica	206-212
32409040-10	2020	Triton X 100 stabilized immobilized lipase was a better performer in yielding green apple flavour ester, demonstrating about 90% ester yield as compared to 78% yield obtained by CTAB stabilized immobilized lipase preparation.	Esters	129-134	lipase	Malus domestica	36-42
31916635-4	2020	Here in we report the design and synthesis of 10 novel compounds bearing a modified tamoxifen skeleton, ring C is substituted with different ester groups to bypass the CYP2D6 enzyme metabolism and employ esterase enzymes for activation.	Esters	141-146	cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6	Homo sapiens	168-174
32298535-7	2020	Among the 2-CO 2 CH 3  derivatives, only the ester of the lead ( 2b ) slightly activated PPARgamma.	Esters	45-50	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	89-98
32404552-5	2020	Nevertheless, physical absorb MCOPs-immobilized CRL demonstrated the highest esters hydrolysis (49.85 U) and transesterification (1.04 U) activities.	Esters	77-83	interleukin 31 receptor A	Homo sapiens	48-51
32374603-0	2020	Structural studies on the inhibitory binding mode of aromatic coumarinic esters to human kallikrein-related peptidase 7.	Esters	73-79	kallikrein related peptidase 7	Homo sapiens	89-119
32374603-10	2020	With these results, we analyze the structural basis of KLK7 inhibition by covalent attachment of aromatic coumarinic esters.	Esters	117-123	kallikrein related peptidase 7	Homo sapiens	55-59
32384231-0	2020	Tuning the Porosity, Solubility, and Gas Storage Properties of Cuboctahedral Coordination Cages via Amide or Ester Functionalization.	Esters	109-114	gastrin	Homo sapiens	37-40
32065430-2	2020	The desired tricycle was synthesized via following key steps: a) Evans" syn-selective aldolization; b) Liebeskind-Srogl cross-coupling using phenylthiol ester of 3-chloropropanoic acid as a surrogate of acrylic thioester for the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles; c) ring-closing metathesis (RCM) for the formation of the 8-membered ring.	Esters	141-158	synemin	Homo sapiens	25-28
32029277-5	2020	Inhibition of intracellular aminopeptidases by Bestatin methyl ester (Bes-ME) decreased leucine and alanine aminopeptidase activity, and impaired proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts.	Esters	47-77	carboxypeptidase Q	Homo sapiens	28-42
32352777-1	2020	Herein, a series of HSP90 inhibitors-SN38 conjugates through ester and carbamate linkage in the 20-OH and 10-OH positions of SN38 were developed for improving the tumor-specific penetration and accumulation of SN38 via extracellular HSP90 (eHSP90)-mediated endocytosis.	Esters	61-66	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	20-25
32352777-1	2020	Herein, a series of HSP90 inhibitors-SN38 conjugates through ester and carbamate linkage in the 20-OH and 10-OH positions of SN38 were developed for improving the tumor-specific penetration and accumulation of SN38 via extracellular HSP90 (eHSP90)-mediated endocytosis.	Esters	61-66	heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1	Homo sapiens	233-238
32196348-6	2020	Focusing on the antiviral ester prodrug valacyclovir (VACV), we identified serine hydrolase RBBP9 as an activating enzyme in Caco-2 cells via shotgun proteomics, validating the activity via the selective inhibitor emetine (EME).	Esters	26-31	RB binding protein 9, serine hydrolase	Homo sapiens	92-97
32203949-3	2020	Here, we synthesize a drug conjugate MP by linking the IDO inhibitor, D-1-methyltryptophan (D-1MT), to the chemotherapeutic agent, paclitaxel (PTX), through an ester bond.	Esters	160-165	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
32519673-2	2020	Methods The immunogen AZM-BSA and coating antigen AZM-OVA were synthesized by coupling AZM to the bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) with the activated ester method.	Esters	164-169	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene	Mus musculus	129-138
32123952-1	2020	Human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2), one of the most principal drug-metabolizing enzymes, catalyzes the hydrolysis of a variety of endogenous esters, anticancer agents, and environmental toxicants.	Esters	138-144	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	6-24
32123952-1	2020	Human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2), one of the most principal drug-metabolizing enzymes, catalyzes the hydrolysis of a variety of endogenous esters, anticancer agents, and environmental toxicants.	Esters	138-144	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
32017204-2	2020	Conditions for selective exchange of the sp2 CH bond ortho to the methyl ester functionality were developed through deuterium modeling studies through a catalyst screen.	Esters	66-78	Sp2 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	41-44
32519673-2	2020	Methods The immunogen AZM-BSA and coating antigen AZM-OVA were synthesized by coupling AZM to the bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) with the activated ester method.	Esters	164-169	serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade B, member 1, pseudogene	Mus musculus	54-57
32192035-5	2020	In the first stage, esters and alcohols were the two main contributors to the aroma of the coconut jam.	Esters	20-26	F11 receptor	Homo sapiens	99-102
31761937-6	2020	Under stress, BGLU18 distribution shifted toward microsomes, which was accompanied by increasing BGLU18mediated ABAGE hydrolytic activity and ABA levels in leaf petioles.	Esters	112-117	beta glucosidase 18	Arabidopsis thaliana	14-20
31761937-6	2020	Under stress, BGLU18 distribution shifted toward microsomes, which was accompanied by increasing BGLU18mediated ABAGE hydrolytic activity and ABA levels in leaf petioles.	Esters	112-117	beta glucosidase 18	Arabidopsis thaliana	97-103
31761937-9	2020	We propose that ER dynamics modulate ABA homeostasis and abiotic stress responses by activating BGLU18-mediated ABAGE hydrolysis.	Esters	112-117	beta glucosidase 18	Arabidopsis thaliana	96-102
31879758-7	2020	However, BChE appears to primarily serve as a bioscavenger of toxic esters due to its ability to accommodate a wide variety of substrates within its active site.	Esters	68-74	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	9-13
32184567-1	2020	Purpose: This study aimed to synthesize twin drugs from cinnamic acid compounds, caffeic acid (CFA) and ferulic acid (FLA), which can antagonize endothelin-1 (ET-1) with telmisartan through ester bonds.	Esters	190-195	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	145-157
32184567-1	2020	Purpose: This study aimed to synthesize twin drugs from cinnamic acid compounds, caffeic acid (CFA) and ferulic acid (FLA), which can antagonize endothelin-1 (ET-1) with telmisartan through ester bonds.	Esters	190-195	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-163
32874247-0	2020	Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 72, Revision 2 (FGE.72Rev2): consideration of aliphatic, branched-chain saturated and unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, acids and related esters evaluated by JECFA (61st, 68th and 69th meetings) and structurally related to flavouring substances in FGE.05Rev3.	Esters	187-193	sulfatase modifying factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-69
32182256-3	2020	Herein, we developed a heterologous expression system for OVCA2 and determined the comprehensive substrate specificity of OVCA2 against two ester substrate libraries.	Esters	140-145	OVCA2 serine hydrolase domain containing	Homo sapiens	122-127
32182256-4	2020	Based on this analysis, OVCA2 was confirmed as a serine hydrolase with a strong preference for long-chain alkyl ester substrates (>10-carbons) and high selectivity against a variety of short, branched, and substituted esters.	Esters	218-224	OVCA2 serine hydrolase domain containing	Homo sapiens	24-29
32168938-3	2020	This conjugate was obtained by covalently linking MP with the renal targeting carrier LZM through a linker containing an ester bond, which could utilize the renal targeting of LZM to deliver MP to renal proximal tubular epithelial cells and effectively release MP.	Esters	121-126	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	86-89
32168938-3	2020	This conjugate was obtained by covalently linking MP with the renal targeting carrier LZM through a linker containing an ester bond, which could utilize the renal targeting of LZM to deliver MP to renal proximal tubular epithelial cells and effectively release MP.	Esters	121-126	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	176-179
33479646-7	2020	Replacing the methoxy group on the benzothiazole moiety of WY06 with a fluorine or chlorine atom and exchanging the ester group with a cyano group resulted in more potent ABCA1 upregulating activity.	Esters	116-121	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 1	Mus musculus	171-176
31718978-1	2020	In this study a new probe (2"-(1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl-4-carboxylic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, PB1-1) was synthesized and presented, containing the ester group as reactive group for medical imaging applications.	Esters	113-118	submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3A	Homo sapiens	120-125
31692149-0	2020	A practical method for continuous production of sp3-rich compounds from (hetero)aryl halides and redox-active esters.	Esters	110-116	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	48-51
31978322-4	2020	One of the essential targets displays a high degree of homology to human monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and is able to process lipid esters including a MAGL acylglyceride substrate.	Esters	133-139	monoglyceride lipase	Homo sapiens	73-96
31978322-4	2020	One of the essential targets displays a high degree of homology to human monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and is able to process lipid esters including a MAGL acylglyceride substrate.	Esters	133-139	monoglyceride lipase	Homo sapiens	98-102
31978322-4	2020	One of the essential targets displays a high degree of homology to human monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and is able to process lipid esters including a MAGL acylglyceride substrate.	Esters	133-139	monoglyceride lipase	Homo sapiens	152-156
31993622-3	2020	Herein, quinone and ester-type oxygen-modified carbon has been successfully obtained by chemical activation with alkali, which is beneficial to the absorption of PF6- together with lithium ions, which would largely improve the electrode kinetics.	Esters	20-25	sperm associated antigen 17	Homo sapiens	162-165
32069959-2	2020	The results showed that a total of 31, 30, and 30 ester compounds making a contribution to aroma were present in the HHL, ZPL, and LPLJ samples, respectively.	Esters	50-55	RAB GTPase activating protein 1 like	Homo sapiens	117-120
31875385-5	2020	AChE can "light up" strong NIR fluorescence through cleavage special ester bond and transforming CyN into CyOH.	Esters	69-74	acetylcholinesterase	Danio rerio	0-4
31947900-1	2020	Mammalian paraoxonase-1 hydrolyses a very broad spectrum of esters such as certain drugs and xenobiotics.	Esters	60-66	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	10-23
31629589-3	2020	Here we report a novel self-assembled composite by depositing two-dimensional MXene nanosheets on a commercialized mixed cellulose ester filter (as designated as MCM).	Esters	131-136	methylmalonyl-CoA mutase	Homo sapiens	162-165
32626481-0	2020	Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 71 Revision 1 (FGE.71Rev1): consideration of aliphatic, linear, alpha,beta-unsaturated alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and related esters evaluated by JECFA (63rd and 69th meeting) structurally related to flavouring substances evaluated in FGE.05Rev3.	Esters	188-194	sulfatase modifying factor 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
31702488-1	2020	Butyrylcholinesterase is a serine hydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of esters in the body.	Esters	77-83	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-21
31669698-4	2020	We developed four synthetic approaches to generate RBC-Staphylococcal protein A (RBC-SpA) complexes: amino group targeting through N-hydrosuccinidyl ester-functionalized homobifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (NHS-PEG-NHS), direct thiol group targeting using heterobifunctional NHS-PEG-maleimide (NHS-PEG-MAL), converted thiol targeting using heterobifunctional NHS-PEG-MAL, and click chemistry using a heterobifunctional NHS-PEG-azido (NHS-PEG-N3) and NHS-PEG-alkyne (NHS-PEG-alk).	Esters	131-154	surfactant protein A1	Homo sapiens	85-88
31669698-4	2020	We developed four synthetic approaches to generate RBC-Staphylococcal protein A (RBC-SpA) complexes: amino group targeting through N-hydrosuccinidyl ester-functionalized homobifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (NHS-PEG-NHS), direct thiol group targeting using heterobifunctional NHS-PEG-maleimide (NHS-PEG-MAL), converted thiol targeting using heterobifunctional NHS-PEG-MAL, and click chemistry using a heterobifunctional NHS-PEG-azido (NHS-PEG-N3) and NHS-PEG-alkyne (NHS-PEG-alk).	Esters	131-154	ALK receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	461-464
31615747-0	2020	HOIL-1, an atypical E3 ligase that controls MyD88 signalling by forming ester bonds between ubiquitin and components of the Myddosome.	Esters	72-77	RANBP2-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger containing 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
31615747-0	2020	HOIL-1, an atypical E3 ligase that controls MyD88 signalling by forming ester bonds between ubiquitin and components of the Myddosome.	Esters	72-77	MYD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor	Homo sapiens	44-49
31615747-4	2020	Here we review recent developments in our understanding of this network, focusing on the unexpected discovery that the E3 ligase HOIL-1 initiates the formation of hybrid ubiquitin chains by forming an ester bond between the first ubiquitin and the protein components of the Myddosome.	Esters	201-206	RANBP2-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger containing 1	Homo sapiens	129-135
32087053-4	2020	MPO binds site-specifically to the LDL surface and modifies LDL properties and structural organization, which leads to the LDL conversion into proatherogenic forms captured by monocytes/macrophages, which causes accumulation of cholesterol and its esters in these cells and their transformation into foam cells, the basis of atherosclerotic plaques.	Esters	248-254	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	0-3
31693270-6	2020	Next, these indomethacin esters were hydrolyzed in recombinant hCES1 solution and the hydrolysis rates of the esters were calculated.	Esters	25-31	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	63-68
32741938-0	2020	Evaluation of Synthesized Ester or Amide Coumarin Derivatives on Aromatase Inhibitory Activity.	Esters	26-31	cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	65-74
31821864-10	2020	In order to solve the latter limitation, two reconstructed ancestral sequences of DmJHAMT were also tried, resulting in strains showing a broader methyl ester chain-length profile in comparison to the native DmJHAMT.	Esters	146-158	juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase	Drosophila melanogaster	82-89
32115554-1	2020	The first-pass hydrolysis of oral ester-type prodrugs in the liver and intestine is mediated mainly by hCE1 and hCE2 of the respective predominant carboxylesterase (CES) isozymes.	Esters	34-39	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
31889992-1	2019	Background: Human carboxylesterases (hCES) are key serine hydrolases responsible for the hydrolysis of a wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic esters.	Esters	145-151	cat eye syndrome chromosome region	Homo sapiens	37-41
31703893-2	2019	In order to confirm key structural features to activate PPARalpha and/or PPARgamma, we have adopted structural modifications in the following parts: (i) the benzopyran core (hydrophobic nucleus) by benzopyran-4-one, dihydrobenzopyran or benzopyran-4-ol; (ii) the side chain at 2-position by shortening to C3, C4 and C5-carbons versus C-9-carbons of polycerasoidol; (iii) the carboxylic group (polar head) by oxygenated groups (hydroxyl, acetoxy, epoxide, ester, aldehyde) or non-oxygenated motifs (allyl and alkyl).	Esters	455-460	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	56-65
31704704-8	2019	We found that the 1- and 4"-lipid A phosphate groups critical in TLR4/MD2 signaling become susceptible to hydrolysis only after de-O-acylation of ester linked primary acyl chains on lipid A.	Esters	146-151	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	65-69
31704704-8	2019	We found that the 1- and 4"-lipid A phosphate groups critical in TLR4/MD2 signaling become susceptible to hydrolysis only after de-O-acylation of ester linked primary acyl chains on lipid A.	Esters	146-151	lymphocyte antigen 96	Homo sapiens	70-73
32115554-1	2020	The first-pass hydrolysis of oral ester-type prodrugs in the liver and intestine is mediated mainly by hCE1 and hCE2 of the respective predominant carboxylesterase (CES) isozymes.	Esters	34-39	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	112-116
31558605-1	2019	Feruloyl esterases (EC 3.1.1.73), belonging to carbohydrate esterase family 1 (CE1), hydrolyze ester bonds between ferulic acid (FA) and arabinose moieties in arabinoxylans.	Esters	9-14	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	47-77
31784554-8	2019	This work also demonstrates the advantage of using polymers containing ester groups as the PCB substrate in consideration of eco-friendly and efficient recycling.	Esters	71-76	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	91-94
31661133-2	2019	Paeoniflorin-6"-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25) is a novel ester derivative of paeoniflorin.	Esters	55-60	homeobox C6	Homo sapiens	37-42
31494392-3	2019	EXPERIMENTS: The title esters were prepared by enzymatic methods and their properties as surfactants evaluated through determination of their HLB values, water solubilities, CMCs, foamabilities and foaming stabilities as well as through investigation of their impacts on the stability of oil-in-water emulsions over a range of storage times and under certain other conditions.	Esters	23-29	G protein signaling modulator 2	Homo sapiens	174-178
31558605-1	2019	Feruloyl esterases (EC 3.1.1.73), belonging to carbohydrate esterase family 1 (CE1), hydrolyze ester bonds between ferulic acid (FA) and arabinose moieties in arabinoxylans.	Esters	9-14	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	79-82
31616883-0	2019	Mechanistic insights into the non-bifunctional hydrogenation of esters by Co(ii) pincer complexes: a DFT study.	Esters	64-70	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	74-80
31616883-4	2019	On the basis of first principles calculations, performed over Co(PNP)/(PNN) complexes, we present here the energetics and mechanistic details, showing the distinct orientations of different possible intermediates and transition states, and find the minimum energy pathway for the conversion of esters to alcohols.	Esters	294-300	pinin, desmosome associated protein	Homo sapiens	71-74
31768331-0	2019	Triacontanoic ester of 5""-hydroxyjustisolin: Tumour suppressive role in cervical cancer via Bcl-2, BAX and caspase-3 mediated signalling.	Esters	0-19	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	108-117
31185288-1	2019	The production of membrane-associated lipase from Rhizopus chinensis (RCL), which has a high ester synthesis activity and important potential applications, is difficult in heterologous expression system such as Escherichia coli and often leads to the formation of inclusion bodies.	Esters	93-98	2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate N-hydrolase 1	Mus musculus	70-73
31185288-5	2019	Furthermore, the ester synthesis activity of soluble mRCL was increased by detergent treatment and was found to be 3.5 and 1.5 times higher than those of the untreated enzyme and naturally occurring enzyme, respectively.	Esters	17-22	2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-phosphate N-hydrolase 1	Mus musculus	53-57
31768331-0	2019	Triacontanoic ester of 5""-hydroxyjustisolin: Tumour suppressive role in cervical cancer via Bcl-2, BAX and caspase-3 mediated signalling.	Esters	0-19	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	93-98
31768331-0	2019	Triacontanoic ester of 5""-hydroxyjustisolin: Tumour suppressive role in cervical cancer via Bcl-2, BAX and caspase-3 mediated signalling.	Esters	0-19	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	100-103
31589441-1	2019	Ruthenium-pincer complexes bearing CNN- and PNN-pincer ligands with diethyl- or diisopropylamino side groups, which have previously been reported to be active precatalysts for ester hydrogenation, undergo dehydroalkylation on heating in the presence of tricyclohexylphosphine to release ethane or propane, giving five-coordinate ruthenium(0) complexes containing a nascent imine functional group.	Esters	176-181	pinin, desmosome associated protein	Homo sapiens	44-47
31589441-3	2019	A new PNN-pincer ruthenium(0)-imine complex is a highly active catalyst for ester hydrogenation at room temperature, giving up to 15,500 turnovers with no added base.	Esters	76-81	pinin, desmosome associated protein	Homo sapiens	6-9
31323527-6	2019	Some compounds were studied as inhibitors of the main human isozymes involved in biotransformation of ester-containing drugs, hCES1 and hCES2.	Esters	102-107	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	136-141
31632027-4	2019	The submicron-flower-shaped nanocomposites were further functionalized with ginsenoside Rh2 by a cleavable ester bond via carbodiimide chemistry to form Rh2HAZnO.	Esters	107-112	Rh associated glycoprotein	Homo sapiens	88-91
31403246-5	2019	In this TDD system, a new carboxy-derivatized xanthene-cyanine (XCy) dye is attached to an anticancer drug, chlorambucil (CLB), through a hydrolytically cleavable ester linker and coupled to a targeting peptide, octreotide amide (OCTA), which is specific to somatostatin receptors SSTR-2 and STTR-5 overexpressed on many tumor cells.	Esters	163-168	somatostatin receptor 2	Homo sapiens	281-287
31323527-7	2019	Esters of geraniol (3d) and adamantol (3e) proved to be highly active and selective inhibitors of hCES2, inhibiting the enzyme in the nanomolar range, whereas esters of borneol (3f) and isoborneol (3g) were more active and selective against hCES1.	Esters	0-6	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	98-103
31323527-7	2019	Esters of geraniol (3d) and adamantol (3e) proved to be highly active and selective inhibitors of hCES2, inhibiting the enzyme in the nanomolar range, whereas esters of borneol (3f) and isoborneol (3g) were more active and selective against hCES1.	Esters	0-6	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	241-246
31323527-10	2019	Overall, the results indicate that members of this novel series of esters have the potential to be good candidates as hCES1 or hCES2 inhibitors for biomedicinal applications.	Esters	67-73	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	118-123
31323527-10	2019	Overall, the results indicate that members of this novel series of esters have the potential to be good candidates as hCES1 or hCES2 inhibitors for biomedicinal applications.	Esters	67-73	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	127-132
31260603-0	2019	Antiproliferative activity of ester derivatives of monensin A at the C-1 and C-26 positions.	Esters	30-35	heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C	Homo sapiens	69-81
31442206-3	2019	As far as is known, the CLG secretion is species specific, and it usually consists of two types of compounds: (i) straight-chain aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes or esters, and (ii) acyclic mono-, sesqui- and diterpenes (alcohols or acetates).	Esters	162-168	pleckstrin homology and RhoGEF domain containing G2	Homo sapiens	24-27
31260759-1	2019	Human carboxylesterase 2 (CES2A), one of the most abundant hydrolases distributed in human small intestine and colon, play key roles in the hydrolysis of a wide range of prodrugs and other esters.	Esters	189-195	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	6-24
31456406-2	2019	The azidolipids bear an azide group at different positions of the sn-1 or sn-2 alkyl chain and they further differ in the type of linkage (ester vs ether) of the sn-2 alkyl chain.	Esters	139-144	solute carrier family 38 member 5	Homo sapiens	162-166
31523433-1	2019	MGS0274 besylate is an ester-based lipophilic prodrug of a metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) 2 and mGlu3 receptor agonist MGS0008 and being developed for the treatment of schizophrenia.	Esters	23-28	glutamate metabotropic receptor 2	Homo sapiens	59-90
31175950-1	2019	Human carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), primarily expressed in the liver and adipocytes, is responsible for the hydrolysis of endogenous esters (such as cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols) and the metabolism of xenobiotic esters (such as clopidogrel and oseltamivir), thus participates in physiological and pathological processes.	Esters	130-136	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	6-24
30936015-6	2019	However, it was released by incubation with 1 M neutral NH2OH or 0.1 N NaOH, but was not with 0.1 N HCl, suggesting the bond between ADH1 and poly(ADP-ribose) is an ester linkage.	Esters	165-170	alcohol dehydrogenase 1A (class I), alpha polypeptide	Homo sapiens	133-137
31175950-1	2019	Human carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), primarily expressed in the liver and adipocytes, is responsible for the hydrolysis of endogenous esters (such as cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols) and the metabolism of xenobiotic esters (such as clopidogrel and oseltamivir), thus participates in physiological and pathological processes.	Esters	130-136	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	26-30
31318005-1	2019	In this work, we prepared locust bean gum (LBG)/gellan gum (Gg) double network (DN) hydrogels based on pH-sensitive borate-ester bonds in the LBG network and hydrogen-bond-associated double-helix bundles in the Gg network by using two novel natural polysaccharide polymers.	Esters	123-128	brain expressed associated with NEDD4 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
31438540-6	2019	The other series of terminally substituted Schiff base/esters are mesomorphic with a high thermal stable SmA phase, except the iodo derivative, which showed dimorphic SmA and N phases.	Esters	55-61	survival of motor neuron 1, telomeric	Homo sapiens	105-108
30350740-4	2019	Another mechanism of influence on biomembranes was proposed for ester of bicyclic borneol - in this case a high ratio of vibronic peak intensities (I1/I3) was revealed.	Esters	64-69	protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 1A	Rattus norvegicus	148-153
31076412-2	2019	Allisartan (ALS3) is a marketed ester prodrug of Exp3174 to reduce bioavailability variation of losartan in China.	Esters	32-37	ALS3	Homo sapiens	12-16
31175846-1	2019	Carbamates are esters of substituted carbamic acids that react with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by initially transferring the carbamoyl group to a serine residue in the enzyme active site accompanied by loss of the carbamate leaving group followed by hydrolysis of the carbamoyl enzyme.	Esters	15-21	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	68-88
31175846-1	2019	Carbamates are esters of substituted carbamic acids that react with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by initially transferring the carbamoyl group to a serine residue in the enzyme active site accompanied by loss of the carbamate leaving group followed by hydrolysis of the carbamoyl enzyme.	Esters	15-21	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	90-94
31170387-2	2019	In this study, the inhibitory effects and inhibition mechanism of magnolol on human carboxylesterases (hCEs), the key enzymes responsible for the hydrolytic metabolism of a variety of endogenous esters as well as ester-bearing drugs, have been well-investigated.	Esters	195-201	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	84-101
31209050-0	2019	The E3 ligase HOIL-1 catalyses ester bond formation between ubiquitin and components of the Myddosome in mammalian cells.	Esters	31-36	RANBP2-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger containing 1	Homo sapiens	14-20
30698921-5	2019	The esters are the substrate for RPE65, an enzyme that produces 11-cis retinol, which is converted to 11-cis retinaldehyde for transport to the photoreceptors to form rhodopsin.	Esters	4-10	retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65	Homo sapiens	33-38
30698921-5	2019	The esters are the substrate for RPE65, an enzyme that produces 11-cis retinol, which is converted to 11-cis retinaldehyde for transport to the photoreceptors to form rhodopsin.	Esters	4-10	rhodopsin	Homo sapiens	167-176
31333841-5	2019	Methods: Mouse GC-1 spg cells were treated with the ester form of meclofenamic acid (MA2) to inhibit the demethylase activity of FTO.	Esters	52-57	PNMA family member 2	Homo sapiens	85-88
31333841-5	2019	Methods: Mouse GC-1 spg cells were treated with the ester form of meclofenamic acid (MA2) to inhibit the demethylase activity of FTO.	Esters	52-57	fat mass and obesity associated	Mus musculus	129-132
31366048-9	2019	An ester derivative of the lead compound demonstrated cellular activity with inhibition of Src-dependent signaling in cell culture.	Esters	3-8	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	91-94
30948089-5	2019	The ester bonds can be selectively hydrolyzed by cholesterol esterase (CE), an enzyme secreted by macrophagocytes accumulated at the site of infection, whose concentration is positively related to the severity of the infection.	Esters	4-9	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	49-69
30948089-5	2019	The ester bonds can be selectively hydrolyzed by cholesterol esterase (CE), an enzyme secreted by macrophagocytes accumulated at the site of infection, whose concentration is positively related to the severity of the infection.	Esters	4-9	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	71-73
31000626-1	2019	Many indomethacin amides and esters are cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective inhibitors, providing a framework for the design of COX-2-targeted imaging and cancer chemotherapeutic agents.	Esters	29-35	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	40-56
31117626-3	2019	In contrast, three types of columnar structures with different Pt   Pt interactions were found for the R-1 crystal, probably because of the different packing of the chiral ester chains between the columns.	Esters	172-177	CD1b molecule	Homo sapiens	103-106
30052110-1	2019	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is a serine esterase that plays a role in the detoxification of natural as well as synthetic ester-bond-containing compounds.	Esters	13-18	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	23-27
30446734-1	2019	Paeoniflorin-6"-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25) is a new ester derivative of paeoniflorin with improved lipid solubility and oral bioavailability, as well as better anti-inflammatory activity than its parent compound.	Esters	53-58	homeobox C6	Homo sapiens	37-42
31000626-1	2019	Many indomethacin amides and esters are cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective inhibitors, providing a framework for the design of COX-2-targeted imaging and cancer chemotherapeutic agents.	Esters	29-35	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	58-63
31000626-1	2019	Many indomethacin amides and esters are cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective inhibitors, providing a framework for the design of COX-2-targeted imaging and cancer chemotherapeutic agents.	Esters	29-35	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	127-132
31023008-0	2019	Stereodivergent Protein Engineering of a Lipase To Access All Possible Stereoisomers of Chiral Esters with Two Stereocenters.	Esters	95-101	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	41-47
31066284-6	2019	The result showed that within and close to the mesogenic phase temperature ranges, which we called as effective temperature ranges of LC additives ( TEF), the LCs presented better tribological behaviors, meaning they could be used in special lubrication applications that need to be confined in certain temperature scopes; however, the ester groups with long alky tails could help dissolve in base oils and adsorb onto the friction pairs.	Esters	336-341	TEF transcription factor, PAR bZIP family member	Homo sapiens	149-152
30905348-1	2019	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds at sn-2 positions of glycerophospholipids (PL), producing free fatty acids and lysophospholipids.	Esters	59-64	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	0-16
30905348-1	2019	Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds at sn-2 positions of glycerophospholipids (PL), producing free fatty acids and lysophospholipids.	Esters	59-64	phospholipase A2 group IB	Homo sapiens	18-22
30718375-6	2019	Here, we report on the synthesis and characterization of a novel class of ASCT2 inhibitors based on an amino acid scaffold with a sulfonamide/sulfonic acid ester linker to a hydrophobic group.	Esters	156-161	solute carrier family 1 member 5	Homo sapiens	74-79
31041306-7	2019	The phase I metabolites M3.1 (ester hydrolysis), M1.2 (alkyl chain hydrolysis) and the phase II metabolite M3.2 (M3.1 glucuronide) were recommended to be the potential poisoning markers.	Esters	30-35	chromobox 1	Homo sapiens	24-28
30867471-1	2019	Carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) is instrumental for conversion of ester-containing prodrugs in cancer treatment.	Esters	8-13	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	20-24
30771927-3	2019	The mechanism was based on Hg2+-mediated ester hydrolysis to release the fluorophore, 4-[2-(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-vinyl]-1-methyl-pyridinium[e]iodide, which showed outstanding intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and the yellow-green fluorescence were observed.	Esters	41-46	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting pseudogene 2	Homo sapiens	27-30
30993277-1	2019	Iodine-doped sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (I-S@pPAN) is reported for room-temperature sodium sulfur (RT-Na/S) and potassium sulfur (RT-K/S) batteries operated in ester-based electrolytes.	Esters	162-167	peter pan homolog	Homo sapiens	47-51
31052144-4	2019	The results revealed that the nitramine reinforcement of the three polar groups to CL-20 was in the order cyano group &gt; hydroxyl group &gt; ester group.	Esters	143-148	epithelial membrane protein 1	Homo sapiens	83-88
30611903-5	2019	Our biochemical comparisons further show that DmJHE has sufficient substrate promiscuity and activity against odorant esters for a duplicate to evolve a general ODE function against a range of mid-long chain food esters, as is shown in DmJHEdup.	Esters	118-124	Juvenile hormone esterase	Drosophila melanogaster	46-51
30625368-9	2019	Importantly, the study showed that the analogous ester-based prodrug did bind to LAT1 but did not utilize the transporter for cellular uptake in ARPE-19 cells.	Esters	49-54	solute carrier family 7 member 5	Homo sapiens	81-85
30611903-5	2019	Our biochemical comparisons further show that DmJHE has sufficient substrate promiscuity and activity against odorant esters for a duplicate to evolve a general ODE function against a range of mid-long chain food esters, as is shown in DmJHEdup.	Esters	213-219	Juvenile hormone esterase	Drosophila melanogaster	46-51
30226747-2	2019	Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) belongs to the amidase signature superfamily and is a major endocannabinoid inactivating enzyme using an atypical catalytic mechanism involving hydrolysis of amide and occasionally ester bonds.	Esters	215-220	fatty acid amide hydrolase	Homo sapiens	28-32
30718413-4	2019	DGAT1 acyltransferase activity sequesters retinol in ester form, preventing synthesis of retinoic acid, a cofactor for Treg generation.	Esters	35-40	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
31353663-0	2019	Rosmarinic acid and its ester derivatives for enhancing antibacterial, alpha-glucosidase inhibitory, and lipid accumulation suppression activities.	Esters	24-29	sucrase isomaltase (alpha-glucosidase)	Mus musculus	71-88
30673257-1	2019	A one-pot electrochemical nickel-catalyzed decarboxylative sp2-sp3 cross-coupling reaction has been developed using redox-active esters prepared in situ from alkyl carboxylates and  N-hydroxyphthalimide tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (PITU).	Esters	129-135	Sp2 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	59-62
30673257-1	2019	A one-pot electrochemical nickel-catalyzed decarboxylative sp2-sp3 cross-coupling reaction has been developed using redox-active esters prepared in situ from alkyl carboxylates and  N-hydroxyphthalimide tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (PITU).	Esters	129-135	Sp3 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	63-66
30553949-3	2019	METHODS: An ester between aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) and CP94 was synthesised (AP2-18) and experimentally evaluated to determine whether protoporphyrin IX (PpIX)-induced PDT effectiveness could be improved.	Esters	12-17	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	79-82
30758354-3	2019	The relevant Ru-PNN(PO) system provided the desired unsymmetrical esters in good yields via acceptorless dehydrogenation of alcohols.	Esters	66-72	pinin, desmosome associated protein	Homo sapiens	16-19
30996814-0	2019	alpha,gamma-Diketocarboxylic Acids and Their Esters Act as Carbonic Anhydrase IX and XII Selective Inhibitors.	Esters	45-51	carbonic anhydrase 9	Homo sapiens	59-80
30960224-2	2019	Using active ester chemistry as post-functionalized modification approach, cyclic backbone (c-P2) was synthesized by reacting propargyl amine with cyclic precursor (poly(pentafluorophenyl 4-vinylbenzoate), c-PPF4VB6.5k).	Esters	13-18	ceruloplasmin	Homo sapiens	92-96
30522902-1	2019	BACKGROUND: Serum cholinesterase (ChE) a serine hydrolase that catalyses the hydrolysis of esters of choline, is involved in cellular proliferation and differentiation, therefore affecting carcinogenesis.	Esters	91-97	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	18-32
30522902-1	2019	BACKGROUND: Serum cholinesterase (ChE) a serine hydrolase that catalyses the hydrolysis of esters of choline, is involved in cellular proliferation and differentiation, therefore affecting carcinogenesis.	Esters	91-97	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	34-37
30604783-3	2019	The supramolecular assembly acts as an effective drug delivery system via the controlled drug loading and enzyme-responsive drug release, because the butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) can cleave the ester bond of QA-Cbl prodrug, resulting in the release of anti-cancer drug chlorambucil (Cbl).	Esters	163-168	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	173-177
30385318-1	2019	Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents.	Esters	125-131	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	13-34
30523770-3	2019	This investigation is focused on the synthesis of monoterpenoid derived esters of 1-adamantane carboxylic acid as TDP1 inhibitors.	Esters	72-78	tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	114-118
30523770-5	2019	The esters were tested against TDP1 and its binding to the enzyme was modeling.	Esters	4-10	tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	31-35
30523770-6	2019	RESULTS: 13 Novel ester-based TDP1 inhibitors were synthesized with yields of 21-94%; of these, nine esters had not been previously described.	Esters	18-23	tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
30523770-6	2019	RESULTS: 13 Novel ester-based TDP1 inhibitors were synthesized with yields of 21-94%; of these, nine esters had not been previously described.	Esters	101-107	tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	30-34
30523770-7	2019	A number of the esters were found to inhibit TDP1, with IC50 values ranging from 0.86-4.08 microM.	Esters	16-22	tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
30523770-8	2019	Molecular modelling against the TDP1 crystal structure showed a good fit of the active esters in the catalytic pocket, explaining their potency.	Esters	87-93	tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	32-36
30523770-10	2019	CONCLUSION: The esters synthesized were found to be active against TDP1 in the lower micromolar concentration range, with these findings being corroborated by molecular modeling.	Esters	16-22	tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
30385318-1	2019	Human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an endogenous bioscavenger that hydrolyzes numerous medicamentous and poisonous esters and scavenges potent organophosphorus nerve agents.	Esters	125-131	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	36-40
33133604-3	2019	These compounds harness "soft" non-covalent control to achieve polymorphism: the electronic substituent effect of the ester groups weakens the fluoroarene-arene (ArF-ArH) interactions that typically direct crystal packing of this class of compounds, increasing competitiveness of other interactions.	Esters	118-123	low density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1	Homo sapiens	166-169
30243240-4	2018	In the present study a brain-targeted ester prodrug (1) of ketoprofen, utilizing the l-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) was prepared and the enzymes involved in its metabolism in human plasma and liver S9 subcellular fraction as well as rat brain S9 fraction were identified.	Esters	38-43	solute carrier family 7 member 5	Homo sapiens	85-116
30622894-3	2019	The native Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol acyltransferses Eeb1 and Eht1 condense acyl-CoAs with ethanol to produce the corresponding ester, a reaction that is rate limiting in engineering ester biosynthesis pathways.	Esters	135-140	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	60-64
30622894-3	2019	The native Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol acyltransferses Eeb1 and Eht1 condense acyl-CoAs with ethanol to produce the corresponding ester, a reaction that is rate limiting in engineering ester biosynthesis pathways.	Esters	135-140	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-73
30622894-3	2019	The native Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol acyltransferses Eeb1 and Eht1 condense acyl-CoAs with ethanol to produce the corresponding ester, a reaction that is rate limiting in engineering ester biosynthesis pathways.	Esters	190-195	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	60-64
30622894-3	2019	The native Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol acyltransferses Eeb1 and Eht1 condense acyl-CoAs with ethanol to produce the corresponding ester, a reaction that is rate limiting in engineering ester biosynthesis pathways.	Esters	190-195	medium-chain fatty acid ethyl ester synthase/esterase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	69-73
30619420-8	2018	Transgenic antisense AAT1 tomato plants, which displayed a reduction of ester emissions upon bacterial infection in leaves, exhibited a lower ratio of stomatal closure and were hyper-susceptible to bacterial infection.	Esters	72-77	alcohol acyl transferase	Solanum lycopersicum	21-25
30174250-4	2019	The maximum yield of FAME achieved using optimum parameters as time of 35 min, catalyst loading of 1 wt%, reactant ratio of 1:9 (mol:mol) and duty cycle of 60% was 91.56% (on the basis of theoretical ester formation).	Esters	200-205	benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
30380865-0	2018	Neolymphostin A Is a Covalent Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Dual Inhibitor That Employs an Unusual Electrophilic Vinylogous Ester.	Esters	164-169	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	94-98
30243240-4	2018	In the present study a brain-targeted ester prodrug (1) of ketoprofen, utilizing the l-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) was prepared and the enzymes involved in its metabolism in human plasma and liver S9 subcellular fraction as well as rat brain S9 fraction were identified.	Esters	38-43	solute carrier family 7 member 5	Homo sapiens	118-122
29696658-4	2018	RESULTS: Treatment with VIN hardly modified the content of esters and oxidation-related compounds in the wines.	Esters	59-65	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1191	Homo sapiens	24-27
30340996-6	2018	The nanoESI MS analysis of neuraminic acids after treatment of BSM with NanS-p gave evidence that NanS-p variants of EHEC O157:H7 strain EDL933 cleave off O-acetyl groups from mono-, di-, and tri-O-acetylated Neu5Ac and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), regardless of the carbon positions C7, C8 or C9 of the acetate esters.	Esters	319-325	N-acetylneuraminate synthase	Bos taurus	72-76
30340996-6	2018	The nanoESI MS analysis of neuraminic acids after treatment of BSM with NanS-p gave evidence that NanS-p variants of EHEC O157:H7 strain EDL933 cleave off O-acetyl groups from mono-, di-, and tri-O-acetylated Neu5Ac and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), regardless of the carbon positions C7, C8 or C9 of the acetate esters.	Esters	319-325	N-acetylneuraminate synthase	Bos taurus	98-102
30961089-3	2018	It is believed that the electrostatic repulsion between the SA-PAH and PBA-PAH was diminished and the formation of ester bonds between the SA and PBA was promoted in the presence of NaCl.	Esters	115-120	phenylalanine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	63-66
30121821-4	2018	Therefore, in the present study two different categories-ester and non-ester drugs have been considered to analyse their interaction with HSA at two principle drug binding sites using molecular modelling tools.	Esters	57-62	albumin	Homo sapiens	138-141
30121821-4	2018	Therefore, in the present study two different categories-ester and non-ester drugs have been considered to analyse their interaction with HSA at two principle drug binding sites using molecular modelling tools.	Esters	71-76	albumin	Homo sapiens	138-141
29901990-0	2018	Increased Brain Exposure of an Alpha-Synuclein Fibrillization Modulator by Utilization of an Activated Ester Prodrug Strategy.	Esters	103-108	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	31-46
30413989-6	2018	CONCLUSIONS: The synthesized eugenol based ester of caffeic acid compound 7 exhibited MAO-A inhibition with IC50 values of 07.03 +- 0.022 microM with good selectivity (SI = 0.291) towards MAO-A.	Esters	43-48	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	86-91
30413989-6	2018	CONCLUSIONS: The synthesized eugenol based ester of caffeic acid compound 7 exhibited MAO-A inhibition with IC50 values of 07.03 +- 0.022 microM with good selectivity (SI = 0.291) towards MAO-A.	Esters	43-48	monoamine oxidase A	Homo sapiens	188-193
30562988-10	2018	Assessment of the effect of caffeate derivatives on downstream neurotrophic pathways by immunoblotting showed that the most potent esters, decyl caffeate (CAF7) and dodecyl caffeate (CAF8) caused extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and Akt serine threonine kinase phosphorylation in PC12 cells at 5 and 25 microM concentrations.	Esters	131-137	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	235-241
30562988-10	2018	Assessment of the effect of caffeate derivatives on downstream neurotrophic pathways by immunoblotting showed that the most potent esters, decyl caffeate (CAF7) and dodecyl caffeate (CAF8) caused extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and Akt serine threonine kinase phosphorylation in PC12 cells at 5 and 25 microM concentrations.	Esters	131-137	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	247-250
30345740-4	2018	Most important, the antivascular agent 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid, targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor, can be smartly released from the pro-drug DAA via ester bond hydrolysis at the subacid endocytosis organelles in the endothelial cells, which can effectively destroy the vascular region to prevent tumor proliferation and metastasis.	Esters	177-182	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	91-125
30339754-0	2018	Overcoming Convergence Issues in Free-Energy Calculations of Amide-to-Ester Mutations in the Pin1-WW Domain.	Esters	70-75	peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1	Homo sapiens	93-97
30339754-1	2018	Relative folding free energies for a series of amide-to-ester mutations in the Pin1-WW domain are calculated using molecular dynamics simulations.	Esters	56-61	peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
29763549-11	2018	The blood-brain barrier permeability of the ester supports a hypothesis that the free acid function limits brain uptake of nipecotic acid-based GAT-1 radioligands, and future radiotracer efforts should investigate the use of carboxylic acid bioisosteres.	Esters	44-49	solute carrier family 6 member 12	Rattus norvegicus	144-149
30905972-10	2018	On the other hand, the fluorescently labeled octamers FAM-(Adp(OMe))8-NH2 and FAM-(Adp(NMe2))8-NH2 with ester and amide groups in the side chains exhibit mediocre to high cell-wall permeability (Figure 6), and are toxic (Table 3).	Esters	104-109	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
30410332-1	2018	Introduction: Kojic monooleate (KMO) is an ester derived from a fungal metabolite of kojic acid with monounsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid, which contains tyrosinase inhibitor to treat skin disorders such as hyperpigmentation.	Esters	43-48	tyrosinase	Mus musculus	156-166
30098983-1	2018	Carbamates are esters of substituted carbamic acids that react with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by initially transferring the carbamoyl group to a serine residue in the enzyme active site accompanied by loss of the carbamate leaving group followed by hydrolysis of the carbamoyl enzyme.	Esters	15-21	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	68-88
30098983-1	2018	Carbamates are esters of substituted carbamic acids that react with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by initially transferring the carbamoyl group to a serine residue in the enzyme active site accompanied by loss of the carbamate leaving group followed by hydrolysis of the carbamoyl enzyme.	Esters	15-21	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	90-94
30141635-2	2018	Various alpha-bromodifluoromethyl substituted heterocycles, esters, amides, and ketones were successfully employed as the CF2 source.	Esters	60-66	ATPase H+ transporting accessory protein 1	Homo sapiens	122-125
30011357-0	2018	Enantioselective alpha-Allylation of Acyclic Esters Using B(pin)-Substituted Electrophiles: Independent Regulation of Stereocontrol Elements through Cooperative Pd/Lewis Base Catalysis.	Esters	45-51	dynein light chain LC8-type 1	Homo sapiens	60-63
30542587-3	2018	The linear precursor is assembled by an ester forming alpha-ketoacid-hydroxylamine (KAHA) ligation that provides access to the linear insulin precursors in good yield from two readily prepared segments.	Esters	40-45	insulin	Homo sapiens	134-141
30074382-5	2018	The residual is intended to be oxidized with a more stable ester group with the assistant of PrOx, weakening the electron-withdrawing characteristic during the thermal bias stress.	Esters	59-64	pyruvate dehydrogenase complex component X	Homo sapiens	93-97
28967291-5	2018	Acyl glucuronides are effectively esters, which undergo first order decomposition by both hydrolysis and the intra-migration of the acyl group around the glucuronide ring to yield 2-, 3- and 4-O-glucuronic acid esters which, unlike the metabolically formed 1-O-acyl-beta-d-glucuronides, are not substrates for beta-glucuronidase.	Esters	34-40	glucuronidase beta	Homo sapiens	310-328
30154260-0	2018	Polygenic Analysis in Absence of Major Effector ATF1 Unveils Novel Components in Yeast Flavor Ester Biosynthesis.	Esters	94-99	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-52
30005569-4	2018	The biological activity of hBMP-6 was unleashed by hydrolysis of the surface siloxane and ester bonds.	Esters	90-95	bone morphogenetic protein 6	Homo sapiens	27-33
31459000-2	2018	The PDI-pfp comprises three functional moieties: perylene tetracarboxylic diimide as fluorescent backbone, poly(ethylene glycol) for providing good water disperse ability, and pentafluorophenol active ester as the reactive group under physiological condition.	Esters	201-206	peptidyl arginine deiminase 1	Homo sapiens	4-7
31459000-3	2018	On the basis of covalent reaction between the active ester group of PDI-pfp and amine groups on cytomembrane, PDI-pfp can rapidly interact with cytomembrane, followed by uptake by living MCF-7 cells within 1 min and also exhibit low cell cytotoxicity.	Esters	53-58	peptidyl arginine deiminase 1	Homo sapiens	68-71
31459000-3	2018	On the basis of covalent reaction between the active ester group of PDI-pfp and amine groups on cytomembrane, PDI-pfp can rapidly interact with cytomembrane, followed by uptake by living MCF-7 cells within 1 min and also exhibit low cell cytotoxicity.	Esters	53-58	peptidyl arginine deiminase 1	Homo sapiens	110-113
30023992-2	2018	When the ester group in ADA2+ was hydrolyzed to a carboxyl group, the quaternary ammonium chain with a positive charge in ADA2+ converted to a "zwitterionic" structure, and the controlled binding and release of pDNA was realized.	Esters	9-14	transcriptional adaptor 2A	Homo sapiens	24-28
30023992-2	2018	When the ester group in ADA2+ was hydrolyzed to a carboxyl group, the quaternary ammonium chain with a positive charge in ADA2+ converted to a "zwitterionic" structure, and the controlled binding and release of pDNA was realized.	Esters	9-14	transcriptional adaptor 2A	Homo sapiens	122-126
30083689-4	2018	As a result a new family of isocyanides bearing a fragment of beta3-amino acids with different functional groups (amides, esters and short peptides) was obtained.	Esters	122-128	eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 beta 2 pseudogene 2	Homo sapiens	62-67
29966864-1	2018	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is a plasma enzyme that hydrolyzes ghrelin and bioactive esters, suggesting a role in modulating metabolism.	Esters	86-92	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-21
29966864-1	2018	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is a plasma enzyme that hydrolyzes ghrelin and bioactive esters, suggesting a role in modulating metabolism.	Esters	86-92	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	23-27
29242126-2	2018	Prohibitin 1(PHB) that controls the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and present on the activated lymphocytes have significance in the therapy of MS as esters of fumaric acid that regulates ROS is in phase II/III clinical trials.	Esters	149-155	prohibitin 1	Homo sapiens	13-16
31559109-7	2018	This study demonstrates the efficacy of a structure-guided engineering effort towards a WS/DGAT variant with preference towards wax esters of desired lengths.	Esters	132-138	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
29730261-2	2018	Herein, acid-degradable nanogels were prepared by cross-linking methacrylated soy protein with an acid-labile ortho ester cross-linker (NG1), and then modified with lactobionic acid (LA) to give tumor-targeted nanogels (NG2).	Esters	116-121	interleukin 19	Homo sapiens	136-139
29730261-3	2018	Both NG1 and NG2 displayed excellent stability in neutral environment, while showed pH-triggered degradation behaviors under mildly acidic conditions resulting from the breakage of ortho ester bonds.	Esters	187-192	interleukin 19	Homo sapiens	5-8
29730261-3	2018	Both NG1 and NG2 displayed excellent stability in neutral environment, while showed pH-triggered degradation behaviors under mildly acidic conditions resulting from the breakage of ortho ester bonds.	Esters	187-192	chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4	Homo sapiens	13-16
29532357-6	2018	Furthermore, the DDDS combines the diffusion drug delivery (FDAc or PTX) and the chemical controlled drug release, VEGF via hydrolysable ester bonds, without loss in quantity and quality of the drug release curves.	Esters	137-142	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	115-119
29722529-3	2018	The implanting of an ester group in the lipophilic moiety of capsaicinoids by the Passerini multicomponent reaction affords both agonists and antagonists that retain transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel (TRPV1) modulating activity and, at the same time, are susceptible to hydrolysis.	Esters	21-26	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	216-221
31559109-3	2018	An expedient route for wax-ester biocatalysis may be facilitated by the action of enzymes termed wax ester synthases/diacylglycerol acyltransferases (WS/DGAT), which produce wax esters using fatty acids and alcohols as a precursor.	Esters	27-32	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
31559109-3	2018	An expedient route for wax-ester biocatalysis may be facilitated by the action of enzymes termed wax ester synthases/diacylglycerol acyltransferases (WS/DGAT), which produce wax esters using fatty acids and alcohols as a precursor.	Esters	101-106	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
31559109-3	2018	An expedient route for wax-ester biocatalysis may be facilitated by the action of enzymes termed wax ester synthases/diacylglycerol acyltransferases (WS/DGAT), which produce wax esters using fatty acids and alcohols as a precursor.	Esters	178-184	diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	153-157
30003005-6	2018	To answer this question, the combined NMR spectroscopy/DFT study revealed that the advantageous binding properties of the SA-PBA complex arise from ester bonding involving the alpha-carboxylate moieties (C1 and C2) of beta-SA but not alpha-SA.	Esters	148-153	T cell receptor gamma constant 1	Homo sapiens	204-213
29644852-3	2018	We improved the ester contents in a mezcal beverage by using the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus, which was engineered with the ATF1 gene.	Esters	16-21	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	126-130
29644852-7	2018	Correlation analysis showed that the fruitiness/sweetness description of the mezcal produced using the ATF1-engineered K. marxianus yeast correlated with the content of the esters, whose presence improved the organoleptic properties of the craft mezcal beverage.	Esters	173-179	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	103-107
29503023-5	2018	It was found that the hydrolytic rates greatly change depending on the steric hindrance and stereochemistry of the ester in HLM, HIM and hCES1 solutions.	Esters	115-120	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	137-142
29421708-2	2018	Among all identified hCEs, human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2) plays crucial roles in the metabolic activation of ester drugs including irinotecan and flutamide.	Esters	41-46	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	53-57
29543451-2	2018	The potency of NOD in activating TRPV1 was significantly higher compared with those of variants in which the ortho-dihydroxy groups were acetylated, one of the hydroxy groups was omitted ( N-octanoyl tyramine), or the ester functionality consisted of a bulky fatty acid ( N-pivaloyl dopamine).	Esters	218-223	transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Homo sapiens	33-38
29339442-6	2018	RESULTS: The ester formed between palmitic acid and 4-propyl-8-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin (P-PMHC) was found to be &gt;98% selective for LAL in DBS based on the sensitivity of its activity to the LAL-specific inactivator Lalistat-2 and the fact that the activity was close to zero using DBS from patients previously shown to be LAL-deficient.	Esters	13-18	lipase A, lysosomal acid type	Homo sapiens	135-138
29339442-6	2018	RESULTS: The ester formed between palmitic acid and 4-propyl-8-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin (P-PMHC) was found to be &gt;98% selective for LAL in DBS based on the sensitivity of its activity to the LAL-specific inactivator Lalistat-2 and the fact that the activity was close to zero using DBS from patients previously shown to be LAL-deficient.	Esters	13-18	lipase A, lysosomal acid type	Homo sapiens	194-197
29360536-0	2018	Synthesis and cytotoxic effect of pregnenolone derivatives with one or two alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyls and an ester moiety at C-21 or C-3.	Esters	115-120	TBL1X/Y related 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
29580622-2	2018	Based on the cleavage site of the ester linkage in the substrate phospholipids, phospholipases are classified into four major types, phospholipase A (PLA), phospholipase B (PLB), phospholipase C (PLC), and phospholipase D (PLD), which are further classified into various subtypes.	Esters	34-39	phospholipase A and acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	133-148
29580622-2	2018	Based on the cleavage site of the ester linkage in the substrate phospholipids, phospholipases are classified into four major types, phospholipase A (PLA), phospholipase B (PLB), phospholipase C (PLC), and phospholipase D (PLD), which are further classified into various subtypes.	Esters	34-39	phospholipase A and acyltransferase 1	Homo sapiens	150-153
29514688-1	2018	The plasmalogens are a class of glycerophospholipids which contain a vinyl-ether and an ester bond at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, respectively, in the glycerol backbone.	Esters	88-93	solute carrier family 38 member 3	Homo sapiens	106-110
29514688-1	2018	The plasmalogens are a class of glycerophospholipids which contain a vinyl-ether and an ester bond at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, respectively, in the glycerol backbone.	Esters	88-93	solute carrier family 38 member 5	Homo sapiens	115-119
29527402-1	2018	We report the alkynylation of C(sp2)-H bonds with bromoalkynes (inverse-Sonogashira reaction) directed by synthetically useful ester, ketone, and ether groups under rhodium catalysis.	Esters	127-132	Sp2 transcription factor	Homo sapiens	30-35
29355013-0	2018	Interaction between Ester-Type Tea Catechins and Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin: Inhibitory Mechanism.	Esters	20-25	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	49-91
29535625-1	2018	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a plasma enzyme that hydrolyses the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine relatively well, with far lower efficiency than acetylcholinesterase (AChE) but with the capability to degrade a broad range of bioactive esters.	Esters	236-242	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-21
29535625-1	2018	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a plasma enzyme that hydrolyses the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine relatively well, with far lower efficiency than acetylcholinesterase (AChE) but with the capability to degrade a broad range of bioactive esters.	Esters	236-242	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	23-27
29535625-1	2018	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a plasma enzyme that hydrolyses the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine relatively well, with far lower efficiency than acetylcholinesterase (AChE) but with the capability to degrade a broad range of bioactive esters.	Esters	236-242	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	146-166
29535625-1	2018	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a plasma enzyme that hydrolyses the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine relatively well, with far lower efficiency than acetylcholinesterase (AChE) but with the capability to degrade a broad range of bioactive esters.	Esters	236-242	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	168-172
31457944-1	2018	The conversion of troponyl alkylglycinate acid/ester/amide derivatives (Trag acid/ester/amide) into cationic troponyl lactones (CTLs) in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid and their amidation with amines is described.	Esters	47-52	WD repeat domain 7	Homo sapiens	72-76
29336090-1	2018	By complexing a bent phosphonate monoester ligand with cobalt(II), coupled with in situ ester hydrolysis, coordination microspheres (CALS=CALgary Sphere) are formed whereas the use of the phosphonic acid directly resulted in a sheet-like structure.	Esters	37-42	carbonic anhydrase 8	Homo sapiens	133-137
31457944-3	2018	The direct amidation of Trag esters with the amino group of amino acid esters/peptide esters via CTLs is achieved.	Esters	29-35	WD repeat domain 7	Homo sapiens	24-28
31457944-5	2018	The Trag amide bond is stable under basic ester hydrolysis and Fmoc removal conditions.	Esters	42-47	WD repeat domain 7	Homo sapiens	4-8
29275232-4	2018	Surprisingly, the in-vitro assay of the ester 7h and its acid analogue 10 showed a significant variation of results between the antiproliferative activity against A549 cell line (IC50 0.5 and 21.4 muM) respectively and EGFR inhibitory activity (18% and 100%) respectively, suggesting that 7h might be a prodrug for 10.	Esters	40-45	latexin	Homo sapiens	197-200
29410655-8	2018	Overall, we have shown that MacroD1 is a mitochondrial protein with promiscuous enzymatic activity that can target the ester bonds of ADP-ribosylated phosphorylated double-stranded DNA ends.	Esters	119-124	mono-ADP ribosylhydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	28-35
29275232-4	2018	Surprisingly, the in-vitro assay of the ester 7h and its acid analogue 10 showed a significant variation of results between the antiproliferative activity against A549 cell line (IC50 0.5 and 21.4 muM) respectively and EGFR inhibitory activity (18% and 100%) respectively, suggesting that 7h might be a prodrug for 10.	Esters	40-45	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	219-223
29487891-5	2018	Design and methods: Phospholipase A1 (PLA1) hydrolyzes ester (acyl) bond at the sn-1 position of glycerophospholipids, but it does not act on ether bond at the sn-1 position.	Esters	55-60	lipase H	Homo sapiens	20-36
29487891-5	2018	Design and methods: Phospholipase A1 (PLA1) hydrolyzes ester (acyl) bond at the sn-1 position of glycerophospholipids, but it does not act on ether bond at the sn-1 position.	Esters	55-60	lipase H	Homo sapiens	38-42
28599176-3	2017	This developed immunosensor was prepared on hydroxy-bearing ITO surface via an ester bond linkage of polymer P3 to immobilize anti-TNF alpha antibodies.	Esters	79-84	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	131-140
29709907-1	2018	Carboxylesterase 2 (CES2), which is a member of the serine hydrolase superfamily, is primarily expressed in the human small intestine, where it plays an important role in the metabolism of ester-containing drugs.	Esters	8-13	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	20-24
29709907-2	2018	Therefore, to facilitate continued progress in ester-containing drug development, it is crucial to evaluate how CES2-mediated hydrolysis influences its intestinal permeability characteristics.	Esters	47-52	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	112-116
29709907-10	2018	Collectively, based on our results clearly showing that CES2/Caco-2CES1KD cells carry the human intestinal-type CES expression profile, while concomitantly retaining their barrier properties, it can be expected that this cell line will provide a promising in vitro model for ester-containing drug permeability studies.	Esters	275-280	carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	56-60
30416243-3	2018	Total ester content decreased linearly with the increase in absorbed dose, causing FAME not to meet the requirement of PN-EN 14214 concerning the ester content (96.5 wt%).	Esters	6-11	benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy 1	Homo sapiens	83-87
30381053-4	2018	Chemically crosslinked insulin analogs have been reported where two amines are covalently linked by reaction with symmetrical bifunctional active esters.	Esters	146-152	insulin	Homo sapiens	23-30
29030428-6	2017	Functional studies of site-directed mutants revealed that loss of latch interactions or the entire lid enhanced activity against soluble ester substrates, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry revealed that the LCAT lid is extremely dynamic in solution.	Esters	137-142	lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	229-233
28982086-6	2018	When NER@3DOM/m-OS was used repeatedly in batch reactions, the ester yields of n-butyl, octyl, and dodecyl levulinate could retain 46.18%, 82.33% and 81.25% after 9 reaction cycles, respectively, which was better than commercial lipase Novozym 435 under the same condition.	Esters	63-68	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	229-235
29109151-8	2017	Biochemically, Rrh-/- mice had ~2-fold higher vitamin A (all-trans-retinol (all-trans-ROL)) in the neural retina following a photobleach and 5-fold lower retinyl esters in the RPE.	Esters	162-168	retinal pigment epithelium derived rhodopsin homolog	Mus musculus	15-18
28872703-5	2017	The esters LINS04006 and LINS04005 did not affect the synaptic evoked activity.	Esters	4-10	lines homolog 1	Rattus norvegicus	11-15
28501601-2	2017	The results showed that the inter-molecular interactions or hydrogen bond formation by increasing length of carbon chain or introducing benzene ring to the 4-functionalized ester group promoted or stabilized formation of complexes between modifier and tyrosinase, and enhanced the inhibitory activity of modifiers.	Esters	173-178	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	252-262
28757372-2	2017	One innovation was to couple C3b onto the magnetic agarose bead using the alternative pathway C3 convertase, which resulted in a linkage of the ligand by a covalent ester bond.	Esters	165-170	complement C3	Homo sapiens	29-32
29064449-7	2017	Interestingly, these aromatic esters were found to exhibit relatively higher binding affinities to OAMB than the receptor"s natural agonist, octopamine.	Esters	30-36	Octopamine receptor in mushroom bodies	Drosophila melanogaster	99-103
28266174-2	2017	Over the last few years, our group has been engaged in the synthesis of phosphonyl/sulfonylpyrazoles and pyrazole esters by employing Bestmann-Ohira Reagent (BOR) and its sulfur and ester analogs as 1,3-dipole precursors with various dipolarophiles.	Esters	114-119	cell division cycle associated 8	Homo sapiens	134-162
29138773-6	2017	It is reasonable to conclude that not only the van der Waals forces but also the dipole-dipole interactions from both the fluorenone cores and the ester alkoxy chains play critical roles in the self-assemblies of BAF-Cn.	Esters	147-152	BAF nuclear assembly factor 1	Homo sapiens	213-216
29143006-3	2017	In contrast, the control molecule PDI-2, containing an ester group does not show aggregation even in decalin, indicating that H-bonding among the carboxylic acid is primarily responsible for H-aggregation, which is further verified by the FT-IR study.	Esters	55-60	peptidyl arginine deiminase 2	Homo sapiens	34-39
28974761-2	2017	A carboxylesterase, specifically expressed in Drosophila antennae, called "juvenile hormone esterase duplication (JHEdup)" has been previously reported to hydrolyse different fruit esters in vitro.	Esters	181-187	Juvenile hormone esterase	Drosophila melanogaster	75-100
28974761-2	2017	A carboxylesterase, specifically expressed in Drosophila antennae, called "juvenile hormone esterase duplication (JHEdup)" has been previously reported to hydrolyse different fruit esters in vitro.	Esters	181-187	Juvenile hormone esterase duplication	Drosophila melanogaster	114-120
28974761-4	2017	We show that the jhedup gene is highly expressed in large basiconic sensilla that have been reported to detect several food esters.	Esters	124-130	Juvenile hormone esterase duplication	Drosophila melanogaster	17-23
28718057-7	2017	Treatment with SA-S13E significantly increased the ester content and sensory quality of wine.	Esters	51-56	ribosomal protein S13	Homo sapiens	15-22
29375048-2	2017	The enzyme adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) initiates lipolysis of TG by hydrolyzing the first ester bond of the compound.	Esters	97-102	patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2	Rattus norvegicus	11-38
29375048-2	2017	The enzyme adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) initiates lipolysis of TG by hydrolyzing the first ester bond of the compound.	Esters	97-102	patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
28938789-11	2017	In conclusion, phytase can effectively degrade IP6 to lower esters and increase P utilization.	Esters	60-66	G protein regulated inducer of neurite outgrowth 2	Gallus gallus	47-50
28501436-1	2017	Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is an intracellular neutral lipase capable of hydrolysing a variety of esters and is considered to be a candidate gene affecting fat deposition traits.	Esters	102-108	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Bos taurus	0-24
28501436-1	2017	Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is an intracellular neutral lipase capable of hydrolysing a variety of esters and is considered to be a candidate gene affecting fat deposition traits.	Esters	102-108	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Bos taurus	26-29
28380280-8	2017	AATs from ripe strawberry (SAAT1) and tomato (SlAAT1) fruit can also utilise p-coumaryl and coniferyl alcohols, indicating that ripening-related AATs are likely to link volatile ester and phenylpropene production in many different fruit.	Esters	178-183	alcohol acyl transferase	Solanum lycopersicum	46-52
28497697-4	2017	Scaffolds based on the plant lipid droplet protein oleosin and cohesin-dockerin interaction pairs recruited upstream enzymes in yeast ester biosynthesis to the native localization of the terminal reaction step, alcohol-O-acetyltransferase (Atf1).	Esters	134-139	alcohol O-acetyltransferase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	240-244
28433899-4	2017	Finally, economically sustainable biofuel production was achieved providing high ester yield (&lt;97%) along with augmented concentration (3.35M) in the reaction mixtures at relatively short esterification times, whereas the immobilized lipase maintained over 90% of its initial esterifying ability after reused for ten cycles.	Esters	81-86	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	237-243
28762722-3	2017	Recently, we reported the occurrence of stable LPO-like counterparts with two heme to protein ester linkages in bacteria.	Esters	94-99	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	47-50
28718636-3	2017	We evaluated C4, C14, C16, and C18 alkyl esters of p-coumaric, ferulic, sinapic, and caffeic acids (19 compounds) for their cytotoxic activity against four human cancer cells and also examined their effect on cell cycle alteration and apoptosis induction.	Esters	41-47	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	31-34
28570027-6	2017	We identified two P-gp substrates, a P-gp inhibitor, and three ester derivatives that were active on BCRP, which opens a new scenario in the development of ligands active toward this pump.	Esters	63-68	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	18-22
28570027-6	2017	We identified two P-gp substrates, a P-gp inhibitor, and three ester derivatives that were active on BCRP, which opens a new scenario in the development of ligands active toward this pump.	Esters	63-68	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Homo sapiens	101-105
28698452-1	2017	Recent research shows that butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is not simply a liver enzyme that detoxifies bioactive esters in food and medications.	Esters	111-117	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	27-48
28698452-1	2017	Recent research shows that butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is not simply a liver enzyme that detoxifies bioactive esters in food and medications.	Esters	111-117	butyrylcholinesterase	Mus musculus	50-54
28410869-6	2017	Among ester derivatives, compound 13 was determined to be a more potent NF-kappaB inhibitor and Nrf2 activator than its parent, 7-hydroxy-3,4-dihydrocadalene (1).	Esters	6-11	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	72-81
27829553-3	2017	Then the crow ester of AbC was covalently coupled with 5"-COOH on the molecule beacon, and served as a platform to attach the Cu2+ by coordination with ether bond (-O-) of the crown cycle.	Esters	14-19	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (Langereis blood group)	Homo sapiens	23-26
30108853-3	2017	A docking study of the most active compound 5Y8 revealed key interactions between 5Y8 and the active site of NF-kappaB in which the functionalized amide moiety at the C-28 position and an ester group at the C-3 position were important for improving the activity.	Esters	188-193	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	109-118
28530271-1	2017	A new class of chiral organic molecules was synthesized with CPL properties based on helical aromatic esters.	Esters	102-108	hephaestin	Homo sapiens	61-64
28442677-5	2017	Confirming this "selective" toxicity, these esters are still capable of blocking the kinase PAK1 strongly in cell culture (with IC50 around 5 microM), and the anti-PAK1 activity of 15A (ARC ester) and 15C (CA ester) appears to be 30-fold and 140-fold higher than ARC and CA, respectively.	Esters	44-50	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Mus musculus	92-96
28442677-5	2017	Confirming this "selective" toxicity, these esters are still capable of blocking the kinase PAK1 strongly in cell culture (with IC50 around 5 microM), and the anti-PAK1 activity of 15A (ARC ester) and 15C (CA ester) appears to be 30-fold and 140-fold higher than ARC and CA, respectively.	Esters	44-50	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Mus musculus	164-168
28442677-5	2017	Confirming this "selective" toxicity, these esters are still capable of blocking the kinase PAK1 strongly in cell culture (with IC50 around 5 microM), and the anti-PAK1 activity of 15A (ARC ester) and 15C (CA ester) appears to be 30-fold and 140-fold higher than ARC and CA, respectively.	Esters	44-49	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Mus musculus	92-96
28442677-5	2017	Confirming this "selective" toxicity, these esters are still capable of blocking the kinase PAK1 strongly in cell culture (with IC50 around 5 microM), and the anti-PAK1 activity of 15A (ARC ester) and 15C (CA ester) appears to be 30-fold and 140-fold higher than ARC and CA, respectively.	Esters	44-49	p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1	Mus musculus	164-168
29353952-6	2017	Complex 1" is catalytically active in the dehydrogenation of formic acid to generate CO-free hydrogen in three consecutive runs as well as for the dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols, giving high conversions to different esters and outperforming structurally related PNN ligands lacking the NOH fragment.	Esters	222-228	pinin, desmosome associated protein	Homo sapiens	268-271
27943242-3	2017	Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) HCP that functions to hydrolyze esters in triglycerides-was one of ten HCPs identified in previous studies as being susceptible to retention in downstream processing.	Esters	87-93	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lipoprotein lipase	Cricetulus griseus	0-18
27943242-3	2017	Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) HCP that functions to hydrolyze esters in triglycerides-was one of ten HCPs identified in previous studies as being susceptible to retention in downstream processing.	Esters	87-93	LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lipoprotein lipase	Cricetulus griseus	20-23
28393888-2	2017	Here we show esterase 6 has relatively high activity against many of the short-mid chain food esters, but negligible activity against cis-vaccenyl acetate.	Esters	94-100	Esterase 6	Drosophila melanogaster	13-23
28393888-3	2017	The crystal structure of esterase 6 confirms its substrate-binding site can accommodate many short-mid chain food esters but not cis-vaccenyl acetate.	Esters	114-120	Esterase 6	Drosophila melanogaster	25-35
28393888-6	2017	Our data support a model in which esterase 6 acts as a direct odorant degrading enzyme for many bioactive food esters, but not cis-vaccenyl acetate.	Esters	111-117	Esterase 6	Drosophila melanogaster	34-44
28344083-3	2017	Here, we performed an unbiased biochemical screen and identified that SMO was covalently modified by cholesterol on the Asp95 (D95) residue through an ester bond.	Esters	105-110	smoothened, frizzled class receptor	Mus musculus	70-73
28319392-3	2017	C2-(5-Halothien-2-yl)-ethynyl 5"-methyl 9 (MRS7292) and 5"-ethyl 10 (MRS7232) esters enhanced binding at DAT (EC50 ~ 35 nM) and at the norepinephrine transporter (NET).	Esters	76-84	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	105-108
28319392-3	2017	C2-(5-Halothien-2-yl)-ethynyl 5"-methyl 9 (MRS7292) and 5"-ethyl 10 (MRS7232) esters enhanced binding at DAT (EC50 ~ 35 nM) and at the norepinephrine transporter (NET).	Esters	76-84	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, noradrenalin), member 2	Mus musculus	135-161
28500718-1	2017	The RPE65 protein of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) enables the conversion of retinyl esters to the visual pigment chromophore 11-cis retinal.	Esters	92-98	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	4-9
28500718-3	2017	Large amounts of esters accumulate in Rpe65-/- mice, indicating their continuous formation when 11-cis retinal generation is blocked.	Esters	17-23	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	38-43
28500718-7	2017	In C57BL/6 mice however, which contain less Rpe65 protein, dark adaptation was accompanied by an increase in ester levels compared to cyclic light controls.	Esters	109-114	retinal pigment epithelium 65	Mus musculus	44-49
28044206-12	2017	The high-resolution CRMP-2 structure was also used for docking experiments with the sulfur amino acid metabolite lanthionine ketimine and its ester.	Esters	142-147	dihydropyrimidinase like 2	Homo sapiens	20-26
28282136-1	2017	We recently reported a bis(imino)pyridine (or pyridine diimine, PDI) manganese precatalyst, (Ph2PPrPDI)Mn (1), that is active for the hydrosilylation of ketones and dihydrosilylation of esters.	Esters	186-192	prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta	Homo sapiens	64-67
28212043-1	2017	CBr4 has been employed as a halogen bond donor catalyst for the selective activation of aldehyde, to achieve an efficient solvent- and metal-free C C bond forming reaction in the presence of strong acid sensitive groups such as methoxy, cyanide, ester, and ketal for the synthesis of alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones.	Esters	246-251	carbonyl reductase 4	Homo sapiens	0-4
28507582-1	2017	INTRODUCTION: Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is involved in the metabolism of endogenous lipids and xenobiotics, such as esters of carboxylic or phosphoric acids.	Esters	119-125	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	14-35
28507582-1	2017	INTRODUCTION: Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is involved in the metabolism of endogenous lipids and xenobiotics, such as esters of carboxylic or phosphoric acids.	Esters	119-125	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	37-41
28363936-2	2017	A co-crystal structure of the rabbit family 4 enzyme CYP4B1 with its substrate octane reveals that the propensity for omega-hydroxylation is orchestrated by active-site sterics, partially mediated by an unusual heme-polypeptide ester bond.	Esters	228-233	cytochrome P450 4B1	Oryctolagus cuniculus	53-59
32625434-0	2017	Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 7, Revision 5 (FGE.07Rev5): saturated and unsaturated aliphatic secondary alcohols, ketones and esters of secondary alcohols and saturated linear or branched-chain carboxylic acids from chemical group 5.	Esters	146-152	sulfatase modifying factor 1	Homo sapiens	65-68
28163251-4	2017	In this study, to determine whether overexpression of carboxylesterase (CES), which degrades ester-group and amide-group, attenuates the cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR, we generated the HEK293-OATP1B3/CES2 double-transfected cells.	Esters	62-67	carboxylesterase 2H	Mus musculus	201-205
28126414-1	2017	Mammalian carboxylesterases (CEs) are important serine hydrolases catalyzing the hydrolysis of ester- or amide-containing compounds into the corresponding alcohols and carboxylic acids.	Esters	18-23	cat eye syndrome chromosome region	Homo sapiens	29-32
28089692-5	2017	A significant reduction of ester derivatives of OA and an increase of OA were observed in the bioaccessible fraction of mussel samples, suggesting that DTX3 undergo conversion into their more toxic parent compounds during human digestion.	Esters	27-32	deltex E3 ubiquitin ligase 3	Homo sapiens	152-156
27986533-3	2017	In the mature LPO, the heme moiety is linked to protein through two ester bonds with highly conserved glutamate and aspartate residues.	Esters	68-73	lactoperoxidase	Bos taurus	14-17
28126414-3	2017	hCE1 is known to play crucial roles in the metabolism of a wide variety of endogenous esters, clinical drugs and insecticides, while hCE2 plays a key role in the metabolic activation of anticancer agents including irinotecan and capecitabine.	Esters	86-92	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
28126414-4	2017	The key roles of hCEs in both human health and xenobiotic metabolism arouse great interest in the discovery of potent and selective hCEs inhibitors to modulate endobiotic metabolism or to improve the outcomes of patients administrated with ester drugs.	Esters	240-245	cat eye syndrome chromosome region	Homo sapiens	17-21
28126414-4	2017	The key roles of hCEs in both human health and xenobiotic metabolism arouse great interest in the discovery of potent and selective hCEs inhibitors to modulate endobiotic metabolism or to improve the outcomes of patients administrated with ester drugs.	Esters	240-245	cat eye syndrome chromosome region	Homo sapiens	132-136
28034315-3	2017	This Ireland-Claisen rearrangement delivered approximate 1:1 mixtures of syn/anti diastereoisomers due to tiny differences (&lt;0.5 kcal/mol) both in the energy of (Z)/(E)-isomeric ester enolates and in the alternative Zimmerman-Traxler transition states of model compounds as shown by DFT calculations.	Esters	181-186	synemin	Homo sapiens	73-76
28456765-1	2017	For 40 years, the enzyme hormone sensitive lipase was considered to hydrolyze the first ester bond of the triacylglycerol moiety and thus initiate hydrolysis.	Esters	88-93	lipase E, hormone sensitive type	Homo sapiens	25-49
32625258-0	2017	Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 63, Revision 3 (FGE.63Rev3): aliphatic secondary alcohols, ketones and related esters evaluated by JECFA (59th and 69th meetings) structurally related to saturated and unsaturated aliphatic secondary alcohols, ketones and esters of secondary alcohols and saturated linear or branched-chain carboxylic acids evaluated by EFSA in FGE.07Rev4.	Esters	129-135	sulfatase modifying factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-69
32625258-0	2017	Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 63, Revision 3 (FGE.63Rev3): aliphatic secondary alcohols, ketones and related esters evaluated by JECFA (59th and 69th meetings) structurally related to saturated and unsaturated aliphatic secondary alcohols, ketones and esters of secondary alcohols and saturated linear or branched-chain carboxylic acids evaluated by EFSA in FGE.07Rev4.	Esters	129-135	REV3 like, DNA directed polymerase zeta catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	72-76
32625258-0	2017	Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 63, Revision 3 (FGE.63Rev3): aliphatic secondary alcohols, ketones and related esters evaluated by JECFA (59th and 69th meetings) structurally related to saturated and unsaturated aliphatic secondary alcohols, ketones and esters of secondary alcohols and saturated linear or branched-chain carboxylic acids evaluated by EFSA in FGE.07Rev4.	Esters	272-278	sulfatase modifying factor 1	Homo sapiens	66-69
28026940-1	2017	Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a native lactonase capable of promiscuously hydrolyzing a broad range of substrates, including organophosphates, esters, and carbonates.	Esters	143-149	paraoxonase 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
27614044-1	2016	The refolding of urea denatured horse heart cytochrome c (h-cyt-c) under the influence of ester based cationic gemini surfactants [ethane-1, 2-diyl bis(N, N-dimethyl-N-alkylammoniumacetoxy) dichlorides] 16-E2-16, 14-E2-14 and 12-E2-12 (n-E2-n) was performed by using UV-visible, fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic techniques.	Esters	90-95	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	44-56
28117203-7	2017	It completely blocks the catalytic assembly of CEase and prevents it to participate in ester hydrolysis mechanism.	Esters	87-92	carboxyl ester lipase	Homo sapiens	47-52
27894770-8	2017	PC-3 resembles PC-1 except for an ester instead of amide at the sn-1 position, because of which it is more similar to natural phospholipids than PC-1.	Esters	34-39	chromobox 8	Homo sapiens	0-4
27894770-9	2017	It was designed to elucidate the effect of replacing the ester group with amide by comparing its hydrolysis rate with that of PC-1.	Esters	57-62	polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting	Homo sapiens	126-130
29911769-1	2017	Carboxylesterase 1 (CE1) is an important serine hydrolase in mammals, which involved in the hydrolysis of a variety of compounds (endogenous substrates like cholesterol and xenobiotic compounds like ester-contain drugs and pesticides).	Esters	8-13	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	20-23
29911769-4	2017	After then, reaction phenotyping assays and chemical inhibition assays were used to evaluate the selectivity of these four ester derivatives towards hCE1.	Esters	123-128	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	149-153
29911769-5	2017	Our results clearly demonstrated that the substrate specificity of these ester substrates towards hCE1 would be improved with the decrease of the alcohol group on BODIPY-8-carboxylesters, while BODIPY-8-carboxylesters with small alcohol groups including methyl (BCM) and ethyl (BCE) esters could serve as the ideal probe substrates for hCE1.	Esters	73-78	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	98-102
29911769-5	2017	Our results clearly demonstrated that the substrate specificity of these ester substrates towards hCE1 would be improved with the decrease of the alcohol group on BODIPY-8-carboxylesters, while BODIPY-8-carboxylesters with small alcohol groups including methyl (BCM) and ethyl (BCE) esters could serve as the ideal probe substrates for hCE1.	Esters	73-78	carboxylesterase 1	Homo sapiens	336-340
27534413-1	2017	The aim of this study was to develop simple and efficient method for immobilization of Candida antarctica lipase B onto hydrophobic anion exchange resin Purolite  MN102 and to apply immobilized catalyst for the enzymatic synthesis of two valuable esters-isoamyl acetate and L-ascorbyl oleate.	Esters	247-253	PAN0_003d1715	Moesziomyces antarcticus	106-112
27690363-2	2016	The combination of Mn(CO)5 Br with [HN(CH2 CH2 P(Et)2 )2 ] leads to a mixture of cationic and neutral Mn PNP pincer complexes, which enable the reduction of various ester substrates, including aromatic and aliphatic esters as well as diesters and lactones.	Esters	165-170	endothelin 2	Homo sapiens	39-56
27709287-3	2016	by GC-MS analysis, while only heterocyclic compounds, ketones, and esters were detected in the effluent after HA-A/O treatment.	Esters	67-73	3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase	Homo sapiens	110-116
27934468-4	2016	C-O bond cleavage also took place when this peptide was treated with PPh3, PBu3, or PMe3; however, in these cases, C-O bond cleavage occurred via either triazole formation and/or hydrolysis of the ester bond in the iminophosphorane intermediate to give betaines.	Esters	197-202	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
27653310-1	2016	5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and its methylated ester (MAL) are the most common topical agents used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) as precursors of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX).	Esters	47-52	myelin and lymphocyte protein, T cell differentiation protein	Mus musculus	54-57
26915976-1	2016	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has long been regarded as an "orphan enzyme" with no specific physiological role other than to metabolize exogenous bioactive esters in the diet or in medicines.	Esters	155-161	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	23-27
27886056-6	2016	Muscat Tchervine harvested grapes contained less C6 aldehydes and the most abundant esters, which corresponded to very low VvLOXA and VvHPL1 expression abundance as well as high VvAAT transcript in this variety.	Esters	84-90	lipoxygenase	Vitis vinifera	123-129
26915976-1	2016	Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has long been regarded as an "orphan enzyme" with no specific physiological role other than to metabolize exogenous bioactive esters in the diet or in medicines.	Esters	155-161	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	0-21
27886056-8	2016	Gewurztraminer and Chardonnay grapes had high aldehydes and alcohols as well as low esters, which were resulted from their higher expression level of VvLOXA or VvHPL1 and lower VvAAT.	Esters	84-90	lipoxygenase	Vitis vinifera	150-156
27720555-0	2016	Structure-based design of ester compounds to inhibit MLL complex catalytic activity by targeting mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1)-WDR5 interaction.	Esters	26-31	lysine methyltransferase 2A	Homo sapiens	53-56
27682215-5	2016	The formed complexes could release the parent drug demethylcantharate and Akt1 shRNA through the hydrolysis of ester bonds.	Esters	111-116	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	74-78
27720555-0	2016	Structure-based design of ester compounds to inhibit MLL complex catalytic activity by targeting mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1)-WDR5 interaction.	Esters	26-31	lysine methyltransferase 2A	Homo sapiens	97-121
27720555-0	2016	Structure-based design of ester compounds to inhibit MLL complex catalytic activity by targeting mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1)-WDR5 interaction.	Esters	26-31	lysine methyltransferase 2A	Homo sapiens	123-127
27720555-0	2016	Structure-based design of ester compounds to inhibit MLL complex catalytic activity by targeting mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1)-WDR5 interaction.	Esters	26-31	WD repeat domain 5	Homo sapiens	129-133
27720555-3	2016	Based on the structure of reported inhibitor WDR5-0103, a class of ester compounds were designed and synthetized to disturb MLL1-WDR5 PPI.	Esters	67-72	WD repeat domain 5	Homo sapiens	45-49
27720555-3	2016	Based on the structure of reported inhibitor WDR5-0103, a class of ester compounds were designed and synthetized to disturb MLL1-WDR5 PPI.	Esters	67-72	lysine methyltransferase 2A	Homo sapiens	124-128
27720555-3	2016	Based on the structure of reported inhibitor WDR5-0103, a class of ester compounds were designed and synthetized to disturb MLL1-WDR5 PPI.	Esters	67-72	WD repeat domain 5	Homo sapiens	129-133
27720555-6	2016	Docking model indicated that ester compounds suitably occupied the central cavity of WDR5 protein and recapitulated the interactions of WDR5-0103 and the hydrophobic groups and key amino greatly increased the activity in blocking MLL1-WDR5 PPI.	Esters	29-34	WD repeat domain 5	Homo sapiens	85-89
27720555-6	2016	Docking model indicated that ester compounds suitably occupied the central cavity of WDR5 protein and recapitulated the interactions of WDR5-0103 and the hydrophobic groups and key amino greatly increased the activity in blocking MLL1-WDR5 PPI.	Esters	29-34	WD repeat domain 5	Homo sapiens	136-140
27720555-6	2016	Docking model indicated that ester compounds suitably occupied the central cavity of WDR5 protein and recapitulated the interactions of WDR5-0103 and the hydrophobic groups and key amino greatly increased the activity in blocking MLL1-WDR5 PPI.	Esters	29-34	lysine methyltransferase 2A	Homo sapiens	230-234
27720555-6	2016	Docking model indicated that ester compounds suitably occupied the central cavity of WDR5 protein and recapitulated the interactions of WDR5-0103 and the hydrophobic groups and key amino greatly increased the activity in blocking MLL1-WDR5 PPI.	Esters	29-34	WD repeat domain 5	Homo sapiens	136-140
27314626-0	2016	Design, semisynthesis and cytotoxic activity of novel ester derivatives of betulinic acid-1,2,4 oxadiazoles.	Esters	54-59	mediator complex subunit 25	Homo sapiens	85-95