PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text compound_name comp_offset prot_official_name organism prot_offset 21534971-6 2011 bZIP11 induction results in a reprogramming of metabolism and activation of genes involved in the metabolism of trehalose and other minor carbohydrates such as myo-inositol and raffinose. Raffinose 177-186 G-box binding factor 6 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 20739305-0 2010 Functional identification of Arabidopsis ATSIP2 (At3g57520) as an alkaline alpha-galactosidase with a substrate specificity for raffinose and an apparent sink-specific expression pattern. Raffinose 128-137 seed imbibition 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 41-47 21350333-1 2011 Unlike many mutants that are completely viable or inviable, the CLB2-dbDelta clb5Delta mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is inviable in glucose but partially viable on slower growth media such as raffinose. Raffinose 197-206 B-type cyclin CLB2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 64-68 20739305-3 2010 Using the Sf9 insect cell expression system, we demonstrate that recombinant ATSIP2 is a genuine alkaline alpha-galactosidase with a distinct substrate specificity for raffinose, and not a raffinose synthase. Raffinose 168-177 seed imbibition 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 77-83 20739305-4 2010 A beta-glucuronidase reporter construct using the ATSIP2 promoter shows that ATSIP2 is strongly expressed in sink tissues of Arabidopsis, i.e. sink leaves and non-xylem parts of the root stele, suggesting a physiological function in raffinose phloem unloading. Raffinose 233-242 seed imbibition 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 50-56 20739305-4 2010 A beta-glucuronidase reporter construct using the ATSIP2 promoter shows that ATSIP2 is strongly expressed in sink tissues of Arabidopsis, i.e. sink leaves and non-xylem parts of the root stele, suggesting a physiological function in raffinose phloem unloading. Raffinose 233-242 seed imbibition 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 77-83 18806212-10 2008 In addition, deletion of other components of the Rim101 pathway, like RIM13 and RIM20, led to the same growth phenotype on raffinose media as deletion of SNF7. Raffinose 123-132 Rim13p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 70-75 18937072-8 2009 After 8 h of incubation, 39% and 70% of raffinose was hydrolyzed with free and immobilized alpha-galactosidase respectively. Raffinose 40-49 alpha galactosidase Glycine max 91-110 19337979-8 2009 Uding chip-based nanoESI MS in negative ion mode, FOS, with degrees of polymerization up to five, were detected in reaction mixtures of Lsc3 with sucrose and raffinose. Raffinose 158-167 glycoside hydrolase family 68 protein Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato str. DC3000 136-140 19956430-11 2009 Cyclosporin A induces nuclear membrane translocation of NFAT-5 in cultured keratinocytes and raffinose (a hypertonicity inducing agent) induces more nuclear localization of NFAT-5 compared to untreated cells. Raffinose 93-102 nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 Homo sapiens 173-179 19956430-14 2009 CsA and raffinose effects on NFAT-5/TonEBP in cultured keratinocytes suggest diverse intracellular signaling pathways for NFAT-5/TonEBP in these cells, and that NFAT-5/TonEBP might function to translate different extracellular stimuli into appropriate functional responses. Raffinose 8-17 nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 Homo sapiens 29-35 19956430-14 2009 CsA and raffinose effects on NFAT-5/TonEBP in cultured keratinocytes suggest diverse intracellular signaling pathways for NFAT-5/TonEBP in these cells, and that NFAT-5/TonEBP might function to translate different extracellular stimuli into appropriate functional responses. Raffinose 8-17 nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 Homo sapiens 36-42 19956430-14 2009 CsA and raffinose effects on NFAT-5/TonEBP in cultured keratinocytes suggest diverse intracellular signaling pathways for NFAT-5/TonEBP in these cells, and that NFAT-5/TonEBP might function to translate different extracellular stimuli into appropriate functional responses. Raffinose 8-17 nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 Homo sapiens 122-128 19956430-14 2009 CsA and raffinose effects on NFAT-5/TonEBP in cultured keratinocytes suggest diverse intracellular signaling pathways for NFAT-5/TonEBP in these cells, and that NFAT-5/TonEBP might function to translate different extracellular stimuli into appropriate functional responses. Raffinose 8-17 nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 Homo sapiens 129-135 19956430-14 2009 CsA and raffinose effects on NFAT-5/TonEBP in cultured keratinocytes suggest diverse intracellular signaling pathways for NFAT-5/TonEBP in these cells, and that NFAT-5/TonEBP might function to translate different extracellular stimuli into appropriate functional responses. Raffinose 8-17 nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 Homo sapiens 122-128 19956430-14 2009 CsA and raffinose effects on NFAT-5/TonEBP in cultured keratinocytes suggest diverse intracellular signaling pathways for NFAT-5/TonEBP in these cells, and that NFAT-5/TonEBP might function to translate different extracellular stimuli into appropriate functional responses. Raffinose 8-17 nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 Homo sapiens 129-135 18806212-10 2008 In addition, deletion of other components of the Rim101 pathway, like RIM13 and RIM20, led to the same growth phenotype on raffinose media as deletion of SNF7. Raffinose 123-132 Rim20p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 80-85 18650262-7 2008 Transport activities for both SMIT1 and SMIT2 exhibited differences in their respective induction profiles for both their sensitivities to raffinose, as well as in their time course of induction. Raffinose 139-148 sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter Canis lupus familiaris 30-35 18008022-0 2007 Amino acids that confer transport of raffinose and maltose sugars in the raffinose permease (RafB) of Escherichia coli as implicated by spontaneous mutations at Val-35, Ser-138, Ser-139, Gly-389 and Ile-391. Raffinose 37-46 hypothetical protein Escherichia coli 93-97 18502973-2 2008 In leaves of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor A2 (HsfA2), the transcription of GolS1, -2, and -4 and raffinose synthase 2 (RS2) was highly induced; thus, levels of galactinol and raffinose increased compared with those in wild-type plants under control growth conditions. Raffinose 157-166 heat shock transcription factor A2 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-104 18502973-2 2008 In leaves of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor A2 (HsfA2), the transcription of GolS1, -2, and -4 and raffinose synthase 2 (RS2) was highly induced; thus, levels of galactinol and raffinose increased compared with those in wild-type plants under control growth conditions. Raffinose 157-166 heat shock transcription factor A2 Arabidopsis thaliana 106-111 18502973-2 2008 In leaves of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor A2 (HsfA2), the transcription of GolS1, -2, and -4 and raffinose synthase 2 (RS2) was highly induced; thus, levels of galactinol and raffinose increased compared with those in wild-type plants under control growth conditions. Raffinose 157-166 seed imbibition 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 179-182 18502973-4 2008 GolS1- or GolS2-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants (Ox-GolS1-11, Ox-GolS2-8, and Ox-GolS2-29) had increased levels of galactinol and raffinose in the leaves compared with wild-type plants under control growth conditions. Raffinose 132-141 galactinol synthase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-5 18502973-4 2008 GolS1- or GolS2-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants (Ox-GolS1-11, Ox-GolS2-8, and Ox-GolS2-29) had increased levels of galactinol and raffinose in the leaves compared with wild-type plants under control growth conditions. Raffinose 132-141 galactinol synthase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 10-15 18008022-11 2007 The apparent K (i) value of maltose for RafB indicates a competitive relationship between maltose and raffinose. Raffinose 102-111 hypothetical protein Escherichia coli 40-44 18008022-13 2007 Thus, we implicate residues in RafB that are responsible for raffinose transport and suggest that the substituted residues in RafB dictate structures that enhance transport of maltose. Raffinose 61-70 hypothetical protein Escherichia coli 31-35 16397765-4 2006 Using HXT promoter-lacZ fusions, we have identified novel conditions under which the HXT17 gene is expressed; HXT17 promoter activity is up-regulated in media containing raffinose and galactose at pH 7.7 versus pH 4.7. Raffinose 170-179 hexose transporter HXT17 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 85-90 17520177-1 2007 The promoters of high-affinity hexose transporter, HXT6 and HXT7, are sufficient for complementary expression of invertase to restore the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in raffinose medium. Raffinose 176-185 hexose transporter HXT6 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 51-55 17520177-1 2007 The promoters of high-affinity hexose transporter, HXT6 and HXT7, are sufficient for complementary expression of invertase to restore the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in raffinose medium. Raffinose 176-185 hexose transporter HXT7 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 60-64 17651220-1 2007 AIMS: Alpha-galactosidase is applied in food and feed industries for hydrolysing raffinose series oligosaccharides (RO) that are the factors primarily responsible for flatulence upon ingestion of soybean-derived products. Raffinose 81-90 alpha galactosidase Glycine max 6-25 17218476-5 2007 Like hyperosmotic NaCl, hyperosmotic raffinose but not hyperosmotic urea suppressed Bhmt mRNA expression, suggesting that cell shrinkage rather than increased ionic strength or hyperosmolarity per se is the trigger. Raffinose 37-46 betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 84-88 16680485-6 2006 In agreement with the results obtained in vivo, in Madine-Darby canine kidney cells, alphaB-crystallin mRNA and protein were induced significantly by elevating the medium osmolality to 500 mosm/kg H(2)O by the addition of NaCl and raffinose, and also by urea. Raffinose 231-240 crystallin, alpha B Rattus norvegicus 85-102 17379653-6 2007 0.3 M raffinose with 0.1 M fructose significantly improved post-thaw sperm-assessment parameters for CD-1, C3B6F1, B6129SF1 mice (P < 0.05-0.01), whereas 0.2 M raffinose with 0.1 M glycerol or 0.1 M fructose enhanced sperm assessment values for C57BL/6 and 129S mice (P < 0.01), compared to 0.3 M raffinose alone. Raffinose 6-15 CD1 antigen complex Mus musculus 101-105 16397765-4 2006 Using HXT promoter-lacZ fusions, we have identified novel conditions under which the HXT17 gene is expressed; HXT17 promoter activity is up-regulated in media containing raffinose and galactose at pH 7.7 versus pH 4.7. Raffinose 170-179 hexose transporter HXT17 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 110-115 15086914-7 2004 High glucose, in addition to a high concentration of raffinose, caused rapid and significant activation of BMK1 in rat mesangial cells. Raffinose 53-62 mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 Rattus norvegicus 107-111 15824893-7 2005 The Gal83 isoform of Snf1 was able to be activated by any of the three upstream kinases under aerobic growth conditions but showed a preference for Pak1 during growth on raffinose. Raffinose 170-179 Gal83p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 4-9 15824893-7 2005 The Gal83 isoform of Snf1 was able to be activated by any of the three upstream kinases under aerobic growth conditions but showed a preference for Pak1 during growth on raffinose. Raffinose 170-179 serine/threonine protein kinase SAK1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 148-152 15466240-8 2004 This analysis demonstrates that (1) raffinose content in leaves increases upon heat stress in wild-type but not in the GolS1 mutant plants; and (2) the level of raffinose is enhanced and stachyose is present at normal temperature in HSF3 TPs. Raffinose 161-170 heat shock factor 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 233-237 15466240-9 2004 These data provide evidence that GolS1 is a novel HSF target gene, which is responsible for heat stress-dependent synthesis of raffinose, a member of the raffinose family oligosaccharides. Raffinose 127-136 galactinol synthase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-38 15466240-9 2004 These data provide evidence that GolS1 is a novel HSF target gene, which is responsible for heat stress-dependent synthesis of raffinose, a member of the raffinose family oligosaccharides. Raffinose 154-163 galactinol synthase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-38 16332809-5 2005 Improvement of flavone biosynthesis was achieved by overexpressing the yeast P450 reductase CPR1 in the FSII-expressing recombinant strain and by using acetate rather than glucose or raffinose as the carbon source. Raffinose 183-192 peptidylprolyl isomerase CPR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 92-96 16362778-2 2005 We show here that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is activated by both cell swelling (hyposmolarity, isosmotic urea, hyperosmotic sorbitol) or shrinkage (hyperosmotic NaCl or raffinose) and discuss the mechanisms by which these apparently opposed conditions come to the same effect, i.e., EGFR activation. Raffinose 187-196 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 22-54 16362778-2 2005 We show here that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is activated by both cell swelling (hyposmolarity, isosmotic urea, hyperosmotic sorbitol) or shrinkage (hyperosmotic NaCl or raffinose) and discuss the mechanisms by which these apparently opposed conditions come to the same effect, i.e., EGFR activation. Raffinose 187-196 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 56-60 15466240-1 2004 A novel heat shock factor target gene responsible for heat-induced synthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides in Arabidopsis. Raffinose 80-89 heat shock factor 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 8-25 15333156-6 2004 Dietary raffinose significantly reduced IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA levels in lung tissue and tended to lower ovalbumin-specific Ig E levels. Raffinose 8-17 interleukin 4 Rattus norvegicus 40-44 15333156-6 2004 Dietary raffinose significantly reduced IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA levels in lung tissue and tended to lower ovalbumin-specific Ig E levels. Raffinose 8-17 interleukin 5 Rattus norvegicus 49-53 14558142-1 2003 Imp2p (Yil154c) is a transcriptional activator involved in glucose derepression of the maltose, galactose and raffinose utilization pathways and in resistance to thermal, oxidative or osmotic stress. Raffinose 110-119 endopeptidase catalytic subunit Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 0-5 12323091-5 2002 CD4+ T-cells from the mesenteric lymph nodes of the raffinose-fed mice secreted significantly (P<0.05) higher levels of IL-2 and significantly (P<0.05) lower levels of IL-4 following in vitro antigenic stimulation compared with those of the control mice. Raffinose 52-61 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 123-127 12556044-6 2002 The ileal digestibility of stachyose, raffinose, gross energy and crude protein was improved significantly by alpha-Gal supplementation. Raffinose 38-47 GLA Sus scrofa 110-119 12884510-3 2003 Expression of the CIT1 gene encoding the mitochondrial form of this enzyme in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is repressed on glucose- and glutamate-containing medium and activated on the raffinose-containing medium. Raffinose 181-190 citrate (Si)-synthase CIT1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 18-22 12943544-3 2003 We report the cloning and functional expression of the first genes, CmAGA1 and CmAGA2, encoding for plant alpha-gals with alkaline pH optima from melon fruit (Cucumis melo L.), a raffinose and stachyose translocating species. Raffinose 179-188 probable galactinol--sucrose galactosyltransferase 1 Cucumis melo 68-74 12943544-3 2003 We report the cloning and functional expression of the first genes, CmAGA1 and CmAGA2, encoding for plant alpha-gals with alkaline pH optima from melon fruit (Cucumis melo L.), a raffinose and stachyose translocating species. Raffinose 179-188 probable galactinol--sucrose galactosyltransferase 2 Cucumis melo 79-85 12323091-5 2002 CD4+ T-cells from the mesenteric lymph nodes of the raffinose-fed mice secreted significantly (P<0.05) higher levels of IL-2 and significantly (P<0.05) lower levels of IL-4 following in vitro antigenic stimulation compared with those of the control mice. Raffinose 52-61 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 0-3 12323091-5 2002 CD4+ T-cells from the mesenteric lymph nodes of the raffinose-fed mice secreted significantly (P<0.05) higher levels of IL-2 and significantly (P<0.05) lower levels of IL-4 following in vitro antigenic stimulation compared with those of the control mice. Raffinose 52-61 interleukin 4 Mus musculus 174-178 12702277-2 2002 The HXT5 gene was not expressed during growth of the yeast cells in rich medium with glucose or raffinose. Raffinose 96-105 hexose transporter HXT5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 4-8 11971761-9 2002 Importantly, expression of AMPK restored growth of a snf1 mutant on raffinose. Raffinose 68-77 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 Homo sapiens 27-31 12702297-9 2002 Derepression of invertase activity and SUC2 transcription upon transfer of cells from glucose to raffinose was deficient in the pkc1Delta mutant as opposed to the wild-type. Raffinose 97-106 beta-fructofuranosidase SUC2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 39-43 12054469-6 2002 Long-term hyperosmotic treatment of HuH-7 cells by elevation of extracellular NaCl or raffinose concentration but not hyperosmotic urea or mannitol profoundly induced NKCC1 mRNA and protein expression. Raffinose 86-95 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 36-41 12054469-6 2002 Long-term hyperosmotic treatment of HuH-7 cells by elevation of extracellular NaCl or raffinose concentration but not hyperosmotic urea or mannitol profoundly induced NKCC1 mRNA and protein expression. Raffinose 86-95 solute carrier family 12 member 2 Homo sapiens 167-172 11448968-7 2001 The aft1 cells were unable to grow in aerobic conditions on plates containing raffinose as the sole carbon source. Raffinose 78-87 DNA-binding transcription factor AFT1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 4-8 11846875-12 2002 Overexpression of AtGolS2 in transgenic Arabidopsis caused an increase in endogenous galactinol and raffinose, and showed reduced transpiration from leaves to improve drought tolerance. Raffinose 100-109 galactinol synthase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 18-25 11448968-8 2001 The inability to grow on raffinose is not caused by the cell iron content being too low to sustain respiratory metabolism, because the oxygen consumption of aft1 mutants showed that their respiratory activity is 2-fold higher than that of controls. Raffinose 25-34 DNA-binding transcription factor AFT1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 157-161 11401827-3 2001 The effect of hypertonicity on AQP3 expression in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells was investigated by exposing the cells to hypertonic medium containing raffinose or NaCl. Raffinose 171-180 aquaporin 3 Canis lupus familiaris 31-35 11473638-7 2001 Hyperosmolality induced by the addition of NaCl, urea, and raffinose phosphorylated Akt in MDCK cells in an osmolality-dependent manner. Raffinose 59-68 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 84-87 10373505-5 1999 Mutations in MTH1 can suppress the raffinose growth defect of a snf3 mutant as well as the glucose fermentation defect present in cells lacking both glucose sensors (snf3 rgt2). Raffinose 35-44 Mth1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 13-17 11451034-2 2001 METHODS: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was colyophilized with sucrose and raffinose mixed at different mass ratios. Raffinose 86-95 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 9-42 11451034-2 2001 METHODS: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was colyophilized with sucrose and raffinose mixed at different mass ratios. Raffinose 86-95 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 44-49 11451034-4 2001 RESULTS: Mass ratios of sucrose to raffinose did not affect the recovery of G6PDH activity after freeze-drying, but significantly affected the stability of freeze-dried G6PDH during storage. Raffinose 35-44 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 169-174 11451034-6 2001 With increasing fraction of raffinose, the G6PDH stability decreased, sugar crystallization inhibited, and crystal-melting temperature increased. Raffinose 28-37 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 43-48 11329881-6 2001 Signal peptide of suc2 and alpha chain of human interleukin-2 was fused in frame to suc2 gene, then the two resulting vectors were transformed into EGY48-delta suc, all the transformants can grow in the medium with either raffinose or glucose as carbon source. Raffinose 222-231 beta-fructofuranosidase SUC2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 18-22 11329881-6 2001 Signal peptide of suc2 and alpha chain of human interleukin-2 was fused in frame to suc2 gene, then the two resulting vectors were transformed into EGY48-delta suc, all the transformants can grow in the medium with either raffinose or glucose as carbon source. Raffinose 222-231 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 48-61 11151765-5 2000 Cells exposed to high-glucose (15, 30, or 60 mmol/l) or osmotic agents (L-glucose, raffinose and mannitol) showed that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression began to increase after 24 h, reached its maximum at 24 and 48 h and gradually decreased afterwards. Raffinose 83-92 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Rattus norvegicus 119-152 10450021-6 1999 Hyperosmolality induced by NaCl, mannitol or raffinose caused significant increases of ANPR-A, B, and C mRNA expression. Raffinose 45-54 natriuretic peptide receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 87-93 11197880-8 2000 The change of the intestinal flora with MA-1[R] feeding was mainly caused by the breeding action of Raffinose on bifidobacteria. Raffinose 100-109 PNMA family member 1 Homo sapiens 40-44 11115899-5 2000 Moreover, we show that it results in multiple biochemical changes associated with cold acclimation: CBF3-expressing plants had elevated levels of proline (Pro) and total soluble sugars, including sucrose, raffinose, glucose, and fructose. Raffinose 205-214 dehydration response element B1A Arabidopsis thaliana 100-104 11001759-3 2000 Addition of 25 mM glucose, fructose, or raffinose to normal growth medium stimulated an approximately twofold increase in JNK1 activity that was maximal after 24 h, whereas only glucose markedly increased ERK5 activity. Raffinose 40-49 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Bos taurus 122-126 11001759-3 2000 Addition of 25 mM glucose, fructose, or raffinose to normal growth medium stimulated an approximately twofold increase in JNK1 activity that was maximal after 24 h, whereas only glucose markedly increased ERK5 activity. Raffinose 40-49 mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 Bos taurus 205-209 9633613-4 1998 Hyperosmotic (405 mOsm) exposure of monocytes and macrophages led to an upregulation of betaine/gamma-amino-n-butyric acid (GABA) transporter BGT-1 and sodium-dependent myoinositol transporter SMIT in mRNA levels within 6 to 12 h. Induction of BGT-1 and SMIT mRNA occurred regardless of whether hyperosmolarity was induced by addition of NaCl (50 mM) or raffinose (100 mM). Raffinose 354-363 solute carrier family 6 member 12 Homo sapiens 142-147 10066454-2 1999 NaCl and D(+)-raffinose increased (2-2.5 fold) AQP-1 expression when medium osmolarity was 400 and 500 mOsm/kg.H2O. Raffinose 9-23 aquaporin 1 (Colton blood group) Homo sapiens 47-52 9688282-0 1998 The porin RafY encoded by the raffinose plasmid pRSD2 of Escherichia coli forms a general diffusion pore and not a carbohydrate-specific porin. Raffinose 30-39 glycoporin Escherichia coli 10-14 9688282-1 1998 The gene rafY from the plasmid pRSD2, which enables Escherichia coli to grow on raffinose, was transferred into expression plasmid pUSL77. Raffinose 80-89 glycoporin Escherichia coli 9-13 9688282-7 1998 Although RafY is part of an uptake and fermentation system for raffinose it does not contain a binding site for carbohydrates. Raffinose 63-72 glycoporin Escherichia coli 9-13 9666103-2 1998 In order to identify the protein domains that specify these activities of the Std1 protein, a plasmid library of randomly mutagenized STD1 genes was screened for loss of function alleles using complementation of the raffinose growth defect of a std1-, mth1- strain as an assay. Raffinose 216-225 Std1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 78-82 7586025-2 1995 We have found that the FOX1 steady state mRNA level is repressed by glucose, partially induced by ethanol (but not by raffinose) and fully induced by oleic acid as a carbon source. Raffinose 118-127 acyl-CoA oxidase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 23-27 9678769-5 1998 At 16.7 mM, raffinose stimulation produced a significantly lower expression of ICAM-1 on HUVEC than glucose, furthermore it caused a significantly lower expression than low glucose stimulation (5.6 mM). Raffinose 12-21 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 79-85 8970157-4 1996 HXT6 is highly expressed on raffinose, low glucose, or nonfermentable carbon sources but is repressed in the presence of high concentrations of glucose. Raffinose 28-37 hexose transporter HXT6 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 0-4 9607197-6 1998 Raffinose was found to be the most effective in increasing TGF-beta activity. Raffinose 0-9 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 59-67 9566913-6 1998 The reversible phosphorylation of Hxk2p is carbon source dependent, being more extensive on poor carbon sources such as galactose, raffinose, and ethanol. Raffinose 131-140 hexokinase 2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 34-39 9498813-3 1998 The addition of raffinose (100 mM) corrected the effect of hypoosmolarity at both mRNA and transcriptional level, demonstrating that cell swelling per se was responsible for the observed effect on the expression of the alpha2M gene. Raffinose 16-25 alpha-2-macroglobulin Rattus norvegicus 219-226 9413144-1 1997 The thermal stability of enzymes lactase and invertase in dried, amorphous matrices of sugars (trehalose, maltose, lactose, sucrose, raffinose) and some other selected systems (casein, PVP, milk) was studied. Raffinose 133-142 lactase Homo sapiens 33-40 9294435-0 1997 Identification of a new porin, RafY, encoded by raffinose plasmid pRSD2 of Escherichia coli. Raffinose 48-57 glycoporin Escherichia coli 31-35 9294435-4 1997 Expressed from the tac promoter, RafY significantly increases the uptake rates for maltose, sucrose, and raffinose at low substrate concentrations; in particular it shifts the apparent K(m) for raffinose transport from 2 mM to 130 microM. Raffinose 105-114 glycoporin Escherichia coli 33-37 9294435-4 1997 Expressed from the tac promoter, RafY significantly increases the uptake rates for maltose, sucrose, and raffinose at low substrate concentrations; in particular it shifts the apparent K(m) for raffinose transport from 2 mM to 130 microM. Raffinose 194-203 glycoporin Escherichia coli 33-37 9242685-4 1997 COX-2 mRNA expression was not increased when raffinose or sucrose were used to reconstitute low NaCl. Raffinose 45-54 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-5 7765775-5 1994 Intracellular beta-galactosidase of this strain during batch culture on glucose, raffinose and acetate showed that MF alpha 1 promoter activity was higher during respiratory growth on acetate as compared to more rapid fermentative growth on glucose or raffinose, a result that might indicate this activity being inversely related to growth rate. Raffinose 81-90 Mf(Alpha)1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 115-125 7765775-5 1994 Intracellular beta-galactosidase of this strain during batch culture on glucose, raffinose and acetate showed that MF alpha 1 promoter activity was higher during respiratory growth on acetate as compared to more rapid fermentative growth on glucose or raffinose, a result that might indicate this activity being inversely related to growth rate. Raffinose 252-261 Mf(Alpha)1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 115-125 12244257-5 1994 Glucose, fructose, or raffinose in the culture media also resulted in repression of MS and ICL. Raffinose 22-31 isocitrate lyase Cucumis sativus 91-94 8417358-5 1993 Like HXT1 and HXT2, overexpression of HXT3 in snf3 delta cells confers growth on low-glucose or raffinose media. Raffinose 96-105 hexose transporter HXT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 38-42 8221926-6 1993 Furthermore TYE2 function seems to be important for the expression of a variety of Ty-unrelated functions such as ADH1 expression, sporulation, growth on maltose, galactose, raffinose, and on non-fermentable carbon sources. Raffinose 174-183 Swi3p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 12-16 8476078-8 1993 Hyperosmolality by NaCl and raffinose significantly increased the PCR products of ET-1 mRNA in IMCD, whereas mannitol did not. Raffinose 28-37 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 82-86 8288553-0 1994 Regulation of the raffinose permease of Escherichia coli by the glucose-specific enzyme IIA of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system. Raffinose 18-27 colicin Ia immunity protein Escherichia coli 88-91 8395015-6 1993 Cells carrying either of two different deletion-insertion mutations (plc1 delta 1::HIS3 and plc1 delta 2::LEU2) were viable but displayed several distinctive phenotypes, including temperature-sensitive growth (inviable above 35 degrees C), osmotic sensitivity, and defects in the utilization of galactose, raffinose, and glycerol at permissive temperatures (23 to 30 degrees C). Raffinose 306-315 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 69-73 8417358-11 1993 A synergistic relationship between SNF3 and each of the HXT genes is suggested by the observation that SNF2 hxt1 delta hxt2 delta hxt3 delta hxt4 delta cells and snf3 delta HXT1 HXT2 HXT3 HXT4 cells are unable to grow on raffinose (low fructose) yet SNF3 in combination with any single HXT gene is sufficient for growth on raffinose. Raffinose 323-332 glucose sensor Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 35-39 8417358-5 1993 Like HXT1 and HXT2, overexpression of HXT3 in snf3 delta cells confers growth on low-glucose or raffinose media. Raffinose 96-105 glucose sensor Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 46-50 8417358-11 1993 A synergistic relationship between SNF3 and each of the HXT genes is suggested by the observation that SNF2 hxt1 delta hxt2 delta hxt3 delta hxt4 delta cells and snf3 delta HXT1 HXT2 HXT3 HXT4 cells are unable to grow on raffinose (low fructose) yet SNF3 in combination with any single HXT gene is sufficient for growth on raffinose. Raffinose 221-230 glucose sensor Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 35-39 1864360-1 1991 Studies on the osmotic induction of glycerol production and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) Production of glycerol and a key enzyme in glycerol production, glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (GPD), was studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultured in basal media or media of high salinity, with glucose, raffinose or ethanol as the sole carbon source. Raffinose 320-329 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 60-94 11540167-1 1992 Soybeans contain the enzyme alpha-galactosidase, which hydrolyzes alpha-1, 6 linkages in stachyose and raffinose to give sucrose and galactose. Raffinose 103-112 alpha galactosidase Glycine max 28-47 11540167-3 1992 Stachyose and raffinose also protect alpha-galactosidase from denaturation at pH 4.0 although to a lesser extent. Raffinose 14-23 alpha galactosidase Glycine max 37-56 1564445-4 1992 Disruption of the FUP1 locus reduces wild-type iron uptake rates by 2-fold in cells grown on raffinose medium but has no effect on glucose-grown cells. Raffinose 93-102 Msn1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 18-22 1561839-0 1992 IMP2, a nuclear gene controlling the mitochondrial dependence of galactose, maltose and raffinose utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Raffinose 88-97 endopeptidase catalytic subunit Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 0-4 1561839-1 1992 The IMP2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is involved in the nucleo-mitochondrial control of maltose, galactose and raffinose utilization as shown by the inability of imp2 mutants to grow on these carbon sources in respiratory-deficient conditions or in the presence of ethidium bromide and erythromycin. Raffinose 116-125 endopeptidase catalytic subunit Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 4-8 1310088-2 1992 To identify functionally related proteins, we selected genes that in multicopy suppress the raffinose growth defect of snf4 mutants. Raffinose 92-101 AMP-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase regulatory subunit SNF4 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 119-123 1310523-5 1992 In hap2, hap3 and hap4 null mutants, the specific activities of LPDH in cultures grown on galactose and raffinose showed only slight induction above the basal level on glucose medium. Raffinose 104-113 transcription activator HAP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 3-7 1310523-5 1992 In hap2, hap3 and hap4 null mutants, the specific activities of LPDH in cultures grown on galactose and raffinose showed only slight induction above the basal level on glucose medium. Raffinose 104-113 Hap3p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 9-13 1310523-5 1992 In hap2, hap3 and hap4 null mutants, the specific activities of LPDH in cultures grown on galactose and raffinose showed only slight induction above the basal level on glucose medium. Raffinose 104-113 transcription factor HAP4 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 18-22 1752413-1 1991 To identify new genes required for depression of the SUC2 (invertase) gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have isolated mutants with defects in raffinose utilization. Raffinose 145-154 beta-fructofuranosidase SUC2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 53-57 1313642-9 1992 Therefore hypertonicity of the peritubular fluid produced by the addition of NaCl or raffinose increases the Lp and Pu in the absence and in the presence of VP. Raffinose 85-94 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 157-159 18588227-0 1990 Integral kinetics of alpha-galactosidase purified from Glycine max for simultaneous hydrolysis of stachyose and raffinose. Raffinose 112-121 alpha galactosidase Glycine max 21-40 1651679-5 1991 The only substrate hydrolyzed by alpha-galactosidase III was melibiose, whereas the other two alpha-galactosidases were able to degrade melibiose, raffinose, and stachyose and partially degraded guar gum. Raffinose 147-156 alpha-galactosidase Bacteroides ovatus 33-52 18588227-11 1990 Since the stachyose hydrolysis yields raffinose, soybean alpha-galactosidase simultaneously hydrolyzes two substrates. Raffinose 38-47 alpha galactosidase Glycine max 57-76 34258427-5 2021 For serum indexes, dietary 0.5% raffinose decreased growth hormone and increased glucagon-like peptide-2, immunoglobulin G, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 concentration (P < 0.05). Raffinose 32-41 tumor necrosis factor Sus scrofa 124-151 34500846-1 2021 In this study, a new method for selective determination of Cr(VI) in water samples at pH 4 is presented using raffinose capped silver nanoparticles (Ag/Raff NPs) as an optical sensor. Raffinose 110-119 prolyl 4-hydroxylase, transmembrane Homo sapiens 86-90 34258427-5 2021 For serum indexes, dietary 0.5% raffinose decreased growth hormone and increased glucagon-like peptide-2, immunoglobulin G, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 concentration (P < 0.05). Raffinose 32-41 tumor necrosis factor Sus scrofa 153-162 34258427-5 2021 For serum indexes, dietary 0.5% raffinose decreased growth hormone and increased glucagon-like peptide-2, immunoglobulin G, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 concentration (P < 0.05). Raffinose 32-41 interleukin-6 Sus scrofa 168-181 34258427-9 2021 Intriguingly, the raffinose group had lower ADG than the feed-pair group, lower nutrient digestibility, lower amylase activity in duodenum, lower amylase, lipase and trypsin activities in jejunum and higher TNF-alpha concentration in serum compared with the other 2 groups, and a higher ratio of villus height to crypt depth compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Raffinose 18-27 tumor necrosis factor Sus scrofa 207-216 35208951-5 2022 Further in vitro studies confirmed that mannose-, trehalose- and raffinose-treated LBP completely inhibited the hemagglutination ability towards rat red blood cells. Raffinose 65-74 lipopolysaccharide binding protein Rattus norvegicus 83-86 2493741-7 1989 Raffinose increased aldose reductase activity as much as NaCl did. Raffinose 0-9 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 20-36 7419720-11 1980 The effect of AVP on hydraulic water permeability (Lp) was examined by adding raffinose to the bathing medium in both the presence and the absence of AVP. Raffinose 78-87 arginine vasopressin Mus musculus 14-17 2846866-2 1988 Genes controlled by the GAL-1 promoter are induced by galactose, uninduced by raffinose, and repressed by glucose. Raffinose 78-87 galectin 1 Homo sapiens 24-29 3200797-5 1988 The variation with time of storage of the individual sugars in the sap during fermentation to form palm wine reveals that, as sucrose steadily decreases, fructose reaches a peak at 1.51% (w/v) at the 9th hour, and thereafter declines, while glucose and raffinose remain continuously low; all sugars disappear beyond the 33rd hour. Raffinose 253-262 SH2 domain containing 1A Homo sapiens 67-70 30921869-3 1983 Substitution of raffinose for soluble starch or addition of theobromine to the medium stimulated enterotoxin production by three of the four enterotoxin-positive isolates. Raffinose 16-25 cpe Clostridium perfringens 97-108 30921869-3 1983 Substitution of raffinose for soluble starch or addition of theobromine to the medium stimulated enterotoxin production by three of the four enterotoxin-positive isolates. Raffinose 16-25 cpe Clostridium perfringens 141-152 33579454-6 2021 Due to the incorporation of GO and raffinose-GO nanosheets into SF structure, electrical conductivity increased ~30 and 40%, respectively. Raffinose 35-44 hepatocyte growth factor Rattus norvegicus 64-66 347248-6 1978 The lack of catalase A in respiratory imcompetent cells can be overcome by growing the cells in raffinose or by the prolongation of the fermentative phase of derepression. Raffinose 96-105 catalase A Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 12-22 842667-6 1977 Solute permeability to NaCl, urea, and raffinose (10(-5) cm sec-1) of the tALH of both species was determined by measuring changes in osmolality of the collected fluid when each solute was added to the bath at the same osmolality. Raffinose 39-48 secretory blood group 1 Rattus norvegicus 60-65 5392462-1 1969 The enzyme alpha-galactosidase offers potential to (i) eliminate possibly the flatus-inducing factor(s) in edible beans, (ii) eliminate raffinose during beet-sugar processing, and (iii) determine raffinose analytically. Raffinose 136-145 alpha galactosidase Glycine max 11-30 5392462-1 1969 The enzyme alpha-galactosidase offers potential to (i) eliminate possibly the flatus-inducing factor(s) in edible beans, (ii) eliminate raffinose during beet-sugar processing, and (iii) determine raffinose analytically. Raffinose 196-205 alpha galactosidase Glycine max 11-30 31180156-0 2019 Maize HSFA2 and HSBP2 antagonistically modulate raffinose biosynthesis and heat tolerance in Arabidopsis. Raffinose 48-57 heat shock transcription factor A2 Arabidopsis thaliana 6-11 31926460-8 2020 CsSTS1 expression in cucumber calli was up-regulated by the raffinose (substrate of CsSTS) and down-regulated by stachyose (product of CsSTS), respectively. Raffinose 60-69 steryl-sulfatase Cucumis sativus 0-5 31926460-8 2020 CsSTS1 expression in cucumber calli was up-regulated by the raffinose (substrate of CsSTS) and down-regulated by stachyose (product of CsSTS), respectively. Raffinose 60-69 steryl-sulfatase Cucumis sativus 84-89 31710929-5 2019 In this study, we found that raffinose treatment inhibited the LDH release and trypan blue staining in UVB-challenged human keratinocytes cell line HaCaT but did not affect the cleavage of apoptotic markers Caspase-3 and PARP, as well as translocation into nucleus of other cell death markers Endonuclease G and AIF. Raffinose 29-38 poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 Homo sapiens 221-225 31710929-6 2019 Moreover, we confirmed that raffinose treatment enhanced autophagy flux in an MTOR-independent manner in HaCaT cells. Raffinose 28-37 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 78-82 31710929-7 2019 Importantly, decrease of LC3-II turnover in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes could be rescued by raffinose treatment, indicating that raffinose treatment increased autophagy in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. Raffinose 130-139 microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha Homo sapiens 25-28 31710929-8 2019 Furthermore, the effect on cell death by raffinose was inhibited when autophagy was suppressed with either a small interfering RNA targeting ATG5 (siATG5) or autophagic inhibitor wortmannin. Raffinose 41-50 autophagy related 5 Homo sapiens 141-145 31710929-9 2019 In conclusion, we demonstrated that raffinose increases MTOR-independent autophagy and reduces cell death in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes. Raffinose 36-45 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 56-60 32662115-3 2020 However, the zmdreb2a seeds, with decreased expression of RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE (ZmRAFS) and less raffinose in their embryo, exhibit decreased seed aging tolerance, than the NS controls. Raffinose 58-67 dehydration-responsive element binding protein 2A Zea mays 13-21 32662115-3 2020 However, the zmdreb2a seeds, with decreased expression of RAFFINOSE SYNTHASE (ZmRAFS) and less raffinose in their embryo, exhibit decreased seed aging tolerance, than the NS controls. Raffinose 95-104 dehydration-responsive element binding protein 2A Zea mays 13-21 32662115-7 2020 These findings provide evidence that ZmDREB2A regulates the longevity of maize seed by stimulating the production of raffinose while simultaneously acting to limit auxin-mediated cell expansion. Raffinose 117-126 dehydration-responsive element binding protein 2A Zea mays 37-45 31779918-4 2020 Oex PGDH1 lines displayed lower levels of the salt-stress markers proline and raffinose in roots than WT under salt-stress conditions. Raffinose 78-87 D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase Arabidopsis thaliana 4-9 31180156-2 2019 We report here that maize HEAT SHOCK FACTOR A2 (ZmHSFA2) and HEAT SHOCK BINDING PROTEIN 2 (ZmHSBP2) physically interact with each other and antagonistically modulate expression of GALACTINOL SYNTHASE2 (ZmGOLS2) and raffinose biosynthesis in transformed maize protoplasts and Arabidopsis plants. Raffinose 215-224 galactinol synthase 2 Zea mays 180-200 31180156-2 2019 We report here that maize HEAT SHOCK FACTOR A2 (ZmHSFA2) and HEAT SHOCK BINDING PROTEIN 2 (ZmHSBP2) physically interact with each other and antagonistically modulate expression of GALACTINOL SYNTHASE2 (ZmGOLS2) and raffinose biosynthesis in transformed maize protoplasts and Arabidopsis plants. Raffinose 215-224 galactinol synthase 2 Zea mays 202-209 29458019-2 2018 Raffinose, an oligosaccharide isolated from the rhizome of Costus speciosus showed <=50% inhibition of lipid accumulation in differentiated HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells through exhibiting partial agonism to PPARgamma, and, an enhanced secretion of adiponectin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Raffinose 0-9 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma Mus musculus 204-213 30915847-0 2019 Maize VIVIPAROUS1 Interacts with ABA INSENSITIVE5 to Regulate GALACTINOL SYNTHASE2 Expression Controlling Seed Raffinose Accumulation. Raffinose 111-120 regulatory protein viviparous-1 Zea mays 6-17 30915847-0 2019 Maize VIVIPAROUS1 Interacts with ABA INSENSITIVE5 to Regulate GALACTINOL SYNTHASE2 Expression Controlling Seed Raffinose Accumulation. Raffinose 111-120 galactinol synthase 2 Zea mays 62-82 30915847-6 2019 Together, all of the findings suggest that ZmVP1 interacts with ZmABI5 and regulates ZmGOLS2 expression and raffinose accumulation in maize seeds. Raffinose 108-117 regulatory protein viviparous-1 Zea mays 43-48 29458019-2 2018 Raffinose, an oligosaccharide isolated from the rhizome of Costus speciosus showed <=50% inhibition of lipid accumulation in differentiated HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells through exhibiting partial agonism to PPARgamma, and, an enhanced secretion of adiponectin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Raffinose 0-9 adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing Mus musculus 245-256 28981890-5 2018 Relative to wild-type leaves, the overexpression of AtGolS3 and CsRFS increased accumulation of galactinol and raffinose and led to increased leaf rust infection. Raffinose 111-120 galactinol synthase 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 52-59 28981890-5 2018 Relative to wild-type leaves, the overexpression of AtGolS3 and CsRFS increased accumulation of galactinol and raffinose and led to increased leaf rust infection. Raffinose 111-120 probable galactinol--sucrose galactosyltransferase 5-like Cucumis sativus 64-69 28266648-3 2017 Here, we show that raffinose, a ubiquitously present trisaccharide in plants, activated the transcriptional activity of LXRalpha/beta, which led to the induction of genes required for keratinocyte differentiation such as involucrin and filaggrin, and genes involved in lipid metabolism and transport including SCD1 and ABCA1 in both HaCaT and normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Raffinose 19-28 stearoyl-CoA desaturase Homo sapiens 310-314 28762141-0 2017 Anti-fibronectin aptamers improve the colonization of chitosan films modified with D-(+) Raffinose by murine osteoblastic cells. Raffinose 83-98 fibronectin 1 Mus musculus 5-16 28334829-5 2017 Although deleting Sac3 residues 1-90 produced a wild-type phenotype, deletion of the loop as well generated growth defects at 37 C, whereas the deletion of residues 1-250 impaired mRNA export and also generated longer lag times when glucose or raffinose was replaced by galactose as the carbon source. Raffinose 244-253 Sac3p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 18-22 28559898-4 2017 The objective of this research is to use RNA-mediated gene silencing to down-regulate the soybean gene raffinose synthase 2 (RS2), to reduce total raffinose content in mature seed. Raffinose 103-112 RS2 Glycine max 125-128 28266648-4 2017 Raffinose induced the expression of JunD and Fra1, and their DNA binding in the AP1 motif in the promoters of involucrin and loricrin. Raffinose 0-9 JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 80-83 29362103-5 2018 AtGOLS1 encodes a galactinol synthase, critical for the first step in raffinose family oligosaccharides synthesis during seed maturation. Raffinose 70-79 galactinol synthase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-7 28266648-4 2017 Raffinose induced the expression of JunD and Fra1, and their DNA binding in the AP1 motif in the promoters of involucrin and loricrin. Raffinose 0-9 loricrin cornified envelope precursor protein Homo sapiens 125-133 28266648-3 2017 Here, we show that raffinose, a ubiquitously present trisaccharide in plants, activated the transcriptional activity of LXRalpha/beta, which led to the induction of genes required for keratinocyte differentiation such as involucrin and filaggrin, and genes involved in lipid metabolism and transport including SCD1 and ABCA1 in both HaCaT and normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Raffinose 19-28 ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 319-324 28266648-5 2017 Interestingly, LXR bound the AP1 motif upon raffinose treatment, and conversely, JunD and Fra1 bound the LXR response element in promoters of LXR target genes, which indicates the presence of a postive cross-talk between LXR and AP1 in the regualtion of these genes. Raffinose 44-53 JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 29-32 28266648-4 2017 Raffinose induced the expression of JunD and Fra1, and their DNA binding in the AP1 motif in the promoters of involucrin and loricrin. Raffinose 0-9 JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 36-40 28266648-4 2017 Raffinose induced the expression of JunD and Fra1, and their DNA binding in the AP1 motif in the promoters of involucrin and loricrin. Raffinose 0-9 FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 45-49 27328819-0 2016 Trehalose, sucrose and raffinose are novel activators of autophagy in human keratinocytes through an mTOR-independent pathway. Raffinose 23-32 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 101-105 28357334-0 2016 The transcription factors ADR1 or CAT8 are required for RTG pathway activation and evasion from yeast acetic acid-induced programmed cell death in raffinose. Raffinose 147-156 DNA-binding transcription factor ADR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 26-30 28357334-0 2016 The transcription factors ADR1 or CAT8 are required for RTG pathway activation and evasion from yeast acetic acid-induced programmed cell death in raffinose. Raffinose 147-156 DNA-binding transcription factor CAT8 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 34-38 28735404-5 2017 In this chapter, we describe the development and validation of a PGC-based liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSn) method suitable for the target analysis of water-soluble carbohydrates, such as raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs). Raffinose 211-220 moesin Homo sapiens 126-129 28357334-7 2016 ADR1 and CAT8 interact with RTG2 and with each other in inducing cell resistance to AA-PCD in raffinose and controlling the nature of cell death. Raffinose 94-103 DNA-binding transcription factor ADR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 0-4 28357334-7 2016 ADR1 and CAT8 interact with RTG2 and with each other in inducing cell resistance to AA-PCD in raffinose and controlling the nature of cell death. Raffinose 94-103 DNA-binding transcription factor CAT8 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 9-13 28357334-7 2016 ADR1 and CAT8 interact with RTG2 and with each other in inducing cell resistance to AA-PCD in raffinose and controlling the nature of cell death. Raffinose 94-103 Rtg2p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 28-32 27328819-8 2016 mTOR-independent autophagy induction was also observed in HaCaT and HeLa cells treated with sucrose or raffinose but not in glucose, maltose or sorbitol treated HaCaT cells, indicating that autophagy induction was not a general property of saccharides. Raffinose 103-112 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 0-4 26483807-5 2015 In this paper, we report on the molecular cloning, functional expression in Escherichia coli and purification of recombinant AtRS4 from A. thaliana and the biochemical characterisation of the putative stachyose synthase (AtSTS, At4g01970) as a raffinose and high affinity stachyose synthase (Km for raffinose 259.2 +- 21.15 muM) as well as stachyose and galactinol specific galactosylhydrolase. Raffinose 244-253 stachyose synthase Arabidopsis thaliana 125-130 26769087-2 2016 Interestingly, oral administration of dietary raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) at 400 and 800 mg/kg bw significantly reduced the impact of l-carnitine on the serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoproteins, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino-transferase, NO, endothelin-1 and C-reactive protein. Raffinose 46-55 endothelin 1 Mus musculus 301-313 26769087-2 2016 Interestingly, oral administration of dietary raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) at 400 and 800 mg/kg bw significantly reduced the impact of l-carnitine on the serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoproteins, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino-transferase, NO, endothelin-1 and C-reactive protein. Raffinose 46-55 C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related Mus musculus 318-336 26959526-6 2016 Enzymes involved in raffinose catabolism were elevated in the whole cell proteome; alpha-galactosidase (+13.9 fold); sucrose phosphorylase (+5.4 fold) together with metabolic enzymes from the Leloir pathway for galactose utilization and the glycolysis; beta-galactosidase (+5.7 fold); galactose (+2.9/+3.1 fold) and fructose (+2.8 fold) kinases. Raffinose 20-29 alpha-galactosidase Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM 83-102 26959526-6 2016 Enzymes involved in raffinose catabolism were elevated in the whole cell proteome; alpha-galactosidase (+13.9 fold); sucrose phosphorylase (+5.4 fold) together with metabolic enzymes from the Leloir pathway for galactose utilization and the glycolysis; beta-galactosidase (+5.7 fold); galactose (+2.9/+3.1 fold) and fructose (+2.8 fold) kinases. Raffinose 20-29 beta-galactosidase Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM 253-271 26584560-7 2016 Expression of ZmDREB2A up-regulated the AtGOLS3 gene but only over-expression of ZmGOLS2 resulted in hyper-accumulation of galactinol and raffinose. Raffinose 138-147 dehydration-responsive element binding protein 2A Zea mays 14-22 26584560-7 2016 Expression of ZmDREB2A up-regulated the AtGOLS3 gene but only over-expression of ZmGOLS2 resulted in hyper-accumulation of galactinol and raffinose. Raffinose 138-147 galactinol synthase 2 Zea mays 81-88 26629321-9 2015 Yeast co-transformants containing corresponding fusion proteins for CTGF and all four tested cystine knot motifs survived on selective medium containing galactose and raffinose but lacking histidine, tryptophan, and uracil. Raffinose 167-176 connective tissue growth factor Oryctolagus cuniculus 68-72 26483807-5 2015 In this paper, we report on the molecular cloning, functional expression in Escherichia coli and purification of recombinant AtRS4 from A. thaliana and the biochemical characterisation of the putative stachyose synthase (AtSTS, At4g01970) as a raffinose and high affinity stachyose synthase (Km for raffinose 259.2 +- 21.15 muM) as well as stachyose and galactinol specific galactosylhydrolase. Raffinose 299-308 stachyose synthase Arabidopsis thaliana 125-130 26000826-1 2015 The reversible thermal denaturation of apo alpha-lactalbumin and lysozyme was monitored via measurement of changes in absorbance and ellipticity in the presence of varying concentrations of seven mono- and oligosaccharides: glucose, galactose, fructose, sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, and stachyose. Raffinose 274-283 lysozyme Homo sapiens 65-73 24354450-0 2013 Abiotic stress-induced accumulation of raffinose in Arabidopsis leaves is mediated by a single raffinose synthase (RS5, At5g40390). Raffinose 39-48 Raffinose synthase family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 115-118 25753196-9 2015 These results suggest that raffinose and melezitose monoesters with long-chain fatty acids (C16 to C18) are promising surfactants for pharmaceutical applications and could be an alternative to the use of current commercial nonionic polyoxyethylene-based surfactants in parenteral formulations. Raffinose 27-36 Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9 Homo sapiens 99-102 25447033-9 2014 The substrate specificity test revealed that rSl-beta-fruct hydrolyzes sucrose and raffinose, but not melibiose or maltose, thereby confirming invertase activity. Raffinose 83-92 intraflagellar transport 172 Rattus norvegicus 45-53 24354450-1 2013 BACKGROUND: The sucrosylgalactoside oligosaccharide raffinose (Raf, Suc-Gal1) accumulates in Arabidopsis leaves in response to a myriad of abiotic stresses. Raffinose 52-61 Mevalonate/galactokinase family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 72-76 24354450-1 2013 BACKGROUND: The sucrosylgalactoside oligosaccharide raffinose (Raf, Suc-Gal1) accumulates in Arabidopsis leaves in response to a myriad of abiotic stresses. Raffinose 63-66 Mevalonate/galactokinase family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 72-76 22307851-5 2012 Mutant plants were also highly sensitive to long days and accumulated, like TOR RNA interference lines, higher amounts of starch and amino acids, including proline and glutamine, while showing reduced concentrations of inositol and raffinose. Raffinose 232-241 target of rapamycin Arabidopsis thaliana 76-79 25049822-8 2013 LX-1 on Eudragit L-100 may be a promising strategy for removal of alpha-galacto-oligosaccharides such as raffinose and stachyose from soybean meal and other legume in feed industry. Raffinose 105-114 seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1 Glycine max 0-22 22985990-0 2012 Molecular cloning, characteristics and low temperature response of raffinose synthase gene in Cucumis sativus L. Raffinose synthase (RS, EC2.4.1.82) is one of the key enzymes that channels sucrose into the raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) biosynthetic pathway. Raffinose 67-76 probable galactinol--sucrose galactosyltransferase 5-like Cucumis sativus 113-131 22985990-0 2012 Molecular cloning, characteristics and low temperature response of raffinose synthase gene in Cucumis sativus L. Raffinose synthase (RS, EC2.4.1.82) is one of the key enzymes that channels sucrose into the raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) biosynthetic pathway. Raffinose 67-76 probable galactinol--sucrose galactosyltransferase 5-like Cucumis sativus 133-135 21761401-8 2012 RESULTS: CLL cells with del(17p) were less sensitive to ABT-737-induced BAX activation and apoptosis than CLL cells without del(17p) (39% +- 7.3% vs 63.7% +- 2.9% [specific annexin V induction]; P < .01). Raffinose 24-27 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 72-75 22646706-10 2012 At the metabolic level, the contents of fructose, galactose and glucose were increased and decreased in the wild-type and TPS1 transgenic leaves, respectively, while the amounts of proline, inositol and raffinose were highly increased in both the wild-type and TPS1 transgenic leaves under drought conditions. Raffinose 203-212 alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) TPS1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 122-126 22646706-13 2012 The substantial increases in proline, inositol and raffinose contents detected in both the wild-type and TPS1 transgenic leaves appears to be a general response of potatoes to drought stress. Raffinose 51-60 alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) TPS1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 105-109 22307851-8 2012 It thus appears that the LST8-1 protein has an important role in regulating amino acid accumulation and the synthesis of myo-inositol and raffinose during plant adaptation to long days. Raffinose 138-147 Transducin/WD40 repeat-like superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 25-31 24936347-5 2012 In addition, we evaluated the simultaneous administration of Ge-132 and raffinose and their effects on beta-glucuronidase activity, which is known to be a factor related to colon cancer. Raffinose 72-81 glucuronidase, beta Rattus norvegicus 103-121 24936347-9 2012 The activity of beta-glucuronidase in the caecal contents was increased by dietary Ge-132, whereas dietary raffinose decreased the beta-glucuronidase activity significantly. Raffinose 107-116 glucuronidase, beta Rattus norvegicus 131-149 24936347-11 2012 Additionally, the simultaneous intake of both raffinose and Ge-132 could abrogate the increase in beta-glucuronidase activity induced by Ge-132 alone. Raffinose 46-55 glucuronidase, beta Rattus norvegicus 98-116 21680054-7 2011 Accumulation of BnGOLS-1 mRNA in developing rapeseeds was concomitant with dry weight deposition and the acquisition of desiccation tolerance, and was concurrent with the formation of raffinose and stachyose. Raffinose 184-193 galactinol synthase 1-like Brassica napus 16-24