PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 26059342-7 2015 The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580 was used to study the mechanism underlying LAMA4 activity. SB 203580 58-66 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 4-40 26059342-7 2015 The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580 was used to study the mechanism underlying LAMA4 activity. SB 203580 58-66 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 42-46 26059342-7 2015 The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB203580 was used to study the mechanism underlying LAMA4 activity. SB 203580 58-66 laminin subunit alpha 4 Homo sapiens 110-115 26059342-8 2015 LAMA4 promoter methylation was assessed by bisulfite-sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or methylation-specific PCR. hydrogen sulfite 43-52 laminin subunit alpha 4 Homo sapiens 0-5 26059342-13 2015 SB203580 significantly reduced LAMA4 expression. SB 203580 0-8 laminin subunit alpha 4 Homo sapiens 31-36 26744214-8 2016 Thus, NRG2 plays a key role in nitrate regulation in part through modulating NRT1.1 expression and may function with NLP7 via their physical interaction. Nitrates 31-38 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 77-81 26662603-5 2016 RNA silencing of four of these glutaredoxin genes (AtGRXS3/4/5/8) resulted in plants with increased primary root length (approximately 25% longer than the wild type) and decreased sensitivity to nitrate-mediated inhibition of primary root growth. Nitrates 195-202 CAX-interacting protein 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 31-43 26662603-7 2016 We determined that nitrate induction of glutaredoxin gene expression was dependent upon cytokinin signaling and that cytokinins could activate glutaredoxin gene expression independent of plant nitrate status. Nitrates 19-26 CAX-interacting protein 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 40-52 26435258-3 2016 The aim of the study was to measure and correlate plasma nitrite/nitrate levels with tissue specific expression of iNOS mRNA among women with different grades of cervical lesions and cervical cancer. Nitrates 65-72 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 115-119 26547269-4 2016 The denitrification rates using optimal carbon-to-nitrate ratios of acidogenic liquid were more than 25 mg NO3-N/(gVSS h). Nitrates 50-57 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 107-110 26834770-8 2015 Transcriptional analysis of ZmXET1 confirmed the stimulatory effect of nitrate on XGs accumulation in cells of the TZ. Nitrates 71-78 xyloglucan endotransglycosylase homolog 1 Zea mays 28-34 26437351-1 2016 Nitrate (NO3) is one of the most common contaminants in aquatic environments and groundwater. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 27526131-5 2016 Acidotic conditions for up to 6 h increased the iNOS expression significantly which was functional as indicated by an elevated level of nitrate/nitrite formation by 30 %. Nitrates 136-143 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 48-52 26607938-8 2016 Dietary nitrate also caused a small but significant reduction (7.6%) in platelet-monocyte aggregates compared with an increase of 10.1% in the placebo group (P = 0.004), with statistically significant reductions in stimulated (ex vivo) P-selectin expression compared with the placebo group (P < 0.05) but no significant changes in unstimulated expression. Nitrates 8-15 selectin P Homo sapiens 236-246 27458036-6 2016 XOR has an activating role that is essential to the pharmacological action of quinone drugs, cyadox, antiviral nucleoside analogues, allopurinol, nitrate and nitrite. Nitrates 146-153 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-3 26074023-5 2016 Several PM2.5 chemical constituents, including negative ions (nitrate and chloride) and metals (e.g., iron and strontium), were consistently associated with increases in EC-SOD and GPX1. Nitrates 62-69 superoxide dismutase 3 Homo sapiens 170-176 26074023-5 2016 Several PM2.5 chemical constituents, including negative ions (nitrate and chloride) and metals (e.g., iron and strontium), were consistently associated with increases in EC-SOD and GPX1. Nitrates 62-69 glutathione peroxidase 1 Homo sapiens 181-185 27717924-10 2016 CONCLUSIONS: the combined effect of nitrate and sodium fluoride for 30 days leads to disregulatory increased activity of NO-synthase enzymes and reduction of arginase pathway of L-arginine in the soft tissues of parodontium that is promoted by hyperactivation of iNOS and NF-kappaB, and increased peroxynitrite production. Nitrates 36-43 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 263-267 26335529-7 2016 The results of an ANOVA and response surface analysis showed that HRT, influent NO3 (-)-N concentration, influent CODCr concentration, and the interaction between the HRT and influent CODCr concentration significantly affected the nitrate removal efficiency (P < 0.05). Nitrates 231-238 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 80-83 25811939-10 2016 Spring water sections within the high mountains contain nitrate in low concentrations with low delta(15)NNO3 values of -3 % and high delta(18)ONO3 values up to 13 %. Nitrates 56-63 NNO3 Homo sapiens 104-108 25811939-11 2016 High mountain stream water sub-catchments dominated by nearly undisturbed forest and grassland contribute nitrate with delta(15)NNO3 and delta(18)ONO3 values of -1 and -3.5 %, respectively. Nitrates 106-113 NNO3 Homo sapiens 128-132 27508376-5 2016 Ammonium removal rate was up to 95% in biofilters with or without electrolysis integration with an influent ammonium concentration of 40 mg/L, and the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite was much lower in the effluent of E-BF than that of BF. Nitrates 167-174 EBF transcription factor 1 Homo sapiens 221-225 26681182-7 2016 Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in S2 mainly comprised ammonium (NH4 (+)), while nitrate (NO3 (-)) predominated in S1. Nitrates 84-91 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 93-96 25923308-2 2016 In this study, we report the assimilation and utilization of nitrate luxuriant levels, 20 times more than the highest N fertilizer application in Europe, by transgenic poplars overexpressing a cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1). Nitrates 61-68 pseudouridine 5'-phosphatase Homo sapiens 225-228 27018849-5 2016 Intriguingly, nitrate to ammonium conversion is impaired in pdx3 mutants, such that the mutants become ammonium-dependent, suggesting an interaction between vitamin B6 and nitrogen metabolism. Nitrates 14-21 pyridoxin (pyrodoxamine) 5'-phosphate oxidase Arabidopsis thaliana 60-64 27049601-0 2016 The AtGRXS3/4/5/7/8 glutaredoxin gene cluster on Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 4 is coordinately regulated by nitrate and appears to control primary root growth. Nitrates 112-119 CAX-interacting protein 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-32 27049601-2 2016 We previously identified a group of class III glutaredoxin genes whose expression is strongly upregulated by nitrate, but not ammonium, in Arabidopsis thaliana shoots and roots. Nitrates 109-116 CAX-interacting protein 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 46-58 27049601-5 2016 Interestingly, there is one additional glutaredoxin, AtGRXS7, in this same gene cluster, but this gene was not identified as nitrate-responsive in our previous studies. Nitrates 125-132 CAX-interacting protein 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-51 26562799-7 2016 Stable isotope data reveal nutrient inputs to the river upstream of the waste water treatment works that are consistent with partially denitrified sewage or livestock sources of nitrate (delta(15)NNO3 range = +11.5 to +13.1%) and with agricultural sources of phosphate (delta(18)OPO4 range = +16.6 to +19.0%). Nitrates 178-185 NNO3 Homo sapiens 196-200 28478405-10 2016 CONCLUSIONS: the combined effect of nitrate and sodium fluoride for 30 days leads to disregulatory increased activity of NO-synthase enzymes and reduction of arginase pathway of L-arginine in the soft tissues of parodontium that is promoted by hyperactivation of iNOS and NF-kappaB, and increased peroxynitrite production. Nitrates 36-43 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 263-267 26694920-0 2015 Nitrate enhances skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation via a nitric oxide-cGMP-PPAR-mediated mechanism. Nitrates 0-7 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha Mus musculus 78-82 26577172-4 2015 The nitrate salts fall into three groups based on their observed rate of NO2 formation (R(NO2)): (1) RbNO3 and KNO3, which readily produce NO2 (R(NO2) > 3 ppb min(-1)), (2) Ca(NO3)2, which produces NO2 more slowly (R(NO2) < 1 ppb min(-1)), and (3) Mg(NO3)2 and NaNO3, which lie between the other two groups. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 103-106 26577172-4 2015 The nitrate salts fall into three groups based on their observed rate of NO2 formation (R(NO2)): (1) RbNO3 and KNO3, which readily produce NO2 (R(NO2) > 3 ppb min(-1)), (2) Ca(NO3)2, which produces NO2 more slowly (R(NO2) < 1 ppb min(-1)), and (3) Mg(NO3)2 and NaNO3, which lie between the other two groups. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 112-115 26694920-6 2015 We show that nitrate induces FA oxidation through a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/cGMP-mediated PPARbeta/delta- and PPARalpha-dependent mechanism. Nitrates 13-20 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha Mus musculus 84-127 26815943-8 2015 The results showed that the nitrate (NO3-), NO2-, TSS, turbidity and total phosphorous (TP) levels were related to the soil type, and the parameters DO, electrical conductivity (EC), ammoniacal nitrogen (N-NH3) and thermotolerant coliforms (TC) were related to organic matter pollution, with the P5 sampling site being the most critical site. Nitrates 28-35 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 37-40 26549233-0 2015 The calcium sensor CBL7 modulates plant responses to low nitrate in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 57-64 calcineurin B-like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 19-23 26549233-4 2015 Here, we report that CBL7 is involved in the regulation of low-nitrate response in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 63-70 calcineurin B-like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 21-25 26549233-5 2015 Expression of CBL7 was predominant in the root of young seedlings and substantially induced by nitrate starvation. Nitrates 95-102 calcineurin B-like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-18 26549233-6 2015 Cbl7 mutant was more inhibited in root growth upon nitrate starvation compared to the wild-type. Nitrates 51-58 calcineurin B-like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 26549233-7 2015 Interestingly, the growth arrest of cbl7 under low-nitrate conditions relied on acidic pH. Nitrates 51-58 calcineurin B-like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 36-40 26549233-9 2015 Accordingly, the cbl7 mutant plants retained lower nitrate content than wild-type plants under low-nitrate condition. Nitrates 51-58 calcineurin B-like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 17-21 26549233-9 2015 Accordingly, the cbl7 mutant plants retained lower nitrate content than wild-type plants under low-nitrate condition. Nitrates 99-106 calcineurin B-like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 17-21 26549233-10 2015 Taken together, our results uncover a novel role of CBL7 in the response to nitrate deficiency in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 76-83 calcineurin B-like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 52-56 26733879-3 2015 Interestingly, the first cloned nitrate transporter in Arabidopsis, NRT1.1 functions as a dual-affinity transporter, which can change its affinity for nitrate in response to substrate availability. Nitrates 32-39 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 68-74 26338830-1 2015 PURPOSE: Dietary nitrate (NO3 (-)) supplementation reduces the O2 cost of fixed-workload tasks performed in temperate environments but has not been examined in the heat. Nitrates 17-24 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 26-29 26385079-1 2015 A gap in our understanding of the beneficial systemic responses to dietary constituents nitrate (NO3(-)), nitrite (NO2(-)) and conjugated linoleic acid (cLA) is the identification of the downstream metabolites that mediate their actions. Nitrates 88-95 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 97-100 26346778-0 2015 G-protein alpha-subunit (GPA1) regulates stress, nitrate and phosphate response, flavonoid biosynthesis, fruit/seed development and substantially shares GCR1 regulation in A. thaliana. Nitrates 49-56 G protein alpha subunit 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-23 26297074-3 2015 We hypothesized that (H1) soil nitrate (NO3 (-) ) is elevated nearer to the urban core, reflecting N deposition gradients. Nitrates 31-38 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 40-43 26346778-0 2015 G-protein alpha-subunit (GPA1) regulates stress, nitrate and phosphate response, flavonoid biosynthesis, fruit/seed development and substantially shares GCR1 regulation in A. thaliana. Nitrates 49-56 G protein alpha subunit 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 25-29 26346778-4 2015 We found 394 GPA1-regulated genes spanning 79 biological processes, including biotic and abiotic stresses, development, flavonoid biosynthesis, transcription factors, transporters and nitrate/phosphate responses. Nitrates 184-191 G protein alpha subunit 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-17 26310141-3 2015 Here we report the differential regulation of expression of POLYAMINE OXIDASE2 of Arabidopsis (AtPAO2) in interaction with ABA, nitrate and ammonium. Nitrates 128-135 polyamine oxidase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 60-78 26094110-3 2015 Nitrate (NO3) concentrations in runoff from semi-natural catchments typically show an annual cycle, with low concentrations during the summer and high concentrations during the winter. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 26605044-2 2015 In this nitrogen removal process, a complete biological denitrification from nitrate (NO3 (-)) to molecular nitrogen (N2) was achieved by four reduction steps, forming nitrite (NO2 (-)), nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) as intermediate compounds. Nitrates 77-84 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 86-89 26635847-3 2015 A connection between changes in auxin transport and nitrate signal transduction has been reported in Arabidopsis thaliana through the NRT1.1, a nitrate sensor and transporter that also functions as a repressor of lateral root growth under low concentrations of nitrate by promoting auxin transport. Nitrates 52-59 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 134-140 26635847-3 2015 A connection between changes in auxin transport and nitrate signal transduction has been reported in Arabidopsis thaliana through the NRT1.1, a nitrate sensor and transporter that also functions as a repressor of lateral root growth under low concentrations of nitrate by promoting auxin transport. Nitrates 144-151 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 134-140 26635847-3 2015 A connection between changes in auxin transport and nitrate signal transduction has been reported in Arabidopsis thaliana through the NRT1.1, a nitrate sensor and transporter that also functions as a repressor of lateral root growth under low concentrations of nitrate by promoting auxin transport. Nitrates 144-151 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 134-140 26325324-1 2015 INTRODUCTION: Dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation serves as an exogenous source of nitrite (NO2-) and nitric oxide (NO) through the NO3- - NO2- - NO pathway, and may improve vascular functions during normoxia. Nitrates 22-29 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 31-34 26325324-1 2015 INTRODUCTION: Dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation serves as an exogenous source of nitrite (NO2-) and nitric oxide (NO) through the NO3- - NO2- - NO pathway, and may improve vascular functions during normoxia. Nitrates 22-29 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 135-138 26151563-7 2015 After adjustment for multiple comparisons using an overall 0.05 level of type I error, the distribution of nitrate penetration values was found to differ significantly among all groups with the exception of DayWhite (median: 10.72 muM) and UltraEZ (median: 9.22 muM), which differed significantly from other groups but not from each other. Nitrates 107-114 latexin Homo sapiens 262-265 26151563-8 2015 The highest levels of nitrate penetration value were observed for PreviDent (median: 27.61 muM) followed by Relief ACP (median: 19.64 muM). Nitrates 22-29 latexin Homo sapiens 91-94 26151563-8 2015 The highest levels of nitrate penetration value were observed for PreviDent (median: 27.61 muM) followed by Relief ACP (median: 19.64 muM). Nitrates 22-29 latexin Homo sapiens 134-137 26508776-0 2015 Nitrate-Dependent Control of Shoot K Homeostasis by the Nitrate Transporter1/Peptide Transporter Family Member NPF7.3/NRT1.5 and the Stelar K+ Outward Rectifier SKOR in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 56-76 26508776-0 2015 Nitrate-Dependent Control of Shoot K Homeostasis by the Nitrate Transporter1/Peptide Transporter Family Member NPF7.3/NRT1.5 and the Stelar K+ Outward Rectifier SKOR in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 118-122 26508776-0 2015 Nitrate-Dependent Control of Shoot K Homeostasis by the Nitrate Transporter1/Peptide Transporter Family Member NPF7.3/NRT1.5 and the Stelar K+ Outward Rectifier SKOR in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 0-7 STELAR K+ outward rectifier Arabidopsis thaliana 161-165 26364226-2 2015 The nitrate removal rates obtained in the methanol- and ethanol-fed mixotrophic denitrifying AnFB-MBRs reached 1.44-3.84 g NO3 -N/L reactor d at a hydraulic retention time of 0.5 h, which were significantly superior to those reported in packed bed reactors. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 123-126 26371233-0 2015 The Nitrate-Inducible NAC Transcription Factor TaNAC2-5A Controls Nitrate Response and Increases Wheat Yield. Nitrates 4-11 NAC domain-containing protein 2 Triticum aestivum 47-53 26371233-0 2015 The Nitrate-Inducible NAC Transcription Factor TaNAC2-5A Controls Nitrate Response and Increases Wheat Yield. Nitrates 66-73 NAC domain-containing protein 2 Triticum aestivum 47-53 26371233-3 2015 Here, we isolated a nitrate-inducible and cereal-specific NAM, ATAF, and CUC (NAC) transcription factor, TaNAC2-5A, from wheat (Triticum aestivum). Nitrates 20-27 NAC domain-containing protein 2 Triticum aestivum 105-111 26310141-3 2015 Here we report the differential regulation of expression of POLYAMINE OXIDASE2 of Arabidopsis (AtPAO2) in interaction with ABA, nitrate and ammonium. Nitrates 128-135 polyamine oxidase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 95-101 26371233-5 2015 Overexpression of TaNAC2-5A in wheat enhanced root growth and nitrate influx rate and, hence, increased the root"s ability to acquire nitrogen. Nitrates 62-69 NAC domain-containing protein 2 Triticum aestivum 18-24 26412597-2 2015 A sampling of structures in which the nitrate ion is solvated by 32 water molecules is optimized using second order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2). Nitrates 38-45 tryptase pseudogene 1 Homo sapiens 152-155 26371233-7 2015 These results suggest that TaNAC2-5A is involved in nitrate signaling and show that it is an exciting gene resource for breeding crops with more efficient use of fertilizer. Nitrates 52-59 NAC domain-containing protein 2 Triticum aestivum 27-33 26276822-2 2015 In mice, ART-induced vascular dysfunction is related to epigenetic alteration of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene, resulting in decreased vascular eNOS expression and nitrite/nitrate synthesis. Nitrates 192-199 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 85-118 26276822-2 2015 In mice, ART-induced vascular dysfunction is related to epigenetic alteration of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene, resulting in decreased vascular eNOS expression and nitrite/nitrate synthesis. Nitrates 192-199 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 120-124 25846114-1 2015 UNLABELLED: It is possible that dietary nitrate (NO3 (-)) supplementation may improve both physical and cognitive performance via its influence on blood flow and cellular energetics. Nitrates 40-47 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 49-52 26304850-10 2015 Our results suggest a model where NRT1.1/AtNPF6.3 and a phospholipase C activity mediate the increase of Ca(2+) in response to nitrate required for changes in expression of prototypical nitrate-responsive genes. Nitrates 127-134 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 34-38 26304850-10 2015 Our results suggest a model where NRT1.1/AtNPF6.3 and a phospholipase C activity mediate the increase of Ca(2+) in response to nitrate required for changes in expression of prototypical nitrate-responsive genes. Nitrates 127-134 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 41-49 26304850-10 2015 Our results suggest a model where NRT1.1/AtNPF6.3 and a phospholipase C activity mediate the increase of Ca(2+) in response to nitrate required for changes in expression of prototypical nitrate-responsive genes. Nitrates 186-193 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 34-38 26304850-10 2015 Our results suggest a model where NRT1.1/AtNPF6.3 and a phospholipase C activity mediate the increase of Ca(2+) in response to nitrate required for changes in expression of prototypical nitrate-responsive genes. Nitrates 186-193 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 41-49 26335797-0 2015 Interaction of Yna1 and Yna2 Is Required for Nuclear Accumulation and Transcriptional Activation of the Nitrate Assimilation Pathway in the Yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Nitrates 104-111 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 15-19 26335797-2 2015 The genes necessary for nitrate assimilation are organised in this organism as a cluster comprising those encoding nitrate reductase (YNR1), nitrite reductase (YNI1), a high affinity transporter (YNT1), as well as the two pathway specific Zn(II)2Cys2 transcriptional activators (YNA1, YNA2). Nitrates 24-31 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 279-283 26335797-4 2015 Yna1p activates YNA2 as well as its own (YNA1) transcription thus forming a nitrate-dependent autoactivation loop. Nitrates 76-83 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 41-45 26231655-6 2015 Nitrate concentrations declined from a high of 25 muM upgradient and adjacent to the barrier to <0.1 muM within the PRB. Nitrates 0-7 RB transcriptional corepressor 1 Homo sapiens 119-122 26084693-1 2015 While acute treatment with beetroot juice (BRJ) containing nitrate (NO3 (-)) can lower systolic blood pressure (SBP), afterload, and myocardial O2 demand during submaximal exercise, effects of chronic supplementation with BRJ (containing a relatively low dose of NO3 (-), 400 mg) on cardiac output (CO), SBP, total peripheral resistance (TPR), and the work of the heart in response to dynamic exercise are not known. Nitrates 59-66 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 68-71 25943519-1 2015 A laboratory column experiment was conducted to test the efficiency of denitrifying bioreactors for the nitrate (NO3-N) removal in drainage waters at different flow rates and after desiccation. Nitrates 104-111 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 113-116 25324021-5 2015 The crop field was responsible for 96% of the total nitrate loading (16.2 t NO3 /year) to the lake even though the field only covered 4.5% of the catchment area. Nitrates 52-59 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 76-79 24224525-1 2015 AIMS: Inorganic nitrate and nitrite from endogenous and dietary sources have emerged as alternative substrates for nitric oxide (NO) formation in addition to the classic L-arginine NO synthase (NOS)-dependent pathway. Nitrates 16-23 nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal Mus musculus 181-192 26347655-7 2015 It is proposed that CuB delivers superoxide to NO bound to Fe-heme forming peroxynitrite, then nitrate that diffuses away. Nitrates 95-102 rhomboid 5 homolog 2 Mus musculus 20-23 26258667-2 2015 ANR1 was reported to play a key role in controlling lateral root development through nitrate signal in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 85-92 AGAMOUS-like 44 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 26008190-8 2015 The nitrate sensitivity was reduced at mM concentrations in a loss-of-function mutant of the nitrate transporter and sensor gene NRT1;1 (NPF6.3). Nitrates 4-11 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 129-133 25937621-1 2015 It is now recognised that administration of oral nitrate (NO3(-)), in its various forms, increases the level of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites in the circulation of humans. Nitrates 49-56 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 58-61 26300787-0 2015 In adenosine A2B knockouts acute treatment with inorganic nitrate improves glucose disposal, oxidative stress, and AMPK signaling in the liver. Nitrates 58-65 adenosine A2b receptor Mus musculus 13-16 26068891-9 2015 Nitrate supplementation was associated with improved insulin response, decreased plasma IL-10 and a trend towards improved survival. Nitrates 0-7 interleukin 10 Mus musculus 88-93 26321266-3 2015 Despite this long standing association between increased vascular XOR activity and negative clinical outcomes, recent reports reveal a new paradigm whereby the enzymatic activity of XOR mediates beneficial outcomes by catalyzing the one electron reduction of nitrite (NO2(-)) to nitric oxide (NO) when NO2(-) and/or nitrate (NO3(-)) levels are enhanced either via dietary or pharmacologic means. Nitrates 316-323 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 182-185 25474587-0 2015 A 150 kDa plasma membrane complex of AtNRT2.5 and AtNAR2.1 is the major contributor to constitutive high-affinity nitrate influx in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 114-121 nitrate transporter2.5 Arabidopsis thaliana 37-45 25474587-4 2015 We demonstrate that AtNRT2.5 is predominantly expressed in roots of nitrate-deprived WT plants as a 150 kDa molecular complex with AtNAR2.1. Nitrates 68-75 nitrate transporter2.5 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-28 25474587-6 2015 The remaining cHATS nitrate influx in these mutants is due to a residual contribution by the inducible high-affinity transporter encoded by AtNRT2.1/AtNAR2.1. Nitrates 20-27 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 140-148 25474587-7 2015 Estimates of the kinetic properties of the NRT2.5 transporter reveal that its low Km for nitrate makes this transporter ideally suited to detect and respond to trace quantities of nitrate in the root environment. Nitrates 89-96 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 43-47 25474587-7 2015 Estimates of the kinetic properties of the NRT2.5 transporter reveal that its low Km for nitrate makes this transporter ideally suited to detect and respond to trace quantities of nitrate in the root environment. Nitrates 180-187 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 43-47 26163808-3 2015 LPS-stimulated iNOS and NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages was assessed by measuring cellular nitrate and superoxide ( [Formula: see text] ) production, respectively. Nitrates 120-127 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 15-19 26163808-4 2015 The generation of both nitrate and [Formula: see text] in response to LPS was suppressed by TLR4 inhibitors, indicating that activation of iNOS and Nox is TLR4-dependent. Nitrates 23-30 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 92-96 26163808-4 2015 The generation of both nitrate and [Formula: see text] in response to LPS was suppressed by TLR4 inhibitors, indicating that activation of iNOS and Nox is TLR4-dependent. Nitrates 23-30 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 139-143 26163808-4 2015 The generation of both nitrate and [Formula: see text] in response to LPS was suppressed by TLR4 inhibitors, indicating that activation of iNOS and Nox is TLR4-dependent. Nitrates 23-30 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 155-159 26151723-1 2015 We present a novel approach for nitrogen (delta(15)N) and oxygen (delta(18)O) isotopic analysis of nitrate in water based on the isotopic analysis of N2O produced from the conversion of NO3(-) by cultured denitrifying bacteria and off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS). Nitrates 99-106 inducible T cell costimulator Homo sapiens 282-286 26197322-2 2015 This paper describes a low-cost, compact, and scalable nitrate sensor based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for monitoring trace amounts of NO3- in selected growing media. Nitrates 55-62 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 150-153 25869522-0 2015 Effect of soluble guanylyl cyclase activator and stimulator therapy on nitroglycerin-induced nitrate tolerance in rats. Nitrates 93-100 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 10-34 25869522-7 2015 sGC activator therapy improves partially the adverse effects of nitroglycerin therapy whereas sGC stimulation has only minor beneficial effects pointing to a nitroglycerin-dependent sGC oxidation/inactivation mechanism contributing to nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 235-242 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-3 26151723-3 2015 Sample analysis time was ~300 s. The use of OA-ICOS technology yields accurate and precise delta(15)N and delta(18)O results for dissolved nitrate samples when nonlinearity issues are considered. Nitrates 139-146 inducible T cell costimulator Homo sapiens 47-51 26091235-3 2015 Recently accumulated evidence has demonstrated that dietary intake of fruits and vegetables rich in nitrate/nitrite is an inexpensive and easily-practicable way to prevent insulin resistance and vascular endothelial dysfunction by increasing the NO availability; a NO-rich diet may also prevent other lifestyle-related diseases, including osteoporosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cancer. Nitrates 100-107 insulin Homo sapiens 172-179 25940469-1 2015 Nitrate (NO3(-)) contamination of freshwater is considered one of the most prevalent global environmental problems. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 25902041-9 2015 On the whole, our in vivo data demonstrate that Arg972 IRS-1 is associated with decreased plasma eNOS and nitrite/nitrate levels in human subjects. Nitrates 114-121 insulin receptor substrate 1 Homo sapiens 48-60 25902041-4 2015 Data from 832 human subjects revealed that heterozygous and homozygous Arg972 IRS-1 carriers had significantly lower levels of plasma eNOS and nitrite/nitrate than the homozygous wild-type (WT) IRS-1 carriers. Nitrates 151-158 insulin receptor substrate 1 Homo sapiens 78-83 25727730-9 2015 Nitrate levels in skeletal muscle and blood in nNOS(-/-) mice were dramatically lower when compared with controls, which support further our hypothesis. Nitrates 0-7 nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal Mus musculus 47-51 26057801-2 2015 THB1 expression is under the control of NIT2, the master regulator of nitrate assimilation, which also controls the expression of the only nitrate reductase in the cell, NIT1. Nitrates 70-77 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 0-4 26057801-2 2015 THB1 expression is under the control of NIT2, the master regulator of nitrate assimilation, which also controls the expression of the only nitrate reductase in the cell, NIT1. Nitrates 70-77 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 40-44 26057801-2 2015 THB1 expression is under the control of NIT2, the master regulator of nitrate assimilation, which also controls the expression of the only nitrate reductase in the cell, NIT1. Nitrates 70-77 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 170-174 26057801-3 2015 In vitro and physiological evidence suggests that THB1 converts the nitric oxide generated by NIT1 into nitrate. Nitrates 104-111 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 50-54 26057801-3 2015 In vitro and physiological evidence suggests that THB1 converts the nitric oxide generated by NIT1 into nitrate. Nitrates 104-111 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 94-98 25700865-1 2015 This work presents a novel electrochemical assay for the collective measurement of nitric oxide (NO) and its metabolites nitrite (NO2(-)) and nitrate (NO3(-)) in volume miniaturized sample at low cost using copper(II) chlorophyllin (CuCP) modified sensor electrode. Nitrates 142-149 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 151-154 25826741-7 2015 Nitrate supplementation has been shown to increase NO-dependent vasodilatation through both NO synthase (NOS)-dependent and NOS-independent pathways. Nitrates 0-7 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 92-103 25694484-6 2015 ANG II also increased renal production of ROS and urinary excretion of thiobarburic acid-reactive substances and reduced the activity of antioxidants and urinary excretion of nitrite/nitrate and the 17beta-estradiol metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol in Cyp1b1(-/-) but not Cyp1b1(+/+) mice. Nitrates 183-190 angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) Mus musculus 0-6 25661464-0 2015 [Nitrate concentrations in tap water in Spain]. Nitrates 1-8 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 27-30 24990704-8 2015 The following predictors were found to be associated with EPO prescription: iron supplementation (odds ratio [OR] 52.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 11.70-237.46), renal clinic appointment (OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.79-3.76), malignancy (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.07-2.16) and use of hydralazine/nitrates (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.03-1.92). Nitrates 281-289 erythropoietin Homo sapiens 58-61 25991919-1 2015 BACKGROUND AND AIM: The ability of inorganic nitrate and nitrite to convert to nitric oxide (NO), and some of its properties e.g. regulation of glucose metabolism, vascular homeostasis, and insulin signaling pathway, have recently raised the hypothesis that inorganic nitrate and nitrite could be potential therapeutic agents in type 2 diabetes. Nitrates 45-52 insulin Homo sapiens 190-197 25991919-1 2015 BACKGROUND AND AIM: The ability of inorganic nitrate and nitrite to convert to nitric oxide (NO), and some of its properties e.g. regulation of glucose metabolism, vascular homeostasis, and insulin signaling pathway, have recently raised the hypothesis that inorganic nitrate and nitrite could be potential therapeutic agents in type 2 diabetes. Nitrates 268-275 insulin Homo sapiens 190-197 25943353-0 2015 Nitrate sensing and uptake in Arabidopsis are enhanced by ABI2, a phosphatase inactivated by the stress hormone abscisic acid. Nitrates 0-7 Protein phosphatase 2C family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 58-62 25943353-4 2015 NPF6.3 (also known as NRT1.1), which functions as a nitrate sensor and transporter; the kinase CIPK23; and the calcium sensor CBL9 form a complex that is crucial for nitrate sensing in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 52-59 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-28 25943353-4 2015 NPF6.3 (also known as NRT1.1), which functions as a nitrate sensor and transporter; the kinase CIPK23; and the calcium sensor CBL9 form a complex that is crucial for nitrate sensing in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-28 25943353-4 2015 NPF6.3 (also known as NRT1.1), which functions as a nitrate sensor and transporter; the kinase CIPK23; and the calcium sensor CBL9 form a complex that is crucial for nitrate sensing in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 166-173 CBL-interacting protein kinase 23 Arabidopsis thaliana 95-101 25943353-4 2015 NPF6.3 (also known as NRT1.1), which functions as a nitrate sensor and transporter; the kinase CIPK23; and the calcium sensor CBL9 form a complex that is crucial for nitrate sensing in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 166-173 calcineurin B-like protein 9 Arabidopsis thaliana 126-130 25943353-5 2015 We identified two additional components that regulate nitrate transport, sensing, and signaling: the calcium sensor CBL1 and protein phosphatase 2C family member ABI2, which is inhibited by the stress-response hormone abscisic acid. Nitrates 54-61 calcineurin B-like protein 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 116-120 25943353-5 2015 We identified two additional components that regulate nitrate transport, sensing, and signaling: the calcium sensor CBL1 and protein phosphatase 2C family member ABI2, which is inhibited by the stress-response hormone abscisic acid. Nitrates 54-61 Protein phosphatase 2C family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 162-166 25943353-7 2015 Coexpression studies in Xenopus oocytes and analysis of plants deficient in ABI2 indicated that ABI2 enhanced NPF6.3-dependent nitrate transport, nitrate sensing, and nitrate signaling. Nitrates 127-134 abl-interactor 2 S homeolog Xenopus laevis 76-80 25943353-7 2015 Coexpression studies in Xenopus oocytes and analysis of plants deficient in ABI2 indicated that ABI2 enhanced NPF6.3-dependent nitrate transport, nitrate sensing, and nitrate signaling. Nitrates 127-134 abl-interactor 2 S homeolog Xenopus laevis 96-100 25943353-7 2015 Coexpression studies in Xenopus oocytes and analysis of plants deficient in ABI2 indicated that ABI2 enhanced NPF6.3-dependent nitrate transport, nitrate sensing, and nitrate signaling. Nitrates 146-153 abl-interactor 2 S homeolog Xenopus laevis 96-100 25943353-7 2015 Coexpression studies in Xenopus oocytes and analysis of plants deficient in ABI2 indicated that ABI2 enhanced NPF6.3-dependent nitrate transport, nitrate sensing, and nitrate signaling. Nitrates 146-153 abl-interactor 2 S homeolog Xenopus laevis 96-100 25943353-8 2015 These findings suggest that ABI2 may functionally link stress-regulated control of growth and nitrate uptake and utilization, which are energy-expensive processes. Nitrates 94-101 Protein phosphatase 2C family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 28-32 25917853-9 2015 CONCLUSIONS: Homozygosity for the G allele of the eNOS G894T polymorphism was associated with worse survival in systolic HF patients, especially in those treated with nitrates. Nitrates 167-175 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 50-54 25727730-10 2015 Although the nitrate reductase activity of xanthine oxidoreductase in muscle is less than that of liver, the residual activity in muscle could be very important in view of its total mass and the high basal level of nitrate. Nitrates 13-20 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 43-66 25849210-1 2015 Ecologists have found a close relationship between the concentrations of nitrate (NO3-) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in ecosystems. Nitrates 73-80 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 82-85 25819437-0 2015 LeNRT2.3 functions in nitrate acquisition and long-distance transport in tomato. Nitrates 22-29 nitrate transporter NRT2.3 Solanum lycopersicum 0-8 25819437-3 2015 In this study, we report the functions of LeNRT2.3 in nitrate transport in tomato. Nitrates 54-61 nitrate transporter NRT2.3 Solanum lycopersicum 42-50 25819437-4 2015 Our results show that LeNRT2.3 is induced by nitrate, and mainly localizes to the plasma membranes of rhizodermal and pericycle cells in roots. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate transporter NRT2.3 Solanum lycopersicum 22-30 25819437-5 2015 Further analysis in Xenopus oocytes showed that LeNRT2.3 mediates low-affinity nitrate transport. Nitrates 79-86 nitrate transporter NRT2.3 Solanum lycopersicum 48-56 25819437-6 2015 35S:LeNRT2.3 increased nitrate uptake in root and transport from root to shoot. Nitrates 23-30 nitrate transporter NRT2.3 Solanum lycopersicum 4-12 25819437-8 2015 Taken together, these results suggest that LeNRT2.3 plays a double role in nitrate uptake and long-distance transport in tomato. Nitrates 75-82 nitrate transporter NRT2.3 Solanum lycopersicum 43-51 25772087-1 2015 Highly oxidizing nitrate radicals (NO3 ) are easily accessed from readily available nitrate salts by visible light photoredox catalysis using a purely organic dye as the catalyst and oxygen as the terminal oxidant. Nitrates 84-97 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 35-38 25772087-2 2015 The interaction of the excited catalyst and nitrate anions was studied by spectroscopic methods to elucidate the mechanism, and the method was applied to the NO3 induced oxidation of alkynes and alcohols. Nitrates 44-51 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 158-161 25303373-8 2015 Furthermore, chronic treatment of these patients with drugs like ACE inhibitors, statins and nitrates may modify signalling, inhibiting the protective effect of postconditioning mimetics, or conversely induce a maximally protected state wherein no further benefit can be demonstrated. Nitrates 93-101 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 65-68 27246882-0 2015 Multiple mechanisms of nitrate sensing by Arabidopsis nitrate transceptor NRT1.1. Nitrates 23-30 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 74-80 25695878-8 2015 The computed structure of PuO3(NO3)2(-) is essentially a plutonyl(VI) core, Pu(VI)O2(2+), coordinated in the equatorial plane by two nitrate ligands and one radical oxygen atom. Nitrates 133-140 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 31-34 26164890-6 2015 Sulfate mainly existed in fine particle in the forms of (NH4)2SO4 and K2SO4, while nitrate mainly existed in coarse particle in the form of Mg(NO3)2. Nitrates 83-90 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 143-146 25659431-0 2015 Mycobacterium tuberculosis response regulators, DevR and NarL, interact in vivo and co-regulate gene expression during aerobic nitrate metabolism. Nitrates 127-134 nitrate/nitrite response transcriptional regulator NarL Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv 57-61 25659431-1 2015 Mycobacterium tuberculosis genes Rv0844c/Rv0845 encoding the NarL response regulator and NarS histidine kinase are hypothesized to constitute a two-component system involved in the regulation of nitrate metabolism. Nitrates 195-202 nitrate/nitrite response transcriptional regulator NarL Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv 61-65 25659431-4 2015 Transcriptional profiling between M. tuberculosis H37Rv and a DeltanarL mutant strain during exponential growth in broth cultures with or without nitrate defined an ~30-gene NarL regulon that exhibited significant overlap with DevR-regulated genes, thereby implicating a role for the DevR response regulator in the regulation of nitrate metabolism. Nitrates 146-153 nitrate/nitrite response transcriptional regulator NarL Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv 174-178 25683572-1 2015 When oxygen is limiting in soils and sediments, microorganisms utilize nitrate (NO3-) in respiration--through the process of denitrification--leading to the production of dinitrogen (N2) gas and trace amounts of nitrous (N2O) and nitric (NO) oxides. Nitrates 71-78 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 80-83 27246882-1 2015 In Arabidopsis the plasma membrane nitrate transceptor (transporter/receptor) NRT1.1 governs many physiological and developmental responses to nitrate. Nitrates 35-42 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 78-82 27246882-1 2015 In Arabidopsis the plasma membrane nitrate transceptor (transporter/receptor) NRT1.1 governs many physiological and developmental responses to nitrate. Nitrates 143-150 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 78-82 27246882-2 2015 Alongside facilitating nitrate uptake, NRT1.1 regulates the expression levels of many nitrate assimilation pathway genes, modulates root system architecture, relieves seed dormancy and protects plants from ammonium toxicity. Nitrates 23-30 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-43 27246882-2 2015 Alongside facilitating nitrate uptake, NRT1.1 regulates the expression levels of many nitrate assimilation pathway genes, modulates root system architecture, relieves seed dormancy and protects plants from ammonium toxicity. Nitrates 86-93 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-43 27246882-4 2015 We show that the point mutations differentially affect several of the NRT1.1-dependent responses to nitrate, namely the repression of lateral root development at low nitrate concentrations, and the short-term upregulation of the nitrate-uptake gene NRT2.1, and its longer-term downregulation, at high nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 100-107 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-74 27246882-4 2015 We show that the point mutations differentially affect several of the NRT1.1-dependent responses to nitrate, namely the repression of lateral root development at low nitrate concentrations, and the short-term upregulation of the nitrate-uptake gene NRT2.1, and its longer-term downregulation, at high nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 100-107 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 249-255 27246882-4 2015 We show that the point mutations differentially affect several of the NRT1.1-dependent responses to nitrate, namely the repression of lateral root development at low nitrate concentrations, and the short-term upregulation of the nitrate-uptake gene NRT2.1, and its longer-term downregulation, at high nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-74 27246882-4 2015 We show that the point mutations differentially affect several of the NRT1.1-dependent responses to nitrate, namely the repression of lateral root development at low nitrate concentrations, and the short-term upregulation of the nitrate-uptake gene NRT2.1, and its longer-term downregulation, at high nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 249-255 27246882-4 2015 We show that the point mutations differentially affect several of the NRT1.1-dependent responses to nitrate, namely the repression of lateral root development at low nitrate concentrations, and the short-term upregulation of the nitrate-uptake gene NRT2.1, and its longer-term downregulation, at high nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-74 27246882-4 2015 We show that the point mutations differentially affect several of the NRT1.1-dependent responses to nitrate, namely the repression of lateral root development at low nitrate concentrations, and the short-term upregulation of the nitrate-uptake gene NRT2.1, and its longer-term downregulation, at high nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 249-255 27246882-4 2015 We show that the point mutations differentially affect several of the NRT1.1-dependent responses to nitrate, namely the repression of lateral root development at low nitrate concentrations, and the short-term upregulation of the nitrate-uptake gene NRT2.1, and its longer-term downregulation, at high nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-74 27246882-4 2015 We show that the point mutations differentially affect several of the NRT1.1-dependent responses to nitrate, namely the repression of lateral root development at low nitrate concentrations, and the short-term upregulation of the nitrate-uptake gene NRT2.1, and its longer-term downregulation, at high nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 249-255 27246882-7 2015 In particular, we present evidence to suggest that the phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated forms of NRT1.1 at T101 have distinct signalling functions, and that the nitrate-dependent regulation of root development depends on the phosphorylated form. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 102-106 25422368-5 2015 At higher nitrate doses, however, a partial reversal of this effect occurred; this was accompanied by increased renal erythropoietin expression and stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors, likely brought about by the relative anemia. Nitrates 10-17 erythropoietin Rattus norvegicus 118-132 25343972-2 2015 The AnFB-MBR produced consistent high-quality product water when fed by a synthetic groundwater with NO3 (-)-N ranging 25-80 mg/L and operated at hydraulic retention times of 0.5-5.0 h. A nitrate removal rate of up to 4.0 g NO3 (-)-N/Lreactord was attained by the bioreactor, which exceeded any reported removal capacity. Nitrates 188-195 translocator protein Homo sapiens 9-12 25343972-2 2015 The AnFB-MBR produced consistent high-quality product water when fed by a synthetic groundwater with NO3 (-)-N ranging 25-80 mg/L and operated at hydraulic retention times of 0.5-5.0 h. A nitrate removal rate of up to 4.0 g NO3 (-)-N/Lreactord was attained by the bioreactor, which exceeded any reported removal capacity. Nitrates 188-195 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 224-227 25688692-6 2015 Nitrate reduction activity, the first step in the denitrification process, was recorded for isolates under simulated anoxic, deep-sea conditions showing ecological significance of fungi in the oxygen-depleted habitats. Nitrates 0-7 S13 erythroblastosis (avian) oncogene homolog Homo sapiens 130-133 25422368-7 2015 Suppression of hepatic erythropoietin expression by nitrate may thus act to decrease blood viscosity while matching oxygen supply to demand, whereas renal oxygen sensing could act as a brake, averting a potentially detrimental fall in hematocrit. Nitrates 52-59 erythropoietin Rattus norvegicus 23-37 24986777-4 2015 The GC/NR electrode shows a pronounced cathodic wave for nitrate reduction and the catalytic current increases linearly in the nitrate concentration range of 10-400 microM with a correlation coefficient of 0.989. Nitrates 127-134 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 7-9 25764461-8 2015 Redundancy analysis showed that dissolved organic carbon, ammonium (NH4 (+)), ferrous iron (Fe(2+)) and nitrate (NO3 (-)) in pore water explained 33.4% of the variation in soil bacterial community composition, implying that urea regimes influenced the relative abundance of some bacterial populations possibly by regulating soil characteristics and then influencing N2O emission. Nitrates 104-111 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 113-116 25524070-7 2015 On the other hand, the concomitant presence of urea and nitrate enhanced the overexpression of genes involved in nitrate transport (NRT2) and assimilation (nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase 2), and a specific response of 41 transcripts was determined, including glutamine synthetase 1-5, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, shikimate kinase and arogenate dehydrogenase. Nitrates 56-63 nitrate transport 2 Zea mays 132-136 24986777-0 2015 A sensitive and stable amperometric nitrate biosensor employing Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate reductase. Nitrates 36-43 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 85-102 24986777-1 2015 Nitrate reductase (NR) from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana has been employed in the development of an amperometric nitrate biosensor that functions at physiological pH. Nitrates 115-122 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-17 24986777-1 2015 Nitrate reductase (NR) from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana has been employed in the development of an amperometric nitrate biosensor that functions at physiological pH. Nitrates 115-122 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 19-21 24986777-3 2015 Nitrate is enzymatically reduced to nitrite and the oxidized form of NR is electrochemically reduced by the hydroquinone form of the mediator (AQH2). Nitrates 0-7 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 69-71 24986777-4 2015 The GC/NR electrode shows a pronounced cathodic wave for nitrate reduction and the catalytic current increases linearly in the nitrate concentration range of 10-400 microM with a correlation coefficient of 0.989. Nitrates 57-64 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 7-9 24944085-0 2015 Anion channel SLAH3 functions in nitrate-dependent alleviation of ammonium toxicity in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 33-40 SLAC1 homologue 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-19 24944085-5 2015 Interestingly, such toxicity was more severe in slah3 mutants and, particularly in wild-type plants, was alleviated by supplementing the media with micromolar levels of nitrate. Nitrates 169-176 SLAC1 homologue 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 48-53 24944085-6 2015 These data thus provide evidence that SLAH3, a nitrate efflux channel, plays a role in nitrate-dependent alleviation of ammonium toxicity in plants. Nitrates 47-54 SLAC1 homologue 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 38-43 25554360-1 2015 Nitrate supplementation in the form of beetroot juice has been shown to increase nitric oxide (NO) where nitrate can be reduced to nitrite and, subsequently, to NO through both nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent and -independent pathways. Nitrates 0-7 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 177-198 25554360-1 2015 Nitrate supplementation in the form of beetroot juice has been shown to increase nitric oxide (NO) where nitrate can be reduced to nitrite and, subsequently, to NO through both nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent and -independent pathways. Nitrates 105-112 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 177-198 25524070-7 2015 On the other hand, the concomitant presence of urea and nitrate enhanced the overexpression of genes involved in nitrate transport (NRT2) and assimilation (nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase 2), and a specific response of 41 transcripts was determined, including glutamine synthetase 1-5, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, shikimate kinase and arogenate dehydrogenase. Nitrates 56-63 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic Zea mays 168-185 25524070-7 2015 On the other hand, the concomitant presence of urea and nitrate enhanced the overexpression of genes involved in nitrate transport (NRT2) and assimilation (nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase 2), and a specific response of 41 transcripts was determined, including glutamine synthetase 1-5, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, shikimate kinase and arogenate dehydrogenase. Nitrates 56-63 glutamine synthetase root isozyme 2 Zea mays 187-209 25524070-7 2015 On the other hand, the concomitant presence of urea and nitrate enhanced the overexpression of genes involved in nitrate transport (NRT2) and assimilation (nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase 2), and a specific response of 41 transcripts was determined, including glutamine synthetase 1-5, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, shikimate kinase and arogenate dehydrogenase. Nitrates 113-120 nitrate transport 2 Zea mays 132-136 25524070-7 2015 On the other hand, the concomitant presence of urea and nitrate enhanced the overexpression of genes involved in nitrate transport (NRT2) and assimilation (nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase 2), and a specific response of 41 transcripts was determined, including glutamine synthetase 1-5, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, shikimate kinase and arogenate dehydrogenase. Nitrates 113-120 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic Zea mays 168-185 25524070-7 2015 On the other hand, the concomitant presence of urea and nitrate enhanced the overexpression of genes involved in nitrate transport (NRT2) and assimilation (nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase 2), and a specific response of 41 transcripts was determined, including glutamine synthetase 1-5, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, shikimate kinase and arogenate dehydrogenase. Nitrates 113-120 glutamine synthetase root isozyme 2 Zea mays 187-209 25524070-7 2015 On the other hand, the concomitant presence of urea and nitrate enhanced the overexpression of genes involved in nitrate transport (NRT2) and assimilation (nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase 2), and a specific response of 41 transcripts was determined, including glutamine synthetase 1-5, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, shikimate kinase and arogenate dehydrogenase. Nitrates 113-120 nitrate transport 2 Zea mays 132-136 25588735-8 2015 Interestingly, starch and sucrose accumulation could be prevented and nitrate levels could be maintained by supplying the ppc1/ppc2 mutant with exogenous malate and glutamate, suggesting that low nitrogen status resulted in the alteration of carbon metabolism and prompted the accumulation of starch and sucrose in the ppc1/ppc2 mutant. Nitrates 70-77 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 122-126 25524070-7 2015 On the other hand, the concomitant presence of urea and nitrate enhanced the overexpression of genes involved in nitrate transport (NRT2) and assimilation (nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase 2), and a specific response of 41 transcripts was determined, including glutamine synthetase 1-5, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, shikimate kinase and arogenate dehydrogenase. Nitrates 113-120 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic Zea mays 168-185 25524070-7 2015 On the other hand, the concomitant presence of urea and nitrate enhanced the overexpression of genes involved in nitrate transport (NRT2) and assimilation (nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase 2), and a specific response of 41 transcripts was determined, including glutamine synthetase 1-5, glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase, shikimate kinase and arogenate dehydrogenase. Nitrates 113-120 glutamine synthetase root isozyme 2 Zea mays 187-209 25588735-7 2015 Furthermore, nitrate levels in the ppc1/ppc2 mutant were significantly lower than those in wild-type plants due to the suppression of ammonium assimilation. Nitrates 13-20 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 35-39 25723764-0 2015 AtNIGT1/HRS1 integrates nitrate and phosphate signals at the Arabidopsis root tip. Nitrates 24-31 myb-like transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 8-12 25588735-7 2015 Furthermore, nitrate levels in the ppc1/ppc2 mutant were significantly lower than those in wild-type plants due to the suppression of ammonium assimilation. Nitrates 13-20 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 40-44 27682076-8 2015 Sulphate- and nitrate-reducing microbes were particularly responsive to the addition of C-1 compounds and sulphate. Nitrates 14-21 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C Homo sapiens 88-91 25598207-7 2015 Moreover, AnO2(HL)2(NO3)2 are the most stable species in nitrate-rich acid solutions, while at low nitric acid concentrations, the complexing reaction of AnO2(H2O)5(2+) + 2(HL)2 AnO2(HL2)2 + 2H(+) + 5H2O is probably the dominant reaction in the extraction process. Nitrates 57-64 anoctamin 2 Homo sapiens 10-14 25598207-7 2015 Moreover, AnO2(HL)2(NO3)2 are the most stable species in nitrate-rich acid solutions, while at low nitric acid concentrations, the complexing reaction of AnO2(H2O)5(2+) + 2(HL)2 AnO2(HL2)2 + 2H(+) + 5H2O is probably the dominant reaction in the extraction process. Nitrates 57-64 anoctamin 2 Homo sapiens 154-158 25598207-7 2015 Moreover, AnO2(HL)2(NO3)2 are the most stable species in nitrate-rich acid solutions, while at low nitric acid concentrations, the complexing reaction of AnO2(H2O)5(2+) + 2(HL)2 AnO2(HL2)2 + 2H(+) + 5H2O is probably the dominant reaction in the extraction process. Nitrates 57-64 anoctamin 2 Homo sapiens 154-158 25596127-0 2015 AtTGA4, a bZIP transcription factor, confers drought resistance by enhancing nitrate transport and assimilation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 77-84 TGACG motif-binding factor 4 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 25596127-5 2015 Following drought stress there were higher nitrogen and proline contents in transgenic AtTGA4 plants than in wild type controls, and activity of the key enzyme nitrite reductase (NIR) involved in nitrate assimilation processes was also higher. Nitrates 196-203 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 160-177 25596127-6 2015 Expressions of the high-affinity nitrate transporter genes NRT2.1 and NRT2.2 and nitrate reductase genes NIA1 and NIA2 in transgenic plants were all higher than in wild type indicating that higher levels of nitrate transport and assimilation activity contributed to enhanced drought resistance of AtTGA4 transgenic plants. Nitrates 33-40 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 59-65 25596127-6 2015 Expressions of the high-affinity nitrate transporter genes NRT2.1 and NRT2.2 and nitrate reductase genes NIA1 and NIA2 in transgenic plants were all higher than in wild type indicating that higher levels of nitrate transport and assimilation activity contributed to enhanced drought resistance of AtTGA4 transgenic plants. Nitrates 33-40 nitrate transporter 2.2 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-76 25638054-6 2015 The central part of the study area showed elevated nitrate concentration ranging from below detection limit (BDL) to 263.5 mg/l as NO3 (-) and demonstrated high attenuation within the immediate vicinity thereby restricting diffusion of the nitrate to the adjacent parts. Nitrates 51-58 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 131-134 25638054-8 2015 Seventy-seven percent of samples with high nitrate concentration (>45 mg/l as NO3 (-)) showed strong association with high Cl/Br mass ratio (350-900), indicating mixing of sewage and septic tank effluents with groundwater as a primary source for the nitrate in the studied area. Nitrates 43-50 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 81-84 25638054-8 2015 Seventy-seven percent of samples with high nitrate concentration (>45 mg/l as NO3 (-)) showed strong association with high Cl/Br mass ratio (350-900), indicating mixing of sewage and septic tank effluents with groundwater as a primary source for the nitrate in the studied area. Nitrates 253-260 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 81-84 25638054-9 2015 Nitrate level during monsoon (BDL, 229.9 mg/l as NO3 (-)), post-monsoon (BDL, 263.5 mg/l as NO3 (-)), and pre-monsoon (0.5-223.1 mg/l as NO3 (-)) indicated additional contribution of surface leaching to groundwater. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 49-52 25638054-9 2015 Nitrate level during monsoon (BDL, 229.9 mg/l as NO3 (-)), post-monsoon (BDL, 263.5 mg/l as NO3 (-)), and pre-monsoon (0.5-223.1 mg/l as NO3 (-)) indicated additional contribution of surface leaching to groundwater. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 92-95 25638054-9 2015 Nitrate level during monsoon (BDL, 229.9 mg/l as NO3 (-)), post-monsoon (BDL, 263.5 mg/l as NO3 (-)), and pre-monsoon (0.5-223.1 mg/l as NO3 (-)) indicated additional contribution of surface leaching to groundwater. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 92-95 25592012-0 2015 Effects of polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthase and folate metabolizing genes on the concentration of serum nitrate, folate, and plasma total homocysteine after folic acid supplementation: a double-blind crossover study. Nitrates 122-129 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 28-61 25292296-8 2015 The presence of high SO4 (2-)/nitrate (NO3 (-)) concentrations indicated that the burning of coals gives significant contributions to PM10 and PM2.5. Nitrates 30-37 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 39-42 25056869-4 2015 The bEnd3 cells were exposed to 100 muM Hcy treatment in the presence or absence of 30 muM NaHS (donor of H2S) for 24 h. Hcy-activate NMDA receptor and induced mitochondrial toxicity by increased levels of Ca(2+), NADPH-oxidase-4 (NOX-4) expression, mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity and decreased the level of nitrate, superoxide dismutase (SOD-2) expression, mitochondria membrane potentials, ATP production. Nitrates 314-321 BEN domain containing 3 Mus musculus 4-9 25592012-4 2015 The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and genes involved in folate metabolism affect the concentration of serum nitrate, serum folate, and plasma total homocysteine in healthy individuals after folic acid supplementation. Nitrates 189-196 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 74-107 25592012-4 2015 The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic polymorphisms in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and genes involved in folate metabolism affect the concentration of serum nitrate, serum folate, and plasma total homocysteine in healthy individuals after folic acid supplementation. Nitrates 189-196 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 109-113 25592012-12 2015 A significant difference in the concentration of serum nitrate was detected among individuals with MTHFR C > T677 polymorphisms. Nitrates 55-62 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase Homo sapiens 99-104 25064505-1 2015 Metal complexes of the chloride, nitrate and acetate salts of Co(II), Ni(II) Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) or Hg(II) with 2,3-butanedione bis(isonicotinylhydrazone) [BBINH] have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Nitrates 33-40 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 62-68 25494936-6 2015 First, we found that THB1 and THB2 expression is modulated by the nitrogen source and depends on NIT2, a transcription factor required for nitrate assimilation genes expression. Nitrates 139-146 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 21-25 25494936-6 2015 First, we found that THB1 and THB2 expression is modulated by the nitrogen source and depends on NIT2, a transcription factor required for nitrate assimilation genes expression. Nitrates 139-146 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 30-34 25494936-6 2015 First, we found that THB1 and THB2 expression is modulated by the nitrogen source and depends on NIT2, a transcription factor required for nitrate assimilation genes expression. Nitrates 139-146 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 97-101 25494936-7 2015 Furthermore, THB1 is highly expressed in the presence of NO and is able to convert NO into nitrate in vitro. Nitrates 91-98 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 13-17 25416287-0 2015 NODULE INCEPTION antagonistically regulates gene expression with nitrate in Lotus japonicus. Nitrates 65-72 nin Lotus japonicus 0-16 25416287-2 2015 Lotus japonicus NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) is an essential factor that specifically and positively regulates nodulation processes, and has evolved from a member of the NIN-like proteins, of which Arabidopsis homologs target nitrate-responsive elements (NREs), and activate gene expression in response to nitrate. Nitrates 220-227 nin Lotus japonicus 16-32 25416287-2 2015 Lotus japonicus NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) is an essential factor that specifically and positively regulates nodulation processes, and has evolved from a member of the NIN-like proteins, of which Arabidopsis homologs target nitrate-responsive elements (NREs), and activate gene expression in response to nitrate. Nitrates 220-227 nin Lotus japonicus 34-37 25416287-2 2015 Lotus japonicus NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) is an essential factor that specifically and positively regulates nodulation processes, and has evolved from a member of the NIN-like proteins, of which Arabidopsis homologs target nitrate-responsive elements (NREs), and activate gene expression in response to nitrate. Nitrates 220-227 nin Lotus japonicus 164-167 25416287-2 2015 Lotus japonicus NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) is an essential factor that specifically and positively regulates nodulation processes, and has evolved from a member of the NIN-like proteins, of which Arabidopsis homologs target nitrate-responsive elements (NREs), and activate gene expression in response to nitrate. Nitrates 300-307 nin Lotus japonicus 16-32 25416287-2 2015 Lotus japonicus NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) is an essential factor that specifically and positively regulates nodulation processes, and has evolved from a member of the NIN-like proteins, of which Arabidopsis homologs target nitrate-responsive elements (NREs), and activate gene expression in response to nitrate. Nitrates 300-307 nin Lotus japonicus 34-37 25416287-2 2015 Lotus japonicus NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) is an essential factor that specifically and positively regulates nodulation processes, and has evolved from a member of the NIN-like proteins, of which Arabidopsis homologs target nitrate-responsive elements (NREs), and activate gene expression in response to nitrate. Nitrates 300-307 nin Lotus japonicus 164-167 25416287-4 2015 However, nodulation is inhibited in the presence of nitrate, and involvement of NIN in nitrate responses has remained largely unknown. Nitrates 87-94 nin Lotus japonicus 80-83 25416287-6 2015 Chromatin immunoprecitiation (ChIP)-PCR analyses showed that NIN targeted NREs in L. japonicus nitrate-inducible gene promoters, including LjNIR1, LjNRT2.1 and LjNRT2.2. Nitrates 95-102 nin Lotus japonicus 61-64 25416287-9 2015 NIN ectopic expression interfered with nitrate-dependent activation of these genes. Nitrates 39-46 nin Lotus japonicus 0-3 25416287-10 2015 Nitrate treatment followed by NIN activation down-regulated expression of symbiotic NIN target genes. Nitrates 0-7 nin Lotus japonicus 84-87 25416287-11 2015 Our results showed that NIN and nitrate antagonistically regulate expression of genes that are activated by nitrate and NIN, respectively. Nitrates 32-39 nin Lotus japonicus 120-123 25416287-11 2015 Our results showed that NIN and nitrate antagonistically regulate expression of genes that are activated by nitrate and NIN, respectively. Nitrates 108-115 nin Lotus japonicus 24-27 25678741-10 2015 The P(O)OH groups maintain their ability to bind metal ions within the HAP matrix: contacting the modified HAP with 10-4 N nitrate solutions of five transition metal ions gives an affinity sequence of Pb(II) > Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II) > Cu(II). Nitrates 123-130 submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B Homo sapiens 201-207 25431333-1 2015 The oxidation of elemental palladium at 100 C in a mixture of fuming nitric acid and a pyridine-SO3 complex leads to the anhydrous nitrate Pd(NO3)2 (monoclinic, P2(1)/n, Z=2, a=469.12(3) pm, b=593.89(3) pm, c=805.72(4) pm, beta=105.989(3) , V=215.79(2) A(3)). Nitrates 132-139 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 162-167 26451288-3 2015 Recently, we employed a combined histological, metabolomics, and transcriptional and protein analysis approach to establish that nitrate promoted the "browning" of white adipose tissue via the xanthine oxidoreductase catalyzed reductive nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway. Nitrates 129-136 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 193-216 26451288-3 2015 Recently, we employed a combined histological, metabolomics, and transcriptional and protein analysis approach to establish that nitrate promoted the "browning" of white adipose tissue via the xanthine oxidoreductase catalyzed reductive nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway. Nitrates 237-244 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 193-216 25459828-0 2015 Enhanced removal of nitrate using starch/PCL blends as solid carbon source in a constructed wetland. Nitrates 20-27 PHD finger protein 1 Homo sapiens 41-44 25512598-3 2015 We found that permeant ions such as nitrate can increase the open probability (Po) of wild-type (WT) CFTR by increasing the opening rate and decreasing the closing rate. Nitrates 36-43 CF transmembrane conductance regulator Homo sapiens 101-105 25312438-0 2015 Nitrate, nitrite, and nitric oxide find a home in the kidney by offsetting angiotensin II-mediated hypertension. Nitrates 0-7 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 75-89 25312440-3 2015 We investigated the hypothesis that inorganic nitrate and nitrite attenuate reactivity of renal microcirculation and blood pressure responses to angiotensin II (ANG II) by modulating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity and NO bioavailability. Nitrates 46-53 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 145-159 25312440-3 2015 We investigated the hypothesis that inorganic nitrate and nitrite attenuate reactivity of renal microcirculation and blood pressure responses to angiotensin II (ANG II) by modulating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity and NO bioavailability. Nitrates 46-53 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 161-167 25312440-12 2015 Moreover, supplementation with dietary nitrate (10(-2) mol/L) reduced renal NADPH oxidase activity and attenuated ANG II-mediated arteriolar contractions and hypertension (99+-2-146+-2 mm Hg) compared with placebo (100+-3-168+-3 mm Hg). Nitrates 39-46 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 114-120 24840342-3 2015 Pretreatment of RBCs with the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine, prior to the addition of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), an activator of PKC, blocks the appearance of the morphology alterations and the sustained decrease in nitrates and nitrites levels induced by PMA. Nitrates 226-234 proline rich transmembrane protein 2 Homo sapiens 30-33 25922551-5 2015 The inflammatory response expressed by PTX3 had a significant relationship with age, heart failure, infarct size, impaired flow in the infarct-related artery, and renal function and positively correlated with neopterin, TNF-alpha, 8-hydroxy-2"-deoxyguanosine, and nitrite/nitrate. Nitrates 272-279 pentraxin 3 Homo sapiens 39-43 25512598-5 2015 Surprisingly, the effects of nitrate on CFTR gating are remarkably similar to those of VX-770 (N-(2,4-Di-tert-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxamide), a potent CFTR potentiator used in clinics. Nitrates 29-36 CF transmembrane conductance regulator Homo sapiens 40-44 25480007-6 2015 The stimulatory effect of Suc and 2-OG on nitrate reduction was less pronounced in hxk1 mutant roots with T-DNA insertion in the AtHXK1 gene encoding hexokinase1 (HXK1) and characterized by reduced hexokinase activity and root level of G6P and F6P. Nitrates 42-49 hexokinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 83-87 25878398-4 2015 Interestingly, the NOS3 -786TT genotype was associated with increased nitrite/nitrate levels only in IEI patients. Nitrates 78-85 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 19-23 25878398-8 2015 Here, we first demonstrate that NOS3 -786T>C variant affects nitrite/nitrate levels in IEI patients and that screening for NOS2A -2.5 kb (CCTTT) n polymorphism may be useful for differential diagnosis of various IEI. Nitrates 72-79 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 32-36 25480007-6 2015 The stimulatory effect of Suc and 2-OG on nitrate reduction was less pronounced in hxk1 mutant roots with T-DNA insertion in the AtHXK1 gene encoding hexokinase1 (HXK1) and characterized by reduced hexokinase activity and root level of G6P and F6P. Nitrates 42-49 hexokinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 129-135 26039467-6 2015 Combined with our recent finding that the nitrate-induced CLE-RS2 glycopeptide binds directly to the HAR1 receptor, this result suggests that CLE-RS2/HAR1 long-distance signaling plays an important role in the both nitrate inhibition and the autoregulation of nodulation. Nitrates 42-49 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 150-154 25480007-6 2015 The stimulatory effect of Suc and 2-OG on nitrate reduction was less pronounced in hxk1 mutant roots with T-DNA insertion in the AtHXK1 gene encoding hexokinase1 (HXK1) and characterized by reduced hexokinase activity and root level of G6P and F6P. Nitrates 42-49 hexokinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 150-161 25480007-6 2015 The stimulatory effect of Suc and 2-OG on nitrate reduction was less pronounced in hxk1 mutant roots with T-DNA insertion in the AtHXK1 gene encoding hexokinase1 (HXK1) and characterized by reduced hexokinase activity and root level of G6P and F6P. Nitrates 42-49 hexokinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 131-135 26039467-0 2015 Shoot HAR1 mediates nitrate inhibition of nodulation in Lotus japonicus. Nitrates 20-27 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 6-10 26252500-0 2015 THB1 regulates nitrate reductase activity and THB1 and THB2 transcription differentially respond to NO and the nitrate/ammonium balance in Chlamydomonas. Nitrates 15-22 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 0-4 26039467-2 2015 In a model legume Lotus japonicus, a CLV1-like receptor kinase, HAR1, mediates nitrate inhibition and autoregulation of nodulation. Nitrates 79-86 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 64-68 26039467-5 2015 We performed grafting experiments with the har1 mutant under various nitrate conditions, and found that shoot HAR1 is critical for the inhibition of nodulation at 10 mM nitrate. Nitrates 69-76 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 43-47 26039467-5 2015 We performed grafting experiments with the har1 mutant under various nitrate conditions, and found that shoot HAR1 is critical for the inhibition of nodulation at 10 mM nitrate. Nitrates 69-76 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 110-114 26039467-5 2015 We performed grafting experiments with the har1 mutant under various nitrate conditions, and found that shoot HAR1 is critical for the inhibition of nodulation at 10 mM nitrate. Nitrates 169-176 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 43-47 26039467-5 2015 We performed grafting experiments with the har1 mutant under various nitrate conditions, and found that shoot HAR1 is critical for the inhibition of nodulation at 10 mM nitrate. Nitrates 169-176 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 110-114 26039467-6 2015 Combined with our recent finding that the nitrate-induced CLE-RS2 glycopeptide binds directly to the HAR1 receptor, this result suggests that CLE-RS2/HAR1 long-distance signaling plays an important role in the both nitrate inhibition and the autoregulation of nodulation. Nitrates 42-49 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 101-105 26039467-6 2015 Combined with our recent finding that the nitrate-induced CLE-RS2 glycopeptide binds directly to the HAR1 receptor, this result suggests that CLE-RS2/HAR1 long-distance signaling plays an important role in the both nitrate inhibition and the autoregulation of nodulation. Nitrates 215-222 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 101-105 26039467-6 2015 Combined with our recent finding that the nitrate-induced CLE-RS2 glycopeptide binds directly to the HAR1 receptor, this result suggests that CLE-RS2/HAR1 long-distance signaling plays an important role in the both nitrate inhibition and the autoregulation of nodulation. Nitrates 215-222 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 150-154 25830329-1 2015 NRT1.1 is a dual-affinity nitrate (NO3(-)) transporter involved in both high- and low-affinity NO3(-) uptake in Arabidopsis plants. Nitrates 26-33 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 26252500-12 2015 Thus, when cells are assimilating nitrate and NO appears (i.e. as a consequence of nitrite accumulation), THB1 has a double role: 1) to scavenge NO avoiding its toxic effects and 2) to control the nitrate reduction activity. Nitrates 197-204 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 106-110 26252500-5 2015 THB1 and THB2 are regulated by the nitrogen source and respond differentially to NO and the nitrate/ammonium balance. Nitrates 92-99 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 0-4 26252500-5 2015 THB1 and THB2 are regulated by the nitrogen source and respond differentially to NO and the nitrate/ammonium balance. Nitrates 92-99 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 9-13 26252500-7 2015 THB1 has NOD activity and thus a role in nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 41-48 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 0-4 26252500-8 2015 In fact, THB1 is upregulated by nitrate and is under the control of NIT2, the major transcription factor in nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 32-39 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 9-13 26252500-8 2015 In fact, THB1 is upregulated by nitrate and is under the control of NIT2, the major transcription factor in nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 108-115 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 9-13 26252500-8 2015 In fact, THB1 is upregulated by nitrate and is under the control of NIT2, the major transcription factor in nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 108-115 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 68-72 26252500-12 2015 Thus, when cells are assimilating nitrate and NO appears (i.e. as a consequence of nitrite accumulation), THB1 has a double role: 1) to scavenge NO avoiding its toxic effects and 2) to control the nitrate reduction activity. Nitrates 34-41 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 106-110 25281097-6 2015 A limit of detection of 24 muM nitrate and a linear concentration range of 200-1400 muM is reported for the microtrench sensor in phosphate buffer and dilute horse serum. Nitrates 31-38 latexin Homo sapiens 84-87 25059539-8 2015 Insulin and gliclazide have significantly attenuated, naloxone induced behavioral changes like jumping and rearing frequency, forepaw licking, wet dog shake, sneezing, straightening, circling, OMWS, and various biochemical impairments such as serum glucose, brain MDA, GSH, nitrite/nitrate, and Ca(+2) in morphine-dependent animals (invivo). Nitrates 282-289 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 0-7 26247758-5 2015 A maximum specific nitrate removal rate equal to 0.35 g N-NO3- g VSS(-1) d(-1) was reached in R1. Nitrates 19-26 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 58-61 25281097-6 2015 A limit of detection of 24 muM nitrate and a linear concentration range of 200-1400 muM is reported for the microtrench sensor in phosphate buffer and dilute horse serum. Nitrates 31-38 latexin Homo sapiens 27-30 25514572-0 2014 Negative association between serum parathyroid hormone levels and urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate concentrations in U.S. adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006. Nitrates 87-94 parathyroid hormone Homo sapiens 35-54 25462758-1 2015 Nitrate (NO3-) is commonly dosed in sewer systems to reduce sulfide (H2S) and methane (CH4) produced in anaerobic rising main pipes. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 25551441-5 2014 In addition to Norg mineralization, Nx also originated from photochemical nitrate (NO3-) reduction. Nitrates 74-81 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 83-86 25243423-7 2014 Furthermore, HSC70 decreased LPS-induced elevation of circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitrite/nitrate, and tissue expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in the heart and liver. Nitrates 106-113 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8 Rattus norvegicus 13-18 25461888-7 2014 NO3-(15)N and NO3-(18)O isotope data indicated the nitrate losses were due to denitrification. Nitrates 51-58 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 0-3 24670328-1 2014 Our objective was to investigate whether the presence of Glu298Asp polymorphism in the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) gene differentially affects the postprandial blood pressure response to dietary nitrate-rich beetroot bread. Nitrates 198-205 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 112-116 24670328-7 2014 The beneficial diastolic blood pressure reduction was observed only in the T carriers of the Glu298Asp polymorphism in the eNOS gene after consumption of nitrate-rich beetroot bread. Nitrates 154-161 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 123-127 25492123-11 2014 CONCLUSION: In this manuscript, we describe the genome features of an isolate of S. griseorubens JSD-1 following with identification and characterization of these nitrate assimilation proteins such as nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase and glutamate dehydrogenase accounts for the ability to utilize nitrate as its sole nitrogen source for growth through cellular localization, multiple sequence alignment, putative 3D modeling and quantitative RT-PCR. Nitrates 163-170 DJ64_RS10945 Streptomyces griseorubens 220-237 25492123-11 2014 CONCLUSION: In this manuscript, we describe the genome features of an isolate of S. griseorubens JSD-1 following with identification and characterization of these nitrate assimilation proteins such as nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase and glutamate dehydrogenase accounts for the ability to utilize nitrate as its sole nitrogen source for growth through cellular localization, multiple sequence alignment, putative 3D modeling and quantitative RT-PCR. Nitrates 163-170 DJ64_RS09700 Streptomyces griseorubens 239-259 25492123-11 2014 CONCLUSION: In this manuscript, we describe the genome features of an isolate of S. griseorubens JSD-1 following with identification and characterization of these nitrate assimilation proteins such as nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase and glutamate dehydrogenase accounts for the ability to utilize nitrate as its sole nitrogen source for growth through cellular localization, multiple sequence alignment, putative 3D modeling and quantitative RT-PCR. Nitrates 163-170 DJ64_RS08780 Streptomyces griseorubens 261-307 25452706-3 2014 The mechanism of action of PDE-5 inhibitors results in a potential cumulative drop in blood pressure (BP); thus, these agents are contraindicated in patients receiving nitrates. Nitrates 168-176 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 27-32 25505423-6 2014 Nitrite/nitrate decreased from 23 (18-27) muM at baseline to 19 (14-24) muM and 18 (14-21) muM in hypoxia and recovery, respectively (p < 0.05). Nitrates 8-15 latexin Homo sapiens 42-45 25188017-6 2014 All the CuFe(1-x)Cr(x)S2 (0 <= x <= 0.4) samples show considerably higher photocatalytic activities than P25 toward the reduction of nitrate ions in aqueous solution. Nitrates 139-146 tubulin polymerization promoting protein Homo sapiens 111-114 25239655-2 2014 NOS3 and NOS2 SNPs might modify plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels, sepsis development, hemodynamics and survival. Nitrates 47-54 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 0-4 25239655-2 2014 NOS3 and NOS2 SNPs might modify plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels, sepsis development, hemodynamics and survival. Nitrates 47-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 9-13 25280017-1 2014 Nitrate (NO3-) is one of the most harmful contaminants in the groundwater, and it causes various health problems. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 25163536-10 2014 The absence of eNOS leads to enhanced plasma nitrite levels following nitrate administration in vivo, which negatively impacts on platelet function. Nitrates 70-77 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 15-19 25310505-1 2014 Accurately quantifying nitrate (NO3-) loading from the Mississippi River is important for predicting summer hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico and targeting nutrient reduction within the basin. Nitrates 23-30 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 32-35 24149973-10 2014 TPO antibodies were significant predictors of free T4 among non-pregnant women only when the models included urinary perchlorate, nitrate, or thiocyanate. Nitrates 130-137 thyroid peroxidase Homo sapiens 0-3 25163536-7 2014 Inorganic nitrite drove cGMP-mediated inhibition of human platelet aggregation in vitro and nitrate inhibited platelet function in eNOS(-/-) mice in vivo in a model of thromboembolic radiolabeled platelet aggregation associated with an enhanced plasma nitrite concentration as compared with wild-type mice. Nitrates 92-99 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 131-135 24999115-5 2014 In addition, nitrate reduction by nZVI could be catalyzed by Cd(II): while 30% of nitrate was reduced by nZVI within 2 h in the absence of Cd(II), complete nitrate reduction was observed in the presence of 40 mg-Cd/L due to the formation of Cd islands (Cd(0) and CdO) on the nZVI particles. Nitrates 13-20 cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated Homo sapiens 263-266 25174989-0 2014 The effect of peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst MnTBAP on aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 nitration by organic nitrates: role in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 107-115 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 61-85 25174989-0 2014 The effect of peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst MnTBAP on aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 nitration by organic nitrates: role in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 107-114 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 61-85 25174989-1 2014 Bioconversion of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) into nitric oxide (NO) by aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH-2) is a crucial mechanism which drives vasodilatory and antiplatelet effect of organic nitrates in vitro and in vivo. Nitrates 187-195 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 69-93 25174989-1 2014 Bioconversion of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) into nitric oxide (NO) by aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH-2) is a crucial mechanism which drives vasodilatory and antiplatelet effect of organic nitrates in vitro and in vivo. Nitrates 187-195 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 95-101 25174989-11 2014 In conclusion, oxidative stress subsequent to prolonged use of organic nitrates, which occurs via nitration of ALDH-2, represents a key event in GTN tolerance, an effect counteracted both in vitro and in vivo by novel peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst. Nitrates 71-79 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 111-117 25229208-0 2014 Secondary organic aerosol formation and organic nitrate yield from NO3 oxidation of biogenic hydrocarbons. Nitrates 48-55 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 67-70 25288754-0 2014 Nitrate foraging by Arabidopsis roots is mediated by the transcription factor TCP20 through the systemic signaling pathway. Nitrates 0-7 TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, cycloidea, PCF (TCP)-domain family protein 20 Arabidopsis thaliana 78-83 25288754-4 2014 TCP20, which belongs to an ancient, plant-specific gene family that regulates shoot, flower, and embryo development, was implicated in nitrate signaling by its ability to bind DNA in more than 100 nitrate-regulated genes. Nitrates 135-142 TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, cycloidea, PCF (TCP)-domain family protein 20 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-5 25288754-5 2014 Analysis of insertion mutants of TCP20 showed that they had normal primary and lateral root growth on homogenous nitrate media but were impaired in preferential lateral root growth (root foraging) on heterogeneous media in split-root plates. Nitrates 113-120 TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, cycloidea, PCF (TCP)-domain family protein 20 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-38 25288754-6 2014 Inhibition of preferential lateral root growth was still evident in the mutants even when ammonium was uniformly present in the media, indicating that the TCP20 response was to nitrate. Nitrates 177-184 TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, cycloidea, PCF (TCP)-domain family protein 20 Arabidopsis thaliana 155-160 25288754-8 2014 Further analysis showed that tcp20 mutants lack systemic control of root growth regardless of the local nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 104-111 TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, cycloidea, PCF (TCP)-domain family protein 20 Arabidopsis thaliana 29-34 25288754-9 2014 These results indicate that TCP20 plays a key role in the systemic signaling pathway that directs nitrate foraging by Arabidopsis roots. Nitrates 98-105 TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, cycloidea, PCF (TCP)-domain family protein 20 Arabidopsis thaliana 28-33 24999115-5 2014 In addition, nitrate reduction by nZVI could be catalyzed by Cd(II): while 30% of nitrate was reduced by nZVI within 2 h in the absence of Cd(II), complete nitrate reduction was observed in the presence of 40 mg-Cd/L due to the formation of Cd islands (Cd(0) and CdO) on the nZVI particles. Nitrates 82-89 cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated Homo sapiens 263-266 25349351-12 2014 However, ADG was not affected by nitrate dose (P = 0.54), resulting in a linear improvement in G:F (P = 0.03) as dietary nitrate level increased. Nitrates 121-128 ADG Bos taurus 9-12 25412694-6 2014 Spatial statistics revealed that ZIP codes with more dairy farms and a higher dairy cow density had higher levels of nitrate contamination. Nitrates 117-124 fibroblast activation protein alpha Bos taurus 33-36 25271384-1 2014 Nitrate (NO3(-)) is an abundant component of aerosols, boundary layer surface films, and surface water. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 25310225-11 2014 Acetylcholine also increased the nitrate/nitrite concentration in TRPC3 WT mice, but not in KO mice. Nitrates 33-40 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3 Mus musculus 66-71 24913625-1 2014 NPF (formerly referred to as low-affinity NRT1) and "high-affinity" NRT2 nitrate transporter genes are involved in nitrate uptake by the root, and transport and distribution of nitrate within the plant. Nitrates 73-80 high-affinity nitrate transporter 2.1 Triticum aestivum 68-72 24700131-11 2014 Using ethanol as carbon source, nitrate (N-NO3(-)) removal efficiency of the bioreactor stood around 80 % for a maximum nitrogen loading rate of approximately 6.5 mg N-NO3 (-) L(-1) h(-1). Nitrates 32-39 NNO3 Homo sapiens 41-46 24700131-11 2014 Using ethanol as carbon source, nitrate (N-NO3(-)) removal efficiency of the bioreactor stood around 80 % for a maximum nitrogen loading rate of approximately 6.5 mg N-NO3 (-) L(-1) h(-1). Nitrates 32-39 NNO3 Homo sapiens 166-171 24913625-1 2014 NPF (formerly referred to as low-affinity NRT1) and "high-affinity" NRT2 nitrate transporter genes are involved in nitrate uptake by the root, and transport and distribution of nitrate within the plant. Nitrates 115-122 high-affinity nitrate transporter 2.1 Triticum aestivum 68-72 24987011-6 2014 Arabidopsis NLP7 in particular is a major player in the primary nitrate response. Nitrates 64-71 NIN like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 12-16 25249806-6 2014 CONCLUSION: Early epidemiological studies demonstrated significant associations between high groundwater nitrate levels and elevated methemoglobin levels in infants fed drinking water-diluted formulas. Nitrates 105-112 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 133-146 25106820-2 2014 Here, we show that cadmium inhibits nitrate transporter 1.1 (NRT1.1)-mediated nitrate (NO3 (-)) uptake in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and impairs NO3 (-) homeostasis in roots. Nitrates 36-43 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 61-67 25039575-0 2014 Systems approach identifies TGA1 and TGA4 transcription factors as important regulatory components of the nitrate response of Arabidopsis thaliana roots. Nitrates 106-113 bZIP transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 28-32 25039575-0 2014 Systems approach identifies TGA1 and TGA4 transcription factors as important regulatory components of the nitrate response of Arabidopsis thaliana roots. Nitrates 106-113 TGACG motif-binding factor 4 Arabidopsis thaliana 37-41 25039575-2 2014 Using an integrative bioinformatics approach we identified TGA1 and TGA4 as putative regulatory factors that mediate nitrate responses in Arabidopsis roots. Nitrates 117-124 bZIP transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 59-63 25039575-2 2014 Using an integrative bioinformatics approach we identified TGA1 and TGA4 as putative regulatory factors that mediate nitrate responses in Arabidopsis roots. Nitrates 117-124 TGACG motif-binding factor 4 Arabidopsis thaliana 68-72 25039575-4 2014 Global gene expression analysis revealed 97% of the genes with altered expression in tga1 tga4 double mutant plants respond to nitrate treatments, indicating that these transcription factors have a specific role in nitrate responses in Arabidopsis root organs. Nitrates 127-134 bZIP transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 85-89 25039575-4 2014 Global gene expression analysis revealed 97% of the genes with altered expression in tga1 tga4 double mutant plants respond to nitrate treatments, indicating that these transcription factors have a specific role in nitrate responses in Arabidopsis root organs. Nitrates 127-134 TGACG motif-binding factor 4 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-94 25065551-0 2014 The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT2.5 plays a role in nitrate acquisition and remobilization in nitrogen-starved plants. Nitrates 16-23 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 36-40 25065551-6 2014 Reduction of NRT2.5 expression resulted in a decrease in high-affinity nitrate uptake without impacting low-affinity uptake. Nitrates 71-78 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-17 25065551-7 2014 In the background of the high-affinity nitrate transporter mutant nrt2.4, an nrt2.5 mutation reduced nitrate levels in the phloem of N-starved plants further than in the single nrt2.4 mutants. Nitrates 39-46 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-70 25065551-7 2014 In the background of the high-affinity nitrate transporter mutant nrt2.4, an nrt2.5 mutation reduced nitrate levels in the phloem of N-starved plants further than in the single nrt2.4 mutants. Nitrates 39-46 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 77-81 25065551-7 2014 In the background of the high-affinity nitrate transporter mutant nrt2.4, an nrt2.5 mutation reduced nitrate levels in the phloem of N-starved plants further than in the single nrt2.4 mutants. Nitrates 39-46 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 77-81 25065551-8 2014 Growth analyses of multiple mutants between NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.4, and NRT2.5 revealed that NRT2.5 is required to support growth of nitrogen-starved adult plants by ensuring the efficient uptake of nitrate collectively with NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 and by taking part in nitrate loading into the phloem during nitrate remobilization. Nitrates 199-206 nitrate transporter2.5 Arabidopsis thaliana 72-78 25065551-8 2014 Growth analyses of multiple mutants between NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.4, and NRT2.5 revealed that NRT2.5 is required to support growth of nitrogen-starved adult plants by ensuring the efficient uptake of nitrate collectively with NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 and by taking part in nitrate loading into the phloem during nitrate remobilization. Nitrates 273-280 nitrate transporter2.5 Arabidopsis thaliana 72-78 25065551-8 2014 Growth analyses of multiple mutants between NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.4, and NRT2.5 revealed that NRT2.5 is required to support growth of nitrogen-starved adult plants by ensuring the efficient uptake of nitrate collectively with NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 and by taking part in nitrate loading into the phloem during nitrate remobilization. Nitrates 273-280 nitrate transporter2.5 Arabidopsis thaliana 72-78 25173937-4 2014 When the embryos were exposed to nitrate or nitrite together with an estrogen receptor blocker (ICI 182,780), the decreases in TH expression and motor behavior caused by nitrate or nitrite alone were reversed suggesting the effects of nitrate and nitrite were mediated through estrogen receptor (ER). Nitrates 170-177 estrogen receptor 1 Danio rerio 69-86 25326291-1 2014 Stresses decouple nitrate assimilation and photosynthesis through stress-initiated nitrate allocation to roots (SINAR), which is mediated by the nitrate transporters NRT1.8 and NRT1.5 and functions to promote stress tolerance. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 166-170 25326291-1 2014 Stresses decouple nitrate assimilation and photosynthesis through stress-initiated nitrate allocation to roots (SINAR), which is mediated by the nitrate transporters NRT1.8 and NRT1.5 and functions to promote stress tolerance. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 177-181 25326291-1 2014 Stresses decouple nitrate assimilation and photosynthesis through stress-initiated nitrate allocation to roots (SINAR), which is mediated by the nitrate transporters NRT1.8 and NRT1.5 and functions to promote stress tolerance. Nitrates 83-90 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 166-170 25326291-1 2014 Stresses decouple nitrate assimilation and photosynthesis through stress-initiated nitrate allocation to roots (SINAR), which is mediated by the nitrate transporters NRT1.8 and NRT1.5 and functions to promote stress tolerance. Nitrates 83-90 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 177-181 25039575-4 2014 Global gene expression analysis revealed 97% of the genes with altered expression in tga1 tga4 double mutant plants respond to nitrate treatments, indicating that these transcription factors have a specific role in nitrate responses in Arabidopsis root organs. Nitrates 215-222 bZIP transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 85-89 25039575-4 2014 Global gene expression analysis revealed 97% of the genes with altered expression in tga1 tga4 double mutant plants respond to nitrate treatments, indicating that these transcription factors have a specific role in nitrate responses in Arabidopsis root organs. Nitrates 215-222 TGACG motif-binding factor 4 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-94 25039575-7 2014 The tga1 tga4 double mutant plants exhibit nitrate-dependent lateral and primary root phenotypes. Nitrates 43-50 bZIP transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 4-13 25039575-9 2014 Additional root phenotypes of tga1 tga4 double mutants indicate that these transcription factors play an important role in root developmental responses to nitrate. Nitrates 155-162 bZIP transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 30-39 25039575-10 2014 These results identify TGA1 and TGA4 as important regulatory factors of the nitrate response in Arabidopsis roots. Nitrates 76-83 bZIP transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 23-27 25039575-10 2014 These results identify TGA1 and TGA4 as important regulatory factors of the nitrate response in Arabidopsis roots. Nitrates 76-83 TGACG motif-binding factor 4 Arabidopsis thaliana 32-36 25173937-0 2014 Nitrate (NO3(-)) and nitrite (NO2(-)) are endocrine disruptors to downregulate expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and motor behavior through conversion to nitric oxide in early development of zebrafish. Nitrates 0-7 tyrosine hydroxylase Danio rerio 93-113 25173937-2 2014 Both nitrate and nitrite exposure decreased the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in dopaminergic neurons at 48hpf. Nitrates 5-12 tyrosine hydroxylase Danio rerio 62-82 25173937-4 2014 When the embryos were exposed to nitrate or nitrite together with an estrogen receptor blocker (ICI 182,780), the decreases in TH expression and motor behavior caused by nitrate or nitrite alone were reversed suggesting the effects of nitrate and nitrite were mediated through estrogen receptor (ER). Nitrates 170-177 estrogen receptor 1 Danio rerio 277-294 25173937-4 2014 When the embryos were exposed to nitrate or nitrite together with an estrogen receptor blocker (ICI 182,780), the decreases in TH expression and motor behavior caused by nitrate or nitrite alone were reversed suggesting the effects of nitrate and nitrite were mediated through estrogen receptor (ER). Nitrates 33-40 estrogen receptor 1 Danio rerio 69-86 25173937-4 2014 When the embryos were exposed to nitrate or nitrite together with an estrogen receptor blocker (ICI 182,780), the decreases in TH expression and motor behavior caused by nitrate or nitrite alone were reversed suggesting the effects of nitrate and nitrite were mediated through estrogen receptor (ER). Nitrates 33-40 estrogen receptor 1 Danio rerio 277-294 25173937-4 2014 When the embryos were exposed to nitrate or nitrite together with an estrogen receptor blocker (ICI 182,780), the decreases in TH expression and motor behavior caused by nitrate or nitrite alone were reversed suggesting the effects of nitrate and nitrite were mediated through estrogen receptor (ER). Nitrates 33-40 estrogen receptor 1 Danio rerio 296-298 25173937-4 2014 When the embryos were exposed to nitrate or nitrite together with an estrogen receptor blocker (ICI 182,780), the decreases in TH expression and motor behavior caused by nitrate or nitrite alone were reversed suggesting the effects of nitrate and nitrite were mediated through estrogen receptor (ER). Nitrates 170-177 estrogen receptor 1 Danio rerio 69-86 25173937-4 2014 When the embryos were exposed to nitrate or nitrite together with an estrogen receptor blocker (ICI 182,780), the decreases in TH expression and motor behavior caused by nitrate or nitrite alone were reversed suggesting the effects of nitrate and nitrite were mediated through estrogen receptor (ER). Nitrates 170-177 estrogen receptor 1 Danio rerio 296-298 23894175-6 2014 Nitrate concentrations averaged 13.6 +- 3.7 muM and 12.7 +- 4.9 muM, respectively. Nitrates 0-7 latexin Homo sapiens 44-47 25173937-4 2014 When the embryos were exposed to nitrate or nitrite together with an estrogen receptor blocker (ICI 182,780), the decreases in TH expression and motor behavior caused by nitrate or nitrite alone were reversed suggesting the effects of nitrate and nitrite were mediated through estrogen receptor (ER). Nitrates 170-177 estrogen receptor 1 Danio rerio 277-294 25173937-4 2014 When the embryos were exposed to nitrate or nitrite together with an estrogen receptor blocker (ICI 182,780), the decreases in TH expression and motor behavior caused by nitrate or nitrite alone were reversed suggesting the effects of nitrate and nitrite were mediated through estrogen receptor (ER). Nitrates 170-177 estrogen receptor 1 Danio rerio 296-298 25124942-1 2014 A novel discrete open high-nuclearity nest-like silver thiolate cluster complex, [Ag33 S3 (StBu)16 (CF3 COO)9 (NO3 )(CH3 CN)2 ](NO3 ) (1), has been isolated with nitrate and S(2-) anions acting as structure-directing templates. Nitrates 162-169 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 111-114 25124942-1 2014 A novel discrete open high-nuclearity nest-like silver thiolate cluster complex, [Ag33 S3 (StBu)16 (CF3 COO)9 (NO3 )(CH3 CN)2 ](NO3 ) (1), has been isolated with nitrate and S(2-) anions acting as structure-directing templates. Nitrates 162-169 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 128-131 24666321-0 2014 Infrared photodissociation spectroscopy of microhydrated nitrate-nitric acid clusters NO3(-)(HNO3)(m)(H2O)(n). Nitrates 57-64 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 86-89 24666321-5 2014 Addition of at least one more nitric acid molecule or two more water molecules weakens the hydrogen bond network, breaking the symmetry of this arrangement and leading to localization of the proton near one of the nitrate cores, effectively forming HNO3 hydrogen-bonded to NO3(-). Nitrates 214-221 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 250-253 25053401-8 2014 We also investigated an animal model of CKD (Col4a3(-/-) mice) that displays highly elevated serum FGF23 levels and found they had impaired endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation and reduced nitrate production compared with age-matched wild types. Nitrates 194-201 collagen, type IV, alpha 3 Mus musculus 45-51 24718849-6 2014 Before admission, a higher percentage of COPD patients had experienced infections (25.0 vs. 14.0 %, p < 0.001), and were more likely to receive diuretics (p = 0.006), ACE inhibitors (p = 0.042), nitrates (p = 0.003), and digoxin (p = 0.034). Nitrates 198-206 COPD Homo sapiens 41-45 25039985-0 2014 The intrinsically disordered structural platform of the plant defence hub protein RPM1-interacting protein 4 provides insights into its mode of action in the host-pathogen interface and evolution of the nitrate-induced domain protein family. Nitrates 203-210 RPM1 interacting protein 4 Arabidopsis thaliana 82-108 25039985-3 2014 AtRIN4 contains two nitrate-induced (NOI) domains and is a member of the NOI family. Nitrates 20-27 RPM1 interacting protein 4 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 25039985-3 2014 AtRIN4 contains two nitrate-induced (NOI) domains and is a member of the NOI family. Nitrates 20-27 RPM1-interacting protein 4 (RIN4) family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 37-40 25039985-3 2014 AtRIN4 contains two nitrate-induced (NOI) domains and is a member of the NOI family. Nitrates 20-27 RPM1-interacting protein 4 (RIN4) family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 73-76 24914193-7 2014 The ET-1+endothelin receptor type-A antagonist BQ-123 and the ETBR agonists sarafotoxin 6c and IRL-1620 caused less vasorelaxation and nitrate/nitrite production in RUPP than in Norm-Preg. Nitrates 135-142 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 4-8 24914193-7 2014 The ET-1+endothelin receptor type-A antagonist BQ-123 and the ETBR agonists sarafotoxin 6c and IRL-1620 caused less vasorelaxation and nitrate/nitrite production in RUPP than in Norm-Preg. Nitrates 135-142 endothelin receptor type B Rattus norvegicus 62-66 25193828-6 2014 The areas showing predicted nitrate concentrations in the leachate above the EU groundwater quality standard of 50mg NO3(-)/L have been identified as priority areas for implementing nitrogen reduction measures. Nitrates 28-35 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 117-120 25247426-4 2014 The nitrate removal activity of a biofilm attached to the aspen wood from the bioreactor after 784 days of operation was 0.42 g NO3-N/kg dry weight wood day. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 128-131 25148521-1 2014 Nitrate (NO3-) is a widespread contaminant of groundwater and surface water across the United States that has deleterious effects to human and ecological health. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 23894175-6 2014 Nitrate concentrations averaged 13.6 +- 3.7 muM and 12.7 +- 4.9 muM, respectively. Nitrates 0-7 latexin Homo sapiens 64-67 24548141-0 2014 Chlamydomonas NZF1, a tandem-repeated zinc finger factor involved in nitrate signalling by controlling the regulatory gene NIT2. Nitrates 69-76 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 123-127 24858657-1 2014 BACKGROUND: In this substudy of the effect of dietary nitrate on blood pressure, endothelial function, and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes, we report the development of a novel nitrate depleted beetroot juice for use clinical trials and determine if dietary nitrate supplementation improved cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nitrates 184-191 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 24858657-1 2014 BACKGROUND: In this substudy of the effect of dietary nitrate on blood pressure, endothelial function, and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes, we report the development of a novel nitrate depleted beetroot juice for use clinical trials and determine if dietary nitrate supplementation improved cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nitrates 184-191 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 24548141-1 2014 The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii NIT2 gene plays a central role in nitrate assimilation, thus, nit2 mutants are not able to sense or to use nitrate for growth. Nitrates 64-71 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 30-34 24548141-1 2014 The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii NIT2 gene plays a central role in nitrate assimilation, thus, nit2 mutants are not able to sense or to use nitrate for growth. Nitrates 64-71 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 92-96 24548141-1 2014 The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii NIT2 gene plays a central role in nitrate assimilation, thus, nit2 mutants are not able to sense or to use nitrate for growth. Nitrates 137-144 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 30-34 24548141-4 2014 However, intracellular nitrate is required to activate NIT2 for subsequent expression of NIA1 and other nitrate assimilation genes. Nitrates 23-30 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 55-59 24548141-4 2014 However, intracellular nitrate is required to activate NIT2 for subsequent expression of NIA1 and other nitrate assimilation genes. Nitrates 104-111 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 55-59 25158065-5 2014 Therefore, we hypothesized that nitrate tolerance induced by persistent GTN treatment results from NOS3 dysfunction and vascular toxicity. Nitrates 32-39 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 99-103 25522608-9 2014 The contents of nitrate nitrogen in the root and leaves reached the highest at the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 50:50. Nitrates 16-23 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 93-96 24859195-4 2014 The nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) Dechloromonas exhibited the greatest corrosion inhibition by inducing the redox cycling of iron to enhance the precipitation of iron oxides and formation of Fe3O4 in the AR with UV/Cl2, while the rhizobia Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium, and the NRB Sphingomonas, Brucella producing siderophores had weaker corrosion-inhibition effect by capturing iron in the AR with Cl2. Nitrates 4-11 endogenous retrovirus group W member 5 Homo sapiens 217-220 24859195-4 2014 The nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) Dechloromonas exhibited the greatest corrosion inhibition by inducing the redox cycling of iron to enhance the precipitation of iron oxides and formation of Fe3O4 in the AR with UV/Cl2, while the rhizobia Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium, and the NRB Sphingomonas, Brucella producing siderophores had weaker corrosion-inhibition effect by capturing iron in the AR with Cl2. Nitrates 4-11 endogenous retrovirus group W member 5 Homo sapiens 401-404 25140876-1 2014 The ANR1 MADS-box gene in Arabidopsis is a key gene involved in regulating lateral root development in response to the external nitrate supply. Nitrates 128-135 AGAMOUS-like 44 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-8 25127459-4 2014 Still, denitrification alone can often account for only half of the substantial nitrate (NO3-) consumption. Nitrates 80-87 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 89-92 25127459-8 2014 Intriguingly, we also observed that between 20 and 40% of 15NO3- added to the incubations entered an intracellular pool of NO3- and was subsequently respired when nitrate became limiting. Nitrates 163-170 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 60-63 25101106-1 2014 The dynamics of nitrate (NO(-) 3), a major nitrogen (N) source for natural plants, has been studied mostly through experimental N addition, enzymatic assay, isotope labeling, and genetic expression. Nitrates 16-23 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 25-32 24858219-1 2014 Water pollution in the form of nitrate nitrogen (NO3(-)-N) contamination is a major concern in most agricultural areas in the world. Nitrates 31-38 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 49-52 24858219-6 2014 Overall, the highest nitrate levels were observed in surface water in May and in groundwater in June, indicating that fertilizer application, precipitation, and irrigation strongly influence the NO3(-)-N concentrations. Nitrates 21-28 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 195-198 25001619-4 2014 Under optimal conditions, the limits of detection and quantification for nitrite are 1.0 and 7.8 muM, respectively, while the corresponding values for nitrate are 19 and 48 muM, respectively. Nitrates 151-158 latexin Homo sapiens 173-176 24791832-1 2014 Although interest in biomarkers in the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway has recently increased, associations between nitrite (NO2(-)) and nitrate (NO3(-)), and asthma, allergic sensitisation and rhinitis remain unclear. Nitrates 132-139 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 141-144 24854623-4 2014 The effect of nitrate concentration on the extraction of lanthanides with 1-MIM in ILs was analysed. Nitrates 14-21 MTSS I-BAR domain containing 1 Homo sapiens 76-79 24829498-7 2014 NOS1 protein expression, however, significantly increased with HS only in SHR, and this corresponded to an increase in urinary nitrate/nitrite excretion. Nitrates 127-134 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 24742815-7 2014 Inhibition of neutral SMase (N-SMase) activity via GW 4869 treatment caused a significant reduction in nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB, NOS2 expression, nitrite/nitrate levels, nitrotyrosine formation, and apoptosis in ER-stressed RPE cells. Nitrates 164-171 sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2 Homo sapiens 22-27 25071800-2 2014 A central reaction in the cycle involves the reduction of nitrate (NO(-) 3) to nitrite (NO(-) 2) catalyzed by nitrate reductase (NR). Nitrates 58-65 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 110-127 25373851-12 2014 We found higher PTX3 concentrations in patients with Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) functional class 3 (compared to CCS functional class 2) and in patients taking nitrates. Nitrates 170-178 pentraxin 3 Homo sapiens 16-20 25373851-15 2014 CONCLUSIONS: PTX3 is a marker of clinically more advanced CAD (CCS2 vs CCS3; nitrates vs no nitrates). Nitrates 77-85 pentraxin 3 Homo sapiens 13-17 25373851-15 2014 CONCLUSIONS: PTX3 is a marker of clinically more advanced CAD (CCS2 vs CCS3; nitrates vs no nitrates). Nitrates 92-100 pentraxin 3 Homo sapiens 13-17 25005229-2 2014 The Arabidopsis thaliana anion/proton exchanger AtCLCa is involved in vacuolar accumulation of nitrate. Nitrates 95-102 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 48-54 24875878-4 2014 In a second step, a simple linear model is proposed for nitrate-DOC relationship (alpha NO3+beta DOC=1) and a validation is proposed for more than 150 samples of different Brittany rivers and lakes. Nitrates 56-63 cyclin dependent kinase 2 associated protein 1 Homo sapiens 97-102 24742815-7 2014 Inhibition of neutral SMase (N-SMase) activity via GW 4869 treatment caused a significant reduction in nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB, NOS2 expression, nitrite/nitrate levels, nitrotyrosine formation, and apoptosis in ER-stressed RPE cells. Nitrates 164-171 sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2 Homo sapiens 29-36 24799562-0 2014 Disruption of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) and uncoupling protein (UCP) alters rates of foliar nitrate and carbon assimilation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 110-117 alternative oxidase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 32-51 24430487-5 2014 As NapA has a high affinity for nitrate compared with the membrane-bound enzyme, its occurrence in vent Epsilonproteobacteria may represent an adaptation of these organisms to the low nitrate concentrations typically found in vent fluids. Nitrates 32-39 NSF attachment protein alpha Homo sapiens 3-7 24430487-5 2014 As NapA has a high affinity for nitrate compared with the membrane-bound enzyme, its occurrence in vent Epsilonproteobacteria may represent an adaptation of these organisms to the low nitrate concentrations typically found in vent fluids. Nitrates 184-191 NSF attachment protein alpha Homo sapiens 3-7 24799562-0 2014 Disruption of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) and uncoupling protein (UCP) alters rates of foliar nitrate and carbon assimilation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 110-117 alternative oxidase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 53-56 24748593-2 2014 The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between exercise training and NOS3 polymorphisms at -786T>C, 894G>T, and intron 4b/a on blood pressure (BP) using 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), nitrate/nitrite levels (NOx), and redox state. Nitrates 218-225 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 90-94 24904028-8 2014 Transcription of AT5G62720 (AtNITR2;1) and AT3G47980 (AtNITR2;2) was stimulated by nitrate under the control of the NIN-like proteins, suggesting that the HPP proteins represent nitrate-inducible components of the nitrite transport system of plastids. Nitrates 83-90 Integral membrane HPP family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 17-26 24904028-8 2014 Transcription of AT5G62720 (AtNITR2;1) and AT3G47980 (AtNITR2;2) was stimulated by nitrate under the control of the NIN-like proteins, suggesting that the HPP proteins represent nitrate-inducible components of the nitrite transport system of plastids. Nitrates 83-90 Integral membrane HPP family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 43-52 24904028-8 2014 Transcription of AT5G62720 (AtNITR2;1) and AT3G47980 (AtNITR2;2) was stimulated by nitrate under the control of the NIN-like proteins, suggesting that the HPP proteins represent nitrate-inducible components of the nitrite transport system of plastids. Nitrates 178-185 Integral membrane HPP family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 17-26 24904028-8 2014 Transcription of AT5G62720 (AtNITR2;1) and AT3G47980 (AtNITR2;2) was stimulated by nitrate under the control of the NIN-like proteins, suggesting that the HPP proteins represent nitrate-inducible components of the nitrite transport system of plastids. Nitrates 178-185 Integral membrane HPP family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 43-52 25191617-7 2014 Betalains, polyphenols and dietary nitrate found in the beetroot juice may each contribute to the observed differences in the postprandial insulin concentration. Nitrates 35-42 insulin Homo sapiens 139-146 24663342-6 2014 Treatment of mEL5 with nitrate or nitrite caused meristematic cell death accompanied by browning. Nitrates 23-30 epilepsy 5 Mus musculus 13-17 24938289-9 2014 Changing the polar character of a single amino acid side chain (Ser-228) to a nonpolar residue turned the nitrate-selective SLAH2 into a chloride/nitrate-permeable anion channel. Nitrates 146-153 SLAC1 homologue 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 124-129 24512212-7 2014 Inhibition of iNOS via administration of 1400W ameliorated renal injury and decreased tissue lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and nitrite/nitrate levels (NOx). Nitrates 188-195 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 14-18 25158487-2 2014 The results showed that there were different forms of N transport by subsurface flow under different rainfall events, where in dissolved nitrogen (DN) accounted for about 53.74% - 99.21%, and nitrate (NO3(-) -N) accounted for about 35.70% - 93.65% of DN, and especially under the moderate rainfall, NO3(-) -N could reach 84.09% - 93.65% of DN. Nitrates 192-199 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 201-204 24662464-0 2014 Nitrate as a probe of cytochrome c surface: crystallographic identification of crucial "hot spots" for protein-protein recognition. Nitrates 0-7 cytochrome c, somatic Equus caballus 22-34 24938289-0 2014 A Single-Pore Residue Renders the Arabidopsis Root Anion Channel SLAH2 Highly Nitrate Selective. Nitrates 78-85 SLAC1 homologue 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 65-70 24938289-3 2014 The Arabidopsis thaliana shoot expresses the anion channel SLOW ANION CHANNEL1 (SLAC1) and its homolog SLAC1 HOMOLOGOUS3 (SLAH3), which prefer nitrate as substrate but cannot exclude chloride ions. Nitrates 143-150 C4-dicarboxylate transporter/malic acid transport protein Arabidopsis thaliana 59-78 24938289-3 2014 The Arabidopsis thaliana shoot expresses the anion channel SLOW ANION CHANNEL1 (SLAC1) and its homolog SLAC1 HOMOLOGOUS3 (SLAH3), which prefer nitrate as substrate but cannot exclude chloride ions. Nitrates 143-150 C4-dicarboxylate transporter/malic acid transport protein Arabidopsis thaliana 80-85 24938289-3 2014 The Arabidopsis thaliana shoot expresses the anion channel SLOW ANION CHANNEL1 (SLAC1) and its homolog SLAC1 HOMOLOGOUS3 (SLAH3), which prefer nitrate as substrate but cannot exclude chloride ions. Nitrates 143-150 SLAC1 homologue 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 103-120 24938289-3 2014 The Arabidopsis thaliana shoot expresses the anion channel SLOW ANION CHANNEL1 (SLAC1) and its homolog SLAC1 HOMOLOGOUS3 (SLAH3), which prefer nitrate as substrate but cannot exclude chloride ions. Nitrates 143-150 SLAC1 homologue 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 122-127 24938289-4 2014 By contrast, we identified SLAH2 as a nitrate-specific channel that is impermeable for chloride. Nitrates 38-45 SLAC1 homologue 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 27-32 24938289-5 2014 To understand the molecular basis for nitrate selection in the SLAH2 channel, SLAC1 and SLAH2 were modeled to the structure of HiTehA, a distantly related bacterial member. Nitrates 38-45 SLAC1 homologue 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 63-68 24938289-5 2014 To understand the molecular basis for nitrate selection in the SLAH2 channel, SLAC1 and SLAH2 were modeled to the structure of HiTehA, a distantly related bacterial member. Nitrates 38-45 SLAC1 homologue 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 88-93 24938289-6 2014 Structure-guided site-directed mutations converted SLAC1 into a SLAH2-like nitrate-specific anion channel and vice versa. Nitrates 75-82 C4-dicarboxylate transporter/malic acid transport protein Arabidopsis thaliana 51-56 24938289-6 2014 Structure-guided site-directed mutations converted SLAC1 into a SLAH2-like nitrate-specific anion channel and vice versa. Nitrates 75-82 SLAC1 homologue 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 64-69 24938289-9 2014 Changing the polar character of a single amino acid side chain (Ser-228) to a nonpolar residue turned the nitrate-selective SLAH2 into a chloride/nitrate-permeable anion channel. Nitrates 106-113 SLAC1 homologue 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 124-129 24594525-2 2014 In vitro tests revealed that compounds 3 and 5, which bear a nitrate moiety in the molecule, showed a potent inhibition activity towards AChE and compound 3 showed a good Abeta42 aggregation inhibitory activity. Nitrates 61-68 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 137-141 24555687-1 2014 Tolerance to nitrates such as nitroglycerin (GTN) is associated with oxidative stress, inactivation of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), and decreased GTN-induced cGMP accumulation and vasodilation. Nitrates 13-21 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 Rattus norvegicus 103-127 24555687-1 2014 Tolerance to nitrates such as nitroglycerin (GTN) is associated with oxidative stress, inactivation of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), and decreased GTN-induced cGMP accumulation and vasodilation. Nitrates 13-21 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 Rattus norvegicus 129-134 24617811-1 2014 This study demonstrates that the production of reactive oxidizing species (e.g., hydroxyl radical ( OH)) during the photolysis of nitrite (NO2(-)) or nitrate (NO3(-)) leads to the oxidative conversion of arsenite (As(III)) to arsenate (As(V)). Nitrates 150-157 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 159-162 24633562-7 2014 Tap water and bottled water were also analyzed by the column, and nitrate was detected as 20.1 and 13.8 mg L(-1), respectively. Nitrates 66-73 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 0-3 24356583-1 2014 The APEX software predicts the photochemical transformation kinetics of xenobiotics in surface waters as a function of: photoreactivity parameters (direct photolysis quantum yield and second-order reaction rate constants with transient species, namely OH, CO3(-) , (1)O2 and the triplet states of chromophoric dissolved organic matter, (3)CDOM*), water chemistry (nitrate, nitrite, bicarbonate, carbonate, bromide and dissolved organic carbon, DOC), and water depth (more specifically, the optical path length of sunlight in water). Nitrates 365-372 apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 Homo sapiens 4-8 24617811-3 2014 Nitrate-mediated photooxidation of As(III) revealed an initial lag phase during which NO3(-) is converted into NO2(-). Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 86-89 24512498-7 2014 The mixing and gradient formation units were incorporated into a device for analysis of nitrate in tap water with standard addition as a single run and multiple depth detection cells to provide an extended linear range. Nitrates 88-95 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 99-102 24463937-7 2014 Whereas, Ang-(1-9) increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA levels in aorta as well as plasma nitrate levels. Nitrates 102-109 angiogenin Rattus norvegicus 9-17 24553295-7 2014 However, hydrocarbon removal in FTF 5 under anaerobic conditions with nitrate and sulphate electron acceptors was limited suggesting that aerobic conditions were crucial for hydrocarbon removal. Nitrates 70-77 nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2 Homo sapiens 32-35 24601645-4 2014 Describing uranyl and nitrate ions with integer charges (+2 and -1, respectively) is shown to exaggerate the hydrophilicity and surface activity of the UO2(NO3)2(TBP)2 complex. Nitrates 22-29 TATA-box binding protein Homo sapiens 162-165 24623305-1 2014 To monitor nitrate and peptide transport activity in vivo, we converted the dual-affinity nitrate transceptor CHL1/NRT1.1/NPF6.3 and four related oligopeptide transporters PTR1, 2, 4, and 5 into fluorescence activity sensors (NiTrac1, PepTrac). Nitrates 90-97 cell adhesion molecule L1 like Homo sapiens 110-114 24572362-2 2014 Previous studies have identified Arabidopsis NRT1.1 as a dual-affinity nitrate transporter that can take up nitrate over a wide range of concentrations. Nitrates 71-78 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 45-49 24572362-7 2014 Together with analyses of the substrate transport tunnel, our results establish a phosphorylation-controlled dimerization switch that allows NRT1.1 to uptake nitrate with two distinct affinity modes. Nitrates 158-165 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 141-145 24572366-0 2014 Molecular basis of nitrate uptake by the plant nitrate transporter NRT1.1. Nitrates 19-26 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 67-73 24572366-3 2014 In response to falling nitrate levels, NRT1.1 is phosphorylated on an intracellular threonine that switches the transporter from a low-affinity to high-affinity state. Nitrates 23-30 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-43 24572366-4 2014 Here we present both the apo and nitrate-bound crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana NRT1.1, which together with in vitro binding and transport data identify a key role for His 356 in nitrate binding. Nitrates 33-40 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-96 24572366-4 2014 Here we present both the apo and nitrate-bound crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana NRT1.1, which together with in vitro binding and transport data identify a key role for His 356 in nitrate binding. Nitrates 189-196 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-96 24623305-1 2014 To monitor nitrate and peptide transport activity in vivo, we converted the dual-affinity nitrate transceptor CHL1/NRT1.1/NPF6.3 and four related oligopeptide transporters PTR1, 2, 4, and 5 into fluorescence activity sensors (NiTrac1, PepTrac). Nitrates 90-97 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 115-119 24532452-1 2014 NRT2.7 is a seed-specific high-affinity nitrate transporter controlling nitrate content in Arabidopsis mature seeds. Nitrates 40-47 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 24337990-9 2014 Denuder-fitted PM1 sampler can serve as a useful sampling tool in estimating the true values for nitrate, ammonium, potassium, sodium and WSOC present in the ambient PM. Nitrates 97-104 transmembrane protein 11 Homo sapiens 15-18 24280052-4 2014 The initial nitrate concentration was 142mgL(-1), and the concentrations decreased by 80%, 84%, and 79% in System A, B, and C, respectively. Nitrates 12-19 LLGL scribble cell polarity complex component 1 Homo sapiens 41-47 24142995-5 2014 Elevated pre-transplant levels of serum nitrates (>26.5 muM) predicted steroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease (P=0.026) and non-relapse mortality (P=0.028), particularly in combination with high pre-transplant angiopoietin-2 levels (P=0.0007 and P=0.021, respectively). Nitrates 40-48 angiopoietin 2 Homo sapiens 219-233 24531490-0 2014 Nitrate in the active site of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B is a putative mimetic of the transition state. Nitrates 0-7 protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 1 Homo sapiens 30-61 24194418-5 2014 The co-existence of two inorganic nitrogen sources (ammonia and nitrate) had certain impact on simazine dissipation by the strain SD1. Nitrates 64-71 CUP2Q35 Homo sapiens 130-133 24642889-10 2014 CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that nicorandil induces COX-2 via GATA-4 induction in the heart through both KATP channel activation and its nitrate-like properties. Nitrates 152-159 cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial Rattus norvegicus 67-72 24097244-4 2014 In addition, research has shown that there is crosstalk between the CBL-CIPK pathway and the low-K+ response pathway, the ABA signaling pathway, the nitrate sensing and signaling pathway, and others. Nitrates 149-156 Cbl proto-oncogene Homo sapiens 68-71 24441717-5 2014 Plasma nitrate and nitrite (NOx) were markedly high with upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, but dowregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression (p<0.05). Nitrates 7-14 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 73-104 24441717-5 2014 Plasma nitrate and nitrite (NOx) were markedly high with upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, but dowregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression (p<0.05). Nitrates 7-14 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 106-110 23731510-3 2014 A study was carried out to quantify the effects of the ND in the EU-27 on the leaching and runoff of nitrate (NO3(-)) to groundwater and surface waters, and on the emissions of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), nitrogen oxides (NO(x)) and dinitrogen (N2) to the atmosphere. Nitrates 101-108 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 110-113 24346018-2 2014 Subsets of circulating blood cells, including red blood cells (RBCs), carry a NOS3 and contribute to blood pressure regulation and RBC nitrite/nitrate formation. Nitrates 143-150 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 78-82 25114912-10 2014 Dietary nitrate led to a decrease in plasma MIF levels in the elderly and to an improvement in vascular functions. Nitrates 8-15 macrophage migration inhibitory factor Homo sapiens 44-47 25114912-12 2014 Our data show that supplementation with dietary nitrate is associated with a reduction of circulating MIF levels along with an improvement in vascular function. Nitrates 48-55 macrophage migration inhibitory factor Homo sapiens 102-105 25410225-10 2014 The use of PDE-5 inhibitors in the presence of oral nitrates is strictly contraindicated in diabetic men, as in nondiabetic subjects. Nitrates 52-60 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 11-16 24363367-5 2014 We identified the sulfite transporters Ssu1 and Ssu2 as effective nitrate exporters, Ssu2 being quantitatively more important, and we characterize the Nar1 protein as a nitrate/nitrite exporter. Nitrates 66-73 Ssu1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 39-43 24363367-5 2014 We identified the sulfite transporters Ssu1 and Ssu2 as effective nitrate exporters, Ssu2 being quantitatively more important, and we characterize the Nar1 protein as a nitrate/nitrite exporter. Nitrates 66-73 SCF ubiquitin ligase complex subunit GRR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 48-52 24363367-5 2014 We identified the sulfite transporters Ssu1 and Ssu2 as effective nitrate exporters, Ssu2 being quantitatively more important, and we characterize the Nar1 protein as a nitrate/nitrite exporter. Nitrates 169-176 iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein NAR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 151-155 24363367-8 2014 We also have shown that the well-known Saccharomyces cerevisiae sulfite efflux permease Ssu1 is also able to excrete nitrite and nitrate. Nitrates 129-136 Ssu1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 88-92 24388610-7 2014 Knockout of ETC3/CPL3 did not influence anthocyanin accumulation, but the results establish ETC3/CPL3 as a nitrate regulated gene and a putative candidate for being involved in nitrate status signaling and root development. Nitrates 107-114 CAPRICE-like MYB3 Arabidopsis thaliana 12-16 24388610-7 2014 Knockout of ETC3/CPL3 did not influence anthocyanin accumulation, but the results establish ETC3/CPL3 as a nitrate regulated gene and a putative candidate for being involved in nitrate status signaling and root development. Nitrates 107-114 CAPRICE-like MYB3 Arabidopsis thaliana 92-96 24388610-7 2014 Knockout of ETC3/CPL3 did not influence anthocyanin accumulation, but the results establish ETC3/CPL3 as a nitrate regulated gene and a putative candidate for being involved in nitrate status signaling and root development. Nitrates 107-114 CAPRICE-like MYB3 Arabidopsis thaliana 97-101 24183883-8 2014 In multiple regression analysis homocysteine, sVCAM-1, and urinary nitrate/nitrite remained independent determinants of resistin levels (R(2) adjusted=0.347, p=0.000). Nitrates 67-74 resistin Homo sapiens 120-128 25020005-1 2014 Heavy carbon steel corrosion developed during nitrate mitigation of a flow rig connected to a water injection pipeline flowing anaerobe saline aquifer water. Nitrates 46-53 dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 3 Homo sapiens 75-78 25020005-4 2014 Nitrate amendment caused an 18-fold smaller SRB population, but up to 44 times higher sulfate reduction rates. Nitrates 0-7 chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4 Homo sapiens 44-47 23775870-9 2014 When considering NOC precursors, risk was consistently higher among subjects with concurrent high intake of nitrate and high intake of the different meats (sources of amines and nitrosamines). Nitrates 108-115 nocturnin Homo sapiens 17-20 24642889-10 2014 CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that nicorandil induces COX-2 via GATA-4 induction in the heart through both KATP channel activation and its nitrate-like properties. Nitrates 152-159 GATA binding protein 4 Rattus norvegicus 77-83 23731054-0 2014 Auxin-mediated nitrate signalling by NRT1.1 participates in the adaptive response of Arabidopsis root architecture to the spatial heterogeneity of nitrate availability. Nitrates 15-22 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 37-41 23731054-0 2014 Auxin-mediated nitrate signalling by NRT1.1 participates in the adaptive response of Arabidopsis root architecture to the spatial heterogeneity of nitrate availability. Nitrates 147-154 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 37-41 23731054-4 2014 Using a split-root system, we explored the hypothesis that preferential lateral root growth in the nitrate-rich side involves the NRT1.1-dependent repression of lateral root growth in the low nitrate side. Nitrates 99-106 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 130-134 24259683-4 2014 Expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes and two-electrode voltage clamp measurements showed that VvNPF3.2 is a low-affinity transporter for both nitrate and nitrite and displays characteristics of NPF members from other plants. Nitrates 142-149 protein NRT1/ PTR FAMILY 3.1 Vitis vinifera 94-102 23731054-5 2014 Data show that NRT1.1 acts locally to modulate both auxin levels and meristematic activity in response to the low nitrate concentration directly experienced by lateral roots leading to a repression of their growth. Nitrates 114-121 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 15-19 23731054-6 2014 A stimulatory role of NRT1.1 in the high nitrate side, which does not rely on changes in auxin levels, is also observed. Nitrates 41-48 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-28 23731054-7 2014 Altogether, our data suggest that NRT1.1 allows preferential root colonization of nitrate-rich patches by both preventing root growth in response to low nitrate, through modulation of auxin traffic, and stimulating root growth in response to high nitrate, through a yet uncharacterized mechanism. Nitrates 82-89 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 34-40 23731054-7 2014 Altogether, our data suggest that NRT1.1 allows preferential root colonization of nitrate-rich patches by both preventing root growth in response to low nitrate, through modulation of auxin traffic, and stimulating root growth in response to high nitrate, through a yet uncharacterized mechanism. Nitrates 153-160 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 34-40 23731054-7 2014 Altogether, our data suggest that NRT1.1 allows preferential root colonization of nitrate-rich patches by both preventing root growth in response to low nitrate, through modulation of auxin traffic, and stimulating root growth in response to high nitrate, through a yet uncharacterized mechanism. Nitrates 153-160 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 34-40 23731054-8 2014 In addition, transcriptional regulation of NRT1.1 affects both mechanisms allowing plants to modulate the effect of nitrate on root branching. Nitrates 116-123 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 43-47 24272701-6 2014 Nitrate-mediated NRT2.1 expression is not influenced by gin2-1, showing that Glc does not influence NRT2.1 expression through nitrate-mediated mechanisms. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 17-23 24272701-7 2014 We also show that Glc stimulates NRT2.1 protein levels and transport activity independently of its HEXOKINASE1-mediated stimulation of NRT2.1 expression, demonstrating another possible posttranscriptional mechanism influencing nitrate uptake. Nitrates 227-234 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-39 24259683-5 2014 We also cloned the Arabidopsis ortholog, AtNPF3.1, and showed that AtNPF3.1 similarly transported nitrate and nitrite with low affinity. Nitrates 98-105 Major facilitator superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 41-49 24259683-5 2014 We also cloned the Arabidopsis ortholog, AtNPF3.1, and showed that AtNPF3.1 similarly transported nitrate and nitrite with low affinity. Nitrates 98-105 Major facilitator superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 67-75 24642706-0 2014 Nitrate regulation of AFB3 and NAC4 gene expression in Arabidopsis roots depends on NRT1.1 nitrate transport function. Nitrates 0-7 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-26 24642706-0 2014 Nitrate regulation of AFB3 and NAC4 gene expression in Arabidopsis roots depends on NRT1.1 nitrate transport function. Nitrates 0-7 NAC domain containing protein 80 Arabidopsis thaliana 31-35 24642706-3 2014 We found that gene expression in response to nitrate treatment of the AFB3 auxin receptor and its target, the NAC4 transcription factor depends on the nitrate transport function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 45-52 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-74 24642706-0 2014 Nitrate regulation of AFB3 and NAC4 gene expression in Arabidopsis roots depends on NRT1.1 nitrate transport function. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 84-88 24642706-3 2014 We found that gene expression in response to nitrate treatment of the AFB3 auxin receptor and its target, the NAC4 transcription factor depends on the nitrate transport function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 45-52 NAC domain containing protein 80 Arabidopsis thaliana 110-114 24642706-0 2014 Nitrate regulation of AFB3 and NAC4 gene expression in Arabidopsis roots depends on NRT1.1 nitrate transport function. Nitrates 91-98 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-26 24642706-3 2014 We found that gene expression in response to nitrate treatment of the AFB3 auxin receptor and its target, the NAC4 transcription factor depends on the nitrate transport function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 181-187 24642706-3 2014 We found that gene expression in response to nitrate treatment of the AFB3 auxin receptor and its target, the NAC4 transcription factor depends on the nitrate transport function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 151-158 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-74 24642706-0 2014 Nitrate regulation of AFB3 and NAC4 gene expression in Arabidopsis roots depends on NRT1.1 nitrate transport function. Nitrates 91-98 NAC domain containing protein 80 Arabidopsis thaliana 31-35 24642706-3 2014 We found that gene expression in response to nitrate treatment of the AFB3 auxin receptor and its target, the NAC4 transcription factor depends on the nitrate transport function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 151-158 NAC domain containing protein 80 Arabidopsis thaliana 110-114 24642706-3 2014 We found that gene expression in response to nitrate treatment of the AFB3 auxin receptor and its target, the NAC4 transcription factor depends on the nitrate transport function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 151-158 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 181-187 24642706-4 2014 This gene regulatory function of NRT1.1 on AFB3 and NAC4 differs from the previously described signaling function controlling NRT2.1, NIA1 and NIA2 transcript levels and root colonization of nitrate-rich patches. Nitrates 191-198 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-39 24642706-4 2014 This gene regulatory function of NRT1.1 on AFB3 and NAC4 differs from the previously described signaling function controlling NRT2.1, NIA1 and NIA2 transcript levels and root colonization of nitrate-rich patches. Nitrates 191-198 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 43-47 24642706-4 2014 This gene regulatory function of NRT1.1 on AFB3 and NAC4 differs from the previously described signaling function controlling NRT2.1, NIA1 and NIA2 transcript levels and root colonization of nitrate-rich patches. Nitrates 191-198 NAC domain containing protein 80 Arabidopsis thaliana 52-56 24642706-0 2014 Nitrate regulation of AFB3 and NAC4 gene expression in Arabidopsis roots depends on NRT1.1 nitrate transport function. Nitrates 91-98 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 84-88 24642706-4 2014 This gene regulatory function of NRT1.1 on AFB3 and NAC4 differs from the previously described signaling function controlling NRT2.1, NIA1 and NIA2 transcript levels and root colonization of nitrate-rich patches. Nitrates 191-198 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 134-138 25187978-12 2014 In the group with ED, the serum level of endothelin 1 was higher compared with the group without ED (0.57 +-0.18 vs. 0.49 +-0.21 pg/ml; P = 0.032) and that of nitrates and nitrites was lower compared with the group without ED (15.2 [11.1-29.9] vs. 22.8 [16.9-33.0] mumol/l; P = 0.0005). Nitrates 159-167 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 41-53 24642706-4 2014 This gene regulatory function of NRT1.1 on AFB3 and NAC4 differs from the previously described signaling function controlling NRT2.1, NIA1 and NIA2 transcript levels and root colonization of nitrate-rich patches. Nitrates 191-198 nitrate reductase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 143-147 24642706-5 2014 Our work suggests two different signaling pathways may exist to control gene expression in response to nitrate downstream of NRT1.1. Nitrates 103-110 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 125-131 24923291-2 2014 The new compound CLC-3000 is an aminoethyl nitrate (AEN) derivative of pioglitazone, a thiazolidinedione antidiabetic agent combining the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist activity of pioglitazone with the NO-donating activity of the nitrate moiety. Nitrates 43-50 cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 Rattus norvegicus 17-20 24923291-4 2014 RESULTS: In vitro, CLC-3000 displayed more potent vasodilation than pioglitazone alone or classical nitrates. Nitrates 100-108 cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 Rattus norvegicus 19-22 24923291-9 2014 CONCLUSION: In summary, the results of these studies demonstrate that CLC-3000 contains a vasodilative and antithrombotic activity that is not evident with pioglitazone alone, and that 7 days of exposure in vivo showed no typical signs of nitrate tolerance, endothelial dysfunction or other safety concerns in Wistar rats. Nitrates 239-246 cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 Rattus norvegicus 70-73 25187978-14 2014 In the group with ED, PTH inversely correlated with nitrates and nitrites (R = -0.48; P = 0.003). Nitrates 52-60 parathyroid hormone Homo sapiens 22-25 25187978-15 2014 CONCLUSIONS: In women with AH and without ED, PTH affected the production of a vasoconstrictor, endothelin 1, while in those with ED, PTH was associated with a lower production of vasodilators, nitrates and nitrites, by the vascular endothelium. Nitrates 194-202 parathyroid hormone Homo sapiens 46-49 25187978-15 2014 CONCLUSIONS: In women with AH and without ED, PTH affected the production of a vasoconstrictor, endothelin 1, while in those with ED, PTH was associated with a lower production of vasodilators, nitrates and nitrites, by the vascular endothelium. Nitrates 194-202 parathyroid hormone Homo sapiens 134-137 23703110-5 2013 Using fish oil (0.0368 g EPA and 0.0184 g DHA, per day), melatonin (10 mg/kg/day), and vitamin E (50 mg/Kg/day) we have now shown that COX-2 activity, LPO and nitrite/nitrate levels were significantly increased in MPTP treated mice (p < 0.001) while fish oil, melatonin and vitamin E treatment were capable of decreasing significantly the outcome of all above noted parameters (p < 0.05). Nitrates 167-174 cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial Mus musculus 135-140 23993458-3 2014 It has been demonstrated that ultrasound can produce NOx (nitrate and nitrite), with a production rate of 2.2 muM min(-1). Nitrates 58-65 latexin Homo sapiens 110-113 24212048-5 2013 Most delta(15)NNO3 values were within ranges expected for nitrate formed by ammonia nitrification in soil. Nitrates 58-65 NNO3 Homo sapiens 14-18 24094891-5 2013 SYN-PC positively co-related with nitrate and phosphate and SYN-PEI with phosphate. Nitrates 34-41 synemin Homo sapiens 0-3 26328121-8 2013 The use of PDE-5 inhibitors is absolutely contraindicated in patients taking nitrate preparations. Nitrates 77-84 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 11-16 23452999-9 2013 Nitrate loading obtained after nitrification, denitrification, and NO3 removal from unsaturated and shallow aquifer zones is combined with groundwater recharge. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 67-70 24096001-4 2013 It was found that applying an electrical potential improved the nitrate removal and the highest nitrate removal rate of 208.2 +- 13.3g NO3(-)-Nm(-3) d(-1) was achieved at 0.8 V. Although the open circuit condition (no electricity generation) still resulted in a nitrate removal rate of 158.5 +- 4.2 gm(-3) d(-1) due to ion exchange, electricity production could inhibit ion exchange and prevent introducing other undesired ions into groundwater. Nitrates 64-71 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 135-138 24096001-4 2013 It was found that applying an electrical potential improved the nitrate removal and the highest nitrate removal rate of 208.2 +- 13.3g NO3(-)-Nm(-3) d(-1) was achieved at 0.8 V. Although the open circuit condition (no electricity generation) still resulted in a nitrate removal rate of 158.5 +- 4.2 gm(-3) d(-1) due to ion exchange, electricity production could inhibit ion exchange and prevent introducing other undesired ions into groundwater. Nitrates 96-103 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 135-138 24096001-4 2013 It was found that applying an electrical potential improved the nitrate removal and the highest nitrate removal rate of 208.2 +- 13.3g NO3(-)-Nm(-3) d(-1) was achieved at 0.8 V. Although the open circuit condition (no electricity generation) still resulted in a nitrate removal rate of 158.5 +- 4.2 gm(-3) d(-1) due to ion exchange, electricity production could inhibit ion exchange and prevent introducing other undesired ions into groundwater. Nitrates 96-103 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 135-138 23089892-9 2013 CART analysis showed that 30-day mortality among patients undergoing emergency CABG with unstable hemodynamic conditions was 32.60 % and it was 20.0 % in patients undergoing non-emergency operation with nitrates infusion at arrival in the operating room and left ventricular ejection fraction <30 %. Nitrates 203-211 CART prepropeptide Homo sapiens 0-4 24061044-3 2013 A detailed study of the nitrate derivative, based on the DFT analysis of the polarized spectra of single crystals, has been undertaken to propose the normal mode assignment of the Raman peaks in the low spin state of the compound. Nitrates 24-31 spindlin 1 Homo sapiens 203-207 24028846-9 2013 35SPro:SWEET16 plants exhibited increased growth efficiency when cultivated on soil and showed improved nitrogen use efficiency when nitrate was sufficiently available, while under conditions of limiting nitrogen, wild-type biomasses were higher than those of 35SPro:SWEET16 plants. Nitrates 133-140 Nodulin MtN3 family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 7-14 25518555-5 2013 We established that a NO scavenger, hemoglobin (4 muM), fully or partially removed the toxic effect of SNP, nitrate, and nitrite on growth. Nitrates 108-115 latexin Homo sapiens 50-53 23793091-7 2013 Residual nitrite and nitrate associated with fresh NEF and nitrate in NEF cooked LL were found (P<0.05) in the outer layer. Nitrates 21-28 S100 calcium binding protein B Homo sapiens 51-54 23793091-7 2013 Residual nitrite and nitrate associated with fresh NEF and nitrate in NEF cooked LL were found (P<0.05) in the outer layer. Nitrates 21-28 S100 calcium binding protein B Homo sapiens 70-73 23793091-7 2013 Residual nitrite and nitrate associated with fresh NEF and nitrate in NEF cooked LL were found (P<0.05) in the outer layer. Nitrates 59-66 S100 calcium binding protein B Homo sapiens 70-73 23811105-6 2013 The activity of SOD and CAT decreased with the amount of nitrate and nitrite, while GSHPx and TBARS resulted unaffected. Nitrates 57-64 catalase Homo sapiens 24-27 23645597-0 2013 Arabidopsis NRT1.1 is a bidirectional transporter involved in root-to-shoot nitrate translocation. Nitrates 76-83 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 12-18 23850530-6 2013 Acidosis and IL-1beta increased nitrite/nitrate release, but increases were moderate at 2% O2 and significantly reduced at <1% O2. Nitrates 40-47 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 13-21 24058148-1 2013 Cytokinin activity in plants is closely related to nitrogen availability, and an Arabidopsis gene for adenosine phosphate-isopentenyltransferase (IPT), IPT3, is regulated by inorganic nitrogen sources in a nitrate-specific manner. Nitrates 206-213 isopentenyltransferase 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 152-156 24119003-5 2013 Our sequencing strategy identified new nitrate-regulated genes including 40 genes not represented in the ATH1 Affymetrix GeneChip, a novel nitrate-responsive antisense transcript and a new nitrate responsive miRNA/TARGET module consisting of a novel microRNA, miR5640 and its target, AtPPC3. Nitrates 39-46 homeobox protein ATH1 Arabidopsis thaliana 105-109 24119003-5 2013 Our sequencing strategy identified new nitrate-regulated genes including 40 genes not represented in the ATH1 Affymetrix GeneChip, a novel nitrate-responsive antisense transcript and a new nitrate responsive miRNA/TARGET module consisting of a novel microRNA, miR5640 and its target, AtPPC3. Nitrates 39-46 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 284-290 24089435-0 2013 A reevaluation of the role of Arabidopsis NRT1.1 in high-affinity nitrate transport. Nitrates 66-73 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 42-48 23917809-8 2013 Side effects and interactions of PDE 5 inhibitors with other drugs have been minimal, with the exception of their coadministration with nitrates, which could lead to severe vasodilation and hypotension and therefore, their coadministration is prohibited. Nitrates 136-144 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 33-38 24006285-0 2013 Two phloem nitrate transporters, NRT1.11 and NRT1.12, are important for redistributing xylem-borne nitrate to enhance plant growth. Nitrates 11-18 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-37 24006285-7 2013 These data suggested that NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 are involved in xylem-to-phloem transfer for redistributing nitrate into developing leaves, and such nitrate redistribution is a critical step for optimal plant growth enhanced by increasing external nitrate. Nitrates 106-113 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 26-30 23480350-0 2013 Regulation of nitrate reduction in Arabidopsis WT and hxk1 mutant under C and N metabolites. Nitrates 14-21 hexokinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 54-58 23480350-1 2013 As in plants sugar sensing and signal transduction involve pathways dependent or independent on hexokinase 1 (HXK1) as a glucose sensor, research was conducted to determine which pathway is responsible for regulation of the nitrate reduction. Nitrates 224-231 hexokinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 110-114 24006285-0 2013 Two phloem nitrate transporters, NRT1.11 and NRT1.12, are important for redistributing xylem-borne nitrate to enhance plant growth. Nitrates 11-18 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 45-49 24006285-7 2013 These data suggested that NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 are involved in xylem-to-phloem transfer for redistributing nitrate into developing leaves, and such nitrate redistribution is a critical step for optimal plant growth enhanced by increasing external nitrate. Nitrates 106-113 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 38-42 24006285-7 2013 These data suggested that NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 are involved in xylem-to-phloem transfer for redistributing nitrate into developing leaves, and such nitrate redistribution is a critical step for optimal plant growth enhanced by increasing external nitrate. Nitrates 147-154 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 26-30 24006285-0 2013 Two phloem nitrate transporters, NRT1.11 and NRT1.12, are important for redistributing xylem-borne nitrate to enhance plant growth. Nitrates 99-106 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-37 24006285-7 2013 These data suggested that NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 are involved in xylem-to-phloem transfer for redistributing nitrate into developing leaves, and such nitrate redistribution is a critical step for optimal plant growth enhanced by increasing external nitrate. Nitrates 147-154 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 38-42 24270626-7 2013 This conserved motif, referred to here as NRE43-d8, was previously shown to be critical for nitrate-activated transcription of nitrate reductase (NIA1) and nitrite reductase (NIR1) by the NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 6 (NLP6) in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 92-99 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 146-150 24006285-7 2013 These data suggested that NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 are involved in xylem-to-phloem transfer for redistributing nitrate into developing leaves, and such nitrate redistribution is a critical step for optimal plant growth enhanced by increasing external nitrate. Nitrates 147-154 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 26-30 24270626-7 2013 This conserved motif, referred to here as NRE43-d8, was previously shown to be critical for nitrate-activated transcription of nitrate reductase (NIA1) and nitrite reductase (NIR1) by the NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 6 (NLP6) in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 92-99 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 175-179 24006285-0 2013 Two phloem nitrate transporters, NRT1.11 and NRT1.12, are important for redistributing xylem-borne nitrate to enhance plant growth. Nitrates 99-106 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 45-49 24270626-7 2013 This conserved motif, referred to here as NRE43-d8, was previously shown to be critical for nitrate-activated transcription of nitrate reductase (NIA1) and nitrite reductase (NIR1) by the NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 6 (NLP6) in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 92-99 Plant regulator RWP-RK family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 188-206 24006285-7 2013 These data suggested that NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 are involved in xylem-to-phloem transfer for redistributing nitrate into developing leaves, and such nitrate redistribution is a critical step for optimal plant growth enhanced by increasing external nitrate. Nitrates 147-154 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 38-42 24006285-1 2013 This study of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) nitrate transporters NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 reveals how the interplay between xylem and phloem transport of nitrate ensures optimal nitrate distribution in leaves for plant growth. Nitrates 53-60 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 74-78 24270631-0 2013 The evolutionary events necessary for the emergence of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes may involve a loss of nitrate responsiveness of the NIN transcription factor. Nitrates 116-123 nin Lotus japonicus 146-149 24270631-2 2013 NIN-like proteins (NLPs), which are presumably present in all land plants, were recently identified as key transcription factors in nitrate signaling and responses in Arabidopsis thaliana, a non-leguminous plant. Nitrates 132-139 nin Lotus japonicus 0-3 24270631-3 2013 Here we show that both NIN and NLP1 of L. japonicus (LjNLP1) can bind to the nitrate-responsive cis-element (NRE) and promote transcription from an NRE-containing promoter as did the NLPs of A. thaliana (AtNLPs). Nitrates 77-84 nin Lotus japonicus 23-26 24270631-3 2013 Here we show that both NIN and NLP1 of L. japonicus (LjNLP1) can bind to the nitrate-responsive cis-element (NRE) and promote transcription from an NRE-containing promoter as did the NLPs of A. thaliana (AtNLPs). Nitrates 77-84 NLP1 Lotus japonicus 31-35 24270626-7 2013 This conserved motif, referred to here as NRE43-d8, was previously shown to be critical for nitrate-activated transcription of nitrate reductase (NIA1) and nitrite reductase (NIR1) by the NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 6 (NLP6) in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 92-99 Plant regulator RWP-RK family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 208-212 24270631-3 2013 Here we show that both NIN and NLP1 of L. japonicus (LjNLP1) can bind to the nitrate-responsive cis-element (NRE) and promote transcription from an NRE-containing promoter as did the NLPs of A. thaliana (AtNLPs). Nitrates 77-84 NLP1 Lotus japonicus 53-59 24006285-1 2013 This study of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) nitrate transporters NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 reveals how the interplay between xylem and phloem transport of nitrate ensures optimal nitrate distribution in leaves for plant growth. Nitrates 53-60 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 86-90 24270631-5 2013 Thus, in the course of the evolution of NIN into a transcription factor that functions in nodulation in legumes, some mutations might arise that converted it to a nitrate-insensitive transcription factor. Nitrates 163-170 nin Lotus japonicus 40-43 24270631-6 2013 Because nodule formation is induced under nitrogen-deficient conditions, we speculate that the loss of the nitrate-responsiveness of NIN may be one of the evolutionary events necessary for the emergence of symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes. Nitrates 107-114 nin Lotus japonicus 133-136 24006285-1 2013 This study of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) nitrate transporters NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 reveals how the interplay between xylem and phloem transport of nitrate ensures optimal nitrate distribution in leaves for plant growth. Nitrates 158-165 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 74-78 24006285-1 2013 This study of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) nitrate transporters NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 reveals how the interplay between xylem and phloem transport of nitrate ensures optimal nitrate distribution in leaves for plant growth. Nitrates 158-165 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 86-90 24006285-5 2013 In nrt1.11 nrt1.12 double mutants, more root-fed (15)NO3(-) was translocated to mature and larger expanded leaves but less to the youngest tissues, suggesting that NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 are required for transferring root-derived nitrate into phloem in the major veins of mature and larger expanded leaves for redistributing to the youngest tissues. Nitrates 227-234 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 3-7 24006285-5 2013 In nrt1.11 nrt1.12 double mutants, more root-fed (15)NO3(-) was translocated to mature and larger expanded leaves but less to the youngest tissues, suggesting that NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 are required for transferring root-derived nitrate into phloem in the major veins of mature and larger expanded leaves for redistributing to the youngest tissues. Nitrates 227-234 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 164-168 24006285-5 2013 In nrt1.11 nrt1.12 double mutants, more root-fed (15)NO3(-) was translocated to mature and larger expanded leaves but less to the youngest tissues, suggesting that NRT1.11 and NRT1.12 are required for transferring root-derived nitrate into phloem in the major veins of mature and larger expanded leaves for redistributing to the youngest tissues. Nitrates 227-234 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 176-180 24006285-6 2013 Distinct from the wild type, nrt1.11 nrt1.12 double mutants show no increase of plant growth at high nitrate supply. Nitrates 101-108 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 29-33 23771693-0 2013 Preconditioning with soluble guanylate cyclase activation prevents postischemic inflammation and reduces nitrate tolerance in heme oxygenase-1 knockout mice. Nitrates 105-112 heme oxygenase 1 Mus musculus 126-142 23820008-1 2013 Nitrate (NO3-) pollution in aquatic system is a worldwide problem. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 23734982-8 2013 Transcriptome analysis of homozygous viable nar1-4 seedlings showed transcriptional repression of a subset of genes involved in "iron ion transport" and "response to nitrate". Nitrates 166-173 ferredoxin hydrogenase Arabidopsis thaliana 44-48 23771693-1 2013 Previously we have shown that, unlike wild-type mice (WT), heme oxygenase-1 knockout (HO-1-/-) mice developed nitrate tolerance and were not protected from inflammation caused by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) when preconditioned with a H2S donor. Nitrates 110-117 heme oxygenase 1 Mus musculus 59-75 23943655-12 2013 In the unstable group, the total concentration of nitrite and nitrate at the last visit was 9.84 (6.65-11.24) muM. Nitrates 62-69 latexin Homo sapiens 110-113 23834222-5 2013 The first example of lead(II) borate nitrate, namely, [Pb3(B3O7)](NO3) (2), crystallizes in space group Pnma, and its structures features a 3D lead(II) borate cationic network structure in which (B3O7)(5-) anions are bridged by lead(II) cations, the nitrate anions are isolated, and located at the small voids of the cationic network. Nitrates 37-44 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 66-69 23739688-1 2013 The paralogous and functionally redundant GATA transcription factors GNC (for GATA, NITRATE-INDUCIBLE, CARBON-METABOLISM INVOLVED) and GNL/CGA1 (for GNC-LIKE/CYTOKININ-RESPONSIVE GATA FACTOR1) from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) promote greening and repress flowering downstream from the phytohormone gibberellin. Nitrates 84-91 GATA type zinc finger transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 42-46 23621281-5 2013 When N-deprived plants were fed via the roots with 15NO3 -, pgl3-1 exhibited normal induction of OPPP and nitrate assimilation genes in roots, and amino acids in roots and shoots were labeled with (15) N at least as rapidly as in the wild type. Nitrates 106-113 NagB/RpiA/CoA transferase-like superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 60-64 23514778-0 2013 Chemolithotrophic nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-oxidizing nature of actinobacterial subdivision lineage TM3. Nitrates 18-25 tropomyosin 3 Homo sapiens 99-102 23514778-4 2013 The incubations of sediment under chemolithotrophic nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-oxidizing conditions have shown the enrichment of TM3 group of uncultured Actinobacteria. Nitrates 52-59 tropomyosin 3 Homo sapiens 127-130 23514778-11 2013 To the best of our knowledge this is the first study to show the autotrophic nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-oxidizing nature of TM3 group of uncultured Actinobacteria. Nitrates 77-84 tropomyosin 3 Homo sapiens 122-125 23983629-5 2013 Comparisons between measured and simulated data indicated that the NO3-N concentrations in the soil and nitrate leaching to drains are controlled by the fertilizer practice, the initial conditions and the rainfall depth and distribution. Nitrates 104-111 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 67-70 23847199-0 2013 Systems approaches map regulatory networks downstream of the auxin receptor AFB3 in the nitrate response of Arabidopsis thaliana roots. Nitrates 88-95 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 76-80 23847199-3 2013 We previously reported a role for AFB3 in coordinating primary and lateral root growth to nitrate availability. Nitrates 90-97 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 34-38 23847199-4 2013 In this work, we used an integrated genomics, bioinformatics, and molecular genetics approach to dissect regulatory networks acting downstream of AFB3 that are activated by nitrate in roots. Nitrates 173-180 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 146-150 23847199-5 2013 We found that the NAC4 transcription factor is a key regulatory element controlling a nitrate-responsive network, and that nac4 mutants have altered lateral root growth but normal primary root growth in response to nitrate. Nitrates 86-93 NAC domain containing protein 80 Arabidopsis thaliana 18-22 23847199-5 2013 We found that the NAC4 transcription factor is a key regulatory element controlling a nitrate-responsive network, and that nac4 mutants have altered lateral root growth but normal primary root growth in response to nitrate. Nitrates 86-93 NAC domain containing protein 80 Arabidopsis thaliana 123-127 23847199-5 2013 We found that the NAC4 transcription factor is a key regulatory element controlling a nitrate-responsive network, and that nac4 mutants have altered lateral root growth but normal primary root growth in response to nitrate. Nitrates 215-222 NAC domain containing protein 80 Arabidopsis thaliana 123-127 23847199-7 2013 Our systems approach has unraveled key components of the AFB3 regulatory network leading to changes in lateral root growth in response to nitrate. Nitrates 138-145 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 57-61 23666325-5 2013 However, in the nitrate- and sulfate-plus-lactate-amended microcosms, soluble As levels decreased to 0.01 and 0.41 +- 0.13 muM, respectively, by the end of the experiment. Nitrates 16-23 latexin Homo sapiens 123-126 23683835-0 2013 Synthesis of organic nitrates of luteolin as a novel class of potent aldose reductase inhibitors. Nitrates 21-29 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B Homo sapiens 69-85 23820397-5 2013 In turn, this inflammatory response enhanced the luminal growth of E. coli by nitrate respiration in a Nos2-dependent fashion. Nitrates 78-85 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 103-107 23820397-9 2013 Here we show that streptomycin increases the inflammatory tone of the intestinal mucosa, thereby making the bowel more susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium treatment and boosting the Nos2-dependent growth of commensal Escherichia coli by nitrate respiration. Nitrates 239-246 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 184-188 23305042-0 2013 The nitrate transporter NRT2.1 functions in the ethylene response to nitrate deficiency in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 4-11 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 24-30 23395779-0 2013 Effect of dietary nitrate on blood pressure, endothelial function, and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. Nitrates 18-25 insulin Homo sapiens 71-78 23395779-4 2013 We sought to determine if supplementing dietary nitrate with beetroot juice, a rich source of nitrate, will lower BP and improve endothelial function and insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Nitrates 48-55 insulin Homo sapiens 154-161 23305042-3 2013 However, molecular interaction between NRT2.1 transcript levels and the ethylene signalling pathway under nitrate deficiency is still elusive. Nitrates 106-113 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-45 23305042-2 2013 Previous studies have reported impact of high nitrate (HN) availability on ethylene biosynthesis and regulation of ethylene on nitrate transporter 2.1 (NRT2.1) expression. Nitrates 46-53 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 127-150 23305042-5 2013 LN treatment also caused up-regulation of NRT2.1 expression, which was responsible for an enhanced high-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 113-120 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 42-48 23305042-2 2013 Previous studies have reported impact of high nitrate (HN) availability on ethylene biosynthesis and regulation of ethylene on nitrate transporter 2.1 (NRT2.1) expression. Nitrates 46-53 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 152-158 23305042-8 2013 Together, these findings uncover a negative feedback loop between NRT2.1 expression and ethylene biosynthesis and signalling under nitrate deficiency, which may contribute to finely tuning of plant nitrate acquisition during exploring dynamic soil conditions. Nitrates 131-138 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-72 23725033-3 2013 Nitrate is reduced at the Mo active site of NR, yielding the oxidized form of the enzyme, which is reactivated by the electro-reduced form of the mediator. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 44-46 23305042-8 2013 Together, these findings uncover a negative feedback loop between NRT2.1 expression and ethylene biosynthesis and signalling under nitrate deficiency, which may contribute to finely tuning of plant nitrate acquisition during exploring dynamic soil conditions. Nitrates 198-205 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-72 23662623-1 2013 Under Fe(3+)-reducing conditions, soil Fe(2+) oxidation has been shown to be coupled with nitrate (NO3(-)) reduction. Nitrates 90-97 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 99-102 23356444-8 2013 Plasma nitrite/nitrate levels were lower in patients with CSX than control subjects (15.9 +- 1.6 mumol/L vs. 25.4 +- 2.8 mumol/L, respectively; P < 0.001), and they have a significantly positive correlation with plasma adropin levels (r = 0.463, P < 0.001). Nitrates 15-22 NK2 homeobox 5 Homo sapiens 58-61 23470627-7 2013 Chronic inhibition of polyamine synthesis using an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor significantly reduced polyamine levels, restored nitrite/nitrate levels to normal, and abrogated the AHR to methacholine in the acute model of allergic airways inflammation. Nitrates 142-149 ornithine decarboxylase, structural 1 Mus musculus 51-74 23356444-9 2013 In the multiple linear regression analysis, nitrite/nitrate levels, BMI, and adropin were found to be independent risk factors for CSX. Nitrates 52-59 NK2 homeobox 5 Homo sapiens 131-134 23713126-2 2013 Leakages from the use of fertilizer Nr contribute to nitrate (NO3(-)) in drainage waters from agricultural land and emissions of trace Nr compounds to the atmosphere. Nitrates 53-60 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 62-65 23590427-5 2013 Our results are consistent with a seed-specific response to seasonal temperature patterns (temporal sensing) involving the gene DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1) that indicates the correct season, and concurrent temporally driven co-opted mechanisms that sense spatial signals, i.e. nitrate, via CBL-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE 23 (CIPK23) phosphorylation of the NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1 (NRT1.1), and light, via PHYTOCHROME A (PHYA). Nitrates 279-286 delay of germination 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 152-156 23759982-1 2013 Extending our previous observations, we have shown on HaCat cells that melatonin, at ~10-9 M concentration, transiently raises not only the expression of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mRNA, but also the nNOS protein synthesis and the nitric oxide oxidation products, nitrite and nitrate. Nitrates 291-298 nitric oxide synthase 1 Homo sapiens 190-194 24191599-5 2013 In river without highly circulating irrigation system or water gate effect, the downstream nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) concentration increase occurred in area dominated by open field cultivation, whereas the NO3-N concentration was constant or decreased in area dominated by greenhouse land use. Nitrates 91-98 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 109-112 24621868-3 2013 Some of the benefits seen with hydralazine, including afterload reduction and attenuation of nitrate tolerance, have also been observed with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Nitrates 93-100 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 141-170 24621868-4 2013 Demonstrating similar clinical benefits with nitrates plus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy alone, in the absence of hydralazine, may represent an opportunity to improve heart failure care by increasing the use of nitrates. Nitrates 229-237 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 59-88 23386129-3 2013 Blockade of Mas with its antagonist A-779 in Bdkrb2(-/-) shortens thrombosis times (58 +- 4 minutes to 38 +- 4 minutes) and bleeding times (170 +- 13 seconds to 88 +- 8 seconds) and lowers plasma nitrate (22 +- 4 muM to 15 +- 5 muM), and 6-keto-PGF1alpha (259 +- 103 pg/mL to 132 +- 58 pg/mL). Nitrates 196-203 bradykinin receptor, beta 2 Mus musculus 45-51 23536322-11 2013 NaK-Ni7-Ale2 proved to be efficient for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate, nitrite and nitrous oxide. Nitrates 74-81 TANK binding kinase 1 Homo sapiens 0-3 23376235-7 2013 In the 27 patients on dialysis, baseline plasma nitrite and nitrate by HPLC were 0.21+-0.03 and 67.25+-14.68 muM, respectively. Nitrates 60-67 latexin Homo sapiens 109-112 23394787-0 2013 Response to nitrate/ammonium nutrition of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants overexpressing a prokaryotic NH4(+)-dependent asparagine synthetase. Nitrates 12-19 asparagine synthetase Solanum lycopersicum 128-149 23378445-11 2013 CONCLUSIONS: Ex vivo thrombin generation was associated with exposure to NO2, nitrate and sulphate, but not PM mass, PM OP or other measured air pollutants. Nitrates 78-85 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 21-29 23589565-9 2013 Our observations demonstrate the improved efficacy of inorganic nitrate and nitrite in hypertension as a consequence of increased erythrocytic XOR nitrite reductase activity and support the concept of dietary nitrate supplementation as an effective, but simple and inexpensive, antihypertensive strategy. Nitrates 64-71 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 143-146 23463757-10 2013 ATbG-NOS3 haplotype homozygosity was associated with up to 64% higher nitrite/nitrate levels (P=0.003). Nitrates 78-85 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 5-9 23467180-4 2013 High riverine concentrations of nitrate (NO3; up to 220 muM) and phosphate (PO4; up to 3.7 muM) mainly originated from agricultural fertilizer input. Nitrates 32-39 latexin Homo sapiens 56-59 23194305-10 2013 The results support the view that impaired ALDH2-catalysed metabolism of GTN contributes significantly to the development of vascular nitrate tolerance and reveal a hitherto unrecognized protective effect of ascorbate in the vasculature. Nitrates 134-141 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 43-48 23515834-8 2013 According to Canonical Correspondence Analysis, pH, temperature, nitrite, and nitrate concentration strongly affected the diversity and distribution of anammox bacteria in South China Sea sediments. Nitrates 78-85 S13 erythroblastosis (avian) oncogene homolog Homo sapiens 184-187 23441627-8 2013 The high NOS-2 expression coincided with an exacerbated NO production in the infection focus and in plasma, as judging by nitrate + nitrite levels. Nitrates 122-129 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 9-14 23461818-1 2013 Aqueous nitrate, NO3(-)(aq), was studied by 2D-IR, UV-IR, and UV-UV time-resolved spectroscopies in combination with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the purpose of determining the hydration dynamics around the anion. Nitrates 8-15 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 17-20 23398541-8 2013 Using a nitrate reductase mutant, it was confirmed that the NRT2.5/NRT2.6-dependent plant signalling pathway is independent of nitrate-dependent regulation of root development. Nitrates 8-15 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 60-64 23398541-8 2013 Using a nitrate reductase mutant, it was confirmed that the NRT2.5/NRT2.6-dependent plant signalling pathway is independent of nitrate-dependent regulation of root development. Nitrates 8-15 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 67-71 23276425-4 2013 Titanium dioxide (Evonik P90), acting as photocatalyst, reduced nitrate effectively in both synthetic brines and sulfate-removed IX brine when formic acid (FA) was used as the hole scavenger (i.e., electron donor) and the initial FA to nitrate molar ratio (IFNR) was 5.6. Nitrates 236-243 cellular inhibitor of PP2A Homo sapiens 25-28 23387982-1 2013 In the atmosphere, mineral dust particles are often associated with adsorbed nitrate from heterogeneous reactions with nitrogen oxides (N2O5, HNO3, NO3, and NO2). Nitrates 77-84 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 143-146 23307651-1 2013 Plant nitrate (NO3(-)) acquisition depends on the combined activities of root high- and low-affinity NO3(-) transporters and the proton gradient generated by the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase. Nitrates 6-13 plasma membrane H+-ATPase Arabidopsis thaliana 162-189 23276425-4 2013 Titanium dioxide (Evonik P90), acting as photocatalyst, reduced nitrate effectively in both synthetic brines and sulfate-removed IX brine when formic acid (FA) was used as the hole scavenger (i.e., electron donor) and the initial FA to nitrate molar ratio (IFNR) was 5.6. Nitrates 64-71 cellular inhibitor of PP2A Homo sapiens 25-28 23276425-6 2013 In a non-modified IX brine, nitrate removal was greatly inhibited owing to the presence of sulfate, which competed with nitrate for active surface sites on P90 and induced aggregation of P90 nanoparticles. Nitrates 28-35 cellular inhibitor of PP2A Homo sapiens 156-159 23276425-6 2013 In a non-modified IX brine, nitrate removal was greatly inhibited owing to the presence of sulfate, which competed with nitrate for active surface sites on P90 and induced aggregation of P90 nanoparticles. Nitrates 28-35 cellular inhibitor of PP2A Homo sapiens 187-190 23276425-6 2013 In a non-modified IX brine, nitrate removal was greatly inhibited owing to the presence of sulfate, which competed with nitrate for active surface sites on P90 and induced aggregation of P90 nanoparticles. Nitrates 120-127 cellular inhibitor of PP2A Homo sapiens 156-159 23250328-7 2013 Our system shows good correlation with controls up to 50 muM of nitrate, which adequately covers the healthy human range (4 to 45.3 muM). Nitrates 64-71 latexin Homo sapiens 57-60 23250328-7 2013 Our system shows good correlation with controls up to 50 muM of nitrate, which adequately covers the healthy human range (4 to 45.3 muM). Nitrates 64-71 latexin Homo sapiens 132-135 23288160-8 2013 Ex vivo study showed that, compared with controls, platelets from carriers of NOX2 deficiency had lower isoprostanes (P<0.001) and higher nitrite/nitrate (P<0.001), whereas platelets from obese women had higher isoprostanes (P<0.001) and lower nitrite/nitrate (P=0.013). Nitrates 149-156 cytochrome b-245 beta chain Homo sapiens 78-82 23288160-8 2013 Ex vivo study showed that, compared with controls, platelets from carriers of NOX2 deficiency had lower isoprostanes (P<0.001) and higher nitrite/nitrate (P<0.001), whereas platelets from obese women had higher isoprostanes (P<0.001) and lower nitrite/nitrate (P=0.013). Nitrates 261-268 cytochrome b-245 beta chain Homo sapiens 78-82 24396568-4 2013 TNF-alpha increased the levels of superoxide, Nox (nitrate and nitrite), malondialdehyde, and nitrotyrosine production, accompanied by increased protein expression of p-PKC-beta2, gP91phox, and endothelial cell apoptosis, whereas all these changes were further enhanced by nitroglycerine. Nitrates 51-58 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 0-9 23262000-5 2013 With adjustment of hydraulic retention time (HRT), the highest of nitrate removal efficiency (74.2+-1.4%) and organics utilization efficiency (0.63 mg NO3--N mg(-1)TOC) were achieved at an optimum HRT of 18 h, with both low effluent NO3--N (0.88+-0.03 mg l(-1)) and TOC (2.86+-0.67 mg l(-1)). Nitrates 66-73 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 233-236 23279126-10 2013 A significant increase of nitrite/nitrate levels was observed in the first 5 min after inducing I/R and was significantly reduced by N(omega) -propyl-l-arginine and 1400 W, selective inhibitors of nNOS and iNOS, respectively. Nitrates 34-41 nitric oxide synthase, brain Cavia porcellus 197-201 23279126-10 2013 A significant increase of nitrite/nitrate levels was observed in the first 5 min after inducing I/R and was significantly reduced by N(omega) -propyl-l-arginine and 1400 W, selective inhibitors of nNOS and iNOS, respectively. Nitrates 34-41 nitric oxide synthase, inducible Cavia porcellus 206-210 23008504-8 2013 However, the level of nitrate and nitrite, substrates of cytochrome P450 reductase, were higher in SHR than WKY plasma and aortae. Nitrates 22-29 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Rattus norvegicus 57-82 22994391-1 2013 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent studies suggest a primary role for aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in mediating the biotransformation of organic nitrates, such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), to the proximal activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), resulting in increased cGMP accumulation and vasodilation. Nitrates 145-153 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 66-90 22994391-1 2013 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent studies suggest a primary role for aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in mediating the biotransformation of organic nitrates, such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), to the proximal activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), resulting in increased cGMP accumulation and vasodilation. Nitrates 145-153 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 92-97 22994391-2 2013 Our objective was to assess the role of ALDH2 in organic nitrate action using a cell culture model. Nitrates 57-64 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 40-45 23149826-8 2013 Interestingly, the co-administration of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) antagonist, GW9662 (1 mg/kg/day, i.p., 2 weeks) submaximally, significantly prevented rosuvastatin-induced improvement in vascular endothelial integrity, endothelium-dependent relaxation, and nitrite/nitrate concentration in rats administered nicotine. Nitrates 301-308 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 40-88 23149826-8 2013 Interestingly, the co-administration of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) antagonist, GW9662 (1 mg/kg/day, i.p., 2 weeks) submaximally, significantly prevented rosuvastatin-induced improvement in vascular endothelial integrity, endothelium-dependent relaxation, and nitrite/nitrate concentration in rats administered nicotine. Nitrates 301-308 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma Rattus norvegicus 90-99 23215531-2 2013 The detection of vapors from the low volatility explosive compound RDX was achieved through selective atmospheric pressure chemical ionization using nitrate reactant ions (NO(3)(-)) and NO(3)(-) HNO(3) adducts generated in an electrical discharge source. Nitrates 149-156 radixin Homo sapiens 67-70 23215531-6 2013 Recorded signals were observed for RDX concentrations below 25 ppq using selected ion monitoring (SIM) of the RDX-nitrate adduct at m/z 284. Nitrates 114-121 radixin Homo sapiens 35-38 23215531-6 2013 Recorded signals were observed for RDX concentrations below 25 ppq using selected ion monitoring (SIM) of the RDX-nitrate adduct at m/z 284. Nitrates 114-121 radixin Homo sapiens 110-113 23200251-4 2013 hCA VIII was poorly inhibited by halides, cyanate, nitrate and sulfate (K(I)s of 38.4-65.4 mM), whereas CA XI had a behavior intermediate between that of hCA VIII and X, both regarding the catalytic activity and sensitivity to anion inhibitors. Nitrates 51-58 carbonic anhydrase 8 Homo sapiens 0-8 24396568-0 2013 Nitroglycerine-induced nitrate tolerance compromises propofol protection of the endothelial cells against TNF-alpha: the role of PKC-beta2 and NADPH oxidase. Nitrates 23-30 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 106-115 23199690-4 2013 The pdr1 mutant has proved potentially useful in understanding the responses to nitrate (Ni), P and cytokinin. Nitrates 80-87 pleiotropic drug resistance 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-8 23111423-1 2013 A cooperative role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) to maintain the vascular function has recently been demonstrated in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 171-178 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 36-60 23111423-1 2013 A cooperative role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) to maintain the vascular function has recently been demonstrated in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 171-178 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 62-67 23111423-1 2013 A cooperative role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) to maintain the vascular function has recently been demonstrated in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 171-178 superoxide dismutase 2 Homo sapiens 73-95 23111423-1 2013 A cooperative role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) to maintain the vascular function has recently been demonstrated in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 171-178 superoxide dismutase 2 Homo sapiens 97-101 23004358-0 2013 The ammonium/nitrate ratio is an input signal in the temperature-modulated, SNC1-mediated and EDS1-dependent autoimmunity of nudt6-2 nudt7. Nitrates 13-20 TIR-NBS-LRR class disease resistance protein Arabidopsis thaliana 76-80 23004358-0 2013 The ammonium/nitrate ratio is an input signal in the temperature-modulated, SNC1-mediated and EDS1-dependent autoimmunity of nudt6-2 nudt7. Nitrates 13-20 alpha/beta-Hydrolases superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 94-98 23004358-0 2013 The ammonium/nitrate ratio is an input signal in the temperature-modulated, SNC1-mediated and EDS1-dependent autoimmunity of nudt6-2 nudt7. Nitrates 13-20 nudix hydrolase homolog 6 Arabidopsis thaliana 125-130 23230319-0 2012 Letter by Tsikas regarding article, "dietary nitrate ameliorates pulmonary hypertension: cytoprotective role for endothelial nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidoreductase". Nitrates 45-52 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 113-146 23004358-0 2013 The ammonium/nitrate ratio is an input signal in the temperature-modulated, SNC1-mediated and EDS1-dependent autoimmunity of nudt6-2 nudt7. Nitrates 13-20 MutT/nudix family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 133-138 23004358-7 2013 We found that a low ammonium/nitrate ratio in growth media leads to a higher level of nitrite-dependent nitric oxide (NO) production in nudt6-2 nudt7, and NO acts in a positive feedback loop with EDS1 to promote the autoimmunity. Nitrates 29-36 nudix hydrolase homolog 6 Arabidopsis thaliana 136-141 23004358-7 2013 We found that a low ammonium/nitrate ratio in growth media leads to a higher level of nitrite-dependent nitric oxide (NO) production in nudt6-2 nudt7, and NO acts in a positive feedback loop with EDS1 to promote the autoimmunity. Nitrates 29-36 MutT/nudix family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 144-149 23004358-7 2013 We found that a low ammonium/nitrate ratio in growth media leads to a higher level of nitrite-dependent nitric oxide (NO) production in nudt6-2 nudt7, and NO acts in a positive feedback loop with EDS1 to promote the autoimmunity. Nitrates 29-36 alpha/beta-Hydrolases superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 196-200 23004358-8 2013 The low ammonium/nitrate ratio also enhances autoimmunity in snc1-1 and cpr1, two other autoimmune mutants in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 17-24 TIR-NBS-LRR class disease resistance protein Arabidopsis thaliana 61-67 23004358-8 2013 The low ammonium/nitrate ratio also enhances autoimmunity in snc1-1 and cpr1, two other autoimmune mutants in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 17-24 F-box and associated interaction domains-containing protein Arabidopsis thaliana 72-76 23004358-9 2013 Our study indicates that Arabidopsis senses the ammonium/nitrate ratio as an input signal to determine the amplitude of the EDS1-mediated defense response, probably through the modulation of NO production. Nitrates 57-64 alpha/beta-Hydrolases superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 124-128 23469284-13 2013 Plasma nitrate/nitrite level was significantly reduced in AngII-infused mice (P<0.05). Nitrates 7-14 angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) Mus musculus 58-63 24084651-3 2013 We hypothesized that the competition between nitrate and ABA as substrates for AtNPF4.6 might be involved in the interactions between nitrate and ABA signaling. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate transporter 1:2 Arabidopsis thaliana 79-87 24084651-3 2013 We hypothesized that the competition between nitrate and ABA as substrates for AtNPF4.6 might be involved in the interactions between nitrate and ABA signaling. Nitrates 134-141 nitrate transporter 1:2 Arabidopsis thaliana 79-87 24084651-5 2013 In addition, the npf4.6 mutant was less sensitive to ABA than the wild type during germination irrespective of nitrate concentrations in the media. Nitrates 111-118 nitrate transporter 1:2 Arabidopsis thaliana 17-23 24084651-6 2013 Furthermore, nitrate promoted germination of both wild type and npf4.6 in the presence of ABA. Nitrates 13-20 nitrate transporter 1:2 Arabidopsis thaliana 64-70 23342065-6 2013 We further demonstrate that the exported POC:PON ratio varies regionally in relation to nitrate-based new production over geographical scales that range from the Arctic to the subtropics, being highest in the least productive oligotrophic Central Arctic Ocean and subtropical gyres. Nitrates 88-95 paraoxonase 1 Homo sapiens 45-48 23651488-2 2013 The aim of the present study was to analyze concentrations of nitrates and nitrites (NO2 + NO3) and L-arginine in patients with liver cirrhosis and HRS as a possible predictive marker for the development of HRS. Nitrates 62-70 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 91-94 22961095-6 2013 The iNOS inhibitors significantly inhibited the acrolein-increased nitrite/nitrate levels, but not IL-6 levels. Nitrates 75-82 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 4-8 23231781-8 2012 We also found consistent inverse associations of vWF with nitrate, chloride and sodium, and sP-selectin with manganese. Nitrates 58-65 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 49-52 23230319-0 2012 Letter by Tsikas regarding article, "dietary nitrate ameliorates pulmonary hypertension: cytoprotective role for endothelial nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidoreductase". Nitrates 45-52 thioredoxin reductase 1 Homo sapiens 160-175 22811030-8 2012 Plasma ET-1 increased significantly (P < 0.05) just after exercise in nitrate (4.0 +- 0.8 pg mL) and placebo (2.4 +- 0.4 pg mL) conditions. Nitrates 73-80 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 7-11 22796369-5 2012 KEY FINDINGS: In the presence of high concentrations of fibrinogen and ACh (10 muM) in the blood samples from healthy humans the erythrocyte nitrites, nitrates and GSNO concentrations increased without significant changes in NO efflux. Nitrates 151-159 fibrinogen beta chain Homo sapiens 56-66 23038808-5 2012 Here we determine the potential of marine prokaryotes from different sediments of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea to couple nitrate reduction to the oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons. Nitrates 133-140 S13 erythroblastosis (avian) oncogene homolog Homo sapiens 119-122 23062112-2 2012 Cefazolin (CFZ) and cephapirin (CFP) underwent mainly direct photolysis (t(1/2) = 0.7, 3.9 h), while cephalexin (CFX) and cephradine (CFD) were mainly transformed by indirect photolysis, which during the process a bicarbonate-enhanced nitrate system contributed most to the loss rate of CFX, CFD, and cefotaxime (CTX) (t(1/2) = 4.5, 5.3, and 1.3 h, respectively). Nitrates 235-242 complement factor properdin Homo sapiens 32-35 22988236-6 2012 Assuming that the structures of the triple mutant and wild-type ALDH2 reflect binding of GTN to the catalytic site and the first reaction step, respectively, superposition of the two structures indicates that denitration of GTN is initiated by nucleophilic attack of Cys-302 at one of the terminal nitrate groups, resulting in formation of the observed thionitrate intermediate and release of 1,2-glyceryl dinitrate. Nitrates 298-305 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 64-69 22982594-8 2012 PPARdelta activation increased the total nitrite and nitrate (NO2+NO3) content in cerebral microvessels (P<0.05, n=6). Nitrates 53-60 peroxisome proliferator activator receptor delta Mus musculus 0-9 22988236-7 2012 Our results shed light on the molecular mechanism of the GTN denitration reaction and provide useful information on the structural requirements for high affinity binding of organic nitrates to the catalytic site of ALDH2. Nitrates 181-189 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 215-220 22683098-6 2012 RESULTS: We found that serum tNOx (total nitrite/nitrate; mumol/L) was lower in obese T2DM group (12.7+-3.5) when compared with their controls (21.1+-2.4), although the non-obese group presented higher concentration of tNOx (33.8+-7.2). Nitrates 49-56 ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 2 Homo sapiens 29-33 22819707-3 2012 The daily administration of L-NAME (50mg/kg) for six weeks along with DADS analogs (20 mg/kg) significantly decreased the elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and also inhibited the decline in nitrite/nitrate (NO(x)) concentrations and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. Nitrates 259-266 angiotensin I converting enzyme Rattus norvegicus 212-215 22992322-9 2012 Dietary nitrate increased plasma S-nitrosothiols and nitrite, enhanced revascularization, increased mobilization of CD34(+)/Flk-1(+) and migration of bone marrow-derived CD31(+)/CD45(-) cells to the site of ischemia, and attenuated apoptosis of potentially regenerative myoblasts in chronically ischemic tissue. Nitrates 8-15 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 116-120 22992322-9 2012 Dietary nitrate increased plasma S-nitrosothiols and nitrite, enhanced revascularization, increased mobilization of CD34(+)/Flk-1(+) and migration of bone marrow-derived CD31(+)/CD45(-) cells to the site of ischemia, and attenuated apoptosis of potentially regenerative myoblasts in chronically ischemic tissue. Nitrates 8-15 kinase insert domain protein receptor Mus musculus 124-129 22992322-9 2012 Dietary nitrate increased plasma S-nitrosothiols and nitrite, enhanced revascularization, increased mobilization of CD34(+)/Flk-1(+) and migration of bone marrow-derived CD31(+)/CD45(-) cells to the site of ischemia, and attenuated apoptosis of potentially regenerative myoblasts in chronically ischemic tissue. Nitrates 8-15 platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Mus musculus 170-174 22992322-9 2012 Dietary nitrate increased plasma S-nitrosothiols and nitrite, enhanced revascularization, increased mobilization of CD34(+)/Flk-1(+) and migration of bone marrow-derived CD31(+)/CD45(-) cells to the site of ischemia, and attenuated apoptosis of potentially regenerative myoblasts in chronically ischemic tissue. Nitrates 8-15 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 178-182 22790675-0 2012 Metabolic regulation analysis of wild-type and arcA mutant Escherichia coli under nitrate conditions using different levels of omics data. Nitrates 82-89 arginine deiminase Escherichia coli 47-51 22935372-3 2012 Coulometric analysis with the tubular membrane ISE showed that nitrate could be detected in the range 10-100 muM with a precision of 2.3% relative standard deviation (RSD), limit of detection of 1.1 muM and relative accuracy of 4.4% compared to a certified reference material (CRM) Lake sample. Nitrates 63-70 latexin Homo sapiens 109-112 22935372-3 2012 Coulometric analysis with the tubular membrane ISE showed that nitrate could be detected in the range 10-100 muM with a precision of 2.3% relative standard deviation (RSD), limit of detection of 1.1 muM and relative accuracy of 4.4% compared to a certified reference material (CRM) Lake sample. Nitrates 63-70 latexin Homo sapiens 199-202 22858636-2 2012 Of the NRT1(PTR) members known to transport nitrate, most are low-affinity transporters. Nitrates 44-51 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 7-11 22858636-4 2012 Heterologous expression experiments showed that MtNIP/LATD encodes a nitrate transporter: expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes conferred upon the oocytes the ability to take up nitrate from the medium with high affinity, and expression of MtNIP/LATD in an Arabidopsis chl1(nrt1.1) mutant rescued the chlorate susceptibility phenotype. Nitrates 69-76 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 273-277 22795587-1 2012 Zero-valent iron (Fe(0))-based permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technology has been proved to be effective for soil and groundwater nitrate remediation under acidic or near neutral conditions. Nitrates 132-139 RB transcriptional corepressor 1 Homo sapiens 59-62 22795587-10 2012 The results implied that PRB based Fe(0) is a potential approach for in situ remediation of soil and groundwater nitrate contamination in the alkaline conditions. Nitrates 113-120 RB transcriptional corepressor 1 Homo sapiens 25-28 23031518-5 2012 In consistent with previous findings, catalase has been shown to play a major role in modulating the nitrosative stress by oxidizing nitrite to nitrate. Nitrates 144-151 catalase Bos taurus 38-46 22845863-8 2012 Finally, XPS analysis confirms that NO2 adsorbs on CaCO3 (1014) in the form of nitrate (NO3(-)) regardless of environmental conditions or the pretreatment of the calcite surface at different relative humidity. Nitrates 79-86 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 88-91 22810276-3 2012 Co(II) is hepta-coordinated by three N atoms from the bpy units, and four O atoms from two nitrate groups. Nitrates 91-98 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 0-6 22685171-1 2012 Nitrate reallocation to plant roots occurs frequently under adverse conditions and was recently characterized to be actively regulated by Nitrate Transporter1.8 (NRT1.8) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and implicated as a common response to stresses. Nitrates 0-7 NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.8 Arabidopsis thaliana 138-160 23240214-3 2012 Optimum nitrate reduction rate (1.03 +/- 0.087 x 10(-4) mol x min(-1) x greduc(-1)) was obtained with 5.0% nano-scale Fe/Ni, while only 25% nitrate (1.05 +/- 0.091 x 10(-5) mol x min(-1) x greduc(-1)) was transformed by nano-scale Fe(0) within the same reaction time, which means that these bimetallic nanoparticles are obviously more reactive than monometallic nano-scale Fe(0). Nitrates 8-15 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 62-68 23240214-3 2012 Optimum nitrate reduction rate (1.03 +/- 0.087 x 10(-4) mol x min(-1) x greduc(-1)) was obtained with 5.0% nano-scale Fe/Ni, while only 25% nitrate (1.05 +/- 0.091 x 10(-5) mol x min(-1) x greduc(-1)) was transformed by nano-scale Fe(0) within the same reaction time, which means that these bimetallic nanoparticles are obviously more reactive than monometallic nano-scale Fe(0). Nitrates 8-15 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 179-185 23240214-3 2012 Optimum nitrate reduction rate (1.03 +/- 0.087 x 10(-4) mol x min(-1) x greduc(-1)) was obtained with 5.0% nano-scale Fe/Ni, while only 25% nitrate (1.05 +/- 0.091 x 10(-5) mol x min(-1) x greduc(-1)) was transformed by nano-scale Fe(0) within the same reaction time, which means that these bimetallic nanoparticles are obviously more reactive than monometallic nano-scale Fe(0). Nitrates 140-147 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 62-68 24501070-1 2012 Nitrate (NO3 (-) ) export coupled with high inorganic nitrogen (N) concentrations in Alaskan streams suggests that N cycles of permafrost-influenced ecosystems are more open than expected for N-limited ecosystems. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 22778404-11 2012 Taken together, these data demonstrate that sialin mediates nitrate influx into salivary gland and other cell types. Nitrates 60-67 solute carrier family 17 member 5 Homo sapiens 44-50 22778404-12 2012 We suggest that the 2NO(3)(-)/H(+) transport function of sialin in salivary glands can contribute significantly to clearance of serum nitrate, as well as nitrate recycling and physiological nitrite-NO homeostasis. Nitrates 134-141 solute carrier family 17 member 5 Homo sapiens 57-63 22778404-12 2012 We suggest that the 2NO(3)(-)/H(+) transport function of sialin in salivary glands can contribute significantly to clearance of serum nitrate, as well as nitrate recycling and physiological nitrite-NO homeostasis. Nitrates 154-161 solute carrier family 17 member 5 Homo sapiens 57-63 22969780-3 2012 Currently, the association of vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25-OH D) and PTH to nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) - nitrate and nitrite - and oxidative stress in African-Americans is unknown. Nitrates 115-122 parathyroid hormone Homo sapiens 75-78 22715856-5 2012 The analysis was performed with the enzyme in its ligand-free and MgADP-complexed forms, as well as with the transition-state analogue abortive complex (MCK-Mg-ADP-creatine-nitrate ion). Nitrates 173-180 creatine kinase, M-type Homo sapiens 153-156 22530997-3 2012 This study utilized experimental vernal pool microcosms to simulate persistent pH alteration and a pulse input of nitrate (NO3 -), which are common perturbations to temperate vernal pool ecosystems. Nitrates 114-121 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 123-126 22833666-6 2012 In contrast, an increased supply of nitrate stimulated NR activity and NO production, and enhanced SM and decreased SG levels in both genotypes. Nitrates 36-43 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 55-57 22687611-6 2012 These changes in nitrate treated mice were accompanied by increased expression of the Ca(2+) handling proteins calsequestrin 1 and the dihydropyridine receptor. Nitrates 17-24 calsequestrin 1 Mus musculus 111-126 22685171-1 2012 Nitrate reallocation to plant roots occurs frequently under adverse conditions and was recently characterized to be actively regulated by Nitrate Transporter1.8 (NRT1.8) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and implicated as a common response to stresses. Nitrates 0-7 NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.8 Arabidopsis thaliana 162-168 22685171-5 2012 Further analyses showed that nitrate, as well as Na(+) and Cd(2+) levels, were significantly increased in nrt1.5 roots. Nitrates 29-36 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 106-110 22685171-8 2012 These data suggest that NRT1.5 is involved in nitrate allocation to roots and the consequent tolerance to several stresses, in a mechanism probably shared with NRT1.8. Nitrates 46-53 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 24-28 22572914-0 2012 Dietary nitrate ameliorates pulmonary hypertension: cytoprotective role for endothelial nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidoreductase. Nitrates 8-15 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 76-109 22497785-4 2012 The photodegradation was found to be dependent on nitrate concentration and increasing the nitrate from 0.5 mML(-1) to 10 mML(-1) led to the enhancement of rate constant from 0.00101 min(-1) to 0.00716 min(-1). Nitrates 50-57 MuLV-induced myeloid leukemia 1 Mus musculus 108-114 22497785-4 2012 The photodegradation was found to be dependent on nitrate concentration and increasing the nitrate from 0.5 mML(-1) to 10 mML(-1) led to the enhancement of rate constant from 0.00101 min(-1) to 0.00716 min(-1). Nitrates 50-57 MuLV-induced myeloid leukemia 1 Mus musculus 122-128 22497785-4 2012 The photodegradation was found to be dependent on nitrate concentration and increasing the nitrate from 0.5 mML(-1) to 10 mML(-1) led to the enhancement of rate constant from 0.00101 min(-1) to 0.00716 min(-1). Nitrates 91-98 MuLV-induced myeloid leukemia 1 Mus musculus 108-114 22497785-4 2012 The photodegradation was found to be dependent on nitrate concentration and increasing the nitrate from 0.5 mML(-1) to 10 mML(-1) led to the enhancement of rate constant from 0.00101 min(-1) to 0.00716 min(-1). Nitrates 91-98 MuLV-induced myeloid leukemia 1 Mus musculus 122-128 22344735-9 2012 Taken together, this study has shown for first time that peroxynitrites can nitrate and activate MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the placenta, a nitrative pathway possibly related to MMPs overactivity in the placentas from type 2 diabetic patients. Nitrates 76-83 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 107-112 22344735-9 2012 Taken together, this study has shown for first time that peroxynitrites can nitrate and activate MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the placenta, a nitrative pathway possibly related to MMPs overactivity in the placentas from type 2 diabetic patients. Nitrates 76-83 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 170-174 22588047-1 2012 Acute dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation has been reported to lower resting blood pressure, reduce the oxygen (O2) cost of sub-maximal exercise, and improve exercise tolerance. Nitrates 14-21 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 23-26 22572914-0 2012 Dietary nitrate ameliorates pulmonary hypertension: cytoprotective role for endothelial nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidoreductase. Nitrates 8-15 xanthine dehydrogenase Mus musculus 114-137 22572914-7 2012 The beneficial effects of dietary nitrate and nitrite were reduced in mice lacking endothelial NO synthase or treated with the xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor allopurinol. Nitrates 34-41 xanthine dehydrogenase Mus musculus 127-150 22732219-4 2012 The addition of nitrate or ammonium resulted in a decrease or an increase in the expression of the same gene families, respectively, in both wild-type and siz1-2 mutants. Nitrates 16-23 DNA-binding protein with MIZ/SP-RING zinc finger, PHD-finger and SAP domain-containing protein Arabidopsis thaliana 155-159 22523192-0 2012 Overexpressing the ANR1 MADS-box gene in transgenic plants provides new insights into its role in the nitrate regulation of root development. Nitrates 102-109 AGAMOUS-like 44 Arabidopsis thaliana 19-23 21932058-2 2012 The study was tested in a fecal peritonitis-induced septic shock model, we observed that levosimendan combined with arginine vasopressin supplemented with norepinephrine therapy resulted in lower mean pulmonary artery pressure, lactate concentrations, arterial total nitrate/nitrite, and high-mobility group box 1 levels; decreased lung wet/dry ratio, and pulmonary levels of interleukin-6, total histological scores, and improved pulmonary gas exchange when compared with norepinephrine group. Nitrates 267-274 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 125-136 22432443-0 2012 Nitrate transport capacity of the Arabidopsis thaliana NRT2 family members and their interactions with AtNAR2.1. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 55-59 22493305-0 2012 Transcriptional regulation of nitrate assimilation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs via transcriptional antitermination within the nirBD-PA1779-cobA operon. Nitrates 30-37 assimilatory nitrate reductase Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 137-143 22493305-1 2012 Bioinformatic approaches employed to analyse intergenic regions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa O1 (PAO1) for small RNAs (sRNAs) revealed a putative RNA gene encoded upstream of the nitrate assimilation operon nirBD-PA1779-cobA. Nitrates 176-183 assimilatory nitrate reductase Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 210-216 22571503-0 2012 Nitrate transport in cucumber leaves is an inducible process involving an increase in plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity and abundance. Nitrates 0-7 plasma membrane ATPase 4 Cucumis sativus 86-111 22571503-10 2012 Molecular analyses suggest the involvement of a specific isoform of PM H+-ATPase (CsHA1) and NRT2 transporter (CsNRT2) in root nitrate uptake. Nitrates 127-134 plasma membrane ATPase 4 Cucumis sativus 82-87 22571503-10 2012 Molecular analyses suggest the involvement of a specific isoform of PM H+-ATPase (CsHA1) and NRT2 transporter (CsNRT2) in root nitrate uptake. Nitrates 127-134 high affinity nitrate transporter 2.4-like Cucumis sativus 93-97 22571503-10 2012 Molecular analyses suggest the involvement of a specific isoform of PM H+-ATPase (CsHA1) and NRT2 transporter (CsNRT2) in root nitrate uptake. Nitrates 127-134 high affinity nitrate transporter 2.4-like Cucumis sativus 111-117 22571503-11 2012 At the leaf level, nitrate treatment modulated the expression of CsHA2, highlighting a main putative role of this isogene in the process. Nitrates 19-26 plasma membrane ATPase 4 Cucumis sativus 65-70 22406434-9 2012 Nitrate ingestion led to a rise in plasma nitrite together with an acute increase in CD34(+)/KDR(+) and CD133(+)/KDR(+)-CACs along with increased NOS-dependent vasodilation. Nitrates 0-7 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 85-89 22475571-7 2012 Nitrate and reactive oxygen species were greater in Salmonella-infected HD11 cells with the expression of iNOS and nuclear factor-kappaB by chicken macrophages infected with both systemic and broad host range serovars. Nitrates 0-7 nitric oxide synthase 2 Gallus gallus 106-110 22860400-4 2012 The per os administration of the NSE aqueous suspension in a dose of 50 mg/kg during 10 days to the rats with induced diabetes contributed to the normalization of catalase activity in the testis, which correlated with a decrease in the amount of TBA-reacting products and activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the blood plasma of animals; the use of NSE also contributed to the reduction of nitrite content in the gonads and to normalization of both nitrite and nitrate in the blood plasma of rats. Nitrates 473-480 enolase 2 Rattus norvegicus 33-36 22432443-1 2012 Interactions between the Arabidopsis NitRate Transporter (AtNRT2.1) and Nitrate Assimilation Related protein (AtNAR2.1, also known as AtNRT3.1) have been well documented, and confirmed by the demonstration that AtNRT2.1 and AtNAR2.1 form a 150-kDa plasma membrane complex, thought to constitute the high-affinity nitrate transporter of Arabidopsis thaliana roots. Nitrates 72-79 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 58-66 22432443-1 2012 Interactions between the Arabidopsis NitRate Transporter (AtNRT2.1) and Nitrate Assimilation Related protein (AtNAR2.1, also known as AtNRT3.1) have been well documented, and confirmed by the demonstration that AtNRT2.1 and AtNAR2.1 form a 150-kDa plasma membrane complex, thought to constitute the high-affinity nitrate transporter of Arabidopsis thaliana roots. Nitrates 72-79 nitrate transmembrane transporter Arabidopsis thaliana 134-142 22432443-1 2012 Interactions between the Arabidopsis NitRate Transporter (AtNRT2.1) and Nitrate Assimilation Related protein (AtNAR2.1, also known as AtNRT3.1) have been well documented, and confirmed by the demonstration that AtNRT2.1 and AtNAR2.1 form a 150-kDa plasma membrane complex, thought to constitute the high-affinity nitrate transporter of Arabidopsis thaliana roots. Nitrates 72-79 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 211-219 22432443-2 2012 Here, we have investigated interactions between the remaining AtNRT2 family members (AtNRT2.2 to AtNRT2.7) and AtNAR2.1, and their capacity for nitrate transport. Nitrates 144-151 nitrate transporter 2.2 Arabidopsis thaliana 85-93 22432443-2 2012 Here, we have investigated interactions between the remaining AtNRT2 family members (AtNRT2.2 to AtNRT2.7) and AtNAR2.1, and their capacity for nitrate transport. Nitrates 144-151 high affinity nitrate transporter 2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana 97-105 22799190-3 2012 This system is useful for simultaneous separation and determination of ammonium ion (NH4+), nitrite ion (NO2(-)), and nitrate ion (NO3(-)) in water samples. Nitrates 118-125 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 131-134 22329444-6 2012 Functional studies of the selected nitrate-responsive proteins indicate that the proteasome regulatory subunit RPT5a and the cytoskeleton protein Tubulin alpha-6 (TUA6) play important roles in plant nitrate responses by regulating plant N use efficiency (NUE) and low nitrate-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Nitrates 35-42 regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 5A Arabidopsis thaliana 111-116 22329444-6 2012 Functional studies of the selected nitrate-responsive proteins indicate that the proteasome regulatory subunit RPT5a and the cytoskeleton protein Tubulin alpha-6 (TUA6) play important roles in plant nitrate responses by regulating plant N use efficiency (NUE) and low nitrate-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Nitrates 35-42 Tubulin/FtsZ family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 146-161 22329444-6 2012 Functional studies of the selected nitrate-responsive proteins indicate that the proteasome regulatory subunit RPT5a and the cytoskeleton protein Tubulin alpha-6 (TUA6) play important roles in plant nitrate responses by regulating plant N use efficiency (NUE) and low nitrate-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Nitrates 35-42 Tubulin/FtsZ family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 163-167 22329444-6 2012 Functional studies of the selected nitrate-responsive proteins indicate that the proteasome regulatory subunit RPT5a and the cytoskeleton protein Tubulin alpha-6 (TUA6) play important roles in plant nitrate responses by regulating plant N use efficiency (NUE) and low nitrate-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Nitrates 199-206 regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 5A Arabidopsis thaliana 111-116 22329444-6 2012 Functional studies of the selected nitrate-responsive proteins indicate that the proteasome regulatory subunit RPT5a and the cytoskeleton protein Tubulin alpha-6 (TUA6) play important roles in plant nitrate responses by regulating plant N use efficiency (NUE) and low nitrate-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Nitrates 199-206 Tubulin/FtsZ family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 146-161 22329444-6 2012 Functional studies of the selected nitrate-responsive proteins indicate that the proteasome regulatory subunit RPT5a and the cytoskeleton protein Tubulin alpha-6 (TUA6) play important roles in plant nitrate responses by regulating plant N use efficiency (NUE) and low nitrate-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Nitrates 199-206 Tubulin/FtsZ family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 163-167 22329444-6 2012 Functional studies of the selected nitrate-responsive proteins indicate that the proteasome regulatory subunit RPT5a and the cytoskeleton protein Tubulin alpha-6 (TUA6) play important roles in plant nitrate responses by regulating plant N use efficiency (NUE) and low nitrate-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Nitrates 199-206 regulatory particle triple-A ATPase 5A Arabidopsis thaliana 111-116 22329444-6 2012 Functional studies of the selected nitrate-responsive proteins indicate that the proteasome regulatory subunit RPT5a and the cytoskeleton protein Tubulin alpha-6 (TUA6) play important roles in plant nitrate responses by regulating plant N use efficiency (NUE) and low nitrate-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Nitrates 199-206 Tubulin/FtsZ family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 146-161 22329444-6 2012 Functional studies of the selected nitrate-responsive proteins indicate that the proteasome regulatory subunit RPT5a and the cytoskeleton protein Tubulin alpha-6 (TUA6) play important roles in plant nitrate responses by regulating plant N use efficiency (NUE) and low nitrate-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, respectively. Nitrates 199-206 Tubulin/FtsZ family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 163-167 22809160-7 2012 Moreover, darkness induced significant elevation of the POX activity that was prevented by the addition of nitrate to the growth medium. Nitrates 107-114 peroxidase-like Triticum aestivum 56-59 22809160-8 2012 It is proposed that the changes in light conditions result in the competition between nitrate- and ROS-metabolizing activities of POX in leaves, and a possible interaction between NR and POX controls the levels of NO and ROS in the leaf tissue. Nitrates 86-93 peroxidase-like Triticum aestivum 130-133 21786156-1 2012 Nitrate reductase is a key enzyme in the overall process of nitrate assimilation by plants. Nitrates 60-67 nitrate reductase [NADH]-like Cucumis sativus 0-17 22192332-8 2012 RESULTS: High plasma levels of nitrite and nitrate (No2-/No3-) were observed in critically ill patients (mean level 78.92 mumol/l in sepsis and 97.20 mumol/l in septic shock). Nitrates 43-50 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 57-60 22248361-5 2012 Series 1 consistently inhibited the secretion of MMP-9 from TNFalpha/IL1beta stimulated Caco-2 cells at 10 muM, which could be attributed to NO related effects because the non-nitrate panel did not affect enzyme levels. Nitrates 176-183 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 49-54 22154340-7 2012 The fastest nitrate reduction by GR-F with Pt was achieved at pH 9 among 7.5 to 11. Nitrates 12-19 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 33-37 22219194-2 2012 In vitro studies reveal that MPO chlorinates and nitrates specific tyrosine residues of apoA-I, the major HDL protein. Nitrates 49-57 apolipoprotein A1 Homo sapiens 88-94 22263579-3 2012 In this study, we describe human and chicken sulfite oxidase variants in which the active site has been modified to alter substrate specificity and activity from sulfite oxidation to nitrate reduction. Nitrates 183-190 sulfite oxidase Gallus gallus 45-60 22263579-8 2012 The nitrate reducing ability of the human sulfite oxidase triple mutant was nearly 3-fold greater than that of the double mutant. Nitrates 4-11 sulfite oxidase Homo sapiens 42-57 22246635-2 2012 This study shows that dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) process, where nitrogen is not removed but instead recycled in the system, dominates nitrate reduction in low oxygen conditions (O(2) <110 muM), which have been persistent in the central Gulf of Finland during the past decade. Nitrates 36-43 latexin Homo sapiens 215-218 22246635-2 2012 This study shows that dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) process, where nitrogen is not removed but instead recycled in the system, dominates nitrate reduction in low oxygen conditions (O(2) <110 muM), which have been persistent in the central Gulf of Finland during the past decade. Nitrates 158-165 latexin Homo sapiens 215-218 22434701-3 2012 The products of nitrite (NO(2) (-) ) oxidation by salivary peroxidase (SPO) and commercial bovine lactoperoxidase (LPO) are studied by utilizing an electrochemical assay that allows the direct, continuous monitoring of NO and/or NO(2) and by HPLC to assess nitrates at the end of the reaction. Nitrates 257-265 lactoperoxidase Homo sapiens 50-69 22434701-4 2012 Dialyzed saliva and LPO, in the presence of H(2) O(2) , convert nitrite into nitrate and form some NO, with a molar ratio of 10(3) . Nitrates 77-84 lactoperoxidase Bos taurus 20-23 22434701-8 2012 We conclude that SPO and LPO transform NO(2) (-) into nitrate-forming small amounts of NO in the presence of H(2) O(2) as an intermediate or a by-product, synthesized through the peroxynitrite pathway. Nitrates 54-61 lactoperoxidase Bos taurus 25-28 22263579-0 2012 Structure-based alteration of substrate specificity and catalytic activity of sulfite oxidase from sulfite oxidation to nitrate reduction. Nitrates 120-127 sulfite oxidase Gallus gallus 78-93 22158677-0 2012 Regulation of high-affinity nitrate uptake in roots of Arabidopsis depends predominantly on posttranscriptional control of the NRT2.1/NAR2.1 transport system. Nitrates 28-35 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 127-133 22178413-5 2012 We show that leukocyte emigration in response to the proinflammatory chemokine MIP-2 is reduced by 70% after 7 days of dietary nitrate supplementation as well as by acute intravenous nitrite administration. Nitrates 127-134 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 Rattus norvegicus 79-84 22178413-8 2012 In rats and mice subjected to a challenge with diclofenac, dietary nitrate prevented the increase in myeloperoxidase and P-selectin levels in small-intestinal tissue. Nitrates 67-74 myeloperoxidase Mus musculus 101-116 22178413-8 2012 In rats and mice subjected to a challenge with diclofenac, dietary nitrate prevented the increase in myeloperoxidase and P-selectin levels in small-intestinal tissue. Nitrates 67-74 selectin, platelet Mus musculus 121-131 22178413-9 2012 Antiseptic mouthwash, which eliminates oral nitrate reduction, markedly blunted the protective effect of dietary nitrate on P-selectin levels. Nitrates 113-120 selectin P Rattus norvegicus 124-134 22178413-11 2012 We conclude that dietary nitrate markedly reduces leukocyte recruitment to inflammation in a process involving attenuation of P-selectin and ICAM-1 upregulation. Nitrates 25-32 selectin P Rattus norvegicus 126-136 22178413-11 2012 We conclude that dietary nitrate markedly reduces leukocyte recruitment to inflammation in a process involving attenuation of P-selectin and ICAM-1 upregulation. Nitrates 25-32 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Rattus norvegicus 141-147 27009655-4 2012 Urease and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities varied with nitrogen source in a manner consistent with regulation by cellular nitrogen status via NtcA (rather than by external availability of nitrogen) in all three strains and indicated that each strain experienced some degree of nitrogen insufficiency during growth on nitrate. Nitrates 322-329 glutamate-ammonia ligase Homo sapiens 33-35 22307851-6 2012 Accordingly, transcriptomic and enzymatic analyses revealed a higher expression of genes involved in nitrate assimilation when lst8-1 mutants were shifted to long days. Nitrates 101-108 TOR complex subunit LST8 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 127-131 22158677-1 2012 In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the NRT2.1 gene codes for the main component of the root nitrate (NO(3)(-)) high-affinity transport system (HATS). Nitrates 96-103 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 43-49 22158760-2 2012 Nitrate Trasnporter2 (NRT2) gene family members are sentinels of nitrate availability. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-26 22158760-2 2012 Nitrate Trasnporter2 (NRT2) gene family members are sentinels of nitrate availability. Nitrates 65-72 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-26 22124705-1 2012 The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between total nitrite/nitrate concentrations (NOx) and the kinetic parameters of monoamine oxidase enzymes (MAO-A and MAO-B) and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) in human mesenteric arteries. Nitrates 77-84 monoamine oxidase A Homo sapiens 163-168 21904872-1 2012 Members of the peptide transporter/nitrate transporter 1 (PTR/NRT1) family in plants transport a variety of substrates like nitrate, di- and tripepetides, auxin and carboxylates. Nitrates 35-42 nicotinamide riboside transporter Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 62-66 22293356-0 2012 Involvement of interleukin-1 in lead nitrate-induced hypercholesterolemia in mice. Nitrates 37-44 interleukin 1 complex Mus musculus 15-28 22124705-1 2012 The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between total nitrite/nitrate concentrations (NOx) and the kinetic parameters of monoamine oxidase enzymes (MAO-A and MAO-B) and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) in human mesenteric arteries. Nitrates 77-84 amine oxidase copper containing 2 Homo sapiens 223-227 22942686-1 2012 Glutamine synthetase (GS) is the key enzyme involved in the assimilation of ammonia derived either from nitrate reduction, N(2) fixation, photorespiration or asparagine breakdown. Nitrates 104-111 glutamate-ammonia ligase Homo sapiens 0-20 22506100-0 2012 Heme oxygenase-1 induction and organic nitrate therapy: beneficial effects on endothelial dysfunction, nitrate tolerance, and vascular oxidative stress. Nitrates 103-110 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 0-16 22506100-4 2012 We therefore speculated that induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) could be an efficient strategy to overcome nitrate tolerance and the associated side effects. Nitrates 109-116 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 42-58 22506100-4 2012 We therefore speculated that induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) could be an efficient strategy to overcome nitrate tolerance and the associated side effects. Nitrates 109-116 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 60-64 22506100-6 2012 Vice versa, pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN), a nitrate that was previously reported to be devoid of adverse side effects, displayed tolerance and oxidative stress when the HO-1 pathway was blocked pharmacologically or genetically by using HO-1(+/-) mice. Nitrates 33-40 heme oxygenase 1 Mus musculus 176-180 22506100-6 2012 Vice versa, pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN), a nitrate that was previously reported to be devoid of adverse side effects, displayed tolerance and oxidative stress when the HO-1 pathway was blocked pharmacologically or genetically by using HO-1(+/-) mice. Nitrates 33-40 heme oxygenase 1 Mus musculus 243-247 22506100-8 2012 With the present paper, we present and discuss our recent and previous findings on the role of HO-1 for the prevention of nitroglycerin-induced nitrate tolerance and for the beneficial effects of PETN therapy. Nitrates 144-151 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 95-99 22055212-6 2012 We suggest that high light-induced changes in plasma membrane H(+)ATPase activity and transcription might have an adaptive role in sustaining the higher request for the nitrate resulting from increased photosynthate availability. Nitrates 169-176 membrane H(+)-ATPase 1 Zea mays 46-72 22170613-8 2012 The estimated LODs for nitrite and nitrate in ninefold diluted plasma sample were 0.05 and 0.07 muM, respectively. Nitrates 35-42 latexin Homo sapiens 96-99 22170613-9 2012 The LODs for nitrite and nitrate in original plasma samples were 0.45 and 0.63 muM. Nitrates 25-32 latexin Homo sapiens 79-82 22880003-1 2012 The high affinity nitrate transport system in Arabidopsis thaliana involves one gene and potentially seven genes from the NRT1 and NRT2 family, respectively. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 122-126 22227893-6 2012 In N-starved nrt2.4 mutants, nitrate uptake under low external supply and nitrate content in shoot phloem exudates was decreased. Nitrates 29-36 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-17 22227893-6 2012 In N-starved nrt2.4 mutants, nitrate uptake under low external supply and nitrate content in shoot phloem exudates was decreased. Nitrates 74-81 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-17 22227893-7 2012 In the absence of NRT2.1 and NRT2.2, loss of function of NRT2.4 (triple mutants) has an impact on biomass production under low nitrate supply. Nitrates 127-134 nitrate transporter 2.4 Arabidopsis thaliana 57-63 22880003-1 2012 The high affinity nitrate transport system in Arabidopsis thaliana involves one gene and potentially seven genes from the NRT1 and NRT2 family, respectively. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 131-135 22880003-2 2012 Among them, NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.4 and NRT2.7 proteins have been shown to transport nitrate and are localized on the plasmalemma or the tonoplast membranes. Nitrates 84-91 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 12-18 22880003-2 2012 Among them, NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.4 and NRT2.7 proteins have been shown to transport nitrate and are localized on the plasmalemma or the tonoplast membranes. Nitrates 84-91 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 12-16 22880003-2 2012 Among them, NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.4 and NRT2.7 proteins have been shown to transport nitrate and are localized on the plasmalemma or the tonoplast membranes. Nitrates 84-91 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-24 22880003-2 2012 Among them, NRT2.1, NRT2.2, NRT2.4 and NRT2.7 proteins have been shown to transport nitrate and are localized on the plasmalemma or the tonoplast membranes. Nitrates 84-91 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-24 22880003-3 2012 NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 play a role in nitrate uptake from soil solution by root cells while NRT2.7 is responsible for nitrate loading in the seed vacuole. Nitrates 41-48 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 22880003-3 2012 NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 play a role in nitrate uptake from soil solution by root cells while NRT2.7 is responsible for nitrate loading in the seed vacuole. Nitrates 41-48 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 22880003-3 2012 NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 play a role in nitrate uptake from soil solution by root cells while NRT2.7 is responsible for nitrate loading in the seed vacuole. Nitrates 41-48 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 8-12 22880003-3 2012 NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 play a role in nitrate uptake from soil solution by root cells while NRT2.7 is responsible for nitrate loading in the seed vacuole. Nitrates 41-48 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 8-12 22880003-3 2012 NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 play a role in nitrate uptake from soil solution by root cells while NRT2.7 is responsible for nitrate loading in the seed vacuole. Nitrates 121-128 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 22880003-3 2012 NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 play a role in nitrate uptake from soil solution by root cells while NRT2.7 is responsible for nitrate loading in the seed vacuole. Nitrates 121-128 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 21818694-0 2011 Differential metabolism of organic nitrates by aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 and 2: substrate selectivity, enzyme inactivation, and active cysteine sites. Nitrates 35-43 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 47-79 22808220-9 2012 We propose a mechanism in which leptin activates NOS III and induces NO that nitrates PEPCK-C to reduce its level and glyceroneogenesis, therefore limiting FA re-esterification in WAT. Nitrates 77-85 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 86-93 22829864-0 2012 Role of endothelial AADC in cardiac synthesis of serotonin and nitrates accumulation. Nitrates 63-71 dopa decarboxylase Mus musculus 20-24 22363694-4 2012 In marked contrast, the expressions of both mRNA and protein levels of inducible nitrate oxide synthase (iNOS) increased, and were accompanied by increased extracellular nitrate/nitrite production by Griess reaction. Nitrates 81-88 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 105-109 22678215-4 2012 The presence of 0.01 mmol L(-1) phosphate, 0.2 mmol L(-1) silicate, and 1 mmol L(-1) nitrate greatly reduced the efficiency of SAR, illustrating the vulnerability of this technology in diverse geochemical settings. Nitrates 85-92 sarcosine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 127-130 22439573-1 2011 The feasibility of hybrid systems for simultaneous removal of nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium ions (NH4+) from livestock wastewater was examined in batch experiments. Nitrates 62-69 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 71-74 21251210-9 2011 Three mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes were altered by DOX, i.e. up-regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase and peroxiredoxin 3 (Prx3), and down-regulation of Prx5, which were reversed by nitrate. Nitrates 194-201 peroxiredoxin 3 Mus musculus 118-133 21986532-5 2011 eNOS activity was determined by nitrite/nitrate accumulation, either via a fluorometric assay or by(15)N-nitrite or estimated (15)N(3)-citrulline concentrations when (15)N(4)-ARG was used to challenge the cells. Nitrates 40-47 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 0-4 22320098-1 2011 A reusable catalytic reductor consisting of 96 copperized-cadmium pins attached to a microplate lid was developed to simultaneously reduce nitrate (NO3-) to nitrite (NO2-) in all wells of a standard microplate. Nitrates 139-146 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 148-151 21251210-9 2011 Three mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes were altered by DOX, i.e. up-regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase and peroxiredoxin 3 (Prx3), and down-regulation of Prx5, which were reversed by nitrate. Nitrates 194-201 peroxiredoxin 3 Mus musculus 135-139 21765367-1 2011 PURPOSE: Hemodynamic nitrate tolerance has been shown to result in an insulin-resistant state. Nitrates 21-28 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 70-77 22187853-3 2011 A directly proportionate relationship was seen between methemoglobin level in the blood and nitrate ingestion. Nitrates 92-99 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 55-68 21765367-3 2011 METHODS: Changes in insulin sensitivity in response to feeding in conscious rabbits were determined by rapid insulin sensitivity test, in both nitrate-tolerant and nitrate-intolerant animals. Nitrates 143-150 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 20-27 21765367-3 2011 METHODS: Changes in insulin sensitivity in response to feeding in conscious rabbits were determined by rapid insulin sensitivity test, in both nitrate-tolerant and nitrate-intolerant animals. Nitrates 164-171 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 20-27 21765367-8 2011 CONCLUSIONS: Nitrate tolerance blocks both the meal-induced insulin sensitization phenomenon and the insulin-sensitizing effect of intraportal CCK. Nitrates 13-20 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 60-67 21765367-8 2011 CONCLUSIONS: Nitrate tolerance blocks both the meal-induced insulin sensitization phenomenon and the insulin-sensitizing effect of intraportal CCK. Nitrates 13-20 cholecystokinin Oryctolagus cuniculus 143-146 21949212-0 2011 Dissecting the role of CHITINASE-LIKE1 in nitrate-dependent changes in root architecture. Nitrates 42-49 Chitinase family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 23-38 21862482-3 2011 Due to its localization exactly at the peak of this QTL, the putative NRT1-NO(3)(-) transporter (Medtr5g093170.1), closely related to Arabidopsis AtNRT1.3, a putative low-affinity nitrate transporter, appeared to be a significant candidate involved in the control of primary root growth and NO(3)(-) sensing. Nitrates 180-187 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-74 21914816-6 2011 In ineffective nodules and in nodules fed with nitrate, two conditions in which nitrogen fixation is impaired and GS activity is reduced, a significant increase in nodule GS nitration levels was observed. Nitrates 47-54 LOC11405318 Medicago truncatula 114-116 21949212-1 2011 The root phenotype of an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant of CHITINASE-LIKE1 (CTL1), called arm (for anion-related root morphology), was previously shown to be conditional on growth on high nitrate, chloride, or sucrose. Nitrates 199-206 Chitinase family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 70-85 21949212-1 2011 The root phenotype of an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant of CHITINASE-LIKE1 (CTL1), called arm (for anion-related root morphology), was previously shown to be conditional on growth on high nitrate, chloride, or sucrose. Nitrates 199-206 Chitinase family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 87-91 21949212-10 2011 Interestingly, eto2 and eto3 ethylene overproduction mutants mimicked some of the conditional root characteristics of the arm mutant on high nitrate. Nitrates 141-148 ACC synthase 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 15-19 21949212-10 2011 Interestingly, eto2 and eto3 ethylene overproduction mutants mimicked some of the conditional root characteristics of the arm mutant on high nitrate. Nitrates 141-148 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 9 Arabidopsis thaliana 24-28 21907028-4 2011 The nitrate system featured a limit of detection of 0.04 mg N L(-1), 0.4%RSD (1 mg N L(-1) as nitrate, n=10), a coefficient of determination (R(2)) of 0.9995 over the calibration range 0.0-2.0 mg N L(-1), and a data acquisition time of 1.5s per spectrum. Nitrates 4-11 nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 Homo sapiens 103-107 21407132-8 2011 Nitrate supplementation significantly reduced VO(2peak)(nitrate = 4.64 +- 0.35 L min(-1), placebo = 4.82 +- 0.33 L min(-1), P = 0.010) and the ratio between VO(2) and power at maximal intensity (nitrate = 11.2 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), placebo = 11.8 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), P = 0.031). Nitrates 0-7 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 81-87 22073628-2 2011 Nitrate (NO3-) is the form of reactive N that is most susceptible to leaching and runoff; thus, a more thorough understanding of nitrification and NO3(-) availability is needed if we are to accurately predict the consequences of residential expansion for water quality. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 22073628-2 2011 Nitrate (NO3-) is the form of reactive N that is most susceptible to leaching and runoff; thus, a more thorough understanding of nitrification and NO3(-) availability is needed if we are to accurately predict the consequences of residential expansion for water quality. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 147-150 21915898-6 2011 The deshieldings on H-3a, H-5a and the ortho protons of the phenyl groups are less in the nitrate and picrate than in the corresponding hydrochloride. Nitrates 90-97 H3 clustered histone 1 Homo sapiens 20-24 21915898-8 2011 These observations suggest that the nitrates and pictrate exist as ion pairs in DMSO-d(6) and the nitrate and picrate ions shield, H-3a, H-5a and the ortho protons by magnetic anistropic effect. Nitrates 36-44 H3 clustered histone 1 Homo sapiens 131-135 21844097-2 2011 Pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN) is an organic nitrate with potent antioxidant properties via induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Nitrates 21-28 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 110-126 21844097-2 2011 Pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN) is an organic nitrate with potent antioxidant properties via induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Nitrates 21-28 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 128-132 21915898-8 2011 These observations suggest that the nitrates and pictrate exist as ion pairs in DMSO-d(6) and the nitrate and picrate ions shield, H-3a, H-5a and the ortho protons by magnetic anistropic effect. Nitrates 36-43 H3 clustered histone 1 Homo sapiens 131-135 21407132-8 2011 Nitrate supplementation significantly reduced VO(2peak)(nitrate = 4.64 +- 0.35 L min(-1), placebo = 4.82 +- 0.33 L min(-1), P = 0.010) and the ratio between VO(2) and power at maximal intensity (nitrate = 11.2 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), placebo = 11.8 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), P = 0.031). Nitrates 0-7 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 115-121 21407132-8 2011 Nitrate supplementation significantly reduced VO(2peak)(nitrate = 4.64 +- 0.35 L min(-1), placebo = 4.82 +- 0.33 L min(-1), P = 0.010) and the ratio between VO(2) and power at maximal intensity (nitrate = 11.2 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), placebo = 11.8 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), P = 0.031). Nitrates 0-7 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 115-121 21407132-8 2011 Nitrate supplementation significantly reduced VO(2peak)(nitrate = 4.64 +- 0.35 L min(-1), placebo = 4.82 +- 0.33 L min(-1), P = 0.010) and the ratio between VO(2) and power at maximal intensity (nitrate = 11.2 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), placebo = 11.8 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), P = 0.031). Nitrates 0-7 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 115-121 21407132-8 2011 Nitrate supplementation significantly reduced VO(2peak)(nitrate = 4.64 +- 0.35 L min(-1), placebo = 4.82 +- 0.33 L min(-1), P = 0.010) and the ratio between VO(2) and power at maximal intensity (nitrate = 11.2 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), placebo = 11.8 +- 1.1 mL min(-1) W(-1), P = 0.031). Nitrates 56-63 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 81-87 21984695-4 2011 Separable fragments of RIN4, including those produced when the T3E AvrRpt2 cleaves RIN4 and each containing a plant-specific nitrate-induced (NOI) domain, suppress PTI. Nitrates 125-132 RPM1 interacting protein 4 Arabidopsis thaliana 23-27 21762167-7 2011 Our findings, in addition to strengthening already known mechanisms, revealed the existence of a new complex signaling framework in which brassinosteroids (BRI1), the module MKK2-MAPK6 and the fine regulation of nitric oxide homeostasis via the co-expression of synthetic (nitrate reductase) and scavenging (hemoglobin) components may play key functions in maize responses to nitrate. Nitrates 273-280 non-symbiotic hemoglobin Zea mays 308-318 21327803-11 2011 RDX biodegradation activity by the T7 isolate was inhibited in the presence of nitrate or ammonium concentrations above 1.6 and 5.5 mM, respectively (100 mg l(-1)) while the T9N isolate"s activity was retarded only by ammonium concentrations above 5.5 mM. Nitrates 79-86 radixin Homo sapiens 0-3 21327803-13 2011 RDX-degrading activity by the Rhodococcus species isolate T9N may have important implications for the bioremediation of nitrate-rich RDX-contaminated aquifers. Nitrates 120-127 radixin Homo sapiens 0-3 21327803-13 2011 RDX-degrading activity by the Rhodococcus species isolate T9N may have important implications for the bioremediation of nitrate-rich RDX-contaminated aquifers. Nitrates 120-127 radixin Homo sapiens 133-136 21642046-7 2011 RESULTS: Percent Latino was associated with a 0.04-mg nitrate-ion (NO3)/L increase in a CWS"s estimated NO3 concentration [95% confidence interval (CI), -0.08 to 0.16], and rate of home ownership was associated with a 0.16-mg NO3/L decrease (95% CI, -0.32 to 0.002). Nitrates 54-61 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 67-70 21506955-1 2011 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent studies have suggested an essential role for aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in the bioactivation of organic nitrates such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). Nitrates 141-149 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 Rattus norvegicus 76-100 21506955-1 2011 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent studies have suggested an essential role for aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in the bioactivation of organic nitrates such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). Nitrates 141-149 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 Rattus norvegicus 102-107 21642046-7 2011 RESULTS: Percent Latino was associated with a 0.04-mg nitrate-ion (NO3)/L increase in a CWS"s estimated NO3 concentration [95% confidence interval (CI), -0.08 to 0.16], and rate of home ownership was associated with a 0.16-mg NO3/L decrease (95% CI, -0.32 to 0.002). Nitrates 54-61 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 104-107 21642046-7 2011 RESULTS: Percent Latino was associated with a 0.04-mg nitrate-ion (NO3)/L increase in a CWS"s estimated NO3 concentration [95% confidence interval (CI), -0.08 to 0.16], and rate of home ownership was associated with a 0.16-mg NO3/L decrease (95% CI, -0.32 to 0.002). Nitrates 54-61 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 104-107 21777567-2 2011 The genes for nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NIR), which are enzymes in the nitrate assimilation pathway, are typical nitrate-inducible genes. Nitrates 14-21 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 60-63 21728895-15 2011 Scenario analyses with a higher consumption of vegetables or a higher nitrate concentration in tap water showed a significant higher intake of nitrate. Nitrates 70-77 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 95-98 21728895-15 2011 Scenario analyses with a higher consumption of vegetables or a higher nitrate concentration in tap water showed a significant higher intake of nitrate. Nitrates 143-150 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 95-98 21543107-1 2011 INTRODUCTION: Despite experimental evidences of the influence of the aging suppressor gene Klotho, on the modulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production, the contribution of its variants to the phenotypic variance of plasma nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)) has not been addressed to date. Nitrates 286-293 klotho Homo sapiens 91-97 21777567-2 2011 The genes for nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NIR), which are enzymes in the nitrate assimilation pathway, are typical nitrate-inducible genes. Nitrates 91-98 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 60-63 21777567-3 2011 We previously identified the first authentic nitrate-responsive cis-element (NRE) for nitrate-inducible transcription by the analysis of the NIR gene promoter from Arabidopsis. Nitrates 45-52 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 141-144 21777567-3 2011 We previously identified the first authentic nitrate-responsive cis-element (NRE) for nitrate-inducible transcription by the analysis of the NIR gene promoter from Arabidopsis. Nitrates 86-93 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 141-144 21777567-6 2011 Second, we show that NRE-like sequences are present in various dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous NIR gene promoters at similar positions and that they also drive nitrate-inducible expression in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 164-171 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 99-102 22097361-4 2011 Ammonium nitrogen deposition had larger effects on soil NH4+ -N content, nitrate nitrogen deposition had larger effects on soil NO3- -N content, while mixed ammonium and nitrate nitrogen deposition increased the contents of both soil NH4+ -N and soil NO3- -N, and the increments were higher than those of ammonium nitrogen deposition and nitrate nitrogen deposition, suggesting the additive effects of the mixed ammonium and nitrate nitrogen deposition on the forest soil available N. Nitrates 73-80 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 128-131 21486304-3 2011 A two-component system for nitrate transport including NRT2s with a partner protein (NAR2 or NRT3.1) has been identified in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 27-34 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 55-59 21486304-3 2011 A two-component system for nitrate transport including NRT2s with a partner protein (NAR2 or NRT3.1) has been identified in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 27-34 nitrate transmembrane transporter Arabidopsis thaliana 93-99 21652715-1 2011 Ynt1, the single high affinity nitrate and nitrite transporter of the yeast Hansenula polymorpha, is regulated by the quality of nitrogen sources. Nitrates 31-38 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 0-4 21652715-6 2011 As a result, in this strain Ynt1 is sorted to the vacuole, from both plasma membrane and the later biosynthetic pathway in nitrogen-free conditions and nitrate. Nitrates 152-159 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 28-32 21554376-9 2011 Levels of nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)), as an index of nitric oxide, bioavailability were significantly decreased in the iNOS(-/-) diabetic mouse heart. Nitrates 22-29 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 120-124 21708390-4 2011 Phosphate levels were abnormally high varying between 4.35 and 130.82 muM, whereas nitrate and nitrite ranged from 0.06 to 54.05 muM and from 0.28 to 19.23 muM, respectively. Nitrates 83-90 latexin Homo sapiens 129-132 21708390-4 2011 Phosphate levels were abnormally high varying between 4.35 and 130.82 muM, whereas nitrate and nitrite ranged from 0.06 to 54.05 muM and from 0.28 to 19.23 muM, respectively. Nitrates 83-90 latexin Homo sapiens 129-132 22097361-4 2011 Ammonium nitrogen deposition had larger effects on soil NH4+ -N content, nitrate nitrogen deposition had larger effects on soil NO3- -N content, while mixed ammonium and nitrate nitrogen deposition increased the contents of both soil NH4+ -N and soil NO3- -N, and the increments were higher than those of ammonium nitrogen deposition and nitrate nitrogen deposition, suggesting the additive effects of the mixed ammonium and nitrate nitrogen deposition on the forest soil available N. Nitrates 170-177 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 251-254 21772271-5 2011 Decreased nitrate reductase activity in siz1-2 plants resulted in low nitrogen concentrations, low nitric oxide production and high nitrate content in comparison with wild-type plants. Nitrates 10-17 DNA-binding protein with MIZ/SP-RING zinc finger, PHD-finger and SAP domain-containing protein Arabidopsis thaliana 40-44 21696799-1 2011 Denitrifying woodchip bioreactors (denitrification beds) are increasingly used to remove excess nitrate (NO3-) from point-sources such as wastewater effluent or subsurface drains from agricultural fields. Nitrates 96-103 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 105-108 21762512-10 2011 Addition of TN-C induced IL-6, PGE2, and nitrate release and upregulated ADAMTS4 mRNA in cultured primary human and bovine chondrocytes. Nitrates 41-48 tenascin C Homo sapiens 12-16 21228891-9 2011 Our results suggest that the AOA, not the AOB, were contributing to nitrate leaching at the site by providing substrate for the nitrite oxidizers. Nitrates 68-75 aprataxin Homo sapiens 29-32 21424691-5 2011 Genetic and biochemical analyses identified the essential nitrate/nitrite assimilation functions of the encoded proteins, orderly, the assimilatory nitrate reductase catalytic subunit (NasA), nitrate reductase electron transfer subunit (NasC), nitrate/nitrite transporter (NasK), assimilatory nitrite reductase large subunit (NasB) and small subunit (NasD), bifunctional uroporphyrinogen-III synthase (NasE), and an unknown function protein (NasF). Nitrates 58-65 uroporphyrinogen-III synthase Amycolatopsis mediterranei U32 371-400 21446951-1 2011 The large sulfur bacteria, Beggiatoa spp., live on the oxidation of sulfide with oxygen or nitrate, but avoid high concentrations of both sulfide and oxygen. Nitrates 91-98 histocompatibility minor 13 Homo sapiens 37-40 21334141-7 2011 BBS-2 significantly reduced the increases in lung lymph nitrite/nitrate (10 +- 3 muM vs. 26 +- 6 muM in controls, p < 0.05) and 3-nitrotyrosine (109 +- 11 (densitometry value) vs. 151 +- 18 in controls, p < 0.05). Nitrates 64-71 Bardet-Biedl syndrome 2 protein Ovis aries 0-5 21754669-1 2011 In the title compound, [Co(NO(3))(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))(2)](n), the Co(II) ion is located on an inversion center and is six-coordinated in an octa-hedral environment defined by four N atoms of the pyridine rings and two O atoms of the nitrate anions. Nitrates 236-243 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 69-75 21586729-4 2011 SLAH3 (SLAC1 homolog 3) was also present in guard cells, and coexpression of SLAH3 with the calcium ion (Ca2+)-dependent kinase CPK21 in Xenopus oocytes mediated nitrate-induced anion currents. Nitrates 162-169 C4-dicarboxylate transporter/malic acid transport protein Arabidopsis thaliana 7-12 21657847-1 2011 AIMS: Elevation of the leukocyte enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is controversial and its relationship with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels in CAD patients has not been evaluated. Nitrates 199-206 myeloperoxidase Homo sapiens 40-55 21657847-1 2011 AIMS: Elevation of the leukocyte enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is controversial and its relationship with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels in CAD patients has not been evaluated. Nitrates 199-206 myeloperoxidase Homo sapiens 57-60 21593598-2 2011 In a recent work, we have revealed MPK6 could phosphorylate Arabidopsis NIA2 at the serine 627 in hinge 2 region, this phosporylation may represent a rapid activation mechnism when plant need excessive nitrate reduction. Nitrates 202-209 MAP kinase 6 Arabidopsis thaliana 35-39 21593598-2 2011 In a recent work, we have revealed MPK6 could phosphorylate Arabidopsis NIA2 at the serine 627 in hinge 2 region, this phosporylation may represent a rapid activation mechnism when plant need excessive nitrate reduction. Nitrates 202-209 nitrate reductase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 72-76 21421215-8 2011 Coexisting anions such as sulfate, nitrate, chloride, carbonate, and humic acid could decrease the sensitivity of the SERS analysis. Nitrates 35-42 seryl-tRNA synthetase 1 Homo sapiens 118-122 20518849-7 2011 Intact MLC1 levels, measured by 2D gel electrophoresis and immunoblot, were shown to decrease with increasing duration of ischemia, which correlated with increasing levels of nitrotyrosine and nitrite/nitrate. Nitrates 201-208 myosin light chain 1 Homo sapiens 7-11 21754318-1 2011 In the title compound, [Co(NO(3))(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))], the Co(II) ion is six-coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral environment defined by two O and two N atoms from the ligand and by two O atoms from two nitrate anions. Nitrates 209-216 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 63-69 20559710-8 2011 High nitrate levels may have already affected public health based on limited sampling for methemoglobin. Nitrates 5-12 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 90-103 21480587-4 2011 delta15N(NO3) and delta18O(NO3) of catchment surface water and groundwater samples revealed a dominant influence from microbially cycled and nitrified source-nitrogen, which results in high nitrate concentrations in Chalk groundwater and upstream in the River Wensum. Nitrates 190-197 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 27-30 21571952-0 2011 Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT1.9 is important in phloem nitrate transport. Nitrates 12-19 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 32-36 21571952-4 2011 In nrt1.9 mutants, nitrate content in root phloem exudates was decreased, and downward nitrate transport was reduced, suggesting that NRT1.9 may facilitate loading of nitrate into the root phloem and enhance downward nitrate transport in roots. Nitrates 87-94 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 134-138 21052766-0 2011 Evidence for a nitrate-independent function of the nitrate sensor NRT1.1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 15-22 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-72 21052766-0 2011 Evidence for a nitrate-independent function of the nitrate sensor NRT1.1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 51-58 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-72 21052766-1 2011 NRT1.1 is a putative nitrate sensor and is involved in many nitrate-dependent responses. Nitrates 21-28 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 21052766-1 2011 NRT1.1 is a putative nitrate sensor and is involved in many nitrate-dependent responses. Nitrates 60-67 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 21052766-2 2011 On the other hand, a nitrate-independent function of NRT1.1 has been implied, but the clear-cut evidence is unknown. Nitrates 21-28 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 53-59 21052766-4 2011 This unique phenotype was not observed in mutants of NLP7, which has been suggested to play a role in the nitrate-dependent signaling pathway. Nitrates 106-113 NIN like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 53-57 21052766-5 2011 Our real-time PCR analysis, and evidence from a literature survey revealed that several genes relevant to the aliphatic glucosinolate-biosynthetic pathway were regulated via a nitrate-independent signal from NRT1.1. Nitrates 176-183 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 208-214 21052766-6 2011 When taken together, the present study strongly suggests the existence of a nitrate-independent function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 76-83 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 108-114 21448006-1 2011 NRT1.1 is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter and a nitrate sensor that plays a role in nitrate-dependent signaling pathway. Nitrates 26-33 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 0-4 21448006-1 2011 NRT1.1 is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter and a nitrate sensor that plays a role in nitrate-dependent signaling pathway. Nitrates 52-59 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 0-4 21448006-2 2011 Recently, it has been revealed that NRT1.1 mutants show enhanced tolerance to ammonium and/or low pH conditions in the absence of nitrate, which indicates a nitrate-independent function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 130-137 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 36-40 21448006-2 2011 Recently, it has been revealed that NRT1.1 mutants show enhanced tolerance to ammonium and/or low pH conditions in the absence of nitrate, which indicates a nitrate-independent function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 157-164 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 36-40 21448006-2 2011 Recently, it has been revealed that NRT1.1 mutants show enhanced tolerance to ammonium and/or low pH conditions in the absence of nitrate, which indicates a nitrate-independent function of NRT1.1. Nitrates 157-164 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 189-193 21448006-3 2011 Detailed underlying mechanisms for the ammonium/low pH-tolerance of the NRT1.1 mutants will be revealed by paying attention to auxin behavior, phosphorylated status of NRT1.1 and other components related to the primary nitrate response and nitrate transport. Nitrates 219-226 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 72-76 21448006-3 2011 Detailed underlying mechanisms for the ammonium/low pH-tolerance of the NRT1.1 mutants will be revealed by paying attention to auxin behavior, phosphorylated status of NRT1.1 and other components related to the primary nitrate response and nitrate transport. Nitrates 240-247 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 72-76 21571952-5 2011 Under high nitrate conditions, the nrt1.9 mutant showed enhanced root-to-shoot nitrate transport and plant growth. Nitrates 11-18 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 35-39 21571952-5 2011 Under high nitrate conditions, the nrt1.9 mutant showed enhanced root-to-shoot nitrate transport and plant growth. Nitrates 79-86 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 35-39 21571952-6 2011 We conclude that phloem nitrate transport is facilitated by expression of NRT1.9 in root companion cells. Nitrates 24-31 Major facilitator superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 74-80 21571952-1 2011 This study of the Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate transporter NRT1.9 reveals an important function for a NRT1 family member in phloem nitrate transport. Nitrates 39-46 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 59-63 21571952-7 2011 In addition, enhanced root-to-shoot xylem transport of nitrate in nrt1.9 mutants points to a negative correlation between xylem and phloem nitrate transport. Nitrates 55-62 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-70 21571952-7 2011 In addition, enhanced root-to-shoot xylem transport of nitrate in nrt1.9 mutants points to a negative correlation between xylem and phloem nitrate transport. Nitrates 139-146 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-70 21454300-0 2011 The regulatory region controlling the nitrate-responsive expression of a nitrate reductase gene, NIA1, in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 38-45 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 73-90 21454300-0 2011 The regulatory region controlling the nitrate-responsive expression of a nitrate reductase gene, NIA1, in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 38-45 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 97-101 21454300-1 2011 Nitrate reductase (NR) is the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 70-77 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-17 21454300-1 2011 Nitrate reductase (NR) is the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 70-77 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 19-21 21571952-1 2011 This study of the Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate transporter NRT1.9 reveals an important function for a NRT1 family member in phloem nitrate transport. Nitrates 39-46 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 102-106 21454300-2 2011 It is well known that the expression of NR genes is rapidly induced in various plants by nitrate. Nitrates 89-96 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 40-42 21454300-4 2011 This cast some doubt on the role of the NR gene promoter in the nitrate-inducible expression of this gene. Nitrates 64-71 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 40-42 21571952-4 2011 In nrt1.9 mutants, nitrate content in root phloem exudates was decreased, and downward nitrate transport was reduced, suggesting that NRT1.9 may facilitate loading of nitrate into the root phloem and enhance downward nitrate transport in roots. Nitrates 19-26 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 3-7 21454300-9 2011 We also show that the 2.7 kb promoter sequence of NIA2, another NR gene of Arabidopsis, cannot direct nitrate-inducible expression. Nitrates 102-109 nitrate reductase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 50-54 21571952-4 2011 In nrt1.9 mutants, nitrate content in root phloem exudates was decreased, and downward nitrate transport was reduced, suggesting that NRT1.9 may facilitate loading of nitrate into the root phloem and enhance downward nitrate transport in roots. Nitrates 19-26 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 134-138 21571952-4 2011 In nrt1.9 mutants, nitrate content in root phloem exudates was decreased, and downward nitrate transport was reduced, suggesting that NRT1.9 may facilitate loading of nitrate into the root phloem and enhance downward nitrate transport in roots. Nitrates 87-94 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 3-7 21571952-4 2011 In nrt1.9 mutants, nitrate content in root phloem exudates was decreased, and downward nitrate transport was reduced, suggesting that NRT1.9 may facilitate loading of nitrate into the root phloem and enhance downward nitrate transport in roots. Nitrates 87-94 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 134-138 21571952-4 2011 In nrt1.9 mutants, nitrate content in root phloem exudates was decreased, and downward nitrate transport was reduced, suggesting that NRT1.9 may facilitate loading of nitrate into the root phloem and enhance downward nitrate transport in roots. Nitrates 87-94 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 3-7 21571952-4 2011 In nrt1.9 mutants, nitrate content in root phloem exudates was decreased, and downward nitrate transport was reduced, suggesting that NRT1.9 may facilitate loading of nitrate into the root phloem and enhance downward nitrate transport in roots. Nitrates 87-94 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 134-138 21571952-4 2011 In nrt1.9 mutants, nitrate content in root phloem exudates was decreased, and downward nitrate transport was reduced, suggesting that NRT1.9 may facilitate loading of nitrate into the root phloem and enhance downward nitrate transport in roots. Nitrates 87-94 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 3-7 21450100-9 2011 CSF Nitrate levels were detected using the Griess reagent. Nitrates 4-11 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 0-3 21584187-3 2011 Ferredoxin-nitrite reductase (NiR) catalyses the reduction of nitrite to ammonium in the second step of the nitrate- assimilation pathway. Nitrates 108-115 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-28 21584187-3 2011 Ferredoxin-nitrite reductase (NiR) catalyses the reduction of nitrite to ammonium in the second step of the nitrate- assimilation pathway. Nitrates 108-115 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 30-33 21470979-1 2011 Various human-induced changes to the atmosphere have caused carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrate deposition (NO3-) to increase in many regions of the world. Nitrates 109-116 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 129-132 21239382-4 2011 In Arabidopsis, increasing evidence suggests that, for nitrate, the main nitrogen source for most plant species, a major sensor is the NRT1.1 nitrate transporter, also contributing to nitrate uptake by the roots. Nitrates 55-62 nicotinamide riboside transporter Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 135-139 21239382-4 2011 In Arabidopsis, increasing evidence suggests that, for nitrate, the main nitrogen source for most plant species, a major sensor is the NRT1.1 nitrate transporter, also contributing to nitrate uptake by the roots. Nitrates 142-149 nicotinamide riboside transporter Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 135-139 21239382-7 2011 The various facets, as well as the mechanisms of nitrate sensing by NRT1.1 are considered, and the possible occurrence of other nitrate transceptors is discussed. Nitrates 49-56 nicotinamide riboside transporter Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 68-72 21450087-3 2011 RESULTS: The expression of the nap genes, nrfA, cymA and hcp was significantly reduced in etrA deletion mutant EtrA7-1; however, limited anaerobic growth and nitrate reduction occurred, suggesting that multiple regulators control nitrate reduction in this strain. Nitrates 230-237 hydroxylamine reductase Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 57-60 21304405-7 2011 In conjunction with IL-2 treatment, oral curcumin administration significantly inhibited IL-2 therapy-induced urinary nitrite/nitrate excretion and iNOS expression of tumor tissues, and further increased the IL-2 therapy-induced prolongation of survival in a murine Meth-A ascites tumor model. Nitrates 126-133 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 89-93 21156214-2 2011 A possible mechanism may involve nitrate-mediated activation of various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteases, particularly matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and adhesion molecules in human macrophages, leading to the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Nitrates 33-40 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 123-149 21156214-2 2011 A possible mechanism may involve nitrate-mediated activation of various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteases, particularly matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and adhesion molecules in human macrophages, leading to the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. Nitrates 33-40 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 151-156 21520758-6 2011 Low nitrate (NO3-) concentrations (0.2-0.4 mg NO3- -NL(-1)) in the shallow groundwater of the cropping system were associated with low rates of mineralization and nitrification (33 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) and high grass seed crop uptake of N (155 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)). Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 13-16 21520758-6 2011 Low nitrate (NO3-) concentrations (0.2-0.4 mg NO3- -NL(-1)) in the shallow groundwater of the cropping system were associated with low rates of mineralization and nitrification (33 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) and high grass seed crop uptake of N (155 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)). Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 46-49 21252222-3 2011 Therefore, we here compared effects of various electrophiles (organic nitrates, reactive fatty acid metabolites, or oxidants) on the activity of ALDH-2 with special emphasis on organic nitrate-induced inactivation of the enzyme, the biochemical correlate of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 70-78 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 145-151 21252222-3 2011 Therefore, we here compared effects of various electrophiles (organic nitrates, reactive fatty acid metabolites, or oxidants) on the activity of ALDH-2 with special emphasis on organic nitrate-induced inactivation of the enzyme, the biochemical correlate of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 70-77 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 145-151 21252222-3 2011 Therefore, we here compared effects of various electrophiles (organic nitrates, reactive fatty acid metabolites, or oxidants) on the activity of ALDH-2 with special emphasis on organic nitrate-induced inactivation of the enzyme, the biochemical correlate of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 185-192 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 145-151 21193589-5 2011 The expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) mRNA was increased in the vascular tissues isolated from BDL rats, and accordingly, nitrate/nitrite production was increased. Nitrates 146-153 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 56-60 21445844-8 2011 During oxygenation of nitric oxide to nitrate, oxidized ferric hemoglobin is formed (methemoglobin), which can be reduced by an associated reductase. Nitrates 38-45 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 85-98 21304405-7 2011 In conjunction with IL-2 treatment, oral curcumin administration significantly inhibited IL-2 therapy-induced urinary nitrite/nitrate excretion and iNOS expression of tumor tissues, and further increased the IL-2 therapy-induced prolongation of survival in a murine Meth-A ascites tumor model. Nitrates 126-133 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 89-93 21329998-11 2011 In addition, genes involved in nitrate dissimilation (nre, nar, nir), catalase (kat), or superoxide dismutase (sod) were well detected. Nitrates 31-38 superoxide dismutase Staphylococcus equorum 89-109 21455488-0 2011 Genetic regulation by NLA and microRNA827 for maintaining nitrate-dependent phosphate homeostasis in arabidopsis. Nitrates 58-65 SPX (SYG1/Pho81/XPR1) domain-containing protein Arabidopsis thaliana 22-25 21455488-10 2011 Also the Pi overaccumulator pho2 mutant shows Pi toxicity in a nitrate-dependent manner similar to the nla mutant. Nitrates 63-70 phosphate 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 28-32 21455488-12 2011 The results demonstrate that NLA and miR827 have pivotal roles in regulating Pi homeostasis in plants in a nitrate-dependent fashion. Nitrates 107-114 SPX (SYG1/Pho81/XPR1) domain-containing protein Arabidopsis thaliana 29-32 21455488-12 2011 The results demonstrate that NLA and miR827 have pivotal roles in regulating Pi homeostasis in plants in a nitrate-dependent fashion. Nitrates 107-114 MIR827 Arabidopsis thaliana 37-43 20938379-12 2011 Significant decreases in plasma nitrate/nitrite after injury were associated with increased lung ADMA concentrations and decreased DDAH-2 expression. Nitrates 32-39 dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 Homo sapiens 131-137 20237835-6 2011 Nitrate (as NO3-) contamination has appeared as another anthropogenic threat to some intensively cultivable rural habitations of this region. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 12-15 20300837-0 2011 Nitrate levels modulate denitrification activity in tropical mangrove sediments (Goa, India). Nitrates 0-7 tripartite motif containing 47 Homo sapiens 81-84 21193579-3 2011 Nitrate transporters (NRT) from the NRT1 and NRT2 families ensure the capacity of root cells to take up nitrate, through high- and low-affinity systems (HATS and LATS) depending on nitrate concentrations in the soil solution. Nitrates 104-111 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 36-40 21036778-8 2011 The use of BNP levels, in conjunction with other clinical information, significantly increased the detection of HF in combination with an additional diagnosis (32 vs. 16%, P = 0.001) and also increased the application of HF-specific medical therapy (nitrates: 32 vs. 23%, P < 0.05 and diuretics: 65 vs. 50%, P < 0.01). Nitrates 250-258 natriuretic peptide B Homo sapiens 11-14 20959627-0 2011 The cytosolic glutamine synthetase GLN1;2 plays a role in the control of plant growth and ammonium homeostasis in Arabidopsis rosettes when nitrate supply is not limiting. Nitrates 140-147 hypothetical protein Arabidopsis thaliana 14-34 20959627-0 2011 The cytosolic glutamine synthetase GLN1;2 plays a role in the control of plant growth and ammonium homeostasis in Arabidopsis rosettes when nitrate supply is not limiting. Nitrates 140-147 hypothetical protein Arabidopsis thaliana 35-41 20959627-3 2011 GLN1;2 is the most highly expressed in leaves and is over-expressed in roots by ammonium supply and in rosettes by ample nitrate supply compared with limiting nitrate supply. Nitrates 121-128 hypothetical protein Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 20959627-3 2011 GLN1;2 is the most highly expressed in leaves and is over-expressed in roots by ammonium supply and in rosettes by ample nitrate supply compared with limiting nitrate supply. Nitrates 159-166 hypothetical protein Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 20959627-11 2011 Altogether the results suggest that GLN1;2 is essential for nitrogen assimilation under ample nitrate supply and for ammonium detoxification. Nitrates 94-101 hypothetical protein Arabidopsis thaliana 36-42 21193579-3 2011 Nitrate transporters (NRT) from the NRT1 and NRT2 families ensure the capacity of root cells to take up nitrate, through high- and low-affinity systems (HATS and LATS) depending on nitrate concentrations in the soil solution. Nitrates 181-188 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 36-40 20959627-10 2011 Growing plants in vitro with ammonium or nitrate as the sole nitrogen source allowed us to confirm that GLN1;2 is induced by ammonium in roots and to observe that gln1;2 mutants displayed, under such conditions, longer root hair and smaller rosette phenotypes in ammonium. Nitrates 41-48 hypothetical protein Arabidopsis thaliana 104-110 20959627-10 2011 Growing plants in vitro with ammonium or nitrate as the sole nitrogen source allowed us to confirm that GLN1;2 is induced by ammonium in roots and to observe that gln1;2 mutants displayed, under such conditions, longer root hair and smaller rosette phenotypes in ammonium. Nitrates 41-48 hypothetical protein Arabidopsis thaliana 163-169 21193579-4 2011 Other members of the NRT1 family are involved subsequently in loading and unloading of nitrate to and from the xylem vessels, allowing its distribution to aerial organs or its remobilization from old leaves. Nitrates 87-94 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 21-25 20706193-6 2011 In Ang II + HS fed KO mice, the urinary excretion rate of nitrite/nitrate (U(NOx)V) markedly increased but 8-isoprostane excretion rate remained unchanged. Nitrates 66-73 angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) Mus musculus 3-9 21112616-8 2011 For the Salburua wetland riparian soil, we estimated a potential nitrate removal capacity of 1012 kg N-NO3-ha-1 year-1, and potential greenhouse gas emissions of 5620 kg CO2 ha-1 year-1 and 240 kg N-N2O ha-1 year-1. Nitrates 65-72 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 103-106 21226927-20 2011 In addition, medication with nitrates reduced the risk of being CLR. Nitrates 29-37 doublecortin like kinase 3 Homo sapiens 64-67 21132432-7 2011 Second, gene expression of AOX is suppressed when N is predominately available as nitrate instead of ammonium. Nitrates 82-89 acyl-CoA oxidase 1 Homo sapiens 27-30 21184738-8 2011 While nNOS inhibition at 4h was associated with a trend toward improved survival and significantly reduced contents of lung nitrite/nitrate (NO(x)) and liver malondialdehyde, the blockade of nNOS at 8h had no effect on these parameters. Nitrates 132-139 nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal Mus musculus 6-10 22097076-1 2011 The present study aimed at developing a universal method for the localization of critical source areas (CSAs) of diffuse nitrate (NO3-) pollution in rural catchments with low data availability. Nitrates 121-128 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 130-133 21737912-6 2011 Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that the expression levels of GmATG8i and GmATG4 increase in a starvation medium, but at a null or marginal level in a sucrose/nitrate-rich medium. Nitrates 191-198 autophagy-related protein 8i Glycine max 94-101 20540036-9 2011 Nitrate levels were negatively associated with Hcy, ADMA and LpPLA2 activity. Nitrates 0-7 phospholipase A2 group VII Homo sapiens 61-67 21397917-3 2011 Bottom nitrate concentrations (5.7-16.8 muM; avg. Nitrates 7-14 latexin Homo sapiens 40-43 21090606-10 2010 Using individual tap water consumption data and body weight, we estimated the median perchlorate, nitrate, and iodide dose attributable to tap water as 9.11, 11300, and 43.3 ng/kg-day, respectively, for U.S. adults. Nitrates 98-105 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 139-142 20967313-4 2010 Moreover, our simulation results suggest that the experimentally observed complex UO(2)(NO(3))(2) 2TBP is formed after the migration of the aforementioned complexes into the organic phase by means of a reorganization of the nitrate binding mode from mono to bidentate which removes the excess oxygen atoms bound to uranyl. Nitrates 224-231 TATA-box binding protein Homo sapiens 99-102 20662039-5 2010 Nitrate (NO3-), can be considered as an alternative electron acceptor, which can support oxidation of As(III) to As(V) by denitrifying bacteria. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 21090606-3 2010 This study investigates the intake of perchlorate, nitrate, and iodide attributable to direct and indirect tap water consumption. Nitrates 51-58 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 107-110 21045638-3 2010 Recently, an alternative pathway for nitric oxide generation was discovered, wherein the inorganic anions nitrate (NO3) and nitrite (NO2), most often considered inert end products from nitric oxide generation, can be reduced back to nitric oxide and other bioactive nitrogen oxide species. Nitrates 106-113 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 115-118 20815776-6 2010 It is shown that palmitate caused induction of iNOS resulting in increased nitrite/nitrate concentration and slight increase in TG content. Nitrates 83-90 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 47-51 21265445-7 2010 Whole-stream nitrate uptake and denitrification in our study streams closely followed first-order uptake kinetics, indicating that NO3 uptake is limited by delivery of substrate (NO3) to the organisms involved in uptake or denitrification. Nitrates 13-20 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 131-134 20964367-7 2010 The pattern of nitrate yield is believed to be attributable to the fact that when urea serves as the source of reduced-N, entry into the reactions that describe chlorination of ammoniacal nitrogen is through NCl3, whereas when NH3 is the source of reduced-N, entry to these reactions is through NH2Cl. Nitrates 15-22 calpain 5 Homo sapiens 208-212 20837581-2 2010 (2010) identified AtNRT1.8 as a membrane transporter involved in the control of long-distance transport of nitrate between roots and shoot. Nitrates 107-114 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 18-24 20880842-10 2010 We conclude that HpUre2 is involved in salt tolerance and also in nitrate assimilation gene derepression via Ca(2+) homeostasis regulation and calcineurin activation, which control the levels of Gat1. Nitrates 66-73 Gat1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 195-199 21589287-2 2010 Given that the Zn-O interactions [2.4926 (15) and 2.6673 (15) A] can be considered as weakly bonding and the nitrate ions share the same C(2) axis of the Zn(dpp)(2) fragment (dpp is 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), these anions belong to the coordination sphere of Zn(2+), leading to a complex with an overall coordination number of 8 for the metal ion. Nitrates 109-116 dentin sialophosphoprotein Homo sapiens 157-160 21360884-7 2010 When COD/N were 6-7, it can meet the requirement for carbon source during aerobic denitrification, the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen and COD were up to 96%, 85% respectively. Nitrates 119-126 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptides B and B1 Homo sapiens 5-8 20738805-3 2010 Nitrate reductase enzyme activity is responsible for the reduction of nitrate to nitrite, and nitrate is the major form of nitrogen assimilated in plants. Nitrates 70-77 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 0-17 20386496-6 2010 Negative correlations between nitrates, nitrotyrosine, and MLC2 levels were observed. Nitrates 30-38 myosin light chain 12B Homo sapiens 59-63 20822503-2 2010 In Arabidopsis, members of the chloride channel (CLC) family located in intracellular organelles have been shown to be required for nitrate homeostasis or pH adjustment, and previous results indicated that AtCLCc is involved in nitrate accumulation. Nitrates 132-139 chloride channel C Arabidopsis thaliana 206-212 20854429-7 2010 Ammonia, ANP and cANP((4-23)) added separately, each stimulated formation of NO(x) (nitrates + nitrites) which was associated with up-regulation of the activity [cANP((4-23))] or/and expression (ammonia) of the endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase. Nitrates 84-92 FAM111 trypsin like peptidase B Homo sapiens 17-21 20854429-7 2010 Ammonia, ANP and cANP((4-23)) added separately, each stimulated formation of NO(x) (nitrates + nitrites) which was associated with up-regulation of the activity [cANP((4-23))] or/and expression (ammonia) of the endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase. Nitrates 84-92 FAM111 trypsin like peptidase B Homo sapiens 162-166 19911291-4 2010 The potential consequences, in terms of water pollution from nitrates of a BMP expressly applied to reduce P pollution are also discussed. Nitrates 61-69 bone morphogenetic protein 1 Homo sapiens 75-78 20822503-2 2010 In Arabidopsis, members of the chloride channel (CLC) family located in intracellular organelles have been shown to be required for nitrate homeostasis or pH adjustment, and previous results indicated that AtCLCc is involved in nitrate accumulation. Nitrates 228-235 chloride channel C Arabidopsis thaliana 206-212 20694272-8 2010 TPA was applied to monitoring photochemical OH production by nitrate, nitrite and dissolved organic matter (DOM), and OH quenching rate constants measured for DOM were similar to results from previous studies. Nitrates 61-68 plasminogen activator, tissue type Homo sapiens 0-3 20946657-3 2010 The level of methemoglobin in the blood is the biomarker often used in research for assessing exposure to nitrates. Nitrates 106-114 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 13-26 20935411-3 2010 There are some methods to treat CSX including statins, b blocker, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, nitrates, estrogen, and so on. Nitrates 108-116 NK2 homeobox 5 Homo sapiens 32-35 20845308-3 2010 The nitrate reductase (NR) gene, which plays a central role in nitrate acquisition, was the target gene for this research. Nitrates 4-11 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 23-25 20131084-4 2010 PCNB at an initial concentration of 13 muM was transformed to PCA simultaneously with nitrate reduction but only after the nitrate concentration was at or below 20 mg N/l. Nitrates 86-93 latexin Homo sapiens 39-42 20598093-0 2010 The proline 160 in the selectivity filter of the Arabidopsis NO(3)(-)/H(+) exchanger AtCLCa is essential for nitrate accumulation in planta. Nitrates 109-116 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 85-91 20498409-12 2010 In contrast, BALF nitrite+nitrate levels were decreased in apoA-I(-/-) mice. Nitrates 26-33 apolipoprotein A-I Mus musculus 59-65 20547419-5 2010 Circulation of Arabian Sea high salinity waters with nitrate deficit could also be seen from low N/P ratio with a minimum of 8.9 in spring and a maximum of 13.6 in winter. Nitrates 53-60 S13 erythroblastosis (avian) oncogene homolog Homo sapiens 23-26 20561257-1 2010 AtNRT2.1, a polypeptide of the Arabidopsis thaliana two-component inducible high-affinity nitrate transport system (IHATS), is located within the plasma membrane. Nitrates 90-97 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-8 20561257-2 2010 The monomeric form of AtNRT2.1 has been reported to be the most abundant form, and was suggested to be the form that is active in nitrate transport. Nitrates 130-137 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-30 20598093-3 2010 In contrast to other CLC family members, AtCLCa transports nitrate coupled to protons. Nitrates 59-66 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 41-47 20561257-9 2010 This result, together with the finding that the oligomer is absent from NRT2.1 or NAR2.1 mutants, suggests that this complex, rather than monomeric AtNRT2.1, is the form that is active in IHATS nitrate transport. Nitrates 194-201 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 148-156 20668061-0 2010 Multiple regulatory elements in the Arabidopsis NIA1 promoter act synergistically to form a nitrate enhancer. Nitrates 92-99 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 48-52 20598093-8 2010 Our results confirm the significance of this amino acid in the conserved selectivity filter of CLC proteins and highlight the importance of the proline in AtCLCa for nitrate metabolism in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 166-173 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 155-161 20668061-4 2010 A 1.8-kb promoter fragment from the nitrate reductase gene NIA1 was identified that acts as a nitrate enhancer when fused to a 35S minimal promoter. Nitrates 36-43 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 59-63 20668061-10 2010 These findings were validated in transgenic Arabidopsis plants and identify a cis-regulatory module containing three elements that comprise a nitrate enhancer in the NIA1 promoter. Nitrates 142-149 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 166-170 20561257-10 2010 The molecular mass of the intact oligomer suggests that the functional unit for high-affinity nitrate influx may be a tetramer consisting of two subunits each of AtNRT2.1 and AtNAR2.1. Nitrates 94-101 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 162-170 20608721-0 2010 Identification of organic nitrates in the NO3 radical initiated oxidation of alpha-pinene by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Nitrates 26-34 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 42-45 20870960-5 2010 In this study, LCI1 was placed under the control of the nitrate reductase promoter, allowing for the induction of LCI1 expression by nitrate in the absence of other CCM components. Nitrates 56-63 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 15-19 20870960-5 2010 In this study, LCI1 was placed under the control of the nitrate reductase promoter, allowing for the induction of LCI1 expression by nitrate in the absence of other CCM components. Nitrates 56-63 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 114-118 21588529-2 2010 The Co(II) atom (site symmetry 2) is six-coordinate in a distorted octahedral configuration bonded by two N and two O atoms from two (2-amino-phen-yl)methanol ligands and two O atoms from the two nitrate anions. Nitrates 196-203 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 4-10 21090302-1 2010 The PBS material that in the form of insoluble biodegradable polymers pellets was investigated as the solid carbon source and the biofilm carrier for nitrate removal from wastewater. Nitrates 150-157 cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3 Homo sapiens 4-7 20449593-4 2010 For this, we equipped a recently developed amiRNA expression vector with the NIT1 promoter, which is repressed by ammonium and activated by nitrate. Nitrates 140-147 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 77-81 20449593-6 2010 HSF1 transcripts in transformants were already reduced ~2 h after transfer from ammonium to nitrate-containing medium. Nitrates 92-99 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 0-4 20449593-8 2010 HSF1 levels recovered partly when transformant cells were shifted back to ammonium for 72 h. Transformants developed thermosensitivity only on nitrate and thermosensitivity correlated with strong reduction in HSF1 levels, hence supporting our earlier conclusion that HSF1 is a key regulator for thermotolerance in Chlamydomonas. Nitrates 143-150 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 0-4 20563339-0 2010 [NO3[symbol: see text]{(en)Pt(2,2"-bpz)}3]NO3(SO4)2: snapshot of nitrate insertion into a cationic Pt3 metallacycle or simply a packing effect? Nitrates 65-72 zinc finger protein 135 Homo sapiens 99-102 20551918-3 2010 Rats receiving co-treatment with dietary BH(4) and eNOS gene transfer (the [eNOS, +BH(4)] group) had greater eNOS expression, phospho-eNOS expression (Ser(1177)), Ca(2+)-dependent NOS activity, and nitrite + nitrate concentrations in the ischemic gastrocnemius than did rats receiving AdeNOS alone. Nitrates 208-215 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 51-55 20682995-5 2010 Interestingly, the beta-catenin system was activated by the nitro-oxy derivative as well as by benzyl nitrate alone more potently than by the parent compound celecoxib, suggesting a possible regulatory role for NO. Nitrates 102-109 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 19-31 20575535-1 2010 A novel instrument is described that quantifies total particle-phase organic nitrates in real time with a detection limit of 0.11 microg m(-3) min(-1), 45 ppt min(-1) (-ONO(2)). Nitrates 77-85 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 143-149 20575535-1 2010 A novel instrument is described that quantifies total particle-phase organic nitrates in real time with a detection limit of 0.11 microg m(-3) min(-1), 45 ppt min(-1) (-ONO(2)). Nitrates 77-85 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 159-165 20394470-0 2010 Co-possession of phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors (PDE5-I) with nitrates. Nitrates 67-75 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 54-58 19496011-4 2010 Ninety-seven percent of the water samples showed nitrate (NO3-) concentrations above the human affected value (13 mg l(-1) NO3-), while 15% exceeded the maximum acceptable level (50 mg l(-1) NO3-) according to WHO regulations. Nitrates 49-56 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 58-61 20444232-0 2010 Identification of a nitrate-responsive cis-element in the Arabidopsis NIR1 promoter defines the presence of multiple cis-regulatory elements for nitrogen response. Nitrates 20-27 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 70-74 20669724-5 2010 The results highlighted a significant reductive microbial activity in seepage water from either denitrification or dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), leading to nitrate (NO3(-)) consumption. Nitrates 129-136 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 187-190 20669724-5 2010 The results highlighted a significant reductive microbial activity in seepage water from either denitrification or dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), leading to nitrate (NO3(-)) consumption. Nitrates 178-185 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 187-190 20499882-5 2010 Low concentrations of the NO donor, DETA NONOate (<200 microM), exclusively nitrate Tyr327 within the tetramerization domain promoting p53 oligomerization, nuclear accumulation, and increased DNA-binding activity without p53 Ser15 phosphorylation. Nitrates 79-86 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 138-141 20627068-3 2010 The dual transporter NRT1.1 uses both nitrate and the plant hormone auxin as substrates, enabling soil nitrate availability to regulate auxin-driven lateral root development. Nitrates 38-45 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 21-25 20627068-3 2010 The dual transporter NRT1.1 uses both nitrate and the plant hormone auxin as substrates, enabling soil nitrate availability to regulate auxin-driven lateral root development. Nitrates 103-110 immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 Homo sapiens 21-25 20627075-0 2010 Nitrate-regulated auxin transport by NRT1.1 defines a mechanism for nutrient sensing in plants. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 37-41 20627075-2 2010 In Arabidopsis, the NRT1.1 nitrate transporter is crucial for nitrate signaling governing root growth, and has been proposed to act as a nitrate sensor. Nitrates 27-34 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-24 20627075-2 2010 In Arabidopsis, the NRT1.1 nitrate transporter is crucial for nitrate signaling governing root growth, and has been proposed to act as a nitrate sensor. Nitrates 62-69 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-24 20627075-4 2010 Herein we show that NRT1.1 not only transports nitrate but also facilitates uptake of the phytohormone auxin. Nitrates 47-54 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-24 20627075-5 2010 Moreover, nitrate inhibits NRT1.1-dependent auxin uptake, suggesting that transduction of nitrate signal by NRT1.1 is associated with a modification of auxin transport. Nitrates 10-17 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 27-31 20627075-5 2010 Moreover, nitrate inhibits NRT1.1-dependent auxin uptake, suggesting that transduction of nitrate signal by NRT1.1 is associated with a modification of auxin transport. Nitrates 10-17 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 108-112 20627075-5 2010 Moreover, nitrate inhibits NRT1.1-dependent auxin uptake, suggesting that transduction of nitrate signal by NRT1.1 is associated with a modification of auxin transport. Nitrates 90-97 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 27-31 20627075-5 2010 Moreover, nitrate inhibits NRT1.1-dependent auxin uptake, suggesting that transduction of nitrate signal by NRT1.1 is associated with a modification of auxin transport. Nitrates 90-97 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 108-112 20627075-7 2010 Mutation of NRT1.1 enhances both auxin accumulation in lateral roots and growth of these roots at low, but not high, nitrate concentration. Nitrates 117-124 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 12-16 20627075-8 2010 Thus, we propose that NRT1.1 represses lateral root growth at low nitrate availability by promoting basipetal auxin transport out of these roots. Nitrates 66-73 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-28 20211595-7 2010 This role of AOX in the mitochondrial plasticity makes logical the localization of Aox1 in a nitrate assimilation gene cluster. Nitrates 93-100 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 83-87 20085572-9 2010 Although CNP 100 nM and 1 microM was observed to increase nitrite + nitrate (stable metabolites of NO) production in HUVEC two-fold above basal level, the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ 10 microM did not significantly modify CNP-stimulated cGMP accumulation suggesting that endothelial actions of CNP may be NO-independent. Nitrates 68-75 natriuretic peptide C Homo sapiens 9-12 20444232-2 2010 To identify the cis-acting DNA element involved in nitrate-responsive gene expression, we analyzed the promoter of the Arabidopsis gene encoding nitrite reductase (NIR1). Nitrates 51-58 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 145-162 20444232-2 2010 To identify the cis-acting DNA element involved in nitrate-responsive gene expression, we analyzed the promoter of the Arabidopsis gene encoding nitrite reductase (NIR1). Nitrates 51-58 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 164-168 20444232-3 2010 A region from positions -188 to -1, relative to the translation start site, was found to contain at least one cis-element necessary for the nitrate-dependent activation of the promoter, in which the activity of nitrate transporter NRT2.1 and/or NRT2.2 plays a critical role. Nitrates 140-147 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 231-237 20444232-3 2010 A region from positions -188 to -1, relative to the translation start site, was found to contain at least one cis-element necessary for the nitrate-dependent activation of the promoter, in which the activity of nitrate transporter NRT2.1 and/or NRT2.2 plays a critical role. Nitrates 140-147 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 231-235 20444232-4 2010 To define this nitrate-responsive cis-element (NRE), we compared the sequences of several nitrite reductase gene promoters from various higher plants and identified a conserved sequence motif as the putative NRE. Nitrates 15-22 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-107 20444232-6 2010 Furthermore, mutations within this conserved motif in the native NIR1 promoter markedly reduced the nitrate-responsive activity of the promoter, indicating that the 43-bp sequence is an NRE that is both necessary and sufficient for nitrate-responsive transcription. Nitrates 100-107 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 65-69 20444232-6 2010 Furthermore, mutations within this conserved motif in the native NIR1 promoter markedly reduced the nitrate-responsive activity of the promoter, indicating that the 43-bp sequence is an NRE that is both necessary and sufficient for nitrate-responsive transcription. Nitrates 232-239 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 65-69 20444232-7 2010 We also show that both the native NIR1 promoter and the synthetic promoter display a similar level of sensitivity to nitrate, but respond differentially to exogenously supplied glutamine, indicating independent modulation of NIR1 expression by NRE-mediated nitrate induction and feedback repression mediated by other cis-element(s). Nitrates 117-124 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 34-38 20444232-7 2010 We also show that both the native NIR1 promoter and the synthetic promoter display a similar level of sensitivity to nitrate, but respond differentially to exogenously supplied glutamine, indicating independent modulation of NIR1 expression by NRE-mediated nitrate induction and feedback repression mediated by other cis-element(s). Nitrates 257-264 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 225-229 20587040-10 2010 PDE-5 inhibitors or chemicals in the nitrate/nitrate group are currently not prohibited or tested for by the doping control agencies but some are highly dangerous to health and can lead to cardiovascular collapse, coma and death. Nitrates 37-44 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 0-5 20587040-10 2010 PDE-5 inhibitors or chemicals in the nitrate/nitrate group are currently not prohibited or tested for by the doping control agencies but some are highly dangerous to health and can lead to cardiovascular collapse, coma and death. Nitrates 45-52 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 0-5 19565320-6 2010 At univariate Cox regression analysis, a reduced probability of VVS occurrence after nitrates was associated with greater systolic blood pressure and body mass index values, to male gender and smoking. Nitrates 85-93 cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A Homo sapiens 14-17 20226578-4 2010 The implementation of a sulphur emission control area (SECA) in the North Sea, as it was implemented at the end of 2007, directly results in reduced sulphur dioxide and sulphate aerosol concentrations while nitrate aerosol concentrations are slightly increased. Nitrates 207-214 S13 erythroblastosis (avian) oncogene homolog Homo sapiens 74-77 20394470-1 2010 OBJECTIVE: Estimate the proportion of phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor (PDE5-I) patients who co-possess nitrates and compare the proportion of tadalafil patients dispensed nitrates to a matched control group. Nitrates 106-114 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 74-78 20394470-7 2010 When co-possessed prescriptions were defined by overlapping exposure periods, the proportion of PDE5-I patients with co-possessed nitrates ranged from 1.44% (tadalafil) to 1.72% (vardenafil) and 2.13% (sildenafil). Nitrates 130-138 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 96-100 20394470-9 2010 The majority (54.29%) of co-possessed PDE5-I and nitrate prescriptions had the nitrate dispensed prior to the PDE5-I prescription identified in the study cohort. Nitrates 49-56 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 110-114 20394470-9 2010 The majority (54.29%) of co-possessed PDE5-I and nitrate prescriptions had the nitrate dispensed prior to the PDE5-I prescription identified in the study cohort. Nitrates 79-86 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 38-42 20304912-0 2010 Point mutation of a plastidic invertase inhibits development of the photosynthetic apparatus and enhances nitrate assimilation in sugar-treated Arabidopsis seedlings. Nitrates 106-113 alkaline/neutral invertase Arabidopsis thaliana 30-39 20092674-6 2010 Plasma intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 correlated positively with plasma 3-nitrotyrosine (p=0.019) and nitrite/nitrate (p=0.019), respectively. Nitrates 151-158 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 45-78 20092674-7 2010 Furthermore, plasma interleukin-1beta also positively correlated with plasma nitrite/nitrate (p=0.003). Nitrates 85-92 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 20-37 20430762-3 2010 CLC-a, a member of the CLC family of anion transporters, is critically involved in this nitrate storage in the vacuole, while other CLC family members apparently have different roles in diverse cell organelles. Nitrates 88-95 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 0-5 20430762-5 2010 CLC-b conducted strongly outwardly rectifying anionic currents that were largest in the presence of nitrate. Nitrates 100-107 chloride channel B Arabidopsis thaliana 0-5 20036660-2 2010 In Arabidopsis thaliana, AtClC-a has been recently shown to be a NO(3)(-)/H(+) antiporter critical for nitrate transport into the vacuoles. Nitrates 103-110 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 25-32 20378150-9 2010 Nitrate reduction was not significantly inhibited by acenaphthene and 4-NP and furthermore was resistant to LAS toxicity (105 mgL(-1)). Nitrates 0-7 LLGL scribble cell polarity complex component 1 Homo sapiens 126-132 20430631-2 2010 We report here the inhibitory capacities of some organic nitrates against two human (hCA) isozymes, hCA I and hCA II. Nitrates 57-65 HCA1 Homo sapiens 85-88 20430631-2 2010 We report here the inhibitory capacities of some organic nitrates against two human (hCA) isozymes, hCA I and hCA II. Nitrates 57-65 cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 100-116 19533679-2 2010 Here, we show that training rats in an object recognition (OR) learning task rapidly increased nitrites/nitrates (NOx) content in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus while posttraining intra-CA1 microinfusion of the neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) inhibitor L-NN hindered OR LTM retention without affecting memory retrieval or other behavioral variables. Nitrates 104-112 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 134-137 20298504-4 2010 In both strains, FNR was required for normal fumarate- and nitrate-dependent respiration. Nitrates 59-66 fnr Vibrio fischeri ES114 17-20 20501909-0 2010 The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT1.8 functions in nitrate removal from the xylem sap and mediates cadmium tolerance. Nitrates 16-23 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 36-40 20501909-0 2010 The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT1.8 functions in nitrate removal from the xylem sap and mediates cadmium tolerance. Nitrates 16-23 Transducin/WD40 repeat-like superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 87-90 20442374-1 2010 Nitrate assimilation in plants and related organisms is a highly regulated and conserved pathway in which the enzyme nitrate reductase (NR) occupies a central position. Nitrates 0-7 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 117-134 20442374-1 2010 Nitrate assimilation in plants and related organisms is a highly regulated and conserved pathway in which the enzyme nitrate reductase (NR) occupies a central position. Nitrates 0-7 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 136-138 20501909-3 2010 NRT1.8 is upregulated by nitrate. Nitrates 25-32 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 20501909-6 2010 Electrophysiological and nitrate uptake analyses using Xenopus laevis oocytes showed that NRT1.8 mediates low-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 25-32 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-94 20501909-6 2010 Electrophysiological and nitrate uptake analyses using Xenopus laevis oocytes showed that NRT1.8 mediates low-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 119-126 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-94 20501909-7 2010 Functional disruption of NRT1.8 significantly increased the nitrate concentration in xylem sap. Nitrates 60-67 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 25-29 20501909-7 2010 Functional disruption of NRT1.8 significantly increased the nitrate concentration in xylem sap. Nitrates 60-67 Transducin/WD40 repeat-like superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 91-94 20501909-8 2010 These data together suggest that NRT1.8 functions to remove nitrate from xylem vessels. Nitrates 60-67 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-37 20501909-9 2010 Interestingly, NRT1.8 was the only nitrate assimilatory pathway gene that was strongly upregulated by cadmium (Cd(2+)) stress in roots, and the nrt1.8-1 mutant showed a nitrate-dependent Cd(2+)-sensitive phenotype. Nitrates 35-42 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 15-19 20501909-9 2010 Interestingly, NRT1.8 was the only nitrate assimilatory pathway gene that was strongly upregulated by cadmium (Cd(2+)) stress in roots, and the nrt1.8-1 mutant showed a nitrate-dependent Cd(2+)-sensitive phenotype. Nitrates 169-176 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 15-19 20501909-9 2010 Interestingly, NRT1.8 was the only nitrate assimilatory pathway gene that was strongly upregulated by cadmium (Cd(2+)) stress in roots, and the nrt1.8-1 mutant showed a nitrate-dependent Cd(2+)-sensitive phenotype. Nitrates 169-176 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 144-148 20501909-11 2010 These data suggest that NRT1.8-regulated nitrate distribution plays an important role in Cd(2+) tolerance. Nitrates 41-48 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 24-28 20448437-8 2010 In contrast, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was expressed in both types of EPCs, and both cell types could produce nitric oxide (NO), as judged by measuring the total amounts of nitrites and nitrates in culture media. Nitrates 201-209 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 13-46 20701008-2 2010 It is well known the toxic action of nitrate upon organisms, by formatting methemoglobin and N-nitroso compounds. Nitrates 37-44 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 75-88 20225831-3 2010 Two structural series have been prepared by reacting in water rare earth nitrates (Ln(III) = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho) with K(3)[M(CN)(6)] (M(III) = Fe, Co) in the presence of hexamethylenetetramine (hmt). Nitrates 73-81 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase III Homo sapiens 86-89 19939965-0 2010 Degradation of leucine zipper-positive isoform of MYPT1 may contribute to development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 89-96 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 12A Mus musculus 50-55 19939965-1 2010 AIMS: A depressed cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) activity is implicated in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 80-87 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 49-52 19939965-2 2010 The present study determines whether the leucine zipper-positive (LZ+) isoform of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1), a key target protein for PKG actions, is involved in the development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 199-206 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 12A Mus musculus 82-117 19939965-2 2010 The present study determines whether the leucine zipper-positive (LZ+) isoform of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1), a key target protein for PKG actions, is involved in the development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 199-206 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 12A Mus musculus 119-124 19939965-2 2010 The present study determines whether the leucine zipper-positive (LZ+) isoform of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1), a key target protein for PKG actions, is involved in the development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 199-206 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 152-155 19939965-7 2010 Protein levels of MYPT1 (LZ+), but not of PP1Cdelta, were significantly reduced in in vitro and in vivo nitrate-tolerant arteries. Nitrates 104-111 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 12A Mus musculus 18-23 19939965-11 2010 CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that a reduction in the protein level of MYPT1 (LZ+) is involved in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 104-111 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 12A Mus musculus 77-82 20157049-7 2010 Improvement of vascular function in this particular model of arterial hypertension by pentaerythritol tetranitrate largely depends on the induction of the antioxidant enzyme HO-1 and identifies pentaerythritol tetranitrate, in contrast to isosorbide-5 mononitrate, as an organic nitrate able to improve rather than to worsen endothelial function. Nitrates 107-114 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 174-178 20701008-8 2010 The maximum methemoglobin level was 60% and the minimum value of nitrate concentration in the water samples was 396 mg NO3-/L. Nitrates 65-72 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 119-122 20701008-9 2010 CONCLUSIONS: We established a direct correlation between the level of methemoglobin and the nitrate concentrations in water samples. Nitrates 92-99 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 70-83 20067832-3 2010 PCB treatment reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression as well as levels of nitrite/nitrate in both cell lines. Nitrates 101-108 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 20307293-2 2010 Accordingly, metabolic investigations of the microbial biofilm communities of human dental plaque have focused on aerobic respiration and acid fermentation of carbohydrates, even though it is known that the oral habitat is constantly exposed to nitrate (NO3-) concentrations in the millimolar range and that dental plaque houses bacteria that can reduce this NO3- to nitrite (NO2-). Nitrates 245-252 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 254-257 20163092-1 2010 We examined the kinetics of nitrate reduction by periplasmic nitrate reductase (Nap) by using protein film voltammetry and solution assays. Nitrates 28-35 catenin beta like 1 Homo sapiens 80-83 20142497-0 2010 Nitrate-responsive miR393/AFB3 regulatory module controls root system architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 0-7 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 26-30 20142497-7 2010 However, only AFB3 was regulated by nitrate in roots under our experimental conditions. Nitrates 36-43 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-18 20142497-8 2010 Analysis of the expression of this miR393/AFB3 module, revealed an incoherent feed-forward mechanism that is induced by nitrate and repressed by N metabolites generated by nitrate reduction and assimilation. Nitrates 120-127 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 42-46 20142497-8 2010 Analysis of the expression of this miR393/AFB3 module, revealed an incoherent feed-forward mechanism that is induced by nitrate and repressed by N metabolites generated by nitrate reduction and assimilation. Nitrates 172-179 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 42-46 20142497-9 2010 To understand the functional role of this N-regulatory module for plant development, we analyzed the RSA response to nitrate in AFB3 insertional mutant plants and in miR393 overexpressors. Nitrates 117-124 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 128-132 20142497-11 2010 Interestingly, regulation of RSA by nitrate was specifically mediated by AFB3, indicating that miR393/AFB3 is a unique N-responsive module that controls root system architecture in response to external and internal N availability in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 36-43 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 73-77 20142497-11 2010 Interestingly, regulation of RSA by nitrate was specifically mediated by AFB3, indicating that miR393/AFB3 is a unique N-responsive module that controls root system architecture in response to external and internal N availability in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 36-43 auxin signaling F-box 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 102-106 20006999-8 2010 Computer simulations that utilized the measured kinetic values confirmed this interpretation, and revealed that the V346I iNOS has an enhanced NADPH-dependent NO dioxygenase activity that converts almost 1 NO to nitrate for every NO that the enzyme releases into solution. Nitrates 212-219 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 122-126 19694900-9 2010 However, the BNP decrease was larger in the high-dose nitrate group (P < 0.0001). Nitrates 54-61 natriuretic peptide B Homo sapiens 13-16 19694900-10 2010 The larger decrease in BNP in the high-dose nitrate group was already apparent 12 h after the initiation of treatment. Nitrates 44-51 natriuretic peptide B Homo sapiens 23-26 20031186-3 2010 At the copper cathode, electroreduction of nitrate to ammonia was optimal near -1.4 V vs Hg/HgO. Nitrates 43-50 homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase Homo sapiens 92-95 19694900-11 2010 After 48 h BNP values decreased by an average of 29 +/- 4.9% in the high-dose nitrate strategy group compared to 15 +/- 5.4% during standard therapy. Nitrates 78-85 natriuretic peptide B Homo sapiens 11-14 20154005-5 2010 Expressed in Xenopus oocytes, AtALMT12 facilitates chloride and nitrate currents, but not those of organic solutes. Nitrates 64-71 aluminum-activated, malate transporter 12 Arabidopsis thaliana 30-38 20147370-5 2010 Homologs of these genes exist in other plant species, including a family of four genes of unknown function in Arabidopsis thaliana (LSU1-4), of which two were reported as strongly induced by S-deficit and to a lesser extent by salt stress and nitrate limitation. Nitrates 243-250 response to low sulfur 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 132-138 19184629-3 2010 In the present research, a survey of wells (n = 1,060) was undertaken in all 13 regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to assess the contained nitrate (NO(3)) levels. Nitrates 143-150 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 152-157 20142047-5 2010 It was demonstrated that xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and possibly other enzymes can catalyze nitrate reduction under normoxic conditions in vivo. Nitrates 95-102 xanthine dehydrogenase Mus musculus 25-48 20142047-5 2010 It was demonstrated that xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and possibly other enzymes can catalyze nitrate reduction under normoxic conditions in vivo. Nitrates 95-102 xanthine dehydrogenase Mus musculus 50-53 19184629-4 2010 The results indicated variation in nitrate levels from 1.1 to 884.0 mg/L as NO(3) throughout the Kingdom. Nitrates 35-42 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 76-81 19184629-6 2010 The results indicated that nitrate levels exceeded the maximum contaminant limits for drinking water (45 mg/L as NO(3)) in a number of wells (n = 213) in different regions of the Kingdom. Nitrates 27-34 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 113-118 21081219-3 2010 The formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the mitochondria and the subsequent inhibition of the nitrate-bioactivating enzyme mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) appear to play a central role, at least for GTN, that is, bioactivated by ALDH-2. Nitrates 111-118 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 178-184 19449127-2 2010 Here, we report on the regulation of a cytosolic glutamine synthetase (CsGS) from Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze during developmental stages and light/dark conditions on the utilization of nitrate and ammonia. Nitrates 191-198 glutamate-ammonia ligase Homo sapiens 49-69 19932915-3 2010 In this paper we use Disjunctive Kriging to map the probability that the Nitrates Directive limit (91/676/EEC) is exceeded for the Nitrate Vulnerable Zone of the River Tagus alluvium aquifer. Nitrates 73-81 Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate, 1 Homo sapiens 106-109 19932915-3 2010 In this paper we use Disjunctive Kriging to map the probability that the Nitrates Directive limit (91/676/EEC) is exceeded for the Nitrate Vulnerable Zone of the River Tagus alluvium aquifer. Nitrates 73-80 Ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate, 1 Homo sapiens 106-109 20109206-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Tap water may be an important source of exposure to arsenic and nitrate. Nitrates 76-83 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 12-15 20065149-10 2010 Together, these results suggest that mPGES-1-derived PGE(2) confers protection against DOCA-salt hypertension likely via inhibition of oxidative stress or stimulation of superoxide dismutase-3 and urinary nitrate/nitrite system. Nitrates 205-212 prostaglandin E synthase Mus musculus 37-44 20933202-5 2010 Physiological levels of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) S-glutathiolate SERCA at Cys674 to increase its activity, and the augmentation of RNS in vascular diseases irreversibly oxidizes Cys674 or nitrates tyrosine residues at Tyr296-Tyr297, which are associated with loss of function. Nitrates 195-203 ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 3 Homo sapiens 72-77 21081219-3 2010 The formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the mitochondria and the subsequent inhibition of the nitrate-bioactivating enzyme mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) appear to play a central role, at least for GTN, that is, bioactivated by ALDH-2. Nitrates 111-118 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 260-266 21081219-6 2010 In the past, attempts to avoid nitrate-induced side effects have focused on administration schedules that would allow a "nitrate-free interval"; in the future, the role of co-therapies with antioxidant compounds and of activation of endogeneous protective pathways such as the heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) will need to be explored. Nitrates 31-38 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 277-293 21081219-7 2010 However, the development of new nitrates, for example, tolerance-free aminoalkyl nitrates or combination of nitrate groups with established cardiovascular drugs like ACE inhibitors or AT(1)-receptor blockers (hybrid molecules) may be of great clinical interest. Nitrates 32-40 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 166-169 21081219-7 2010 However, the development of new nitrates, for example, tolerance-free aminoalkyl nitrates or combination of nitrate groups with established cardiovascular drugs like ACE inhibitors or AT(1)-receptor blockers (hybrid molecules) may be of great clinical interest. Nitrates 32-39 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 166-169 19515062-2 2010 The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between plasma concentrations of nitrite/nitrate (NO(x)) and endothelin (ET)-1 and non-invasive measures of peripheral vasodilator function in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Nitrates 104-111 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 124-141 20331429-1 2010 Infiltration of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling leaves with excess of nitrate, nitrite, or the NO donor sodium nitroprusside leads to increase both in content of hydroperoxide and activity of peroxidase and decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the leaf apoplast. Nitrates 76-83 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 225-245 20331429-1 2010 Infiltration of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling leaves with excess of nitrate, nitrite, or the NO donor sodium nitroprusside leads to increase both in content of hydroperoxide and activity of peroxidase and decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the leaf apoplast. Nitrates 76-83 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 247-250 21182762-9 2010 For example, the over-expression of a predicted gene hub encoding a transcription factor induced early in the cascade indeed leads to the modification of the kinetic nitrate response of sentinel genes such as NIR, NIA2, and NRT1.1, and several other transcription factors. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate reductase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 214-218 21182762-9 2010 For example, the over-expression of a predicted gene hub encoding a transcription factor induced early in the cascade indeed leads to the modification of the kinetic nitrate response of sentinel genes such as NIR, NIA2, and NRT1.1, and several other transcription factors. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 224-230 20397415-2 2010 When nitrate was first introduced to the MBfR, denitrification took place on the shell side of the membranes immediately, and the effluent concentration of nitrate continuously decreased with 100% removal rate on day 45 under the influent nitrate concentration of 5 mg NO3- -N/L, which described the acclimating and enriching process of autohydrogenotrophic denitrification bacteria. Nitrates 5-12 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 269-272 20397415-2 2010 When nitrate was first introduced to the MBfR, denitrification took place on the shell side of the membranes immediately, and the effluent concentration of nitrate continuously decreased with 100% removal rate on day 45 under the influent nitrate concentration of 5 mg NO3- -N/L, which described the acclimating and enriching process of autohydrogenotrophic denitrification bacteria. Nitrates 156-163 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 269-272 20397415-2 2010 When nitrate was first introduced to the MBfR, denitrification took place on the shell side of the membranes immediately, and the effluent concentration of nitrate continuously decreased with 100% removal rate on day 45 under the influent nitrate concentration of 5 mg NO3- -N/L, which described the acclimating and enriching process of autohydrogenotrophic denitrification bacteria. Nitrates 156-163 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 269-272 20397415-4 2010 The results showed that nitrate reduction rate improved as H2 pressure increasing, and over 97% of total nitrogen removal rate was achieved when the nitrate loading increased from 0.17 to 0.34 g NO3- -N/(m2 x day) without nitrite accumulation. Nitrates 24-31 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 195-198 20397415-4 2010 The results showed that nitrate reduction rate improved as H2 pressure increasing, and over 97% of total nitrogen removal rate was achieved when the nitrate loading increased from 0.17 to 0.34 g NO3- -N/(m2 x day) without nitrite accumulation. Nitrates 149-156 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 195-198 20923091-4 2010 Regardless the type of media bed and the type of wastewater, nitrate was completely removed for nitrogen loading rates up to 1.3 g NO3-N/(m2 x day). Nitrates 61-68 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 131-134 19836459-8 2010 Recombinant MMP-9 was significantly activated by NTG and its dinitrate metabolites, indicating post-translation modification of this protein by organic nitrates. Nitrates 152-160 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 12-17 20923099-3 2010 For areas showing predicted nitrate concentrations in percolation water above the European Union (EU) groundwater quality standard of 50 mg NO3-N/L, effective agri-environmental reduction measures need to be derived and implemented to improve groundwater and surface water quality by 2015. Nitrates 28-35 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 140-143 19540016-0 2009 The bZIP transcription factors HY5 and HYH are positive regulators of the main nitrate reductase gene in Arabidopsis leaves, NIA2, but negative regulators of the nitrate uptake gene NRT1.1. Nitrates 79-86 Basic-leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 31-34 20351419-5 2010 The effect of aqueous matrix on As(V) sorption by the nanocrystalline LDH was found to increase in the order of nitrate < silica < sulfate < carbonate < phosphate. Nitrates 112-119 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 32-37 19540016-5 2009 Induction of NIA2 transcription by nitrate was not influenced by HY5 or HYH. Nitrates 35-42 nitrate reductase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-17 19540016-0 2009 The bZIP transcription factors HY5 and HYH are positive regulators of the main nitrate reductase gene in Arabidopsis leaves, NIA2, but negative regulators of the nitrate uptake gene NRT1.1. Nitrates 79-86 HY5-homolog Arabidopsis thaliana 39-42 19540016-0 2009 The bZIP transcription factors HY5 and HYH are positive regulators of the main nitrate reductase gene in Arabidopsis leaves, NIA2, but negative regulators of the nitrate uptake gene NRT1.1. Nitrates 79-86 nitrate reductase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 125-129 19524003-9 2009 Significant increases in expression of endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS) isoforms of NOS mRNA and protein occurred only at coma stages of encephalopathy accompanied by increased brain nitrite/nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 198-205 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 73-77 19801492-11 2009 The maintenance of cardioprotection in female mice lacking GPx1 post-I/R may be due to an improved ascorbate redox homeostasis and enhanced nitrate-to-nitrite conversion, which would predictably be accompanied by enhanced production of cardioprotective nitric oxide. Nitrates 140-147 glutathione peroxidase 1 Mus musculus 59-63 19811527-10 2009 Nitrates/nitrites and TBARS, metabolites of MMPs activators, were increased in the diabetic placenta and reduced by 15dPGJ(2). Nitrates 0-8 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Rattus norvegicus 44-48 20516270-7 2009 We also show that the reduction in plasma MMP-9 levels was associated with a change in plasma nitrites/nitrates (NOx) concentration over the entire intervention (r = -0.38, p < 0.05; week 12 vs. baseline). Nitrates 103-111 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 42-47 18544592-9 2009 A significant decrease in mean total nitric oxide (NOx), nitrite, and nitrate levels was also found after G-CSF plus dexamethasone administration. Nitrates 70-77 colony stimulating factor 3 Homo sapiens 106-111 20187384-8 2009 However, the areas of confined water with nitrate concentrations of 5-10 mg x L(-1), 10-15 mg x L(-1) and 15-20 mg x L(-1) were increased by 28.01%, 9.33%, and 0.48% respectively, while the areas of NO3- -N concentration (0-5 mg x L(-1)) was decreased by 37.82%. Nitrates 42-49 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 199-202 20187385-8 2009 The NO3- -delta 15N values of 4.77% per hundred (n=9) show nitrate-nitrogen of S2 mainly originates from fertilizers from October, 2007 to March, 2008 and from July to October, 2008, while NO3- -delta 15N values of 3.16% per hundred +/- 0.39% per hundred (n=5) explain that the nitrate-nitrogen derives from the mixture of soil organic nitrogen and fertilizers from April to June, 2008. Nitrates 59-66 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 4-7 19820122-5 2009 Mice injected with Th1 cells developed progressive albuminuria over 21 d, histologic injury including 5.5 +/- 0.9% crescent formation/segmental necrosis, elevated urinary nitrate, and increased renal NOS2, CCL2, and CCL5 mRNA. Nitrates 171-178 negative elongation factor complex member C/D, Th1l Mus musculus 19-22 19732351-5 2009 The etr1-3 and ein2-1 mutants exhibited less reductions in LR length and number than wild-type plants in response to high nitrate concentration. Nitrates 122-129 Signal transduction histidine kinase, hybrid-type, ethylene sensor Arabidopsis thaliana 4-10 20514237-0 2009 Nitrate responses of Arabidopsis cho1 mutants: obvious only when excess nitrate is supplied. Nitrates 0-7 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-37 19732351-5 2009 The etr1-3 and ein2-1 mutants exhibited less reductions in LR length and number than wild-type plants in response to high nitrate concentration. Nitrates 122-129 NRAMP metal ion transporter family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 15-19 19732351-6 2009 Expression of nitrate transporters AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was upregulated and downregulated in response to high nitrate concentration, respectively. Nitrates 14-21 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 35-43 19732351-6 2009 Expression of nitrate transporters AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was upregulated and downregulated in response to high nitrate concentration, respectively. Nitrates 14-21 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 48-56 19732351-7 2009 A similar upregulation and downregulation of AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was observed by ethylene synthesis precursor aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACC) and AVG in low and high nitrate concentration, respectively. Nitrates 176-183 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 45-53 19732351-7 2009 A similar upregulation and downregulation of AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was observed by ethylene synthesis precursor aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACC) and AVG in low and high nitrate concentration, respectively. Nitrates 176-183 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 58-66 20514237-4 2009 This phenotype is restricted to the cotyledons, and growth of the hypocotyl and roots of the cho1 mutants is inhibited by excess nitrate. Nitrates 129-136 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 93-97 20514237-6 2009 Altered nitrate distribution and storage may explain the phenotypes of the cho1 mutants. Nitrates 8-15 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 75-79 20514237-0 2009 Nitrate responses of Arabidopsis cho1 mutants: obvious only when excess nitrate is supplied. Nitrates 72-79 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 33-37 20514237-1 2009 We reported a loss-of-function of an Arabidopsis double AP2 transcription factor CHOTTO1 (CHO1) gene results in the altered responses to high concentrations of nitrate (approximately 50 mM). Nitrates 160-167 Integrase-type DNA-binding superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 56-59 20514237-1 2009 We reported a loss-of-function of an Arabidopsis double AP2 transcription factor CHOTTO1 (CHO1) gene results in the altered responses to high concentrations of nitrate (approximately 50 mM). Nitrates 160-167 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 81-88 20514237-1 2009 We reported a loss-of-function of an Arabidopsis double AP2 transcription factor CHOTTO1 (CHO1) gene results in the altered responses to high concentrations of nitrate (approximately 50 mM). Nitrates 160-167 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-94 20514237-3 2009 The cho1 seedlings responded to nitrate up to 10 mM similarly to the wildtype, but the inhibitory effect of excess nitrate is less prominent in the mutants. Nitrates 32-39 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-8 19943390-6 2009 Nitrate (NO3-) leaching increased only from the catchment without a forest buffer. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 19885533-1 2009 Our research group previously reported a two-dimensional cationic inorganic material (BING-5, Pb(3)F(5)NO(3)) where nitrate resides in the interlamellar space and can be anion exchanged. Nitrates 116-123 D6S2723E Homo sapiens 86-92 19845487-10 2009 The cells were then exposed to Escherichia coli endotoxin to determine if increased intracellular penetration of catalase would inhibit H(2)O(2), nitrate, and cytokine synthesis. Nitrates 146-153 catalase Homo sapiens 113-121 19785658-12 2009 AFP also increased H(2)O(2) and modulated nitrite/nitrate levels in non-stimulated keratinocytes whereas it did not affect these parameters or cytokine release from UVA-stimulated cells. Nitrates 50-57 alpha fetoprotein Homo sapiens 0-3 19544384-1 2009 Halophilic (salt loving), hydrogenotrophic (H(2) oxidizing) denitrifying bacteria were investigated for treatment of nitrate (NO3-) and perchlorate (ClO4-) contaminated groundwater and ion exchange (IX) brines. Nitrates 117-124 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 126-129 19681094-7 2009 Analysis of iNOS protein and the associated formation of nitrites and lipid peroxidation products was performed using immunoblotting and biochemical analysis, and revealed increases in iNOS protein, nitrate levels and oxidative stress at day 1 following ionizing irradiation. Nitrates 199-206 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 12-16 19764219-2 2009 While nitrate (NO3-) reduction is energetically favored over sulfate reduction, the influence of NO3 on the accumulation of CH3Hg+ has not been reported in the literature. Nitrates 6-13 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 15-18 19636075-0 2009 ATP binding to the C terminus of the Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate/proton antiporter, AtCLCa, regulates nitrate transport into plant vacuoles. Nitrates 58-65 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 85-91 19636075-2 2009 Nitrate accumulation within the vacuole is primarily mediated by the NO(3)(-)/H(+) exchanger AtCLCa, which belongs to the chloride channel (CLC) family. Nitrates 0-7 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 93-99 19766561-3 2009 (2009) show that phosphorylation of the CHL1 nitrate transporter allows the plant root to sense and respond to different nitrate concentrations in the soil. Nitrates 45-52 cell adhesion molecule L1 like Homo sapiens 40-44 19733718-6 2009 The concentrations of plasma endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells, significantly decreased and plasma nitric oxide (measured as the stable end product [nitrite/nitrate]), a potent vasodilator produced by vascular endothelial cells, significantly increased after the weight-reduction exercise program. Nitrates 209-216 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 29-41 19911129-3 2009 Furthermore, ALDH2 catalyzes nitroglycerin to nitrate and 1, 2-glyceryldinitrate during therapy for angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Nitrates 46-53 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 13-18 19650765-2 2009 Also, Mb plays a role in regulating *NO (nitric oxide) homoeostasis through (i) binding *NO (Mb-NO complex); (ii) oxidation of *NO to nitrate; and (iii) formation of vasoactive S-nitroso-Mb [Rayner, B.S., Wu, B.-J., Raftery, M., Stocker, R. and Witting, P.K. Nitrates 134-141 myoglobin Rattus norvegicus 6-8 19586916-6 2009 Moreover, we show that Fdx2 (Em = -321 mV), whose expression is regulated by nitrate, is a more efficient electron donor to nitrite reductase relative to Fd. Nitrates 77-84 ferredoxin 2 Homo sapiens 23-27 19586916-6 2009 Moreover, we show that Fdx2 (Em = -321 mV), whose expression is regulated by nitrate, is a more efficient electron donor to nitrite reductase relative to Fd. Nitrates 77-84 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 124-141 19563531-11 2009 CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The present results demonstrate that not all high potency nitrates are bioactivated by ALDH-2 and that high potency of a given nitrate is not necessarily associated with induction of oxidative stress or nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 88-96 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 117-123 19563531-12 2009 Obviously, there are distinct pathways for bioactivation of organic nitrates, which for AEN may involve xanthine oxidoreductase rather than P450 enzymes. Nitrates 68-76 xanthine dehydrogenase Mus musculus 104-127 19633234-0 2009 A genetic screen for nitrate regulatory mutants captures the nitrate transporter gene NRT1.1. Nitrates 21-28 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 86-92 19785274-7 2009 International emissions are an additional uncontrollable and significant contribution to total sulfate (SO4) and nitrate (NO3) concentrations at the western Class I areas. Nitrates 113-120 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 122-125 19882863-9 2009 The content of nitrates was estimated as a difference between the total level of nitro compounds and the content of RNO2. Nitrates 15-23 NLR family pyrin domain containing 12 Homo sapiens 116-120 19734434-0 2009 The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT1.7, expressed in phloem, is responsible for source-to-sink remobilization of nitrate. Nitrates 16-23 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 36-40 19734434-2 2009 This study of the Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate transporter NRT1.7 provides new insights into nitrate remobilization. Nitrates 39-46 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 59-63 19809847-5 2009 Our results showed, when compared with control aliquots, that the presence of fibrinogen modulates the NO mobilization in erythrocytes by (1) decreasing erythrocyte NO efflux levels (P < 0.001); (2) increasing levels of intraerythrocytic NO oxidative metabolites, namely, nitrite (P < 0.0001) and nitrate (P < 0.0001); and (3) enhancing the formation of GSNO (P < 0.001). Nitrates 303-310 fibrinogen beta chain Homo sapiens 78-88 19633234-2 2009 A mutation was identified that impaired nitrate induction, and it was localized to the nitrate regulatory gene NLP7, demonstrating the validity of this screen. Nitrates 40-47 NIN like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 111-115 19734434-4 2009 In nrt1.7 mutants, more nitrate was present in the older leaves, less (15)NO(3)(-) spotted on old leaves was remobilized into N-demanding tissues, and less nitrate was detected in the phloem exudates of old leaves. Nitrates 24-31 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 3-7 19734434-4 2009 In nrt1.7 mutants, more nitrate was present in the older leaves, less (15)NO(3)(-) spotted on old leaves was remobilized into N-demanding tissues, and less nitrate was detected in the phloem exudates of old leaves. Nitrates 156-163 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 3-7 19633234-2 2009 A mutation was identified that impaired nitrate induction, and it was localized to the nitrate regulatory gene NLP7, demonstrating the validity of this screen. Nitrates 87-94 NIN like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 111-115 19734434-5 2009 These data indicate that NRT1.7 is responsible for phloem loading of nitrate in the source leaf to allow nitrate transport out of older leaves and into younger leaves. Nitrates 69-76 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 25-29 19734434-5 2009 These data indicate that NRT1.7 is responsible for phloem loading of nitrate in the source leaf to allow nitrate transport out of older leaves and into younger leaves. Nitrates 105-112 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 25-29 19633234-5 2009 The nrg1 mutation disrupted nitrate regulation of several endogenous genes as induction of three nitrate-responsive genes (NIA1, NiR, and NRT2.1) was dramatically reduced in roots of the mutant after 2-h treatment using nitrate concentrations from 0.25 to 20 mm. Nitrates 97-104 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 123-127 19633234-5 2009 The nrg1 mutation disrupted nitrate regulation of several endogenous genes as induction of three nitrate-responsive genes (NIA1, NiR, and NRT2.1) was dramatically reduced in roots of the mutant after 2-h treatment using nitrate concentrations from 0.25 to 20 mm. Nitrates 97-104 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 123-127 19633234-7 2009 The loss of nitrate induction in the two nrt1.1 mutants (nrg1 and chl1-5) was not explained by reduced nitrate uptake and was reversed by nitrogen deprivation. Nitrates 12-19 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 41-47 19633234-7 2009 The loss of nitrate induction in the two nrt1.1 mutants (nrg1 and chl1-5) was not explained by reduced nitrate uptake and was reversed by nitrogen deprivation. Nitrates 12-19 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-72 19633234-7 2009 The loss of nitrate induction in the two nrt1.1 mutants (nrg1 and chl1-5) was not explained by reduced nitrate uptake and was reversed by nitrogen deprivation. Nitrates 103-110 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 41-47 19633234-10 2009 These results strongly support the model that NRT1.1 acts as a nitrate regulator or sensor in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 63-70 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 46-52 19577274-2 2009 Total nitrogen removal efficiencies were 73-80% and 70-77% for the NMBR and UMBR, respectively, with 1-1.7 mgL(-1) lower effluent nitrates in the NMBR. Nitrates 130-138 LLGL scribble cell polarity complex component 1 Homo sapiens 107-113 19698183-10 2009 Moreover, the up-accumulation of lipoxygenase 10 indicated that the leaf response to a high availability of nitrate may also involve a modification in lipid metabolism.Finally, this proteomic approach suggested that the nutritional status of the plant may affect two different post-translational modifications of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) consisting in monoubiquitination and phosphorylation in roots and leaves, respectively. Nitrates 108-115 linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase10 Zea mays 33-48 19698183-10 2009 Moreover, the up-accumulation of lipoxygenase 10 indicated that the leaf response to a high availability of nitrate may also involve a modification in lipid metabolism.Finally, this proteomic approach suggested that the nutritional status of the plant may affect two different post-translational modifications of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) consisting in monoubiquitination and phosphorylation in roots and leaves, respectively. Nitrates 108-115 MLO-like protein 4 Zea mays 313-344 19698183-10 2009 Moreover, the up-accumulation of lipoxygenase 10 indicated that the leaf response to a high availability of nitrate may also involve a modification in lipid metabolism.Finally, this proteomic approach suggested that the nutritional status of the plant may affect two different post-translational modifications of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) consisting in monoubiquitination and phosphorylation in roots and leaves, respectively. Nitrates 108-115 MLO-like protein 4 Zea mays 346-353 18830972-8 2009 We confirmed that reduction of Nitrate levels in Jurkat cells was due to down-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), not endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Nitrates 31-38 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 92-123 18830972-8 2009 We confirmed that reduction of Nitrate levels in Jurkat cells was due to down-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), not endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Nitrates 31-38 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 125-129 18830972-8 2009 We confirmed that reduction of Nitrate levels in Jurkat cells was due to down-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), not endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Nitrates 31-38 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 136-169 19662837-1 2009 A dual isotope method of measuring both the delta 15N and delta 18O in NO3- was used to discriminate the origin of nitrate and its denitrification in groundwater in Shijiazhuang. Nitrates 115-122 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 71-74 19376780-8 2009 Nevertheless, a low rate of NO gas increased while cPTIO decreased the NR activities of the enzyme extracts from the roots at both nitrate levels. Nitrates 131-138 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 71-73 19376780-9 2009 Increasing the rate of NO gas further increased NR activity in the enzyme extracts of the roots fed with 0.5 mM nitrate but decreased it when 5 mM nitrate was supplied. Nitrates 112-119 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 48-50 19376780-10 2009 Interestingly, the stimulative effect of NO gas on NR activity could be reversed by NO removal through N(2) flushing in the enzyme extracts from the roots fed with 0.5 mM nitrate but not from those with 5 mM nitrate. Nitrates 171-178 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 51-53 19376780-10 2009 Interestingly, the stimulative effect of NO gas on NR activity could be reversed by NO removal through N(2) flushing in the enzyme extracts from the roots fed with 0.5 mM nitrate but not from those with 5 mM nitrate. Nitrates 208-215 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 51-53 19376780-11 2009 CONCLUSIONS: The effects of NO on NR activity in tomato roots depend on levels of nitrate supply, and probably result from direct interactions between NO and NR protein. Nitrates 82-89 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 34-36 19376780-11 2009 CONCLUSIONS: The effects of NO on NR activity in tomato roots depend on levels of nitrate supply, and probably result from direct interactions between NO and NR protein. Nitrates 82-89 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 158-160 19376780-1 2009 BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nitric oxide (NO) has been demonstrated to stimulate the activity of nitrate reductase (NR) in plant roots supplied with a low level of nitrate, and to affect proteins differently, depending on the ratio of NO to the level of protein. Nitrates 90-97 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 109-111 19346443-6 2009 Mechanistic studies in rats identified oxidative stress, ALDH-2 inactivation, and vascular dysfunction as common features in acute and chronic nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 143-150 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Rattus norvegicus 57-63 19346117-4 2009 The mechanisms involved are related to: i) the reduced sensitivity to insulin and other substances acting via intracellular cyclic nucleotides, such as nitrates and prostacyclin; ii) the altered intracellular ionic milieu with elevated cytosolic Ca(2+); and iii) the increased oxidative stress, which elicits isoprostane production from arachidonic acid. Nitrates 152-160 insulin Homo sapiens 70-77 20005475-3 2009 In addition, chronic nitrate treatment results in ALDH2 inhibition and contributes to nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 21-28 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 50-55 19042082-4 2009 LDH samples containing nitrate ions with parallel (LDH5) and perpendicular (LDH3) orientations exhibited different 2,4-D adsorption characteristics under competition with co-existing anions for surface binding sites. Nitrates 23-30 lactate dehydrogenase C Homo sapiens 0-3 19042082-4 2009 LDH samples containing nitrate ions with parallel (LDH5) and perpendicular (LDH3) orientations exhibited different 2,4-D adsorption characteristics under competition with co-existing anions for surface binding sites. Nitrates 23-30 lactate dehydrogenase C Homo sapiens 76-80 19042082-6 2009 On the contrary, the interlayer nitrate in LDH3 is readily exchanged by 2,4-D. Nitrates 32-39 lactate dehydrogenase C Homo sapiens 43-47 19662837-3 2009 The results show that the ratio of delta 15N/delta 18O in NO3- is close to 2:1, indicating that some denitrification is occurring in this area; The value of delta 15N and delta 18O in NO3- after denitrification are 4.6 per thousand-13.9 per thousand and 1.9 per thousand-7.8 per thousand respectively, which indicates that the main source of nitrate in groundwater are local fertilizer and Animal Waste/Septic Systems. Nitrates 342-349 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 58-61 19662837-3 2009 The results show that the ratio of delta 15N/delta 18O in NO3- is close to 2:1, indicating that some denitrification is occurring in this area; The value of delta 15N and delta 18O in NO3- after denitrification are 4.6 per thousand-13.9 per thousand and 1.9 per thousand-7.8 per thousand respectively, which indicates that the main source of nitrate in groundwater are local fertilizer and Animal Waste/Septic Systems. Nitrates 342-349 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 184-187 19460002-8 2009 RESULTS: Application of LPS to the pulp increased NOS activity and nitrate production (P < 0.001), generated by iNOS over-activity and expression. Nitrates 67-74 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 115-119 19500399-2 2009 Herein, a systems biology approach was developed to identify the components and role of cross-talk between nitrate and hormone signals, likely to be involved in the conditional response of NO3- signaling. Nitrates 107-114 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 189-192 19346351-9 2009 Besides a menaquinone source, isogenic mutants revealed that cydA and ndh1 are required for the aerobic-respiration-like response and narG for nitrate reduction. Nitrates 143-150 NAD(P)/FAD-dependent oxidoreductase Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 70-74 19346351-10 2009 The ndh1 mutant was still able to reduce nitrate. Nitrates 41-48 NAD(P)/FAD-dependent oxidoreductase Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 4-8 19493694-1 2009 Deficiency of mineral nutrients such as nitrate, phosphate, potassium and sulphate strongly affects the type and amount of metabolites produced by crops with knock-on effects on nutritional quality of the crop, its processing properties and disease resistance. Nitrates 40-47 LUC7 like 3 pre-mRNA splicing factor Homo sapiens 147-151 19534114-6 2009 The peak intensities of nitrate during the nighttime and high concentrations of O3 and NO2 strongly suggest that the heterogeneous reactions of N2O5 and NO3 onthe aerosol surface dominated the particulate nitrate formation on polluted days. Nitrates 24-31 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 153-156 19534114-6 2009 The peak intensities of nitrate during the nighttime and high concentrations of O3 and NO2 strongly suggest that the heterogeneous reactions of N2O5 and NO3 onthe aerosol surface dominated the particulate nitrate formation on polluted days. Nitrates 205-212 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 153-156 19261613-0 2009 Residues important for nitrate/proton coupling in plant and mammalian CLC transporters. Nitrates 23-30 Charcot-Leyden crystal galectin Homo sapiens 70-73 19223666-2 2009 In LLC-PK1 cells, we found that nitrate tolerance, as indicated by cGMP accumulation toward NTG, was accompanied by increased protein [(35)S]cysteine incorporation, significant S-glutathionylation of multiple proteins, and decreased metabolic activity of several SH-sensitive enzymes, including creatine kinase, xanthine oxidoreductase, and glutaredoxin (GRX). Nitrates 32-39 glutaredoxin-1 Sus scrofa 341-353 19223666-2 2009 In LLC-PK1 cells, we found that nitrate tolerance, as indicated by cGMP accumulation toward NTG, was accompanied by increased protein [(35)S]cysteine incorporation, significant S-glutathionylation of multiple proteins, and decreased metabolic activity of several SH-sensitive enzymes, including creatine kinase, xanthine oxidoreductase, and glutaredoxin (GRX). Nitrates 32-39 glutaredoxin-1 Sus scrofa 355-358 19261613-12 2009 When inserted into the model Torpedo chloride channel ClC-0, the equivalent mutation increased nitrate relative to chloride conductance. Nitrates 95-102 Charcot-Leyden crystal galectin Homo sapiens 54-57 19201616-1 2009 Anionic group II metal nitrate clusters of the formula [M(2)(NO(3))(5)](-), where M(2) = Mg(2), MgCa, Ca(2), and Sr(2), are investigated by infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy to obtain vibrational spectra in the mid-IR region. Nitrates 23-30 attractin Homo sapiens 96-100 23572923-0 2009 Genomewide bioinformatic analysis negates any specific role for Dof, GATA and Ag/cTCA motifs in nitrate responsive gene expression in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 96-103 GATA type zinc finger transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 69-73 19326931-4 2009 In the 1:3 nitrate complex, the one independent silver atom major component (0.78(1)) is closely trigonal planar AgS3 (Ag-S 2.518(2)-2.592(1) A, Sigma(S-Ag-S) 359.7(0) degrees); there are minor nearby components (0.11(1)) which may be regarded as four-coordinate, forming a putative one-dimensional polymer. Nitrates 11-18 G protein signaling modulator 1 Homo sapiens 113-117 19254277-13 2009 CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: These results indicate that nitrate tolerance is associated with ALDH2 inactivation, whereas ascorbate deficiency possibly results in down-regulation of ALDH2 expression. Nitrates 58-65 aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial Cavia porcellus 95-100 18379890-12 2009 Diurnal variation of Sulfur-dioxide and Nitrogen dioxide were found to have inverse relationship with visibility during fog which may be due to formation of secondary pollutants such as sulfate and to a lesser extent nitrates. Nitrates 217-225 zinc finger protein, FOG family member 1 Homo sapiens 120-123 19325986-10 2009 STM shows that the morphology of the particle system is largely conserved during NO(2) exposure at 300 K. The reaction is limited to the formation of surface nitrites and nitrates, which are characterized by low thermal stability and completely decompose below 500 K. As no further sintering occurs before decomposition, NO(2) uptake and release is a fully reversible process. Nitrates 171-179 sulfotransferase family 1A member 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 18716872-4 2009 Furthermore, NAC plus 5-ASA reduced nitrate generation, an expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, to basal levels and these results were significantly lower than those observed with either NAC or 5-ASA alone. Nitrates 36-43 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 73-104 18716872-4 2009 Furthermore, NAC plus 5-ASA reduced nitrate generation, an expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, to basal levels and these results were significantly lower than those observed with either NAC or 5-ASA alone. Nitrates 36-43 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 106-110 19060147-10 2009 The results suggest that the Fnr and Crp proteins may act synergistically to enhance NapABC synthesis during growth with poor carbon sources to help obtain energy from low levels of nitrate. Nitrates 182-189 catabolite gene activator protein Escherichia coli 37-40 19147491-4 2009 Stable expression of small hairpin RNA targeting cytoglobin in fibroblasts resulted in decreased NO consumption and intracellular nitrate production. Nitrates 130-137 cytoglobin Homo sapiens 49-59 18834868-0 2009 Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2)--maker of and marker for nitrate tolerance in response to nitroglycerin treatment. Nitrates 71-78 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 38-44 19378654-4 2009 The highest denitrification rate of 0.203kg/(m3 x d) was achieved when flow rate and nitrate concentration were 153 L/d and 25.3 mgN/L, respectively. Nitrates 85-92 helt bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 129-132 18996902-6 2009 Compared with wild-type, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of nitrite plus nitrate, GM-CSF, and MCP-1, but not TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, were higher in SP-D-deficient mice before and after HSCT. Nitrates 84-91 surfactant associated protein D Mus musculus 160-164 19054349-3 2009 Transgenic seedlings constitutively over-expressing STP13 (STP13OX) had increased rates of glucose uptake, higher endogenous sucrose levels and accumulated more total C and biomass per plant when grown on soil-less media supplemented with 55 mM glucose and sufficient N (9 mM nitrate). Nitrates 276-283 Major facilitator superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 52-57 19054349-3 2009 Transgenic seedlings constitutively over-expressing STP13 (STP13OX) had increased rates of glucose uptake, higher endogenous sucrose levels and accumulated more total C and biomass per plant when grown on soil-less media supplemented with 55 mM glucose and sufficient N (9 mM nitrate). Nitrates 276-283 Major facilitator superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 59-66 19054349-5 2009 In addition, STP13OX seedlings were larger and had higher biomass than Col-0 seedlings when grown under a limiting N condition (3 mM nitrate). Nitrates 133-140 Major facilitator superfamily protein Arabidopsis thaliana 13-20 18618322-5 2009 Inhibition data of the cytosolic isozymes hCA I - hCA III with a large number of anions (halides, pseudohalides, bicarbonate, carbonate, nitrate, nitrite, hydrosulfide, sulfate, sulfamic acid, sulfamide, etc. Nitrates 137-144 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 42-47 18618322-5 2009 Inhibition data of the cytosolic isozymes hCA I - hCA III with a large number of anions (halides, pseudohalides, bicarbonate, carbonate, nitrate, nitrite, hydrosulfide, sulfate, sulfamic acid, sulfamide, etc. Nitrates 137-144 HCA1 Homo sapiens 42-45 19074630-0 2009 The Arabidopsis abscisic acid catabolic gene CYP707A2 plays a key role in nitrate control of seed dormancy. Nitrates 74-81 cytochrome P450, family 707, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 45-53 18826430-3 2009 Although the Arabidopsis ANR1 transcription factor appears to control stimulation of lateral root elongation in response to nitrate, no regulators of nitrate assimilation have so far been identified in higher plants. Nitrates 124-131 AGAMOUS-like 44 Arabidopsis thaliana 25-29 18826430-5 2009 Recently, the algal homologue NIT2 was found to regulate nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 57-64 nitrilase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 30-34 18826430-7 2009 We show that nlp7 mutants are impaired in transduction of the nitrate signal, and that the NLP7 expression pattern is consistent with a function of NLP7 in the sensing of nitrogen. Nitrates 62-69 NIN like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-17 19008412-5 2009 In support of the beneficial effects of pcDNA3.1-eNOS treatment being because of enhanced eNOS expression and activity, increased eNOS protein levels were documented in aorta, liver, kidney, and heart of fructose-treated rats injected with pcDNA3.1-eNOS, and corresponding elevations in nitrite/nitrate and cGMP concentrations were observed in urine. Nitrates 295-302 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 49-53 19109301-0 2009 CHOTTO1, a double AP2 domain protein of Arabidopsis thaliana, regulates germination and seedling growth under excess supply of glucose and nitrate. Nitrates 139-146 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-7 19109301-11 2009 In addition, growth of cho1 mutant seedlings was partially resistant to excess nitrate (50 mM), as evident from their expanded green cotyledons. Nitrates 79-86 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 23-27 19109301-13 2009 This nitrate response was specific to the cho1 mutants and was not observed in the abi4 mutants. Nitrates 5-12 AINTEGUMENTA-like 5 Arabidopsis thaliana 42-46 18826430-9 2009 We propose NLP7 as an important element of the nitrate signal transduction pathway and as a new regulatory protein specific for nitrogen assimilation in non-nodulating plants. Nitrates 47-54 NIN like protein 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 11-15 19074630-5 2009 Profiling experiments indicated that the expression of the ABA catabolic gene CYP707A2 was regulated by exogenous nitrate. Nitrates 114-121 cytochrome P450, family 707, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 78-86 19074630-7 2009 In contrast, both endogenous and exogenous nitrate reduced ABA levels of the wild-type and cyp707a1-1 mutant seeds. Nitrates 43-50 cytochrome P450, family 707, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 91-99 19074630-8 2009 The CYP707A2 mRNA levels in developing siliques were positively correlated with different nitrate doses applied to the mother plants. Nitrates 90-97 cytochrome P450, family 707, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-12 19074630-9 2009 This was consistent with a role of the CYP707A2 gene in controlling seed ABA levels in response to endogenous nitrate. Nitrates 110-117 cytochrome P450, family 707, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-47 19074630-10 2009 The cyp707a2-1 mutant was less sensitive to exogenous nitrate for breaking seed dormancy. Nitrates 54-61 cytochrome P450, family 707, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-12 19074630-11 2009 Altogether, our data underline the central role of the CYP707A2 gene in the nitrate-mediated control of ABA levels during seed development and germination. Nitrates 76-83 cytochrome P450, family 707, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 55-63 19936118-0 2009 Is There Any Correlation between Insulin Resistance and Nitrate Plasma Concentration in White Coat Hypertensive Patients? Nitrates 56-63 insulin Homo sapiens 33-40 19164562-2 2009 Infection of Rag2(-/-) mice with Helicobacter hepaticus led to accumulation of macrophages and neutrophils in the colon, a process temporally related to up-regulation of tissue inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression at the site of infection and increased nitric oxide (NO) production, as evidenced by urinary excretion of nitrate. Nitrates 333-340 recombination activating gene 2 Mus musculus 13-17 19089335-5 2009 To overcome these obstacles of nitrate therapy, direct NO- and haem-independent sGC activators have been developed, such as BAY 58-2667 (cinaciguat) and HMR1766 (ataciguat), showing unique biochemical and pharmacological properties. Nitrates 31-38 sarcoglycan beta Homo sapiens 80-83 18791203-2 2009 Since protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A) can mediate paracellular leak and can be inactivated by tyrosine phosphorylation in its catalytic subunit (PP2Ac), we hypothesized that microvascular endothelial cells exposed to proinflammatory stimulation produce peroxynitrite that nitrates PP2Ac, and this nitration inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of PP2Ac and thereby increases PP2A activity to mediate endothelial barrier dysfunction. Nitrates 275-283 protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, alpha isoform Mus musculus 14-33 18791203-2 2009 Since protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A) can mediate paracellular leak and can be inactivated by tyrosine phosphorylation in its catalytic subunit (PP2Ac), we hypothesized that microvascular endothelial cells exposed to proinflammatory stimulation produce peroxynitrite that nitrates PP2Ac, and this nitration inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of PP2Ac and thereby increases PP2A activity to mediate endothelial barrier dysfunction. Nitrates 275-283 protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, alpha isoform Mus musculus 35-39 18791203-2 2009 Since protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A) can mediate paracellular leak and can be inactivated by tyrosine phosphorylation in its catalytic subunit (PP2Ac), we hypothesized that microvascular endothelial cells exposed to proinflammatory stimulation produce peroxynitrite that nitrates PP2Ac, and this nitration inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of PP2Ac and thereby increases PP2A activity to mediate endothelial barrier dysfunction. Nitrates 275-283 protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, beta isoform Mus musculus 148-153 18791203-2 2009 Since protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A) can mediate paracellular leak and can be inactivated by tyrosine phosphorylation in its catalytic subunit (PP2Ac), we hypothesized that microvascular endothelial cells exposed to proinflammatory stimulation produce peroxynitrite that nitrates PP2Ac, and this nitration inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of PP2Ac and thereby increases PP2A activity to mediate endothelial barrier dysfunction. Nitrates 275-283 protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, alpha isoform Mus musculus 148-152 18791203-8 2009 CONCLUSION: LPS + IFN gamma stimulates endothelial cells to produce iNOS-derived NO and NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide, which form peroxynitrite that nitrates tyrosine residues in PP2Ac and inhibits their phosphorylation. Nitrates 152-160 interferon gamma Mus musculus 18-27 18791203-8 2009 CONCLUSION: LPS + IFN gamma stimulates endothelial cells to produce iNOS-derived NO and NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide, which form peroxynitrite that nitrates tyrosine residues in PP2Ac and inhibits their phosphorylation. Nitrates 152-160 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 68-72 18791203-8 2009 CONCLUSION: LPS + IFN gamma stimulates endothelial cells to produce iNOS-derived NO and NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide, which form peroxynitrite that nitrates tyrosine residues in PP2Ac and inhibits their phosphorylation. Nitrates 152-160 protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, beta isoform Mus musculus 182-187 19330637-2 2009 Lead, cadmium, nickel, chromium, and nitrate (NO3-) concentrations in greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativa L.) and bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and their dietary intakes were determined. Nitrates 37-44 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 46-49 19001185-13 2009 However, in mice lacking iNOS, maximum and minimum dP/dt, as well as an indicator of isovolumic contraction, markedly increased in response to isoproterenol, associated with decreased cardiac 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal expression and urinary nitrate/nitrite. Nitrates 235-242 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 25-29 18798873-0 2009 AtCIPK8, a CBL-interacting protein kinase, regulates the low-affinity phase of the primary nitrate response. Nitrates 91-98 CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-7 19307691-6 2009 Recent studies have revealed that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and a subsequent oxidative inactivation of nitrate reductase, the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2), play an important role in the development of nitrate and cross-tolerance. Nitrates 131-138 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 192-198 19307691-7 2009 The present review focus first on the role of oxidative stress and second on the role of ALDH-2 in organic nitrate bioactivation leading to the development of tolerance and cross-tolerance (endothelial dysfunction) in response to nitroglycerin treatment. Nitrates 107-114 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 89-95 19307691-8 2009 Recently, the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the development of nitrate tolerance was demonstrated in a mouse model with a heterozygous deletion of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD(+/-)), which is the mitochondrial isoform of this enzyme. Nitrates 75-82 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 159-189 19307691-8 2009 Recently, the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the development of nitrate tolerance was demonstrated in a mouse model with a heterozygous deletion of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD(+/-)), which is the mitochondrial isoform of this enzyme. Nitrates 75-82 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 191-196 18798873-0 2009 AtCIPK8, a CBL-interacting protein kinase, regulates the low-affinity phase of the primary nitrate response. Nitrates 91-98 Cbl proto-oncogene Homo sapiens 11-14 19075471-5 2008 Calibration graphs with linearity in the range of 0.7 - 40 muM were obtained for both nitrite and nitrate. Nitrates 98-105 latexin Homo sapiens 59-62 18798873-4 2009 In this study, a calcineurin B-like (CBL) -interacting protein kinase (CIPK) gene, CIPK8, was found to be involved in early nitrate signaling. Nitrates 124-131 Cbl proto-oncogene Homo sapiens 37-40 18798873-4 2009 In this study, a calcineurin B-like (CBL) -interacting protein kinase (CIPK) gene, CIPK8, was found to be involved in early nitrate signaling. Nitrates 124-131 CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 Arabidopsis thaliana 83-88 18798873-5 2009 CIPK8 expression was rapidly induced by nitrate. Nitrates 40-47 CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-5 18798873-6 2009 Analysis of two independent knockout mutants and a complemented line showed that CIPK8 positively regulates the nitrate-induced expression of primary nitrate response genes, including nitrate transporter genes and genes required for assimilation. Nitrates 112-119 CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 Arabidopsis thaliana 81-86 18798873-6 2009 Analysis of two independent knockout mutants and a complemented line showed that CIPK8 positively regulates the nitrate-induced expression of primary nitrate response genes, including nitrate transporter genes and genes required for assimilation. Nitrates 150-157 CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 Arabidopsis thaliana 81-86 18798873-8 2009 As cipk8 mutants were defective mainly in the low-affinity response, the high-affinity and low-affinity nitrate signaling systems are proposed to be genetically distinct, with CIPK8 involved in the low-affinity system. Nitrates 104-111 CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 Arabidopsis thaliana 3-8 18798873-9 2009 In addition, CIPK8 was found to be involved in long-term nitrate-modulated primary root growth and nitrate-modulated expression of a vacuolar malate transporter. Nitrates 57-64 CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-18 18798873-9 2009 In addition, CIPK8 was found to be involved in long-term nitrate-modulated primary root growth and nitrate-modulated expression of a vacuolar malate transporter. Nitrates 99-106 CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-18 18798873-10 2009 Taken together, our results indicate that CBL-CIPK networks are responsible not only for stress responses and potassium shortage, but also for nitrate sensing. Nitrates 143-150 Cbl proto-oncogene Homo sapiens 42-45 19759441-1 2009 During ultraviolet light (UV) disinfection, nitrate (NO3-) present in raw water may transform to nitrite (NO2-) that can cause serious human diseases. Nitrates 44-51 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 53-56 19759443-2 2009 Without catalysts and any additional buffer, the MFC produced electricity continuously and the power density reached 1.3 W/m3 at a loading rate of 1.6 kg COD/m3 d. Simultaneously, the COD and the nitrate removal rate were 1.4 kg COD/m3 d and 67 g NO3-N/m3 d, respectively. Nitrates 196-203 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 247-250 19759443-5 2009 At a high recirculation rate of 10 ml/min, the power density and the nitrate removal rate greatly increased to 34 W/m3 and 294 g NO3--N/m3 d, respectively. Nitrates 69-76 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 129-132 19053540-5 2008 In particular, phi for Ca(NO(3))(2) was found to have a maximum value of (7.8 +/- 0.1) x 10(-3) for nitrate ion solution concentrations near one molal, with the smallest quantum yield for the highest concentration solution above 14 m nitrate ion, phi = (2.3 +/- 2.0) x 10(-4). Nitrates 100-107 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 15-18 19053540-5 2008 In particular, phi for Ca(NO(3))(2) was found to have a maximum value of (7.8 +/- 0.1) x 10(-3) for nitrate ion solution concentrations near one molal, with the smallest quantum yield for the highest concentration solution above 14 m nitrate ion, phi = (2.3 +/- 2.0) x 10(-4). Nitrates 100-107 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 247-250 19053540-5 2008 In particular, phi for Ca(NO(3))(2) was found to have a maximum value of (7.8 +/- 0.1) x 10(-3) for nitrate ion solution concentrations near one molal, with the smallest quantum yield for the highest concentration solution above 14 m nitrate ion, phi = (2.3 +/- 2.0) x 10(-4). Nitrates 234-241 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 15-18 19053540-5 2008 In particular, phi for Ca(NO(3))(2) was found to have a maximum value of (7.8 +/- 0.1) x 10(-3) for nitrate ion solution concentrations near one molal, with the smallest quantum yield for the highest concentration solution above 14 m nitrate ion, phi = (2.3 +/- 2.0) x 10(-4). Nitrates 234-241 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 247-250 18993072-2 2008 The protein encoded by the Nce103 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a beta-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) designated as scCA, has been cloned, purified, characterized kinetically, and investigated for its inhibition with a series simple, inorganic anions such as halogenides, pseudohalogenides, bicarbonate, carbonate, nitrate, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, bisulfite, perchlorate, sulfate, and some of its isosteric species. Nitrates 324-331 carbonate dehydratase NCE103 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 27-33 19074184-0 2009 Nod factor/nitrate-induced CLE genes that drive HAR1-mediated systemic regulation of nodulation. Nitrates 11-18 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 48-52 19074184-8 2009 Based on these findings, we propose a simple model for AUT and nitrate inhibition of nodulation mediated by LjCLE-RS1, -RS2 peptides and the HAR1 receptor-like kinase. Nitrates 63-70 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 141-145 19053540-4 2008 In particular, the quantum yield (phi) of nitrite formation was measured and found to significantly decrease at high concentrations of nitrate for Ca(NO(3))(2). Nitrates 135-142 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 34-37 19189756-7 2008 Nitrate (NO3-) existed in both the PM2.5 and PM10-2.5. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 18653264-1 2008 Nitrate (NO3-) is often observed in surface waters draining terrestrial ecosystems that remain strongly nitrogen (N) limited. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 18786921-1 2008 Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) may be involved in the biotransformation of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), and the inactivation of ALDH2 by GTN may contribute to the phenomenon of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 101-108 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 38-43 18977227-2 2008 Here, three structural aspects of human-brain-type-creatine-kinase (hBB-CK) were identified by X-ray crystallography: the ligand-free-form at 2.2A; the ADP-Mg2+, nitrate, and creatine complex (transition-state-analogue complex; TSAC); and the ADP-Mg2+-complex at 2.0A. Nitrates 162-169 hemoglobin subunit beta Homo sapiens 68-71 19050168-0 2008 Characterization of the Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT1.6 reveals a role of nitrate in early embryo development. Nitrates 36-43 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 56-60 19050168-1 2008 This study of the Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate transporter NRT1.6 indicated that nitrate is important for early embryo development. Nitrates 39-46 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 59-63 19050168-3 2008 RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and beta-glucuronidase reporter gene analysis showed that expression of NRT1.6 is only detectable in reproductive tissue (the vascular tissue of the silique and funiculus) and that expression increases immediately after pollination, suggesting that NRT1.6 is involved in delivering nitrate from maternal tissue to the developing embryo. Nitrates 313-320 nitrate transporter 1.6 Arabidopsis thaliana 103-109 19050168-3 2008 RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and beta-glucuronidase reporter gene analysis showed that expression of NRT1.6 is only detectable in reproductive tissue (the vascular tissue of the silique and funiculus) and that expression increases immediately after pollination, suggesting that NRT1.6 is involved in delivering nitrate from maternal tissue to the developing embryo. Nitrates 313-320 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 103-107 19050168-4 2008 In nrt1.6 mutants, the amount of nitrate accumulated in mature seeds was reduced and the seed abortion rate increased. Nitrates 33-40 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 3-7 19050168-6 2008 The phenotype of the nrt1.6 mutants revealed a novel role of nitrate in early embryo development. Nitrates 61-68 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 21-25 18786921-1 2008 Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) may be involved in the biotransformation of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), and the inactivation of ALDH2 by GTN may contribute to the phenomenon of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 101-108 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 140-145 18786921-13 2008 These observations are consistent with a significant role for irreversible inactivation of ALDH2 in the development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 119-126 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 91-96 18201926-3 2008 Compared with other C atoms, the chemical shifts of both C-1 and C-5 atoms in these two types of glycosides decrease relatively rapidly as molality of calcium nitrate increases, indicating that the nitrate ion attractions for these glycosides cause a relatively strong enhancing shielding effect of C-1 and C-5 atoms. Nitrates 159-166 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C Homo sapiens 57-68 18713738-6 2008 We found that, under nitrogen limitation, Ynt1 phosphorylation is essential for rapid induction of nitrate assimilation genes. Nitrates 99-106 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 42-46 18074235-1 2008 We made an inventory of nitrate (NO3-N) enrichment in surface and groundwater systems in the Hooghly district of India owing to intensive farming with high fertilizer doses as a function of quantity of fertilizers use, soil characteristics, types of crop grown, depth of groundwater sampling and also N-load in soil profiles. Nitrates 24-31 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 33-36 18462937-3 2008 The use of an inoculum previously acclimated to high nitrate concentrations led to complete denitrification in 6h (denitrification rate: 22.8mg NO3- -N/gVSSh), using methanol as carbon source for a COD/N ratio of 4 and for a content of calcium in the wastewater of 150mg/L. Nitrates 53-60 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 144-147 18824664-6 2008 The cGMP agonists 8-bromo-cGMP and C-type natriuretic peptide also stimulated DDAH-2 gene and protein expression levels and DDAH activity and increased the amount of nitrite/nitrate released into the culture supernatants. Nitrates 174-181 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 35-61 19092986-12 2008 Contents of LTC(4) and nitrite/nitrate increased (p<0.01) after the low dose of TNF. Nitrates 31-38 tumor necrosis factor Bos taurus 83-86 18983076-1 2008 Nitrate (NO3) profiles in semiarid unsaturated zones archive land use change (LUC) impacts on nitrogen (N) cycling with implications for agricultural N management and groundwater quality. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 18701635-8 2008 Further analysis revealed that reduction of CBS activity during reperfusion was accompanied by an elevation of NO metabolites (nitrate and nitrite) in the kidney tissue. Nitrates 127-134 cystathionine beta synthase Rattus norvegicus 44-47 18155958-5 2008 RESULTS: In the exposed area, nitrate concentration was measured in 78 wells and ranged from 15.39 to 246.90mg/l as NO3-. Nitrates 30-37 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 116-119 18155958-10 2008 Mean MetHb was normal when the nitrate concentration in water was below 50mg/l as NO3-, and reached an abnormal level, when the nitrate concentration in water ranged between 50 and 90mg/l as NO3-. Nitrates 31-38 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 5-10 18155958-11 2008 This last level was statistically similar to mean MetHb at nitrate level above 90mg/l as NO3- (up to 246.9mg/l as NO3-). Nitrates 59-66 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 50-55 18155958-11 2008 This last level was statistically similar to mean MetHb at nitrate level above 90mg/l as NO3- (up to 246.9mg/l as NO3-). Nitrates 59-66 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 89-92 18501719-6 2008 Mice deficient in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS-/-) demonstrated decreased blood and tissue nitrite, nitrate, and nitroso proteins, which were further reduced by low-nitrite (NOx) diet for 1 week. Nitrates 111-118 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 18-51 18946854-3 2008 Recent research has demonstrated that highly reactive nitrates, such as nitroglycerin (or glyceryl trinitrate) and pentaerthrityl tetranitrate (PETN) are bioactivated by aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH-2), an enzyme located in mitochondria. Nitrates 54-62 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 170-194 18946854-3 2008 Recent research has demonstrated that highly reactive nitrates, such as nitroglycerin (or glyceryl trinitrate) and pentaerthrityl tetranitrate (PETN) are bioactivated by aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH-2), an enzyme located in mitochondria. Nitrates 54-62 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 196-202 18959330-7 2008 We found that the Upper Snake had surprisingly high biotic demand relative to smaller streams in the same river network for both ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-). Nitrates 149-156 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 158-161 18563586-1 2008 CHL1 (AtNRT1.1) is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter of Arabidopsis thaliana, in which phosphorylation at Thr 101 switches CHL1 from low to high nitrate affinity. Nitrates 35-42 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 18563586-1 2008 CHL1 (AtNRT1.1) is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter of Arabidopsis thaliana, in which phosphorylation at Thr 101 switches CHL1 from low to high nitrate affinity. Nitrates 35-42 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 6-14 18563586-1 2008 CHL1 (AtNRT1.1) is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter of Arabidopsis thaliana, in which phosphorylation at Thr 101 switches CHL1 from low to high nitrate affinity. Nitrates 35-42 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 125-129 18563586-2 2008 CHL1 expressed in a Hansenula polymorpha high-affinity nitrate-transporter deficient mutant (Deltaynt1) restores nitrate uptake and growth. Nitrates 55-62 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 0-4 18563586-3 2008 These events take place at nitrate concentrations as low as 500 microM, suggesting that CHL1 has a high-affinity for nitrate in yeast. Nitrates 27-34 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 88-92 18563586-3 2008 These events take place at nitrate concentrations as low as 500 microM, suggesting that CHL1 has a high-affinity for nitrate in yeast. Nitrates 117-124 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 88-92 18563586-4 2008 Accordingly, CHL1 expressed in H. polymorpha presents a K(m) for nitrate of about 125 microM. Nitrates 65-72 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 13-17 18563586-5 2008 The absence of nitrate, the CHL1 gene inducer, showed the high turnover rate of CHL1 expressed in yeast, which is counteracted by nitrate CHL1 induction. Nitrates 15-22 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 28-32 18563586-5 2008 The absence of nitrate, the CHL1 gene inducer, showed the high turnover rate of CHL1 expressed in yeast, which is counteracted by nitrate CHL1 induction. Nitrates 15-22 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 80-84 18563586-5 2008 The absence of nitrate, the CHL1 gene inducer, showed the high turnover rate of CHL1 expressed in yeast, which is counteracted by nitrate CHL1 induction. Nitrates 15-22 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 80-84 18563586-5 2008 The absence of nitrate, the CHL1 gene inducer, showed the high turnover rate of CHL1 expressed in yeast, which is counteracted by nitrate CHL1 induction. Nitrates 130-137 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 28-32 18563586-5 2008 The absence of nitrate, the CHL1 gene inducer, showed the high turnover rate of CHL1 expressed in yeast, which is counteracted by nitrate CHL1 induction. Nitrates 130-137 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 80-84 18563586-5 2008 The absence of nitrate, the CHL1 gene inducer, showed the high turnover rate of CHL1 expressed in yeast, which is counteracted by nitrate CHL1 induction. Nitrates 130-137 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 80-84 18563586-7 2008 Given that CHL1 presented high affinity by nitrate, we study the role of CHL1 Thr101 in yeast. Nitrates 43-50 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 11-15 18563586-9 2008 Yeast strains expressing CHL1Thr101Ala, CHL1Thr101Asp and CHL1 at the same rate showed that Deltaynt1CHL1Thr101Ala is strikingly unable to transport nitrate and contains a very low amount of CHL1 protein; however, Deltaynt1CHL1Thr101Asp restores nitrate uptake and growth, although no significant changes in nitrate affinity were observed. Nitrates 246-253 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 25-29 18563586-9 2008 Yeast strains expressing CHL1Thr101Ala, CHL1Thr101Asp and CHL1 at the same rate showed that Deltaynt1CHL1Thr101Ala is strikingly unable to transport nitrate and contains a very low amount of CHL1 protein; however, Deltaynt1CHL1Thr101Asp restores nitrate uptake and growth, although no significant changes in nitrate affinity were observed. Nitrates 246-253 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 25-29 18563586-11 2008 The functional expression of CHL1 in H. polymorpha reveals that this yeast is a suitable tool for evaluating the real nitrate transport capacity of plant putative nitrate transporters belonging to different families and study their regulation and structure function relationship. Nitrates 118-125 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 29-33 18563586-11 2008 The functional expression of CHL1 in H. polymorpha reveals that this yeast is a suitable tool for evaluating the real nitrate transport capacity of plant putative nitrate transporters belonging to different families and study their regulation and structure function relationship. Nitrates 163-170 DNA helicase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 29-33 18394025-9 2008 RESULTS: Despite similar infarct size, deficiency in iNOS resulted in significantly lower plasma nitrate/nitrite levels, better haemodynamic performance and lower mortality 2 weeks after coronary ligation. Nitrates 97-104 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 53-57 18800519-1 2008 In the Rocky Mountains, there is uncertainty about the source areas and emission types that contribute to nitrate (NO3) deposition, which can adversely affect sensitive aquatic habitats of high-elevation watersheds. Nitrates 106-113 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 115-118 18780802-0 2008 Mutation of the Arabidopsis NRT1.5 nitrate transporter causes defective root-to-shoot nitrate transport. Nitrates 35-42 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 28-32 18780802-2 2008 NRT1.5 is one of the 53 Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate transporter NRT1 (Peptide Transporter PTR) genes, of which two members, NRT1.1 (CHL1 for Chlorate resistant 1) and NRT1.2, have been shown to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 18780802-2 2008 NRT1.5 is one of the 53 Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate transporter NRT1 (Peptide Transporter PTR) genes, of which two members, NRT1.1 (CHL1 for Chlorate resistant 1) and NRT1.2, have been shown to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 65-69 18780802-2 2008 NRT1.5 is one of the 53 Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate transporter NRT1 (Peptide Transporter PTR) genes, of which two members, NRT1.1 (CHL1 for Chlorate resistant 1) and NRT1.2, have been shown to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 125-131 18780802-2 2008 NRT1.5 is one of the 53 Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate transporter NRT1 (Peptide Transporter PTR) genes, of which two members, NRT1.1 (CHL1 for Chlorate resistant 1) and NRT1.2, have been shown to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 133-137 18780802-2 2008 NRT1.5 is one of the 53 Arabidopsis thaliana nitrate transporter NRT1 (Peptide Transporter PTR) genes, of which two members, NRT1.1 (CHL1 for Chlorate resistant 1) and NRT1.2, have been shown to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate transporter 1:2 Arabidopsis thaliana 168-174 18780802-5 2008 Knockdown or knockout mutations of NRT1.5 reduced the amount of nitrate transported from the root to the shoot, suggesting that NRT1.5 participates in root xylem loading of nitrate. Nitrates 64-71 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 35-39 18780802-5 2008 Knockdown or knockout mutations of NRT1.5 reduced the amount of nitrate transported from the root to the shoot, suggesting that NRT1.5 participates in root xylem loading of nitrate. Nitrates 64-71 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 128-132 18780802-5 2008 Knockdown or knockout mutations of NRT1.5 reduced the amount of nitrate transported from the root to the shoot, suggesting that NRT1.5 participates in root xylem loading of nitrate. Nitrates 173-180 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 35-39 18780802-5 2008 Knockdown or knockout mutations of NRT1.5 reduced the amount of nitrate transported from the root to the shoot, suggesting that NRT1.5 participates in root xylem loading of nitrate. Nitrates 173-180 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 128-132 18780802-7 2008 These data suggest that, in addition to that involving NRT1.5, another mechanism is responsible for xylem loading of nitrate. Nitrates 117-124 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 55-59 18780802-8 2008 Further analyses of the nrt1.5 mutants revealed a regulatory loop between nitrate and potassium at the xylem transport step. Nitrates 74-81 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 24-28 18956101-6 2008 Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations show that as the Cl- : NO3- ratio increases, the nitrate ions are drawn closer to the interface due to the existence of a double layer of interfacial Cl- and subsurface Na+. Nitrates 85-92 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 59-62 18572022-6 2008 Both LPS and IFN-gamma induce iNOS with generation of nitrate up to 9 muM in the media after a 24-h stimulation, while native RAW 264.7 macrophages neither express iNOS nor generate nitrate. Nitrates 54-61 interferon regulatory factor 6 Homo sapiens 5-8 18572022-6 2008 Both LPS and IFN-gamma induce iNOS with generation of nitrate up to 9 muM in the media after a 24-h stimulation, while native RAW 264.7 macrophages neither express iNOS nor generate nitrate. Nitrates 54-61 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 13-22 18572022-6 2008 Both LPS and IFN-gamma induce iNOS with generation of nitrate up to 9 muM in the media after a 24-h stimulation, while native RAW 264.7 macrophages neither express iNOS nor generate nitrate. Nitrates 54-61 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-34 18572022-6 2008 Both LPS and IFN-gamma induce iNOS with generation of nitrate up to 9 muM in the media after a 24-h stimulation, while native RAW 264.7 macrophages neither express iNOS nor generate nitrate. Nitrates 182-189 interferon regulatory factor 6 Homo sapiens 5-8 18572022-6 2008 Both LPS and IFN-gamma induce iNOS with generation of nitrate up to 9 muM in the media after a 24-h stimulation, while native RAW 264.7 macrophages neither express iNOS nor generate nitrate. Nitrates 182-189 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 13-22 18522491-3 2008 Nitrate tolerance was induced by nitroglycerin infusion in male Wistar rats (100 microg/h/4 day) and in C57/Bl6, p47(phox/) and gp91(phox/) mice (50 microg/h/4 day). Nitrates 0-7 NSFL1 cofactor Rattus norvegicus 113-116 18685092-5 2008 Cardiac-specific eNOS overexpression resulted in significant increases in nitrite, nitrate, and nitrosothiols in the heart, plasma, and liver. Nitrates 83-90 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 17-21 18417639-3 2008 In a screen for genes whose expression was altered in response to the induction of AP3 activity, we identified GNC (GATA, nitrate-inducible, carbon-metabolism-involved) as being negatively regulated by AP3 and PI. Nitrates 122-129 K-box region and MADS-box transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 83-86 17462814-3 2008 The methodology is demonstrated by applying it separately to a set of general water quality indicators (total suspended solids, biochemical and chemical oxygen demand, nitrates, phosphates and faecal coliforms) to produce a ranked list of BMP pollutant removal efficiencies. Nitrates 168-176 bone morphogenetic protein 1 Homo sapiens 239-242 18384503-4 2008 The subsequent return to a complete medium (containing nitrate) restored expression of all three AS genes. Nitrates 55-62 asparagine synthetase Glycine max 97-99 18384503-9 2008 It is concluded that nitrate (or one of its assimilatory products) leads to the induction of AS in roots of soybean and that this underlies the variations found in xylem sap Asn/Asp ratios. Nitrates 21-28 asparagine synthetase Glycine max 93-95 18594707-2 2008 Among two series of Ln(III) nitrate complexes (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb or Dy) which have been characterized by elemental analyses, XRD, TGA and IR spectra, three new coordination polymers have been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Nitrates 28-35 T-box transcription factor 1 Homo sapiens 140-143 18557906-1 2008 A full-length cDNA encoding a putative high-affinity nitrate transporter (ZmNrt2.2) from maize was isolated and characterised, together with another previously identified transporter (ZmNrt2.1), in terms of phylogenesis, protein structure prediction and regulation of transcript accumulation in response to nitrate and sugar availability. Nitrates 53-60 putative high affinity nitrate transporter Zea mays 74-82 18557906-3 2008 Data obtained suggested similar genetic evolution and identical transmembrane structure prediction between the two deduced proteins, and differences in both regulation of their expression and mRNA localisation in response to nitrate, leading us to hypothesise a principal role for ZmNRT2.1 in the influx activity and the major involvement of ZmNRT2.2 in the xylem loading process. Nitrates 225-232 nitrate transport 2 Zea mays 281-289 18557906-4 2008 Our data suggest opposing sugar regulation by ZmNrt2.1 and ZmNrt2.2 transcription in the presence or absence of nitrate and the existence of both hexokinase-dependent and hexokinase-independent transduction mechanisms for the regulation of ZmNrt2.1 and ZmNrt2.2 expression by sugars. Nitrates 112-119 nitrate transport 2 Zea mays 46-54 18557906-4 2008 Our data suggest opposing sugar regulation by ZmNrt2.1 and ZmNrt2.2 transcription in the presence or absence of nitrate and the existence of both hexokinase-dependent and hexokinase-independent transduction mechanisms for the regulation of ZmNrt2.1 and ZmNrt2.2 expression by sugars. Nitrates 112-119 putative high affinity nitrate transporter Zea mays 59-67 18499297-9 2008 Dissolved RDX samples were degraded in the laboratory and results showed that all reproduced degradation processes released nitrate with a strong fractionation. Nitrates 124-131 radixin Homo sapiens 10-13 18499297-10 2008 Laboratory isotopic values for RDX-derived NO(3)(-) produced a trend of high delta(18)O-low delta(15)N to low delta(18)O-high delta(15)N, and groundwater samples with nitrate concentrations above the expected background level appeared along this trend. Nitrates 167-174 radixin Homo sapiens 31-34 18499297-11 2008 Our results thus point toward a characteristic field of isotopic ratios for nitrate being derived from the degradation of RDX. Nitrates 76-83 radixin Homo sapiens 122-125 18367148-10 2008 RESULTS: APC treatment significantly reduced activities of oxidative enzymes and nitrate/nitrite levels in the lung tissues, and plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines and D-dimer, and also significantly increased activities of antioxidative enzymes (P < .05). Nitrates 81-88 APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway Rattus norvegicus 9-12 18702296-4 2008 Nitrate and organic matter expressed as dissolved organic carbon were 50 mgl(-1) and 20 mgl(-1), respectively, in the inlet. Nitrates 0-7 LLGL scribble cell polarity complex component 1 Homo sapiens 73-79 18702296-4 2008 Nitrate and organic matter expressed as dissolved organic carbon were 50 mgl(-1) and 20 mgl(-1), respectively, in the inlet. Nitrates 0-7 LLGL scribble cell polarity complex component 1 Homo sapiens 88-94 18455513-7 2008 RESULTS: We found significant negative correlations between pro-MMP-9 levels and plasma nitrite (P=0.035, rs= -0.159), nitrate (P=0.040, rs= -0.158), and cGMP (P=0.011, rs= -0.189) concentrations. Nitrates 119-126 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 64-69 32688789-5 2008 Transcript levels of NR (nitrate reductase) and its cofactor binding domain genes FAD (FAD binding) and CYP51G1 (Heme binding), the activity of nitrate reductase (NR, EC 1.6.6.1) and the nitrate reduction process were each greatly enhanced by Put application, particularly in roots exposed to hypoxia. Nitrates 25-32 nitrate reductase [NADH]-like Cucumis sativus 21-23 32688789-8 2008 These results suggest that Put enhances tolerance to hypoxia by increasing the transcript levels of NR and its cofactor binding domain genes, thereby stimulating the activities of NR and nitrate reduction to maintain the redox and energy status. Nitrates 187-194 nitrate reductase [NADH]-like Cucumis sativus 100-102 18266918-0 2008 Nitrate signalling mediated by the NRT1.1 nitrate transporter antagonises L-glutamate-induced changes in root architecture. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 35-41 18417639-3 2008 In a screen for genes whose expression was altered in response to the induction of AP3 activity, we identified GNC (GATA, nitrate-inducible, carbon-metabolism-involved) as being negatively regulated by AP3 and PI. Nitrates 122-129 GATA type zinc finger transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 116-120 18417639-3 2008 In a screen for genes whose expression was altered in response to the induction of AP3 activity, we identified GNC (GATA, nitrate-inducible, carbon-metabolism-involved) as being negatively regulated by AP3 and PI. Nitrates 122-129 K-box region and MADS-box transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 202-205 18546685-1 2008 Aerobic conditions in desert aquifers commonly allow high nitrate (NO3-) concentrations in recharge to persist for long periods of time, an important consideration for N-cycling and water quality. Nitrates 58-65 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 67-70 18483281-2 2008 Similar to estradiol, treatment of MCF-7 cells with either 1 mumol/L nitrite or 1 mumol/L nitrate resulted in approximately 4-fold increase in cell growth and 2.3-fold to 3-fold increase in progesterone receptor (PgR), pS2, and cathepsin D mRNAs that were blocked by the antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Nitrates 90-97 progesterone receptor Homo sapiens 190-211 18483281-2 2008 Similar to estradiol, treatment of MCF-7 cells with either 1 mumol/L nitrite or 1 mumol/L nitrate resulted in approximately 4-fold increase in cell growth and 2.3-fold to 3-fold increase in progesterone receptor (PgR), pS2, and cathepsin D mRNAs that were blocked by the antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Nitrates 90-97 progesterone receptor Homo sapiens 213-216 18483281-2 2008 Similar to estradiol, treatment of MCF-7 cells with either 1 mumol/L nitrite or 1 mumol/L nitrate resulted in approximately 4-fold increase in cell growth and 2.3-fold to 3-fold increase in progesterone receptor (PgR), pS2, and cathepsin D mRNAs that were blocked by the antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Nitrates 90-97 trefoil factor 1 Homo sapiens 219-222 18453433-1 2008 Physical, chemical, hydrologic, and biologic factors affecting nitrate (NO3(-)) removal were evaluated in three agricultural streams draining orchard/dairy and row crop settings. Nitrates 63-70 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 72-75 18483281-2 2008 Similar to estradiol, treatment of MCF-7 cells with either 1 mumol/L nitrite or 1 mumol/L nitrate resulted in approximately 4-fold increase in cell growth and 2.3-fold to 3-fold increase in progesterone receptor (PgR), pS2, and cathepsin D mRNAs that were blocked by the antiestrogen ICI 182,780. Nitrates 90-97 cathepsin D Homo sapiens 228-239 18483281-5 2008 The ability of diphenyleneiodonium to block the effects of nitrate, but not nitrite, on the induction of PgR mRNA and the activation of exogenously expressed ERalpha suggests that nitrite is the active anion. Nitrates 59-66 progesterone receptor Homo sapiens 105-108 18483281-5 2008 The ability of diphenyleneiodonium to block the effects of nitrate, but not nitrite, on the induction of PgR mRNA and the activation of exogenously expressed ERalpha suggests that nitrite is the active anion. Nitrates 59-66 estrogen receptor 1 Homo sapiens 158-165 18453433-9 2008 Nitrate retention as a percentage of gross NO3(-) inputs was >30% in an organic-poor, autotrophic stream with the lowest denitrification potentials and highest benthic chlorophyll a, photosynthesis/respiration ratio, pH, dissolved oxygen, and diurnal NO3(-) variation. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 43-46 18453433-9 2008 Nitrate retention as a percentage of gross NO3(-) inputs was >30% in an organic-poor, autotrophic stream with the lowest denitrification potentials and highest benthic chlorophyll a, photosynthesis/respiration ratio, pH, dissolved oxygen, and diurnal NO3(-) variation. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 254-257 18329686-3 2008 Elevated nutrients were found in all wells where significant concentrations of both tracers were observed, with the mean of the highest nitrate (NO3) concentration observed at each well being 47.8+/-14.9 (n=11) mg/L NO3-N. Nitrates 136-143 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 145-148 18713378-4 2008 The present study identified four putative NRT2 and two putative NAR2 genes that encode components of the high-affinity nitrate transport system (HATS) in the rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. Nitrates 120-127 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 43-47 18655580-2 2008 On the 7th day under nitrate stress, the shoot fresh mass per plant decreased by 12.77 g, leaf SOD, POD and CAT activities increased, while leaf APX, DHAR and GR activities decreased significantly, compared with the control. Nitrates 21-28 catalase isozyme 1 Cucumis sativus 108-111 18213641-9 2008 Exposure to arsenic compounds, chlorophenols, diesel fuel, herbicides, nitrites/nitrates/nitrosamines, and organic dusts were associated with NHL(high) and NHL(low), while exhibiting little association with CLL. Nitrates 80-88 regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 Homo sapiens 142-145 18326829-8 2008 The hot5 null alleles show increased nitrate and nitroso species levels, and the heat sensitivity of both missense and null alleles is associated with increased NO species. Nitrates 37-44 GroES-like zinc-binding dehydrogenase family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 4-8 17923423-5 2008 RESULTS: TNF-alpha and IL-1beta treatment caused a 3-5 fold increase in sGAG release with an increase in aggrecanase-specific aggrecan breakdown and an increase in nitrate and nitrite production. Nitrates 164-171 tumor necrosis factor Bos taurus 9-18 17923423-5 2008 RESULTS: TNF-alpha and IL-1beta treatment caused a 3-5 fold increase in sGAG release with an increase in aggrecanase-specific aggrecan breakdown and an increase in nitrate and nitrite production. Nitrates 164-171 interleukin 1 beta Bos taurus 23-31 18284212-5 2008 Of the anions studied, particularly intriguing in terms of observed trends in substrate kinetics and their novel atomic compositions were the nitrite, nitrate, and azide anions, the latter of which was found to enhance the relative activity of human pancreatic alpha-amylase by nearly 5-fold. Nitrates 151-158 amylase alpha 2A Homo sapiens 250-274 18714730-7 2008 Pre-block of ACE by captopril intensified diuresis and inhibited renal excretion of OAS, nitrites and nitrates in response to T4 injection. Nitrates 102-110 angiotensin I converting enzyme Rattus norvegicus 13-16 18158911-5 2008 Nitric oxide has been reported to react easily with oxygen captured in hemoglobin to form nitrate, but not toxic free radicals, which may result in production of methemoglobin for the cytochrome b5 to regenerate functional ferrous hemoglobin. Nitrates 90-97 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 162-175 18164678-2 2008 Electron density maps obtained from crystals grown in presence of Al(NO3)3 show a nitrate ion instead of the expected AlF4- in the catalytic site. Nitrates 82-89 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 69-72 18266427-0 2008 High field 207Pb spin-lattice relaxation in solid lead nitrate and lead molybdate. Nitrates 55-62 spindlin 1 Homo sapiens 17-21 18341112-6 2008 Seasonal variation in TOC was mainly climatically controlled, whereas deposition of sulfate and nitrate (NO3) explained the long-term TOC increase. Nitrates 96-103 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 105-108 18341114-5 2008 For nitrate (NO3) and ammonium in runoff, the reverse is true. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 13-16 18341115-3 2008 Increased soil temperatures during winter increased the springtime concentrations and fluxes of ammonium (NH4) and nitrate (NO3) in runoff. Nitrates 115-122 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 124-127 18341119-1 2008 The mass transport model TEOTIL was used to project nitrate (NO3) fluxes from the Tovdal River basin, southernmost Norway, given four scenarios of climate change. Nitrates 52-59 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 61-64 18061242-4 2008 It is further demonstrated that reactions in/on sea-spray affect the entire particle ensemble and particularly the size distribution of particle nitrate, but that the importance of these heterogeneous reactions is critically dependent on both the initial vertical profile of sea spray and the sea-spray source functions. Nitrates 145-152 S13 erythroblastosis (avian) oncogene homolog Homo sapiens 48-51 18164136-6 2008 Furthermore, at 4 weeks, the nNOS protein content and NO production as reflected by the concentration of nitrite and nitrate were drastically elevated as measured by Western blot analysis and NO colorimetric assay, respectively. Nitrates 117-124 nitric oxide synthase, brain Cavia porcellus 29-33 18199125-2 2008 This process is carried out by two heterotetrameric enzymes that catalyse the oxidation of NADH (Nrc) and the reduction of nitrate (Nar), whose expression is activated by the NCE-encoded transcription factors DnrS and DnrT. Nitrates 123-130 nuclear receptor coactivator 6 Homo sapiens 97-100 18037907-9 2008 CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Nitrate tolerance induced by NTG at low concentrations may result from an increased production of reactive oxygen species acting on sites upstream of PKG. Nitrates 30-37 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 180-183 18157715-1 2008 This article presents the results of mass concentration of major acidic anions (chlorides, nitrates and sulphates) in TSP and PM(10) particle fraction in Zagreb air measured continuously at one measuring site in 2004. Nitrates 91-99 thrombospondin 1 Homo sapiens 118-121 18199125-4 2008 We encountered that nrc mutants of denitrifying strains show a decrease in anaerobic growth rates not only with nitrate, but also with nitrite, NO and N(2)O, which is concomitant to their lower NADH oxidation activities in vitro. Nitrates 112-119 nuclear receptor coactivator 6 Homo sapiens 20-23 18199125-5 2008 We show that nitrate, nitrite and NO are activating signals for transcription of nrc in these strains. Nitrates 13-20 nuclear receptor coactivator 6 Homo sapiens 81-84 18006476-5 2008 METHODS AND RESULTS: Treatment of vascular EC with a FXR ligand resulted in upregulation of expression of eNOS mRNA and protein and an increased production of nitrite/nitrate. Nitrates 167-174 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 4 Rattus norvegicus 53-56 18817197-6 2008 Chloride (Cl) and nitrate (NO3) concentrations were higher than the permissible limits according to World Health Organization Standards. Nitrates 18-25 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 27-30 17938848-3 2008 Recent studies revealed that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and a subsequent oxidative inactivation of nitrate reductase, the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2), play an important role for the development of nitrate and crosstolerance. Nitrates 126-133 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 187-193 17938848-4 2008 The present review focuses firstly on the role of ALDH-2 for organic nitrate bioactivation and secondly on the role of oxidative stress in the development of tolerance and cross-tolerance (endothelial dysfunction) in response to various organic nitrates. Nitrates 69-76 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 50-56 18267946-0 2008 Senescence-induced ectopic expression of the A. tumefaciens ipt gene in wheat delays leaf senescence, increases cytokinin content, nitrate influx, and nitrate reductase activity, but does not affect grain yield. Nitrates 131-138 Ipt Agrobacterium tumefaciens 60-63 19213313-1 2008 The interactions of nitrate with Cu(100) and Cu(111) in acidic solution are studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and in situ electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM). Nitrates 20-27 sulfotransferase family 1A member 3 Homo sapiens 173-176 18181234-2 2008 The method is composed of the traditional oxidation/reduction methods, such as the oxidation of PON to nitrate (NO3*) using persulfate, the reduction of NO3* to nitrite (NO2*) using spongy cadmium, and further reduction of NO2* to nitrous oxide (N2O) using sodium azide. Nitrates 103-110 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 112-115 18078452-5 2008 Treatment with LPS/IFN-gamma for 24 hr elicited the induction of inducible (iNOS) activity as determined by nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)) accumulation in the culture medium. Nitrates 120-127 interferon gamma Rattus norvegicus 19-28 18078452-5 2008 Treatment with LPS/IFN-gamma for 24 hr elicited the induction of inducible (iNOS) activity as determined by nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)) accumulation in the culture medium. Nitrates 120-127 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 76-80 22062097-5 2008 Nitrite added to a batter of meat is partially oxidized to nitrate by sequestering oxygen - thus it acts as an antioxidant - a part of nitrite is bound to myoglobin, forming the heat stable NO-myoglobin, a part is bound to proteins or other substances in meat. Nitrates 59-66 myoglobin Homo sapiens 193-202 17492487-1 2007 Water with high nitrate concentration (NO(3) (-)) is unfit for human consumption, especially when its concentration exceeded the threshold limit (50 mg/l) recommended by the health authorities such as the World Health Organization (WHO). Nitrates 16-23 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 39-44 18077439-7 2007 Molybdate uptake mediated by MOT1 showed a K(m) of approximately 6 nM, which is the range of the lowest K(m) values reported and was activated in the presence of nitrate. Nitrates 162-169 DNA-binding ATPase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 29-33 18441434-0 2008 Effect of nitrate on the reduction of Reactive Red 2 by mesophilic anaerobic sludge. Nitrates 10-17 adenosine deaminase RNA specific B2 (inactive) Homo sapiens 47-52 18213972-1 2007 A century-long increase in nitrate (NO3-) in the water column of Lake Superior is a classic example of recent nitrogen accumulation in ecosystems, but its cause and relationship to historical NO3- deposition is unknown. Nitrates 27-34 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 36-39 18041625-5 2007 Anthropogenic impact was detected only in a tributary stream of the River Sava, which is located in an agriculture-industrial area and is reflected in higher delta(15)N values in suspended matter and high nitrate concentrations in the late summer season. Nitrates 205-212 T-box transcription factor T Homo sapiens 74-78 17555556-6 2007 Motoneuron survival was inversely correlated with nitrate + nitrite concentrations in mSOD1(G93A) co-cultures, suggesting the important role of nitric oxide in microglia-induced motoneuron injury. Nitrates 50-57 superoxide dismutase 1, soluble Mus musculus 86-91 17898699-4 2007 Repeated intravenous doses of cationized catalase significantly decreased cisplatin-induced changes in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, nitrite/nitrate levels, lactic dehydrogenase activity, and renal total glutathione and malondialdehyde contents. Nitrates 150-157 catalase Mus musculus 41-49 18044493-5 2007 For an average fertilizer application rate of 90 kg of N/ha, the simulated nitrate concentration on Oct 1 within the top 1 m of soil is 33 mg of N/kg, while the residual soil nitrate measured in late September was 37 mg of N/kg. Nitrates 75-82 solute carrier family 22 member 1 Homo sapiens 100-105 18024571-0 2007 Nitrate signaling by the regulatory gene NIT2 in Chlamydomonas. Nitrates 0-7 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 41-45 18024571-3 2007 Each of these 10 lines was mutated in the nitrate assimilation-specific regulatory gene NIT2. Nitrates 42-49 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 88-92 18024571-6 2007 NIT2 expression is negatively regulated by ammonium and is optimal in N-free medium with no need for the presence of nitrate. Nitrates 117-124 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 0-4 18024571-7 2007 However, intracellular nitrate is required to allow Nit2 to activate the NIA1 promoter activity. Nitrates 23-30 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 52-56 18024571-9 2007 Our data indicate that NIT2 is a central regulatory gene required for nitrate signaling on the Chlamydomonas NIA1 gene promoter and that intracellular nitrate is needed for NIT2 function and to modulate NIA1 transcript levels. Nitrates 70-77 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 23-27 18024571-9 2007 Our data indicate that NIT2 is a central regulatory gene required for nitrate signaling on the Chlamydomonas NIA1 gene promoter and that intracellular nitrate is needed for NIT2 function and to modulate NIA1 transcript levels. Nitrates 151-158 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 173-177 17709521-8 2007 The NOS2 genotype observed in healthy controls was correlated with an increase in NOS2 expression and higher concentrations of nitrate and nitrite in control serum. Nitrates 127-134 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-8 17958340-1 2007 The photolysis wavelength dependence of the nitrate radical quantum yield for peroxyacetyl nitrate (CH(3)C(O)OONO(2), PAN) is investigated. Nitrates 44-51 adenosine deaminase 2 Homo sapiens 118-121 17958340-3 2007 We find the nitrate radical quantum yield from PAN photolysis to be essentially invariant; Phi(NO3)(PAN) = 0.30 +/- 0.07 (+/-2sigma) in this region. Nitrates 12-19 adenosine deaminase 2 Homo sapiens 47-50 18852825-0 2007 Structural and Physical Characterization of (Nitrato)iron(III) Porphyrinates [Fe(por)(NO(3))] - Variable Coordination of Nitrate. Nitrates 121-128 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Homo sapiens 81-84 17672841-5 2007 Expression of the AtDUR3 gene in nitrogen-deficient roots was repressed by ammonium and nitrate but induced after supply of urea. Nitrates 88-95 urea-proton symporter DEGRADATION OF UREA 3 (DUR3) Arabidopsis thaliana 18-24 17585900-9 2007 The present results suggest that nitrate tolerance is, at least partially, associated with a decrease in endogenous CGRP release via a decrease in ALDH-2 activity as a result of stimulation of reactive oxygen species production. Nitrates 33-40 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 116-120 17585900-9 2007 The present results suggest that nitrate tolerance is, at least partially, associated with a decrease in endogenous CGRP release via a decrease in ALDH-2 activity as a result of stimulation of reactive oxygen species production. Nitrates 33-40 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 147-153 17948780-1 2007 We used the dual isotope approach to identify sources of nitrate (NO3-) to two mixed land-use watersheds draining to Long Island Sound. Nitrates 57-64 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 66-69 17766834-8 2007 The timing of P release was inversely related to the nitrate (NO3-) concentration in floodwater. Nitrates 53-60 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 62-65 17611046-1 2007 Escherichia coli flavohaemoglobin (Hmp) is the best-understood nitric oxide (NO) detoxifying protein and exhibits a robust dioxygenase activity, converting NO to nitrate ion with oxygen as co-substrate. Nitrates 162-169 inner membrane mitochondrial protein Homo sapiens 35-38 17655297-1 2007 Nitrate adsorption and reduction on Cu(100) in acidic solution is studied by electrochemical methods, in situ electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM), surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Nitrates 0-7 sulfotransferase family 1A member 3 Homo sapiens 160-163 17655297-2 2007 Electrochemical results show that reduction of nitrate starts at -0.3 V vs Ag/AgCl and reaches maximum value at -0.58 V. Over the entire potential region interrogated adlayers composed of nitrate, nitrite, or other intermediates are observed by using in situ STM. Nitrates 47-54 sulfotransferase family 1A member 3 Homo sapiens 259-262 17541025-8 2007 CONCLUSIONS: HO-1 expression and activity appear to play a key role in the development of nitrate tolerance and might represent an intrinsic antioxidative mechanism of therapeutic interest. Nitrates 90-97 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 13-17 17573350-0 2007 Regulation of root nitrate uptake at the NRT2.1 protein level in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrates 19-26 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 41-47 17573350-1 2007 In Arabidopsis the NRT2.1 gene encodes a main component of the root high-affinity nitrate uptake system (HATS). Nitrates 82-89 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 19-25 17541025-0 2007 Heme oxygenase-1: a novel key player in the development of tolerance in response to organic nitrates. Nitrates 92-100 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-16 17722702-5 2007 In the presence of high levels of nitrate or ammonium, the NIN gene fails to be induced 24 h after the addition of Nod factor compared with plants grown under N-free conditions. Nitrates 34-41 nin Lotus japonicus 59-62 17541025-1 2007 OBJECTIVE: Nitrate tolerance is likely attributable to an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to an inhibition of the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2), representing the nitroglycerin (GTN) and pentaerythrityl tetranitrate (PETN) bioactivating enzyme, and to impaired nitric oxide bioactivity and signaling. Nitrates 11-18 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Rattus norvegicus 144-180 17541025-1 2007 OBJECTIVE: Nitrate tolerance is likely attributable to an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to an inhibition of the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2), representing the nitroglycerin (GTN) and pentaerythrityl tetranitrate (PETN) bioactivating enzyme, and to impaired nitric oxide bioactivity and signaling. Nitrates 11-18 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Rattus norvegicus 182-188 17559573-2 2007 Extracts of maltose/yeast extract/nitrate-grown cells contained all enzyme activities of a modified Embden-Meyerhof (EM) pathway, including ATP-dependent glucokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, fructose-1,6-phosphate aldolase, triose-phosphate isomerase, GAPOR, phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase and pyruvate kinase. Nitrates 34-41 phosphoglycerate mutase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 298-321 17526746-6 2007 Interestingly, the membrane nitrate reductase mutant was avirulent in C. elegans, while nitrate sensor-response regulator mutants were fully virulent. Nitrates 28-35 reductase Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 36-45 17722702-6 2007 This induction is restored in the hypernodulating nitrate-tolerant har1-3 mutant only in the presence of 10 and 20 mM KNO3. Nitrates 50-57 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 67-71 17722702-8 2007 NIN plays a key role in the nodule organogenesis program and its downregulation may represent a crucial event in the nitrate-dependent pathway leading to the inhibition of nodule organogenesis. Nitrates 117-124 nin Lotus japonicus 0-3 17571880-3 2007 A second, and sometimes third, oxidation peak was also observed when the anodic limit was extended, and these were provisionally assigned to the oxidation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrate (NO3-), respectively. Nitrates 185-192 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 194-197 17606840-10 2007 The effects of eNOS-derived NO are reproduced by exogenous NO (NO donors), implying that nitrates can upregulate cardiac cyclooxygenase-2. Nitrates 89-97 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 15-19 17606840-10 2007 The effects of eNOS-derived NO are reproduced by exogenous NO (NO donors), implying that nitrates can upregulate cardiac cyclooxygenase-2. Nitrates 89-97 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Mus musculus 121-137 17622411-5 2007 On the average, the dissociated nitrate interacts with 2 to 4 cs3 molecules, whereas the associated nitrate (LCs(+)NO(3)(-) complex) interacts with one cs3 dimer. Nitrates 32-39 myozenin 3 Homo sapiens 62-65 17622411-5 2007 On the average, the dissociated nitrate interacts with 2 to 4 cs3 molecules, whereas the associated nitrate (LCs(+)NO(3)(-) complex) interacts with one cs3 dimer. Nitrates 100-107 myozenin 3 Homo sapiens 152-155 17559208-3 2007 Three novel crystal structures and FT-IR spectra of metal nitrate-galactitol complexes of La(NO3)3.C6H14O6. Nitrates 58-65 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 93-96 19704673-3 2007 Using heterologous expression in yeast and oocytes we showed that the two Arabidopsis AtNRT2.1 and AtNAR2.1 proteins interacted to give a functional high affinity nitrate transport system (HATS). Nitrates 163-170 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 86-94 17467673-6 2007 PDE1 and/or PDE5 are also reportedly up-regulated in chronic disease conditions such as atherosclerosis or cardiac pressure-load stress and heart failure as well as in response to long-term exposure to nitrates. Nitrates 202-210 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 12-16 17566055-9 2007 CsNitr1-L may possibly load cytosolic nitrite into chloroplast stroma in the chloroplast envelope during nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 105-112 probable nitrite transporter At1g68570-like Cucumis sativus 0-7 17347445-8 2007 There was a trend toward enhanced production of nitrate relative to nitrite as an end product of NO metabolism in IL-13-stimulated cells. Nitrates 48-55 interleukin 13 Homo sapiens 114-119 17475504-8 2007 Levels of circulating nitrite/nitrate, the end-metabolites of nitric oxide, were also significantly affected by ACE inhibition, with the same order of potency. Nitrates 30-37 angiotensin I converting enzyme Rattus norvegicus 112-115 17482833-1 2007 Exposure to nitrates causes tachyphylaxis to nitric oxide (NO), which reduces the effects of the second messenger cyclic guanosine-3",-5"-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Nitrates 12-20 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 160-163 17548042-4 2007 As compared with wild-type mice, the increases in the plasma NO level measured as nitrite and nitrate and hepatic iNOS were significantly reduced in IL-1alpha/beta(-/-) and TNFalpha(-/-) mice 8 and 12h after the LPS challenge. Nitrates 94-101 interleukin 1 alpha Mus musculus 149-158 17523628-3 2007 According to pointwise thermodynamic integration involving constrained molecular dynamics simulations, a change in free energy of +6 kcal/mol is predicted for eta(2)- to eta(1)-transition of one of the three nitrate ligands in the gas phase. Nitrates 208-215 DNA polymerase iota Homo sapiens 159-165 17523628-3 2007 According to pointwise thermodynamic integration involving constrained molecular dynamics simulations, a change in free energy of +6 kcal/mol is predicted for eta(2)- to eta(1)-transition of one of the three nitrate ligands in the gas phase. Nitrates 208-215 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Homo sapiens 170-176 17523628-5 2007 This contrasts with the aqueous solution where the nitrate binds in a eta(1)-fashion and uranyl coordinates to four H2O ligands. Nitrates 51-58 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Homo sapiens 70-76 17523628-9 2007 The [UO(2)(NO(3))(4)](2-) complex with two eta(2)- and two eta(1)- coordinated nitrates, observed in the solid state, is stable for 1-2 ps in the gas phase and in solution. Nitrates 79-87 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Homo sapiens 59-65 17503808-4 2007 The addition of Cl- anions promotes the solubilization of the nitrate and triflate salts in the C4mimPF6 and the C4mimBF4 ILs via the formation of chloro complexes, also formed with other salts. Nitrates 62-69 complement C4A (Rodgers blood group) Homo sapiens 96-104 17336418-8 2007 PPT/DPN reduced nitrate/nitrite production and iNOS mRNA in Kupffer cells following trauma-hemorrhage; however, these levels in DPN-treated animals remained higher than sham. Nitrates 16-23 tachykinin, precursor 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-3 17493633-0 2007 Increased superoxide production in nitrate tolerance is associated with NAD(P)H oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 downregulation. Nitrates 35-42 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 Rattus norvegicus 92-116 17493633-3 2007 Using cell culture and animal models of nitrate tolerance, we aimed to assess the impact of nitrates on NAD(P)H oxidases and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) expression. Nitrates 92-100 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 Rattus norvegicus 125-149 17493633-3 2007 Using cell culture and animal models of nitrate tolerance, we aimed to assess the impact of nitrates on NAD(P)H oxidases and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) expression. Nitrates 92-100 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 Rattus norvegicus 151-156 17493633-13 2007 In addition, expression and activity of ALDH-2 was decreased in nitrate-tolerant rings. Nitrates 64-71 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Rattus norvegicus 40-46 17277235-7 2007 We evaluated the interaction of processed meat and nitrate plus nitrite intake with CYP2A6 activity, an enzyme able to metabolize some NOC to their carcinogenic form. Nitrates 51-58 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily A member 6 Homo sapiens 84-90 17277235-7 2007 We evaluated the interaction of processed meat and nitrate plus nitrite intake with CYP2A6 activity, an enzyme able to metabolize some NOC to their carcinogenic form. Nitrates 51-58 nocturnin Homo sapiens 135-138 17617676-10 2007 Interestingly, the addition of NAC to lead nitrate-treated HepG2 cells significantly decreased cellular content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evidenced by the decrease in lipid peroxidation byproducts. Nitrates 43-50 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 31-34 17617676-11 2007 Overall, findings from this study suggest that NAC inhibits lead nitrate-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Nitrates 65-72 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 47-50 17548042-4 2007 As compared with wild-type mice, the increases in the plasma NO level measured as nitrite and nitrate and hepatic iNOS were significantly reduced in IL-1alpha/beta(-/-) and TNFalpha(-/-) mice 8 and 12h after the LPS challenge. Nitrates 94-101 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 173-181 17485712-1 2007 Nitrate (NO3-) leaching to ground water poses water quality concerns in some settings. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 17481610-5 2007 Two of the NRT1 genes, CHL1 and AtNRT1.2, and two of the NRT2 genes, AtNRT2.1 and AtNRT2.2, are known to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 120-127 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 11-15 17481610-5 2007 Two of the NRT1 genes, CHL1 and AtNRT1.2, and two of the NRT2 genes, AtNRT2.1 and AtNRT2.2, are known to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 120-127 nitrate transporter 1:2 Arabidopsis thaliana 32-40 17481610-5 2007 Two of the NRT1 genes, CHL1 and AtNRT1.2, and two of the NRT2 genes, AtNRT2.1 and AtNRT2.2, are known to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 120-127 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 57-61 17481610-5 2007 Two of the NRT1 genes, CHL1 and AtNRT1.2, and two of the NRT2 genes, AtNRT2.1 and AtNRT2.2, are known to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 120-127 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 69-77 17481610-5 2007 Two of the NRT1 genes, CHL1 and AtNRT1.2, and two of the NRT2 genes, AtNRT2.1 and AtNRT2.2, are known to be involved in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 120-127 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 69-75 17481610-6 2007 In addition, AtNRT1.4 is required for petiole nitrate storage. Nitrates 46-53 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-19 17363026-1 2007 In agricultural areas, nitrate (NO3-) is a common groundwater pollutant as a result of extensive fertilizer application. Nitrates 23-30 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 32-35 17229473-6 2007 Moreover, leptin increased plasma concentration and urinary excretion of NO metabolites, nitrites+nitrates (NO(x)), and of NO second messenger, cyclic GMP. Nitrates 98-106 leptin Rattus norvegicus 10-16 17540716-0 2007 The Arabidopsis ATNRT2.7 nitrate transporter controls nitrate content in seeds. Nitrates 25-32 high affinity nitrate transporter 2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana 16-24 17540716-1 2007 In higher plants, nitrate is taken up by root cells where Arabidopsis thaliana NITRATE TRANSPORTER2.1 (ATNRT2.1) chiefly acts as the high-affinity nitrate uptake system. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 79-101 17540716-1 2007 In higher plants, nitrate is taken up by root cells where Arabidopsis thaliana NITRATE TRANSPORTER2.1 (ATNRT2.1) chiefly acts as the high-affinity nitrate uptake system. Nitrates 147-154 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 79-101 17540716-6 2007 We assessed the capacity of ATNRT2.7 to transport nitrate in Xenopus laevis oocytes or when it is expressed ectopically in mutant plants deficient in nitrate transport. Nitrates 50-57 high affinity nitrate transporter 2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana 28-36 17540716-6 2007 We assessed the capacity of ATNRT2.7 to transport nitrate in Xenopus laevis oocytes or when it is expressed ectopically in mutant plants deficient in nitrate transport. Nitrates 150-157 high affinity nitrate transporter 2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana 28-36 17540716-8 2007 By contrast, seed nitrate content was affected by overexpression of ATNRT2.7 or a mutation in the gene. Nitrates 18-25 high affinity nitrate transporter 2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana 68-76 17540716-10 2007 Our results demonstrate that ATNRT2.7 plays a specific role in nitrate accumulation in the seed. Nitrates 63-70 high affinity nitrate transporter 2.7 Arabidopsis thaliana 29-37 17183346-3 2007 As these phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors all increase the hypotensive effects of nitrates, they are not suitable for use in patients taking nitrates for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease. Nitrates 87-95 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 9-28 17183346-3 2007 As these phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors all increase the hypotensive effects of nitrates, they are not suitable for use in patients taking nitrates for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease. Nitrates 87-95 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 30-34 17306574-2 2007 We evaluated the association of eNOS genotypes/haplotypes with the plasma concentrations of nitrite/nitrate (NO(x)), which are products of nitric oxide in HT, T2DM, and T2DM+HT patients. Nitrates 100-107 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 32-36 17355433-5 2007 Supplied with insufficient inorganic nitrogen (nitrate or ammonium), the nla mutant failed to develop the essential adaptive responses to nitrogen limitation, but senesced much earlier and more rapidly than did the wild type. Nitrates 47-54 SPX (SYG1/Pho81/XPR1) domain-containing protein Arabidopsis thaliana 73-76 17520925-7 2007 In the estuary bay with a long residence time, in the Archipelago Sea, up to 4.5% of nitrate loading and 19% of nitrogen loading were removed before entering the sea. Nitrates 85-92 S13 erythroblastosis (avian) oncogene homolog Homo sapiens 66-69 17696737-2 2007 The aim of the present study was to quantify nitrate+nitrite (NO2+NO3) in tobacco products as well as to study tobacco exposure related biomarkers in controls, patients with oral precancers (OPC) and oral cancer patients. Nitrates 45-52 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 66-69 17094870-3 2007 Here, we investigated whether NOS2-mediated nitrite/nitrate synthesis modulates responsiveness to inhaled NO. Nitrates 52-59 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 30-34 17094870-11 2007 Here, responsiveness to inhaled NO is dependent on the ability of NOS2 inhibitors to reduce nitrite and nitrate levels in serum and released in the lung. Nitrates 104-111 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 66-70 17242981-4 2007 Using the hph-1 mouse, which displays a partial BH4 deficiency owing to impaired activity of GTP cyclohydrolase, we report decreased levels of glutathione in brain and kidney and evidence for decreased basal generation of nitric oxide in the periphery (as judged by the plasma nitrate plus nitrite concentration). Nitrates 277-284 hyperphenylalaninemia 1 Mus musculus 10-15 17242981-6 2007 However, the concentration of plasma nitrate plus nitrite achieved was significantly decreased in the hph-1 mouse. Nitrates 37-44 hyperphenylalaninemia 1 Mus musculus 102-107 17275683-12 2007 Inflammatory activity was reduced in the rats receiving nitrate as indicated by lower mucosal myeloperoxidase activity and expression of inducible NO synthase. Nitrates 56-63 myeloperoxidase Rattus norvegicus 94-109 17450295-6 2007 As a result, the depth to which dissolved anthropogenic N as nitrate (NO3) is leached early in the winter wet season is limited to within the top approximately 130 cm of soil where it accumulates and increases soil acidity. Nitrates 61-68 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 70-73 17056288-4 2007 In the present study, we used an ultra-sensitive NO-selective electrochemical sensor (AmiNO700) in combination with a highly efficient nitrate conversion method, which coupled the nitrate reductase step with the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase system. Nitrates 135-142 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 212-245 17329906-0 2007 Cytochrome P450 is responsible for nitric oxide generation from NO-aspirin and other organic nitrates. Nitrates 93-101 cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3 Homo sapiens 0-15 17329906-2 2007 We have previously reported that cytochrome P450 (P450) plays important role in NO generation from other organic nitrates such as nitroglycerin (NTG) and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN). Nitrates 113-121 cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3 Homo sapiens 33-48 17275683-12 2007 Inflammatory activity was reduced in the rats receiving nitrate as indicated by lower mucosal myeloperoxidase activity and expression of inducible NO synthase. Nitrates 56-63 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 137-158 17265003-5 2007 Denitrification was positively related to nitrate (NO3 ) concentration, suggesting that sediments may have been nutrient-limited. Nitrates 42-49 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 51-54 17173980-5 2007 CLP led to increased plasma nitrate levels, protein leakage and hypotension and caused mortality of 80% by 24 h. Expression of c-fos in paraventricular (PVN), supraoptic (SON) and organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis (OVLT) nuclei, as well as plasma AVP concentration were increased at 6 h but reduced to basal levels 24 h after CLP. Nitrates 28-35 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 127-132 17220910-0 2007 Number of nitrate groups determines reactivity and potency of organic nitrates: a proof of concept study in ALDH-2-/- mice. Nitrates 70-78 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 108-114 17220910-1 2007 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) has been shown to provide a pathway for bioactivation of organic nitrates and to be prone to desensitization in response to highly potent, but not to less potent, nitrates. Nitrates 135-143 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 62-68 17220910-1 2007 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) has been shown to provide a pathway for bioactivation of organic nitrates and to be prone to desensitization in response to highly potent, but not to less potent, nitrates. Nitrates 233-241 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 62-68 17220910-2 2007 We therefore sought to support the hypothesis that bioactivation by ALDH-2 critically depends on the number of nitrate groups within the nitrovasodilator. Nitrates 111-118 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 68-74 17220910-10 2007 CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Our results support the crucial role of ALDH-2 in bioactivating highly reactive nitrates like GTN, PETN and PETriN. Nitrates 110-118 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 70-76 17220910-11 2007 ALDH-2-mediated relaxation by organic nitrates therefore depends mainly on the number of nitrate groups. Nitrates 38-46 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 0-6 17220910-11 2007 ALDH-2-mediated relaxation by organic nitrates therefore depends mainly on the number of nitrate groups. Nitrates 38-45 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 0-6 17249740-1 2007 Concentrated aqueous nitrate aerosols are present in the Earth"s atmosphere as a result of heterogeneous reactions of sea salt and mineral dust aerosol with nitrogen oxides (e.g., NO2, NO3, HNO3 and N2O5). Nitrates 21-28 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 185-188 17172286-6 2007 Moreover, steady-state transcript levels were decreased after addition of ammonium or nitrate in N-deficient roots, suggesting a role for N availability in regulating AtAMT1;1 transcript abundance. Nitrates 86-93 ammonium transporter 1;1 Arabidopsis thaliana 167-175 16872740-6 2007 A concomitant removal of 97% of nitrate was observed for a mean influent concentration of 423.4 mg L-1. Nitrates 32-39 immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16 Homo sapiens 99-102 17307929-6 2007 In seedlings grown under uninoculated conditions supplied with nitrate, nup85 did not arrest plant growth but significantly reduced seed production. Nitrates 63-70 NUP85 Lotus japonicus 72-77 18232232-4 2007 It restricted uptake and transport of NO3(-), inhibited activity of some key nitrogen-metabolism-related enzymes, such as: nitrate reductase (NR) to the nitrate reduction, glutamine systhetase (GS) and glutamine synthase (GOGAT) to the ammonia assimilation, while it increased the content of free amino acids and decreased that of soluble protein as well. Nitrates 123-130 inducible nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Glycine max 142-144 17364893-3 2007 The activity and expression of eNOS, measured by nitrate levels and immunoblot, respectively, were determined following exposure of BRECs to varying concentrations of glucose and mannitol (0 to 25 mM). Nitrates 49-56 nitric oxide synthase 3 Bos taurus 31-35 17364893-4 2007 Under static conditions the expression of eNOS decreased significantly following exposure to increasing concentrations of glucose when compared to osmotic mannitol controls and was accompanied by a significant dose-dependent decrease in nitrate levels in conditioned medium. Nitrates 237-244 nitric oxide synthase 3 Bos taurus 42-46 17393066-1 2007 The study aimed to assay the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of protein S100B, a biomarker of astrocyte activation in relation to kynurenic acid (KYNA) and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, nitrate/nitrite (NOx) concentrations in acute relapse multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Nitrates 188-195 S100 calcium binding protein B Homo sapiens 73-78 17220512-9 2007 The enzyme activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), the enzyme supporting the first step of the OPPP, was induced by external nitrate supply. Nitrates 140-147 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 23-56 17220512-9 2007 The enzyme activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), the enzyme supporting the first step of the OPPP, was induced by external nitrate supply. Nitrates 140-147 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 58-63 17470441-2 2007 Initial experiments in the late 1950s showing that nitrate enhances nitrate reductase (NR) activity after several hours of treatment have now progressed to transcriptome studies identifying over 1000 genes that respond to muM levels of nitrate within minutes. Nitrates 51-58 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 68-85 17470441-2 2007 Initial experiments in the late 1950s showing that nitrate enhances nitrate reductase (NR) activity after several hours of treatment have now progressed to transcriptome studies identifying over 1000 genes that respond to muM levels of nitrate within minutes. Nitrates 51-58 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 87-89 17470441-2 2007 Initial experiments in the late 1950s showing that nitrate enhances nitrate reductase (NR) activity after several hours of treatment have now progressed to transcriptome studies identifying over 1000 genes that respond to muM levels of nitrate within minutes. Nitrates 68-75 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 87-89 17470441-3 2007 The use of an Arabidopsis NR-null mutant allowed the identification of genes that respond to nitrate when the production of downstream metabolites of nitrate is blocked. Nitrates 93-100 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 26-28 17470441-3 2007 The use of an Arabidopsis NR-null mutant allowed the identification of genes that respond to nitrate when the production of downstream metabolites of nitrate is blocked. Nitrates 150-157 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 26-28 17470441-6 2007 Most of these genes and pathways are ones that were identified using the NR-null mutant as responding directly to nitrate. Nitrates 114-121 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 73-75 17162569-4 2007 Comparison of the PAH degradation rates under three reducing conditions showed the following order: sulfate-reducing conditions > methanogenic conditions > nitrate-reducing conditions. Nitrates 162-169 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 18-21 17162569-6 2007 However, the addition of acetate, lactate or pyruvate inhibited PAH degradation under nitrate-reducing conditions. Nitrates 86-93 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 64-67 17578866-7 2007 It has been reported that the AtNRT1.1 (CHL1) dual-affinity nitrate transporter acts upstream of the ANR1 MADS box gene in mediating the stimulatory effect of a localized nitrate supply on lateral root proliferation. Nitrates 60-67 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 30-38 17578866-7 2007 It has been reported that the AtNRT1.1 (CHL1) dual-affinity nitrate transporter acts upstream of the ANR1 MADS box gene in mediating the stimulatory effect of a localized nitrate supply on lateral root proliferation. Nitrates 60-67 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 40-44 17578866-7 2007 It has been reported that the AtNRT1.1 (CHL1) dual-affinity nitrate transporter acts upstream of the ANR1 MADS box gene in mediating the stimulatory effect of a localized nitrate supply on lateral root proliferation. Nitrates 60-67 AGAMOUS-like 44 Arabidopsis thaliana 101-105 16510147-9 2006 Interestingly, some medications taken by the patients (e.g. diuretics and short-acting nitrates) might affect plasma eotaxin levels. Nitrates 87-95 C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 Homo sapiens 117-124 17192887-7 2007 DMH-induced increases in the total nitrite/nitrate levels and the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity (n = 10-12, P < 0.05) were also reduced in the DMH + GM-CSF group (n = 8-9, P < 0.05). Nitrates 43-50 colony stimulating factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 159-165 17085507-7 2007 Disruption of NRT2.2 in Atnrt2.2 reduced IHATS by 19% and this reduction was statistically significant only at 6 h after resupply of nitrate to nitrogen-deprived plants. Nitrates 133-140 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-18 17085507-7 2007 Disruption of NRT2.2 in Atnrt2.2 reduced IHATS by 19% and this reduction was statistically significant only at 6 h after resupply of nitrate to nitrogen-deprived plants. Nitrates 133-140 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 24-30 17148611-0 2006 The Arabidopsis NRT1.1 transporter participates in the signaling pathway triggering root colonization of nitrate-rich patches. Nitrates 105-112 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 16-20 17109653-8 2006 prevented hypertension-induced attenuation of acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation, impairment of vascular endothelial lining, decrease in expression of mRNA for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), serum nitrite/nitrate concentration and increase in expression of mRNA for p22phox, superoxide anion and serum TBARS. Nitrates 236-243 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 215-219 17153996-2 2006 The higher content of NO3- in groundwater compared to surface water during both summer and winter seasons indicates that the karstic groundwater system cannot easily recover once contaminated with nitrate. Nitrates 197-204 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 22-25 17304849-1 2006 PBS, a new kind of biodegradable polymers (BDPs), can be used as carbon source and biofilm carrier to remove nitrate from drinking water source. Nitrates 109-116 translocator protein Homo sapiens 0-3 17304849-4 2006 Influent nitrate concentration (53 mg x L- 1) can be reduced to less than 10 mg x L(-1) within 12 h. The IR spectrum showed that under development of denitrifying biofilm, absorption band at 2 925 cm(-1),2 850 cm(-1), 3200 cm(-1) -3410 cm-1 became weak, which suggested that the content of methyl or hydroxyl group in PBS decreased slightly, and the other functional groups were not influenced apparently. Nitrates 9-16 translocator protein Homo sapiens 318-321 17153996-5 2006 Combined with information on NO3- /Cl-, the variations of the isotope values of nitrate in the groundwater show a mixing process of multiple sources of nitrate, especially in the summer season. Nitrates 80-87 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 29-32 17132443-2 2006 Several studies have shown that Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (FT-IR/ATR) spectroscopy could be used to estimate the nitrate content of standardized soil pastes. Nitrates 143-150 ATR serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 89-98 17092343-2 2006 According to recent studies, mitochondrial ROS formation and oxidative inactivation of the organic nitrate bioactivating enzyme mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) play an important role for the development of nitrate and cross-tolerance. Nitrates 99-106 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 166-172 17092343-2 2006 According to recent studies, mitochondrial ROS formation and oxidative inactivation of the organic nitrate bioactivating enzyme mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) play an important role for the development of nitrate and cross-tolerance. Nitrates 220-227 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 166-172 17060777-11 2006 Conversely, urinary nitrate levels indicative of vascular e-NOS activity remained significantly and persistently higher in MP-treated animals (P < 0.05). Nitrates 20-27 nitric oxide synthase 3 Sus scrofa 58-63 17132443-3 2006 Paste standardization appeared to be the main obstacle to in situ application of this approach, and the present study shows how FT-IR/ATR can be used to estimate both water content and nitrate concentration of field soil samples. Nitrates 185-192 ATR serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 128-137 17132443-7 2006 Nitrate concentration, mg [N]/kg [dry soil], is estimated using the FT-IR/ATR spectrum of this second paste. Nitrates 0-7 ATR serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 68-77 17000306-9 2006 The downregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase level in the distended grafts was accompanied by a 45.2% +/- 3.1% reduction of phospho-endothelial nitric oxide synthase Ser1177 levels and by a significant reduction in nitric oxide synthase activity (12.1% +/- 1.2%) and nitrate production (48.9% +/- 5.6%) in comparison with that seen in drug-treated grafts. Nitrates 274-281 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 18-51 17345786-12 2006 Olmesartan significantly improved cardiovascular remodeling and cardiac nitrite/ nitrate content, but co-administration of olmesartan and (D-Ala7)-Ang-(1-7) partially reversed this anti-remodeling effect and the increase in nitrite/nitrate. Nitrates 81-88 angiogenin Rattus norvegicus 147-155 17345786-12 2006 Olmesartan significantly improved cardiovascular remodeling and cardiac nitrite/ nitrate content, but co-administration of olmesartan and (D-Ala7)-Ang-(1-7) partially reversed this anti-remodeling effect and the increase in nitrite/nitrate. Nitrates 232-239 angiogenin Rattus norvegicus 147-155 17012411-9 2006 Plants resulting from a cross between both mutants (atnrt2.1-1 x atnar2.1-1) showed a phenotype like that of the atnar2.1-1 mutant when grown in 0.5 mm nitrate. Nitrates 152-159 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 52-60 16952382-8 2006 Moreover, hCG increased nitrate uptake into MLTC-1, which suggests the gonadotropin aids nitrite and nitrate ions in their steroidogenesis inhibitory activity. Nitrates 24-31 hypertrichosis 2 (generalised, congenital) Homo sapiens 10-13 16952382-8 2006 Moreover, hCG increased nitrate uptake into MLTC-1, which suggests the gonadotropin aids nitrite and nitrate ions in their steroidogenesis inhibitory activity. Nitrates 101-108 hypertrichosis 2 (generalised, congenital) Homo sapiens 10-13 17043238-8 2006 Compared with wild-type microglia, mSOD1(G93A) microglia produced and released more superoxide and nitrite+nitrate, and induced more neuronal death. Nitrates 107-114 superoxide dismutase 1, soluble Mus musculus 35-40 16968407-5 2006 In this context, we hypothesize that IL-10, through its ability to inhibit anti-leishmanial macrophage activation, associated with the lower frequency of TNF-alpha(+) monocytes and ordinary levels of nitrite and nitrate are the major mechanisms associated with disease onset. Nitrates 212-219 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 37-42 17035137-5 2006 Individual nitrate exposures from beverages prepared with tap water were calculated by linking the postal code of individual residence at baseline to water company data. Nitrates 11-18 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 58-61 17032626-7 2006 A positive correlation between NOx (nitrites and nitrates levels) and VEGF was found in healthy individuals (r = 0.55, p = 0.003), but there was no correlation in hypertensive patients. Nitrates 49-57 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 70-74 16905358-2 2006 The first known member Nar1.1 encodes a chloroplast nitrite transporter that regulates nitrate assimilation according to carbon availability, and data supporting the idea that NAR1 proteins may participate in adjusting both nitrite and carbon utilization by Chlamydomonas cells are presented herein. Nitrates 87-94 NAR1.1 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 23-29 16980702-3 2006 These results suggest that the replacement of Asp105 in AtNRT3.1 markedly reduces nitrate uptake and accumulation. Nitrates 82-89 nitrate transmembrane transporter Arabidopsis thaliana 56-64 16905358-4 2006 The expression patterns for Nar1 transcripts showed differential responses to changes in nitrogen or carbon status, as well as a particular regulation by the nitrate assimilation regulatory gene Nit2. Nitrates 158-165 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 195-199 17003285-2 2006 LPS decreased IGF-I mRNA in hepatocyte cultures and increased the nitrite + nitrate levels in the culture medium. Nitrates 76-83 interferon regulatory factor 6 Homo sapiens 0-3 16412539-4 2006 The nitrate accumulation was 20-50mg NO3-N day(-1)kg(-1) observed after methylene urea fertilization of 889 g Nm(-2). Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 37-40 16961492-1 2006 Because of the ubiquitous nature of anthropogenic nitrate (NO3(-)) in many parts of the world, determining background concentrations of NO3(-) in shallow ground water from natural sources is probably impossible in most environments. Nitrates 50-57 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 59-62 18970764-7 2006 Nitrate was found being present at 4.79-5.99mug/mL in dew, 1.20-2.63mug/mL in rain, 0.32-0.60mug/mL in snow and 0.12-0.23mug/mL in lake water. Nitrates 0-7 Ras interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 78-82 17003285-6 2006 In addition, two specific inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitors, l-N6-(1-iminoethyl)lysine (l-NIL) and aminoguanidine, prevented the effect of LPS on nitrite+nitrate levels and on IGF-I gene expression in hepatocyte cultures. Nitrates 160-167 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 26-47 17003285-6 2006 In addition, two specific inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitors, l-N6-(1-iminoethyl)lysine (l-NIL) and aminoguanidine, prevented the effect of LPS on nitrite+nitrate levels and on IGF-I gene expression in hepatocyte cultures. Nitrates 160-167 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 49-53 17003285-3 2006 Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between the IGF-I mRNA and the nitrite+nitrate levels. Nitrates 85-92 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 58-63 17003285-6 2006 In addition, two specific inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitors, l-N6-(1-iminoethyl)lysine (l-NIL) and aminoguanidine, prevented the effect of LPS on nitrite+nitrate levels and on IGF-I gene expression in hepatocyte cultures. Nitrates 160-167 interferon regulatory factor 6 Homo sapiens 145-148 17003285-8 2006 However, in cocultures, the iNOS inhibitor l-NIL prevented the effect of LPS on nitrite+nitrate levels, but only attenuated the LPS-induced decrease in IGF-I gene expression. Nitrates 88-95 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 28-32 16600336-3 2006 The INCA-N model was able to simulate the seasonal and inter-annual variations in the stream-water nitrate concentrations, although the lowest concentrations during the growing season were not reproduced. Nitrates 99-106 caspase recruitment domain family member 17 Homo sapiens 4-8 17003285-8 2006 However, in cocultures, the iNOS inhibitor l-NIL prevented the effect of LPS on nitrite+nitrate levels, but only attenuated the LPS-induced decrease in IGF-I gene expression. Nitrates 88-95 interferon regulatory factor 6 Homo sapiens 73-76 16878138-0 2006 The nitrate/proton antiporter AtCLCa mediates nitrate accumulation in plant vacuoles. Nitrates 4-11 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 30-36 16878138-6 2006 We demonstrate that AtCLCa is able to accumulate specifically nitrate in the vacuole and behaves as a NO3-/H+ exchanger. Nitrates 62-69 chloride channel A Arabidopsis thaliana 20-26 16937444-7 2006 In addition, L-NAME was able to inhibit the GH-effects on intracellular cAMP concentration under basal conditions and in response to CT. GH induced a Ca(2+)-dependent increase of nitrites/nitrates production, indicating the involvement of the constitutive rather than the inducible NOS isoform, which was directly confirmed by Western blot analysis. Nitrates 188-196 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 44-46 16937444-7 2006 In addition, L-NAME was able to inhibit the GH-effects on intracellular cAMP concentration under basal conditions and in response to CT. GH induced a Ca(2+)-dependent increase of nitrites/nitrates production, indicating the involvement of the constitutive rather than the inducible NOS isoform, which was directly confirmed by Western blot analysis. Nitrates 188-196 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 137-139 16906281-6 2006 Urinary nitrate (NO3) excretion was measured in 18 IDV-treated patients and compared with that of 8 patients treated with efavirenz, a drug without renal side effects. Nitrates 8-15 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 17-20 16904722-11 2006 Nitro-group of PNP converted to nitrite and nitrate. Nitrates 44-51 purine nucleoside phosphorylase Homo sapiens 15-18 16618496-8 2006 For the only two tributaries of the Thames which we have monitored for over 5 years (the Pang and the Kennet), nitrate concentrations have increased over time. Nitrates 111-118 contactin 3 Homo sapiens 89-93 16618496-10 2006 As the Pang and the Kennet river water is mainly supplied from the Chalk, the increasing nitrate concentrations over time clearly reflect increasing nitrate concentrations within the groundwater. Nitrates 89-96 contactin 3 Homo sapiens 7-11 16618496-10 2006 As the Pang and the Kennet river water is mainly supplied from the Chalk, the increasing nitrate concentrations over time clearly reflect increasing nitrate concentrations within the groundwater. Nitrates 149-156 contactin 3 Homo sapiens 7-11 16434229-3 2006 Comparing with the calculated energies, it can be concluded that the syn conformers with Cs overall symmetry, a planar CC(O)ONO skeleton in nitrites, and a planar CC(O)ON skeleton in nitrates, respectively, are the most stable in the gas phase. Nitrates 183-191 synemin Homo sapiens 69-72 16705756-4 2006 Nitrite plus nitrate levels were lower in iNOS(-/-) compared with iNOS(+/+) mice, but CCl(4) did not produce a significant effect in any mice. Nitrates 13-20 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 42-46 16777528-7 2006 Thus, in cucumber, NR and GS expression appear to be dominated by sugar levels, rather than by nitrate contents. Nitrates 95-102 nitrate reductase [NADH]-like Cucumis sativus 19-21 16891913-0 2006 Ramipril treatment protects against nitrate-induced oxidative stress in eNOS-/- mice: An implication of the NADPH oxidase pathway. Nitrates 36-43 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 72-79 16929648-6 2006 The results suggest that methanogen, sulfate-reducing bacteria, and nitrate-reducing bacteria all are involved in the dechlorination of PCB congeners. Nitrates 68-75 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 136-139 16636306-5 2006 Treatment with two structurally dissimilar iNOS inhibitors at doses sufficient to decrease urine nitrate and/or nitrite exacerbated proteinuria. Nitrates 97-104 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 43-47 16830541-5 2006 Under the hypotheses of no interaction and absence of mutual screening of radiation, nitrate would prevail over DOM as *OH source for a NO3-/DOM ratio higher than 3.3 x 10(-5) (mol NO3-) (mg C)(-1), DOM prevailing for lower values. Nitrates 85-92 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 136-139 16683800-4 2006 According to pointwise thermodynamic integration involving constrained molecular dynamics simulations, solvation facilitates the transition of the chelating nitrate ligand to a eta1-bonding mode: the free energy of UO2(eta2-NO3)(eta1-NO3)(OH2)2 relative to the bis-chelating minimum drops from 3.9 kcal/mol in vacuo to 1.4 kcal/mol in water. Nitrates 157-164 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Homo sapiens 177-181 16683800-4 2006 According to pointwise thermodynamic integration involving constrained molecular dynamics simulations, solvation facilitates the transition of the chelating nitrate ligand to a eta1-bonding mode: the free energy of UO2(eta2-NO3)(eta1-NO3)(OH2)2 relative to the bis-chelating minimum drops from 3.9 kcal/mol in vacuo to 1.4 kcal/mol in water. Nitrates 157-164 DNA polymerase iota Homo sapiens 219-223 16683800-4 2006 According to pointwise thermodynamic integration involving constrained molecular dynamics simulations, solvation facilitates the transition of the chelating nitrate ligand to a eta1-bonding mode: the free energy of UO2(eta2-NO3)(eta1-NO3)(OH2)2 relative to the bis-chelating minimum drops from 3.9 kcal/mol in vacuo to 1.4 kcal/mol in water. Nitrates 157-164 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Homo sapiens 229-233 16448661-1 2006 The adsorption of Co2+ ions from nitrate solutions using iron oxide nanoparticles of magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3) has been studied. Nitrates 33-40 complement C2 Homo sapiens 18-21 16527817-0 2006 Characterization of the mechanism of cytochrome P450 reductase-cytochrome P450-mediated nitric oxide and nitrosothiol generation from organic nitrates. Nitrates 142-150 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Homo sapiens 37-62 16527817-1 2006 Mammalian cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) and cytochrome P450 (CP) play important roles in organic nitrate bioactivation; however, the mechanism by which they convert organic nitrate to NO remains unknown. Nitrates 99-106 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Homo sapiens 10-35 16527817-1 2006 Mammalian cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) and cytochrome P450 (CP) play important roles in organic nitrate bioactivation; however, the mechanism by which they convert organic nitrate to NO remains unknown. Nitrates 99-106 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Homo sapiens 37-40 16527817-1 2006 Mammalian cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) and cytochrome P450 (CP) play important roles in organic nitrate bioactivation; however, the mechanism by which they convert organic nitrate to NO remains unknown. Nitrates 175-182 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Homo sapiens 10-35 16527817-1 2006 Mammalian cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) and cytochrome P450 (CP) play important roles in organic nitrate bioactivation; however, the mechanism by which they convert organic nitrate to NO remains unknown. Nitrates 175-182 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Homo sapiens 37-40 16527817-3 2006 To characterize the mechanism of CPR-CP-mediated organic nitrate bioactivation, EPR, chemiluminescence NO analyzer, NO electrode, and immunoassay studies were performed. Nitrates 57-64 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Rattus norvegicus 33-36 16527817-4 2006 With rat hepatic microsomes or purified CPR, the presence of NADPH triggered organic nitrate reduction to NO2(-). Nitrates 85-92 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Rattus norvegicus 40-43 16527817-7 2006 Therefore, CPR catalyzes organic nitrate reduction, producing nitrite, whereas CP can mediate further nitrite reduction to NO. Nitrates 33-40 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Homo sapiens 11-14 16527817-8 2006 Nitrite-dependent NO generation contributed <10% of the CPR-CP-mediated NO generation from organic nitrates; thus, NO2(-) is not the main precursor of NO. Nitrates 102-110 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Rattus norvegicus 59-62 16527817-10 2006 Studies suggested that organic nitrite (R-O-NO) was produced from organic nitrate reduction by CPR. Nitrates 74-81 cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase Homo sapiens 95-98 16719098-0 2006 Regional patterns in the isotopic composition of natural and anthropogenic nitrate in groundwater, High Plains, U.S.A. Mobilization of natural nitrate (NO3-) deposits in the subsoil by irrigation water in arid and semiarid regions has the potential to produce large groundwater NO3-concentrations. Nitrates 143-150 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 152-155 16632127-9 2006 A line of evidence including inhibitor studies, EPR spectroscopy, and nitrite/nitrate detection identifies catalase as a possible oxidant for the conversion of hydroxyurea to NO. Nitrates 78-85 catalase Rattus norvegicus 107-115 16424150-7 2006 The cytosolic GST-mediated denitration of these organic nitrates in liver limits their interaction with other intracellular compartments to possible generation of NO and/or their subsequent availability and bioactivation in the systemic circulation and extrahepatic tissues. Nitrates 56-64 glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 Homo sapiens 14-17 16634581-13 2006 The coordination environment around the bridging Co(II) ion contains four oxygen (two P-O units, one chelating nitrate) and two nitrogen atoms (pyridyloxy nitrogens). Nitrates 111-118 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 49-55 16424150-3 2006 The nitrate moiety of this latter is subsequently metabolized to inorganic nitrogen oxides (NOx), predominantly in liver cytosol by glutathione S-transferase (GST) and to a lesser extent in liver mitochondria. Nitrates 4-11 glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 Homo sapiens 132-157 16424150-3 2006 The nitrate moiety of this latter is subsequently metabolized to inorganic nitrogen oxides (NOx), predominantly in liver cytosol by glutathione S-transferase (GST) and to a lesser extent in liver mitochondria. Nitrates 4-11 glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 Homo sapiens 159-162 16609365-0 2006 A -786T>C polymorphism in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene reduces serum nitrite/nitrate levels from the heart due to an intracoronary injection of acetylcholine. Nitrates 94-101 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 33-66 16680018-12 2006 The increase in plasma concentration of nitrate and nitrite was inhibited by BBS-2. Nitrates 40-47 Bardet-Biedl syndrome 2 protein Ovis aries 77-82 16524873-5 2006 In nodules of Asppc plants, PEPC activity was reduced to about 10% of that of non-transformants and the plants showed typical nitrogen-deficient symptoms without a supply of nitrogen nutrient, and returned to normal growth when nitrate was supplied at 2.5 mM. Nitrates 228-235 LjPEPC1 Lotus japonicus 28-32 16415212-0 2006 High-affinity nitrate transport in roots of Arabidopsis depends on expression of the NAR2-like gene AtNRT3.1. Nitrates 14-21 nitrate transmembrane transporter Arabidopsis thaliana 100-108 16543501-4 2006 Relative to data in control rats, arteries from Adv-CYP4A2-transduced rats produced more 20-HETE (129+/-10 versus 97+/-7 pmol/mg protein, P<0.01) and less nitric oxide (NO; 4.2+/-1.6 versus 8.4+/-1 nmol nitrite+nitrate/mg; P<0.05). Nitrates 214-221 cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily a, polypeptide 2 Rattus norvegicus 52-58 16545248-6 2006 The concentration of MPO was correlated with the concentrations of 8-isoprostane and nitrate, which were normalized to the nitrite concentration. Nitrates 85-92 myeloperoxidase Homo sapiens 21-24 16556209-9 2006 In an example application, we used all models to reanalyze a published PPT data set to obtain k estimates for nitrate consumption in a petroleum-contaminated aquifer. Nitrates 110-117 tachykinin precursor 1 Homo sapiens 71-74 16496123-10 2006 Both the reduction in plasma nitrate and nitrite and the elevation in aortic superoxide associated with STZ diabetes were normalised with VEGF treatment. Nitrates 29-36 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 138-142 16415212-3 2006 AtNRT3.1 accounts for greater than 99% of NRT3 mRNA and is induced 6-fold by nitrate. Nitrates 77-84 nitrate transmembrane transporter Arabidopsis thaliana 0-8 16415212-6 2006 Nitrate induction of the nitrate transporter genes AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was reduced in Atnrt3.1 mutant plants, and this reduced expression was correlated with reduced nitrate concentrations in the tissues. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 51-59 16415212-6 2006 Nitrate induction of the nitrate transporter genes AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was reduced in Atnrt3.1 mutant plants, and this reduced expression was correlated with reduced nitrate concentrations in the tissues. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 64-72 16415212-6 2006 Nitrate induction of the nitrate transporter genes AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was reduced in Atnrt3.1 mutant plants, and this reduced expression was correlated with reduced nitrate concentrations in the tissues. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate transmembrane transporter Arabidopsis thaliana 88-96 16415212-6 2006 Nitrate induction of the nitrate transporter genes AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was reduced in Atnrt3.1 mutant plants, and this reduced expression was correlated with reduced nitrate concentrations in the tissues. Nitrates 25-32 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 51-59 16415212-6 2006 Nitrate induction of the nitrate transporter genes AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was reduced in Atnrt3.1 mutant plants, and this reduced expression was correlated with reduced nitrate concentrations in the tissues. Nitrates 25-32 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 64-72 16415212-6 2006 Nitrate induction of the nitrate transporter genes AtNRT1.1 and AtNRT2.1 was reduced in Atnrt3.1 mutant plants, and this reduced expression was correlated with reduced nitrate concentrations in the tissues. Nitrates 25-32 nitrate transmembrane transporter Arabidopsis thaliana 88-96 16415212-7 2006 Constitutive high-affinity influx was reduced by 34% and 89%, respectively, in Atnrt3.1-1 and Atnrt3.1-2 mutant plants, while high-affinity nitrate-inducible influx was reduced by 92% and 96%, respectively, following induction with 1 mm KNO(3) after 7 d of nitrogen deprivation. Nitrates 140-147 nitrate transmembrane transporter Arabidopsis thaliana 94-102 16673818-5 2006 When the initial nitrate concentration was 30.2 mg NO3- -N / L, the denitrification efficiency was 57.3% at an applied electric current of 15 mA and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 hours. Nitrates 17-24 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 51-54 16471967-13 2006 In 11 (L10 and NO3-), the nitrate acts as a bidentate ligand and an [Ag-NO3-]infinity chain is formed. Nitrates 26-33 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 15-18 16471967-13 2006 In 11 (L10 and NO3-), the nitrate acts as a bidentate ligand and an [Ag-NO3-]infinity chain is formed. Nitrates 26-33 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 72-75 16673818-7 2006 The nitrate removal rate of the reactor was 34.4 g NO3- -N/m3 x d, and the surface area loading was 1.34 g NO3- -N / m2 x d. CONCLUSION: The coated electrode may keep high quantity of biomass, thus achieving a high denitrification rate. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 51-54 16673818-7 2006 The nitrate removal rate of the reactor was 34.4 g NO3- -N/m3 x d, and the surface area loading was 1.34 g NO3- -N / m2 x d. CONCLUSION: The coated electrode may keep high quantity of biomass, thus achieving a high denitrification rate. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 107-110 16739926-4 2006 It has very short life span and is converted into nitrites (NO2-) and nitrates (NO3-). Nitrates 70-78 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 80-83 16417494-4 2006 A total of 51 operons were directly or indirectly activated by NarL in response to nitrate; a further 41 operons were repressed. Nitrates 83-90 DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator NarL Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 63-67 16417494-6 2006 Global repression by the nitrate- and nitrite-responsive two-component system, NarQ-NarP, was shown for the first time. Nitrates 25-32 DNA-binding transcriptional dual regulator NarP Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 84-88 16686191-1 2006 PBS, a new kind of biodegradable polymers (BDPs), was used as carbon source and biofilm carrier to remove nitrate from drinking water. Nitrates 106-113 cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 16495753-1 2006 The present study was designed to determine if endogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) affects the process of nitrate tolerance development in blood vessels. Nitrates 120-127 calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha Rattus norvegicus 91-95 16523632-2 2006 The half-life of NO averages only 3 to 4 s in biological fluids, where it is rapidly converted to the stable oxidation products nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-). Nitrates 147-154 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 156-159 16331442-5 2006 The TOX method is moderately sensitive to nitrate rinse volume. Nitrates 42-49 thymocyte selection associated high mobility group box Homo sapiens 4-7 16391109-0 2006 Involvement of NarK1 and NarK2 proteins in transport of nitrate and nitrite in the denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Nitrates 56-63 nitrite extrusion protein 1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 15-20 16391109-0 2006 Involvement of NarK1 and NarK2 proteins in transport of nitrate and nitrite in the denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Nitrates 56-63 nitrite extrusion protein 2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 25-30 16391109-1 2006 Two transmembrane proteins were tentatively classified as NarK1 and NarK2 in the Pseudomonas genome project and hypothesized to play an important physiological role in nitrate/nitrite transport in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nitrates 168-175 nitrite extrusion protein 1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 58-63 16391109-1 2006 Two transmembrane proteins were tentatively classified as NarK1 and NarK2 in the Pseudomonas genome project and hypothesized to play an important physiological role in nitrate/nitrite transport in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nitrates 168-175 nitrite extrusion protein 2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 68-73 16095667-8 2006 It was concluded that long-term exposure to high nitrate intake by drinking water and home made meals from local products results in increased thyroid volume and increased frequency of signs of subclinical thyroid disorders (thyroid hypoechogenicity by ultrasound, increased TSH level and positive anti-TPO). Nitrates 49-56 thyroid peroxidase Homo sapiens 303-306 16739926-6 2006 Prior determination of NO2-/NO3- the nitrates were reduced to nitrites with zinc, and total level of NO2- was detected by Griess reaction. Nitrates 37-45 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 28-31 16720601-8 2006 However, the vtc2 mutants produced greater numbers of longer LRs than wild-type or vtc1 plants at all levels of nitrate. Nitrates 112-119 GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-17 16452058-11 2006 Fucoidin caused an increase in the fractional excretion of nitrates, a response accompanied by increased iNOS mRNA. Nitrates 59-67 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 105-109 23074496-6 2006 CONVENTIONAL APPROACHES TO RESTORING THE BALANCE BETWEEN OXYGEN SUPPLY AND DEMAND FOCUS ON THE DISRUPTION OF THE UNDERLYING DISEASE THROUGH: drug therapy (beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, antiplatelet agents, ACE inhibitors, statins); life-style modifications (smoking cessation, weight loss); or revascularization techniques such as coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) or percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Nitrates 196-204 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 227-230 16223957-5 2006 Inhibition of cellular nitrate/nitrite synthesis in RAW, rat mesangium, and human embryonic kidney 293 cells after iNOS induction showed 40- to 100-fold higher IC(50) values than at the isolated enzyme, in agreement with the much higher l-arginine concentrations in cell culture media and inside intact cells. Nitrates 23-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 115-119 16800771-10 2006 In vivo mechanistic studies with BRBs indicate that they reduce the growth rate of premalignant esophageal cells, in part, through down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 leading to reduced prostaglandin production and of inducible nitric oxide synthase leading to reduced nitrate/nitrite levels in the esophagus. Nitrates 269-276 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 150-166 16367968-5 2006 The seedling phenotype of vp10 mutants is consistent with disruptions in ABA and auxin biosynthesis, as well as a disruption in nitrate metabolism. Nitrates 128-135 viviparous10 Zea mays 26-30 16532746-7 2006 The oxygen/nitrate return sludge model block predicts a 10% improvement of N removal performance under dynamic conditions, and might be the better modelling option for ASM1 plants: it is computationally more efficient and it will not overrate the importance of decay processes in the settler. Nitrates 11-18 H19 imprinted maternally expressed transcript Homo sapiens 168-172 16387564-1 2005 Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors have modest nitrate-like hemodynamic effects, lowering wedge pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and systolic and diastolic arterial pressure. Nitrates 50-57 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 0-19 16387564-1 2005 Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors have modest nitrate-like hemodynamic effects, lowering wedge pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and systolic and diastolic arterial pressure. Nitrates 50-57 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 21-25 16387566-5 2005 The duration of interaction between a PDE5 inhibitor and nitrate administration depends on the specific drug being studied. Nitrates 57-64 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 38-42 16387572-6 2005 The emergency physician needs to have evidence-based guidance on how best to treat patients with potential ACS who are being treated for ED, how much time must elapse between the last dose of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor and treatment with nitrates, and how to modify treatment of patients with ACS when patients have recently used a PDE5 inhibitor. Nitrates 248-256 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 342-346 16387572-7 2005 Additionally, patients who have been prescribed a PDE5 inhibitor should be educated on the use of nitrates and the need to inform physicians about the use of PDE5 inhibitors during all encounters so that risk can be minimized. Nitrates 98-106 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 50-54 16262716-0 2005 Genetic analysis of Arabidopsis GATA transcription factor gene family reveals a nitrate-inducible member important for chlorophyll synthesis and glucose sensitivity. Nitrates 80-87 GATA type zinc finger transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 32-36 16235022-0 2005 The mobA gene is required for assimilatory and respiratory nitrate reduction but not xanthine dehydrogenase activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nitrates 59-66 MobA mobilisation protein Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4-8 16235022-4 2005 Regulation studies using a Phi(PA3030-lacZGm) reporter strain suggest that expression of mobA is not influenced by the type of nitrogen source or by anaerobiosis, whereas assimilatory nitrate reductase activity was detected only in the presence of nitrate. Nitrates 184-191 reductase Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 192-201 16006543-6 2005 Nitrate/nitrite plasma levels of Hct-augmented hamsters increased relative to control and L-NAME treated animals. Nitrates 0-7 hair constriction Mus musculus 33-36 16269753-5 2005 Additional experiments revealed that the level of tceA expression was independent of the concentration of chlorinated ethenes (sum concentrations of TCE and DCEs of 2.2 to 333 microM), the concentration of the electron donor hydrogen (concentrations of 12 nM to 17 microM), and the presence of alternate bacterial electron acceptors (5 mM concentrations of fumarate, sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, nitrate, or nitrite) but was highly dependent on incubation temperature. Nitrates 398-405 transcription elongation factor A1 Homo sapiens 50-54 16307975-8 2005 Our results showed that diabetic rats were associated with increased 8-OHdG, IL-6, and ET-1 decreased [nitrate+nitrite]. Nitrates 103-110 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 87-91 16214035-2 2005 Through a metabonomics approach termed "NObonomics," the effects of a prototypic NO donor (organic nitrate)-cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor hybrid (NO-coxib), NMI-1093, on the NO metabolite status of the circulation and major organs have been profiled in vivo in the rat. Nitrates 99-106 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 108-124 16262716-8 2005 A transcript profiling experiment revealed that a considerable proportion of genes downregulated in the loss-of-function mutants are involved in carbon metabolism and At5g56860 is thus designated GNC (GATA, nitrate-inducible, carbon metabolism-involved). Nitrates 207-214 GATA type zinc finger transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 196-199 16199562-2 2005 Transcription initiation from the Escherichia coli napF operon control region is activated by the Fnr protein in response to anaerobiosis and by the NarQ-NarP two-component regulatory system in response to nitrate or nitrite. Nitrates 206-213 napF Haemophilus influenzae Rd KW20 51-55 16189417-6 2005 Furthermore, STAT-6 mice receiving DSS had dramatically higher levels of serum nitrite/nitrate than all other groups. Nitrates 87-94 signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 Mus musculus 13-19 16199562-2 2005 Transcription initiation from the Escherichia coli napF operon control region is activated by the Fnr protein in response to anaerobiosis and by the NarQ-NarP two-component regulatory system in response to nitrate or nitrite. Nitrates 206-213 response regulator Haemophilus influenzae Rd KW20 154-158 16199562-8 2005 By contrast, expression from the H. influenzae napF-lacZ operon fusion in E. coli was stimulated equally well by nitrate in both narP and narL null mutants, indicating that phospho-NarL and -NarP are equally effective regulators of this promoter. Nitrates 113-120 napF Haemophilus influenzae Rd KW20 47-51 16157886-5 2005 NRT2.1 encodes a putative high-affinity nitrate transporter that functions at low external nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 40-47 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 16212609-9 2005 A significant number of the responding genes are known to regulate light (PHYA, PSK1, CIP8, PAT1, APRR), auxin (Aux/IAA), ethylene (ETR2, EIN3, ERFs/EREBPs), gibberellin (GAI, RGA1, GA20 oxidase), nitrate (NTR2, NIA) and sugar (STP1, SUS1) dependent processes, indicating intense crosstalk with environmental cues, other hormones and metabolites. Nitrates 197-204 phytosulfokine 1 precursor Arabidopsis thaliana 80-84 16212609-9 2005 A significant number of the responding genes are known to regulate light (PHYA, PSK1, CIP8, PAT1, APRR), auxin (Aux/IAA), ethylene (ETR2, EIN3, ERFs/EREBPs), gibberellin (GAI, RGA1, GA20 oxidase), nitrate (NTR2, NIA) and sugar (STP1, SUS1) dependent processes, indicating intense crosstalk with environmental cues, other hormones and metabolites. Nitrates 197-204 COP1-interacting protein 8 Arabidopsis thaliana 86-90 16212609-9 2005 A significant number of the responding genes are known to regulate light (PHYA, PSK1, CIP8, PAT1, APRR), auxin (Aux/IAA), ethylene (ETR2, EIN3, ERFs/EREBPs), gibberellin (GAI, RGA1, GA20 oxidase), nitrate (NTR2, NIA) and sugar (STP1, SUS1) dependent processes, indicating intense crosstalk with environmental cues, other hormones and metabolites. Nitrates 197-204 GRAS family transcription factor Arabidopsis thaliana 92-96 16212609-9 2005 A significant number of the responding genes are known to regulate light (PHYA, PSK1, CIP8, PAT1, APRR), auxin (Aux/IAA), ethylene (ETR2, EIN3, ERFs/EREBPs), gibberellin (GAI, RGA1, GA20 oxidase), nitrate (NTR2, NIA) and sugar (STP1, SUS1) dependent processes, indicating intense crosstalk with environmental cues, other hormones and metabolites. Nitrates 197-204 GRAS family transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 176-180 16212609-9 2005 A significant number of the responding genes are known to regulate light (PHYA, PSK1, CIP8, PAT1, APRR), auxin (Aux/IAA), ethylene (ETR2, EIN3, ERFs/EREBPs), gibberellin (GAI, RGA1, GA20 oxidase), nitrate (NTR2, NIA) and sugar (STP1, SUS1) dependent processes, indicating intense crosstalk with environmental cues, other hormones and metabolites. Nitrates 197-204 NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase A Arabidopsis thaliana 206-210 16212609-9 2005 A significant number of the responding genes are known to regulate light (PHYA, PSK1, CIP8, PAT1, APRR), auxin (Aux/IAA), ethylene (ETR2, EIN3, ERFs/EREBPs), gibberellin (GAI, RGA1, GA20 oxidase), nitrate (NTR2, NIA) and sugar (STP1, SUS1) dependent processes, indicating intense crosstalk with environmental cues, other hormones and metabolites. Nitrates 197-204 sugar transporter 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 228-232 16212609-9 2005 A significant number of the responding genes are known to regulate light (PHYA, PSK1, CIP8, PAT1, APRR), auxin (Aux/IAA), ethylene (ETR2, EIN3, ERFs/EREBPs), gibberellin (GAI, RGA1, GA20 oxidase), nitrate (NTR2, NIA) and sugar (STP1, SUS1) dependent processes, indicating intense crosstalk with environmental cues, other hormones and metabolites. Nitrates 197-204 sucrose synthase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 234-238 16408766-7 2005 Recent studies indicate that the alternations of PKG expression and activity are closely related with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, restenosis, hypertension, hyperlipemia as well as nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 189-196 protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 Homo sapiens 49-52 16157886-8 2005 Furthermore, lateral root initiation is increased in lin1 relative to WT even when seedlings are grown on nitrate-free media, suggesting that the mutant phenotype is nitrate-independent. Nitrates 106-113 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 53-57 16157886-8 2005 Furthermore, lateral root initiation is increased in lin1 relative to WT even when seedlings are grown on nitrate-free media, suggesting that the mutant phenotype is nitrate-independent. Nitrates 166-173 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 53-57 16157886-10 2005 We propose that Arabidopsis NRT2.1 acts either as a nitrate sensor or signal transducer to coordinate the development of the root system with nutritional cues. Nitrates 52-59 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 28-32 16157886-6 2005 Direct measurement of nitrate uptake and nitrate content in the lin1 mutant seedlings established that both are indeed reduced. Nitrates 22-29 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 64-68 16157886-6 2005 Direct measurement of nitrate uptake and nitrate content in the lin1 mutant seedlings established that both are indeed reduced. Nitrates 41-48 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 64-68 16133968-10 2005 The downregulation of nitrate/nitrite by these inhibitors suggests that TNF-alpha modulates iNOS expression. Nitrates 22-29 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 72-81 16156615-4 2005 IR and Raman analyses of 11a and 12a were performed to determine the coordination behavior of the nitrate counteranion, and it was found that both NO3- and H2O coordinate to the metal centers. Nitrates 98-105 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 147-150 15886273-10 2005 The protective effects of kallikrein were accompanied by increased urinary nitrate/nitrite and cGMP levels, and suppression of superoxide formation. Nitrates 75-82 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 26-36 16392746-0 2005 Regulation of glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase in pea mutants rrrbrb, rrRbRb, and RRrbrb during nitrate nitrogen assimilation. Nitrates 112-119 glutamate-ammonia ligase Homo sapiens 14-34 16139272-5 2005 These data indicate that Ang II nitrates and activates ERK1/2 via a reactive species-sensitive pathway. Nitrates 32-40 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 25-31 16139272-5 2005 These data indicate that Ang II nitrates and activates ERK1/2 via a reactive species-sensitive pathway. Nitrates 32-40 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 Rattus norvegicus 55-61 16191399-5 2005 "Early entry" therapy with nitrates do not significantly improve survival in myocardial infarction but increases the beneficial effects of the ACE-inhibitor enalapril by 50%. Nitrates 27-35 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 143-146 16051882-3 2005 Recent animal data suggest that mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) plays a central role in nitrate bioactivation, but its role in humans is not known. Nitrates 101-108 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Homo sapiens 70-75 16133968-10 2005 The downregulation of nitrate/nitrite by these inhibitors suggests that TNF-alpha modulates iNOS expression. Nitrates 22-29 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 92-96 16148069-5 2005 We synthesized a novel organic nitrate [ethyl nitrate (ENO2)], tested it in vitro, and administered it to hypoxic piglets. Nitrates 31-38 enolase 2 Homo sapiens 55-59 16440845-6 2005 In nitrate treated animals, the weight of thyroid gland was increased significantly (P<0.001) while thyroid peroxidase activity (P<0.01), serum T4 (P<0.01) and serum T3 levels (P<0.001) were reduced; but serum TSH level was increased (P<0.001) along with slightly elevated iodine excretion level (P<0.001) in comparison to control animals. Nitrates 3-10 thyroid peroxidase Homo sapiens 103-121 15950430-4 2005 Low concentrations of TNFalpha caused luteolysis, which resulted in a decreased level of P4, and increased levels of PGF2alpha, LTC4 and nitrite/nitrate (stable metabolites of nitric oxide-NO) in the blood. Nitrates 145-152 tumor necrosis factor Bos taurus 22-30 16005970-1 2005 In recent years, nitrate (NO3) contamination of groundwater has become a growing concern for people in rural areas in North China Plain (NCP) where groundwater is used as drinking water. Nitrates 17-24 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 26-29 16187580-4 2005 Results are reported here from a study designed to investigate the efficiency of deionized water extraction of aerosol nitrate (NO3-) and sulfate from nylon filters. Nitrates 119-126 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 128-131 16007000-1 2005 OBJECTIVES: Controversy exists regarding the effects of polymorphisms in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene on nitrites/nitrates (NOx) plasma concentrations. Nitrates 135-143 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 77-110 16007000-1 2005 OBJECTIVES: Controversy exists regarding the effects of polymorphisms in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene on nitrites/nitrates (NOx) plasma concentrations. Nitrates 135-143 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 112-116 16013860-5 2005 The disposable sensor responds to nitrate rapidly-the typical response time is 5 min-and reversibly over a wide dynamic range (26 microM-63 mM) with sensor-to-sensor reproducibility (relative standard deviation, RSD, 3.68%, as log aNO3-, at the medium level of the range and RSD 1.39% for repeated measurements with the same sensor). Nitrates 34-41 anoctamin 3 Homo sapiens 231-235 16078689-1 2005 A fast and highly sensitive ion chromatographic method using monolithic ODS columns was developed for the determination of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) in seawater. Nitrates 142-149 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 151-154 16180687-2 2005 The mean contents of nitrate were 0.73 +/- 14.57 mg/100 g, 0.61 +/- 1.12 mg/100 g and 0.25 +/- 0.33 mg/100 g as NO3-, respectively. Nitrates 21-28 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 112-115 15998848-7 2005 Rates of nitrate removal, determined from the ratio of NO3-N to Br and ground water flow, averaged 1.4 g N m(-3) of wall d(-1) and were markedly greater than denitrification rates determined using the acetylene block technique (average: 0.11 g N m(-3) of wall d(-1)). Nitrates 9-16 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 55-58 15998850-8 2005 Nitrate reduction by FeO was rapid and characterized by nearly stoichiometric conversion of NO3- to NH4+. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 92-95 15914972-12 2005 Both CsA and L-NAME reduced urinary nitrate excretion, which was reversed by co-administration of L-Arg. Nitrates 36-43 ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit Homo sapiens 5-8 15622524-5 2005 The appearance of iNOS expression correlates with increased levels of nitrite + nitrate levels and appearance of mitochondrial damage detected either at morphological and biochemical level. Nitrates 80-87 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 18-22 16422846-0 2005 Successful withdrawal of oral long-acting nitrates to facilitate phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor use in stable coronary disease patients with erectile dysfunction. Nitrates 42-50 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 65-89 16422846-2 2005 Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are effective in up to 80% of men but are contraindicated in the presence of oral nitrates, because of a potentially severe hypotensive interaction. Nitrates 125-133 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 0-24 16422846-2 2005 Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are effective in up to 80% of men but are contraindicated in the presence of oral nitrates, because of a potentially severe hypotensive interaction. Nitrates 125-133 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 26-30 16422846-5 2005 MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Discontinuation of oral nitrates to facilitate subsequent use of PDE5 therapy. Nitrates 47-55 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 88-92 16422846-10 2005 Forty-nine of the 52 men no longer taking nitrates were treated with a PDE5 inhibitor which was effective in 22 out of 26 (85%) patients who have completed follow-up. Nitrates 42-50 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 71-75 16422846-13 2005 CONCLUSION: Oral nitrates can be discontinued in the presence of continuing beta-blockade and/or calcium antagonist therapy in stable coronary disease patients with ED to allow for the safe use of PDE5 inhibitors. Nitrates 17-25 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 197-201 15829709-5 2005 Total urinary nitrate and nitrite (NOx) excretion rates in UT-A1/3(-/-) mice were more than double those in wild-type mice. Nitrates 14-21 solute carrier family 14 (urea transporter), member 2 Mus musculus 59-64 15908593-0 2005 Light-dark changes in cytosolic nitrate pools depend on nitrate reductase activity in Arabidopsis leaf cells. Nitrates 32-39 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 56-73 15908593-8 2005 To study the role of assimilation, specifically the activity of NR in regulating the size of the cytosolic nitrate pool, we have compared wild-type and mutant plants. Nitrates 107-114 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 64-66 15908593-10 2005 Such changes were not observed in nia1nia2 NR-deficient plants indicating that this change in cytosolic nitrate activity was dependent on the presence of functional NR. Nitrates 104-111 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 165-167 15908593-12 2005 Epidermal cells of both wild type and NR mutants had cytosolic nitrate activities that were not significantly different from mesophyll cells in the dark and were unaltered by dark-to-light transitions. Nitrates 63-70 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 38-40 15908593-13 2005 We propose that the NR-dependent changes in cytosolic nitrate provide a cellular mechanism for the diurnal changes in vacuolar nitrate storage, and the results are discussed in terms of the possible signaling role of cytosolic nitrate. Nitrates 54-61 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-22 15908593-13 2005 We propose that the NR-dependent changes in cytosolic nitrate provide a cellular mechanism for the diurnal changes in vacuolar nitrate storage, and the results are discussed in terms of the possible signaling role of cytosolic nitrate. Nitrates 127-134 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-22 15908593-13 2005 We propose that the NR-dependent changes in cytosolic nitrate provide a cellular mechanism for the diurnal changes in vacuolar nitrate storage, and the results are discussed in terms of the possible signaling role of cytosolic nitrate. Nitrates 127-134 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-22 15963975-3 2005 Coadministration of icatibant, a bradykinin B(2)-receptor antagonist (200 microg/kg/day), with enalapril blunted the stimulatory effect of the ACE inhibitor on eNOS mRNA expression, circulating levels of nitrite/nitrate, the relaxant activity of ACh and the release of 6-keto-PGF1alpha in L-NAME-treated rats. Nitrates 212-219 angiotensin I converting enzyme Rattus norvegicus 143-146 22063496-4 2005 The effects of temperature, salt content, pH value and nitrate content on the activities of cathepsin B and L were evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM) and the actual activities of cathepsin B and L during Jinhua ham processing were calculated. Nitrates 55-62 cathepsin B Sus scrofa 92-103 15847422-3 2005 When La(NO3)3 x 7H2O is used in place of LaCl3 x 6H2O, a similar structure is formed with the empirical formula, [La(pdc)(H2O)4] x NO3 (2), where water molecules and the nitrate anions occupy the voids as in the case of 1. Nitrates 170-177 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 8-11 15847422-3 2005 When La(NO3)3 x 7H2O is used in place of LaCl3 x 6H2O, a similar structure is formed with the empirical formula, [La(pdc)(H2O)4] x NO3 (2), where water molecules and the nitrate anions occupy the voids as in the case of 1. Nitrates 170-177 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 131-134 15971422-2 2005 Nitrotyrosine is formed by nitration of tyrosine by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite, the formation of which may be enhanced by xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), since it can generate nitric oxide from nitrite/nitrate, and superoxide during xanthine metabolism. Nitrates 222-229 xanthine dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 143-166 15971422-2 2005 Nitrotyrosine is formed by nitration of tyrosine by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite, the formation of which may be enhanced by xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), since it can generate nitric oxide from nitrite/nitrate, and superoxide during xanthine metabolism. Nitrates 222-229 xanthine dehydrogenase Rattus norvegicus 168-171 15808411-7 2005 Nitrite formed either by autooxidation of NO or by conversion of nitrate to nitrite by xanthine oxidase was converted into the powerful nitric dioxide radical by lactoperoxidase and H(2)O(2) that is derived from the metabolism of xanthine oxidase. Nitrates 65-72 lactoperoxidase Bos taurus 162-177 15820896-4 2005 Each (py)2C(OEt)O- ion functions as an eta1:eta2:eta1:mu2 ligand in 1.0.5H2O chelating the two ZnII atoms through the 2-pyridyl nitrogen atoms and the common bridging, deprotonated oxygen atom; one asymmetric chelating nitrate completes six coordination at each metal center. Nitrates 219-226 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Homo sapiens 39-43 15838044-5 2005 Like aerobic conditions, anaerobic derepression of TCA cycle enzymes in an ArcA mutant significantly increased the in vivo TCA flux when nitrate was present as an electron acceptor. Nitrates 137-144 arginine deiminase Escherichia coli 75-79 15507538-10 2005 Both GHRP-2 (10(-7) M) and ghrelin (10(-7) M) prevented endotoxin-induced IL-6 and decreased nitrite/nitrate release from peritoneal macrophages in vitro. Nitrates 101-108 ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide Rattus norvegicus 27-34 16229082-7 2005 Data show, moreover, that the Arabidopsis dual affinity nitrate transporter NRT1.1 (CHL1) may be involved in conveying the nitrate signal into seeds. Nitrates 56-63 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 76-82 16229082-7 2005 Data show, moreover, that the Arabidopsis dual affinity nitrate transporter NRT1.1 (CHL1) may be involved in conveying the nitrate signal into seeds. Nitrates 56-63 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 84-88 15788155-3 2005 Murine IFN-gamma-activated peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) produced nitric oxide (NO), measured as nitrite plus nitrate, and superoxide. Nitrates 111-118 interferon gamma Mus musculus 7-16 15718929-7 2005 Similarly, L-NMMA given prophylactically, but not therapeutically, blocked TNF-alpha-induced increases in exhaled NO flow rates and plasma nitrite and nitrate concentrations (both P = 0.02). Nitrates 151-158 tumor necrosis factor Canis lupus familiaris 75-84 15623798-8 2005 Phosphorylated eNOS (pp-eNOS) protein levels in BRECs were significantly increased from low to high flow in both mono- and cocultures, concomitant with a significant increase in nitrate levels in the conditioned medium after exposure to pulsatile flow. Nitrates 178-185 nitric oxide synthase 3 Bos taurus 15-19 15683794-4 2005 Compared with perchlorate solutions, the positive peak of nitrate solutions has a red shift of about 20 cm(-1) and the peak area is about half of that of perchlorate solutions with the same concentrations, indicating that the hydrogen bonding between NO3- and water monomers is relative stronger than that between ClO4- and water monomers, and NO3- has a strict requirement on the orientation of water molecules when hydrogen bonded with water monomers due to its planar structure. Nitrates 58-65 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 251-254 15683794-4 2005 Compared with perchlorate solutions, the positive peak of nitrate solutions has a red shift of about 20 cm(-1) and the peak area is about half of that of perchlorate solutions with the same concentrations, indicating that the hydrogen bonding between NO3- and water monomers is relative stronger than that between ClO4- and water monomers, and NO3- has a strict requirement on the orientation of water molecules when hydrogen bonded with water monomers due to its planar structure. Nitrates 58-65 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 344-347 16851295-5 2005 In contrast, with Y = NO3-, compounds such as CO or NO are formed during thermal treatment, indicating that nitrate ions burn the en ligands. Nitrates 108-115 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 22-25 15707067-1 2005 This study investigated the reaction mechanisms of nitrate (NO3-) with zerovalent iron (ZVI) media under conditions relevantto groundwatertreatment using permeable reactive barriers (PRB). Nitrates 51-58 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 60-63 16161783-5 2005 In addition, the reaction of hydrocarbons with NO3 potentially has important implications for NOy speciation because a significant fraction of organic nitrates thus formed are sufficiently long-lived to leave the planetary boundary layer. Nitrates 151-159 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 47-50 15742413-8 2005 Plasma ET-1 level in DU patients was higher than that of H pylori-negative and positive controls (3.59+/-0.96 vs 0.89+/-0.54 vs 0.3+/-0.2 pg/mL, P<0.01), while nitrate/nitrite levels among them were also significantly different (8.55+/-0.71 vs 5.27+/-0.68 vs 6.39+/-0.92 mumol/L, P<0.05). Nitrates 163-170 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 7-11 15693824-4 2005 Nitrate reduction varied between individuals (mean 85.4 +/- 15.9 nmol nitrite min(-1) with 10 ml 1 mm KNO(3) mouth wash) and was found to be concentrated at the rear of the tongue dorsal surface. Nitrates 0-7 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 78-84 15707054-1 2005 Nitrate (NO3) is one of the world"s major pollutants of drinking water resources. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 16101430-1 2005 Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, have been used in clinical practice for more than one century for the treatment of angina, even before the identification of Nitric Oxide (NO) as the so-called Endothelium Derived Relaxing Factor (EDRF). Nitrates 8-16 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 238-242 21676740-8 2005 We propose hypotheses suggesting that nitrate could alter steroidogenesis by 1) conversion to nitrite and nitric oxide in the mitochondria, the site of initial steroid synthesis, 2) altering Cl(-) ion concentrations in the cell by substituting for Cl(-) in the membrane transport pump or 3) binding to the heme region of various P450 enzymes associated with steroidogenesis and altering enzymatic action. Nitrates 38-45 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6 Homo sapiens 329-333 15623798-8 2005 Phosphorylated eNOS (pp-eNOS) protein levels in BRECs were significantly increased from low to high flow in both mono- and cocultures, concomitant with a significant increase in nitrate levels in the conditioned medium after exposure to pulsatile flow. Nitrates 178-185 nitric oxide synthase 3 Bos taurus 24-28 16187256-1 2005 Cell-free extracts of nitrate-grown Penicillium politans NRC-510 catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of cytidine to uridine. Nitrates 22-29 nuclear receptor coactivator 6 Homo sapiens 57-60 15554929-8 2004 In contrast, PARP-1(-/-) mice exhibited a significant reduction of colon damage and apoptosis, which was associated with increased colonic expression of Bcl-2 and lower levels of plasma nitrate/nitrite when compared to wild-type mice. Nitrates 186-193 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1 Mus musculus 13-19 16459821-7 2005 Daily nitrate concentration as low as 1 mgN/L could be monitored in the effluent in some periods. Nitrates 6-13 helt bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 40-43 15498507-1 2004 It has been reported that macrophages produce substantial amounts of nitrite and nitrate after addition of catalase, but the mechanism associated remains unclear. Nitrates 81-88 catalase Mus musculus 107-115 15690230-7 2005 Nitrate (NO3) concentrations dropped immediately after plant incorporation, and then rose monotonically until the end of the experiments. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 15607619-6 2004 The level of plasma nitrite/nitrate was associated with the change in iNOS expression in SHR. Nitrates 28-35 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 70-74 15577225-6 2004 Pretreatment with protocatechuic acid isopropyl ester effectively suppressed the LPS/GalN-induced increase in plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha alanine aminotransferase (ALT), nitrite/nitrate levels, and hepatic malondialdehyde levels. Nitrates 191-198 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 81-84 15452775-1 2004 The mechanism for the reaction between nitric oxide (NO) and O(2) bound to the heme iron of myoglobin (Mb), including the following isomerization to nitrate, has been investigated using hybrid density functional theory (B3LYP). Nitrates 149-156 myoglobin Homo sapiens 92-101 15567873-4 2004 METHODS: We used data from a multicentre, case-control study with maternal information on residential water source, and nitrate/nitrite levels of tap water measured by dipstick. Nitrates 120-127 nuclear RNA export factor 1 Homo sapiens 146-149 15527785-4 2004 In cell homogenates, consumption of NO critically depended on the presence of NADPH or NADH and resulted in the formation of nitrate. Nitrates 125-132 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1 Homo sapiens 78-83 15475378-0 2004 Nitrate reductase regulation in tomato roots by exogenous nitrate: a possible role in tolerance to long-term root anoxia. Nitrates 58-65 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 0-17 15475378-1 2004 The mechanism of nitrate reductase (NR) regulation under long-term anoxia in roots of whole plants and the putative role of nitrate in anoxia tolerance have been addressed. Nitrates 17-24 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 36-38 15475378-5 2004 NR was slightly dephosphorylated in the absence of oxygen and nitrate. Nitrates 62-69 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 0-2 15475378-6 2004 Under anoxia, NR dephosphorylation was modulated by nitrate-controlled NR activity. Nitrates 52-59 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 14-16 15475378-6 2004 Under anoxia, NR dephosphorylation was modulated by nitrate-controlled NR activity. Nitrates 52-59 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 71-73 15821986-0 2004 Ammonium transporter genes in Chlamydomonas: the nitrate-specific regulatory gene Nit2 is involved in Amt1;1 expression. Nitrates 49-56 nitrilase family member 2 Homo sapiens 82-86 15821986-10 2004 This second effect of nitrate was dependent on the functionality of the regulatory gene Nit2, specific for nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 22-29 nitrilase family member 2 Homo sapiens 88-92 15821986-10 2004 This second effect of nitrate was dependent on the functionality of the regulatory gene Nit2, specific for nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 107-114 nitrilase family member 2 Homo sapiens 88-92 15821986-11 2004 Thus, NIT2 would have a dual role on gene expression: the well-known positive one on nitrate assimilation and a novel negative one on Amt1;1 regulation. Nitrates 85-92 nitrilase family member 2 Homo sapiens 6-10 15465035-4 2004 We investigated the effect of the clinically used nitrates nitroglycerin (NTG), isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on HIF-1-mediated transcriptional responses to hypoxia. Nitrates 50-58 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 143-148 15465035-5 2004 We demonstrate that among the three nitrates, only SNP inhibits HIF-1 activation in response to hypoxia. Nitrates 36-44 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 64-69 15331769-4 2004 Likewise, benomyl decreased GTN- and PETN-elicited phosphorylation of the cGMP-activated protein kinase substrate vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) but not that elicited by other nitrates. Nitrates 190-198 vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein Rattus norvegicus 153-157 15331769-5 2004 The vasodilator potency of organic nitrates correlated with their potency to inhibit ALDH-2 dehydrogenase activity in mitochondria from rat heart and increase mitochondrial superoxide formation, as detected by chemiluminescence. Nitrates 35-43 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Rattus norvegicus 85-91 15331769-8 2004 We conclude that mitochondrial ALDH-2, specifically its esterase activity, is required for the bioactivation of the organic nitrates with high vasodilator potency, such as GTN and PETN, but not for the less potent nitrates. Nitrates 124-132 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Rattus norvegicus 31-37 15205115-4 2004 We investigated the effect of LPS on nitrate/nitrite and cytokine production in relation to the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, NTCP, BSEP, and MRP2 both at the level of mRNA with RT-PCR and protein using immunofluorescence microscopy. Nitrates 37-44 solute carrier family 10 member 1 Homo sapiens 143-147 15205115-4 2004 We investigated the effect of LPS on nitrate/nitrite and cytokine production in relation to the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, NTCP, BSEP, and MRP2 both at the level of mRNA with RT-PCR and protein using immunofluorescence microscopy. Nitrates 37-44 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2 Homo sapiens 159-163 15210285-7 2004 Well water in the region of Fez has moderately poor water quality with nitrate and metal enrichments. Nitrates 71-78 FEZ family zinc finger 1 Homo sapiens 28-31 15454240-2 2004 The inhibition of the newly discovered cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozyme XIII of murine origin (mCA XIII) has been investigated with a series of anions, such as the physiological ones (bicarbonate, chloride), or the metal complexing anions (cyanate, cyanide, azide, hydrogen sulfide, etc), nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, sulfamate, sulfamide as well as with phenylboronic and phenylarsonic acids. Nitrates 310-317 carbonic anhydrase 13 Mus musculus 116-124 15521966-7 2004 The serum concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and nitrite/nitrate were significantly lower in the E4 group than in the E2 group (P < 0.05). Nitrates 83-90 ubiquitination factor E4A Homo sapiens 123-125 15310822-0 2004 Quantitative trait loci analysis of nitrate storage in Arabidopsis leading to an investigation of the contribution of the anion channel gene, AtCLC-c, to variation in nitrate levels. Nitrates 167-174 chloride channel C Arabidopsis thaliana 142-149 15336795-5 2004 Nitrate reduction was likely due to microbial degradation of accumulated organic matter coupled with successive consumption of O2 and NO3- in the macropore water followed by reductive dissolution of Fe and Mn from minerals along the macropores. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 134-137 15717134-0 2004 Prevention of nitrate tolerance with angiotensin II receptor type 1 blocker in patients with stable angina: yet another failed strategy to prevent tolerance. Nitrates 14-21 angiotensin II receptor type 1 Homo sapiens 37-67 15310822-13 2004 In wild-type plants, expression of AtCLC-c was down-regulated in the presence of nitrate, but ammonium had a much smaller effect while chloride and sulphate did not affect expression. Nitrates 81-88 chloride channel C Arabidopsis thaliana 35-42 15310822-14 2004 These and published results suggest that multiple genes affect nitrate concentrations in plants and that AtCLC-c and other members of the AtCLC gene family play some role in this. Nitrates 63-70 chloride channel C Arabidopsis thaliana 105-112 15509836-7 2004 This study revealed a critical role of AtNRT1:4 in regulating leaf nitrate homeostasis, and the deficiency of AtNRT1:4 can alter leaf development. Nitrates 67-74 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-47 15570973-5 2004 The Co3O4 powders obtained by spraying nitrate solution at 500 degrees C show high specific surface area, which according to the BET method is 82.37 m2/g. Nitrates 39-46 delta/notch like EGF repeat containing Homo sapiens 129-132 15294282-8 2004 The nitrate KM for S-NaR1 was 30 +/- 3 microM, which is very similar to YNaR1. Nitrates 4-11 iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein NAR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 21-25 15509836-0 2004 Mutation of a nitrate transporter, AtNRT1:4, results in a reduced petiole nitrate content and altered leaf development. Nitrates 14-21 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 35-43 15509836-2 2004 In the present study, characterization of the nitrate transporter, AtNRT1:4, revealed a special role of petiole in nitrate homeostasis. Nitrates 46-53 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 67-75 15294282-2 2004 A simplified nitrate reductase (S-NaR1) consisting of Mo-MPT-binding site and nitrate-reducing active site was engineered from yeast Pichia angusta NaR cDNA (YNaR1). Nitrates 13-20 iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein NAR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 34-38 15294282-9 2004 S-NaR1 is capable of specific nitrate reduction, and direct electric current, as shown by catalytic nitrate reduction using protein film cyclic voltammetry, can drive this reaction. Nitrates 30-37 iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein NAR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 2-6 15294282-9 2004 S-NaR1 is capable of specific nitrate reduction, and direct electric current, as shown by catalytic nitrate reduction using protein film cyclic voltammetry, can drive this reaction. Nitrates 100-107 iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein NAR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 2-6 15294282-10 2004 Thus, S-NaR1 is an ideal form of this enzyme for commercial applications, such as an enzymatic nitrate biosensor formulated with S-NaR1 interfaced to an electrode system. Nitrates 95-102 iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein NAR1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 8-12 15333754-0 2004 Genomic analysis of the nitrate response using a nitrate reductase-null mutant of Arabidopsis. Nitrates 24-31 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 49-66 15333754-6 2004 Because the nitrate response of these genes was NR independent, nitrate and not a downstream metabolite served as the signal. Nitrates 12-19 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 48-50 15288585-0 2004 Aldehyde dehydrogenase, nitric oxide synthase and superoxide in ex vivo nitrate tolerance in rat aorta. Nitrates 72-79 aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member A1 Rattus norvegicus 0-22 15288585-9 2004 The discrepancies are consistent with evidence that (a) organic nitrates, unlike chloral and cyanamide, irreversibly inactivate ALDH (hence reduced enzyme saturability can explain the biphasic curve) and (b) eNOS contributes to tolerance by a mechanism independent of glyceryl trinitrate metabolism. Nitrates 64-72 aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member A1 Rattus norvegicus 128-132 15332144-9 2004 Residents with hypertension or diabetes mellitus, using nitrates or who were male were more likely to receive ACE inhibitors. Nitrates 56-64 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 110-113 15332144-10 2004 Appropriate ACE inhibitor doses were associated with functional impairment, nitrate use and recent hospitalization. Nitrates 76-83 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 12-15 15356331-0 2004 AtIPT3 is a key determinant of nitrate-dependent cytokinin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 31-38 isopentenyltransferase 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 15181112-5 2004 Very similar relationships were obtained for the steady-state levels of nii2 and nii4 mRNA in roots (2-4 x 10(5) and 8 x 10(6) copies microg(-1) of total RNA before and after nitrate treatment, respectively), and in leaves (5-9 x 10(4) and 4 x 10(5) copies microg(-1) of total RNA before and after nitrate treatment, respectively). Nitrates 298-305 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic-like Nicotiana tabacum 72-76 15107992-0 2004 Disruption of the nitrate transporter genes AtNRT2.1 and AtNRT2.2 restricts growth at low external nitrate concentration. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 44-52 15107992-0 2004 Disruption of the nitrate transporter genes AtNRT2.1 and AtNRT2.2 restricts growth at low external nitrate concentration. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 44-50 15123642-0 2004 Nitrate reductase activity is required for nitrate uptake into fungal but not plant cells. Nitrates 43-50 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-17 15166094-6 2004 Surprisingly, iNOS expression was not increased at 72 hours; instead, upregulation of neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) was evident at both the mRNA (+266+/-20%, P<0.005) and the protein levels (+195+/-66%, P<0.005), which was accompanied by an increase in myocardial nitrite/nitrate (+20+/-4%, P<0.05). Nitrates 276-283 nitric oxide synthase, brain Oryctolagus cuniculus 108-112 15276738-1 2004 A membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated for denitrification of nitrate (NO3(-)) contaminated drinking water. Nitrates 68-75 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 77-80 15276755-7 2004 Nitrate concentration stabilized at about 6.3 mg NO3-N L(-1) for two weeks during alternating acetate pulse lengths. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 49-52 15123642-3 2004 In addition, loss-of-function nitrate reductase mutants isolated from several nitrate-assimilating fungi appeared to be unable to accumulate nitrate. Nitrates 78-85 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 30-47 15123642-4 2004 Uptake assays using the tracer (13)NO(3)(-) showed that nitrate influx is negligible in cells of a nitrate reductase null mutant. Nitrates 56-63 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 99-116 15123642-1 2004 The ability to transport net nitrate was conferred upon transformant cells of the non-nitrate-assimilating yeast Pichia pastoris after the introduction of two genes, one encoding nitrate reductase and the other nitrate transport. Nitrates 29-36 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 179-196 15123642-5 2004 In parallel studies using a higher eukaryotic plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, loss-of-function nitrate reductase strains homozygous for both NIA1 insertion and NIA2 deletion were found to have no detectable nitrate reductase mRNA or nitrate reductase activity but retained the ability to transport nitrate. Nitrates 92-99 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 138-142 15197447-8 2004 Without any exception it applies to all three PDE 5 inhibitors that they are absolutely contraindicated in patients taking nitrate- or molsidomine-containing medications and that they may interact in particular with non-uroselective alpha-adrenoceptor blockers. Nitrates 123-130 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 46-51 15123642-5 2004 In parallel studies using a higher eukaryotic plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, loss-of-function nitrate reductase strains homozygous for both NIA1 insertion and NIA2 deletion were found to have no detectable nitrate reductase mRNA or nitrate reductase activity but retained the ability to transport nitrate. Nitrates 92-99 nitrate reductase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 157-161 15223851-3 2004 Both of these Pde-5 inhibitors have vasodilating properties and effects on blood pressure (BP), and like nitrates, they work through the nitric oxide cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway. Nitrates 105-113 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 14-19 15214777-4 2004 Chemiluminescence detection experiments show the ability of catalase to catalyze the formation of nitrite and nitrate from hydroxyurea. Nitrates 110-117 catalase Homo sapiens 60-68 15370692-7 2004 Intravenous infusion of human adrenomedullin induced a reduction of mean arterial pressure together with an increase of serum nitrate levels, which was abolished by neutralizing antibody against adrenomedullin. Nitrates 126-133 adrenomedullin Homo sapiens 30-44 15370692-7 2004 Intravenous infusion of human adrenomedullin induced a reduction of mean arterial pressure together with an increase of serum nitrate levels, which was abolished by neutralizing antibody against adrenomedullin. Nitrates 126-133 adrenomedullin Homo sapiens 195-209 15179450-10 2004 The finding of increased liver nitrite/nitrate content in NCX-1000-treated animals together with an increase in cGMP levels in their liver homogenates suggests that this nitro-compound behaves as a liver-selective NO donor. Nitrates 39-46 T cell leukemia homeobox 2 Homo sapiens 58-61 15224139-11 2004 The results suggested that eNOS gene promoter activity was enhanced to 148.2+/-33.7% (P<0.05) of the control after PAECs were incubated with 10 micromol/L histamine for 24 h. The nitrite and nitrate content in culture media measured by colorimetric method after incubation with 10 micromol/L histamine for 24 h indicated that the NO production in PAECs was increased. Nitrates 194-201 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 27-31 15461259-5 2004 When the initial nitrate concentration was 30.7mg NO3- -N/L, the denitrification rate was 38.4% at an applied electric current of 10mA and a hydraulic retention time of 12 hours. Nitrates 17-24 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 50-53 15191513-7 2004 In these patients (inducible nitric oxide synthase-positive group), the serum level of gastrin was significantly higher than that of the inducible nitric oxide synthase-negative group (509.5 +/- 141.5 pg/mL vs. 210.0 +/- 227.2 pg/mL; P < 0.01), whereas there were no significant differences in serum levels of pepsinogen, anti-parietal cell antibody, and nitrate and nitrite or in scores of histological gastritis. Nitrates 358-365 gastrin Homo sapiens 87-94 15212692-0 2004 The outer membrane protein Omp35 affects the reduction of Fe(III), nitrate, and fumarate by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. Nitrates 67-74 porin Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 27-32 15212692-6 2004 Although OMP35-1 grew on all electron acceptors tested, a significant lag was seen when grown on fumarate, nitrate, and Fe(III). Nitrates 107-114 porin Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 9-14 15212692-14 2004 Omp35 is required for normal rates of growth on Fe(III), fumarate, and nitrate, but its absence has no effect on the use of other electron acceptors. Nitrates 71-78 porin Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 0-5 15196936-1 2004 Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH; EC 1.8.1.4) from porcine heart is capable of using nitric oxide (NO) as an electron acceptor, with NADH as the electron donor, forming nitrate in the reaction. Nitrates 173-180 dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-30 15196936-1 2004 Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLDH; EC 1.8.1.4) from porcine heart is capable of using nitric oxide (NO) as an electron acceptor, with NADH as the electron donor, forming nitrate in the reaction. Nitrates 173-180 dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 32-36 15107452-7 2004 The complex regulation of nitrate reduction is likely to have evolved not only to optimize nitrogen assimilation, but also to prevent and control the formation of toxic, and possibly regulatory, products of NR activities. Nitrates 26-33 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 207-209 14963706-1 2004 Nitrate reductase (NR, EC 1.6.6.1) is a key regulatory enzyme in the assimilation of nitrate into amino acids in plant leaves. Nitrates 85-92 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 0-17 14963706-1 2004 Nitrate reductase (NR, EC 1.6.6.1) is a key regulatory enzyme in the assimilation of nitrate into amino acids in plant leaves. Nitrates 85-92 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 19-21 15094329-9 2004 administration show a more pronounced and rapid NO delivery (peak of both NOx and RS-NO at 1 h and plateau between 1 and 2 h), still coincident with the peak of SA, and the presence in plasma of NCX 4015 (a metabolite of NCX 4016 which still bears the nitrate function). Nitrates 252-259 solute carrier family 8 member A1 Rattus norvegicus 195-198 15094329-9 2004 administration show a more pronounced and rapid NO delivery (peak of both NOx and RS-NO at 1 h and plateau between 1 and 2 h), still coincident with the peak of SA, and the presence in plasma of NCX 4015 (a metabolite of NCX 4016 which still bears the nitrate function). Nitrates 252-259 solute carrier family 8 member A1 Rattus norvegicus 221-224 15155540-2 2004 In 8-week-old mice, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels are significantly elevated in the early phase at 6 h and reach their maximum at 24 h to decline to basal value at 48 h. Nitrate+nitrite (NO(x)) levels in the paw are maximal after 2 h and slowly decline thereafter in contrast to prostaglandin E(2) levels that peak in the second phase at the 72 h point. Nitrates 169-176 myeloperoxidase Mus musculus 20-35 15080860-2 2004 Our previous studies suggested a relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NO metabolites (nitrates and nitrites, NN(x)) and IGF-1 in patients with progressive encephalopathy, hypsarrhythmia and optic atrophy syndrome. Nitrates 96-104 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 130-135 15088102-9 2004 Nitrite and nitrate release from hearts before (2.3 +/- 0.9 nmol/min/g) and after (2.4 +/- 1.9 nmol/min/g) 15 min treatment with erythropoietin (1.0 U/ml) were not different. Nitrates 12-19 erythropoietin Oryctolagus cuniculus 129-143 15155540-2 2004 In 8-week-old mice, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels are significantly elevated in the early phase at 6 h and reach their maximum at 24 h to decline to basal value at 48 h. Nitrate+nitrite (NO(x)) levels in the paw are maximal after 2 h and slowly decline thereafter in contrast to prostaglandin E(2) levels that peak in the second phase at the 72 h point. Nitrates 169-176 myeloperoxidase Mus musculus 37-40 15116844-1 2004 Increased nitrate (NO3) concentrations in streamwaters draining forested catchments are reportedly an early indicator of nitrogen (N) saturation. Nitrates 10-17 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 19-22 15224936-1 2004 In the context of agricultural nitrogen excesses in northwestern France, pyrite-bearing weathered schist aquifers represent important hydrological compartments due to their capacity to eliminate nitrate (NO3-). Nitrates 195-202 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 204-207 15135199-9 2004 Nitrate/nitrite level, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) level and creatinine level were also significantly improved in AG+ANGII-treated rats compared to the other groups. Nitrates 0-7 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 128-133 15050440-1 2004 The findings of various studies reporting temporal changes in CSF total nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) vary considerably. Nitrates 80-87 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 62-65 15112822-1 2004 The isotopic composition of nitrate collected from aerosols, fog, and precipitation was measured and found to have a large 17O anomaly with delta17O values ranging from 20 percent per thousand to 30% percent per thousand (delta17O = delta17O - 0.52(delta18O)). Nitrates 28-35 zinc finger protein, FOG family member 1 Homo sapiens 61-64 14665447-12 2004 Expressions of endothelial NOS protein and NOx, the stable end product of NO, i.e., nitrite/nitrate, concentration in the kidney were significantly lower in the vehicle-treated exercise group than in the vehicle-treated sedentary group, whereas those in the TA-0201-treated exercise group were significantly higher than those in the vehicle-treated exercise group. Nitrates 92-99 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 15-30 15115189-8 2004 The one major precaution for men taking PDE5 inhibitors is to avoid concomitant administration of therapeutic and recreational nitrate preparations. Nitrates 127-134 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 40-44 15074615-12 2004 Taking into account the proximity of the sampling site to the sea, and the observed chloride depletion, coarse mode nitrate, during the non-Asian dust period, is assumed to originate from the reaction of nitric acid with sodium chloride on the surfaces of sea-salt particles although the chloride depletion was not shown to be large enough to prove this assumption. Nitrates 116-123 S13 erythroblastosis (avian) oncogene homolog Homo sapiens 256-259 15084732-3 2004 In plants, GATA DNA motifs have been implicated in light-dependent and nitrate-dependent control of transcription. Nitrates 71-78 GATA type zinc finger transcription factor family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 11-15 16649597-4 2004 It has been found out in the present study that in the domestic sewage, the chloride pick-up is 71%, nitrate pick-up is 97%, total hardness pick-up is 20 %, iron pick-up is 98% and zinc pick-up is 98%. Nitrates 101-108 protein interacting with PRKCA 1 Homo sapiens 109-113 16649597-4 2004 It has been found out in the present study that in the domestic sewage, the chloride pick-up is 71%, nitrate pick-up is 97%, total hardness pick-up is 20 %, iron pick-up is 98% and zinc pick-up is 98%. Nitrates 101-108 protein interacting with PRKCA 1 Homo sapiens 109-113 16649597-4 2004 It has been found out in the present study that in the domestic sewage, the chloride pick-up is 71%, nitrate pick-up is 97%, total hardness pick-up is 20 %, iron pick-up is 98% and zinc pick-up is 98%. Nitrates 101-108 protein interacting with PRKCA 1 Homo sapiens 109-113 16649597-4 2004 It has been found out in the present study that in the domestic sewage, the chloride pick-up is 71%, nitrate pick-up is 97%, total hardness pick-up is 20 %, iron pick-up is 98% and zinc pick-up is 98%. Nitrates 101-108 protein interacting with PRKCA 1 Homo sapiens 109-113 15041240-5 2004 The monomeric 8-coordinate complex [Bi(mtsc)2(NO3)], 4b, which was obtained by slow evaporation in MeOH of the 1.5 hydrates 4a, was depicted with one electron pair of the bismuth(III) atom, two deprotonated mtsc- ligand and one nitrate ion. Nitrates 228-235 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 46-49 14871307-11 2004 Nevertheless, our findings indicate the possibility that 14-3-3 binding to SnRK1-phosphorylated sites on NR and F2KP may regulate both nitrate assimilation and sucrose/starch partitioning in leaves. Nitrates 135-142 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 105-107 15076233-0 2004 Development of insulin resistance by nitrate tolerance in conscious rabbits. Nitrates 37-44 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 15-22 15076233-8 2004 We conclude that acutely nitrate patches improve insulin sensitivity whereas a 7-day chronic treatment schedule that results in hemodynamic nitrate tolerance also produces insulin resistance. Nitrates 25-32 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 49-56 14871307-11 2004 Nevertheless, our findings indicate the possibility that 14-3-3 binding to SnRK1-phosphorylated sites on NR and F2KP may regulate both nitrate assimilation and sucrose/starch partitioning in leaves. Nitrates 135-142 fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase Arabidopsis thaliana 112-116 14707155-7 2004 Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced relaxation of Phe contraction and vascular eNOS protein and nitrite/nitrate production were less in IL-6-infused than in control pregnant rats. Nitrates 96-103 interleukin 6 Rattus norvegicus 128-132 15228008-8 2004 Nitrate and light intensity positively regulate the gene transcription of NR, but ammonium ions and Glu, Gln do the negative way. Nitrates 0-7 inducible nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Glycine max 74-76 15244341-4 2004 The OCN pellet slowly releases calcium and nitrate, together with ocher, into the sediment water interface, where all three components play an important role in reducing phosphate release from sediments. Nitrates 43-50 bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein Homo sapiens 4-7 14968431-0 2004 The role of Ynt1 in nitrate and nitrite transport in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Nitrates 20-27 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 12-16 14968431-1 2004 Ynt1 is the only high-affinity nitrate uptake system in Hansenula polymorpha. Nitrates 31-38 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 0-4 14968431-2 2004 Nitrate uptake was directly correlated with the Ynt1 levels and shown to be independent of nitrate reductase (NR) activity levels. Nitrates 0-7 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 48-52 14968431-4 2004 Nitrite uptake in a wild-type strain was partially inhibited by nitrate to levels shown by a YNT1-disrupted strain in which, in turn, nitrite transport was not inhibited by nitrate. Nitrates 64-71 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 93-97 14968431-8 2004 At pH 5.5, the contribution of Ynt1 to high-affinity nitrate and nitrite uptake was around 95% and 60%, respectively. Nitrates 53-60 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 31-35 14968431-9 2004 The apparent Km of Ynt1 for nitrate and nitrite is in the microM range, as is the specific nitrite uptake system for nitrite. Nitrates 28-35 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 19-23 14968431-10 2004 The analysis of the effect of the reduced nitrogen sources on nitrate assimilation revealed that glutamine inactivates nitrate and nitrite transport, dependent on Ynt1, but not the nitrite-specific system. Nitrates 119-126 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 163-167 15356719-6 2004 The crystal structure of Yb(L(4))(NO(3))(3) shows ytterbium in a 9-coordinate environment being bonded to three donor atoms of the ligand and three bidentate nitrate ions. Nitrates 158-165 ribosomal protein L4 Homo sapiens 28-32 15108630-1 2004 Nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) concentrations are usually measured as a marker of NO metabolism. Nitrates 19-26 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 28-31 15537369-22 2004 The use of PDE5 inhibitors in the presence of oral nitrates is absolutely contraindicated. Nitrates 51-59 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 11-15 14968347-19 2004 Thus, the ability to activate HO-1 induction and associated antioxidant pathways apparently distinguishes PETN from other long-acting nitrates and may explain their different patterns of action in vivo (Figure 9). Nitrates 134-142 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 30-34 14755345-9 2004 These observations suggest that nitrate tolerance is mediated, at least in significant part, by inhibition of vascular ALDH-2 and that mitochondrial ROS contribute to this inhibition. Nitrates 32-39 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Rattus norvegicus 119-125 14709911-3 2004 However, we recently identified PAP-I as a metabolic enzyme of an organic nitrate compound, RS-7897, which contains L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (L-OTCA). Nitrates 74-81 pyroglutamyl-peptidase I Rattus norvegicus 32-37 15032873-12 2004 Furthermore, the induction of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase isoforms by ammonium and of ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP reductase by nitrate has been described. Nitrates 136-143 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 30-63 14675438-7 2004 AtIPT3 was upregulated within 1 h after an application of nitrate to mineral-starved Arabidopsis plants. Nitrates 58-65 isopentenyltransferase 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-6 15022606-1 2004 Nitrite (NO2) and nitrate (NO3) concentrations are usually measured as a marker of NO metabolism. Nitrates 18-25 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 27-30 15199233-1 2004 Nitrite and nitrate are widely used reporters of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, which are crucial for a broad spectrum of physiological and pathophysiological pathways. Nitrates 12-19 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 82-103 15199238-1 2004 Measurement of the nitric oxide (NO) metabolites nitrite and nitrate in biological matrices is a reliable method to assess NO synthase (NOS) activity. Nitrates 61-68 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 123-134 15032873-12 2004 Furthermore, the induction of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase isoforms by ammonium and of ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP reductase by nitrate has been described. Nitrates 136-143 ferredoxin reductase Homo sapiens 107-132 14630420-1 2003 The average nitrate concentration in the groundwater of the Vitoria-Gasteiz (Basque Country) quaternary aquifer rose from 50 mg NO3-/l during 1986 to over 200 mg/l in 1995, which represents an increase of some 20 mg NO3-/l per year. Nitrates 12-19 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 128-131 15588129-2 2004 In the presence of NADH or NADPH, diaphorase can convert selected NO donors, glycerol trinitrate (GTN) and formaldoxime (FAL) to nitrites and nitrates with NO as an intermediate. Nitrates 142-150 dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 34-44 15137421-3 2004 Generation of nitrogen gas (N2) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) was simultaneously observed in the low load of nitrate (NO3-N) (below 0.68 g NO3-N/L). Nitrates 109-116 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 118-121 15137421-3 2004 Generation of nitrogen gas (N2) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) was simultaneously observed in the low load of nitrate (NO3-N) (below 0.68 g NO3-N/L). Nitrates 109-116 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 139-142 14643177-6 2004 Also, this dose of EGF diminished nitrate production significantly (P<0.01). Nitrates 34-41 epidermal growth factor like 1 Rattus norvegicus 19-22 15230126-1 2004 AIM: To elucidate clinical implications of nitrates (NO3) concentration as an indicator of nitric oxide (NO) level in blood serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS). Nitrates 43-51 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 53-56 14630420-1 2003 The average nitrate concentration in the groundwater of the Vitoria-Gasteiz (Basque Country) quaternary aquifer rose from 50 mg NO3-/l during 1986 to over 200 mg/l in 1995, which represents an increase of some 20 mg NO3-/l per year. Nitrates 12-19 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 216-219 14630420-11 2003 The mass of nitrate leached from the cultivated zone is five times higher than that of the nitrate leached from the uncultivated zone (1147 kg NO3-/ha in the cultivated sector as against 211 kg NO3-/ha in the uncultivated sector), although part of the nitrate leached into the soil had been previously deposited by the rise of the water table. Nitrates 12-19 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 143-146 14630420-11 2003 The mass of nitrate leached from the cultivated zone is five times higher than that of the nitrate leached from the uncultivated zone (1147 kg NO3-/ha in the cultivated sector as against 211 kg NO3-/ha in the uncultivated sector), although part of the nitrate leached into the soil had been previously deposited by the rise of the water table. Nitrates 12-19 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 194-197 14630420-12 2003 If we consider that the level of groundwater input is similar in both plots, we may conclude that 964 kg NO3-/ha circulated towards the groundwater in the cultivated zone during the period under study, representing 87% of the nitrate applied to the soil in the form of fertilizer during that period. Nitrates 226-233 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 105-108 14664604-1 2003 We have examined the photochemical reactions occurring after irradiation at 200 nm of the aqueous nitrate ion, NO3(-)(aq). Nitrates 98-105 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 111-114 14657339-8 2003 Scavenging free NO from the iNOS milieu by the MPO/H2O2 system subsequently restores the full capacity of iNOS to convert L-arginine to product (NO), as judged by the increase in the rates of citrulline and nitrite/nitrate production. Nitrates 215-222 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 28-32 14657339-8 2003 Scavenging free NO from the iNOS milieu by the MPO/H2O2 system subsequently restores the full capacity of iNOS to convert L-arginine to product (NO), as judged by the increase in the rates of citrulline and nitrite/nitrate production. Nitrates 215-222 myeloperoxidase Homo sapiens 47-50 14657339-8 2003 Scavenging free NO from the iNOS milieu by the MPO/H2O2 system subsequently restores the full capacity of iNOS to convert L-arginine to product (NO), as judged by the increase in the rates of citrulline and nitrite/nitrate production. Nitrates 215-222 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 106-110 14622500-4 2003 PDE-5 inhibitors have been shown to be safe and effective for the therapy for ED, but remain contraindicated in patients receiving organic nitrates. Nitrates 139-147 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 0-5 14636072-0 2003 Metmyoglobin and methemoglobin catalyze the isomerization of peroxynitrite to nitrate. Nitrates 78-85 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 17-30 12958042-8 2003 Nitrate levels markedly increased with ecSOD in injured artery homogenates (26+/-5 versus 4+/-0.3 micromol/L per mg, P=0.001). Nitrates 0-7 extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] Oryctolagus cuniculus 39-44 12907425-7 2003 BBS-2 treatment blocked NOS2 dimerization and completely inhibited the endotoxin-induced increase of plasma nitrate and nitrite levels. Nitrates 108-115 Bardet-Biedl syndrome 2 (human) Mus musculus 0-5 14642695-0 2003 Role for peroxynitrite in the inhibition of prostacyclin synthase in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 69-76 prostaglandin I2 synthase Rattus norvegicus 44-65 14642608-8 2003 Administration of NCX-1000 to BDL and sham operated rats resulted in a similar increase of nitrite/nitrate and cGMP concentrations in the liver. Nitrates 99-106 solute carrier family 8 member A1 Rattus norvegicus 18-21 14606859-2 2003 The nitrate complexes (X = NO(3); M = Mn (1), Co (2), Ni (3), Cu (4)) crystallize isomorphously in monoclinic space group P2(1)/a. Nitrates 4-11 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Homo sapiens 122-127 14642699-1 2003 OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to determine the time course of nitrate interaction with tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with a half-life (t(1/2)) of 17.5 h. BACKGROUND: The PDE5 inhibitors augment the blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects of nitrates, yet the time course of this interaction is unclear. Nitrates 68-75 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 106-125 14642699-1 2003 OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to determine the time course of nitrate interaction with tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with a half-life (t(1/2)) of 17.5 h. BACKGROUND: The PDE5 inhibitors augment the blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects of nitrates, yet the time course of this interaction is unclear. Nitrates 68-75 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 127-131 14642699-1 2003 OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to determine the time course of nitrate interaction with tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with a half-life (t(1/2)) of 17.5 h. BACKGROUND: The PDE5 inhibitors augment the blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects of nitrates, yet the time course of this interaction is unclear. Nitrates 68-75 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 196-200 14568906-3 2003 In addition, tissue concentrations of nitrite and nitrate were significantly increased in rats transfected with the eNOS gene up to 2 weeks after transfection. Nitrates 50-57 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 116-120 14555283-7 2003 Nicorandil is able to inhibit TNFalpha release from lymphocytes, which requires the dual modes of both potassium channel opening and the nitrate moiety. Nitrates 137-144 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 30-38 14573760-0 2003 Role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 48-55 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Rattus norvegicus 8-44 14616932-0 2003 Association between ACE inhibitors use and headache caused by nitrates among hypertensive patients: results from the Italian group of pharmacoepidemiology in the elderly (GIFA). Nitrates 62-70 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 20-23 14616932-2 2003 The aim of this study was to explore whether among hospitalized hypertensive patients use of ACE inhibitors may reduce the risk of headache caused by nitrates. Nitrates 150-158 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 93-96 14616932-7 2003 Headache caused by nitrates was recorded in 12/762 (1.6%) ACE inhibitor users and in 24/775 (3.2%) other participants (P = 0.049). Nitrates 19-27 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 58-61 14616932-10 2003 In conclusion, this study suggests that among hypertensive subjects use of ACE inhibitors is associated with a reduced risk of headache caused by nitrates. Nitrates 146-154 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 75-78 16736996-0 2003 [Anti-ischemic effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, but not vitamin C, in patients with coronary artery disease treated with beta-blockers and nitrates. Nitrates 157-165 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 25-54 16736996-2 2003 Anti-ischemic effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor--chinapril was examined by exercise tolerance test [ETT] in randomised, cross-over double blind comparison in 20 pts with coronary artery disease treated with beta-blockers and nitrates. Nitrates 241-249 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 24-53 13679077-6 2003 We demonstrate that peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase nitrate xanthine in vitro. Nitrates 54-61 myeloperoxidase Homo sapiens 38-53 14512447-1 2003 Nitrate tolerance (NT) in hypertension is attributed to reduced activity of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). Nitrates 0-7 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 76-100 14512447-1 2003 Nitrate tolerance (NT) in hypertension is attributed to reduced activity of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). Nitrates 0-7 guanylate cyclase 1 soluble subunit beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 102-105 14520629-3 2003 Recently, a gene polymorphism of the endothelial NO synthase (ENOS) gene was identified that is associated with circulating nitrate levels. Nitrates 124-131 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 62-66 15011737-2 2003 An indirect form to detect NO production has been the quantification of its stable end products, nitrites and nitrates (NO2- + NO3-). Nitrates 110-118 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 127-130 14692506-4 2003 Inhibition data of the cytosolic isozymes CA I and CA II with a large number of anionic species such as halides, pseudohalides, bicarbonate, nitrate, hydrosulfide, arsenate, etc., are also provided for comparison. Nitrates 141-148 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 42-46 12892664-5 2003 Moreover, the high sulfate and nitrate conversion values (SOR and NOR) presented herein suggest that secondary formations from SO2 to SO4(2-) and from NO2 to NO3- are present in significant quantities in the atmosphere of southern Taiwan on episode days. Nitrates 31-38 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 158-161 12974902-4 2003 The current study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between plasma EPO levels and the severity of liver disease, hemodynamic values, renal functions, and plasma nitrate/nitrite levels in patients with cirrhosis. Nitrates 171-178 erythropoietin Homo sapiens 77-80 14692506-4 2003 Inhibition data of the cytosolic isozymes CA I and CA II with a large number of anionic species such as halides, pseudohalides, bicarbonate, nitrate, hydrosulfide, arsenate, etc., are also provided for comparison. Nitrates 141-148 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 51-56 14499528-5 2003 Over a period exceeding 100 years mean nitrate concentrations increased from 1.04 mg NO3-Nl(-1) to 6.37 mg NO3-Nl(-1). Nitrates 39-46 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 85-88 14581628-4 2003 Transcripts of Ntdin are induced by sulfate or nitrate but not by phosphate, suggesting its involvement in sulfur and nitrogen metabolism. Nitrates 47-54 thiosulfate sulfurtransferase 16, chloroplastic-like Nicotiana tabacum 15-20 14499528-5 2003 Over a period exceeding 100 years mean nitrate concentrations increased from 1.04 mg NO3-Nl(-1) to 6.37 mg NO3-Nl(-1). Nitrates 39-46 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 107-110 14499528-7 2003 Nitrate data throughout this early period reflect natural background concentrations of approximately 1 mg NO3-Nl(-1). Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 106-109 12952843-0 2003 Attenuation of nitrate tolerance and oxidative stress by an angiotensin II receptor blocker in patients with coronary spastic angina. Nitrates 15-22 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 60-74 12952843-11 2003 These results suggest that increased oxidative stress induced by activation of angiotensin II may play an important role in the development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 143-150 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 79-93 14692450-9 2003 stressed two Michaelis-Menten (MM) mechanisms to mediate the observed nitrate-induced currents, I(NO3-). Nitrates 70-77 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist S homeolog Xenopus laevis 98-101 14611844-3 2003 Inhibition data of the cytosolic isozymes CA I and CA II as well as the membrane-bound isozyme CA IV with a large number of anionic species such as halides, pseudohalides, bicarbonate, nitrate, hydrosulfide, arsenate, sulfamate, and sulfamidate and so on, are also provided for comparison. Nitrates 185-192 carbonic anhydrase 4 Homo sapiens 95-100 14512099-3 2003 In SHR, the NCX 4016 treatment increased the serum nitrite/nitrate and diminished the serum thromboxane B2, whereas aspirin did not change blood pressure but abolished the serum thromboxane B2. Nitrates 59-66 solute carrier family 8 member A1 Rattus norvegicus 12-15 15969098-0 2003 [Induced activity of nitrate reductase by nitrate and cloning of nitrate reductase gene]. Nitrates 21-28 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 65-82 12927686-0 2003 Comparison of cadmium and enzyme-catalyzed nitrate reduction for determination of NO2-/NO3- in breath condensate. Nitrates 43-50 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 87-90 12950342-1 2003 Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical synthesized from l-arginine by a family of NO synthase (NOS) enzymes, all of which are present in the skin, and also by reduction of sweat nitrate. Nitrates 175-182 nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal Mus musculus 79-90 15969098-3 2003 Enhancing the activity of NR is conducive to reduce the concentration of nitrate in plants. Nitrates 73-80 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 26-28 14756320-9 2003 The expression analysis of the genes showed that the organ-specific and nitrate-regulated expression profile of MYB101 was very similar to that of CHS in Lotus as well as in soybean, suggesting a possible role for MYB101 in regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in response to nitrate starvation. Nitrates 72-79 transcription factor MYB101 Glycine max 112-118 14756320-9 2003 The expression analysis of the genes showed that the organ-specific and nitrate-regulated expression profile of MYB101 was very similar to that of CHS in Lotus as well as in soybean, suggesting a possible role for MYB101 in regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in response to nitrate starvation. Nitrates 72-79 transcription factor MYB101 Glycine max 214-220 14756320-9 2003 The expression analysis of the genes showed that the organ-specific and nitrate-regulated expression profile of MYB101 was very similar to that of CHS in Lotus as well as in soybean, suggesting a possible role for MYB101 in regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in response to nitrate starvation. Nitrates 276-283 transcription factor MYB101 Glycine max 112-118 14756320-9 2003 The expression analysis of the genes showed that the organ-specific and nitrate-regulated expression profile of MYB101 was very similar to that of CHS in Lotus as well as in soybean, suggesting a possible role for MYB101 in regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in response to nitrate starvation. Nitrates 276-283 chalcone synthase 3 Glycine max 147-150 15969098-16 2003 According to these results, the level of NR mRNA in plants could be enhanced by nitrate inducement. Nitrates 80-87 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 41-43 12871833-12 2003 However, inhibition of nitrate generation was observed only during the late phase (at 4 h after carrageenan injection), accompanied by an attenuation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression in paw tissue. Nitrates 23-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 153-184 12899636-1 2003 The tetraheme c-type cytochrome, CymA, from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 has previously been shown to be required for respiration with Fe(III), nitrate, and fumarate [Myers, C. R., and Myers, J. M. (1997) J. Bacteriol. Nitrates 142-149 cytochrome c Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 33-37 12869520-0 2003 Induction of nitrate uptake in maize roots: expression of a putative high-affinity nitrate transporter and plasma membrane H+-ATPase isoforms. Nitrates 13-20 membrane H(+)-ATPase 1 Zea mays 107-132 12869520-7 2003 Both genes, classified as members of the PM H+-ATPase subfamily II, responded to nitrate supply, although to different degrees: MHA4, in particular, proved more sensitive than MHA3, with a greater up- and down-regulation in response to the treatment. Nitrates 81-88 proton-exporting ATPase 4 Zea mays 128-132 12834739-7 2003 This observation suggested that in addition to the two well-accepted groups of phosphorus removal bacteria (one can only utilize oxygen to take up phosphorus, P(O), while the other can use both oxygen and nitrate, P(ON)), a new group of phosphorus removal bacteria, P(ON(n)), which could use oxygen, nitrate or nitrite to take up phosphorus was identified. Nitrates 300-307 paraoxonase 1 Homo sapiens 214-219 12871833-12 2003 However, inhibition of nitrate generation was observed only during the late phase (at 4 h after carrageenan injection), accompanied by an attenuation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression in paw tissue. Nitrates 23-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 186-190 12871833-12 2003 However, inhibition of nitrate generation was observed only during the late phase (at 4 h after carrageenan injection), accompanied by an attenuation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression in paw tissue. Nitrates 23-30 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 196-212 12871833-12 2003 However, inhibition of nitrate generation was observed only during the late phase (at 4 h after carrageenan injection), accompanied by an attenuation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression in paw tissue. Nitrates 23-30 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 214-219 12804571-8 2003 The effects of formate on ATPase activity disappeared when cells were performing anaerobic (nitrate/nitrite) or aerobic respiration. Nitrates 92-99 ATPase Escherichia coli 26-32 12754263-11 2003 These results demonstrate that (i) exogenously supplied glucose can replace the function of photoassimilates in roots; (ii) APR is subject to co-ordinated metabolic control by carbon metabolism; (iii) positive sugar signalling overrides negative signalling from nitrate assimilation in APR regulation. Nitrates 262-269 APS reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 124-127 12956537-0 2003 Regulation of the nitrate transporter gene AtNRT2.1 in Arabidopsis thaliana: responses to nitrate, amino acids and developmental stage. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 43-51 12690103-1 2003 A significant increase in the induction of inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression and in the levels of nitrite plus nitrate was observed in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) stably transfected with catalase (RASMC-2C2) as compared with empty vector-transfected RASMC-V4 cells after exposure to cytokines and lipopolysaccharide. Nitrates 135-142 catalase Rattus norvegicus 223-231 12805587-1 2003 The genomic response to low levels of nitrate was studied in Arabidopsis using the Affymetrix ATH1 chip containing more than 22,500 probe sets. Nitrates 38-45 homeobox protein ATH1 Arabidopsis thaliana 94-98 12892378-6 2003 Concomitantly, plasma NO products (nitrate + nitrite), which increased 2.2-fold during Mg-deficiency, were completely suppressed by the SPR blockade. Nitrates 35-42 sepiapterin reductase Rattus norvegicus 136-139 12956537-5 2003 Experiments with various nitrogen supply regimes demonstrated the induction of NRT2.1 expression by nitrate and repression by amino acids. Nitrates 100-107 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 79-83 12956537-7 2003 Taken together, our results support the hypothesis that the NRT2.1 gene codes for a major component of the inducible high-affinity transport system for nitrate, which is spatially and developmentally controlled at the transcriptional level. Nitrates 152-159 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 60-66 12809317-1 2003 Denitrification, the anaerobic microbial conversion of nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen (N) gases, is an important process contributing to the ability of riparian zones to function as "sinks" for NO3- in watersheds. Nitrates 55-62 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 64-67 12809317-1 2003 Denitrification, the anaerobic microbial conversion of nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen (N) gases, is an important process contributing to the ability of riparian zones to function as "sinks" for NO3- in watersheds. Nitrates 55-62 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 190-193 14659339-7 2003 In the metastatic disease group, there was a positive correlation between serum VEGF levels and nitrate+nitrite levels (r=0.436, P<0.05). Nitrates 96-103 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 80-84 12806280-1 2003 Activated monocytes-macrophages may be associated with antitumor activity, and activation of these cells by certain cytokines, primarily interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), can be indicated by alterations in the concentrations of neopterin, nitrate, or tryptophan. Nitrates 235-242 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 137-164 12686872-10 2003 This change in erectile function was a result of eNOS over expression with an increase in eNOS protein expression and constitutive NOS activity as well as an increase in nitric oxide biosynthesis, as reflected by an increase in cavernous nitrate plus nitrite formation. Nitrates 238-245 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 49-53 15270349-4 2003 Further, it was also found during study that, 16.00% of the borewell samples analyzed, were found to contain more than 100.00 PPM of nitrates (measured as NO3 mg/L, safe limit prescribed by BIS). Nitrates 133-141 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 155-158 12654474-5 2003 In contrast, chemiluminescence analysis, which detects NO, NO2-, and nitrate (NO3-) (collectively referred to as NO(x)), detected significant increases in NO(x) from stimulated PAEC. Nitrates 69-76 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 78-81 12615686-8 2003 Overexpression of G6PD was also associated with enhanced nitric oxide synthase activity, resulting in elevated levels of cGMP, nitrate, and nitrite, and this response was increased after stimulation with bradykinin. Nitrates 127-134 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Bos taurus 18-22 12756917-8 2003 Nitrate reductase activity in bacteroids along nodule growth decreased in all groups including the ineffective AN group, whose nodulation was highly inhibited by nitrate at 5 mmol/L N. Host-cultivar interaction seemed to influence the regulation of nitrate reductase activity in bacteroids. Nitrates 162-169 inducible nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Glycine max 0-17 12615686-8 2003 Overexpression of G6PD was also associated with enhanced nitric oxide synthase activity, resulting in elevated levels of cGMP, nitrate, and nitrite, and this response was increased after stimulation with bradykinin. Nitrates 127-134 kininogen 1 Bos taurus 204-214 12646747-6 2003 Intravitreal ET-1 significantly elevated the levels of nitrate to 189% of baseline 10 min after ET-1 application, which was inhibited by pretreatment of intravenous L-NAME (50 mg/kg). Nitrates 55-62 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 13-17 12584267-10 2003 Correspondingly, urinary nitrate/nitrite excretion was significantly elevated in ET-1 transgenic mice. Nitrates 25-32 endothelin 1 Mus musculus 81-85 12708697-4 2003 A nitrate plume in shallow ground water with concentrations exceeding 10 mg NO3-N L(-1) moved into the restored forested riparian wetland. Nitrates 2-9 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 76-79 12646747-6 2003 Intravitreal ET-1 significantly elevated the levels of nitrate to 189% of baseline 10 min after ET-1 application, which was inhibited by pretreatment of intravenous L-NAME (50 mg/kg). Nitrates 55-62 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 96-100 12644691-6 2003 In contrast, the Aox1 expression is strongly dependent on the nitrogen source, being down-regulated by ammonium and stimulated by nitrate. Nitrates 130-137 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 17-21 12644691-8 2003 The stimulation by nitrate also occurs at the AOX protein and respiratory levels. Nitrates 19-26 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 46-49 12668777-0 2003 Regulation of NRT1 and NRT2 gene families of Arabidopsis thaliana: responses to nitrate provision. Nitrates 80-87 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-18 12644691-10 2003 The observed pattern of AOX regulation points to the possible interaction between chloroplast and mitochondria in relation to a potential increase of photogenerated ATP when nitrate is used as a nitrogen source. Nitrates 174-181 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 24-27 12668777-0 2003 Regulation of NRT1 and NRT2 gene families of Arabidopsis thaliana: responses to nitrate provision. Nitrates 80-87 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 23-27 12668777-6 2003 Expression of AtNRT2.5, one of the nitrate-repressible genes, was strongly suppressed by nitrate provision in both roots and shoots. Nitrates 35-42 nitrate transporter2.5 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-22 12668777-6 2003 Expression of AtNRT2.5, one of the nitrate-repressible genes, was strongly suppressed by nitrate provision in both roots and shoots. Nitrates 89-96 nitrate transporter2.5 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-22 12653221-4 2003 Water-immersion-restraint stress (WIRS) increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in gastric mucosa and induced hemorrhagic erosions by a nitrate-inhibitable mechanism. Nitrates 137-144 myeloperoxidase Rattus norvegicus 67-70 12549937-10 2003 Thus, XOR catalyzed nitrate reduction to nitrite and NO occurs and can be an important source of NO production in ischemic tissues. Nitrates 20-27 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 6-9 12563676-10 2003 The serum nitrite/nitrate levels, histological grades of articular cartilage degradation, and numbers of apoptotic chondrocytes and nitrotyrosine positive chondrocytes were significantly lower in NOS2-/- mice with AMA than in WT mice with AMA. Nitrates 18-25 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 196-200 15055718-9 2003 On the other hand, long-term treatment with this AT1 receptor antagonist produced a significant increase of nitrate/nitrite and cGMP plasma levels. Nitrates 108-115 angiotensin II receptor, type 1a Rattus norvegicus 49-52 12527339-6 2003 resulted in a significant reduction of the expression of iNOS protein in rat lung tissue and in the plasma nitrite/nitrate (NOx) level. Nitrates 115-122 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 57-61 12693036-4 2003 We find that peroxynitrite selectively nitrates Tyr99 at physiological pH, resulting in the formation of between 0.05 and 0.25 mol of nitrotyrosine/mol of CaM when the added molar ratio of peroxynitrite per CaM was varied between 2.5 and 1.5. Nitrates 39-47 calmodulin 1 Homo sapiens 155-158 12602959-5 2003 NO is an extremely unstable molecule and rapidly converted in vivo and in vitro to nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-). Nitrates 83-90 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 92-95 12500206-7 2003 Among ascitic patients, those with high LBP showed greater (P <.05) levels of sCD14, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6), nitrites + nitrates (NOx)/creatinine, and renin, and lower vascular resistance. Nitrates 162-170 lipopolysaccharide binding protein Homo sapiens 40-43 12647538-2 2003 Mercury iodide and nitrate contribute more to inhibiting cathepsin B and calpains activities in the above tissues, respectively. Nitrates 19-26 cathepsin B Rattus norvegicus 57-68 12685047-2 2003 In maize, a C4 plant, expression of genes for the non-photosynthetic isoproteins, Fd VI and R-FNR, is responsive to nitrate in roots whereas the expression and the spatial distribution in the leaves have not been analysed. Nitrates 116-123 ferredoxin-6, chloroplastic Zea mays 82-87 12685047-4 2003 Upon addition of nitrate, the transcripts for Fd VI and R-FNR rapidly accumulated in the leaves, whereas light did not induce accumulation. Nitrates 17-24 ferredoxin-6, chloroplastic Zea mays 46-51 12685047-6 2003 In the leaf, the transcripts for Fd VI and R-FNR were predominantly detected in mesophyll cells as were those for nitrate-assimilatory enzymes. Nitrates 114-121 ferredoxin-6, chloroplastic Zea mays 33-38 12906266-3 2003 Results of the study showed various heterotrophic bacteria to be capable of anoxic P accumulation utilising nitrate (NO3) as electron acceptor. Nitrates 108-115 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 117-120 12509525-7 2003 At the cellular level, chl1 mutants showed reduced nitrate accumulation in guard cells during stomatal opening and failed to show nitrate-induced depolarization of guard cells. Nitrates 51-58 cell adhesion molecule L1 like Homo sapiens 23-27 12509525-9 2003 These results identify an anion transporter that functions in stomatal opening and demonstrate that CHL1 supports stomatal function in the presence of nitrate. Nitrates 151-158 cell adhesion molecule L1 like Homo sapiens 100-104 12906301-6 2003 Anaerobic H2S oxidation with NO3- was also induced by addition of nitrate to the medium. Nitrates 66-73 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 29-32 14682566-3 2003 However, based on this SCOD removal in the nitrification step, a consequent post-denitrification process without nitrate recycle and dosage of external carbon sources has been proven to reach substantial nitrate elimination of up to 20 mg nitrogen per litre at COD/N-ratios of approx. Nitrates 204-211 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptides B and B1 Homo sapiens 24-27 12488138-7 2002 Collectively, our results suggest that MPO released by activated neutrophils during inflammation utilizes physiological or pathological levels of NO 2 - to nitrate proteins, and may provide an additional mechanism in addition to ONOO - formation, for tissue injury in ARDS and other inflammatory diseases associated with upregulated *NO and oxidant production. Nitrates 156-163 myeloperoxidase Homo sapiens 39-42 12442170-8 2002 HAR1 encodes a putative serine/threonine receptor kinase, which is required for shoot-controlled regulation of root growth, nodule number, and for nitrate sensitivity of symbiotic development. Nitrates 147-154 CM0216.560.nc Lotus japonicus 0-4 12194970-6 2002 Our studies demonstrate that levels of nitric oxide that are likely to be encountered in the vicinity of airway cells during inflammation may nitrate CFTR resulting in enhanced degradation and decreased function. Nitrates 142-149 CF transmembrane conductance regulator Homo sapiens 150-154 12390892-1 2002 Recently, we have found that the nitrate/nitrite concentrations in preovulatory follicles significantly decrease after hCG injection and that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays a main role in the decrease of the intrafollicular nitric oxide (NO) concentration. Nitrates 33-40 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 142-173 12487131-3 2002 This is mirrored in a specific increase (x 2.5) in the binding constant for chloride and in a 12-fold increase in the chloride/nitrate-selectivity. Nitrates 127-134 frataxin Homo sapiens 41-46 12411410-5 2002 After 24 h of incubation, leptin (1-10 micro g ml(-1)) potently synergized with IFN-gamma (100 U ml(-1)) in nitric oxide (NO) release, evaluated as nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in culture medium. Nitrates 160-167 leptin Mus musculus 26-32 12411410-5 2002 After 24 h of incubation, leptin (1-10 micro g ml(-1)) potently synergized with IFN-gamma (100 U ml(-1)) in nitric oxide (NO) release, evaluated as nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in culture medium. Nitrates 160-167 interferon gamma Mus musculus 80-89 12390892-1 2002 Recently, we have found that the nitrate/nitrite concentrations in preovulatory follicles significantly decrease after hCG injection and that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays a main role in the decrease of the intrafollicular nitric oxide (NO) concentration. Nitrates 33-40 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 175-179 12202921-8 2002 Because nitrate/nitrite shifted the balance from a Th1 to a Th2 response in some individuals, exposure to these compounds may decrease these persons" responsiveness to infectious diseases. Nitrates 8-15 negative elongation factor complex member C/D Homo sapiens 51-54 12433163-1 2002 Riparian zones have been found to function as "sinks" for nitrate (NO3-), the most common groundwater pollutant in the U. S., in many areas. Nitrates 58-65 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 67-70 12436367-8 2002 The connection between increased nitric oxide production and the haemodynamic sequelae of portal hypertension is also apparent in the significant correlation between plasma renin and serum nitrate levels. Nitrates 189-196 renin Homo sapiens 173-178 12436367-9 2002 Circulating nitrate levels also correlated to the serum interleukin-6 levels. Nitrates 12-19 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 56-69 12384050-8 2002 The most advantageous configuration tested, where nitrate assimilation (as well as that of ammonium) continued at a high rate in darkness as long as C-reserves remained, is not actually used in migratory species but in non-migratory diatoms. Nitrates 50-57 steroid sulfatase Homo sapiens 146-150 12177001-10 2002 Our studies indicate that AQP6 exhibits a new form of anion permeation with marked specificity for nitrate conferred by a specific pore-lining residue, observations that imply that the primary role of AQP6 may be in cellular regulation rather than simple fluid transport. Nitrates 99-106 aquaporin 6 Homo sapiens 26-30 12177001-10 2002 Our studies indicate that AQP6 exhibits a new form of anion permeation with marked specificity for nitrate conferred by a specific pore-lining residue, observations that imply that the primary role of AQP6 may be in cellular regulation rather than simple fluid transport. Nitrates 99-106 aquaporin 6 Homo sapiens 201-205 12270552-3 2002 In this study, we show the varying concentrations of nitrite and nitrate present in different body fluids during AK-5 tumor growth and regression in Wistar rats. Nitrates 65-72 adenylate kinase isoenzyme 5 Rattus norvegicus 113-117 12382055-8 2002 Phenotype analysis showed that the moeA gene is required for A. mediterranei growth in a minimal medium with nitrate as sole nitrogen source, possibly because nitrate reductase activity is diminished due to disruption of the moeA gene. Nitrates 109-116 molybdopterin molybdotransferase MoeA Amycolatopsis mediterranei U32 35-39 12396394-7 2002 The estimated median intake of lead and nitrate per kg body weight from tap water was higher in FF infants than in BF infants or mixed fed (MF) young children. Nitrates 40-47 USO1 vesicle transport factor Homo sapiens 72-75 12298004-3 2002 The magneto-switchable activation and deactivation of the electrochemical oxidation of the ferrocene-functionalized magnetic particles and the electrochemical reduction of the bipyridinium-functionalized magnetic particles are used for the triggering of mediated bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of glucose, in the presence of glucose oxidase (GOx), and bioelectrocatalytic reduction of nitrate (NO(3) (-)), in the presence of nitrate reductase (NR), respectively. Nitrates 384-391 hydroxyacid oxidase 1 Homo sapiens 324-339 12298004-3 2002 The magneto-switchable activation and deactivation of the electrochemical oxidation of the ferrocene-functionalized magnetic particles and the electrochemical reduction of the bipyridinium-functionalized magnetic particles are used for the triggering of mediated bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of glucose, in the presence of glucose oxidase (GOx), and bioelectrocatalytic reduction of nitrate (NO(3) (-)), in the presence of nitrate reductase (NR), respectively. Nitrates 384-391 hydroxyacid oxidase 1 Homo sapiens 341-344 12230634-6 2002 The decreased insulin response was associated with significant elevation of nitric oxide produced from GSNO and SNAP co-administered with vitamin C, as assessed by plasma nitrate/nitrite levels. Nitrates 171-178 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 14-21 12369617-3 2002 Using this vector a plant nitrate reductase cDNA (tobacco Nia2) was expressed for the first time in a nitrate assimilatory yeast. Nitrates 26-33 nitrate reductase [NADH] 2 Nicotiana tabacum 58-62 12208366-6 2002 Of special interest has been the finding that XOR can catalyze the reduction of nitrates and nitrites to nitric oxide (NO), acting as a source of both NO and peroxynitrite. Nitrates 80-88 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 46-49 12358336-9 2002 In iNOS-deficient mice, both iNOS expression and NT formation were completely abolished, and the total amounts of nitrite and nitrate in BAL fluid were significantly decreased. Nitrates 126-133 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 3-7 12196158-8 2002 Prior investigations have shown that the absence of CymA results in loss of the ability to respire with Fe(III), fumarate and nitrate, indicating that CymA is involved in electron transfer to several terminal reductases. Nitrates 126-133 cytochrome c Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 52-56 12171788-3 2002 METHODS AND RESULTS: After gene transfer, expression of eNOS in cultured cells was detected by increased intracellular cGMP and nitrate/nitrite levels and NO synthase activity. Nitrates 128-135 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 56-60 12226143-6 2002 RESULTS: Leptin increased plasma concentrations of NO metabolites (nitrates + nitrites, NO(x)) by 32.5%, 58.0%, and 29.7% at 1, 2, and 4 hours, respectively. Nitrates 67-75 leptin Rattus norvegicus 9-15 12196158-8 2002 Prior investigations have shown that the absence of CymA results in loss of the ability to respire with Fe(III), fumarate and nitrate, indicating that CymA is involved in electron transfer to several terminal reductases. Nitrates 126-133 cytochrome c Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 151-155 12192137-1 2002 The rare earth metal(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate (rare earth metal(III) triflate, RE(OTf)3) was found to be an efficient catalyst for aromatic nitration with carboxylic anhydride-inorganic nitrate as the nitrating agent. Nitrates 192-199 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 85-93 12193069-0 2002 Comparison of the effects of atherosclerosis and nitrate therapy on responses to nitric oxide and endothelin-1 in human arteries in vitro. Nitrates 49-56 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 98-110 12193069-1 2002 The effect of previous nitrate therapy on vascular responses to endothelin-1 (ET-1) and NO was investigated in human internal mammary artery (IMA) in vitro. Nitrates 23-30 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 64-76 12193069-1 2002 The effect of previous nitrate therapy on vascular responses to endothelin-1 (ET-1) and NO was investigated in human internal mammary artery (IMA) in vitro. Nitrates 23-30 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 78-82 12165428-3 2002 The genes YNT1, YNR1 and YNI1, encoding respectively nitrate transport, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase, have been cloned, as well as two other genes encoding transcriptional regulatory factors. Nitrates 53-60 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 10-14 12196104-9 2002 The increase in NR activity resulted in a significant decrease in nitrate level. Nitrates 66-73 NADH nitrate reductase Solanum tuberosum 16-18 12172843-4 2002 The presence of the high-affinity nitrate transport system I (NRT2;1, NAR2) made cells able to sense the very low concentrations of nitrate present in culture medium with no added nitrate and to express optimally Nii1, Nrt2;1, Nrt2;3, and Nar1 genes involved in nitrate/nitrite assimilation. Nitrates 132-139 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 213-217 12139615-9 2002 The promoters of most of these Dam-controlled genes were also found to contain GATC sequences that overlap with recognition sites for two global regulators, fumarate nitrate reduction (Fnr) and catabolite activator protein (CRP). Nitrates 166-173 catabolite gene activator protein Escherichia coli 194-228 12172843-4 2002 The presence of the high-affinity nitrate transport system I (NRT2;1, NAR2) made cells able to sense the very low concentrations of nitrate present in culture medium with no added nitrate and to express optimally Nii1, Nrt2;1, Nrt2;3, and Nar1 genes involved in nitrate/nitrite assimilation. Nitrates 132-139 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 213-217 12172843-1 2002 The expression of nitrite uptake activity and the induction of transcripts from several nitrate assimilation genes (Nii1, Nrt2;1, Nrt2;3, and Nar1) have been analysed in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Dang. Nitrates 88-95 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 116-120 12172843-4 2002 The presence of the high-affinity nitrate transport system I (NRT2;1, NAR2) made cells able to sense the very low concentrations of nitrate present in culture medium with no added nitrate and to express optimally Nii1, Nrt2;1, Nrt2;3, and Nar1 genes involved in nitrate/nitrite assimilation. Nitrates 132-139 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 213-217 12172843-4 2002 The presence of the high-affinity nitrate transport system I (NRT2;1, NAR2) made cells able to sense the very low concentrations of nitrate present in culture medium with no added nitrate and to express optimally Nii1, Nrt2;1, Nrt2;3, and Nar1 genes involved in nitrate/nitrite assimilation. Nitrates 34-41 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 213-217 12198187-6 2002 The astray seedlings showed normal sensitivity to the general inhibitors of nodulation such as ethylene and nitrate. Nitrates 108-115 ASTRAY Lotus japonicus 4-10 12069938-6 2002 TNF-alpha caused significant inhibition of ACh- and bradykinin-induced vascular relaxation and nitrite/nitrate production that were more prominent in pregnant than virgin rats. Nitrates 103-110 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 0-9 12230195-1 2002 A novel in situ membrane technology was developed to remove nitrate (NO3-) from groundwater. Nitrates 60-67 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 69-72 12052727-1 2002 Nitrites and nitrates are widely used reporters of endogenous activity of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), an important group of enzymes producing the gaseous signal molecule nitric oxide (NO). Nitrates 13-21 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 74-96 12093672-5 2002 Levels of nitrite and/or nitrate in the serum were elevated within 2 h after administration of IL-18, reaching a peak at 4 h and then decreasing gradually to the basal level over a 24-h period of time. Nitrates 25-32 interleukin 18 Mus musculus 95-100 12044161-0 2002 Structural studies on phospho-CDK2/cyclin A bound to nitrate, a transition state analogue: implications for the protein kinase mechanism. Nitrates 53-60 cyclin dependent kinase 2 Homo sapiens 30-34 12099927-6 2002 Interestingly, we observed a significant negative correlation between IL-6 and nitrite/nitrate levels in the CSF in the total MS group. Nitrates 87-94 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 70-74 12115884-6 2002 Induction of iNOS was confirmed by measurement of nitrate/nitrite production and by immunodetection. Nitrates 50-57 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 12127127-9 2002 Plasma and intestinal levels of the nitric oxide products, nitrite/nitrate, were increased in the iNOS +/+ mice fed the TPN solution but not in the chow-fed groups or the iNOS -/- mice receiving TPN solution. Nitrates 67-74 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 98-102 12154133-8 2002 The expression of the three genes was also induced by nitrate supplement but the induction was most prominent and transient in AtpOMT1 similar to nitrate reductase gene. Nitrates 54-61 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 146-163 12044161-0 2002 Structural studies on phospho-CDK2/cyclin A bound to nitrate, a transition state analogue: implications for the protein kinase mechanism. Nitrates 53-60 cyclin A2 Homo sapiens 35-43 12044161-3 2002 The crystal structure of pCDK2/cyclin A in complex with Mg(2+)ADP, nitrate, and a heptapeptide substrate has been determined at 2.7 A. Nitrates 67-74 cyclin A2 Homo sapiens 31-39 12044161-6 2002 Kinetic studies demonstrate that nitrate is not an effective inhibitor of protein kinases, consistent with the structural results that show the nitrate ion makes few stabilizing interactions with CDK2 at the catalytic site. Nitrates 144-151 cyclin dependent kinase 2 Homo sapiens 196-200 12068127-4 2002 Using a reverse genetic approach, the AtNRT2.1 gene has been shown to be involved in the inducible component of the high-affinity nitrate transport system in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 130-137 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 38-46 12058245-4 2002 Thus, nitrates enhance the production of cyclic GMP and combined with phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors this can lead to severe hypotension. Nitrates 6-14 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 48-51 12003849-0 2002 Diminished arteriolar responses in nitrate tolerance involve ROS and angiotensin II. Nitrates 35-42 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 69-83 12003849-7 2002 Control responses were restored by SOD, MnTBAP, or losartan, suggesting a role for elevated angiotensin II and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as mediators of the attenuated NO dilation (nitrate tolerance). Nitrates 185-192 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 92-106 12003849-9 2002 In summary, terminal arterioles are affected by nitrates to a greater extent than the arcade arterioles that feed them, in a process dependent on angiotensin II and ROS. Nitrates 48-56 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 146-160 12087347-2 2002 Activation of the renin-angiotensin system by heart failure itself and by nitrate therapy may be one possible mechanism underlying nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 74-81 renin Homo sapiens 18-23 12087347-2 2002 Activation of the renin-angiotensin system by heart failure itself and by nitrate therapy may be one possible mechanism underlying nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 131-138 renin Homo sapiens 18-23 12087347-8 2002 CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that angiotensin II may attenuate the arterial vasodilating effect of glyceryl trinitrate through angiotensin type 1 receptors and presumably through receptor-mediated superoxide production, which may be relevant to the development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 114-121 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 37-51 12060247-9 2002 We were able to restore wild-type levels of NRA in ipt-expressing plants by simultaneous induction of NR with BA and nitrate. Nitrates 117-124 Ipt Agrobacterium tumefaciens 51-54 11943658-3 2002 Incubation of transplant AMs with SP-A increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) by 70% and nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)) production by 45% (from 0.24 +/- 0.02 to 1.3 +/- 0.21 nmol small middle dot 10(6) AMs(-1).h(-1)). Nitrates 121-128 surfactant protein A1 Homo sapiens 34-38 12061138-6 2002 Nicorandil, a hybrid of an ATP sensitive K+ (KATP) channel opener and nitrate, increases the level of interstitial adenosine via cGMP-mediated activation of ecto-5"-nucleotidase. Nitrates 70-77 5' nucleotidase, ecto Rattus norvegicus 157-177 11976082-4 2002 Insertional inactivation of the nitrite reductase structural gene or its transcriptional regulator, NnrR, in strain 2.4.3 caused a loss of a taxis response towards both nitrate and nitrite. Nitrates 169-176 AWN88_RS06525 Agrobacterium tumefaciens 32-49 12021246-9 2002 Our observations provide strong evidence that myeloperoxidase generates reactive nitrogen species in vivo and that it operates in this fashion only when nitrite and nitrate become available. Nitrates 165-172 myeloperoxidase Mus musculus 46-61 12006803-10 2002 Increased serum nitrate (micromoles of NO2 + NO3) concentrations were detected in septic patients, compared with controls, but no differences were found between survivor (91.84 +/- 14.12) and nonsurvivor (102.6 +/- 17.36) groups. Nitrates 16-23 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 45-48 12059056-5 2002 In addition, iNOS expression in circulating monocytes was assessed by Western blotting, immunocytochemistry and measurement of the NO metabolites nitrite and nitrate in plasma. Nitrates 158-165 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 12133319-16 2002 (4) A significant positive correlation was found between the MMP-2 mRNA levels and nitrites/nitrates levels in L-arginine group and asthmatic group (r(s) = 0.65, 0.68, P < 0.05), but there was no significant correlation between the nitrites/nitrates levels and the TIMP-1 mRNA levels in the two groups (r(s) = 0.23, 0.18, P > 0.05). Nitrates 92-100 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Rattus norvegicus 61-66 12133319-16 2002 (4) A significant positive correlation was found between the MMP-2 mRNA levels and nitrites/nitrates levels in L-arginine group and asthmatic group (r(s) = 0.65, 0.68, P < 0.05), but there was no significant correlation between the nitrites/nitrates levels and the TIMP-1 mRNA levels in the two groups (r(s) = 0.23, 0.18, P > 0.05). Nitrates 244-252 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Rattus norvegicus 61-66 12153019-9 2002 The presence of nitrate reversibly halted RDX metabolism, whereas ammonium had no discernible effect, which implies that: (i) nitrate, which commonly occurs in RDX-contaminated groundwater, may inhibit in situ RDX metabolism, and (ii) although RDX may act as both a nitrogen source and cometabolic electron sink, the latter role predominates, as RDX reduction will proceed regardless of whether or not a more favorable nitrogen source is present. Nitrates 16-23 radixin Homo sapiens 42-45 12153019-9 2002 The presence of nitrate reversibly halted RDX metabolism, whereas ammonium had no discernible effect, which implies that: (i) nitrate, which commonly occurs in RDX-contaminated groundwater, may inhibit in situ RDX metabolism, and (ii) although RDX may act as both a nitrogen source and cometabolic electron sink, the latter role predominates, as RDX reduction will proceed regardless of whether or not a more favorable nitrogen source is present. Nitrates 126-133 radixin Homo sapiens 42-45 12153019-9 2002 The presence of nitrate reversibly halted RDX metabolism, whereas ammonium had no discernible effect, which implies that: (i) nitrate, which commonly occurs in RDX-contaminated groundwater, may inhibit in situ RDX metabolism, and (ii) although RDX may act as both a nitrogen source and cometabolic electron sink, the latter role predominates, as RDX reduction will proceed regardless of whether or not a more favorable nitrogen source is present. Nitrates 126-133 radixin Homo sapiens 160-163 12153019-9 2002 The presence of nitrate reversibly halted RDX metabolism, whereas ammonium had no discernible effect, which implies that: (i) nitrate, which commonly occurs in RDX-contaminated groundwater, may inhibit in situ RDX metabolism, and (ii) although RDX may act as both a nitrogen source and cometabolic electron sink, the latter role predominates, as RDX reduction will proceed regardless of whether or not a more favorable nitrogen source is present. Nitrates 126-133 radixin Homo sapiens 160-163 12153019-9 2002 The presence of nitrate reversibly halted RDX metabolism, whereas ammonium had no discernible effect, which implies that: (i) nitrate, which commonly occurs in RDX-contaminated groundwater, may inhibit in situ RDX metabolism, and (ii) although RDX may act as both a nitrogen source and cometabolic electron sink, the latter role predominates, as RDX reduction will proceed regardless of whether or not a more favorable nitrogen source is present. Nitrates 126-133 radixin Homo sapiens 160-163 12153019-9 2002 The presence of nitrate reversibly halted RDX metabolism, whereas ammonium had no discernible effect, which implies that: (i) nitrate, which commonly occurs in RDX-contaminated groundwater, may inhibit in situ RDX metabolism, and (ii) although RDX may act as both a nitrogen source and cometabolic electron sink, the latter role predominates, as RDX reduction will proceed regardless of whether or not a more favorable nitrogen source is present. Nitrates 126-133 radixin Homo sapiens 160-163 11912238-4 2002 Later in the diurnal cycle an orchestrated increase of GLN2, PKc, CS, and ICDH-1 expression re-establishes a balance between nitrate assimilation and ammonium metabolism. Nitrates 125-132 glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase, basic vacuolar Nicotiana tabacum 55-59 12010476-9 2002 The results may mean that AMF-colonization positively affects nitrate uptake from soil and nitrate allocation to the plant partner, probably mediated preferentially by LeNRT2;3. Nitrates 62-69 nitrate transporter NRT2.3 Solanum lycopersicum 168-176 12010476-9 2002 The results may mean that AMF-colonization positively affects nitrate uptake from soil and nitrate allocation to the plant partner, probably mediated preferentially by LeNRT2;3. Nitrates 91-98 nitrate transporter NRT2.3 Solanum lycopersicum 168-176 11939777-2 2002 The NapB protein is essential in transferring electrons to the large catalytic subunit NapA, which subsequently reduces nitrate to nitrite. Nitrates 120-127 NSF attachment protein beta Homo sapiens 4-8 11939777-8 2002 We propose a hypothetical but plausible model of the NapAB complex in which the four redox centers are positioned in a virtually linear configuration which spans a distance of nearly 40 A, suggesting an efficient pathway for the transfer of electrons from NapC, the physiological electron donor of NapB, to a nitrate molecule at the catalytic site of NapA. Nitrates 309-316 NSF attachment protein beta Homo sapiens 298-302 11912225-2 2002 Two classes of genes, NRT1 and NRT2, have been found to be potentially involved in the high and low affinity nitrate transport systems (HATS and LATS, respectively). Nitrates 109-116 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-26 11912225-2 2002 Two classes of genes, NRT1 and NRT2, have been found to be potentially involved in the high and low affinity nitrate transport systems (HATS and LATS, respectively). Nitrates 109-116 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 31-35 12000675-0 2002 Nitrate signalling on the nitrate reductase gene promoter depends directly on the activity of the nitrate transport systems in Chlamydomonas. Nitrates 0-7 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 26-43 12000675-1 2002 Nitrate signalling on the nitrate reductase (Nia1) gene promoter from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been studied by using a construct of the Nia1 promoter transcriptionally fused to the Chlamydomonas arylsulphatase gene as a reporter in strains bearing different sets of nitrate/nitrite transport genes. Nitrates 0-7 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 26-43 12081242-10 2002 We concluded that the decrease in nitrate/nitrite concentration in preovulatory follicles after hCG injection was due mainly to decreased iNOS expression in granulosa cells. Nitrates 34-41 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 138-142 11912225-3 2002 The complexity of the molecular basis of nitrate uptake has been enhanced by the finding that in many plants both NRT1 and NRT2 classes are represented by multigene families. Nitrates 41-48 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 114-118 11912225-3 2002 The complexity of the molecular basis of nitrate uptake has been enhanced by the finding that in many plants both NRT1 and NRT2 classes are represented by multigene families. Nitrates 41-48 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 123-127 11921102-1 2002 Nitrate assimilation genes encoding a nitrate transporter (YNT1), nitrite reductase (YNI1), a Zn(II)(2)Cys(6) transcriptional factor involved in nitrate induction (YNA1) and the nitrate reductase (YNR1) are clustered in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Nitrates 0-7 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 59-63 11912225-5 2002 This is a review of recent progress in the characterization of the NRT2 nitrate transporters, the composition of this family in Arabidopsis, their possible role in nitrate acquisition, and some aspects of their regulation in plants. Nitrates 72-79 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 67-71 11912226-1 2002 The AtNRT1.1 (CHL1) gene of Arabidopsis encodes a dual-affinity nitrate transporter and contributes to both low and high affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 64-71 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-12 11912226-1 2002 The AtNRT1.1 (CHL1) gene of Arabidopsis encodes a dual-affinity nitrate transporter and contributes to both low and high affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 64-71 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-18 11912227-4 2002 In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the Nar1;1 gene has been shown to have this role in nitrate assimilation. Nitrates 82-89 NAR1.1 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 34-40 11922726-1 2002 The nitrate form of the Group III transitional element gallium (GN) increases expression of specific structural components of the provisional wound matrix (i.e., collagen type I, fibronectin) in human dermal fibroblasts. Nitrates 4-11 fibronectin 1 Homo sapiens 179-190 11954828-7 2002 PARP-/- mice, and their wild-type littermate showed a similar time-dependent increase in plasma nitrite/nitrate and in gut and lung MDA content, as well as the presence of nitrotyrosine in the gut. Nitrates 104-111 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1 Mus musculus 0-4 11921102-1 2002 Nitrate assimilation genes encoding a nitrate transporter (YNT1), nitrite reductase (YNI1), a Zn(II)(2)Cys(6) transcriptional factor involved in nitrate induction (YNA1) and the nitrate reductase (YNR1) are clustered in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Nitrates 0-7 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 164-168 11921102-1 2002 Nitrate assimilation genes encoding a nitrate transporter (YNT1), nitrite reductase (YNI1), a Zn(II)(2)Cys(6) transcriptional factor involved in nitrate induction (YNA1) and the nitrate reductase (YNR1) are clustered in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Nitrates 38-45 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 164-168 11814459-5 2002 There was a weak but significant correlation between the nitrite/nitrate and endothelin-1 concentrations in the NP and NTP groups (r(1)=0.46, P<0.05, and r(2)=0.38, P<0.05, respectively) which probably revealed the balance between these vasoactive factors. Nitrates 65-72 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 77-89 11792648-8 2002 Basal and ACh-induced nitrite/nitrate production was less in TNF-alpha-infused than in control pregnant rats. Nitrates 30-37 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 61-70 11990929-10 2002 The nitrate concentration change was paralleled by the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, as indicated by alterations of myeloperoxidase activity and by impaired histologic and cellular membrane integrity in tissues and organs. Nitrates 4-11 myeloperoxidase Rattus norvegicus 127-142 12148533-12 2002 The auxin-resistant mutants axrl, axr4 and aux1 all showed the wild-type lateral root elongation responses to a nitrate-rich patch, suggesting that auxin is not required for this response. Nitrates 112-119 Transmembrane amino acid transporter family protein Arabidopsis thaliana 43-47 11878390-2 2002 This method is similar to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency method 353.2 and U.S. Geological Survey method 1-2545-90 except that nitrate is reduced to nitrite by soluble nitrate reductase (NaR, EC 1.6.6.1) purified from corn leaves rather than a packed-bed cadmium reactor. Nitrates 132-139 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 173-190 11863253-6 2002 RESULTS: A twofold increase in plasma TNF-alpha levels in pregnant rats resulted in a significant increase in arterial pressure (97 +/- 3.6 v 116 +/- 2.1 mm Hg, pregnant versus TNF-alpha pregnant, respectively, P < .05), but no significant change in urinary nitrite/nitrate excretion (22.0 +/- 1.9 v 20.8 +/- 2.5 micromol/24 h, pregnant versus TNF-alpha pregnant, respectively), a measure of whole body NO production. Nitrates 269-276 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 38-47 11823513-7 2002 Infected IL-12p40(-/-) and IFN-gamma(-/-) mice also mounted anti-Citrobacter serum and gut-associated IgA responses and strongly expressed inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in mucosal tissue, despite diminished serum nitrite/nitrate levels. Nitrates 220-227 interleukin 12b Mus musculus 9-17 11823513-7 2002 Infected IL-12p40(-/-) and IFN-gamma(-/-) mice also mounted anti-Citrobacter serum and gut-associated IgA responses and strongly expressed inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in mucosal tissue, despite diminished serum nitrite/nitrate levels. Nitrates 220-227 interferon gamma Mus musculus 27-36 12210732-7 2002 On the other hand, IL-1beta, a Th1 proinflammatory cytokine, dramatically increases nitrite and nitrate levels, as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) transcripts and also upregulates islet ICAM-1 expression as well as circulating ICAM-1 levels. Nitrates 96-103 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 19-27 12442789-1 2002 This paper assesses the distribution of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) nitrogen deposition in native bushland soil adjacent to an open ventilated poultry farm. Nitrates 60-67 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 69-72 11924581-4 2002 The nitrate removal rate per unit volume of sulfur layer can be expressed as alpha (ALR)n, where ALR is the applied loading rate. Nitrates 4-11 growth factor, augmenter of liver regeneration Homo sapiens 84-87 11924581-4 2002 The nitrate removal rate per unit volume of sulfur layer can be expressed as alpha (ALR)n, where ALR is the applied loading rate. Nitrates 4-11 growth factor, augmenter of liver regeneration Homo sapiens 97-100 11858480-6 2002 RESULTS: Increased TF and PAI-1 antigen, and PAI-1 activity levels were associated with increasing IL-6 and nitrite + nitrate levels (p <0.05), the development of MOF (p <0.05), and mortality (p <0.05). Nitrates 118-125 coagulation factor III, tissue factor Homo sapiens 19-21 11858480-6 2002 RESULTS: Increased TF and PAI-1 antigen, and PAI-1 activity levels were associated with increasing IL-6 and nitrite + nitrate levels (p <0.05), the development of MOF (p <0.05), and mortality (p <0.05). Nitrates 118-125 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 26-31 11858480-6 2002 RESULTS: Increased TF and PAI-1 antigen, and PAI-1 activity levels were associated with increasing IL-6 and nitrite + nitrate levels (p <0.05), the development of MOF (p <0.05), and mortality (p <0.05). Nitrates 118-125 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 45-50 11755929-4 2002 Both IL-1beta and TNF-alpha stimulated NF-kappaB activity, iNOS mRNA and protein expression with massive nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production in rat VSMCs. Nitrates 113-120 interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus 5-13 11755929-4 2002 Both IL-1beta and TNF-alpha stimulated NF-kappaB activity, iNOS mRNA and protein expression with massive nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production in rat VSMCs. Nitrates 113-120 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 18-27 12638758-3 2002 The surface runoff was negligible and therefore the according nitrate fluxes as welL Soil water analysis revealed mean nitrate concentrations of 3 to 15 mg NO3 L(-1), depending on soil depth. Nitrates 119-126 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 156-159 12638758-4 2002 The nitrate concentrations at 50 cm soil depth and the associated percolation rates led to NO3-N outputs of 15.9 kg NO3-N ha(-1) in the year 1999 and 7.9 kg NO3-N ha(-1) in the year 2000. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 91-94 12638758-4 2002 The nitrate concentrations at 50 cm soil depth and the associated percolation rates led to NO3-N outputs of 15.9 kg NO3-N ha(-1) in the year 1999 and 7.9 kg NO3-N ha(-1) in the year 2000. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 116-119 12638758-4 2002 The nitrate concentrations at 50 cm soil depth and the associated percolation rates led to NO3-N outputs of 15.9 kg NO3-N ha(-1) in the year 1999 and 7.9 kg NO3-N ha(-1) in the year 2000. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 116-119 12210732-7 2002 On the other hand, IL-1beta, a Th1 proinflammatory cytokine, dramatically increases nitrite and nitrate levels, as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) transcripts and also upregulates islet ICAM-1 expression as well as circulating ICAM-1 levels. Nitrates 96-103 negative elongation factor complex member C/D, Th1l Mus musculus 31-34 12688525-7 2002 The appearance and disappearance of P450 isoforms paralleled the conversion of organic nitrates to NO as assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Nitrates 87-95 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6 Homo sapiens 36-40 11902126-2 2002 Patients with 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase, sepiapterin reductase and dihydropteridine reductase deficiencies exhibited decreased CSF nitrite + nitrate levels compared with healthy control subjects. Nitrates 152-159 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase Homo sapiens 14-50 11902126-2 2002 Patients with 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase, sepiapterin reductase and dihydropteridine reductase deficiencies exhibited decreased CSF nitrite + nitrate levels compared with healthy control subjects. Nitrates 152-159 sepiapterin reductase Homo sapiens 52-73 25696028-8 2002 Nitrates and NO-donors reduce SBP more than DBP because of their effects on the large conduit arteries. Nitrates 0-8 selenium binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 30-33 16228527-3 2002 The activity of nitrate reductase (NR), the first and rate-limiting step in the assimilation of nitrate into amino acids in leaves, is subjected to a varied range of regulatory influences including a robust circadian rhythm. Nitrates 16-23 nitrate reductase [NADH] Solanum lycopersicum 35-37 12051519-7 2002 Endothelin-1 additions diminished nitrate and nitrite levels in embryos from both control and n-stz diabetic rats, whereas bosentan stimulated nitrate and nitrite generation in those embryos. Nitrates 34-41 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-12 12189042-10 2002 However, oxygenated myoglobin readily reacts with *NO to yield higher order N-oxides such as nitrate, while both the ferrous and ferric forms of the protein form a stable complex with *NO. Nitrates 93-100 myoglobin Homo sapiens 20-29 12077491-12 2002 In multivariate analysis, significant independent predictors of fDH were older age (OR = 1.04 [1.02-1.07]), lack of glomerulonephritis as renal diagnosis (2.63 [1.18-5.87]), high phosphorus levels (5.0 [2.45-10.0]), lack of use of Ca-channel blockers (2.09 [1.12-3.91]), and the use of nitrates (2.38 [1.24-4.55]). Nitrates 286-294 alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (class III), chi polypeptide Homo sapiens 64-67 11793130-6 2002 Urinary nitrite + nitrate excretion was significantly lower in iNOS KO mice compared to control animals at all time points; in C57 mice, urinary nitrite declined progressively with more prolonged duration of diabetes. Nitrates 18-25 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 63-67 11788764-3 2002 In leaves, GS2 functions to assimilate ammonia produced by nitrate reduction and photorespiration, and GS1 is the major isoform assimilating NH3 produced by all other metabolic processes, including symbiotic N2 fixation in the nodules. Nitrates 59-66 glutamine synthetase precursor Glycine max 11-14 12688525-2 2002 We studied the rat P450 (CYP)-catalyzed conversion of organic nitrate to nitric oxide (NO) by purified CYP isoforms and the relationship between P450 expression and nitrate tolerance following continuous infusion of organic nitrates in rats. Nitrates 62-69 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6 Homo sapiens 19-23 12688525-8 2002 Our observations indicate that nitrate tolerance is in large part the result of decreased P450 expression and activity. Nitrates 31-38 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6 Homo sapiens 90-94 12805808-2 2001 Nitrate (NO3-) concentration in soil solution at the treated site was significantly higher than that of the control in the no-snow period, and it was decreased by dilution from melting snow. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 11936646-3 2002 Simulation studies using the Simulation Benchmark developed in the European COST program show that both objectives can be achieved by maintaining the nitrate concentration at the outlet of the anoxic zone at around 2 mgN/L. Nitrates 150-157 helt bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 217-220 11811525-8 2001 The generation of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) by the NaN3/catalase/H2O2 system was maximal at pH 5.0. Nitrates 37-44 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 46-49 11811525-8 2001 The generation of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) by the NaN3/catalase/H2O2 system was maximal at pH 5.0. Nitrates 37-44 catalase Homo sapiens 64-72 11730359-9 2001 Plasma and urine nitrite/nitrate levels were significantly lower in l-NAME-treated Thy-1 rats compared to nontreated Thy-1 rats. Nitrates 25-32 Thy-1 cell surface antigen Rattus norvegicus 83-88 11735412-7 2001 First, metHb prevents the peroxynitrite-mediated nitration of a target dipeptide, Ala-Tyr, and second, it promotes the isomerization of peroxynitrite to nitrate. Nitrates 153-160 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 7-12 12805744-1 2001 An investigation of air pollution in the Tehran metropolitan area between 1992-2000 indicated that there are significant amounts of nitrate ion (NO3-), over 30 kg/ha/year, deposited as wet deposition, compared to 13 kg/ha/year in the Chitgar Parkland near the Tehran metropolitan area. Nitrates 132-139 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 145-148 12805813-8 2001 The ratio of mean monthly headwater nitrate (NO3-) concentration to precipitation NO3- concentration declined with increased precipitation concentration. Nitrates 36-43 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 45-48 12805781-1 2001 Studies with established turf and golf courses have indicated minimal risk of nitrate pollution of groundwater resulting from turfgrass management, but soil nitrate flux in turfgrass sod production farms and golf courses has received less attention. Nitrates 157-164 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 183-186 12805781-2 2001 Information about nitrate-N flux at a particular location can be helpful to the sod producer or the golf course manager when efficiently applying N fertilizers and minimizing risk of nitrate pollution. Nitrates 18-25 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 80-83 12805811-2 2001 These high rates of deposition have translated into consistently high levels of nitrate (NO3-) in some streams of the San Bernardino Mountains. Nitrates 80-87 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 89-92 12805837-2 2001 This leads to a series of environmental impacts, including: (1) nitrate (NO3) contamination of drinking water, (2) eutrophication of freshwater lakes, (3) acidification and biodiversity impacts on terrestrial ecosystems, (4) ozone and particle formation affecting human health, and (5) global climate change induced by emissions of N2O. Nitrates 64-71 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 73-76 11568845-14 2001 Sulfates (SO4) and nitrates (NO3) are found in the area in low concentrations, even below the WHO standards for drinking water, but are significantly higher in the surface water compared to the groundwater. Nitrates 19-27 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 29-32 11700425-6 2001 In addition, we found a significant correlation between nitrate/nitrite levels and TNF-R1 (r =.70; p =.0001) or TNF-R2 (r =.62; p =.0013), respectively. Nitrates 56-63 TNF receptor superfamily member 1A Homo sapiens 83-89 11700425-6 2001 In addition, we found a significant correlation between nitrate/nitrite levels and TNF-R1 (r =.70; p =.0001) or TNF-R2 (r =.62; p =.0013), respectively. Nitrates 56-63 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 112-118 11690645-6 2001 Maximal expression of a nirK-lacZ fusion in strain USDA110 required simultaneously both low level oxygen conditions and the presence of nitrate. Nitrates 136-143 nitrite reductase, copper-containing Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA 110 24-28 11583718-12 2001 The increase in the serum level of nitrite/nitrate after 3 months of estrogen therapy showed a significant inverse correlation (r=0.52, P<0.01) with the reduction in the plasma level of ACE activity. Nitrates 43-50 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 189-192 11534936-8 2001 RESULTS: In the acute phase of colitis, intracolonic nitrite/nitrate levels were significantly higher in the 100 and 500 mg supplemented L-Arg groups than in D-Arg group. Nitrates 61-68 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 Rattus norvegicus 137-142 11552025-2 2001 The levels of nitrite + nitrate (NOx) in CSF were fourfold higher in patients with PPMS than in controls (p < 0.001), whereas the concentrations in plasma were similar. Nitrates 24-31 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 41-44 11641309-10 2001 Among the antihypertensive agents, nitrates, NO donors, and drugs that interfere with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may offer useful tools to lower pulse pressure, in addition to mean blood pressure. Nitrates 35-43 renin Homo sapiens 90-95 12060296-6 2001 The NiR gene is expressed in roots and leaves, although the level of expression is much higher in roots, in accordance with the fact that L. japonicus assimilates nitrate mainly in roots. Nitrates 163-170 nir Lotus japonicus 4-7 12060296-7 2001 NiR mRNA, protein and activity are induced by nitrate in roots and leaves, while ammonium-grown plants only showed basal levels. Nitrates 46-53 nir Lotus japonicus 0-3 11517313-4 2001 We find that, at biologically relevant O(2) concentrations, HMP preferentially binds NO (not O(2)), which it then reacts with oxygen to form nitrate (in essence NO(-) + O(2) --> NO(3)(-)). Nitrates 141-148 inner membrane mitochondrial protein Homo sapiens 60-63 11602386-1 2001 Nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) concentrations are usually measured as a marker of NO metabolism. Nitrates 19-26 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 28-31 11553762-7 2001 Among these genes were several previously identified as nitrate responsive, including nitrate transporters, nitrate and nitrite reductase, and metabolic enzymes such as transaldolase, transketolase, malate dehydrogenase, asparagine synthetase, and histidine decarboxylase. Nitrates 56-63 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic Solanum lycopersicum 120-137 11553762-7 2001 Among these genes were several previously identified as nitrate responsive, including nitrate transporters, nitrate and nitrite reductase, and metabolic enzymes such as transaldolase, transketolase, malate dehydrogenase, asparagine synthetase, and histidine decarboxylase. Nitrates 56-63 transaldolase Solanum lycopersicum 169-182 11553762-7 2001 Among these genes were several previously identified as nitrate responsive, including nitrate transporters, nitrate and nitrite reductase, and metabolic enzymes such as transaldolase, transketolase, malate dehydrogenase, asparagine synthetase, and histidine decarboxylase. Nitrates 56-63 malate dehydrogenase Solanum lycopersicum 199-219 11553762-7 2001 Among these genes were several previously identified as nitrate responsive, including nitrate transporters, nitrate and nitrite reductase, and metabolic enzymes such as transaldolase, transketolase, malate dehydrogenase, asparagine synthetase, and histidine decarboxylase. Nitrates 56-63 asparagine synthetase Solanum lycopersicum 221-242 11642005-3 2001 TNF alpha was measured by cytotoxicity on L-929 cells and nitrite by the Griess reaction, after reduction of all nitrates to nitrites by nitrate reductase, 1 h after LPS injection (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) Nitrates 113-121 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 0-9 11580101-3 2001 Aminoguanidine, a selective inducible NO synthase inhibitor, abolished the inhibition of neutrophil migration and the increase in serum nitrate levels induced by a nonlethal dose of LPS. Nitrates 136-143 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 28-49 11487691-1 2001 The AtNRT1.1 (CHL1) transporter provides a primary mechanism for nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis and is expected to localize to the epidermis and cortex of the mature root, where the bulk of nitrate uptake occurs. Nitrates 65-72 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-12 11487691-1 2001 The AtNRT1.1 (CHL1) transporter provides a primary mechanism for nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis and is expected to localize to the epidermis and cortex of the mature root, where the bulk of nitrate uptake occurs. Nitrates 65-72 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-18 11487691-1 2001 The AtNRT1.1 (CHL1) transporter provides a primary mechanism for nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis and is expected to localize to the epidermis and cortex of the mature root, where the bulk of nitrate uptake occurs. Nitrates 189-196 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-12 11487691-1 2001 The AtNRT1.1 (CHL1) transporter provides a primary mechanism for nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis and is expected to localize to the epidermis and cortex of the mature root, where the bulk of nitrate uptake occurs. Nitrates 189-196 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 14-18 11530952-2 2001 The eventual fate of NO is oxidation to nitrite (NO2) and nitrate (NO3), both of which are end-products of NO metabolism. Nitrates 58-65 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 67-70 11479842-7 2001 The low levels of LMVEC iNOS expression are associated with a 4-fold lower nitrite and nitrate production. Nitrates 87-94 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 24-28 11384769-6 2001 Furthermore, the administration of apelin-12 (10 nmol/kg) in rats produced a transitory elevation of the plasma nitrite/nitrate concentration from a basal level of 21.4+/-1.6 to 27.0+/-1.5 microM. Nitrates 120-127 apelin Rattus norvegicus 35-41 11421931-3 2001 The purpose of the study was to examine serum nitrate (NO3) levels in relation to the disease severity in children with AD. Nitrates 46-53 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 55-58 11442316-2 2001 A severe inflammatory response characterized by peritoneal exudation, high peritoneal levels of nitrate/nitrite, and leukocyte infiltration into peritoneal exudate was induced by zymosan administration in iNOS +/+ mice. Nitrates 96-103 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 205-209 11442316-5 2001 Peritoneal administration of zymosan in the iNOS +/+ mice induced also a significant increase in the plasma levels of nitrite/nitrate and in the levels of peroxynitrite at 18 h after zymosan challenge. Nitrates 126-133 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 44-48 11459488-1 2001 A detailed investigation of the spin-lattice relaxation time, T1, for 207Pb in solid lead nitrate has been undertaken in an effort to understand the mechanism of relaxation. Nitrates 90-97 spindlin 1 Homo sapiens 32-36 11425809-5 2001 Significantly lower concentrations of plasma nitrate (P < 0.01) were measured at the end of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) down-regulation (24.6 micromol/l +/- 1.4) compared with the concentrations found at day 8 of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation (34.9 micromol/l +/- 2.6) and at the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) (35.6 micromol/l +/- 3.3). Nitrates 45-52 chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5 Homo sapiens 324-353 11402201-1 2001 Transgenic plants of Arabidopsis bearing the spinach (Spinacia oleracea) nitrite reductase (NiR, EC 1.7.7.1) gene that catalyzes the six-electron reduction of nitrite to ammonium in the second step of the nitrate assimilation pathway were produced by use of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and nopaline synthase terminator. Nitrates 205-212 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 73-90 11407704-8 2001 RESULTS: In iNOS+/+ animals with AIA, the plasma concentration of nitrite/nitrate was increased 3-fold and iNOS expression was detected in cells of the joint. Nitrates 74-81 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 12-16 11440734-9 2001 Correlation analysis revealed significant inverse correlation between nitrate levels and VEGF. Nitrates 70-77 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 89-93 11402201-1 2001 Transgenic plants of Arabidopsis bearing the spinach (Spinacia oleracea) nitrite reductase (NiR, EC 1.7.7.1) gene that catalyzes the six-electron reduction of nitrite to ammonium in the second step of the nitrate assimilation pathway were produced by use of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and nopaline synthase terminator. Nitrates 205-212 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 92-95 11337842-1 2001 Water quality associated with nitrate (NO3-) leaching from agricultural soils is an important environmental issue. Nitrates 30-37 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 39-42 11556575-1 2001 Nitrate levels in CSF and sera from 16 coma and 19 noncoma falciparum malaria patients were determined using nitric oxide colorometric assay. Nitrates 0-7 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 18-21 11556575-3 2001 The medians of nitrate level in CSF of coma and noncoma cases were 0.09 (0.01, 0.28) and 0.15 (0, 1.18) microM, respectively. Nitrates 15-22 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 32-35 11292369-4 2001 Treatment with LPS, on its own, increased serum nitrite/nitrate levels at 5 and 20 h after injection, while treatment with LPS and arginine produced nitrite/nitrate levels in the serum even greater at 5 h, but significantly lower at 20 h. Liver iNOS mRNA levels were markedly increased by LPS, and this effect was significantly decreased when mice were also given exogenous arginine. Nitrates 56-63 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 15-18 11432445-1 2001 Plasma nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) are the stable end-products of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) metabolism. Nitrates 26-33 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 35-38 11394308-0 2001 An integrated relay/nitrate reductase field-effect transistor for the sensing of nitrate (NO3-). Nitrates 20-27 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 90-93 11394308-7 2001 The devices that include the bipyridinium units tethered to the gate interface with methylene chain length, -(CH2)n, where n > or = 7, reveal a detection limit of 7 x 10(-5) M for nitrate and a sensitivity of 52 +/- 2 mV dec-1. Nitrates 183-190 deleted in esophageal cancer 1 Homo sapiens 224-229 11411856-5 2001 Nitrate concentration in the greenhouse effluent can be reduced to acceptable levels for the protection of freshwater aquatic life (i.e., less then 40 ppm) using a loading rate of 1.65 g NO3-N/m2/day and a design water depth of 30 cm or greater. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 187-190 11351772-1 2001 As a potent and selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-specific phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), sildenafil citrate (Viagra) is safe and effective in men with erectile dysfunction (ED) of diverse aetiologies, including patients with common cardiovascular diseases who are not receiving organic nitrates or nitrate donor drugs. Nitrates 304-312 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 100-104 11351772-1 2001 As a potent and selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-specific phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), sildenafil citrate (Viagra) is safe and effective in men with erectile dysfunction (ED) of diverse aetiologies, including patients with common cardiovascular diseases who are not receiving organic nitrates or nitrate donor drugs. Nitrates 304-311 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 100-104 11259452-7 2001 However, BRE expression was downregulated in human adrenal adenoma and pheochromocytoma, whereas its expression was enhanced in abnormal adrenal tissues of rats chronically treated with nitrate or nitrite. Nitrates 186-193 BRISC and BRCA1 A complex member 2 Homo sapiens 9-12 11292369-4 2001 Treatment with LPS, on its own, increased serum nitrite/nitrate levels at 5 and 20 h after injection, while treatment with LPS and arginine produced nitrite/nitrate levels in the serum even greater at 5 h, but significantly lower at 20 h. Liver iNOS mRNA levels were markedly increased by LPS, and this effect was significantly decreased when mice were also given exogenous arginine. Nitrates 157-164 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 123-126 11292369-4 2001 Treatment with LPS, on its own, increased serum nitrite/nitrate levels at 5 and 20 h after injection, while treatment with LPS and arginine produced nitrite/nitrate levels in the serum even greater at 5 h, but significantly lower at 20 h. Liver iNOS mRNA levels were markedly increased by LPS, and this effect was significantly decreased when mice were also given exogenous arginine. Nitrates 157-164 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 123-126 11351735-6 2001 From the sum of the contributions of particles on the Teflon and nylon filters of the PMDS, nitrate formation almost completely accounts for chloride depletion in PM2.5 prior to collection since the equivalent ratio of [Na+] to ([NO3-] + [Cl-]) is close to the seawater ratio of 0.85. Nitrates 92-99 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 230-233 11258960-9 2001 This result indicates that, as confirmed from protein analysis after reacting the proteins with NO* for 10 times, when peroxynitrite is coordinated to the heme of myoglobin or hemoglobin it rapidly isomerizes to nitrate without nitrating the globins in physiologically significant amounts. Nitrates 212-219 myoglobin Homo sapiens 163-172 11288970-0 2001 Dobutamine as bridge to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-nitrate therapy in endstage heart failure. Nitrates 64-71 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 24-53 11288970-12 2001 CONCLUSIONS: Of the patients on dobutamine inotropic support, 70% were successfully transitioned to ACE inhibitor-nitrate therapy, with improved symptoms and LVEF, and with reduced hospitalizations and follow-up dobutamine or transplant. Nitrates 114-121 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 100-103 11222615-0 2001 snr-1 gene is required for nitrate reduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Nitrates 27-34 cytochrome C Snr1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 0-5 11222615-6 2001 An isogenic snr-1::Gm insertional mutant was unable to grow aerobically with nitrate as a sole nitrogen source or anaerobically with nitrate as an electron acceptor. Nitrates 77-84 cytochrome C Snr1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 12-17 11244107-9 2001 Because at this locus coincidences of QTLs for grain yield, GS, NR activity, and nitrate content were also observed, we hypothesize that leaf nitrate accumulation and the reactions catalyzed by NR and GS are coregulated and represent key elements controlling nitrogen use efficiency in maize. Nitrates 81-88 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 194-196 11244107-9 2001 Because at this locus coincidences of QTLs for grain yield, GS, NR activity, and nitrate content were also observed, we hypothesize that leaf nitrate accumulation and the reactions catalyzed by NR and GS are coregulated and represent key elements controlling nitrogen use efficiency in maize. Nitrates 142-149 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 64-66 11244107-9 2001 Because at this locus coincidences of QTLs for grain yield, GS, NR activity, and nitrate content were also observed, we hypothesize that leaf nitrate accumulation and the reactions catalyzed by NR and GS are coregulated and represent key elements controlling nitrogen use efficiency in maize. Nitrates 142-149 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 194-196 11289303-2 2001 For assimilation of nitrate (and nitrite) there are two types of uptake system known: ABC transporters that are driven by ATP hydrolysis, and secondary transporters reliant on a proton motive force. Nitrates 20-27 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (Langereis blood group) Homo sapiens 86-89 11240977-1 2001 OBJECTIVE: An enhanced circulatory angiotensin II level that results from the administration of nitroglycerin may contribute to the development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 147-154 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 35-49 11222615-6 2001 An isogenic snr-1::Gm insertional mutant was unable to grow aerobically with nitrate as a sole nitrogen source or anaerobically with nitrate as an electron acceptor. Nitrates 133-140 cytochrome C Snr1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 12-17 11165253-0 2001 An arabidopsis T-DNA mutant affected in Nrt2 genes is impaired in nitrate uptake. Nitrates 66-73 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 40-44 11165253-1 2001 Expression analyses of Nrt2 plant genes have shown a strict correlation with root nitrate influx mediated by the high-affinity transport system (HATS). Nitrates 82-89 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 23-27 11165253-5 2001 Moreover, the de-regulated expression of a Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Nrt2 gene restored the mutant nitrate influx to that of the wild-type. Nitrates 99-106 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 69-73 11450112-7 2001 Evidence is emerging that Nap fulfills a novel role in nitrate scavenging by some pathogenic bacteria. Nitrates 55-62 catenin beta like 1 Homo sapiens 26-29 11165878-6 2001 The concentrations of RSNOs, nitrate, and nitrated LDL were positively correlated to those of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and apoB. Nitrates 29-36 apolipoprotein B Homo sapiens 134-138 11227283-10 2001 Nitrate and DON displayed contrasting seasonal trends; NO3 concentrations were larger in the winter while DON concentrations were larger in the summer. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 55-58 11550504-1 2001 The end products of nitric oxide (NO) metabolism in human organism, i.e. anions, nitrites (NO2) and nitrates (NO3), are excreted predominantly (95%) via urine. Nitrates 100-108 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 110-113 11208643-1 2001 Levels of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) were measured in pulmonary edema fluid and plasma from 34 patients with early acute lung injury (ALI) and 20 patients with hydrostatic pulmonary edema. Nitrates 29-36 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 38-41 11237288-5 2001 More than 94% of the N2O was from the reduction of NO3-, probably due to aerobic nitrate respiration as well as respiratory denitrification. Nitrates 81-88 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 51-54 11201500-2 2001 Recently, 3-(5"-hydroxymethyl-2"-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (YC-1) was shown to potentiate vascular smooth muscle responsiveness to glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), sodium nitroprusside, and the nitric oxide donor NOC 18, in organic nitrate-naive vascular smooth muscle. Nitrates 141-148 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 58-62 11201500-3 2001 We used GTN-tolerant rabbit aortic rings (RARs) to test the hypothesis that a non-vasorelaxant concentration of YC-1 enhances the ability of the prototypical organic nitrate GTN to relax vascular smooth muscle and elevate intravascular cGMP under conditions of GTN tolerance. Nitrates 166-173 RNA binding motif single stranded interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 112-116 11688686-5 2001 The results showed that redox processes with nitrate, manganese oxide and ferric iron as the electron acceptors exhibited hydrogen threshold values close to PCE/TCE dechlorination, whereas cis-DCE and VC dechlorinations exhibited hydrogen threshold values in the range of sulfate reduction and methanogenesis, respectively. Nitrates 45-52 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase Homo sapiens 193-196 11215662-3 2001 This investigation studied the attenuation of nitrate (NO3- -N) as wastewater effluent flowed through the shallow ground water of a forested headwater riparian zone within the Appalachian Valley and Ridge physiographic province. Nitrates 46-53 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 55-58 11587558-8 2001 The increases paralleled the increases in ALT levels with peak levels of serum nitrate plus nitrite at 6 h (168 +/- 27 microM). Nitrates 79-86 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 42-45 11756889-7 2001 Nitrate (NO3) was 49.8 +/- 5.0 micromol/L in patients with PDR and 24.2 +/- 2.8 micromol/L in patients with macula hole; it was also significantly elevated in patients with PDR (P = 0.004, Mann-Whitney), whereas nitrite (NO2) was not detected in this study. Nitrates 0-7 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 9-12 11216852-1 2001 Nitrate reductase (NR; EC 1.6.6.1) is the first enzyme of the nitrate-assimilatory pathway and is regulated transcriptionally and post-translationally by several metabolic and environmental signals. Nitrates 62-69 nitrate reductase [NADH]-like Cucumis sativus 0-17 11216852-1 2001 Nitrate reductase (NR; EC 1.6.6.1) is the first enzyme of the nitrate-assimilatory pathway and is regulated transcriptionally and post-translationally by several metabolic and environmental signals. Nitrates 62-69 nitrate reductase [NADH]-like Cucumis sativus 19-21 11216852-9 2001 It is concluded that, in cucumber plants, the rate of CO2 assimilation controls the rate of nitrate assimilation by modulation of NR expression and activity, and that sugars are presumably involved as regulatory metabolites. Nitrates 92-99 nitrate reductase [NADH]-like Cucumis sativus 130-132 11957779-6 2001 In 1986 WHO fixed the limit of the contents of nitrates in drinking water to 10 mg N-NO3-/dm3 (45 mg NO3-/dm3). Nitrates 47-55 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 85-88 11957779-6 2001 In 1986 WHO fixed the limit of the contents of nitrates in drinking water to 10 mg N-NO3-/dm3 (45 mg NO3-/dm3). Nitrates 47-55 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 101-104 11137498-7 2000 Because PDE5 is also present in small amounts in the systemic vasculature, sildenafil can cause a synergistic and major decrease in pressure when combined with organic nitrates. Nitrates 168-176 phosphodiesterase 5A Homo sapiens 8-12 11881452-0 2001 [Effects of hyperbaric oxygenation and ceruloplasmin on redox processes and phosphorylation associated with them in the salivary glands in chronic nitrate intoxication]. Nitrates 147-154 ceruloplasmin Homo sapiens 39-52 11257884-7 2001 PAH biodegradation ceased when nitrate was depleted and resumed when the enrichment was fed nitrate, demonstrating that PAH biodegradation was dependent upon nitrate reduction. Nitrates 31-38 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 11257884-7 2001 PAH biodegradation ceased when nitrate was depleted and resumed when the enrichment was fed nitrate, demonstrating that PAH biodegradation was dependent upon nitrate reduction. Nitrates 31-38 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 120-123 11257884-7 2001 PAH biodegradation ceased when nitrate was depleted and resumed when the enrichment was fed nitrate, demonstrating that PAH biodegradation was dependent upon nitrate reduction. Nitrates 92-99 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 11257884-7 2001 PAH biodegradation ceased when nitrate was depleted and resumed when the enrichment was fed nitrate, demonstrating that PAH biodegradation was dependent upon nitrate reduction. Nitrates 92-99 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 120-123 11257884-7 2001 PAH biodegradation ceased when nitrate was depleted and resumed when the enrichment was fed nitrate, demonstrating that PAH biodegradation was dependent upon nitrate reduction. Nitrates 92-99 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 11257884-7 2001 PAH biodegradation ceased when nitrate was depleted and resumed when the enrichment was fed nitrate, demonstrating that PAH biodegradation was dependent upon nitrate reduction. Nitrates 92-99 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 120-123 11257884-13 2001 PAH degradation was approximately stoichiometric with the amount of nitrate consumed. Nitrates 68-75 phenylalanine hydroxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 11257889-12 2001 The procedure uses the second derivative of the absorption spectrum for nitrate (NO3-), which has a peak at approximately 224 nm that is proportional to the NO3- concentration. Nitrates 72-79 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 81-84 11257889-12 2001 The procedure uses the second derivative of the absorption spectrum for nitrate (NO3-), which has a peak at approximately 224 nm that is proportional to the NO3- concentration. Nitrates 72-79 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 157-160 11116119-4 2000 In the AdeNOS-treated rats, the local expression of eNOS in the NTS was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis for the eNOS protein and by increased production of nitrite/nitrate in the NTS measured by in vivo microdialysis. Nitrates 200-207 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 9-13 11116119-4 2000 In the AdeNOS-treated rats, the local expression of eNOS in the NTS was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis for the eNOS protein and by increased production of nitrite/nitrate in the NTS measured by in vivo microdialysis. Nitrates 200-207 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 52-56 11001767-5 2000 Angiotensin II (ANG II, 100 nM) increased EC production of nitrate/nitrite by 2.4-fold. Nitrates 59-66 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 0-14 11221914-2 2000 The present study was undertaken to determine whether plasma levels of the NO metabolites nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) in the systemic and cavernous blood of male subjects change during different penile conditions, and whether there is a difference in the NO3- and NO2- levels of normal males and patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). Nitrates 90-97 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 99-102 11052959-5 2000 NOS2 activation was estimated by mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein (Western-blot) expression and plasma nitrate/nitrite accumulation. Nitrates 96-103 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 11063722-6 2000 The functional importance of the diminished eNOS expression was revealed by the finding that serum nitrite/nitrate levels among individuals carrying the -786T-->C mutation were significantly lower than among those without the mutation. Nitrates 107-114 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 44-48 11131279-5 2000 Nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production stimulated by interleukin (IL)-1beta or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in VSMCs was markedly suppressed by inhibiting MAP kinase by pretreatment with a p42/p44 MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK)-1 inhibitor (PD98059) or by transfecting the dominant-interfering form of the nonphosphorylated MAPKK-1 expressing construct (MAPKK S222A). Nitrates 8-15 interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus 47-69 11131279-5 2000 Nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production stimulated by interleukin (IL)-1beta or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in VSMCs was markedly suppressed by inhibiting MAP kinase by pretreatment with a p42/p44 MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK)-1 inhibitor (PD98059) or by transfecting the dominant-interfering form of the nonphosphorylated MAPKK-1 expressing construct (MAPKK S222A). Nitrates 8-15 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 73-106 11131279-5 2000 Nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production stimulated by interleukin (IL)-1beta or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in VSMCs was markedly suppressed by inhibiting MAP kinase by pretreatment with a p42/p44 MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK)-1 inhibitor (PD98059) or by transfecting the dominant-interfering form of the nonphosphorylated MAPKK-1 expressing construct (MAPKK S222A). Nitrates 8-15 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 Rattus norvegicus 192-195 11131279-5 2000 Nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production stimulated by interleukin (IL)-1beta or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in VSMCs was markedly suppressed by inhibiting MAP kinase by pretreatment with a p42/p44 MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK)-1 inhibitor (PD98059) or by transfecting the dominant-interfering form of the nonphosphorylated MAPKK-1 expressing construct (MAPKK S222A). Nitrates 8-15 mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 318-325 11098975-13 2000 iNOS+/+ mice subjected to SMAO had increased plasma concentrations of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-), and the plasma concentrations of NO2- and NO3- were highest in the mice in which bacterial translocation had occurred. Nitrates 89-96 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 0-4 11046058-5 2000 Incubating LPS-primed monocytes with NCX-4016 resulted in intracellular NO formation as assessed by measuring nitrite/nitrate, intracellular cGMP concentration, and intracellular NO formation. Nitrates 118-125 T cell leukemia homeobox 2 Homo sapiens 37-40 11001767-5 2000 Angiotensin II (ANG II, 100 nM) increased EC production of nitrate/nitrite by 2.4-fold. Nitrates 59-66 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 16-22 11026644-7 2000 N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) lowered the basal concentration of plasma nitrate, abolished the increase in plasma nitrate elicited by angiotensin II and norepinephrine, and potentiated the pressor effect of the low dose of angiotensin II, although this dose did not increase NO production. Nitrates 128-135 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 148-162 11028657-6 2000 Oxymetazoline and xylometazoline were shown to have a dose dependent inhibitory effect on total iNOS activity indicated by nitrite/nitrate formation in the Griess assay. Nitrates 131-138 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 96-100 11026644-2 2000 This study intended to determine first, whether NO-derived plasma nitrate varies in response to increases in blood pressure induced by different mechanical and pharmacologic stimuli, including angiotensin II and catecholamines; and second, specifically to study the interaction between angiotensin II and NO production. Nitrates 66-73 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 193-207 11026644-6 2000 The intermediate and high dose, but not the low dose, of angiotensin II increased plasma nitrate concentration. Nitrates 89-96 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 57-71 11022123-8 2000 Moreover, there were highly significant correlations between nitrate and IL-6 serum levels (p < 0.05), nitrate and sTNFr-I (p < 0.05), nitrate and sTNFr-II (p < 0.05), and between IL-6 and IL-10 (p < 0.05), respectively. Nitrates 61-68 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 73-77 11022123-8 2000 Moreover, there were highly significant correlations between nitrate and IL-6 serum levels (p < 0.05), nitrate and sTNFr-I (p < 0.05), nitrate and sTNFr-II (p < 0.05), and between IL-6 and IL-10 (p < 0.05), respectively. Nitrates 61-68 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 189-193 11022123-8 2000 Moreover, there were highly significant correlations between nitrate and IL-6 serum levels (p < 0.05), nitrate and sTNFr-I (p < 0.05), nitrate and sTNFr-II (p < 0.05), and between IL-6 and IL-10 (p < 0.05), respectively. Nitrates 61-68 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 198-203 10986217-2 2000 We have previously shown that protection against D-galactosamine (D-GalN) induced liver injury by prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) was accompanied by an increase in TNF-alpha and nitrite/nitrate in serum. Nitrates 182-189 galanin and GMAP prepropeptide Rattus norvegicus 68-72 10954746-5 2000 A strong correlation between methemoglobin and plasma nitrate formation was observed, suggesting that NO metabolism is a primary physiological cause of hemoglobin oxidation. Nitrates 54-61 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 29-42 10983841-13 2000 These findings suggest that increased production of nitrate in PE may contribute to homeostatic vasodilation against vasoconstriction caused by a higher ET-1 concentration. Nitrates 52-59 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 153-157 10936493-8 2000 Increase of nitrite and nitrate (as an index of NO formation) in the hippocampus, as observed after ischemia, was reduced in animals treated with recombinant human erythropoietin. Nitrates 24-31 erythropoietin Homo sapiens 164-178 10983841-0 2000 The relationship between serum nitrate and endothelin-1 concentrations in preeclampsia. Nitrates 31-38 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 43-55 10814817-3 2000 In order to identify cis-acting DNA-elements involved in light and nitrate induction of the birch NiR gene, a 0.9 kb 5" flanking region of the NiR gene was isolated, analysed on the DNA level, and the transcription start site was determined. Nitrates 67-74 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic-like Nicotiana tabacum 98-101 10983841-8 2000 There was a significant correlation between NOx (nitrite + nitrate) and ET-1 in sera from all 44 women (NP, NTP and PE groups) (p<0.001). Nitrates 59-66 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 72-76 10983841-11 2000 However, there was a significant correlation between nitrate and ET-1 in sera from the PE group (p<0.05). Nitrates 53-60 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 65-69 10948265-3 2000 Most of the known nitrate-regulated genes (including those encoding nitrate reductase, the nitrate transporter NRT1, and glutamate synthase) appeared in the 40 most strongly nitrate-induced genes/clones on at least one of the microarrays of the 5524 genes/clones investigated. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 68-85 10948265-3 2000 Most of the known nitrate-regulated genes (including those encoding nitrate reductase, the nitrate transporter NRT1, and glutamate synthase) appeared in the 40 most strongly nitrate-induced genes/clones on at least one of the microarrays of the 5524 genes/clones investigated. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 111-115 10948265-3 2000 Most of the known nitrate-regulated genes (including those encoding nitrate reductase, the nitrate transporter NRT1, and glutamate synthase) appeared in the 40 most strongly nitrate-induced genes/clones on at least one of the microarrays of the 5524 genes/clones investigated. Nitrates 18-25 glutamate synthase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 121-139 10948265-4 2000 Novel nitrate-induced genes were also found, including those encoding (1) possible regulatory proteins, including an MYB transcription factor, a calcium antiporter, and putative protein kinases; (2) metabolic enzymes, including transaldolase and transketolase of the nonoxidative pentose pathway, malate dehydrogenase, asparagine synthetase, and histidine decarboxylase; and (3) proteins with unknown functions, including nonsymbiotic hemoglobin, a senescence-associated protein, and two methyltransferases. Nitrates 6-13 malate dehydrogenase Arabidopsis thaliana 297-317 10948265-7 2000 Two genes, AMT1;1 encoding an ammonium transporter and ANR1 encoding a MADS-box factor, were repressed by nitrate. Nitrates 106-113 anthranilate synthase alpha subunit 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 11-15 10948265-7 2000 Two genes, AMT1;1 encoding an ammonium transporter and ANR1 encoding a MADS-box factor, were repressed by nitrate. Nitrates 106-113 AGAMOUS-like 44 Arabidopsis thaliana 55-59 10909895-5 2000 In addition, an overproduction of nitric oxide (NO, examined by its metabolites nitrite/nitrate) by inducible NO synthase (iNOS, examined by western blot analysis) is attenuated by pretreatment of LPS rats with terbutaline. Nitrates 88-95 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 100-121 10909895-5 2000 In addition, an overproduction of nitric oxide (NO, examined by its metabolites nitrite/nitrate) by inducible NO synthase (iNOS, examined by western blot analysis) is attenuated by pretreatment of LPS rats with terbutaline. Nitrates 88-95 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 123-127 10916096-10 2000 Kallikrein gene delivery significantly decreased total urinary protein and albumin excretion and increased levels of urinary kinin, nitrite/nitrate, and cGMP levels. Nitrates 140-147 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 0-10 10814817-4 2000 Deletion analysis of the birch NiR promoter region fused to the GUS reporter gene (uidA) in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) revealed the presence of light- and nitrate-responsive promoter fragments. Nitrates 167-174 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic-like Nicotiana tabacum 31-34 10918945-0 2000 Long-term effect of antihypertensive therapy with calcium antagonist or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on serum nitrite/nitrate levels in human essential hypertension. Nitrates 129-136 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 72-101 10887287-1 2000 The interaction of organic nitrates (nitroethyleneglycol, dinitroglycerol, and their esters with arachidonic acid) with oxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin has been studied. Nitrates 27-35 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 138-151 10807981-9 2000 Indeed, nitrite/nitrate was positive in 70% of AFP-negative HCC patients. Nitrates 16-23 alpha fetoprotein Homo sapiens 47-50 10981158-5 2000 All classes of antihypertensive drugs reduce pulse pressure by means of lowering peripheral resistance, but certain drugs like nitrates, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and other drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system have multiple actions that improve large artery stiffness and early wave reflection and are especially useful in treating ISH in the elderly. Nitrates 127-135 renin Homo sapiens 209-214 10781002-15 2000 LPS pretreatment increased serum corticosterone levels in both mice, while it increased the serum nitrate/nitrite levels in wild-type but not in iNOS deficient mice. Nitrates 98-105 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 0-3 10840402-0 2000 Markedly elevated nitrate/nitrite levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with progressive encephalopathy with edema, hypsarrhythmia, and optic atrophy (PEHO syndrome). Nitrates 18-25 coiled-coil domain containing 88A Homo sapiens 159-163 10883943-3 2000 This study was to determine the tolerance for high doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-nitrates in women versus men and to compare their symptomatic response, exercise tolerance, and ventricular functional improvement over 1 year. Nitrates 106-114 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 60-89 10883943-3 2000 This study was to determine the tolerance for high doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-nitrates in women versus men and to compare their symptomatic response, exercise tolerance, and ventricular functional improvement over 1 year. Nitrates 106-114 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 91-94 10883943-5 2000 For all patients, ACE inhibitor-nitrate therapy was intensified. Nitrates 32-39 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 18-21 10883943-14 2000 Thus, both women and men tolerated uptitrated ACE inhibitor-nitrate medical therapy, with comparable reversal of heart failure remodeling. Nitrates 60-67 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 46-49 10788454-3 2000 Total nitrate and nitrite production was completely abolished in cells from iNOS-deficient animals compared with control cells. Nitrates 6-13 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 76-80 10677431-5 2000 Furthermore, contrasting the dual-affinity nitrate transport activity of CHL1, OsNRT1 displayed only low-affinity nitrate transport activity in Xenopus oocytes, with a K(m) value of approximately 9 mM. Nitrates 43-50 DEAD/H-box helicase 11 L homeolog Xenopus laevis 73-77 10795767-1 2000 We have previously reported that ingestion of vegetables containing high nitrate (NO3-) increases breath nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration, probably due to denitrification. Nitrates 73-80 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 82-85 10807014-5 2000 The continuous infusion of 4-ABH4 efficiently suppressed the enhanced calcium-dependent/independent NO synthase activities induced by endotoxin in lung homogenates and completely suppressed the increase in plasma nitrite + nitrate caused by endotoxin at 5 h, with no significant difference compared with the L- NMMA treatment. Nitrates 223-230 abhydrolase domain containing 4, N-acyl phospholipase B Rattus norvegicus 29-33 10981145-6 2000 ANG II-induced ROS play a pivotal role in several pathophysiologic situations of vascular and renal cells such as hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, nitrate tolerance, atherosclerosis, and cellular remodeling. Nitrates 153-160 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 0-6 10753096-12 2000 Increased production of methemoglobin and free radicals of nitric oxide and oxygen due to nitrate metabolism in the body lead to alveolar damage and mismatching of ventilation and perfusion, which may be the reason for high mortality in children due to RRTI. Nitrates 90-97 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 24-37 10705297-3 2000 IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-10 have been shown to be involved in the regulation of LPS-induced serum levels of the NO-oxidation products nitrate and nitrite. Nitrates 137-144 interferon gamma Mus musculus 0-9 10705297-3 2000 IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-10 have been shown to be involved in the regulation of LPS-induced serum levels of the NO-oxidation products nitrate and nitrite. Nitrates 137-144 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 11-20 10705297-3 2000 IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-10 have been shown to be involved in the regulation of LPS-induced serum levels of the NO-oxidation products nitrate and nitrite. Nitrates 137-144 interleukin 10 Mus musculus 25-30 10671549-4 2000 Cells transfected with either wild type (WT) or mutant (G93A) Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) produced comparable amounts of nitrite/nitrate but showed different degree of apoptosis. Nitrates 141-148 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 62-89 10671549-4 2000 Cells transfected with either wild type (WT) or mutant (G93A) Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) produced comparable amounts of nitrite/nitrate but showed different degree of apoptosis. Nitrates 141-148 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 91-100 10703687-5 2000 RESULTS: No significant differences between groups were detected at baseline except that patients with higher ACE inhibitor doses were more likely to take nitrates, beta-blockers and amiodarone, received higher furosemide doses and had higher serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels. Nitrates 155-163 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 110-113 10759614-2 2000 The changes in both the population spike amplitude and NO metabolites, nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-), in the CA1 region were simultaneously determined before and after tetanic stimulation. Nitrates 90-97 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 113-116 10811574-10 2000 For nitrate levels > 25 mg/L, an increased SIR and an increased IRR of 1.46 were observed; however, this increase was not statistically significant, probably because of the small number of cases (15 of 1,064). Nitrates 4-11 insulin receptor related receptor Homo sapiens 67-70 10790841-3 2000 Protonation at the terminal oxygen atoms in methyl nitrate was less exothermic; the calculated proton affinities were 725, 722, and 712 kJ mol-1 for the formation of the syn-syn, anti-syn, and syn-anti ion rotamers 3a+, 3b+, and 3c+, respectively. Nitrates 51-58 synemin Homo sapiens 170-173 10790841-3 2000 Protonation at the terminal oxygen atoms in methyl nitrate was less exothermic; the calculated proton affinities were 725, 722, and 712 kJ mol-1 for the formation of the syn-syn, anti-syn, and syn-anti ion rotamers 3a+, 3b+, and 3c+, respectively. Nitrates 51-58 synemin Homo sapiens 174-177 10790841-3 2000 Protonation at the terminal oxygen atoms in methyl nitrate was less exothermic; the calculated proton affinities were 725, 722, and 712 kJ mol-1 for the formation of the syn-syn, anti-syn, and syn-anti ion rotamers 3a+, 3b+, and 3c+, respectively. Nitrates 51-58 synemin Homo sapiens 174-177 10790841-3 2000 Protonation at the terminal oxygen atoms in methyl nitrate was less exothermic; the calculated proton affinities were 725, 722, and 712 kJ mol-1 for the formation of the syn-syn, anti-syn, and syn-anti ion rotamers 3a+, 3b+, and 3c+, respectively. Nitrates 51-58 synemin Homo sapiens 174-177 10731606-5 2000 We have also demonstrated that methyl viologen is an ineffective electron donor to Nap: its use leads to an underestimation of the contribution of Nap activity to the rate of nitrate reduction in vivo. Nitrates 175-182 catenin beta like 1 Homo sapiens 147-150 10772174-7 2000 The limits of detection for nitrite and nitrate ions are 1 and 10 mg/kg, respectively. Nitrates 40-47 VPS52 subunit of GARP complex Homo sapiens 53-65 12212263-0 2000 [Derivative-ratio derivative spectrum method for determining nitrate and nitrite radicals (NO3- and NO2-) in environmental water]. Nitrates 61-68 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 91-94 12212263-4 2000 The results suggest that this method is better than ratio derivative spectrum method and it can be applied for determining nitrate and nitrite (NO3- and NO2-) in environment water samples. Nitrates 123-130 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 144-147 11247410-4 2000 The theories put forward to explain nitrate tolerance are examined, including recent work on vascular superoxide and endothelin-1 regulation. Nitrates 36-43 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 117-129 10620000-9 2000 CONCLUSION: We conclude that inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin release by transdermal nitroglycerin without causing hyperglycaemia may serve as a novel component of the antianginal mechanism of action of nitrates. Nitrates 211-219 insulin Homo sapiens 62-69 10613864-6 2000 While MR1-CYMA retained menaquinone levels comparable to those of MR-1, it lost the ability to reduce iron(III), manganese(IV), and nitrate and to grow by using fumarate as an electron acceptor. Nitrates 132-139 cytochrome c Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 10-14 10613864-8 2000 The requirement for CymA in anaerobic electron transport to iron(III), fumarate, nitrate, and manganese(IV) is therefore not dependent on the levels of menaquinone in these cells. Nitrates 81-88 cytochrome c Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 20-24 10631110-0 2000 Nitric oxide nitrates tyrosine residues of tumor-suppressor p53 protein in MCF-7 cells. Nitrates 13-21 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 60-63 10631110-2 2000 As nitration of tyrosine residues in various proteins has been shown to inhibit their functions, we examined whether NO nitrates tyrosine residues in p53 protein. Nitrates 120-128 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 150-153 10642319-4 2000 Nitrate/nitrite production in AdeNOS-transduced ZG cells increased from 0.15+/-0.01 to 0.27+/-0.01 micromol/L after stimulation with 1 nmol/L angiotensin II. Nitrates 0-7 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 142-156 10631272-0 2000 Nitrite reductase mutants as an approach to understanding nitrate assimilation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Nitrates 58-65 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 0-17 10631272-4 2000 This finding confirms the previous role proposed for NR on its own regulation (autoregulation) and on the other genes for nitrate assimilation in C. reinhardtii. Nitrates 122-129 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 53-55 10689548-6 1999 A significant correlation was shown between TGF-beta, and nitrate levels in all tissues (r = 0.24, P = 0.01), as well as in malignant tissues (r = 0.3, P = 0.026). Nitrates 58-65 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 44-52 10627036-7 1999 The ORF 5- and ORF 6-encoded proteins were shown by immunoblotting to be synthesized by cells grown in the presence of nitrate. Nitrates 119-126 ORF5 Clostridium perfringens 4-9 10627036-7 1999 The ORF 5- and ORF 6-encoded proteins were shown by immunoblotting to be synthesized by cells grown in the presence of nitrate. Nitrates 119-126 ORF6 Clostridium perfringens 15-20 10627036-10 1999 Instead, all 5 ORFs downstream of ORF 6 are homologous to genes reported for molybdopterin biosynthesis, unlike the genomic organization already determined for the respiratory and assimilatory nitrate-reduction systems. Nitrates 193-200 ORF6 Clostridium perfringens 34-39 10583588-2 1999 Continuous treatment with 5 mm or 10 mm l-N6-(1-imino-ethyl)-lysine (L-NIL), a selective NOS2-inhibitor, in acidified drinking water for up to 7 weeks consistently reduced infection-induced nitrate/nitrite to background levels in mycobacteria-infected BALB/c mice. Nitrates 190-197 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 89-93 10541285-8 1999 Similarly, cilazaprilat elicited greater bradykinin-dependent increases of nitrite/nitrate in the medulla. Nitrates 83-90 kininogen 1 Canis lupus familiaris 41-51 10515827-5 1999 These data confirm that TNF or Lt-alpha is a key cytokine for the anticryptococcal response and demonstrate its major role for the induction of IL-1beta, IL-6, and KC in the brain; however, its presence is not a prerequisite for IL-12, IFN-gamma, and nitrite/nitrate production. Nitrates 259-266 lymphotoxin A Mus musculus 31-39 10515827-4 1999 In contrast, higher levels of IL-6, IL-10, and MCP-1 in plasma and higher levels of IL-12, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and nitrite/nitrate were found in all compartments of TNF/Lt-alpha-deficient mice. Nitrates 127-134 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 169-172 10645729-4 1999 ARS levels were very low in cells grown in the presence of NH4Cl and dramatically increased on agar medium deprived of any nitrogen source or containing nitrate, nitrite, urea, arginine or glutamine. Nitrates 153-160 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 0-3 10515827-5 1999 These data confirm that TNF or Lt-alpha is a key cytokine for the anticryptococcal response and demonstrate its major role for the induction of IL-1beta, IL-6, and KC in the brain; however, its presence is not a prerequisite for IL-12, IFN-gamma, and nitrite/nitrate production. Nitrates 259-266 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 24-27 10645729-5 1999 Compared to nitrogen-free medium, a slight positive effect of nitrate in the NR+ strain and a significant negative effect of nitrite in both NR+ and NR- strains were observed. Nitrates 62-69 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 77-79 10546136-1 1999 This case report describes a 48-year-old woman patient with variant angina who died because of severe myocardial ischemia and cardiogenic shock, in spite of chronic therapy with nitrates and calcium-antagonists and acute intravenous administration of nitrates, calcium-antagonists and tissue-type plasminogen activator. Nitrates 178-186 plasminogen activator, tissue type Homo sapiens 285-318 10546136-1 1999 This case report describes a 48-year-old woman patient with variant angina who died because of severe myocardial ischemia and cardiogenic shock, in spite of chronic therapy with nitrates and calcium-antagonists and acute intravenous administration of nitrates, calcium-antagonists and tissue-type plasminogen activator. Nitrates 251-259 plasminogen activator, tissue type Homo sapiens 285-318 10511130-9 1999 Thus long-term ACE inhibition prevents nitrate tolerance by an endothelium-dependent mechanism involving mainly an enhanced NO availability via B2-kinin receptor. Nitrates 39-46 angiotensin I converting enzyme Rattus norvegicus 15-18 10534444-4 1999 A significant decrease in the average postwounding urinary nitrate levels compared to prewounding levels was observed within the TGF-beta1 treatment group animals (P </= 0.001) with an insignificant change for the phosphate-buffered saline control animals (P </= 0.10). Nitrates 59-66 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Mus musculus 129-138 10534444-5 1999 Additionally, TGF-beta1-treated animals showed significant connective tissue repair compared to controls without a concurrent increase in postwounding urinary nitrate levels, supporting the noninflammatory nature of the perforated mesentery model. Nitrates 159-166 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Mus musculus 14-23 10398706-0 1999 Simultaneous expression of NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and other krebs cycle genes after nitrate resupply to short-term nitrogen-starved tobacco Mitochondrial NAD-dependent (IDH) and cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases have been considered as candidates for the production of 2-oxoglutarate required by the glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase cycle. Nitrates 100-107 isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] regulatory subunit 1, mitochondrial Nicotiana tabacum 27-65 10512631-1 1999 The effect of anion binding on iodopsin, the chicken red-sensitive cone visual pigment, was studied by measurements of the Fourier transform infrared spectra of chloride- and nitrate-bound forms of iodopsin at 77 K. In addition to the blue shift of the absorption maximum upon substituting nitrate for chloride, the C=C stretching vibrations of iodopsin and its photoproducts were upshifted 5-6 cm(-)(1). Nitrates 175-182 opsin 1 (cone pigments), long-wave-sensitive (color blindness, protan) Gallus gallus 198-206 10512631-1 1999 The effect of anion binding on iodopsin, the chicken red-sensitive cone visual pigment, was studied by measurements of the Fourier transform infrared spectra of chloride- and nitrate-bound forms of iodopsin at 77 K. In addition to the blue shift of the absorption maximum upon substituting nitrate for chloride, the C=C stretching vibrations of iodopsin and its photoproducts were upshifted 5-6 cm(-)(1). Nitrates 175-182 opsin 1 (cone pigments), long-wave-sensitive (color blindness, protan) Gallus gallus 198-206 10512631-1 1999 The effect of anion binding on iodopsin, the chicken red-sensitive cone visual pigment, was studied by measurements of the Fourier transform infrared spectra of chloride- and nitrate-bound forms of iodopsin at 77 K. In addition to the blue shift of the absorption maximum upon substituting nitrate for chloride, the C=C stretching vibrations of iodopsin and its photoproducts were upshifted 5-6 cm(-)(1). Nitrates 290-297 opsin 1 (cone pigments), long-wave-sensitive (color blindness, protan) Gallus gallus 31-39 10438436-7 1999 In the DHEA-S group, plasma circulating nitrate and nitrite increased significantly at 10 and 30 min after DHEA-S administration respectively (P < 0.05). Nitrates 40-47 sulfotransferase family 2A member 1 Homo sapiens 7-13 10438436-7 1999 In the DHEA-S group, plasma circulating nitrate and nitrite increased significantly at 10 and 30 min after DHEA-S administration respectively (P < 0.05). Nitrates 40-47 sulfotransferase family 2A member 1 Homo sapiens 107-113 10485617-4 1999 The vascular expression of bNOS as well as that of ecNOS was decreased along with tissue nitrite/nitrate contents in DOCA-salt and 2K1C hypertension. Nitrates 97-104 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 27-31 10485617-5 1999 The expression of both bNOS and ecNOS was increased in SHR with concomitant changes of tissue nitrite/nitrate contents. Nitrates 102-109 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 23-27 10485617-5 1999 The expression of both bNOS and ecNOS was increased in SHR with concomitant changes of tissue nitrite/nitrate contents. Nitrates 102-109 nitric oxide synthase 3 Rattus norvegicus 32-37 11776556-2 1999 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical applications of the detection of the stable end products of NO, nitrite and nitrate (NO2-./NO3-.) Nitrates 112-119 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 127-130 10381925-10 1999 Plasma nitrite/nitrate levels and hepatic NOS activity were increased significantly by CCl4 treatment. Nitrates 15-22 C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 Rattus norvegicus 87-91 10407321-6 1999 By using this "reaction continuous-flow mass spectrometry" (R/CFMS) we developed methods for the (15)N determination of nitrite and nitrate from tracer experiment samples, i.e. artificially enriched in (15)N. Because both methods are based on the same principle, one continuous flow setup connected directly to a quadrupole mass spectrometer for all determinations was used. Nitrates 132-139 colony stimulating factor 1 receptor Homo sapiens 62-66 10490919-7 1999 The survival rate to endotoxin in mice was significantly (P <.01) increased by the presence of higenamine in the LPS-treated group up to 48 h. Serum nitrite/nitrate levels were significantly (P <.05) reduced by higenamine in LPS-treated rats. Nitrates 160-167 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 116-119 10503839-8 1999 Nitrate levels were positively correlated with blood and 24 h urinary neopterin (e.g. plasma nitrate and blood neopterin: r = 0.54, P<0.0001), and in some cases, to C-reactive protein. Nitrates 0-7 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 168-186 10449574-1 1999 The Arabidopsis CHL1 (AtNRT1) gene encodes an inducible component of low-affinity nitrate uptake, which necessitates a "two-component" model to account for the constitutive low-affinity uptake observed in physiological studies. Nitrates 82-89 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 16-20 10449574-1 1999 The Arabidopsis CHL1 (AtNRT1) gene encodes an inducible component of low-affinity nitrate uptake, which necessitates a "two-component" model to account for the constitutive low-affinity uptake observed in physiological studies. Nitrates 82-89 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-28 10449574-2 1999 Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a CHL1 homolog, AtNRT1:2 (originally named NTL1), with data to indicate that this gene encodes a constitutive component of low-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 188-195 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 54-58 10449574-2 1999 Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a CHL1 homolog, AtNRT1:2 (originally named NTL1), with data to indicate that this gene encodes a constitutive component of low-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 188-195 nitrate transporter 1:2 Arabidopsis thaliana 68-76 10449574-2 1999 Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a CHL1 homolog, AtNRT1:2 (originally named NTL1), with data to indicate that this gene encodes a constitutive component of low-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 188-195 nitrate transporter 1:2 Arabidopsis thaliana 95-99 10449574-3 1999 Transgenic plants expressing antisense AtNRT1:2 exhibited reduced nitrate-induced membrane depolarization and nitrate uptake activities in assays with 10 mM nitrate. Nitrates 66-73 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-45 10449574-3 1999 Transgenic plants expressing antisense AtNRT1:2 exhibited reduced nitrate-induced membrane depolarization and nitrate uptake activities in assays with 10 mM nitrate. Nitrates 110-117 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-45 10449574-3 1999 Transgenic plants expressing antisense AtNRT1:2 exhibited reduced nitrate-induced membrane depolarization and nitrate uptake activities in assays with 10 mM nitrate. Nitrates 110-117 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 39-45 10449574-5 1999 Kinetic analysis of AtNRT1:2-injected Xenopus oocytes yielded a K(m) for nitrate of approximately 5.9 mM. Nitrates 73-80 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 20-26 10449574-6 1999 In contrast to CHL1, AtNRT1:2 was constitutively expressed before and after nitrate exposure (it was repressed transiently only when the level of CHL1 mRNA started to increase significantly), and its mRNA was found primarily in root hairs and the epidermis in both young (root tips) and mature regions of roots. Nitrates 76-83 nitrate transporter 1:2 Arabidopsis thaliana 21-29 10411000-3 1999 Incubation of fMLP-activated neutrophils with OH-L-Arg resulted in a production of nitrite, nitrate, and citrulline that was greater than with unstimulated neutrophils but was not inhibited by the NOS inhibitors L-NMMA and L-NIO or the cytochrome P450 inhibitor troleandomycin and was not seen when OH-L-Arg was replaced with L-Arg. Nitrates 92-99 formyl peptide receptor 1 Homo sapiens 14-18 10377083-0 1999 Evidence for a causal role of the renin-angiotensin system in nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 62-69 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 34-39 10377083-2 1999 Both phenomena are stimulated by angiotensin II in vitro, and the renin-angiotensin system is activated during early nitrate therapy. Nitrates 117-124 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 66-71 10377083-3 1999 We hypothesized that either angiotensin II or ET-1 may increase vascular O2.- production during nitrate therapy. Nitrates 96-103 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 46-50 10377083-14 1999 CONCLUSIONS: The positive effects of AT1 and ET-1 receptor blockade on tolerance and O2.- production imply a pathophysiological role for angiotensin II and to some extent for ET-1 in the development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 202-209 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 45-49 10377083-14 1999 CONCLUSIONS: The positive effects of AT1 and ET-1 receptor blockade on tolerance and O2.- production imply a pathophysiological role for angiotensin II and to some extent for ET-1 in the development of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 202-209 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 175-179 10398706-1 1999 The increase in IDH transcripts in leaf and root tissues, induced by nitrate or NH4+ resupply to short-term N-starved tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants, suggested that this enzyme could play such a role. Nitrates 70-77 isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] Nicotiana tabacum 17-20 10398706-2 1999 The leaf and root steady-state mRNA levels of citrate synthase, acotinase, IDH, and glutamine synthetase were found to respond similarly to nitrate, whereas those for cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and fumarase responded differently. Nitrates 141-148 citrate synthase, glyoxysomal-like Nicotiana tabacum 47-63 10398706-2 1999 The leaf and root steady-state mRNA levels of citrate synthase, acotinase, IDH, and glutamine synthetase were found to respond similarly to nitrate, whereas those for cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and fumarase responded differently. Nitrates 141-148 isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] Nicotiana tabacum 76-79 10398706-2 1999 The leaf and root steady-state mRNA levels of citrate synthase, acotinase, IDH, and glutamine synthetase were found to respond similarly to nitrate, whereas those for cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and fumarase responded differently. Nitrates 141-148 glutamine synthetase Nicotiana tabacum 85-105 10503995-2 1999 NO is rapidly decomposed to nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-). Nitrates 47-54 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 56-59 10437653-5 1999 In addition, the co-application of G-CSF resulted in a decreased IFN-gamma/LPS mediated iNOS protein generation as detected by immunoblotting methods after 24 and 48 h. Measurement of the stable NO metabolites showed a significant reduction of nitrite/nitrate concentrations following co-incubation of VSMC with G-CSF + IFN-gamma/LPS (242.57 +/- 10.73 nmol NO2-/NO3-/mg cell protein, n = 8) as compared to IFN-gamma/LPS treatment (306.20 +/- 19.26 nmol NO2-/NO3-/mg cell protein, n = 8, P < 0.05) following a 24-h incubation protocol. Nitrates 252-259 colony stimulating factor 3 Homo sapiens 35-40 10437653-5 1999 In addition, the co-application of G-CSF resulted in a decreased IFN-gamma/LPS mediated iNOS protein generation as detected by immunoblotting methods after 24 and 48 h. Measurement of the stable NO metabolites showed a significant reduction of nitrite/nitrate concentrations following co-incubation of VSMC with G-CSF + IFN-gamma/LPS (242.57 +/- 10.73 nmol NO2-/NO3-/mg cell protein, n = 8) as compared to IFN-gamma/LPS treatment (306.20 +/- 19.26 nmol NO2-/NO3-/mg cell protein, n = 8, P < 0.05) following a 24-h incubation protocol. Nitrates 252-259 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 65-74 10381142-7 1999 Substitution of chloride by gluconate enhanced basal steroid secretion, but nitrate completely abolished the effect of 1 IU/L hCG on androgen secretion, which could be partially overcome by increasing the gonadotropin concentration. Nitrates 76-83 chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5 Homo sapiens 126-129 10380907-3 1999 We also investigated SP-induced formation of nitrite and nitrate as an index of nitric oxide (NO) production. Nitrates 57-64 tachykinin precursor 1 Homo sapiens 21-23 10330425-13 1999 12-LO KO macrophages generated 50% less nitrate/nitrite when compared with C57BL/6 macrophages. Nitrates 40-47 arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase Mus musculus 0-5 10338458-0 1999 Double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of organic nitrates in patients with chronic heart failure treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. Nitrates 73-81 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 134-163 10338458-10 1999 CONCLUSION: High-dose nitrate therapy significantly improves exercise tolerance and left ventricular size and systolic function in patients with chronic, mild to moderate CHF already treated with ACE inhibitors. Nitrates 22-29 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 196-199 10325247-14 1999 To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that NO can promote NF-kappaB activation in the heart, a finding that identifies a new biological function of NO and may have important implications for various pathophysiological conditions in which NO is involved and for nitrate therapy. Nitrates 273-280 nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 Homo sapiens 70-79 10359060-4 1999 LPS (200 microg/ml) significantly increased the production of nitrate within a 10-min incubation period. Nitrates 62-69 interferon regulatory factor 6 Homo sapiens 0-3 10385249-9 1999 Rh-EPO (25, 50 and 100 U 100 g(-1), 5 min following the onset of reperfusion) increased survival rate (70% at 4 h of reperfusion with the highest dose), reduced plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations (10.3+/-3.3 microM), increased MAP, did not change RBC count and blood Hb, and inhibited iNOS activity in thoracic aortae. Nitrates 176-183 erythropoietin Rattus norvegicus 3-6 10218970-4 1999 Both interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha potently stimulated nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production with a concomitant expression of iNOS mRNA and protein as demonstrated by Northern and Western blot analysis, respectively. Nitrates 94-101 interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus 5-27 10218970-4 1999 Both interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha potently stimulated nitrite/nitrate (NOx) production with a concomitant expression of iNOS mRNA and protein as demonstrated by Northern and Western blot analysis, respectively. Nitrates 94-101 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 32-65 10367389-4 1999 The peak interfering with BCAA elutes at the same retention time as nitrate; however, we have not confirmed the presence of nitrate. Nitrates 68-75 AT-rich interaction domain 4B Homo sapiens 26-30 10330471-0 1999 CHL1 is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter of Arabidopsis involved in multiple phases of nitrate uptake. Nitrates 24-31 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 10330471-3 1999 Here, we demonstrate that a well-known low-affinity nitrate uptake mutant of Arabidopsis, chl1, is also defective in high-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 52-59 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-94 10330471-3 1999 Here, we demonstrate that a well-known low-affinity nitrate uptake mutant of Arabidopsis, chl1, is also defective in high-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 131-138 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 90-94 10330471-4 1999 Two to 3 hr after nitrate induction, uptake activities of various chl1 mutants at 250 microM nitrate (a high-affinity concentration) were only 18 to 30% of those of wild-type plants. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-70 10330471-4 1999 Two to 3 hr after nitrate induction, uptake activities of various chl1 mutants at 250 microM nitrate (a high-affinity concentration) were only 18 to 30% of those of wild-type plants. Nitrates 93-100 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 66-70 10330471-7 1999 Kinetic analysis of nitrate uptake by CHL1-injected Xenopus oocytes displayed a biphasic pattern with a Michaelis-Menten Km value of approximately 50 microM for the high-affinity phase and approximately 4 mM for the low-affinity phase. Nitrates 20-27 DEAD/H-box helicase 11 L homeolog Xenopus laevis 38-42 10330471-8 1999 These results indicate that in addition to being a low-affinity nitrate transporter, as previously recognized, CHL1 is also involved in both the inducible and constitutive phases of high-affinity nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis. Nitrates 64-71 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 111-115 10350003-0 1999 The nitric oxide donor SIN-1 is free of tolerance and maintains its cyclic GMP stimulatory potency in nitrate-tolerant LLC-PK1 cells. Nitrates 102-109 MAPK associated protein 1 Homo sapiens 23-28 10208844-6 1999 Treatment of rats with the selective iNOS inhibitor L-iminoethyl-lysine (L-NIL) dramatically reduced NO levels in lavage fluid as measured by decreases in nitrate and nitrite concentrations without significantly affecting iNOS protein levels. Nitrates 155-162 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 37-41 10235127-6 1999 This deteriorative action of postadministration of L-arginine (300 mg/kg intraperitoneally) was prevented by pretreatment with aminoguanidine (100 mg/kg subcutaneously), a selective iNOS inhibitor, with inhibition of increases in gastric mucosal iNOS activity and nitrite/nitrate concentration. Nitrates 272-279 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 182-186 10037703-3 1999 By using high performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with nitrate eluents, we found that lactonization of alpha2,8-linked OSA/PSA (oligo/poly-Neu5Ac, oligo/poly-Neu5Gc and oligo/poly-KDN) proceeds readily, and the lactonization process displays three discrete stages. Nitrates 69-76 aminopeptidase puromycin sensitive Homo sapiens 137-140 10190728-7 1999 In the overall series, a highly significant linear correlation between nitrites/nitrates and vWF:antigen levels was observed in patients with cirrhosis (r=0.79, p<0.001). Nitrates 80-88 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 93-96 10190728-4 1999 RESULTS: vWF:antigen and nitrite/nitrate levels were significantly higher in cirrhotic patients (367+/-185% and 29.3+/-10.8 micromol/l) than in healthy subjects (92+/-20% and 19.2+/-8.3 micromol/l, p<0.05, respectively). Nitrates 33-40 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 9-12 28307406-4 1999 We used this method to examine spatial patterns of soil ammonium (NH+4) and nitrate (NO-3) availability in a mid-successional coastal dune for four periods of time during the growing season. Nitrates 76-83 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 85-89 10190728-5 1999 Higher levels of vWF:antigen and nitrites/nitrates were observed in patients with more advanced degrees of liver failure, as reflected by quantitative Child-Pugh"s score (516+/-154% and 38.3+/-7.8 micromol/l in Child-Pugh > or = 9 vs 227+/-61% and 21.0+/-6.1 micromol/l in Child-Pugh <9, p<0.001, respectively). Nitrates 42-50 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 17-20 10205669-0 1999 Roles of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium ion in phytochrome regulation of nitrate reductase gene expression in maize. Nitrates 9-16 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 72-89 10205909-1 1999 Putative high-affinity nitrate (NO3-) transporter genes, designated Nrt2;1At and Nrt2;2At, were isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana by RT-PCR using degenerate primers. Nitrates 23-30 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 68-72 10205909-1 1999 Putative high-affinity nitrate (NO3-) transporter genes, designated Nrt2;1At and Nrt2;2At, were isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana by RT-PCR using degenerate primers. Nitrates 23-30 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 81-85 10203321-1 1999 To elucidate the involvement of NO in pain transmission in humans, we measured NO metabolites (nitrite/nitrate) in the CSF of patients with painful diseases using an NO analyzer based on the Griess method. Nitrates 103-110 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 119-122 9845803-0 1999 Pharmacokinetics of ITF 296 (Sinitrodil) a novel organic nitrate, in healthy volunteers. Nitrates 57-64 trefoil factor 3 Homo sapiens 20-23 9845803-1 1999 ITF 296 is a new orally active nitrate acting selectively on large arterial vessels over a wide range of doses. Nitrates 31-38 trefoil factor 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 10205669-6 1999 The products of nitrate reduction i.e., nitrite and ammonium ion had inhibitory and stimulatory effects respectively, on NR transcript accumulation. Nitrates 16-23 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 121-123 10063925-6 1999 Adrenomedullin levels had significant correlations with aldosterone (r = 0.55; P < 0.001), plasma renin activity (r = 0.49; P < 0.001) and nitrates-nitrites levels (r = 0.52; P < 0.001). Nitrates 145-153 adrenomedullin Homo sapiens 0-14 10205669-1 1999 The influence of nitrate and its metabolites on the nitrate reductase (NR) gene expression and its relationship with phytochrome (Pfr) regulation of NR in etiolated maize leaves is examined. Nitrates 17-24 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 52-69 10205669-1 1999 The influence of nitrate and its metabolites on the nitrate reductase (NR) gene expression and its relationship with phytochrome (Pfr) regulation of NR in etiolated maize leaves is examined. Nitrates 17-24 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 71-73 10362348-5 1999 Recent studies have shown that the use of nitrates in patients already treated with standard heart failure therapy, including angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, resulted in hemodynamic improvement, marked enhancement of exercise tolerance, reduction of left ventricular size, and augmentation of systolic function. Nitrates 42-50 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 126-155 10362348-5 1999 Recent studies have shown that the use of nitrates in patients already treated with standard heart failure therapy, including angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, resulted in hemodynamic improvement, marked enhancement of exercise tolerance, reduction of left ventricular size, and augmentation of systolic function. Nitrates 42-50 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 157-160 9844028-0 1998 The Arabidopsis CHL1 protein plays a major role in high-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 65-72 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 16-20 9844028-8 1998 These results show that CHL1 is an important component of both the high-affinity and the low-affinity nitrate-uptake systems and indicate that CHL1 may be a dual-affinity nitrate transporter. Nitrates 102-109 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 24-28 9844028-1 1998 The CHL1 (NRT1) gene of Arabidopsis encodes a nitrate-inducible nitrate transporter that is thought to be a component of the low-affinity (mechanism II) nitrate-uptake system in plants. Nitrates 46-53 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-8 9844028-8 1998 These results show that CHL1 is an important component of both the high-affinity and the low-affinity nitrate-uptake systems and indicate that CHL1 may be a dual-affinity nitrate transporter. Nitrates 102-109 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 143-147 9844028-1 1998 The CHL1 (NRT1) gene of Arabidopsis encodes a nitrate-inducible nitrate transporter that is thought to be a component of the low-affinity (mechanism II) nitrate-uptake system in plants. Nitrates 46-53 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 10-14 9844028-1 1998 The CHL1 (NRT1) gene of Arabidopsis encodes a nitrate-inducible nitrate transporter that is thought to be a component of the low-affinity (mechanism II) nitrate-uptake system in plants. Nitrates 64-71 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 4-8 9844028-1 1998 The CHL1 (NRT1) gene of Arabidopsis encodes a nitrate-inducible nitrate transporter that is thought to be a component of the low-affinity (mechanism II) nitrate-uptake system in plants. Nitrates 64-71 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 10-14 9844028-6 1998 chl1 mutants show reduced membrane depolarization in root epidermal cells in response to low (250 microM) and high (10 mM) concentrations of nitrate. Nitrates 141-148 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 9844028-7 1998 Low levels of nitrate (100 microM) induce a rapid increase in CHL1 mRNA. Nitrates 14-21 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 62-66 9853182-0 1998 The impact of beta-receptor blocker addition to high-dose angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-nitrate therapy in heart failure. Nitrates 98-105 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 58-87 9843849-2 1998 NO can combine with superoxide (O-2) to form peroxynitrite, which can decompose into nitrate. Nitrates 85-92 immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39 Homo sapiens 32-35 9843849-10 1998 These data demonstrate that O-2 released from PMNs can decrease NO by conversion to nitrate and suggest a potential mechanism for modulation of NO levels in vivo. Nitrates 84-91 immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-39 Homo sapiens 28-31 9854041-8 1998 Thus, our novel mouse model of chronic eNOS overexpression demonstrates that, in addition to the essential role of eNOS in blood pressure regulation, tonic NO release by eNOS in the endothelium induces the reduced vascular reactivity to NO-mediated vasodilators, providing several insights into the pathogenesis of nitrate tolerance. Nitrates 315-322 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 39-43 9853182-3 1998 Similarly, high doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors with nitrates partially reverse the ventricular remodeling of heart failure. Nitrates 77-85 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 25-54 9853182-3 1998 Similarly, high doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors with nitrates partially reverse the ventricular remodeling of heart failure. Nitrates 77-85 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 56-59 9853182-4 1998 HYPOTHESIS: We tested the hypothesis that beta-blocker therapy added to high-dose ACE inhibitor-nitrates would potentiate the reversal of heart failure. Nitrates 96-104 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 82-85 9853182-13 1998 CONCLUSION: High-dose ACE inhibitor-nitrate therapy significantly improved patient clinical status and left ventricular systolic function in heart failure. Nitrates 36-43 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 22-25 9794807-0 1998 Clustering of the YNA1 gene encoding a Zn(II)2Cys6 transcriptional factor in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha with the nitrate assimilation genes YNT1, YNI1 and YNR1, and its involvement in their transcriptional activation. Nitrates 117-124 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 18-22 9794807-0 1998 Clustering of the YNA1 gene encoding a Zn(II)2Cys6 transcriptional factor in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha with the nitrate assimilation genes YNT1, YNI1 and YNR1, and its involvement in their transcriptional activation. Nitrates 117-124 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 144-148 9794807-2 1998 In addition, DNA sequencing of the region containing these genes demonstrated that a new open reading frame called YNA1 (yeast nitrate assimilation) was located between YNR1 and YNI1. Nitrates 127-134 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 115-119 9794807-3 1998 The YNA1 gene encodes a protein of 529 residues belonging to the family of Zn(II)2Cys6 fungal transcriptional factors, and has the highest similarity to the transcriptional factors encoded by nirA, and to a smaller extent to nit-4, involved in the nitrate induction of the gene involved in the assimilation of this compound in filamentous fungi. Nitrates 248-255 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 4-8 9794807-4 1998 Northern blot analysis showed the presence of the YNA1 transcript in cells incubated in nitrate, nitrate plus ammonium, ammonium, and nitrogen-free media, with a decrease in its levels in those cells incubated in ammonium. Nitrates 88-95 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 50-54 9794807-4 1998 Northern blot analysis showed the presence of the YNA1 transcript in cells incubated in nitrate, nitrate plus ammonium, ammonium, and nitrogen-free media, with a decrease in its levels in those cells incubated in ammonium. Nitrates 97-104 rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase NOP2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 50-54 9763537-7 1998 045), hypertriglyceridemia (P=0.015), and chronic intake of nitrates (P<0.001) were significantly and positively related to tPA antigen concentration, while the chronic intake of aspirin was inversely related to tPA antigen (P<0.001). Nitrates 60-68 plasminogen activator, tissue type Homo sapiens 127-130 9881153-9 1998 Expression studies at the protein and mRNA levels show that each subunit is present in both root and leaf tissues and that the three IDH genes respond in the same way to nitrate addition. Nitrates 170-177 isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] Nicotiana tabacum 133-136 9821686-11 1998 The negative effect on the nia2 transcript pool exerted by exogeneous glutamine may, therefore, be explained as a result of the down-regulation of nitrate-uptake permeases in the roots by glutamine. Nitrates 147-154 nitrate reductase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 27-31 9811394-9 1998 There are a few studies assessing NO generation in hypertensive children via plasma nitrite and nitrate, the NO end products, which suggest normal or increased production as opposed to a reduction, perhaps as a compensatory phenomenon. Nitrates 96-103 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 34-36 9767541-6 1998 Kallikrein gene transfer caused left ventricular mass reduction and elevated glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, urinary excretion, urinary kinin, nitrite/nitrate content, cGMP and cAMP levels. Nitrates 165-172 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 0-10 9737004-0 1998 Clustering of the nitrite reductase gene and a light-regulated gene with nitrate assimilation loci in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Nitrates 73-80 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 18-35 9811394-10 1998 In the treatment of hypertension, nitroprusside and nitrates exert their actions via NO donation. Nitrates 52-60 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 85-87 9788654-10 1998 Nitrate+nitrite levels returned to normal within 24 h. CRP generation increased during 12 h following trauma and was most marked in severest trauma (ISS >50). Nitrates 0-7 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 55-58 9759915-3 1998 In this study, the effect of activation P2Z/P2X7 receptor was investigated on the bacterial lipopolysaccharide induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophage call line using the nitrite/nitrate assay. Nitrates 195-202 purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7 Mus musculus 44-57 9698594-9 1998 Both types of asbestos fibers also induced iNOS protein expression and the formation of nitrotyrosine in mesothelial cells and greatly induced the formation of nitrate (NO3-), a surrogate marker of ONOO- formation, in IL-1beta-stimulated cells. Nitrates 160-167 interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus 218-226 9715532-6 1998 Induction of GmNRT2 mRNA levels in roots occurred within 1 h after exposure of plants to nitrate. Nitrates 89-96 NRT2 protein Glycine max 13-19 9715532-7 1998 Nitrate induction of GmNRT2 mRNA levels was accompanied by a fourfold increase in net nitrate uptake by soybean roots at 100 microM external nitrate. Nitrates 0-7 NRT2 protein Glycine max 21-27 9715532-7 1998 Nitrate induction of GmNRT2 mRNA levels was accompanied by a fourfold increase in net nitrate uptake by soybean roots at 100 microM external nitrate. Nitrates 86-93 NRT2 protein Glycine max 21-27 9715532-7 1998 Nitrate induction of GmNRT2 mRNA levels was accompanied by a fourfold increase in net nitrate uptake by soybean roots at 100 microM external nitrate. Nitrates 141-148 NRT2 protein Glycine max 21-27 9715532-8 1998 The molecular and physiological evidence indicates that GmNRT2 is probably a high-affinity nitrate transporter involved in nitrate uptake by soybean roots. Nitrates 91-98 NRT2 protein Glycine max 56-62 9759949-8 1998 RESULTS: In all of seven specimens from children with increased levels of nitrate/nitrite in the urine, we detected antibodies to iNOS, whereas in five of six control specimens--that is, from children with normal nitrate/nitrite levels--we could not detect any iNOS. Nitrates 74-81 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 130-134 9865496-5 1998 Our present data show a correlation between the production of nitrite + nitrate (NO2- + NO3-) and that of circulating cytokines IFN and IL-6. Nitrates 72-79 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 88-91 9865496-5 1998 Our present data show a correlation between the production of nitrite + nitrate (NO2- + NO3-) and that of circulating cytokines IFN and IL-6. Nitrates 72-79 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 128-131 9675176-3 1998 Activated macrophages synthesize NO, which is oxidized in the culture medium by molecular oxygen and superoxide (O2-, also released by the cells), yielding mainly nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) as the respective end products. Nitrates 182-189 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 191-194 9865496-5 1998 Our present data show a correlation between the production of nitrite + nitrate (NO2- + NO3-) and that of circulating cytokines IFN and IL-6. Nitrates 72-79 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 136-140 9716178-3 1998 In response to cytokine stimulation (tumor necrosis factor alpha, IFN-gamma, and interleukin 1beta), human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines expressed the inducible NO synthase that synthesizes NO, detectable as nitrate and nitrite in the culture supernatants. Nitrates 210-217 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 37-64 9716178-3 1998 In response to cytokine stimulation (tumor necrosis factor alpha, IFN-gamma, and interleukin 1beta), human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines expressed the inducible NO synthase that synthesizes NO, detectable as nitrate and nitrite in the culture supernatants. Nitrates 210-217 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 66-75 9716178-3 1998 In response to cytokine stimulation (tumor necrosis factor alpha, IFN-gamma, and interleukin 1beta), human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines expressed the inducible NO synthase that synthesizes NO, detectable as nitrate and nitrite in the culture supernatants. Nitrates 210-217 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 81-98 9673545-5 1998 We examined mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in circulating PMNs from those patients pre- and postoperatively using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method and measured their serum nitrate (NO2-) + nitrate (NO3-) concentration, peripheral blood white cell (WBC) count, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level. Nitrates 241-248 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 31-52 9708463-1 1998 OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess whether oxidation products of nitric oxide (NO), nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-), referred to as NOx, are released by the heart of patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and whether NOx can be determined in peripheral blood of these patients. Nitrates 100-107 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 109-112 9691115-4 1998 Maximal second order binding rates between 40,000 and 80,000 (m-1 x sec-1) were obtained for chlorides and nitrates of 1a group alkali ions with the exception of lithium supporting only rates of maximally 10,000 (M-1 x sec-1). Nitrates 107-115 myoregulin Homo sapiens 62-65 9691115-4 1998 Maximal second order binding rates between 40,000 and 80,000 (m-1 x sec-1) were obtained for chlorides and nitrates of 1a group alkali ions with the exception of lithium supporting only rates of maximally 10,000 (M-1 x sec-1). Nitrates 107-115 secretory blood group 1, pseudogene Homo sapiens 68-73 9688317-4 1998 Following immunisation with myelin basic protein (MBP)-complete Freund"s adjuvant (CFA), PVG rats developed higher serum levels of the surrogate markers of nitric oxide production, reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI; nitrite and nitrate), than did their Lewis counterparts. Nitrates 231-238 myelin basic protein Rattus norvegicus 28-48 9688317-4 1998 Following immunisation with myelin basic protein (MBP)-complete Freund"s adjuvant (CFA), PVG rats developed higher serum levels of the surrogate markers of nitric oxide production, reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI; nitrite and nitrate), than did their Lewis counterparts. Nitrates 231-238 myelin basic protein Rattus norvegicus 50-53 9673545-5 1998 We examined mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in circulating PMNs from those patients pre- and postoperatively using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method and measured their serum nitrate (NO2-) + nitrate (NO3-) concentration, peripheral blood white cell (WBC) count, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level. Nitrates 241-248 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 54-58 9671763-5 1998 We report here that untreated p53 KO mice excreted 70% more nitrite plus nitrate than mice with wild-type (wt) p53. Nitrates 73-80 transformation related protein 53, pseudogene Mus musculus 30-33 9668089-10 1998 5-CHO-THF influx was restored by addition of chloride, fluoride, or nitrate but not by sulfate, phosphate, or ATP which were all inhibitory over a broad range of concentrations. Nitrates 68-75 thin fur Mus musculus 6-9 9671763-7 1998 Upon treatment with heat-inactivated Corynebacterium parvum, urinary nitrite plus nitrate excretion of p53 KO mice exceeded that of wt controls by approximately 200%. Nitrates 82-89 transformation related protein 53, pseudogene Mus musculus 103-106 9639597-0 1998 Functional citric acid cycle in an arcA mutant of Escherichia coli during growth with nitrate under anoxic conditions. Nitrates 86-93 arginine deiminase Escherichia coli 35-39 9655731-2 1998 It is produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is rapidly metabolized to nitrite and nitrate (NO2/NO3). Nitrates 88-95 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 18-39 9655731-2 1998 It is produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is rapidly metabolized to nitrite and nitrate (NO2/NO3). Nitrates 88-95 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 101-104 9639597-4 1998 In an arcA mutant devoid of the transcriptional regulator ArcA, glycerol was completely oxidized with nitrate as an electron acceptor, demonstrating derepression and function of the complete pathway. Nitrates 102-109 arginine deiminase Escherichia coli 6-10 9639597-4 1998 In an arcA mutant devoid of the transcriptional regulator ArcA, glycerol was completely oxidized with nitrate as an electron acceptor, demonstrating derepression and function of the complete pathway. Nitrates 102-109 arginine deiminase Escherichia coli 58-62 9694586-5 1998 This procedure, supplemented with deproteinization and reduction of nitrates to nitrites in the presence of NADPH-sensitive reductase, can be successfully applied for measurement of NOx levels in human body fluids (serum, urine and CSF). Nitrates 68-76 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 232-235 9631803-10 1998 IL-10 levels correlated with IL-6 levels (days 1 and 2) and nitrite+nitrate levels (days 1 and 3; p<0.05). Nitrates 68-75 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 0-5 9662428-1 1998 We examined cytokinin and nitrate responsiveness in gene expression of five distinct response regulator homologs (ARR3-ARR7) in the leaves of nitrogen-starved Arabidopsis plants. Nitrates 26-33 response regulator 3 Arabidopsis thaliana 114-118 9662428-1 1998 We examined cytokinin and nitrate responsiveness in gene expression of five distinct response regulator homologs (ARR3-ARR7) in the leaves of nitrogen-starved Arabidopsis plants. Nitrates 26-33 response regulator 7 Arabidopsis thaliana 119-123 9625727-3 1998 Regression analysis of serum ALT levels to serum nitrate plus nitrite levels in individual mice revealed a positive, linear relationship between serum ALT levels and serum nitrate plus nitrite levels with a correlation coefficient of 0.9 (P < 0.05). Nitrates 49-56 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 29-32 9625727-3 1998 Regression analysis of serum ALT levels to serum nitrate plus nitrite levels in individual mice revealed a positive, linear relationship between serum ALT levels and serum nitrate plus nitrite levels with a correlation coefficient of 0.9 (P < 0.05). Nitrates 49-56 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 151-154 9625727-3 1998 Regression analysis of serum ALT levels to serum nitrate plus nitrite levels in individual mice revealed a positive, linear relationship between serum ALT levels and serum nitrate plus nitrite levels with a correlation coefficient of 0.9 (P < 0.05). Nitrates 172-179 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 29-32 9628026-6 1998 In whole plants, ZmCip1 transcript was transiently accumulated exclusively in leaves by supply of nitrate or ammonium ions to the roots, whereas the transcript was not accumulated in detached leaves by supply of the nitrogen nutrients. Nitrates 98-105 cytokinin response regulator 1 Zea mays 17-23 9625727-3 1998 Regression analysis of serum ALT levels to serum nitrate plus nitrite levels in individual mice revealed a positive, linear relationship between serum ALT levels and serum nitrate plus nitrite levels with a correlation coefficient of 0.9 (P < 0.05). Nitrates 172-179 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 151-154 9626903-0 1998 Preventive effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on nitrate tolerance during continuous transdermal application of nitroglycerin in patients with chronic heart failure. Nitrates 66-73 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 22-51 9648741-1 1998 Two new nitrate assimilation-related genes, Nrt2;3 and Nar5, have been identified in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Nitrates 8-15 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 55-59 9648741-3 1998 Like that of the nitrate assimilation genes, expression of the Nrt2;3 gene is down-regulated by ammonium and positively controlled by Nit2, a regulatory locus specific for the pathway. Nitrates 17-24 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 134-138 9648741-8 1998 The Nrt2;3 and Nar5 genes are overexpressed in a deletion mutant that lacks nitrate assimilation loci. Nitrates 76-83 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 15-19 9667074-3 1998 A good positive correlation between either serum or gastric mucosal nitrite/nitrate concentration and gastric mucosal iNOS activity in all rats used (r = 0.741 or 0.842, respectively, p < 0.001) was found. Nitrates 76-83 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 118-122 9607316-0 1998 Xanthine oxidoreductase catalyses the reduction of nitrates and nitrite to nitric oxide under hypoxic conditions. Nitrates 51-59 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-23 9607316-1 1998 Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) catalyses the reduction of the therapeutic organic nitrate, nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN), as well as inorganic nitrate and nitrite, to nitric oxide (NO) under hypoxic conditions in the presence of NADH. Nitrates 81-88 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-23 9607316-1 1998 Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) catalyses the reduction of the therapeutic organic nitrate, nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN), as well as inorganic nitrate and nitrite, to nitric oxide (NO) under hypoxic conditions in the presence of NADH. Nitrates 81-88 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 25-28 9607316-1 1998 Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) catalyses the reduction of the therapeutic organic nitrate, nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN), as well as inorganic nitrate and nitrite, to nitric oxide (NO) under hypoxic conditions in the presence of NADH. Nitrates 117-124 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 0-23 9607316-1 1998 Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) catalyses the reduction of the therapeutic organic nitrate, nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN), as well as inorganic nitrate and nitrite, to nitric oxide (NO) under hypoxic conditions in the presence of NADH. Nitrates 117-124 xanthine dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 25-28 9626580-5 1998 This Lb-NO species, which has not been previously detected in intact root nodules of plants grown in the absence of nitrate, is thought to be formed by reaction of nitric oxide with iron(II) leghemoglobin. Nitrates 116-123 leghemoglobin A Glycine max 5-7 9573546-7 1998 Kallikrein gene delivery caused a decrease in blood urea nitrogen levels and increases in urinary kinin and nitrite/nitrate levels. Nitrates 116-123 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 0-10 9617881-2 1998 Here we report for the first time that 1400W, a novel and highly selective inhibitor of iNOS activity, attenuates the delayed hypotension as well as the rise in the plasma levels of nitrite/nitrate caused by endotoxin in the rat. Nitrates 190-197 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 88-92 9628026-7 1998 Both the cytokinin- and nitrate-responsive accumulations of ZmCip1 transcript were accompanied by an increase in the immunotitratable protein. Nitrates 24-31 cytokinin response regulator 1 Zea mays 60-66 9617881-4 1998 Similarly, administration of another selective inhibitor of iNOS activity, L-NIL, 2 h after endotoxin injection abolished the rise in nitrite/nitrate and attenuated the delayed hypotension caused by endotoxin, but failed to ameliorate organ injury. Nitrates 142-149 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 60-64 9495884-4 1998 Induction of iNOS protein is inferred because urinary nitrate and cGMP levels are increased 4 hr after LPS intravesical instillation and remain elevated for at least 24 hr. Nitrates 54-61 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 13-17 9661284-4 1998 Cd2+ (20 microM) stimulated an extensive swelling of nonenergized mitochondria incubated in 125 mM nitrate media, the effect being increased in the series of Li < Na < K < NH4. Nitrates 99-106 Cd2 molecule Rattus norvegicus 0-3 9523847-9 1998 A significant decrease in nitrate from preoperative levels in groups A (postoperative day (POD) 1 and 3; p < 0.0005) and B (POD 1, p < 0.0001) was observed; nitrate levels in group C did not decrease for 14 days after surgery. Nitrates 26-33 coronin 7 Homo sapiens 72-103 9475262-6 1998 Increases in renin activity amounted to 130% (p < 0.001), 117% (p < 0.001), and 112% (p < 0.001) with molsidomine, and to 14, 16%, and 0 (each NS) with the nitrate at the corresponding times. Nitrates 165-172 renin Homo sapiens 13-18 9532589-5 1998 Nitrate and nitrite, were raised in the CSF and serum of patients with multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory neurological diseases compared to patients with non-inflammatory neurological disorders (median nitrate and nitrite: cerebrospinal fluid = 10.3 microM vs 15.4 microM vs 6.6 microM, P < 0.001, and serum = 49.0 microM vs 46.4 microM vs 38.8 microM, P = 0.02, respectively). Nitrates 0-7 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 40-43 9466545-2 1998 Doxycycline (at 1.5 mg/kg) exerted its protective effect by inhibiting nitrate production by an interleukin-10-independent mechanism. Nitrates 71-78 interleukin 10 Mus musculus 96-110 9514534-9 1998 Endotoxin and interleukin-6 levels increased in a similar manner to nitrate levels, but tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta levels did not. Nitrates 68-75 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 14-27 9526673-2 1998 The levels of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) were measured simultaneously by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection using the Griess reaction after the reduction of nitrate to nitrite. Nitrates 33-40 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 42-45 9532589-6 1998 CSF nitrate and nitrite levels correlated with the albumin quotient (n = 59, r = 0.42, P < 0.001). Nitrates 4-11 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 0-3 9458730-4 1998 NO production, measured by the accumulation of nitrite and nitrate, was enhanced by 10(-7) M ANG II. Nitrates 59-66 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 93-99 10684481-2 1998 When nitrates are metabolized to release NO, there is a considerable coproduction of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical and peroxynitrite) in vessels leading to inactivation of NO, to diminished cyclic quanosine monophosphate production in smooth muscle cells (SMC), to impaired vasomotor responses to the endothelium-derived relaxation factor (EDRF), and to formation of nitrotyrosine as a marker of glyceryltrinitrate (GTN)-induced formation of peroxynitrite. Nitrates 5-13 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 315-352 9538982-13 1998 Resistance to nitrates, therefore, could be considered another feature of the insulin-resistance syndrome. Nitrates 14-22 insulin Homo sapiens 78-85 9453315-8 1998 Tissue slices of the renal cortex and medulla were studied to determine the effects of Ang II and L-NAME on the nitrite/nitrate production. Nitrates 120-127 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 87-93 9453315-9 1998 Ang II stimulated the nitrite/nitrate production predominately in the renal medulla, which was significantly attenuated by L-NAME. Nitrates 30-37 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 0-6 10684481-2 1998 When nitrates are metabolized to release NO, there is a considerable coproduction of reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical and peroxynitrite) in vessels leading to inactivation of NO, to diminished cyclic quanosine monophosphate production in smooth muscle cells (SMC), to impaired vasomotor responses to the endothelium-derived relaxation factor (EDRF), and to formation of nitrotyrosine as a marker of glyceryltrinitrate (GTN)-induced formation of peroxynitrite. Nitrates 5-13 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 354-358 9851362-5 1998 In addition, the above-mentioned changes in iNOS activity and LPO and NP-SH concentrations with lesion development in the gastric mucosa of rats with WIR stress were attenuated with both prevention of the lesion development and an increase in the concentration of gastric mucosal nitrite/nitrate, the breakdown products of NO, by pretreatment with aminoguanidine, a selective iNOS inhibitor. Nitrates 288-295 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 44-48 9456273-2 1998 Up to 8 h after dosing in the morning, more marked and sustained effects were observed with the nitrate (ST at 2 h, -82%; p < 0.001; at 8 h, -64%; p < 0.01) than with molsidomine (2 h, -68%; p < 0.001; at 8 h, -9%; NS). Nitrates 96-103 signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 Homo sapiens 105-112 9706250-9 1998 We conclude: 1) in addition to decreased granularity in atrial myocardiocytes, high circulating values of ANF here described suggest an increased turnover of the peptide in 2K2C hypertensive rats; 2) lower significant vascular relaxant effects in HT rats would indicate down regulation of ANF receptors in this model; the latter would derive from high plasma ANF concentration and, tentatively, because of greater activity of protein kinase C in the vascular wall; 39 similar values of plasma nitrite/nitrate in SH and HT rats would indicate a comparable NO circulating availability in both groups. Nitrates 501-508 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 106-109 9437522-4 1997 Intermediate 5, or the secondary products derived from it, decays to give NO3- and regenerated aldehyde, with small but significant yields of H2O2, organic acids, and organic nitrates. Nitrates 175-183 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 74-77 16793713-1 1998 Limited information seems to be available about the role of reduced endothelial production of endotheliumderived relaxing factor (EDRF)-nitrate/nitrite (NO) in the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy in insulindependent diabetes. Nitrates 136-143 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 94-128 16793713-1 1998 Limited information seems to be available about the role of reduced endothelial production of endotheliumderived relaxing factor (EDRF)-nitrate/nitrite (NO) in the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy in insulindependent diabetes. Nitrates 136-143 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 130-134 16793713-5 1998 A significant and inverse correlation of nitrate/nitrite excretion with endothelial markers (von Willebrand factor, soluble thrombomodulin) was documented. Nitrates 41-48 thrombomodulin Homo sapiens 124-138 9455975-0 1997 Changes in nitrite and nitrate (NO2-/NO3-) levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. Nitrates 23-30 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 37-40 9366711-9 1997 Nitrite and nitrate levels of the liver, ileum, and blood were higher in the iNOS+/+ mice (P < .05). Nitrates 12-19 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 77-81 9505412-1 1997 Over the last 20 years, dietary nitrate has been implicated in the formation of methemoglobin and carcinogenic nitrosamines in humans. Nitrates 32-39 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 80-93 9421934-8 1997 Compared with plants grown in N-free medium, light-grown plants supplied with nitrate had almost two-fold higher Fd-GOGAT activities and increased Fd-GOGAT mRNA levels, but nitrate had no effect on the abundance of the enzyme or its mRNA in etiolated plants, indicating that light is required for nitrate induction of barley Fd-GOGAT. Nitrates 78-85 ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase, Fd-GOGAT Hordeum vulgare 113-121 9421934-8 1997 Compared with plants grown in N-free medium, light-grown plants supplied with nitrate had almost two-fold higher Fd-GOGAT activities and increased Fd-GOGAT mRNA levels, but nitrate had no effect on the abundance of the enzyme or its mRNA in etiolated plants, indicating that light is required for nitrate induction of barley Fd-GOGAT. Nitrates 78-85 ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase, Fd-GOGAT Hordeum vulgare 147-155 9421934-8 1997 Compared with plants grown in N-free medium, light-grown plants supplied with nitrate had almost two-fold higher Fd-GOGAT activities and increased Fd-GOGAT mRNA levels, but nitrate had no effect on the abundance of the enzyme or its mRNA in etiolated plants, indicating that light is required for nitrate induction of barley Fd-GOGAT. Nitrates 78-85 ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase, Fd-GOGAT Hordeum vulgare 147-155 9326589-4 1997 CooA is a member of a family of transcriptional regulators similar to the cAMP receptor protein and fumavate nitrate reduction from Escherichia coli. Nitrates 109-116 CS1 fimbrial subunit A precursor Escherichia coli 0-4 21639276-6 1997 The tip diameter was down to 20 mum, and the sensors exhibited perfectly linear responses to nitrate in both freshwater and seawater. Nitrates 93-100 latexin Homo sapiens 32-35 9378986-6 1997 The PDTC concentration-dependent reductions in iNOS activity produced similar decreases in plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 106-113 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 47-51 9402285-3 1997 Both follicular nitrite (r = 0.42, P < 0.01) and nitrate (r = 0.49, P < 0.001) were found to be significantly correlated with follicular IL-1beta concentrations. Nitrates 52-59 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 143-151 9402285-5 1997 When follicular cells were incubated in vitro with 10 ng/ml of IL-1beta for 24 h, nitrate generation was significantly (P < 0.01) elevated compared with the control. Nitrates 82-89 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 63-71 9357468-4 1997 We therefore examined whether the plasma levels of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) ions increased after arterial reconstruction in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). Nitrates 70-77 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 79-82 9337353-0 1997 Nitrate plasma level as a marker of nitric oxide production after subcutaneous interleukin 2 immunotherapy. Nitrates 0-7 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 79-92 9312089-5 1997 ATPase activity was strictly dependent on the presence of Na+ or Li+ ions and was inhibited by nitrate, N-ethylmaleimide, and the peptide antibiotic destruxin B. Nitrates 95-102 ATPase Enterococcus faecalis 0-6 9312089-6 1997 When the purified ATPase was reconstituted into liposomes prepared from Enterococcus faecalis phospholipids, ATP-driven Na+ uptake was observed; uptake was blocked by nitrate, destruxin B, and monensin, but it accelerated by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and valinomycin. Nitrates 167-174 ATPase Enterococcus faecalis 18-24 9295837-1 1997 OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationship between circulating methemoglobin and nitrite/nitrate concentrations and to compare these markers of nitric oxide overproduction with clinical variables in children diagnosed with septic shock. Nitrates 86-93 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 60-73 9314409-8 1997 Human eNOS gene delivery induces significant increases in urinary and aortic cGMP levels and urinary and serum nitrite/nitrate content (P<.05), while no significant differences in body weight, heart rate, water intake, food consumption, or urine excretion were observed. Nitrates 119-126 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 6-10 9316879-3 1997 We found that chronic proteasome inhibition using MG-341 significantly attenuated the peptidoglycan/polysaccharide (PG/PS)-induced up-regulation of iNOS in the colon and spleen and the consequent increase in plasma levels of nitrate and nitrite. Nitrates 225-232 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 148-152 9146896-16 1997 Similarly, segments of rat aorta released detectable levels of nitrite and nitrate, which were reduced by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 1 mM), which inhibits all isoforms of NOS, and by dexamethasone (1 microM), which inhibits the induction of iNOS. Nitrates 75-82 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 256-260 9452775-8 1997 In the case of contraindication or impossibility of using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, a combination of high doses of nitrates and hydralazine may be justified. Nitrates 131-139 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 58-87 9452775-9 1997 On the other hand, when angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are already prescribed, nitrates can only be considered to improve symptoms in the case of persistence of dyspnoea. Nitrates 89-97 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 24-53 9227507-6 1997 In the current study, we demonstrate that L2 cells generate the oxidative products of NO., nitrite and nitrate, after exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha, lipopolysaccharide, and interferon-gamma. Nitrates 103-110 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 130-157 9227507-6 1997 In the current study, we demonstrate that L2 cells generate the oxidative products of NO., nitrite and nitrate, after exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha, lipopolysaccharide, and interferon-gamma. Nitrates 103-110 interferon gamma Rattus norvegicus 183-199 9193097-0 1997 A nitrate-inducible ferredoxin in maize roots. Nitrates 2-9 ferredoxin Zea mays 20-30 9193097-2 1997 We have identified and characterized a nitrate-inducible ferredoxin (Fd) in maize (Zea mays L.) roots by structural analysis of the purified protein and by cloning of its cDNA and gene. Nitrates 39-46 ferredoxin Zea mays 57-67 9193097-2 1997 We have identified and characterized a nitrate-inducible ferredoxin (Fd) in maize (Zea mays L.) roots by structural analysis of the purified protein and by cloning of its cDNA and gene. Nitrates 39-46 ferredoxin Zea mays 69-71 9193097-3 1997 In maize Fd isoproteins are encoded by a small multigene family, and the nitrate-inducible Fd was identified as a novel isoprotein, designated Fd VI, which differed from an Fd I to Fd V identified to date. Nitrates 73-80 ferredoxin Zea mays 9-11 9193097-3 1997 In maize Fd isoproteins are encoded by a small multigene family, and the nitrate-inducible Fd was identified as a novel isoprotein, designated Fd VI, which differed from an Fd I to Fd V identified to date. Nitrates 73-80 ferredoxin Zea mays 91-93 9193097-3 1997 In maize Fd isoproteins are encoded by a small multigene family, and the nitrate-inducible Fd was identified as a novel isoprotein, designated Fd VI, which differed from an Fd I to Fd V identified to date. Nitrates 73-80 ferredoxin-6, chloroplastic Zea mays 143-148 9193097-3 1997 In maize Fd isoproteins are encoded by a small multigene family, and the nitrate-inducible Fd was identified as a novel isoprotein, designated Fd VI, which differed from an Fd I to Fd V identified to date. Nitrates 73-80 ferredoxin Zea mays 91-93 9193097-3 1997 In maize Fd isoproteins are encoded by a small multigene family, and the nitrate-inducible Fd was identified as a novel isoprotein, designated Fd VI, which differed from an Fd I to Fd V identified to date. Nitrates 73-80 ferredoxin Zea mays 91-93 9193097-5 1997 However, during the induction of the capacity for nitrate assimilation, the amount of Fd VI increased markedly within 24 h. Concurrently, the level of transcript for Fd VI increased, but more quickly, reaching a maximal level within 2 h with kinetics similar to those of nitrite reductase and Fd-NADP+ reductase. Nitrates 50-57 ferredoxin-6, chloroplastic Zea mays 86-91 9193097-5 1997 However, during the induction of the capacity for nitrate assimilation, the amount of Fd VI increased markedly within 24 h. Concurrently, the level of transcript for Fd VI increased, but more quickly, reaching a maximal level within 2 h with kinetics similar to those of nitrite reductase and Fd-NADP+ reductase. Nitrates 50-57 ferredoxin-6, chloroplastic Zea mays 166-171 9193097-5 1997 However, during the induction of the capacity for nitrate assimilation, the amount of Fd VI increased markedly within 24 h. Concurrently, the level of transcript for Fd VI increased, but more quickly, reaching a maximal level within 2 h with kinetics similar to those of nitrite reductase and Fd-NADP+ reductase. Nitrates 50-57 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic Zea mays 271-288 9193097-8 1997 These data indicate that Fd VI is co-induced with the previously characterized enzymes involved in nitrate assimilation, and they suggest that the novel Fd isoprotein, distinct from the constitutively expressed Fd, might play an important role as an electron carrier from NADPH to nitrite reductase and other Fd-dependent enzymes in root plastids. Nitrates 99-106 ferredoxin-6, chloroplastic Zea mays 25-30 9193097-8 1997 These data indicate that Fd VI is co-induced with the previously characterized enzymes involved in nitrate assimilation, and they suggest that the novel Fd isoprotein, distinct from the constitutively expressed Fd, might play an important role as an electron carrier from NADPH to nitrite reductase and other Fd-dependent enzymes in root plastids. Nitrates 99-106 ferredoxin Zea mays 25-27 9193097-8 1997 These data indicate that Fd VI is co-induced with the previously characterized enzymes involved in nitrate assimilation, and they suggest that the novel Fd isoprotein, distinct from the constitutively expressed Fd, might play an important role as an electron carrier from NADPH to nitrite reductase and other Fd-dependent enzymes in root plastids. Nitrates 99-106 ferredoxin Zea mays 153-155 9193097-8 1997 These data indicate that Fd VI is co-induced with the previously characterized enzymes involved in nitrate assimilation, and they suggest that the novel Fd isoprotein, distinct from the constitutively expressed Fd, might play an important role as an electron carrier from NADPH to nitrite reductase and other Fd-dependent enzymes in root plastids. Nitrates 99-106 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic Zea mays 281-298 9193097-8 1997 These data indicate that Fd VI is co-induced with the previously characterized enzymes involved in nitrate assimilation, and they suggest that the novel Fd isoprotein, distinct from the constitutively expressed Fd, might play an important role as an electron carrier from NADPH to nitrite reductase and other Fd-dependent enzymes in root plastids. Nitrates 99-106 ferredoxin Zea mays 153-155 9242548-5 1997 The NO release from iNOS-transfected cells, as measured by nitrite and nitrate accumulation and by cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) increases in rat reporter cells, was inhibitable (P < .01 for both) with N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine (L-NMA), a NOS inhibitor. Nitrates 71-78 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 20-24 9242464-5 1997 Inhibition of iNOS in vivo was confirmed by decreases in plasma nitrite + nitrate concentrations in treated animals compared with that of controls (63-83% decreases for all experiments) and was supported by plasma and tumor concentrations of 1400W that were equivalent and 2.6-4.9 times higher than the EC50 previously reported for iNOS in a tissue assay. Nitrates 74-81 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 14-18 9252519-4 1997 Dose-dependent inhibition of interleukin-1 beta- and interferon-gamma-stimulated nitrite/nitrate production was observed when cells were preincubated for 6 h with UDCA (0-800 microM), and a substantial inhibition (81 +/- 3.2%) was seen at 500 microM. Nitrates 89-96 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 29-69 9201027-6 1997 Production of NO metabolites (nitrate and nitrite), measured as their coronary arteriovenous differencexCBF, was significantly increased after 1 to 2 days of CAR, both at baseline (153 +/- 56%) and during BK infusion (220 +/- 76%) (P < .05). Nitrates 30-37 kininogen 1 Canis lupus familiaris 205-207 12223754-4 1997 SS mRNA was greatly reduced in nodules of drought-, salt-, and nitrate-treated plants; however, this was not correlated with changes in soluble carbohydrate, starch, amino acids, or ureides. Nitrates 63-70 sucrose synthase Glycine max 0-2 12223730-3 1997 The induction of nitrate reductase (NR) activity was reduced at both external nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 17-24 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 36-38 9110418-5 1997 Similarly, LPS-induced production of nitrite/nitrate (breakdown products of nitric oxide) was not affected by verapamil and diltiazem. Nitrates 45-52 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 11-14 9136006-1 1997 In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the genes required for nitrate assimilation, including the gene encoding nitrate reductase (NIT1), are subject to repression by ammonia. Nitrates 53-60 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 103-120 9136006-1 1997 In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the genes required for nitrate assimilation, including the gene encoding nitrate reductase (NIT1), are subject to repression by ammonia. Nitrates 53-60 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 122-126 12237366-6 1997 After adding 12 mM nitrate to nitrate-limited Nia30(145), the transcripts for NR and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase increased, and the transcripts for ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase decreased within 2 and 4 hr, respectively. Nitrates 19-26 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Nicotiana tabacum 85-116 12237366-6 1997 After adding 12 mM nitrate to nitrate-limited Nia30(145), the transcripts for NR and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase increased, and the transcripts for ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase decreased within 2 and 4 hr, respectively. Nitrates 30-37 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Nicotiana tabacum 85-116 9168158-5 1997 A protein-mediated passive transport of nitrate was first demonstrated by the ability of NO3- to electrically short-circuit the (H+)ATPase in plasma membrane vesicles and not in liposomes containing only the purified enzyme. Nitrates 40-47 ATPase Zea mays 129-138 9175238-7 1997 An inverse correlation of nitrate/nitrite excretion with endothelial markers (von Willebrand factor, soluble thrombomodulin) was documented in NIDDM, this correlation was much stronger in IDDM. Nitrates 26-33 thrombomodulin Homo sapiens 109-123 9175238-8 1997 Moreover, in IDDM patients reduced nitrate/nitrite excretion was strongly associated with elevated plasmatic beta-thromboglobulin levels. Nitrates 35-42 pro-platelet basic protein Homo sapiens 109-129 9175238-10 1997 In IDDM the decreased nitrate/nitrite excretion may also lead to increased in vivo platelet activation, which suggests that the reduced amount of EDRF-NO might play a role in the pathogenesis of angiopathy in IDDM. Nitrates 22-29 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 146-150 9281893-1 1997 A simple and sensitive HPLC validated method was developed for the simultaneous determination of ITF 296 (a new orally active nitrate) and its metabolites ITF 1124 and ITF 1577 in biological samples. Nitrates 126-133 trefoil factor 3 Homo sapiens 97-100 9211013-2 1997 Additional efficacy stems from the ability of the nitrates to replenish the deficient endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), nitric oxide (NO), in patients with coronary heart disease and also to inhibit platelet aggregation. Nitrates 50-58 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 86-121 9211013-2 1997 Additional efficacy stems from the ability of the nitrates to replenish the deficient endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), nitric oxide (NO), in patients with coronary heart disease and also to inhibit platelet aggregation. Nitrates 50-58 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 123-127 9211013-12 1997 However, in the GISSI 3 study, the combination of nitrates with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor reduced mortality risks by 17% in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Nitrates 50-58 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 98-101 9133470-4 1997 iNOS expression in allografts resulted in elevated serum nitrite/nitrate levels, indicative of increased in vivo nitric oxide (NO) production. Nitrates 65-72 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 9133470-8 1997 CONCLUSIONS: (1) iNOS expression and increased NO production occurred during the early stages of acute rejection, persisted throughout the unmodified rejection process, and localized to infiltrating inflammatory cells, but not allograft parenchymal cells; (2) aminoguanidine ameliorated the histological and functional changes of acute rejection; and (3) increased NO production, detected by the presence of iNOS mRNA, protein, or noninvasively by measuring serum nitrite/nitrate levels, may serve as an early marker of acute allograft rejection. Nitrates 472-479 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 17-21 9114772-0 1997 The alpha-1 adrenergic blocking agent urapidil counteracts postrotational atherectomy "elastic recoil" where nitrates have failed. Nitrates 109-117 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 4-11 9065390-4 1997 The transformants carrying nit1/ars did not express arylsulphatase when grown in ammonium-sufficient medium but readily accumulated the enzyme in ammonium-free medium either supplemented, or not supplemented, with nitrate or nitrite. Nitrates 214-221 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 27-31 9161026-1 1997 Higher plant nitrite reductase (NiR) is a monomeric chloroplastic protein catalysing the reduction of nitrite, the product of nitrate reduction, to ammonium. Nitrates 126-133 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-30 9161026-1 1997 Higher plant nitrite reductase (NiR) is a monomeric chloroplastic protein catalysing the reduction of nitrite, the product of nitrate reduction, to ammonium. Nitrates 126-133 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 32-35 9161026-5 1997 When these plants were grown in vitro on media containing either nitrate or ammonium as sole nitrogen source, NiR mRNA derived from transgene expression was constitutively expressed, whereas NiR activity and protein level were strongly reduced on ammonium-containing medium. Nitrates 65-72 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 110-113 9161026-5 1997 When these plants were grown in vitro on media containing either nitrate or ammonium as sole nitrogen source, NiR mRNA derived from transgene expression was constitutively expressed, whereas NiR activity and protein level were strongly reduced on ammonium-containing medium. Nitrates 65-72 nitrite reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 191-194 9093135-4 1997 NO is an unstable compound with a short half-life;it is easily converted to nitrite (NO2) and nitrate (NO3). Nitrates 94-101 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 103-106 9023196-0 1997 Cloning and sequence of cymA, a gene encoding a tetraheme cytochrome c required for reduction of iron(III), fumarate, and nitrate by Shewanella putrefaciens MR-1. Nitrates 122-129 cytochrome c Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 24-28 9087877-7 1997 CONCLUSIONS: These results, together with our previous demonstration that iNOS inhibition ameliorated lung allograft rejection, suggest that (1) iNOS expression and increased NO production contributed to acute rejection of the transplanted lung, (2) iNOS inhibition may offer an alternative in management of acute lung allograft rejection, and (3) increased NO production, detected by the presence of iNOS mRNA or protein or noninvasively by measuring serum nitrite/nitrate levels, may serve as an early marker of acute allograft rejection. Nitrates 466-473 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 74-78 9085575-2 1997 We demonstrated previously that 238 and 330 bp of the 5" flanking regions, designated as NP1 and NP2, of the two nitrate reductase genes NR1 and NR2, respectively, are sufficient for nitrate-dependent transcription (Y. Lin, C.-F. Hwang, J.B. Brown, C.-L. Cheng [1994] Plant Physiol 106: 477-484). Nitrates 113-120 NPK1-related protein kinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 89-92 9085575-2 1997 We demonstrated previously that 238 and 330 bp of the 5" flanking regions, designated as NP1 and NP2, of the two nitrate reductase genes NR1 and NR2, respectively, are sufficient for nitrate-dependent transcription (Y. Lin, C.-F. Hwang, J.B. Brown, C.-L. Cheng [1994] Plant Physiol 106: 477-484). Nitrates 113-120 NPK1-related protein kinase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 97-100 9085575-2 1997 We demonstrated previously that 238 and 330 bp of the 5" flanking regions, designated as NP1 and NP2, of the two nitrate reductase genes NR1 and NR2, respectively, are sufficient for nitrate-dependent transcription (Y. Lin, C.-F. Hwang, J.B. Brown, C.-L. Cheng [1994] Plant Physiol 106: 477-484). Nitrates 113-120 nitrate reductase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 137-140 9085575-2 1997 We demonstrated previously that 238 and 330 bp of the 5" flanking regions, designated as NP1 and NP2, of the two nitrate reductase genes NR1 and NR2, respectively, are sufficient for nitrate-dependent transcription (Y. Lin, C.-F. Hwang, J.B. Brown, C.-L. Cheng [1994] Plant Physiol 106: 477-484). Nitrates 113-120 nitrate reductase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 145-148 9085575-3 1997 Here we identify the cis-acting elements of NP1 and NP2 that are necessary for nitrate-dependent transcription by linker-scanning (LS) analysis. Nitrates 79-86 NPK1-related protein kinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 44-47 9085575-3 1997 Here we identify the cis-acting elements of NP1 and NP2 that are necessary for nitrate-dependent transcription by linker-scanning (LS) analysis. Nitrates 79-86 NPK1-related protein kinase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 52-55 9085575-4 1997 In transgenic plants one LS mutant of NP1 and two LS mutants of NP2 exhibited significantly lower nitrate-induced reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity. Nitrates 98-105 NPK1-related protein kinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 38-41 9085575-4 1997 In transgenic plants one LS mutant of NP1 and two LS mutants of NP2 exhibited significantly lower nitrate-induced reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity. Nitrates 98-105 NPK1-related protein kinase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 64-67 9085575-6 1997 The single LS mutant in NP1 lost its response to nitrate, whereas the two LS mutants in NP2 partially lost their response to nitrate. Nitrates 49-56 NPK1-related protein kinase 1 Arabidopsis thaliana 24-27 9085575-6 1997 The single LS mutant in NP1 lost its response to nitrate, whereas the two LS mutants in NP2 partially lost their response to nitrate. Nitrates 125-132 NPK1-related protein kinase 2 Arabidopsis thaliana 88-91 9023196-2 1997 This gene complemented a mutant which had a TnphoA insertion in cymA and which was deficient in the respiratory reduction of iron(III), nitrate, fumarate, and manganese(IV). Nitrates 136-143 cytochrome c Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 64-68 8994427-11 1997 CONCLUSIONS: The three main classes of antianginal medication have different and possible clinically relevant effects on platelet behavior in vivo, nitrates causing inhibition of aggregation (fibrinogen binding) and degranulation (P-selectin expression), calcium antagonists enhancing degranulation, and beta-blockers enhancing aggregation. Nitrates 148-156 fibrinogen beta chain Homo sapiens 192-202 9071565-4 1997 Serum nitrate levels correlated significantly with both pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha) as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TNFsrI, TNFsrII). Nitrates 6-13 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 84-88 9071565-4 1997 Serum nitrate levels correlated significantly with both pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha) as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TNFsrI, TNFsrII). Nitrates 6-13 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 90-94 9071565-4 1997 Serum nitrate levels correlated significantly with both pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha) as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TNFsrI, TNFsrII). Nitrates 6-13 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 96-105 9071565-4 1997 Serum nitrate levels correlated significantly with both pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha) as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TNFsrI, TNFsrII). Nitrates 6-13 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 147-152 8995407-5 1997 The spectra obtained for the adducts formed with halides, pseudohalides, trichloroacetate, nitrate, imidazole, and 1-methylimidazole appear to be representative of near tetrahedral Co(II) geometries. Nitrates 91-98 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 181-187 9001323-6 1997 Antibodies to TNF and/or IL-1 significantly reduced the nitrite or nitrite + nitrate concentrations and the concentrations of TNF and IL-1 in the M-CM correlated with nitrite concentrations in the LA-4 culture supernatant fluids (r2 = 0.848 and 0.956). Nitrates 77-84 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 14-17 9001323-6 1997 Antibodies to TNF and/or IL-1 significantly reduced the nitrite or nitrite + nitrate concentrations and the concentrations of TNF and IL-1 in the M-CM correlated with nitrite concentrations in the LA-4 culture supernatant fluids (r2 = 0.848 and 0.956). Nitrates 77-84 interleukin 1 complex Mus musculus 25-29 9020872-0 1997 The YNT1 gene encoding the nitrate transporter in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha is clustered with genes YNI1 and YNR1 encoding nitrite reductase and nitrate reductase, and its disruption causes inability to grow in nitrate. Nitrates 27-34 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 4-8 9020872-2 1997 Disruption of the chromosomal YNT1 copy resulted in incapacity to grow in nitrate and a significant reduction in rate of nitrate uptake. Nitrates 74-81 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 30-34 9020872-2 1997 Disruption of the chromosomal YNT1 copy resulted in incapacity to grow in nitrate and a significant reduction in rate of nitrate uptake. Nitrates 121-128 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 30-34 9020872-4 1997 Northern-blot analysis showed that YNT1 is expressed when the yeast is grown in nitrate and nitrite but not in ammonium solution. Nitrates 80-87 proteasome regulatory particle base subunit RPT3 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 35-39 8994427-11 1997 CONCLUSIONS: The three main classes of antianginal medication have different and possible clinically relevant effects on platelet behavior in vivo, nitrates causing inhibition of aggregation (fibrinogen binding) and degranulation (P-selectin expression), calcium antagonists enhancing degranulation, and beta-blockers enhancing aggregation. Nitrates 148-156 selectin P Homo sapiens 231-241 8985206-8 1997 Nitrite accumulation in experiments with IFN-gamma/IL-4 in human monocytes appears to be an in vitro artifact produced by nitrate-reducing activities contained in cytokine preparations. Nitrates 122-129 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 41-50 9503598-4 1997 The ranges of SCP under the influence of temperature, light, nitrate, ammonia, phosphorus, iron, carbonate, and sodium chloride were in the following respective order (% dry wt): 18.4-43.3, 20.5-42.3, 12.4-35.8, 15.7-41.8, 15.8-49.4, 17.4-49.7, 13.8-35.6, and 0.0-37.7. Nitrates 61-68 solute carrier family 50 member 1 Homo sapiens 14-17 8985206-8 1997 Nitrite accumulation in experiments with IFN-gamma/IL-4 in human monocytes appears to be an in vitro artifact produced by nitrate-reducing activities contained in cytokine preparations. Nitrates 122-129 interleukin 4 Homo sapiens 51-55 9010412-0 1997 A rostrocaudal gradient of nitrate plus nitrite concentrations in CSF. Nitrates 27-34 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 66-69 8981915-13 1996 Treatment with recombinant human growth hormone normalizes urinary nitrate and cyclic GMP excretion, possibly via IGF-1 stimulation of endothelial NO formation, and concomitantly decreases peripheral arterial resistance. Nitrates 67-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 33-47 9411502-4 1997 The mean +/- levels of nitrite and nitrate in CSF on admission were higher in patients with BM in comparison with controls and in children with viral meningitis. Nitrates 35-42 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 46-49 9035296-8 1997 The plasma level of nitrate/nitrite increased from 20 to 260 and 1000 microM 4 and 16 h, respectively, 20 mg/kg NMLA abolished NO production at 4 h, while MP inhibited it for up to 16 h. The hepatic malondialdehyde level increased from 0.50 to 2.46 nmol/mg protein at 4 h. Administration of anti-CD18 and MP reduced the level to 1.80 and 1.41 nmol/mg protein, respectively, whereas NMLA did not affect it. Nitrates 20-27 integrin beta 2 Mus musculus 296-300 8953249-4 1996 Transcripts for ZmSUMT1 accumulated rapidly in both rots and leaves in response to the addition of nitrate to the culture medium. Nitrates 99-106 siroheme uroporphyrinogen methyltransferase 1 Zea mays 16-23 8943494-1 1996 Nitric oxide (NO) is readily oxidized to nitrate and nitrite and NO activates guanylyl cyclase, increasing cyclic GMP levels. Nitrates 41-48 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 114-117 8937711-18 1996 in conscious unrestrained rats, 2-amino-4-methylpyridine inhibited the rise in plasma nitrate produced in response to intraperitoneal injection of LPS (ID50 = 0.009 mg kg-1 min-1). Nitrates 86-93 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 147-150 8937711-23 1996 2-Amino-4-methylpyridine also inhibited LPS-induced elevation in plasma nitrate after either subcutaneous (ID50 = 0.3 mg kg-1) or oral (ID50 = 20.8 mg kg-1) administration. Nitrates 72-79 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 40-43 8938409-5 1996 CYCD3 (delta 3) transcript levels were strongly dependent on nitrate, and were induced at the G1/S transition following phytohormone readdition. Nitrates 61-68 CYCLIN D3;1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-5 8989878-0 1996 CHL1 encodes a component of the low-affinity nitrate uptake system in Arabidopsis and shows cell type-specific expression in roots. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 0-4 8989878-1 1996 The Arabidopsis CHL1 (AtNRT1) gene confers sensitivity to the herbicide chlorate and encodes a nitrate-regulated nitrate transporter. Nitrates 95-102 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 16-20 8989878-1 1996 The Arabidopsis CHL1 (AtNRT1) gene confers sensitivity to the herbicide chlorate and encodes a nitrate-regulated nitrate transporter. Nitrates 95-102 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 22-28 8989878-2 1996 However, how CHL1 participates in nitrate uptake in plants is not yet clear. Nitrates 34-41 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 13-17 8989878-4 1996 Under most conditions tested, the amount of nitrate uptake by a chl1 deletion mutant was found to be significantly less than that of the wild type. Nitrates 44-51 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 64-68 8989878-7 1996 These results are consistent with the involvement of CHL1 in nitrate uptake at different stages of root cell development. Nitrates 61-68 nitrate transporter 1.1 Arabidopsis thaliana 53-57 8989878-8 1996 A functional analysis in Xenopus oocytes indicated that CHL1 is a low-affinity nitrate transporter with a K(m) value of approximately 8.5 mM for nitrate. Nitrates 79-86 DEAD/H-box helicase 11 L homeolog Xenopus laevis 56-60 8953249-5 1996 The effects of biochemical inhibitors on the nitrate-dependent induction of the gene for ZmSUMT1 coincided with the effects on the genes for other nitrate-assimilatory enzymes, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase. Nitrates 45-52 siroheme uroporphyrinogen methyltransferase 1 Zea mays 89-96 8953249-5 1996 The effects of biochemical inhibitors on the nitrate-dependent induction of the gene for ZmSUMT1 coincided with the effects on the genes for other nitrate-assimilatory enzymes, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 177-194 8953249-5 1996 The effects of biochemical inhibitors on the nitrate-dependent induction of the gene for ZmSUMT1 coincided with the effects on the genes for other nitrate-assimilatory enzymes, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase. Nitrates 45-52 ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic Zea mays 199-216 8953249-5 1996 The effects of biochemical inhibitors on the nitrate-dependent induction of the gene for ZmSUMT1 coincided with the effects on the genes for other nitrate-assimilatory enzymes, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase. Nitrates 147-154 siroheme uroporphyrinogen methyltransferase 1 Zea mays 89-96 8953249-7 1996 The results together indicate that ZmSUMT1 might be involved in the synthesis of siroheme, a prosthetic group of nitrite reductase, and that the expression of its gene is co-regulated with that of other nitrate-assimilatory genes. Nitrates 203-210 siroheme uroporphyrinogen methyltransferase 1 Zea mays 35-42 8883421-0 1996 Plasma nitrate plus nitrite changes during continuous intravenous infusion interleukin 2. Nitrates 7-14 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 75-88 8883421-12 1996 We conclude that determination of plasma nitrate + nitrite levels during CIVI IL-2 can usefully estimate, in a dose-dependent pattern, the degree of peripheral vascular relaxation and capillary leakage associated with cytokine action, clinically manifested as hypotension. Nitrates 41-48 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 78-82 8906612-4 1996 In addition, the mutant SOD protein may function as a peroxidase to oxidize cellular components, and it may also react with peroxynitrite-a product of the reaction between superoxide and nitric oxide-to ultimately form nitrate proteins. Nitrates 219-226 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 24-27 8806782-11 1996 However, ONOO., formed by the reaction of .NO and O2.-, nitrates SP-A leading to decreased ability to aggregate lipids and bind mannose. Nitrates 56-64 surfactant protein A1 Homo sapiens 65-69 8912158-11 1996 After RY, nitrite/nitrate concentration increased to 22.7 +/- 30.1, 32.4 +/- 21.4 and 44.6 +/- 32.7 mol/l in RY1, RY2 and RY3, respectively; in RY45, serum nitrite/nitrate concentration was normal averaging 6.1 +/- 1.2 mol/l. Nitrates 18-25 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein U4/U6.U5 subunit 27 Rattus norvegicus 109-112 8884978-9 1996 On study admission and at 2-h intervals, plasma CGRP concentrations correlated directly with nitrite and nitrate values. Nitrates 105-112 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 48-52 8864137-20 1996 Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha and nitrite/nitrate in IFN-gamma-treated mice were similar to those of controls. Nitrates 67-74 interferon gamma Mus musculus 78-87 8902940-5 1996 Selective inhibition of iNOS with mercaptoethylguanidine (MEG) reduced plasma nitrite/nitrate levels, but did not prevent the development of vascular hyporeactivity, and did not improve survival in this model of CLP. Nitrates 86-93 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 24-28 8950496-14 1996 Patients taking nitrates had lower activation; after eliminating these patients, GPIIb/IIIa ligand binding was greater among patients with restenosis at both 1 and 2 min (P = 0.04 for both). Nitrates 16-24 integrin subunit alpha 2b Homo sapiens 81-86 8923042-3 1996 Maximal plasma concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite were correlated to the degree of hypotension (r = -0.64, p = 0.02) and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (r = 0.51, p = 0.05) and soluble TNF receptors p55 and p75 (r = 0.58, p = 0.03 and r = 0.54, p = 0.04, respectively) but not to levels of interferon-gamma or interleukin-10 (p > 0.05). Nitrates 33-40 TNF receptor superfamily member 1A Homo sapiens 216-219 9064335-6 1996 Blood mononuclear cells from RA patients had increased NOS activity and increased NOS2 antigen content as compared to those from normal subjects, and responded to interferon-gamma with increased NOS expression and nitrite/nitrate production in vitro. Nitrates 222-229 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 163-179 8921069-2 1996 Our aim was to study follicular nitrite and nitrate (NO3/NO2) levels in women undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF), and to examine their relationship to follicular size, oestradiol concentrations, and ovarian artery and intra-ovarian blood flow as measured by Doppler ultrasound. Nitrates 44-51 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 53-56 8923042-3 1996 Maximal plasma concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite were correlated to the degree of hypotension (r = -0.64, p = 0.02) and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (r = 0.51, p = 0.05) and soluble TNF receptors p55 and p75 (r = 0.58, p = 0.03 and r = 0.54, p = 0.04, respectively) but not to levels of interferon-gamma or interleukin-10 (p > 0.05). Nitrates 33-40 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 224-227 8923042-3 1996 Maximal plasma concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite were correlated to the degree of hypotension (r = -0.64, p = 0.02) and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (r = 0.51, p = 0.05) and soluble TNF receptors p55 and p75 (r = 0.58, p = 0.03 and r = 0.54, p = 0.04, respectively) but not to levels of interferon-gamma or interleukin-10 (p > 0.05). Nitrates 33-40 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 135-168 8923042-3 1996 Maximal plasma concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite were correlated to the degree of hypotension (r = -0.64, p = 0.02) and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (r = 0.51, p = 0.05) and soluble TNF receptors p55 and p75 (r = 0.58, p = 0.03 and r = 0.54, p = 0.04, respectively) but not to levels of interferon-gamma or interleukin-10 (p > 0.05). Nitrates 33-40 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 307-323 8923042-3 1996 Maximal plasma concentrations of nitrate plus nitrite were correlated to the degree of hypotension (r = -0.64, p = 0.02) and levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (r = 0.51, p = 0.05) and soluble TNF receptors p55 and p75 (r = 0.58, p = 0.03 and r = 0.54, p = 0.04, respectively) but not to levels of interferon-gamma or interleukin-10 (p > 0.05). Nitrates 33-40 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 327-341 8799195-1 1996 Two mutations have been found in a gene (NRT2) of Arabidopsis thaliana that specifically impair constitutive, high-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 124-131 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 41-45 8799195-7 1996 These results indicate that NRT2 is a critical and perhaps necessary gene for constitutive, high-affinity nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis, but not for inducible, high-affinity nor constitutive, low-affinity nitrate uptake. Nitrates 106-113 nitrate transporter 2:1 Arabidopsis thaliana 28-32 9132576-1 1996 Health effects associated with ingestion of nitrate-contaminated water have included methemoglobinemia (i.e., blue baby syndrome) in infants and spontaneous abortions in laboratory animals and livestock; however, only one study in humans has reported an association between increased methemoglobin levels and spontaneous abortion. Nitrates 44-51 hemoglobin subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 85-98 8760140-2 1996 Stimulation of rat pleural mesothelial cells with combinations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and LPS induced the synthesis of nitric oxide as measured by the oxidation products nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-). Nitrates 272-279 interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus 66-84 8760140-2 1996 Stimulation of rat pleural mesothelial cells with combinations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and LPS induced the synthesis of nitric oxide as measured by the oxidation products nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-). Nitrates 272-279 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 98-125 8760140-2 1996 Stimulation of rat pleural mesothelial cells with combinations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and LPS induced the synthesis of nitric oxide as measured by the oxidation products nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-). Nitrates 272-279 interferon gamma Rattus norvegicus 139-155 8760140-2 1996 Stimulation of rat pleural mesothelial cells with combinations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and LPS induced the synthesis of nitric oxide as measured by the oxidation products nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-). Nitrates 272-279 interferon gamma Rattus norvegicus 157-166 8694791-7 1996 In the presence of nitrate the delta ynil::URA3 mutant extrudes approx. Nitrates 19-26 orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 43-47 8702535-5 1996 Planar nitrate, NO3-, is isosteric with the PO3 moiety of a phosphotransfer transition state. Nitrates 7-14 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 16-19 8651088-1 1996 Nitrate tolerance has been reported to be reversed by certain types of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Nitrates 0-7 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 71-100 8842573-9 1996 The subsequent drop in plasma nitrate, with a t1/2 of 451 +/- 42 min, was probably a reflection of the redistribution of nitrate within the body fluids and the renal excretion of nitrate. Nitrates 30-37 interleukin 1 receptor like 1 Homo sapiens 46-68 8842573-9 1996 The subsequent drop in plasma nitrate, with a t1/2 of 451 +/- 42 min, was probably a reflection of the redistribution of nitrate within the body fluids and the renal excretion of nitrate. Nitrates 121-128 interleukin 1 receptor like 1 Homo sapiens 46-68 8842573-9 1996 The subsequent drop in plasma nitrate, with a t1/2 of 451 +/- 42 min, was probably a reflection of the redistribution of nitrate within the body fluids and the renal excretion of nitrate. Nitrates 121-128 interleukin 1 receptor like 1 Homo sapiens 46-68 8844437-2 1996 It appears to relax vascular smooth muscle through membrane hyperpolarization via increased transmembrane potassium conductance and, like nitrates, through an increase in intracellular cyclic GMP. Nitrates 138-146 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 192-195 16535328-9 1996 The positive reaction to nitrate overruled a negative response to oxygen, indicating that nitrate is the principal electron acceptor used by Thioploca spp. Nitrates 25-32 histocompatibility minor 13 Homo sapiens 151-154 16535328-9 1996 The positive reaction to nitrate overruled a negative response to oxygen, indicating that nitrate is the principal electron acceptor used by Thioploca spp. Nitrates 90-97 histocompatibility minor 13 Homo sapiens 151-154 8674325-8 1996 Children with increased plasma IL-6 concentrations (n = 6) had increased plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations (p < 0.01 on each day), increased organ failure scores (p < .05 on days 1 and 3), and the highest plasma IL-10 concentrations (p < .05 on days 1 and 3, p = .054 on day 2) when compared with children with sepsis and undetectable IL-6 concentrations. Nitrates 88-95 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 31-35 8674325-9 1996 Children with sepsis and detectable IL-6 concentrations, and children with undetectable IL-6 concentrations, both had increased nitrite/nitrate concentrations (p < .005 on days 1 through 3) and increased IL-10 concentrations (p < .05 on days 1 and 2) compared with controls. Nitrates 136-143 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 88-92 8689594-6 1996 Greenfeed often contains high levels of nitrate (NO3-), which is known to impair thyroid gland function. Nitrates 40-47 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 49-52 8640982-0 1996 Long-term angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with high-dose enalapril retards nitrate tolerance in large epicardial arteries and prevents rebound coronary vasoconstriction in vivo. Nitrates 84-91 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 10-39 8640982-13 1996 The present study also favors a combination of nitroglycerin and ACE inhibitors to maintain nitrate sensitivity of the vasculature during long-term nitroglycerin treatment. Nitrates 92-99 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 65-68 8651088-1 1996 Nitrate tolerance has been reported to be reversed by certain types of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Nitrates 0-7 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 102-105 8651088-8 1996 In conclusion, a single oral administration of the ACE inhibitor alacepril (50mg) elicited beneficial effects against exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with stable effort angina during chronic nitrate treatment. Nitrates 208-215 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 51-54 8854644-14 1996 Subcutaneous IL-2 treatment strongly induced nitric oxide synthesis (up to 3.5 mumoles of urinary nitrate/ mouse/day). Nitrates 98-105 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 13-17 8761850-7 1996 In both nitrate-tolerant and nontolerant coronary arteries, glibenclamide (GLI 10(-6) M), a selective KATP channel blocker, caused a parallel rightward shift in the concentration-response curve to cromakalim, but had no effect on responses to NTG or SNP. Nitrates 8-15 GLI family zinc finger 1 Homo sapiens 75-78 8761850-8 1996 In nontolerant coronary arteries, GLI had no effect on NIC-induced relaxation, but in nitrate-tolerant preparations, GLI produced a significant rightward shift in the NIC concentration-response curve. Nitrates 86-93 GLI family zinc finger 1 Homo sapiens 117-120 8638526-7 1996 Recent information suggests that nitrate tolerance is caused by increased levels of superoxide at the vascular wall, which leads to reduced nitric oxide level and to increased sensitivity to vasoconstrictive mechanisms, such as endothelin and angiotensin II. Nitrates 33-40 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 228-257 8804922-3 1996 Following injection of endotoxin (bacterial lipopolysaccharide) in rats we detected increased inducible NO synthase mRNA levels in the left ventricular wall within 30 min which then peaked at 3 h. This was followed by an increase in myocardial inducible NO synthase enzyme activity and plasma levels of NO metabolites, nitrate and nitrite, which peaked at 6 and 12 h, respectively. Nitrates 319-326 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 94-115 16535314-5 1996 Nitrate inhibited As(V) reduction by its action as a preferred respiratory electron acceptor rather than as a structural analog of As(V). Nitrates 0-7 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 18-23 8928839-2 1996 The infusion of myoglobin (375 mg/kg) resulted in a decrease in renal blood flow, an increase in renal vascular resistance, and a decrease in creatine clearance associated with a decrease in urinary excretory rate of nitrite/nitrate and guanosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). Nitrates 225-232 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: myoglobin Oryctolagus cuniculus 16-25 16535314-5 1996 Nitrate inhibited As(V) reduction by its action as a preferred respiratory electron acceptor rather than as a structural analog of As(V). Nitrates 0-7 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 131-136 16535314-6 1996 Nitrate-respiring sediments could reduce As(V) to As(III) once all the nitrate was removed. Nitrates 0-7 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 41-46 16535314-6 1996 Nitrate-respiring sediments could reduce As(V) to As(III) once all the nitrate was removed. Nitrates 71-78 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 41-46 16535314-7 1996 Chloramphenicol blocked the reduction of As(V) to As(III) in nitrate-respiring sediments, suggesting that nitrate and arsenate were reduced by separate enzyme systems. Nitrates 61-68 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 41-46 16535314-7 1996 Chloramphenicol blocked the reduction of As(V) to As(III) in nitrate-respiring sediments, suggesting that nitrate and arsenate were reduced by separate enzyme systems. Nitrates 106-113 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 41-46 8620596-6 1996 iNOS mRNA was expressed in the allograft heart and native lung and was associated with increased serum nitrite/nitrate levels. Nitrates 111-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 8620596-7 1996 iNOS inhibition with aminoguanidine prevented or attenuated allograft heart and systemic vascular barrier dysfunction and reduced allograft serum nitrite/nitrate levels to isograft values. Nitrates 154-161 nitric oxide synthase 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 8661258-1 1996 Gd3+ is shown to be an effective shift reagent for 14N and 15N nitrate NMR signals, resolving the internal and external nitrate signals in plant tissues, including cell suspensions and root material. Nitrates 63-70 GRDX Homo sapiens 0-3 8743440-0 1996 Nitrate contamination of drinking water: relationship with HPRT variant frequency in lymphocyte DNA and urinary excretion of N-nitrosamines. Nitrates 0-7 hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 59-63 8743440-10 1996 In conclusion, consumption of drinking water, especially well water, with high nitrate levels can imply a genotoxic risk for humans as indicated by increased HPRT variant frequencies and by endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds from nitrate-derived nitrite. Nitrates 79-86 hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 158-162 8630708-9 1996 ANP was higher in subjects with jugular venous pressure > 10 cm, presence of a third heart sound, peripheral edema, artificial cardiac pacemaker, atrial arrhythmias, and in those taking digoxin, diuretics, or nitrates. Nitrates 212-220 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 0-3 8630708-10 1996 On multivariate analysis independent predictors of ANP levels were, in descending order, nitrates, age, diuretics, and atrial arrhythmias. Nitrates 89-97 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 51-54 8627326-0 1996 Ex vivo measurement of brain tissue nitrite and nitrate accurately reflects nitric oxide synthase activity in vivo. Nitrates 48-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 76-97 8627326-1 1996 The ex vivo tissue concentration of nitrite and nitrate (NOx) was found to correlate closely with the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS; EC 1.14.13.39) in various brain regions. Nitrates 48-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 114-135 8621213-3 1996 Therefore, we designed these studies to test the hypothesis that Ang II exerts time-dependent effects on renal NO generation as assessed from renal excretion of nitrate and nitrite, percent increases in renal vascular resistance during inhibition of NO synthase with intravenous NG -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), or decreases in renal vascular resistance during stimulation of endothelial NO synthase with intravenous acetylcholine. Nitrates 161-168 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 65-71 8621213-6 1996 The renal excretion of nitrate and nitrite was increased during short-term Ang II infusions (from 205 +/- 22 to 331 +/- 58 pmol.min-1, P < .05) but was unchanged during prolonged Ang II infusion (control group, 197 +/- 33 versus Ang II, 245 +/- 42 pmol.min-1, P=NS). Nitrates 23-30 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 75-81 8859948-1 1996 Whether the arterial elastic structures are involved in the beneficial effects of long-term treatment with organic nitrates on atherosclerosis-induced changes in hemodynamics and arterial wall viscoelastic properties, are case for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, is not known. Nitrates 115-123 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 231-260 8859948-1 1996 Whether the arterial elastic structures are involved in the beneficial effects of long-term treatment with organic nitrates on atherosclerosis-induced changes in hemodynamics and arterial wall viscoelastic properties, are case for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, is not known. Nitrates 115-123 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 262-265 8871401-2 1996 Here, we focus on two proteins that contain iron-sulfur clusters, the fumarate nitrate reduction (FNR) protein of Escherichia coli and mammalian iron-responsive-element-binding protein 1 (IRP1), both of which function as direct sensors of oxygen and iron levels. Nitrates 79-86 aconitase 1 Homo sapiens 145-186 8871401-2 1996 Here, we focus on two proteins that contain iron-sulfur clusters, the fumarate nitrate reduction (FNR) protein of Escherichia coli and mammalian iron-responsive-element-binding protein 1 (IRP1), both of which function as direct sensors of oxygen and iron levels. Nitrates 79-86 aconitase 1 Homo sapiens 188-192 8661258-1 1996 Gd3+ is shown to be an effective shift reagent for 14N and 15N nitrate NMR signals, resolving the internal and external nitrate signals in plant tissues, including cell suspensions and root material. Nitrates 120-127 GRDX Homo sapiens 0-3 8661258-2 1996 However, time-course experiments show that, while the use of Gd3+ allows nitrate levels to be monitored over extended periods, it also has adverse effects on growth and nitrate uptake. Nitrates 73-80 GRDX Homo sapiens 61-64 8661258-2 1996 However, time-course experiments show that, while the use of Gd3+ allows nitrate levels to be monitored over extended periods, it also has adverse effects on growth and nitrate uptake. Nitrates 169-176 GRDX Homo sapiens 61-64 8731510-2 1996 We observed that insulin at concentration in the range 0.25-2 nmol/L decreases platelet response to adenosine 5-diphosphate (ADP), being Effective Dose 50 (ED50) for ADP with 2 nmol/L insulin 164 +/- 15% of the basal value, p = 0.005; furthermore, insulin increases intraplatelet content of cGMP (from basal 7.3 +/-0.6 pmol/10(9) plts to 14.6 +/- 1.2 pmol/10(9) plts with 2 nmol/L insulin, p=0.0001) and does not affect the platelet cGMP increase induced by nitrates. Nitrates 458-466 insulin Homo sapiens 17-24 12226271-0 1996 Appearance of Novel Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Isoforms in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during Growth on Nitrate. Nitrates 109-116 uncharacterized protein Chlamydomonas reinhardtii 20-53 8731510-3 1996 On the contrary, at very elevated concentrations (25-200 nmol/L) insulin increases platelet aggregation to ADP (ADP ED50 with 200 nmol/L insulin being 81 +/- 4% of the basal value, p = 0.01), decreases intraplatelet content of cGMP (from basal 7.2 +/- 0.1 pmol/10(9) plts to 5.7 +/- 0.2 pmol/10(9) plts with 200 nmol/L insulin, p = 0.01) and attenuates the platelet cGMP increase induced by nitrates. Nitrates 391-399 insulin Homo sapiens 65-72 8924591-13 1996 The most important variables, associated with both mutagenicity and Ah receptor affinity, included 1-nitropyrene, particle bound nitrate, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, and emitted mass of particles. Nitrates 129-136 aryl hydrocarbon receptor Homo sapiens 68-79 8904084-2 1996 Interleukin-1beta stimulated the production of nitrite and nitrate, stable metabolites of NO, in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vascular smooth muscle cells. Nitrates 59-66 interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus 0-17 8628918-11 1996 Several cases of methemoglobinemia have been reported in infants in the United States using water containing nitrate at levels higher than the current maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 45 ppm (mg/liter) nitrate (NO3) or 10 ppm nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate-N), but none at or lower than the MCL. Nitrates 109-116 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 213-216 8628918-11 1996 Several cases of methemoglobinemia have been reported in infants in the United States using water containing nitrate at levels higher than the current maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 45 ppm (mg/liter) nitrate (NO3) or 10 ppm nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate-N), but none at or lower than the MCL. Nitrates 204-211 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 213-216 8741130-2 1996 Recently, it has been reported decreased CSF nitrate levels (oxidation product that provides an indirect estimation of nitric oxide) in Parkinson"s disease patients, assessed with a colorimetric method. Nitrates 45-52 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 41-44 8741130-5 1996 They were not influenced significantly by antiparkinsonian drugs in patients, although there was a trend for CSF nitrate levels to be higher in patients treated with levodopa or with dopamine agonists. Nitrates 113-120 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 109-112 8647309-9 1996 The nitrate levels were in the range 1-2.6 mg/kg NO3- for fresh milk and 1.1-18 mg/kg NO3- for dry milk. Nitrates 4-11 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 49-52 8878363-3 1996 The chemical analysis of fog during 32 episodes of local fog (pH, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, sodium, ammonia, potassium, magnesium, calcium) has shown a greater concentration of pollutants and greater acidity in the smaller particles (2-6 microns) which are able to penetrate the bronchial tree. Nitrates 76-83 zinc finger protein, FOG family member 1 Homo sapiens 25-28 8739090-1 1996 The urinary excretion rates of nitrate (NO3) and nitrite (NO2) were monitored in 14 patients with active ulcerative colitis during treatment using hydrocortisone and sulfasalazine. Nitrates 31-38 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 40-43 8598489-0 1996 IL-1 beta does not cause neutrophil degranulation but does lead to IL-6, IL-8, and nitrite/nitrate release when used in patients with cancer. Nitrates 91-98 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-9 8632501-1 1996 BACKGROUND: Hexogen (cyclonite, RDX) nitrate explosive is an infrequent cause of poisoning. Nitrates 37-44 radixin Homo sapiens 32-35 8569419-3 1996 Thus we studied sex differences in NO-generation by measuring single breath NO-exhalation and plasma levels of nitrate (NO3), the stable endmetabolite of NO. Nitrates 111-118 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 120-123 8754362-9 1996 For patients who cannot take an ACE inhibitor the combination of hydralazine and nitrates may offer some prognostic benefit. Nitrates 81-89 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 32-35 7594598-18 1995 Subcutaneous IL-2 therapy increased urinary nitrate excretion up to eightfold in mice, and appeared to produce a significant survival advantage that was prevented by MLA administration. Nitrates 44-51 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 13-17 7594544-6 1995 Increased levels of nitrate (NO3-) were only detected in serum of resistant C57BL/6 mice at the time of peak parasitemia. Nitrates 20-27 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Mus musculus 29-32 8597057-2 1995 Pretreatment of mice with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) resulted in elevated levels of nitrite/nitrate in serum and rendered mice insensitive towards TNF toxicity. Nitrates 91-98 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 26-44 8597057-2 1995 Pretreatment of mice with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) resulted in elevated levels of nitrite/nitrate in serum and rendered mice insensitive towards TNF toxicity. Nitrates 91-98 interleukin 1 complex Mus musculus 46-50 7492033-10 1995 For the Indonesian dry (powdered) milk sample studied the nitrate levels were in the range 10.7-29.5 mg kg-1 NO3-. Nitrates 58-65 NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist Homo sapiens 109-112 7489995-4 1995 Pretreatment of mice with IL-1 resulted in elevated levels of nitrite/nitrate in serum and in enhanced nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in liver cells isolated from these animals. Nitrates 70-77 interleukin 1 complex Mus musculus 26-30 8616217-10 1995 The striking degree of conservation between the macrophage-specific mammalian Nramp and its OsNramp1 plant homologue is discussed with respect to possible implications in the metabolism of nitrate in both organisms. Nitrates 189-196 solute carrier family 11 member 1 Homo sapiens 78-83 8747803-13 1995 N-acetylcysteine inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme and counteracts nitrate-induced stimulation of the renin angiotensin system in vivo. Nitrates 72-79 renin Homo sapiens 107-112 8747803-17 1995 Thus, administration of NAC may change the normal vasodilator profile of nitrates. Nitrates 73-81 synuclein alpha Homo sapiens 24-27 8534848-6 1995 They were designated as iNR1 and iNR2, respectively, since both were inducible by nitrate. Nitrates 82-89 inducible nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Glycine max 24-28 8534848-6 1995 They were designated as iNR1 and iNR2, respectively, since both were inducible by nitrate. Nitrates 82-89 inducible nitrate reductase [NADH] 2 Glycine max 33-37 8534848-16 1995 In northern blots, the steady-state level of iNR1 mRNA was similar for the nr1 mutant and the wild-type parent after 20 to 48 h induction by nitrate. Nitrates 141-148 inducible nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Glycine max 45-49 8534848-16 1995 In northern blots, the steady-state level of iNR1 mRNA was similar for the nr1 mutant and the wild-type parent after 20 to 48 h induction by nitrate. Nitrates 141-148 LOC100037451 Glycine max 75-78