PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text compound_name comp_offset prot_official_name organism prot_offset 33002500-10 2020 We then quantified the Egr1/Zif268 protein expression following cxt-B exposures and CLO treatments. Clonidine 84-87 early growth response 1 Homo sapiens 23-27 33002500-10 2020 We then quantified the Egr1/Zif268 protein expression following cxt-B exposures and CLO treatments. Clonidine 84-87 early growth response 1 Homo sapiens 28-34 32336172-4 2020 Indeed, we report that clonidine, a 2-aminoimidazoline derivative, was found able to activate several human CA isoforms (hCA I, IV, VA, VII, IX, XII and XIII), with potency in the micromolar range, while it was inactive on hCA II. Clonidine 23-32 HCA1 Homo sapiens 108-110 32336172-4 2020 Indeed, we report that clonidine, a 2-aminoimidazoline derivative, was found able to activate several human CA isoforms (hCA I, IV, VA, VII, IX, XII and XIII), with potency in the micromolar range, while it was inactive on hCA II. Clonidine 23-32 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 121-126 32336172-4 2020 Indeed, we report that clonidine, a 2-aminoimidazoline derivative, was found able to activate several human CA isoforms (hCA I, IV, VA, VII, IX, XII and XIII), with potency in the micromolar range, while it was inactive on hCA II. Clonidine 23-32 HCA1 Homo sapiens 121-124 32336172-5 2020 A series of 2-aminoimidazoline, structurally related to clonidine, was then synthesised and tested on selected hCA isoforms. Clonidine 56-65 HCA1 Homo sapiens 111-114 32961667-5 2020 Drugs such as ketoconazole, clonidine, and verapamil showed substantial inhibitory potential to human, mouse, and rat OCT1 activity. Clonidine 28-37 solute carrier family 22 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 118-122 33489031-3 2020 In the present research, we wanted to investigate the effect of stimulation and blockage of CA1 alpha2 adrenergic receptors by clonidine (an agonist of alpha2 adrenergic receptor) and yohimbine (an antagonist of alpha2 adrenergic receptor), respectively, on memory retention impairment induced by REM SD (RSD) in rats. Clonidine 127-136 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 92-95 33489031-5 2020 Clonidine and yohimbine were injected intra-CA1. Clonidine 0-9 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 44-47 33146287-6 2020 Lower brainstem from SHR treated with clonidine presented reduced TH and beta2-AR levels, and adrenal glands had decreased TH expression compared to SHR treated with vehicle. Clonidine 38-47 adenosine A2a receptor Rattus norvegicus 73-81 33154665-3 2020 Clonidine is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist that is frequently added to single-shot caudal analgesia, but there are limited data regarding its use in a continuous epidural infusion, especially in patients <=12 months of age. Clonidine 0-9 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 16-22 31904616-9 2020 RESULTS: Propranolol and clonidine significantly decreased bone marrow MMP-9 expression, plasma corticosterone levels, and HPC mobilization, and significantly increased hemoglobin levels. Clonidine 25-34 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Rattus norvegicus 71-76 31904616-13 2020 Attenuating the neuroendocrine response to injury and stress with propranolol and clonidine reduced MMP-9 expression, corticosterone levels, HPC mobilization, and the degree of anemia. Clonidine 82-91 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Rattus norvegicus 100-105 33146287-6 2020 Lower brainstem from SHR treated with clonidine presented reduced TH and beta2-AR levels, and adrenal glands had decreased TH expression compared to SHR treated with vehicle. Clonidine 38-47 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 66-68 33146287-9 2020 Moreover, chronic treatment with clonidine normalized the levels of TH and beta2-AR in leukocytes from SHR to similar levels of those of WKY. Clonidine 33-42 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 68-70 33146287-9 2020 Moreover, chronic treatment with clonidine normalized the levels of TH and beta2-AR in leukocytes from SHR to similar levels of those of WKY. Clonidine 33-42 adenosine A2a receptor Rattus norvegicus 75-83 33146287-10 2020 Our study demonstrated that the percentage of leukocytes expressing TH and beta2-AR was altered in arterial hypertension and can be modulated by central sympathetic inhibition with clonidine treatment. Clonidine 181-190 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 68-70 33146287-10 2020 Our study demonstrated that the percentage of leukocytes expressing TH and beta2-AR was altered in arterial hypertension and can be modulated by central sympathetic inhibition with clonidine treatment. Clonidine 181-190 adenosine A2a receptor Rattus norvegicus 75-83 32819417-3 2020 The use of alpha-2-agonists such as clonidine and dexmedetomidine in newborn infants is more recent, and they might be prescribed to reduce the total amount of opioids which are thought to have more side effects. Clonidine 36-45 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 11-18 32585245-12 2020 Furthermore, we show that blockade of HSP70 facilitates relaxation in response to acetylcholine and clonidine without affecting the basal levels of NO and ROS. Clonidine 100-109 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B Rattus norvegicus 38-43 32571181-1 2020 BACKGROUND: Dexmedetomidine and clonidine are the most extensively studied drugs for shivering treatment, because alpha2-adrenergic agonists can reduce the shivering threshold. Clonidine 32-41 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 114-120 32188130-6 2020 We compared in vitro the efficacy of clonidine, dexmedetomidine, brimonidine, and norepinephrine with epinephrine to restore ADP- and PAR-1-AP-induced washed platelet aggregation inhibited by ticagrelor, as well as resulting platelet cAMP levels. Clonidine 37-46 Prader Willi/Angelman region RNA 1 Homo sapiens 134-139 32389431-1 2020 BACKGROUND: Clonidine is a centrally-acting alpha-2 agonist used in the treatment of hypertension and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, among other off-label uses. Clonidine 12-21 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 44-51 32086509-2 2020 There is a paucity of data describing dexmedetomidine withdrawal syndrome (DWS) as well as clonidine"s place in therapy for DWS. Clonidine 91-100 DWS Homo sapiens 124-127 32086509-10 2020 Patients with extensive cardiac comorbidities may be more susceptible to adverse effects of clonidine, which may limit the drug"s use for DWS intervention. Clonidine 92-101 DWS Homo sapiens 138-141 32934404-2 2020 Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonist, and melatonin, the pineal hormone, have been used for the attenuation of these haemodynamic responses. Clonidine 0-9 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 14-21 28520366-6 2012 They also state that for individuals who have more than two functional gene copies of CYP2D6, i.e., individuals with so-called ultrarapid metabolizer status, physicians should either be alert to reduced efficacy with the standard dose of atomoxetine, or they should prescribe an alternative drug, such as methylphenidate or clonidine (Table 1) (2). Clonidine 324-333 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 86-92 31942277-4 2020 Clonidine, an alpha2A adrenergic receptor agonist, is one medication option that can reduce or eliminate sialorrhea. Clonidine 0-9 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 14-41 32034477-0 2020 Clonidine GH stimulation test to differentiate MSA from idiopathic late onset cerebellar ataxia: a prospective, controlled study. Clonidine 0-9 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 10-12 32034477-3 2020 Our aim was to assess the efficacy of clonidine growth hormone test (CGH test) to distinguish MSA-C from ILOCA in the early stage of the disease. Clonidine 38-47 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 48-62 30827533-3 2019 We hypothesized that propranolol and clonidine would decrease bone marrow expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and increase expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL). Clonidine 37-46 high mobility group box 1 Rattus norvegicus 88-113 32071584-8 2020 Fourteen patients (37%) had at least 1 WAT-1 score of >=3 during the transition between dexmedetomidine and clonidine, with 7 (18%) requiring an increase in sedation. Clonidine 108-117 MTOR associated protein, LST8 homolog Homo sapiens 39-44 30827533-3 2019 We hypothesized that propranolol and clonidine would decrease bone marrow expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and increase expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL). Clonidine 37-46 Bcl2-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 176-203 30827533-3 2019 We hypothesized that propranolol and clonidine would decrease bone marrow expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and increase expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL). Clonidine 37-46 Bcl2-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 205-211 30827533-6 2019 RESULTS: Following LCHS, HMGB1 was decreased by propranolol (49% decrease, p = 0.012) and clonidine (54% decrease, p < 0.010). Clonidine 90-99 high mobility group box 1 Rattus norvegicus 25-30 30827533-7 2019 SCF was decreased following LCHS/CS, and was increased by propranolol (629% increase, p < 0.001) and clonidine (468% increase, p < 0.001). Clonidine 104-113 KIT ligand Rattus norvegicus 0-3 30827533-8 2019 Bcl-xL was decreased following LCHS/CS, and was increased by propranolol (59% increase, p = 0.006) and clonidine (77% increase, p < 0.001). Clonidine 103-112 Bcl2-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-6 30678423-5 2019 Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein-3 were undetectable and the peak GH concentration by clonidine stimulation test was extremely low (0.18 ng/mL). Clonidine 120-129 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 100-102 31638765-6 2019 Azi-medetomidine competes with the alpha2 agonist clonidine at alpha2A adrenergic receptors, which is potentiated by photolabeling, and azi-medetomidine labels moieties on the alpha2A adrenergic receptor as determined by mass spectrometry in a manner consistent with a simulated model. Clonidine 50-59 MGC75582, possible similarity to act2 S homeolog Xenopus laevis 35-41 30827533-3 2019 We hypothesized that propranolol and clonidine would decrease bone marrow expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and increase expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL). Clonidine 37-46 high mobility group box 1 Rattus norvegicus 115-120 30827533-3 2019 We hypothesized that propranolol and clonidine would decrease bone marrow expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and increase expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL). Clonidine 37-46 KIT ligand Rattus norvegicus 149-165 30827533-3 2019 We hypothesized that propranolol and clonidine would decrease bone marrow expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and increase expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL). Clonidine 37-46 KIT ligand Rattus norvegicus 167-170 32184880-2 2019 The alpha2 adrenergic agonist clonidine has sedative effects. Clonidine 30-39 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 4-10 31585114-0 2019 Effects of 24 CYP2D6 variants found in Chinese population on the metabolism of clonidine in vitro. Clonidine 79-88 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 14-20 31585114-5 2019 Our goal is to research the effect of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of clonidine and evaluate the functions of 22 CYP2D6 allelic variants in vitro, which were discovered in Chinese Han population recently. Clonidine 87-96 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 38-44 31585114-8 2019 Metabolite 4-OH clonidine was accurately detected via ultra-performance liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to evaluate the effect of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism on the clonidine. Clonidine 16-25 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 145-151 31585114-8 2019 Metabolite 4-OH clonidine was accurately detected via ultra-performance liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to evaluate the effect of CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism on the clonidine. Clonidine 180-189 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 145-151 31585114-13 2019 CONCLUSION: We comprehensively evaluated the effect of 22 novel CYP2D6 variants on the metabolism of clonidine for the first time and hoped corresponding data provide a reference for metabolism of clonidine for further studies in vivo, and extend our understanding of the clinical drug toxicity or ineffectiveness by CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism. Clonidine 101-110 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 64-70 31585114-13 2019 CONCLUSION: We comprehensively evaluated the effect of 22 novel CYP2D6 variants on the metabolism of clonidine for the first time and hoped corresponding data provide a reference for metabolism of clonidine for further studies in vivo, and extend our understanding of the clinical drug toxicity or ineffectiveness by CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism. Clonidine 101-110 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 317-323 31585114-13 2019 CONCLUSION: We comprehensively evaluated the effect of 22 novel CYP2D6 variants on the metabolism of clonidine for the first time and hoped corresponding data provide a reference for metabolism of clonidine for further studies in vivo, and extend our understanding of the clinical drug toxicity or ineffectiveness by CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism. Clonidine 197-206 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 64-70 31585114-13 2019 CONCLUSION: We comprehensively evaluated the effect of 22 novel CYP2D6 variants on the metabolism of clonidine for the first time and hoped corresponding data provide a reference for metabolism of clonidine for further studies in vivo, and extend our understanding of the clinical drug toxicity or ineffectiveness by CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism. Clonidine 197-206 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 317-323 30468724-10 2019 In experiment 2, CLON but not ISO was able to reverse the effect of leptin on NE levels in the PVN, however, both agonists were capable of blocking leptin"s effects on circulating CS. Clonidine 17-21 leptin Rattus norvegicus 68-74 31243023-0 2019 Clonidine suppression testing for pheochromocytoma in neurofibromatosis type 1. Clonidine 0-9 neurofibromin 1 Homo sapiens 54-78 31286103-9 2019 On follow-up, GH deficiency due to GHRH resistance was suspected and confirmed by clonidine and arginine stimulation tests. Clonidine 82-91 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 35-39 30112578-10 2018 Both clonidine and bupropion attenuated the effects of 2-DG on CPA and CORT, but only bupropion reversed suppression of locomotion. Clonidine 5-14 cortistatin Rattus norvegicus 71-75 30520848-9 2019 Clonidine reduced SBP to less than 140 mmHg in 19/61. Clonidine 0-9 selenium binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 18-21 30695779-0 2019 Evaluation of Antidepressant Effects on Recovery of Electrical Field Stimulation-Induced Contractions that have been Suppressed by Clonidine in Isolated Rat Vas Deferens. Clonidine 131-140 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 157-160 30695779-3 2019 METHOD: The effects of 18 antidepressants of different classes on electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced contractions suppressed by 10-8 mol/L clonidine (a selective alpha2-AR agonist) in isolated rat vas deferens were investigated and related to their respective clinical blood concentrations. Clonidine 147-156 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 205-208 29956027-0 2018 Prospective study of relevance of 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy and clonidine GH test to distinguish Parkinson"s disease and multiple system atrophy. Clonidine 72-81 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 82-84 29956027-1 2018 BACKGROUND: 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy and clonidine growth hormone test (CGH test) may help to distinguish multiple system atrophy (MSA) from Parkinson"s disease (PD). Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-74 29675956-9 2018 Clonidine substantially increased proactive alpha power from the SMA source, and canceled out the benefits of STN-DBS on movement initiation. Clonidine 0-9 survival of motor neuron 1, telomeric Homo sapiens 65-68 29452086-2 2018 Clonidine is an alpha2-adrenergic receptor/imidazoline-1 receptor agonist that can reduce blood pressure and maintain renal functions. Clonidine 0-9 nischarin Rattus norvegicus 43-65 29725523-8 2018 Furthermore, the reductions in these mRNAs by 10 microM guanabenz and 20 microM clonidine in the presence of RANKL were attenuated by 20 microM yohimbine or idazoxan (P<0.05). Clonidine 80-89 tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 Mus musculus 109-114 29688887-11 2018 Three subjects developed hematuria after GH stimulation testing (clonidine/arginine). Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 41-43 29452086-14 2018 Moreover, clonidine reduced renal tumor necrosis factor-alpha (inflammatory marker) and caspase-3 (apoptotic marker) levels, while increased renal prostaglandine E2 and interleukin-10 levels (anti-inflammatory markers). Clonidine 10-19 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 34-61 29463871-9 2018 At 21 days, clonidine withdrawal triggered rebound hypertension together with impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation, increased GRK2 activity, and reduced Akt/endothelial NO synthase (eNOS)/NO production in aortas. Clonidine 12-21 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Mus musculus 131-135 29452086-14 2018 Moreover, clonidine reduced renal tumor necrosis factor-alpha (inflammatory marker) and caspase-3 (apoptotic marker) levels, while increased renal prostaglandine E2 and interleukin-10 levels (anti-inflammatory markers). Clonidine 10-19 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 88-97 29452086-14 2018 Moreover, clonidine reduced renal tumor necrosis factor-alpha (inflammatory marker) and caspase-3 (apoptotic marker) levels, while increased renal prostaglandine E2 and interleukin-10 levels (anti-inflammatory markers). Clonidine 10-19 interleukin 10 Rattus norvegicus 169-183 29452086-15 2018 In conclusion, clonidine can reduce ethanol induced kidney injury, at least in part, by stimulating imidazoline-1 receptor signaling. Clonidine 15-24 nischarin Rattus norvegicus 100-122 29463871-9 2018 At 21 days, clonidine withdrawal triggered rebound hypertension together with impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation, increased GRK2 activity, and reduced Akt/endothelial NO synthase (eNOS)/NO production in aortas. Clonidine 12-21 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 158-161 29463871-10 2018 Conversely, withdrawal of the combination clonidine/GRK2-inhibitor treatment did not cause rebound hypertension, and normal induction of endothelium-dependent relaxation, decreased GRK2 activity, and increased Akt/eNOS were observed in aortas from DM mice. Clonidine 42-51 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Mus musculus 181-185 29463871-10 2018 Conversely, withdrawal of the combination clonidine/GRK2-inhibitor treatment did not cause rebound hypertension, and normal induction of endothelium-dependent relaxation, decreased GRK2 activity, and increased Akt/eNOS were observed in aortas from DM mice. Clonidine 42-51 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 210-213 29463871-0 2018 Co-treatment with clonidine and a GRK2 inhibitor prevented rebound hypertension and endothelial dysfunction after withdrawal in diabetes. Clonidine 18-27 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Mus musculus 34-38 29352450-3 2018 Clonidine accumulation in lung alveolar A549 cells was found to be temperature- and pH-dependent; it was saturable, with a Michaelis-Menten affinity constant (Km) value of 569.4 muM. Clonidine 0-9 latexin Homo sapiens 178-181 29074416-9 2018 Furthermore, clonidine also significantly decreased the protein expression levels of ERK1/2, Phospho-ERK1/2, CREB, Phospho-CREB and Phospho-NF-kappaB in the hippocampus of the rats when compared with the cerebral ischemia group. Clonidine 13-22 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Rattus norvegicus 123-127 29545586-5 2018 We found that clonidine, which is an agonist of the alpha2-adrenergic receptor (alpha2-AR), has an inhibitory effect on the replication of various influenza virus strains. Clonidine 14-23 adenosine A2a receptor Homo sapiens 80-89 29074416-0 2018 Clonidine preconditioning improved cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory deficits in rats via ERK1/2-CREB/ NF-kappaB-NR2B pathway. Clonidine 0-9 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 Rattus norvegicus 102-108 29074416-0 2018 Clonidine preconditioning improved cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory deficits in rats via ERK1/2-CREB/ NF-kappaB-NR2B pathway. Clonidine 0-9 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Rattus norvegicus 109-113 29074416-10 2018 In conclusion, clonidine could improve the learning and memory ability of rats with cerebral ischemia, and NR2B, ERK1/2, CREB, NF-kappaB were involved in this effect. Clonidine 15-24 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B Rattus norvegicus 107-111 29074416-0 2018 Clonidine preconditioning improved cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory deficits in rats via ERK1/2-CREB/ NF-kappaB-NR2B pathway. Clonidine 0-9 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B Rattus norvegicus 125-129 29074416-8 2018 In the Western blotting assay, clonidine treatment led to significant up-regulation of the expression level of NR2B and Phospho-NR2B in the hippocampus of the rats when compared with the cerebral ischemia group. Clonidine 31-40 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B Rattus norvegicus 111-115 29074416-8 2018 In the Western blotting assay, clonidine treatment led to significant up-regulation of the expression level of NR2B and Phospho-NR2B in the hippocampus of the rats when compared with the cerebral ischemia group. Clonidine 31-40 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B Rattus norvegicus 128-132 29074416-10 2018 In conclusion, clonidine could improve the learning and memory ability of rats with cerebral ischemia, and NR2B, ERK1/2, CREB, NF-kappaB were involved in this effect. Clonidine 15-24 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 Rattus norvegicus 113-119 29074416-9 2018 Furthermore, clonidine also significantly decreased the protein expression levels of ERK1/2, Phospho-ERK1/2, CREB, Phospho-CREB and Phospho-NF-kappaB in the hippocampus of the rats when compared with the cerebral ischemia group. Clonidine 13-22 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 Rattus norvegicus 85-91 29074416-10 2018 In conclusion, clonidine could improve the learning and memory ability of rats with cerebral ischemia, and NR2B, ERK1/2, CREB, NF-kappaB were involved in this effect. Clonidine 15-24 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Rattus norvegicus 121-125 29074416-9 2018 Furthermore, clonidine also significantly decreased the protein expression levels of ERK1/2, Phospho-ERK1/2, CREB, Phospho-CREB and Phospho-NF-kappaB in the hippocampus of the rats when compared with the cerebral ischemia group. Clonidine 13-22 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 Rattus norvegicus 101-107 29074416-9 2018 Furthermore, clonidine also significantly decreased the protein expression levels of ERK1/2, Phospho-ERK1/2, CREB, Phospho-CREB and Phospho-NF-kappaB in the hippocampus of the rats when compared with the cerebral ischemia group. Clonidine 13-22 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Rattus norvegicus 109-113 28883754-12 2017 Moreover, pretreatment with clonidine attenuated the plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) induced by sepsis. Clonidine 28-37 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 60-87 28930945-8 2018 Unexpectedly, propranolol and propranolol/clonidine caused an increase in epinephrine and syndecan-1 levels. Clonidine 42-51 syndecan 1 Rattus norvegicus 90-100 28666582-1 2017 BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that clonidine and propranolol would increase VEGF and VEGF-receptor expression and promote lung healing following severe trauma and chronic stress. Clonidine 33-42 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 74-78 28666582-1 2017 BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that clonidine and propranolol would increase VEGF and VEGF-receptor expression and promote lung healing following severe trauma and chronic stress. Clonidine 33-42 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 83-87 28666582-6 2017 RESULTS: Clonidine increased VEGF expression following LCHS (43%*) and LCHS/CS (46%*). Clonidine 9-18 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 29-33 28666582-7 2017 Clonidine increased VEGFR-1 and R-2 expression following LCHS/CS (203%* and 47%*, respectively). Clonidine 0-9 Fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 20-27 28666582-8 2017 Clonidine decreased HMGB1 and TNF-alpha expression following LCHS/CS (22%* and 58%*, respectively.) Clonidine 0-9 high mobility group box 1 Rattus norvegicus 20-25 28666582-8 2017 Clonidine decreased HMGB1 and TNF-alpha expression following LCHS/CS (22%* and 58%*, respectively.) Clonidine 0-9 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 30-39 28666582-11 2017 CONCLUSIONS: Clonidine increased VEGF and VEGF-receptor expression, decreased HMGB1 expression, decreased lung inflammation, and improved lung tissue repair. Clonidine 13-22 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 33-37 28979194-8 2017 Chemical lesion of the LC-NE neurons by systemic DSP-4 and pharmacological inhibition of central synaptic release of NE by clonidine completely abolished increase in circulating NE and P2X3 receptor expression, as well as the sympathetically-maintained development of empathic mechanical hyperalgesia. Clonidine 123-132 purinergic receptor P2X 3 Rattus norvegicus 185-189 28666582-11 2017 CONCLUSIONS: Clonidine increased VEGF and VEGF-receptor expression, decreased HMGB1 expression, decreased lung inflammation, and improved lung tissue repair. Clonidine 13-22 vascular endothelial growth factor A Rattus norvegicus 42-46 28666582-11 2017 CONCLUSIONS: Clonidine increased VEGF and VEGF-receptor expression, decreased HMGB1 expression, decreased lung inflammation, and improved lung tissue repair. Clonidine 13-22 high mobility group box 1 Rattus norvegicus 78-83 28547032-6 2017 We show that mean DRG Car8 gene expression is directly related to the dose of morphine or clonidine needed to provide a half-maximal analgesic response (r = 0.93, P < 0.00002; r = 0.83, P < 0.0008, respectively), suggesting that greater DRG Car8 expression increases analgesic requirements. Clonidine 90-99 carbonic anhydrase 8 Mus musculus 22-26 28547032-6 2017 We show that mean DRG Car8 gene expression is directly related to the dose of morphine or clonidine needed to provide a half-maximal analgesic response (r = 0.93, P < 0.00002; r = 0.83, P < 0.0008, respectively), suggesting that greater DRG Car8 expression increases analgesic requirements. Clonidine 90-99 carbonic anhydrase 8 Mus musculus 247-251 28955200-0 2017 Cingulate Alpha-2A Adrenoceptors Mediate the Effects of Clonidine on Spontaneous Pain Induced by Peripheral Nerve Injury. Clonidine 56-65 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 10-18 28955200-9 2017 This blocking of cingulate alpha2A adrenoceptors activity abolished the CPP induced by clonidine (0.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally) but not the effects on PWTs at day 7. Clonidine 87-96 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 27-34 28955200-10 2017 However, clonidine applied systemically or specifically to the ACC at day 14 increased the PWTs but failed to induce CPP; this negative effect was reversed by the overexpression of cingulate alpha2A adrenoceptors. Clonidine 9-18 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 191-198 28955200-11 2017 These results suggest that cingulate alpha2A adrenoceptors are necessary for the analgesic effects of clonidine on spontaneous pain. Clonidine 102-111 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 37-44 28883754-12 2017 Moreover, pretreatment with clonidine attenuated the plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) induced by sepsis. Clonidine 28-37 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 89-98 28883754-15 2017 increased p-AMPKalpha1 and p-AMPKalpha2, but decreased p-Tyk2 and p-mTOR levels in both control and sepsis groups, suggesting that the up-regulations of p-AMPKalpha1 and p-AMPKalpha2, or down-regulations of p-mTOR and p-Tyk2 may play critical roles for the protective effect of clonidine against sepsis-induced mortality. Clonidine 278-287 protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit Mus musculus 155-165 27998008-0 2017 Antihypertensive methyldopa, labetalol, hydralazine, and clonidine reversed tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibited endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in endothelial-trophoblast cellular networks. Clonidine 57-66 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 115-148 28814745-4 2017 Suppressed GRK2 levels in the liver markedly improved glucose homeostasis, as well as improved the impaired endothelial Akt/eNOS-dependent signal activation (insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS) and vascular responses (clonidine-induced and insulin-induced endothelial-dependent relaxation response and phenylephrine-induced contractile response) in type 2 diabetic aortas. Clonidine 234-243 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Homo sapiens 11-15 28814745-4 2017 Suppressed GRK2 levels in the liver markedly improved glucose homeostasis, as well as improved the impaired endothelial Akt/eNOS-dependent signal activation (insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS) and vascular responses (clonidine-induced and insulin-induced endothelial-dependent relaxation response and phenylephrine-induced contractile response) in type 2 diabetic aortas. Clonidine 234-243 insulin Homo sapiens 158-165 28094445-5 2017 In spinal cord slices, clonidine reduced the frequency of capsaicin-induced miniature EPSCs in the presence of tetrodotoxin and omega-conotoxin-MVIIC, consistent with inhibition of presynaptic TRPV1 channels by alpha2 adrenergic receptors. Clonidine 23-32 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 Homo sapiens 193-198 28230659-4 2017 The Ca decrease was shorter after inhibition of the Na/K pump with ouabain (10 and 100 muM) but prolonged when the alpha2A adrenoceptors were activated with clonidine (1 and 10 nM) or epinephrine (10 nM). Clonidine 157-166 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 115-122 27998008-8 2017 Methyldopa, labetalol, hydralazine and clonidine reversed the inhibitory effect of TNF-alpha on eNOS mRNA expression. Clonidine 39-48 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 83-92 27998008-8 2017 Methyldopa, labetalol, hydralazine and clonidine reversed the inhibitory effect of TNF-alpha on eNOS mRNA expression. Clonidine 39-48 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 96-100 28280480-12 2017 CONCLUSION: (1) When patients were pretreated with a D2-dopamine receptor antagonist that was ineffective or not tolerated well, switching to a clonidine transdermal patch treatment was effective and safe. Clonidine 144-153 dopamine receptor D2 Homo sapiens 53-73 28115640-6 2017 Furthermore, we found that clonidine treatment resulted in activated caspase-2, -3, -8, and -9, disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, downregulation of Bcl-2, and upregulation of Bad, cytoplasmic cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor, suggesting that clonidine-induced apoptosis is triggered through Fas/TNFR1 death receptors and Bcl-2 family proteins-mediated mitochondria-dependent pathways. Clonidine 27-36 caspase 2 Homo sapiens 69-94 28115640-6 2017 Furthermore, we found that clonidine treatment resulted in activated caspase-2, -3, -8, and -9, disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, downregulation of Bcl-2, and upregulation of Bad, cytoplasmic cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor, suggesting that clonidine-induced apoptosis is triggered through Fas/TNFR1 death receptors and Bcl-2 family proteins-mediated mitochondria-dependent pathways. Clonidine 27-36 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 171-176 28115640-6 2017 Furthermore, we found that clonidine treatment resulted in activated caspase-2, -3, -8, and -9, disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, downregulation of Bcl-2, and upregulation of Bad, cytoplasmic cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor, suggesting that clonidine-induced apoptosis is triggered through Fas/TNFR1 death receptors and Bcl-2 family proteins-mediated mitochondria-dependent pathways. Clonidine 27-36 cytochrome c, somatic Homo sapiens 215-227 28115640-6 2017 Furthermore, we found that clonidine treatment resulted in activated caspase-2, -3, -8, and -9, disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, downregulation of Bcl-2, and upregulation of Bad, cytoplasmic cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor, suggesting that clonidine-induced apoptosis is triggered through Fas/TNFR1 death receptors and Bcl-2 family proteins-mediated mitochondria-dependent pathways. Clonidine 27-36 TNF receptor superfamily member 1A Homo sapiens 328-333 28115640-6 2017 Furthermore, we found that clonidine treatment resulted in activated caspase-2, -3, -8, and -9, disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, downregulation of Bcl-2, and upregulation of Bad, cytoplasmic cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor, suggesting that clonidine-induced apoptosis is triggered through Fas/TNFR1 death receptors and Bcl-2 family proteins-mediated mitochondria-dependent pathways. Clonidine 27-36 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 354-359 28115640-8 2017 In summary, our findings suggest that clonidine above 1/32 of its clinical therapeutic dosage is cytotoxic to corneal epithelial cells by inducing cell apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, and its pro-apoptotic effect on HCEP cells is triggered by a Fas/TNFR1 death receptors-mediated, mitochondria-dependent signaling pathway. Clonidine 38-47 TNF receptor superfamily member 1A Homo sapiens 254-259 27742030-6 2017 The addition of clonidine to lung contusion/hemorrhagic shock with chronic restraint stress significantly decreased hematopoietic progenitor cells mobilization and restored granulocyte colony stimulating factor levels. Clonidine 16-25 colony stimulating factor 3 Rattus norvegicus 173-210 28124696-8 2017 Clonidine crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c as a twinned crystal. Clonidine 0-9 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 53-58 27376152-7 2016 As compared with overexpression of a wild-type ADRA2A construct in human embryonic kidney-293 cells and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, the mutant ADRA2A produced more cAMP and glycerol, which were resistant to the effects of the alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine and the alpha2-adrenergic receptor antagonist yohimbine, suggesting loss of function. Clonidine 267-276 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 149-155 28298771-0 2017 Attenuation of Hemodynamic Response to Skull Pin Head Holder Insertion: Intravenous Clonidine versus Intravenous Lignocaine Infusion. Clonidine 84-93 dynein light chain LC8-type 1 Homo sapiens 45-48 28298771-21 2017 clonidine at dose of 2 mug/kg is a better drug in attenuating hemodynamic response to skull pin head holder insertion than i.v. Clonidine 0-9 dynein light chain LC8-type 1 Homo sapiens 92-95 27806917-0 2016 Clonidine preconditioning alleviated focal cerebral ischemic insult in rats via up-regulating p-NMDAR1 and down-regulating NMDAR2A / p-NMDAR2B. Clonidine 0-9 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 96-102 27806917-0 2016 Clonidine preconditioning alleviated focal cerebral ischemic insult in rats via up-regulating p-NMDAR1 and down-regulating NMDAR2A / p-NMDAR2B. Clonidine 0-9 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A Rattus norvegicus 123-130 27806917-0 2016 Clonidine preconditioning alleviated focal cerebral ischemic insult in rats via up-regulating p-NMDAR1 and down-regulating NMDAR2A / p-NMDAR2B. Clonidine 0-9 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B Rattus norvegicus 135-142 27806917-8 2016 Remarkably, clonidine treatment led to significant down-regulation of p-NMDAR2B and NMDAR2A in addition to enhancement of the expression level of p-NMDAR1 in cortex. Clonidine 12-21 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B Rattus norvegicus 72-79 27806917-8 2016 Remarkably, clonidine treatment led to significant down-regulation of p-NMDAR2B and NMDAR2A in addition to enhancement of the expression level of p-NMDAR1 in cortex. Clonidine 12-21 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A Rattus norvegicus 84-91 27806917-8 2016 Remarkably, clonidine treatment led to significant down-regulation of p-NMDAR2B and NMDAR2A in addition to enhancement of the expression level of p-NMDAR1 in cortex. Clonidine 12-21 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 148-154 27806917-9 2016 This is the first report illustrating the neuroprotective role of clonidine may be mediated through modulation of the expression levels of p-NMDAR2B, NMDAR2A and p-NMDAR1 during cerebral ischemia. Clonidine 66-75 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B Rattus norvegicus 141-148 27806917-9 2016 This is the first report illustrating the neuroprotective role of clonidine may be mediated through modulation of the expression levels of p-NMDAR2B, NMDAR2A and p-NMDAR1 during cerebral ischemia. Clonidine 66-75 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A Rattus norvegicus 150-157 27806917-9 2016 This is the first report illustrating the neuroprotective role of clonidine may be mediated through modulation of the expression levels of p-NMDAR2B, NMDAR2A and p-NMDAR1 during cerebral ischemia. Clonidine 66-75 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 164-170 27390050-2 2016 METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, 2-way crossover study comprised a 7-day treatment with 0.3 mg clonidine/24 h (T1/R1), a 7-day washout, and another 7-day treatment (R1/T1) period. Clonidine 102-111 taste 1 receptor member 1 Homo sapiens 118-123 27418171-9 2016 Clonidine induced similar changes in alpha2B- and alpha2C-AR KO mice, whereas it failed to affect the disease activity index scores and caused only minor weight loss in alpha2A-AR KO animals. Clonidine 0-9 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2b Mus musculus 37-44 27384184-6 2016 In comparison with G4, the addition of clonidine (G5) or guanfacine (G6) to diuretics improved, respectively, sodium excretion over the 11th-12th CCl4 weeks, or GFR and electrolytes excretion over the 13th-14th CCl4 weeks. Clonidine 39-48 C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 Rattus norvegicus 146-150 27384184-6 2016 In comparison with G4, the addition of clonidine (G5) or guanfacine (G6) to diuretics improved, respectively, sodium excretion over the 11th-12th CCl4 weeks, or GFR and electrolytes excretion over the 13th-14th CCl4 weeks. Clonidine 39-48 C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 Rattus norvegicus 211-215 27457818-0 2016 Genetic variation in catechol-O-methyltransferase modifies effects of clonidine treatment in chronic fatigue syndrome. Clonidine 70-79 catechol-O-methyltransferase Homo sapiens 21-49 27457818-8 2016 Detrimental effects of clonidine in the subset of CFS patients homozygous for COMT high-activity allele warrant investigation of potential clonidine-COMT interaction effects in other conditions. Clonidine 23-32 catechol-O-methyltransferase Homo sapiens 78-82 27291858-2 2016 Based on the available evidence, the aim of our study was to investigate consequences of the activation and deactivation of CA1 alpha2 adrenergic receptors (by clonidine and yohimbine, respectively) on the impairment of memory retention induced by total sleep deprivation (TSD) and the reversal of circadian rhythm (RCR) in a rat model. Clonidine 160-169 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 124-127 26874268-0 2016 GH response to intravenous clonidine challenge correlates with history of childhood trauma in personality disorder. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 26704560-0 2016 Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist relieves mechanical allodynia in oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic mice; potentiation by spinal p38 MAPK inhibition without motor dysfunction and hypotension. Clonidine 0-9 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Mus musculus 137-145 26704560-4 2016 injection of clonidine reduces mechanical allodynia in mice with an oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy and (ii) concurrent inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 enhances clonidine"s antiallodynic effect. Clonidine 13-22 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Mus musculus 171-175 26704560-4 2016 injection of clonidine reduces mechanical allodynia in mice with an oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy and (ii) concurrent inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 enhances clonidine"s antiallodynic effect. Clonidine 13-22 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Mus musculus 193-201 26704560-4 2016 injection of clonidine reduces mechanical allodynia in mice with an oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy and (ii) concurrent inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 enhances clonidine"s antiallodynic effect. Clonidine 230-239 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Mus musculus 171-175 26704560-4 2016 injection of clonidine reduces mechanical allodynia in mice with an oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy and (ii) concurrent inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 enhances clonidine"s antiallodynic effect. Clonidine 230-239 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Mus musculus 193-201 26704560-10 2016 Clonidine dose-dependently reduced oxaliplatin-induced mechanical allodynia and spinal p-p38 MAPK expression, but not p-ERK. Clonidine 0-9 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Mus musculus 89-97 26874268-4 2016 In this study, we sought to test the hypothesis that childhood trauma is associated with blunted growth hormone response to the alpha-2 adrenergic autoreceptor agonist clonidine. Clonidine 168-177 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 97-111 26874268-8 2016 RESULTS: Contrary to our a priori hypothesis, childhood trauma was associated with enhanced GH response to clonidine. Clonidine 107-116 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 92-94 26874268-11 2016 DISCUSSION: Childhood trauma is positively correlated with GH response to clonidine challenge in adults with personality disorder. Clonidine 74-83 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 59-61 26630691-1 2016 BACKGROUND: The growth hormone (GH) stimulation protocols for clonidine and arginine tests are non-standardized and can be lengthy. Clonidine 62-71 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-30 26801314-7 2016 Intravenous infusion of the BRS-3 agonist MK-5046 increased mean arterial pressure and heart rate in wild-type but not in Brs3 null mice, and this increase was blocked by pretreatment with clonidine, a sympatholytic, centrally acting alpha2-adrenergic agonist. Clonidine 189-198 bombesin-like receptor 3 Mus musculus 28-33 27166774-0 2016 Clonidine-stimulated growth hormone concentrations (cut-off values) measured by immunochemiluminescent assay (ICMA) in children and adolescents with short stature. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 21-35 27166774-1 2016 OBJECTIVES: To establish cut-off values for growth hormone concentrations using clonidine as a secretagogue and an immunochemiluminescent assay as the method of measurement and to analyze the response time as well as the influence of gender, nutritional status and pubertal stage. Clonidine 80-89 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 44-58 27166774-10 2016 The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that growth hormone concentrations >= 3.0 ng/mL defined responsiveness to clonidine. Clonidine 134-143 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 62-76 27166774-12 2016 CONCLUSION: Clonidine-stimulated growth hormone concentrations >=3 ng/mL, as measured by immunochemiluminescent assay, suggest responsiveness to the stimulus regardless of gender, body mass index standard deviation score or pubertal stage. Clonidine 12-21 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 33-47 26630691-1 2016 BACKGROUND: The growth hormone (GH) stimulation protocols for clonidine and arginine tests are non-standardized and can be lengthy. Clonidine 62-71 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 32-34 26630691-3 2016 METHODS: We retrospectively studied all children who had GH stimulation with clonidine and arginine to test for GH deficiency (GHD). Clonidine 77-86 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 57-59 26439240-8 2016 METHODS: The acute effect of a single oral dose of 0.3 mg clonidine on serum bone turnover markers (C-terminal cross-linking telopeptides of collagen type I (CTx), a marker for bone resorption, and procollagen type 1 N propeptide (P1NP), a marker for bone formation) was determined in a randomized crossover design in 12 healthy volunteers, aged 18-70 years. Clonidine 58-67 cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 158-161 26439240-10 2016 RESULTS: CTx concentrations increased after clonidine treatment compared to the control condition (p = 0.035). Clonidine 44-53 cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 9-12 25847835-7 2016 RESULTS: Hypoalgesia resulting from bilateral application of the alpha2 -adrenergic agonist clonidine in the CeA was not reversed by chemical inactivation of the RVM or by systemic injections of naloxone (mu-opioid antagonist) or rimonabant (CB1 antagonist). Clonidine 92-101 carcinoembryonic antigen gene family 4 Rattus norvegicus 109-112 26507673-5 2016 [(3) H]-Verapamil transport involved influx-mediated by an organic cation clonidine-sensitive/diphenhydramine-sensitive proton antiporter at both barriers; this effect was unmasked when P-gp was partially or fully inhibited/disrupted at the BBB. Clonidine 74-83 phosphoglycolate phosphatase Mus musculus 186-190 25847835-7 2016 RESULTS: Hypoalgesia resulting from bilateral application of the alpha2 -adrenergic agonist clonidine in the CeA was not reversed by chemical inactivation of the RVM or by systemic injections of naloxone (mu-opioid antagonist) or rimonabant (CB1 antagonist). Clonidine 92-101 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 242-245 25847835-8 2016 By contrast, spinal alpha2 -receptor blockade (intrathecal idazoxan) completely prevented the hypoalgesic effect of clonidine in the CeA, and unmasked a small but significant hyperalgesia. Clonidine 116-125 carcinoembryonic antigen gene family 4 Rattus norvegicus 133-136 26794830-9 2016 With regard to pain behavior, systemically delivered clonidine was superior in treating MIA-induced changes in WB or dRS, while systemic clonidine, curcumin, tacrolimus, and fluocinolone were all somewhat effective in modifying MMT/MCLT-induced changes in WB. Clonidine 53-62 Drosomycin Drosophila melanogaster 117-120 25311879-6 2016 Clonidine-stimulated growth hormone (GH) was measured in patients with height <=-3 SD. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 21-35 25311879-6 2016 Clonidine-stimulated growth hormone (GH) was measured in patients with height <=-3 SD. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 37-39 26121993-7 2016 The addition of clonidine 0.2 mug to diuretics (G2 vs. G7) reduced serum norepinephrine (169 +- 71 ng/L vs. 523 +- 88 ng/L) and plasma renin activity (12 +- 3 ng/ml/h vs. 25 +- 5 ng/ml/h) (all P < 0.05). Clonidine 16-25 renin Rattus norvegicus 135-140 26794830-11 2016 CONCLUSIONS: All of the agents that demonstrated highest benefit in vivo, excepting clonidine, were found to inhibit MMP-13, NF-kappaB, and bone matrix remodeling in vitro. Clonidine 84-93 matrix metallopeptidase 13 Rattus norvegicus 117-123 26361394-0 2015 Modified Clonidine Testing for Growth Hormone Stimulation Reveals alpha2-Adrenoreceptor Sub Sensitivity in Children with Idiopathic Growth Hormone Deficiency. Clonidine 9-18 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 31-45 26254859-6 2015 The alpha2A-AR agonist clonidine was less effective in alpha2A-KO mice in both assays. Clonidine 23-32 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 4-14 26254859-6 2015 The alpha2A-AR agonist clonidine was less effective in alpha2A-KO mice in both assays. Clonidine 23-32 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 4-11 26352794-6 2015 Statistical analysis of the temporospatial factor scores indicated that in most conditions the amplitude of the classic P300 was increased by clonidine and scopolamine. Clonidine 142-151 E1A binding protein p300 Homo sapiens 120-124 26485273-0 2015 Correction: Modified Clonidine Testing for Growth Hormone Stimulation Reveals alpha2-Adrenoreceptor Sub Sensitivity in Children with Idiopathic Growth Hormone Deficiency. Clonidine 21-30 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 43-57 25689923-4 2015 The present study investigated the potential influence of noradrenergic alpha2 receptor agonist clonidine on ERK1/2 activity. Clonidine 96-105 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mus musculus 109-115 25689923-8 2015 Pretreatment with pertussis toxin abolished the inhibitory effect of clonidine on ERK1/2, suggesting the involvement of Gialpha subunit (Gi protein). Clonidine 69-78 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mus musculus 82-88 25689923-9 2015 Noradrenergic alpha2 receptor/Gi protein might repress ERK1/2 through cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) pathway, because direct ERK1/2 activation by PKA agonist forskolin was also suppressed by clonidine. Clonidine 196-205 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mus musculus 55-61 25689923-9 2015 Noradrenergic alpha2 receptor/Gi protein might repress ERK1/2 through cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) pathway, because direct ERK1/2 activation by PKA agonist forskolin was also suppressed by clonidine. Clonidine 196-205 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mus musculus 130-136 25689923-11 2015 By reducing PKA-mediated phosphorylation of STEP61 at Ser221, clonidine significantly resumed the inhibition conferred by STEP61 on ERK1/2. Clonidine 62-71 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mus musculus 132-138 25689923-12 2015 Direct expression of STEP61 mutant devoid of Ser221 phosphorylation mimicked clonidine by inhibiting ERK1/2 and pain sensitization in CFA-injected mice. Clonidine 77-86 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mus musculus 101-107 25689923-13 2015 CONCLUSION: The analgesic action produced by noradrenergic alpha2 receptor agonist clonidine involved the reversal of ERK1/2 hyperactivity in spinal dorsal horn of inflamed mice. Clonidine 83-92 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mus musculus 118-124 26357864-3 2015 We hypothesized that symptoms as well as the underlying pathophysiology might improve by treatment with the alpha2A-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine. Clonidine 137-146 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 108-128 26297663-8 2015 Growth hormone stimulation tests showed a low response to clonidine and insulin. Clonidine 58-67 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 25433180-5 2015 In the present study, we assessed the effects of clonidine (0.05 mg/kg) and methylphenidate (5 mg/kg) on motor activity in Fmr1 KO mice and their WT littermates in the open field test. Clonidine 49-58 fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 Mus musculus 123-127 26664878-6 2015 Clonidine improved these outcomes throughout the observation period in ETB-deficient rats, but only during the delayed phase in wild-type rats. Clonidine 0-9 endothelin receptor type B Rattus norvegicus 71-74 26664878-9 2015 ETB-receptor deficiency potentiates the sympatholytic effects of clonidine and aggravates heart failure. Clonidine 65-74 endothelin receptor type B Rattus norvegicus 0-3 25641668-0 2015 Clonidine ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via up-regulation of the GABABR1 and GAD67 in hippocampal CA1 in rats. Clonidine 0-9 gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 110-117 25641668-0 2015 Clonidine ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via up-regulation of the GABABR1 and GAD67 in hippocampal CA1 in rats. Clonidine 0-9 glutamate decarboxylase 1 Rattus norvegicus 122-127 25641668-0 2015 Clonidine ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via up-regulation of the GABABR1 and GAD67 in hippocampal CA1 in rats. Clonidine 0-9 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 143-146 25641668-11 2015 These findings demonstrated that clonidine could ameliorate cognitive deficits and neuronal impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via up-regulation of GABABR1 and GAD67 in hippocampal CA1. Clonidine 33-42 gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 166-173 25641668-11 2015 These findings demonstrated that clonidine could ameliorate cognitive deficits and neuronal impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via up-regulation of GABABR1 and GAD67 in hippocampal CA1. Clonidine 33-42 glutamate decarboxylase 1 Rattus norvegicus 178-183 25641668-11 2015 These findings demonstrated that clonidine could ameliorate cognitive deficits and neuronal impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via up-regulation of GABABR1 and GAD67 in hippocampal CA1. Clonidine 33-42 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 199-202 25433180-7 2015 Clonidine decreased motor activity in both genotypes, but the effect was delayed in the Fmr1 KO mice. Clonidine 0-9 fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 Mus musculus 88-92 25207609-8 2014 The primary management paradigm for NBS is a structured opioid withdrawal program accompanied by centrally acting adjunctive therapy comprising antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and clonidine to target pain, anxiety, and depression, and prevent withdrawal effects, in addition to peripherally acting agents such as laxatives (e.g., osmotic laxatives and chloride channel activators) to control transient constipation. Clonidine 182-191 nibrin Homo sapiens 36-39 26328487-0 2015 Clonidine Reduces Nociceptive Responses in Mouse Orofacial Formalin Model: Potentiation by Sigma-1 Receptor Antagonist BD1047 without Impaired Motor Coordination. Clonidine 0-9 sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 Mus musculus 91-107 26632178-0 2015 Resveratrol Ameliorates Clonidine-Induced Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation Involving Akt and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Regulation in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Clonidine 24-33 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 85-88 26632178-0 2015 Resveratrol Ameliorates Clonidine-Induced Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation Involving Akt and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Regulation in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Clonidine 24-33 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 93-126 26632178-11 2015 Interestingly, the phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS was increased under stimulation with RV and clonidine only in diabetic mice. Clonidine 95-104 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 38-41 26632178-12 2015 Thus, either RV or clonidine causes Akt-dependent NO-mediated relaxation, which is weaker in diabetic mice than controls. Clonidine 19-28 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 36-39 26632178-13 2015 However, additional exposure to RV and clonidine has an augmenting effect on the Akt/eNOS signaling pathway under diabetic conditions. Clonidine 39-48 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 81-84 26632178-14 2015 RV-induced Akt/eNOS activity may be a common link involved in the clonidine-induced Akt/eNOS activity, so RV and clonidine may have a synergistic effect. Clonidine 66-75 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 11-14 26632178-14 2015 RV-induced Akt/eNOS activity may be a common link involved in the clonidine-induced Akt/eNOS activity, so RV and clonidine may have a synergistic effect. Clonidine 66-75 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 84-87 26632178-14 2015 RV-induced Akt/eNOS activity may be a common link involved in the clonidine-induced Akt/eNOS activity, so RV and clonidine may have a synergistic effect. Clonidine 113-122 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 11-14 26632178-14 2015 RV-induced Akt/eNOS activity may be a common link involved in the clonidine-induced Akt/eNOS activity, so RV and clonidine may have a synergistic effect. Clonidine 113-122 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 84-87 25538882-10 2014 The peak GH response to clonidine provocation test did not differ before (n = 42) versus after 9 years (n = 32) of age. Clonidine 24-33 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 9-11 24572430-10 2014 RESULTS: Methyldopa, labetalol, hydralazine, and clonidine increased trophoblast integration into TNF-alpha-preincubated endothelial cellular networks. Clonidine 49-58 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 98-107 24877722-12 2014 Also, neuron specific enolase (NSE) was significantly elevated in clonidine group. Clonidine 66-75 enolase 2 Rattus norvegicus 6-29 24877722-12 2014 Also, neuron specific enolase (NSE) was significantly elevated in clonidine group. Clonidine 66-75 enolase 2 Rattus norvegicus 31-34 24877722-13 2014 In contrast, I3C pre-treatment significantly attenuated clonidine-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, decreased NSE expression and increased levels of monoamines. Clonidine 56-65 enolase 2 Rattus norvegicus 127-130 24882610-8 2014 The effects of clonidine and guanfacine were significantly blocked by pretreatment with an adrenergic alpha2A receptor antagonist. Clonidine 15-24 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 91-118 24106334-0 2014 Clonidine normalizes levels of P50 gating in patients with schizophrenia on stable medication. Clonidine 0-9 nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 Homo sapiens 31-34 24106334-3 2014 In the current study, we investigated whether this result is generalizable to filtering of sensory information as a whole, by examining clonidine"s effect on P50 suppression in the same group of patients. Clonidine 136-145 nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 Homo sapiens 158-161 24106334-8 2014 CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to show that even a single low dose of clonidine administered to stably medicated patients with schizophrenia not only significantly increases their levels of P50 suppression but also normalizes them. Clonidine 76-85 nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 Homo sapiens 196-199 24613724-7 2014 In contrast, E2BSA or STX rapidly and dose-dependently attenuated clonidine-induced increase in TFL. Clonidine 66-75 ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2 Rattus norvegicus 22-25 24613724-11 2014 In vivo inhibition of ERK with U0126 blocked the effect of STX and restored clonidine antinociception. Clonidine 76-85 Eph receptor B1 Rattus norvegicus 22-25 24603718-6 2014 FGF21 was unaffected by basal sympathetic inhibition (338+-113 vs. 295+-80 pg/mL; P = 0.43; mean+-SE), but was increased during hypoxia mediated sympathetic activation (368+-135); this response was abrogated (P = 0.035) with clonidine (269+-93). Clonidine 225-234 fibroblast growth factor 21 Homo sapiens 0-5 24927347-5 2014 Serum levels of basal and clonidine stimulated GH were measured using radioimmunoassay while IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were measured by ELISA. Clonidine 26-35 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 47-49 24493300-13 2014 During intervention, the clonidine group had a lower number of steps per day (mean difference, -637 steps; P = .07), lower plasma norepinephrine level (mean difference, -42 pg/mL; P = .01), and lower serum C-reactive protein concentration (mean ratio, 0.69; P = .02) compared with the CFS placebo group. Clonidine 25-34 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 206-224 24374198-4 2014 Our data showed that intraplantar injection of Complete Freund"s Adjuvant (CFA) substantially enhanced CaMKII autophosphorylation at Threonine 286, which could be abolished by intrathecal administration of alpha2 noradrenergic receptor agonist clonidine. Clonidine 244-253 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha Mus musculus 103-109 24129834-11 2014 At high serum concentrations, the pharmacodynamic effects of clonidine appear to cause significant peripheral alpha-1 adrenergic stimulation. Clonidine 61-70 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 110-117 24374198-6 2014 We found that pharmacological activation of PKA in intact mice also enhanced spinal CaMKII autophosphorylation level, which was completely antagonized by clonidine. Clonidine 154-163 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha Mus musculus 84-90 24374198-9 2014 Consistent with this notion, spinal treatment with protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid ruled out clonidine-mediated CaMKII dephosphorylation in CFA-injected mice. Clonidine 104-113 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha Mus musculus 123-129 24374198-10 2014 Through PKA/protein phosphatase/CaMKII pathway, clonidine noticeably decreased CFA-evoked phosphorylation of N-methyl-d-aspartate subtype glutamate receptor GluN1 and GluN2B subunit as well as alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic Acid subtype glutamate receptor GluA1 subunit. Clonidine 48-57 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha Mus musculus 32-38 24374198-10 2014 Through PKA/protein phosphatase/CaMKII pathway, clonidine noticeably decreased CFA-evoked phosphorylation of N-methyl-d-aspartate subtype glutamate receptor GluN1 and GluN2B subunit as well as alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic Acid subtype glutamate receptor GluA1 subunit. Clonidine 48-57 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1) Mus musculus 157-162 24374198-10 2014 Through PKA/protein phosphatase/CaMKII pathway, clonidine noticeably decreased CFA-evoked phosphorylation of N-methyl-d-aspartate subtype glutamate receptor GluN1 and GluN2B subunit as well as alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic Acid subtype glutamate receptor GluA1 subunit. Clonidine 48-57 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2) Mus musculus 167-173 24374198-10 2014 Through PKA/protein phosphatase/CaMKII pathway, clonidine noticeably decreased CFA-evoked phosphorylation of N-methyl-d-aspartate subtype glutamate receptor GluN1 and GluN2B subunit as well as alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic Acid subtype glutamate receptor GluA1 subunit. Clonidine 48-57 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA1 (alpha 1) Mus musculus 277-282 24103367-4 2014 Whole-cell patch clamp recordings in lamina II neurons illustrated that clonidine significantly decreased the amplitudes of NMDAR-mediated monosynaptic responses in inflamed mice through activation of alpha2A-subtype adrenoceptor. Clonidine 72-81 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1) Mus musculus 124-129 24103367-6 2014 Intracellular loading of nonhydrolyzable GDP analog GDP-beta-S blocked, whereas direct inhibition of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) mimicked, the inhibitory effect of clonidine on NMDAR currents, implicating that Galphai protein/PKA signaling was involved in clonidine action. Clonidine 172-181 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1) Mus musculus 185-190 24103367-7 2014 Biochemical analysis in vivo revealed that intrathecal clonidine administration specifically decreased the content of GluN2B subunit-containing NMDAR at synaptosomal membrane fraction, a result associated closely with the alleviation of inflammatory pain. Clonidine 55-64 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2) Mus musculus 118-124 24103367-7 2014 Biochemical analysis in vivo revealed that intrathecal clonidine administration specifically decreased the content of GluN2B subunit-containing NMDAR at synaptosomal membrane fraction, a result associated closely with the alleviation of inflammatory pain. Clonidine 55-64 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1) Mus musculus 144-149 24103367-8 2014 Electrophysiological recordings in vitro further demonstrated that GluN2B receptor-selective inhibitor ifenprodil dramatically reduced NMDAR synaptic responses in inflamed mice and more importantly, occluded the synaptic inhibition produced by clonidine. Clonidine 244-253 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA2B (epsilon 2) Mus musculus 67-73 24333661-12 2014 Whereas, administration of moxonidine and clonidine significantly attenuated 2VO induced learning and memory deficits, brain damage, brain oxidative stress and higher AChE activity. Clonidine 42-51 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 167-171 23712005-2 2013 It is known that imidazoline and alpha2-adrenoceptors are involved in clonidine antinociception. Clonidine 70-79 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 33-53 23888314-0 2013 Clonidine and glucagon stimulation for testing growth hormone secretion in children and adolescents: can we make it with fewer samples? Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 47-61 23975095-0 2013 Clonidine suppresses the induction of long-term potentiation by inhibiting HCN channels at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse in anesthetized adult rats. Clonidine 0-9 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 75-78 23975095-0 2013 Clonidine suppresses the induction of long-term potentiation by inhibiting HCN channels at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse in anesthetized adult rats. Clonidine 0-9 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 115-118 23975095-10 2013 In conclusion, clonidine can suppress the induction of LTP at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse, and the possible mechanism is that activation of presynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptors reduces the Glu release by inhibiting HCN channels. Clonidine 15-24 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 86-89 23975095-10 2013 In conclusion, clonidine can suppress the induction of LTP at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse, and the possible mechanism is that activation of presynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptors reduces the Glu release by inhibiting HCN channels. Clonidine 15-24 cyclic nucleotide gated channel subunit alpha 1 Rattus norvegicus 219-222 24055020-9 2013 alpha2-AR Idazoxan prevented IL-2 production in the absence and presence of estrogen, and reversed clonidine-induced increase in NO production and p-ERK and p-Akt expression in the presence of estrogen. Clonidine 99-108 Eph receptor B1 Rattus norvegicus 149-152 24055020-9 2013 alpha2-AR Idazoxan prevented IL-2 production in the absence and presence of estrogen, and reversed clonidine-induced increase in NO production and p-ERK and p-Akt expression in the presence of estrogen. Clonidine 99-108 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 159-162 24223972-8 2013 Coadministration of s-ketamine or clonidine resulted in a reversal of the mechanical hyperalgesia and inhibited the normalization of NMDAR1 mRNA expression but had no effect on the expression of Arrb2 mRNA. Clonidine 34-43 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, NMDA1 (zeta 1) Mus musculus 133-139 24015042-7 2013 BMI SDS correlated negatively with ln peak GH level induced by clonidine but not by dopamine. Clonidine 63-72 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 43-45 24015042-8 2013 In stepwise multivariate regression analysis, BMI SDS was the only significant predictor of ln peak GH level in the combination of tests and the clonidine test, but not in the dopamine test. Clonidine 145-154 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 100-102 23322583-5 2013 Growth hormone (GH): Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis was evaluated by GH stimulation test by insulin tolerance and clonidine stimulation test, among other hormonal assays. Clonidine 125-134 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 23891830-0 2013 Genetic inactivation of pleiotrophin but not midkine potentiates clonidine-induced alpha-2 adrenergic-mediated analgesia. Clonidine 65-74 pleiotrophin Mus musculus 24-36 23891830-5 2013 In contrast, we found that clonidine-induced analgesia was significantly enhanced in PTN-/- mice compared to MK-/- and WT+/+ mice in the tail-immersion test. Clonidine 27-36 pleiotrophin Mus musculus 85-88 23891830-5 2013 In contrast, we found that clonidine-induced analgesia was significantly enhanced in PTN-/- mice compared to MK-/- and WT+/+ mice in the tail-immersion test. Clonidine 27-36 midkine Mus musculus 109-111 23322583-5 2013 Growth hormone (GH): Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis was evaluated by GH stimulation test by insulin tolerance and clonidine stimulation test, among other hormonal assays. Clonidine 125-134 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 21-49 23322583-5 2013 Growth hormone (GH): Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis was evaluated by GH stimulation test by insulin tolerance and clonidine stimulation test, among other hormonal assays. Clonidine 125-134 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 51-56 23603244-5 2013 Pre-test intra-CA1 administration of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (0.5 and 1 mug/mouse) impaired memory retention, although the low dose of the drug (0.25 mug/mouse) did not affect memory retention. Clonidine 69-78 carbonic anhydrase 1 Mus musculus 15-18 23499689-4 2013 Clonidine, moxonidine and rilmenidine inhibited the EFS-induced gastric contractions in a concentration dependent manner in WT, alpha2B- and alpha2C-adrenoceptor KO mice, whereas they had no or only weak effect in alpha2A-adrenoceptor KO mice. Clonidine 0-9 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2b Mus musculus 128-135 23040084-11 2013 Finally, potency of clonidine and morphine inhibiting LC activity was reduced in GIRK2 mutant mice, although the efficacy remained unchanged. Clonidine 20-29 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 6 Mus musculus 81-86 23795255-6 2013 CONCLUSION: We conclude that the combined clonidine+insulin test is a feasible, reliable, convenient, time saving, and safe tool for evaluation of the growth hormone (GH) axes than the clonidine test or ITT. Clonidine 42-51 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 151-165 23795255-6 2013 CONCLUSION: We conclude that the combined clonidine+insulin test is a feasible, reliable, convenient, time saving, and safe tool for evaluation of the growth hormone (GH) axes than the clonidine test or ITT. Clonidine 42-51 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 167-169 23047422-6 2013 In contrast, clonidine at <10(-9) M increased IL-6, while at >10(-5) M increased IL-1beta and decreased TNF-alpha levels. Clonidine 13-22 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 49-53 23047422-6 2013 In contrast, clonidine at <10(-9) M increased IL-6, while at >10(-5) M increased IL-1beta and decreased TNF-alpha levels. Clonidine 13-22 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 87-95 23047422-6 2013 In contrast, clonidine at <10(-9) M increased IL-6, while at >10(-5) M increased IL-1beta and decreased TNF-alpha levels. Clonidine 13-22 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 110-119 23499689-4 2013 Clonidine, moxonidine and rilmenidine inhibited the EFS-induced gastric contractions in a concentration dependent manner in WT, alpha2B- and alpha2C-adrenoceptor KO mice, whereas they had no or only weak effect in alpha2A-adrenoceptor KO mice. Clonidine 0-9 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2c Mus musculus 141-161 23499689-4 2013 Clonidine, moxonidine and rilmenidine inhibited the EFS-induced gastric contractions in a concentration dependent manner in WT, alpha2B- and alpha2C-adrenoceptor KO mice, whereas they had no or only weak effect in alpha2A-adrenoceptor KO mice. Clonidine 0-9 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 214-221 23297214-6 2013 In contrast, clonidine-activated alpha(2A)AR were switched by voltage even under fully saturating concentrations, and the kinetics of this switch was notably faster than dissociation of clonidine from alpha(2A)AR, indicating voltage-dependent regulation of the efficacy. Clonidine 13-22 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 33-44 23355638-5 2013 For verification, the disposition of CYP1A2-metabolized drug theophylline (THEO) and CYP2D6-metabolized drugs paroxetine (PAR), dextromethorphan (DEX), and clonidine (CLO) during pregnancy was predicted. Clonidine 167-170 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 85-91 24023592-0 2013 Growth hormone response to clonidine administration for evaluation of autonomic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 24023592-1 2013 UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to assess the dynamic serum growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine administration in multiple sclerosis patients, looking for a possible biomarker of degenerative process and to correlative with disability. Clonidine 103-112 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 71-85 24023592-1 2013 UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to assess the dynamic serum growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine administration in multiple sclerosis patients, looking for a possible biomarker of degenerative process and to correlative with disability. Clonidine 103-112 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 87-89 24023592-5 2013 CONCLUSION: Despite the small number of subjects enrolled in this pilot study, there is a tendency of blunted GH response in patients with more severe physical disability (stated by an increased value of EDSS), suggesting that GH response to clonidine could assess central autonomic dysfunction in MS patients. Clonidine 242-251 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 110-112 24023592-5 2013 CONCLUSION: Despite the small number of subjects enrolled in this pilot study, there is a tendency of blunted GH response in patients with more severe physical disability (stated by an increased value of EDSS), suggesting that GH response to clonidine could assess central autonomic dysfunction in MS patients. Clonidine 242-251 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 227-229 23297214-6 2013 In contrast, clonidine-activated alpha(2A)AR were switched by voltage even under fully saturating concentrations, and the kinetics of this switch was notably faster than dissociation of clonidine from alpha(2A)AR, indicating voltage-dependent regulation of the efficacy. Clonidine 13-22 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 201-212 23297214-6 2013 In contrast, clonidine-activated alpha(2A)AR were switched by voltage even under fully saturating concentrations, and the kinetics of this switch was notably faster than dissociation of clonidine from alpha(2A)AR, indicating voltage-dependent regulation of the efficacy. Clonidine 186-195 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 33-44 23297214-6 2013 In contrast, clonidine-activated alpha(2A)AR were switched by voltage even under fully saturating concentrations, and the kinetics of this switch was notably faster than dissociation of clonidine from alpha(2A)AR, indicating voltage-dependent regulation of the efficacy. Clonidine 186-195 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 201-212 22147655-5 2012 Beta-blockers, alpha-methyldopa, clonidine, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs suppress renin, raising the ARR with potential for false positives. Clonidine 33-42 renin Homo sapiens 94-99 22925038-12 2013 CONCLUSION: GRK2 plays a key role in modulating the aortic vasodilator effect of clonidine by selectively affecting the Akt/eNOS pathway. Clonidine 81-90 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Mus musculus 12-16 22925038-12 2013 CONCLUSION: GRK2 plays a key role in modulating the aortic vasodilator effect of clonidine by selectively affecting the Akt/eNOS pathway. Clonidine 81-90 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 120-123 23565409-11 2012 He was biochemically euthyroid and GH stimulation testing with clonidine (0.15 mg/m(2)) showed low GH levels at 30", 60", and 90" were 1.7, 1.6, and 1.1ng/ml, respectively. Clonidine 63-72 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 35-37 23565409-11 2012 He was biochemically euthyroid and GH stimulation testing with clonidine (0.15 mg/m(2)) showed low GH levels at 30", 60", and 90" were 1.7, 1.6, and 1.1ng/ml, respectively. Clonidine 63-72 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 99-101 23123691-1 2012 OBJECTIVE: Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, has been used to treat Tourette syndrome (TS) for nearly 3 decades. Clonidine 11-20 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 25-32 23087879-5 2012 Therefore a growth hormone stimulation test with Clonidine was performed which confirmed complete GH deficiency (at 0 min=0.16 mug/l, 60 min=0.27 mug/l, 120 min=4.73 mug/l). Clonidine 49-58 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 12-26 22645144-7 2012 The role of the mTOR pathway in metabolic homeostasis led us to a second important finding in this study; retrospective analysis of clinical data showed that co-administration of rapamycin and clonidine was associated with an increased incidence of new-onset diabetes in renal transplantation patients over those receiving rapamycin alone. Clonidine 193-202 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 16-20 22713420-6 2013 The alpha-2 agonist Clonidine is amongst the agents with the most favourable efficacy-versus-adverse events ratio, especially in patients with co-morbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, although effect sizes vary evidence-based studies. Clonidine 20-29 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 4-11 23965801-7 2013 Ameliorated ACh- and clonidine-induced vasodilation was closely associated with increased Akt activity and in turn endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation. Clonidine 21-30 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 90-93 22987052-12 2012 In local circulation, clonidine decreases IL-6 (P = 0.044) but does not influence IL-1beta (P = 0.113). Clonidine 22-31 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 42-46 22871021-9 2012 CONCLUSION: Clonidine 50 mug BID seems to be safe enough to proceed from a pilot study to a controlled trial in a select group of adolescents with CFS (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01040429). Clonidine 12-21 BH3 interacting domain death agonist Homo sapiens 29-32 22581458-5 2012 The GRK2 inhibitor significantly improved clonidine-induced relaxation only in diabetic (ob/ob and DM) mice, with accompanying attenuations of GRK2 activity and translocation to the plasma membrane. Clonidine 42-51 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Mus musculus 4-8 22581458-6 2012 These protective effects of the GRK2 inhibitor may be attributable to the augmented Akt/eNOS pathway activation (as evidenced by increases in Akt phosphorylation at Ser(473) and at Thr(308), and eNOS phosphorylation at Ser(1177)) and to the prevention of the GRK2 translocation and promotion of beta-arrestin 2 translocation to the membrane under clonidine stimulation. Clonidine 347-356 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Mus musculus 32-36 22581458-6 2012 These protective effects of the GRK2 inhibitor may be attributable to the augmented Akt/eNOS pathway activation (as evidenced by increases in Akt phosphorylation at Ser(473) and at Thr(308), and eNOS phosphorylation at Ser(1177)) and to the prevention of the GRK2 translocation and promotion of beta-arrestin 2 translocation to the membrane under clonidine stimulation. Clonidine 347-356 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 84-87 22581458-6 2012 These protective effects of the GRK2 inhibitor may be attributable to the augmented Akt/eNOS pathway activation (as evidenced by increases in Akt phosphorylation at Ser(473) and at Thr(308), and eNOS phosphorylation at Ser(1177)) and to the prevention of the GRK2 translocation and promotion of beta-arrestin 2 translocation to the membrane under clonidine stimulation. Clonidine 347-356 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 88-92 22581458-8 2012 Our work provides the first evidence that in diabetes, the GRK2 inhibitor ameliorates vascular endothelial dysfunction via the Akt/eNOS pathway by inhibiting GRK2 activity and enhancing beta-arrestin 2 translocation under clonidine stimulation, thereby contributing to a blood pressure-lowering effect. Clonidine 222-231 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Mus musculus 59-63 22581458-8 2012 Our work provides the first evidence that in diabetes, the GRK2 inhibitor ameliorates vascular endothelial dysfunction via the Akt/eNOS pathway by inhibiting GRK2 activity and enhancing beta-arrestin 2 translocation under clonidine stimulation, thereby contributing to a blood pressure-lowering effect. Clonidine 222-231 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 127-130 22581458-8 2012 Our work provides the first evidence that in diabetes, the GRK2 inhibitor ameliorates vascular endothelial dysfunction via the Akt/eNOS pathway by inhibiting GRK2 activity and enhancing beta-arrestin 2 translocation under clonidine stimulation, thereby contributing to a blood pressure-lowering effect. Clonidine 222-231 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 131-135 22581458-8 2012 Our work provides the first evidence that in diabetes, the GRK2 inhibitor ameliorates vascular endothelial dysfunction via the Akt/eNOS pathway by inhibiting GRK2 activity and enhancing beta-arrestin 2 translocation under clonidine stimulation, thereby contributing to a blood pressure-lowering effect. Clonidine 222-231 arrestin, beta 2 Mus musculus 186-201 26105365-6 2012 OBJECTIVES: This study is to examine the effect of pharmacological dose of anti-hypertensive hydralazine, clonidine and labetalol on trophoblast cell integration into inflammatory TNF-a pre-exposed endothelial cellular networks. Clonidine 106-115 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 180-185 26105365-14 2012 RESULTS: When HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells were co-cultured with TNF-a pre-incubated endothelial cells, hydralazine and clonidine can significantly increase the trophoblast integration into endothelial cellular networks. Clonidine 121-130 telomerase RNA component Homo sapiens 14-17 26105365-14 2012 RESULTS: When HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells were co-cultured with TNF-a pre-incubated endothelial cells, hydralazine and clonidine can significantly increase the trophoblast integration into endothelial cellular networks. Clonidine 121-130 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 66-71 22474555-6 2012 RESULTS: Clonidine reduced the EAAT3 responses to L-glutamate in a concentration-dependent manner. Clonidine 9-18 solute carrier family 1 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 31-36 22474555-9 2012 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the direct inhibition of EAAT3 activity is not related to the sedation effect of clonidine and that the clonidine-induced reduction of EAAT3 activity provides additional data for the possible involvement of glutamatergic hyperactivity in the proconvulsant effect of clonidine. Clonidine 144-153 solute carrier family 1 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 175-180 22474555-0 2012 Effects of clonidine on the activity of the rat glutamate transporter EAAT3 expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Clonidine 11-20 solute carrier family 1 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 70-75 22474555-9 2012 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the direct inhibition of EAAT3 activity is not related to the sedation effect of clonidine and that the clonidine-induced reduction of EAAT3 activity provides additional data for the possible involvement of glutamatergic hyperactivity in the proconvulsant effect of clonidine. Clonidine 144-153 solute carrier family 1 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 175-180 22474555-2 2012 The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of clonidine on the activity of EAAT3 that can regulate extracellular glutamate. Clonidine 55-64 solute carrier family 1 member 1 Rattus norvegicus 84-89 21664915-1 2011 It has recently been shown that clonidine suppresses itch-related responses via its action on alpha(2)-adrenoceptors in the spinal cord, raising the possibility that the descending noradrenergic system regulates itch signaling in the spinal cord. Clonidine 32-41 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2b Mus musculus 94-116 21963947-4 2011 This was confirmed by measuring a reduction in CCL2/MCP-1 production by the treatment with the alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine. Clonidine 130-139 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 Rattus norvegicus 47-51 21963947-4 2011 This was confirmed by measuring a reduction in CCL2/MCP-1 production by the treatment with the alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine. Clonidine 130-139 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 Rattus norvegicus 52-57 21571071-11 2011 The phosphorylation of Akt at Thr308 was significantly normalized and the phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1177 tended to be increased by GRK2-inhibitor in the clonidine-stimulated diabetics. Clonidine 157-166 nitric oxide synthase 3, endothelial cell Mus musculus 93-97 21571071-11 2011 The phosphorylation of Akt at Thr308 was significantly normalized and the phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1177 tended to be increased by GRK2-inhibitor in the clonidine-stimulated diabetics. Clonidine 157-166 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Mus musculus 135-139 22490962-0 2012 [Clonidine and dexmedetomidine"s effect on the altered expressions of growth associated protein-43 mRNA in rat dorsal root ganglion during the development of chronic neuropathic pain]. Clonidine 1-10 growth associated protein 43 Rattus norvegicus 70-98 22297020-9 2012 RESULTS: In our study, clonidine administered alone in the SLPB seems promising, maintaining intraoperatively the hemodynamic parameters SAP, DAP, HR to the lower normal values so that no patient needed nalbuphine under 0.6 MAC sevoflurane anesthesia, and postoperatively without analgesic request for a median time of 6 hours. Clonidine 23-32 death associated protein Homo sapiens 142-145 21863234-6 2012 DA release induced by disulfiram-cocaine combination in the mPF cortex was prevented by clonidine but not by quinpirole. Clonidine 88-97 mesothelin Mus musculus 60-63 21797890-5 2012 The postsynaptic DRD2 function was measured by the growth hormone (GH) response to apomorphine (APO) and the postsynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptor function by GH response to clonidine (CLON). Clonidine 169-178 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 154-156 22429354-1 2012 OBJECTIVE: This double-blind, prospective, randomized, controlled trial examined the effects of thoracic epidural block and intravenous clonidine and opioid treatment on the postoperative Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio after lung surgery. Clonidine 136-145 negative elongation factor complex member C/D Homo sapiens 188-191 22450629-0 2012 Good response to clonidine in tourette syndrome associated with chromosomal translocation involving the IMMP2L gene. Clonidine 17-26 inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase subunit 2 Homo sapiens 104-110 22517235-0 2012 Clonidine-induced growth hormone and growth-hormone-releasing hormone release is mediated by tachykinin NK2 receptors in sheep. Clonidine 0-9 somatotropin Ovis aries 18-32 22517235-0 2012 Clonidine-induced growth hormone and growth-hormone-releasing hormone release is mediated by tachykinin NK2 receptors in sheep. Clonidine 0-9 LOC780526 Ovis aries 37-69 22517235-3 2012 Afterwards, it has been reported that clonidine stimulated growth hormone (GH) release in many species including man. Clonidine 38-47 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 59-73 22517235-3 2012 Afterwards, it has been reported that clonidine stimulated growth hormone (GH) release in many species including man. Clonidine 38-47 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 75-77 22517235-4 2012 Using a transnasal surgery technique in awake sheep that allowed accessing hypothalamopituitary portal vessels, our laboratory previously reported that the injection of clonidine in sheep induced a significant, immediate and short-lasting increase in peripheral GH and portal GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) levels. Clonidine 169-178 somatotropin Ovis aries 262-264 22517235-4 2012 Using a transnasal surgery technique in awake sheep that allowed accessing hypothalamopituitary portal vessels, our laboratory previously reported that the injection of clonidine in sheep induced a significant, immediate and short-lasting increase in peripheral GH and portal GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) levels. Clonidine 169-178 somatoliberin Ovis aries 276-296 22517235-4 2012 Using a transnasal surgery technique in awake sheep that allowed accessing hypothalamopituitary portal vessels, our laboratory previously reported that the injection of clonidine in sheep induced a significant, immediate and short-lasting increase in peripheral GH and portal GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) levels. Clonidine 169-178 somatoliberin Ovis aries 298-302 22517235-5 2012 In this study, we show that the clonidine-induced peripheral GH and portal GHRH increase in sheep appears to be mediated by the tachykinin NK2 receptor. Clonidine 32-41 somatotropin Ovis aries 61-63 22517235-5 2012 In this study, we show that the clonidine-induced peripheral GH and portal GHRH increase in sheep appears to be mediated by the tachykinin NK2 receptor. Clonidine 32-41 somatoliberin Ovis aries 75-79 21816147-9 2011 The effect of clonidine was antagonized by the non-selective antagonist yohimbine (25 nmol) and the alpha(2B/C)-adrenoceptor antagonist ARC 239 (10.4 nmol), but not by the alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor antagonist BRL 44408 (7.5 nmol). Clonidine 14-23 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2b Mus musculus 100-108 21571071-9 2011 In the diabetics, the clonidine-induced responses (but not the insulin-induced ones) were enhanced by GRK2-inhibitor. Clonidine 22-31 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Mus musculus 102-106 21571071-10 2011 Akt phosphorylation was markedly below control in the clonidine-stimulated diabetes. Clonidine 54-63 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 0-3 21571071-11 2011 The phosphorylation of Akt at Thr308 was significantly normalized and the phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1177 tended to be increased by GRK2-inhibitor in the clonidine-stimulated diabetics. Clonidine 157-166 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 23-26 20951695-0 2011 Clonidine inhibits itch-related response through stimulation of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors in the spinal cord in mice. Clonidine 0-9 itchy, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase Mus musculus 19-23 21521260-0 2011 Effect of body mass index on the growth hormone response to clonidine stimulation testing in children with short stature. Clonidine 60-69 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 33-47 21521260-3 2011 The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BMI on the GH response to clonidine in a large number of children with short stature. Clonidine 81-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 66-68 21521260-4 2011 DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective study on the GH response to clonidine in a single centre. Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 50-52 21521260-7 2011 In univariate regression analysis, the peak GH after clonidine was negatively correlated with BMI-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) and positively correlated with height velocity-SDS and IGF-I-SDS. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 44-46 21521260-7 2011 In univariate regression analysis, the peak GH after clonidine was negatively correlated with BMI-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) and positively correlated with height velocity-SDS and IGF-I-SDS. Clonidine 53-62 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 188-193 21521260-12 2011 CONCLUSIONS: BMI affects the GH response to clonidine in children with short stature and should be considered when interpreting the results to the stimulation test. Clonidine 44-53 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-31 21324347-2 2011 In order to evaluate whether the inhibitory action of clonidine (an alpha2-adrenergic/imidazoline receptor agonist) on induced sodium intake is mediated by the beta-endorphinergic system, we used a beta-endorphin deficient mouse line. Clonidine 54-63 pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha Mus musculus 160-174 21447002-6 2011 alpha(2) -AR- or insulin-mediated glycogen turnover was inhibited by phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase inhibitors, and both insulin and clonidine caused phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3 in chick astrocytes. Clonidine 132-141 insulin Gallus gallus 17-24 21333706-5 2011 (iii) Clonidine and ST-91 inhibited the electrically induced gastric contractions in C57BL/6 wild type mice as well as in alpha(2B)- and alpha(2C)-adrenoceptor deficient mice in a concentration-dependent manner; however, neither of them was effective in alpha(2A)-deficient mice. Clonidine 6-15 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 254-262 21324347-5 2011 The results indicate that clonidine administration during the first stage of the test exerts an equivalent inhibition on sodium intake regardless of the genotype; however, in the final stage of the test, a reversal of the inhibitory response on induced sodium appetite becomes evident in the mice lacking beta-endorphin. Clonidine 26-35 pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha Mus musculus 305-319 21991736-11 2011 Significant decrease in plasma renin activity was seen in clonidine group (P = 0.001). Clonidine 58-67 renin Homo sapiens 31-36 20951695-1 2011 The present study investigated whether clonidine - an alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist known to relieve pain - is able to suppress itch-related behavior in mice. Clonidine 39-48 itchy, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase Mus musculus 128-132 21349805-0 2011 Ghrelin and growth hormone serum levels during the clonidine test in children with short stature and variable growth hormone status. Clonidine 51-60 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 12-26 21253359-5 2011 Importantly, the present work reveals that subthreshold alpha2-adrenergic activation with clonidine counteracts GLP-1 potentiation of glucose-induced insulin secretion. Clonidine 90-99 glucagon Rattus norvegicus 112-117 21349805-2 2011 The aim of the present study was 1) to investigate the effect of a substance promoting GH secretion (clonidine) on ghrelin levels in children with short stature with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and normal growth hormone (NGH), and 2) to assess possible correlations between GH and ghrelin values during the clonidine test. Clonidine 101-110 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 87-89 21349805-2 2011 The aim of the present study was 1) to investigate the effect of a substance promoting GH secretion (clonidine) on ghrelin levels in children with short stature with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and normal growth hormone (NGH), and 2) to assess possible correlations between GH and ghrelin values during the clonidine test. Clonidine 101-110 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 166-180 21349805-2 2011 The aim of the present study was 1) to investigate the effect of a substance promoting GH secretion (clonidine) on ghrelin levels in children with short stature with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and normal growth hormone (NGH), and 2) to assess possible correlations between GH and ghrelin values during the clonidine test. Clonidine 101-110 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 193-195 20833658-7 2010 RESULTS: Good clonidine responders had better natriuresis and diuresis as well as a significant decrease in abdominal circumference, plasma renin, aldosterone and norepinephrine levels. Clonidine 14-23 renin Homo sapiens 140-145 24826001-1 2010 Clonidine, a alpha2 adrenoreceptor agonist induces dose dependent catalepsy in mice, which was inhibited by histamine H1 receptor antagonists but not by H2 receptor antagonist. Clonidine 0-9 histamine receptor H1 Mus musculus 108-129 21389745-3 2011 The present study was carried out to study the role of ET(A) and imidazoline/alpha(2) adrenergic receptors in body temperature effects of morphine, oxycodone, and clonidine in rats. Clonidine 163-172 endothelin receptor type A Rattus norvegicus 55-60 20833658-11 2010 Besides higher baseline norepinephrine levels, the presence of both ARDA(2)C WD/DD and GNB3 CT/TT genotypes showed a positive predictive value of 82% and a negative predictive value of 79% for good clonidine response. Clonidine 198-207 G protein subunit beta 3 Homo sapiens 87-91 20064624-5 2010 Interestingly, pre-test intra-CA1 microinjection of alpha1-adrenergic agonist, phenylephrine (1 and 2 microg/rat) or alpha2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine improved post-training scopolamine (2 microg/rat)-induced retrieval impairment. Clonidine 144-153 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 30-33 20570945-0 2010 CYP2D6 mediates 4-hydroxylation of clonidine in vitro: implication for pregnancy-induced changes in clonidine clearance. Clonidine 35-44 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 0-6 20570945-0 2010 CYP2D6 mediates 4-hydroxylation of clonidine in vitro: implication for pregnancy-induced changes in clonidine clearance. Clonidine 100-109 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 0-6 20570945-5 2010 Selective inhibition studies in human liver microsomes confirmed that these isoforms are jointly responsible for 4-hydroxylation of clonidine in vitro, and CYP2D6 accounted for approximately two-thirds of the activity. Clonidine 132-141 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 156-162 20570945-6 2010 The major role of CYP2D6 in clonidine metabolism might explain the increase in its nonrenal clearance during pregnancy. Clonidine 28-37 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 18-24 20405138-9 2010 However, when the clonidine and arginine were applied combined, the contrast of the maximal average GH concentration in serum in two groups was markedly increased (5.02 +/- 1.12 vs. 10.75 +/- 1.11; P < 0.05) with a sensitivity and specificity of 73.91 and 92.31%, and the specificity was notably increased in the combined GH stimulation test. Clonidine 18-27 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 100-102 20405138-9 2010 However, when the clonidine and arginine were applied combined, the contrast of the maximal average GH concentration in serum in two groups was markedly increased (5.02 +/- 1.12 vs. 10.75 +/- 1.11; P < 0.05) with a sensitivity and specificity of 73.91 and 92.31%, and the specificity was notably increased in the combined GH stimulation test. Clonidine 18-27 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 322-324 20405138-10 2010 Compared to the arginine GH stimulation test, the clonidine GH stimulation displayed a higher sensitivity and specificity; combined GH stimulation test of clonidine plus arginine could significantly enhance the specificity in differential diagnosis of MSA-p from PD. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-62 20405138-10 2010 Compared to the arginine GH stimulation test, the clonidine GH stimulation displayed a higher sensitivity and specificity; combined GH stimulation test of clonidine plus arginine could significantly enhance the specificity in differential diagnosis of MSA-p from PD. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-62 20345427-5 2010 Our results indicate that in vas deferens of BDL animals, the concentration-response curve of both phenylephrine and clonidine shifted to rightward compared to control group, while the position of concentration-response curve of sham group did not change significantly (P > 0.05). Clonidine 117-126 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 29-32 20660048-12 2010 The ADRA2A agonist clonidine enhanced both basal and stimulated cortisol production. Clonidine 19-28 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 4-10 20660048-13 2010 Clonidine-induced increase in basal cortisol levels was blocked by the ADRA2A antagonist yohimbine. Clonidine 0-9 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 71-77 19028836-0 2010 Noradrenergic function in pathological gambling: blunted growth hormone response to clonidine. Clonidine 84-93 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 57-71 19028836-3 2010 The net effects of clonidine are a decrease in neurotransmission by depressing locus coeruleus activity and stimulation of GH secretion through activation of post-synaptic alpha2-adrenergic receptors in the hypothalamus. Clonidine 19-28 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 123-125 19028836-6 2010 The area under the curve for GH response to clonidine was significantly lower (separate variance t with 44.3 df = 2.626, P = 0.012, d = 0.58) in the PG group (199.6) than in the control group (426.3). Clonidine 44-53 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-31 19028836-7 2010 PG had significantly blunted GH responses compared with controls at 120 and 150 min post-clonidine. Clonidine 89-98 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-31 20007733-1 2010 BACKGROUND: A previous study from our laboratories showed that a significant reduction in spinal N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor NR1 subunit phosphorylation (pNR1) is associated with the antiallodynic effect produced by intrathecal (IT) injection of the alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine, in neuropathic rats. Clonidine 289-298 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 134-137 20028349-17 2010 Western blot analyses complemented the pharmacological evidence by demonstrating that clonidine-ethanol combination inhibits phosphorylation (activation) of nNOS (p-nNOS) and increases the level of phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS) in the LC; the change in p-nNOS was paralleled by similar change in LC p-ERK1/2. Clonidine 86-95 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 157-161 20028349-17 2010 Western blot analyses complemented the pharmacological evidence by demonstrating that clonidine-ethanol combination inhibits phosphorylation (activation) of nNOS (p-nNOS) and increases the level of phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS) in the LC; the change in p-nNOS was paralleled by similar change in LC p-ERK1/2. Clonidine 86-95 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 163-169 20028349-17 2010 Western blot analyses complemented the pharmacological evidence by demonstrating that clonidine-ethanol combination inhibits phosphorylation (activation) of nNOS (p-nNOS) and increases the level of phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS) in the LC; the change in p-nNOS was paralleled by similar change in LC p-ERK1/2. Clonidine 86-95 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 252-258 20028349-17 2010 Western blot analyses complemented the pharmacological evidence by demonstrating that clonidine-ethanol combination inhibits phosphorylation (activation) of nNOS (p-nNOS) and increases the level of phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS) in the LC; the change in p-nNOS was paralleled by similar change in LC p-ERK1/2. Clonidine 86-95 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 Rattus norvegicus 300-306 20028349-20 2010 A decrease in nNOS activity, due at least partly to a reduction in nNOS phosphorylation, mediates rotorod impairment, while enhanced eNOS activity contributes to LORR, elicited by clonidine-ethanol combination. Clonidine 180-189 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 14-18 20383941-6 2010 Administration of clonidine could decrease VR1 mRNA expression but not SP mRNA. Clonidine 18-27 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 Rattus norvegicus 43-46 20383941-8 2010 The inhibitory role of the selective alpha2 adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine on capsaicin-evoked SP release may be through decreasing VR1 mRNA levels then reducing the sensitivity of nociceptors to capsaicin. Clonidine 67-76 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 Rattus norvegicus 134-137 20007733-2 2010 In this study, we determined whether the spontaneous pain and increased pNR1 expression induced by NMDA injection are reduced by IT injection of either clonidine or the mu-opioid receptor agonist, [D-Ala2, NMe-Phe4, Gly-ol5]-enkephalin (DAMGO). Clonidine 152-161 proenkephalin Rattus norvegicus 225-235 20007733-10 2010 Furthermore, these findings suggest that the modulation of spinal NR1 phosphorylation is linked to the effect of IT clonidine on postsynaptic neuronal activity. Clonidine 116-125 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 66-69 20930377-9 2010 These results suggest that: a) in male diabetic mice, which exhibited low adiponectin levels, these were impairments of both the aortic relaxation and nitric oxide (NO) production induced by ACh, whereas b) in female diabetic mice, there were impairments of the aortic relaxations induced by both insulin and clonidine. Clonidine 309-318 adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing Mus musculus 74-85 18794888-7 2010 Administration of clonidine, an alpha2-adrenergic agonist that is frequently used to treat patients with Tourette"s syndrome, attenuated the anxiety-like behavior of Slitrk1-deficient mice in the elevated plus-maze test. Clonidine 18-27 SLIT and NTRK like family member 1 Homo sapiens 166-173 19276088-4 2009 We discovered a more rapid desensitization of Ca(2+) current suppression by clonidine than guanfacine, which paralleled a more marked receptor phosphorylation and endocytosis of alpha(2A)AR evoked by clonidine than by guanfacine. Clonidine 76-85 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 178-189 19846714-4 2009 We evaluated the ability of the DOP-selective agonist deltorphin II (DELT), the alpha(2)AR agonist clonidine (CLON) or their combination to inhibit calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release from spinal cord slices. Clonidine 99-108 calcitonin/calcitonin-related polypeptide, alpha Mus musculus 148-179 19556451-8 2009 Clonidine also inhibited both cAMP and Ca(2+)-induced decreases in apical Na(+) uptake and apical membrane NHE2 and NHE3 endocytosis stimulated by these agents. Clonidine 0-9 solute carrier family 9 member A2 Homo sapiens 107-111 19556451-8 2009 Clonidine also inhibited both cAMP and Ca(2+)-induced decreases in apical Na(+) uptake and apical membrane NHE2 and NHE3 endocytosis stimulated by these agents. Clonidine 0-9 solute carrier family 9 member A3 Homo sapiens 116-120 19520131-1 2009 The present study was to determine whether clonidine could induce calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) production and the underlying mechanisms. Clonidine 43-52 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 66-97 19520131-1 2009 The present study was to determine whether clonidine could induce calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) production and the underlying mechanisms. Clonidine 43-52 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 99-103 19520131-2 2009 Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with clonidine and the dose-effect or time-effect relationship of clonidine on CGRP production was examined. Clonidine 118-127 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 131-135 19520131-6 2009 The study showed that clonidine was able to induce CGRP mRNA (alpha- and beta-isoforms) expression in a dose-dependent manner in endothelial cells. Clonidine 22-31 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 51-55 19520131-7 2009 The effect of clonidine on endothelial cell-derived CGRP synthesis and secretion was attenuated in the presence of yohimbine. Clonidine 14-23 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 52-56 19520131-8 2009 L-NAME treatment could also inhibit clonidine-induced CGRP synthesis and secretion concomitantly with the decreased NO content in culture medium. Clonidine 36-45 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 54-58 19520131-9 2009 These results suggest that clonidine could stimulate CGRP synthesis and secretion in endothelial cells through the activation of alpha(2)-adrenoceptor, which is related to the NO pathway. Clonidine 27-36 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 53-57 19526313-6 2009 Similarly, clonidine and rilmenidine in the same dose range reduced the oedema formation induced by carrageenan, yohimbine and the alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor antagonist BRL-44408 (3 micromol/kg i.p.) Clonidine 11-20 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 131-153 20368793-0 2010 Respiratory Depression in Young Prader Willi Syndrome Patients following Clonidine Provocation for Growth Hormone Secretion Testing. Clonidine 73-82 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 99-113 20368793-16 2010 Clonidine doses to assess GH secretion often exceed doses used for sedation and result in significant respiratory depression in some children with PWS. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-28 20585360-6 2010 Growth hormone provocative tests revealed a reduced peak growth hormone response in both insulin and clonidine tests. Clonidine 101-110 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 20585360-6 2010 Growth hormone provocative tests revealed a reduced peak growth hormone response in both insulin and clonidine tests. Clonidine 101-110 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 57-71 19597709-13 2010 Results showed that clonidine administration prior to hypoxia prevents the hypoxia-induced increased nuclear Ca(2+)-influx and increased phosphorylation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl while phosphorylation of Bad and Bax was not altered. Clonidine 20-29 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 156-161 19597709-13 2010 Results showed that clonidine administration prior to hypoxia prevents the hypoxia-induced increased nuclear Ca(2+)-influx and increased phosphorylation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl while phosphorylation of Bad and Bax was not altered. Clonidine 20-29 BCL2 like 1 Homo sapiens 166-172 19597709-13 2010 Results showed that clonidine administration prior to hypoxia prevents the hypoxia-induced increased nuclear Ca(2+)-influx and increased phosphorylation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl while phosphorylation of Bad and Bax was not altered. Clonidine 20-29 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 206-209 20529608-8 2010 Deficiency of growth hormone was diagnosed because maximal serum levels of growth hormone in stimulating tests with clonidine and insulin did not exceed 10.7 muIU/ml. Clonidine 116-125 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 14-28 19721331-6 2009 In control aortas (from males or females), the clonidine-induced relaxation was abolished by Akt-inhibitor treatment. Clonidine 47-56 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 93-96 19520131-0 2009 Clonidine induces calcitonin gene-related peptide expression via nitric oxide pathway in endothelial cells. Clonidine 0-9 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 18-49 19397906-8 2009 Furthermore, clonidine could markedly inhibit neuroimmune activation characterized by glial activation, production of cytokines, NF-kappaB activation as well as p38 activation. Clonidine 13-22 mitogen activated protein kinase 14 Rattus norvegicus 161-164 19276088-5 2009 Clonidine-induced alpha(2A)AR desensitization, but not receptor phosphorylation, was attenuated by blockade of endocytosis with concanavalin A, indicating a critical role for internalization of alpha(2A)AR in desensitization to this ligand. Clonidine 0-9 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 194-205 19276088-4 2009 We discovered a more rapid desensitization of Ca(2+) current suppression by clonidine than guanfacine, which paralleled a more marked receptor phosphorylation and endocytosis of alpha(2A)AR evoked by clonidine than by guanfacine. Clonidine 200-209 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 178-189 19276088-5 2009 Clonidine-induced alpha(2A)AR desensitization, but not receptor phosphorylation, was attenuated by blockade of endocytosis with concanavalin A, indicating a critical role for internalization of alpha(2A)AR in desensitization to this ligand. Clonidine 0-9 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 18-29 19126537-5 2009 Prolonged treatment with either DAMGO or clonidine induced a mutual cross-desensitization between micro and alpha2A receptor-mediated current inhibition. Clonidine 41-50 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 108-115 19570739-3 2009 Children in the GHD-1 subgroup (n=33) had low GH values (<10 microg/L) after clonidine and levo-dopa while those in the GHD-2 subgroup (n=32) had normal GH values after pharmacologic provocation but low 24-hour GH secretory rates compared to 187 Normal Statured (NS) children. Clonidine 80-89 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 19570739-3 2009 Children in the GHD-1 subgroup (n=33) had low GH values (<10 microg/L) after clonidine and levo-dopa while those in the GHD-2 subgroup (n=32) had normal GH values after pharmacologic provocation but low 24-hour GH secretory rates compared to 187 Normal Statured (NS) children. Clonidine 80-89 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 46-48 19570739-3 2009 Children in the GHD-1 subgroup (n=33) had low GH values (<10 microg/L) after clonidine and levo-dopa while those in the GHD-2 subgroup (n=32) had normal GH values after pharmacologic provocation but low 24-hour GH secretory rates compared to 187 Normal Statured (NS) children. Clonidine 80-89 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 46-48 19309415-8 2009 alpha2A, GNbeta3 and SLC6A4 genotypes significantly modify responses to CLO on sensory and motor GI functions in health and IBS. Clonidine 72-75 solute carrier family 6 member 4 Homo sapiens 21-27 19120051-0 2009 Alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor signaling underlies synergistic enhancement of ethanol-induced behavioral impairment by clonidine. Clonidine 117-126 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 0-28 19120051-1 2009 BACKGROUND: We tested the hypothesis that central alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2A)AR) signaling plays a key role in clonidine-ethanol evoked synergistic behavioral impairment. Clonidine 124-133 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 50-79 19120051-1 2009 BACKGROUND: We tested the hypothesis that central alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2A)AR) signaling plays a key role in clonidine-ethanol evoked synergistic behavioral impairment. Clonidine 124-133 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 81-92 19120051-14 2009 Clonidine (60 microg/kg) or ethanol (1 g/kg) alone increased, but their combination decreased, c-Fos levels in LC, while inconsistent c-Fos responses were observed in cerebellum. Clonidine 0-9 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 95-100 19120051-15 2009 CONCLUSIONS: Central alpha(2A)AR, but not I(1)-imidazoline or alpha(2B)AR, signaling is implicated in the synergistic enhancement of ethanol-evoked behavioral impairment by clonidine. Clonidine 173-182 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 21-32 19194166-8 2009 In alpha-2C knockout mice with sulprostone-induced allodynia, blockade of clonidine"s alpha-1 receptor agonist activity restored clonidine"s analgesic efficacy. Clonidine 74-83 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2c Mus musculus 3-11 19212267-10 2009 RESULTS: Clonidine and dexmedetomidine interacted synergistically in all lines except the alpha2C AR knockout line, implicating alpha2C ARs in the interaction. Clonidine 9-18 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2c Mus musculus 90-100 19194166-9 2009 In wild-type mice, the analgesic potency of intrathecal clonidine and tizanidine was increased 3- to 10-fold by coadministration with the alpha-1A-selective antagonist 5-methylurapidil without affecting sedation. Clonidine 56-65 calcium channel, voltage-dependent, P/Q type, alpha 1A subunit Mus musculus 138-146 19011889-0 2009 The effect of clonidine on VEGF expression in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19). Clonidine 14-23 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 27-31 18709354-7 2009 In 25 out of 30 patients, clonidine administration decreased the hemodynamic (SAP, MAP and HR), metabolic (VO(2), VCO(2), REE) and respiratory parameters to values close to those observed with sedation. Clonidine 26-35 SH2 domain containing 1A Homo sapiens 78-81 19011889-1 2009 BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of clonidine, an alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2)-ADR) agonist, on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and secretion in the human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) stimulated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). Clonidine 71-80 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 141-175 19011889-1 2009 BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of clonidine, an alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2)-ADR) agonist, on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and secretion in the human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) stimulated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). Clonidine 71-80 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 177-181 19011889-1 2009 BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of clonidine, an alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2)-ADR) agonist, on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and secretion in the human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) stimulated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). Clonidine 71-80 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 284-301 19011889-1 2009 BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of clonidine, an alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2)-ADR) agonist, on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and secretion in the human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) stimulated with interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). Clonidine 71-80 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 303-311 19011889-7 2009 Clonidine, an inhibitor of p38MAPK and MEK1/2, inhibited the expression of VEGF protein and mRNA in the RPE cells stimulated with IL-1beta. Clonidine 0-9 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 Homo sapiens 39-45 19011889-7 2009 Clonidine, an inhibitor of p38MAPK and MEK1/2, inhibited the expression of VEGF protein and mRNA in the RPE cells stimulated with IL-1beta. Clonidine 0-9 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 75-79 19011889-7 2009 Clonidine, an inhibitor of p38MAPK and MEK1/2, inhibited the expression of VEGF protein and mRNA in the RPE cells stimulated with IL-1beta. Clonidine 0-9 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 130-138 19011889-8 2009 The inhibitory effect of clonidine on the secretion of VEGF protein stimulated with IL-1beta was blocked by alpha(2)-ADR antagonists. Clonidine 25-34 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 55-59 19011889-8 2009 The inhibitory effect of clonidine on the secretion of VEGF protein stimulated with IL-1beta was blocked by alpha(2)-ADR antagonists. Clonidine 25-34 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 84-92 19011889-9 2009 CONCLUSIONS: The effect of clonidine on the expression of VEGF may be via suppression of the p38MAPK and MEK1/2 signal transduction pathways activated with IL-1beta. Clonidine 27-36 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 58-62 19011889-9 2009 CONCLUSIONS: The effect of clonidine on the expression of VEGF may be via suppression of the p38MAPK and MEK1/2 signal transduction pathways activated with IL-1beta. Clonidine 27-36 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 Homo sapiens 105-111 19011889-9 2009 CONCLUSIONS: The effect of clonidine on the expression of VEGF may be via suppression of the p38MAPK and MEK1/2 signal transduction pathways activated with IL-1beta. Clonidine 27-36 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 156-164 20001614-4 2009 Growth hormone (GH) response to provocation with clonidine and glucagon was defective in half of the short T children (peak GH < 7 ng/dL). Clonidine 49-58 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 20001614-4 2009 Growth hormone (GH) response to provocation with clonidine and glucagon was defective in half of the short T children (peak GH < 7 ng/dL). Clonidine 49-58 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 19890745-8 2009 We demonstrated significant reduction (P < 0.05) in levels of procalcitonin and interleukin-6 in the preoperative clonidine group compared with the preoperative levobupivacaine and control groups. Clonidine 117-126 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 83-96 18849358-0 2009 Brainstem adenosine A1 receptor signaling masks phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-dependent hypotensive action of clonidine in conscious normotensive rats. Clonidine 137-146 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 Rattus norvegicus 63-102 18691636-5 2008 The activation of alpha2-adrenoceptors by clonidine did not affect sIPSCs in PCs at postnatal days (P) 8-10, when PCs showed a few sIPSCs and interneurons in the molecular layer (MLIs) did not cause action potential (AP). Clonidine 42-51 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 18-38 18977208-0 2008 Clonidine and guanfacine attenuate phencyclidine-induced dopamine overflow in rat prefrontal cortex: mediating influence of the alpha-2A adrenoceptor subtype. Clonidine 0-9 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 128-149 19337171-8 2008 Peak growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine and glucagon tests were 7.6 ng/ml and 6.2 ng/ml, respectively. Clonidine 38-47 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 5-19 19337171-8 2008 Peak growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine and glucagon tests were 7.6 ng/ml and 6.2 ng/ml, respectively. Clonidine 38-47 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 21-23 18838113-8 2008 Four experiments with unilateral clonidine injections into the A7 region and with Fos immunohistochemistry used as a marker of cell activity revealed that the percentage of Fos-positive A7 cells was significantly reduced on the injected side. Clonidine 33-42 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 173-176 18809522-7 2008 The data indicated that clonidine significantly enhanced LPS-induced CAT-2 transcription. Clonidine 24-33 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 57-60 18809522-1 2008 BACKGROUND: We sought to evaluate the effects of clonidine on type-2 cationic amino acid transporter (CAT-2) transcription in endotoxin-activated murine macrophages. Clonidine 49-58 dominant cataract 2 Mus musculus 102-107 18809522-6 2008 RESULTS: The CAT-2 mRNA concentration of cell cultures receiving LPS plus clonidine (100 microM) or LPS plus clonidine (1000 microM) were significantly higher than that of the cell cultures receiving LPS alone, whereas the CAT-2 mRNA concentrations of cell cultures receiving LPS plus clonidine (10 microM) was comparable to that of cell cultures receiving LPS alone. Clonidine 74-83 dominant cataract 2 Mus musculus 13-18 18809522-6 2008 RESULTS: The CAT-2 mRNA concentration of cell cultures receiving LPS plus clonidine (100 microM) or LPS plus clonidine (1000 microM) were significantly higher than that of the cell cultures receiving LPS alone, whereas the CAT-2 mRNA concentrations of cell cultures receiving LPS plus clonidine (10 microM) was comparable to that of cell cultures receiving LPS alone. Clonidine 109-118 dominant cataract 2 Mus musculus 13-18 18809522-6 2008 RESULTS: The CAT-2 mRNA concentration of cell cultures receiving LPS plus clonidine (100 microM) or LPS plus clonidine (1000 microM) were significantly higher than that of the cell cultures receiving LPS alone, whereas the CAT-2 mRNA concentrations of cell cultures receiving LPS plus clonidine (10 microM) was comparable to that of cell cultures receiving LPS alone. Clonidine 109-118 dominant cataract 2 Mus musculus 13-18 18809522-7 2008 The data indicated that clonidine significantly enhanced LPS-induced CAT-2 transcription. Clonidine 24-33 dominant cataract 2 Mus musculus 69-74 18809522-10 2008 CONCLUSION: Clonidine enhances CAT-2 transcription in endotoxin-activated murine macrophages. Clonidine 12-21 dominant cataract 2 Mus musculus 31-36 18427355-7 2008 Results from the randomized trials in women demonstrate that hot flashes are markedly decreased by relatively low doses of progestational agents (megestrol acetate and medroxyprogesterone acetate), moderately decreased by venlafaxine, mildly to moderately decreased by fluoxetine, mildly decreased by clonidine, but not substantially decreased by vitamin E, a soy phytoestrogen product, or black cohosh. Clonidine 301-310 alcohol dehydrogenase iron containing 1 Homo sapiens 61-64 18262561-0 2008 Clonidine-induced enhancement of iNOS expression involves NF-kappaB. Clonidine 0-9 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 33-37 18262561-2 2008 Clonidine, a widely used anti-hypertension agent and an effective adjunct to anesthesia/sedation and pain management, has been shown to enhance iNOS expression, but the mechanisms underlying its action remain unstudied. Clonidine 0-9 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 144-148 18262561-6 2008 We sought to elucidate which of these enzymes is involved in the clonidine-induced enhancement of iNOS expression. Clonidine 65-74 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 98-102 18262561-10 2008 RESULTS: Clonidine significantly enhanced LPS-induced iNOS expression. Clonidine 9-18 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 54-58 18262561-13 2008 The LPS-induced expression of AUF-1 and TTP but not HuR was significantly enhanced by clonidine. Clonidine 86-95 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D Mus musculus 30-35 18262561-13 2008 The LPS-induced expression of AUF-1 and TTP but not HuR was significantly enhanced by clonidine. Clonidine 86-95 zinc finger protein 36 Mus musculus 40-43 18262561-14 2008 CONCLUSIONS: NF-kappaB is involved in the clonidine-induced enhancement of iNOS expression in endotoxin-activated macrophages. Clonidine 42-51 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 75-79 18262561-15 2008 Clonidine exerts its action on iNOS expression through increasing enzyme induction instead of enzyme stability. Clonidine 0-9 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 31-35 18633054-0 2008 Intrathecal clonidine suppresses phosphorylation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NR1 subunit in spinal dorsal horn neurons of rats with neuropathic pain. Clonidine 12-21 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 86-89 18633054-9 2008 In addition, IT injection of the alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist, idazoxan (40 microg/rat) 10 min before clonidine injection completely reversed clonidine"s antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects, as well as clonidine"s suppressive effect on CCI-induced NR1 phosphorylation in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Clonidine 145-154 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 258-261 18633054-9 2008 In addition, IT injection of the alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist, idazoxan (40 microg/rat) 10 min before clonidine injection completely reversed clonidine"s antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects, as well as clonidine"s suppressive effect on CCI-induced NR1 phosphorylation in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Clonidine 145-154 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 258-261 18293086-6 2008 In Clonidine pretreated hypoxic group, the hypoxia-induced increased expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bad and Bax was prevented in all the three fractions. Clonidine 3-12 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 114-117 18391484-7 2008 The expression levels of both total Akt protein and clonidine-induced Ser-473-phosphorylated Akt were significantly decreased in diabetic aortas, while chronic simvastatin administration improved these decreased levels. Clonidine 52-61 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 93-96 18461718-6 2008 Finally, we demonstrated that intracellular administration of RGS7 via patch clamp electrodes mimicked the stress-induced decrease in clonidine-evoked autoreceptor-mediated inhibition. Clonidine 134-143 regulator of G-protein signaling 7 Rattus norvegicus 62-66 17822849-0 2008 Brain derived nerve growth factor induces spinal noradrenergic fiber sprouting and enhances clonidine analgesia following nerve injury in rats. Clonidine 92-101 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Rattus norvegicus 0-33 18258664-6 2008 The KCl-induced increase in TH expression was partly reduced in the presence of the nicotinic receptor antagonist hexamethonium (100 microm), of noradrenaline (1 microm) and of the alpha(2)-adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine (1 microm). Clonidine 213-222 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 28-30 18391484-8 2008 The expression level of clonidine-induced phosphorylated PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten) was significantly increased in diabetic aortas, but chronic simvastatin did not affect it. Clonidine 24-33 phosphatase and tensin homolog Mus musculus 57-61 18540253-1 2008 AIM: To determine the usefulness of priming with gonadal steroids prior to growth hormone (GH) stimulation with clonidine in the evaluation of the GH status of short peripubertal children. Clonidine 112-121 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 147-149 18292438-10 2008 A significant negative linear correlation between clonidine concentration and rCBF or spindle activity was observed in the thalamus, prefrontal, orbital and parietal association cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus. Clonidine 50-59 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein zeta Rattus norvegicus 78-82 18292438-11 2008 CONCLUSIONS: The EEG patterns and decreases in rCBF of specific brain regions observed during clonidine-induced sedation are similar to those of early stage nonrapid eye movement sleep. Clonidine 94-103 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein zeta Rattus norvegicus 47-51 18540253-11 2008 CONCLUSIONS: Priming with gonadal steroids significantly improves GH secretion following GH stimulation with clonidine and diminishes the possibility of a false diagnosis of GH deficiency. Clonidine 109-118 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 66-68 18540253-11 2008 CONCLUSIONS: Priming with gonadal steroids significantly improves GH secretion following GH stimulation with clonidine and diminishes the possibility of a false diagnosis of GH deficiency. Clonidine 109-118 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 89-91 17889730-0 2007 Oral hydration during growth hormone stimulation with clonidine. Clonidine 54-63 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-36 17989349-4 2008 Anaerobic spectroscopy reveals binding of substrates (spermidine and benzylamine) and of an imidazoline site ligand (clonidine) to the reduced active site of bovine SSAO, whereas interactions with oxidized enzyme are evident in kinetic assays and crystallization studies. Clonidine 117-126 amine oxidase copper containing 2 Homo sapiens 165-169 17989349-5 2008 Radioligand binding experiments with [(3)H]tetraphenylphosphonium, an inhibitor of bovine SSAO that binds to an anionic cavity outside the active site, reveal competition with spermidine, benzylamine, and clonidine, indicating that these ligands also bind to this second anionic region. Clonidine 205-214 amine oxidase copper containing 2 Homo sapiens 90-94 18491567-1 2008 The effects of antagonist of alpha2-adrenoceptors yohimbine and their agonist clonidine on Bax and Bcl-XL mRNA levels in neonatal rat brain were studied. Clonidine 78-87 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 91-94 18491567-1 2008 The effects of antagonist of alpha2-adrenoceptors yohimbine and their agonist clonidine on Bax and Bcl-XL mRNA levels in neonatal rat brain were studied. Clonidine 78-87 Bcl2-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 99-105 18491567-3 2008 Administration of clonidine 20 min after yohimbine administration abolished its effect on Bcl-XL mRNA level in the hippocampus. Clonidine 18-27 Bcl2-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 90-96 17664022-19 2007 These results suggest that different mechanisms may be involved in the inhibitory effect of clonidine and oxymetazoline; while clonidine reduces the gastric motility by activation of presynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptors, postsynaptic component in the effect of oxymetazoline has also been raised. Clonidine 92-101 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 195-215 17664022-19 2007 These results suggest that different mechanisms may be involved in the inhibitory effect of clonidine and oxymetazoline; while clonidine reduces the gastric motility by activation of presynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptors, postsynaptic component in the effect of oxymetazoline has also been raised. Clonidine 127-136 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 195-215 17664025-5 2007 (4) Additional pharmacological targets for alpha2-adrenoceptor ligands were identified, e.g. inhibition of cardiac HCN2 and HCN4 pacemaker channels by clonidine. Clonidine 151-160 hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated K+ 2 Mus musculus 115-119 17664025-5 2007 (4) Additional pharmacological targets for alpha2-adrenoceptor ligands were identified, e.g. inhibition of cardiac HCN2 and HCN4 pacemaker channels by clonidine. Clonidine 151-160 hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated K+ 4 Mus musculus 124-128 17079113-7 2007 Perineural clonidine reduced ipsilateral neuritis-induced hypersensitivity in a delayed manner (3 days after treatment), along with a reduction at this time in lymphocyte number and an increase in caspase-3 and TGF-beta1 expressing cells and macrophages co-expressing TGF-beta1 in the sciatic nerve. Clonidine 11-20 caspase 3 Homo sapiens 197-206 17706366-6 2007 Bilateral microinjection of clonidine into the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) resulted in a significant, dose-dependent increase in TFL. Clonidine 28-37 carcinoembryonic antigen gene family 4 Rattus norvegicus 80-83 17079113-7 2007 Perineural clonidine reduced ipsilateral neuritis-induced hypersensitivity in a delayed manner (3 days after treatment), along with a reduction at this time in lymphocyte number and an increase in caspase-3 and TGF-beta1 expressing cells and macrophages co-expressing TGF-beta1 in the sciatic nerve. Clonidine 11-20 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 211-220 17079113-7 2007 Perineural clonidine reduced ipsilateral neuritis-induced hypersensitivity in a delayed manner (3 days after treatment), along with a reduction at this time in lymphocyte number and an increase in caspase-3 and TGF-beta1 expressing cells and macrophages co-expressing TGF-beta1 in the sciatic nerve. Clonidine 11-20 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 268-277 17079113-8 2007 One day after injection clonidine treatment was associated with a reduction in lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory Th-1 cells as well as increased numbers of caspase-3 and TGF-beta1 expressing cells and macrophages co-expressing TGF-beta1 in sciatic nerve. Clonidine 24-33 caspase 3 Homo sapiens 155-164 17079113-8 2007 One day after injection clonidine treatment was associated with a reduction in lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory Th-1 cells as well as increased numbers of caspase-3 and TGF-beta1 expressing cells and macrophages co-expressing TGF-beta1 in sciatic nerve. Clonidine 24-33 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 169-178 17079113-8 2007 One day after injection clonidine treatment was associated with a reduction in lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory Th-1 cells as well as increased numbers of caspase-3 and TGF-beta1 expressing cells and macrophages co-expressing TGF-beta1 in sciatic nerve. Clonidine 24-33 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 226-235 17710582-7 2007 RESULTS: Our data suggest that clonidine can stimulate anti-inflammatory IL-10 production from PBMC while decreasing pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha, whereas low doses of hydralazine increased the production of IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 from preeclamptic PBMCs. Clonidine 31-40 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 73-78 17482651-12 2007 Loss of TRPV1-expressing sensory neurons leads to a reduction in presynaptic alpha(2A)-ARs but paradoxically potentiates the effect of clonidine on mechano-nociception. Clonidine 135-144 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 Rattus norvegicus 8-13 17428448-3 2007 To accomplish this the present study tests the hypothesis that clonidine administration will block increased nuclear Ca(2+) influx by inhibiting high affinity Ca(2+)/ATPase and prevent increased CaM KIV activity and CREB phosphorylation in the neuronal nuclei of the cerebral cortex of hypoxic newborn piglets. Clonidine 63-72 calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IV Homo sapiens 195-202 17428448-3 2007 To accomplish this the present study tests the hypothesis that clonidine administration will block increased nuclear Ca(2+) influx by inhibiting high affinity Ca(2+)/ATPase and prevent increased CaM KIV activity and CREB phosphorylation in the neuronal nuclei of the cerebral cortex of hypoxic newborn piglets. Clonidine 63-72 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 216-220 17428448-7 2007 The data show that clonidine prevents hypoxia-induced increase in CaM KIV activity and CREB protein phosphorylation. Clonidine 19-28 calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IV Homo sapiens 66-73 17428448-7 2007 The data show that clonidine prevents hypoxia-induced increase in CaM KIV activity and CREB protein phosphorylation. Clonidine 19-28 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 87-91 17275190-3 2007 The present study investigates that Apaf-1 is expressed during hypoxia in the cerebral cortex of newborn piglets and that administration of clonidine prevents the hypoxia induced increase expression of Apaf-1. Clonidine 140-149 apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 Homo sapiens 36-42 17275190-3 2007 The present study investigates that Apaf-1 is expressed during hypoxia in the cerebral cortex of newborn piglets and that administration of clonidine prevents the hypoxia induced increase expression of Apaf-1. Clonidine 140-149 apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 Homo sapiens 202-208 17261653-7 2007 Clonidine inhibited the native pacemaker current (I(f)) in isolated sinoatrial node pacemaker cells and the I(f)-generating hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) 2 and HCN4 channels in transfected HEK293 cells. Clonidine 0-9 hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide gated potassium and sodium channel 2 Homo sapiens 124-183 17261653-7 2007 Clonidine inhibited the native pacemaker current (I(f)) in isolated sinoatrial node pacemaker cells and the I(f)-generating hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) 2 and HCN4 channels in transfected HEK293 cells. Clonidine 0-9 hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide gated potassium channel 4 Homo sapiens 188-192 17710582-7 2007 RESULTS: Our data suggest that clonidine can stimulate anti-inflammatory IL-10 production from PBMC while decreasing pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha, whereas low doses of hydralazine increased the production of IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 from preeclamptic PBMCs. Clonidine 31-40 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 134-143 17268855-3 2007 The present study tests the hypothesis that inhibiting nuclear Ca2+ -influx by pretreatment with clonidine, an inhibitor of high affinity Ca2+ -ATPase, will prevent the hypoxia-induced increase in caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity in the cerebral cortex of newborn piglets. Clonidine 97-106 caspase 9 Homo sapiens 197-206 17268855-3 2007 The present study tests the hypothesis that inhibiting nuclear Ca2+ -influx by pretreatment with clonidine, an inhibitor of high affinity Ca2+ -ATPase, will prevent the hypoxia-induced increase in caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity in the cerebral cortex of newborn piglets. Clonidine 97-106 caspase 3 Homo sapiens 211-220 17268855-12 2007 The data demonstrate that clonidine administration prior to hypoxia prevents the hypoxia-induced increase in the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Clonidine 26-35 caspase 9 Homo sapiens 125-134 17268855-12 2007 The data demonstrate that clonidine administration prior to hypoxia prevents the hypoxia-induced increase in the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Clonidine 26-35 caspase 3 Homo sapiens 139-148 17710582-8 2007 There was a reduction in IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 production with increasing doses of clonidine and hydralazine by placentas in preeclampsia. Clonidine 88-97 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 25-30 17710582-8 2007 There was a reduction in IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 production with increasing doses of clonidine and hydralazine by placentas in preeclampsia. Clonidine 88-97 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 32-41 17710582-8 2007 There was a reduction in IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 production with increasing doses of clonidine and hydralazine by placentas in preeclampsia. Clonidine 88-97 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 47-51 17213788-1 2006 AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the positive predictive value of two growth hormone stimulation tests (insulin-induced hypoglycemia and clonidine) for stature below percentile 10 in patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. Clonidine 147-156 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 80-94 18463421-10 2007 However, the selective alpha(2)-AR agonist clonidine attenuated Con A-induced lymphocyte proliferation as well as IFN-gamma and IL-4 production. Clonidine 43-52 interferon gamma Rattus norvegicus 114-123 18463421-11 2007 The inhibited lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma and IL-4 production by clonidine were blocked by yohimbine, an alpha(2)-AR antagonist. Clonidine 76-85 interferon gamma Rattus norvegicus 43-52 18463421-11 2007 The inhibited lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma and IL-4 production by clonidine were blocked by yohimbine, an alpha(2)-AR antagonist. Clonidine 76-85 interleukin 4 Rattus norvegicus 57-61 18463421-12 2007 Either phospholipase C inhibitor U-73122 or protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrine partially prevented the suppressive effect of clonidine on Con A-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation and IL-4 production. Clonidine 131-140 interleukin 4 Rattus norvegicus 190-194 17086093-2 2006 METHODS: Twelve rigorously screened young adult (mean age, 26 years) and 15 older adult (mean age, 69 years) subjects were studied before and after using the clonidine patch (TTS-2) for 2 weeks. Clonidine 158-167 patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2 Homo sapiens 175-180 17100548-5 2006 RESULTS: The mean GH peak in the test with clonidine was significantly higher than that in both other tests (p<0.01). Clonidine 43-52 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-20 17100548-6 2006 The rate of decreased GH secretion was 48.7 % in the test with clonidine, 80.5 % in the test with insulin and 81.5 % in the test with glucagon. Clonidine 63-72 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-24 16951576-0 2006 Perineural clonidine reduces p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in sensory neurons. Clonidine 11-20 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 29-32 16814815-9 2006 Furthermore, IT clonidine increased Fos expression in zymosan treated mice exclusively in T7-T11 sympathetic preganglionic neurons (which mainly project to the adrenal medulla), but not those of the T1-T6 or T12-L2 spinal segments. Clonidine 16-25 FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene Mus musculus 36-39 16951576-3 2006 Here, we tested whether perineural clonidine affected activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase following partial sciatic nerve ligation. Clonidine 35-44 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 68-71 16951576-4 2006 Perineural clonidine significantly increased withdrawal threshold and concomitantly reduced phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in sensory neurons ipsilateral to injury. Clonidine 11-20 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 111-114 16612254-7 2006 Production of IL-10 by PBMCs increased significantly: by from 3.4 +/- 2.7% [16.3 pg/ml (range 6.1-21.5 pg/ml)] to 24.5 +/- 3.3% [30.4 pg/ml (range 16.9-34.8 pg/ml)] with increasing concentrations of clonidine (0.08-1.3 microg/ml), and by 8.8 +/- 3.5% [4.1 pg/ml (range 3.0-17.8 pg/ml)] and 17.2 +/- 1.9% [22.6 pg/ml (range 13.2-23.2 pg/ml)] with lower doses of hydralazine (6.3 and 12.5 microg/ml) (all P values < 0.05). Clonidine 199-208 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 14-19 16595736-17 2006 In conclusion, central adenosine A2A signaling plays a key role in clonidine-evoked hypotension in conscious aortic barodenervated rats. Clonidine 67-76 spectrin, alpha, non-erythrocytic 1 Rattus norvegicus 33-36 16583235-3 2006 The hypothesis that PPI may be regulated by norepinephrine, or by interactions between dopamine and norepinephrine substrates, was tested in a series of experiments with the alpha-2 agonist, clonidine, which is used clinically to treat Tourette Syndrome (TS). Clonidine 191-200 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A7C Rattus norvegicus 174-181 16612254-9 2006 CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the antihypertensive drugs clonidine and hydralazine can stimulate production of the circulating anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, whereas furosemide and diazoxide inhibit the production of this cytokine and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 by placentas and PBMCs. Clonidine 61-70 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 158-163 16612254-9 2006 CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the antihypertensive drugs clonidine and hydralazine can stimulate production of the circulating anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, whereas furosemide and diazoxide inhibit the production of this cytokine and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 by placentas and PBMCs. Clonidine 61-70 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 272-281 16612254-9 2006 CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the antihypertensive drugs clonidine and hydralazine can stimulate production of the circulating anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, whereas furosemide and diazoxide inhibit the production of this cytokine and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 by placentas and PBMCs. Clonidine 61-70 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 286-290 16197523-10 2005 We then tested whether the high affinity of clonidine for I1R was responsible for the difference between these two alpha2R agonists. Clonidine 44-53 nischarin Rattus norvegicus 58-61 16607922-3 2006 We describe the effects of transdermal estradiol (E2-t) priming on GH response after clonidine stimulation in prepubertal children with familial short stature (group 1, n = 12) or constitutional growth delay (group 2, n = 22). Clonidine 85-94 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 67-69 16553275-7 2006 These effects of clonidine on the IgG concentrations and the proportions of B-cells and CD8+ cells were dose-related. Clonidine 17-26 CD8a molecule Gallus gallus 88-91 16417582-9 2006 In an "in vivo" test, the alpha(2)AR agonist clonidine (0.1 mg/kg) caused a significantly greater reduction of locomotor activity in NET-KO mice than in wild-type mice, showing the relevance of our findings at the functional level. Clonidine 45-54 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 26-36 16989290-5 2006 We assessed both hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPA) responses to the Trier Social Stress Test and growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine, a centrally active alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonist, in 15 persons with major depression without anxiety, 15 with an anxiety disorder without depression, 18 comorbid for anxiety and depression, and 48 individually matched control subjects. Clonidine 145-154 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 112-126 16989290-5 2006 We assessed both hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPA) responses to the Trier Social Stress Test and growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine, a centrally active alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonist, in 15 persons with major depression without anxiety, 15 with an anxiety disorder without depression, 18 comorbid for anxiety and depression, and 48 individually matched control subjects. Clonidine 145-154 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 128-130 16174681-3 2006 Different doses of a cannabinoid receptor agonist, CP 55,940, and an 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine induced a dose-dependent antinociception in both phases of the formalin test.CP 55,940-induced antinociception was reduced by pretreatment of a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, SR 141716A, but not by pretreatment with an 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine in both phases of the test. Clonidine 93-102 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 269-272 16318667-3 2005 The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of clonidine on phospholipase A2 activity in an established in vitro model. Clonidine 62-71 phospholipase A2 group IB Homo sapiens 75-91 16318667-6 2005 RESULTS: A massive increase in phospholipase A2 activity was measured after clonidine exposure leading to final values of 92.5 +/- 3.1 pmol mg protein(-1) min(-1) (4.5-fold higher than control values; P < or = 0.01 vs. control). Clonidine 76-85 phospholipase A2 group IB Homo sapiens 31-47 16318667-8 2005 The Lineweaver-Burk representation suggested an interaction of clonidine with the phospholipase A2-substrate complex as well as the phospholipase A2 molecule. Clonidine 63-72 phospholipase A2 group IB Homo sapiens 82-98 16139268-10 2005 The alpha-2 noradrenergic agonist, clonidine, also protected plasticity (Experiment 4), but this effect was linked to cross-reactivity at the 5-HT 1A receptor (Experiment 5). Clonidine 35-44 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A Rattus norvegicus 142-149 16404729-2 2006 In normal subjects, intravenous infusion of the selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine reduces BP and plasma noradrenaline (NA) levels by means of central alpha2-adrenoceptor action, as well as inducing growth hormone (GH) release. Clonidine 86-95 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 212-226 16404729-2 2006 In normal subjects, intravenous infusion of the selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine reduces BP and plasma noradrenaline (NA) levels by means of central alpha2-adrenoceptor action, as well as inducing growth hormone (GH) release. Clonidine 86-95 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 228-230 16404729-3 2006 Clonidine-induced GH release is impaired in MSA but spared in PAF. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-20 16436856-8 2006 Perineural clonidine, but not saline, partially reversed the hypersensitivity, accompanied by reduced concentrations of interleukin 6 and interleukin 1beta in the sciatic nerve. Clonidine 11-20 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 120-133 16436856-8 2006 Perineural clonidine, but not saline, partially reversed the hypersensitivity, accompanied by reduced concentrations of interleukin 6 and interleukin 1beta in the sciatic nerve. Clonidine 11-20 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 138-155 16113686-7 2005 In the presence of Y27632, desensitization of P2X-purinoceptors with alpha,beta-mATP (10 microM) increased neurally evoked contractions.Y27632 (1 microM) and H-1077 (5 microM) reduced sensitivity to phenylephrine and clonidine. Clonidine 217-226 solute carrier family 45, member 2 Mus musculus 80-84 16085362-6 2005 SB-334867 concentration-dependently inhibited orexin A-evoked norepinephrine release with pIC50 (Imax) of 6.05+/-0.14 (86.4+/-5.4%); clonidine (alpha2-agonist) was ineffective. Clonidine 133-142 hypocretin neuropeptide precursor Rattus norvegicus 46-54 16085362-7 2005 In contrast, yohimbine reversed the inhibitory effects of clonidine (1 microM) on K+-evoked norepinephrine release with pIC50 (Imax) of 6.50+/-0.34 (77.6+/-10.9%); orexin A was ineffective. Clonidine 58-67 hypocretin neuropeptide precursor Rattus norvegicus 164-172 16197523-12 2005 The action of clonidine on I1R was studied by co-administering clonidine with RX821002, a specific alpha2R antagonist. Clonidine 14-23 nischarin Rattus norvegicus 27-30 16192389-10 2005 Clonidine reduced the number of macrophages and lymphocytes as well as their expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha. Clonidine 0-9 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 91-118 15964147-0 2005 AVP- and OT-neurophysins response to apomorphine and clonidine in major depression. Clonidine 53-62 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 0-3 16192389-11 2005 All of the effects of clonidine were prevented by coadministration of an alpha2A-adrenoceptor-preferring antagonist. Clonidine 22-31 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 73-93 16201978-2 2005 The purpose of this study was to investigate the cause of GH deficiency in infertile men with spermatogenetic maturation arrest using the clonidine loading test (GH stimulation test). Clonidine 138-147 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 58-60 15700025-1 2005 We have previously shown that acute intravenous injections of moxonidine and clonidine increase plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a vasodilator, diuretic and natriuretic hormone. Clonidine 77-86 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 103-129 15925031-4 2005 Results revealed that in comparison to placebo, clonidine significantly reduced plasma norepinephrine concentrations, increased both beta1- and beta2-AR responsivity, and reduced resting and stress heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) (p < 0.05) in all PMDD women. Clonidine 48-57 adrenoceptor beta 1 Homo sapiens 133-152 15717207-10 2005 Local perfusion of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (0.1-100 microM) decreased NA (E(max)=-79+/-5%) in the LC, whereas the opposite effect (E(max)=268+/-53%) was observed with the alpha2A-adrenoceptor antagonist BRL44408 (0.1-100 microM). Clonidine 51-60 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 189-209 15700025-1 2005 We have previously shown that acute intravenous injections of moxonidine and clonidine increase plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a vasodilator, diuretic and natriuretic hormone. Clonidine 77-86 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 131-134 15778926-0 2005 Influence of leptin, androgens and insulin sensitivity on increased GH response to clonidine in lean patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clonidine 83-92 insulin Homo sapiens 35-42 15708868-14 2005 Similarly, clonidine produced a linear and dose-dependent reduction in vasoconstriction threshold: Cl-0, 36.4 (0.3) degrees C; Cl-150, 35.8 (0.3) degrees C; Cl-300, 35.4 (0.6) degrees C. Plasma norepinephrine, angiotensin II concentrations and renin activity were consistent with the thermoregulatory responses. Clonidine 11-20 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 210-224 15834464-10 2005 More clinical trials are needed for the centrally acting antihypertensives (clonidine, rilmenidine) in obese hypertensive patients, as they inhibit the sympathetic nervous and renin--angiotensin systems, which are overactive in this population. Clonidine 76-85 renin Homo sapiens 176-181 15778926-1 2005 Our aim was to investigate whether insulin sensitivity, leptin, androgen or estradiol levels are associated with disturbed GH response to clonidine in lean patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clonidine 138-147 insulin Homo sapiens 35-42 15505117-2 2004 We investigated the involvement of the PI3-K/Akt pathway in the relaxation responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and clonidine in a new type 2 diabetic model (streptozotocin plus nicotinamide-induced diabetic mice). Clonidine 112-121 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 45-48 15358444-1 2005 BACKGROUND: Patients with panic disorder have blunted growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine, suggesting subsensitivity of post-synaptic alpha(2)-adrenoreceptors, presumably in response to excessive central noradrenergic outflow. Clonidine 87-96 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 54-68 15358444-1 2005 BACKGROUND: Patients with panic disorder have blunted growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine, suggesting subsensitivity of post-synaptic alpha(2)-adrenoreceptors, presumably in response to excessive central noradrenergic outflow. Clonidine 87-96 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 70-72 15505117-5 2004 In control mice, the clonidine-induced and insulin-induced relaxations were each abolished by LY294002 and by Wortmannin (inhibitors of PI3-K), and also by Akt-inhibitor treatment. Clonidine 21-30 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 156-159 15505117-8 2004 The clonidine-induced Ser-473 phosphorylation of Akt through PI3-K was significantly decreased in our model; however, that induced by ACh was not. Clonidine 4-13 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 49-52 15271731-2 2004 We investigated the hypothesis that epidural clonidine premedication and postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) including clonidine would decrease the release of proinflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha) and antiinflammatory (IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA)) cytokines in patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery and that they would provide better postoperative analgesia. Clonidine 45-54 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 219-227 15482372-8 2004 produced an increase in clonidine-stimulated GH, thyrotyropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated TSH, LH-releasing hormone (LHRH)-stimulated LH, but not FSH levels. Clonidine 24-33 gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 Rattus norvegicus 102-122 15482372-8 2004 produced an increase in clonidine-stimulated GH, thyrotyropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated TSH, LH-releasing hormone (LHRH)-stimulated LH, but not FSH levels. Clonidine 24-33 gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 Rattus norvegicus 124-128 15219643-7 2004 CONCLUSIONS: Certain types of physically aggressive behaviors are associated with a blunted GH response to clonidine challenge. Clonidine 107-116 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 92-94 15265636-15 2004 These results indicate that clonidine and guanabenz impaired memory processes in a mouse passive avoidance paradigm through the selective activation of the alpha2A-adrenoceptor subtype. Clonidine 28-37 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 156-176 15219643-0 2004 Growth hormone response to clonidine predicts aggression in Alzheimer"s disease. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 15219643-4 2004 Growth Hormone (GH) response to clonidine challenge (5 microg/kg) was used as an index of central alpha(2)-adrenergic function. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 15219643-4 2004 Growth Hormone (GH) response to clonidine challenge (5 microg/kg) was used as an index of central alpha(2)-adrenergic function. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 15351510-0 2004 Clonidine increases caspase-3 mRNA level and DNA fragmentation in the developing rat brainstem. Clonidine 0-9 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 20-29 15351510-4 2004 Clonidine increased the level of apoptotic enzyme caspase-3 mRNA expression, as measured by RT-PCR and enhanced the DNA fragmentation, as determined by gel electrophoresis, in the brainstem of the 21-day-old fetuses and 8-day-old rats. Clonidine 0-9 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 50-59 15271731-2 2004 We investigated the hypothesis that epidural clonidine premedication and postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) including clonidine would decrease the release of proinflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha) and antiinflammatory (IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA)) cytokines in patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery and that they would provide better postoperative analgesia. Clonidine 45-54 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 229-233 15271731-2 2004 We investigated the hypothesis that epidural clonidine premedication and postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) including clonidine would decrease the release of proinflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha) and antiinflammatory (IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA)) cytokines in patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery and that they would provide better postoperative analgesia. Clonidine 45-54 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 239-272 15271731-2 2004 We investigated the hypothesis that epidural clonidine premedication and postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) including clonidine would decrease the release of proinflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha) and antiinflammatory (IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA)) cytokines in patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery and that they would provide better postoperative analgesia. Clonidine 45-54 interleukin 1 receptor antagonist Homo sapiens 296-320 15271731-2 2004 We investigated the hypothesis that epidural clonidine premedication and postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) including clonidine would decrease the release of proinflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha) and antiinflammatory (IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA)) cytokines in patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery and that they would provide better postoperative analgesia. Clonidine 142-151 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 219-227 15271731-2 2004 We investigated the hypothesis that epidural clonidine premedication and postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) including clonidine would decrease the release of proinflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha) and antiinflammatory (IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA)) cytokines in patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery and that they would provide better postoperative analgesia. Clonidine 142-151 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 229-233 15271731-2 2004 We investigated the hypothesis that epidural clonidine premedication and postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) including clonidine would decrease the release of proinflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha) and antiinflammatory (IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA)) cytokines in patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery and that they would provide better postoperative analgesia. Clonidine 142-151 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 239-272 15271731-2 2004 We investigated the hypothesis that epidural clonidine premedication and postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) including clonidine would decrease the release of proinflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha) and antiinflammatory (IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA)) cytokines in patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery and that they would provide better postoperative analgesia. Clonidine 142-151 interleukin 1 receptor antagonist Homo sapiens 296-320 15271731-6 2004 For patients in the clonidine group, production of IL-1RA, IL-6, and IL-8 was significantly less increased at the end of the surgical procedure and at 12 and 24 h after surgery. Clonidine 20-29 interleukin 1 receptor antagonist Homo sapiens 51-57 15271731-6 2004 For patients in the clonidine group, production of IL-1RA, IL-6, and IL-8 was significantly less increased at the end of the surgical procedure and at 12 and 24 h after surgery. Clonidine 20-29 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 59-63 15271731-6 2004 For patients in the clonidine group, production of IL-1RA, IL-6, and IL-8 was significantly less increased at the end of the surgical procedure and at 12 and 24 h after surgery. Clonidine 20-29 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 69-73 15159548-7 2004 In addition, the inhibitory effect of clonidine, an alpha(2)-adrenoreceptor agonist, on insulin secretion was significantly greater in Noc2(-/-) islets than in Noc2(+/+) islets. Clonidine 38-47 rabphilin 3A-like (without C2 domains) Mus musculus 135-139 14962823-5 2004 COX-1 inhibition attenuated the clonidine-induced T(c) and PGE(2) falls but not the NE-elicited hyperthermia, but COX-2 inhibition suppressed both the clonidine- and NE-induced T(c) and PGE(2) rises. Clonidine 32-41 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I Cavia porcellus 0-5 14962823-5 2004 COX-1 inhibition attenuated the clonidine-induced T(c) and PGE(2) falls but not the NE-elicited hyperthermia, but COX-2 inhibition suppressed both the clonidine- and NE-induced T(c) and PGE(2) rises. Clonidine 151-160 cytochrome c oxidase subunit II Cavia porcellus 114-119 15159548-7 2004 In addition, the inhibitory effect of clonidine, an alpha(2)-adrenoreceptor agonist, on insulin secretion was significantly greater in Noc2(-/-) islets than in Noc2(+/+) islets. Clonidine 38-47 rabphilin 3A-like (without C2 domains) Mus musculus 160-164 15139527-5 2004 The uptake rate of clonidine was saturable with an affinity constant (Kt) of 1.1 mM and a Vmax value of 27 nmol x min(-1) x mg(-1) of protein. Clonidine 19-28 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 114-120 14604605-0 2004 Blunted growth hormone response to clonidine in post-traumatic stress disorder. Clonidine 35-44 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 8-22 14735587-1 2004 We report a case of a girl with clinical features of Peters" Plus Syndrome (PPS) (association of anterior eye chamber defects; peculiar facies; cleft lip/palate; brachymelia; developmental delay; growth retardation) and documented growth hormone deficiency (height -3.5 SDS at chronological age 5 years 8 months; low growth factors; bone age delay; growth velocity 4.4 cm/year (<3rd centile); and peak growth hormone levels of 1.7 and 4.7 ng/ml by clonidine and insulin provocative testing, respectively). Clonidine 451-460 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 231-245 14604605-2 2004 Assessment of noradrenergic receptor function can be undertaken by measuring the growth hormone (GH) response to the alpha2-agonist clonidine. Clonidine 132-141 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 81-95 14604605-2 2004 Assessment of noradrenergic receptor function can be undertaken by measuring the growth hormone (GH) response to the alpha2-agonist clonidine. Clonidine 132-141 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 97-99 14604605-3 2004 The aim of this study was to examine whether subjects with combat-related PTSD (with or without co-morbid depression) have a blunted growth hormone response to clonidine, compared to a combat-exposed control group. Clonidine 160-169 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 133-147 14604605-6 2004 The growth hormone response to clonidine was significantly blunted in the non-depressed PTSD group compared to both the depressed PTSD group and the control group as measured by peak growth hormone, delta growth hormone and AUC growth hormone. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 14604605-6 2004 The growth hormone response to clonidine was significantly blunted in the non-depressed PTSD group compared to both the depressed PTSD group and the control group as measured by peak growth hormone, delta growth hormone and AUC growth hormone. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 183-197 14604605-6 2004 The growth hormone response to clonidine was significantly blunted in the non-depressed PTSD group compared to both the depressed PTSD group and the control group as measured by peak growth hormone, delta growth hormone and AUC growth hormone. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 183-197 14604605-6 2004 The growth hormone response to clonidine was significantly blunted in the non-depressed PTSD group compared to both the depressed PTSD group and the control group as measured by peak growth hormone, delta growth hormone and AUC growth hormone. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 183-197 14604605-7 2004 Subjects with PTSD and no co-morbid depressive illness show a blunted growth hormone response to clonidine. Clonidine 97-106 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 70-84 14656950-3 2004 However, clonidine has a low alpha2/alpha1 selectivity ratio. Clonidine 9-18 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 29-42 14711552-0 2004 Increased growth hormone response to clonidine in nonobese normoinsulinemic patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clonidine 37-46 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-24 14711552-1 2004 OBJECTIVE: To assess growth hormone (GH) levels in response to acute clonidine stimulation in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in comparison to patients with idiopathic hirsutism (IH) and normal women without hirsutism. Clonidine 69-78 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 21-35 14711552-1 2004 OBJECTIVE: To assess growth hormone (GH) levels in response to acute clonidine stimulation in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in comparison to patients with idiopathic hirsutism (IH) and normal women without hirsutism. Clonidine 69-78 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 37-39 14711552-9 2004 CONCLUSION(S): The greater GH response to clonidine in nonobese normoinsulinemic PCOS patients observed in this study suggests a dysregulation in GH secretion in these patients. Clonidine 42-51 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 27-29 14711552-9 2004 CONCLUSION(S): The greater GH response to clonidine in nonobese normoinsulinemic PCOS patients observed in this study suggests a dysregulation in GH secretion in these patients. Clonidine 42-51 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 146-148 15142640-8 2004 Our methodology includes utilization of the alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine, to deprive rat pups of AS at ages varying from p7 to p14. Clonidine 79-88 SUB1 regulator of transcription Rattus norvegicus 143-146 15099682-3 2004 Previous findings show that clonidine increases pituitary growth hormone (GH) secretion by a central mechanism involving postsynaptic alpha2-adrenergic receptors. Clonidine 28-37 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 58-72 15099682-10 2004 However, cocaine-pretreated rats displayed a significant reduction in clonidine-evoked GH secretion at 42 h, and this blunted response was still apparent 8 days later. Clonidine 70-79 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 87-89 15099682-3 2004 Previous findings show that clonidine increases pituitary growth hormone (GH) secretion by a central mechanism involving postsynaptic alpha2-adrenergic receptors. Clonidine 28-37 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 74-76 14666410-5 2003 Clonidine attenuated the neurotoxin effect on NPY-LI and dopaminergic neurons. Clonidine 0-9 neuropeptide Y Mus musculus 46-49 15028592-1 2003 Clonidine-like drugs (hybrid drugs) reduce blood pressure by acting centrally at both alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors (alpha(2)AR) and I(1) receptors (I(1)R). Clonidine 0-9 nischarin Mus musculus 133-154 15028618-1 2003 IRAS transfection into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) or pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cell lines leads to the appearance of nonadrenergic binding sites for radiolabeled-clonidine. Clonidine 162-171 nischarin Homo sapiens 0-4 14666410-0 2003 Increased striatal neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity and its modulation by deprenyl, clonidine and L-dopa in MPTP-treated mice. Clonidine 83-92 neuropeptide Y Mus musculus 19-33 14515337-9 2003 After inhibition of the DA and NA transporter, by perfusing 100 microM desmethyl-imipramine into the mPFC, clonidine perfusion into the LC reduced extracellular NA and DA in the mPFC by about 50%. Clonidine 107-116 complement factor properdin Mus musculus 178-182 14499442-7 2003 Peri-neural clonidine reduced the increase in tissue content of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and particularly TNFalpha in sciatic nerve, DRG and spinal cord while increasing concentrations of the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-beta1. Clonidine 12-21 interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus 94-102 14515337-4 2003 Moreover, the effect of the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine locally perfused into the locus coeruleus (LC) on extracellular NA, DA, and DOPAC in the mPFC, OCC, and ventral striatum was investigated. Clonidine 58-67 complement factor properdin Mus musculus 157-161 14515337-6 2003 Consistent with its ability to inhibit NA neurons, clonidine (10 microM) reduced extracellular NA by about 65 and 80% in the OCC and the mPFC, respectively, but also reduced extracellular DA by 70 and 50% in the OCC and the mPFC, respectively. Clonidine 51-60 complement factor properdin Mus musculus 137-141 14515337-6 2003 Consistent with its ability to inhibit NA neurons, clonidine (10 microM) reduced extracellular NA by about 65 and 80% in the OCC and the mPFC, respectively, but also reduced extracellular DA by 70 and 50% in the OCC and the mPFC, respectively. Clonidine 51-60 complement factor properdin Mus musculus 224-228 14515337-9 2003 After inhibition of the DA and NA transporter, by perfusing 100 microM desmethyl-imipramine into the mPFC, clonidine perfusion into the LC reduced extracellular NA and DA in the mPFC by about 50%. Clonidine 107-116 complement factor properdin Mus musculus 101-105 14511364-2 2003 The central alpha2-agonist clonidine attenuates feeding-induced crises. Clonidine 27-36 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 12-18 14642012-0 2003 Growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone and clonidine in young monkeys: correlation with behavioral characteristics. Clonidine 64-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 14642012-14 2003 Results showed a population distribution of GH response to GHRH and clonidine ranging from 120 ng/mL/90 minutes to 3,000 ng/mL/90 minutes. Clonidine 68-77 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 44-46 12898011-11 2003 The inhibition of HO1 expression in G30 by nimodipine, clonidine, and antioxidants, suggests that Ca2+ influx and cyclic-AMP are necessary for the generation of oxidative stress by G30, or for the stimulation of beta-cell HO1 expression by increased oxidative stress. Clonidine 55-64 heme oxygenase 1 Rattus norvegicus 18-21 14712170-11 2003 Regarding the individual correlational analyses, the persistence scale of the TPQ was significantly positively correlated with the growth hormone response to clonidine (r=.30, P<.008). Clonidine 158-167 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 131-145 12784103-8 2003 As expected, pretreatment of animals with clonidine, which blocks opiate withdrawal, suppresses Narp induction in this paradigm. Clonidine 42-51 neuronal pentraxin 2 Homo sapiens 96-100 14499442-7 2003 Peri-neural clonidine reduced the increase in tissue content of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and particularly TNFalpha in sciatic nerve, DRG and spinal cord while increasing concentrations of the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-beta1. Clonidine 12-21 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 120-128 14499442-7 2003 Peri-neural clonidine reduced the increase in tissue content of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and particularly TNFalpha in sciatic nerve, DRG and spinal cord while increasing concentrations of the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-beta1. Clonidine 12-21 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 233-242 14499442-8 2003 Clonidine"s effects on behavior and TNFalpha content were blocked by BRL44408. Clonidine 0-9 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 36-44 12844135-0 2003 Effect of the C825T polymorphism of the G protein beta 3 subunit on the systolic blood pressure-lowering effect of clonidine in young, healthy male subjects. Clonidine 115-124 G protein subunit beta 3 Homo sapiens 40-56 12742193-8 2003 The results of this study demonstrated that the central alpha(2)-blocker clonidine hydrochloride effectively prevents vasospasm, and diminishes the concentration of cerebral dopamine beta-hydroxylase in the hypothalamus and brain stem after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in rabbits. Clonidine 73-96 dopamine beta-hydroxylase Oryctolagus cuniculus 174-199 12816347-9 2003 PepT1-mediated transport is up-regulated by short-term exposure to receptor agonists such as EGF, insulin, leptin, and clonidine, and down-regulated by VIP. Clonidine 119-128 solute carrier family 15 member 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 12644413-9 2003 RESULTS: Glycaemia was significantly lower in the clonidine group (P<0.01) and the median amount of insulin administered was significantly reduced: clonidine group 9.0 (interquartile range 5.1) units; control 18.6 (10.2) units; P<0.01). Clonidine 151-160 insulin Homo sapiens 103-110 12591128-4 2003 In the present study, we examined the effect of application of the alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine hydrochloride, on nNOS expression in the rat jejunal myenteric plexus after splanchinic ganglionectomy. Clonidine 96-119 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 124-128 12591128-9 2003 The increases in nNOS protein and mRNA after splanchinic ganglionectomy were significantly reversed by clonidine treatment. Clonidine 103-112 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 17-21 12560108-6 2003 Pretreatment with the alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor antagonist, prazosin, and the alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor agonist, clonidine, reduced the number of Fos-li dopaminergic neurons induced by CP55940 in a subregion-specific manner. Clonidine 119-128 FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene Mus musculus 152-155 12493843-3 2003 By using GIRK2-null mutant mice, we found marked reduction or complete elimination of the antinociceptive (hot plate test) effects of ethanol, oxotremorine, nicotine, baclofen, clonidine, and the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212. Clonidine 177-186 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 6 Mus musculus 9-14 12589380-9 2003 When combined with the 5-HT1A agonist 8-OHDPAT, clonidine was also found to be more potent. Clonidine 48-57 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A Rattus norvegicus 23-29 12496346-5 2003 In addition, deletion of GIRK2 channels in mutant mice largely eliminated clonidine antinociception and significantly decreased morphine antinociception. Clonidine 74-83 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 6 Mus musculus 25-30 12496346-6 2003 Furthermore, the more pronounced morphine and clonidine-induced antinociception in male mice disappeared in the GIRK2 mutants. Clonidine 46-55 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 6 Mus musculus 112-117 14737937-3 2003 The diagnosis of somatotropic pituitary insufficiency (SPI) was based on insulin and clonidin stimulation tests evaluating GH reserve of hypophysis. Clonidine 85-93 chromogranin A Homo sapiens 55-58 12427134-2 2002 The agonist clonidine binds to alpha-2 (alpha2) adrenoceptors and imidazoline receptors, and inhibits arginine vasopressin (AVP)-stimulated urea permeability (Pu) in the rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD). Clonidine 12-21 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 111-122 12587981-5 2002 p-Aminobenzamidine is as effective as agmatine and N-amidino-2-hydroxypyrrolidine and more effective than the antihypertensive drug clonidine to displace [3H]clonidine from I1-R. Clonidine 132-141 nischarin Rattus norvegicus 173-177 12465063-8 2002 Serum growth hormone concentrations after clonidine significantly increased in PD (mean increase +/- SEM, 4.19 +/- 0.92 ng/ml; P < 0.0001), but remained unchanged in both MSA-p (0.83 +/- 0.61 ng/ml) and MSA-c (1.45 +/- 0.58 ng/ml). Clonidine 42-51 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 6-20 12465063-9 2002 The growth hormone responses to clonidine in MSA-p were significantly different from those in PD (P < 0.05). Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 12383174-0 2002 Growth-hormone release to clonidine and the clinical response to levodopa in parkinsonism. Clonidine 26-35 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 12423672-8 2002 An alpha2 agonist clonidine and dobutamine upregulated the expression of mRNA encoding catechol-O-methyl transferase, an important enzyme to degrade norepinephrine. Clonidine 18-27 catechol-O-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 87-116 12423672-10 2002 Clonidine upregulated the expression of mRNA encoding an anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-xL. Clonidine 0-9 Bcl2-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 79-85 12185387-6 2002 Yohimbine + prazosin + clonidine injected into the MSA abolished the ANGII-induced water intake (0.2 +/- 0.1 and 0.2 +/- 0.1 ml/120 min, respectively). Clonidine 23-32 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 69-74 12242540-0 2002 Stimulation of growth-hormone release with clonidine does not distinguish individual cases of idiopathic Parkinson"s disease from those with striatonigral degeneration. Clonidine 43-52 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 15-29 12242540-5 2002 Clonidine induced a greater total serum growth-hormone production in PD than in SND (p = 0.01). Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 40-54 12242540-6 2002 However, taking the difference in prevalence of PD and SND into account, and because of the low likelihood ratios of the test, an increase of GH after clonidine increases the pre-test probability for PD by about only 5 %, while an absent response of GH also increases the pre-test probability for SND by about 5 %. Clonidine 151-160 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 142-144 12202963-7 2002 RESULTS: In CFS patients versus controls, clonidine enhanced both growth hormone ( P = 0.028) and cortisol release ( P = 0.021) and increased speed in the initial stage of a planning task ( P = 0.023). Clonidine 42-51 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 66-80 12392795-6 2002 In old dogs, a combination of GHRH and clonidine (CLO), an alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, reportedly acting via GHRH stimulation and SS inhibition, is the most effective stimulus to rejuvenate the apulsatile GH secretion. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone releasing hormone Canis lupus familiaris 112-116 12392795-6 2002 In old dogs, a combination of GHRH and clonidine (CLO), an alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, reportedly acting via GHRH stimulation and SS inhibition, is the most effective stimulus to rejuvenate the apulsatile GH secretion. Clonidine 50-53 growth hormone releasing hormone Canis lupus familiaris 112-116 12107048-4 2002 NHE inhibition using amiloride, 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride, and 5-(N-methyl-N-isobutyl)amiloride as well as the non-amiloride NHE inhibitors cimetidine, clonidine, and harmaline suppressed endotoxin-induced IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 production by human umbilical endothelial vein cells (HUVECs). Clonidine 160-169 solute carrier family 9 member C1 Homo sapiens 0-3 12185387-9 2002 Clonidine injected into the MSA abolished the inhibitory effect of ANGII on urinary sodium. Clonidine 0-9 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 67-72 12185387-11 2002 Yohimbine + clonidine attenuated the inhibitory effects of ANGII. Clonidine 12-21 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 59-64 12185387-13 2002 Prazosin + clonidine attenuated the inhibitory effects of ANGII. Clonidine 11-20 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 58-63 12066447-5 2002 All 4 drugs were active when given in combination with clonidine, an effect thought to be the result of mixed action at 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors and the noradrenergic system. Clonidine 55-64 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A Mus musculus 120-146 12162636-8 2002 In animals challenged with clonidine, there was a significant age by treatment interaction effect for the prepubertal group pretreated with high doses of desipramine (less growth hormone secretion) but not for the peri- or postpubertal groups. Clonidine 27-36 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 172-186 12065299-5 2002 In human gut epithelial cells, NHE inhibition using a variety of agents, including amiloride, 5-(N-methyl-N-isobutyl)amiloride, 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)- amiloride, harmaline, clonidine, and cimetidine, suppressed interleukin-8 (IL-8) production. Clonidine 175-184 solute carrier family 9 member C1 Homo sapiens 31-34 12185387-4 2002 Clonidine (20 nmol/ micro l) injected into the MSA reduced the ANGII-induced water intake (2.9 +/- 0.5 ml/120 min). Clonidine 0-9 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 63-68 12098614-6 2002 In rats pretreated with the antisense probe to the alpha(2A) adrenoceptor, clonidine only produced a reduction of 7.3% in the number of scratches (n=12) and a reduction of 9% in the duration (n=12). Clonidine 75-84 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 51-73 12098614-8 2002 In contrast to the alpha(2A) antisense-treated animals, clonidine reduced the number of scratches and the duration by 85.5% (n=9) and 82.1% (n=9), respectively, in rats pretreated with the sense probe to the alpha(2A) adrenoceptor. Clonidine 56-65 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 208-230 12098614-15 2002 These results indicate that activation of alpha(2A) adrenoceptor plays an important role in mediating the antinociceptive effect of clonidine in the medullary dorsal horn in the rat. Clonidine 132-141 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 42-64 12269404-3 2002 The effect of clonidine in epithelium-free vas deferens returned to normal values when an isolated epithelium from another vas deferens was added to the organ bath, showing that the epithelium is responsible for this increase of maximum effect for clonidine. Clonidine 14-23 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 43-46 12269404-3 2002 The effect of clonidine in epithelium-free vas deferens returned to normal values when an isolated epithelium from another vas deferens was added to the organ bath, showing that the epithelium is responsible for this increase of maximum effect for clonidine. Clonidine 14-23 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 123-126 12269404-7 2002 In conclusion, a significant function of the epithelium in the contractility of the rat vas deferens was demonstrated for clonidine, but not for other agonists. Clonidine 122-131 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 88-91 11834428-1 2002 OBJECTIVE: The role of endogenous GHRH in arginine-, insulin-, clonidine- and l-dopa-induced GH secretion was studied in man using a GHRH antagonist (GHRH-Ant). Clonidine 63-72 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 34-38 11967661-0 2002 Is clonidine-growth hormone stimulation a good test to differentiate multiple system atrophy from idiopathic Parkinson"s disease? Clonidine 3-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-27 11792682-5 2002 To identify possible causes for the age-associated changes in the circulating growth hormone profiles, the responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis to growth hormone secretagogues clonidine and growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) were examined in middle-aged male and female rats. Clonidine 189-198 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 160-174 11834428-0 2002 The role of endogenous GHRH in arginine-, insulin-, clonidine- and l-dopa-induced GH release in normal subjects. Clonidine 52-61 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 23-27 12014310-8 2002 In these patients, after 8 days, clonidine decreases sympathetic activity, increases glomerular filtration rate and after 18 days, decreases plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations allowing a better action of spironolactone. Clonidine 33-42 renin Homo sapiens 148-153 11829123-8 2002 In the CNS, clonidine increased the number of Fos-LI neurons in the central amygdala. Clonidine 12-21 proto-oncogene c-Fos Cavia porcellus 46-49 11739604-3 2001 Moxonidine and clonidine also increased by greater than two-fold the proportion of ERK-1 and ERK-2 in the phosphorylated active form. Clonidine 15-24 mitogen activated protein kinase 3 Rattus norvegicus 83-88 11739604-3 2001 Moxonidine and clonidine also increased by greater than two-fold the proportion of ERK-1 and ERK-2 in the phosphorylated active form. Clonidine 15-24 mitogen activated protein kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 93-98 11731584-6 2001 Both EGF and clonidine treatments were associated with a rapid increase in the total amount of BB NHE3. Clonidine 13-22 sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 Oryctolagus cuniculus 98-102 11731584-7 2001 This EGF- and clonidine-induced increase of BB NHE3 was associated with an increase in the raft pool of NHE3 and to a smaller extent with an increase in the total detergent-insoluble fraction, but there was no change in the detergent-soluble pool. Clonidine 14-23 sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 Oryctolagus cuniculus 47-51 11731584-7 2001 This EGF- and clonidine-induced increase of BB NHE3 was associated with an increase in the raft pool of NHE3 and to a smaller extent with an increase in the total detergent-insoluble fraction, but there was no change in the detergent-soluble pool. Clonidine 14-23 sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 Oryctolagus cuniculus 104-108 11731061-0 2001 Reduced development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of morphine and clonidine in PKC gamma mutant mice. Clonidine 74-83 protein kinase C, gamma Mus musculus 87-96 11731061-7 2001 These results indicate that PKC gamma contributes to the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of both morphine and clonidine. Clonidine 128-137 protein kinase C, gamma Mus musculus 28-37 11727145-4 2001 RESULTS: Heart rate, arterial blood pressures, and plasma renin activity were lower during and after pneumoperitoneum in patients with clonidine. Clonidine 135-144 renin Homo sapiens 58-63 11795657-0 2001 Growth hormone stimulation testing with oral clonidine: 90 minutes is the preferred duration for the assessment of growth hormone reserve. Clonidine 45-54 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 11795657-0 2001 Growth hormone stimulation testing with oral clonidine: 90 minutes is the preferred duration for the assessment of growth hormone reserve. Clonidine 45-54 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 115-129 11795657-1 2001 Provocative growth hormone (GH) testing using oral clonidine, a central alpha2-adrenergic agonist, is routinely performed by many pediatric endocrinologists worldwide. Clonidine 51-60 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 12-26 11727145-7 2001 CONCLUSIONS: Clonidine enabled stable hemodynamics and prevented activation of RAAS seen as unchanged plasma renin activity. Clonidine 13-22 renin Homo sapiens 109-114 11408783-7 2001 Our second objective was to determine if clonidine decreases secretion of SRIH from perifused slices of hypothalami, which contain perikarya and terminals of GHRH and SRIH neurons, and from explants of hypophysial stalk alone, which contain only terminals of GHRH and SRIH neurons. Clonidine 41-50 growth hormone releasing hormone Bos taurus 158-162 11553515-13 2001 We investigated the mechanism of NOS activation and found that intracellular calcium concentration did not increase in response to clonidine, whereas pretreatment with 150 nM wortmannin abolished the clonidine-mediated inhibition of THAL J(Cl), indicating activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the Akt pathway. Clonidine 200-209 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 308-311 11546715-7 2001 This was accompanied by a lower insulin plasma concentration (clonidine: 3.9 +/- 1.9 microU x mL(-1) vs control: 6.5 +/- 2.8 microU x mL(-1), P <0.05). Clonidine 62-71 insulin Homo sapiens 32-39 11546715-11 2001 CONCLUSION: Premedication with clonidine 1 microg x kg(-1) accentuates the hyperglycemic response to lower abdominal surgery caused by the decrease in insulin plasma concentrations. Clonidine 31-40 insulin Homo sapiens 151-158 11486246-3 2001 The effects of selective blockade of alpha2- or I1 receptor by 2-methoxyidazoxan and efaroxan, respectively, on the blood pressure and heart rate responses to clonidine and subsequent ethanol administration were evaluated in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clonidine 159-168 nischarin Rattus norvegicus 37-50 11487765-1 2001 We have observed 4 cases of hypoglycemia associated with clonidine stimulation of growth hormone secretion; only one patient had growth hormone deficiency. Clonidine 57-66 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 82-96 11562427-4 2001 Agonist-dependent, pertussis toxin-resistant binding of guanosine 5"-O-(3-[(35)S]thio)triphosphate ([(35)S]GTP gamma S) revealed that the degree of positive efficacy of clonidine was highly dependent on the presence of a G(alpha o) protein-derived Gly amino acid as the -3 residue at the C-terminal portion of the protein. Clonidine 169-178 G protein subunit alpha o1 Homo sapiens 221-230 11990076-2 2001 The obtained results indicate that SA4503, a selective sigma1 receptor agonist, given repeatedly (but not acutely) enhanced the effects of phenylephrine, alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist, and clonidine (stimulating the postsynaptic alpha1-adrenoceptors at high dose) in behavioral models (hyperexploratory activity in rats and aggressiveness in mice, respectively). Clonidine 187-196 sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 55-70 11677796-6 2001 alpha 2A-receptors mediate the central antihypertensive action of the alpha 2-agonists, clonidine and moxonidine. Clonidine 88-97 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 0-8 11473862-0 2001 Clonidine suppresses plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of TNF-alpha during the perioperative period. Clonidine 0-9 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 70-79 11473862-3 2001 Constitutive TNF-alpha, in brain regions involved in pain perception, is decreased after the administration of clonidine. Clonidine 111-120 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 13-22 11473862-11 2001 Clonidine 0.2 mg pretreatment decreased TNF-alpha concentrations both in plasma and CSF. Clonidine 0-9 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 40-49 11474477-12 2001 Although short stature is a feature of this genetic disorder, defective growth hormone (GH) secretion in response to provocation with clonidine and glucagon was found in 4 of the 8 patients. Clonidine 134-143 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 72-86 11474477-12 2001 Although short stature is a feature of this genetic disorder, defective growth hormone (GH) secretion in response to provocation with clonidine and glucagon was found in 4 of the 8 patients. Clonidine 134-143 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 88-90 11476962-7 2001 The results indicate that both NE and clonidine increased TNF-alpha release by approximately 4-7-fold in the isolated cultured Kupffer cells. Clonidine 38-47 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 58-67 11419677-5 2001 Growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine provocation was evaluated and circulating free thyroxine (FT4) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations measured. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 11408783-7 2001 Our second objective was to determine if clonidine decreases secretion of SRIH from perifused slices of hypothalami, which contain perikarya and terminals of GHRH and SRIH neurons, and from explants of hypophysial stalk alone, which contain only terminals of GHRH and SRIH neurons. Clonidine 41-50 growth hormone releasing hormone Bos taurus 259-263 11408783-8 2001 Clonidine failed to alter release of GHRH or SRIH from hypothalamic slices, but stimulated release of GHRH from explants of hypophysial stalk. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone releasing hormone Bos taurus 102-106 11408783-9 2001 Blockade of SRIH receptors enabled clonidine to stimulate release of GHRH from slices of hypothalami, but also stimulated release of SRIH. Clonidine 35-44 growth hormone releasing hormone Bos taurus 69-73 11383713-5 2001 The Ca2+ responses as mediated by UK 14304, oxymetazoline and clonidine became more potent and efficacious at the Thr381Lys alpha2C AR, whereas the response as mediated by talipexole displayed a higher potency with an unaltered maximal response. Clonidine 62-71 adrenoceptor alpha 2C Homo sapiens 124-134 11472079-0 2001 Age- and gender-related growth hormone responses to intravenous clonidine in healthy adults. Clonidine 64-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 24-38 11472079-1 2001 The alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine stimulates growth hormone (GH) release in both animals and humans. Clonidine 34-43 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 55-69 11317155-7 2001 It was observed that the clonidine treatment induced a lesser postexercise proteinuria (213 +/- 28 versus 298 +/- 55 mg.min-1) and albuminuria (71.8 +/- 16.3 versus 116.8 +/- 34.2 mg.min-1) when compared to the placebo test. Clonidine 25-34 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 183-188 11291750-7 2001 The glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU-38486, administered intracerebroventricularly at the dose of 1 ng/mouse, was also able to block dexamethasone effects on clonidine-induced antinociception and locomotor hypoactivity, whereas both cycloheximide and RU-38486 per se did not influence pain sensitivity or locomotor activity. Clonidine 163-172 nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 Mus musculus 4-27 11291750-8 2001 These results suggest that the dexamethasone effects on clonidine-induced antinociception and locomotor hypoactivity depend on the stimulating effects that dexamethasone exert, on the protein synthesis via the glucocorticoid receptor in the brain. Clonidine 56-65 nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 Mus musculus 210-233 11317218-3 2001 In addition, ADRA2C binds clonidine which is prescribed for three psychiatric diseases. Clonidine 26-35 adrenoceptor alpha 2C Homo sapiens 13-19 11259763-6 2001 As described before, previous injection of phenylephrine (an alpha(1)-adrenergic agonist) or clonidine (an alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist) into the AV3V region significantly reduced ANG-II-induced water intake. Clonidine 93-102 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 179-185 11317155-7 2001 It was observed that the clonidine treatment induced a lesser postexercise proteinuria (213 +/- 28 versus 298 +/- 55 mg.min-1) and albuminuria (71.8 +/- 16.3 versus 116.8 +/- 34.2 mg.min-1) when compared to the placebo test. Clonidine 25-34 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 120-125 11206183-6 2001 These results suggest that alpha1D-adrenoceptors play a significant role in the alpha1-adrenoceptor-agonist-induced contraction of rat thoracic aorta and rabbit iliac artery, and that clonidine and tizanidine interact with the alpha1D-adrenoceptor subtype as competitive antagonists in rat thoracic aorta. Clonidine 184-193 alpha-1D adrenergic receptor Oryctolagus cuniculus 27-47 11294483-6 2001 The changes in alpha2-adrenergic receptors were studied using clonidine-induced hypoactivity, which was attenuated by repeated treatment with IMI or CIT. Clonidine 62-71 citron rho-interacting serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 149-152 11487211-2 2001 We studied GH release in response to clonidine in 7 IPD patients, 6 MSA patients, 4 patients affected by idiopathic late-onset cerebellar ataxia (ILOCA) and 8 healthy controls. Clonidine 37-46 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 11-13 11516830-9 2001 Isoproterenol (50 nM, a beta-adrenoceptor agonist) enhanced, while clonidine (250 nM, an alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist) decreased, secreted apolipoprotein E. Clonidine 67-76 apolipoprotein E Rattus norvegicus 138-154 11490178-2 2001 The purpose of this study was to assess the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine, an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, in majorly depressed inpatients with a history of highly lethal suicide attempt compared to depressed patients with a history of low lethal suicide attempt and nonattempters. Clonidine 76-85 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 44-58 11490178-2 2001 The purpose of this study was to assess the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine, an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, in majorly depressed inpatients with a history of highly lethal suicide attempt compared to depressed patients with a history of low lethal suicide attempt and nonattempters. Clonidine 76-85 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-62 11226704-0 2001 P75-expressing elements are necessary for anti-allodynic effects of spinal clonidine and neostigmine. Clonidine 75-84 nerve growth factor receptor Rattus norvegicus 0-3 11084220-4 2000 The results show that noradrenaline, 10(-5) M, significantly suppressed the production of IL-6; noradrenaline, 10(-5) and 10(-6) M, significantly suppressed the production of IL-1RA and TNF alpha; clonidine, 10(-5) M, significantly suppressed the production of TNF alpha; and yohimbine, 10(-5) and 10(-6) M, significantly suppressed the production of IL-1RA. Clonidine 197-206 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 90-94 11490178-6 2001 Moreover, GH peak responses to clonidine were not related to the degree of lethality of the attempt. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-12 11084218-3 2000 Norepinephrine (NE) function was evaluated by growth hormone (GH) responses to acute stimulation with clonidine (clon); serotonin (5-HT) function by prolactin (PRL) and cortisol (CORT) responses to acute stimulation with D-fenfluramine (D-fen) and dopamine (DA) function by GH and PRL responses to acute administration of bromocriptine (brom). Clonidine 102-111 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 62-64 11151417-0 2000 Is clonidine growth hormone stimulation a good test to differentiate multiple system atrophy from idiopathic Parkinson"s disease? Clonidine 3-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-27 10967119-10 2000 Inhibition of insulin secretion with the Ca(2+) channel blocker verapamil, the ATP-sensitive K(+) channel opener diazoxide, or the alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist clonidine blocked the effects of glucose on L-PK gene transcription. Clonidine 159-168 pyruvate kinase liver and red blood cell Mus musculus 203-207 11095519-4 2000 In contrast, the alpha2-agonists UK-14304, clonidine and xylazine significantly decreased the IL-10 plasma level, whereas the alpha2-antagonists CH-38083, prazosine and WB-4101 increased it. Clonidine 43-52 interleukin 10 Mus musculus 94-99 11151417-5 2000 GH levels remained stable after clonidine infusion in all 7 MSA patients but increased in only 12 of the 19 IPD patients, while remaining stable in the other 7. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 11151417-7 2000 We conclude that the GH response to clonidine infusion has a very high sensitivity (100% in our series and in previous studies) for the diagnosis of MSA. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 21-23 18968085-9 2000 The interaction with propranolol, clonidine, phenylephrine, carbachol and tripeptide fMLP, which hinder adenylate cyclase (AdC) and activate Ca-polyphosphoinisitide (Ca-PPI) signaling system of a cell, initiates structural rearrangements similar to acidic transitions of albumin. Clonidine 34-43 formyl peptide receptor 1 Homo sapiens 85-89 18968085-9 2000 The interaction with propranolol, clonidine, phenylephrine, carbachol and tripeptide fMLP, which hinder adenylate cyclase (AdC) and activate Ca-polyphosphoinisitide (Ca-PPI) signaling system of a cell, initiates structural rearrangements similar to acidic transitions of albumin. Clonidine 34-43 albumin Homo sapiens 271-278 10874128-9 2000 Finally, clonidine (1.0 x 10(-4) M to 1.0 x 10(-3) M) dose dependently increased the levels of LPS/IFN-gamma-induced nitrites, the breakdown product of NO, in supernatants of rat C6 glioma cells. Clonidine 9-18 interferon gamma Rattus norvegicus 95-108 11350495-13 2000 These findings imply that angiotensin II receptor antagonists could lead to renal failure if used as antihypertensive agents in renovascular hypertension whereas this would be avoided with the use of clonidine-like analogues. Clonidine 200-209 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 26-40 10980242-8 2000 injections of clonidine or betaxolol affect retinal bFGF mRNA levels. Clonidine 14-23 fibroblast growth factor 2 Homo sapiens 52-56 10980242-12 2000 injection of clonidine, but not betaxolol, elevated bFGF mRNA levels in the retina. Clonidine 13-22 fibroblast growth factor 2 Homo sapiens 52-56 10971812-0 2000 The effect of the alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine, on secretion patterns and rates of adrenocorticotropic hormone and its secretagogues in the horse. Clonidine 46-55 pro-opiomelanocortin Equus caballus 92-119 10971812-6 2000 Secretion rates of ACTH (P = 0.008) and AVP (P = 0.0005) fell after clonidine and remained lower than baseline values for 20 min and 10 min, respectively. Clonidine 68-77 pro-opiomelanocortin Equus caballus 19-23 10971812-15 2000 While there was some evidence that a CIF may participate in the clonidine-induced suppression of ACTH, the subtlety of the discordance between ACTH and its secretagogues in most horses and the rarity of complete dissociation indicate that it does not play a major role. Clonidine 64-73 pro-opiomelanocortin Equus caballus 97-101 10989857-6 2000 RESULTS: Clonidine (C15 and C30), produced a longer duration of analgesia than C0 (mean 144 +/- sd 27.9, 165 +/- 31.8 vs 111 +/- 21.9 min, P < 0.01). Clonidine 9-18 placenta associated 8 Homo sapiens 20-23 11041314-1 2000 RATIONALE: In depression, the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and L-tryptophan (L-TRP) is reduced, suggesting reduced alpha2-adrenergic and serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor function. Clonidine 62-71 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 30-44 11041314-1 2000 RATIONALE: In depression, the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and L-tryptophan (L-TRP) is reduced, suggesting reduced alpha2-adrenergic and serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor function. Clonidine 62-71 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 46-48 10963795-0 2000 Growth hormone response to clonidine in adversely reared young adult primates: relationship to serial cerebrospinal fluid corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 10963795-1 2000 A reduction of the growth hormone (GH) response to the alpha(2) adrenergic agonist clonidine is a neuroendocrine abnormality observed with reasonable consistency among human patients with mood and anxiety disorders. Clonidine 83-92 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 19-33 10963795-1 2000 A reduction of the growth hormone (GH) response to the alpha(2) adrenergic agonist clonidine is a neuroendocrine abnormality observed with reasonable consistency among human patients with mood and anxiety disorders. Clonidine 83-92 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 35-37 10963795-3 2000 As CRF has been demonstrated to inhibit GH release, the authors hypothesized that within VFD-reared subjects, animals with relatively high CRF concentrations would exhibit relatively diminished GH responses to clonidine. Clonidine 210-219 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 194-196 10963795-4 2000 The current study examined the relationship between the GH response to clonidine in VFD-reared adult primates in relation to a range of both juvenile and follow-up CSF CRF concentrations. Clonidine 71-80 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 56-58 10963795-8 2000 The mean of the serial CSF CRF concentrations exhibited a significant inverse relationship towards the GH response to clonidine in young adulthood, with relatively high CSF CRF associated with relatively attenuated GH responses to clonidine. Clonidine 118-127 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 103-105 10963795-8 2000 The mean of the serial CSF CRF concentrations exhibited a significant inverse relationship towards the GH response to clonidine in young adulthood, with relatively high CSF CRF associated with relatively attenuated GH responses to clonidine. Clonidine 231-240 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 215-217 10963795-9 2000 These data raise the possibility that a reduced GH response to clonidine may inversely reflect trait-like increases of central nervous system (CNS) CRF activity. Clonidine 63-72 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 48-50 10900220-4 2000 Measurement of CFX fluxes across cell monolayers cultured on transwell filters demonstrated that the alpha(2)-agonists clonidine and UK14304 caused a 2-fold increase of CFX transport in Caco-2 3B cells, but not in Caco-2 (expressing PepT1 but not alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors) or in the HT29 19A clone (expressing alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors but not PepT1). Clonidine 119-128 solute carrier family 15 member 1 Homo sapiens 233-238 10974488-6 2000 The injection of ANGII into the LV increased the water intake, which was reduced by previous injection of clonidine (an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist) into the LH. Clonidine 106-115 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 17-22 10974488-9 2000 Previous treatment with clonidine attenuated the action of ANGII in reducing the sodium, potassium and urinary volume, whereas previous treatment with yohimbine attenuated the effects of ANGII but with less intensity than that caused by clonidine. Clonidine 24-33 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 59-64 10974488-11 2000 The injection of yohimbine and prazosin, which was done before the injection of clonidine, attenuated the effect of clonidine on the ANGII mechanism. Clonidine 80-89 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 133-138 10974488-11 2000 The injection of yohimbine and prazosin, which was done before the injection of clonidine, attenuated the effect of clonidine on the ANGII mechanism. Clonidine 116-125 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 133-138 10974488-12 2000 The results of this study led us to postulate that when alpha-2-adrenergic receptors are blocked, the clonidine may act on the imidazoline receptors to produce its effects on the ANGII mechanism. Clonidine 102-111 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 179-184 10900220-4 2000 Measurement of CFX fluxes across cell monolayers cultured on transwell filters demonstrated that the alpha(2)-agonists clonidine and UK14304 caused a 2-fold increase of CFX transport in Caco-2 3B cells, but not in Caco-2 (expressing PepT1 but not alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors) or in the HT29 19A clone (expressing alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors but not PepT1). Clonidine 119-128 solute carrier family 15 member 1 Homo sapiens 353-358 10949540-0 2000 Effect of clonidine on plasma ACTH, cortisol and melatonin in children. Clonidine 10-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 30-34 10949540-9 2000 The results show a significant decrease in plasma ACTH, cortisol and melatonin 30 min after clonidine administration (P < 0.001), reaching lowest values at 90 min after the drug was administered. Clonidine 92-101 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 50-54 10861160-9 2000 Intrathecal pretreatment with antisense ODN to alpha2A-adrenergic receptors reduced alpha2A-adrenergic receptor protein expression compared with sense ODN control and also reduced clonidine-induced inhibition of [3H]NE release. Clonidine 180-189 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 47-74 10869054-4 2000 The response to growth hormone-clonidine testing, a neuropharmacological assessment of central adrenoceptor function, was also assessed in 14 PSP and 10 MSA subjects, and compared with 10 controls. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-30 10869054-9 2000 After clonidine administration, growth hormone rose in PSP subjects (median increase 4.3; interquartile range 1.8-7.8 mU/l) and controls, unlike MSA subjects (0.9; 0.3-2.4 mU/l; P < 0.005, Mann-Whitney U-test). Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 32-46 10924811-12 2000 Pretreatment with antisense ODN to G(oalpha) attenuated both morphine and clonidine induced antinociception and did not affect synergism between the agonists. Clonidine 74-83 guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha O Mus musculus 35-44 10808050-5 2000 Administration to rats of an alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor agonist (clonidine) decreases levels of TNF in homogenates of rat locus coeruleus and hippocampus within 7.5 min. Clonidine 67-76 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 98-101 10825384-2 2000 Whereas clonidine binds both to alpha(2)-adrenoceptors (alpha(2)R) and to I(1) imidazoline receptors (I(1)R), benazoline showed a high selectivity for imidazoline receptors. Clonidine 8-17 nischarin Rattus norvegicus 102-107 10825337-6 2000 In the comparison study between the control group and the clonidine group, there was a significant decrease in IL-6 level 3 h after the start of surgery and IL-1beta at preinduction time in the clonidine group, whereas there were no changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, cortisol, and ACTH levels. Clonidine 58-67 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 287-291 10825337-6 2000 In the comparison study between the control group and the clonidine group, there was a significant decrease in IL-6 level 3 h after the start of surgery and IL-1beta at preinduction time in the clonidine group, whereas there were no changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, cortisol, and ACTH levels. Clonidine 194-203 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 111-115 10825337-6 2000 In the comparison study between the control group and the clonidine group, there was a significant decrease in IL-6 level 3 h after the start of surgery and IL-1beta at preinduction time in the clonidine group, whereas there were no changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, cortisol, and ACTH levels. Clonidine 194-203 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 157-165 10825337-6 2000 In the comparison study between the control group and the clonidine group, there was a significant decrease in IL-6 level 3 h after the start of surgery and IL-1beta at preinduction time in the clonidine group, whereas there were no changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, cortisol, and ACTH levels. Clonidine 194-203 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 287-291 10825337-7 2000 These results show that clonidine modulates the IL-6 response related to surgical stress. Clonidine 24-33 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 48-52 10825337-9 2000 Clonidine 0.15 mg given as oral premedication resulted in the reduced Interleukin-6 production in response to total abdominal hysterectomy. Clonidine 0-9 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 70-83 10870038-0 2000 Combined clonidine-short-ACTH test for the simultaneous assessment of growth hormone reserve and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis integrity in children. Clonidine 9-18 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 70-84 10870038-16 2000 CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the combined clonidine-short-ACTH test is a reliable and safe tool for the simultaneous assessment of growth hormone reserve and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis integrity in children. Clonidine 51-60 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 140-154 10825337-0 2000 The effect of clonidine pretreatment on the perioperative proinflammatory cytokines, cortisol, and ACTH responses in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy. Clonidine 14-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 99-103 10825337-1 2000 UNLABELLED: We investigated the hypothesis that oral clonidine premedication would decrease the release of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and stress hormones cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), in patients who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy. Clonidine 53-62 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 153-161 10825337-1 2000 UNLABELLED: We investigated the hypothesis that oral clonidine premedication would decrease the release of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and stress hormones cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), in patients who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy. Clonidine 53-62 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 167-194 10825337-1 2000 UNLABELLED: We investigated the hypothesis that oral clonidine premedication would decrease the release of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and stress hormones cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), in patients who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy. Clonidine 53-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 229-256 10825337-1 2000 UNLABELLED: We investigated the hypothesis that oral clonidine premedication would decrease the release of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and stress hormones cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), in patients who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy. Clonidine 53-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 258-262 10825337-6 2000 In the comparison study between the control group and the clonidine group, there was a significant decrease in IL-6 level 3 h after the start of surgery and IL-1beta at preinduction time in the clonidine group, whereas there were no changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, cortisol, and ACTH levels. Clonidine 58-67 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 111-115 10825337-6 2000 In the comparison study between the control group and the clonidine group, there was a significant decrease in IL-6 level 3 h after the start of surgery and IL-1beta at preinduction time in the clonidine group, whereas there were no changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, cortisol, and ACTH levels. Clonidine 58-67 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 157-165 10766916-10 2000 Inhibition of Gi activity by either pertussis toxin or the GTPase activating protein RGS16 abolished inhibitory as well as stimulatory effects of clonidine on Iout. Clonidine 146-155 regulator of G protein signaling 16 Homo sapiens 85-90 10766916-12 2000 Transducin-alpha, a scavenger of Gi betagamma dimers, converted the stimulatory action of clonidine on Iout into an inhibitory effect. Clonidine 90-99 G protein subunit alpha z Homo sapiens 0-16 10777003-0 2000 Seizures following clonidine test for growth hormone reserve: unusual presentation of benign partial epilepsy. Clonidine 19-28 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 38-52 10762283-7 2000 Clonidine pretreatment similarly and significantly decreased NA levels in all women and, compared to the control test, marginally influenced the ACTH response to CRH + AVP. Clonidine 0-9 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 162-165 10791692-6 2000 Our results suggest that: 1) the gastroprotective effect of clonidine is likely to be mediated by alpha-2B adrenoceptor subtype; 2) there is an interaction between pre-synaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors and opioid system; and 3) clonidine can induce gastroprotection by central mechanism. Clonidine 60-69 adrenoceptor alpha 2B Rattus norvegicus 98-119 10661676-1 2000 Postsynaptic alpha-2-receptor function, as assessed by growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (CLON), has been shown to be downregulated in patients investigated in acute but also in late withdrawal after heavy alcohol intake. Clonidine 87-96 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 55-69 10677633-1 2000 The present study investigated the effect of clonidine on the basal and inducible c-jun and c-fos mRNA expression in the nucleus tractus solitarius (middle, mNTS, and rostral, rNTS) and the rostral ventrolateral medulla (caudal, cRVLM, and rostral, rRVLM). Clonidine 45-54 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 92-97 10677633-5 2000 Clonidine attenuated the increases in c-fos in the mNTS and cRVLM and c-jun gene expression in the mNTS and rRVLM caused by NP-evoked hypotension and also reduced the basal expression of c-jun mRNA in the mNTS and rRVLM. Clonidine 0-9 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 38-43 10677633-6 2000 These findings establish a causal link between clonidine inhibition of c-fos expression in brainstem and its hypotensive action, and provide the first evidence that clonidine attenuates the expression of the closely linked c-jun gene in neurons implicated in centrally mediated hypotension. Clonidine 47-56 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 71-76 11452226-6 2000 Clonidine, 10-5 M and 10-7 M, significantly suppressed the production of IFNgamma. Clonidine 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 73-81 10632417-0 2000 Growth hormone response to clonidine in anovulatory infertile women resistant to clomiphene citrate stimulation. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 11452226-7 2000 Noradrenaline, 10-5 M and 10-6 M, and clonidine, 10-5 M, significantly suppressed the IFNgamma/IL-10 production ratio. Clonidine 38-47 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 86-94 11452226-7 2000 Noradrenaline, 10-5 M and 10-6 M, and clonidine, 10-5 M, significantly suppressed the IFNgamma/IL-10 production ratio. Clonidine 38-47 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 95-100 10580879-1 1999 In normal man, the centrally active alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine reduces arginine-vasopressin (AVP) secretion, probably by presynaptic inhibition of noradrenergic neuron terminals in the supraoptic nucleus. Clonidine 64-73 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 104-107 10667001-2 1999 We studied the growth hormone (GH) response to provocation by clonidine and glucagon, measured the circulating concentrations of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3), and ferritin, and evaluated the spontaneous nocturnal (12 h) GH secretion in prepubertal patients with thalassaemia and age-matched children with constitutional short stature (CSS) (height SDS < -2, but normal GH response to provocation). Clonidine 62-71 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 15-29 10608281-0 1999 Myr+-Gi2 alpha and Go alpha subunits restore the efficacy of opioids, clonidine and neurotensin giving rise to antinociception in G-protein knock-down mice. Clonidine 70-79 guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha O Mus musculus 19-27 10512253-4 1999 In patients given clonidine, the mean BP increases induced by DOA 5 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) were significantly attenuated (P < 0.01), whereas the mean BP increases induced by DOB-0.5, 1, or 3 microg x kg(-l) x min(-1) were significantly enhanced (P < 0.01 or 0.05). Clonidine 18-27 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 86-92 10512253-4 1999 In patients given clonidine, the mean BP increases induced by DOA 5 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) were significantly attenuated (P < 0.01), whereas the mean BP increases induced by DOB-0.5, 1, or 3 microg x kg(-l) x min(-1) were significantly enhanced (P < 0.01 or 0.05). Clonidine 18-27 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 215-221 10525117-0 1999 Regulation of aquaporin-2 expression by the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine in the rat. Clonidine 74-83 aquaporin 2 Rattus norvegicus 14-25 10525117-2 1999 alpha(2)-Adrenoceptor agonists such as clonidine have been associated with an increase in free water clearance that was secondary to an inhibition of the ability of vasopressin to increase cAMP levels in the collecting ducts. Clonidine 39-48 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 165-176 10525117-5 1999 The increase in free water clearance with clonidine administration was associated with a reduction in whole kidney AQP-2 mRNA levels (282+/-25 versus 216+/-11 A units, p<.05). Clonidine 42-51 aquaporin 2 Rattus norvegicus 115-120 10525117-8 1999 The rapid redistribution of AQP-2 and the reduction in AQP-2 mRNA following clonidine administration are consistent with the hypothesis that the alpha(2) adrenoceptor regulates water excretion at least in part by effects on AQP-2. Clonidine 76-85 aquaporin 2 Rattus norvegicus 55-60 10525117-8 1999 The rapid redistribution of AQP-2 and the reduction in AQP-2 mRNA following clonidine administration are consistent with the hypothesis that the alpha(2) adrenoceptor regulates water excretion at least in part by effects on AQP-2. Clonidine 76-85 aquaporin 2 Rattus norvegicus 55-60 10583317-1 1999 OBJECTIVE: We tested the possibility that lysine vasopressin (LVP) changes the GH responsiveness to exogenously administered GH-RH (at its minimal and maximal doses), clonidine (which is thought to stimulate endogenous GH-RH release) and arginine (which is thought to inhibit somatostatin) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and normal subjects. Clonidine 167-176 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 49-60 10580879-4 1999 We hypothesized that the AVP response to clonidine in MSA may be abnormal and therefore studied the AVP response to clonidine (2 microg/ kg iv) in 10 subjects with MSA and compared them to six healthy age-matched control subjects. Clonidine 41-50 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 25-28 10580879-4 1999 We hypothesized that the AVP response to clonidine in MSA may be abnormal and therefore studied the AVP response to clonidine (2 microg/ kg iv) in 10 subjects with MSA and compared them to six healthy age-matched control subjects. Clonidine 116-125 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 100-103 10580879-8 1999 In conclusion, there is an abnormal AVP response to clonidine in MSA, which probably represents loss of functional noradrenergic innervation of the supraoptic nucleus. Clonidine 52-61 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 36-39 10481832-10 1999 The lower alpha 2A-vs. alpha 2C-adrenoceptor selectivity ratio of clonidine and the affinity for alpha 1-adrenoceptors of clonidine may be responsible for the different action of these drugs on attention. Clonidine 66-75 adrenoceptor alpha 2C Homo sapiens 23-44 10505586-0 1999 Alpha2-adrenergic agonist clonidine for improving spatial working memory in Parkinson"s disease. Clonidine 26-35 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 0-6 10505586-2 1999 This study investigated whether an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine (0.5 or 2 microg/kg, orally), improves SWM, spatial short-term or spatial recognition memory, and planning functions in PD patients. Clonidine 62-71 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 35-41 10215641-8 1999 These findings support the notion that clonidine produces sympathoinhibition through multiple sites within the medullary reticular formation, which is consistent with the wide distribution of the alpha2A-AR in reticulospinal neurons. Clonidine 39-48 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 196-206 10528814-1 1999 The possible relationship between postsynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptor function, as assessed by the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (CLON) and aspects of mental well-being by self-report of mood using the Swedish Mood Adjective Check List, was investigated in alcohol-dependent patients in the early withdrawal period. Clonidine 128-137 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 96-110 10528814-1 1999 The possible relationship between postsynaptic alpha2-adrenoceptor function, as assessed by the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (CLON) and aspects of mental well-being by self-report of mood using the Swedish Mood Adjective Check List, was investigated in alcohol-dependent patients in the early withdrawal period. Clonidine 128-137 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 112-114 10425466-10 1999 Clonidine (10(-7) M), an alpha2-agonist, induced a moderate and delayed increase of GLP-1 and PYY but abolished the isoproterenol-induced peptide secretion. Clonidine 0-9 glucagon Rattus norvegicus 84-89 10533850-0 1999 Growth hormone response to the insulin tolerance and clonidine tests in type 1 diabetes. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 10425466-10 1999 Clonidine (10(-7) M), an alpha2-agonist, induced a moderate and delayed increase of GLP-1 and PYY but abolished the isoproterenol-induced peptide secretion. Clonidine 0-9 peptide YY Rattus norvegicus 94-97 10381806-16 1999 Conversely, absence of clonidine efficacy in D79N-alpha2a mice implies that alpha2aAR activation enables clonidine-induced antinociception. Clonidine 105-114 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 76-85 10410422-4 1999 Growth hormone (GH) secretion was evaluated by using clonidine and insulin stimulation to evaluate the presence of classic and partial deficits of GH. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 10410422-4 1999 Growth hormone (GH) secretion was evaluated by using clonidine and insulin stimulation to evaluate the presence of classic and partial deficits of GH. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 10192826-9 1999 It is possible that the greater selectivity of guanfacine for alpha 2A-adrenoceptor subtype may underlie its differences from clonidine. Clonidine 126-135 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 62-83 10064804-1 1999 The 2A subtype of the alpha-adrenergic receptor (alpha2A-AR) is necessary for the hypotensive effects of clonidine and other sympathoinhibitory adrenergic agonists. Clonidine 105-114 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 49-59 10213915-2 1999 Exposure to stress-related alpha2- or beta-adrenergics for 4 or 20 h in vitro had no effect on apoptosis in splenocytes of adult Xenopus laevis, while a 4-hour coincubation of clonidine, an alpha2-agonist, with a calcium ionophore (A23187) or a phorbol diester (PMA), enhanced apoptosis induced by each apoptogen alone. Clonidine 176-185 MGC75582, possible similarity to act2 S homeolog Xenopus laevis 27-33 10195555-5 1999 The symptoms of AWS can be controlled using the combination of a benzodiazepine (in Europe, also chlormethiazole) with haloperidol or clonidine. Clonidine 134-143 jagged canonical Notch ligand 1 Homo sapiens 16-19 10372513-7 1999 Phenylephrine increased the dipsogenic responses produced by ANG II, whereas previous treatment with clonidine injected into the LH reduced the water intake induced by ANG II administration into the SFO. Clonidine 101-110 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 168-174 10206236-2 1999 Involvement of central norepinephrine mechanisms is suggested by central norepinephrinic hyperactivity in patients with TS and by the therapeutic effects of the presynaptic alpha2-adrenergic agonist clonidine. Clonidine 199-208 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 173-179 10217548-16 1999 In a [35S]-GTPgammaS incorporation assay, moxonidine and clonidine were alpha2A-adrenoceptor agonists (pEC50/intrinsic activity relative to noradrenaline): moxonidine (5.74/0.85) and clonidine (7.57/0.32). Clonidine 57-66 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 72-92 10193871-3 1999 Furthermore, in these patients GH secretion is impaired in response to all traditional pharmacological stimuli acting at the hypothalamus (insulin-induced hypoglycaemia, arginine, galanin, L-dopa, clonidine, acute glucocorticoid administration) and to direct somatotrope stimulation by exogenous growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH). Clonidine 197-206 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 31-33 9915830-10 1999 Peptide nicotinic antagonists (catestatins, substance P) were far more potent inhibitors of both secretion (p = 0.019) and desensitization (p = 0.005) than nonpeptide antagonists (trimethaphan, hexamethonium, procaine, phencyclidine, cocaine, or clonidine), and the peptides displayed enhanced selectivity to block desensitization versus secretion (p = 0.003). Clonidine 246-255 tachykinin precursor 1 Homo sapiens 44-55 9809953-2 1998 We then studied whether clonidine might modulate the hemodynamic changes induced by PNO by reducing release of catecholamines and vasopressin. Clonidine 24-33 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 130-141 9931163-0 1999 Clonidine prevents insulin resistance and hypertension in obese dogs. Clonidine 0-9 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 19-26 9931163-7 1999 Clonidine prevented the hypertension, tachycardia, and insulin resistance associated with feeding dogs the high fat diet but did not affect weight gain. Clonidine 0-9 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 55-62 10426538-0 1999 The alpha2 agonist, clonidine, improves spatial working performance in Parkinson"s disease. Clonidine 20-29 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 4-10 10426538-2 1999 We investigated whether an alpha2 agonist, clonidine (0.5 and 2 microg/kg, per os), could alleviate spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting defect in Parkinson"s disease patients. Clonidine 43-52 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 27-33 10773931-3 1998 In children with NS, the peak serum GH response to clonidine (5.4 +/- 2.7 ug/L) and glucagon (7.4 +/- 3.4 ug/L) were significantly lower than those for children with CSS (14.8 +/- 3.4 and 12.8 +/- 2.8 ug/L respectively). Clonidine 51-60 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 36-38 9808702-6 1998 Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, used as a positive control in these GI studies, caused a decrease in GI motility in both WT and beta3-AR[KO] mice. Clonidine 0-9 adrenergic receptor, beta 3 Mus musculus 147-155 9777817-9 1998 RESULTS: Clonidine and diltiazem had consistent response rates regardless of renin profile (76%, 67%, and 80% for low, medium, and high renin, respectively, for clonidine and 83%, 82%, and 83%, respectively, for diltiazem for patients with baseline DBP of 95-99 mm Hg). Clonidine 9-18 renin Homo sapiens 136-141 9810488-0 1998 Modifications in the distribution of met-enkephalin in the cat spinal cord after administration of clonidine. Clonidine 99-108 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-51 9810488-4 1998 However, after intravenous or intrathecal administration of clonidine a decrease in fibers containing met-enkephalin was observed in layers I and II (high or moderate density), the dorso-lateral funiculus, and the reticular formation (moderate or low density), and in layers IV and V (low or very low density). Clonidine 60-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 102-116 9810488-6 1998 Our results suggest that clonidine induces the release of metenkephalin in the spinal cord. Clonidine 25-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-71 9831229-2 1998 In conscious fasted rabbits the insulin secretory response induced by the intravenous infusion of the alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist, amidephrine (10 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) was blocked by the simultaneous administration of clonidine (2 microg kg(-1) min(-1) i.v.). Clonidine 220-229 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 32-39 9831229-9 1998 The potentiated insulin secretory response derived from alpha1- and beta-adrenoceptor stimulation was blunted by clonidine administration. Clonidine 113-122 insulin Oryctolagus cuniculus 16-23 9826209-1 1998 We present the characteristic features of 14 children with the recessive form of Robinow syndrome and the growth hormone (GH) response to provocation with clonidine and the serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentration in 12 of these children. Clonidine 155-164 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 106-120 9826209-1 1998 We present the characteristic features of 14 children with the recessive form of Robinow syndrome and the growth hormone (GH) response to provocation with clonidine and the serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentration in 12 of these children. Clonidine 155-164 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 122-124 9825309-0 1998 Competitive inhibition of Lens culinaris L. copper amine oxidase by amiloride, p-aminobenzamidine, clonidine, 4",6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and gabexate mesylate: a comparative study. Clonidine 99-108 amine oxidase copper containing 3 Homo sapiens 44-64 9807240-7 1998 The interaction with propranolol, clonidine, phenylephrine, carbachol and tripeptide fMLP which hinder adenylate cyclase (AdC) and activate Ca-polyphosphoinositide (Ca-PPI) signaling system of a cell initiates structural rearrangements similar to acidic transitions. Clonidine 34-43 formyl peptide receptor 1 Homo sapiens 85-89 9716308-0 1998 Clonidine potentiates the effects of 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT2A/2C antagonists and 8-OH-DPAT in the mouse forced swimming test. Clonidine 0-9 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A Mus musculus 37-43 9716308-0 1998 Clonidine potentiates the effects of 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT2A/2C antagonists and 8-OH-DPAT in the mouse forced swimming test. Clonidine 0-9 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1B Mus musculus 45-51 9716308-10 1998 In conclusion, clonidine-induced anti-immobility effects are more likely mediated by 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors, as well as alpha-2-adrenergic autoreceptors situated on noradrenergic neurones. Clonidine 15-24 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A Mus musculus 85-91 9718282-7 1998 Intra-CeA clonidine or ST-91 (2.4 microg/0.5 microl or 1.0 microl) produced significant reductions primarily in the occurrence of irritability. Clonidine 10-19 carcinoembryonic antigen gene family 4 Rattus norvegicus 6-9 9699562-8 1998 Injection of clonidine also induced ERK phosphorylation in the retina. Clonidine 13-22 Eph receptor B1 Rattus norvegicus 36-39 9745899-1 1998 The report describes the results of a study the effect of pH and binding of six physiologically active compounds (isoproterenol, yohimbine, theophylline, propranolol, clonidine and carbachol) on the molecular structure of human serum albumin (HSA) using dynamic light scattering. Clonidine 167-176 albumin Homo sapiens 228-241 9690117-0 1998 Modifications in the distribution of met-enkephalin in the pons of the cat, following the intravenous administration of clonidine: an immunocytochemical experimental study. Clonidine 120-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-51 9690117-1 1998 The distribution of met-enkephalin in the cat and its modifications following the stimulation by intravenous clonidine, was studied with indirect immunocytochemical techniques. Clonidine 109-118 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 20-34 9595891-6 1998 OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary measure was the growth hormone response to the clonidine challenge. Clonidine 77-86 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 46-60 9593857-4 1998 Similarly pronounced increases in AADC activity in CS (1.9-fold) and SN (2.8-fold) were detected after administering clonidine (2 mg/kg). Clonidine 117-126 dopa decarboxylase Rattus norvegicus 34-38 9573542-4 1998 The two exchangers have half-saturation constants (Km) for external sodium and sensitivities to dimethylamiloride, to HOE-694 and to cimetidine and clonidine consistant with the NHE-1 isoform on the basolateral cell surface and the NHE-2 isoform on the apical surface. Clonidine 148-157 sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 178-183 9690052-14 1998 As in human islet response, epinephrine and the alpha 2-agonist clonidine (50 mumol/l) inhibited insulin secretion. Clonidine 64-73 insulin Homo sapiens 97-104 10076548-3 1998 These actions are anti-analgesic, because OFQ/N also blocked clonidine analgesia and OFQ/N was inactive against the inhibition of gastrointestinal transit by morphine. Clonidine 61-70 prepronociceptin Mus musculus 42-47 9588447-12 1998 In a final series of experiments, glucose-stimulated insulin release was profoundly inhibited by somatostatin, clonidine, and prostaglandin E2, but not by galanin. Clonidine 111-120 insulin Homo sapiens 53-60 9518730-20 1998 In conclusion, the sympathoexcitation elicited following 5-HT3 receptor stimulation in the region of the commissural NTS of pentobarbitone-anaesthetized rats seems to result from the excitation of two different pools of clonidine-sensitive CV-RVLM neurones. Clonidine 220-229 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A Rattus norvegicus 57-71 9595891-8 1998 RESULTS: The pre-treatment growth hormone response to clonidine was significantly more blunted in patients than in controls (p = 0.02). Clonidine 54-63 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 27-41 9595891-10 1998 In the patients, a decreased growth hormone response to clonidine at baseline was correlated with response to treatment. Clonidine 56-65 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-43 9595891-18 1998 DISCUSSION: Treatment with either desipramine or ECT modified noradrenergic functioning in patients with depression, as assessed by growth hormone response to the clonidine challenge. Clonidine 163-172 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 132-146 9711460-5 1998 In the presence of rauwolscine, clonidine-induced inhibition of electrically evoked [3H]noradrenaline release was counteracted by 1 microM of the selective CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716A (N-[piperidin-1-yl]-5-[4-chlorophenyl]-1-[2,4-dichlorophenyl] -4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide). Clonidine 32-41 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 156-159 10684495-0 1998 Clonidine-Induced Heat-Shock Protein Expression in Rat Aorta. Clonidine 0-9 selenoprotein K Rattus norvegicus 18-36 10684495-3 1998 METHODS AND RESULTS: To identify mechanisms contributing to the pharmacological/physiological regulation of the HSP response in cardiovascular tissues, we administered clonidine to awake and freely moving animals to determine its effect on HSP expression in vivo. Clonidine 168-177 selenoprotein K Rattus norvegicus 112-115 10684495-3 1998 METHODS AND RESULTS: To identify mechanisms contributing to the pharmacological/physiological regulation of the HSP response in cardiovascular tissues, we administered clonidine to awake and freely moving animals to determine its effect on HSP expression in vivo. Clonidine 168-177 selenoprotein K Rattus norvegicus 240-243 10684495-4 1998 Inconsistent with previous work, we found that clonidine produced a dose-dependent and transient increase in HSP70 mRNA levels in the aorta. Clonidine 47-56 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B Rattus norvegicus 109-114 10684495-5 1998 No other tissue examined displayed an HSP response after clonidine administration. Clonidine 57-66 selenoprotein K Rattus norvegicus 38-41 10684495-6 1998 Clonidine-induced HSP expression was not restricted to the HSP70 family; HSP89alpha, HSP89beta, and HSP60 were also induced. Clonidine 0-9 selenoprotein K Rattus norvegicus 18-21 10684495-6 1998 Clonidine-induced HSP expression was not restricted to the HSP70 family; HSP89alpha, HSP89beta, and HSP60 were also induced. Clonidine 0-9 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B Rattus norvegicus 59-64 10684495-6 1998 Clonidine-induced HSP expression was not restricted to the HSP70 family; HSP89alpha, HSP89beta, and HSP60 were also induced. Clonidine 0-9 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 Rattus norvegicus 100-105 9591744-5 1998 The GH response to provocation by clonidine and glucagon was defective (peak GH < 7 microg/L) in 12 of the 30 thalassemic children. Clonidine 34-43 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-6 9489732-6 1998 Simultaneous analysis with the agonists [3H]clonidine and [3H]UK14304 and the antagonist [3H]RX821002 in the same depressed suicides confirmed the enhanced alpha2A-adrenoceptor density when evaluated by agonist, but not by antagonist, radioligands. Clonidine 44-53 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 156-176 9583205-4 1998 Growth hormone stimulation tests were done with L-dopa and clonidine before or during acidosis therapy and after the correction of metabolic acidosis. Clonidine 59-68 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 9524046-6 1998 Plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide responses following oral glucose (75 g) were significantly lower after clonidine, as well as urinary albumin excretion. Clonidine 110-119 insulin Homo sapiens 0-38 9638593-3 1998 Based on the results we may conclude that clonidine associated with rilmenidine was able to block the hypertensive response to ANG II. Clonidine 42-51 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 127-133 9638593-9 1998 The injection of yohimbine (80 nmol/microL) prior to clonidine blocked the effect of clonidine on the effect of ANG II (27 +/- 2 mmHg). Clonidine 85-94 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 112-118 9571601-7 1998 The clonidine test induced a significant increase of plasma beta-EP levels in women after receiving DHEA supplementation but not before; conversely, plasma GM levels increased both before and after treatment. Clonidine 4-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-67 9571601-8 1998 CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that short-term DHEA supplementation in postmenopausal women is able to restore the impaired response of pituitary beta-EP to clonidine, an alpha 2 presinaptic agonist. Clonidine 167-176 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 156-163 9437234-2 1997 The aim of our study was to evaluate in postmenopausal women the effects of HRT and clonidine on the response of plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to the upright posture test and the saline infusion test respectively. Clonidine 84-93 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 120-151 9595418-0 1998 Influence of endothelin-1 on clonidine-induced cardiovascular effects in anesthetized rabbits. Clonidine 29-38 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 13-25 9595418-1 1998 This study was designed to investigate the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on clonidine-induced cardiovascular effects in urethane-anesthetized rabbits and to clarify the mechanism of its action. Clonidine 76-85 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 53-65 9595418-1 1998 This study was designed to investigate the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on clonidine-induced cardiovascular effects in urethane-anesthetized rabbits and to clarify the mechanism of its action. Clonidine 76-85 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 67-71 9595418-5 1998 Intravenous clonidine-induced hypotension was significantly enhanced by pretreatment with ET-1 or sarafotoxin, but the bradycardia was not affected. Clonidine 12-21 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 90-94 9595418-13 1998 Taken together, these experimental data suggest that ET-1 potentiates clonidine-induced hypotensive responses in the urethane-anesthetized rabbit through facilitation of nitric oxide release, which appears to be associated with endothelin receptors. Clonidine 70-79 endothelin-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 53-57 9773098-2 1998 The first part of the article will focus on the interest to pharmacology of elucidating pathophysiological mechanisms underlying autonomic involvement at the central level (growth hormone response to clonidine acute challenge), presynaptic level (plasma catecholamine levels after yohimbine administration) and on post-synaptic receptors (binding studies, pressor responses to noradrenaline). Clonidine 200-209 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 173-187 9437234-2 1997 The aim of our study was to evaluate in postmenopausal women the effects of HRT and clonidine on the response of plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to the upright posture test and the saline infusion test respectively. Clonidine 84-93 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 170-196 9437234-5 1997 RESULTS: After HRT or clonidine treatment plasma CGRP levels (14.9 +/- 1.6 and 15.9 +/- 3.8 pmol/l) were significantly higher than before (9.8 +/- 0.6 and 10.5 +/- 1.6 pmol/l) (P < 0.01). Clonidine 22-31 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 49-53 9437234-7 1997 Basal plasma ANP levels significantly decreased after both HRT and clonidine treatment (P < 0.01). Clonidine 67-76 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 13-16 9437234-2 1997 The aim of our study was to evaluate in postmenopausal women the effects of HRT and clonidine on the response of plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to the upright posture test and the saline infusion test respectively. Clonidine 84-93 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 153-157 9350902-3 1997 Recovery of poor growth hormone response to clonidine stimulation was associated with benign intracranial hypertension accompanied by headaches and vomiting. Clonidine 44-53 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 17-31 9374797-7 1997 Second, the hypotensive effect of intravenous clonidine is absent in genetically engineered mice in which a defective alpha 2AAR has been substituted for the normal one. Clonidine 46-55 adrenergic receptor, alpha 2a Mus musculus 118-128 9384498-5 1997 The irreversible receptor alkylating agent N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ, 300 nM) was used to block partially the alpha2A-adrenoceptor-mediated effect of clonidine. Clonidine 177-186 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 137-157 9361679-3 1997 Nine of 21 children with SCD had a defective GH response to both clonidine and glucagon provocation (peak < 10 micrograms/L); these children differed from the 12 others in having slower linear growth velocity (GV and GVSDS), lower circulating concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, and either partial or complete empty sellae in computed tomographic scans of the hypothalamic-pituitary area. Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 45-47 9438918-8 1997 Clonidine administration decreased SBP, DBP and NE levels in PreMW, in PeriMW and in PeriMWE without any difference between the groups (F = 1.2, p = NS; F = 0.5, p = NS and F = 1.3, P = NS respectively). Clonidine 0-9 selenium binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 35-38 9438918-8 1997 Clonidine administration decreased SBP, DBP and NE levels in PreMW, in PeriMW and in PeriMWE without any difference between the groups (F = 1.2, p = NS; F = 0.5, p = NS and F = 1.3, P = NS respectively). Clonidine 0-9 D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor Homo sapiens 40-43 9334989-6 1997 In sham rats phenylephrine (80 nmol) into MnPO increased, whereas norepinephrine (80 nmol) and clonidine (40 nmol) reduced ANG II-induced water intake while sodium intake was reduced only by clonidine into MnPO. Clonidine 95-104 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 123-129 9421826-0 1997 Alprazolam, diazepam, yohimbine, clonidine: in vivo CA1 hippocampal norepinephrine and serotonin release profiles under chloral hydrate anesthesia. Clonidine 33-42 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 52-55 9322797-4 1997 The imidazoline-derivative alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists clonidine and oxymetazoline at concentrations as low as 10(-8) mol/L significantly inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by 63% and 65%, respectively (P < .01 for both). Clonidine 57-66 insulin Homo sapiens 169-176 9322797-7 1997 Furthermore, both clonidine and oxymetazoline at a high concentration of 10(-4) mol/L stimulated insulin secretion with pretreatment of the cells by PTX (P < .05 for both). Clonidine 18-27 insulin Homo sapiens 97-104 9335081-1 1997 The influence of clonidine pretreatment on psychopathological, endocrine and respiratory effects of cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4) was characterized. Clonidine 17-26 protein tyrosine kinase 7 (inactive) Homo sapiens 130-135 9347254-9 1997 Activation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor with 10(-6) and 10(-4) M clonidine increased AUC for GHRH from 54.8 (control) to 79.1 and 108.7 +/- 2.5 ng.ml-1 min for 10(-6) M and 10(-4) M clonidine, respectively. Clonidine 67-76 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Bos taurus 14-41 9347254-9 1997 Activation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor with 10(-6) and 10(-4) M clonidine increased AUC for GHRH from 54.8 (control) to 79.1 and 108.7 +/- 2.5 ng.ml-1 min for 10(-6) M and 10(-4) M clonidine, respectively. Clonidine 67-76 growth hormone releasing hormone Bos taurus 95-99 9347254-9 1997 Activation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor with 10(-6) and 10(-4) M clonidine increased AUC for GHRH from 54.8 (control) to 79.1 and 108.7 +/- 2.5 ng.ml-1 min for 10(-6) M and 10(-4) M clonidine, respectively. Clonidine 184-193 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Bos taurus 14-41 9347254-9 1997 Activation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor with 10(-6) and 10(-4) M clonidine increased AUC for GHRH from 54.8 (control) to 79.1 and 108.7 +/- 2.5 ng.ml-1 min for 10(-6) M and 10(-4) M clonidine, respectively. Clonidine 184-193 growth hormone releasing hormone Bos taurus 95-99 9347254-12 1997 An alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, idazoxan, blocked clonidine-induced release of GHRH without affecting release of SRIF. Clonidine 61-70 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Bos taurus 3-30 9347254-12 1997 An alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, idazoxan, blocked clonidine-induced release of GHRH without affecting release of SRIF. Clonidine 61-70 growth hormone releasing hormone Bos taurus 90-94 9335081-9 1997 Moreover, they point to a synergistic postsynaptic action of clonidine to CCK-4 upon pituitary hormone secretion. Clonidine 61-70 protein tyrosine kinase 7 (inactive) Homo sapiens 74-79 9370898-7 1997 Growth hormone response to clonidine stimulation and insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations were both within reference values and there was no difference between treatment periods. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 9314422-5 1997 The doses of clonidine required to produce a 10% decrease in blood pressure and a 25% decrease in norepinephrine spillover were significantly higher in heart failure (P<.01 and P=.05, respectively). Clonidine 13-22 H3 histone pseudogene 4 Homo sapiens 180-185 9335081-7 1997 After CCK-4, in the clonidine condition the pituitary release of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and prolactin was seemingly enhanced compared to placebo. Clonidine 20-29 protein tyrosine kinase 7 (inactive) Homo sapiens 6-11 9335081-7 1997 After CCK-4, in the clonidine condition the pituitary release of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and prolactin was seemingly enhanced compared to placebo. Clonidine 20-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 9222546-7 1997 Clonidine inhibited rat liver MAO-A and MAO-B activities with very low potency (IC50S: 700 microM and 6 mM, respectively) and displayed the typical pattern of competitive enzyme inhibition (lineweaver-Burk plots: increased K(m) and unchanged Vmax values). Clonidine 0-9 monoamine oxidase A Rattus norvegicus 30-35 9314029-0 1997 Activation of 5-HT1A receptors potentiates the clonidine inhibitory effect in the locus coeruleus. Clonidine 47-56 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A Homo sapiens 14-20 9295196-0 1997 Atipamezole-precipitated clonidine withdrawal induces c-Fos expression in rat central nervous system. Clonidine 25-34 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 54-59 9295196-5 1997 The brains of the clonidine-atipamezole group showed massive c-Fos expression (especially in di- and telencephalon) while the other groups showed either background levels of c-Fos-immunopositive cells (saline-saline and clonidine-saline groups) or a slight increase over background in selected areas (saline-atipamezole group). Clonidine 18-27 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 61-66 9267532-0 1997 Effect of fetal ethanol exposure on the in vitro release of growth hormone, somatostatin and growth hormone-releasing factor induced by clonidine and growth hormone feedback in male and female rats. Clonidine 136-145 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 60-74 9267532-0 1997 Effect of fetal ethanol exposure on the in vitro release of growth hormone, somatostatin and growth hormone-releasing factor induced by clonidine and growth hormone feedback in male and female rats. Clonidine 136-145 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 76-88 9267532-0 1997 Effect of fetal ethanol exposure on the in vitro release of growth hormone, somatostatin and growth hormone-releasing factor induced by clonidine and growth hormone feedback in male and female rats. Clonidine 136-145 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 93-124 9267532-0 1997 Effect of fetal ethanol exposure on the in vitro release of growth hormone, somatostatin and growth hormone-releasing factor induced by clonidine and growth hormone feedback in male and female rats. Clonidine 136-145 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 93-107 9267532-1 1997 This study was designed to examine the effect of fetal ethanol (ETOH) exposure on the sensitivity of the hypothalamic-growth hormone (GH) axis to clonidine (an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist) stimulation and GH feedback. Clonidine 146-155 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 118-132 9295196-8 1997 In the three brainstem structures the number of c-Fos-positive cells was elevated 8-10-fold in the clonidine-atipamezole group compared to the other groups. Clonidine 99-108 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 48-53 9295196-10 1997 An increased number of c-Fos-positive neurons was also noted in the dorsal horn and intermediate layers of the thoracic spinal cord in the clonidine-atipamezole group compared to a sham-operated atipamezole-injected group. Clonidine 139-148 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 23-28 9295196-11 1997 In the RVL, 59% of c-Fos-positive cells contained alpha2A-adrenergic receptor-like immunoreactivity in clonidine-atipamezole treated (withdrawing) rats. Clonidine 103-112 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 19-24 9295196-11 1997 In the RVL, 59% of c-Fos-positive cells contained alpha2A-adrenergic receptor-like immunoreactivity in clonidine-atipamezole treated (withdrawing) rats. Clonidine 103-112 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 50-77 9295196-12 1997 In addition, one-third of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunopositive cells in RVL were also c-Fos-positive in clonidine withdrawing rats where no TH-positive cells were also c-Fos-positive in RVL of control groups. Clonidine 112-121 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 94-99 9295196-17 1997 In conclusion, administration of the selective alpha2-antagonist atipamezole to rats chronically treated with the alpha2-adrenergic agonist clonidine triggers a powerful withdrawal syndrome associated with massive CNS expression of c-Fos protein. Clonidine 140-149 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 232-237 9222546-7 1997 Clonidine inhibited rat liver MAO-A and MAO-B activities with very low potency (IC50S: 700 microM and 6 mM, respectively) and displayed the typical pattern of competitive enzyme inhibition (lineweaver-Burk plots: increased K(m) and unchanged Vmax values). Clonidine 0-9 monoamine oxidase B Rattus norvegicus 40-45 9255200-4 1997 Growth hormone reserve was assessed by at least two stimulation tests (clonidine, L-dopa, growth hormone-releasing hormone). Clonidine 71-80 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 9255200-10 1997 The GH response to clonidine was significantly less than that found with the other stimuli. Clonidine 19-28 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-6 9255200-16 1997 The growth rate in conjunction with the GH response to clonidine provides a sensitive measure of GHD associated with chemotherapy. Clonidine 55-64 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 40-42 9217760-0 1997 Distinction of idiopathic Parkinson"s disease from multiple-system atrophy by stimulation of growth-hormone release with clonidine. Clonidine 121-130 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 93-107 9217760-5 1997 METHODS: Clonidine is a centrally active alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist that raises concentrations of GH in serum in healthy people and those with pure autonomic failure (with peripheral lesions), but not in those with MSA (with a central autonomic deficit). Clonidine 9-18 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 100-102 9217760-9 1997 FINDINGS: Clonidine raised serum GH concentrations in patients with idiopathic Parkinson"s disease (median increase 8.98 [IQR 6.6-16.6] mU/L), normal participants (13.2 [7.0-18.6] mU/L), and patients with pure autonomic failure (12.5 [5.6-18.2] mU/L). Clonidine 10-19 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 33-35 9217760-11 1997 The GH response to clonidine in idiopathic Parkinson"s disease was significantly different from that in MSA-P (p < 0.0002). Clonidine 19-28 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 4-6 9217760-13 1997 INTERPRETATION: The GH responses to clonidine clearly differentiated idiopathic Parkinson"s disease from MSA-C and MSA-P. Clonidine 36-45 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 20-22 9217760-15 1997 The clonidine-GH test may provide further insight into central neurotransmitter and alpha 2-adrenoceptor-hypothalamic abnormalities in MSA. Clonidine 4-13 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 14-16 9159285-9 1997 Concentrations of GH increased in saline-pretreated ewes following injections of clonidine or GHRH (P < .01). Clonidine 81-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-20 9241113-13 1997 In the subset of HIV-positive patients with abnormal peak growth hormone levels after clonidine stimulation, growth hormone response correlated positively with CD4+ count (r = .657, p = .0056) and beta carotene concentration (R = .596, p = .0192). Clonidine 86-95 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 109-123 9159285-10 1997 Treatment of ewes with MB, however, limited the ability of clonidine-induced mechanisms to increase concentrations of GH, but did not affect pituitary responsiveness to GHRH (P < .01). Clonidine 59-68 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 118-120 9152372-0 1997 The peripheral action of clonidine analog ST-91: involvement of atrial natriuretic factor. Clonidine 25-34 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 64-89 9152372-2 1997 Our previous work has shown that diuresis and natriuresis caused by central administration of clonidine are mediated by an enhanced release of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF). Clonidine 94-103 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 143-168 9152372-2 1997 Our previous work has shown that diuresis and natriuresis caused by central administration of clonidine are mediated by an enhanced release of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF). Clonidine 94-103 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 170-173 9152372-3 1997 Because clonidine has been shown to have peripheral actions the objective of the present study was to determine whether ANF is also involved in these actions. Clonidine 8-17 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 120-123 9107440-9 1997 CONCLUSIONS: When compared with the placebo period, TTS-2 clonidine lowers SBP and DBP within the first 24 hours of application. Clonidine 58-67 patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2 Homo sapiens 52-57 9170008-8 1997 Moreover, vasopressin receptor blockade further reduced the arterial pressure in African-Americans but not that in Caucasians after pretreatment with clonidine. Clonidine 150-159 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 10-21 9107440-9 1997 CONCLUSIONS: When compared with the placebo period, TTS-2 clonidine lowers SBP and DBP within the first 24 hours of application. Clonidine 58-67 selenium binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 75-78 9107440-9 1997 CONCLUSIONS: When compared with the placebo period, TTS-2 clonidine lowers SBP and DBP within the first 24 hours of application. Clonidine 58-67 D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor Homo sapiens 83-86 9109183-1 1997 Growth hormone response to clonidine stimulation. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 9100596-3 1997 We performed a GH provocative test, using oral clonidine, in 108 patients who had previously been treated with GH during childhood (73 men and 35 women). Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 15-17 9109183-4 1997 GH responses to clonidine stimulation were blunted in patients suggesting that post-synaptic alpha-2-adrenoceptors are subsensitive, possibly due to higher than normal noradrenergic secretion. Clonidine 16-25 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 9203090-0 1997 Effect of sleep deprivation on the growth hormone response to the alpha-3 adrenergic receptor agonist, clonidine, in normal subjects. Clonidine 103-112 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 35-49 9104600-6 1997 A second experiment in 12 healthy volunteers examined the effects of a 1.3 micrograms/kg dose of clonidine on the rCBF changes associated with performance of a paired associates learning task compared with passive listening to word pairs. Clonidine 97-106 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein zeta Rattus norvegicus 114-118 9210098-8 1997 Previous injection of phenylephrine or norepinephrine into the MnPO of MH-lesioned rats induced a negative MAP, whereas pretreatment with clonidine or isoproterenol increased the MAP produced by ANG II injected into the MnPO of sham- or MH-lesioned rats. Clonidine 138-147 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 195-201 9437760-5 1997 In living chicks clonidine suppressed the nocturnal activity of cyclic AMP-dependent serotonin N-acetyltransferase, a rate-limiting enzyme in melatonin biosynthesis, the effect being prevented by yohimbine. Clonidine 17-26 aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase Gallus gallus 85-114 9224548-5 1997 By contrast, although somatostatin and clonidine blocked the release of insulin, tetraethylammonium significantly stimulated secretion. Clonidine 39-48 insulin Homo sapiens 72-79 9050010-5 1997 The alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine also attenuated VIP-stimulated SCC (EC50342 nM) through the alpha 2A receptor subtype, since clonidine responses were inhibited by yohimbine and rauwolscine but not altered by previous addition of prazosin. Clonidine 33-42 vasoactive intestinal peptide Homo sapiens 59-62 9203090-1 1997 One night"s sleep deprivation (SD) increased the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (20 ug/kg i.v.) Clonidine 81-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-63 9203090-1 1997 One night"s sleep deprivation (SD) increased the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (20 ug/kg i.v.) Clonidine 81-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 65-67 9364202-1 1997 One subtype of imidazoline receptors (IR1) is similar to alpha 2-adrenoceptors (alpha 2 AR) based on their high affinity for clonidine and related imidazoline compounds. Clonidine 125-134 nischarin Homo sapiens 38-41 9307055-4 1997 ), selective agonists for the GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors, respectively, significantly attenuated the antinociceptive effect of subcutaneously (s.c.) administered clonidine (1 mg/kg) in a dose-dependent manner. Clonidine 165-174 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, subunit gamma 1 Mus musculus 30-37 9244369-16 1997 These results suggest that the supraspinal GABA(A)/benzodiazepine receptors are involved in the antagonistic effect of MR2 on the clonidine-induced antinociception in the tail-pinch test in mice. Clonidine 130-139 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, subunit gamma 1 Mus musculus 43-50 9307055-6 1997 on the clonidine-induced antinociception was significantly blocked by the GABA(A) antagonists bicuculline (100-400 ng/mouse, i.c.v.) Clonidine 7-16 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, subunit gamma 1 Mus musculus 74-81 9307055-11 1997 These results indicate that both supraspinal GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors play inhibitory roles in the antinociception caused by systemically administered clonidine. Clonidine 156-165 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, subunit gamma 1 Mus musculus 45-52 9133220-0 1996 [Sensitivity of the clonidine and guanfacine tests (alpha-2-adrenergic agonists) as pharmacologic stimulants of growth hormone. Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 112-126 9007838-12 1997 of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine on the effectiveness of the electrical stimulation of the ascending 5-HT pathway in suppressing the firing activity of dorsal hippocampus CA3 pyramidal neurons. Clonidine 36-45 carbonic anhydrase 3 Rattus norvegicus 184-187 9230631-0 1997 A view on noradrenergic, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and extrahypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing factor function in anxiety and affective disorders: the reduced growth hormone response to clonidine. Clonidine 199-208 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 172-186 9133220-13 1996 CONCLUSIONS: The alpha-2-adrenergic agonists, clonidine and guanfacine, appear to be reliable agents for testing of the growth hormone reserve of the pituitary gland. Clonidine 46-55 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 120-134 9004111-6 1996 The delta serum GH during clonidine administration was 3.0 +/- 3.2 ng ml-1 in DS and 17.3 +/- 5.6 ng ml-1 in controls. Clonidine 26-35 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 9004111-11 1996 These results indicate that levodopa and clonidine (drugs stimulating hypothalamic GHRH release and secondary pituitary GH release in normal individuals) do not stimulate GH release in DS. Clonidine 41-50 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 83-87 9004111-11 1996 These results indicate that levodopa and clonidine (drugs stimulating hypothalamic GHRH release and secondary pituitary GH release in normal individuals) do not stimulate GH release in DS. Clonidine 41-50 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 83-85 8862135-6 1996 Furthermore, constitutive TNF alpha, demonstrated to be present in several brain areas, was significantly decreased following administration of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine (0.6 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily) to rats for either 1 or 14 days, without a change in TNF alpha mRNA accumulation. Clonidine 175-184 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 26-35 9081741-9 1996 In liver and fat tissue of 6-month-old rats, previously treated with clonidine to stimulate growth hormone secretion, the activities are lower than in glutamate obese rats without clonidine, but still higher than in normal control animals. Clonidine 69-78 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 92-106 9081741-9 1996 In liver and fat tissue of 6-month-old rats, previously treated with clonidine to stimulate growth hormone secretion, the activities are lower than in glutamate obese rats without clonidine, but still higher than in normal control animals. Clonidine 180-189 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 92-106 8862135-0 1996 Changes in noradrenergic sensitivity to tumor necrosis factor-alpha in brains of rats administered clonidine. Clonidine 99-108 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 40-67 8904639-12 1996 We submit the hypothesis that the alpha 2a- and alpha 2b-adrenoceptor subtypes mediated the clonidine-induced osmolar and free water clearance. Clonidine 92-101 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 34-69 8904639-13 1996 The blockade in free water clearance by prazosin indicated a possible role of the alpha 2b-adrenoceptor subtype whereas the alpha 2a-adrenoceptor subtype was considered as the site mediating the clonidine-induced increase in osmolar clearance. Clonidine 195-204 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 124-145 8862135-6 1996 Furthermore, constitutive TNF alpha, demonstrated to be present in several brain areas, was significantly decreased following administration of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine (0.6 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily) to rats for either 1 or 14 days, without a change in TNF alpha mRNA accumulation. Clonidine 175-184 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 269-278 8862135-7 1996 We next investigated whether the presynaptic sensitivity to TNF alpha was changed after clonidine administration to rats. Clonidine 88-97 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 60-69 8862135-8 1996 TNF alpha enhanced, rather than inhibited, [3H]-NE release after 1 day of clonidine administration, while a suppressed sensitivity to TNF alpha was observed in the hippocampus after 14 days of clonidine administration. Clonidine 74-83 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 0-9 8862135-8 1996 TNF alpha enhanced, rather than inhibited, [3H]-NE release after 1 day of clonidine administration, while a suppressed sensitivity to TNF alpha was observed in the hippocampus after 14 days of clonidine administration. Clonidine 193-202 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 134-143 8862135-9 1996 In addition, in the presence of idazoxan, TNF alpha potentiation of [3H]-NE release after 1 day clonidine administration was reversed to a decreased inhibition as compared to control slices exposed to idazoxan. Clonidine 96-105 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 42-51 8862135-10 1996 Therefore, the temporary reversal in the presynaptic TNF alpha response after 1 day of clonidine administration illustrates a mechanism of action for its persistent antihypertensive effect, its transient sedative and antihyperpathic effects, and its acute ability to promote antidepressants. Clonidine 87-96 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 53-62 8951963-0 1996 Long-term antidepressant treatment restores clonidine"s effect on growth hormone secretion in a genetic animal model of depression. Clonidine 44-53 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 66-80 8815881-1 1996 We observed an induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA in the rat retina after systemic administration of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonists xylazine and clonidine. Clonidine 167-176 fibroblast growth factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 28-58 8815881-1 1996 We observed an induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA in the rat retina after systemic administration of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonists xylazine and clonidine. Clonidine 167-176 fibroblast growth factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 60-64 8815881-2 1996 A single injection of xylazine or clonidine transiently increased bFGF mRNA. Clonidine 34-43 fibroblast growth factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 66-70 8936959-1 1996 Seventy-seven prepubertal short children with heights below the third centile for age and gender were divided into three groups according to their peak GH response to clonidine and insulin provocation. Clonidine 167-176 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 152-154 8936961-3 1996 In addition, we evaluated growth hormone (GH) responses to oral clonidine and measured the circulating insulin-like growth factor-I concentration in thalassemic children on long-term transfusion and controls. Clonidine 64-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-40 8936961-3 1996 In addition, we evaluated growth hormone (GH) responses to oral clonidine and measured the circulating insulin-like growth factor-I concentration in thalassemic children on long-term transfusion and controls. Clonidine 64-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 42-44 8936961-10 1996 GH responses to clonidine provocation were subnormal in thalassemic children after long-term blood transfusion compared to controls. Clonidine 16-25 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 8951963-2 1996 In the present study, we investigated whether long-term antidepressant treatment might normalize clonidine"s effect on GH secretion in male FH rats. Clonidine 97-106 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 119-121 8951963-4 1996 On the other hand, long-term treatment with the monoamine oxidase type-A inhibiting antidepressant, clorgyline (1 mg/kg/day) and the alpha 2-noradrenergic antagonists, yohimbine and 1-phenylpiperazine (1 mg/kg/day, each) did not modify clonidine"s effect. Clonidine 236-245 monoamine oxidase A Rattus norvegicus 48-72 8905472-0 1996 The effects of clonidine on blood pressure, catecholamine and growth hormone release in hypogonadal men is preserved and not influenced by testosterone replacement therapy. Clonidine 15-24 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 62-76 8918979-0 1996 The pattern of testosterone replacement influences the recovery of the stimulatory effect of clonidine on growth hormone (GH) secretion in orchidectomized rats. Clonidine 93-102 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 106-120 8909987-11 1996 Pretreatment with IAP inhibited Ca(2+)-induced contraction of the aorta in Ca(2+)-free medium in the presence of 10(-6) M clonidine, but did not affect the Ca(2+)-induced contraction in the medium treated with 10(-6) M phenylephrine and 10(-7) M nicardipine. Clonidine 122-131 magnesium transporter 1 Rattus norvegicus 18-21 8816035-14 1996 Peak GH response to clonidine was correlated with BMI (r = 0.68, P < 0.001) and insulin dose/kg/day (r = 0.602, P < 0.01). Clonidine 20-29 insulin Homo sapiens 83-90 8816035-16 1996 High BMI is associated with more GH secretion in response to clonidine, this might explain the higher requirements of insulin/kg in children with IDDM and high BMI. Clonidine 61-70 insulin Homo sapiens 118-125 8918979-0 1996 The pattern of testosterone replacement influences the recovery of the stimulatory effect of clonidine on growth hormone (GH) secretion in orchidectomized rats. Clonidine 93-102 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 122-124 8918979-1 1996 It has previously been described that the growth hormone (GH) releasing effect of clonidine (CLO), an agonist of alpha2-adrenoreceptors, disappears after orchidectomy and is restored by testosterone replacement when started immediately after orchidectomy. Clonidine 82-91 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 42-56 8918979-1 1996 It has previously been described that the growth hormone (GH) releasing effect of clonidine (CLO), an agonist of alpha2-adrenoreceptors, disappears after orchidectomy and is restored by testosterone replacement when started immediately after orchidectomy. Clonidine 82-91 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 58-60 8918979-1 1996 It has previously been described that the growth hormone (GH) releasing effect of clonidine (CLO), an agonist of alpha2-adrenoreceptors, disappears after orchidectomy and is restored by testosterone replacement when started immediately after orchidectomy. Clonidine 93-96 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 42-56 8918979-1 1996 It has previously been described that the growth hormone (GH) releasing effect of clonidine (CLO), an agonist of alpha2-adrenoreceptors, disappears after orchidectomy and is restored by testosterone replacement when started immediately after orchidectomy. Clonidine 93-96 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 58-60 8918979-2 1996 In the present experiments, the effects of CLO on GH release was analysed in long-term (LTO; 12 weeks) and short-term (STO; 2 weeks) orchidectomized rats. Clonidine 43-46 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 50-52 8918979-7 1996 Our results show that: (a) LTO and STO abolished the stimulatory effect of clonidine on GH secretion; (b) orchidectomy also abolished the stimulatory effect of clonidine in neonatal rats and that of xylazine in prepubertal males; (c) testosterone implanted at the moment of orchidectomy prevented the loss of the CLO effect in LTO and STO, but testosterone-delayed administration in LTO was unable to restore the effectiveness of CLO inducing GH release. Clonidine 75-84 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 88-90 8918979-7 1996 Our results show that: (a) LTO and STO abolished the stimulatory effect of clonidine on GH secretion; (b) orchidectomy also abolished the stimulatory effect of clonidine in neonatal rats and that of xylazine in prepubertal males; (c) testosterone implanted at the moment of orchidectomy prevented the loss of the CLO effect in LTO and STO, but testosterone-delayed administration in LTO was unable to restore the effectiveness of CLO inducing GH release. Clonidine 160-169 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 88-90 8762731-0 1996 Growth hormone responses to growth hormone-releasing hormone and clonidine in patients with type I diabetes and in normal controls: effect of age, body mass index and sex. Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8832496-5 1996 The glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU38486 administered centrally at the dose of 1 ng/mouse did not change the effects of clonidine, whereas it was able to block the effects of dexamethasone on clonidine-induced locomotor hypoactivity. Clonidine 198-207 nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 Mus musculus 4-27 8832496-6 1996 These results suggest that the effects of dexamethasone on clonidine-induced locomotor hypoactivity depend on the stimulating effects that dexamethasone exerts on the protein synthesis via the glucocorticoid receptor in the brain. Clonidine 59-68 nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 Mus musculus 193-216 8887976-10 1996 Clonidine (0.1 microM), a partial alpha 2-agonist, decrease glutamate/hypoxia-mediated calcium changes in CA1 (p = 0.01), but 1 microM clonidine, which stimulates alpha 1-receptors, did not. Clonidine 0-9 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 106-109 8626863-5 1996 Similarly, the same dose of GHRH-Ant markedly inhibited the GH-releasing activity of clonidine. Clonidine 85-94 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 28-32 8626863-5 1996 Similarly, the same dose of GHRH-Ant markedly inhibited the GH-releasing activity of clonidine. Clonidine 85-94 solute carrier family 25 member 6 Homo sapiens 33-36 8626863-0 1996 The inhibitory effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)-antagonist on GHRH, L-dopa, and clonidine-induced GH secretion in normal subjects. Clonidine 98-107 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 60-64 8626863-6 1996 It is concluded that the inhibitory potency of GHRH-Ant on GHRH(1-44)NH2 is relatively weak (about 1/60 in molar base), and that L-dopa- or clonidine-induced GH release seems to be mediated by the release of hypothalamic GHRH. Clonidine 140-149 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 47-51 8626863-6 1996 It is concluded that the inhibitory potency of GHRH-Ant on GHRH(1-44)NH2 is relatively weak (about 1/60 in molar base), and that L-dopa- or clonidine-induced GH release seems to be mediated by the release of hypothalamic GHRH. Clonidine 140-149 solute carrier family 25 member 6 Homo sapiens 52-55 8626863-6 1996 It is concluded that the inhibitory potency of GHRH-Ant on GHRH(1-44)NH2 is relatively weak (about 1/60 in molar base), and that L-dopa- or clonidine-induced GH release seems to be mediated by the release of hypothalamic GHRH. Clonidine 140-149 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 59-63 8723134-6 1996 Findings in patients with panic disorder at baseline related to heart rate, blood pressure, baseline norepinephrine and its metabolites, and platelet adrenergic receptors have been mixed, while the most consistent findings have been blunted growth hormone response to clonidine and increased 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylethylene-glucol (MHPG) and anxiety following stimulation of the noradrenergic system with yohimbine. Clonidine 268-277 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 241-255 8627569-8 1996 It is concluded that clonidine acts on alpha-1 adrenoceptors as a partial agonist, causing relaxation of the mesenteric artery precontracted with norepinephrine or contraction of preparations precontracted with endothelin. Clonidine 21-30 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 39-46 8852865-0 1996 Growth hormone response to clonidine and the cortisol response to dexamethasone in depressive patients. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8615503-6 1996 Clonidine and tizanidine 12 mg had also similar effects on the secretion of growth hormone. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 76-90 8887137-16 1996 The clonidine test may identify patients who may benefit from this combination, during the GH/hMG cycle and possibly also during the succeeding cycle. Clonidine 4-13 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 91-93 8561324-8 1996 The main reason for improved nitrogen economy may be clonidine-induced growth hormone (GH) release. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 71-85 8561324-8 1996 The main reason for improved nitrogen economy may be clonidine-induced growth hormone (GH) release. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 87-89 8820618-8 1996 Basal concentrations of GH and peak GH response to clonidine were significantly elevated and IGF-I concentrations were significantly depressed in the malnourished groups v. the other two groups. Clonidine 51-60 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 36-38 8632352-2 1996 Acute administration of CLO significantly decreased hypothalamic GHRH content [leaving unaltered GHRH messenger RNA (mRNA) levels] and increased plasma GH levels; hypothalamic SS content/mRNA levels and pituitary GH content/mRNA levels remained unchanged. Clonidine 24-27 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 65-69 8632352-2 1996 Acute administration of CLO significantly decreased hypothalamic GHRH content [leaving unaltered GHRH messenger RNA (mRNA) levels] and increased plasma GH levels; hypothalamic SS content/mRNA levels and pituitary GH content/mRNA levels remained unchanged. Clonidine 24-27 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 65-67 8632352-3 1996 In 1- and 3-day CLO-treated rats, by contrast, decreased hypothalamic GHRH content was coupled with a significant reduction in GHRH mRNA levels. Clonidine 16-19 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 70-74 8632352-5 1996 In 6-day CLO-treated rats, hypothalamic GHRH content and mRNA levels were still significantly reduced, plasma GH levels were increased, but to a lesser extent than in 1- and 3-day CLO-treated rats, and pituitary GH content and mRNA reverted to control levels. Clonidine 9-12 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 40-44 8632352-5 1996 In 6-day CLO-treated rats, hypothalamic GHRH content and mRNA levels were still significantly reduced, plasma GH levels were increased, but to a lesser extent than in 1- and 3-day CLO-treated rats, and pituitary GH content and mRNA reverted to control levels. Clonidine 9-12 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 40-42 8632352-5 1996 In 6-day CLO-treated rats, hypothalamic GHRH content and mRNA levels were still significantly reduced, plasma GH levels were increased, but to a lesser extent than in 1- and 3-day CLO-treated rats, and pituitary GH content and mRNA reverted to control levels. Clonidine 9-12 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 110-112 8632352-7 1996 These results indicate that 1) functional activation of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors by CLO increases GHRH release from the hypothalamus, 2) CLO, via GHRH, increases GH secretion and biosynthesis, which in turn feeds back in the hypothalamus to reduce GHRH biosynthesis, and 3) reduction of hypothalamic GH-stimulatory activity tones down the initial pituitary somatotropic hyperfunction. Clonidine 88-91 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 102-106 8632352-7 1996 These results indicate that 1) functional activation of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors by CLO increases GHRH release from the hypothalamus, 2) CLO, via GHRH, increases GH secretion and biosynthesis, which in turn feeds back in the hypothalamus to reduce GHRH biosynthesis, and 3) reduction of hypothalamic GH-stimulatory activity tones down the initial pituitary somatotropic hyperfunction. Clonidine 88-91 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 102-104 8632352-7 1996 These results indicate that 1) functional activation of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors by CLO increases GHRH release from the hypothalamus, 2) CLO, via GHRH, increases GH secretion and biosynthesis, which in turn feeds back in the hypothalamus to reduce GHRH biosynthesis, and 3) reduction of hypothalamic GH-stimulatory activity tones down the initial pituitary somatotropic hyperfunction. Clonidine 141-144 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 150-154 8632352-7 1996 These results indicate that 1) functional activation of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors by CLO increases GHRH release from the hypothalamus, 2) CLO, via GHRH, increases GH secretion and biosynthesis, which in turn feeds back in the hypothalamus to reduce GHRH biosynthesis, and 3) reduction of hypothalamic GH-stimulatory activity tones down the initial pituitary somatotropic hyperfunction. Clonidine 141-144 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 150-154 8632352-7 1996 These results indicate that 1) functional activation of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors by CLO increases GHRH release from the hypothalamus, 2) CLO, via GHRH, increases GH secretion and biosynthesis, which in turn feeds back in the hypothalamus to reduce GHRH biosynthesis, and 3) reduction of hypothalamic GH-stimulatory activity tones down the initial pituitary somatotropic hyperfunction. Clonidine 141-144 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 150-152 8833417-1 1996 Abstract The mixed alpha(1)/alpha(2) adrenoceptor agonist clonidine has been shown by us previously to impair certain attentional and executive functions in healthy volunteers. Clonidine 58-67 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 19-27 8950617-6 1996 The most widely established criterion is the peak serum GH concentration achieved during a provocative test, usually the insulin tolerance test (ITT), or following other pharmacological stimuli (e.g. glucagon, arginine, clonidine or GH-releasing factor) but, alternatively, a more physiological stimulus (such as sleep, fasting or exercise) has been used. Clonidine 220-229 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 56-58 8606442-0 1995 Nocturnal growth hormone (GH) secretion and GH response to clonidine provocation in children before and after long-term prednisone therapy. Clonidine 59-68 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 44-46 8938679-0 1996 Growth hormone responses to growth hormone-releasing hormone and clonidine before and after erythropoietin therapy in CAPD patients. Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8938679-2 1996 The aim of the present work was to evaluate the growth hormone (GH) responses to GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and clonidine stimulation, as well as the baseline concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I(IGF-I), before and after the correction of anemia with rhEPO in a group of uremic patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Clonidine 113-122 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 48-62 8938679-2 1996 The aim of the present work was to evaluate the growth hormone (GH) responses to GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and clonidine stimulation, as well as the baseline concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I(IGF-I), before and after the correction of anemia with rhEPO in a group of uremic patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Clonidine 113-122 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 64-66 8938679-15 1996 In control subjects, clonidine administration was followed by a GH release that reached a maximum at 90 min (7.67 +/- 2.24 micrograms/l). Clonidine 21-30 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 64-66 8904737-5 1996 Effects of PNMT inhibitors on growth hormone (GH) secretion caused by clonidine were examined in order to assess the effects of PNMT inhibitors on postsynaptic alpha-2-adrenoceptors in the hypothalamus. Clonidine 70-79 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 30-44 8666024-13 1995 Since WB-4101 also antagonized clonidine action on GH release we also suggest that the major component may be the stimulation of the alpha 2A-adrenoceptors in the clonidine action on GH release. Clonidine 31-40 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 51-53 8666024-13 1995 Since WB-4101 also antagonized clonidine action on GH release we also suggest that the major component may be the stimulation of the alpha 2A-adrenoceptors in the clonidine action on GH release. Clonidine 163-172 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 183-185 8606442-10 1995 Growth parameters (HtSDS and GVSDS) during LTPT correlated significantly with the peak GH response to clonidine (r=0.69 and 0.78, respectively) as well as to the growth parameters before therapy (r > 0.9). Clonidine 102-111 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 87-89 8606442-5 1995 GH response to clonidine as well as integrated and mean nocturnal GH secretion were significantly after LTPT. Clonidine 15-24 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 8606442-6 1995 GH response to clonidine as well as integrated and mean nocturnal GH secretion were significantly depressed after LTPT v. before treatment. Clonidine 15-24 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 8574291-0 1995 Effect of alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine on plasma growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations in barrows. Clonidine 37-46 insulin like growth factor 1 Sus scrofa 76-104 8747753-9 1995 Pretreatment with the competitive NMDA antagonist LY274614 (or the alpha2-adrenergic agonist clonidine) blocks morphine withdrawal-induced increased c-fos expression in the amygdala and nucleus accumbens, but not in the frontal cortex or hippocampus. Clonidine 93-102 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 149-154 8582323-10 1995 These data suggest that in the rat the mechanism of action of clonidine is mainly to stimulate endogenous GNRH secretion, while pyridostigmine appears to predominantly act by decreasing hypothalamic somatostatin. Clonidine 62-71 gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 Rattus norvegicus 106-110 7591009-9 1995 Sympathetic suppression with clonidine in congestive heart failure reduces preload, heart rate, and arterial pressure, all indexes of myocardial energy demand; the lack of significant reduction in systemic vascular resistance and increase in cardiac output might be attributable in part to enhanced release of vasopressin.2+ f2p4 Clonidine 29-38 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 310-321 8574291-1 1995 The effects of infusion of clonidine, an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, on plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations were investigated with a single growth hormone (GH) injection in pigs. Clonidine 27-36 insulin like growth factor 1 Sus scrofa 78-106 8574291-1 1995 The effects of infusion of clonidine, an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, on plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations were investigated with a single growth hormone (GH) injection in pigs. Clonidine 27-36 insulin like growth factor 1 Sus scrofa 108-113 8574291-6 1995 However, the IGF-I concentrations during clonidine infusion did not increase after the bGH injection. Clonidine 41-50 IGFI Bos taurus 13-18 8574291-11 1995 These results demonstrate that the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine altered the action of GH to increase the plasma IGF-I concentrations. Clonidine 62-71 IGFI Bos taurus 120-125 8586472-5 1995 After 150 min and 14 days of treatment with clonidine, plasma levels of beta-endorphin, leucine-enkephalin increased significantly (< 0.01) and correlated negatively with the decrease of the mean artery pressure (r = -0.340 and r = -0.436 at 150 min, r = -0.369 and r = -0.441 on the 14th day, respectively, P < 0.01). Clonidine 44-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 72-86 7643129-2 1995 This study evaluates the ability of clonidine and related drugs to regulate expression of the gene for the epinephrine-synthesizing enzyme phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) in the rat adrenal gland and in bovine adrenal chromaffin cell cultures. Clonidine 36-45 phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 139-177 7559897-13 1995 Six of the patients with a subnormal GH response to clonidine had similar IGF-I and IGFBP-3 serum levels and growth velocity compared to the other 34 girls with CPP and a normal GH response. Clonidine 52-61 insulin like growth factor binding protein 3 Homo sapiens 84-91 7573486-4 1995 The increase in [Na+]i induced by 10(-9) M ANG II was attenuated by inhibiting the Na+/H+ antiporter with clonidine, whereas HOE-694, a specific blocker of the NHE-1 isoform of the Na+/H+ exchanger, had no effect. Clonidine 106-115 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 43-49 8533964-2 1995 Ketamine in combination with clofelin helped reduce the activity of FR LPO. Clonidine 29-37 lactoperoxidase Homo sapiens 71-74 7495927-0 1995 Growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone and clonidine in depression. Clonidine 64-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7495927-1 1995 Growth hormone (GH) responses to the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine and to GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) were measured in 12 patients fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder and in 12 age- and sex-matched controls. Clonidine 66-75 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7495927-1 1995 Growth hormone (GH) responses to the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine and to GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) were measured in 12 patients fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder and in 12 age- and sex-matched controls. Clonidine 66-75 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 7495927-2 1995 GH responses to clonidine correlated significantly with the GH responses to GHRH in the depressed patients as well as in the controls. Clonidine 16-25 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 7495927-2 1995 GH responses to clonidine correlated significantly with the GH responses to GHRH in the depressed patients as well as in the controls. Clonidine 16-25 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-62 7495927-2 1995 GH responses to clonidine correlated significantly with the GH responses to GHRH in the depressed patients as well as in the controls. Clonidine 16-25 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 76-80 8544995-0 1995 Effect of administration of high dose intrathecal clonidine or morphine prior to sciatic nerve section on c-Fos expression in rat lumbar spinal cord. Clonidine 50-59 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 106-111 8544995-1 1995 The effects of moderate and high intrathecal doses of clonidine, an alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonist, or a high dose of morphine on sciatic nerve section-induced expression of c-Fos-like immunoreactivity was studied in laminae I and II of the dorsal horn and laminae VIII and IX of the ventral horn of rat lumbar spinal cord. Clonidine 54-63 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 172-177 8544995-2 1995 c-Fos-like immunoreactivity was examined by immunohistochemistry in normal rats (group 1), rats implanted with an intrathecal catheter with its tip on the lumbar spinal cord (group 2), injected with 10 micrograms (group 3) or 50 micrograms (group 4) clonidine intrathecally 3 h before being killed. Clonidine 250-259 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 0-5 8544995-6 1995 The level of c-Fos-like immunoreactivity after 10 or 50 micrograms intrathecal clonidine was similar as in the intrathecal catheter group. Clonidine 79-88 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 13-18 8544995-8 1995 Pretreatment with 10 or 10 micrograms clonidine did not reduce sciatic nerve section-induced expression of c-Fos-like immunoreactivity, but instead caused a significant bilateral increase in c-Fos-like immunoreactivity. Clonidine 38-47 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 191-196 7643129-6 1995 The effects of clonidine on PNMT mRNA appear to be distinct from and additive with those exerted by nicotine. Clonidine 15-24 phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 28-32 7643129-2 1995 This study evaluates the ability of clonidine and related drugs to regulate expression of the gene for the epinephrine-synthesizing enzyme phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) in the rat adrenal gland and in bovine adrenal chromaffin cell cultures. Clonidine 36-45 phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 179-183 7643129-3 1995 In vivo, PNMT and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA levels increase in rat adrenal medulla after a single injection of clonidine. Clonidine 116-125 phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 9-13 7643129-4 1995 Clonidine also dose-dependently stimulates PNMT mRNA expression in vitro in primary cultures of bovine chromaffin cells, with a threshold dose of 0.1 microM. Clonidine 0-9 phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase Bos taurus 43-47 7561639-0 1995 Inverse control of growth hormone and prolactin secretion in clonidine-stimulated dairy cattle. Clonidine 61-70 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 19-33 8538868-0 1995 The development of sexually dimorphic sensitivity to growth hormone (GH) feedback of the clonidine-induced GH surge in the rat. Clonidine 89-98 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 53-67 8538868-0 1995 The development of sexually dimorphic sensitivity to growth hormone (GH) feedback of the clonidine-induced GH surge in the rat. Clonidine 89-98 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 69-71 8538868-0 1995 The development of sexually dimorphic sensitivity to growth hormone (GH) feedback of the clonidine-induced GH surge in the rat. Clonidine 89-98 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 107-109 8538868-2 1995 Sensitivity to alpha 2-adrenergic stimulation was tested with clonidine (CLN, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist) which stimulates GH release in the adult male rat. Clonidine 62-71 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 126-128 8538868-2 1995 Sensitivity to alpha 2-adrenergic stimulation was tested with clonidine (CLN, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist) which stimulates GH release in the adult male rat. Clonidine 73-76 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 126-128 8538868-8 1995 In male tissue, there is an increase in GH release in response to CLN until 30 days of age, after which a slight decline in sensitivity occurs by 50 days of age and is maintained in adulthood. Clonidine 66-69 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 40-42 8538868-12 1995 In tissue from male rats, by 20 days of age there is an apparent GH-associated inhibition of the CLN-induced GH surge which is significant by 25 days, is more pronounced by 30 days of age, and is maintained after puberty at 50 days of age. Clonidine 97-100 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 65-67 8538868-12 1995 In tissue from male rats, by 20 days of age there is an apparent GH-associated inhibition of the CLN-induced GH surge which is significant by 25 days, is more pronounced by 30 days of age, and is maintained after puberty at 50 days of age. Clonidine 97-100 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 109-111 8538870-13 1995 AMY administration on clonidine (CLO)-induced GH secretion and on dopamine and noradrenaline content in the brain, since it is known that GHRH is a stimulus sensitive to changes in central catecholaminergic activity. Clonidine 22-31 islet amyloid polypeptide Rattus norvegicus 0-3 8538870-13 1995 AMY administration on clonidine (CLO)-induced GH secretion and on dopamine and noradrenaline content in the brain, since it is known that GHRH is a stimulus sensitive to changes in central catecholaminergic activity. Clonidine 22-31 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 46-48 8538870-13 1995 AMY administration on clonidine (CLO)-induced GH secretion and on dopamine and noradrenaline content in the brain, since it is known that GHRH is a stimulus sensitive to changes in central catecholaminergic activity. Clonidine 33-36 islet amyloid polypeptide Rattus norvegicus 0-3 8538870-13 1995 AMY administration on clonidine (CLO)-induced GH secretion and on dopamine and noradrenaline content in the brain, since it is known that GHRH is a stimulus sensitive to changes in central catecholaminergic activity. Clonidine 33-36 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 46-48 7578668-0 1995 Growth hormone response to clonidine in nondepressed patients with a history of suicide attempts. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7561639-0 1995 Inverse control of growth hormone and prolactin secretion in clonidine-stimulated dairy cattle. Clonidine 61-70 prolactin Bos taurus 38-47 7561639-1 1995 Clonidine is a specific alpha-2-adrenoreceptor agonist that stimulates growth hormone (GH) release in animals and humans. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 71-85 7561639-1 1995 Clonidine is a specific alpha-2-adrenoreceptor agonist that stimulates growth hormone (GH) release in animals and humans. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 87-89 7561639-5 1995 Plasma PRL decreased significantly (P < 0.01) starting 15-60 min after both doses of clonidine, this effect lasting up to 6 h. Clonidine significantly lowered plasma insulin (P < 0.01) and raised plasma glucose (P < 0.01). Clonidine 88-97 prolactin Bos taurus 7-10 7561639-5 1995 Plasma PRL decreased significantly (P < 0.01) starting 15-60 min after both doses of clonidine, this effect lasting up to 6 h. Clonidine significantly lowered plasma insulin (P < 0.01) and raised plasma glucose (P < 0.01). Clonidine 130-139 prolactin Bos taurus 7-10 7561639-5 1995 Plasma PRL decreased significantly (P < 0.01) starting 15-60 min after both doses of clonidine, this effect lasting up to 6 h. Clonidine significantly lowered plasma insulin (P < 0.01) and raised plasma glucose (P < 0.01). Clonidine 130-139 insulin Bos taurus 169-176 7545885-12 1995 Taken together, these results suggest that clonidine and cirazoline inhibit Na+ and Ca2+ entry through the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor via a nonadrenergic mechanism that is independent of G-proteins and cyclic nucleotides, presumably by direct blockade of the intrinsic ion channel of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Clonidine 43-52 cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 subunit Rattus norvegicus 107-139 7563274-0 1995 Defective clonidine-induced growth hormone secretion and normal thyroid and adrenal functions in prepubertal children with chronic renal insufficiency (CRF). Clonidine 10-19 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 28-42 7563274-1 1995 We evaluated clonidine-induced growth hormone (GH) secretion, insulin-like factor-I (IGF-I), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations, basal (8-h) as well as adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) provoked cortisol secretion in 14 prepubertal children suffering from chronic renal failure (CRF) with impaired statural growth [growth velocity (GV) = 3.7 +/- 0.3 cm/year] and compared these values with those of 10 normal age matched children with normal variant short stature (NVSS) (GV = 4.6 +/- 0.4 cm/year). Clonidine 13-22 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 31-45 7563274-4 1995 The peak GH response to clonidine was significantly lower in children with CRF (8.4 +/- 1.7 micrograms/l) v. (19.6 +/- 2.3 micrograms/l) for the control group (P < 0.01). Clonidine 24-33 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 9-11 7603406-3 1995 Growth hormone (GH) reserve was assessed by two different provocative stimuli (Clonidine and L-Dopa). Clonidine 79-88 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7603406-3 1995 Growth hormone (GH) reserve was assessed by two different provocative stimuli (Clonidine and L-Dopa). Clonidine 79-88 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 7478230-3 1995 Clonidine (alpha 2 agonist) and yohimbine (alpha 2 antagonist) injected into LH previous to injection of ANGII into LV also abolished the inhibitory effect of ANGII. Clonidine 0-9 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 105-110 7478230-3 1995 Clonidine (alpha 2 agonist) and yohimbine (alpha 2 antagonist) injected into LH previous to injection of ANGII into LV also abolished the inhibitory effect of ANGII. Clonidine 0-9 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 159-164 7545885-12 1995 Taken together, these results suggest that clonidine and cirazoline inhibit Na+ and Ca2+ entry through the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor via a nonadrenergic mechanism that is independent of G-proteins and cyclic nucleotides, presumably by direct blockade of the intrinsic ion channel of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Clonidine 43-52 cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 subunit Rattus norvegicus 294-326 24283632-0 1995 Central defects of autonomic function in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: observations based on cardiovascular and growth hormone responses to clonidine. Clonidine 152-161 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 124-138 8525861-3 1995 In the present study, in a first part, we assessed the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine, a selective alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, and to apomorphine, a dopaminergic agonist, in 22 DSM-III-R major depressive male inpatients with a history of suicide attempts compared to 22 age-matched major depressive inpatients without history of suicidal behavior. Clonidine 87-96 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 55-69 8525861-3 1995 In the present study, in a first part, we assessed the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine, a selective alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, and to apomorphine, a dopaminergic agonist, in 22 DSM-III-R major depressive male inpatients with a history of suicide attempts compared to 22 age-matched major depressive inpatients without history of suicidal behavior. Clonidine 87-96 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 71-73 24283632-10 1995 The impaired growth hormone response to clonidine occurred in a greater number of patients and may indicate lesions in the hypothalamus. Clonidine 40-49 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-27 24283632-11 1995 These observations in MS patients, without overt clinical evidence of autonomic failure, indicate that the haemodynamic and growth hormone responses to clonidine may be an early indicator of autonomic dysfunction involving central autonomic centres and pathways. Clonidine 152-161 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 124-138 7477880-0 1995 Clonidine and rilmenidine suppress hypotension-induced Fos expression in the lower brainstem of the conscious rabbit. Clonidine 0-9 proto-oncogene c-Fos Oryctolagus cuniculus 55-58 7647083-10 1995 Only clonidine 300 micrograms produced a significant elevation in GH release. Clonidine 5-14 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 66-68 7675304-0 1995 Peri-administration of clonidine or MK801 delays but does not prevent the development of mechanical hyperalgesia in a model of mononeuropathy in the rat. Clonidine 23-32 perilipin 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 7675304-6 1995 Similarly, when compared with saline treated controls, the degree of hyperalgesia measured in animals following peri-administration of clonidine was significantly less when measured 16 and 28 days after surgery, but did not differ significantly at any of the time points tested between 42 and 150 days following surgery. Clonidine 135-144 perilipin 1 Rattus norvegicus 112-116 7788012-0 1995 Growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), insulin, clonidine and arginine after GHRH pretreatment in obese children: evidence of somatostatin increase? Clonidine 77-86 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7626468-7 1995 Moreover, to investigate the specificity of this mechanism, GHRH-induced GH release was tested after inducing hypercortisolism and enhancing alpha 2-adrenergic or muscarinic cholinergic tone, by giving clonidine (CLO) or pyridostigmine (PD), respectively. Clonidine 202-211 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 60-64 7626468-7 1995 Moreover, to investigate the specificity of this mechanism, GHRH-induced GH release was tested after inducing hypercortisolism and enhancing alpha 2-adrenergic or muscarinic cholinergic tone, by giving clonidine (CLO) or pyridostigmine (PD), respectively. Clonidine 202-211 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-62 7626468-7 1995 Moreover, to investigate the specificity of this mechanism, GHRH-induced GH release was tested after inducing hypercortisolism and enhancing alpha 2-adrenergic or muscarinic cholinergic tone, by giving clonidine (CLO) or pyridostigmine (PD), respectively. Clonidine 213-216 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 60-64 7672004-1 1995 The role of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the central regulation of blood pressure has been questioned, since drugs such as clonidine stimulate both alpha 2-adrenoceptors and imidazoline-preferring receptors. Clonidine 119-128 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 12-33 7672004-1 1995 The role of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the central regulation of blood pressure has been questioned, since drugs such as clonidine stimulate both alpha 2-adrenoceptors and imidazoline-preferring receptors. Clonidine 119-128 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 144-165 7568369-0 1995 Growth-hormone response to clonidine in panic disorder patients in comparison to patients with major depression and healthy controls. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7568369-1 1995 Growth-hormone (GH) responses to the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine were measured in 9 panic disorder patients, in 9 patients fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive episode, and in 9 age- and sex-matched controls. Clonidine 66-75 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7671940-1 1995 UNLABELLED: Growth hormone (GH) secretion was determined by evaluating circadian GH profiles for 24 h and GH responses to clonidine stimulation test and insulin-stimulated hypoglycaemia (ITT), in nine prepubertal children with beta-thalassaemia major (TM) and 17 with non-GH deficient short stature (NGHDSS). Clonidine 122-131 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 12-26 7738044-4 1995 At nanomolar concentrations of clonidine (full alpha 2-AR agonist) or oxymetazoline (partial alpha 2A-AR agonist), adenylyl cyclase activity was inhibited by up to 50 +/- 7% at mid-pregnancy or 75 +/- 7% at term, whereas at micromolar concentrations, alpha 2-AR agonists potentiate adenylyl cyclase activity by 140-170% at mid-pregnancy. Clonidine 31-40 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 93-104 7617133-0 1995 Clonidine potentiates the growth hormone response to a growth hormone releasing hormone challenge in hypothalamic growth hormone releasing hormone deficient rats. Clonidine 0-9 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 26-40 7617133-0 1995 Clonidine potentiates the growth hormone response to a growth hormone releasing hormone challenge in hypothalamic growth hormone releasing hormone deficient rats. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 55-87 7617133-0 1995 Clonidine potentiates the growth hormone response to a growth hormone releasing hormone challenge in hypothalamic growth hormone releasing hormone deficient rats. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 114-146 7477880-9 1995 In comparison with this group, in rabbits pretreated with clonidine the numbers of Fos-positive cells were greatly reduced (by 76-94%) in the rostral, intermediate and caudal parts of the ventrolateral medulla, area postrema, A5 area, locus coeruleus and subcoeruleus. Clonidine 58-67 proto-oncogene c-Fos Oryctolagus cuniculus 83-86 7568369-1 1995 Growth-hormone (GH) responses to the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine were measured in 9 panic disorder patients, in 9 patients fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive episode, and in 9 age- and sex-matched controls. Clonidine 66-75 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 7477880-10 1995 Clonidine pretreatment also caused a more moderate reduction (by 45%) in the number of Fos-positive cells in the nucleus of the solitary tract, but had no effect on Fos expression in the parabrachial nucleus. Clonidine 0-9 proto-oncogene c-Fos Oryctolagus cuniculus 87-90 7568369-2 1995 GH responses to clonidine were not significantly different between the groups. Clonidine 16-25 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 7568369-3 1995 The data do not agree with the assumption that blunted GH responses to clonidine represent a general feature of panic disorder or major depression. Clonidine 71-80 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 55-57 7477880-11 1995 Double-labeling for tyrosine hydroxylase and Fos immunoreactivity showed that clonidine pretreatment greatly reduced the numbers of both catecholamine and non-catecholamine Fos-positive neurons. Clonidine 78-87 proto-oncogene c-Fos Oryctolagus cuniculus 45-48 7477880-11 1995 Double-labeling for tyrosine hydroxylase and Fos immunoreactivity showed that clonidine pretreatment greatly reduced the numbers of both catecholamine and non-catecholamine Fos-positive neurons. Clonidine 78-87 proto-oncogene c-Fos Oryctolagus cuniculus 173-176 7535224-3 1995 In this study, we investigated the relationship between P300 amplitude and catecholaminergic neurotransmission as assessed by the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and apomorphine challenges in 20 major depressive patients. Clonidine 162-171 E1A binding protein p300 Homo sapiens 56-60 7624831-0 1995 NMDA antagonists and clonidine block c-fos expression during morphine withdrawal. Clonidine 21-30 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 37-42 7542145-14 1995 C-Fos expression induced by naltrexone-precipitated withdrawal was examined in the brainstem of freely moving morphine-dependent rats pretreated with clonidine or saline before injection of the opioid antagonist. Clonidine 150-159 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 0-5 7694915-0 1995 Persistence of blunted human growth hormone response to clonidine in fluoxetine-treated patients with panic disorder. Clonidine 56-65 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-43 7694915-1 1995 OBJECTIVE: The authors determined the effects of antipanic treatment with fluoxetine on human growth hormone (GH) response to the alpha 2 agonist clonidine. Clonidine 146-155 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 94-108 7694915-1 1995 OBJECTIVE: The authors determined the effects of antipanic treatment with fluoxetine on human growth hormone (GH) response to the alpha 2 agonist clonidine. Clonidine 146-155 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 110-112 7694915-6 1995 RESULTS: The patients with panic disorder (N = 13 for the first challenge and N = 9 for the second) had significantly lower human GH responses to clonidine than the healthy subjects (N = 14 during the first challenge and N = 9 for the second) during both challenges, despite clinical improvement in eight of the nine patients at the time of the second challenge. Clonidine 146-155 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 130-132 7694915-7 1995 CONCLUSIONS: Blunted secretion of human GH in response to clonidine in patients with panic disorder persists despite clinical recovery. Clonidine 58-67 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 40-42 7619663-5 1995 Clonidine decreased blood pressure, heart rate, oral body temperature, salivary excretion, plasma noradrenaline, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) concentrations, increased plasma growth hormone but did not modify plasma insulin and C-peptide concentrations. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 179-193 7619663-5 1995 Clonidine decreased blood pressure, heart rate, oral body temperature, salivary excretion, plasma noradrenaline, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) concentrations, increased plasma growth hormone but did not modify plasma insulin and C-peptide concentrations. Clonidine 0-9 insulin Homo sapiens 220-227 7619663-6 1995 Treatments tended to modify only the effect of clonidine on growth hormone (P = 0.07). Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-74 7535224-3 1995 In this study, we investigated the relationship between P300 amplitude and catecholaminergic neurotransmission as assessed by the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and apomorphine challenges in 20 major depressive patients. Clonidine 162-171 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 130-144 7535224-3 1995 In this study, we investigated the relationship between P300 amplitude and catecholaminergic neurotransmission as assessed by the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and apomorphine challenges in 20 major depressive patients. Clonidine 162-171 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 146-148 7761697-0 1995 Growth hormone responses to growth hormone-releasing hormone and clonidine in dogs with Cushing"s syndrome. Clonidine 65-74 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 0-14 7761697-4 1995 Similarly, the GH response to clonidine was inhibited in the dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, the mean GH peak being 9.3 (3.3) ng ml-1 compared with 135.6 (43.3) ng ml-1 in the control dogs. Clonidine 30-39 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 15-17 7761697-4 1995 Similarly, the GH response to clonidine was inhibited in the dogs with hyperadrenocorticism, the mean GH peak being 9.3 (3.3) ng ml-1 compared with 135.6 (43.3) ng ml-1 in the control dogs. Clonidine 30-39 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 102-104 7740072-0 1995 The NMDA receptor complex modulates clonidine-induced increases in growth hormone levels in rats. Clonidine 36-45 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 67-81 7740072-1 1995 Intraperitoneal administration of clonidine (50 micrograms/kg) produced increases in growth hormone levels in male Wistar rats. Clonidine 34-43 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 85-99 7740072-4 1995 Attenuation of clonidine"s effect on growth hormone levels by NMDA receptor-associated glycine site antagonists appears most likely due to an interaction between their effects on the NMDA receptor complex with growth hormone releasing factor. Clonidine 15-24 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 37-51 7756634-2 1995 Microinjections of NPY and l-adrenaline alone into the NTS induced neuronal c-Fos IR in parts of the NTS-dmnX complex, while clonidine had no action. Clonidine 125-134 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 19-22 7740072-4 1995 Attenuation of clonidine"s effect on growth hormone levels by NMDA receptor-associated glycine site antagonists appears most likely due to an interaction between their effects on the NMDA receptor complex with growth hormone releasing factor. Clonidine 15-24 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 210-224 7858731-2 1995 Additionally, in the obese women and in the controls, plasma ANP was measured after iv injection of clonidine. Clonidine 100-109 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 61-64 7858731-7 1995 A significant increase of ANP was found after iv injection of clonidine in the control group and in obesity (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). Clonidine 62-71 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 26-29 7756634-4 1995 Coinjections of NPY and l-adrenaline or clonidine into the NTS reduced the NPY-induced increase in c-Fos IR. Clonidine 40-49 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 75-78 7756634-4 1995 Coinjections of NPY and l-adrenaline or clonidine into the NTS reduced the NPY-induced increase in c-Fos IR. Clonidine 40-49 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 99-104 7873712-3 1995 Responses to clonidine were trivial (< 5% of maximum) and remained < 25% of maximum in the presence of subthreshold concentrations of angiotensin II. Clonidine 13-22 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 140-154 7759787-0 1995 Growth rate and growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone challenge in slowly growing children during chronic administration of clonidine. Clonidine 146-155 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 43-75 7759787-1 1995 In this study the effects of chronic administration of clonidine, an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, on the growth rate and GH response to GHRH in 12 "slowly growing" children were reported. Clonidine 55-64 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 135-139 7584524-1 1995 It is well established that the central alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine can enhance growth hormone (GH) secretion in humans. Clonidine 67-76 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 89-103 7584524-1 1995 It is well established that the central alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine can enhance growth hormone (GH) secretion in humans. Clonidine 67-76 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 105-107 7584524-6 1995 Serum GH levels increased significantly in response to GHRH, clonidine, and moxonidine. Clonidine 61-70 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 6-8 7584524-7 1995 However, the increase was less pronounced in response to clonidine and moxonidine as compared to GHRH (mean +/- SEM): after clonidine, GH increased from 0.2 +/- 0.1 to 5.4 +/- 1.5 ng/ml, p < 0.05; moxonidine increased GH levels from 0.1 +/- 0.04 to 4.8 +/- 1.9 ng/ml (p < 0.05); GHRH caused an increase from 0.01 +/- 0.05 to 14.8 +/- 2.5 ng/ml (p < 0.05). Clonidine 57-66 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 135-137 7584524-7 1995 However, the increase was less pronounced in response to clonidine and moxonidine as compared to GHRH (mean +/- SEM): after clonidine, GH increased from 0.2 +/- 0.1 to 5.4 +/- 1.5 ng/ml, p < 0.05; moxonidine increased GH levels from 0.1 +/- 0.04 to 4.8 +/- 1.9 ng/ml (p < 0.05); GHRH caused an increase from 0.01 +/- 0.05 to 14.8 +/- 2.5 ng/ml (p < 0.05). Clonidine 124-133 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 97-101 7584524-7 1995 However, the increase was less pronounced in response to clonidine and moxonidine as compared to GHRH (mean +/- SEM): after clonidine, GH increased from 0.2 +/- 0.1 to 5.4 +/- 1.5 ng/ml, p < 0.05; moxonidine increased GH levels from 0.1 +/- 0.04 to 4.8 +/- 1.9 ng/ml (p < 0.05); GHRH caused an increase from 0.01 +/- 0.05 to 14.8 +/- 2.5 ng/ml (p < 0.05). Clonidine 124-133 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 97-99 7584524-7 1995 However, the increase was less pronounced in response to clonidine and moxonidine as compared to GHRH (mean +/- SEM): after clonidine, GH increased from 0.2 +/- 0.1 to 5.4 +/- 1.5 ng/ml, p < 0.05; moxonidine increased GH levels from 0.1 +/- 0.04 to 4.8 +/- 1.9 ng/ml (p < 0.05); GHRH caused an increase from 0.01 +/- 0.05 to 14.8 +/- 2.5 ng/ml (p < 0.05). Clonidine 124-133 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 135-137 7566518-4 1995 Indeed, whereas the influence of tricyclic antidepressants on the GH response to apomorphine is presently unknown, several reports have suggested that tricyclics may impair the GH response to clonidine for periods longer than 3 weeks following their discontinuation. Clonidine 192-201 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 177-179 7716078-7 1995 Because clonidine acts on the hypothalamus to release GHRH, its failure to synergize with hexarelin in aged dogs is likely due to an age-related impairment of GHRH-secreting neurons. Clonidine 8-17 growth hormone releasing hormone Canis lupus familiaris 54-58 7992901-12 1994 Blood pressure and heart rate responses to a change to 3% isoflurane were significantly blunted in the groups receiving clonidine (peak changes of 4 +/- 4 mmHg and 8 +/- 3 beats.min-1, respectively) or nasal lidocaine (peak changes of 2 +/- 1 mmHg and 4 +/- 2 beats.min-1, respectively) compared with the control group. Clonidine 120-129 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 266-271 8584654-0 1995 Metabolism of agmatine (clonidine-displacing substance) by diamine oxidase and the possible implications for studies of imidazoline receptors. Clonidine 24-33 amine oxidase, copper containing 1 Rattus norvegicus 59-74 7698202-3 1994 In contrast, in the competition experiments, the neuropeptide Y Y1 and the neuropeptide Y Y2 receptor agonists decreased and increased, respectively, with the same potency the IC50 value of l-adrenaline and especially of clonidine for the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist binding sites associated with an increase and a decrease of the B0 value, respectively. Clonidine 221-230 neuropeptide Y receptor Y2 Rattus norvegicus 75-101 7892755-7 1994 After clonidine, there was a fall in blood pressure in NS and MSA patients but not in MS and PAF patients; a rise in growth hormone (GH) in NS and PAF patients but not in MS and MSA patients; and an up-regulation in PBMCs beta-adrenoceptors in NS but not in MS, MSA and PAF patients. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 117-131 7892755-7 1994 After clonidine, there was a fall in blood pressure in NS and MSA patients but not in MS and PAF patients; a rise in growth hormone (GH) in NS and PAF patients but not in MS and MSA patients; and an up-regulation in PBMCs beta-adrenoceptors in NS but not in MS, MSA and PAF patients. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 133-135 7898321-5 1994 In the "saline" group, the clonidine/saline animals had significantly less NET mRNA expression compared to the saline/saline animals. Clonidine 27-36 solute carrier family 6 member 2 Rattus norvegicus 75-78 7898321-6 1994 In the "DMI" group an attentuation of the DMI-induced increase in NET mRNA was observed in the clonidine/DMI animals compared to the saline/DMI animals. Clonidine 95-104 solute carrier family 6 member 2 Rattus norvegicus 66-69 7892112-3 1994 Activation of alpha 2-adrenoceptors by clonidine (an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist) or noradrenaline (a non-selective alpha-adrenoceptor agonist), both in the presence of 0.1 microM prazosin to block alpha 1-adrenoceptors, caused a slow and sustained increase in [Ca2+]i which was inhibited by 0.1 microM rauwolscine (an alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist). Clonidine 39-48 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 14-35 7713285-7 1994 Even high doses of oestradiol during GnRH agonist treatment do not abolish flushes, whereas the alpha 2-adrenergic agonists such as clonidine and alpha-methyldopa abolish flushes during treatment with GnRH agonists. Clonidine 132-141 gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 Homo sapiens 201-205 7875228-3 1994 In beta-escin-skinned strips of chloroethylclonidine-pretreated smooth muscle, the enhancement of Ca2+ contraction produced by norepinephrine was significantly decreased, whereas the amplitude was the same as that produced by methoxamine or clonidine; this enhancement was inhibited by the selective alpha 1A-adrenoceptor antagonist WB 4101 (100 nM). Clonidine 43-52 alpha-1A adrenergic receptor Oryctolagus cuniculus 300-321 7938032-2 1994 Clonidine and BRO (10(-6) M) inhibited basal and GHRH (10(-10) M)-stimulated GH release. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 49-53 7943831-1 1994 BACKGROUND: Because clonidine, a relative selective alpha 2-agonist, inhibits the action of arginine vasopressin (AVP), the authors examined whether clonidine as an oral preanesthetic medication would induce diuresis and also would affect AVP release and its action during general anesthesia. Clonidine 20-29 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 92-112 7943831-1 1994 BACKGROUND: Because clonidine, a relative selective alpha 2-agonist, inhibits the action of arginine vasopressin (AVP), the authors examined whether clonidine as an oral preanesthetic medication would induce diuresis and also would affect AVP release and its action during general anesthesia. Clonidine 20-29 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 114-117 7835532-9 1994 Both the steady-state plasma and CSF concentrations of clonidine were proportional to the dose; the ratio of CSF to plasma concentration was approximately 0.5. Clonidine 55-64 colony stimulating factor 2 Canis lupus familiaris 33-36 7666676-10 1994 NPY may contribute to the increased blood pressure in hypertensives and together with NA, mediate hypotensive action of clonidine but only in the hyperadrenergic subgroup of hypertensives. Clonidine 120-129 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 0-3 7831997-3 1994 The GH and beta-endorphin responses to clonidine were blunted in group A subjects compared with controls and normal in group B. Clonidine 39-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-25 7921231-7 1994 The GH responses to both clonidine and growth hormone-releasing hormone became impaired. Clonidine 25-34 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 4-6 7938032-2 1994 Clonidine and BRO (10(-6) M) inhibited basal and GHRH (10(-10) M)-stimulated GH release. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-51 7813592-6 1994 Cardiovascular analysis demonstrated that a threshold dose of angiotensin II (0.05 pmol) counteracted the vasodepressor effect produced by an ED50 dose of l-adrenaline, l-noradrenaline or clonidine coinjected in the nucleus tractus solitarii. Clonidine 188-197 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 62-76 7869229-3 1994 Systemic administration of clonidine acutely suppressed NAT activity of chick pineal gland, but did not affect the phase of subsequent cycles in constant darkness. Clonidine 27-36 arylamine N-acetyltransferase, liver isozyme Gallus gallus 56-59 7870845-1 1994 Growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) responses to the acute administration of clonidine (150 micrograms) and apomorphine (0.5 mg) were investigated in parallel in 20 drug-free subchronic and chronic schizophrenic patients and in nine control subjects. Clonidine 81-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7869229-0 1994 Clonidine in vivo mimics the acute suppressive but not the phase-shifting effects of light on circadian rhythm of serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity in chick pineal gland. Clonidine 0-9 aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase Gallus gallus 114-143 7869229-1 1994 Comparative in vivo studies on effects of pulses of light and clonidine, a selective agonist of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors, on the circadian rhythm of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity in chick pineal gland were performed. Clonidine 62-71 aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase Gallus gallus 153-182 7869229-1 1994 Comparative in vivo studies on effects of pulses of light and clonidine, a selective agonist of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors, on the circadian rhythm of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity in chick pineal gland were performed. Clonidine 62-71 arylamine N-acetyltransferase, liver isozyme Gallus gallus 184-187 7870845-1 1994 Growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) responses to the acute administration of clonidine (150 micrograms) and apomorphine (0.5 mg) were investigated in parallel in 20 drug-free subchronic and chronic schizophrenic patients and in nine control subjects. Clonidine 81-90 prolactin Homo sapiens 35-38 7870845-5 1994 A greater than normal GH response to clonidine stimulation was observed in paranoid patients. Clonidine 37-46 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-24 7942005-8 1994 The peak GH responses to insulin and clonidine hydrochloride were 5.8 and 8.2 ng/mL, respectively. Clonidine 37-60 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 9-11 7946243-5 1994 Whereas 16 pregnancies were achieved in the 26 Clonidine-negative patients (61.5%) either in the GH/hMG cycle (11) or in the succeeding one (5), no benefit was detected in 8 Clonidine-positive patients from the GH/hMG combination. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 97-99 7929726-5 1994 A significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the secretion of growth hormone 60-90 min after clonidine ingestion was observed in the low responders as compared to five controls with previous normal response to ovarian stimulation. Clonidine 88-97 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 57-71 7993663-3 1994 Two patients with propionic acidemia had decreased growth hormone secretion in response to provocative stimuli (intravenous L-arginine and oral levodopa or clonidine); the remaining subjects had sufficient growth hormone secretion. Clonidine 156-165 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 51-65 7981483-7 1994 Elderly monkeys show deficits in performance of the delayed response task, which can be reversed directly by both the mixed alpha 1/alpha 2-agonist clonidine, the more specific alpha 2-agonist guanfacine and also, indirectly, by the alpha 2-antagonist yohimbine. Clonidine 148-157 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 124-139 7949505-4 1994 Higher dosages of clonidine than previously reported in the literature (0.9 mg/d in divided doses) were needed to completely relieve his RLS symptoms. Clonidine 18-27 RLS1 Homo sapiens 137-140 7949505-10 1994 DISCUSSION: Clonidine alleviated RLS symptoms in 30 of 41 patients reported in the literature, indicating that the adrenergic nervous system may play a role in RLS. Clonidine 12-21 RLS1 Homo sapiens 33-36 7949505-10 1994 DISCUSSION: Clonidine alleviated RLS symptoms in 30 of 41 patients reported in the literature, indicating that the adrenergic nervous system may play a role in RLS. Clonidine 12-21 RLS1 Homo sapiens 160-163 7949505-11 1994 CONCLUSIONS: High-dose clonidine appears to be useful in treating RLS when other therapies fail. Clonidine 23-32 RLS1 Homo sapiens 66-69 7949506-3 1994 After the addition of a minimal dose of clonidine (0.15 mg bid), she developed complete AV block and severe hypotension, which resolved upon cessation of all medications. Clonidine 40-49 BH3 interacting domain death agonist Homo sapiens 59-62 7949506-5 1994 After the addition of clonidine 0.15 mg bid she developed complete AV block, which resolved after all therapy was stopped. Clonidine 22-31 BH3 interacting domain death agonist Homo sapiens 40-43 8080904-0 1994 Growth hormone response to growth hormone releasing hormone and to clonidine stimulation in peripubertal patients with major depressive disorder. Clonidine 67-76 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7942062-5 1994 Direct splanchnic nerve stimulation (10 Hz, 5 min, bilaterally), or exogenous administration of the alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (15 micrograms h-1 kg-1), inhibited the secretion stimulated by PGE2, but not by VIP. Clonidine 129-138 vasoactive intestinal peptide Rattus norvegicus 220-223 8206615-0 1994 Clonidine reverses the slowly developing hypertension produced by low doses of angiotensin II. Clonidine 0-9 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 79-93 8206615-11 1994 The antihypertensive response to clonidine after 6 hours on days 2, 7, and 12 of the Ang II infusion in these rats was -18 +/- 8, -16 +/- 5, and -23 +/- 9 mm Hg, respectively. Clonidine 33-42 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 85-91 8069405-2 1994 After clonidine, there was a decrease in blood pressure and plasma noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (Ad) levels, with an increase in growth hormone (GH) levels, in both NT and HT. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 134-148 8069405-2 1994 After clonidine, there was a decrease in blood pressure and plasma noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (Ad) levels, with an increase in growth hormone (GH) levels, in both NT and HT. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 150-152 7519979-0 1994 Effect of the combined administration of galanin and clonidine on serum growth hormone levels in normal subjects and in patients under chronic glucocorticoid treatment. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 72-86 7519979-1 1994 Aim of our study was to investigate the effect of clonidine and galanin (alone or in combination) on growth hormone (GH) secretion in normal subjects and in adult patients with increased somatostatin tone due to chronic daily immunosuppressive glucocorticoid treatment. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 101-115 7519979-1 1994 Aim of our study was to investigate the effect of clonidine and galanin (alone or in combination) on growth hormone (GH) secretion in normal subjects and in adult patients with increased somatostatin tone due to chronic daily immunosuppressive glucocorticoid treatment. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 117-119 7972568-3 1994 In the present study, we assessed the growth hormone response to clonidine, a selective alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, in 15 DSM-III-R major depressive inpatients with a history of suicide attempts, compared with 15 age- and gender-matched major depressive inpatients without a history of suicidal behavior. Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 38-52 7972568-4 1994 Mean (+/- SD) growth hormone peak responses to clonidine were significantly lower in the group of suicide attempters than in the control group: 2.93 +/- 3.01 ng/ml vs. 8.28 +/- 8.15 ng/ml. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 14-28 7972568-5 1994 Therefore, these results suggest that a blunted growth hormone response to clonidine could be a biological correlate of suicidal behavior. Clonidine 75-84 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 48-62 8045100-4 1994 In contrast, intravenous injection of the centrally acting alpha 2-agonist clonidine (2 micrograms/kg) elicited a release of GH. Clonidine 75-84 somatotropin Ovis aries 125-127 7913948-0 1994 Evidence for a primary involvement of somatostatin in clonidine-induced growth hormone release in conscious rats. Clonidine 54-63 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 38-50 7913948-0 1994 Evidence for a primary involvement of somatostatin in clonidine-induced growth hormone release in conscious rats. Clonidine 54-63 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 72-86 7913948-2 1994 In the present study, we examined the effects of various doses of clonidine on spontaneous pulsatile GH secretion in conscious rats, and tested the hypothesis that the GH-releasing activity of clonidine is mediated primarily by an inhibition of hypothalamic somatostatin (SRIF) release. Clonidine 193-202 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 258-270 8029274-3 1994 Potentiation of clonidine"s effect on growth hormone levels following short-term lithium treatment appears most likely due to increased serotonergic function as a consequence of enhanced 5-HT concentrations at postsynaptic 5-HT1C receptor sites. Clonidine 16-25 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C Rattus norvegicus 223-229 7911062-8 1994 The presence of alpha 2A-ARs in a large fraction of bulbospinal pre-sympathetic neurons (noradrenergic A5, adrenergic C1 and C3 and serotonergic raphe cells) could explain the powerful and relatively selective effect of clonidine and other centrally acting alpha 2A-AR agonists on sympathetic efferent activity and hypertension. Clonidine 220-229 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Rattus norvegicus 16-27 7832833-3 1994 Numerous other neuroendocrine disturbances have also been described, including blunted clonidine-induced growth hormone release and blunted fenfluramine-induced prolactin release. Clonidine 87-96 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 105-119 8208987-2 1994 The aim of the present work was to demonstrate the possible additive effect of lithium and clonidine with 5-HT1a agonists in the forced swimming test. Clonidine 91-100 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A Mus musculus 106-112 8208987-0 1994 Additive effect of lithium and clonidine with 5-HT1A agonists in the forced swimming test. Clonidine 31-40 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A Mus musculus 46-52 8177029-5 1994 Vasopressin infusion in rats pretreated with clonidine significantly increased arterial pressure and significantly decreased portal pressure, portal tributary blood flow and cardiac index. Clonidine 45-54 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 0-11 8027274-0 1994 Growth hormone co-treatment for ovulation induction may enhance conception in the co-treatment and succeeding cycles, in clonidine negative but not clonidine positive patients. Clonidine 121-130 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8027274-4 1994 In 24 clonidine negative patients 14 pregnancies were achieved (58.3%) either in the GH/HMG/HCG cycle or in the succeeding one. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 85-87 8027274-7 1994 The beneficial, synergistic effect of GH co-treatment was detected in clonidine negative but not in clonidine positive infertile patients. Clonidine 70-79 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 38-40 8027274-7 1994 The beneficial, synergistic effect of GH co-treatment was detected in clonidine negative but not in clonidine positive infertile patients. Clonidine 100-109 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 38-40 8296892-0 1994 Effects of gender and diagnosis on growth hormone response to clonidine for major depression: a large-scale multicenter study. Clonidine 62-71 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 35-49 8296892-1 1994 OBJECTIVE: The authors" goal was to establish, in a large multicenter sample of patients classified according to gender and menopausal status, if the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine discriminated patients with episodes of major depression from patients with episodes of minor depression. Clonidine 182-191 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 150-164 8296892-1 1994 OBJECTIVE: The authors" goal was to establish, in a large multicenter sample of patients classified according to gender and menopausal status, if the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine discriminated patients with episodes of major depression from patients with episodes of minor depression. Clonidine 182-191 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 166-168 8296892-2 1994 METHOD: The GH response to intravenous clonidine administration (150 micrograms) was compared in 71 male and 140 female patients with major depressive episodes and 47 male and 53 female patients with minor depressive episodes. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 12-14 8296892-4 1994 RESULTS: Differences in the GH response to clonidine between diagnostic groups occurred only between male patients. Clonidine 43-52 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 28-30 8296892-6 1994 The GH responses to clonidine of premenopausal women differed significantly from those of postmenopausal women in each diagnostic group. Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-6 8296892-7 1994 CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that gender and menopausal status are of the utmost importance in the interpretation of the clonidine GH test. Clonidine 127-136 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 137-139 7905408-0 1994 Role of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone and somatostatin in the mediation of clonidine-induced GH release in sheep. Clonidine 83-92 somatotropin Ovis aries 8-22 7905408-4 1994 Clonidine injection (0.3 mg, iv) resulted in a significant, immediate, and short-lasting (30-min) increase in peripheral GH (14.4 +/- 3.1 vs. 4.8 +/- 1.1 ng/ml; P < 0.01) and portal GHRH (2.7 +/- 0.5 vs. 1.0 +/- 0.2 pg/min; P < 0.01) levels. Clonidine 0-9 somatoliberin Ovis aries 185-189 7905408-9 1994 These data suggest that clonidine acts centrally to stimulate hypophysial GH secretion in the sheep and that this effect is mediated through changes in GHRH, but not SRIH, release into hypophysial portal blood. Clonidine 24-33 somatoliberin Ovis aries 152-156 8177029-10 1994 In conclusion, this study suggests that a combination of vasopressin and clonidine accentuates the portal hypotensive action of clonidine but not the action of vasopressin. Clonidine 128-137 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 57-68 7887119-0 1994 Effects of intravenous clonidine on the secretion of growth hormone in the perioperative period. Clonidine 23-32 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 53-67 8035906-0 1994 Inhibition of supraoptic vasopressin neurones following systemic clonidine. Clonidine 65-74 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 25-36 8035906-1 1994 Experiments were undertaken in urethane-anaesthetized rats to investigate the effects of systemic clonidine on the firing of supraoptic vasopressin (VP) neurones, which were identified by their characteristic phasic activity pattern. Clonidine 98-107 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 136-147 8035906-1 1994 Experiments were undertaken in urethane-anaesthetized rats to investigate the effects of systemic clonidine on the firing of supraoptic vasopressin (VP) neurones, which were identified by their characteristic phasic activity pattern. Clonidine 98-107 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 149-151 8035906-4 1994 In VP cells which were already firing phasically before clonidine, the inhibition resulted in complete quiescence. Clonidine 56-65 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 3-5 8035906-9 1994 It was concluded that systemic clonidine acts centrally to suppress the activity of hypothalamic VP neurones, thereby explaining the fall in plasma VP levels found in previous studies. Clonidine 31-40 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 97-99 7907526-2 1994 Previous work has shown that direct microinjections of the alpha 2 agonist clonidine and of norepinephrine into the mPRF suppress the REM phase of sleep. Clonidine 75-84 Spi-C transcription factor (Spi-1/PU.1 related) Mus musculus 116-120 8145893-5 1994 These findings suggest that development of functional subsensitivity of either alpha 2-adrenergic heteroreceptors or 5-HT1C receptors mediating clonidine-induced growth hormone secretion following chronic treatment with glucocorticoids and 5-HT uptake inhibitors. Clonidine 144-153 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C Rattus norvegicus 117-123 9160547-0 1994 Growth hormone response to clonidine in the nervous pointer dog model of anxiety. Clonidine 27-36 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 0-14 9160547-1 1994 Blunted growth hormone responses to clonidine have been reported in most studies of humans with panic disorder but have been an inconsistent finding in the study of other anxiety syndromes. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 8-22 9160547-2 1994 The growth hormone response to oral clonidine (100 micrograms/kg) was investigated in the adult nervous pointer dog, a genetic animal model of anxiety. Clonidine 36-45 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 4-18 9160547-3 1994 Compared with placebo, clonidine produced significant increases in plasma levels of growth hormone; however, there were no differences in the growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine in the nervous compared with the normal pointer dogs. Clonidine 23-32 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 84-98 9160587-0 1994 Growth hormone response to clonidine and L-dopa in normal volunteers. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8193484-4 1994 In the other four subjects, growth hormone production was measured by growth hormone pharmacological stimulation tests (clonidine, arginine): three of four patients had insufficient growth hormone responses (peak growth hormone < 10 micrograms/l); all three had delayed puberty; their growth hormone responses increased after "priming" with testosterone, reaching values > 10 micrograms/l in two of them and allowing diagnosis of "true" growth hormone deficiency in the third. Clonidine 120-129 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 28-42 7969853-1 1994 Growth hormone (GH) and beta-endorphin (beta-EP) responses to clonidine stimulation were examined in 18 male heroin addicts, 9 with and 9 without previous histories of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADD-H) and conduct disorder (CD). Clonidine 62-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 24-38 7969853-1 1994 Growth hormone (GH) and beta-endorphin (beta-EP) responses to clonidine stimulation were examined in 18 male heroin addicts, 9 with and 9 without previous histories of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADD-H) and conduct disorder (CD). Clonidine 62-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 40-47 9210208-7 1994 Both in Study-A and in Study B, 8 of 11 subjects had a stable GH response to clonidine across both study days when defined dichotomously (blunted < 4 ng/ml; otherwise, not blunted). Clonidine 77-86 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 62-64 8047638-0 1994 Blunted growth hormone response to clonidine in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Clonidine 35-44 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 8-22 8047638-2 1994 Since the central alpha 2 adrenergic agonist clonidine is widely used as a therapeutic agent in GTS, the present study aimed at assessing whether GH release after clonidine, representing central alpha 2-adrenergic receptor sensitivity, was altered in GTS. Clonidine 163-172 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 146-148 8193527-4 1993 Transdermal clonidine is effective as monotherapy in mild-moderate hypertension, and in combination with diuretics, calcium antagonists and ACE inhibitors in more resistant cases. Clonidine 12-21 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 140-143 8244989-8 1993 Nonamiloride compounds known to inhibit the activity of other Na/H exchanger isoforms also inhibited NHE-2 with the following order of potency: clonidine (K0.5 = 42 microM) > harmaline (K0.5 = 330 microM) approximately cimetidine (K0.5 = 330 microM). Clonidine 144-153 solute carrier family 9 member A2 Rattus norvegicus 101-106 8144867-0 1993 Growth hormone response to oral clonidine test in normal and short children. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8144867-1 1993 We evaluated the growth hormone (GH) response to an acute clonidine test (0.15 mg/m2 po) in 30 normal prepubertal children (stature between the 3rd and 97th centile), in 29 short children (stature < 3rd centile for age) with height velocity (HV) > 10th centile and in 20 short children with HV < 10th centile. Clonidine 58-67 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 17-31 7903387-4 1993 In the rat vas deferens, clonidine, but not N-0923, inhibited the twitch responses and these inhibitions were antagonized by idazoxan (pKb = 7.9) but not by sulpiride. Clonidine 25-34 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 11-14 7901854-4 1993 Relative to saline-injected controls, activation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors with clonidine (2 micrograms/kg body wt iv) before feeding rapidly increased serum growth hormone concentrations, but clonidine had no effect when administered after feeding. Clonidine 86-95 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 164-178 8121079-8 1993 pretreatment with an AVP V1-receptor antagonist ([d(CH2)5-Tyr(Me)]-AVP) at 0.5-2.5 micrograms dose-dependently inhibited the pressor response to 10 micrograms of i.c.v.-injected clonidine, while systemic (i.v.) Clonidine 178-187 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 21-24 8121079-8 1993 pretreatment with an AVP V1-receptor antagonist ([d(CH2)5-Tyr(Me)]-AVP) at 0.5-2.5 micrograms dose-dependently inhibited the pressor response to 10 micrograms of i.c.v.-injected clonidine, while systemic (i.v.) Clonidine 178-187 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 67-70 8121079-13 1993 These results suggest that endogenous AVP in the brain is involved in the mechanisms underlying the pressor response to i.c.v.-injected clonidine in conscious rats. Clonidine 136-145 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 38-41 8224263-2 1993 DESIGN: Comparison of GH secretion in response to clonidine (Catapressan; Boehringer Ingelheim, Reims, France) and growth hormone-releasing factor (GH-RF). Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-24 8291522-4 1993 One of 12 patients had discordance between insulin growth factor I levels and growth hormone responses to insulin and clonidine suggestive of end organ resistance to growth hormone. Clonidine 118-127 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 78-92 8291522-4 1993 One of 12 patients had discordance between insulin growth factor I levels and growth hormone responses to insulin and clonidine suggestive of end organ resistance to growth hormone. Clonidine 118-127 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 166-180 8292687-0 1993 Growth hormone response to intravenous clonidine in social phobia: comparison to patients with panic disorder and healthy volunteers. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8292687-1 1993 The growth hormone (GH) response to intravenous administration of clonidine hydrochloride (2 micrograms/kg) was assessed in 16 patients with DSM-III-R social phobia, 13 patients with DSM-III-R panic disorder, and 31 healthy controls. Clonidine 66-89 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 8299303-0 1993 Hypoglycemia due to sedation following clonidine test for growth hormone reserve. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 58-72 8299303-2 1993 We report hypoglycemic convulsions in a child with congenital hypopituitarism after the administration of clonidine to assess growth hormone reserve. Clonidine 106-115 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 126-140 8224263-12 1993 CONCLUSIONS: These results raise concern about using the GH secretory response to a single clonidine administration as a predictive test of the therapeutic benefit that could be obtained by co-stimulating the somatotropic axis during a treatment with gonadotropins in poor responder patients, especially when their FSH basal levels are elevated. Clonidine 91-100 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 57-59 8153089-4 1993 The involvement of the alpha-receptor in the regulation of hCG secretion was further confirmed by addition of the alpha-receptor agonist clonidine (10(-6) M) which had a similar stimulatory effect on hCG release but the effect was antagonized by both prazosin and yohimbine. Clonidine 137-146 chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5 Homo sapiens 59-62 8307092-4 1993 In contrast, femoral fat cell lipolysis measured in the presence of clonidine was positively associated with fasting plasma insulin, cholesterol (CHOL) and apolipoprotein (apo) B levels, as well as with LDL-CHOL and LDL-apo B concentrations. Clonidine 68-77 insulin Homo sapiens 124-131 8307092-4 1993 In contrast, femoral fat cell lipolysis measured in the presence of clonidine was positively associated with fasting plasma insulin, cholesterol (CHOL) and apolipoprotein (apo) B levels, as well as with LDL-CHOL and LDL-apo B concentrations. Clonidine 68-77 apolipoprotein B Homo sapiens 156-178 8307092-4 1993 In contrast, femoral fat cell lipolysis measured in the presence of clonidine was positively associated with fasting plasma insulin, cholesterol (CHOL) and apolipoprotein (apo) B levels, as well as with LDL-CHOL and LDL-apo B concentrations. Clonidine 68-77 apolipoprotein B Homo sapiens 220-225 8153089-4 1993 The involvement of the alpha-receptor in the regulation of hCG secretion was further confirmed by addition of the alpha-receptor agonist clonidine (10(-6) M) which had a similar stimulatory effect on hCG release but the effect was antagonized by both prazosin and yohimbine. Clonidine 137-146 chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5 Homo sapiens 200-203 7823001-6 1993 Peak plasma GH level after oral clonidine provocation, insulin induced hypoglycemia, and I.V. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 12-14 7902772-10 1993 pretreatment with the vasopressin (AVP) V1-receptor antagonist, [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)]-AVP (0.5 and 2.0 micrograms), dose-dependently inhibited the pressor response to PVN injection of clonidine (10 micrograms), while systemic (i.v.) Clonidine 179-188 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 22-51 8413845-4 1993 The alpha 2 agonist clonidine decreased evoked release of NPY, while the alpha 2 antagonist yohimbine increased the potassium-evoked release. Clonidine 20-29 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 58-61 8396008-8 1993 On the other hand, the inhibition of cAMP accumulation by the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine decreased NPY secretion. Clonidine 89-98 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 109-112 8241531-6 1993 The rise in the corticosterone level induced by clonidine was significantly diminished by mepyramine, a histamine H1-receptor antagonist, and moderately lowered by cimetidine, a histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Clonidine 48-57 histamine receptor H 1 Rattus norvegicus 104-125 8241531-6 1993 The rise in the corticosterone level induced by clonidine was significantly diminished by mepyramine, a histamine H1-receptor antagonist, and moderately lowered by cimetidine, a histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Clonidine 48-57 histamine receptor H 2 Rattus norvegicus 178-199 8246373-2 1993 Endogenous growth hormone (GH) levels were measured after stimulation with L-dopa and clonidine in growth retarded children whose height (ht) was greater than or equal to 2 standard deviations (SD) below the mean for age. Clonidine 86-95 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 11-25 8284031-12 1993 The delta GH was -2.5 +/- 3.1 after placebo, +3.7 +/- 4.5 after clonidine, +17.0 +/- 3.3 after GHRH and -13.4 +/- 4.5 following dexamethasone administration. Clonidine 64-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-12 8393860-5 1993 Their rank order of potency for NHE-1 was cimetidine > harmaline > or = clonidine whereas the reverse order was observed for NHE-3. Clonidine 78-87 solute carrier family 9 member A1 Rattus norvegicus 32-37 8210606-0 1993 Growth hormone response after administration of L-dopa, clonidine, and growth hormone releasing hormone in children with Down syndrome. Clonidine 56-65 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7690082-7 1993 Decreases in mean levels of SBP and DBP were observed within 15 min after infusion of > or = 0.5 micrograms/kg CLO. Clonidine 114-117 selenium binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 28-31 7690082-7 1993 Decreases in mean levels of SBP and DBP were observed within 15 min after infusion of > or = 0.5 micrograms/kg CLO. Clonidine 114-117 D-box binding PAR bZIP transcription factor Homo sapiens 36-39 8103576-3 1993 This effect of neurotensin was inhibited by stimulation of alpha 2-adrenoceptors: noradrenaline, clonidine, xylazine or dexmedetomidine (alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists) inhibited neurotensin-induced release of acetycholine (ACh) as well as the contractions, while CH-38083 or yohimbine (alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist) prevented this inhibitory effect. Clonidine 97-106 neurotensin/neuromedin N Cavia porcellus 15-26 8210606-1 1993 We studied the response of growth hormone secretion after the administration of L-dopa, clonidine, and growth hormone releasing hormone in eight growth-retarded children with Down syndrome aged 1 to 6.5 years. Clonidine 88-97 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 27-41 8415533-4 1993 Further experiments in six mouse strains (A/He, BALB/cLac, CBA/Lac, C57BL/6J, DD, and YT) revealed a reliable negative genotypic correlation between hypothalamic maximal specific binding of 3H-clonidine and testosterone level. Clonidine 190-202 ataxia, cerebellar, Cayman type Mus musculus 53-57 8210606-7 1993 In comparison with peak growth hormone levels reported in normal children, our cohort had significantly lower growth hormone levels only after clonidine administration. Clonidine 143-152 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 110-124 8101181-12 1993 Reduction of both GRF and somatostatin caused blunted spontaneous GH secretion and normal GH response to arginine and clonidine. Clonidine 118-127 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 18-21 8416019-0 1993 Growth hormone response to clonidine in neuroleptic-free patients with multidagnostically defined schizophrenia. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8345071-3 1993 Pituitary growth hormone reserve was evaluated by clonidine stimulation and insulin tolerance tests before commencement of treatment. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-24 7901787-10 1993 CLO administration elicited a maximal GH peak significantly higher (p < 0.05) in P (20.5 +/- 3) than in DDTC rats (4.1 +/- 2); however, the former was significantly lower than GH responses to GRF. Clonidine 0-3 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 38-40 8354769-3 1993 Growth hormone secretion after clonidine stimulation was blunted on depressive and hypomanic days. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7901787-10 1993 CLO administration elicited a maximal GH peak significantly higher (p < 0.05) in P (20.5 +/- 3) than in DDTC rats (4.1 +/- 2); however, the former was significantly lower than GH responses to GRF. Clonidine 0-3 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 179-181 7901787-0 1993 Clonidine potentiates the growth hormone (GH) response to GH-releasing hormone in norepinephrine synthesis-inhibited rats: evidence for an alpha-2-adrenergic control of hypothalamic release of somatostatin. Clonidine 0-9 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 26-40 7901787-0 1993 Clonidine potentiates the growth hormone (GH) response to GH-releasing hormone in norepinephrine synthesis-inhibited rats: evidence for an alpha-2-adrenergic control of hypothalamic release of somatostatin. Clonidine 0-9 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 42-44 8170565-4 1993 After clonidine there was a decrease in plasma levels of noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (Ad) in PD, MSA, and NC, and an increase in growth hormone (GH) in PD, PAF, and NC. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 135-149 7901787-0 1993 Clonidine potentiates the growth hormone (GH) response to GH-releasing hormone in norepinephrine synthesis-inhibited rats: evidence for an alpha-2-adrenergic control of hypothalamic release of somatostatin. Clonidine 0-9 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 58-60 7901787-0 1993 Clonidine potentiates the growth hormone (GH) response to GH-releasing hormone in norepinephrine synthesis-inhibited rats: evidence for an alpha-2-adrenergic control of hypothalamic release of somatostatin. Clonidine 0-9 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 193-205 8321415-0 1993 Combined administration of growth-hormone-releasing hormone and clonidine restores defective growth hormone secretion in old dogs. Clonidine 64-73 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 93-107 8243225-7 1993 These data suggest that beta-EP and LEK may be involved in pathogenesis of hypertension and in hypotensive action of clonidine. Clonidine 117-126 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 24-31 7684446-5 1993 The N-acetyl derivative of beta-endorphin-(1-31) (1 pmol) increased the antinociceptive response of DAMGO, D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin and clonidine, but not of morphine, in SP-pretreated mice. Clonidine 136-145 pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha Mus musculus 27-41 7687716-2 1993 The objectives of this study were to determine (a) whether plasma NPY concentrations are altered during different types of stress (cold pressor test, mental stress, and active orthostatism) and (b) whether clonidine, via its central sympatholytic effect, affects the stress-induced blood pressure, NPY, and/or catecholamine changes. Clonidine 206-215 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 298-301 8105398-6 1993 MBH injection of the alpha 2 antagonist idazoxan 10 nmol prevented the GH rise due to clonidine, but did not inhibit release due to DAGO. Clonidine 86-95 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 71-73 8105398-7 1993 Injection of DAGO and clonidine but not quipazine into the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area (PO/AHA) increased GH release, and combination injections of DAGO and clonidine produced additive release. Clonidine 22-31 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 114-116 8105398-8 1993 PO/AHA idazoxan 10 nmol prevented GH release caused by both clonidine and DAGO, suggesting that idazoxan prevents opioid-induced as well as clonidine-induced suppression of somatostatin release. Clonidine 60-69 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 34-36 7901963-0 1993 [Possible involvement of atrial natriuretic factor and vasopressin in antihypertensive mechanism of clonidine in humans]. Clonidine 100-109 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 25-50 7901963-0 1993 [Possible involvement of atrial natriuretic factor and vasopressin in antihypertensive mechanism of clonidine in humans]. Clonidine 100-109 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 55-66 7901963-4 1993 These results suggest that both ANF and Vas are involved in the antihypertensive mechanism of clonidine. Clonidine 94-103 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 32-35 7901963-4 1993 These results suggest that both ANF and Vas are involved in the antihypertensive mechanism of clonidine. Clonidine 94-103 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 40-43 8321415-6 1993 In dogs undergoing treatment 2, acute administration of GHRH elicited a mean GH peak response higher than that before treatment, whereas administration of GHRH + CLO induced a mean GH peak response not different from that elicited by GHRH + CLO before treatment or by GHRH alone after treatment. Clonidine 241-244 growth hormone releasing hormone Canis lupus familiaris 155-159 8321415-6 1993 In dogs undergoing treatment 2, acute administration of GHRH elicited a mean GH peak response higher than that before treatment, whereas administration of GHRH + CLO induced a mean GH peak response not different from that elicited by GHRH + CLO before treatment or by GHRH alone after treatment. Clonidine 241-244 growth hormone releasing hormone Canis lupus familiaris 155-159 8321415-6 1993 In dogs undergoing treatment 2, acute administration of GHRH elicited a mean GH peak response higher than that before treatment, whereas administration of GHRH + CLO induced a mean GH peak response not different from that elicited by GHRH + CLO before treatment or by GHRH alone after treatment. Clonidine 241-244 growth hormone releasing hormone Canis lupus familiaris 155-159 8383905-3 1993 Conflicting reports have demonstrated the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine to increase and to decrease serum GH levels in 10-day-old rats. Clonidine 69-78 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 113-115 8383905-7 1993 In two-day-old pups, clonidine had no effect on basal GH levels but, like yohimbine, prevented the increase in serum GH normally associated with nursing. Clonidine 21-30 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 117-119 8095374-1 1993 In some blood vessels, the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine simultaneously activates vasoconstrictive alpha-adrenoceptors on smooth muscle cells and endothelial alpha 2-adrenoceptors mediating release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), with the net vascular response representing a balance between these two counteracting pathways. Clonidine 54-63 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 245-249 8427240-4 1993 Endocrine studies of these patients documented low growth-hormone levels after clonidine and insulin stimulation and blunted growth-hormone response to growth hormone releasing hormone. Clonidine 79-88 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 51-65 8095374-2 1993 To investigate whether clonidine"s modest constrictor effect in human veins is due to simultaneous release of EDRF, the dorsal hand vein compliance technique was used to measure vascular responses in healthy volunteers. Clonidine 23-32 alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein Homo sapiens 110-114 8096770-2 1993 Clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic drug with a selectivity ratio of 200/1 for alpha 2/alpha 1 has been used in clinical practice for more than 20 years. Clonidine 0-9 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 76-91 8307113-0 1993 Effects of thyroid hormone status on the growth hormone responses to clonidine. Clonidine 69-78 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 41-55 8440307-1 1993 Modification of clonidine-induced cardiovascular effects by endothelin-1 (ET-1) was studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Clonidine 16-25 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 60-72 8440307-1 1993 Modification of clonidine-induced cardiovascular effects by endothelin-1 (ET-1) was studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Clonidine 16-25 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 74-78 8440307-5 1993 dose of clonidine were completely blocked by ET-1 (100 ng/kg i.v.) Clonidine 8-17 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 45-49 8380310-0 1993 Effects of estrogen on growth hormone following clonidine stimulation. Clonidine 48-57 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 23-37 8380310-1 1993 OBJECTIVE: To test the usefulness of estrogen priming to enhance the growth hormone (GH) response following stimulation with clonidine hydrochloride in short children. Clonidine 125-148 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 69-83 8380310-1 1993 OBJECTIVE: To test the usefulness of estrogen priming to enhance the growth hormone (GH) response following stimulation with clonidine hydrochloride in short children. Clonidine 125-148 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 85-87 8422091-0 1993 Blunted growth hormone responses to growth hormone-releasing factor and to clonidine in panic disorder. Clonidine 75-84 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 8-22 8422091-1 1993 Blunted growth hormone (GH) responses to growth hormone-releasing factor (GH-RF) and clonidine have been reported in patients with panic disorder. Clonidine 85-94 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 8-22 8422091-1 1993 Blunted growth hormone (GH) responses to growth hormone-releasing factor (GH-RF) and clonidine have been reported in patients with panic disorder. Clonidine 85-94 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 24-26 8422091-3 1993 Compared to the normal subjects, the patients with panic disorder had significantly blunted GH responses after both GH-RF and clonidine. Clonidine 126-135 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 92-94 8094392-8 1993 Conversely, either beta-adrenergic blockade (PRO), or alpha 2-adrenergic agonism (CLO), or the enhancement of muscarinic cholinergic tone (PD) significantly increased the GH response to GHRH (peaks: 43 +/- 4.6, 55.6 +/- 5.6 and 51.2 +/- 7, micrograms/L; PRO, CLO, and PD, respectively; P < 0.01 vs. P study). Clonidine 82-85 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 186-190 8094392-9 1993 After nocturnal DEX administration, both PRO and CLO, but not PD, were able to reverse the inhibitory effect of DEX on GHRH-elicited GH release (peaks: 39 +/- 5.5, 25.9 +/- 3.9 and 12.9 +/- 3.1, micrograms/L; DEX + PRO, DEX + CLO, and DEX + PD, respectively). Clonidine 49-52 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 119-123 8094392-9 1993 After nocturnal DEX administration, both PRO and CLO, but not PD, were able to reverse the inhibitory effect of DEX on GHRH-elicited GH release (peaks: 39 +/- 5.5, 25.9 +/- 3.9 and 12.9 +/- 3.1, micrograms/L; DEX + PRO, DEX + CLO, and DEX + PD, respectively). Clonidine 226-229 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 119-123 8307113-3 1993 The growth hormone responses to clonidine administration (4 micrograms/kg) have been therefore studied in a group of female patients with thyroid disease (seven hyperthyroid and five hypothyroid) before and after the achievement of the euthyroid state. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 8231651-0 1993 Clonidine lowers alpha-MSH-like immunoreactivity in human plasma. Clonidine 0-9 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 17-26 8419612-2 1993 Orally administered clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, is a potent acute stimulator of growth hormone releasing hormone-mediated pituitary GH release. Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 94-108 8419612-2 1993 Orally administered clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, is a potent acute stimulator of growth hormone releasing hormone-mediated pituitary GH release. Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 146-148 8419612-7 1993 Diminution in clonidine-stimulated peak GH levels was not observed after long-term oral clonidine therapy. Clonidine 14-23 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 40-42 8419612-9 1993 Subsequent acceleration in growth velocity during GH therapy suggests that a proposed increase in clonidine-induced endogenous GH secretion does not result in an effective growth-promoting stimulus. Clonidine 98-107 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 127-129 8102470-4 1993 Administration of clonidine markedly increased the GH responsiveness to GRF in rats anesthetized with urethane or ketamine. Clonidine 18-27 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 72-75 8231651-1 1993 In a group of seven healthy subjects, the effects of acute intravenous administration of clonidine, a selective alpha 2 receptor stimulator, on plasma alpha-MSH-LI concentrations were measured. Clonidine 89-98 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 151-160 8231651-2 1993 In comparison with saline, clonidine (0.075 mg) significantly reduced alpha-MSH-LI concentrations, with a maximum fall between 30 and 60 min., followed by a return to basal concentrations at 120 min. Clonidine 27-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 70-79 8389993-6 1993 An additional serotonergic pathway was functional in 10-day-old pups which mediated CLO-induced release of GH, and did not include cholinergic transmission. Clonidine 84-87 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 107-109 8265735-1 1993 The alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine is able to stimulate GHRH secretion directly or via beta-endorphin and, therefore, induces a GH release in normal subjects. Clonidine 33-42 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 64-68 8389998-3 1993 Clonidine (30 micrograms/kg) attenuated CRF-41/AVP (1 pmol/10 pmol)-induced ACTH secretion in sham-operated rats, but was ineffective in reducing CRF-41/AVP-induced ACTH secretion in rats with paraventricular nucleus lesion. Clonidine 0-9 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 40-61 8389998-3 1993 Clonidine (30 micrograms/kg) attenuated CRF-41/AVP (1 pmol/10 pmol)-induced ACTH secretion in sham-operated rats, but was ineffective in reducing CRF-41/AVP-induced ACTH secretion in rats with paraventricular nucleus lesion. Clonidine 0-9 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 47-50 8265735-6 1993 The dissociation between clonidine and GHRH in GH stimulation could reveal a different neuroendocrine mechanism, in comparison with other psychiatric disorders (anorexia nervosa), in which such a dissociation is accompanied by a PRL response to GHRH. Clonidine 25-34 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 245-249 1446603-7 1992 This alpha 2-adrenergic agonist caused a significant (P < 0.01) 12.7-fold rise in plasma TSH levels in normal rabbit serum-treated animals, which was completely abolished by TRH-AS pretreatment, indicating that clonidine stimulates TSH secretion via activation of hypothalamic TRH release. Clonidine 214-223 thyrotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 280-283 8232833-5 1993 GH secretion after clonidine stimulation was not altered. Clonidine 19-28 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 1446603-7 1992 This alpha 2-adrenergic agonist caused a significant (P < 0.01) 12.7-fold rise in plasma TSH levels in normal rabbit serum-treated animals, which was completely abolished by TRH-AS pretreatment, indicating that clonidine stimulates TSH secretion via activation of hypothalamic TRH release. Clonidine 214-223 thyrotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 177-180 1334889-0 1992 [Altered responses of heart rate, renal sodium handling and plasma growth hormone to clonidine in type II diabetic patients]. Clonidine 85-94 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 67-81 1359017-7 1992 On the other hand, the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine by itself did not affect cAMP accumulation stimulated by isoproterenol but significantly potentiated NPY action. Clonidine 50-59 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 161-164 1305718-1 1992 Growth hormone concentration has been assayed in 105 children (45 girls and 60 boys) during starvation and following its stimulation with clonidine and insulin and during the sleep. Clonidine 138-147 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 1295375-3 1992 Thus, a new model developed in our laboratory, which was obtained by phospholipase A2 intracerebral injection was used to study the antiinflammatory effect of clonidine. Clonidine 159-168 phospholipase A2 group IB Rattus norvegicus 69-85 1325502-3 1992 Effects of salt, captopril and clonidine upon renin gene expression were also investigated. Clonidine 31-40 renin Rattus norvegicus 46-51 1284575-4 1992 Clonidine and yohimbine inhibited and enhanced the 3,4-DAP-evoked [3H]NE release in a concentration-dependent manner both in the presence and absence of extracellular Ca2+. Clonidine 0-9 death-associated protein Rattus norvegicus 55-58 1284575-6 1992 In the presence of extracellular Ca2+ the clonidine effect was not altered by addition of omega-conotoxin GVIA 0.1 mumol.L-1 or by removal of extracellular Ca2+, suggesting that the Ca2+ entry was not involved in the modulatory mechanisms of DAP-evoked [3H]NE release by activation of alpha 2-receptor. Clonidine 42-51 death-associated protein Rattus norvegicus 242-245 1333719-3 1992 A blunted growth hormone response to clonidine and a significant clonidine-induced decrease in plasma MHPG was also observed in this subgroup of panic disorder patients. Clonidine 37-46 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-24 1356149-4 1992 In contrast, pretreatment with the non-selective 5-HT1/2 antagonist, metergoline, and the 5-HT1C/5-HT2-selective antagonist, mesulergine, reduced clonidine-induced increases in growth hormone levels 81 to 87% without affecting clonidine-induced decreases in locomotor activity. Clonidine 146-155 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C Rattus norvegicus 90-96 1356149-4 1992 In contrast, pretreatment with the non-selective 5-HT1/2 antagonist, metergoline, and the 5-HT1C/5-HT2-selective antagonist, mesulergine, reduced clonidine-induced increases in growth hormone levels 81 to 87% without affecting clonidine-induced decreases in locomotor activity. Clonidine 227-236 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C Rattus norvegicus 90-96 1356149-5 1992 Two other 5-HT1C/5-HT2 antagonists, ritanserin and mianserin, also attenuated (47%) clonidine-induced increases in growth hormone levels. Clonidine 84-93 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C Rattus norvegicus 10-16 1356149-9 1992 These findings suggest that clonidine stimulates growth hormone secretion by activation of alpha 2 adrenergic heteroreceptors present on 5-HT nerve terminals which, in turn, enhance 5-HT activity via stimulation of postsynaptic 5-HT1C receptors to promote growth hormone releasing factor. Clonidine 28-37 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C Rattus norvegicus 228-234 1488479-0 1992 Growth hormone response to clonidine in male patients with panic disorder untreated by antidepressants. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 1488479-1 1992 We report a non-significantly higher growth hormone (GH) response to intravenous clonidine administration (150 micrograms) in 10 male patients with panic disorder who had never received antidepressant therapy than in 10 matched controls. Clonidine 81-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 37-51 1488479-1 1992 We report a non-significantly higher growth hormone (GH) response to intravenous clonidine administration (150 micrograms) in 10 male patients with panic disorder who had never received antidepressant therapy than in 10 matched controls. Clonidine 81-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 53-55 1306774-0 1992 [Reaction of serum growth hormone in patients with endemic cretinism to arginine and clonidine in continuous excitement tests]. Clonidine 85-94 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 19-33 1306774-1 1992 Reaction of serum growth hormone in cretins whose pituitary and thyroid function have returned to normal in IDD-control by using iodized salt to arginine and clonidine in continuous excitement tests ws observed. Clonidine 158-167 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-32 1306774-2 1992 The result is that during the phase of clonidine excitement, serum growth hormone in cretins was obviously lower than that in normal controls and the reaction peak value, maximum increase value and reaction time all markedly lower than those of the normal controls. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 67-81 1433876-6 1992 A significant attenuation in heart rate response to intravenous atropine 10 micrograms.kg-1 was observed in patients receiving clonidine 5 micrograms.kg-1, as compared with that in the control group (P less than 0.01); maximal increases in heart rate were 15 +/- 8 and 22 +/- 6 beats.min-1 (mean +/- SD) in the clonidine and control groups, respectively. Clonidine 127-136 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 284-289 1354941-4 1992 Epinephrine (greater than or equal to 50 nM) and clonidine (greater than or equal to 1 microM) markedly decreased AVP-induced cAMP levels in both IMCD segments. Clonidine 49-58 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 114-117 1325502-6 1992 RESULTS: Expression levels of the renin mRNA in various parts of the central nervous system of 4-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats were approximately twofold higher than those of age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats and expression levels in the brain were positively modulated by the administration of either captopril or clonidine. Clonidine 322-331 renin Rattus norvegicus 34-39 1391293-3 1992 The data replicated the previously reported finding of blunted growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine in patients with panic disorder. Clonidine 96-105 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 63-77 1353191-0 1992 Growth hormone response to clonidine in central and peripheral primary autonomic failure. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 1353191-3 1992 We have investigated the growth hormone (GH) releasing effects of clonidine in patients with PAF and MSA to see whether this hormonal response could serve as a neuroendocrine marker to distinguish between the groups. Clonidine 66-75 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 25-39 1353191-8 1992 Clonidine, therefore, stimulates growth hormone release in PAF but not MSA and may serve as a neuroendocrine marker in differentiating patients with MSA and a central autonomic defect from those with PAF with a peripheral defect. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 33-47 1463373-6 1992 However, an increase in magnitude of the endothelin-1-induced contractions was observed on the background of the highest concentration of clonidine. Clonidine 138-147 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 41-53 1448177-6 1992 The subsensitivity development was specific for the 5-HT1A receptor-mediated corticosterone secretion, since the increase in serum corticosterone produced by stimulation of other receptor systems, e.g. alpha 2-adrenoreceptors (clonidine) or 5-HT2 receptors [1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane, (DOI)] was not affected. Clonidine 227-236 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A Rattus norvegicus 52-58 1323363-3 1992 After clonidine there was a decrease in plasma levels of noradrenaline and adrenaline, and an increase in growth hormone. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 106-120 1323363-4 1992 There was up-regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors on peripheral blood mononuclear cells 30 and 60 min after clonidine which was related to the fall in blood pressure, noradrenaline and adrenaline levels and to the increase in growth hormone levels. Clonidine 111-120 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 229-243 1599607-0 1992 The growth hormone response to clonidine in acute and remitted depressed male patients. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 1351096-9 1992 The V2 antagonist [1-(beta-mercapto-beta,beta-pentamethylene-proprionic acid), 2-d-isoleucine,4-isoleucine]arginine-vasopressin blocked the effects of clonidine but not 2,6-DMC. Clonidine 151-160 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 116-127 1351096-12 1992 Clonidine on the other hand increases free water clearance and this effect is mediated through an interaction with the renal actions of vasopressin. Clonidine 0-9 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 136-147 1279652-5 1992 The actions of both intrathecal norepinephrine (0.025 microgram) and intrathecal clonidine (0.025 microgram) were significantly attenuated when substance P (5 micrograms) was given intrathecally 55 and 45 min. Clonidine 81-90 tachykinin 1 Mus musculus 144-155 1327843-0 1992 Expression of Fos-like immunoreactivity by yohimbine and clonidine in the rat brain. Clonidine 57-66 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 14-17 1398465-0 1992 Comparative effect of clonidine and growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone on GH secretion in adult patients on chronic glucocorticoid therapy. Clonidine 22-31 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 77-79 1330464-2 1992 The phospholipase A2 inhibitor mepacrine at 25 and 50 mumol/l significantly inhibited glucagon secretion induced by 0.1 mumol/l clonidine (P less than 0.01, respectively), whereas 5 mumol/l mepacrine did not affect clonidine-induced glucagon secretion. Clonidine 128-137 phospholipase A2 group IB Rattus norvegicus 4-20 1330464-2 1992 The phospholipase A2 inhibitor mepacrine at 25 and 50 mumol/l significantly inhibited glucagon secretion induced by 0.1 mumol/l clonidine (P less than 0.01, respectively), whereas 5 mumol/l mepacrine did not affect clonidine-induced glucagon secretion. Clonidine 215-224 phospholipase A2 group IB Rattus norvegicus 4-20 1592016-0 1992 Clonidine prevents corticotropin releasing factor-induced epileptogenic activity in rats. Clonidine 0-9 corticotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 19-49 1398465-5 1992 The GH responses to clonidine were also blunted (p less than 0.05) in steroid-treated patients (GH peak 5.8 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L) with respect to normal subjects (GH peak 17.6 +/- 2.3 micrograms/L). Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-6 1398465-5 1992 The GH responses to clonidine were also blunted (p less than 0.05) in steroid-treated patients (GH peak 5.8 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L) with respect to normal subjects (GH peak 17.6 +/- 2.3 micrograms/L). Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 96-98 1398465-5 1992 The GH responses to clonidine were also blunted (p less than 0.05) in steroid-treated patients (GH peak 5.8 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L) with respect to normal subjects (GH peak 17.6 +/- 2.3 micrograms/L). Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 96-98 1599607-1 1992 The growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine was evaluated in 28 acutely depressed male patients, 17 remitted depressed patients, and 26 normal control subjects. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 1350163-5 1992 Pretreatment with phentolamine (1 mg kg-1) significantly increased and pretreatment with clonidine (60 micrograms kg-1 h-1) significantly decreased somatostatin release caused by vagal stimulation, whereas gastrin levels remained largely unchanged. Clonidine 89-98 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 148-160 1511267-6 1992 Clonidine (2 x 10(-8) M) treatment stimulated a GH surge in HPPS chambers, but not in chambers containing only pituitary cells. Clonidine 0-9 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 48-50 1511267-9 1992 hGH pretreatment suppressed the clonidine but not the GRF-induced GH surge(s) observed in chambers perifused with clonidine and GRF only. Clonidine 32-41 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 1-3 1605491-0 1992 Growth hormone response to clonidine and cortisol secretion pattern predict changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in major depressive patients. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 1642909-2 1992 In a double-blind, controlled study, patients, undergoing total hip replacement were allocated randomly to receive one of two doses of extradural clonidine (25 micrograms h-1 or 50 micrograms h-1), low dose extradural morphine or a combination of morphine and clonidine. Clonidine 146-155 H1.5 linker histone, cluster member Homo sapiens 171-174 1387021-10 1992 Rats treated with DMI but not sertraline showed a virtually complete suppression of the growth hormone (GH) secretion elicited by clonidine in controls, while the secretion of corticosterone was augmented. Clonidine 130-139 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 88-102 1387021-10 1992 Rats treated with DMI but not sertraline showed a virtually complete suppression of the growth hormone (GH) secretion elicited by clonidine in controls, while the secretion of corticosterone was augmented. Clonidine 130-139 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 104-106 1350163-6 1992 The effect of clonidine persisted in rats pretreated with indomethacin (5 mg kg-1), which per se potentiates the vagally induced luminal somatostatin release. Clonidine 14-23 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 137-149 1522942-8 1992 GH levels after clonidine were blunted in all subjects but one AD patient, probably due to an age-dependent attenuation frequently observed in subjects over 45 years of age. Clonidine 16-25 gamma-glutamyl hydrolase Homo sapiens 0-2 1533556-4 1992 GH was evaluated by levodopa (125 mg up to 15 kg, and 250 mg between 15-30 kg), clonidine (0.15 mg m-2) stimulation tests and hGH secretory patterns by the integrated 24 h. GH concentration (IC-GH) using a constant withdrawal pump with continuous blood collection every 30 min. Clonidine 80-89 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 1610485-0 1992 Evidence for hypothalamo-growth hormone dysfunction in panic disorder: profile of growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine, yohimbine, caffeine, glucose, GRF and TRH in panic disorder patients versus healthy volunteers. Clonidine 115-124 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 98-100 1610485-2 1992 Previously we demonstrated that panic disorder patients have blunted growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist. Clonidine 102-111 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 69-83 1610485-2 1992 Previously we demonstrated that panic disorder patients have blunted growth hormone (GH) responses to clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist. Clonidine 102-111 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 85-87 1610485-5 1992 Although stress-mediated increases in GH are thought to be a common correlate of stress in humans, our findings indicate that panic disorder patients have significantly blunted GH responses to clonidine, yohimbine, growth-hormone releasing factor, and caffeine compared to normal control subjects. Clonidine 193-202 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 177-179 1346936-3 1992 The studies were carried out in normal, unanesthetized dogs in which OT infusion was superimposed on infusion of either somatostatin, which suppresses insulin and glucagon secretion, or clonidine, which suppresses insulin secretion only. Clonidine 186-195 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 214-221 1346936-6 1992 Clonidine (30 micrograms/kg, sc), given along with an insulin infusion to replace basal levels of insulin, completely prevented the OT-induced rise in plasma insulin and markedly reduced the glucose uptake seen with OT alone, but did not reduce the usual increase in plasma glucose and glucagon levels or glucose production. Clonidine 0-9 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 98-105 1346936-6 1992 Clonidine (30 micrograms/kg, sc), given along with an insulin infusion to replace basal levels of insulin, completely prevented the OT-induced rise in plasma insulin and markedly reduced the glucose uptake seen with OT alone, but did not reduce the usual increase in plasma glucose and glucagon levels or glucose production. Clonidine 0-9 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 98-105 1317592-4 1992 The level of GH secretion induced by clonidine was significantly reduced after ECT, but the hypotensive responses to clonidine remained unchanged. Clonidine 37-46 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-15 1533556-8 1992 Of the 12 children, peak serum GH after levodopa was found to be below 10 ng ml-1 in five children; and peak serum GH after clonidine was found to be below 10 ng ml-1 in six. Clonidine 124-133 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 115-117 1533556-9 1992 One child had a clonidine peak increase in serum GH concentration exactly 10 ng ml-1, but had a 12 h IC-GH of 1.5 ng ml-1 (N greater than 3.2). Clonidine 16-25 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-51 1533556-10 1992 Two children with peak GH after clonidine above 10 ng ml-1 had a 24 h IC-GH of 0.7 and 1.3 ng ml-1. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 23-25 1361819-5 1992 Insulin-induced hypoglycemia (0.1 U/kg iv in bolus) and clonidine (0.15 mg/m2 po) were used as indirect stimuli for GH release. Clonidine 56-65 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 116-118 1614276-10 1992 These results are consistent with the ability of clonidine to limit the expression or intensity of certain physostigmine-induced autonomic side effects, while allowing the cognitive beneficial effects of the cholinesterase inhibitor. Clonidine 49-58 butyrylcholinesterase Homo sapiens 208-222 1447947-0 1992 Intracerebroventricular injection of antibodies directed against Gs alpha enhances the supraspinal antinociception induced by morphine, beta-endorphin and clonidine in mice. Clonidine 155-164 GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus Mus musculus 65-73 1309933-3 1992 ET-1 (50 ng/kg, iv) pretreatment completely antagonized the hypotension and bradycardia induced by clonidine. Clonidine 99-108 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 1309933-4 1992 ET-2 (50 ng/kg, iv) and ET-3 (50 ng/kg, iv) had similar antagonistic effect on clonidine induced hypotension and bradycardia. Clonidine 79-88 endothelin 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 1309933-4 1992 ET-2 (50 ng/kg, iv) and ET-3 (50 ng/kg, iv) had similar antagonistic effect on clonidine induced hypotension and bradycardia. Clonidine 79-88 endothelin 3 Rattus norvegicus 24-28 1447947-2 1992 injection of antisera directed against different sequences of Gs alpha to mice enhanced the antinociceptive potency of the opioids morphine, beta h-endorphin-(1-31) and of the alpha 2-agonist clonidine when studied 24 h later in the tail-flick test. Clonidine 192-201 GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus Mus musculus 62-70 1447947-8 1992 It is concluded that opioids and clonidine promote analgesia after binding to receptors functionally coupled to Gi/G(o) proteins, moreover, the activity of morphine, beta-endorphin and clonidine in this test seems to be counteracted by a process involving activation of Gs alpha transducer proteins. Clonidine 33-42 pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha Mus musculus 166-180 1447947-8 1992 It is concluded that opioids and clonidine promote analgesia after binding to receptors functionally coupled to Gi/G(o) proteins, moreover, the activity of morphine, beta-endorphin and clonidine in this test seems to be counteracted by a process involving activation of Gs alpha transducer proteins. Clonidine 33-42 GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus Mus musculus 270-278 1447947-8 1992 It is concluded that opioids and clonidine promote analgesia after binding to receptors functionally coupled to Gi/G(o) proteins, moreover, the activity of morphine, beta-endorphin and clonidine in this test seems to be counteracted by a process involving activation of Gs alpha transducer proteins. Clonidine 185-194 GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus Mus musculus 270-278 1352646-1 1992 Previous studies in this laboratory have demonstrated that the centrally-acting alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine can offer significant protection against both the acute and chronic toxicity following irreversible cholinesterase inactivation with soman. Clonidine 107-116 butyrylcholinesterase Rattus norvegicus 217-231 1348126-4 1992 Epinephrine, oxymetazoline, clonidine, and guanabenz inhibited VP-induced cAMP formation in rat inner medullary collecting tubule cells with IC50s ranging from 10 to 30 nM. Clonidine 28-37 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 63-65 1806268-1 1991 The authors give an account of their five-year experience with the clonidine test of growth hormone (GH) secretion. Clonidine 67-76 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 85-99 1806268-1 1991 The authors give an account of their five-year experience with the clonidine test of growth hormone (GH) secretion. Clonidine 67-76 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 101-103 1686052-0 1991 Effect of acute and chronic administration of clonidine on hypothalamic content of growth hormone-releasing hormone and somatostatin in the rat. Clonidine 46-55 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 83-115 1686052-0 1991 Effect of acute and chronic administration of clonidine on hypothalamic content of growth hormone-releasing hormone and somatostatin in the rat. Clonidine 46-55 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 120-132 1686052-7 1991 It is suggested that the clonidine-induced GH secretion is modulated by a chain of events which involves primary stimulation of GHRH release resulting in increased GH secretion which, via a negative-feedback mechanism, triggers an enhancement of somatostatin release which ultimately normalizes the system. Clonidine 25-34 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 246-258 1665918-0 1991 Growth hormone responses to intravenous clonidine challenge correlate with behavioral irritability in psychiatric patients and healthy volunteers. Clonidine 40-49 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 1762087-4 1991 Tetrodotoxin and clonidine also partially inhibited the relaxing effect of rCGRP. Clonidine 17-26 calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha Rattus norvegicus 75-80 1839909-2 1991 treatment with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on the pressor response to i.c.v.-injected clonidine were investigated in conscious rats. Clonidine 127-136 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 15-41 1839909-2 1991 treatment with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on the pressor response to i.c.v.-injected clonidine were investigated in conscious rats. Clonidine 127-136 natriuretic peptide B Rattus norvegicus 52-77 1839909-2 1991 treatment with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on the pressor response to i.c.v.-injected clonidine were investigated in conscious rats. Clonidine 127-136 natriuretic peptide B Rattus norvegicus 79-82 1839909-3 1991 I.c.v.-pretreatment with ANP (10 micrograms) or BNP (10 micrograms) inhibited the pressor response to i.c.v.-injected clonidine (10 micrograms). Clonidine 118-127 natriuretic peptide B Rattus norvegicus 48-51 1684812-11 1991 Administered i.c.v., clonidine simultaneously activates antinociceptive and antianalgesic systems [latter mediated spinally by Dyn A(1-17) release]. Clonidine 21-30 prodynorphin Mus musculus 127-130 1665918-1 1991 To explore the relationship between central noradrenergic receptor responsivity and indices of impulsive aggression, growth hormone responses to infusions with the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine (GH[CLON]) and responses on the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI) were examined in healthy male volunteers and male patients with major affective or personality disorder. Clonidine 200-209 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 117-131 1938795-1 1991 The ratio of growth hormone response to clonidine and L-dopa challenge was compared in 74 boys: 15 with purported physical abuse, 7 with purported sexual abuse, 13 normal controls, and 39 psychiatric controls. Clonidine 40-49 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-27 1668566-2 1991 In the experiments of rat and rabbit aortic strips, (-)-SPD 0.3-100.0 mumol.L-1 inhibited the contraction initiated by clonidine (alpha 2) and phenylephrine (alpha 1) and shifted the dose-response curve to the right parallely without change in maximum response. Clonidine 119-128 ribosomal protein L4 Rattus norvegicus 76-79 1928767-9 1991 Mean arterial pressure decreased to 74 +/- 2 mmHg in the clonidine group (-26 +/- 2 vs. -15 +/- 2% in the placebo group at T11) despite a significant increase in the cumulative fluid volume. Clonidine 57-66 CD2 molecule Homo sapiens 123-126 1822252-9 1991 In the patient with grossly elevated renin levels, blood pressure fell minimally (6%) after clonidine, but unlike others fell profoundly (37%) after captopril. Clonidine 92-101 renin Homo sapiens 37-42 1742750-0 1991 Interactions of sleep and clonidine on daytime prolactin secretion in humans. Clonidine 26-35 prolactin Homo sapiens 47-56 1742750-8 1991 PRL concentrations increased in placebo and clonidine groups during sleep. Clonidine 44-53 prolactin Homo sapiens 0-3 1765028-0 1991 [SEP monitoring during clonidine therapy of alcohol delirium]. Clonidine 23-32 plexin B1 Homo sapiens 1-4 1765028-5 1991 The SEP responses after Clonidine are like those of morphine and are thought to have a similar central mode of action. Clonidine 24-33 plexin B1 Homo sapiens 4-7 1938795-2 1991 Sexually abused boys demonstrate a statistically significant elevated ratio of growth hormone response to clonidine versus response to L-dopa. Clonidine 106-115 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 79-93 1659347-14 1991 Finally, some antihypertensive drugs (clonidine but not beta-blocking agents) are able to decrease plasma NPY levels. Clonidine 38-47 neuropeptide Y Canis lupus familiaris 106-109 1831841-3 1991 Before treatment, peak serum growth hormone concentrations were less than 10 micrograms/L after levodopa and clonidine stimulation tests in five patients, after clonidine in three patients, and after levodopa in three patients. Clonidine 109-118 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-43 1934527-1 1991 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a single dose of clonidine on the pattern of GH release in response to a 10-hour continuous GRF infusion in normal man. Clonidine 83-92 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 158-161 1934527-9 1991 Pretreatment with clonidine clearly changed the pattern of GH release during GRF infusion: the amount of GH secreted was significantly higher, the number of GH peaks significantly increased, and almost all the GH was secreted within them. Clonidine 18-27 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 77-80 1934527-0 1991 Clonidine pretreatment modifies the growth hormone secretory pattern induced by short-term continuous GRF infusion in normal man. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 102-105 1934527-11 1991 Given that clonidine pretreatment induced a more physiological episodic pattern of GRF-induced GH release, the possibility of combining clonidine and GRF therapy for short stature in children is envisaged. Clonidine 11-20 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 83-86 1934527-11 1991 Given that clonidine pretreatment induced a more physiological episodic pattern of GRF-induced GH release, the possibility of combining clonidine and GRF therapy for short stature in children is envisaged. Clonidine 136-145 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 83-86 2058608-10 1991 Paired clonidine-provoked growth hormone levels and an integrated concentration of 24-hour growth hormone levels and serum levels of insulinlike growth hormone I measured in a control group of normally growing children were also analyzed and showed no seasonal variation. Clonidine 7-16 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-40 1836674-0 1991 [Effects of microinjection of clonidine into nucleus tractus solitarii on atrial natriuretic factor in rats]. Clonidine 30-39 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 74-99 1836674-1 1991 In order to study whether atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is involved in the depressor effect of clonidine, microinjection of the latter into nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) was carried out in anesthetized stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRsp) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Clonidine 97-106 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 53-56 1836674-3 1991 A decrease of blood pressure and heart rate and a suppression of ANF release elicited by clonidine were significantly greater in SHRsp than in WKY rats. Clonidine 89-98 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 65-68 1718542-3 1991 This was more evident following application of forskolin and VIP where the decrease of cAMP caused by clonidine and UK-14,304 is dose-dependent. Clonidine 102-111 VIP peptides Oryctolagus cuniculus 61-64 1677361-5 1991 The administration of both clonidine and pyridostigmine significantly (P less than 0.01) enhanced the GH responses to GHRH compared to those elicited by this challenge when given after placebo. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 102-104 1677361-5 1991 The administration of both clonidine and pyridostigmine significantly (P less than 0.01) enhanced the GH responses to GHRH compared to those elicited by this challenge when given after placebo. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 118-122 1677361-7 1991 When atropine and clonidine were given together, the inhibitory effect of the former was overcame and mean GHRH-elicited GH peak response was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than that in the control study. Clonidine 18-27 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 107-111 1677361-7 1991 When atropine and clonidine were given together, the inhibitory effect of the former was overcame and mean GHRH-elicited GH peak response was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than that in the control study. Clonidine 18-27 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 107-109 1677361-9 1991 These data confirm our previous postulate suggesting that the stimulatory effect of clonidine on GH release is mainly exerted by inhibiting the hypothalamic SRIF release. Clonidine 84-93 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 97-99 19215476-2 1991 Either clonidine (150 mug/kg, sc), an alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, or FK 33-824 (1 mg/kg, sc), a synthetic analog of met-enkephalin, increased plasma growth hormone (GH) levels, the increment being significantly higher with FK 33-824 than with clonidine. Clonidine 7-16 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 152-166 19215476-2 1991 Either clonidine (150 mug/kg, sc), an alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist, or FK 33-824 (1 mg/kg, sc), a synthetic analog of met-enkephalin, increased plasma growth hormone (GH) levels, the increment being significantly higher with FK 33-824 than with clonidine. Clonidine 7-16 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 168-170 1800346-0 1991 Growth hormone response to clonidine in obese children. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 1677320-6 1991 Plasma insulin was suppressed by clonidine from 72 +/- 14 to 47 +/- 7 IU.L-1, an effect antagonised by both doses of MK-467 (p less than 0.05 in each case). Clonidine 33-42 insulin Homo sapiens 7-14 1677320-8 1991 The small effect of MK-467 on clonidine-induced changes in plasma glucose and insulin suggests that peripheral alpha 2-adrenergic receptors play only a minor role in normal glucose homeostasis. Clonidine 30-39 insulin Homo sapiens 78-85 1800346-4 1991 The positive responses (peak level of serum GH greater than 7 ng/ml) were seen in 10% with exercise, in 10% with clonidine and in none with IIH test. Clonidine 113-122 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 44-46 1800346-5 1991 These observations suggest that GH response to oral clonidine is subnormal in obese children. Clonidine 52-61 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 32-34 1714018-6 1991 Clonidine markedly reduced the variability of BP and HR after 90 min as indicated by a reduction in the standard deviations of BP by 36.7% for SAP, 21.0% for DAP, 22.1% for MAP, and 26.0% for HR. Clonidine 0-9 death associated protein Homo sapiens 158-161 1714018-7 1991 At this time clonidine reduced the average BP by 19.7 mm Hg for SAP, 10.6 mm Hg for DAP, 16.0 mm Hg for MAP, and 1.0 beat/min for HR. Clonidine 13-22 death associated protein Homo sapiens 84-87 1876628-8 1991 Improvement in OCD symptoms after clonidine significantly correlated with GH response to clonidine, suggesting specific noradrenergic mediation. Clonidine 34-43 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 74-76 1878751-0 1991 Rapid decrease in neuropeptide Y gene expression in rat adrenal gland induced by the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine. Clonidine 115-124 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 18-32 1878751-1 1991 1 The mechanism of regulation of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene by pharmacological treatment with the alpha 2-adrenenoceptor agonist, clonidine, was investigated by quantitative Northern blot analysis of the effects of this drug on the NPY mRNA levels in rat adrenal gland and medulla oblongata/pons. Clonidine 133-142 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 37-51 1878751-1 1991 1 The mechanism of regulation of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene by pharmacological treatment with the alpha 2-adrenenoceptor agonist, clonidine, was investigated by quantitative Northern blot analysis of the effects of this drug on the NPY mRNA levels in rat adrenal gland and medulla oblongata/pons. Clonidine 133-142 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 53-56 1878751-1 1991 1 The mechanism of regulation of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene by pharmacological treatment with the alpha 2-adrenenoceptor agonist, clonidine, was investigated by quantitative Northern blot analysis of the effects of this drug on the NPY mRNA levels in rat adrenal gland and medulla oblongata/pons. Clonidine 133-142 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 235-238 1878751-2 1991 2 In the adrenal gland, clonidine-treatment (50 microgram kg-1, s.c., once daily) resulted in decrease in the amount of NPY mRNA to 44 +/- 10% of the control level in 24 h and then its increase to 162 +/- 16% of the control level after 5 days. Clonidine 24-33 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 120-123 1878751-6 1991 4 The recovery/increase in the NPY mRNA level in the adrenal gland after 5 days treatment with clonidine was similar to its increase after treatment with reserpine (0.5 mg kg-1, i.p., once daily). Clonidine 95-104 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 31-34 1878751-8 1991 6 These results suggest that clonidine suppresses NPY gene expression in the adrenal gland, probably at the level of transcription, by activation of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor. Clonidine 29-38 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 50-53 1652141-0 1991 Growth hormone and other hormonal responses to clonidine in melancholic and nonmelancholic depressed subjects and controls. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 1678730-5 1991 In male rats treated with FEN, IDZ and CLO, a significant decrease of plasma PRL was produced, but YOH further enhanced PRL secretion. Clonidine 39-42 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 77-80 1678730-5 1991 In male rats treated with FEN, IDZ and CLO, a significant decrease of plasma PRL was produced, but YOH further enhanced PRL secretion. Clonidine 39-42 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 120-123 1876628-8 1991 Improvement in OCD symptoms after clonidine significantly correlated with GH response to clonidine, suggesting specific noradrenergic mediation. Clonidine 89-98 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 74-76 1989571-0 1991 Blunted growth hormone response to clonidine in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Clonidine 35-44 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 8-22 1849217-4 1991 However, the response of GH to clonidine injection was blunted in obese patients. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 25-27 1829611-5 1991 Clonidine (an alpha 2-agonist) and 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT, a 5-HT1A agonist) induced hyperphagia and 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (TFMPP, a 5-HT1B agonist) induced hypophagia dose-dependently in both rat lines. Clonidine 0-9 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A Rattus norvegicus 88-94 1829611-5 1991 Clonidine (an alpha 2-agonist) and 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT, a 5-HT1A agonist) induced hyperphagia and 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (TFMPP, a 5-HT1B agonist) induced hypophagia dose-dependently in both rat lines. Clonidine 0-9 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B Rattus norvegicus 176-182 1859513-1 1991 Concentrations of clonidine (CAS 4205-09-7. Clonidine 18-27 BCAR1 scaffold protein, Cas family member Homo sapiens 29-32 1658840-7 1991 Similarly, prior administration of the anti-NPY antiserum attenuated the depressor effect of the central antihypertensive agents, alpha-MNE and clonidine, whereas inactivated antiserum or control normal rabbit serum were not able to attenuate these effects. Clonidine 144-153 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 44-47 2017778-7 1991 It has been claimed that the protective actions of ATR and clonidine (CLD) against the lethal effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are associated with different underlying mechanisms, i.e. presynaptic versus post-synaptic cholinergic inhibition. Clonidine 59-68 butyrylcholinesterase Mus musculus 105-119 1907565-1 1991 It is well known that the acute administration of clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist commonly used as an antihypertensive drug, stimulates GH secretion, likely via hypothalamic growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) release. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 183-215 1907565-1 1991 It is well known that the acute administration of clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist commonly used as an antihypertensive drug, stimulates GH secretion, likely via hypothalamic growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) release. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 217-221 1907565-2 1991 Conversely, evidences of a hyperactivity of GHRH-GH-somatomedin C (SMC) axis during chronical administration of clonidine are controversial. Clonidine 112-121 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 44-48 1674124-0 1991 Somatostatin inhibits the centrally mediated hypertensive response to clonidine in freely moving rats. Clonidine 70-79 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 0-12 1674124-11 1991 These results suggest that brain somatostatin modulates the centrally-mediated pressor response to clonidine. Clonidine 99-108 somatostatin Rattus norvegicus 33-45 1989571-5 1991 Clonidine produced significantly smaller growth hormone responses in patients than in healthy controls. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 41-55 1989571-8 1991 The blunting of the growth hormone response to clonidine in all three disorders could be due to the presence of generalized anxiety symptoms. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 20-34 1989571-9 1991 Subsensitivity of postsynaptic alpha 2-adrenoreceptors may be present in all three disorders; however, there are alternative interpretations of growth hormone blunting in response to clonidine. Clonidine 183-192 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 144-158 1648670-5 1991 The inhibitory effect of a presumably maximally active concentration of PYY was not altered in the presence of NPY or pancreatic polypeptide (effects not additive), whereas the inhibition produced by a maximally active concentration of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine was further increased by NPY. Clonidine 269-278 peptide YY Rattus norvegicus 72-75 1849767-2 1991 Acute intravenous administration of either clonidine (Clon) (50 micrograms kg-1) or desipramine (DMI) (5 mg kg-1) elicited a pulse of growth hormone (GH) and corticosterone secretion in conscious, unrestrained rats. Clonidine 43-52 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 134-148 1849767-2 1991 Acute intravenous administration of either clonidine (Clon) (50 micrograms kg-1) or desipramine (DMI) (5 mg kg-1) elicited a pulse of growth hormone (GH) and corticosterone secretion in conscious, unrestrained rats. Clonidine 43-52 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 150-152 1849767-2 1991 Acute intravenous administration of either clonidine (Clon) (50 micrograms kg-1) or desipramine (DMI) (5 mg kg-1) elicited a pulse of growth hormone (GH) and corticosterone secretion in conscious, unrestrained rats. Clonidine 54-58 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 134-148 1849767-2 1991 Acute intravenous administration of either clonidine (Clon) (50 micrograms kg-1) or desipramine (DMI) (5 mg kg-1) elicited a pulse of growth hormone (GH) and corticosterone secretion in conscious, unrestrained rats. Clonidine 54-58 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 150-152 1671406-6 1991 Methoxamine hydrochloride and clonidine (alpha-1- and 2-adrenergic agonists) did not induce an increase in [Ca++]i. Clonidine 30-39 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 41-48 1675498-4 1991 The highest yohimbine infusion (50 nmol/kg/min) blocked the clonidine-induced responses of glucagon, insulin and glucose. Clonidine 60-69 LOC105613195 Ovis aries 101-108 2020389-5 1991 The alpha 1-adrenoceptoragonist phenylephrine mimicked the NA effect, whereas the alpha 2-adrenoceptoragonist clonidine had differential actions with decreasing and increasing NMDA elicited CFP. Clonidine 110-119 complement factor properdin Rattus norvegicus 190-193 1905509-0 1991 Synergistic effect of growth hormone and gonadotropins in achieving conception in "clonidine-negative" patients with unexplained infertility. Clonidine 83-92 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-36 1763654-1 1991 The central alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonist, clonidine (300 micrograms daily) significantly increased the plasma beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (beta ELI) in 12 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension in a randomized, crossover study. Clonidine 49-58 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 117-131 2006988-0 1991 The effect of acute ethanol exposure on clonidine-induced growth hormone release in male rats. Clonidine 40-49 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 58-72 1905509-2 1991 The study included patients with long-standing (2-11 years) unexplained infertility with a negative or reduced GH response to clonidine (up to 150 micrograms of clonidine orally). Clonidine 126-135 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 111-113 1955194-0 1991 Clonidine but not propranolol decreases plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels. Clonidine 0-9 neuropeptide Y Canis lupus familiaris 47-61 1997045-4 1991 Noradrenaline, adrenaline and vasopressin concentrations decreased in the clonidine group throughout recovery (P less than 0.001, 0.05 and 0.05, respectively, vs placebo). Clonidine 74-83 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 30-41 1955194-0 1991 Clonidine but not propranolol decreases plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels. Clonidine 0-9 neuropeptide Y Canis lupus familiaris 63-66 1955194-2 1991 Clonidine decreased plasma noradrenaline and NPY concentrations in both groups of animals. Clonidine 0-9 neuropeptide Y Canis lupus familiaris 45-48 1955194-5 1991 The decrease in plasma NPY concentrations could contribute to the sympatholytic effect of clonidine. Clonidine 90-99 neuropeptide Y Canis lupus familiaris 23-26 1823078-0 1991 Acute effects of clonidine and growth-hormone-releasing hormone on growth hormone secretion in patients with hyperthyroidism. Clonidine 17-26 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 67-81 1806474-7 1991 Peak GH after clonidine was 22.4 +/- 8.9 and 22.8 +/- 8.1, respectively. Clonidine 14-23 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 5-7 1823078-2 1991 The stimulatory effect of clonidine on GH secretion has been suggested to depend on an enhancement of hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) release. Clonidine 26-35 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 115-135 1823078-2 1991 The stimulatory effect of clonidine on GH secretion has been suggested to depend on an enhancement of hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) release. Clonidine 26-35 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 137-141 1658517-0 1991 Release of contractile agents from rat vas deferens by clonidine. Clonidine 55-64 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 39-42 1658517-1 1991 Clonidine induces contractile effects on the isolated rat vas deferens, but not on rat uterus or guinea-pig ileum. Clonidine 0-9 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 58-61 1658517-2 1991 However, we have observed that if clonidine is incubated for about 10 min with a nutrient solution containing an isolated rat vas deferens, the resulting solution can contract an isolated rat uterus, or guinea-pig ileum indicating the involvement of a substance released from the vas. Clonidine 34-43 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 126-129 1658517-2 1991 However, we have observed that if clonidine is incubated for about 10 min with a nutrient solution containing an isolated rat vas deferens, the resulting solution can contract an isolated rat uterus, or guinea-pig ileum indicating the involvement of a substance released from the vas. Clonidine 34-43 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 280-283 1901390-4 1991 The stimulatory effect of clonidine and L-dopa on GH release is mediated via GHRH. Clonidine 26-35 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 77-81 2085787-2 1990 Simultaneous administration of CLO induced in young dogs an additive effect on GH release and potentiated in old dogs the GHRH-induced GH release, with the GH response being clearly higher than the sum of the GH responses to GHRH or CLO alone. Clonidine 31-34 growth hormone releasing hormone Canis lupus familiaris 122-126 1851309-6 1991 Five ECS (200 V, 2 s) spread over 10 days, but not a single shock, reduced the hypoactivity and mydriasis responses to clonidine. Clonidine 119-128 epistatic circling SWR/J Mus musculus 5-8 2085787-2 1990 Simultaneous administration of CLO induced in young dogs an additive effect on GH release and potentiated in old dogs the GHRH-induced GH release, with the GH response being clearly higher than the sum of the GH responses to GHRH or CLO alone. Clonidine 31-34 growth hormone releasing hormone Canis lupus familiaris 225-229 2085787-2 1990 Simultaneous administration of CLO induced in young dogs an additive effect on GH release and potentiated in old dogs the GHRH-induced GH release, with the GH response being clearly higher than the sum of the GH responses to GHRH or CLO alone. Clonidine 233-236 growth hormone releasing hormone Canis lupus familiaris 122-126 1977761-2 1990 In 10 normal subjects we compared the pattern of clonidine-induced GH release to that elicited by GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) given at a time of presumably similar responsiveness of the somatotrope. Clonidine 49-58 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 67-69 2279968-0 1990 Growth hormone response to L-dopa and clonidine in autistic children. Clonidine 38-47 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 2279968-8 1990 In the autistic subjects, the L-Dopa-stimulated growth hormone peak was delayed and the clonidine growth hormone peak was premature. Clonidine 88-97 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 98-112 2292030-2 1990 Neonatal depletion of noradrenaline by daily subcutaneous injections of clonidine results in supersensitivity to noradrenaline in adult hippocampal CA1 cells as shown in our previous microiontophoretic study. Clonidine 72-81 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 148-151 1977761-4 1990 In 2 experiments the administration of clonidine (0.150 mg, orally) at 0 or 60 min was followed by a GHRH [GRF-(1-29); 1 micrograms/kg, iv] challenge at 180 min. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 101-105 2279968-9 1990 A statistical difference with the control subjects was found when consideration was given to both the premature response of growth hormone to clonidine and the delayed response to L-Dopa (p = .01, Fisher"s Exact Test). Clonidine 142-151 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 124-138 1977761-7 1990 The administration of clonidine 60 or 120 min, but not 180 min, before the GHRH bolus significantly (P less than 0.01) increased the GH responses to this challenge compared to those elicited by GHRH when given after placebo in a period of a similar somatotrope responsiveness. Clonidine 22-31 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 194-198 1977761-9 1990 The close relationship between pre-GHRH plasma GH values and GHRH-elicited GH peaks, not observed for clonidine, was lost after pretreatment with this drug. Clonidine 102-111 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 47-49 1979809-8 1990 The nocturnal increase of NAT activity of pineal glands in vitro was inhibited with an order of potency clonidine greater than bromocriptine greater than quinpirole. Clonidine 104-113 arylamine N-acetyltransferase, liver isozyme Gallus gallus 26-29 19912776-4 1990 The catecholamine uptake blocker desipramine and the alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine inhibited accumulation of newly synthesized catecholamines, but only after prolonged exposure to drug; NPY synthesis and accumulation were unaltered by these treatments. Clonidine 90-99 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 203-206 2122744-9 1990 Thus endothelium-dependent relaxations to serotonin and to the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine are mediated through the release of nitric oxide formed from L-arginine in endothelial cells, whereas bradykinin evokes endothelium-dependent relaxations via a different pathway. Clonidine 90-99 kininogen 1 Homo sapiens 202-212 2092912-0 1990 [Efficient diagnosis of hypothalamo-hypophyseal nanism: 5 years" experience with the clonidine stimulation test in the diagnosis of growth hormone secretion]. Clonidine 85-94 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 132-146 2092912-1 1990 The clonidine stimulation test, using doses of 37.5--75 micrograms clonidine and assessment of growth hormone levels at times 0, 60 minutes, is a suitable, safe and relatively reliable screening test for ambulatory work. Clonidine 4-13 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 95-109 1703600-0 1990 Blunted renal response to atrial natriuretic peptide in congestive heart failure rats is reversed by the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine. Clonidine 132-141 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 26-52 2171846-1 1990 The alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic venoconstriction in dorsal hand veins of normal subjects was determined by infusion of phenylephrine or clonidine. Clonidine 140-149 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 4-24 2147600-6 1990 Prior treatment with GHRH(1-29)-NH2 led to a marked attenuation of the peak serum GH response to clonidine. Clonidine 97-106 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 21-25 2084146-10 1990 Challenge with either L-dopa or clonidine produced a peak GH response of 2.3 ng/ml (normals = greater than 7 ng/ml). Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 58-60 1976799-2 1990 If this premise is correct then 1) specific antagonists of the antidiuretic effect of vasopressin (V2 antagonists) should mimic alpha-2 adrenoceptor stimulation and 2) in the presence of V2 antagonists, the diuretic and natriuretic effect of clonidine should be attenuated. Clonidine 242-251 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 86-97 1699553-0 1990 Neuropeptide Y and galanin enhance the inhibitory effects of clonidine on norepinephrine release from medulla oblongata of rats. Clonidine 61-70 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-26 1699553-5 1990 A combination of clonidine and low concentration of NPY (1 X 10(-9) mol/L) resulted in an increase in the inhibitory action of clonidine on stimulation-evoked NE release. Clonidine 127-136 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 52-55 1699553-6 1990 The inhibitory action of clonidine was also potentiated by Gal (1 X 10(-8) mol/L). Clonidine 25-34 galanin and GMAP prepropeptide Rattus norvegicus 59-62 2233767-5 1990 However in an adolescent boy with renal hypertension plasma concentration of noradrenaline and NPY fell following clonidine application (noradrenaline from 1.9 to 1.3 nmol/l, NPY from 3.6 to 2.4 pmol/l). Clonidine 114-123 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 95-98 2233767-5 1990 However in an adolescent boy with renal hypertension plasma concentration of noradrenaline and NPY fell following clonidine application (noradrenaline from 1.9 to 1.3 nmol/l, NPY from 3.6 to 2.4 pmol/l). Clonidine 114-123 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 175-178 2380338-0 1990 Acute clonidine administration potentiates spontaneous diurnal, but not nocturnal, growth hormone secretion in normal short children. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 83-97 2204433-0 1990 Comparison of growth hormone response after clonidine and insulin hypoglycemia in affective illness. Clonidine 44-53 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 14-28 2204433-2 1990 In the present study, we examined the relationship between GH response after clonidine and insulin administration within the same subject to see if consistent response patterns were evident. Clonidine 77-86 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 59-61 2204433-3 1990 Though there was a significant reduction in the mean GH response after clonidine (p = 0.0002), similar differences were not observed after insulin (p = 0.10). Clonidine 71-80 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 53-55 2172136-1 1990 Comparative study of growth hormone (GH) secretion stimulated by clonidine and GH-releasing hormone. Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 21-35 2172136-1 1990 Comparative study of growth hormone (GH) secretion stimulated by clonidine and GH-releasing hormone. Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 37-39 2193493-9 1990 Clonidine caused significant reductions in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, apolipoproteins AI and AII (p less than 0.05 but was neutral on all other lipids, lipid subfractions, and apolipoproteins. Clonidine 0-9 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 Homo sapiens 81-107 19215376-3 1990 The GH-releasing effect of clonidine (0.15 mg infused iv over 10 min), an alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist, was significantly blunted by yohimbine (30 mg orally at -50 min), a relatively specific alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonist area under the response curve, mean+/-SEM: 672.6 +/- 143.0 versus 219.6 +/- 16.7 mug/l/h; P<0.05). Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-6 2171000-3 1990 Previous ICV treatment with clonidine (20, 40, 80 and 120 nmol) abolished the pressor, tachycardic and dipsogenic effects of ICV AII. Clonidine 28-37 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 129-132 2171000-6 1990 The results show that the periventricular alpha 1-adrenoceptors are involved only in the cardiovascular responses produced by central AII, whereas clonidine acting through alpha 2-adrenergic and/or imidazole receptors can modulate all actions of AII. Clonidine 147-156 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 246-249 19215384-1 1990 Abstract In order to get better characterization of androgenic hormones on the functionality of the alpha(2)-adrenergic system and widen our previous studies, we investigated the effect of clonidine on the growth hormone (GH) secretion in male Wistar rats of various ages: 7-, 14- and 30-day old and adult, adult male castrated rats with and without testosterone treatment. Clonidine 189-198 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 206-220 19215384-1 1990 Abstract In order to get better characterization of androgenic hormones on the functionality of the alpha(2)-adrenergic system and widen our previous studies, we investigated the effect of clonidine on the growth hormone (GH) secretion in male Wistar rats of various ages: 7-, 14- and 30-day old and adult, adult male castrated rats with and without testosterone treatment. Clonidine 189-198 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 222-224 19215384-2 1990 Two different patterns of the GH response to clonidine have been observed in the control and testosterone-treated young animals: clonidine at the dose 15 mug/kg intraperitoneally had no effect on the GH secretion in 7- to 14-day old rat pups. Clonidine 45-54 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 30-32 19215384-4 1990 In 30-day old rats clonidine affected GH secretion and this influence was more pronounced in the testosterone-treated animals than in the controls. Clonidine 19-28 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 38-40 19215384-5 1990 The decrease in the circulating testosterone levels caused by castration in adult male rats caused a decreased GH response to clonidine. Clonidine 126-135 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 111-113 2162335-5 1990 Carbamylcholine- and clonidine-mediated inhibition of VIP-stimulated cAMP accumulation in ciliary processes were nonadditive, indicating that inhibitory muscarinic and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors coexist on VIP-responsive target cells. Clonidine 21-30 VIP peptides Oryctolagus cuniculus 54-57 1972138-4 1990 Neuropeptide Y potentiated inhibition of [3H]norepinephrine release by the alpha 2-agonists UK 14,304 and clonidine. Clonidine 106-115 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 2162335-5 1990 Carbamylcholine- and clonidine-mediated inhibition of VIP-stimulated cAMP accumulation in ciliary processes were nonadditive, indicating that inhibitory muscarinic and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors coexist on VIP-responsive target cells. Clonidine 21-30 VIP peptides Oryctolagus cuniculus 208-211 2140250-0 1990 Effects of intramuscular clonidine on hemodynamic and plasma beta-endorphin responses to gynecologic laparoscopy. Clonidine 25-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 61-75 2140250-10 1990 The blunting effect of clonidine on hemodynamics and plasma beta endorphin may reflect a deeper level of anesthesia in those women receiving clonidine as preanesthetic medication or can be explained by an interaction of clonidine with endogenous opiates. Clonidine 23-32 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-74 2162745-0 1990 Down-regulation of alpha 2-adrenoceptors involved in growth hormone control in the hypothalamus of infant rats receiving short-term clonidine administration. Clonidine 132-141 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 53-67 2162745-1 1990 In infant rats short-term administration of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine (CLO), induces refractoriness to the growth hormone (GH)-releasing effect of an acute CLO challenge. Clonidine 78-87 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 125-139 2162745-1 1990 In infant rats short-term administration of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine (CLO), induces refractoriness to the growth hormone (GH)-releasing effect of an acute CLO challenge. Clonidine 78-87 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 141-143 2162745-1 1990 In infant rats short-term administration of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine (CLO), induces refractoriness to the growth hormone (GH)-releasing effect of an acute CLO challenge. Clonidine 89-92 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 125-139 2162745-1 1990 In infant rats short-term administration of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine (CLO), induces refractoriness to the growth hormone (GH)-releasing effect of an acute CLO challenge. Clonidine 89-92 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 141-143 2162745-1 1990 In infant rats short-term administration of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine (CLO), induces refractoriness to the growth hormone (GH)-releasing effect of an acute CLO challenge. Clonidine 174-177 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 125-139 2162745-2 1990 CLO reportedly stimulates GH release via increased release of GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) from the hypothalamus. Clonidine 0-3 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 26-28 2162745-2 1990 CLO reportedly stimulates GH release via increased release of GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) from the hypothalamus. Clonidine 0-3 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 62-82 2162745-2 1990 CLO reportedly stimulates GH release via increased release of GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) from the hypothalamus. Clonidine 0-3 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 84-88 2162745-3 1990 Based on these premises, in this study we investigated the possibility that repeated CLO administration may induce down-regulation of hypothalamic alpha 2-adrenoceptors, involved in GH control, thus prohibiting the GH-releasing effect of the drug. Clonidine 85-88 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 182-184 2162745-3 1990 Based on these premises, in this study we investigated the possibility that repeated CLO administration may induce down-regulation of hypothalamic alpha 2-adrenoceptors, involved in GH control, thus prohibiting the GH-releasing effect of the drug. Clonidine 85-88 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 215-217 2162745-7 1990 Treatment with CLO decreased by about 30% the maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) in areas of the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) involved in the stimulatory control of GH secretion, i.e. nucleus periventricularis arcuatus, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami and nucleus lateralis hypothalami. Clonidine 15-18 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 170-172 1971432-0 1990 Clonidine, administered intracerebroventricularly in mice, produces an anti-analgesic effect which may be mediated spinally by dynorphin A (1-17). Clonidine 0-9 prodynorphin Mus musculus 127-144 2159483-6 1990 Since clonidine acts by releasing endogenous GHRH, similar studies were undertaken employing arginine, which presumably enhances GH release by reducing somatostatin discharge. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 45-49 1971432-9 1990 The authors propose that clonidine, given intracerebroventricularly, activates an anti-analgesic system which descends spinally and is mediated by dynorphin A (1-17) in the spinal cord. Clonidine 25-34 prodynorphin Mus musculus 147-164 2160341-0 1990 Naloxone-induced ACTH release in man is inhibited by clonidine. Clonidine 53-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 17-21 2140296-9 1990 The rise of ANF after clonidine administration will be the subject of subsequent investigations. Clonidine 22-31 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 12-15 2160341-3 1990 We used the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine, as a central nervous system inhibitor of ACTH release to see if it would alter naloxone-induced ACTH secretion in normal human volunteers. Clonidine 40-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 92-96 2160341-3 1990 We used the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine, as a central nervous system inhibitor of ACTH release to see if it would alter naloxone-induced ACTH secretion in normal human volunteers. Clonidine 40-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 147-151 2160341-5 1990 There was a significant blunting of the mean peak level of ACTH and the mean peak change of ACTH from basal as well as the area under the ACTH-time curve when clonidine was given prior to naloxone. Clonidine 159-168 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 2160341-5 1990 There was a significant blunting of the mean peak level of ACTH and the mean peak change of ACTH from basal as well as the area under the ACTH-time curve when clonidine was given prior to naloxone. Clonidine 159-168 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 92-96 2160341-5 1990 There was a significant blunting of the mean peak level of ACTH and the mean peak change of ACTH from basal as well as the area under the ACTH-time curve when clonidine was given prior to naloxone. Clonidine 159-168 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 92-96 2160341-7 1990 We conclude that clonidine, by blocking central noradrenergic pathways, which stimulate corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion, inhibits naloxone-induced ACTH secretion. Clonidine 17-26 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 88-119 2160341-7 1990 We conclude that clonidine, by blocking central noradrenergic pathways, which stimulate corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion, inhibits naloxone-induced ACTH secretion. Clonidine 17-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 157-161 2333361-0 1990 Dose-response profiles of plasma growth hormone and vasopressin after clonidine challenge in man. Clonidine 70-79 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 33-47 2157699-1 1990 The growth hormone response to stimulation with oral clonidine and L-dopa was measured in 14 boys with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 15 normal boys. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 2157699-2 1990 The six MDD boys who were prepubertal or in early puberty were significantly lower than the 10 normal subjects of this age in peak growth hormone response following clonidine administration (p = 0.029) and area under the curve for clonidine (p = 0.030) and L-dopa (p = 0.028). Clonidine 165-174 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 131-145 2164166-3 1990 NPY-induced inhibition of [3H]NE release was unaffected by pretreatment of tissues with atropine (100 nM) plus yohimbine (100 nM) and was non-additive with the maximal prejunctional effects of carbamycholine or clonidine, indicating that NPY acts independently of prejunctional muscarinic or alpha 2-adrenergic receptor activity to reduce [3H]NE overflow. Clonidine 211-220 neuropeptide Y Oryctolagus cuniculus 0-3 2318712-0 1990 Blunted growth hormone responses to clonidine in adolescent girls with early anorexia nervosa. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 8-22 2318712-5 1990 However, the GH response to the alpha-adrenergic agent clonidine was blunted (less than 10 ng/ml) in 11 of 14 girls with AN. Clonidine 55-64 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-15 2333361-0 1990 Dose-response profiles of plasma growth hormone and vasopressin after clonidine challenge in man. Clonidine 70-79 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 52-63 2333361-1 1990 The objective of the study was to determine dose-response relationships of growth hormone, vasopressin, blood pressure, heart rate, and behavioral responses to clonidine. Clonidine 160-169 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 75-89 2333361-1 1990 The objective of the study was to determine dose-response relationships of growth hormone, vasopressin, blood pressure, heart rate, and behavioral responses to clonidine. Clonidine 160-169 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 91-102 2333361-7 1990 Vasopressin showed a drop following clonidine after the two higher doses. Clonidine 36-45 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 0-11 1982655-0 1990 Aggravation of the severity of the clonidine withdrawal syndrome in conscious rats by beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonists. Clonidine 35-44 adrenoceptor beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 86-105 2106191-6 1990 Although all three stimuli induced a marked increase in plasma hGH levels, only clonidine induced a significant increase in plasma GHRH levels. Clonidine 80-89 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 131-135 2106191-7 1990 Maximal increment in GHRH during clonidine was 6.82 +/- 1.05 pmol/l (mean +/- SEM) as compared with 0.51 +/- 0.28 and 0.53 +/- 0.62 during hypoglycemia and exercise (p less than 0.0005 and p less than 0.005), respectively. Clonidine 33-42 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 21-25 2106191-10 1990 It is suggested that clonidine stimulates hGH secretion mainly through an enhancement of GHRH release, whereas stress stimuli such as hypoglycemia and exercise achieve hGH release by a different mechanism, possibly inhibition of somatostatin. Clonidine 21-30 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 89-93 2301821-0 1990 Orally administered clonidine as a secretagogue of growth hormone and as a thymotrophic agent in dogs of various ages. Clonidine 20-29 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 51-65 2301821-2 1990 Significant (P less than 0.05) increase in plasma GH concentration was detected at all dosages tested in young dogs and in response to all but the lowest dose tested in the old dogs fed the clonidine-containing diet. Clonidine 190-199 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 50-52 2301821-3 1990 Old dogs had plasma GH concentration that exceeded that of young dogs when higher doses of clonidine were used. Clonidine 91-100 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 20-22 2154719-6 1990 The effects of clonidine on the GH release and blood pressure were lost in long-term castrated rats, but were restored by testosterone replacement in the castrates. Clonidine 15-24 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 32-34 2154719-9 1990 strongly inhibited the secretion of GH induced by clonidine treatment in sham-operated animals, and its inhibitory action was significantly attenuated in castrates. Clonidine 50-59 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 36-38 2154719-12 1990 The results of the present study indicate that the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor-mediated effects of clonidine on the GH release and blood pressure might be dependent on the endogenous testosterone secretion. Clonidine 99-108 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 116-118 2163062-2 1990 HGH, PRL and TSH responses to clonidine. Clonidine 30-39 prolactin Homo sapiens 5-8 2100275-0 1990 Effect of chronic clonidine treatment on urinary growth hormone excretion and linear growth in children with short stature. Clonidine 18-27 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-63 2126361-0 1990 Growth hormone responses to growth hormone-releasing hormone, clonidine and insulin-induced hypoglycemia in normal weight bulimic women. Clonidine 62-71 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 1980144-4 1990 Administration of the alpha-2 agonist clonidine resulted in a 24-fold increase in plasma adrenocorticotropin and a significant decrease in median eminence corticotropin-releasing factor, consistent with its release. Clonidine 38-47 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 155-185 1980144-6 1990 Concurrent administration of clonidine with the selective alpha-2 antagonist yohimbine prevented the clonidine-induced changes in plasma adrenocorticotropin and hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor, consistent with the clonidine effect being mediated through alpha-2 receptors. Clonidine 29-38 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 174-204 1980144-6 1990 Concurrent administration of clonidine with the selective alpha-2 antagonist yohimbine prevented the clonidine-induced changes in plasma adrenocorticotropin and hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor, consistent with the clonidine effect being mediated through alpha-2 receptors. Clonidine 101-110 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 174-204 1980144-6 1990 Concurrent administration of clonidine with the selective alpha-2 antagonist yohimbine prevented the clonidine-induced changes in plasma adrenocorticotropin and hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor, consistent with the clonidine effect being mediated through alpha-2 receptors. Clonidine 101-110 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 174-204 2087535-0 1990 Growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) in normal controls. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 2087535-0 1990 Growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) in normal controls. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 2170253-11 1990 Many classical pharmacological agents including guanethidine, clonidine, yohimbine, angiotensin II, nicotine and desipramine influence NPY release. Clonidine 62-71 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 135-138 2358560-4 1990 By contrast, a fentanyl-midazolam combination with continuous supplementation of clonidine 0.014 micrograms kg-1 min-1 (1.44 mg 70 kg-1 24 h-1) was very effective in terms of sedation and pain relief. Clonidine 81-90 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 113-118 2250556-1 1990 The spinal antinociceptive interaction between the opiate receptor subtype agonists morphine (mu), U69593 (kappa) and [D-Pen2,5]-enkephalin (DPDPE; delta) with clonidine (alpha 2 adrenergic) was examined. Clonidine 160-169 proenkephalin Rattus norvegicus 129-139 2352756-1 1990 In eight children, after the termination of therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) the secretion of growth hormone (GH) was determined by the stimulation test with clonidine. Clonidine 173-182 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 109-123 2087535-1 1990 To investigate the relationship between the plasma growth hormone (GH) response to provocative challenge with the hypothalamic peptide growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) and the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine, we administered GRF (1 microgram/kg), clonidine (2 micrograms/kg), and placebo to 21 healthy normal controls (13 men and eight women). Clonidine 208-217 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 51-65 2195577-1 1990 Central alpha 2-adrenergic function is often inferred from the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine, despite the drug"s known hypnotic effect and the accepted cholinergic mechanism for sleep-related GH secretion. Clonidine 95-104 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 63-77 2129311-4 1990 The response of beta-endorphin to clonidine in the AN patients was increased, whereas the response of beta-endorphin to naloxone was decreased. Clonidine 34-43 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-30 2087535-2 1990 Both clonidine and GRF caused significant increases in plasma GH levels over baseline. Clonidine 5-14 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 62-64 2087535-3 1990 The peak GH-responses to GRF and clonidine were similar (GRF = 8.7 +/- 6.7 ng/ml; clonidine = 6.5 +/- 5.9 ng/ml; Wilcoxon test: s = 361, z = -1.31, p = NS). Clonidine 33-42 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 9-11 2087535-4 1990 The GH responses to GRF and clonidine were significantly correlated (rs = 0.62, n = 20, p = 0.004). Clonidine 28-37 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-6 2195577-1 1990 Central alpha 2-adrenergic function is often inferred from the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine, despite the drug"s known hypnotic effect and the accepted cholinergic mechanism for sleep-related GH secretion. Clonidine 95-104 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 79-81 2195577-8 1990 We conclude that the GH response to clonidine may not be indicative of alpha 2-adrenergic function if sleep is permitted during the test. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 21-23 2087535-6 1990 There was a modest gender effect with clonidine (men greater than women; p less than 0.06) and a negative correlation between GH secretion and age with both GRF and clonidine. Clonidine 165-174 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 126-128 6322574-2 1984 We found that clonidine is an effective and safe stimulator of GH release and provided a clearer distinction between GH-deficient and non-GH-deficient young persons than levodopa or arginine. Clonidine 14-23 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 63-65 2087535-8 1990 These findings are consistent with animal studies suggesting that the GH response to clonidine is mediated by GRF. Clonidine 85-94 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 70-72 2087535-8 1990 These findings are consistent with animal studies suggesting that the GH response to clonidine is mediated by GRF. Clonidine 85-94 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 110-113 6322574-0 1984 A comparison of clonidine and standard provocative agents of growth hormone. Clonidine 16-25 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 61-75 26418907-9 2016 "Prophylactic" and "therapeutic" administration of clonidine and dexmedetomidine reduced pancreatic morphologic injury (P < 0.05 vs SNP), serum proinflammatory high-mobility group box 1 protein (P < 0.0001 vs SNP), as well as pancreatic and pulmonary myeloperoxidase levels (P < 0.01 vs SNP). Clonidine 51-60 high mobility group box 1 Rattus norvegicus 163-188 33798975-3 2021 Clonidine, an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, reduces the release of norepinephrine and has been suggested as a treatment for PTSD. Clonidine 0-9 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 14-20 33798290-9 2021 The functions of alpha2AR within the NTS in modulating MBP and HR were verified by microinjection of its agonist (clonidine) and antagonist (yohimbine) separately. Clonidine 114-123 adenosine A2a receptor Rattus norvegicus 17-25 33031124-3 2021 Its chemical structure is similar to clonidine and acts as a central alpha-2 agonist which may cause bradycardia and transient hypertension followed by hypotension. Clonidine 37-46 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 69-76 33981204-10 2021 Treatment with noradrenergic alpha-2 agonist clonidine, alpha-1 agonist phenylephrine, or beta-receptor agonist isoproterenol showed that the modulation may partly rely on alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. Clonidine 45-54 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A7C Rattus norvegicus 29-36 26418907-9 2016 "Prophylactic" and "therapeutic" administration of clonidine and dexmedetomidine reduced pancreatic morphologic injury (P < 0.05 vs SNP), serum proinflammatory high-mobility group box 1 protein (P < 0.0001 vs SNP), as well as pancreatic and pulmonary myeloperoxidase levels (P < 0.01 vs SNP). Clonidine 51-60 myeloperoxidase Rattus norvegicus 257-272 34418530-0 2022 Diagnosing growth hormone deficiency - Can a combined arginine and clonidine stimulation test replace two separate tests? Clonidine 67-76 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 11-25 34809759-3 2021 Clonidine and dexmedetomidine are alpha2-adrenergic receptor (alpha2-AR) agonists that can greatly enhance various ERAS components owing to their unique pharmacologic properties: antinociception, anxiolysis, anti-inflammation, and renal protection. Clonidine 0-9 adenosine A2a receptor Homo sapiens 62-71 34829630-7 2021 Consistently, EA mimics clonidine in inhibiting noradrenaline exocytosis from hippocampal nerve endings in a yohimbine-sensitive fashion that confirms the engagement of naive alpha2-ARs in the EA-mediated effect. Clonidine 24-33 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 175-181 34758972-1 2021 OBJECTIVES: Clonidine is an alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonist and is frequently combined with opioids (ie, morphine hydrochloride (HCl)) for the management of chronic pain. Clonidine 12-21 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 28-35 35399935-13 2022 The higher the leptin, the lower maxGH in clonidine stimulation test was recorded. Clonidine 42-51 leptin Homo sapiens 15-21 34720019-2 2021 This study was designed in two sections: in vivo/in vitro with clonidine as the alpha-2 adrenoceptor (ADR-alpha2) agonist for modulating this hyperactivity. Clonidine 63-72 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 80-87 34720019-2 2021 This study was designed in two sections: in vivo/in vitro with clonidine as the alpha-2 adrenoceptor (ADR-alpha2) agonist for modulating this hyperactivity. Clonidine 63-72 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 102-112 34720019-9 2021 But ADR-alpha1 expression in PCO-clonidine group decreased (p value = .042), the same as ADR-alpha2 expression. Clonidine 33-42 adrenoceptor alpha 1B Homo sapiens 4-14 34123619-1 2021 Clonidine is an alpha-2 agonist traditionally used as an antihypertensive, and more recently in the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), tic disorders such as Tourette"s syndrome, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Clonidine 0-9 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 16-23 35099720-7 2022 The results showed that clonidine increased citrate synthase, cytochrome oxidase and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase activities of FM. Clonidine 24-33 citrate synthase Rattus norvegicus 44-60 35563024-5 2022 In addition, stimulation of alpha2-ARs with agonists such as clonidine, a well-known antihypertensive drug, decreased cancer cell proliferation. Clonidine 61-70 G protein-coupled receptor 162 Mus musculus 28-34 34640590-10 2021 Therefore, counterintuitively, antihypertensive agents such as beta-blockers or alpha-2 adrenergic agonists (clonidine, dexmedetomidine) are useful. Clonidine 109-118 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 80-87 34358575-5 2021 At the same time as crow suppression by clonidine there was a reduction of immediate early gene, zenk mRNA, in the ICo; no zenk mRNA expression was detected in the dorsomedial division of the nucleus. Clonidine 40-49 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: early growth response protein 1 Coturnix japonica 97-101 34337671-4 2021 RESULTS: To experimentally mimic a shock-like situation, we developed a murine model of clonidine-induced hypotension by targeting a reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) of approximately 50% over 4 h. We found that hypotension-induced reduction of flow in the absence of confounding disease factors (i.e., inflammation, injury, among others) is sufficient to suppress GATA3 and Tie2 transcription. Clonidine 88-97 GATA binding protein 3 Mus musculus 368-373 34337671-4 2021 RESULTS: To experimentally mimic a shock-like situation, we developed a murine model of clonidine-induced hypotension by targeting a reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) of approximately 50% over 4 h. We found that hypotension-induced reduction of flow in the absence of confounding disease factors (i.e., inflammation, injury, among others) is sufficient to suppress GATA3 and Tie2 transcription. Clonidine 88-97 TEK receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 378-382 34302721-1 2021 alpha2 -Adrenoceptor agonists such as clonidine and dexmedetomidine are used as adjuvants to local anesthetics in regional anesthesia. Clonidine 38-47 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A7C Rattus norvegicus 0-6 34321684-2 2021 This study aims to compare the effect of intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine with alpha-2 agonists (dexmedetomidine and clonidine) for postoperative analgesia. Clonidine 128-137 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 90-97 34249955-1 2021 Background: Although clonidine and dexmedetomidine are used as alpha-2 agonists to improve the quality and duration of blockade induced by local anesthetics, no study has been reported to compare their associated adverse events in local anesthesia. Clonidine 21-30 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 63-70 34421146-6 2021 The fitting acronym, "B-CALM", which stands for Beta-blockers, Clonazepam, Anticholinergics, cLonidine and Mirtazapine, will assist prescribers in facile recall of evidence-based treatment options for akathisia. Clonidine 93-102 synaptosome associated protein 91 Homo sapiens 24-28 35203087-3 2022 More recently, the alpha-2 adrenergic agonist clonidine has also become popular as a preanesthetic sedative. Clonidine 46-55 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 19-26 34772856-9 2022 The BP response of fld mice to clonidine (a centrally acting alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist) was greater than that of control mice. Clonidine 31-40 lipin 1 Mus musculus 19-22 2575439-3 1989 Systemic (IV) administration of the alpha 2 receptor agonist clonidine is known to stimulate secretion of PRL and growth hormone (GH) suggesting a stimulatory role of the central alpha 2 receptors in the regulation of the two hormones. Clonidine 61-70 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 114-128 2617277-6 1989 Clonidine increased the objective threshold by 21% (+6.2 mA, SEM 2.4) and the subjective threshold by 10% (+2.4 mA, SEM 1.3). Clonidine 0-9 semaphorin 3G Homo sapiens 61-66 2617277-6 1989 Clonidine increased the objective threshold by 21% (+6.2 mA, SEM 2.4) and the subjective threshold by 10% (+2.4 mA, SEM 1.3). Clonidine 0-9 SEM1 26S proteasome subunit Homo sapiens 116-121 2575439-3 1989 Systemic (IV) administration of the alpha 2 receptor agonist clonidine is known to stimulate secretion of PRL and growth hormone (GH) suggesting a stimulatory role of the central alpha 2 receptors in the regulation of the two hormones. Clonidine 61-70 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 130-132 2575439-5 1989 This conclusion is based on the following findings: 1) The minimum effective IV dose of clonidine or UK 14304 was four times larger for activation of PRL than GH secretion and had already manifest extracentral effects (elevation of arterial BP). Clonidine 88-97 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 159-161 2575440-6 1989 2) The PRL-releasing effect of YOH or Wy 26392 was reversed by the alpha 2 agonist clonidine but the same effect of RAU was not, speaking against a common alpha 2-mediated mechanism of action of the three antagonists. Clonidine 83-92 prolactin Homo sapiens 7-10 2632717-0 1989 Osmoregulation of vasopressin during acute lowering of arterial pressure by clonidine in moderate hypertension. Clonidine 76-85 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 18-29 2481776-7 1989 Fourteen days of administration of the beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist CLEN [0.3 mg/kg, subcutaneously (s.c.) twice daily], a treatment that induces desensitization of beta 2-mediated vasodilation, increased the pressor response induced by CLO, an effect that was not observed in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. Clonidine 236-239 adrenoceptor beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 39-58 2481778-0 1989 Beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonists intensify clonidine withdrawal syndrome in conscious rats. Clonidine 42-51 adrenoceptor beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-19 2632717-6 1989 In our study, acute lowering of arterial pressure by clonidine did not significantly change baseline vasopressin, but facilitated osmotically induced vasopressin secretion. Clonidine 53-62 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 150-161 2574746-0 1989 Effect of clonidine on myocardial cyclic GMP content in the mouse-activation of central and peripheral alpha adrenoceptors. Clonidine 10-19 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Mus musculus 41-44 2575711-0 1989 Dual action of clonidine on insulin release: suppression, but stimulation when alpha 2-adrenoceptors are blocked. Clonidine 15-24 insulin Homo sapiens 28-35 2575711-1 1989 As shown previously clonidine reduces glucose-stimulated insulin release and this effect is mediated by inhibitory postsynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Clonidine 20-29 insulin Homo sapiens 57-64 2575711-2 1989 The present experiments demonstrate that clonidine has the additional property to also stimulate insulin release. Clonidine 41-50 insulin Homo sapiens 97-104 2575711-4 1989 In the presence of benextramine, clonidine no longer reduced, but on the contrary enhanced, the release of insulin in response to glucose. Clonidine 33-42 insulin Homo sapiens 107-114 2575711-6 1989 These results show that the imidazoline derivative clonidine shares the property of other imidazoline compounds to enhance the insulin response to glucose. Clonidine 51-60 insulin Homo sapiens 127-134 2813439-6 1989 Plasma PRL levels were increased by intravenous injection of alpha 2-agonists, clonidine (15 micrograms/100 g of body wt), and xylazine (200 micrograms/100 g of body wt). Clonidine 79-88 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 7-10 2510497-2 1989 Peak growth hormone levels (greater than or equal to 10 ng/mL) following oral clonidine administration were normal in individuals with normal height, constitutional growth delay, and neurosecretory dysfunction, as was the basal somatomedin C concentration; subjects with growth hormone deficiency had low peak growth hormone levels (less than 10 ng/mL) following oral clonidine administration as well as low basal somatomedin C values. Clonidine 78-87 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 5-19 2813439-7 1989 Plasma PRL increase induced by clonidine or xylazine was suppressed by intravenous injection of naloxone (125 micrograms/100 g of body wt), an opiate antagonist. Clonidine 31-40 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 7-10 2574070-4 1989 However, there was a significantly stronger depression of glutamate-evoked activity of CA1 pyramidal neurons by noradrenaline in the clonidine-treated rats. Clonidine 133-142 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 87-90 2641853-4 1989 The tracing by 113mIn labelled transferrin demonstrated that clonidine decreased the capillary permeability in burned tissues 1 h after burn. Clonidine 61-70 transferrin Rattus norvegicus 31-42 2551461-4 1989 In order to further investigate the potential mechanism of this NPY effect, the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine was administered to normal rats. Clonidine 107-116 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 64-67 2508389-8 1989 Stimulation tests with clonidine and with GHRH revealed suppression of endogenous GH secretion during the IGF-I infusion. Clonidine 23-32 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 106-111 2698383-0 1989 Oral clonidine: an effective growth hormone provocative test. Clonidine 5-14 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-43 2698383-4 1989 A significant rise (peak level greater than 7 ng/ml) of serum GH was found in 70, 80 and 85% of children after exercise, insulin and oral clonidine tests, respectively. Clonidine 138-147 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 62-64 2551880-0 1989 Effects of clonidine and dihydralazine on atrial natriuretic factor and cGMP in humans. Clonidine 11-20 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 42-67 2552488-8 1989 In MM patients beta-EP and GH plasma levels were stimulated by clonidine only in the early luteal phase, whereas they remained unchanged when they were stimulated in the premenstrual period. Clonidine 63-72 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-22 2551880-2 1989 Basal ANF was decreased to 65% in the clonidine group compared with both the control and dihydralazine groups. Clonidine 38-47 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 6-9 2551880-6 1989 It is concluded that ANF may contribute to hemodynamic effects of clonidine but not to those of dihydralazine. Clonidine 66-75 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 21-24 2527906-1 1989 Fischer 344 rats at various ages throughout the life span have been treated with growth hormone, clonidine, and insulin-like growth factor-I to restore circulating somatomedin levels in old animals to levels found in younger rats. Clonidine 97-106 insulin-like growth factor 1 Rattus norvegicus 164-175 2587519-0 1989 [The use of klofelin for studying somatotropin secretion in children]. Clonidine 12-20 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 34-46 2573052-3 1989 Clonidine- and guanfacine-induced hypothermia was antagonised by idazoxan, potentiated by prior treatment with DSP4 and attenuated by chronic administration with DMI. Clonidine 0-9 dual specificity phosphatase 26 Homo sapiens 111-115 2587519-9 1989 Thus clonidine is a sensitive, easy to use and safe stimulator of STH secretion. Clonidine 5-14 saitohin Homo sapiens 66-69 2505465-0 1989 Prolonged fasting or clonidine can restore the defective growth hormone secretion in old dogs. Clonidine 21-30 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 57-71 2572433-7 1989 The inhibitory effect of CHA on the Phase I contractile response in the vas deferens could be antagonized by the selective A1-receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyltheophylline, while the selective alpha 2-receptor antagonist idazoxan preferentially antagonized the inhibitory effect of clonidine on the Phase I response. Clonidine 282-291 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 72-75 2568210-5 1989 The peak elevation in plasma growth hormone that was produced by clonidine on the day the placebo was given was inhibited an average of 87% by the 2 mg dose of MK-912 (p less than 0.01). Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-43 2573052-2 1989 The analgesic actions of clonidine and guanfacine were antagonised by idazoxan, an alpha-2 receptor antagonist, but potentiated by pretreatment with the noradrenaline neurotoxin DSP4, and attenuated by chronic treatment with desipramine (DMI). Clonidine 25-34 dual specificity phosphatase 26 Homo sapiens 178-182 2798598-0 1989 Growth hormone response to clonidine in untreated depressed patients. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 2798598-4 1989 Differences in the GH response to clonidine only occurred between male patients and controls. Clonidine 34-43 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 19-21 2568210-7 1989 However, a mean 59% inhibition of the clonidine-induced peak elevation of plasma growth hormone was observed (p less than 0.05). Clonidine 38-47 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 81-95 2769794-1 1989 In the present work [3H]-WB4101, [3H]-DHA, and [3H]-clonidine were used for the study of the localization of alpha 1, alpha 2, and beta adrenergic receptors in the chick brain. Clonidine 52-61 asparagine-linked glycosylation 12, alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase homolog (S. cerevisiae) Gallus gallus 109-125 2570851-2 1989 In guinea-pig isolated atria, both histamine and clonidine caused concentration-dependent positive chronotropic effects which were blocked by the histamine H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine (5 microM); in contrast, rilmenidine produced a concentration-dependent negative chronotropic effect which was not altered by cimetidine. Clonidine 49-58 histamine H2 receptor Cavia porcellus 146-167 2568481-4 1989 In contrast, clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, inhibited the nocturnal rise in pineal NAT activity and melatonin content although being without effect on these parameters in retina. Clonidine 13-22 arylamine N-acetyltransferase, liver isozyme Gallus gallus 103-106 2470585-5 1989 We assumed that epinephrine acted through the stimulation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors, since 1) epinephrine suppressed VIP-induced accumulation of cAMP in the cells; and 2) the alpha 2-agonist clonidine (10(-6) M) reproduced epinephrine effects, whereas they were abolished by the alpha 2-antagonist yohimbine (10(-6) M). Clonidine 197-206 vasoactive intestinal peptide Rattus norvegicus 123-126 2568481-7 1989 The inhibitory effect of clonidine on pineal NAT activity was blocked by yohimbine, an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist. Clonidine 25-34 arylamine N-acetyltransferase, liver isozyme Gallus gallus 45-48 2742943-6 1989 The present results confirm prior observations of a blunted growth hormone response after clonidine and suggest that alterations in alpha 2-adrenergic receptor activity might also contribute to several neuroendocrine abnormalities in patients with melancholic depression. Clonidine 90-99 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-74 2525782-0 1989 Clonidine and morphine increase atrial natriuretic peptide secretion in anesthetized rats. Clonidine 0-9 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 32-58 2525782-2 1989 The central administration of a low dose of clonidine (10 ng/min) caused a significant increase in plasma ANP without changing arterial blood pressure or central venous pressure. Clonidine 44-53 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 106-109 2525782-6 1989 Moreover, the effect of clonidine on plasma ANP was partially blocked by pretreatment with naloxone (5 micrograms/min). Clonidine 24-33 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 44-47 2597894-0 1989 Tricyclic wash-out and growth hormone response to clonidine. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 23-37 2597894-1 1989 We have observed a significantly higher growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine administration (150 micrograms i.v.) Clonidine 72-81 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 40-54 2597894-1 1989 We have observed a significantly higher growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine administration (150 micrograms i.v.) Clonidine 72-81 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 56-58 2597894-5 1989 The results suggest that studies on the GH response to clonidine in psychiatric patients need to take into account the confounding and long-lasting effects of tricyclics. Clonidine 55-64 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 40-42 2514051-11 1989 The GHRH bolus after clonidine led to a significantly lower GH-increase (max 31.6 +/- 17.0 mU/l) compared to the GHRH-induced GH-increase (max 47.2 +/- 13.0 mU/l) before clonidine. Clonidine 170-179 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 4-8 2754022-0 1989 Relationship of plasma clonidine to growth hormone concentrations in children and adolescents. Clonidine 23-32 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 36-50 2754022-1 1989 The relationships of plasma clonidine to increases in growth hormone, blood pressure response and degree of sedation were studied in nine children with short stature after a 0.15 mg/m2 oral clonidine tolerance test. Clonidine 28-37 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 54-68 2754022-2 1989 A direct correlation was found between the peak plasma clonidine concentration and the increase in plasma growth hormone (P = 0.055). Clonidine 55-64 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 106-120 2514051-1 1989 UNLABELLED: To investigate the mechanism by which clonidine stimulates GH-secretion in vivo and in vitro, we studied its interaction with GHRH. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 138-142 2514051-11 1989 The GHRH bolus after clonidine led to a significantly lower GH-increase (max 31.6 +/- 17.0 mU/l) compared to the GHRH-induced GH-increase (max 47.2 +/- 13.0 mU/l) before clonidine. Clonidine 21-30 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 4-8 2548222-0 1989 The effect of clonidine on auditory P300. Clonidine 14-23 E1A binding protein p300 Homo sapiens 36-40 2548222-3 1989 Clonidine resulted in a decrease in P300 amplitude, which was most marked in the occipital and left parieto-temporal regions. Clonidine 0-9 E1A binding protein p300 Homo sapiens 36-40 2548222-6 1989 These data suggest the possible use of clonidine-induced changes in P300 amplitude as an index of central noradrenergic responsiveness. Clonidine 39-48 E1A binding protein p300 Homo sapiens 68-72 2514051-13 1989 These findings are compatible with clonidine leading to stimulation of GH by inducing endogenous GHRH release. Clonidine 35-44 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 97-101 2540318-4 1989 On application of norepinephrine, phenylephrine (alpha-1 adrenergic agonist) or clonidine (alpha-2 adrenergic agonist) the arteries contracted in a dose-dependent manner and, in terms of the mean EC50 values, the order of potencies was clonidine greater than norepinephrine greater than phenylephrine. Clonidine 236-245 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 49-56 2744085-5 1989 Phentolamine, yohimbine and idazoxan enhanced while clonidine and UK 14304 decreased the output of [3H]NA or NA and NPY-LI. Clonidine 52-61 neuropeptide Y Sus scrofa 116-119 2649299-0 1989 Effect of transdermal clonidine on the endocrine responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in essential hypertension. Clonidine 22-31 insulin Homo sapiens 62-69 2649299-3 1989 Clonidine significantly lowered blood pressure, basal plasma norepinephrine levels, and epinephrine and renin activity but did not affect basal growth hormone concentrations. Clonidine 0-9 renin Homo sapiens 104-109 2538078-4 1989 Either alpha 2-adrenergic receptor blockade (yohimbine) or occupancy (clonidine) prevent NPY inhibition of AVP-stimulated Lp. Clonidine 70-79 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 89-92 2492166-5 1989 These findings with GH-RF extend findings from earlier reports that patients with panic disorder show blunted GH response to phobic stimulation and clonidine. Clonidine 148-157 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 20-25 2469097-3 1989 Pretreatment growth hormone (GH) response to the clonidine challenge test (CCT) correlated significantly with clonidine treatment improvement in psychosis, anxiety, and negative symptom ratings. Clonidine 49-58 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-27 2469097-3 1989 Pretreatment growth hormone (GH) response to the clonidine challenge test (CCT) correlated significantly with clonidine treatment improvement in psychosis, anxiety, and negative symptom ratings. Clonidine 110-119 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-27 2536561-9 1989 As clonidine reportedly acts via release of endogenous GHRH, an excessive, rather than a normal, GH response to clonidine was to be anticipated. Clonidine 3-12 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 55-59 2536561-9 1989 As clonidine reportedly acts via release of endogenous GHRH, an excessive, rather than a normal, GH response to clonidine was to be anticipated. Clonidine 112-121 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 55-59 2918053-0 1989 Augmentation of growth hormone secretion in children with constitutional growth delay by short term clonidine administration: a pulse amplitude-modulated phenomenon. Clonidine 100-109 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-30 2567140-0 1989 [Determination of growth hormone: comparison between a physiologic stimulus (exercise) and pharmacologic stimuli (clonidine/guanfacine)]. Clonidine 114-123 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-32 2710869-0 1989 Clonidine-induced growth hormone secretion in elderly patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type and major depressive disorder. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-32 2710869-1 1989 This study was undertaken to assess the value of growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine as a tool in the differential diagnosis between depression and dementia. Clonidine 81-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-63 2710869-1 1989 This study was undertaken to assess the value of growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine as a tool in the differential diagnosis between depression and dementia. Clonidine 81-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 65-67 2775415-7 1989 Acute treatment with clonidine decreased the citrate synthase, NADH-cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome oxidase activities only in the same type of mitochondria, i.e. synaptic "heavy" mitochondria. Clonidine 21-30 citrate synthase Rattus norvegicus 45-61 2688700-3 1989 Therefore, prior to the commitment of major resources in efficacy studies, feasibility pilot studies are necessary to ensure that physostigmine and clonidine, combined, can be safely administered to DAT patients. Clonidine 148-157 solute carrier family 6 member 3 Homo sapiens 199-202 2492166-5 1989 These findings with GH-RF extend findings from earlier reports that patients with panic disorder show blunted GH response to phobic stimulation and clonidine. Clonidine 148-157 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 20-22 2495755-7 1989 The stimulatory effect of clonidine upon GH secretion was reduced in dogs with benign or malignant disease as compared to controls matched for the effect of progestin exposure. Clonidine 26-35 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 41-43 2495756-6 1989 The PRL response to clonidine was very variable and did not differ between the 3 groups of dogs. Clonidine 20-29 prolactin Canis lupus familiaris 4-7 2533520-9 1989 These results suggest that in obese subjects the impairment of GH release after clonidine is not mediated via receptors sensitivity to naloxone. Clonidine 80-89 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 63-65 2569317-8 1989 The alpha-2 agonist clonidine would interrupt this loop by decreasing of NE release. Clonidine 20-29 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A7C Rattus norvegicus 4-11 2663251-6 1989 SS patients on the HSD presented a higher decrease in systolic BP than SR patients (p less than 0.05) during the clonidine test. Clonidine 113-122 carbohydrate sulfotransferase 3 Homo sapiens 19-22 2612023-0 1989 Impairment of modulating role of testosterone in growth hormone response to clonidine in essential hypertension. Clonidine 76-85 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-63 2492934-0 1989 Growth hormone response to diazepam, clonidine and glucagon in patients with epilepsy. Clonidine 37-46 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 2565196-2 1989 Epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol, dopamine, and the specific alpha 2-adrenergic agonists clonidine and p-aminoclonidine exhibit dose-dependent inhibition of VIP-stimulated cyclic AMP production. Clonidine 99-108 VIP peptides Oryctolagus cuniculus 167-170 2565196-4 1989 Inhibition of VIP-stimulated cyclic AMP production by clonidine, epinephrine, isoproterenol, and dopamine is blocked by yohimbine but not by prazosin. Clonidine 54-63 VIP peptides Oryctolagus cuniculus 14-17 2537374-9 1989 (4) When clonidine, either given centrally in vivo (3.75 nmol) or in vitro (10 nM) the binding of 125I-NPY was reduced (34 and 24%, respectively) in the NTS. Clonidine 9-18 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 103-106 2473283-3 1989 A threshold concentration of ET-1 (100 pM) enhanced the contractile responses of aortic rings to Bay K 8644 and clonidine, especially in the absence of endothelium. Clonidine 112-121 endothelin 1 Rattus norvegicus 29-33 2557047-2 1989 The atropine + clonidine-induced locomotor stimulation was counteracted by both the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist idazoxan and the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine. Clonidine 15-24 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 133-153 2732724-3 1989 Furthermore, only a high concentration of NPY (100 nM) had the ability to enhance the inhibitory effects of clonidine on 3H-NA release in synaptosomes isolated from the medulla oblongata of the SH male rat, while 1 nM of NPY was effective in synaptosomes isolated from the medulla oblongata of the normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rat. Clonidine 108-117 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 42-45 2732653-0 1989 Growth hormone release in normal children after oral clonidine 4 micrograms/kg. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 2725439-0 1989 Protection afforded by clonidine from the acute and chronic behavioral toxicity produced by the cholinesterase inhibitor soman. Clonidine 23-32 butyrylcholinesterase Rattus norvegicus 96-110 2607885-4 1989 The association of neuropeptide Y (0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv) with clonidine (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/Kg ip) induced a synergistic effect, but it only was significant when neuropeptide Y 0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.1 mg/Kg ip and when neuropeptide Y 0.05 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.05 mg/Kg ip. Clonidine 64-73 neuropeptide Y Mus musculus 19-33 2607885-4 1989 The association of neuropeptide Y (0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv) with clonidine (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/Kg ip) induced a synergistic effect, but it only was significant when neuropeptide Y 0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.1 mg/Kg ip and when neuropeptide Y 0.05 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.05 mg/Kg ip. Clonidine 64-73 neuropeptide Y Mus musculus 176-190 2607885-4 1989 The association of neuropeptide Y (0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv) with clonidine (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/Kg ip) induced a synergistic effect, but it only was significant when neuropeptide Y 0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.1 mg/Kg ip and when neuropeptide Y 0.05 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.05 mg/Kg ip. Clonidine 64-73 neuropeptide Y Mus musculus 176-190 2607885-4 1989 The association of neuropeptide Y (0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv) with clonidine (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/Kg ip) induced a synergistic effect, but it only was significant when neuropeptide Y 0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.1 mg/Kg ip and when neuropeptide Y 0.05 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.05 mg/Kg ip. Clonidine 234-243 neuropeptide Y Mus musculus 19-33 2607885-4 1989 The association of neuropeptide Y (0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv) with clonidine (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/Kg ip) induced a synergistic effect, but it only was significant when neuropeptide Y 0.05 and 0.24 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.1 mg/Kg ip and when neuropeptide Y 0.05 nmol icv was associated with clonidine 0.05 mg/Kg ip. Clonidine 234-243 neuropeptide Y Mus musculus 19-33 2754431-0 1989 Neuropeptide Y increases the inhibitory effects of clonidine on potassium evoked 3H-noradrenaline but not 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine release from synaptosomes of the hypothalamus and the frontoparietal cortex of the male Sprague-Dawley rat. Clonidine 51-60 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 2754431-2 1989 Based on concentration-response curves obtained by analyzing the full-time course of the inhibitory effects of clonidine on 3H-NA and on 3H-5-HT release neuropeptide Y (NPY) (1 nM) was shown to significantly increase the ability of clonidine to inhibit 3H-NA release in synaptosomes isolated from the hypothalamus and from the frontoparietal cortex. Clonidine 111-120 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 153-167 2754431-2 1989 Based on concentration-response curves obtained by analyzing the full-time course of the inhibitory effects of clonidine on 3H-NA and on 3H-5-HT release neuropeptide Y (NPY) (1 nM) was shown to significantly increase the ability of clonidine to inhibit 3H-NA release in synaptosomes isolated from the hypothalamus and from the frontoparietal cortex. Clonidine 111-120 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 169-172 2754431-2 1989 Based on concentration-response curves obtained by analyzing the full-time course of the inhibitory effects of clonidine on 3H-NA and on 3H-5-HT release neuropeptide Y (NPY) (1 nM) was shown to significantly increase the ability of clonidine to inhibit 3H-NA release in synaptosomes isolated from the hypothalamus and from the frontoparietal cortex. Clonidine 232-241 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 153-167 2754431-2 1989 Based on concentration-response curves obtained by analyzing the full-time course of the inhibitory effects of clonidine on 3H-NA and on 3H-5-HT release neuropeptide Y (NPY) (1 nM) was shown to significantly increase the ability of clonidine to inhibit 3H-NA release in synaptosomes isolated from the hypothalamus and from the frontoparietal cortex. Clonidine 232-241 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 169-172 2725439-2 1989 The effect of clonidine is so marked, that pretreatment reduces both the accumulation of brain acetylcholine, and the toxicity caused by cholinesterase inhibitors such as soman. Clonidine 14-23 butyrylcholinesterase Rattus norvegicus 137-151 3241222-4 1988 Treatment with clonidine for 14 days normalized low beta-endorphin, high plasma noradrenaline and high blood pressure in essential hypertensives at rest, but had no effect in controls. Clonidine 15-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 52-66 2554358-3 1989 Baseline beta-EP plasma levels and beta-EP response to clonidine were significantly lower in MTH subjects than in controls, suggesting a postsynaptic hypothalamo-pituitary impairment. Clonidine 55-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 35-42 2554358-5 1989 An inverse correlation was found between pain severity and beta-EP secretion induced by clonidine (delta max), and no relationship was found between beta-EP and mood. Clonidine 88-97 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-66 2543999-0 1989 Effect of naloxone on the growth hormone response to clonidine in normal women during the mid-luteal phase. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-40 2554358-2 1989 In order to elucidate the relationship between noradrenergic and opioidergic functions, the plasma beta-endorphin (beta-EP) response to clonidine and the cortisol response to dexamethasone were evaluated together in 25 patients suffering from migraine without aura, and with chronic tension headache (MTH). Clonidine 136-145 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 99-113 2554358-2 1989 In order to elucidate the relationship between noradrenergic and opioidergic functions, the plasma beta-endorphin (beta-EP) response to clonidine and the cortisol response to dexamethasone were evaluated together in 25 patients suffering from migraine without aura, and with chronic tension headache (MTH). Clonidine 136-145 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 115-122 3243343-0 1988 Impaired growth hormone response to clonidine in obesity. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 9-23 3241222-5 1988 After bicycle exercise clonidine induced a threefold greater increase in beta-endorphin in controls than in essential hypertensives. Clonidine 23-32 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 73-87 3188010-7 1988 These results are consistent with the ability of clonidine to offer protection against centrally acting acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as a result of marked inhibition of cholinergic function in certain brain regions. Clonidine 49-58 acetylcholinesterase Rattus norvegicus 104-124 3208338-0 1988 [Personal experience with the clonidine test for acute growth hormone stimulation]. Clonidine 30-39 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 55-69 3138280-0 1988 Variable plasma growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone and GH responses to clonidine, L-dopa, and insulin in normal men. Clonidine 74-83 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 32-34 3138280-0 1988 Variable plasma growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone and GH responses to clonidine, L-dopa, and insulin in normal men. Clonidine 74-83 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 58-60 3138280-5 1988 Clonidine resulted in a significant increase in mean plasma GH levels (P less than 0.05) in the younger men, but not in the older men. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-62 2843379-3 1988 Intra-arterial phenylephrine (0.2-1.3 micrograms min-1) and clonidine (0.12-0.48 micrograms min-1) produced dose-related decreases in finger blood flow and increases in vascular resistance. Clonidine 60-69 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 92-97 2841088-0 1988 Is clonidine-induced diuresis mediated by atrial natriuretic factor? Clonidine 3-12 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 42-67 2841088-5 1988 Plasma IR-ANF rose from 30.7 +/- 8.8 to 113.3 +/- 32.3 pg/ml plasma 5 min after the 0.5 micrograms clonidine dose (P less than 0.05), and urinary cGMP excretion was augmented from 8.49 +/- 4.29 to 27.7 +/- 5.0 pmol/min 1 h after 0.5 micrograms clonidine (P less than 0.05). Clonidine 99-108 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 10-13 2841088-6 1988 Pretreatment with peripherally administered anti-ANF serum abolished the diuretic effect of intracerebroventricularly administered clonidine; urine output decreased from 1.49 +/- 0.41 to 0.42 +/- 0.21 ml/h. Clonidine 131-140 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 49-52 2841088-10 1988 These data suggest that ANF may be involved in the mechanism of diuresis of centrally applied clonidine, which appears to enhance ANF release through its central stimulation of opiate and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. Clonidine 94-103 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 24-27 2841088-10 1988 These data suggest that ANF may be involved in the mechanism of diuresis of centrally applied clonidine, which appears to enhance ANF release through its central stimulation of opiate and alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. Clonidine 94-103 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 130-133 3176058-0 1988 Role of central biogenic amines on the protection afforded by clonidine against the toxicity of soman, an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor. Clonidine 62-71 butyrylcholinesterase Mus musculus 119-133 3176058-1 1988 Studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that alpha 2-adrenergic agonists such as clonidine offer protection against the toxicity caused by cholinesterase inhibitors such as soman. Clonidine 85-94 butyrylcholinesterase Mus musculus 143-157 3134891-7 1988 The binding of phenoxybenzamine to calmodulin was fairly selective in that other alpha-adrenergic agents such as prazosin, yohimbine and clonidine failed to bind to calmodulin when examined under the same experimental conditions. Clonidine 137-146 calmodulin 1 Homo sapiens 35-45 3224252-0 1988 Blunted response of growth hormone to clonidine and apomorphine in endogenous depression. Clonidine 38-47 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 20-34 3224252-1 1988 We measured the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist) and to apomorphine (a dopaminergic agonist) in 15 major endogenous and 15 minor depressive in-patients matched for gender and age. Clonidine 48-57 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-30 3139739-0 1988 Decreased growth hormone (GH) response to oral clonidine in endemic cretinism: effect of L-T3 therapy. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-24 2898524-4 1988 Clonidine was found to abolish dose-dependently MK 422-potentiated ovalbumin-evoked inflammatory dermal responses and it possesses additive hypotensive effects when combined with the ACE inhibitor. Clonidine 0-9 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 183-186 3141943-0 1988 Growth hormone (GH) responses to GH-releasing hormone in depression: correlation with GH release following clonidine. Clonidine 107-116 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 3141943-0 1988 Growth hormone (GH) responses to GH-releasing hormone in depression: correlation with GH release following clonidine. Clonidine 107-116 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-18 2846316-1 1988 The specific binding of [3H]clonidine to alpha 2-adrenoceptors on neural membranes isolated from various brain areas was determined with rats treated for 7-14 days with the cholinesterase inhibitors neostigmine, triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP), diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and paraoxon, or with vehicle. Clonidine 24-37 butyrylcholinesterase Rattus norvegicus 173-187 2897907-1 1988 This article summarizes the existing neuroendocrine literature and reports the growth hormone response to stimulation with L-dopa and clonidine in male children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clonidine 134-143 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 79-93 2899516-2 1988 Like yohimbine, LON-954 antagonised the clonidine-induced inhibition of twitch responses in the Auerbach"s plexus of guinea pig ileum and rat vas deferens preparations. Clonidine 40-49 lon peptidase 1, mitochondrial Rattus norvegicus 16-19 2899516-5 1988 The dissimilarity in action of LON-954 and yohimbine on clonidine-induced hypothermia could be due to the fact that the anticlonidine effect of yohimbine on hypothermia is mediated through its antiserotonin action. Clonidine 56-65 lon peptidase 1, mitochondrial Rattus norvegicus 31-34 2449342-6 1988 Passive immunization with an anti-GHRF serum decreased basal GH levels and prevented the GH-releasing effect of either GAL or CLO, whereas in pups pretreated with an antisomatostatin serum, CLO, but not GAL, increased the already elevated plasma GH titers. Clonidine 126-129 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 34-38 3138675-0 1988 Prevention of clonidine-stimulated hyperglycemia by thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Clonidine 14-23 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 52-81 3138675-1 1988 Central injection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) prevented the rise in plasma glucose due to clonidine challenge in mice. Clonidine 101-110 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 21-50 3138675-1 1988 Central injection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) prevented the rise in plasma glucose due to clonidine challenge in mice. Clonidine 101-110 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 52-55 3138675-3 1988 TRH was effective in preventing the rise in plasma glucose when given at different times before clonidine (up to two hours), and it also reversed the hyperglycemia when administered 30 min after clonidine, when plasma glucose was already exceedingly high. Clonidine 96-105 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 0-3 3138675-3 1988 TRH was effective in preventing the rise in plasma glucose when given at different times before clonidine (up to two hours), and it also reversed the hyperglycemia when administered 30 min after clonidine, when plasma glucose was already exceedingly high. Clonidine 195-204 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 0-3 3138675-4 1988 The results suggest that TRH is able to physiologically oppose clonidine-induced hyperglycemia by acting in a specific and durable manner upon central mechanisms which modulate insulin secretion. Clonidine 63-72 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 25-28 2856056-0 1988 Inhibition of serotonin-induced ACTH release in man by clonidine. Clonidine 55-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 32-36 2856056-6 1988 The present study investigated the effect of clonidine on fenfluramine-induced ACTH release in six normal volunteers. Clonidine 45-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 79-83 2856056-10 1988 The mean plasma ACTH and cortisol levels and the mean maximal changes in these levels were significantly lower during the clonidine + fenfluramine test than during fenfluramine alone. Clonidine 122-131 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-20 2856056-13 1988 In conclusion, clonidine blocked the ACTH-releasing activity of fenfluramine in normal humans. Clonidine 15-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 2856056-14 1988 This inhibition of active ACTH release may result from clonidine blockade of fenfluramine-induced activation of central NNA. Clonidine 55-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 2856056-15 1988 Clonidine alone was no more effective than placebo in lowering plasma ACTH and cortisol. Clonidine 0-9 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 70-74 3363023-0 1988 Growth hormone response to clonidine in panic disorder patients. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 3380074-1 1988 This article summarizes the existing neuroendocrine literature and reports the growth hormone response to stimulation with L-dopa and clonidine in male children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clonidine 134-143 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 79-93 3362926-1 1988 Atropine, a postsynaptic muscarinic antagonist, and clonidine, a presynaptic inhibitor of acetylcholine release, protect mice from the lethal effects of soman, a potent and irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor. Clonidine 52-61 butyrylcholinesterase Mus musculus 186-200 3363023-1 1988 The growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine administration (2 micrograms/kg) was compared in three groups of subjects: seven panic disorder patients, seven depressed patients matched for age and sex, and seven normal controls. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 2969736-2 1988 Clonidine-treated patients with essential hypertension demonstrated reliable positive correlations between echocardiographically determined signs of myocardial hypertrophy (thickness of left ventricular posterior wall and interventricular septum, left ventricular myocardial mass) and hormone-dependent increase in thrombocyte calcium concentration induced by ADP and TAF. Clonidine 0-9 TATA-box binding protein associated factor 8 Homo sapiens 368-371 3167367-0 1988 Growth hormone response to clonidine after recovery in patients with endogenous depression. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 3167367-1 1988 The growth hormone response to clonidine was measured in ten drug-free recovered patients, seven of whom had previously been tested when endogenously depressed, and compared with the response in ten individually matched controls. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 2856637-2 1988 This blunted growth hormone response to clonidine has led to the speculation that there is a central alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subsensitivity in depression. Clonidine 40-49 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-27 3232527-16 1988 This release appears to be attenuated by activation of alpha-adrenoceptors since phentolamine and clonidine, respectively, enhanced and suppressed the exercise-induced increase in the plasma levels of both NPY-LI and NA. Clonidine 98-107 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 206-209 3232527-17 1988 The plasma levels of NPY-LI were increased during control conditions, and altered by clonidine and phentolamine, mainly at high work loads, which may indicate preferential release of the peptide at high levels of sympathetic activity. Clonidine 85-94 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 21-24 2847928-1 1988 The role of alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation by clonidine on the secretion of beta-endorphin, ACTH, and cortisol in essential hypertension and obesity was studied in 45 subjects: 15 non-obese hypertensives, 10 obese hypertensives, 11 obese normotensives, and 9 healthy subjects. Clonidine 48-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 78-92 2847928-3 1988 Clonidine lowered the blood pressure and blood ACTH and cortisol levels in all the subjects. Clonidine 0-9 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 2847928-4 1988 A significant decrease in beta-endorphin after clonidine occurred in the healthy subjects. Clonidine 47-56 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-40 2847928-6 1988 In about 50% of non-obese and obese hypertensives a significant increase in beta-endorphin secretion after clonidine was noted (responders). Clonidine 107-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 76-90 3202004-1 1988 The pharmacological properties of [3H]-WB4101, [3H]-clonidine and [3H]-dihydroalprenolol binding in chick brain membranes display the characteristics known for alpha 1-, alpha 2- and beta-adrenergic binding sites, respectively. Clonidine 52-61 asparagine-linked glycosylation 12, alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase homolog (S. cerevisiae) Gallus gallus 160-177 2826526-5 1988 Insulin induced a clear-cut increase in plasma GH (F = 79.88; P less than 0.001) that was not affected by placebo, whereas it was significantly inhibited by oral clonidine (P less than 0.001 at 60, 90, and 120 min). Clonidine 162-171 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 2826526-6 1988 Similarly, oral clonidine administration resulted in a clear-cut rise in plasma GH levels (F = 16.44; P less than 0.001) that was significantly reduced by insulin (P less than 0.001, P less than 0.02, and P less than 0.05 at 60, 90, and 120 min, respectively). Clonidine 16-25 insulin Homo sapiens 155-162 3126262-0 1988 Effects of sex steroids on growth hormone responses to clonidine and GHRH in reserpine pretreated rats. Clonidine 55-64 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 27-41 3126262-3 1988 Administration of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine caused secretion of GH in reserpine pretreated, sham-operated rats. Clonidine 51-60 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 81-83 3126262-4 1988 In GX male rats GH responses to clonidine were blunted, while in GX males treated with testosterone or estradiol, but not in those treated with DHT, the responses were restored. Clonidine 32-41 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 16-18 2856643-9 1988 In conclusion, clonidine stimulates ANF release both in normally-hydrated and water-deprived rats. Clonidine 15-24 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 36-39 2856643-10 1988 The diuretic effect of clonidine appears to be related to ANF release but not to inhibition of vasopressin. Clonidine 23-32 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 58-61 2896345-3 1988 Moreover, TRH blocked the rise in plasma glucose following central injection of corticotropin-releasing factor, enkephalin, clonidine and glucagon, as well as the hyperglycemic response to immobilization, electric foot shock or endotoxin administration. Clonidine 124-133 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 10-13 2904673-0 1988 [Hemodynamic correlates of selective beta 1 adrenergic receptor blockade by cordanum during hemiton monotherapy in children with primary arterial hypertension]. Clonidine 92-99 adrenoceptor beta 1 Homo sapiens 37-63 3286064-8 1988 However, in response to clonidine an increase in GH secretion in all hypertensive and normotensive cases with normal body weight was demonstrated, whereas in all obese hypertensive and normotensive patients no significant GH rise was found. Clonidine 24-33 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-51 3286064-10 1988 A strong (r = 0.76) and significant (p less than 0.0005) correlation demonstrated between the maximal GH concentration during the nocturnal sleep and after clonidine suggests that the mechanism of GH inhibition in response to both these stimuli is similar and it probably is related to the inhibition of neurohormonal secretion of the growth hormone releasing factor (GRF). Clonidine 156-165 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 102-104 3286064-10 1988 A strong (r = 0.76) and significant (p less than 0.0005) correlation demonstrated between the maximal GH concentration during the nocturnal sleep and after clonidine suggests that the mechanism of GH inhibition in response to both these stimuli is similar and it probably is related to the inhibition of neurohormonal secretion of the growth hormone releasing factor (GRF). Clonidine 156-165 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 197-199 3286064-11 1988 However, the negative correlation between the fasting insulin concentration and GH response to clonidine shown in obese subjects only, points to a more complex mechanism of GH inhibition in obesity. Clonidine 95-104 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 80-82 3286064-11 1988 However, the negative correlation between the fasting insulin concentration and GH response to clonidine shown in obese subjects only, points to a more complex mechanism of GH inhibition in obesity. Clonidine 95-104 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 173-175 2468060-5 1988 Plasma NA at rest decreased and NA, A, and NPY-LI were 40-60% lower during the exercise after clonidine compared to the control. Clonidine 94-103 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 43-46 2838710-3 1988 The content of NPY-ir in the iris was increased by decentralization (+40%) 3 days post-surgery, and treatment with clonidine (+43%), and pempidine (+82%). Clonidine 115-124 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 15-18 2856637-1 1988 A blunted growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and other pharmacologic stimuli has been reported in patients with depression. Clonidine 42-51 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-24 2856637-1 1988 A blunted growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and other pharmacologic stimuli has been reported in patients with depression. Clonidine 42-51 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-28 2856643-0 1988 Clonidine stimulates atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) release in water-deprived rats. Clonidine 0-9 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 21-46 2856643-0 1988 Clonidine stimulates atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) release in water-deprived rats. Clonidine 0-9 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 48-51 2856643-2 1988 In normally-hydrated rats clonidine produced a marked elevation of plasma IR-ANF from 40.5 +/- 4.6 pg/ml to 1064 +/- 22 pg/ml (mean +/- SEM) and sodium excretion from 73.3 +/- 6.8 microEq to 723.4 +/- 62.3 microEq. Clonidine 26-35 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 77-80 2856643-3 1988 Clonidine evoked an increase in plasma IR-ANF from 16.6 +/- 5.9 pg/ml to 229.5 +/- 60 pg/ml (mean +/- SEM) after 24 hr water deprivation and from 13.6 +/- 7.4 pg/ml to 104.8 +/- 21 pg/ml (mean +/- SEM) after 48 hr water deprivation. Clonidine 0-9 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 42-45 3431654-0 1987 Clonidine decreases plasma and cerebrospinal fluid arginine vasopressin but not oxytocin in humans. Clonidine 0-9 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 60-71 3147469-1 1988 In the mouse forced-swimming model, dose-dependent reversal of immobility was induced by the alpha-agonist clonidine given IP 30 min before testing. Clonidine 107-116 interferon gamma inducible protein 30 Mus musculus 123-128 3060889-0 1988 Growth hormone, noradrenaline, blood pressure and cortisol responses to clonidine in healthy male volunteers: dose-response relations and reproducibility. Clonidine 72-81 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 3060889-1 1988 The growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (CLON) has been investigated to date mostly with CLON doses of 2.0 micrograms/kg or 150 micrograms intravenously (IV). Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 3060889-1 1988 The growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (CLON) has been investigated to date mostly with CLON doses of 2.0 micrograms/kg or 150 micrograms intravenously (IV). Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 20-22 3060889-5 1988 CLON (1.5 and 2.0 micrograms/kg) induced a significant dose-dependent GH increase, but only the 2.0 micrograms/kg dose differentiated GH responders from nonresponders. Clonidine 0-4 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 70-72 2889310-5 1987 However, a marked increase in beta-endorphin was observed in obese patients after clonidine administration. Clonidine 82-91 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 30-44 3691641-1 1987 The effects of treatment with reserpine and/or the selective alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonists clonidine and oxymetazoline on tissue levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity (-LI) and noradrenaline (NA) were studied in the guinea-pig. Clonidine 93-102 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 141-155 3691641-1 1987 The effects of treatment with reserpine and/or the selective alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonists clonidine and oxymetazoline on tissue levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity (-LI) and noradrenaline (NA) were studied in the guinea-pig. Clonidine 93-102 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 157-160 3691641-2 1987 Clonidine treatment was associated with an increase in the levels of NPY-LI in the right atrium in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Clonidine 0-9 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 69-72 3691641-3 1987 A significant (45%) elevation of the right atrial content of NPY-LI was present 2 h after administration of clonidine (50 micrograms kg-1 s.c.). Clonidine 108-117 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 61-64 3691641-4 1987 After 24 h of repeated clonidine treatment the atrial levels of NPY-LI had increased by 95%. Clonidine 23-32 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 64-67 3691641-5 1987 Following chronic clonidine treatment for two weeks, however, the right atrial NPY levels were similar to those in control animals. Clonidine 18-27 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 79-82 3691641-7 1987 The levels of NPY-LI were also increased in the gastrocnemius muscle, spleen and adrenal gland after clonidine treatment while no changes were detected in the vas deferens or hypothalamus. Clonidine 101-110 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 14-17 3691641-8 1987 The reserpine-induced reduction of NPY-LI in the right atrium, spleen, gastrocnemius muscle and adrenal gland was markedly inhibited by concomitant clonidine treatment while no effect was observed on NA depletion. Clonidine 148-157 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 35-38 3691641-9 1987 The adrenoreceptor antagonists phentolamine, prazosin and yohimbine all inhibited the increase in cardiac content of NPY-LI seen after clonidine treatment. Clonidine 135-144 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 117-120 3691641-11 1987 The reserpine-induced increase in content of NPY-LI in the stellate ganglion was also inhibited by clonidine and oxymetazoline. Clonidine 99-108 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 45-48 2829258-2 1987 We studied the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (an alpha-adrenergic agonist) and apomorphine (a dopaminergic agonist) in seven inpatients meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria for mania. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 15-29 2829258-2 1987 We studied the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (an alpha-adrenergic agonist) and apomorphine (a dopaminergic agonist) in seven inpatients meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria for mania. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 31-33 2829258-6 1987 The three groups differed significantly in the GH peak response: after clonidine (mean +/- SD), 3.2 +/- 2.4 ng/ml in manics, 3.2 +/- 2.4 ng/ml in major depressives, and 13.2 +/- 8.7 ng/ml in minor depressives; after apomorphine, 10.5 +/- 7.4, 3.2 +/- 1.9, and 26.9 +/- 15.8, respectively. Clonidine 71-80 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 47-49 2889789-5 1987 Injection of clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, led to a rise in plasma concentrations of CaBP, whereas phenylephrine, an alpha 1-adrenergic agonist, tended to exert an inhibitory effect. Clonidine 13-22 S100 calcium binding protein G Sus scrofa 97-101 3614769-0 1987 Clonidine prevents the short-term down regulation of muscarinic receptors in mouse brain induced by the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor soman. Clonidine 0-9 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 104-124 3309234-0 1987 Low-dose oral clonidine: effective growth hormone releasing agent in children but not in adolescents. Clonidine 14-23 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 35-49 3690393-9 1987 It is proposed that a naloxone-sensitive component of the cardiovascular effects of clonidine is due to release of a beta-endorphin-like opioid from the NTS, and that this mechanism is present in SHR and SD but not in WKY rats. Clonidine 84-93 amyloid beta precursor protein Rattus norvegicus 115-121 3611950-7 1987 After provocative stimulation with clonidine in the normals there was a progressive rise of growth hormone levels that was similar in the sedentary and physically conditioned animals. Clonidine 35-44 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 92-106 2445457-11 1987 Clonidine by itself decreased the excitability of motoneurons and antagonized the excitatory effect of 5-HTP and TRH. Clonidine 0-9 thyrotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 113-116 3614769-5 1987 Administration of clonidine (1 mg/kg, s.c.) 5 min prior to soman prevented the decrease in receptor number and decreased the extent of acetylcholinesterase inhibition caused by the soman. Clonidine 18-27 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 135-155 3614769-6 1987 It is possible that a reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by clonidine protects the enzyme from irreversible inactivation by soman, thereby decreasing the extent of chronic cholinergic overstimulation with its attendant down regulation of muscarinic receptors. Clonidine 71-80 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 47-67 3561168-4 1987 Morphine and clonidine acutely increased the retention of sulfobromophthalein (BSP) in plasma and liver. Clonidine 13-22 black spleen Mus musculus 79-82 2884230-0 1987 Effect of estrogen on the growth hormone response to the alpha-adrenergic agonist clonidine in women with menopausal flushing. Clonidine 82-91 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-40 3578588-0 1987 Growth hormone response to clonidine in depression. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 3035429-1 1987 Effects of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors and calcium channel blockade on basal and clonidine-stimulated immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor (IR-ANF) in conscious Sprague-Dawley rats were evaluated. Clonidine 82-91 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 118-143 3035429-1 1987 Effects of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors and calcium channel blockade on basal and clonidine-stimulated immunoreactive atrial natriuretic factor (IR-ANF) in conscious Sprague-Dawley rats were evaluated. Clonidine 82-91 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 148-151 3035429-7 1987 Clonidine injection in a dose of 50 micrograms caused a marked increase of plasma IR-ANF from 34.0 +/- 7.0 pg/ml (mean +/- S.E.M.) Clonidine 0-9 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 85-88 3035429-9 1987 Clonidine-stimulated ANF secretion was partially inhibited by yohimbine from 457.1 +/- 66.3 pg/ml (mean +/- S.E.M.) Clonidine 0-9 natriuretic peptide A Rattus norvegicus 21-24 2884590-2 1987 This was attenuated by injection of 0.1-10 mg/kg of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) or its biologically stable analogues, CG3509, CG3703 and RX77368, when these were given 10 min before clonidine. Clonidine 190-199 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 83-86 3582495-0 1987 Potentiation and inhibition by clonidine of PAF-acether-induced human platelet activation. Clonidine 31-40 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 44-47 2959419-2 1987 A significant positive correlation was found between changes in circulating noradrenaline (NA) levels and changes in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels during NA infusion and clonidine administration. Clonidine 180-189 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 117-143 2959419-2 1987 A significant positive correlation was found between changes in circulating noradrenaline (NA) levels and changes in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels during NA infusion and clonidine administration. Clonidine 180-189 natriuretic peptide A Homo sapiens 145-148 3582495-1 1987 PAF-acether (platelet-activating factor) and adrenaline synergized to induce aggregation of human platelets in whole blood and in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) irrespective of the use of citrate, of heparin or acid-citrate dextrose (ACD) as anticoagulants, whereas the partial adrenoceptor agonist clonidine imitated adrenaline in a limited number of cases and only when blood was collected in ACD. Clonidine 295-304 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 0-3 3032649-3 1987 IAP caused a significant (P less than 0.05) decrease in the KD value of [3H]clonidine binding and enhanced GTP (1 microM)-induced decrease in the binding to cortical membranes from rat brain. Clonidine 76-85 Cd47 molecule Rattus norvegicus 0-3 3582495-4 1987 Added before adrenaline or before adrenaline plus PAF-acether, clonidine reduced the aggregation to the level of that due to PAF-acether alone irrespective of cyclooxygenase inhibition with aspirin. Clonidine 63-72 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 50-53 3582495-4 1987 Added before adrenaline or before adrenaline plus PAF-acether, clonidine reduced the aggregation to the level of that due to PAF-acether alone irrespective of cyclooxygenase inhibition with aspirin. Clonidine 63-72 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 125-128 3582495-5 1987 The alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine blocked the synergistic effects of adrenaline or clonidine associated to PAF-acether, reducing aggregation to that due to PAF-acether alone. Clonidine 95-104 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 119-122 3582495-5 1987 The alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine blocked the synergistic effects of adrenaline or clonidine associated to PAF-acether, reducing aggregation to that due to PAF-acether alone. Clonidine 95-104 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 168-171 3582495-6 1987 Clonidine has dual effects on human platelets, since it can imitate adrenaline and synergize with PAF-acether in some subjects, and can also block aggregation induced by adrenaline alone or in combination with PAF-acether. Clonidine 0-9 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 98-101 3582495-6 1987 Clonidine has dual effects on human platelets, since it can imitate adrenaline and synergize with PAF-acether in some subjects, and can also block aggregation induced by adrenaline alone or in combination with PAF-acether. Clonidine 0-9 PCNA clamp associated factor Homo sapiens 210-213 3033703-2 1987 The secretion of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) under basal conditions, and in the presence of norepinephrine (NE; 60 microM), was significantly enhanced in median eminence fragments obtained 1 hr post-treatment with THC (50 mg/kg), while addition of THC (250 ng/ml) to the incubation media enhanced clonidine, as well as NE-stimulated LHRH release, but did not affect basal LHRH release. Clonidine 314-323 gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 Mus musculus 17-54 3033703-2 1987 The secretion of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) under basal conditions, and in the presence of norepinephrine (NE; 60 microM), was significantly enhanced in median eminence fragments obtained 1 hr post-treatment with THC (50 mg/kg), while addition of THC (250 ng/ml) to the incubation media enhanced clonidine, as well as NE-stimulated LHRH release, but did not affect basal LHRH release. Clonidine 314-323 gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 Mus musculus 56-60 2950711-8 1987 The GH responses to clonidine were significantly reduced at 9 and 16 weeks of oestradiol and MPA treatment. Clonidine 20-29 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 4-6 2950711-14 1987 The oestradiol-MPA induced GH overproduction is associated with a reduced responsiveness of GH to clonidine and is not accompanied by GH responsiveness to TRH. Clonidine 98-107 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 27-29 2950711-14 1987 The oestradiol-MPA induced GH overproduction is associated with a reduced responsiveness of GH to clonidine and is not accompanied by GH responsiveness to TRH. Clonidine 98-107 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 92-94 2950711-14 1987 The oestradiol-MPA induced GH overproduction is associated with a reduced responsiveness of GH to clonidine and is not accompanied by GH responsiveness to TRH. Clonidine 98-107 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 92-94 3032649-6 1987 Moreover, IAP seems to inactivate Ni, subsequently producing behavioral excitement and it inhibits clonidine-induced sedation. Clonidine 99-108 Cd47 molecule Rattus norvegicus 10-13 3030358-1 1987 The effects of alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic agonists, viz., phenylephrine and clonidine, respectively, were studied on rat liver plasma membrane Ca++-ATPase. Clonidine 81-90 ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 2 Rattus norvegicus 132-159 3274655-0 1987 Stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and inhibition of growth hormone release via increased central noradrenaline neuronal activity by urethane anaesthesia in the rat: blockade by clonidine. Clonidine 198-207 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 73-87 3034195-4 1987 In mouse brain membrane preparations CDM inhibited the binding of [3H]-clonidine to alpha 2- adrenoceptors and of [3H]-WB4101 to alpha 1-adrenoceptors with IC50 values of 18.2 and 87 microM, respectively. Clonidine 71-80 cadmium resistance Mus musculus 37-40 2882617-5 1987 Clonidine, a centrally active alpha2-noradrenergic agonist is the first choice of medical treatment in most cases. Clonidine 0-9 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 30-36 2455197-5 1987 This may explain reduced release of coexisting neuropeptides such as neuropeptide Y (NPY) in sympathetic nerves, which we have observed following clonidine treatment, since such neuropeptides are particularly effectively released in burst sequences. Clonidine 146-155 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 69-83 2455186-4 1987 A significant increase in GH and a significant decrease in ACTH and in cortisol was observed after clonidine injection in healthy women. Clonidine 99-108 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 2455156-4 1987 Furthermore, NPY immunoreactivity (IR) tended to decrease in the rostral part of the dorsomedial medulla 5 min after injection of clonidine (1 microgram) in the alpha-chloralose anaesthetized rat. Clonidine 130-139 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 13-16 2455156-6 1987 In vitro NPY (10 nM) reduced the affinity of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist binding sites in the nTS, and clonidine (10 nM) reduced the 125I-NPY binding in the dorsomedial medulla. Clonidine 106-115 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 141-144 2455198-7 1987 In renal artery stenosis for instance, cerebral actions of angiotensin II may later gain ascendance over its peripheral effects, especially as circulating levels fall, as has been demonstrated with the centrally acting sympatholytic agent, clonidine. Clonidine 240-249 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 59-73 2455168-4 1987 Before clonidine treatment increased values for IVS and PW thickness correlated with DAP (r = 0.54; p less than 0.05), and MAP (r = 0.50; p less than 0.05), a positive relation between IVS thickness and LVMI and UNE was found. Clonidine 7-16 death associated protein Homo sapiens 85-88 2455186-7 1987 In Cushing"s disease, ACTH significantly decreased in response to clonidine. Clonidine 66-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 22-26 2455186-9 1987 Conclusions are as follows: (1) Clonidine may be useful in the treatment of hypertensive menopausal women; and (2) a diminution in ACTH, beta-endorphin, and cortisol release in response to clonidine was observed in Cushing"s disease. Clonidine 189-198 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 3628271-0 1987 Angiotensin II induced amplification of the vasoconstrictor response to norepinephrine and clonidine. Clonidine 91-100 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 0-14 2455186-9 1987 Conclusions are as follows: (1) Clonidine may be useful in the treatment of hypertensive menopausal women; and (2) a diminution in ACTH, beta-endorphin, and cortisol release in response to clonidine was observed in Cushing"s disease. Clonidine 189-198 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 137-151 2455193-8 1987 alpha 2-Adrenoceptor agonists like clonidine inhibit the nerve stimulation-evoked NPY release and treatment with clonidine elevates the tissue content of NPY. Clonidine 35-44 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 82-85 2455193-8 1987 alpha 2-Adrenoceptor agonists like clonidine inhibit the nerve stimulation-evoked NPY release and treatment with clonidine elevates the tissue content of NPY. Clonidine 113-122 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 154-157 3035083-0 1987 Serotonergic influence on the growth hormone response to clonidine in rat. Clonidine 57-66 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 30-44 3035083-1 1987 Administration of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine induces growth hormone (GH) release in rat and man. Clonidine 51-60 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 69-83 3035083-1 1987 Administration of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine induces growth hormone (GH) release in rat and man. Clonidine 51-60 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 85-87 3035083-2 1987 In the present study it is shown that the GH response to clonidine is weaker in rats exposed to depletion of both noradrenaline and serotonin (by means of reserpine or the combined treatment of FLA-63 and PCPA) than in animals exposed to noradrenaline depletion (by means of FLA-63) only. Clonidine 57-66 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 42-44 2455168-5 1987 After clonidine treatment, in addition to a statistically significant reduction in SAP, DAP, MAP, and in NE and UNE (all p less than 0.01), a decrease in IVS (12.5 to 9.5 mm; p less than 0.01) and in PW (11.2 to 9.3 mm; p less than 0.01) thickness as well as in LVMI (152.3 to 108.6 g/m2; p less than 0.01) was observed in hypertensive patients. Clonidine 6-15 SH2 domain containing 1A Homo sapiens 83-86 2455168-5 1987 After clonidine treatment, in addition to a statistically significant reduction in SAP, DAP, MAP, and in NE and UNE (all p less than 0.01), a decrease in IVS (12.5 to 9.5 mm; p less than 0.01) and in PW (11.2 to 9.3 mm; p less than 0.01) thickness as well as in LVMI (152.3 to 108.6 g/m2; p less than 0.01) was observed in hypertensive patients. Clonidine 6-15 death associated protein Homo sapiens 88-91 2455169-0 1987 Normalization of blood pressure and plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin and leucine-enkephalin in patients with primary hypertension after treatment with clonidine. Clonidine 158-167 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 61-75 2455169-4 1987 After 14 days of treatment with clonidine, which decreases sympathetic activity via a central action, beta-endorphin, leucine-enkephalin, and noradrenaline concentrations did not differ between both groups. Clonidine 32-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 102-116 2455169-6 1987 Besides via sympathetic inhibition, clonidine also may reduce the increased blood pressure further by normalizing central beta-endorphin release. Clonidine 36-45 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 122-136 2455172-2 1987 In the present work we have compared the effects of a 1-week oral application of clonidine (2 x 0.075 mg/day) to dihydralazine (2 x 25 mg/day) in eight healthy volunteers on changes in plasma ANF and plasma and urine cyclic GMP levels after acute volume loading with 2 I physiological saline i.v. Clonidine 81-90 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 224-227 2455172-7 1987 Saline infusion increased cyclic GMP levels by 40% in the control and clonidine-treated groups, and by 25% in the dihydralazine-treated group. Clonidine 70-79 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 33-36 2455172-8 1987 Urinary cyclic GMP excretion increased by 2.1-, 1.6-, and 1.2-fold, respectively, in the controls, after clonidine, or after dihydralazine. Clonidine 105-114 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Homo sapiens 15-18 3659119-3 1987 In the present study, ethanol dependence also resulted in subsensitivity of the vas to the effects induced by alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine, the alpha-receptor antagonists phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine, as well as to adenosine and naloxone. Clonidine 139-148 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 80-83 2951760-0 1987 Clonidine stimulation in anorexia nervosa: growth hormone, cortisol, and beta-endorphin responses. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 43-57 2951760-0 1987 Clonidine stimulation in anorexia nervosa: growth hormone, cortisol, and beta-endorphin responses. Clonidine 0-9 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 73-87 2951760-2 1987 Clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, has been shown to blunt growth hormone (GH) response and greatly lower plasma cortisol in PAD patients. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 68-82 2951760-2 1987 Clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, has been shown to blunt growth hormone (GH) response and greatly lower plasma cortisol in PAD patients. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 84-86 3104956-0 1987 Increased growth hormone response to clonidine in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats. Clonidine 37-46 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 10-24 3104956-2 1987 The GH response to the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine has thus been used as an index of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor responsiveness. Clonidine 50-59 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 4-6 3023778-0 1986 Growth hormone responses to clonidine and GRF in spontaneously hypertensive rats: neuroendocrine evidence for an enhanced responsiveness of brain alpha 2-adrenoceptors in genetical hypertension. Clonidine 28-37 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 0-14 3104956-3 1987 Pharmacologic manipulations known to upregulate alpha 2-adrenergic receptor sensitivity would then be expected to result in an enhancement of the GH response to clonidine. Clonidine 161-170 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 146-148 3104956-7 1987 Rats administered clonidine had greater GH responses than those administered saline within either the lesioned or nonlesioned groups. Clonidine 18-27 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 40-42 3104956-8 1987 The GH response to clonidine was significantly greater in the lesioned group than in the nonlesioned group. Clonidine 19-28 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 4-6 3028832-1 1986 Clonidine (10 micrograms X kg-1) reduced by almost 50% the increase in plasma neuropeptide (NPY)-like immunoreactivity (-LI) induced by preganglionic nerve stimulation at 8 Hz. Clonidine 0-9 pro-neuropeptide Y Cavia porcellus 92-95 3540504-7 1986 Plasma renin activity (PRA) was reduced by PRO (51%, P less than 0.01) and CLO (35%, P less than 0.05). Clonidine 75-78 renin Homo sapiens 7-12 3784771-4 1986 In addition to its documented effects on acetylcholine metabolism, clonidine was found to be a weak inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Clonidine 67-76 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 113-133 3784771-7 1986 Moreover, direct interactions with acetylcholinesterase may contribute to clonidine protection from cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity. Clonidine 74-83 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 35-55 3784771-7 1986 Moreover, direct interactions with acetylcholinesterase may contribute to clonidine protection from cholinesterase inhibitor toxicity. Clonidine 74-83 butyrylcholinesterase Mus musculus 41-55 3023778-1 1986 Clonidine induces growth hormone (GH) release in rat. Clonidine 0-9 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 18-32 3023778-1 1986 Clonidine induces growth hormone (GH) release in rat. Clonidine 0-9 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 34-36 3023778-3 1986 In the present study it is demonstrated that spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the Wistar-Kyoto strain display enhanced GH responses to clonidine as compared to normotensive Wistar-Kyoto control rats. Clonidine 143-152 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 127-129 3023778-6 1986 Since the enhanced GH responses to clonidine were observed also in young, prehypertensive SHR they are probably not secondary to the elevated blood pressure. Clonidine 35-44 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 19-21 2945415-9 1986 Endocrinologic and metabolic effects with transdermal clonidine are similar to those with the oral form: norepinephrine, renin, and aldosterone all tend to be reduced; and there are no significant changes in the lipid profile, uric acid, or electrolytes. Clonidine 54-63 renin Homo sapiens 121-126 3095519-0 1986 Effect of prolonged clonidine administration on growth hormone concentrations and rate of linear growth in children with constitutional growth delay. Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 48-62 3095519-4 1986 These and other studies suggest that prolonged stimulation of the hypothalamus by clonidine may ameliorate the impairment of growth hormone release seen in some children with constitutional growth delay. Clonidine 82-91 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 125-139 3030263-4 1986 The effect of 2.5 nM-VIP was almost totally counteracted (i.e. fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration was restored) by either adrenaline (1 microM) or the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist UK-14304 (1 microM); the alpha 2-agonist clonidine (1 microM) was less efficient, since the VIP effect was decreased by 72% only. Clonidine 224-233 vasoactive intestinal peptide Homo sapiens 21-24 3761196-9 1986 The protective effects of clonidine are likely to involve multiple effects, including blockade of acetylcholine release and postsynaptic muscarinic receptors and transient inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Clonidine 26-35 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 186-206 3534900-3 1986 The authors investigated possible relationships between the therapeutic efficacy of clonidine in patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) and concentrations in urine and plasma of the main noradrenaline (NA) metabolite methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), and of the NA biosynthetic enzyme dopamine-b-hydroxylase (DBH) in plasma. Clonidine 84-93 dopamine beta-hydroxylase Homo sapiens 285-307 3761196-0 1986 Clonidine protection from the toxicity of soman, an organophosphate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, in the mouse. Clonidine 0-9 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 68-88 3761196-1 1986 Mice pretreated with the centrally active alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, clonidine, were protected from several of the toxic manifestations of soman, an organophosphate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Clonidine 70-79 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 166-186 3761196-7 1986 Clonidine noncompetitively inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity in vitro and after in vivo administration at protective doses. Clonidine 0-9 acetylcholinesterase Mus musculus 37-57 3741921-0 1986 Blunted growth hormone response to clonidine in panic disorder patients. Clonidine 35-44 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 8-22 3089765-8 1986 Viewed together, these data indicate that in infant rats CLO releases GH via GRF release and that the somatotropes respond earlier to GRF (5 days) than the GRF-secreting structures do to alpha 2-adrenergic stimulation (10 days). Clonidine 57-60 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 77-80 3776652-0 1986 Clonidine treatment elevates content of neuropeptide Y in cardiac nerves. Clonidine 0-9 neuropeptide Y Homo sapiens 40-54 3534900-3 1986 The authors investigated possible relationships between the therapeutic efficacy of clonidine in patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD) and concentrations in urine and plasma of the main noradrenaline (NA) metabolite methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), and of the NA biosynthetic enzyme dopamine-b-hydroxylase (DBH) in plasma. Clonidine 84-93 dopamine beta-hydroxylase Homo sapiens 309-312 3092819-0 1986 Growth hormone-releasing hormone and clonidine stimulate biosynthesis of growth hormone in neonatal pituitaries. Clonidine 37-46 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 73-87 2945042-0 1986 Clonidine normalizes low plasma beta-endorphin concentration and blood pressure in young men with mild essential hypertension. Clonidine 0-9 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 32-46 3092819-1 1986 Comparative studies were performed to verify the effect of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) or clonidine (CLON), a compound thought to act via release of endogenous GHRH, in stimulating GH biosynthesis in the pituitary from neonatal and adult rats. Clonidine 102-111 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 172-176 3092819-1 1986 Comparative studies were performed to verify the effect of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) or clonidine (CLON), a compound thought to act via release of endogenous GHRH, in stimulating GH biosynthesis in the pituitary from neonatal and adult rats. Clonidine 113-117 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 172-176 3022159-3 1986 In contrast, activation of presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors with clonidine (1 microM) or TL-99 (1 microM), inhibiting release by about 50%, completely abolished the inhibitory effects of morphine and DADLE without affecting that of Cd2+. Clonidine 66-75 Cd2 molecule Rattus norvegicus 233-236 3490854-6 1986 The clonidine sedation (but not hypothermia) was attenuated by PIR. Clonidine 4-13 pirin Rattus norvegicus 63-66 2873027-5 1986 The stimulatory effect of clonidine (10(-4) M) on GRF release in the presence of propranolol was inhibited by yohimbine (10(-4) M), an alpha 2-adrenergic blocking agent. Clonidine 26-35 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 50-53 3082919-0 1986 Suppression of the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and GH-releasing hormone by exogenous GH. Clonidine 51-60 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 19-33 2873027-3 1986 The infusion of clonidine (10(-4) M), an alpha 2-adrenergic stimulant, resulted in an increase in the spontaneous release of GRF. Clonidine 16-25 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 125-128 2873027-4 1986 In the presence of propranolol (10(-5) M), a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, clonidine (10(-5) and 10(-4) M) stimulated GRF release more prominently in a dose-related manner, whereas propranolol (10(-5) and 10(-4) M) by itself did not affect the spontaneous GRF release. Clonidine 77-86 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 120-123 2873027-4 1986 In the presence of propranolol (10(-5) M), a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, clonidine (10(-5) and 10(-4) M) stimulated GRF release more prominently in a dose-related manner, whereas propranolol (10(-5) and 10(-4) M) by itself did not affect the spontaneous GRF release. Clonidine 77-86 growth hormone releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 258-261 2873230-1 1986 Levels of sulphobromophthalein (BSP) in plasma and liver were elevated by the opiate, morphine, and by the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine. Clonidine 137-146 black spleen Mus musculus 32-35 3717403-0 1986 The human growth hormone response to clonidine: relationship to clinical and neuroendocrine profile in depression. Clonidine 37-46 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-24 3717403-1 1986 The authors found a significant negative correlation between human growth hormone (HGH) response to clonidine and urinary free cortisol level in 14 depressed patients. Clonidine 100-109 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 67-81 3523192-0 1986 [Efficacy of the clonidine test in the evaluation of growth hormone secretion in childhood and comparison with the insulin test]. Clonidine 17-26 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 53-67 3013108-2 1986 Clonidine increased plasma cyclic GMP but decreased slightly cyclic AMP levels in clonidine-naive mice. Clonidine 0-9 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Mus musculus 34-37 2871466-4 1986 In line with these findings, diazepam was found to induce GH release in reserpine pretreated rats only when the alpha 2-receptor agonist clonidine was simultaneously administered. Clonidine 137-146 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 58-60 3953517-0 1986 Growth hormone response after clonidine stimulation. Clonidine 30-39 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 3013108-4 1986 alpha 2-Agonists, such as clonidine, oxymetazoline and naphazoline, were more potent than phenylephrine, an alpha 1-agonist, in increasing cyclic GMP, although azepexole, a weak alpha 2-agonist, had no effect. Clonidine 26-35 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Mus musculus 146-149 3013108-5 1986 Inhibition of clonidine-induced increase in plasma cyclic GMP by yohimbine, hexamethonium and atropine, but not by prazosin suggests that the effect of clonidine is mediated by the central alpha 2-adrenoceptors, activating the muscarinic receptor-linked guanylate cyclase through the stimulation of vagal activity. Clonidine 152-161 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Mus musculus 58-61 3013108-5 1986 Inhibition of clonidine-induced increase in plasma cyclic GMP by yohimbine, hexamethonium and atropine, but not by prazosin suggests that the effect of clonidine is mediated by the central alpha 2-adrenoceptors, activating the muscarinic receptor-linked guanylate cyclase through the stimulation of vagal activity. Clonidine 14-23 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II Mus musculus 58-61 3007171-6 1986 The development of vasopressin hypertension was associated with a gradual reduction of the response of the type II inhibitor to low and high doses of clonidine. Clonidine 150-159 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 19-30 3514447-5 1986 Absolute clonidine-induced reduction in plasma renin activity after diuretic treatment was three times greater than before treatment, although percent changes were similar. Clonidine 9-18 renin Homo sapiens 47-52 3005789-3 1986 It was observed that isoproterenol and epinephrine stimulated renin secretion and that clonidine decreased both basal and isoproterenol-stimulated renin secretion in the control group. Clonidine 87-96 renin Rattus norvegicus 147-152 3007171-9 1986 Reduced reactivity of postsynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors seems to be of great importance since treatment of vasopressin-hypertensive rats with 6-hydroxydopamine resulted in a decrease of blood pressure and reappearance of the sensitivity of postsynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors to clonidine. Clonidine 279-288 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 108-119 3005829-8 1986 In competition studies, alpha-adrenergic antagonists and agonists inhibited the binding of 125I-rau-pAPC with a potency order consistent with an interaction at alpha 2-adrenergic receptors (rauwolscine greater than phentolamine greater than prazosin; clonidine greater than (-)-epinephrine greater than (-)-norepinephrine greater than dopamine greater than (+)-epinephrine). Clonidine 251-260 protocadherin 8 Homo sapiens 100-104 3513563-4 1986 Persistent diabetes in a previously normoglycemic patient following clonidine has not been reported, and it supports the possibility that clonidine and metoprolol may have additive effects in suppressing endogenous insulin secretion. Clonidine 138-147 insulin Homo sapiens 215-222 3028722-5 1986 The alpha 2-mediated growth hormone response to clonidine was increased after one week"s treatment with desipramine and then reduced during the second and third weeks of treatment. Clonidine 48-57 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 21-35 3028729-5 1986 The growth hormone response to clonidine tended to be blunted in depressed females and was significantly blunted in the subgroup of depressives who failed to suppress plasma cortisol concentrations in response to dexamethasone. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 3783148-0 1986 Neuropeptide Y enhances the inhibitory effects of clonidine on 3H-noradrenaline release in synaptosomes isolated from the medulla oblongata of the male rat. Clonidine 50-59 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 3816411-3 1986 Growth hormone responses to clonidine were measured as indices partially reflecting alpha 2-adrenoceptor responsiveness. Clonidine 28-37 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 3542627-0 1986 Effect of clonidine on insulin secretion: a case report. Clonidine 10-19 insulin Homo sapiens 23-30 3783148-1 1986 In studies on superfused synaptosomes from the rat medulla oblongata, the inhibitory effects of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine (0.1 microM) on potassium (15 mM K+) induced 3H-noradrenaline (NA) release was potentiated by 20%, when neuropeptide Y was added to the system. Clonidine 127-136 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 241-255 3542627-2 1986 When the response of insulin secretion to glucose administration during clonidine therapy was compared with that after 12 days of wash-out for clonidine in this patient (who was then receiving phentolamine mesylate), there was a marked suppression of insulin secretion to stimulation by intravenous glucose during oral clonidine therapy. Clonidine 72-81 insulin Homo sapiens 21-28 3542627-2 1986 When the response of insulin secretion to glucose administration during clonidine therapy was compared with that after 12 days of wash-out for clonidine in this patient (who was then receiving phentolamine mesylate), there was a marked suppression of insulin secretion to stimulation by intravenous glucose during oral clonidine therapy. Clonidine 72-81 insulin Homo sapiens 251-258 3786637-0 1986 Growth hormone and cortisol secretion after oral clonidine in healthy adults. Clonidine 49-58 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 3025757-3 1986 In the same experiment clonidine, 0.2 mg/kg, suppressed basal prolactin levels to 4 +/- 1 ng/ml and returned prolactin levels of all animals receiving 0.2-5.0 mg/kg yohimbine to basal levels. Clonidine 23-32 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 62-71 3025757-3 1986 In the same experiment clonidine, 0.2 mg/kg, suppressed basal prolactin levels to 4 +/- 1 ng/ml and returned prolactin levels of all animals receiving 0.2-5.0 mg/kg yohimbine to basal levels. Clonidine 23-32 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 109-118 3025757-5 1986 Clonidine alone at doses of 0.05 and 0.2 mg/kg again significantly suppressed prolactin levels, while a dose of 1.0 mg/kg did not (failure of high dose clonidine to suppress prolactin levels suggests an additional effect of clonidine on prolactin secretion unrelated to alpha 2-adrenergic agonist action). Clonidine 0-9 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 78-87 3025757-6 1986 All three doses of clonidine completely reversed yohimbine-induced prolactin release. Clonidine 19-28 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 67-76 3080766-6 1986 The plasma level of growth hormone (GH) over 24 hours was elevated during fasting and administration of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine resulted in a subnormal GH response after restoration of original body weight. Clonidine 144-153 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 20-34 3786637-1 1986 The purpose of this study was to evaluate oral clonidine for testing growth hormone (GH) responsiveness in healthy adults. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 69-83 3080766-6 1986 The plasma level of growth hormone (GH) over 24 hours was elevated during fasting and administration of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine resulted in a subnormal GH response after restoration of original body weight. Clonidine 144-153 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 36-38 3786637-1 1986 The purpose of this study was to evaluate oral clonidine for testing growth hormone (GH) responsiveness in healthy adults. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 85-87 3080766-6 1986 The plasma level of growth hormone (GH) over 24 hours was elevated during fasting and administration of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine resulted in a subnormal GH response after restoration of original body weight. Clonidine 144-153 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 178-180 3016788-3 1986 Clonidine"s ability to decrease blood pressure (BP) and plasma levels of the norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (MHPG), and to increase sedation and plasma growth hormone (GH), were measured. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 187-201 3786637-2 1986 Oral clonidine (0.15 mg) produced a satisfactory GH response (greater than 4 ng/ml from basal) in eight out of 10 subjects, which is similar to rates reported after an equivalent intravenous dose. Clonidine 5-14 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-51 3016788-3 1986 Clonidine"s ability to decrease blood pressure (BP) and plasma levels of the norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (MHPG), and to increase sedation and plasma growth hormone (GH), were measured. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 203-205 3786637-6 1986 Results from this study indicate that oral clonidine is a reliable method for testing GH responsiveness in adult subjects. Clonidine 43-52 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 86-88 3007707-3 1985 clonidine lowered blood pressure, increased sedation and raised levels of plasma renin activity and growth hormone. Clonidine 0-9 renin Homo sapiens 81-86 2934351-0 1985 Comparison of the effect of insulin hypoglycemia and clonidine on secretion of growth hormone, cortisol and beta-endorphin in children and adolescents. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 79-93 2867482-3 1985 Thyroid hormone deprivation suppressed pulsatile GH secretion as well as GH release induced by clonidine (150 micrograms/kg). Clonidine 95-104 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 73-75 2867482-4 1985 Treatment of TPTX rats with small doses of triiodothyronine (T3) restored an episodic pattern of GH secretion, but with lower peak values than controls, as well as the GH response to clonidine. Clonidine 183-192 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 168-170 4075972-0 1985 Calcitonin serum levels in heroin addicts: effects of methadone and clonidine detoxication treatments. Clonidine 68-77 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 0-10 4075972-4 1985 The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the levels of CT in a group of addicts to heroin both before and during detoxication treatment with methadone or a non-opioid drug like clonidine. Clonidine 184-193 calcitonin related polypeptide alpha Homo sapiens 62-64 2934351-0 1985 Comparison of the effect of insulin hypoglycemia and clonidine on secretion of growth hormone, cortisol and beta-endorphin in children and adolescents. Clonidine 53-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 108-122 2934351-3 1985 Whereas hypoglycemia raised plasma beta-endorphin levels, clonidine slightly decreased beta-endorphin in six subjects and had no effect in four. Clonidine 58-67 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 87-101 4057076-1 1985 Increasing doses of clonidine enhanced the retention of sulfobromophthalein (BSP) in plasma and liver, while reducing elimination of this dye into bile. Clonidine 20-29 black spleen Mus musculus 77-80 4057076-3 1985 In clonidine-treated mice which were warmed to reverse drug-induced hypothermia, plasma and liver BSP levels were raised as compared to saline-treated mice. Clonidine 3-12 black spleen Mus musculus 98-101 4057076-4 1985 Clonidine also raised plasma and liver levels of the BSP analog, dibromosulfophthalein, which is not conjugated before biliary elimination. Clonidine 0-9 black spleen Mus musculus 53-56 4057076-6 1985 In mice with cannulas in their common bile ducts to prevent duct spasm, clonidine reduced the amounts of BSP eliminated into bile. Clonidine 72-81 black spleen Mus musculus 105-108 3008136-3 1985 The both actions of clonidine were greatly reduced in vasopressin hypertensive rats suggesting subsensitivity of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. Clonidine 20-29 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 54-65 2995746-1 1985 Whether peripheral beta-endorphin contributes to the antihypertensive action of clonidine was examined by measuring plasma levels of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (beta EpLI) after acute administration of clonidine in patients with essential hypertension. Clonidine 80-89 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 19-33 2995746-2 1985 Administration of clonidine (0.225 mg) in one dose significantly lowered blood pressure, decreased heart rate and reduced the plasma level of beta EpLI and ACTH, while the placebo had no effect on blood pressure, heart rate or plasma level of beta EpLI suggesting that peripheral beta-endorphin does not play a major role in the antihypertensive action of acute clonidine administration. Clonidine 18-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 280-294 2995746-0 1985 Central alpha-activation by clonidine reduces plasma level of beta-endorphin in patients with essential hypertension. Clonidine 28-37 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 62-76 2997284-3 1985 Clonidine, N6-phenylisopropyladenosine, prostaglandin E2, and insulin caused a dose-dependent inhibition of glycerol release in the presence of adenosine deaminase. Clonidine 0-9 adenosine deaminase Homo sapiens 144-163 2865383-2 1985 ICV pretreatment with the histamine H2-receptor antagonist, metiamide, significantly reduced the hypotensive and bradycardic responses caused by ICV injection of either guanfacine or clonidine. Clonidine 183-192 histamine H2 receptor Oryctolagus cuniculus 26-47 4028993-0 1985 [The clonidine inhibition test: an aid in the diagnosis and postoperative therapeutic control in pheochromocytoma]. Clonidine 5-14 activation induced cytidine deaminase Homo sapiens 35-38 2931155-6 1985 Substitution therapy with insulin (1 IU/100 g b.wt.daily) delivered through subcutaneously implanted minipumps, allowed re-institution of a normal GH responsiveness to clonidine. Clonidine 168-177 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 147-149 2989759-0 1985 Deranged alpha-adrenergic regulation of growth hormone secretion in poorly controlled diabetes: reversal of the exaggerated response to clonidine after continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Clonidine 136-145 insulin Homo sapiens 176-183 3897355-4 1985 The administration of a protein meal caused a significant increase of blood glucose (peak at 60 min), insulin (peak at 90 min) and glucagon (peak at 90 min) levels; the association of clonidine caused an increase of blood glucose (single values and total areas) without changes of insulin and glucagon levels, when compared to those obtained before clonidine treatment. Clonidine 184-193 insulin Homo sapiens 281-288 3897355-5 1985 In conclusion, the association of clonidine to a protein meal caused impaired glucose tolerance presumably due to a direct glycogenolytic effect, occurring in the liver on account of an alpha-2 receptor stimulation, insulin and glucagon not being involved in this phenomenon. Clonidine 34-43 insulin Homo sapiens 216-223 4070024-7 1985 Since both the presynaptic alpha adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine, and the opioid antagonist, naloxone, modulate the pressor and dipsogenic responses to AII, their effects on AII-induced hypothermia were tested. Clonidine 55-64 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 152-155 4070024-7 1985 Since both the presynaptic alpha adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine, and the opioid antagonist, naloxone, modulate the pressor and dipsogenic responses to AII, their effects on AII-induced hypothermia were tested. Clonidine 55-64 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 174-177 2997557-5 1985 1 X 10(-6) M to 1 X 10(-5) M P11 increased the contractions of a field-stimulated vas deferens and antagonized the effects of clonidine (1 X 10(-9) M on the same preparation. Clonidine 126-135 S100 calcium binding protein A10 Rattus norvegicus 29-32 2989759-6 1985 In contrast, the GH response to clonidine was indistinguishable from normal after only 1 wk of intensified insulin treatment. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 17-19 3996466-0 1985 Clonidine can lower blood pressure by inhibiting vasopressin release. Clonidine 0-9 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 49-60 3982277-4 1985 Administration of the alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist clonidine (0.5 mg po) reliably increased GH levels (P less than 0.05). Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 94-96 3982277-5 1985 Elevated GH levels following clonidine administration abolished GH responses to subsequently infused 2DG (P less than 0.05). Clonidine 29-38 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 9-11 3982277-5 1985 Elevated GH levels following clonidine administration abolished GH responses to subsequently infused 2DG (P less than 0.05). Clonidine 29-38 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 64-66 3986086-0 1985 The plasma noradrenaline and growth hormone response to alpha-methyldopa and clonidine in hypertensive subjects. Clonidine 77-86 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-43 2857637-4 1985 Administration of the dopaminergic agonists bromocriptine and L-dopa or the alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker phenoxybenzamine elevated GnRH-R acutely from average basal values of 240 +/- 22 and 254 +/- 21 fmol/mg protein to maximal values of 374 +/- 49, 441 +/- 67 and 461 +/- 75 fmol/mg, respectively, whereas the alpha-adrenergic agonist clonidine transiently decreased GnRH-R to 186 +/- 19 fmol/mg. Clonidine 341-350 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 136-142 2857638-7 1985 Infusion of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine at 1 microgram/kg X min caused a decrease in the cAMP response to PTH to 3.6 +/- 0.5 nmol cAMP/mumol creatinine (n = 12) (P less than 0.001). Clonidine 43-52 parathyroid hormone Rattus norvegicus 119-122 2985451-5 1985 Moreover, the use of adrenaline and clonidine as alpha 2-adrenergic agonists reveals a relationship between the number of receptors and the intensity of the biological effect associated with their stimulation (inhibition of the VIP-induced cyclic AMP accumulation). Clonidine 36-45 vasoactive intestinal peptide Homo sapiens 228-231 2987483-2 1985 The alpha-2 adrenergic responsiveness of the adipocytes was tested with an alpha-2 agonist, clonidine, which inhibits, in a concentration-dependent manner, the lipolytic activity of the isolated fat cells incubated in the presence of adenosine deaminase (1-2 micrograms/ml). Clonidine 92-101 adenosine deaminase Homo sapiens 234-253 3982277-7 1985 Clonidine administration significantly reduced total catecholamine, pancreatic polypeptide, and prolactin response to 2DG while opiate receptor blockade with naloxone (10 mg IV bolus followed by 2 mg/hr) did not affect catecholamine and pancreatic polypeptide response but did slightly attenuate the GH and PRL response to glucoprivation. Clonidine 0-9 pancreatic polypeptide Homo sapiens 68-90 3982277-7 1985 Clonidine administration significantly reduced total catecholamine, pancreatic polypeptide, and prolactin response to 2DG while opiate receptor blockade with naloxone (10 mg IV bolus followed by 2 mg/hr) did not affect catecholamine and pancreatic polypeptide response but did slightly attenuate the GH and PRL response to glucoprivation. Clonidine 0-9 prolactin Homo sapiens 96-105 3982277-7 1985 Clonidine administration significantly reduced total catecholamine, pancreatic polypeptide, and prolactin response to 2DG while opiate receptor blockade with naloxone (10 mg IV bolus followed by 2 mg/hr) did not affect catecholamine and pancreatic polypeptide response but did slightly attenuate the GH and PRL response to glucoprivation. Clonidine 0-9 pancreatic polypeptide Homo sapiens 237-259 3982277-7 1985 Clonidine administration significantly reduced total catecholamine, pancreatic polypeptide, and prolactin response to 2DG while opiate receptor blockade with naloxone (10 mg IV bolus followed by 2 mg/hr) did not affect catecholamine and pancreatic polypeptide response but did slightly attenuate the GH and PRL response to glucoprivation. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 300-302 3982277-7 1985 Clonidine administration significantly reduced total catecholamine, pancreatic polypeptide, and prolactin response to 2DG while opiate receptor blockade with naloxone (10 mg IV bolus followed by 2 mg/hr) did not affect catecholamine and pancreatic polypeptide response but did slightly attenuate the GH and PRL response to glucoprivation. Clonidine 0-9 prolactin Homo sapiens 307-310 2986025-5 1985 Clonidine induced significant reductions of CRT and increases of GH in both groups; furthermore, a slight but significant reduction of PRL was registered in high IT group. Clonidine 0-9 calcitonin receptor Homo sapiens 44-47 2986025-5 1985 Clonidine induced significant reductions of CRT and increases of GH in both groups; furthermore, a slight but significant reduction of PRL was registered in high IT group. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 65-67 3993390-6 1985 The results indicate that clonidine-induced diuresis is centrogenic and is attributed to the inhibition of the release of vasopressin from central hypothalamoneurohypophyseal axis. Clonidine 26-35 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 122-133 3996466-1 1985 The effect of clonidine on vasopressin release was studied in chloralose anesthetized rats which were made hypertensive by bilateral electrolytic lesions of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). Clonidine 14-23 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 27-38 3996466-3 1985 Furthermore, the ability of a vasopressin antagonist to lower arterial pressure in NTS hypertensive rats was markedly attenuated by clonidine treatment. Clonidine 132-141 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 30-41 3996466-5 1985 These data demonstrate that part of the antihypertensive effect of clonidine in NTS hypertensive rats is due to inhibition of vasopressin release into the circulation. Clonidine 67-76 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 126-137 2983040-3 1985 The rank-order of potency of several adrenergic agonists in potentiating the effect of VIP on cAMP levels is the following: epinephrine greater than NE greater than phenylephrine much greater than clonidine, with EC50 of 2.2, 5, and 10 microM, respectively (clonidine being only marginally effective). Clonidine 197-206 vasoactive intestinal polypeptide Mus musculus 87-90 3967801-4 1985 Group B diabetic subjects had a significantly higher mean +/- SD GH increase after clonidine than did group A patients (delta of 17.4 +/- 4.9 versus 5.7 +/- 6.0 ng/ml, P less than 0.01); the basal GH of both groups were similar (1.6 +/- 0.7 versus 2.3 +/- 1.4 ng/ml). Clonidine 83-92 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 65-67 2981281-0 1985 Decrease of clonidine binding affinity to alpha 2-adrenoceptor by ADP-ribosylation of 41,000-dalton proteins in rat cerebral cortical membranes by islet-activating protein. Clonidine 12-21 Cd47 molecule Rattus norvegicus 147-171 2983040-3 1985 The rank-order of potency of several adrenergic agonists in potentiating the effect of VIP on cAMP levels is the following: epinephrine greater than NE greater than phenylephrine much greater than clonidine, with EC50 of 2.2, 5, and 10 microM, respectively (clonidine being only marginally effective). Clonidine 258-267 vasoactive intestinal polypeptide Mus musculus 87-90 2981281-2 1985 Pretreatment of membranes with islet-activating protein (IAP) in the presence of NAD caused an increase in IC50 and nH values for clonidine compared with control membranes in the absence of GTP, the addition of which was without effect. Clonidine 130-139 Cd47 molecule Rattus norvegicus 31-55 2981281-2 1985 Pretreatment of membranes with islet-activating protein (IAP) in the presence of NAD caused an increase in IC50 and nH values for clonidine compared with control membranes in the absence of GTP, the addition of which was without effect. Clonidine 130-139 Cd47 molecule Rattus norvegicus 57-60 2857510-4 1985 In the controls, clonidine induced release of beta-LPH and beta-EP after 30 min (from 8.9 +/- 1.0 to 19.1 +/- 4.6 fmol/ml, P less than 0.01 and from 8.1 +/- 0.6 to 17.9 +/- 4.6, P less than 0.01) and of ACTH after 60 min (from 12.1 +/- 1.8 to 18.1 +/- 1.8, P less than 0.05) while in addicts beta-EP but not beta-LPH showed a significant increase (from 8.5 +/- 0.7 to 19.8 +/- 4.2, P less than 0.05), 90 min after the injection. Clonidine 17-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-54 2981281-3 1985 Scatchard analysis showed that the Bmax value of the high-affinity component in [3H]clonidine binding was decreased by pretreatment with IAP/NAD. Clonidine 84-93 Cd47 molecule Rattus norvegicus 137-140 2857510-4 1985 In the controls, clonidine induced release of beta-LPH and beta-EP after 30 min (from 8.9 +/- 1.0 to 19.1 +/- 4.6 fmol/ml, P less than 0.01 and from 8.1 +/- 0.6 to 17.9 +/- 4.6, P less than 0.01) and of ACTH after 60 min (from 12.1 +/- 1.8 to 18.1 +/- 1.8, P less than 0.05) while in addicts beta-EP but not beta-LPH showed a significant increase (from 8.5 +/- 0.7 to 19.8 +/- 4.2, P less than 0.05), 90 min after the injection. Clonidine 17-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-66 2857510-4 1985 In the controls, clonidine induced release of beta-LPH and beta-EP after 30 min (from 8.9 +/- 1.0 to 19.1 +/- 4.6 fmol/ml, P less than 0.01 and from 8.1 +/- 0.6 to 17.9 +/- 4.6, P less than 0.01) and of ACTH after 60 min (from 12.1 +/- 1.8 to 18.1 +/- 1.8, P less than 0.05) while in addicts beta-EP but not beta-LPH showed a significant increase (from 8.5 +/- 0.7 to 19.8 +/- 4.2, P less than 0.05), 90 min after the injection. Clonidine 17-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 203-207 2984004-7 1985 When tested on intact cells, epinephrine, norepinephrine and clonidine were found to counteract, in a dose-dependent manner, the increase of cyclic AMP triggered by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Clonidine 61-70 vasoactive intestinal peptide Homo sapiens 196-199 2857510-4 1985 In the controls, clonidine induced release of beta-LPH and beta-EP after 30 min (from 8.9 +/- 1.0 to 19.1 +/- 4.6 fmol/ml, P less than 0.01 and from 8.1 +/- 0.6 to 17.9 +/- 4.6, P less than 0.01) and of ACTH after 60 min (from 12.1 +/- 1.8 to 18.1 +/- 1.8, P less than 0.05) while in addicts beta-EP but not beta-LPH showed a significant increase (from 8.5 +/- 0.7 to 19.8 +/- 4.2, P less than 0.05), 90 min after the injection. Clonidine 17-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 292-299 2984004-10 1985 Clonidine was a partial agonist only, provoking a weak (25-30%) inhibition of VIP-induced cyclic AMP accumulation even at high concentrations. Clonidine 0-9 vasoactive intestinal peptide Homo sapiens 78-81 2857510-4 1985 In the controls, clonidine induced release of beta-LPH and beta-EP after 30 min (from 8.9 +/- 1.0 to 19.1 +/- 4.6 fmol/ml, P less than 0.01 and from 8.1 +/- 0.6 to 17.9 +/- 4.6, P less than 0.01) and of ACTH after 60 min (from 12.1 +/- 1.8 to 18.1 +/- 1.8, P less than 0.05) while in addicts beta-EP but not beta-LPH showed a significant increase (from 8.5 +/- 0.7 to 19.8 +/- 4.2, P less than 0.05), 90 min after the injection. Clonidine 17-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 308-316 2857510-7 1985 Clonidine-induced release of plasma beta-EP may be of importance with regard to its therapeutic effects in detoxification. Clonidine 0-9 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-43 3157294-0 1985 beta-Endorphin and essential hypertension: importance of the clonidine-naloxone interaction. Clonidine 61-70 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-14 3160633-0 1985 Beta-endorphin: a common factor in the antihypertensive action of clonidine-type imidazolines in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clonidine 66-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-14 3969992-2 1985 We evaluated the efficacy and side effects of a low dose of oral clonidine hydrochloride on growth hormone release in 24 healthy short children; ten received 100 micrograms (group A) and 14 received 50 micrograms (group B). Clonidine 65-88 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 92-106 2417048-1 1985 Central alpha-adrenoceptor agonists (methyldopa, clonidine, guanabenz) decrease sympathetic outflow and renin and vasopressin secretion as well as increase parasympathetic activity. Clonidine 49-58 renin Homo sapiens 104-109 2417048-1 1985 Central alpha-adrenoceptor agonists (methyldopa, clonidine, guanabenz) decrease sympathetic outflow and renin and vasopressin secretion as well as increase parasympathetic activity. Clonidine 49-58 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 114-125 2860247-3 1985 The longlasting signal generated by the covalent MSH-receptor complex was readily and reversibly abolished by adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine or clonidine or by the absence of calcium. Clonidine 149-158 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-52 6398251-0 1984 Plasma growth hormone response to oral clonidine as compared to insulin hypoglycemia in obese children and adolescents. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 7-21 6094160-2 1984 The present findings indicate that in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), TRH has another naloxone-like effect in antagonizing the antihypertensive response to clonidine and alpha-methyldopa. Clonidine 163-172 thyrotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 77-80 6398251-1 1984 The response of plasma growth hormone (hGH) to a single oral dose of clonidine (0.15 mg/m2) was compared with that obtained with insulin hypoglycemia (ITT) induced by administration of double the usual dose (0.2 U/kg i.v.) Clonidine 69-78 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 23-37 6398251-6 1984 Clonidine decreased plasma insulin levels in all the obese female subjects (by a mean of 65%) whereas in the obese males the insulin pattern was variable. Clonidine 0-9 insulin Homo sapiens 27-34 6570395-0 1984 [Activation of the kallikrein-kinin system by clonidine]. Clonidine 46-55 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 19-29 6097932-3 1984 The peak increments in levels of plasma growth hormone (GH) and beta-endorphin induced by clonidine did not differ between heroin addicts and normal control subjects. Clonidine 90-99 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 40-54 6097932-3 1984 The peak increments in levels of plasma growth hormone (GH) and beta-endorphin induced by clonidine did not differ between heroin addicts and normal control subjects. Clonidine 90-99 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-78 6097932-4 1984 At no time interval could the clonidine-induced rise in GH levels in addicts be differentiated from that induced by placebo. Clonidine 30-39 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 56-58 6098834-0 1984 Amphetamine-clonidine interaction on neurotransmission in the vas deferens of the rat. Clonidine 12-21 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 62-65 6098834-2 1984 In the whole vas deferens, clonidine 0.037 mumol/l displaced to the right the frequency-response curve evoked by either hypogastric or field stimulation. Clonidine 27-36 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 13-16 6098834-10 1984 In the bisected vas deferens clonidine inhibited the peak motor response to short trains of field stimuli in the prostatic portion ("non-adrenergic") and the sustained response in the epididymal portion ("adrenergic"). Clonidine 29-38 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 16-19 6098834-12 1984 In the prostatic portion amphetamine slightly inhibited the peak motor response and attenuated the inhibitory effect of clonidine in both portions of the vas. Clonidine 120-129 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 154-157 6570395-1 1984 Our results show that after the application of clonidine an activation of the kallikrein kinin system develops. Clonidine 47-56 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 78-88 6570395-4 1984 The more pronounced reaction of the kallikrein kinin system might be connected with the side effects observed in the clonidine test. Clonidine 117-126 kallikrein related peptidase 4 Homo sapiens 36-46 6386275-3 1984 Both clonidine and guanfacine decreased plasma renin activity. Clonidine 5-14 renin Homo sapiens 47-52 6508989-0 1984 Nicotine from cigarette smoking enhances clonidine-induced increase of serum growth hormone concentrations in men. Clonidine 41-50 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 77-91 6513285-0 1984 [Stimulation of growth hormone by clonidine in children with growth retardation]. Clonidine 34-43 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-30 6508989-1 1984 In order to determine whether nicotine exerts its stimulant effect on serum concentrations of growth hormone (GH) by interacting with an adrenergic pathway, we evaluated the effect of cigarette smoking on the response of GH to the administration of clonidine, a specific alpha-adrenoceptor agonist. Clonidine 249-258 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 221-223 6508989-2 1984 In six normal volunteers, clonidine significantly increased serum levels of GH. Clonidine 26-35 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 76-78 6149967-7 1984 This inhibitory action of NE against the AVP effect in CCT was mimicked by 10(-7) M clonidine; in MCT it was suppressed by phentolamine and yohimbine, but not by prazosin, suggesting that alpha 2-adrenoreceptors are involved. Clonidine 84-93 FLVCR heme transporter 2 Rattus norvegicus 55-58 6151010-2 1984 Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, given subcutaneously or intracerebroventricularly inhibited the gastric acid secretion stimulated by intracerebroventricular TRH. Clonidine 0-9 thyrotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 167-170 6151010-5 1984 The inhibitory effect of clonidine on TRH-induced acid secretion was reversed by yohimbine, an alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist, and phentolamine. Clonidine 25-34 thyrotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 38-41 6545412-0 1984 The GH response to clonidine in endogenous as compared with reactive depression. Clonidine 19-28 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-6 6545412-1 1984 The growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine was measured in 10 patients meeting standardized criteria for "endogenous" depression and in 10 patients individually matched for age and sex but meeting the corresponding criteria for "reactive" depression. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 6545412-1 1984 The growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine was measured in 10 patients meeting standardized criteria for "endogenous" depression and in 10 patients individually matched for age and sex but meeting the corresponding criteria for "reactive" depression. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 20-22 6545412-2 1984 In a paired comparison of patients with reactive and endogenous depression (matched for age and sex), the GH response to clonidine was less in the endogenous member of the pair in 8 out of 10 cases. Clonidine 121-130 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 106-108 6392861-0 1984 [Growth hormone secretion and plasma renin activity in children following administration of clonidine]. Clonidine 92-101 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 1-15 6392861-0 1984 [Growth hormone secretion and plasma renin activity in children following administration of clonidine]. Clonidine 92-101 renin Homo sapiens 37-42 6392861-7 1984 Plasma renin activity prior to clonidine was 3.13 ng/ml/h, and 2.03 ng/ml/h 30 min after drugintake. Clonidine 31-40 renin Homo sapiens 7-12 6094329-0 1984 Effect of clonidine on ACTH and cortisol release induced by cigarette smoking in man. Clonidine 10-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 6504267-5 1984 Stimulation of GH secretion by the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, clonidine, and by morphine was similar in control and INDO-treated rats whereas PGE2 evoked a significantly greater release of GH in INDO- than in DDC- (dopamine beta-hydroxylase inhibitor-)treated rats. Clonidine 72-81 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 15-17 6746865-0 1984 Cholinergic mediation of growth hormone secretion elicited by arginine, clonidine, and physical exercise in man. Clonidine 72-81 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 25-39 6493360-1 1984 A study was made of the effects of acute and chronic treatment with monoamine-oxidase (MAO) inhibitors on the peripheral and central cardiovascular response induced by clonidine in anaesthetized normotensive rats. Clonidine 168-177 monoamine oxidase A Rattus norvegicus 68-85 6493360-1 1984 A study was made of the effects of acute and chronic treatment with monoamine-oxidase (MAO) inhibitors on the peripheral and central cardiovascular response induced by clonidine in anaesthetized normotensive rats. Clonidine 168-177 monoamine oxidase A Rattus norvegicus 87-90 6493360-5 1984 Chronic but not acute treatment with clorgyline, an inhibitor of type A MAO, greatly decreased the hypotension and bradycardia induced by clonidine for as long as 5 days after its discontinuation. Clonidine 138-147 monoamine oxidase A Rattus norvegicus 72-75 6492890-0 1984 Effect of aging on human plasma growth hormone response to clonidine. Clonidine 59-68 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 32-46 6492890-1 1984 The effect of the oral administration of 0.150 mg/m2 clonidine on the plasma level of human growth hormone (hGH) was studied in 53 adults (25 males and 28 females) aged from 28 to 68 years, of which 15 were healthy volunteers and 38 were hypertensive. Clonidine 53-62 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 92-106 6493360-6 1984 On the other hand, after chronic administration of pargyline (10 mg X kg-1), a preferential type B MAO inhibitor, the hypotension and bradycardia caused by clonidine were differently affected. Clonidine 156-165 monoamine oxidase A Rattus norvegicus 99-102 6087965-4 1984 By contrast, the growth hormone response to clonidine tended to be increased after one week of desipramine, reduced after three weeks of treatment, and further reduced after discontinuation. Clonidine 44-53 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 17-31 6493360-8 1984 It is concluded that chronic administration of the type A MAO inhibitor, clorgyline, attenuates the central responses to clonidine through the reduction in sensitivity of brain alpha-adrenoceptors. Clonidine 121-130 monoamine oxidase A Rattus norvegicus 58-61 6382895-5 1984 All dogs secreted similar, normal amounts of GH in response to clonidine administration. Clonidine 63-72 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 45-47 6743929-0 1984 A comparison of the growth hormone responses to clonidine and apomorphine in the same patients with endogenous depression. Clonidine 48-57 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 20-34 6478049-8 1984 This allowed the development of an assay for clonidine in plasma with a precision of 8% (SD) at 50 pg ml-1, 22% (SD) at 20 pg ml-1 and a lower limit for quantitative determination of 10 pg ml-1. Clonidine 45-54 interleukin 17F Homo sapiens 102-106 6497501-6 1984 Since the diuretic reflex elicited by the hypobaric pressure breathing is due to an inhibition of vasopressin release, the present data show that clonidine induces an inhibition of vasopressin release. Clonidine 146-155 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 98-109 6497501-6 1984 Since the diuretic reflex elicited by the hypobaric pressure breathing is due to an inhibition of vasopressin release, the present data show that clonidine induces an inhibition of vasopressin release. Clonidine 146-155 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 181-192 6430606-1 1984 Synthetic GH-RH 1-44 administered as an intravenous bolus (1 microgram/kg) evoked a marked hGH rise (greater than 20 ng/ml) in three children with constitutional short stature and in two of eight children diagnosed as having hGH deficiency by insulin hypoglycaemia and/or clonidine tests. Clonidine 272-281 growth hormone releasing hormone Homo sapiens 10-15 6501804-0 1984 The effects of oral clonidine on the growth hormone level in acromegalic patients. Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 37-51 6501804-1 1984 The effects of the noradrenergic agent clonidine on GH secretion of the adenohypophysis were studied in 10 healthy volunteers and 11 acromegalic patients. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 52-54 6501804-2 1984 Orally administered clonidine led to a considerable serum human growth hormone (GH) level increase in the healthy individuals. Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 64-78 6501804-2 1984 Orally administered clonidine led to a considerable serum human growth hormone (GH) level increase in the healthy individuals. Clonidine 20-29 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 80-82 6501804-3 1984 In the acromegalic patients the clonidine resulted in a slight, but not significant GH increase. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 84-86 6375331-4 1984 Transdermal clonidine reduced plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone excretion to the same extent as that reported for oral clonidine. Clonidine 12-21 renin Homo sapiens 37-42 6151430-9 1984 Infusion of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine at 1 microgram/kg per min caused a decrease in the cAMP response to PTH to 3.6 (s.e.m. Clonidine 45-54 parathyroid hormone Rattus norvegicus 123-126 6086878-4 1984 Moreover, clonidine inhibited the FFA outflow initiated by theophylline associated with adenosine deaminase. Clonidine 10-19 adenosine deaminase Canis lupus familiaris 88-107 6743929-1 1984 The growth hormone responses to clonidine (1.3 micrograms/kgm) and apomorphine (0.005 mg/kgm) have been measured in 8 drug free patients with endogenous depression. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 6743929-2 1984 In these patients the growth hormone responses to clonidine were significantly smaller than to apomorphine. Clonidine 50-59 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-36 6743929-3 1984 As these doses of clonidine and apomorphine have previously been reported to cause similar growth hormone responses in normal subjects, these findings support the hypothesis of a defect in the adrenergic but not the dopaminergic regulation of growth hormone in patients with endogenous depression. Clonidine 18-27 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 91-105 6743929-3 1984 As these doses of clonidine and apomorphine have previously been reported to cause similar growth hormone responses in normal subjects, these findings support the hypothesis of a defect in the adrenergic but not the dopaminergic regulation of growth hormone in patients with endogenous depression. Clonidine 18-27 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 243-257 6432895-3 1984 In the normal children brisk and clear-cut GH rises were detected in plasma after hpGRF-40 (peak GH levels at 15-30 min) or clonidine (peak GH levels 60-90 min). Clonidine 124-133 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 43-45 6089027-0 1984 Beta-endorphin contributes to the antihypertensive effect of clonidine in a subset of patients with essential hypertension. Clonidine 61-70 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-14 6089027-3 1984 Clonidine increased plasma beta-endorphin concentration of the reacting patients by 17.53 +/- 1.68 pM/1 and in the non-reacting ones by 5.91 +/- 0.88 pM/1. Clonidine 0-9 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-41 6089027-4 1984 Significant linear correlation was found between the clonidine-induced increase in plasma beta-endorphin level and the naloxone-induced change in mean blood pressure [r = 0.9572, n:24, p less than 0.001]. Clonidine 53-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 90-104 6326924-3 1984 Postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptor function was assessed by measuring the growth hormone response to clonidine before and during treatment. Clonidine 107-116 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 80-94 6145658-4 1984 Prior administration of the adrenergic stimulant clonidine (15, 150, or 1500 micrograms/kg) attenuated the elevated PRL response to phentolamine (20 mg/kg). Clonidine 49-58 prolactin Meleagris gallopavo 116-119 6326953-1 1984 Administration of either isoproterenol (25 micrograms/kg, s.c.) or angiotensin II (200 micrograms/kg, s.c.) induces drinking in rats within 0.5-1 h. This drinking was inhibited by prior administration of the presynaptic alpha-adrenergic agonist clonidine (12 micrograms/kg, i.p.). Clonidine 245-254 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 67-81 6326953-2 1984 Urine output was enhanced by clonidine in the angiotensin II-, but not the isoproterenol-treated group. Clonidine 29-38 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 46-60 6326953-5 1984 This dose of clonidine also enhanced the urine output after angiotensin II. Clonidine 13-22 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 60-74 6326953-7 1984 administration of angiotensin II, at 4 but not 20 ng/kg was inhibited by peripheral administration of clonidine (12 micrograms/kg, i.p.). Clonidine 102-111 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 18-32 6329483-3 1984 Studies reported here establish a dose-inhibition relationship between the dose of clonidine administered (2 to 32 micrograms/kg) intracerebroventricularly (IVT) and inhibition of the drinking response to peripherally administered angiotensin II (200 micrograms/kg. Clonidine 83-92 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 231-245 6329483-6 1984 Yohimbine (300 micrograms/kg, SC) reversed the antidipsogenic effect of centrally administered clonidine (32 micrograms/kg, IVT) on angiotensin II-induced (200 micrograms/kg, SC) water intake. Clonidine 95-104 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 132-146 6323682-0 1984 Mechanism of suppression of vasopressin and adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion by clonidine in anesthetized dogs. Clonidine 85-94 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 44-71 6323682-1 1984 Studies were performed in anesthetized dogs to investigate the mechanism of the suppression of vasopressin and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion by clonidine. Clonidine 159-168 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 111-138 6323682-1 1984 Studies were performed in anesthetized dogs to investigate the mechanism of the suppression of vasopressin and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion by clonidine. Clonidine 159-168 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 140-144 6322493-2 1984 GH deficiency was evidenced in all dogs by an absence of increase in GH levels in response to clonidine administration. Clonidine 94-103 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 0-2 6373331-6 1984 Aqueous humor flow was 21% lower in clonidine-treated eyes as compared to fellow placebo-treated eyes, 1.9 microliter min-1 as compared to 2.4 microliters min-1. Clonidine 36-45 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 118-123 6486775-4 1984 The effect of simultaneous administration of naloxone and clonidine at these submaximal doses was an additive attenuation of both angiotensin II- and isoproterenol-induced water intakes. Clonidine 58-67 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 130-144 6373331-6 1984 Aqueous humor flow was 21% lower in clonidine-treated eyes as compared to fellow placebo-treated eyes, 1.9 microliter min-1 as compared to 2.4 microliters min-1. Clonidine 36-45 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 155-160 6319449-0 1984 Partial blockade by naloxone of clonidine-induced increase in plasma growth hormone in hypertensive patients. Clonidine 32-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 69-83 6585418-0 1984 Growth hormone response to clonidine in children ages 4-17: Tourette"s syndrome vs. children with short stature. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 6141513-1 1984 In previous studies we have shown that the alpha 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine (CLON) releases growth hormone (GH) in conscious dogs, an effect abolished by the selective alpha 2-receptor antagonist yohimbine (YOH) and by reserpine, but not by the alpha 1-receptor antagonist prazosin (1). Clonidine 80-89 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 106-120 6141513-1 1984 In previous studies we have shown that the alpha 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine (CLON) releases growth hormone (GH) in conscious dogs, an effect abolished by the selective alpha 2-receptor antagonist yohimbine (YOH) and by reserpine, but not by the alpha 1-receptor antagonist prazosin (1). Clonidine 80-89 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 122-124 6141513-1 1984 In previous studies we have shown that the alpha 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine (CLON) releases growth hormone (GH) in conscious dogs, an effect abolished by the selective alpha 2-receptor antagonist yohimbine (YOH) and by reserpine, but not by the alpha 1-receptor antagonist prazosin (1). Clonidine 91-95 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 106-120 6141513-1 1984 In previous studies we have shown that the alpha 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine (CLON) releases growth hormone (GH) in conscious dogs, an effect abolished by the selective alpha 2-receptor antagonist yohimbine (YOH) and by reserpine, but not by the alpha 1-receptor antagonist prazosin (1). Clonidine 91-95 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 122-124 6697213-2 1984 In normotensive Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, AVP inhibited release of [3H]NA in a dose-dependent fashion, the magnitude and time course of inhibition at 10(-12)M AVP being similar to that observed using the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine at 10(-7) M. However, it is unlikely that AVP functions through alpha-receptors since its effect is not blocked by phentolamine (10(-6) M). Clonidine 257-266 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 65-68 6141513-2 1984 In the present work intravenous (iv) administration of CLON in conscious dogs evoked a dose-related rise in plasma GH at doses of 2-8 /micrograms/Kg, but not at 16 and 32 /micrograms/Kg. Clonidine 55-59 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 115-117 6141513-3 1984 Acute pretreatment with the selective inhibitor of norepinephrine (NE) synthesis, DU-18288, or with a potent antagonist of presynaptic alpha 2-receptors, mianserin abolished the GH rise induced by CLON (4 /micrograms/Kg iv). Clonidine 197-201 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 178-180 6398141-0 1984 Growth hormone response to clonidine is impaired in patients with central sympathetic degeneration. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 6320477-4 1984 However, 3 of the asthmatic subjects demonstrated marked hyper-responsiveness of the plasma GH levels after clonidine. Clonidine 108-117 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 92-94 6398141-7 1984 Clonidine-induced growth hormone release may be a potentially useful neuroendocrine marker indicating derangement of certain components of the central alpha-adrenergic system in man. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-32 6527749-1 1984 Clonidine, a central alpha-adrenergic agent and prophylactic antimigraine drug is known to stimulate human growth hormone (HGH) release and to suppress cortisol secretion. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 107-121 6386488-1 1984 The time courses of the changes in plasma growth hormone and noradrenaline concentrations in response to 15 min infusions of clonidine 0.2 mgs and guanfacine 2 mgs, were studied in six normal volunteers, in a double-blind, randomised, cross-over study. Clonidine 125-134 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 42-56 6745345-4 1984 Following Clonidine injection, both controls and VNAB animals showed major reductions in plasma AVP concentrations, but again the DNAB group behaved in a different manner, with a marked attenuation of the inhibitory effect of Clonidine on AVP secretion. Clonidine 226-235 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 239-242 6745345-7 1984 These data suggest that noradrenergic projections originating in the locus coeruleus, or in the lateral tegmental NA groups but which ascend together with coeruleal axons in the DNAB, modulate the vasopressin response to visceral stimuli and to Clonidine, and that they also play an important role in mediating the hypotensive effect of Clonidine. Clonidine 245-254 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 197-208 6745345-7 1984 These data suggest that noradrenergic projections originating in the locus coeruleus, or in the lateral tegmental NA groups but which ascend together with coeruleal axons in the DNAB, modulate the vasopressin response to visceral stimuli and to Clonidine, and that they also play an important role in mediating the hypotensive effect of Clonidine. Clonidine 337-346 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 197-208 6473616-0 1984 The dependence of the clonidine growth hormone test on alcohol drinking habits and the menstrual cycle. Clonidine 22-31 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 32-46 6473616-1 1984 The dependence of the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine (CLON) on alcohol drinking habits and on the menstrual cycle was investigated. Clonidine 65-69 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-36 6139733-8 1983 In contrast, clonidine decreased TH activity of light-exposed retinas, an effect that was reversed by yohimbine. Clonidine 13-22 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 33-35 6093177-1 1984 The growth hormone response to clonidine may be impaired in some patients with endogenous depression. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 6320028-0 1984 Effects of neonatal treatment with monosodium glutamate on growth hormone release induced by clonidine and prostaglandin E1 in conscious male rats. Clonidine 93-102 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 59-73 6320028-1 1984 Effects of the centrally acting alpha-adrenergic agonist, clonidine, on growth hormone (GH) secretion was studied in conscious male rats pretreated with monosodium glutamate (MSG) during the neonatal period. Clonidine 58-67 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 72-86 6325258-10 1983 In s-EH, clonidine caused a significant lowering of both blood pressure and PNE with a simultaneously marked increment of GH; on the other hand, in b-EH blood pressure and PNE did not change significantly in spite of the distinct rise of GH. Clonidine 9-18 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 122-124 6325258-10 1983 In s-EH, clonidine caused a significant lowering of both blood pressure and PNE with a simultaneously marked increment of GH; on the other hand, in b-EH blood pressure and PNE did not change significantly in spite of the distinct rise of GH. Clonidine 9-18 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 238-240 6316231-0 1983 [The role of beta endorphin in the antihypertensive action of clonidine, associated with sympathetic tonus decrease, in essential hypertension]. Clonidine 62-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-27 6400111-0 1983 Clonidine in unilateral renal artery stenosis and unilateral renal parenchymal disease--similar antihypertensive but different renin suppressive effects. Clonidine 0-9 renin Homo sapiens 127-132 6400111-2 1983 After clonidine blood pressure fell substantially in both groups, with the maximum fall in the fourth hour and effects persisting after 6 h. Levels of plasma renin activity were considerably higher in the renal artery stenosis patients and remained unchanged during the study; there was a progressive fall in levels in each of the patients with renal parenchymal disease. Clonidine 6-15 renin Homo sapiens 158-163 6688812-0 1983 Cholinergic receptor control mechanisms for L-dopa, apomorphine, and clonidine-induced growth hormone secretion in man. Clonidine 69-78 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 87-101 6642791-7 1983 PEP/LVET index was significantly increased by a higher dose of clonidine (p less than 0.05). Clonidine 63-72 progestagen associated endometrial protein Homo sapiens 0-3 6886930-0 1983 Low oral dose of clonidine: an effective test of growth hormone reserve. Clonidine 17-26 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-63 6356172-6 1983 The alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine (6.25 micrograms/kg, SC), which suppresses renin release from the kidney, attenuated serotonin-induced water intake. Clonidine 32-41 renin Rattus norvegicus 85-90 6314685-4 1983 Clonidine clearly reduced plasma ACTH, serum cortisol and renin activity. Clonidine 0-9 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 33-37 6137940-0 1983 Clonidine-induced growth hormone secretion in chronic schizophrenia. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-32 6314685-4 1983 Clonidine clearly reduced plasma ACTH, serum cortisol and renin activity. Clonidine 0-9 renin Homo sapiens 58-63 6302442-0 1983 Decreased secretion of cortisol and ACTH after oral clonidine administration in normal adults. Clonidine 52-61 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 6408329-0 1983 Studies of anterior pituitary-grafted rats: I. Abnormal prolactin response to thyrotropin releasing hormone, clonidine, insulin, and fasting. Clonidine 109-118 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 56-65 6408329-4 1983 In contrast after clonidine, which acts via the hypothalamus, the serum PRL rose to much higher levels in sham-operated rats than in rats bearing ectopic pituitary tissue. Clonidine 18-27 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 72-75 6136141-2 1983 Intravenous clonidine (0.15 mg in 10 min) induced a significant fall of plasma insulin and a marked increase of plasma GH. Clonidine 12-21 insulin Homo sapiens 79-86 6684057-3 1983 Pretreatment of the vas deferens with IAP (2.0 micrograms/ml) for 2 h however significantly attenuated the inhibitory effect of clonidine on ES-induced contractile responses, suggesting that feedback inhibition of presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors is mediated by the Ni subunit of presynaptic adenylate cyclase. Clonidine 128-137 Cd47 molecule Rattus norvegicus 38-41 6841564-0 1983 Effect of the benzodiazepine derivative, diazepam, on the clonidine-stimulated human growth hormone secretion. Clonidine 58-67 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 85-99 6302442-3 1983 The effect of clonidine upon ACTH and cortisol levels is not as clear, and both stimulatory and inhibitory effects have been reported. Clonidine 14-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 6839074-0 1983 Growth hormone response to clonidine in obsessive-compulsive patients. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 6684063-0 1983 Clonidine (Haemiton) as a reliable stimulus of growth hormone secretion in patients with short stature. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 47-61 6301291-9 1983 These data indicate that phenylephrine and clonidine act by different mechanisms and, taken together with previous studies, suggest that alpha 1- and alpha 2-stimulation utilize different excitation-contraction coupling mechanisms. Clonidine 43-52 adrenoceptor alpha 1D Homo sapiens 137-157 6300170-2 1983 Clonidine (300 micrograms daily) significantly increased plasma beta endorphin concentrations only in the hypertensive patients. Clonidine 0-9 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-78 6300170-3 1983 The significant linear correlation between the increase in plasma beta endorphin concentration and the decrease in blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) in these patients may point to the role of this endogenous opioid in the antihypertensive action of clonidine. Clonidine 260-269 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-80 6305451-4 1983 Postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptor sensitivity was assessed by determining the growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine before and during treatment. Clonidine 117-126 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 85-99 6337027-3 1983 These results suggest that the reduction of blood pressure in two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats may be due to reduced renin release through the action of clonidine, while in one-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats the sympathetic nervous activity may play little or no role in the maintenance of high blood pressure. Clonidine 159-168 renin Rattus norvegicus 123-128 6822130-1 1983 Although the principal actions of clonidine are linked to its centrally mediated suppression of sympathetic activity, its inhibition of the renin axis also may contribute to its antihypertensive effects. Clonidine 34-43 renin Homo sapiens 140-145 6822130-2 1983 In patients with essential hypertension studied in a clinical research center, clonidine-induced decreases in diastolic blood pressure and in plasma renin activity (PRA) correlated closely after one day of treatment, but not thereafter. Clonidine 79-88 renin Homo sapiens 149-154 6822130-3 1983 Moreover, high-renin patients experienced significantly greater blood pressure decrements than low-renin patients during the first day of treatment, but subsequent blood pressure decreases were equal in the two groups, confirming that the sympathoinhibitory action of clonidine is probably independent of the renin-angiotensin system. Clonidine 268-277 renin Homo sapiens 15-20 6827430-0 1983 Clonidine: an effective growth hormone-releasing agent. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 24-38 6129946-1 1983 The location and nature of the receptors in the brain on which clonidine acts to decrease renin secretion have been investigated in dogs. Clonidine 63-72 renin Canis lupus familiaris 90-95 6839074-1 1983 We have observed a lesser growth hormone response to intravenous clonidine administration in nine obsessive-compulsive disorder patients meeting research diagnostic criteria than in nine matched controls. Clonidine 65-74 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-40 6822130-7 1983 Thus, clonidine appears to have two separate actions on the renin-aldosterone axis: an early antirenin action primarily in high-renin patients, and a longer-term suppressive effect on aldosterone. Clonidine 6-15 renin Homo sapiens 60-65 6822130-7 1983 Thus, clonidine appears to have two separate actions on the renin-aldosterone axis: an early antirenin action primarily in high-renin patients, and a longer-term suppressive effect on aldosterone. Clonidine 6-15 renin Homo sapiens 97-102 6839074-3 1983 As blunted growth hormone responses to clonidine are also characteristic of affective disorder patients, these results support other observations of a psychobiologic affinity between these two groups and are also compatible with an association between increased presynaptic noradrenergic activity and decreased post-synaptic receptor responsiveness. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 11-25 6822132-2 1983 Rapid administration of clonidine (200 micrograms) produced significant falls (p less than 0.01) in mean blood pressure, plasma levels of norepinephrine, plasma renin activity and aldosterone in both groups of patients. Clonidine 24-33 renin Homo sapiens 161-166 6341443-0 1983 Failure of naloxone to modify the inhibitory effect of clonidine on insulin secretion. Clonidine 55-64 insulin Homo sapiens 68-75 6824960-5 1983 In view of the fact that clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist, has been shown to inhibit water intake induced by both isoproterenol and angiotensin II, the results suggest that the alpha 2-adrenoreceptor may play a role in modulating water intake induced by these two dipsogenic agents. Clonidine 25-34 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 144-158 6338454-0 1983 [The effect of naloxone on plasma renin activity in patients with essential hypertension treated with clonidine]. Clonidine 102-111 renin Homo sapiens 34-39 6628497-5 1983 The dose of clonidine per m2BSA able to reduce by 10% either SAP or DAP (active dose-10), and the dose able to reduce SAP or DAP by 10 mmHg in one minute (systolic or diastolic clonidine unit) were calculated, providing indices for detecting clonidine responsiveness in patients with exaggerated hypertension. Clonidine 12-21 SH2 domain containing 1A Homo sapiens 61-64 6628497-5 1983 The dose of clonidine per m2BSA able to reduce by 10% either SAP or DAP (active dose-10), and the dose able to reduce SAP or DAP by 10 mmHg in one minute (systolic or diastolic clonidine unit) were calculated, providing indices for detecting clonidine responsiveness in patients with exaggerated hypertension. Clonidine 12-21 death associated protein Homo sapiens 68-71 6628497-1 1983 Clonidine was administered by intravenous infusion to 12 patients classified as having exaggerated arterial hypertension, their systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP) arterial pressures were significantly reduced from the third min. Clonidine 0-9 SH2 domain containing 1A Homo sapiens 138-141 6129126-7 1982 In dogs treated with 6-hydroxydopamine, the decrease in blood pressure and ACTH and renin secretion produced by clonidine was not altered but the growth hormone response was reduced. Clonidine 112-121 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 75-79 6628497-1 1983 Clonidine was administered by intravenous infusion to 12 patients classified as having exaggerated arterial hypertension, their systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP) arterial pressures were significantly reduced from the third min. Clonidine 0-9 death associated protein Homo sapiens 155-158 6294278-5 1983 Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, produced a partial, non-dose-dependent inhibition of the YOH-induced rise in serum PRL levels. Clonidine 0-9 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 125-128 6137076-0 1983 [Changes in plasma dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity in patients with hypertension treated with clofelin]. Clonidine 97-105 dopamine beta-hydroxylase Homo sapiens 19-44 7160519-0 1982 [Effect of long-term administration of clonidine on growth hormone secretion in hypertensive diabetics]. Clonidine 39-48 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 52-66 7160519-3 1982 In chronic administration, the effects of clonidine on GH secretion are not well documented. Clonidine 42-51 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 55-57 7160519-6 1982 Blood glucose and GH values recorded before the intake and after stopping the drug, in the basal state, after meals, after measured muscular exercise and during the first stage of sleep could be superimposed when on and off clonidine. Clonidine 224-233 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-20 7160519-7 1982 The effects of prolonged administration of clonidine on GH secretion thus differ markedly from the effects of acute administration as in non diabetic subjects. Clonidine 43-52 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 56-58 6132343-11 1982 In pithed rats the pressor responses to both methoxamine and clonidine were antagonized by SK & F 64139 suggesting blockade of vascular alpha 1-and alpha 2-adrenoceptors by the PNMT inhibitor. Clonidine 61-70 phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 181-185 6129126-3 1982 Norepinephrine, epinephrine and clonidine, but not methoxamine and phenylephrine inhibited ACTH secretion. Clonidine 32-41 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 91-95 6129126-6 1982 Clonidine decreased plasma renin activity, but the other agonists increased it. Clonidine 0-9 renin Canis lupus familiaris 27-32 6129126-7 1982 In dogs treated with 6-hydroxydopamine, the decrease in blood pressure and ACTH and renin secretion produced by clonidine was not altered but the growth hormone response was reduced. Clonidine 112-121 renin Canis lupus familiaris 84-89 6293637-3 1982 The growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine was initially impaired, but increased significantly after one week of treatment. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 7044649-1 1982 Beta-adrenoceptor blockade increases serum K, which may be related to renin inhibition, hypoaldosteronism, and exercise-induced skeletal muscle release of serum K. We report on the dynamic and biochemical response to clonidine (C) after single (S) 0.2-mg and repeated (R) 0.1-mg bid doses of C to six normal subjects at rest, 2 hr after dosing and immediately before dynamic physical activity (DPA) on a treadmill, and at peak activity and 2 hr after DPA. Clonidine 217-226 renin Homo sapiens 70-75 6959166-1 1982 The effect of 4 to 6 weeks of treatment with the antidepressants, desmethylimipramine and amitriptyline, on the growth hormone response to clonidine was studied in 12 depressed patients. Clonidine 139-148 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 112-126 6959167-0 1982 Growth hormone response to clonidine unchanged by chronic clorgyline treatment. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 6959167-1 1982 The growth hormone (GH) response to the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine, was determined before and after chronic clorgyline treatment in 10 psychiatric patients. Clonidine 68-77 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 6959167-1 1982 The growth hormone (GH) response to the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine, was determined before and after chronic clorgyline treatment in 10 psychiatric patients. Clonidine 68-77 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 20-22 6286926-2 1982 This study was designed to examine the ability of clonidine to protect animals from the toxic manifestations of cholinesterase poisoning. Clonidine 50-59 butyrylcholinesterase Mus musculus 112-126 7154668-16 1982 These results suggest that relatively high doses of clonidine may be useful in treatment of alcohol with drawal in man: the drug could act as a sympatholytic and sedative central agent but could also decrease alcohol--induced diuresis by inhibition of vasopressin release. Clonidine 52-61 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 252-263 7040241-2 1982 Stimulation of active renin was accompanied by either an increase (low sodium diet), no change (pentobarbital anesthesia plus hemorrhage), or fall (pentobarbital anesthesia) in the plasma levels of inactive renin, while suppression of active renin was accompanied by a fall (high sodium diet) or mild but nonsignificant increases (clonidine or saline infusion) of the inactive enzyme. Clonidine 331-340 renin Rattus norvegicus 22-27 7093113-4 1982 administration: AUC -- 1046.7 ng ml-1 h; VdSS -- 190.71 and T1/2 4.2 h. 3 Clonidine was identified in plasma and urine samples following oral and i.v. Clonidine 74-83 interleukin 1 receptor like 1 Homo sapiens 60-68 6287513-1 1982 Clonidine was administered to nine psychiatric patients before and after chronic treatment (3 to 4 weeks) with clorgyline, a selective monoamine oxidase type A inhibitor with antidepressant efficacy. Clonidine 0-9 monoamine oxidase A Homo sapiens 135-159 7098488-12 1982 These results demonstrate that clonidine behaves as a partial agonist of the histamine H2-receptor in isolated guinea-pig atria. Clonidine 31-40 histamine H2 receptor Cavia porcellus 77-98 7037264-0 1982 Plasma clonidine in relation to blood pressure, catecholamines, and renin activity during long-term treatment of hypertension. Clonidine 7-16 renin Homo sapiens 68-73 6279050-4 1982 The ability of clonidine to increase growth hormone (GH) secretion was also assessed. Clonidine 15-24 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 37-51 7040621-0 1982 Oral clonidine-an effective growth hormone-releasing agent in prepubertal subjects. Clonidine 5-14 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 28-42 7040621-2 1982 The peak serum growth hormone values after insulin and clonidine were significantly higher than after metoclopramide administration. Clonidine 55-64 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 15-29 7040621-5 1982 Clonidine appears to be a reliable, sensitive, and safe out-patient stimulation test of growth hormone reserve in prepubertal children, whereas metoclopramide seems not to be a suitable growth hormone-releasing agent in this age group. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 88-102 6122590-2 1982 However, clonidine produced, by a phentolamine-sensitive mechanism, a concentration-related inhibition of release in the human vas deferens. Clonidine 9-18 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 127-130 6279050-4 1982 The ability of clonidine to increase growth hormone (GH) secretion was also assessed. Clonidine 15-24 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 53-55 6279050-6 1982 However, the GH response to clonidine was blunted in the depressed patients. Clonidine 28-37 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-15 6280179-2 1982 In addition, exposure of intact platelets to clonidine-NCS, followed by extensive washing, results in the loss of of epinephrine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing), EC 4.6.1.1] in frozen--thawed platelets and in purified platelet membranes. Clonidine 45-54 adenylate cyclase 10 Homo sapiens 179-202 6121049-7 1982 Clonidine inhibited the intestinal secretion induced by VIP or Bt2cAMP, whereas methoxamine did not. Clonidine 0-9 vasoactive intestinal peptide Rattus norvegicus 56-59 6281836-4 1982 The jumping elicited by TRH (20 mg/kg IP) in combination with apomorphine (0.25 mg/kg IP) was decreased by pretreatment with haloperidol (1 mg/kg IP), physostigmine (0.2 mg/kg IP) or phentolamine (10 mg/kg IP), unaffected by propranolol (10 mg/kg IP), and markedly increased by atropine (5 mg/kg IP) or clonidine (0.5 mg/kg IP). Clonidine 303-312 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 24-27 6756089-8 1982 The response to acute doses of clonidine on sedation, growth hormone release, blood pressure, and plasma MHPG levels may be predictive of eventual therapeutic response. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 54-68 6125282-6 1982 Clonidine and alpha methyldopa share a similar pattern of peripheral effects, including reductions in preganglionic sympathetic nerve traffic, bradycardia, decreases in plasma renin activity, reductions in blood pressure in the supine position and adverse effects such as depression, sedation and bad dreams. Clonidine 0-9 renin Homo sapiens 176-181 6291085-0 1982 Up- and down- regulation of central postsynaptic alpha 2 receptors reflected in the growth hormone response to clonidine in reserpine-pretreated rats. Clonidine 111-120 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 84-98 6291085-7 1982 The alpha receptor agonist clonidine (CLON) given to reserpine-pretreated animals induced a dose-dependent increase in plasma GH. Clonidine 27-36 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 126-128 6291085-7 1982 The alpha receptor agonist clonidine (CLON) given to reserpine-pretreated animals induced a dose-dependent increase in plasma GH. Clonidine 38-42 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 126-128 6283576-0 1982 Growth hormone response to clonidine as a probe of noradrenergic receptor responsiveness in affective disorder patients and controls. Clonidine 27-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 6283576-4 1982 A modest negative correlation was found between the plasma MHPG values and the magnitude of the GH responses to clonidine, although baseline plasma MHPG levels were not significantly different between patients and controls. Clonidine 112-121 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 96-98 6283576-5 1982 The diminished GH response to clonidine observed suggests that many depressed patients may have decreased alpha-adrenoreceptor responsiveness. Clonidine 30-39 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 15-17 7070209-0 1982 Development of clonidine-tolerance in the rat vas deferens: cross tolerance to other presynaptic inhibitory agents. Clonidine 15-24 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 46-49 7070209-4 1982 Electrically evoked twitch response of vas deferens was suppressed by adenosine, beta-endorphine and alpha 2-adrenergic agonists, such as clonidine and B-HT 933, both in control and clonidine-treated groups. Clonidine 138-147 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 39-42 7070209-4 1982 Electrically evoked twitch response of vas deferens was suppressed by adenosine, beta-endorphine and alpha 2-adrenergic agonists, such as clonidine and B-HT 933, both in control and clonidine-treated groups. Clonidine 182-191 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 39-42 7070209-5 1982 Vas deferens isolated from clonidine-treated rats showed significantly lower responsiveness to the inhibitory effects of clonidine and B-HT 933 compared to those from control rats. Clonidine 27-36 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 0-3 7070209-5 1982 Vas deferens isolated from clonidine-treated rats showed significantly lower responsiveness to the inhibitory effects of clonidine and B-HT 933 compared to those from control rats. Clonidine 121-130 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 0-3 7070209-6 1982 Vas deferens from clonidine-treated rats also was less responsive to adenosine and beta-endorphin, both of which interact with presynaptic inhibitory receptors other than alpha 2-adrenoceptors. Clonidine 18-27 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 0-3 6294718-1 1982 The growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine in reserpine-pretreated rats is a putative in vivo model to reflect activation of central postsynaptic alpha 2 receptors. Clonidine 36-45 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 4-18 6805018-0 1982 The effect of repeated electroconvulsive shocks on growth hormone secretion and growth hormone responses to clonidine in the intact rat. Clonidine 108-117 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 80-94 6281836-5 1982 The results suggest that TRH in combination with apomorphine, atropine or clonidine elicits jumping in which dopaminergic, cholinergic and noradrenergic functions are concomitantly involved. Clonidine 74-83 thyrotropin releasing hormone Mus musculus 25-28 6805018-6 1982 The GH response to IV clonidine (0.01--0.1 mg/kg) did not differ between the two groups. Clonidine 22-31 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 4-6 7304077-17 1981 Clonidine administration to hypopituitary dogs resulted in absent or poor GH increment. Clonidine 0-9 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 74-76 7030224-0 1981 Comparison of the intravenous insulin and oral clonidine tolerance tests for growth hormone secretion. Clonidine 47-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 77-91 7326582-0 1981 Antidipsogenic effect of clonidine on angiotensin II-, hypertonic saline-, pilocarpine- and dehydration-induced water intakes. Clonidine 25-34 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 38-52 7308974-0 1981 Effect of clonidine on growth hormone and glucagon secretion. Clonidine 10-19 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 23-37 7288630-1 1981 Both tolazoline and clonidine produce agonist effects sensitive to histamine H2-receptor antagonism in whole animals and a variety of isolated tissues. Clonidine 20-29 histamine H2 receptor Cavia porcellus 67-88 7340441-11 1981 All of them, except clonidine, and in contrast to NSAI drugs, were more potent on PAF-acether edema than on kaolin edema; a possible link between these agents is their ability to increase cyclic AMP levels in the cells and consequently to reduce lysosomal enzyme release. Clonidine 20-29 PCNA clamp associated factor Rattus norvegicus 82-85 7037921-2 1981 Clonidine, naloxone and CB-154 plus naloxone lowered insulin plasma levels; CB-154 alone caused only a slight reduction, whereas clonidine plus naloxone did not affect insulin secretion. Clonidine 0-9 insulin Homo sapiens 53-60 7289624-27 1981 These results suggest that clonidine-induced diuresis is related to inhibition of vasopressin (ADH) secretion. Clonidine 27-36 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 82-93 6268238-1 1981 To test the hypothesis the desipramine alters alpha adrenoceptor function in depressed patients, the effects of clonidine upon growth hormone sedation and blood pressure have been measured in depressed patients before and after treatment with desipramine. Clonidine 112-121 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 127-141 7283286-0 1981 [Oral clonidine test for growth hormone release (author"s transl)]. Clonidine 6-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 25-39 7283286-3 1981 Authors findings confirm that clonidine is a potent stimulus for growth hormone release, without relevant side effects. Clonidine 30-39 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 65-79 7283286-4 1981 In two children with short stature without endocrinological disturb, there was a partial failure to increase GH in response to clonidine. Clonidine 127-136 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 109-111 7205646-9 1981 The enhancement of bethanechol-induced secretion was blocked by pretreatment with cimetidine, suggesting histamine H2 receptor stimulation by clonidine. Clonidine 142-151 histamine receptor H 2 Rattus norvegicus 105-126 7283239-0 1981 Clonidine or xylazine as provocative tests for growth hormone secretion in the dog. Clonidine 0-9 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 47-61 6268238-3 1981 Growth hormone responses to clonidine were enhanced in five of the six patients but this effect was not statistically significant. Clonidine 28-37 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7219880-0 1981 Effects of the interaction between methysergide and clonidine on growth hormone and prolactin secretion in normal man. Clonidine 52-61 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 65-79 7219880-0 1981 Effects of the interaction between methysergide and clonidine on growth hormone and prolactin secretion in normal man. Clonidine 52-61 prolactin Homo sapiens 84-93 7015796-0 1981 Prolonged clonidine treatment: catecholamines, renin activity and aldosterone following exercise in hypertensives. Clonidine 10-19 renin Homo sapiens 47-52 7011348-0 1981 Changes in blood pressure, plasma catecholamines and plasma renin activity during and after treatment with tiamenidine and clonidine. Clonidine 123-132 renin Homo sapiens 60-65 6120802-0 1981 Inhibition of renin secretion by clonidine after alpha-adrenoceptor blockade in anesthetized dogs. Clonidine 33-42 renin Canis lupus familiaris 14-19 6120802-1 1981 Dogs anaesthetised with pentobarbital were used to study the effects of the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists phentolamine and piperoxan on the clonidine-induced suppression of plasma renin activity (PRA). Clonidine 141-150 renin Canis lupus familiaris 181-186 6120802-10 1981 These results demonstrate that the renin-lowering action of clonidine in the dog is not inhibited by two classical alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists. Clonidine 60-69 renin Canis lupus familiaris 35-40 7272645-1 1981 The growth hormone response to clonidine was significantly less in 10 drug-free patients with endogenous depression than in 10 normal subjects who were individually matched with the patients for age and sex. Clonidine 31-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 7333861-0 1981 Oral clonidine: an effective provocative test of growth hormone release. Clonidine 5-14 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-63 7333861-1 1981 The authors tested the efficiency of clonidine as a stimulant for growth hormone (GH) release in a group of 31 undersized children aged from four to fourteen years. Clonidine 37-46 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 66-80 7244057-0 1981 Enhanced growth hormone response to clonidine after repeated electroconvulsive shock in a primate species. Clonidine 36-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 9-23 6254720-0 1980 Absence of opiate and histamine H2 receptor-mediated effects of clonidine. Clonidine 64-73 histamine receptor H2 Homo sapiens 22-43 7004877-5 1980 In a second child with renin-induced hypertension since the firth month of life, treatment wiht hydralazine, clonidine and hydrochlorothiazide was in part effective, but failure to thrive was progressive. Clonidine 109-118 renin Homo sapiens 23-28 6163338-4 1980 When leukocytes were incubated simultaneously with D 4026 and a histamine H-2 receptor-stimulating drug (histamine or clonidine), the two drugs combined induced an inhibition significantly greater than the sum of their individual inhibitory effects. Clonidine 118-127 histamine receptor H2 Homo sapiens 64-86 6996898-7 1980 We conclude that CLON inhibits the catecholamine (but not the glucagon) rise during insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Clonidine 17-21 insulin Homo sapiens 84-91 7463946-1 1980 Clonidine, an antihypertensive drug that inhibits renin release and causes a water diuresis in normal animals, was tested for its ability to reduce the severity of post-ischemic acute renal failure produced in rabbits by clamping the left renal pedicle for 1 hour and removing the opposite kidney. Clonidine 0-9 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 50-55 7430898-4 1980 Clonidine, and alpha-adrenergic agonist, enhanced the peak of GH observed in the morning and caused a rapid increment of GH during the period when it was normally at basal levels. Clonidine 0-9 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 62-64 7430898-4 1980 Clonidine, and alpha-adrenergic agonist, enhanced the peak of GH observed in the morning and caused a rapid increment of GH during the period when it was normally at basal levels. Clonidine 0-9 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 121-123 7463946-4 1980 In vasopressin-treated rabbits, clonidine lessened renal failure observed 2 days after the ischemic insult despite the fact that in the immediate postischemic period it lowered total renal blood flow, produced hypotension, and did not bring about lower plasma renin levels. Clonidine 32-41 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: renin Oryctolagus cuniculus 260-265 6248808-0 1980 Sites at which clonidine acts to affect blood pressure and the secretion of renin, growth hormone and ACTH. Clonidine 15-24 renin Canis lupus familiaris 76-81 6248808-0 1980 Sites at which clonidine acts to affect blood pressure and the secretion of renin, growth hormone and ACTH. Clonidine 15-24 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 83-97 6248808-0 1980 Sites at which clonidine acts to affect blood pressure and the secretion of renin, growth hormone and ACTH. Clonidine 15-24 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 102-106 6248808-1 1980 To further define the sites in the brain at which clonidine acts to lower blood pressure, inhibit renin secretion, inhibit ACTH secretion, and stimulate growth hormone secretion, small doses of this drug were infused into the vertebral arteries, into the carotid arteries and intravenously in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. Clonidine 50-59 renin Canis lupus familiaris 98-103 6248808-1 1980 To further define the sites in the brain at which clonidine acts to lower blood pressure, inhibit renin secretion, inhibit ACTH secretion, and stimulate growth hormone secretion, small doses of this drug were infused into the vertebral arteries, into the carotid arteries and intravenously in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. Clonidine 50-59 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 123-127 6248808-1 1980 To further define the sites in the brain at which clonidine acts to lower blood pressure, inhibit renin secretion, inhibit ACTH secretion, and stimulate growth hormone secretion, small doses of this drug were infused into the vertebral arteries, into the carotid arteries and intravenously in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. Clonidine 50-59 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 153-167 6248808-3 1980 Intracarotid clonidine, 2 microgram/kg, decreased plasma ACTH and corticoids and increased plasma growth hormone, whereas the same dose had no effect on these hormones when given intravenously or when given intravertebrally after occlusion of the basilar artery. Clonidine 13-22 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 57-61 6248808-3 1980 Intracarotid clonidine, 2 microgram/kg, decreased plasma ACTH and corticoids and increased plasma growth hormone, whereas the same dose had no effect on these hormones when given intravenously or when given intravertebrally after occlusion of the basilar artery. Clonidine 13-22 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 98-112 6248808-6 1980 Intracarotid and intravertebral clonidine decreased plasma renin activity whereas in this dose intravenous clonidine did not. Clonidine 32-41 renin Canis lupus familiaris 59-64 6248808-8 1980 The data support the conclusion that clonidine acts rostral to the pons to decrease ACTH secretion and increase growth hormone secretion, whereas it acts on the medulla or adjacent hindbrain to lower blood pressure. Clonidine 37-46 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 84-88 6248808-8 1980 The data support the conclusion that clonidine acts rostral to the pons to decrease ACTH secretion and increase growth hormone secretion, whereas it acts on the medulla or adjacent hindbrain to lower blood pressure. Clonidine 37-46 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 112-126 6248808-10 1980 The data confirm the observation that clonidine acts on the brain to inhibit renin secretion, and establish that the renin-inhibiting site is different from the blood pressure-lowering site. Clonidine 38-47 renin Canis lupus familiaris 77-82 7363084-10 1980 The effect of clonidine on plasma DBH was strongly dependent on the basal enzyme level. Clonidine 14-23 dopamine beta-hydroxylase Felis catus 34-37 7004088-0 1980 Effects of clonidine, guanethidine and furosemide on the development of vasopressin hypertension in rat. Clonidine 11-20 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 72-83 6932063-3 1980 Serum PRL was significantly decreased during opiate withdrawal and after clonidine reversal of withdrawal symptoms when compared to serum PRL measured in the drug-free baseline samples. Clonidine 73-82 prolactin Homo sapiens 6-9 6111990-1 1980 In their experimental researches the Authors showed that the well-known antihypertensive alpha-adrenergic stimulant drugs (clonidine, flutonidine and guanabenz) were able to antagonize at very high concentrations the platelet aggregation induced by ADP and by thrombin on rabbit PRP. Clonidine 123-132 prothrombin Oryctolagus cuniculus 260-268 6789312-7 1980 On the other hand, ti was found that TRH enhanced the stimulating effect of LSD and, especially, of clonidine on the flexor reflex. Clonidine 100-109 thyrotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 37-40 6111990-1 1980 In their experimental researches the Authors showed that the well-known antihypertensive alpha-adrenergic stimulant drugs (clonidine, flutonidine and guanabenz) were able to antagonize at very high concentrations the platelet aggregation induced by ADP and by thrombin on rabbit PRP. Clonidine 123-132 major prion protein Oryctolagus cuniculus 279-282 6251501-0 1980 Effect of clonidine on growth hormone release in psychiatric patients and controls. Clonidine 10-19 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 23-37 6991409-0 1980 Suppression of stimulated plasma renin by clonidine in the dog. Clonidine 42-51 renin Canis lupus familiaris 33-38 6991409-1 1980 The mechanism by which clonidine suppresses plasma renin activity (PRA) was investigated in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital. Clonidine 23-32 renin Canis lupus familiaris 51-56 6991409-7 1980 These results indicate that clonidine reduces stimulated renin by a central mechanism that is dependent upon the integrity of the sympathetic innervation of the kidney. Clonidine 28-37 renin Canis lupus familiaris 57-62 6991409-8 1980 Other stimuli for renin release may override the inhibitory effect of central clonidine. Clonidine 78-87 renin Canis lupus familiaris 18-23 6251501-1 1980 The stimulation of human growth hormone (HGH) release by clonidine (0.15 mg i.v.) Clonidine 57-66 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 25-39 6991668-9 1980 Clonidine (10 muM) and oxymetazoline (10 muM) constricted the renal vasculature and stimulated renin release during high perfusate albumin concentration providing perfusion pressure was kept constant.6. Clonidine 0-9 renin Rattus norvegicus 95-100 6251998-0 1980 Enhanced growth hormone response to clonidine in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Clonidine 36-45 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 9-23 6251998-3 1980 The GH response to clonidine was significantly higher in SH rats than in controls, indicating that in SH rats the responsiveness of post-synaptic alpha-adrenergic structures in the hypothalamus may be increased. Clonidine 19-28 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 4-6 6103636-0 1980 Evidence for a histamine H2-receptor involvement in clonidine"s antihypertensive effects during multiple dosing. Clonidine 52-61 histamine receptor H2 Homo sapiens 15-36 7357832-2 1980 In an attempt to test the hypothesis of a derangement in central catecholaminergic function in hypertensive patients, the serum growth hormone and prolactin responses to the alpha-adrenergic agonist clonidine (0.15 mg infused intravenously) and to L-dopa administration (500 mg orally) were evaluated in 15 hypertensive and 15 normotensive subjects matched for sex, age and body weight. Clonidine 199-208 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 128-142 7357832-2 1980 In an attempt to test the hypothesis of a derangement in central catecholaminergic function in hypertensive patients, the serum growth hormone and prolactin responses to the alpha-adrenergic agonist clonidine (0.15 mg infused intravenously) and to L-dopa administration (500 mg orally) were evaluated in 15 hypertensive and 15 normotensive subjects matched for sex, age and body weight. Clonidine 199-208 prolactin Homo sapiens 147-156 7357832-4 1980 Whereas L-dopa elicited a growth hormone response of similar magnitude in both groups, clonidine infusion induced a significant increase in serum growth hormone in normotensive, but not in hypertensive, subjects. Clonidine 87-96 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 146-160 7401402-1 1980 Repeated administrations of clonidine to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) markedly lowered dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity in the locus coeruleus (LC) and increased it in the spinal intermediolateral cell column (IML), while alpha-methyldopa tended to lower the enzyme activity in the medullary nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) and A1 cell areas. Clonidine 28-37 dopamine beta-hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 96-121 7401402-1 1980 Repeated administrations of clonidine to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) markedly lowered dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity in the locus coeruleus (LC) and increased it in the spinal intermediolateral cell column (IML), while alpha-methyldopa tended to lower the enzyme activity in the medullary nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) and A1 cell areas. Clonidine 28-37 dopamine beta-hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 123-126 7401402-3 1980 Clonidine and hydralazine significantly lowered phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) activity elevated in the nucleus hypothalamicus posterior (NHP) of SHR to the level of KWR, and both drugs or alpha-methyldopa consistently increased PNMT in the nucleus paraventricularis (NPA). Clonidine 0-9 phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 48-86 7401402-3 1980 Clonidine and hydralazine significantly lowered phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) activity elevated in the nucleus hypothalamicus posterior (NHP) of SHR to the level of KWR, and both drugs or alpha-methyldopa consistently increased PNMT in the nucleus paraventricularis (NPA). Clonidine 0-9 phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 88-92 7401402-3 1980 Clonidine and hydralazine significantly lowered phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) activity elevated in the nucleus hypothalamicus posterior (NHP) of SHR to the level of KWR, and both drugs or alpha-methyldopa consistently increased PNMT in the nucleus paraventricularis (NPA). Clonidine 0-9 phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 244-248 7401402-5 1980 In conclusion, clonidine selectively lowers DBH activity in the LC, while alpha-methyldopa appears to decrease the enzyme activity in the medullary NTS and A1 cell areas, suggesting different sites of action of both drugs. Clonidine 15-24 dopamine beta-hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 44-47 6989768-0 1980 The effect of clonidine on renin and aldosterone of hypertensive patients. Clonidine 14-23 renin Homo sapiens 27-32 6768672-3 1980 In blood obtained while the patients were supine and then erect, plasma renin activity and norepinephrine levels were significantly lowered after clonidine therapy. Clonidine 146-155 renin Homo sapiens 72-77 6989768-6 1980 CONCLUSIONS: In our normal and low renin patients the antihypertensive action of clonidine is neither predicted by basal PRA and urinary aldosterone values nor explained by their changes. Clonidine 81-90 renin Homo sapiens 35-40 6154836-2 1980 During treatment of hypertensive patients with clonidine, renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate are well maintained, and renin secretion is reduced. Clonidine 47-56 renin Homo sapiens 131-136 119798-0 1979 Suppression of clonidine-induced release of growth hormone by thyrotropin releasing hormone in humans. Clonidine 15-24 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 44-58 7346736-1 1980 The cardiovascular response to dynamic exercise is compared in 16 normotensive control adolescents (C), 15 untreated hypertensive (H) adolescents, and 14 hypertensive adolescents on clonidine therapy (HRx) for blood pressure control. Clonidine 182-191 HRX Homo sapiens 201-204 7346736-6 1980 Our results indicate that H and HRx adolescents have higher SBP and HR at rest and exercise consistent with a hyperkinetic circulatory state; DBP response to exercise is normal in H adolescents; and, clonidine in HRx lowered baseline HR and blood pressure but did not alter a normal exercise response. Clonidine 200-209 HRX Homo sapiens 32-35 7346736-6 1980 Our results indicate that H and HRx adolescents have higher SBP and HR at rest and exercise consistent with a hyperkinetic circulatory state; DBP response to exercise is normal in H adolescents; and, clonidine in HRx lowered baseline HR and blood pressure but did not alter a normal exercise response. Clonidine 200-209 HRX Homo sapiens 213-216 498699-6 1979 Long-term clonidine therapy resulted in decreased MAP and RVR associated with the suppression of supine but not upright PRA. Clonidine 10-19 nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 2 Homo sapiens 58-61 498699-9 1979 Our findings suggest a role for PRA in modulating RVR during long-term clonidine therapy. Clonidine 71-80 nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 2 Homo sapiens 50-53 119798-0 1979 Suppression of clonidine-induced release of growth hormone by thyrotropin releasing hormone in humans. Clonidine 15-24 thyrotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 62-91 119798-1 1979 A single oral dose of clonidine (0.15 mg), a selective alpha-adrenergic stimulating agent, was able to increase plasma growth hormone (GH) levels (above 5 ng/ml) in 6 out of 7 normal men tested. Clonidine 22-31 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 119-133 119798-1 1979 A single oral dose of clonidine (0.15 mg), a selective alpha-adrenergic stimulating agent, was able to increase plasma growth hormone (GH) levels (above 5 ng/ml) in 6 out of 7 normal men tested. Clonidine 22-31 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 135-137 119798-3 1979 When oral clonidine administration was associated to a slow thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) infusion (1 mg dissolved in 400 ml of 0.9% saline solution, at a constant rate during 150 min) the plasma GH response was significantly inhibited when compared with that observed after clonidine alone. Clonidine 10-19 thyrotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 60-89 119798-3 1979 When oral clonidine administration was associated to a slow thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) infusion (1 mg dissolved in 400 ml of 0.9% saline solution, at a constant rate during 150 min) the plasma GH response was significantly inhibited when compared with that observed after clonidine alone. Clonidine 10-19 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 202-204 119798-3 1979 When oral clonidine administration was associated to a slow thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) infusion (1 mg dissolved in 400 ml of 0.9% saline solution, at a constant rate during 150 min) the plasma GH response was significantly inhibited when compared with that observed after clonidine alone. Clonidine 281-290 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 202-204 32359-7 1979 Pretreatments with the histamine H2-receptor antagonists metiamide and cimetidine antagonized clonidine but not adrenaline-induced hypotension. Clonidine 94-103 histamine receptor H 2 Rattus norvegicus 23-44 228318-0 1979 Clonidine reverses the amnesia induced by dopamine beta hydroxylase inhibition. Clonidine 0-9 dopamine beta hydroxylase Mus musculus 42-67 94621-5 1979 All drugs except d-propranolol and H 35/25, a selective beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, enhanced the bradycardic action of clonidine. Clonidine 123-132 adrenoceptor beta 2 Rattus norvegicus 56-75 475475-0 1979 Effect of intravenous or intracisternal clonidine and propranolol on plasma renin. Clonidine 40-49 renin Canis lupus familiaris 76-81 32370-0 1979 Effect of metiamide, a histamine H2-receptor antagonist on the clonidine-induced decrease in rat brain noradrenaline turnover. Clonidine 63-72 histamine receptor H 2 Rattus norvegicus 23-44 707522-0 1978 Role of renin and aldosterone suppression in the antihypertensive mechanism of clonidine. Clonidine 79-88 renin Homo sapiens 8-13 746049-0 1978 Effect of clonidine, amphetamine, and their combinations on the locomotor activity of CD-1 and C57BL/6 mice. Clonidine 10-19 CD1 antigen complex Mus musculus 86-90 746049-2 1978 In CD-1 mice clonidine did not depress exploratory activity but did elevate the basal locomotor activity of animals both non-habituated and habituated to testing conditions. Clonidine 13-22 CD1 antigen complex Mus musculus 3-7 687501-2 1978 2 Clonidine disposition could be described by a two compartment open model and pharmacokinetic parameters show a rapid distribution phase of 20--30 min and a mean plasma clearance of 4.6 ml min-1 kg-1 (75--200 microgram). Clonidine 2-11 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 190-200 30636-0 1978 Effect of chronic clonidine treatment and withdrawal on tyrosine hydroxylase activity in peripheral ganglia and the locus coeruleus. Clonidine 18-27 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 56-76 30636-2 1978 After three weeks of chronic oral administration of clonidine, tyrosine hydroxylase (TOH) activity was unchanged in superior cervical ganglia and locus coeruleus, but was reduced (45%) in the celiac ganglia. Clonidine 52-61 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 63-83 30636-2 1978 After three weeks of chronic oral administration of clonidine, tyrosine hydroxylase (TOH) activity was unchanged in superior cervical ganglia and locus coeruleus, but was reduced (45%) in the celiac ganglia. Clonidine 52-61 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 85-88 79298-1 1978 Antigen-induced IgE-mediated release of histamine from human leukocytes, an in vitro model of allergic reactions, was blocked by imidazole and imidazole-compounds such as oxymetazoline and clonidine. Clonidine 189-198 immunoglobulin heavy constant epsilon Homo sapiens 16-19 28415-8 1978 Only plasma renin activity showed a significantly greater elevation during withdrawal of the high dose of clonidine. Clonidine 106-115 renin Rattus norvegicus 12-17 208038-0 1978 [The effect of clonidin (Haemiton) on plasma renin level and angiotensin sensitivity in man]. Clonidine 15-23 renin Homo sapiens 45-50 700917-0 1978 Effect of clonidine (Haemiton) on plasma renin level and angiotensin sensitivity in man. Clonidine 10-19 renin Homo sapiens 41-46 700917-1 1978 The effect of clonidine and of clonidine + spironolactone on renin activity and angiotensin sensitivity has been studied in 15 persons. Clonidine 31-40 renin Homo sapiens 61-66 727216-0 1978 Renin stimulation during clonidine therapy in "low renin" essential hypertension. Clonidine 25-34 renin Homo sapiens 0-5 727216-0 1978 Renin stimulation during clonidine therapy in "low renin" essential hypertension. Clonidine 25-34 renin Homo sapiens 51-57 727216-1 1978 Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured during the administration of clonidine (0.1 mg twice daily) to 11 patients with essential hypertension. Clonidine 70-79 renin Homo sapiens 7-12 727216-4 1978 In contrast, in a small group of "normal renin" patients (n = 4), PRA did not change significantly but tended to decrease on clonidine therapy from 9.2 +/- 3.4 at control to 3.3 +/- 2.0 at one week, 3.4 +/- 0.6 at four weeks, and 4.7 +/- 1.7 ng Al/ml/hr at eight weeks. Clonidine 125-134 renin Homo sapiens 41-46 727216-7 1978 Previous studies have implicated alpha-adrenergic receptors as the site of clonidine actions on blood pressure and renin release. Clonidine 75-84 renin Homo sapiens 115-120 641212-0 1978 The effects of clonidine and propranolol, separately and in combination, on blood pressure and plasma renin activity in essential hypertension. Clonidine 15-24 renin Homo sapiens 102-107 707001-6 1978 Acute insulin response (3 min after IVGTT) and insulin release (area between 0 and 10 min) were significantly reduced after clonidine treatment. Clonidine 124-133 insulin Homo sapiens 6-13 707001-6 1978 Acute insulin response (3 min after IVGTT) and insulin release (area between 0 and 10 min) were significantly reduced after clonidine treatment. Clonidine 124-133 insulin Homo sapiens 47-54 212772-0 1978 Clonidine-induced increase in serum growth hormone: possible role of epinephrine-mediated synapses. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 36-50 217617-4 1978 The iv administration of 10 microgram/kg clonidine, but not saline, produced a rapid and significant reduction in serum PRL levels. Clonidine 41-50 prolactin Homo sapiens 120-123 217617-5 1978 PRL levels were significantly reduced +15, +30, and +60 min after the clonidine infusion. Clonidine 70-79 prolactin Homo sapiens 0-3 217617-6 1978 Pretreatment with a bolus of 10 microgram/kg clonidine at -15 min caused a significant attenuation of the piperoxane-induced elevation in serum PRL in two monkeys. Clonidine 45-54 prolactin Homo sapiens 144-147 648588-0 1978 Mechanism of inhibition of renin release by clonidine in rats. Clonidine 44-53 renin Rattus norvegicus 27-32 648588-1 1978 In anaesthetized rats, the intracisternal injection of clonidine (1 microgram/kg) reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP), increased plasma renin concentration (PRC) while naphazoline (5 microgram/kg) was ineffective. Clonidine 55-64 renin Rattus norvegicus 137-142 648588-6 1978 clonidine and naphazoline reduce renin release through activation of alpha-adrenoceptors within the kidney. Clonidine 0-9 renin Rattus norvegicus 33-38 26032-0 1978 Clonidine-induced hypotension: further evidence for a central interaction with histamine H2 receptor antagonists in the rat. Clonidine 0-9 histamine receptor H 2 Rattus norvegicus 79-100 206850-1 1978 To determine whether the inhibitory effect of clonidine (CLON) on renin secretion is due in part to a direct action on the kidneys or due entirely to an action on the brain, the drug was administered intravenously in a dose of 30 microgram/kg to dogs in which the spinal cord had been transected in the cervical region. Clonidine 46-55 renin Canis lupus familiaris 66-71 620441-0 1978 Mechanism of suppression of renin secretion by clonidine in the dog. Clonidine 47-56 renin Canis lupus familiaris 28-33 620441-1 1978 The mechanism by which clonidine suppresses renin secretion was investigated in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs in which renal perfusion pressure was controlled by means of an aortic clamp. Clonidine 23-32 renin Canis lupus familiaris 44-49 620441-2 1978 Clonidine (30 microgram/kg, iv) lowered mean arterial pressure (MAP) from 124 +/- 8 to 104 +/- 4 mm Hg (P less than 0.01) and reduced plasma renin activity (PRA) to 32 +/- 4 percent of the control value (P less than 0.01) after 60 minutes. Clonidine 0-9 renin Canis lupus familiaris 141-146 620441-8 1978 Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that the inhibition of renin secretion by clonidine results from a centrally mediated decrease in sympathetic neural activity. Clonidine 92-101 renin Canis lupus familiaris 73-78 206850-1 1978 To determine whether the inhibitory effect of clonidine (CLON) on renin secretion is due in part to a direct action on the kidneys or due entirely to an action on the brain, the drug was administered intravenously in a dose of 30 microgram/kg to dogs in which the spinal cord had been transected in the cervical region. Clonidine 57-61 renin Canis lupus familiaris 66-71 746771-0 1978 [The effect of clonidine on the renin production system]. Clonidine 15-24 renin Homo sapiens 32-37 71600-8 1977 Thus, sodium depletion stimulates total renin release, while propranolol and clonidine produce divergent responses of active renin and prorenin, the changes in prorenin depending on the changes induced in blood-pressure. Clonidine 77-86 renin Homo sapiens 125-130 191299-4 1977 The centrally active alpha-adrenergic agonist clonidine decreases renin secretion, lowers blood pressure, inhibits ACTH and vasopressin secretion, and increases growth hormone secretion in dogs. Clonidine 46-55 renin Canis lupus familiaris 66-71 928858-0 1977 [The effects of clonidine on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in patients with hypertension]. Clonidine 16-25 renin Homo sapiens 33-38 872520-6 1977 Resting supine plasma renin activity before dosing was 0-95+/-0-16 pmol of angiotensin I h-1 ml-1 of plasma and rose significantly after clonidine to 3-50+/-0-39 pmol of angiotensin I h-1 ml-1 of plasma at 6 h. By 12 h plasma renin activity had returned to control values. Clonidine 137-146 renin Homo sapiens 22-27 852501-0 1977 Further evidence for central histamine H2-receptor involvement in the hypotensive effect of clonidine in the rat. Clonidine 92-101 histamine receptor H 2 Rattus norvegicus 29-50 884512-0 1977 Effects of apomorphine and clonidine on rat plasma growth hormone after pretreatment with reserpine and electroconvulsive shocks. Clonidine 27-36 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 51-65 191299-4 1977 The centrally active alpha-adrenergic agonist clonidine decreases renin secretion, lowers blood pressure, inhibits ACTH and vasopressin secretion, and increases growth hormone secretion in dogs. Clonidine 46-55 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 115-119 402524-0 1977 The influence of estrogen on plasma prolactin levels induced by thyrotrophin releasing hormone (IRH), clonidine and serotonin in ovariectomized rats. Clonidine 102-111 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 36-45 14759-0 1977 Interaction between histamine H2-receptor antagonists and the hypotensive effects of clonidine in rats [proceedings]. Clonidine 85-94 histamine receptor H 2 Rattus norvegicus 20-41 343894-1 1977 Clonidine, propranolol, bethanidine and debrisoquine effectively decrease blood pressure by suppressing renin secretion or interfering with function of the sympathetic nervous system. Clonidine 0-9 renin Homo sapiens 104-109 11370235-4 1976 Clonidine, an alpha-agonist which penetrates the brain, increased plasma growth hormone secretion. Clonidine 0-9 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 73-87 401703-0 1977 Clonidine in primary hypertension: effects on blood pressure, plasma renin activity, plasma and urinary aldosterone. Clonidine 0-9 renin Homo sapiens 69-74 1000443-0 1976 Effects of long-term administration of clonidine on plasma renin activity. Clonidine 39-48 renin Homo sapiens 59-64 1000443-6 1976 Nonetheless, clonidine cannot generally be classified as a "renin-inhibiting" drug. Clonidine 13-22 renin Homo sapiens 60-65 1071584-0 1976 Effects of carotid occlusion and clonidine on renin secretion in anaesthetized dogs. Clonidine 33-42 renin Canis lupus familiaris 46-51 1071584-5 1976 Administration of clonidine decreased plasma renin activity, arterial pressure and heart rate and blocked the renin secretory and blood pressure responses to carotid occlusion. Clonidine 18-27 renin Canis lupus familiaris 45-50 1071584-5 1976 Administration of clonidine decreased plasma renin activity, arterial pressure and heart rate and blocked the renin secretory and blood pressure responses to carotid occlusion. Clonidine 18-27 renin Canis lupus familiaris 110-115 1071584-7 1976 These results support the hypothesis that the suppression of renin secretion by clonidine is a consequence of the decrease in sympathetic activity produced by this drug. Clonidine 80-89 renin Canis lupus familiaris 61-66 11370235-7 1976 The increase in plasma growth hormone concentration produced by intravenous L-dopa and clonidine was prevented by administration of phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine directly into the third ventricle. Clonidine 87-96 somatotropin Canis lupus familiaris 23-37 5201-1 1976 The mechanism by which clonidine suppresses renin release was investigated in conscious rats. Clonidine 23-32 renin Rattus norvegicus 44-49 998518-1 1976 In 18 hypertensive patients receiving a constant (100 mEq/day) sodium diet, treatment with clonidine (0.3 mg/day for 5 days) decreased blood pressure in 11 patients with high and normal renin levels and 7 with low renin levels. Clonidine 91-100 renin Homo sapiens 186-191 998518-1 1976 In 18 hypertensive patients receiving a constant (100 mEq/day) sodium diet, treatment with clonidine (0.3 mg/day for 5 days) decreased blood pressure in 11 patients with high and normal renin levels and 7 with low renin levels. Clonidine 91-100 renin Homo sapiens 214-219 998518-5 1976 Thus, two mechanisms of action of clonidine are possible, one related to acute inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system in patients with high and normal renin levels and another that is independent of renin mechanisms and occurs in all hypertensive patients. Clonidine 34-43 renin Homo sapiens 97-102 998518-5 1976 Thus, two mechanisms of action of clonidine are possible, one related to acute inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system in patients with high and normal renin levels and another that is independent of renin mechanisms and occurs in all hypertensive patients. Clonidine 34-43 renin Homo sapiens 155-160 998518-5 1976 Thus, two mechanisms of action of clonidine are possible, one related to acute inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system in patients with high and normal renin levels and another that is independent of renin mechanisms and occurs in all hypertensive patients. Clonidine 34-43 renin Homo sapiens 155-160 998518-11 1976 Thus, the antirenin effect of clonidine enhances its antihypertensive action not only by acutely ablating renin-angiotensin pressor mechanisms, but also by inhibiting aldosterone production and thereby minimizing longer-term reactive volume retention during treatment. Clonidine 30-39 renin Homo sapiens 14-19 11370227-4 1976 Intravenous or centrally administered clonidine inhibited stress-induced ACTH secretion, whereas centrally administered apomorphine did not. Clonidine 38-47 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 73-77 998518-0 1976 Renin and aldosterone suppression in the antihypertensive action of clonidine. Clonidine 68-77 renin Homo sapiens 0-5 5201-4 1976 Clonidine administration suppressed basal (by 68-85%), diuretic-induced (by 89%), and sympathetic nervous system-mediated (by 75-100%) renin release. Clonidine 0-9 renin Rattus norvegicus 135-140 5201-6 1976 These results indicate a peripheral site of action for suppression of renin release by clonidine. Clonidine 87-96 renin Rattus norvegicus 70-75 5201-7 1976 The alpha-adrenergic blocking drug phentolamine prevented clonidine suppression of renin release in sodium-depleted rats and was partially effective in normal rats. Clonidine 58-67 renin Rattus norvegicus 83-88 5201-8 1976 Phentolamine blocked the decrease in renin caused by clonidine in ganglion-blocked rats. Clonidine 53-62 renin Rattus norvegicus 37-42 5201-9 1976 Clozapine, a new neuroleptic agent with alpha-adrenergic blocking activity, or phenoxybenzamine blocked the effect of clonidine on renin release in both sodium-depleted and normal rats. Clonidine 118-127 renin Rattus norvegicus 131-136 5201-10 1976 After ganglionic blockade in sodium-depleted rats, clonidine caused a significantly greater suppression of renin release than did an equipressor dose of methoxamine. Clonidine 51-60 renin Rattus norvegicus 107-112 5201-11 1976 These data, combined with hemodynamic correlates, suggest that clonidine inhibits renin release by activation of an intrarenal alpha-adrenergic receptor. Clonidine 63-72 renin Rattus norvegicus 82-87 1263403-0 1976 [The effect of clonidine on renin-release (author"s transl)]. Clonidine 15-24 renin Homo sapiens 28-33 1269672-1 1976 Intravenous injection of 0.1 mg/kg clonidine into rats under urethane anaesthesia induced a prompt and long-lasting release of growth hormone, estimated by radioimmunoassay (IRGH), which could be abolished by 0.2 mg/kg phentolamine given into the 3rd ventricle. Clonidine 35-44 gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor Rattus norvegicus 127-141 1263403-1 1976 In patients with primary hypertension, intravenous administration of 150 mug Clonidin caused a decrease in arterial pressure, renin activity, RPF, GFR and electrolyte excretion. Clonidine 77-85 renin Homo sapiens 126-131 1278061-7 1976 By contrast to the minimal effects on the reflex with propranolol, the EP-related rise in TPR was attenuated by clonidine. Clonidine 112-121 nucleoprotein TPR Oryctolagus cuniculus 90-93 1184719-1 1975 Clonidine (0.15 mg iv), a selective noradrenergic receptor agonist, increased serum growth hormone (GH) levels (greater than 6 ng/ml) on 8 out of 12 administrations to 6 normal men. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 84-98 1236608-8 1975 Since the vasoconstrictor effect of clonidine is considered to be due to alpha-adrenergic stimulation, this observation is similar to a previous study reporting suppression of renin secretion by vasoconstrictor infusions of catecholamines (Vandongen & Peart, 1974). Clonidine 36-45 renin Rattus norvegicus 176-181 1236608-10 1975 These studies demonstrate a direct intrarenal inhibitory effect of clonidine on renin secretion. Clonidine 67-76 renin Rattus norvegicus 80-85 1192571-3 1975 The plasma renin activity of normal and sodium-depleted rats was reduced after the administration of clonidine (100 mug/kg, iv) by 22.8% and 34.4%, respectively. Clonidine 101-110 renin Rattus norvegicus 11-16 1192571-8 1975 The data presented in this paper are consistent with the conclusion that clonidine acts at some site in the sympathetic nervous system of sodium-depleted rats to inhibit renal nerve activity with a resultant suppression of renin secretion and a reduction of the angiotensin II-maintained arterial blood pressure. Clonidine 73-82 renin Rattus norvegicus 223-228 1192571-8 1975 The data presented in this paper are consistent with the conclusion that clonidine acts at some site in the sympathetic nervous system of sodium-depleted rats to inhibit renal nerve activity with a resultant suppression of renin secretion and a reduction of the angiotensin II-maintained arterial blood pressure. Clonidine 73-82 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 262-276 1236608-0 1975 The inhibition of renin secretion in the isolated rat kidney by clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres). Clonidine 64-87 renin Rattus norvegicus 18-23 1236608-0 1975 The inhibition of renin secretion in the isolated rat kidney by clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres). Clonidine 89-97 renin Rattus norvegicus 18-23 1236608-2 1975 The effect of clonidine HCl on basal and isoprenaline-stimulated renin secretion was examined in the isolated rat kidney. Clonidine 14-27 renin Rattus norvegicus 65-70 1236608-4 1975 Intrarenal infusion of clonidine at a dose level which did not increase renal perfusion pressure (1.9 nmol min-1 g-1), significantly lowered basal renin secretion without altering the stimulatory response to isoprenaline. Clonidine 23-32 renin Rattus norvegicus 147-152 1236608-6 1975 Increasing the dose of clonidine (3.4 nmol min-1 g-1) raised renal perfusion pressure, lowered perfusate flow rate and attenuated the response in renin secretion to isoprenaline. Clonidine 23-32 renin Rattus norvegicus 146-151 1184719-1 1975 Clonidine (0.15 mg iv), a selective noradrenergic receptor agonist, increased serum growth hormone (GH) levels (greater than 6 ng/ml) on 8 out of 12 administrations to 6 normal men. Clonidine 0-9 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 100-102 1155220-0 1975 Plasma renin activity, blood pressure and sodium excretion during treatment with clonidine. Clonidine 81-90 renin Homo sapiens 7-12 1120965-0 1975 Studies concerning the mechanism of suppression of renin secretion by clonidine. Clonidine 70-79 renin Canis lupus familiaris 51-56 802649-10 1975 With reserpine and clonidine, heart rate and plasma renin activity were significantly decreased, whereas plasma aldosterone did not change significantly. Clonidine 19-28 renin Homo sapiens 52-57 1171051-6 1975 The isolated guinea-pig vas deferens contracted when treated with clonidine, and this contraction was inhibited in the reserpinized preparation. Clonidine 66-75 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 24-27 1171051-8 1975 Interaction between tyramine and clonidine was also seen in vitro, but it disappeared in the reserpinized, denervated or propranolol-pretreated guinea-pig vas deferens. Clonidine 33-42 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 155-158 1171051-9 1975 The contraction of the vas deferens induced by clonidine was potentiated by pretreatment with cocaine, but not by pretreatment with guanethidine, ans was inhibited by treatment with alpha-adrenergic blocking agents phentolamine and phentolame and phenoxybenzamine, but not by tolazoline. Clonidine 47-56 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 23-26 1120965-1 1975 Two series of experiments were performed in anesthetized dogs to test the hypothesis that the suppression of renin secretion by clonidine results from a centrally mediated decrease in the activity in the renal sympathetic nerves. Clonidine 128-137 renin Canis lupus familiaris 109-114 1120965-3 1975 In these animals, clonidine produced hypotension and bradycardia and suppressed plasma renin activity to 39 percent of the control value. Clonidine 18-27 renin Canis lupus familiaris 87-92 1120965-7 1975 Intravenous clonidine produced a transient hypertension followed by hypotension, decreased heart rate and suppressed plasma renin activity to 49 percent of the control value. Clonidine 12-21 renin Canis lupus familiaris 124-129 1120965-8 1975 Renal denervation reduced renin secretion and prevented the suppression of renin secretion produced by intravenous clonidine. Clonidine 115-124 renin Canis lupus familiaris 75-80 1120965-9 1975 Thus, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that the suppression of renin secretion by clonidine results from a centrally mediated decrease in renal sympathetic neural tone. Clonidine 95-104 renin Canis lupus familiaris 76-81 234380-4 1975 Clonidine, an alpha-adrenergic stimulating drug, elevated prolactin levels whereas the beta-adrenergic stimulator isoproterenol had no effect. Clonidine 0-9 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 58-67 238481-1 1975 In various kinds of hypertension clonidine induced a decrease in urinary catecholamines, plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone, concommitant with a fall in blood pressure and pulse rate in both short term and chronic studies. Clonidine 33-42 renin Homo sapiens 96-101 238481-5 1975 --During clonidine the increase in catecholamines and renin after insulin induced hypoglycemia was largely abolished. Clonidine 9-18 renin Homo sapiens 54-59 4522166-0 1973 The effect of clonidine on plasma renin activity in human hypertension. Clonidine 14-23 renin Homo sapiens 34-39 4595556-0 1974 [Letter: Effect of injectable clonidine on renin secretion in essential arterial hypertension]. Clonidine 30-39 renin Homo sapiens 43-48 1187753-2 1975 The administration of NE, DOPA, amphetamine, phenelzine, desipramine and clonidine induced the reappearance of the CAR. Clonidine 73-82 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 Rattus norvegicus 115-118 4339388-5 1972 Intravertebral clonidine also greatly reduced the reflex response to carotid occlusion and the effects of an intravertebral infusion of angiotensin (1 ng/kg)/min.3. Clonidine 15-24 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 158-163 32878560-0 2021 Expression of ADR-alpha1, 2 and ADR-beta2 in cumulus cell culture of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome and poor responder who are a candidate for IVF: the novel strategic role of clonidine in this expression. Clonidine 192-201 adrenoceptor alpha 2A Homo sapiens 14-41 4330157-0 1971 [The action of ST 155 (2,2,6-dichlorophenylamino-2-imidazoline hydrochloride) on the hypertensive crisis induced in the rat by administration of angiotensin II]. Clonidine 23-76 angiotensinogen Rattus norvegicus 145-159 33359660-3 2021 Intrathecal treatment with alpha2AR agonists, clonidine (0.1-1 nmol) or dexmedetomidine (0.3-1 nmol), relieved mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia on postoperative day (POD) 14, but their efficacy was weaker on POD28 and absent on POD56. Clonidine 46-55 adenosine A2a receptor Mus musculus 27-35 34011258-3 2021 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-angiogenic effects of alpha2-adrenergic agonists, including guanabenz and clonidine. Clonidine 139-148 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 87-93 34011258-8 2021 RESULTS: Guanabenz and clonidine inhibited VEGF-induced retinal endothelial cell growth and migration. Clonidine 23-32 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 43-47 33449137-2 2021 A consequence of the hyperactivity and attention deficits is that individuals with FXS are frequently diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and treated with medications approved for ADHD (e.g., the alpha2-agonist clonidine). Clonidine 238-247 ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 5 Mus musculus 223-229 33450087-3 2021 Experimental and clinical studies support the notion that the alpha2 -adrenoceptor agonists, dexmedetomidine and clonidine, mitigate sympathetic and inflammatory overactivity in sepsis and cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Clonidine 113-122 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 62-68 33005940-1 2021 Clonidine is a central alpha-2 agonist well known to produce a syndrome of bradycardia and hypotension in overdose. Clonidine 0-9 glycoprotein hormone subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 23-30 33161499-8 2021 The 2% lidocaine + clonidine presented the lowest pain scores (SMD = - 1.44; - 2.72 to - 0.16) compared to 4% articaine + adrenaline, followed by 0.5% bupivacaine + adrenaline (SMD = - 1.36; - 2.13 to - 0.59). Clonidine 19-28 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein D1 polypeptide Homo sapiens 63-72 33188843-0 2021 Injections of the alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist clonidine into the dorsal raphe nucleus increases food intake in satiated rats. Clonidine 47-56 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A7C Rattus norvegicus 18-25 33188843-6 2021 The ingestive behavior was not significantly affected by PHE treatment in the DR. CLO treatment increased Fos expression in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in rats that were allowed to eat during the experimental recording (AF group). Clonidine 82-85 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 106-109 33188843-9 2021 However, double-labeled POMC/Fos cells were absent in the ARC of the WAF group, although an increase in Fos expression was observed in non-POMC cells after CLO injections in the WAF group. Clonidine 156-159 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 104-107