PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
34318610-0	2021	Alkaloid leonurine exerts anti-inflammatory effects via modulating MST1 expression in trophoblast cells.	leonurine	9-18	macrophage stimulating 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
33235025-7	2021	In vitro, LE simultaneously inhibited proliferation and migration of neonatal mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) exposed to angiotensin II (Ang II), and the activation of collagen synthesis and myofibroblast generation was markedly suppressed by LE.	leonurine	10-12	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	121-135
33235025-7	2021	In vitro, LE simultaneously inhibited proliferation and migration of neonatal mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) exposed to angiotensin II (Ang II), and the activation of collagen synthesis and myofibroblast generation was markedly suppressed by LE.	leonurine	10-12	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	137-143
33235025-8	2021	Notably, we found that all mature miR-29 family members were downregulated in the myocardial tissues of mice post-MI, while, LE significantly upregulated miR-29a-3p expression, and such upregulation was also detected in LE-treated CFs under Ang II stimulation.	leonurine	125-127	angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)	Mus musculus	241-247
34394836-0	2021	Leonurine Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Insufficient Angiogenesis by Regulating the PI3K/Akt-eNOS Signaling Pathway in H2O2-Induced HUVECs.	leonurine	0-9	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	92-95
34602453-6	2021	The cytotoxic effects of leonurine on HL-60 and U-937 cells were associated with an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and increased expression of cytochrome c in the cytoplasm.	leonurine	25-34	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	103-106
34602453-6	2021	The cytotoxic effects of leonurine on HL-60 and U-937 cells were associated with an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and increased expression of cytochrome c in the cytoplasm.	leonurine	25-34	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	107-112
34602453-6	2021	The cytotoxic effects of leonurine on HL-60 and U-937 cells were associated with an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and increased expression of cytochrome c in the cytoplasm.	leonurine	25-34	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	128-137
34602453-6	2021	The cytotoxic effects of leonurine on HL-60 and U-937 cells were associated with an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and increased expression of cytochrome c in the cytoplasm.	leonurine	25-34	caspase 8	Homo sapiens	139-148
34602453-6	2021	The cytotoxic effects of leonurine on HL-60 and U-937 cells were associated with an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and increased expression of cytochrome c in the cytoplasm.	leonurine	25-34	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	153-162
34602453-6	2021	The cytotoxic effects of leonurine on HL-60 and U-937 cells were associated with an increased ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and increased expression of cytochrome c in the cytoplasm.	leonurine	25-34	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	192-204
34602453-7	2021	Leonurine inhibited activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in HL-60 and U-937 cells by lowering the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt.	leonurine	0-9	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	43-46
34602453-7	2021	Leonurine inhibited activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in HL-60 and U-937 cells by lowering the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt.	leonurine	0-9	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	131-134
34602453-8	2021	Our results indicate that leonurine is a potential anti-AML agent, and this activity may be associated with its repression of the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt.	leonurine	26-35	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	158-161
34394836-0	2021	Leonurine Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Insufficient Angiogenesis by Regulating the PI3K/Akt-eNOS Signaling Pathway in H2O2-Induced HUVECs.	leonurine	0-9	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	96-100
34394836-8	2021	At the same time, LEO treatment significantly promoted the phosphorylation level of angiogenic protein PI3K, Akt, and eNOS and the expression level of survival factor Bcl2 and decreased the expression level of death factor Bax and caspase3.	leonurine	18-21	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	109-112
34394836-8	2021	At the same time, LEO treatment significantly promoted the phosphorylation level of angiogenic protein PI3K, Akt, and eNOS and the expression level of survival factor Bcl2 and decreased the expression level of death factor Bax and caspase3.	leonurine	18-21	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	118-122
34394836-8	2021	At the same time, LEO treatment significantly promoted the phosphorylation level of angiogenic protein PI3K, Akt, and eNOS and the expression level of survival factor Bcl2 and decreased the expression level of death factor Bax and caspase3.	leonurine	18-21	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	167-171
34394836-8	2021	At the same time, LEO treatment significantly promoted the phosphorylation level of angiogenic protein PI3K, Akt, and eNOS and the expression level of survival factor Bcl2 and decreased the expression level of death factor Bax and caspase3.	leonurine	18-21	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	223-226
34394836-8	2021	At the same time, LEO treatment significantly promoted the phosphorylation level of angiogenic protein PI3K, Akt, and eNOS and the expression level of survival factor Bcl2 and decreased the expression level of death factor Bax and caspase3.	leonurine	18-21	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	231-239
34394836-9	2021	In conclusion, our findings suggested that LEO can ameliorate the oxidative stress damage and insufficient angiogenesis of HUVECs induced by H2O2 through activating the PI3K/Akt-eNOS signaling pathway.	leonurine	43-46	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	174-177
34394836-9	2021	In conclusion, our findings suggested that LEO can ameliorate the oxidative stress damage and insufficient angiogenesis of HUVECs induced by H2O2 through activating the PI3K/Akt-eNOS signaling pathway.	leonurine	43-46	nitric oxide synthase 3	Homo sapiens	178-182
35359148-0	2022	Inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 in neuron cells might enhance the therapeutic effect of leonurine under cholesterol stimulation.	leonurine	101-110	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	14-44
35493428-11	2022	Treatment with Nrf2 inhibitor reversed the effects of LEO treatment on LPS-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response in BEAS-2B cells.	leonurine	54-57	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	15-19
35493428-12	2022	Taken together, the data of the present study indicated that LEO attenuated LPS-induced ALI through the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation regulated by the Nrf2 signaling pathway.	leonurine	61-64	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	169-173
35285100-0	2022	Leonurine inhibits the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-kappaB pathways via Nrf2 activation to alleviate carrageenan-induced pleurisy in mice.	leonurine	0-9	thioredoxin interacting protein	Mus musculus	23-28
35285100-0	2022	Leonurine inhibits the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-kappaB pathways via Nrf2 activation to alleviate carrageenan-induced pleurisy in mice.	leonurine	0-9	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	29-34
35285100-0	2022	Leonurine inhibits the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-kappaB pathways via Nrf2 activation to alleviate carrageenan-induced pleurisy in mice.	leonurine	0-9	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	39-48
35285100-0	2022	Leonurine inhibits the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-kappaB pathways via Nrf2 activation to alleviate carrageenan-induced pleurisy in mice.	leonurine	0-9	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	62-66
35285100-7	2022	However, the protective effect of Leo was significantly weakened in Nrf2-deficient mice.	leonurine	34-37	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	68-72
35285100-8	2022	These results indicate that Leo confers potent protection against CAR-induced pleurisy by inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-kappaB pathways dependent on Nrf2, which may serve as a promising agent for attenuating pleurisy.	leonurine	28-31	thioredoxin interacting protein	Mus musculus	105-110
35285100-8	2022	These results indicate that Leo confers potent protection against CAR-induced pleurisy by inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-kappaB pathways dependent on Nrf2, which may serve as a promising agent for attenuating pleurisy.	leonurine	28-31	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	111-116
35285100-8	2022	These results indicate that Leo confers potent protection against CAR-induced pleurisy by inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-kappaB pathways dependent on Nrf2, which may serve as a promising agent for attenuating pleurisy.	leonurine	28-31	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	121-130
35285100-8	2022	These results indicate that Leo confers potent protection against CAR-induced pleurisy by inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF-kappaB pathways dependent on Nrf2, which may serve as a promising agent for attenuating pleurisy.	leonurine	28-31	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	153-157
35303762-0	2022	Leonurine hydrochloride alleviates ferroptosis in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.	leonurine	0-23	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	106-110
35342349-0	2022	SCM-198 Alleviates Endometriosis by Suppressing Estrogen-ERalpha mediated Differentiation and Function of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells.	leonurine	0-7	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	106-109
35342349-0	2022	SCM-198 Alleviates Endometriosis by Suppressing Estrogen-ERalpha mediated Differentiation and Function of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells.	leonurine	0-7	interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	110-114
35342349-13	2022	Estrogen-ERalpha triggered the expansion of Tregs and their cytokine production (IL-10 and TGF-beta1), which could be reversed by SCM-198 treatment.	leonurine	130-137	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	9-16
35342349-13	2022	Estrogen-ERalpha triggered the expansion of Tregs and their cytokine production (IL-10 and TGF-beta1), which could be reversed by SCM-198 treatment.	leonurine	130-137	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	81-86
35342349-13	2022	Estrogen-ERalpha triggered the expansion of Tregs and their cytokine production (IL-10 and TGF-beta1), which could be reversed by SCM-198 treatment.	leonurine	130-137	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	91-100
35106716-0	2022	Leonurine attenuates cisplatin nephrotoxicity by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.	leonurine	0-9	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	65-70
35106716-14	2022	Expression of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components and inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ERS were all alleviated by leonurine.	leonurine	209-218	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	92-97
34980736-0	2022	Leonurine Preconditioning Attenuates Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury in Rats by Promoting Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation and Suppressing TLR4/NF-kappaB Pathway.	leonurine	0-9	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	87-91
34980736-0	2022	Leonurine Preconditioning Attenuates Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury in Rats by Promoting Nrf2 Nuclear Translocation and Suppressing TLR4/NF-kappaB Pathway.	leonurine	0-9	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	130-134
34980736-9	2022	Further study revealed that LEO promoted Nrf2 into the nucleus, promoted the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), and suppressed the TLR4/NF-kappaB signal pathway in kidney tissues of ischemic AKI rats.	leonurine	28-31	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
34980736-9	2022	Further study revealed that LEO promoted Nrf2 into the nucleus, promoted the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), and suppressed the TLR4/NF-kappaB signal pathway in kidney tissues of ischemic AKI rats.	leonurine	28-31	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	91-107
34980736-9	2022	Further study revealed that LEO promoted Nrf2 into the nucleus, promoted the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), and suppressed the TLR4/NF-kappaB signal pathway in kidney tissues of ischemic AKI rats.	leonurine	28-31	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	109-113
34980736-9	2022	Further study revealed that LEO promoted Nrf2 into the nucleus, promoted the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), and suppressed the TLR4/NF-kappaB signal pathway in kidney tissues of ischemic AKI rats.	leonurine	28-31	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	145-150
34980736-9	2022	Further study revealed that LEO promoted Nrf2 into the nucleus, promoted the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), and suppressed the TLR4/NF-kappaB signal pathway in kidney tissues of ischemic AKI rats.	leonurine	28-31	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	172-176
34980736-10	2022	The study reveals that LEO has a protective effect to prevent ischemic AKI through activation of Nrf2 nuclear translocation resisting oxidative stress injury and inhibition of the TLR4/NF-kappaB pathway mediated inflammatory gene expression.	leonurine	23-26	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
34980736-10	2022	The study reveals that LEO has a protective effect to prevent ischemic AKI through activation of Nrf2 nuclear translocation resisting oxidative stress injury and inhibition of the TLR4/NF-kappaB pathway mediated inflammatory gene expression.	leonurine	23-26	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	180-184
33935775-0	2021	Leonurine-Repressed miR-18a-5p/SOCS5/JAK2/STAT3 Axis Activity Disrupts CML malignancy.	leonurine	0-9	microRNA 18a	Homo sapiens	20-27
33935775-0	2021	Leonurine-Repressed miR-18a-5p/SOCS5/JAK2/STAT3 Axis Activity Disrupts CML malignancy.	leonurine	0-9	suppressor of cytokine signaling 5	Homo sapiens	31-36
33935775-0	2021	Leonurine-Repressed miR-18a-5p/SOCS5/JAK2/STAT3 Axis Activity Disrupts CML malignancy.	leonurine	0-9	Janus kinase 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
33935775-0	2021	Leonurine-Repressed miR-18a-5p/SOCS5/JAK2/STAT3 Axis Activity Disrupts CML malignancy.	leonurine	0-9	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	42-47
33935775-5	2021	Mechanically, leonurine upregulated SOCS5 expression, thus leading JAK2/STAT3 signaling suppression.	leonurine	14-23	suppressor of cytokine signaling 5	Homo sapiens	36-41
33935775-5	2021	Mechanically, leonurine upregulated SOCS5 expression, thus leading JAK2/STAT3 signaling suppression.	leonurine	14-23	Janus kinase 2	Homo sapiens	67-71
33935775-5	2021	Mechanically, leonurine upregulated SOCS5 expression, thus leading JAK2/STAT3 signaling suppression.	leonurine	14-23	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	72-77
33935775-6	2021	Silencing of SOCS5 by its siRNA abrogated the effect of leonurine on CML cells, demonstrating that SOCS5 mediates the anti-leukemia effect of leonurine.	leonurine	56-65	suppressor of cytokine signaling 5	Homo sapiens	13-18
33935775-6	2021	Silencing of SOCS5 by its siRNA abrogated the effect of leonurine on CML cells, demonstrating that SOCS5 mediates the anti-leukemia effect of leonurine.	leonurine	56-65	suppressor of cytokine signaling 5	Homo sapiens	99-104
33935775-6	2021	Silencing of SOCS5 by its siRNA abrogated the effect of leonurine on CML cells, demonstrating that SOCS5 mediates the anti-leukemia effect of leonurine.	leonurine	142-151	suppressor of cytokine signaling 5	Homo sapiens	13-18
33935775-6	2021	Silencing of SOCS5 by its siRNA abrogated the effect of leonurine on CML cells, demonstrating that SOCS5 mediates the anti-leukemia effect of leonurine.	leonurine	142-151	suppressor of cytokine signaling 5	Homo sapiens	99-104
33935775-10	2021	miR-18a-5p downregulation induced by leonurine reduced the biological activity of CML cells by relieving miR-18a-5p repression of SOCS5 expression.	leonurine	37-46	microRNA 18a	Homo sapiens	0-7
33935775-10	2021	miR-18a-5p downregulation induced by leonurine reduced the biological activity of CML cells by relieving miR-18a-5p repression of SOCS5 expression.	leonurine	37-46	microRNA 18a	Homo sapiens	105-112
33935775-10	2021	miR-18a-5p downregulation induced by leonurine reduced the biological activity of CML cells by relieving miR-18a-5p repression of SOCS5 expression.	leonurine	37-46	suppressor of cytokine signaling 5	Homo sapiens	130-135
33935775-11	2021	Taken together, leonurine exerts significant anti-leukemia efficacy in CML by regulating miR-18a-5p/SOCS5/JAK2/STAT3 axis.	leonurine	16-25	microRNA 18a	Homo sapiens	89-96
33935775-11	2021	Taken together, leonurine exerts significant anti-leukemia efficacy in CML by regulating miR-18a-5p/SOCS5/JAK2/STAT3 axis.	leonurine	16-25	suppressor of cytokine signaling 5	Homo sapiens	100-105
33935775-11	2021	Taken together, leonurine exerts significant anti-leukemia efficacy in CML by regulating miR-18a-5p/SOCS5/JAK2/STAT3 axis.	leonurine	16-25	Janus kinase 2	Homo sapiens	106-110
33935775-11	2021	Taken together, leonurine exerts significant anti-leukemia efficacy in CML by regulating miR-18a-5p/SOCS5/JAK2/STAT3 axis.	leonurine	16-25	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Homo sapiens	111-116
33117342-7	2020	Leonurine treatment had a direct recovery effect on the impaired balance and reduced the expression of TAZ and led to normalization of IL-17, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha and IL-10.	leonurine	0-9	interleukin 17A	Homo sapiens	135-140
32627754-0	2020	Inhibitory Effects of Standardized Leonurus japonicus Extract and Its Bioactive Leonurine on TNF-alpha-induced Muscle Atrophy in L6 Myotubes.	leonurine	80-89	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	93-102
32627754-6	2020	The current study aimed to determine the inhibitory effects of standardized L. japonicus extract (LJE) and leonurine on muscle atrophy by clarifying its underlying molecular mechanisms in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-stimulated L6 myotubes.	leonurine	107-116	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	217-226
32627754-7	2020	LJE and leonurine stimulated the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt pathway that was reduced by TNF-alpha treatment.	leonurine	8-17	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	95-104
32627754-8	2020	LJE and leonurine not only increased the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway for protein anabolism but also decreased the mRNA expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases by blocking the translocation of Forkhead box O which is closely linked with proteolysis.	leonurine	8-17	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	41-70
32627754-9	2020	Additionally, LJE and leonurine alleviated inflammatory responses by downregulating TNF-alpha and interleukin-6 mRNA expression and reducing the protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B, a major transcriptional factor of proinflammatory cytokines.	leonurine	22-31	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	84-93
33708763-0	2021	Leonurine Promotes the Osteoblast Differentiation of Rat BMSCs by Activation of Autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway.	leonurine	0-9	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	103-106
33708763-0	2021	Leonurine Promotes the Osteoblast Differentiation of Rat BMSCs by Activation of Autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway.	leonurine	0-9	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	107-111
33708763-9	2021	ALP and Alizarin red staining results showed that 10 muM leonurine promoted rBMSC osteoblastic differentiation, which was consistent with the qRT-PCR and Western blot results.	leonurine	57-66	PDZ and LIM domain 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
33708763-10	2021	Compared with those of the control group, the mRNA and protein levels of Atg5, Atg7, and LC3 were upregulated in the rBMSCs upon leonurine treatment.	leonurine	129-138	autophagy related 5	Rattus norvegicus	73-77
33708763-10	2021	Compared with those of the control group, the mRNA and protein levels of Atg5, Atg7, and LC3 were upregulated in the rBMSCs upon leonurine treatment.	leonurine	129-138	autophagy related 7	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
33708763-10	2021	Compared with those of the control group, the mRNA and protein levels of Atg5, Atg7, and LC3 were upregulated in the rBMSCs upon leonurine treatment.	leonurine	129-138	annexin A3	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
33708763-12	2021	Additionally, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was activated in rBMSCs upon leonurine treatment.	leonurine	69-78	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-26
33708763-12	2021	Additionally, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was activated in rBMSCs upon leonurine treatment.	leonurine	69-78	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	27-31
33708763-13	2021	Conclusion: Leonurine promotes the osteoblast differentiation of rBMSCs by activating autophagy, which depends on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.	leonurine	12-21	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	123-126
33708763-13	2021	Conclusion: Leonurine promotes the osteoblast differentiation of rBMSCs by activating autophagy, which depends on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.	leonurine	12-21	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	127-131
33117342-7	2020	Leonurine treatment had a direct recovery effect on the impaired balance and reduced the expression of TAZ and led to normalization of IL-17, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha and IL-10.	leonurine	0-9	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	142-150
33117342-7	2020	Leonurine treatment had a direct recovery effect on the impaired balance and reduced the expression of TAZ and led to normalization of IL-17, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha and IL-10.	leonurine	0-9	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	156-165
33117342-7	2020	Leonurine treatment had a direct recovery effect on the impaired balance and reduced the expression of TAZ and led to normalization of IL-17, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha and IL-10.	leonurine	0-9	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	170-175
33117342-9	2020	Leonurine significantly inhibited TAZ-mediated expression of RANKL, and RANK and IL-6 in synovial fibroblasts.	leonurine	0-9	TNF superfamily member 11	Homo sapiens	61-66
33117342-9	2020	Leonurine significantly inhibited TAZ-mediated expression of RANKL, and RANK and IL-6 in synovial fibroblasts.	leonurine	0-9	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	81-85
32736688-0	2020	Leonurine protects against dexamethasone-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic beta-cells via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.	leonurine	0-9	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-99
32736688-7	2020	Leonurine ameliorated dexamethasone-induced dephosphorylation of Akt, Bad and GSK-3beta.	leonurine	0-9	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-68
32736688-7	2020	Leonurine ameliorated dexamethasone-induced dephosphorylation of Akt, Bad and GSK-3beta.	leonurine	0-9	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	78-87
32736688-9	2020	Our findings revealed for the first time that leonurine could protect against dexamethasone-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic beta-cells via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting leonurine may be a promising therapeutic agent for steroid diabetes.	leonurine	46-55	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	147-150
32736688-9	2020	Our findings revealed for the first time that leonurine could protect against dexamethasone-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic beta-cells via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting leonurine may be a promising therapeutic agent for steroid diabetes.	leonurine	181-190	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	147-150
32238453-3	2020	Apolipoprotein E gene-deficient mice were fed with a WD and received LEO administration daily for 13 weeks.	leonurine	69-72	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	0-16
32238453-6	2020	Enhanced plaque stability by LEO was associated with the nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-nitric oxide (NO) system.	leonurine	29-32	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	57-78
32523334-16	2020	Combination with leonurine may serve as a novel strategy for enhancing cisplatin sensitivity via the inhibition of the expression of MRP1 and P-Gp.	leonurine	17-26	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
32523334-16	2020	Combination with leonurine may serve as a novel strategy for enhancing cisplatin sensitivity via the inhibition of the expression of MRP1 and P-Gp.	leonurine	17-26	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	142-146
31087454-0	2019	Protective effects of leonurine against ischemic stroke in mice by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway.	leonurine	22-31	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	78-121
31979329-0	2020	The Guanidine Pseudoalkaloids 10-Methoxy-Leonurine and Leonurine Act as Competitive Inhibitors of Tyrosinase.	leonurine	33-50	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	98-108
31979329-0	2020	The Guanidine Pseudoalkaloids 10-Methoxy-Leonurine and Leonurine Act as Competitive Inhibitors of Tyrosinase.	leonurine	41-50	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	98-108
31979329-4	2020	Of these, 10-methoxy-leonurine (1) and leonurine (2) exhibited IC50 values of 7.4 +- 0.4 and 12.4 +- 0.8 muM, respectively, and acted as competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase, with Ki values in the micromolar range.	leonurine	10-30	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	163-173
31979329-4	2020	Of these, 10-methoxy-leonurine (1) and leonurine (2) exhibited IC50 values of 7.4 +- 0.4 and 12.4 +- 0.8 muM, respectively, and acted as competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase, with Ki values in the micromolar range.	leonurine	21-30	tyrosinase	Homo sapiens	163-173
33198612-5	2020	RESULTS: After intravenous injection with Leo, the AUC0-  values of L-10-G in Bcrp1-/- and Mrp2-/- mice were 1.55-fold and 16.80-fold higher, respectively, than those in wild-type FVB mice (P < 0.05).	leonurine	42-45	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group)	Mus musculus	78-83
33198612-5	2020	RESULTS: After intravenous injection with Leo, the AUC0-  values of L-10-G in Bcrp1-/- and Mrp2-/- mice were 1.55-fold and 16.80-fold higher, respectively, than those in wild-type FVB mice (P < 0.05).	leonurine	42-45	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR/MRP), member 2	Mus musculus	91-95
33198612-7	2020	After gavage with Leo for 10 and 25 min, the bile accumulation of L-10-G in Mrp2-/- mice was 3-fold and 22-fold lower, respectively, than that in wild-type FVB mice (P < 0.05).	leonurine	18-21	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR/MRP), member 2	Mus musculus	76-80
31527304-0	2019	Leonurine ameliorates D-galactose-induced aging in mice through activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway.	leonurine	0-9	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	82-86
31527304-5	2019	The results showed that treatment with 150 mg kg-1 leonurine could improve the mental condition, organic index, and behavioural impairment; significantly increase the activities of antioxidative enzymes including SOD, CAT, and T-AOC; and ameliorate the advanced glycation end product (AGE) level and histopathological injury.	leonurine	51-60	catalase	Mus musculus	218-221
31527304-6	2019	Furthermore, the Western blotting data revealed that leonurine supplementation noticeably modulated the suppression of the Nrf2 pathway and upregulated the downstream expression of HO-1 and NOQ1 in aging mice.	leonurine	53-62	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	123-127
31527304-6	2019	Furthermore, the Western blotting data revealed that leonurine supplementation noticeably modulated the suppression of the Nrf2 pathway and upregulated the downstream expression of HO-1 and NOQ1 in aging mice.	leonurine	53-62	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	181-185
31527304-7	2019	Additionally, leonurine treatment activated Nrf2 nuclear translocation in both aging mice and normal young mice, and the expression levels of Nrf2 in normal young mice was higher than those in naturally aging mice.	leonurine	14-23	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	44-48
31527304-7	2019	Additionally, leonurine treatment activated Nrf2 nuclear translocation in both aging mice and normal young mice, and the expression levels of Nrf2 in normal young mice was higher than those in naturally aging mice.	leonurine	14-23	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	142-146
31527304-8	2019	In conclusion, our findings suggest that leonurine is a promising agent for attenuating the aging process, and the underlying molecular mechanisms depend on activating the Nrf2 pathway.	leonurine	41-50	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	172-176
31087454-9	2019	Leonurine upregulated nuclear Nrf-2 protein and increased total Nrf-2 protein expression and mRNA levels.	leonurine	0-9	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	30-35
31087454-9	2019	Leonurine upregulated nuclear Nrf-2 protein and increased total Nrf-2 protein expression and mRNA levels.	leonurine	0-9	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	64-69
31087454-10	2019	Leonurine regulated SOD, MDA, CAT, GSH, and GSH-Px, and it significantly inhibited ROS production in ICR mice.	leonurine	0-9	catalase	Mus musculus	30-33
31087454-11	2019	Leonurine improved VEGF expression and increased VEGF expression in neurons, astrocytes, and endothelial cells.	leonurine	0-9	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	19-23
31087454-11	2019	Leonurine improved VEGF expression and increased VEGF expression in neurons, astrocytes, and endothelial cells.	leonurine	0-9	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	49-53
31087454-2	2019	The present study has determined that leonurine prevents ischemic injury of brain tissues via Nrf-2 pathway activation.	leonurine	38-47	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	94-99
31087454-13	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Leonurine exerted neuroprotective effects, promoted antioxidant responses, and upregulated VEGF expression by activating the Nrf-2 pathway.	leonurine	13-22	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Mus musculus	104-108
31087454-13	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Leonurine exerted neuroprotective effects, promoted antioxidant responses, and upregulated VEGF expression by activating the Nrf-2 pathway.	leonurine	13-22	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	138-143
31087454-5	2019	Nrf-2 was investigated using Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanism of leonurine.	leonurine	150-159	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	0-5
31431607-8	2019	RESULTS Leonurine counteracted IL-1ss-induced production of MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5.	leonurine	8-17	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	60-65
31431607-8	2019	RESULTS Leonurine counteracted IL-1ss-induced production of MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5.	leonurine	8-17	matrix metallopeptidase 13	Rattus norvegicus	67-73
31431607-8	2019	RESULTS Leonurine counteracted IL-1ss-induced production of MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5.	leonurine	8-17	ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 5	Rattus norvegicus	89-97
31431607-9	2019	Leonurine treatment reduced both the mRNA and protein levels of Bax and increased the level of Bcl-2.	leonurine	0-9	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	64-67
31431607-8	2019	RESULTS Leonurine counteracted IL-1ss-induced production of MMP-1, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5.	leonurine	8-17	ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 4	Rattus norvegicus	75-83
31431607-9	2019	Leonurine treatment reduced both the mRNA and protein levels of Bax and increased the level of Bcl-2.	leonurine	0-9	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	95-100
31431607-10	2019	Leonurine also inhibited the activity of caspase-3 in IL-1ss-induced chondrocytes.	leonurine	0-9	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	41-50
31431607-11	2019	Furthermore, the activation of MAPK and phosphorylation of p65 were suppressed by leonurine.	leonurine	82-91	synaptotagmin 1	Rattus norvegicus	59-62
31005592-0	2019	Leonurine alleviates LPS-induced myocarditis through suppressing the NF-kB signaling pathway.	leonurine	0-9	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Rattus norvegicus	69-74
31005592-12	2019	Furthermore, the nuclear translocalization and nuclear protein expression of p65 in LPS-injured H9c2 cells were also suppressed by LE.	leonurine	131-133	synaptotagmin 1	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
31005592-13	2019	Our results demonstrated that LE exerts potent cardioprotective effects against myocarditis via anti-inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms, possibly through blocking the activation of NF-kB pathway.	leonurine	30-32	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Rattus norvegicus	188-193
30694908-0	2019	Leonurine promotes neurite outgrowth and neurotrophic activity by modulating the GR/SGK1 signaling pathway in cultured PC12 cells.	leonurine	0-9	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-83
30789669-0	2019	Dietary leonurine hydrochloride supplementation attenuates lipopolysaccharide challenge-induced intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction by inhibiting the NF-kappaB/MAPK signaling pathway in broilers.	leonurine	8-31	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	162-171
30789669-0	2019	Dietary leonurine hydrochloride supplementation attenuates lipopolysaccharide challenge-induced intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction by inhibiting the NF-kappaB/MAPK signaling pathway in broilers.	leonurine	8-31	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	172-176
30417459-0	2019	Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/NF-kappaB signaling with leonurine for ameliorating the progression of osteoarthritis: In vitro and in vivo studies.	leonurine	48-57	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	19-22
30417459-0	2019	Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/NF-kappaB signaling with leonurine for ameliorating the progression of osteoarthritis: In vitro and in vivo studies.	leonurine	48-57	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	23-32
30694908-13	2019	Our data indicate that leonurine promotes neurite outgrowth and neurotrophic activity in cultured PC12 cells, and its potential mechanism may involve the GR/SGK1 signaling pathway.	leonurine	23-32	serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	157-161
30694908-0	2019	Leonurine promotes neurite outgrowth and neurotrophic activity by modulating the GR/SGK1 signaling pathway in cultured PC12 cells.	leonurine	0-9	serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	84-88
30694908-6	2019	Leonurine was used to treat corticosterone-induced PC12 cells to examine its effect on neurite outgrowth and neurotrophic factors after treatment with the inhibitor of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and serum-inducible and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1).	leonurine	0-9	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	168-191
30694908-6	2019	Leonurine was used to treat corticosterone-induced PC12 cells to examine its effect on neurite outgrowth and neurotrophic factors after treatment with the inhibitor of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and serum-inducible and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1).	leonurine	0-9	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	193-195
30694908-6	2019	Leonurine was used to treat corticosterone-induced PC12 cells to examine its effect on neurite outgrowth and neurotrophic factors after treatment with the inhibitor of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and serum-inducible and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1).	leonurine	0-9	serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	256-260
30694908-10	2019	Leonurine increased cell area, total neurite length, and maximum neurite length of corticosterone-induced PC12 cells, increased the expression of GR, BDNF, NT-3, and BCL-2, and decreased the expression of SGK1.	leonurine	0-9	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	146-148
30694908-10	2019	Leonurine increased cell area, total neurite length, and maximum neurite length of corticosterone-induced PC12 cells, increased the expression of GR, BDNF, NT-3, and BCL-2, and decreased the expression of SGK1.	leonurine	0-9	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	150-154
30694908-10	2019	Leonurine increased cell area, total neurite length, and maximum neurite length of corticosterone-induced PC12 cells, increased the expression of GR, BDNF, NT-3, and BCL-2, and decreased the expression of SGK1.	leonurine	0-9	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	166-171
30694908-10	2019	Leonurine increased cell area, total neurite length, and maximum neurite length of corticosterone-induced PC12 cells, increased the expression of GR, BDNF, NT-3, and BCL-2, and decreased the expression of SGK1.	leonurine	0-9	serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	205-209
30694908-13	2019	Our data indicate that leonurine promotes neurite outgrowth and neurotrophic activity in cultured PC12 cells, and its potential mechanism may involve the GR/SGK1 signaling pathway.	leonurine	23-32	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	154-156
30618759-8	2018	Furthermore, leonurine suppressed genes expression of fatty acid synthesis, such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD-1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBF) in liver in high fat diet feeding ApoE-/- mice.	leonurine	13-22	fatty acid synthase	Mus musculus	84-103
30537674-0	2019	Novel hepatoprotective role of Leonurine hydrochloride against experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis mediated via AMPK/SREBP1 signaling pathway.	leonurine	31-54	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	124-130
30618759-8	2018	Furthermore, leonurine suppressed genes expression of fatty acid synthesis, such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD-1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBF) in liver in high fat diet feeding ApoE-/- mice.	leonurine	13-22	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	229-233
30618759-8	2018	Furthermore, leonurine suppressed genes expression of fatty acid synthesis, such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD-1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBF) in liver in high fat diet feeding ApoE-/- mice.	leonurine	13-22	fatty acid synthase	Mus musculus	105-109
30618759-8	2018	Furthermore, leonurine suppressed genes expression of fatty acid synthesis, such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD-1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBF) in liver in high fat diet feeding ApoE-/- mice.	leonurine	13-22	stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	Mus musculus	137-142
30273917-0	2018	Leonurine inhibits IL-1beta induced inflammation in murine chondrocytes and ameliorates murine osteoarthritis.	leonurine	0-9	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	19-27
30273917-8	2018	In this study, leonurine visibly inhibited the IL-1beta-induced production of NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; and decreased the expression of iNOS, COX-2, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in chondrocytes.	leonurine	15-24	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	47-55
30273917-8	2018	In this study, leonurine visibly inhibited the IL-1beta-induced production of NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; and decreased the expression of iNOS, COX-2, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in chondrocytes.	leonurine	15-24	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	88-92
30273917-8	2018	In this study, leonurine visibly inhibited the IL-1beta-induced production of NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; and decreased the expression of iNOS, COX-2, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in chondrocytes.	leonurine	15-24	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	97-106
30273917-8	2018	In this study, leonurine visibly inhibited the IL-1beta-induced production of NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; and decreased the expression of iNOS, COX-2, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in chondrocytes.	leonurine	15-24	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	140-144
30273917-8	2018	In this study, leonurine visibly inhibited the IL-1beta-induced production of NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; and decreased the expression of iNOS, COX-2, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in chondrocytes.	leonurine	15-24	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	146-151
30273917-8	2018	In this study, leonurine visibly inhibited the IL-1beta-induced production of NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; and decreased the expression of iNOS, COX-2, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in chondrocytes.	leonurine	15-24	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Mus musculus	153-158
30273917-8	2018	In this study, leonurine visibly inhibited the IL-1beta-induced production of NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; and decreased the expression of iNOS, COX-2, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in chondrocytes.	leonurine	15-24	matrix metallopeptidase 13	Mus musculus	160-166
30273917-8	2018	In this study, leonurine visibly inhibited the IL-1beta-induced production of NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; and decreased the expression of iNOS, COX-2, MMP-3, MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in chondrocytes.	leonurine	15-24	a disintegrin-like and metallopeptidase (reprolysin type) with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 5 (aggrecanase-2)	Mus musculus	171-179
30273917-9	2018	Furthermore, leonurine significantly suppressed IL-1beta-stimulated NF-kappaB activation.	leonurine	13-22	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	48-56
30273917-9	2018	Furthermore, leonurine significantly suppressed IL-1beta-stimulated NF-kappaB activation.	leonurine	13-22	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	68-77
29845252-0	2018	Leonurine protects cardiac function following acute myocardial infarction through anti-apoptosis by the PI3K/AKT/GSK3beta signaling pathway.	leonurine	0-9	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	109-112
29879659-6	2018	qRT-PCR and ELISA experiments suggested that leonurine inhibited the expression levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in uterus tissues and bEECs.	leonurine	45-54	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	90-99
29879659-6	2018	qRT-PCR and ELISA experiments suggested that leonurine inhibited the expression levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in uterus tissues and bEECs.	leonurine	45-54	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	104-112
29879659-7	2018	Molecular studies showed that TLR4 expression and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activation were both inhibited by leonurine treatment.	leonurine	111-120	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	30-34
29879659-7	2018	Molecular studies showed that TLR4 expression and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activation were both inhibited by leonurine treatment.	leonurine	111-120	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	50-76
29879659-8	2018	These results suggested that the therapeutic effects of leonurine on LPS-induced endometritis in mice and bEECs may act by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and its downstream mediated NF-kappaB pathway.	leonurine	56-65	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	152-156
30224063-0	2018	Leonurine hydrochloride promotes osteogenic differentiation and increases osteoblastic bone formation in ovariectomized mice by Wnt/beta-catenin pathway.	leonurine	0-23	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	132-144
29845252-0	2018	Leonurine protects cardiac function following acute myocardial infarction through anti-apoptosis by the PI3K/AKT/GSK3beta signaling pathway.	leonurine	0-9	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	113-121
29845252-11	2018	The results demonstrated that leonurine exerts potent cardio-protective effects in a rat model of MI by inducing anti-apoptotic effects by activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3beta signaling pathway.	leonurine	30-39	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-162
29845252-11	2018	The results demonstrated that leonurine exerts potent cardio-protective effects in a rat model of MI by inducing anti-apoptotic effects by activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3beta signaling pathway.	leonurine	30-39	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	163-171
30016355-0	2018	Neuroprotective effects of leonurine against oxygen-glucose deprivation by targeting Cx36/CaMKII in PC12 cells.	leonurine	27-36	gap junction protein, delta 2	Rattus norvegicus	85-89
29763636-5	2018	In addition, leonurine decreased representative M1 marker (iNOS and CD86) expression, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and M1 cytokine (TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) production.	leonurine	13-22	CD86 molecule	Homo sapiens	68-72
29763636-5	2018	In addition, leonurine decreased representative M1 marker (iNOS and CD86) expression, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and M1 cytokine (TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) production.	leonurine	13-22	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	86-91
29763636-5	2018	In addition, leonurine decreased representative M1 marker (iNOS and CD86) expression, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and M1 cytokine (TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) production.	leonurine	13-22	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	133-142
29763636-5	2018	In addition, leonurine decreased representative M1 marker (iNOS and CD86) expression, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and M1 cytokine (TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) production.	leonurine	13-22	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	147-155
29763636-6	2018	In the in vitro cultured RAW264.7 and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), blockade of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine inhibited macrophage M1 polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to MSU crystals, and thus down-regulated IL-1beta and TNF-alpha with STAT1 and NF-kappaB inactivation.	leonurine	120-129	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	93-98
29763636-6	2018	In the in vitro cultured RAW264.7 and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), blockade of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine inhibited macrophage M1 polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to MSU crystals, and thus down-regulated IL-1beta and TNF-alpha with STAT1 and NF-kappaB inactivation.	leonurine	120-129	prostaglandin E synthase	Mus musculus	99-106
29763636-6	2018	In the in vitro cultured RAW264.7 and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), blockade of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine inhibited macrophage M1 polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to MSU crystals, and thus down-regulated IL-1beta and TNF-alpha with STAT1 and NF-kappaB inactivation.	leonurine	120-129	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	111-116
29763636-6	2018	In the in vitro cultured RAW264.7 and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), blockade of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine inhibited macrophage M1 polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to MSU crystals, and thus down-regulated IL-1beta and TNF-alpha with STAT1 and NF-kappaB inactivation.	leonurine	120-129	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	171-176
29763636-6	2018	In the in vitro cultured RAW264.7 and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), blockade of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine inhibited macrophage M1 polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to MSU crystals, and thus down-regulated IL-1beta and TNF-alpha with STAT1 and NF-kappaB inactivation.	leonurine	120-129	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	254-262
29763636-6	2018	In the in vitro cultured RAW264.7 and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), blockade of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine inhibited macrophage M1 polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to MSU crystals, and thus down-regulated IL-1beta and TNF-alpha with STAT1 and NF-kappaB inactivation.	leonurine	120-129	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	267-276
29763636-6	2018	In the in vitro cultured RAW264.7 and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), blockade of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine inhibited macrophage M1 polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to MSU crystals, and thus down-regulated IL-1beta and TNF-alpha with STAT1 and NF-kappaB inactivation.	leonurine	120-129	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Homo sapiens	282-287
29763636-8	2018	Furthermore, leonurine prevented a positive feedback loop between COX-2/mPGES-1/5-LOX and IL-1beta/TNF-alpha in MSU crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	13-22	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	66-71
29763636-8	2018	Furthermore, leonurine prevented a positive feedback loop between COX-2/mPGES-1/5-LOX and IL-1beta/TNF-alpha in MSU crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	13-22	prostaglandin E synthase	Mus musculus	72-79
29763636-8	2018	Furthermore, leonurine prevented a positive feedback loop between COX-2/mPGES-1/5-LOX and IL-1beta/TNF-alpha in MSU crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	13-22	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	80-85
29763636-8	2018	Furthermore, leonurine prevented a positive feedback loop between COX-2/mPGES-1/5-LOX and IL-1beta/TNF-alpha in MSU crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	13-22	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	90-98
29763636-8	2018	Furthermore, leonurine prevented a positive feedback loop between COX-2/mPGES-1/5-LOX and IL-1beta/TNF-alpha in MSU crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	13-22	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	99-108
29763636-9	2018	Together, simultaneous down-regulation of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine ameliorates MSU crystal-induced inflammation through decreasing IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production.	leonurine	69-78	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	42-47
29763636-9	2018	Together, simultaneous down-regulation of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine ameliorates MSU crystal-induced inflammation through decreasing IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production.	leonurine	69-78	prostaglandin E synthase	Mus musculus	48-55
29763636-9	2018	Together, simultaneous down-regulation of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine ameliorates MSU crystal-induced inflammation through decreasing IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production.	leonurine	69-78	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	60-65
29763636-9	2018	Together, simultaneous down-regulation of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine ameliorates MSU crystal-induced inflammation through decreasing IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production.	leonurine	69-78	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	143-151
29763636-9	2018	Together, simultaneous down-regulation of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX by leonurine ameliorates MSU crystal-induced inflammation through decreasing IL-1beta and TNF-alpha production.	leonurine	69-78	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	156-165
29763636-0	2018	Inhibition of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX in macrophages by leonurine ameliorates monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	56-65	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	14-19
29763636-0	2018	Inhibition of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX in macrophages by leonurine ameliorates monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	56-65	prostaglandin E synthase	Mus musculus	20-27
29763636-0	2018	Inhibition of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX in macrophages by leonurine ameliorates monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	56-65	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	32-37
29763636-2	2018	Here, we investigated whether inhibition of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX in macrophages by leonurine ameliorates monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	86-95	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	44-49
29763636-2	2018	Here, we investigated whether inhibition of COX-2/mPGES-1 and 5-LOX in macrophages by leonurine ameliorates monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced inflammation.	leonurine	86-95	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	62-67
29763636-3	2018	Virtual screening assay and in vitro enzyme inhibition assay showed that leonurine was a potential inhibitor of COX-2, mPGES-1 and 5-LOX.	leonurine	73-82	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	112-117
29763636-3	2018	Virtual screening assay and in vitro enzyme inhibition assay showed that leonurine was a potential inhibitor of COX-2, mPGES-1 and 5-LOX.	leonurine	73-82	prostaglandin E synthase	Mus musculus	119-126
29763636-3	2018	Virtual screening assay and in vitro enzyme inhibition assay showed that leonurine was a potential inhibitor of COX-2, mPGES-1 and 5-LOX.	leonurine	73-82	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	131-136
29763636-4	2018	Compared with COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib, leonurine (30 mg/kg) significantly decreased ankle perimeter, gait score and neutrophil number in synovial fluid in MSU crystal-treated rats, accompanied with the decreased expression of COX-2, mPGES-1 and 5-LOX and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in the synovial fluid macrophages.	leonurine	41-50	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	14-19
29763636-4	2018	Compared with COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib, leonurine (30 mg/kg) significantly decreased ankle perimeter, gait score and neutrophil number in synovial fluid in MSU crystal-treated rats, accompanied with the decreased expression of COX-2, mPGES-1 and 5-LOX and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in the synovial fluid macrophages.	leonurine	41-50	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	228-233
29763636-4	2018	Compared with COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib, leonurine (30 mg/kg) significantly decreased ankle perimeter, gait score and neutrophil number in synovial fluid in MSU crystal-treated rats, accompanied with the decreased expression of COX-2, mPGES-1 and 5-LOX and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in the synovial fluid macrophages.	leonurine	41-50	prostaglandin E synthase	Mus musculus	235-242
29763636-4	2018	Compared with COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib, leonurine (30 mg/kg) significantly decreased ankle perimeter, gait score and neutrophil number in synovial fluid in MSU crystal-treated rats, accompanied with the decreased expression of COX-2, mPGES-1 and 5-LOX and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in the synovial fluid macrophages.	leonurine	41-50	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Homo sapiens	247-252
30016355-8	2018	Leonurine significantly increased cell viability and decreased cell apoptosis and the protein expression of Cx36 and pCaMKII/CaMKII in the OGD-induced PC12 cells.	leonurine	0-9	gap junction protein, delta 2	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
30016355-11	2018	Taken together, these results suggest that leonurine might have a protective effect on OGD-induced PC12 cells through targeting the Cx36/CaMKII pathway.	leonurine	43-52	gap junction protein, delta 2	Rattus norvegicus	132-136
29016795-10	2017	Furthermore, leonurine (60 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha, and suppressed the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway.	leonurine	13-22	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	101-118
29589609-0	2018	Upregulating mTOR/ERK signaling with leonurine for promoting angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in a full-thickness cutaneous wound model.	leonurine	37-46	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	13-17
29589609-0	2018	Upregulating mTOR/ERK signaling with leonurine for promoting angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in a full-thickness cutaneous wound model.	leonurine	37-46	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	18-21
29016795-10	2017	Furthermore, leonurine (60 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha, and suppressed the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway.	leonurine	13-22	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	120-133
29016795-10	2017	Furthermore, leonurine (60 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha, and suppressed the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway.	leonurine	13-22	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	138-147
28634450-0	2017	Leonurine Improves Age-Dependent Impaired Angiogenesis: Possible Involvement of Mitochondrial Function and HIF-1alpha Dependent VEGF Activation.	leonurine	0-9	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	107-117
28431044-8	2017	Results: Leonurine treatment significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFalpha) and MMPs (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and suppressed the migration and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes.	leonurine	9-18	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	99-107
28431044-8	2017	Results: Leonurine treatment significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFalpha) and MMPs (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and suppressed the migration and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes.	leonurine	9-18	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	109-113
28431044-8	2017	Results: Leonurine treatment significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFalpha) and MMPs (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and suppressed the migration and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes.	leonurine	9-18	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 15	Mus musculus	115-119
28431044-8	2017	Results: Leonurine treatment significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFalpha) and MMPs (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and suppressed the migration and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes.	leonurine	9-18	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	124-132
28431044-8	2017	Results: Leonurine treatment significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFalpha) and MMPs (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and suppressed the migration and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes.	leonurine	9-18	matrix metallopeptidase 13	Mus musculus	138-142
28431044-8	2017	Results: Leonurine treatment significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFalpha) and MMPs (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and suppressed the migration and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes.	leonurine	9-18	matrix metallopeptidase 13	Mus musculus	144-149
28431044-8	2017	Results: Leonurine treatment significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFalpha) and MMPs (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and suppressed the migration and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes.	leonurine	9-18	matrix metallopeptidase 3	Mus musculus	154-159
28431044-9	2017	The molecular analysis revealed that leonurine impaired TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB signalling by inhibiting the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-kappaB alpha (IkappaBalpha) and subsequently preventing the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappaB p65 subunit.	leonurine	37-46	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	56-64
28431044-9	2017	The molecular analysis revealed that leonurine impaired TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB signalling by inhibiting the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-kappaB alpha (IkappaBalpha) and subsequently preventing the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappaB p65 subunit.	leonurine	37-46	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	73-82
28431044-9	2017	The molecular analysis revealed that leonurine impaired TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB signalling by inhibiting the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-kappaB alpha (IkappaBalpha) and subsequently preventing the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappaB p65 subunit.	leonurine	37-46	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	160-169
28431044-9	2017	The molecular analysis revealed that leonurine impaired TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB signalling by inhibiting the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-kappaB alpha (IkappaBalpha) and subsequently preventing the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappaB p65 subunit.	leonurine	37-46	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha	Mus musculus	177-189
28431044-9	2017	The molecular analysis revealed that leonurine impaired TNFalpha-induced NF-kappaB signalling by inhibiting the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-kappaB alpha (IkappaBalpha) and subsequently preventing the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappaB p65 subunit.	leonurine	37-46	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	160-169
28431044-10	2017	Leonurine also inhibited the p38 and Jun N-terminal kinase mitogen-activated protein kinases signalling pathways without affecting ERK signalling.	leonurine	0-9	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	29-32
28431044-12	2017	Conclusion: Our findings show that leonurine reduces synovial inflammation and joint destruction in RA through the NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways.	leonurine	35-44	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	115-124
28634450-0	2017	Leonurine Improves Age-Dependent Impaired Angiogenesis: Possible Involvement of Mitochondrial Function and HIF-1alpha Dependent VEGF Activation.	leonurine	0-9	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	128-132
28634450-8	2017	Mechanistically, we found that leonurine restored the age-dependent reduction in HIF activity and subsequent reduced VEGF expression in senescent HUVECs.	leonurine	31-40	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	117-121
28634450-11	2017	Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that leonurine protects against age-dependent impairment of angiogenesis possibly through attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent VEGF up-regulation impairment.	leonurine	41-50	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	182-186
25708053-0	2015	Leonurine hydrochloride inhibits osteoclastogenesis and prevents osteoporosis associated with estrogen deficiency by inhibiting the NF-kappaB and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.	leonurine	0-23	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	151-154
29045950-0	2017	Leonurine Prevents Atherosclerosis Via Promoting the Expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in a Ppargamma/Lxralpha Signaling Pathway-Dependent Manner.	leonurine	0-9	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
29045950-0	2017	Leonurine Prevents Atherosclerosis Via Promoting the Expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in a Ppargamma/Lxralpha Signaling Pathway-Dependent Manner.	leonurine	0-9	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
29045950-0	2017	Leonurine Prevents Atherosclerosis Via Promoting the Expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in a Ppargamma/Lxralpha Signaling Pathway-Dependent Manner.	leonurine	0-9	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	88-97
29045950-0	2017	Leonurine Prevents Atherosclerosis Via Promoting the Expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in a Ppargamma/Lxralpha Signaling Pathway-Dependent Manner.	leonurine	0-9	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3	Homo sapiens	98-106
29045950-2	2017	This study was designed to investigate the effects of leonurine on cholesterol efflux from THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells and development of atherosclerotic lesions in apoE-/- mice, and further determine the potential mechanisms.	leonurine	54-63	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	91-96
29045950-9	2017	RESULTS: Oil Red O staining and liquid scintillation counting assays showed that leonurine significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and promoted 3H-cholesterol efflux in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells in a concentration-dependent manner.	leonurine	81-90	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	178-183
29045950-10	2017	Besides, both the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1/G1, PPARgamma and LXRalpha were enhanced by leonurine, which were attenuated by LXRalpha siRNA or PPARgamma siRNA transfection.	leonurine	95-104	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	45-53
29045950-10	2017	Besides, both the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1/G1, PPARgamma and LXRalpha were enhanced by leonurine, which were attenuated by LXRalpha siRNA or PPARgamma siRNA transfection.	leonurine	95-104	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	55-64
29045950-10	2017	Besides, both the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1/G1, PPARgamma and LXRalpha were enhanced by leonurine, which were attenuated by LXRalpha siRNA or PPARgamma siRNA transfection.	leonurine	95-104	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3	Homo sapiens	69-77
29045950-10	2017	Besides, both the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1/G1, PPARgamma and LXRalpha were enhanced by leonurine, which were attenuated by LXRalpha siRNA or PPARgamma siRNA transfection.	leonurine	95-104	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3	Homo sapiens	131-139
29045950-10	2017	Besides, both the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1/G1, PPARgamma and LXRalpha were enhanced by leonurine, which were attenuated by LXRalpha siRNA or PPARgamma siRNA transfection.	leonurine	95-104	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	149-158
29045950-11	2017	Finally, leonurine improved plasma lipid profile, decreased atherosclerotic lesion sizes, increased collagen contents and amplified PPARgamma, LXRalpha and ABCA1/G1 expressions in aortic roots of apoE-/- mice.	leonurine	9-18	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	132-141
29045950-11	2017	Finally, leonurine improved plasma lipid profile, decreased atherosclerotic lesion sizes, increased collagen contents and amplified PPARgamma, LXRalpha and ABCA1/G1 expressions in aortic roots of apoE-/- mice.	leonurine	9-18	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3	Mus musculus	143-151
29045950-11	2017	Finally, leonurine improved plasma lipid profile, decreased atherosclerotic lesion sizes, increased collagen contents and amplified PPARgamma, LXRalpha and ABCA1/G1 expressions in aortic roots of apoE-/- mice.	leonurine	9-18	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 1	Mus musculus	156-164
29045950-11	2017	Finally, leonurine improved plasma lipid profile, decreased atherosclerotic lesion sizes, increased collagen contents and amplified PPARgamma, LXRalpha and ABCA1/G1 expressions in aortic roots of apoE-/- mice.	leonurine	9-18	apolipoprotein E	Mus musculus	196-200
29045950-12	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Leonurine can promote cholesterol efflux and alleviate cellular lipid accumulation by magnifying the expression of ABCA1/G1 in a PPARgamma/LXRalpha signaling pathway-dependent manner in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells and abate atherogenesis in apoE-/- mice, which may offer a promising therapeutic intervention of leonurine in protecting against AS.	leonurine	13-22	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	128-136
29045950-12	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Leonurine can promote cholesterol efflux and alleviate cellular lipid accumulation by magnifying the expression of ABCA1/G1 in a PPARgamma/LXRalpha signaling pathway-dependent manner in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells and abate atherogenesis in apoE-/- mice, which may offer a promising therapeutic intervention of leonurine in protecting against AS.	leonurine	13-22	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens	142-151
29045950-12	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Leonurine can promote cholesterol efflux and alleviate cellular lipid accumulation by magnifying the expression of ABCA1/G1 in a PPARgamma/LXRalpha signaling pathway-dependent manner in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells and abate atherogenesis in apoE-/- mice, which may offer a promising therapeutic intervention of leonurine in protecting against AS.	leonurine	13-22	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3	Homo sapiens	152-160
29045950-12	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Leonurine can promote cholesterol efflux and alleviate cellular lipid accumulation by magnifying the expression of ABCA1/G1 in a PPARgamma/LXRalpha signaling pathway-dependent manner in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells and abate atherogenesis in apoE-/- mice, which may offer a promising therapeutic intervention of leonurine in protecting against AS.	leonurine	13-22	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	205-210
29045950-12	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Leonurine can promote cholesterol efflux and alleviate cellular lipid accumulation by magnifying the expression of ABCA1/G1 in a PPARgamma/LXRalpha signaling pathway-dependent manner in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells and abate atherogenesis in apoE-/- mice, which may offer a promising therapeutic intervention of leonurine in protecting against AS.	leonurine	13-22	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	268-272
29045950-12	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Leonurine can promote cholesterol efflux and alleviate cellular lipid accumulation by magnifying the expression of ABCA1/G1 in a PPARgamma/LXRalpha signaling pathway-dependent manner in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells and abate atherogenesis in apoE-/- mice, which may offer a promising therapeutic intervention of leonurine in protecting against AS.	leonurine	338-347	ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	128-136
27823628-12	2016	Moreover, leonurine obviously enhanced long-term depression, elevated the ratio of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2A/2B, and decreased the expression of postsynaptic density protein-95.	leonurine	10-19	discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4	Rattus norvegicus	152-183
27823628-13	2016	Interestingly, the ratio of LC3II/LC3I and beclin-1 expression were markedly down-regulated by leonurine.	leonurine	95-104	beclin 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-51
29441969-0	2016	Effects of leonurine on intracerebral haemorrhage by attenuation of perihematomal edema and neuroinflammation via the JNK pathway.	leonurine	11-20	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	118-121
29441969-6	2016	Consistent with the results of the in vivo study, leonurine significantly inhibited OxyHbinduced inflammatory proteins expression in BV-2 cells, mainly through inhibiting the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway.	leonurine	50-59	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	175-198
29441969-6	2016	Consistent with the results of the in vivo study, leonurine significantly inhibited OxyHbinduced inflammatory proteins expression in BV-2 cells, mainly through inhibiting the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway.	leonurine	50-59	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	200-203
25708053-3	2015	In this study, we investigated the effects of leonurine hydrochloride (LH) on receptor activator NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomy-induced bone loss.	leonurine	46-69	tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11	Mus musculus	78-113
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	153-180
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	182-191
25189466-8	2015	Therefore, the results demonstrated that leonurine could downregulate the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and upregulate the expression of IL-10 mainly by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and the activation of NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.	leonurine	41-50	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	99-103
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	194-207
25189466-8	2015	Therefore, the results demonstrated that leonurine could downregulate the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and upregulate the expression of IL-10 mainly by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and the activation of NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.	leonurine	41-50	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	105-109
25189466-8	2015	Therefore, the results demonstrated that leonurine could downregulate the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and upregulate the expression of IL-10 mainly by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and the activation of NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.	leonurine	41-50	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	115-120
25189466-8	2015	Therefore, the results demonstrated that leonurine could downregulate the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and upregulate the expression of IL-10 mainly by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and the activation of NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.	leonurine	41-50	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	154-159
25189466-8	2015	Therefore, the results demonstrated that leonurine could downregulate the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and upregulate the expression of IL-10 mainly by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and the activation of NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.	leonurine	41-50	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	199-203
25189466-8	2015	Therefore, the results demonstrated that leonurine could downregulate the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and upregulate the expression of IL-10 mainly by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and the activation of NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.	leonurine	41-50	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	263-266
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	209-213
25189466-8	2015	Therefore, the results demonstrated that leonurine could downregulate the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and upregulate the expression of IL-10 mainly by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and the activation of NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.	leonurine	41-50	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	268-271
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	268-282
25189466-8	2015	Therefore, the results demonstrated that leonurine could downregulate the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and upregulate the expression of IL-10 mainly by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and the activation of NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.	leonurine	41-50	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	277-280
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	284-289
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	324-355
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	357-361
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	367-383
25189466-6	2015	The results showed that leonurine significantly alleviated LPS-induced histopathological changes, downregulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulated the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).	leonurine	24-33	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	385-390
25189466-7	2015	Further study revealed that leonurine inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	leonurine	28-37	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	66-86
25189466-7	2015	Further study revealed that leonurine inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	leonurine	28-37	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	88-92
25189466-7	2015	Further study revealed that leonurine inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	leonurine	28-37	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	177-180
25189466-7	2015	Further study revealed that leonurine inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	leonurine	28-37	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	182-219
25189466-7	2015	Further study revealed that leonurine inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	leonurine	28-37	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	221-224
25189466-7	2015	Further study revealed that leonurine inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	leonurine	28-37	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	231-252
25189466-7	2015	Further study revealed that leonurine inhibited the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).	leonurine	28-37	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	254-257
25189466-8	2015	Therefore, the results demonstrated that leonurine could downregulate the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and upregulate the expression of IL-10 mainly by inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and the activation of NF-kappaB and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK.	leonurine	41-50	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	88-97
23127783-0	2013	Leonurine (SCM-198) attenuates myocardial fibrotic response via inhibition of NADPH oxidase 4.	leonurine	0-9	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	78-93
24635759-4	2014	Among 12 recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), UGT1A1, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, and UGT1A10 showed catalyzing activity toward leonurine glucuronidation.	leonurine	134-143	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	64-70
24635759-4	2014	Among 12 recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), UGT1A1, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, and UGT1A10 showed catalyzing activity toward leonurine glucuronidation.	leonurine	134-143	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A8	Homo sapiens	72-78
24635759-4	2014	Among 12 recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), UGT1A1, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, and UGT1A10 showed catalyzing activity toward leonurine glucuronidation.	leonurine	134-143	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A9	Homo sapiens	80-86
24635759-4	2014	Among 12 recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), UGT1A1, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, and UGT1A10 showed catalyzing activity toward leonurine glucuronidation.	leonurine	134-143	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A10	Homo sapiens	92-99
24635759-6	2014	Both chemical inhibition study and correlation study demonstrated that leonurine glucuronidation activities in HLMs had significant relationship with UGT1A1 activities.	leonurine	71-80	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	150-156
24635759-8	2014	UGT1A1 was principal enzyme that responsible for leonurine glucuronidation in human liver and intestine microsomes.	leonurine	49-58	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1	Homo sapiens	0-6
23127783-2	2013	Herein, we investigated the roles and the possible mechanisms of leonurine for reducing fibrotic responses in angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated primary neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts and post-myocardial infarction (MI) rats.	leonurine	65-74	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	110-124
23127783-2	2013	Herein, we investigated the roles and the possible mechanisms of leonurine for reducing fibrotic responses in angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated primary neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts and post-myocardial infarction (MI) rats.	leonurine	65-74	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	126-132
23127783-3	2013	In in vitro experiments performed in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts, leonurine (10-20 muM) pretreatment attenuated Ang II-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9, and expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and types I and III collagen.	leonurine	71-80	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	117-123
23127783-3	2013	In in vitro experiments performed in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts, leonurine (10-20 muM) pretreatment attenuated Ang II-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9, and expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and types I and III collagen.	leonurine	71-80	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	146-187
23127783-3	2013	In in vitro experiments performed in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts, leonurine (10-20 muM) pretreatment attenuated Ang II-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9, and expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and types I and III collagen.	leonurine	71-80	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	275-309
23127783-5	2013	In vivo studies using a post-MI model in rats indicated that administration of leonurine inhibited myocardial fibrosis while reducing cardiac Nox4 expression, ROS production, NF-kappaB activation, and plasma MMP-2 activity.	leonurine	79-88	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	142-146
23127783-5	2013	In vivo studies using a post-MI model in rats indicated that administration of leonurine inhibited myocardial fibrosis while reducing cardiac Nox4 expression, ROS production, NF-kappaB activation, and plasma MMP-2 activity.	leonurine	79-88	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	208-213
23127783-6	2013	In conclusion, our results provide the first evidence that leonurine could prevent cardiac fibrosis and the activation of cardiac fibroblasts partly through modulation of a Nox4-ROS pathway.	leonurine	59-68	NADPH oxidase 4	Rattus norvegicus	173-177
19594556-11	2009	Correspondingly, leonurine treatment increased Bcl-2 protein levels and decreased Bax protein levels.	leonurine	17-26	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	47-52
22842526-0	2012	Leonurine protects brain injury by increased activities of UCP4, SOD, CAT and Bcl-2, decreased levels of MDA and Bax, and ameliorated ultrastructure of mitochondria in experimental stroke.	leonurine	0-9	solute carrier family 25, member 27	Rattus norvegicus	59-63
22842526-0	2012	Leonurine protects brain injury by increased activities of UCP4, SOD, CAT and Bcl-2, decreased levels of MDA and Bax, and ameliorated ultrastructure of mitochondria in experimental stroke.	leonurine	0-9	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	70-73
22842526-0	2012	Leonurine protects brain injury by increased activities of UCP4, SOD, CAT and Bcl-2, decreased levels of MDA and Bax, and ameliorated ultrastructure of mitochondria in experimental stroke.	leonurine	0-9	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	78-83
22842526-0	2012	Leonurine protects brain injury by increased activities of UCP4, SOD, CAT and Bcl-2, decreased levels of MDA and Bax, and ameliorated ultrastructure of mitochondria in experimental stroke.	leonurine	0-9	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	113-116
22842526-7	2012	RESULTS: Leonurine significantly alleviated neurological deficit, decreased brain water content and infarct volume after ischemic stroke, which was accompanied by decreased levels of MDA and Bax, increased activities of SOD, CAT, UCP4, and Bcl-2, and restored ultrastructure of mitochondria.	leonurine	9-18	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	191-194
22842526-7	2012	RESULTS: Leonurine significantly alleviated neurological deficit, decreased brain water content and infarct volume after ischemic stroke, which was accompanied by decreased levels of MDA and Bax, increased activities of SOD, CAT, UCP4, and Bcl-2, and restored ultrastructure of mitochondria.	leonurine	9-18	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	225-228
21093517-3	2011	Pretreatment with SCM198 (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 muM) concentration-dependently increased the cell viability as measured in MTT and LDH leakage assays compared with 6-OHDA-injured cells.	leonurine	18-24	latexin	Homo sapiens	54-57
21093517-5	2011	Furthermore, we assessed oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis, the critical players in dopaminergic neurodegeneration, with 0.1, 1, and 10 muM of SCM198 in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 6-OHDA.	leonurine	151-157	latexin	Homo sapiens	144-147
21093517-6	2011	Pretreatment with SCM198 significantly increased antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase activity, ameliorated intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, prevented the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased apoptotic cell death in Hoechst 33258 staining, as well as down-regulated Bax and up-regulated Bcl-2 in both mRNA and protein levels compared with 6-OHDA damaged cells.	leonurine	18-24	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	308-311
21093517-6	2011	Pretreatment with SCM198 significantly increased antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase activity, ameliorated intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, prevented the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased apoptotic cell death in Hoechst 33258 staining, as well as down-regulated Bax and up-regulated Bcl-2 in both mRNA and protein levels compared with 6-OHDA damaged cells.	leonurine	18-24	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	329-334
21139233-10	2010	Western blot analysis showed a marked decrease in the expression of Bax and an increase of Bcl-2 as a result of leonurine treatment.	leonurine	112-121	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	68-71
21139233-10	2010	Western blot analysis showed a marked decrease in the expression of Bax and an increase of Bcl-2 as a result of leonurine treatment.	leonurine	112-121	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	91-96
22842526-7	2012	RESULTS: Leonurine significantly alleviated neurological deficit, decreased brain water content and infarct volume after ischemic stroke, which was accompanied by decreased levels of MDA and Bax, increased activities of SOD, CAT, UCP4, and Bcl-2, and restored ultrastructure of mitochondria.	leonurine	9-18	solute carrier family 25, member 27	Rattus norvegicus	230-234
22842526-7	2012	RESULTS: Leonurine significantly alleviated neurological deficit, decreased brain water content and infarct volume after ischemic stroke, which was accompanied by decreased levels of MDA and Bax, increased activities of SOD, CAT, UCP4, and Bcl-2, and restored ultrastructure of mitochondria.	leonurine	9-18	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	240-245
22842526-8	2012	CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that leonurine protected brain injury by increased activities of UCP4, SOD, CAT and Bcl-2, decreased levels of MDA and Bax, and ameliorated ultrastructure of mitochondria in experimental stroke.	leonurine	37-46	solute carrier family 25, member 27	Rattus norvegicus	97-101
22842526-8	2012	CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that leonurine protected brain injury by increased activities of UCP4, SOD, CAT and Bcl-2, decreased levels of MDA and Bax, and ameliorated ultrastructure of mitochondria in experimental stroke.	leonurine	37-46	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	108-111
22842526-8	2012	CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that leonurine protected brain injury by increased activities of UCP4, SOD, CAT and Bcl-2, decreased levels of MDA and Bax, and ameliorated ultrastructure of mitochondria in experimental stroke.	leonurine	37-46	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	116-121
22842526-8	2012	CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that leonurine protected brain injury by increased activities of UCP4, SOD, CAT and Bcl-2, decreased levels of MDA and Bax, and ameliorated ultrastructure of mitochondria in experimental stroke.	leonurine	37-46	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	151-154
22326051-2	2012	This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that leonurine was able to attenuate tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) activation and the underlying molecular mechanisms.	leonurine	53-62	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	85-118
22326051-4	2012	RESULTS: Leonurine inhibited U937 cells adhesion to TNF-alpha-activated HUVEC in a concentration dependent manner.	leonurine	9-18	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	52-61
22326051-5	2012	Treatment with leonurine blocked TNF-alpha-induced mRNA and protein expression of adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), cyclooxygenase-2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in endothelial cells.	leonurine	15-24	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	33-42
22326051-5	2012	Treatment with leonurine blocked TNF-alpha-induced mRNA and protein expression of adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), cyclooxygenase-2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in endothelial cells.	leonurine	15-24	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	102-135
22326051-5	2012	Treatment with leonurine blocked TNF-alpha-induced mRNA and protein expression of adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), cyclooxygenase-2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in endothelial cells.	leonurine	15-24	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	140-173
22326051-5	2012	Treatment with leonurine blocked TNF-alpha-induced mRNA and protein expression of adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), cyclooxygenase-2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in endothelial cells.	leonurine	15-24	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	176-192
22326051-5	2012	Treatment with leonurine blocked TNF-alpha-induced mRNA and protein expression of adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), cyclooxygenase-2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in endothelial cells.	leonurine	15-24	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	198-232
22326051-6	2012	In addition, leonurine attenuated TNF-alpha-induced intracellular ROS production in HUVEC.	leonurine	13-22	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	34-43
22326051-7	2012	Furthermore, leonurine also suppressed the TNF-alpha-activated p38 phosphorylation and IkappaBalpha degradation.	leonurine	13-22	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	43-52
22326051-7	2012	Furthermore, leonurine also suppressed the TNF-alpha-activated p38 phosphorylation and IkappaBalpha degradation.	leonurine	13-22	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	63-66
22326051-7	2012	Furthermore, leonurine also suppressed the TNF-alpha-activated p38 phosphorylation and IkappaBalpha degradation.	leonurine	13-22	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	87-99
22326051-9	2012	CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated for the first time that the anti-inflammatory properties of leonurine in endothelial cells, at least in part, through suppression of NF-kappaB activation, which may have a potential therapeutic use for inflammatory vascular diseases.	leonurine	98-107	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	171-180
22305882-3	2012	We found that leonurine pretreatment concentration-dependently attenuated LPS-induced mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.	leonurine	14-23	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	105-138
22305882-3	2012	We found that leonurine pretreatment concentration-dependently attenuated LPS-induced mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.	leonurine	14-23	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	140-146
22305882-3	2012	We found that leonurine pretreatment concentration-dependently attenuated LPS-induced mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.	leonurine	14-23	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	149-182
22305882-3	2012	We found that leonurine pretreatment concentration-dependently attenuated LPS-induced mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.	leonurine	14-23	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	184-190
22305882-3	2012	We found that leonurine pretreatment concentration-dependently attenuated LPS-induced mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.	leonurine	14-23	selectin E	Homo sapiens	193-203
22305882-3	2012	We found that leonurine pretreatment concentration-dependently attenuated LPS-induced mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.	leonurine	14-23	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	209-243
22305882-4	2012	Meanwhile, LPS-mediated expression/release of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and cyclooxygenase-2, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha was also reduced by leonurine.	leonurine	136-145	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	46-52
22305882-4	2012	Meanwhile, LPS-mediated expression/release of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and cyclooxygenase-2, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha was also reduced by leonurine.	leonurine	136-145	vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	54-60
22305882-4	2012	Meanwhile, LPS-mediated expression/release of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and cyclooxygenase-2, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha was also reduced by leonurine.	leonurine	136-145	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	66-115
22305882-5	2012	In addition, we confirmed that leonurine suppressed degradation of IkappaBalpha and phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) p65 as well as production of intracellular reactive oxygen species in a concentration dependent manner.	leonurine	31-40	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Homo sapiens	67-79
22305882-5	2012	In addition, we confirmed that leonurine suppressed degradation of IkappaBalpha and phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) p65 as well as production of intracellular reactive oxygen species in a concentration dependent manner.	leonurine	31-40	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	137-140
22305882-6	2012	Furthermore, the cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 could be upregulated in leonurine-treated HUVEC.	leonurine	80-89	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	39-55
20854808-8	2010	Interestingly, leonurine increased the phosphorylation of Akt, the protein and gene expression of Bcl-2, but it reduced the protein and gene expression of Bax in vivo.	leonurine	15-24	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-61
20854808-8	2010	Interestingly, leonurine increased the phosphorylation of Akt, the protein and gene expression of Bcl-2, but it reduced the protein and gene expression of Bax in vivo.	leonurine	15-24	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	98-103
20854808-8	2010	Interestingly, leonurine increased the phosphorylation of Akt, the protein and gene expression of Bcl-2, but it reduced the protein and gene expression of Bax in vivo.	leonurine	15-24	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	155-158
20854808-9	2010	Meanwhile leonurine significantly increased Akt phosphorylation in a concentration-dependent manner in H9c2 cardiac myocyte induced by oxidative stress in vitro, which was abolished by a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002.	leonurine	10-19	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-47
20854808-10	2010	Furthermore, leonurine not only increased the expression of HIF-1alpha but also the expression of survivin and VEGF.	leonurine	13-22	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	60-70
20854808-10	2010	Furthermore, leonurine not only increased the expression of HIF-1alpha but also the expression of survivin and VEGF.	leonurine	13-22	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Rattus norvegicus	111-115
20854808-11	2010	The results of present study demonstrated, for the first time that leonurine has potent anti-apoptotic effects after chronic myocardial ischemia mediated by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.	leonurine	67-76	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	177-180
20185283-6	2010	Moreover, the mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax was significantly down-regulated by 0.68-fold (p &lt; 0.05) and the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 was up-regulated by 1.41-fold (p &lt; 0.05) in the leonurine treated groups as compared with acute myocardium ischemia (MI) controls measured by RT-PCR.	leonurine	205-214	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	56-59
20185283-6	2010	Moreover, the mRNA expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax was significantly down-regulated by 0.68-fold (p &lt; 0.05) and the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 was up-regulated by 1.41-fold (p &lt; 0.05) in the leonurine treated groups as compared with acute myocardium ischemia (MI) controls measured by RT-PCR.	leonurine	205-214	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	148-153
19940642-3	2009	The fraction of annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate-positive cells was increased by hypoxia but reduced by leonurine.	leonurine	108-117	annexin A5	Rattus norvegicus	16-25
19594556-10	2009	In the leonurine-treated group, gene expression levels of pro-apoptotic genes, namely Bax and Fas, were significantly downregulated (by 0.95- and 0.72-fold, respectively; P &lt; 0.001) compared with the hypoxic control group, whereas the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl was upregulated following leonurine treatment (by 1.03- and 1.07-fold, respectively; P &lt; 0.05).	leonurine	7-16	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
19594556-10	2009	In the leonurine-treated group, gene expression levels of pro-apoptotic genes, namely Bax and Fas, were significantly downregulated (by 0.95- and 0.72-fold, respectively; P &lt; 0.001) compared with the hypoxic control group, whereas the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl was upregulated following leonurine treatment (by 1.03- and 1.07-fold, respectively; P &lt; 0.05).	leonurine	7-16	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	252-257
19594556-10	2009	In the leonurine-treated group, gene expression levels of pro-apoptotic genes, namely Bax and Fas, were significantly downregulated (by 0.95- and 0.72-fold, respectively; P &lt; 0.001) compared with the hypoxic control group, whereas the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl was upregulated following leonurine treatment (by 1.03- and 1.07-fold, respectively; P &lt; 0.05).	leonurine	7-16	Bcl2-like 1	Rattus norvegicus	262-268
19594556-11	2009	Correspondingly, leonurine treatment increased Bcl-2 protein levels and decreased Bax protein levels.	leonurine	17-26	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	82-85
19594556-12	2009	Assays investigating cardiac anti-oxidant enzymes provided further evidence for a protective effect of leonurine, as indicated by the induction of the anti-oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase.	leonurine	103-112	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	197-205
19356731-8	2009	Leonurine also attenuated DOX-induced high expression of Bax, increased Bcl-2 expression in both protein and mRNA level.	leonurine	0-9	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	57-60
19356731-8	2009	Leonurine also attenuated DOX-induced high expression of Bax, increased Bcl-2 expression in both protein and mRNA level.	leonurine	0-9	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	72-77