PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text compound_name comp_offset prot_official_name organism prot_offset 23557791-1 2013 AIMS: Both steroid pulse (SP) monotherapy and the combination of tonsillectomy and SP therapy (TSP) are effective for achieving clinical remission (CR), defined as negative hematuria and proteinuria, in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). sp 83-85 IGAN1 Homo sapiens 234-238 23557791-13 2013 CONCLUSION: Tonsillectomy was associated with a reduction in the relapse rate from CR after SP therapy in IgAN patients. sp 92-94 IGAN1 Homo sapiens 106-110 23453963-3 2013 The sex peptide receptor (SPR) has been characterized and recently, its activation by Drosophila myoinhibiting peptides (MIPs)-in addition to SP-has been demonstrated. sp 26-28 Sex peptide receptor Drosophila melanogaster 4-24 23464785-0 2013 Sp sites contribute to basal and inducible expression of the human TNIP1 (TNFalpha-inducible protein 3-interacting protein 1) promoter. sp 0-2 TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 67-72 23643808-4 2013 In this work, we measured the circulating levels of PREP in patients suffering of relapsing remitting (RR), secondary progressive (SP), primary progressive (PP) MS, and in subjects with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). sp 131-133 prolyl endopeptidase Homo sapiens 52-56 23464785-0 2013 Sp sites contribute to basal and inducible expression of the human TNIP1 (TNFalpha-inducible protein 3-interacting protein 1) promoter. sp 0-2 TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 74-124 23524324-6 2013 SP increase by LMP2A was also responsible for colony formation in soft agar. sp 0-2 LMP2A Human gammaherpesvirus 4 15-20 23738757-8 2013 Furthermore, Nanog expression was significantly higher in SP than in non-SP. sp 58-60 Nanog homeobox Homo sapiens 13-18 23738757-8 2013 Furthermore, Nanog expression was significantly higher in SP than in non-SP. sp 73-75 Nanog homeobox Homo sapiens 13-18 22552360-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Based on the results of the SPIRITS trial, combination chemotherapy of S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) is now considered the standard treatment for patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) in Japan. sp 40-42 proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 1 Homo sapiens 83-86 23464785-10 2013 This Sp-binding GC-rich region of the TNIP1 promoter also participates in transcriptional activation by ligand-bound RAR. sp 5-7 TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1 Homo sapiens 38-43 23464785-10 2013 This Sp-binding GC-rich region of the TNIP1 promoter also participates in transcriptional activation by ligand-bound RAR. sp 5-7 retinoic acid receptor alpha Homo sapiens 117-120 23524324-7 2013 The LMP2A-mediated SP increase depended on the activations of Stat3, MEK/ERK, and PI3K pathways, and on upregulation of HMGA2. sp 19-21 LMP2A Human gammaherpesvirus 4 4-9 23524324-7 2013 The LMP2A-mediated SP increase depended on the activations of Stat3, MEK/ERK, and PI3K pathways, and on upregulation of HMGA2. sp 19-21 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 Homo sapiens 62-67 23524324-7 2013 The LMP2A-mediated SP increase depended on the activations of Stat3, MEK/ERK, and PI3K pathways, and on upregulation of HMGA2. sp 19-21 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 Homo sapiens 69-72 23524324-7 2013 The LMP2A-mediated SP increase depended on the activations of Stat3, MEK/ERK, and PI3K pathways, and on upregulation of HMGA2. sp 19-21 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 73-76 23524324-8 2013 Enrichment of SP, stem-like cells, by LMP2A promoted the transformation capability of LMP2A from non-transformed cells. sp 14-16 LMP2A Human gammaherpesvirus 4 38-43 23524324-8 2013 Enrichment of SP, stem-like cells, by LMP2A promoted the transformation capability of LMP2A from non-transformed cells. sp 14-16 LMP2A Human gammaherpesvirus 4 86-91 23450319-1 2013 The objective of the present study was to examine and determine whether the human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 contains side population (SP) cells, and, if so, to increase the proportion of SP cells using arabinosylcytosine (Ara-C). sp 149-151 GLI family zinc finger 2 Homo sapiens 117-122 22958366-6 2013 Furthermore, miRNA expression analysis showed that miR-130b, targeting the PPAR-gamma 3"-untranslated region (UTR), and miR-374b, targeting the C/EBP-beta 3"-UTR, were significantly increased in the LP group compared with the SP group; other candidate regulatory miRNA were expressed similarly in both groups. sp 226-228 microRNA 130b Sus scrofa 51-59 23651491-8 2013 Vascular endothelial growth factor was more effective in promoting proliferation of CD31(-)CD146(-)SP cells compared with other growth factors, and estrogen and progesterone at a final concentration of 10 mumol/L and 30 mumol/L, respectively, promoted the migration of CD31()-CD146(-)SP cells in a dose-dependent manner. sp 99-101 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 0-34 23651491-8 2013 Vascular endothelial growth factor was more effective in promoting proliferation of CD31(-)CD146(-)SP cells compared with other growth factors, and estrogen and progesterone at a final concentration of 10 mumol/L and 30 mumol/L, respectively, promoted the migration of CD31()-CD146(-)SP cells in a dose-dependent manner. sp 284-286 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 0-34 23450319-2 2013 Fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry were employed to detect the percentage of SP cells in THP-1 cells. sp 84-86 GLI family zinc finger 2 Homo sapiens 96-101 23450319-4 2013 THP-1 cells were incubated with different concentrations of Ara-C for 24 h and the proportion of SP cells was detected. sp 97-99 GLI family zinc finger 2 Homo sapiens 0-5 23064049-4 2013 SP, ALDEFLUOR-positive (ALDEFLUOR(+)) and CD44-positive and CD24-positive (CD44(+)CD24(+)) cell rates were lower in DNMT1(-/-) cells than in HCT116 w/t cells. sp 0-2 DNA methyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 116-121 23334952-4 2013 The complete loss of B-Raf is accompanied by a dramatic loss of ERK activation in both the double positive (DP) and single positive (SP) thymocytes, as well as peripheral splenocytes. sp 133-135 B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 21-26 23334952-4 2013 The complete loss of B-Raf is accompanied by a dramatic loss of ERK activation in both the double positive (DP) and single positive (SP) thymocytes, as well as peripheral splenocytes. sp 133-135 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 64-67 23262141-2 2013 Therefore, we investigated whether the sulfated polysaccharide (SP) of E. cava specifically activates the protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) to incite immune responses. sp 64-66 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 157-165 23282080-8 2013 The patterns of expression differed both spatially and temporally, with phases of peak Dio2 expression in the median eminence and tuberoinfundibular sulcus, as well as in the paraventricular zone (PVZ) (maximal under LP), whereas Dio3 expression was always confined to the PVZ (maximal under SP). sp 292-294 type II iodothyronine deiodinase Ovis aries 87-91 23360166-4 2013 The results showed that P, SS, and SP could significantly down-regulate the average mRNA levels of Hsp70 (17.3, 23.7, and 40.1%) and Hsp27 (22.4, 24.4, and 44.7%) of the tissues, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas SS and SP could significantly elevate Se concentration, GPx1 activity and mRNA level (P < 0.05). sp 35-37 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4 Homo sapiens 99-104 23360166-4 2013 The results showed that P, SS, and SP could significantly down-regulate the average mRNA levels of Hsp70 (17.3, 23.7, and 40.1%) and Hsp27 (22.4, 24.4, and 44.7%) of the tissues, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas SS and SP could significantly elevate Se concentration, GPx1 activity and mRNA level (P < 0.05). sp 35-37 heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 Homo sapiens 133-138 23360166-4 2013 The results showed that P, SS, and SP could significantly down-regulate the average mRNA levels of Hsp70 (17.3, 23.7, and 40.1%) and Hsp27 (22.4, 24.4, and 44.7%) of the tissues, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas SS and SP could significantly elevate Se concentration, GPx1 activity and mRNA level (P < 0.05). sp 35-37 glutathione peroxidase 1 Homo sapiens 271-275 23360166-4 2013 The results showed that P, SS, and SP could significantly down-regulate the average mRNA levels of Hsp70 (17.3, 23.7, and 40.1%) and Hsp27 (22.4, 24.4, and 44.7%) of the tissues, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas SS and SP could significantly elevate Se concentration, GPx1 activity and mRNA level (P < 0.05). sp 222-224 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4 Homo sapiens 99-104 23352421-13 2013 It is concluded from the findings that exposure of cows to IP and SP before and after calving resulted in two groups of cows with different metabolic homeostasis and that the greater circulating concentrations of insulin, glucose, IGF-1 and leptin promoted the earlier resumption of ovulation for cows on IP. sp 66-68 insulin Bos taurus 213-220 23352421-13 2013 It is concluded from the findings that exposure of cows to IP and SP before and after calving resulted in two groups of cows with different metabolic homeostasis and that the greater circulating concentrations of insulin, glucose, IGF-1 and leptin promoted the earlier resumption of ovulation for cows on IP. sp 66-68 insulin like growth factor 1 Bos taurus 231-236 23245334-5 2013 Conditioned medium from pulp CD31(-) SP cells produced potent anti-apoptotic activity and neurite outgrowth, compared to those from bone marrow and adipose CD31(-) SP cells. sp 37-39 platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Mus musculus 29-33 23245334-6 2013 Transplantation of pulp CD31(-) SP cells in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model produced higher blood flow and capillary density than transplantation of bone marrow and adipose CD31(-) SP cells. sp 32-34 platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Mus musculus 24-28 23245334-8 2013 Pulp CD31(-) SP cells induced maximal angiogenesis, neurogenesis and pulp regeneration in ectopic transplantation models compared to other tissue sources. sp 13-15 platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Mus musculus 5-9 23262141-9 2013 The subsequent application of JNK (SP600125), NFkappaB (PDTC), and serine protease (TPCK) inhibitors significantly inhibited the proliferation and IL-2 production of SP-treated lymphocytes as well as the phosphorylation of JNK and IkappaB, the activation of nuclear NFkappaB p65, and binding of NFkappaB p65 DNA. sp 35-37 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Mus musculus 30-33 23262141-10 2013 Moreover, co-application of both JNK and NFkappaB inhibitors completely blocked the proliferation of lymphocytes even in the presence of SP. sp 137-139 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Mus musculus 33-36 23262141-10 2013 Moreover, co-application of both JNK and NFkappaB inhibitors completely blocked the proliferation of lymphocytes even in the presence of SP. sp 137-139 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 41-49 23262141-11 2013 CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SP induced T and B cell responses via both JNK and NFkappaB pathways. sp 39-41 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Mus musculus 82-85 23262141-11 2013 CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SP induced T and B cell responses via both JNK and NFkappaB pathways. sp 39-41 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 90-98 23880000-2 2013 METHODS: SP (streptavidin-peroxidase) staining method was used to examine the Robo1 expression in specimens from 80 cases of NSCLC, 52 cases of adjacent non-cancerous tissues and 72 cases of lung cancer with single brain metastasis (without metastasis in other organs). sp 9-11 roundabout guidance receptor 1 Homo sapiens 78-83 23354098-8 2013 Taken together, our results demonstrate the importance of the GLP-1 system in regulating SP production and lung development. sp 89-91 glucagon Rattus norvegicus 62-67 23426065-9 2013 Cumulatively, our results suggest that gastric tumorigenesis associated with SGC-7901 may partly be driven by the activity of SP cells, which exhibit certain biological characteristics of stem cells. sp 126-128 sarcoglycan beta Homo sapiens 77-80 22974371-6 2013 Here, we found that emodin, via ROS-related mechanism and suppressing the function of ATP-binding cassette super-family G member (ABCG2), which is known to be associated with Hoechst dye efflux activity of SP cells, not only reduced the ratio, inhibited clone formation, and eliminated sphere formation of SP cells effectively, but also promoted obviously the intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin, the main substrate of the efflux pump ABCG2. sp 206-208 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 130-135 22815231-5 2013 TA treatment and Sp knockdown in RD and RH30 cells also showed that four genes that are emerging as individual drug targets for treating RMS, namely c-MET, insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR), PDGFRalpha and CXCR4, are also Sp-regulated genes. sp 17-19 MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 149-154 22974371-6 2013 Here, we found that emodin, via ROS-related mechanism and suppressing the function of ATP-binding cassette super-family G member (ABCG2), which is known to be associated with Hoechst dye efflux activity of SP cells, not only reduced the ratio, inhibited clone formation, and eliminated sphere formation of SP cells effectively, but also promoted obviously the intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin, the main substrate of the efflux pump ABCG2. sp 306-308 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 130-135 22974371-7 2013 In addition, emodin could sensitize CDDP, via inhibition of expression of ABCG2, to overcome chemoresistance of SP cells. sp 112-114 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 74-79 23527967-12 2013 The heterozygous mutation of R219W in the SFPTA1 and the S186N in SFTPC were identified by SP-related gene sequencing. sp 91-93 surfactant protein C Homo sapiens 66-71 22907049-8 2013 Moreover, the SP inhibitors more selectively blocked SCF potentiation of FceRI-mediated degranulation. sp 14-16 KIT ligand Homo sapiens 53-56 22907049-8 2013 Moreover, the SP inhibitors more selectively blocked SCF potentiation of FceRI-mediated degranulation. sp 14-16 membrane spanning 4-domains A2 Homo sapiens 73-78 22907049-9 2013 Overall, SP inhibitors represent an innovative mechanism of KIT inhibition whose dual suppression of KIT D816V neoplastic mast cell proliferation and SCF-enhanced mast cell activation may provide significant therapeutic benefits. sp 9-11 KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 60-63 22907049-9 2013 Overall, SP inhibitors represent an innovative mechanism of KIT inhibition whose dual suppression of KIT D816V neoplastic mast cell proliferation and SCF-enhanced mast cell activation may provide significant therapeutic benefits. sp 9-11 KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 101-104 22907049-9 2013 Overall, SP inhibitors represent an innovative mechanism of KIT inhibition whose dual suppression of KIT D816V neoplastic mast cell proliferation and SCF-enhanced mast cell activation may provide significant therapeutic benefits. sp 9-11 KIT ligand Homo sapiens 150-153 23864886-6 2013 Furthermore, hypoxia in vivo and in vitro induced the increase in the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, hepatocyte growth factor, and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha in kidney SP but not non-SP cells. sp 225-227 hepatocyte growth factor Homo sapiens 149-173 22724395-6 2013 RESULTS: Alcohol-naive sP rats had higher basal POMC mRNA levels than sNP rats only in hypothalamus. sp 23-25 proopiomelanocortin Rattus norvegicus 48-52 22724395-7 2013 Alcohol drinking increased POMC mRNA levels in both the NAc shell (by 100%) and the hypothalamus (by 50%) of sP rats. sp 109-111 proopiomelanocortin Rattus norvegicus 27-31 22724395-10 2013 Higher POMC expression at basal levels in sP rats (genetically determined), along with increases after drinking (alcohol-induced) in the NAc shell and hypothalamus, suggests that the POMC systems play a role in high alcohol preference and consumption. sp 42-44 proopiomelanocortin Rattus norvegicus 7-11 23032069-14 2013 Collectively, these findings provide evidence for a crucial role for the MEK/ERK-ABCG2 pathway in protecting kidney SP cells from ischemic/hypoxic injury. sp 116-118 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 Homo sapiens 73-76 23032069-14 2013 Collectively, these findings provide evidence for a crucial role for the MEK/ERK-ABCG2 pathway in protecting kidney SP cells from ischemic/hypoxic injury. sp 116-118 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 77-80 23032069-14 2013 Collectively, these findings provide evidence for a crucial role for the MEK/ERK-ABCG2 pathway in protecting kidney SP cells from ischemic/hypoxic injury. sp 116-118 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 81-86 23032069-6 2013 We found that hypoxia activated ERK activity in the kidney SP cells but not in non-SP cells both in vitro and in vivo. sp 59-61 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 32-35 23662112-5 2013 Apoptosis of honokiol-treated SP cells was evidenced by increased annexin V staining and cleaved caspase-3 as well as decreased Survivin and Bcl-2. sp 30-32 annexin A5 Homo sapiens 66-75 23662112-5 2013 Apoptosis of honokiol-treated SP cells was evidenced by increased annexin V staining and cleaved caspase-3 as well as decreased Survivin and Bcl-2. sp 30-32 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 141-146 23662112-6 2013 Mechanistically, honokiol inhibited the CD44 and Wnt/ beta -catenin signaling of SP cells. sp 81-83 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) Homo sapiens 40-44 23662112-6 2013 Mechanistically, honokiol inhibited the CD44 and Wnt/ beta -catenin signaling of SP cells. sp 81-83 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 54-67 23662112-7 2013 The Wnt signaling transducers such as beta -catenin and TCF-4 were decreased in honokiol-treated SP cells, while the beta -catenin degradation promoting kinase GSK-3 alpha / beta was increased. sp 97-99 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 38-51 23662112-7 2013 The Wnt signaling transducers such as beta -catenin and TCF-4 were decreased in honokiol-treated SP cells, while the beta -catenin degradation promoting kinase GSK-3 alpha / beta was increased. sp 97-99 transcription factor 4 Homo sapiens 56-61 23089473-7 2012 Hypoxia induced SP cell proliferation, and microarray analysis showed that the expression of CYP2C9 was significantly increased in hypoxic than normoxic SP cells. sp 16-18 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 Homo sapiens 93-99 23530649-8 2013 RQ decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions of RQ with the miR-27a-ZBTB10-axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 79-81 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 68-74 23530649-8 2013 RQ decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions of RQ with the miR-27a-ZBTB10-axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 79-81 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 137-144 23530649-8 2013 RQ decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions of RQ with the miR-27a-ZBTB10-axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 79-81 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 145-151 23530649-8 2013 RQ decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions of RQ with the miR-27a-ZBTB10-axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 172-174 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 13-25 23530649-8 2013 RQ decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions of RQ with the miR-27a-ZBTB10-axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 172-174 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 27-34 23530649-8 2013 RQ decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions of RQ with the miR-27a-ZBTB10-axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 172-174 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 68-74 23530649-8 2013 RQ decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions of RQ with the miR-27a-ZBTB10-axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 172-174 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 137-144 23530649-8 2013 RQ decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions of RQ with the miR-27a-ZBTB10-axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 172-174 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 145-151 23678642-8 2012 In the presence of calmodulin, basal ATPase activity was increased by at least four fold in erythrocytes from healthy subjects (CT) while the basal activity of the enzymes in membranes of BC, SP and MC was enhanced by about one and half times the activity of the pump in membranes from CT. sp 192-194 calmodulin 1 Homo sapiens 19-29 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 131-133 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 28-40 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 131-133 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 42-49 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 131-133 microRNA 20a Homo sapiens 55-62 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 131-133 microRNA 17 Homo sapiens 63-72 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 131-133 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 146-152 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 131-133 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 Homo sapiens 157-162 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 28-40 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 42-49 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 microRNA 20a Homo sapiens 55-62 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 microRNA 17 Homo sapiens 63-72 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 146-152 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 Homo sapiens 157-162 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 28-40 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 42-49 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 microRNA 20a Homo sapiens 55-62 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 microRNA 17 Homo sapiens 63-72 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 146-152 22583404-6 2012 ROS decreases expression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and miR-20a/miR-17-5p and this results in the induction of the transcriptional "Sp-repressors" ZBTB10 and ZBTB4, respectively, which in turn downregulate Sp and Sp-regulated genes. sp 205-207 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 Homo sapiens 157-162 23595117-2 2013 METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the gene expression of TRAF2 (TNF receptor-associated factor 2) and RIP (receptor-interacting protein) in peripheral blood leukocytes of 23 relapsing-remitting (RR), 19 secondary progressive (SP) and 12 primary progressive (PP) MS patients as well as of 29 healthy controls by quantitative RT-PCR. sp 244-246 TNF receptor associated factor 2 Homo sapiens 75-80 22160191-10 2012 However, SP and SPP recovered the concentrations of Acrp30 and leptin, and attenuated steatosis. sp 9-11 adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing Rattus norvegicus 52-58 23065200-4 2012 In addition, SP significantly enhanced cerebral Bcl-2, c-Fos and decreased Bax, Caspase-3 proteins positive expression. sp 13-15 BCL2, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 48-53 23158334-3 2012 HP, which consists of the aptamer sequence of Lys, is partially complementary to SP. sp 81-83 lysozyme Homo sapiens 46-49 23065200-4 2012 In addition, SP significantly enhanced cerebral Bcl-2, c-Fos and decreased Bax, Caspase-3 proteins positive expression. sp 13-15 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 55-60 23065200-4 2012 In addition, SP significantly enhanced cerebral Bcl-2, c-Fos and decreased Bax, Caspase-3 proteins positive expression. sp 13-15 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 75-78 23065200-4 2012 In addition, SP significantly enhanced cerebral Bcl-2, c-Fos and decreased Bax, Caspase-3 proteins positive expression. sp 13-15 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 80-89 23065200-5 2012 Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that SP markedly enhanced Bcl-2, and decreased Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 69-71 BCL2, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 90-95 23065200-5 2012 Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that SP markedly enhanced Bcl-2, and decreased Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 69-71 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 111-114 23065200-5 2012 Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that SP markedly enhanced Bcl-2, and decreased Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 69-71 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 116-125 23065200-5 2012 Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that SP markedly enhanced Bcl-2, and decreased Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 69-71 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 130-139 23065200-6 2012 Our results confirm that SP can play the protective action against cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain injury by regulating cerebral antioxidant enzymes activities, Bcl-2, Bax, c-Fos and Caspase-3 protein positive expression levels and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 25-27 BCL2, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 173-178 23065200-6 2012 Our results confirm that SP can play the protective action against cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain injury by regulating cerebral antioxidant enzymes activities, Bcl-2, Bax, c-Fos and Caspase-3 protein positive expression levels and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 25-27 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 180-183 23065200-6 2012 Our results confirm that SP can play the protective action against cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain injury by regulating cerebral antioxidant enzymes activities, Bcl-2, Bax, c-Fos and Caspase-3 protein positive expression levels and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 25-27 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Rattus norvegicus 185-190 23065200-6 2012 Our results confirm that SP can play the protective action against cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain injury by regulating cerebral antioxidant enzymes activities, Bcl-2, Bax, c-Fos and Caspase-3 protein positive expression levels and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 25-27 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 195-204 23065200-6 2012 Our results confirm that SP can play the protective action against cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain injury by regulating cerebral antioxidant enzymes activities, Bcl-2, Bax, c-Fos and Caspase-3 protein positive expression levels and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 25-27 BCL2, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 244-249 23065200-6 2012 Our results confirm that SP can play the protective action against cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain injury by regulating cerebral antioxidant enzymes activities, Bcl-2, Bax, c-Fos and Caspase-3 protein positive expression levels and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 25-27 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 251-254 23065200-6 2012 Our results confirm that SP can play the protective action against cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain injury by regulating cerebral antioxidant enzymes activities, Bcl-2, Bax, c-Fos and Caspase-3 protein positive expression levels and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 25-27 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 256-265 23065200-6 2012 Our results confirm that SP can play the protective action against cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced brain injury by regulating cerebral antioxidant enzymes activities, Bcl-2, Bax, c-Fos and Caspase-3 protein positive expression levels and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-alpha and Caspase-3 mRNA expression. sp 25-27 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 270-279 23194063-8 2012 The mechanism of curcumin-/RL197-induced repression of Sp transcription factors was ROS-dependent and due to induction of the Sp repressors ZBTB10 and ZBTB4 and downregulation of microRNAs (miR)-27a, miR-20a and miR-17-5p that regulate these repressors. sp 55-57 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 140-146 23194063-8 2012 The mechanism of curcumin-/RL197-induced repression of Sp transcription factors was ROS-dependent and due to induction of the Sp repressors ZBTB10 and ZBTB4 and downregulation of microRNAs (miR)-27a, miR-20a and miR-17-5p that regulate these repressors. sp 55-57 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 Homo sapiens 151-156 23194063-8 2012 The mechanism of curcumin-/RL197-induced repression of Sp transcription factors was ROS-dependent and due to induction of the Sp repressors ZBTB10 and ZBTB4 and downregulation of microRNAs (miR)-27a, miR-20a and miR-17-5p that regulate these repressors. sp 55-57 microRNA 20a Homo sapiens 200-207 23194063-8 2012 The mechanism of curcumin-/RL197-induced repression of Sp transcription factors was ROS-dependent and due to induction of the Sp repressors ZBTB10 and ZBTB4 and downregulation of microRNAs (miR)-27a, miR-20a and miR-17-5p that regulate these repressors. sp 55-57 microRNA 17 Homo sapiens 212-221 23042945-7 2012 Interestingly, the quantity of SP cells was significantly diminished in Pbx1 haploinsufficient mice, suggesting a stem cell deficit. sp 31-33 pre B cell leukemia homeobox 1 Mus musculus 72-76 23042945-9 2012 Accordingly, the number of SP cells in these mice was significantly higher (Tpit(-/-) 0.45+-0.16 vs Tpit(+/-) 0.13+-0.04%; P<0.004). sp 27-29 T-box 19 Mus musculus 76-80 23042945-9 2012 Accordingly, the number of SP cells in these mice was significantly higher (Tpit(-/-) 0.45+-0.16 vs Tpit(+/-) 0.13+-0.04%; P<0.004). sp 27-29 T-box 19 Mus musculus 100-104 23042945-10 2012 ACTH treatment of these animals reverted the subcapsular zone width and the SP fraction back to normal (130+-10.2%; P=0.33 and 0.09%), providing indirect evidence for a stem cell "arrest" in Tpit(-/-) mice and the role of ACTH in adrenocortical stem cell modulation and differentiation. sp 76-78 pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha Mus musculus 0-4 23158334-4 2012 Lys could bind with the aptamer region of the HP and facilitate the opening of the hairpin structure of HP, exposing a single-stranded sequence to hybridize with SP. sp 162-164 lysozyme Homo sapiens 0-3 22990290-4 2012 In the control groups, strong IL-2 immunoreactivity was shown in the stratum pyramidal (SP) of the HP and in the granule cell layer (GCL) of the DG. sp 88-90 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 30-34 23093039-16 2012 Our lab has developed the HY(cd4) model, in which the transgenic HY TCRalpha is conditionally expressed at the DP stage, allowing negative selection to occur during the DP to SP transition as occurs in wildtype mice(10). sp 175-177 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 29-32 22885415-7 2012 SP treatment also decreased levels of Bax, a death signal for immature neurons, blocked caspase-3 activation, and activated a key survival signaling kinase, Akt, both in vitro and in vivo. sp 0-2 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 38-41 22521545-8 2012 The presence of SP in FNAs were significantly associated with ER-negative (p=0.008) and with triple negative breast cancers (p=0.011) which were also found to have a significant increase in ABCG2 protein expression. sp 16-18 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 190-195 22505225-10 2012 Accordingly, SP cells and their tumor-initiating subset were more resistant than non-SP cells to chemotherapeutics that are effluxed by MDR1. sp 13-15 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1B Mus musculus 136-140 22505225-10 2012 Accordingly, SP cells and their tumor-initiating subset were more resistant than non-SP cells to chemotherapeutics that are effluxed by MDR1. sp 85-87 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1B Mus musculus 136-140 22819281-7 2012 Concentrations of PRL increased to maximum at Hour 4 in the Sp group. sp 60-62 prolactin Equus caballus 18-21 22819281-10 2012 A novel observation was that the peak of a PRL pulse occurred at the same hour or 1 h later than the peak of a PGFM pulse in 8 of 8 PGFM pulses in the controls and in 6 of 10 pulses in the Sp group (P < 0.04), indicating that sulpiride interfered with the synchrony between PGFM and PRL pulses. sp 189-191 prolactin Equus caballus 43-46 22714713-6 2012 Furthermore, it was found that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a tumor suppressor gene, was relatively low when expressed in SP cells compared with non-SP cells, and its expression level was remarkably elevated when cells were treated with ICD. sp 126-128 programmed cell death 4 Homo sapiens 31-54 22714713-6 2012 Furthermore, it was found that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a tumor suppressor gene, was relatively low when expressed in SP cells compared with non-SP cells, and its expression level was remarkably elevated when cells were treated with ICD. sp 126-128 programmed cell death 4 Homo sapiens 56-61 22714713-6 2012 Furthermore, it was found that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a tumor suppressor gene, was relatively low when expressed in SP cells compared with non-SP cells, and its expression level was remarkably elevated when cells were treated with ICD. sp 153-155 programmed cell death 4 Homo sapiens 31-54 22714713-6 2012 Furthermore, it was found that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), a tumor suppressor gene, was relatively low when expressed in SP cells compared with non-SP cells, and its expression level was remarkably elevated when cells were treated with ICD. sp 153-155 programmed cell death 4 Homo sapiens 56-61 22677041-3 2012 We found that Nanog is expressed specifically in SP cells of human gastrointestinal (GI) cancer cells. sp 49-51 Nanog homeobox Homo sapiens 14-19 22885415-7 2012 SP treatment also decreased levels of Bax, a death signal for immature neurons, blocked caspase-3 activation, and activated a key survival signaling kinase, Akt, both in vitro and in vivo. sp 0-2 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 88-97 22885415-7 2012 SP treatment also decreased levels of Bax, a death signal for immature neurons, blocked caspase-3 activation, and activated a key survival signaling kinase, Akt, both in vitro and in vivo. sp 0-2 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 157-160 22971921-5 2012 SP cells are resistant to paclitaxel because of the upregulation of ABCB1 and ABCB5. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 68-73 22971921-5 2012 SP cells are resistant to paclitaxel because of the upregulation of ABCB1 and ABCB5. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 5 Homo sapiens 78-83 22857894-8 2012 The PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 and PI3K inhibitor wortmannin reduced the phosphorylation of downstream target AKT, S6 and 4EBP1 and decreased the SP fraction. sp 150-152 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 9-13 22857894-8 2012 The PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 and PI3K inhibitor wortmannin reduced the phosphorylation of downstream target AKT, S6 and 4EBP1 and decreased the SP fraction. sp 150-152 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 114-117 23009336-10 2012 siRNA mediated depletion of Sox2 significantly blocked the SP phenotype as well as its self-renewal capacity; whereas other transcription factors like Oct4 and Nanog played a relatively lesser role in regulating self-renewal. sp 59-61 SRY-box transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 28-32 22264122-9 2012 matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene expression was higher following SP addition, but was lower after the addition of CP and SP+CP. sp 64-66 matrix metallopeptidase 1 Homo sapiens 0-26 22969237-8 2012 The expression of ABCG2, MDRI, Bmi-1 and Oct-4 was different between SP and NSP cells. sp 69-71 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 18-23 22969237-8 2012 The expression of ABCG2, MDRI, Bmi-1 and Oct-4 was different between SP and NSP cells. sp 69-71 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 41-46 22264122-9 2012 matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene expression was higher following SP addition, but was lower after the addition of CP and SP+CP. sp 120-122 matrix metallopeptidase 1 Homo sapiens 0-26 22430632-4 2012 SP fraction of MM cells highly expressed ABCG2 and exhibited resistance to chemotherapeutic agents; however, C3B3 induced cytotoxicity in both SP cells and main population (MP) cells to a similar extent. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 41-46 22910165-5 2012 METHODS: All first year surgery residents (PGY-1) were required to participate in the videotaped cultural SP examination as part of the general surgery residency curriculum. sp 106-108 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 43-48 22430632-4 2012 SP fraction of MM cells highly expressed ABCG2 and exhibited resistance to chemotherapeutic agents; however, C3B3 induced cytotoxicity in both SP cells and main population (MP) cells to a similar extent. sp 143-145 endogenous retrovirus group K member 3 Homo sapiens 109-112 22430632-7 2012 Conversely, knockdown of Sox2 and Oct3/4 mRNA reduced the proportion of SP cells, suggesting that these factors are essential in maintenance of SP fraction in MM cells. sp 72-74 SRY-box transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 25-29 22430632-7 2012 Conversely, knockdown of Sox2 and Oct3/4 mRNA reduced the proportion of SP cells, suggesting that these factors are essential in maintenance of SP fraction in MM cells. sp 72-74 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 34-40 22430632-7 2012 Conversely, knockdown of Sox2 and Oct3/4 mRNA reduced the proportion of SP cells, suggesting that these factors are essential in maintenance of SP fraction in MM cells. sp 144-146 SRY-box transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 25-29 22430632-7 2012 Conversely, knockdown of Sox2 and Oct3/4 mRNA reduced the proportion of SP cells, suggesting that these factors are essential in maintenance of SP fraction in MM cells. sp 144-146 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 34-40 22782911-5 2012 Consistent with this, most SP cells were shown to be CD31-positive endothelial-like cells. sp 27-29 platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Mus musculus 53-57 22634225-10 2012 Further, MCAM+ SP cells exhibited the highest fusion potential in vitro and were the only fraction to engraft in vivo, although at low levels, following propagation. sp 15-17 melanoma cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 9-13 22894607-4 2012 METHODS: Human PDAC samples were expanded in immunodeficient mice and first-generation xenografts analyzed for the presence of a Hoechst dye-effluxing SP using flow cytometry (FACS). sp 151-153 acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1 Mus musculus 176-180 22583846-2 2012 First, HA molecules were successfully incorporated into the soybean phosphatidylcholine (SP) molecules to form the huperzine-A-soybean phosphatidylcholine complexes (HA-SPC), which was proved by FT-IR, DSC, XRD, solubility study, TEM, etc. sp 89-91 pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C Oryctolagus cuniculus 169-172 22583846-3 2012 The results indicated that hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interaction between HA and SP molecules play an important role in the formation of HA-SPC. sp 87-89 pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C Oryctolagus cuniculus 146-149 22634225-12 2012 Moreover, we provide evidence that human MCAM+ SP cells have intrinsic myogenic activity that is retained after propagation. sp 47-49 melanoma cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 41-45 22584221-8 2012 The SP fraction increased with increasing drug resistance, which was correlated with enhanced expression of Pgp but not breast cancer resistance protein. sp 4-6 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 108-111 22732588-3 2012 In this study, we demonstrate that, in the absence of Themis1, TCR-mediated signaling is selectively impaired in CD4 SP and CD8 SP thymocytes but is not affected in CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive thymocytes despite high expression of Themis1 in double-positive thymocytes. sp 117-119 T cell receptor alpha variable 6-3 Mus musculus 63-66 22667338-10 2012 SP cells were detected at a frequency of 4.4% and expressed stem/progenitor markers, Abcb1b, Abcg2, Sca1, Notch1, Notch4, Hes1, and Jag1 in microarray analysis. sp 0-2 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1B Mus musculus 85-91 22658598-5 2012 We uncovered shared circuitry between dsx and a subset of the previously described SP-responsive fru(+)/ppk(+)-expressing neurons in the reproductive system. sp 83-85 doublesex Drosophila melanogaster 38-41 22658598-5 2012 We uncovered shared circuitry between dsx and a subset of the previously described SP-responsive fru(+)/ppk(+)-expressing neurons in the reproductive system. sp 83-85 fruitless Drosophila melanogaster 97-100 22658598-5 2012 We uncovered shared circuitry between dsx and a subset of the previously described SP-responsive fru(+)/ppk(+)-expressing neurons in the reproductive system. sp 83-85 pickpocket Drosophila melanogaster 104-107 22658598-8 2012 CONCLUSIONS: We propose that dsx-specified circuitry is required to induce female postmating behavioral responses, from sensing SP to conveying this signal to higher-order circuits for processing and through to the generation of postmating behavioral and physiological outputs. sp 128-130 doublesex Drosophila melanogaster 29-32 22825470-3 2012 Using human non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and patient-derived primary tumor cells, we demonstrate that SP cells represent a subpopulation distinct from other cancer stem/progenitor cell (CS/PC) populations marked by CD133(pos) or ALDH(high). sp 119-121 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 232-237 22667338-10 2012 SP cells were detected at a frequency of 4.4% and expressed stem/progenitor markers, Abcb1b, Abcg2, Sca1, Notch1, Notch4, Hes1, and Jag1 in microarray analysis. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 93-98 22667338-10 2012 SP cells were detected at a frequency of 4.4% and expressed stem/progenitor markers, Abcb1b, Abcg2, Sca1, Notch1, Notch4, Hes1, and Jag1 in microarray analysis. sp 0-2 caspase 3 Mus musculus 100-104 22667338-10 2012 SP cells were detected at a frequency of 4.4% and expressed stem/progenitor markers, Abcb1b, Abcg2, Sca1, Notch1, Notch4, Hes1, and Jag1 in microarray analysis. sp 0-2 notch 1 Mus musculus 106-112 22667338-10 2012 SP cells were detected at a frequency of 4.4% and expressed stem/progenitor markers, Abcb1b, Abcg2, Sca1, Notch1, Notch4, Hes1, and Jag1 in microarray analysis. sp 0-2 notch 4 Mus musculus 114-120 22667338-10 2012 SP cells were detected at a frequency of 4.4% and expressed stem/progenitor markers, Abcb1b, Abcg2, Sca1, Notch1, Notch4, Hes1, and Jag1 in microarray analysis. sp 0-2 hes family bHLH transcription factor 1 Mus musculus 122-126 22667338-10 2012 SP cells were detected at a frequency of 4.4% and expressed stem/progenitor markers, Abcb1b, Abcg2, Sca1, Notch1, Notch4, Hes1, and Jag1 in microarray analysis. sp 0-2 jagged 1 Mus musculus 132-136 22576692-13 2012 However, our observation indicated that signaling changes induced by RTKIs could even activate Akt and induce the SP population. sp 126-128 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 107-110 22509798-4 2012 In vitro, SP cells were attracted by and adhered to FDCs through chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12/chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCL12/CXCR4) signalling. sp 10-12 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 Homo sapiens 135-141 22509798-4 2012 In vitro, SP cells were attracted by and adhered to FDCs through chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12/chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCL12/CXCR4) signalling. sp 10-12 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 142-147 22578357-7 2012 IL-4 and IL-13 immunoreactivity in the SP of the young sham-group were much lower than those in the adult group. sp 39-41 interleukin 13 Homo sapiens 9-14 28058190-6 2012 The expression level of stem cell-associated markers such as an ATP-binding cassette membrane transporter, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, c-kit, Thy-1, and octomer binding transcription factor 4 was higher in SP cells than in non-SP cells. sp 213-215 KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 142-147 22578357-6 2012 At 4 days post-ischemia, IL-2 and IL-2Rbeta immunoreactivity in the adult SP was dramatically decreased; however, in the young SP, they were not changed, and they were decreased at 7 days post-ischemia. sp 74-76 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 25-29 22578357-6 2012 At 4 days post-ischemia, IL-2 and IL-2Rbeta immunoreactivity in the adult SP was dramatically decreased; however, in the young SP, they were not changed, and they were decreased at 7 days post-ischemia. sp 74-76 interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta Homo sapiens 34-43 22578357-7 2012 IL-4 and IL-13 immunoreactivity in the SP of the young sham-group were much lower than those in the adult group. sp 39-41 interleukin 4 Homo sapiens 0-4 28058190-6 2012 The expression level of stem cell-associated markers such as an ATP-binding cassette membrane transporter, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, c-kit, Thy-1, and octomer binding transcription factor 4 was higher in SP cells than in non-SP cells. sp 213-215 Thy-1 cell surface antigen Homo sapiens 149-154 22552285-4 2012 Conversely, attenuation of DNAJB8 decreased SP cells and reduced tumor-initiating ability. sp 44-46 DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B8 Homo sapiens 27-33 22111549-0 2012 Promoter cloning and characterization of the human programmed cell death protein 4 (pdcd4) gene: evidence for ZBP-89 and Sp-binding motifs as essential Pdcd4 regulators. sp 121-123 programmed cell death 4 Homo sapiens 51-82 22111549-0 2012 Promoter cloning and characterization of the human programmed cell death protein 4 (pdcd4) gene: evidence for ZBP-89 and Sp-binding motifs as essential Pdcd4 regulators. sp 121-123 programmed cell death 4 Homo sapiens 84-89 22445844-4 2012 We show that S-iKIR to HLA-B and C alleles differ in their contribution to NK cell functional potential in HIV-infected SP upon stimulation with K562 targets. sp 120-122 major histocompatibility complex, class I, B Homo sapiens 23-28 22494479-10 2012 During the second trimester of pregnancy there were increases in ALT values and the AST/ALT ratio in SP, suggesting subclinical hepatotoxicity. sp 101-103 solute carrier family 17 member 5 Homo sapiens 84-87 22407964-3 2012 We here show that Vybrant DyeCycle Violet (DCV), a DNA-binding fluorophor allowing SP sorting using a non-UV laser (such as violet laser), is transported via P-glycoprotein (PgP). sp 85-87 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 160-174 22407964-3 2012 We here show that Vybrant DyeCycle Violet (DCV), a DNA-binding fluorophor allowing SP sorting using a non-UV laser (such as violet laser), is transported via P-glycoprotein (PgP). sp 85-87 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 176-179 22564073-4 2012 Five days after the change from short photoperiod (SP) to long photoperiod (LP), the profiles of Per2 and Rev-erbalpha expression in the rostral, middle and caudal regions of the SCN were desynchronized and those in the liver were modulated as in mice fully entrained to LP. sp 51-53 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D, member 1 Mus musculus 106-118 21813305-6 2012 Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and Lhx3 expression were significantly higher in the MP than in the SP, but no differences in the expression of Tpit, GH or PRL were found. sp 96-98 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 0-20 21813305-6 2012 Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and Lhx3 expression were significantly higher in the MP than in the SP, but no differences in the expression of Tpit, GH or PRL were found. sp 96-98 proopiomelanocortin Canis lupus familiaris 22-26 21813305-6 2012 Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and Lhx3 expression were significantly higher in the MP than in the SP, but no differences in the expression of Tpit, GH or PRL were found. sp 96-98 LIM homeobox 3 Canis lupus familiaris 32-36 22967977-6 2012 The expressions of P311 in harvested samples were assessed with biotin-streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) staining. sp 96-98 neuronal regeneration related protein Mus musculus 19-23 22060190-6 2012 This decrease was correlated with changes in the ratio of Sp proteins associated to the CYP46A1 proximal promoter. sp 58-60 cytochrome P450 family 46 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 88-95 21985563-2 2012 In this study, we evaluated the effects of SP from the red seaweed Gracilaria cornea (Gc-TSP) in nociceptive and inflammatory models. sp 43-45 CTR9 homolog, Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex component Mus musculus 89-92 22334592-5 2012 This response was due to induction of the Sp repressors ZBTB10 and ZBTB4 and downregulation of miR-27a and miR-20a/17-5p, respectively, which regulate expression of these transcriptional repressors. sp 42-44 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 56-62 22334592-5 2012 This response was due to induction of the Sp repressors ZBTB10 and ZBTB4 and downregulation of miR-27a and miR-20a/17-5p, respectively, which regulate expression of these transcriptional repressors. sp 42-44 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 Homo sapiens 67-72 22334592-6 2012 Thus, the anticancer activity of CSL in 253JB-V cells is due to induction of ROS and ROS-mediated induction of Sp repressors (ZBTB4/ZBTB10) through downregulation of miR-27a and miR-20a/17-5p. sp 111-113 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 Homo sapiens 126-131 22334592-6 2012 Thus, the anticancer activity of CSL in 253JB-V cells is due to induction of ROS and ROS-mediated induction of Sp repressors (ZBTB4/ZBTB10) through downregulation of miR-27a and miR-20a/17-5p. sp 111-113 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 132-138 22425249-1 2012 The double-positive (DP) to single-positive (SP) transition during T cell development is initiated by downregulation of the E protein transcription factors HEB and E2A. sp 45-47 transcription factor 12 Homo sapiens 156-159 22425249-1 2012 The double-positive (DP) to single-positive (SP) transition during T cell development is initiated by downregulation of the E protein transcription factors HEB and E2A. sp 45-47 transcription factor 3 Homo sapiens 164-167 22425249-6 2012 These studies identify an important role for E proteins in the activation of CD4(+) lineage differentiation as thymocytes undergo the DP to SP transition. sp 140-142 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 77-80 22262773-7 2012 The JAK2(V617F) mutation occurred in 27% of SP patients diagnosed according to the Polycythemia Vera Study Group or World Health Organization 2001 criteria. sp 44-46 Janus kinase 2 Homo sapiens 4-14 22230668-6 2012 In the CA2, a few F-J B(+) neurons were detected in the SP of the 5 min ischemia-group, and F-J B(+) neurons were gradually increased with the longer time of ischemia: in the 20 min ischemia-group, the mean number of F-J B(+) neurons was about 85/mm(2) in a section. sp 56-58 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 7-10 22230668-7 2012 In the CA3, some F-J B(+) neurons were observed only in the SP of the 20 min ischemia-group. sp 60-62 carbonic anhydrase 3 Homo sapiens 7-10 22076958-10 2012 CD133(-) cells formed more colonies, were more invasive in a matrigel assay, and showed enrichment in the SP cells, compared to CD133(+) cells. sp 106-108 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 21309960-3 2012 The findings revealed significantly higher density of the CB1 receptors and levels of CB1 receptor mRNA, CB1 receptor-mediated G-protein coupling, and endocannabinoids in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum of alcohol-naive sP rats than sNP rats. sp 234-236 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 58-61 21309960-3 2012 The findings revealed significantly higher density of the CB1 receptors and levels of CB1 receptor mRNA, CB1 receptor-mediated G-protein coupling, and endocannabinoids in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum of alcohol-naive sP rats than sNP rats. sp 234-236 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 86-89 21309960-3 2012 The findings revealed significantly higher density of the CB1 receptors and levels of CB1 receptor mRNA, CB1 receptor-mediated G-protein coupling, and endocannabinoids in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum of alcohol-naive sP rats than sNP rats. sp 234-236 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 86-89 21309960-5 2012 Alcohol drinking (during both acquisition and maintenance phases) in sP rats resulted in a significant reduction in striatal CB1 receptor-mediated G-protein coupling whereas alcohol withdrawal attenuated this effect. sp 69-71 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 125-128 21950267-7 2012 Specific IgE was less and IgA was more in both groups; however, SP-treated mice had less histamine and IgG1 and more IgG2-related antibodies indicating a bias toward the type-1 response (P <= 0.05). sp 64-66 immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 (G1m marker) Mus musculus 103-107 21950267-8 2012 Concentration of type-2 cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) was significantly less in both groups and IL-12p70 and IL-10 were more in SP-treated mice (P <= 0.001). sp 128-130 interleukin 10 Mus musculus 109-114 21950267-10 2012 There was significant increase in the percentage of CD4+FOXP3+ and CD4+CD25+ cells in the SP group, indicating the significant role of Tregs in immune regulation. sp 90-92 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 52-55 21950267-10 2012 There was significant increase in the percentage of CD4+FOXP3+ and CD4+CD25+ cells in the SP group, indicating the significant role of Tregs in immune regulation. sp 90-92 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 67-70 21688044-2 2012 We studied the risks and benefits of statin pretreatment (SP) in patients treated with intravenous alteplase (t-PA) at our institution, and included our data to a meta-analysis of previous related studies. sp 58-60 plasminogen activator, tissue type Homo sapiens 110-114 22361742-5 2012 The SP population was reduced by co-incubation with MDR1 inhibitor Verapamil, while the ABCG2 inhibitor FTC failed to decrease the number of SP cells. sp 4-6 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 52-56 22301433-8 2012 Cell cycle studies further revealed that reduced miR-31 could inhibit SP cell proliferation by a cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, whereas reduced let-7 induced SP cell proliferation by accelerating G1/S phase transition. sp 70-72 microRNA 31 Homo sapiens 49-55 22301433-9 2012 Notably, reduced miR-31 prevented SP cell differentiation, whereas reduced let-7 promoted SP cell differentiation under differentiation conditions. sp 34-36 microRNA 31 Homo sapiens 17-23 22805024-6 2012 CD133+SP cells formed tumor nodules in 15 of 16 mice and CD133-SP cells in 7 of 16 mice (Fisher"s exact test, P<0.05). sp 6-8 prominin 1 Mus musculus 0-5 22805024-6 2012 CD133+SP cells formed tumor nodules in 15 of 16 mice and CD133-SP cells in 7 of 16 mice (Fisher"s exact test, P<0.05). sp 63-65 prominin 1 Mus musculus 57-62 22095449-3 2012 Since the lysozyme is positively charged at physiological pH, it allows us to track positively and negatively charged areas of the SP patterns. sp 131-133 lysozyme Homo sapiens 10-18 23300712-4 2012 We demonstrate here that conventional SP CD4+ thymocytes bearing autoreactive TCRs drive a homeostatic process that fine-tunes medullary plasticity in adult mice by governing the expansion and patterning of the medulla. sp 38-40 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 41-44 23226356-6 2012 Results showed that the ABCG2 transporter was predominantly expressed and was up-regulated in the SP fraction by 3-fold (ABCG2(hi)) relative to the non-SP (NSP) fraction (ABCG2(low)). sp 98-100 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 24-29 23226356-6 2012 Results showed that the ABCG2 transporter was predominantly expressed and was up-regulated in the SP fraction by 3-fold (ABCG2(hi)) relative to the non-SP (NSP) fraction (ABCG2(low)). sp 98-100 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 121-126 23226356-6 2012 Results showed that the ABCG2 transporter was predominantly expressed and was up-regulated in the SP fraction by 3-fold (ABCG2(hi)) relative to the non-SP (NSP) fraction (ABCG2(low)). sp 98-100 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 121-126 22384099-6 2012 Of therapeutic interest, the targeting of EGFR, pAkt, NF-kappaB or MIC-1 was also effective at suppressing the basal and EGF-promoted prostasphere formation by SP WPE1-NB26 cells, inducing disintegration of SP cell-derived prostaspheres and decreasing the viability of SP and non-SP WPE1-NB26 cell fractions. sp 160-162 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 42-46 22693573-1 2012 BACKGROUND: A shift from Th1 to Th2 as well as an increase in Treg CD4+T cell subsets has been reported in septic patients (SP). sp 124-126 negative elongation factor complex member C/D Homo sapiens 25-28 22693573-9 2012 The percentage of Th1 cells was lower in SP than in HV at admission after PMA/Io stimulation, whereas the percentage of Th17 cells was higher. sp 41-43 negative elongation factor complex member C/D Homo sapiens 18-21 22590596-3 2012 The Galphai2(-/-) mice have a dramatically reduced fraction of double positive thymocytes and an increased fraction of single positive (SP) thymocytes. sp 136-138 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 2 Mus musculus 4-12 22384099-6 2012 Of therapeutic interest, the targeting of EGFR, pAkt, NF-kappaB or MIC-1 was also effective at suppressing the basal and EGF-promoted prostasphere formation by SP WPE1-NB26 cells, inducing disintegration of SP cell-derived prostaspheres and decreasing the viability of SP and non-SP WPE1-NB26 cell fractions. sp 160-162 nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 Homo sapiens 54-63 22384099-6 2012 Of therapeutic interest, the targeting of EGFR, pAkt, NF-kappaB or MIC-1 was also effective at suppressing the basal and EGF-promoted prostasphere formation by SP WPE1-NB26 cells, inducing disintegration of SP cell-derived prostaspheres and decreasing the viability of SP and non-SP WPE1-NB26 cell fractions. sp 160-162 growth differentiation factor 15 Homo sapiens 67-72 22384099-6 2012 Of therapeutic interest, the targeting of EGFR, pAkt, NF-kappaB or MIC-1 was also effective at suppressing the basal and EGF-promoted prostasphere formation by SP WPE1-NB26 cells, inducing disintegration of SP cell-derived prostaspheres and decreasing the viability of SP and non-SP WPE1-NB26 cell fractions. sp 207-209 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 42-46 22384099-6 2012 Of therapeutic interest, the targeting of EGFR, pAkt, NF-kappaB or MIC-1 was also effective at suppressing the basal and EGF-promoted prostasphere formation by SP WPE1-NB26 cells, inducing disintegration of SP cell-derived prostaspheres and decreasing the viability of SP and non-SP WPE1-NB26 cell fractions. sp 207-209 growth differentiation factor 15 Homo sapiens 67-72 22181511-4 2011 However, the parameter omega eta(2) has different natural appearances in the respective cases of a single plate (SP) and two plates (TPs). sp 113-115 endothelin receptor type A Homo sapiens 29-32 21932449-4 2011 FOXP3(+) DP cells displayed a functional IL-7 receptor and increased Bcl-2 levels that may protect them from cell death/negative selection, and an activated/suppressive phenotype that was lost as CD4 single positive (SP) cells matured and acquired egress markers. sp 218-220 forkhead box P3 Homo sapiens 0-5 21752097-3 2011 METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we show that the level of CD34+ cells within the SP fraction increases from 2% in BM to 15% in mobilized PBPC. sp 85-87 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 62-66 21752097-4 2011 Furthermore, SP cells are found in highly enriched CD34+ cells from both BM and PBPC, and these cells define an immature phenotype of HPC. sp 13-15 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 51-55 21752097-7 2011 To further investigate whether variations in the level of SP cells in the CD34+ cell fraction influenced short-term engraftment, we studied 20 patients with Hodgkin lymphoma that were autotransplanted with highly enriched CD34+ cells from PB. sp 58-60 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 74-78 22173493-4 2011 SP cells were restored upon the removal of TGF-beta and the reversion of the cells to an epithelial phenotype, and smad3-specific siRNA reduced SP abundance in response to TGF-beta. sp 0-2 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 43-51 22173493-4 2011 SP cells were restored upon the removal of TGF-beta and the reversion of the cells to an epithelial phenotype, and smad3-specific siRNA reduced SP abundance in response to TGF-beta. sp 144-146 SMAD family member 3 Homo sapiens 115-120 22173493-4 2011 SP cells were restored upon the removal of TGF-beta and the reversion of the cells to an epithelial phenotype, and smad3-specific siRNA reduced SP abundance in response to TGF-beta. sp 144-146 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 172-180 22173493-5 2011 In conclusion, TGF-beta-induced EMT by smad-dependent signaling pathway promotes cancer development and anti-cancer drug resistant phenotype by augmenting the abundance of GBC-SD SP cells, and a better understanding of mechanisms involved in TGF-beta-induced EMT may provide a novel strategy for preventing cancer progression. sp 179-181 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 15-23 22273029-8 2011 One month after the booster dose, SP rates were 97.7% for Hib (anti-PRP titre 1.0 mug/ml), 100.0% for diphtheria (>= 0.1 IU/ml) and 100% for tetanus (>= 0.1 IU/ml) and poliovirus types 1, 2, 3 (>= 8 1/dil). sp 34-36 prion protein Homo sapiens 68-71 21165952-5 2011 Musashi-1 expression is 20.8-fold upregulated in SP+ compared to SP- and equally distributed between ALDH+ and ALDH- cell pools. sp 49-51 musashi RNA binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 0-9 22026428-3 2011 This study was to explore whether sorting SP could enrich for the Musashi1 (Msi1) positive cells from Msi1 high expression cells (Msi1(high) cells) derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro. sp 42-44 musashi RNA-binding protein 1 Mus musculus 66-74 22026428-3 2011 This study was to explore whether sorting SP could enrich for the Musashi1 (Msi1) positive cells from Msi1 high expression cells (Msi1(high) cells) derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro. sp 42-44 musashi RNA-binding protein 1 Mus musculus 76-80 22026428-3 2011 This study was to explore whether sorting SP could enrich for the Musashi1 (Msi1) positive cells from Msi1 high expression cells (Msi1(high) cells) derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro. sp 42-44 musashi RNA-binding protein 1 Mus musculus 102-106 22026428-3 2011 This study was to explore whether sorting SP could enrich for the Musashi1 (Msi1) positive cells from Msi1 high expression cells (Msi1(high) cells) derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro. sp 42-44 musashi RNA-binding protein 1 Mus musculus 102-106 22026428-8 2011 SP fraction was identified and isolated from Msi1(high) cell population. sp 0-2 musashi RNA-binding protein 1 Mus musculus 45-49 22026428-9 2011 The expression of Msi1 in SP fraction was significantly higher than that in NSP fraction and unsorted Msi1(high) cells (P< 0.05). sp 26-28 musashi RNA-binding protein 1 Mus musculus 18-22 22026428-11 2011 CONCLUSIONS: SP fraction, isolated from Msi1(high) cells, contains almost all the Msi1-positive cells and has the potential to differentiate into neural and intestinal epithelial cells in vivo. sp 13-15 musashi RNA-binding protein 1 Mus musculus 40-44 22026428-11 2011 CONCLUSIONS: SP fraction, isolated from Msi1(high) cells, contains almost all the Msi1-positive cells and has the potential to differentiate into neural and intestinal epithelial cells in vivo. sp 13-15 musashi RNA-binding protein 1 Mus musculus 82-86 22026428-12 2011 Sorting SP fraction could be a convenient and practical method to enrich for Msi1-positive cells from the differentiated cell population derived from ESCs. sp 8-10 musashi RNA-binding protein 1 Mus musculus 77-81 21931300-8 2011 SOX2 was expressed predominantly in LHK2 and 1-87 SP cells, and was also expressed in several other cancer cell lines. sp 50-52 SRY-box transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 21931300-11 2011 LHK2-SOX2 cells showed higher rates of SP cells and higher expression of POU5F1 compared with control cells. sp 39-41 SRY-box transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 5-9 21949413-3 2011 In Abcg2-null mice, the SP fraction is lost in skeletal muscle, although the significance of this loss was previously unknown. sp 24-26 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 3-8 21917149-7 2011 Additionally, for the hTERT cells, SP rather than CD133 expression showed an 8-fold enhanced tumorigenic potential. sp 35-37 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 22-27 21740477-6 2011 Furthermore, SP cells exhibited increased multidrug resistance and the RNA expression of ATP-binding cassette protein transporters was increased in the SP group. sp 13-15 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 5 Homo sapiens 89-117 21740477-7 2011 In addition, "stemness" genes Oct-4 and Nanog were also upregulated in the SP group. sp 75-77 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 30-35 21740477-7 2011 In addition, "stemness" genes Oct-4 and Nanog were also upregulated in the SP group. sp 75-77 Nanog homeobox Homo sapiens 40-45 21826669-7 2011 In the attempt to find a correlation between putative CSCs, isolated by means of CD133 immunophenotyping and the SP approach, we demonstrated a significant enrichment of CD133(+) cells within the SP fraction of CC cells, and comparison of the gene expression profiles revealed that Endothelin-1 (END-1) and nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 2 (NR4A2) transcripts are highly expressed in both CD133(+) and SP fractions of CC cells. sp 196-198 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 170-175 21826669-7 2011 In the attempt to find a correlation between putative CSCs, isolated by means of CD133 immunophenotyping and the SP approach, we demonstrated a significant enrichment of CD133(+) cells within the SP fraction of CC cells, and comparison of the gene expression profiles revealed that Endothelin-1 (END-1) and nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 2 (NR4A2) transcripts are highly expressed in both CD133(+) and SP fractions of CC cells. sp 196-198 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 170-175 21786338-2 2011 Here we provide evidence for the presence of XRCC1 in different complexes of sizes from 200 to 1500 kDa, and we show that immunoprecipitates using XRCC1 as bait are capable of complete repair of AP sites via both short patch (SP) and long patch (LP) base excision repair (BER). sp 226-228 X-ray repair cross complementing 1 Homo sapiens 45-50 21786338-2 2011 Here we provide evidence for the presence of XRCC1 in different complexes of sizes from 200 to 1500 kDa, and we show that immunoprecipitates using XRCC1 as bait are capable of complete repair of AP sites via both short patch (SP) and long patch (LP) base excision repair (BER). sp 226-228 X-ray repair cross complementing 1 Homo sapiens 147-152 21169555-4 2011 Overexpression of the surfactant protein (SP)-C BRICHOS mutant SP-C(DeltaExon4) in A549 cells increased Grp78 and alpha-SMA and disrupted ZO-1 distribution, and, in primary AECs, SP-C(DeltaExon4) induced fibroblastic-like morphology, decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin and increased alpha-SMA, mechanistically linking ER stress associated with mutant SP to fibrosis through EMT. sp 42-44 sparse coat Mus musculus 63-67 21169555-4 2011 Overexpression of the surfactant protein (SP)-C BRICHOS mutant SP-C(DeltaExon4) in A549 cells increased Grp78 and alpha-SMA and disrupted ZO-1 distribution, and, in primary AECs, SP-C(DeltaExon4) induced fibroblastic-like morphology, decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin and increased alpha-SMA, mechanistically linking ER stress associated with mutant SP to fibrosis through EMT. sp 42-44 heat shock protein 5 Mus musculus 104-109 21169555-4 2011 Overexpression of the surfactant protein (SP)-C BRICHOS mutant SP-C(DeltaExon4) in A549 cells increased Grp78 and alpha-SMA and disrupted ZO-1 distribution, and, in primary AECs, SP-C(DeltaExon4) induced fibroblastic-like morphology, decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin and increased alpha-SMA, mechanistically linking ER stress associated with mutant SP to fibrosis through EMT. sp 42-44 actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta Mus musculus 114-123 21169555-4 2011 Overexpression of the surfactant protein (SP)-C BRICHOS mutant SP-C(DeltaExon4) in A549 cells increased Grp78 and alpha-SMA and disrupted ZO-1 distribution, and, in primary AECs, SP-C(DeltaExon4) induced fibroblastic-like morphology, decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin and increased alpha-SMA, mechanistically linking ER stress associated with mutant SP to fibrosis through EMT. sp 42-44 tight junction protein 1 Mus musculus 138-142 21169555-4 2011 Overexpression of the surfactant protein (SP)-C BRICHOS mutant SP-C(DeltaExon4) in A549 cells increased Grp78 and alpha-SMA and disrupted ZO-1 distribution, and, in primary AECs, SP-C(DeltaExon4) induced fibroblastic-like morphology, decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin and increased alpha-SMA, mechanistically linking ER stress associated with mutant SP to fibrosis through EMT. sp 42-44 sparse coat Mus musculus 179-183 21169555-4 2011 Overexpression of the surfactant protein (SP)-C BRICHOS mutant SP-C(DeltaExon4) in A549 cells increased Grp78 and alpha-SMA and disrupted ZO-1 distribution, and, in primary AECs, SP-C(DeltaExon4) induced fibroblastic-like morphology, decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin and increased alpha-SMA, mechanistically linking ER stress associated with mutant SP to fibrosis through EMT. sp 42-44 tight junction protein 1 Mus musculus 244-248 21169555-4 2011 Overexpression of the surfactant protein (SP)-C BRICHOS mutant SP-C(DeltaExon4) in A549 cells increased Grp78 and alpha-SMA and disrupted ZO-1 distribution, and, in primary AECs, SP-C(DeltaExon4) induced fibroblastic-like morphology, decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin and increased alpha-SMA, mechanistically linking ER stress associated with mutant SP to fibrosis through EMT. sp 42-44 cadherin 1 Mus musculus 253-263 21169555-4 2011 Overexpression of the surfactant protein (SP)-C BRICHOS mutant SP-C(DeltaExon4) in A549 cells increased Grp78 and alpha-SMA and disrupted ZO-1 distribution, and, in primary AECs, SP-C(DeltaExon4) induced fibroblastic-like morphology, decreased ZO-1 and E-cadherin and increased alpha-SMA, mechanistically linking ER stress associated with mutant SP to fibrosis through EMT. sp 42-44 actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta Mus musculus 278-287 21268135-3 2011 CDODA-Me and CF(3)DODA-Me also decreased expression of Sp-dependent genes, such as survivin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and induced apoptosis. sp 55-57 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 96-130 21774076-5 2011 Therefore, if the SP is solely measured as a Ho342 dye extruding fraction, this may be significantly modulated by the inhibition of ABCG2 transport fraction, independently from the action of cyclopamine on the Hh pathway. sp 18-20 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 132-137 21774076-6 2011 Our results indicate that ABCG2 may act in the upstream regulation of the Hh signaling pathway to protect the stemness of the SP compartment, giving support to the cancer stem cell hypothesis and suggesting that ABCG2 is not only critical for increased resistance to anticancer agents. sp 126-128 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 26-31 21774076-6 2011 Our results indicate that ABCG2 may act in the upstream regulation of the Hh signaling pathway to protect the stemness of the SP compartment, giving support to the cancer stem cell hypothesis and suggesting that ABCG2 is not only critical for increased resistance to anticancer agents. sp 126-128 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 212-217 21268135-5 2011 RNA interference studies against Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 proteins showed that in thyroid cancer cells, PTTG-1 was an Sp-dependent gene. sp 33-35 PTTG1 regulator of sister chromatid separation, securin Homo sapiens 97-103 21268135-3 2011 CDODA-Me and CF(3)DODA-Me also decreased expression of Sp-dependent genes, such as survivin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and induced apoptosis. sp 55-57 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 132-136 21268135-6 2011 This study demonstrates for the first time that drugs, such as CDODA-Me and CF(3)DODA-Me, that decrease Sp protein expression also downregulate PTTG-1 in thyroid cancer cells and therefore have potential for clinical treatment of thyroid cancer and other endocrine neoplasias where PTTG-1 is a major pro-oncogenic factor. sp 104-106 PTTG1 regulator of sister chromatid separation, securin Homo sapiens 144-150 21268135-6 2011 This study demonstrates for the first time that drugs, such as CDODA-Me and CF(3)DODA-Me, that decrease Sp protein expression also downregulate PTTG-1 in thyroid cancer cells and therefore have potential for clinical treatment of thyroid cancer and other endocrine neoplasias where PTTG-1 is a major pro-oncogenic factor. sp 104-106 PTTG1 regulator of sister chromatid separation, securin Homo sapiens 282-288 21515796-1 2011 The CD8 gene is silent in CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative thymocytes, expressed in CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive cells, and silenced in cells committing to the CD4(+) single-positive (SP) lineage, remaining active in the CD8(+) SP lineage. sp 180-182 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 4-7 21496890-12 2011 The expression of Sp proteins and c-Met was significantly decreased suggesting that TA could be targeting c-Met through degradation of Sp proteins. sp 18-20 met proto-oncogene Mus musculus 106-111 21689450-7 2011 Intracellular staining of SP thymocytes for phosphorylated STAT-1 demonstrated that IL-6 signaling was confined to the most mature SP subsets. sp 26-28 signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 Mus musculus 59-65 21689450-7 2011 Intracellular staining of SP thymocytes for phosphorylated STAT-1 demonstrated that IL-6 signaling was confined to the most mature SP subsets. sp 26-28 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 84-88 21467840-8 2011 These findings reveal that SP cells are enriched for cancer stem-like cells in primary ESCC cells and that the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway regulates this stem-like population. sp 27-29 phosphatase and tensin homolog Homo sapiens 111-115 21467840-8 2011 These findings reveal that SP cells are enriched for cancer stem-like cells in primary ESCC cells and that the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway regulates this stem-like population. sp 27-29 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 121-124 21970185-0 2011 Mel-18 controls the enrichment of tumor-initiating cells in SP fraction in mouse breast cancer. sp 60-62 polycomb group ring finger 2 Mus musculus 0-6 21970185-4 2011 In this study, we determined the critical role of Mel-18 in the enrichment mechanisms of TICs with the SP phenotype in a mouse breast cancer cell line, MMK3, that was established from a breast cancer developed spontaneously in Mel-18+/- mice. sp 103-105 polycomb group ring finger 2 Mus musculus 50-56 21970185-5 2011 The Mel-18 protein expression level significantly correlates to the percentage of SP fraction in the mouse breast cancer cell line MMK3 series. sp 82-84 polycomb group ring finger 2 Mus musculus 4-10 21970185-8 2011 More importantly, transplantation of SP and non-SP cells of V3 and S2 cells into the NOD/SCID mice clearly showed that the heterozygous level of Mel-18 leads to the disappearance of enrichment of TICs into SP fraction in vivo. sp 37-39 polycomb group ring finger 2 Mus musculus 145-151 21970185-8 2011 More importantly, transplantation of SP and non-SP cells of V3 and S2 cells into the NOD/SCID mice clearly showed that the heterozygous level of Mel-18 leads to the disappearance of enrichment of TICs into SP fraction in vivo. sp 48-50 polycomb group ring finger 2 Mus musculus 145-151 21970185-8 2011 More importantly, transplantation of SP and non-SP cells of V3 and S2 cells into the NOD/SCID mice clearly showed that the heterozygous level of Mel-18 leads to the disappearance of enrichment of TICs into SP fraction in vivo. sp 48-50 polycomb group ring finger 2 Mus musculus 145-151 21481528-6 2011 We demonstrate that phenotype of SP cells in heterogeneous clones of human ovarian cancer was closely related to CD24(+), CD117(+), and combined CD117(+)/CD24(+) fractions. sp 33-35 CD24 molecule Homo sapiens 113-117 21481528-6 2011 We demonstrate that phenotype of SP cells in heterogeneous clones of human ovarian cancer was closely related to CD24(+), CD117(+), and combined CD117(+)/CD24(+) fractions. sp 33-35 CD24 molecule Homo sapiens 154-158 21866670-5 2011 RA-FLS Bax protein expression was up-regulated, Bcl-2 protein expression down-regulated, Caspase-3 activated and split by 15, 20, and 25 mg/mL SP, respectively for 4 days (P<0.05, P<0.01). sp 143-145 caspase 3 Homo sapiens 89-98 21515796-4 2011 Shortly after commitment to CD4 SP cell lineage, monovalent repressive characteristics and chromatin inaccessibility are established. sp 32-34 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 28-31 21515796-1 2011 The CD8 gene is silent in CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative thymocytes, expressed in CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive cells, and silenced in cells committing to the CD4(+) single-positive (SP) lineage, remaining active in the CD8(+) SP lineage. sp 224-226 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 4-7 21272926-11 2011 SP could be a target of INF-alpha, and resistance to PTX might be overcome by INF-alpha. sp 0-2 interferon alpha 17 Homo sapiens 24-33 21471235-2 2011 To provide a functional basis for these epidemiological observations, we assessed whether HIV-1-infected slow progressors (SP) carrying the *h/*y+B*57 compound genotype would have increased NK cell polyfunctional potential in comparison to SP with other killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)/HLA compound genotypes and whether this enhanced polyfunctionality was dependent upon the coexpression of both KIR3DL1*h/*y and HLA-B*57. sp 123-125 killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor, three Ig domains and long cytoplasmic tail 1 Homo sapiens 291-294 21471235-2 2011 To provide a functional basis for these epidemiological observations, we assessed whether HIV-1-infected slow progressors (SP) carrying the *h/*y+B*57 compound genotype would have increased NK cell polyfunctional potential in comparison to SP with other killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)/HLA compound genotypes and whether this enhanced polyfunctionality was dependent upon the coexpression of both KIR3DL1*h/*y and HLA-B*57. sp 123-125 killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor, three Ig domains and long cytoplasmic tail 1 Homo sapiens 407-414 21471235-2 2011 To provide a functional basis for these epidemiological observations, we assessed whether HIV-1-infected slow progressors (SP) carrying the *h/*y+B*57 compound genotype would have increased NK cell polyfunctional potential in comparison to SP with other killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)/HLA compound genotypes and whether this enhanced polyfunctionality was dependent upon the coexpression of both KIR3DL1*h/*y and HLA-B*57. sp 123-125 major histocompatibility complex, class I, B Homo sapiens 424-429 21668360-7 2011 For responses restricted by other MHC class I alleles, dual IFN-gamma/IL-2-secreting lymphocytes contributed significantly more to the total response in SP than progressors. sp 153-155 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 60-69 21668360-7 2011 For responses restricted by other MHC class I alleles, dual IFN-gamma/IL-2-secreting lymphocytes contributed significantly more to the total response in SP than progressors. sp 153-155 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 70-74 21392255-2 2011 OBJECTIVES: To identify the binding site for SP on plasminogen and elucidate the effects of SP on plasminogen activation by the tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). sp 45-47 plasminogen activator, tissue Mus musculus 163-167 21392255-2 2011 OBJECTIVES: To identify the binding site for SP on plasminogen and elucidate the effects of SP on plasminogen activation by the tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). sp 92-94 plasminogen activator, tissue Mus musculus 128-161 21278387-8 2011 These results suggest that both the kinase domain and the SP domain are involved in regulating the microtubule-binding activity of DCLK. sp 58-60 doublecortin-like kinase 2a Danio rerio 131-135 21392255-2 2011 OBJECTIVES: To identify the binding site for SP on plasminogen and elucidate the effects of SP on plasminogen activation by the tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). sp 92-94 plasminogen activator, tissue Mus musculus 163-167 21321360-3 2011 SP cells exhibit substantial heterogeneity in MM cell lines and primary MM cells; express CD138 antigen in MM cell lines; display higher mRNA expression and functional activity of ABCG2 transporter; and have a higher proliferation index compared with non-SP cells. sp 0-2 syndecan 1 Homo sapiens 90-95 21392255-7 2011 RESULTS: SP enhanced the activation of plasminogen by t-PA. sp 9-11 plasminogen activator, tissue Mus musculus 54-58 21392255-8 2011 The catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) of Glu-plasminogen activation by t-PA was 11.4-fold higher in the presence than absence of SP. sp 130-132 plasminogen activator, tissue Mus musculus 72-76 21392255-13 2011 CONCLUSIONS: SP bound to the B region and promoted the activation of plasminogen by t-PA, and then induced effective thrombolysis. sp 13-15 plasminogen activator, tissue Mus musculus 84-88 21207139-7 2011 Cresyl violet positive (CV(+)) cells were significantly decreased in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) of the 4 days post-ischemia-group, while 79.4% of CV(+) cells were detected in the CA1 of the stressed-ischemia-group. sp 93-95 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 116-119 21207139-7 2011 Cresyl violet positive (CV(+)) cells were significantly decreased in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) of the 4 days post-ischemia-group, while 79.4% of CV(+) cells were detected in the CA1 of the stressed-ischemia-group. sp 93-95 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 128-131 21207139-7 2011 Cresyl violet positive (CV(+)) cells were significantly decreased in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) of the 4 days post-ischemia-group, while 79.4% of CV(+) cells were detected in the CA1 of the stressed-ischemia-group. sp 93-95 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 128-131 21207139-8 2011 Also, a few NeuN (neuron-specific soluble nuclear antigen)(+) cells were detected in the SP of the 4 days post-ischemia-group; however, in the 4 days stressed-post-ischemia-group, 77.2% of NeuN(+) neurons were found in the SP. sp 89-91 RNA binding fox-1 homolog 3 Homo sapiens 12-16 21207139-8 2011 Also, a few NeuN (neuron-specific soluble nuclear antigen)(+) cells were detected in the SP of the 4 days post-ischemia-group; however, in the 4 days stressed-post-ischemia-group, 77.2% of NeuN(+) neurons were found in the SP. sp 89-91 RNA binding fox-1 homolog 3 Homo sapiens 18-57 21207139-10 2011 Mineralocorticoid receptor (MCR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity in the SP of the stressed-ischemia-group were higher than the ischemia-group; at 4 days post-ischemia, MCR and GR immunoreactivity were expressed in non-pyramidal cells. sp 90-92 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 Homo sapiens 0-26 21207139-10 2011 Mineralocorticoid receptor (MCR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity in the SP of the stressed-ischemia-group were higher than the ischemia-group; at 4 days post-ischemia, MCR and GR immunoreactivity were expressed in non-pyramidal cells. sp 90-92 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 Homo sapiens 28-31 21207139-10 2011 Mineralocorticoid receptor (MCR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity in the SP of the stressed-ischemia-group were higher than the ischemia-group; at 4 days post-ischemia, MCR and GR immunoreactivity were expressed in non-pyramidal cells. sp 90-92 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 Homo sapiens 37-60 21207139-10 2011 Mineralocorticoid receptor (MCR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity in the SP of the stressed-ischemia-group were higher than the ischemia-group; at 4 days post-ischemia, MCR and GR immunoreactivity were expressed in non-pyramidal cells. sp 90-92 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 Homo sapiens 62-64 21321360-3 2011 SP cells exhibit substantial heterogeneity in MM cell lines and primary MM cells; express CD138 antigen in MM cell lines; display higher mRNA expression and functional activity of ABCG2 transporter; and have a higher proliferation index compared with non-SP cells. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 180-185 20601378-5 2011 SP was significantly correlated with SF in ST, IBD and ESR for IBD and CRP for ST and hemoglobin for ST. sp 0-2 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 71-74 21521521-10 2011 MUC4 overexpression leads to increased (0.1%) side population (SP) and CD133-positive cancer stem cells compared to the control cells. sp 63-65 mucin 4, cell surface associated Homo sapiens 0-4 21435459-9 2011 SP cells demonstrated increased levels of the stem cell markers CD133 and Musashi-1. sp 0-2 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 64-69 21435459-9 2011 SP cells demonstrated increased levels of the stem cell markers CD133 and Musashi-1. sp 0-2 musashi RNA binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 74-83 21435460-5 2011 The SP cells expressed high levels of the stem cell markers SOX2, POU5F1, LGR5, and ALDH1A1 and showed resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as irinotecan or etoposide.To evaluate the susceptibility of SP cells to CTLs, we used CTL clone 41, which is specific for the CEP55-derived antigenic peptide Cep55/c10orf3_193 (10) (VYVKGLLAKI). sp 4-6 SRY-box transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 60-64 21435460-5 2011 The SP cells expressed high levels of the stem cell markers SOX2, POU5F1, LGR5, and ALDH1A1 and showed resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as irinotecan or etoposide.To evaluate the susceptibility of SP cells to CTLs, we used CTL clone 41, which is specific for the CEP55-derived antigenic peptide Cep55/c10orf3_193 (10) (VYVKGLLAKI). sp 4-6 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 66-72 21435460-5 2011 The SP cells expressed high levels of the stem cell markers SOX2, POU5F1, LGR5, and ALDH1A1 and showed resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as irinotecan or etoposide.To evaluate the susceptibility of SP cells to CTLs, we used CTL clone 41, which is specific for the CEP55-derived antigenic peptide Cep55/c10orf3_193 (10) (VYVKGLLAKI). sp 4-6 leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 Homo sapiens 74-78 21435460-5 2011 The SP cells expressed high levels of the stem cell markers SOX2, POU5F1, LGR5, and ALDH1A1 and showed resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as irinotecan or etoposide.To evaluate the susceptibility of SP cells to CTLs, we used CTL clone 41, which is specific for the CEP55-derived antigenic peptide Cep55/c10orf3_193 (10) (VYVKGLLAKI). sp 4-6 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 Homo sapiens 84-91 21435460-5 2011 The SP cells expressed high levels of the stem cell markers SOX2, POU5F1, LGR5, and ALDH1A1 and showed resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as irinotecan or etoposide.To evaluate the susceptibility of SP cells to CTLs, we used CTL clone 41, which is specific for the CEP55-derived antigenic peptide Cep55/c10orf3_193 (10) (VYVKGLLAKI). sp 4-6 centrosomal protein 55 Homo sapiens 273-278 21435460-5 2011 The SP cells expressed high levels of the stem cell markers SOX2, POU5F1, LGR5, and ALDH1A1 and showed resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as irinotecan or etoposide.To evaluate the susceptibility of SP cells to CTLs, we used CTL clone 41, which is specific for the CEP55-derived antigenic peptide Cep55/c10orf3_193 (10) (VYVKGLLAKI). sp 4-6 centrosomal protein 55 Homo sapiens 305-310 21526180-5 2011 SALL4 expression was higher in SP cells compared to non-SP cells by 2-4 fold in various malignant hematopoietic cell lines. sp 31-33 spalt like transcription factor 4 Homo sapiens 0-5 21526180-5 2011 SALL4 expression was higher in SP cells compared to non-SP cells by 2-4 fold in various malignant hematopoietic cell lines. sp 56-58 spalt like transcription factor 4 Homo sapiens 0-5 21526180-6 2011 Knocking down of SALL4 in isolated SP cells resulted in a reduction of SP cells, indicating that SALL4 is required for their self-renewal. sp 35-37 spalt like transcription factor 4 Homo sapiens 17-22 21526180-6 2011 Knocking down of SALL4 in isolated SP cells resulted in a reduction of SP cells, indicating that SALL4 is required for their self-renewal. sp 71-73 spalt like transcription factor 4 Homo sapiens 17-22 21526180-7 2011 The SP phenotype is known to be mediated by members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transport protein family, such as ABCG2 and ABCA3. sp 4-6 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 125-130 21526180-7 2011 The SP phenotype is known to be mediated by members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transport protein family, such as ABCG2 and ABCA3. sp 4-6 ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 3 Homo sapiens 135-140 21526180-10 2011 Taken together, our results suggest a novel role for SALL4 in drug sensitivity, at least in part through the maintenance of SP cells, and therefore may be responsible for drug-resistance in leukemia. sp 124-126 spalt like transcription factor 4 Homo sapiens 53-58 21316417-2 2011 In the present study, we showed that EP and sodium pyruvate (SP) inhibited the production of TNF-alpha, nitric oxide (NO), or reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. sp 61-63 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 93-102 20458343-4 2011 The CYP2C9*2 frequency was expected to be lower in the indigenous MT than in the two other groups, and lower in MM than in SP as in our earlier study. sp 123-125 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 Homo sapiens 4-10 20458343-8 2011 The frequencies of CYP2C9*2 were 0.01, 0.07, 0.08, and 0.16 for MT, MM, MA, and SP subjects, respectively. sp 80-82 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 Homo sapiens 19-25 20458343-9 2011 In agreement with our hypothesis, CYP2C9*2 was significantly lower in the Mexican populations than in the SP (P<0.05), and among Mexicans in the MT than in the MM and MA groups (P<0.05), which presented similar frequencies. sp 106-108 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 Homo sapiens 34-40 20458343-10 2011 Moreover, the frequency of CYP2C9*3 was found to be lower (P<0.05) in MM (0.015) and MT (0.015) than in MA (0.06) and SP (0.08). sp 121-123 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 Homo sapiens 27-33 21347385-7 2011 Further, pharmacological or shRNA targeting of Rac1 inhibited the tumorigenic activities of both SP and non-SP NSCLA cells. sp 97-99 Rac family small GTPase 1 Homo sapiens 47-51 20804533-5 2011 SP animals showed larger production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and nitric oxide (NO) in the liver in comparison with CT and AT, this being associated with greater accumulation of mononuclear cells. sp 0-2 interferon gamma Mus musculus 39-55 20804533-5 2011 SP animals showed larger production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and nitric oxide (NO) in the liver in comparison with CT and AT, this being associated with greater accumulation of mononuclear cells. sp 0-2 interferon gamma Mus musculus 57-66 21215418-7 2011 A few NeuN (neuron-specific soluble nuclear antigen)-positive ((+)) cells were found in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) 4 days post-ischemia in the ischemia-group; however, in the stressed-ischemia-group at 4 days post-ischemia, 83.8% of NeuN(+) neurons were found. sp 112-114 RNA binding fox-1 homolog 3 Homo sapiens 6-10 21215418-7 2011 A few NeuN (neuron-specific soluble nuclear antigen)-positive ((+)) cells were found in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) 4 days post-ischemia in the ischemia-group; however, in the stressed-ischemia-group at 4 days post-ischemia, 83.8% of NeuN(+) neurons were found. sp 112-114 RNA binding fox-1 homolog 3 Homo sapiens 12-51 21215418-7 2011 A few NeuN (neuron-specific soluble nuclear antigen)-positive ((+)) cells were found in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) 4 days post-ischemia in the ischemia-group; however, in the stressed-ischemia-group at 4 days post-ischemia, 83.8% of NeuN(+) neurons were found. sp 112-114 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 135-138 21215418-7 2011 A few NeuN (neuron-specific soluble nuclear antigen)-positive ((+)) cells were found in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) 4 days post-ischemia in the ischemia-group; however, in the stressed-ischemia-group at 4 days post-ischemia, 83.8% of NeuN(+) neurons were found. sp 112-114 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 147-150 21215418-10 2011 Among antioxidants, Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) immunoreactivity in the SP was higher in the stressed-ischemia-groups than the ischemia-groups. sp 78-80 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 48-52 21344428-7 2011 The SP had lower expression of active beta-catenin and more resistance to 5-fluorouracil; the SP also demonstrated greater expression of Bmi-1 (4.3-fold) and ABCG2 (1.4-fold). sp 4-6 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 38-50 21344428-7 2011 The SP had lower expression of active beta-catenin and more resistance to 5-fluorouracil; the SP also demonstrated greater expression of Bmi-1 (4.3-fold) and ABCG2 (1.4-fold). sp 94-96 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 137-142 21344428-7 2011 The SP had lower expression of active beta-catenin and more resistance to 5-fluorouracil; the SP also demonstrated greater expression of Bmi-1 (4.3-fold) and ABCG2 (1.4-fold). sp 94-96 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 158-163 20881352-11 2011 The glucocorticoid receptor alpha mRNA level was significantly lower in the SP group than in the DEX group. sp 76-78 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 Bos taurus 4-33 20561121-13 2011 CONCLUSIONS: We observed that the inflammatory cell infiltrate in SP mainly consists of T lymphocytes, particularly CD8+ cells, CD15+ neutrophils, and CD68+ macrophages. sp 66-68 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 116-119 20561121-13 2011 CONCLUSIONS: We observed that the inflammatory cell infiltrate in SP mainly consists of T lymphocytes, particularly CD8+ cells, CD15+ neutrophils, and CD68+ macrophages. sp 66-68 fucosyltransferase 4 Homo sapiens 128-132 20561121-13 2011 CONCLUSIONS: We observed that the inflammatory cell infiltrate in SP mainly consists of T lymphocytes, particularly CD8+ cells, CD15+ neutrophils, and CD68+ macrophages. sp 66-68 CD68 molecule Homo sapiens 151-155 22073292-7 2011 These results collectively suggest that the inhibition of glycolysis is able to overcome drug resistance in ABC transporter-expressing malignant cells through the inactivation of ABC transporters and impairment of SP cells with enhanced glycolysis as well as clonogenic cells. sp 214-216 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 108-123 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 30-32 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 93-105 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 30-32 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 107-114 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 30-32 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 178-185 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 37-39 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 93-105 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 37-39 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 107-114 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 37-39 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 133-139 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 37-39 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 178-185 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 37-39 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 93-105 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 37-39 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 107-114 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 37-39 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 133-139 21156786-6 2011 GT-094-mediated repression of Sp and Sp-regulated gene products was due to downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an Sp repressor that is regulated by miR-27a in colon cancer cells. sp 37-39 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 178-185 21297376-2 2011 SP acted as enhancers of insulin absorption when a 0.1% solution was applied with insulin simultaneously and their enhancing effects depended on the MW of the SP; the same solutions exhibited low toxicity in the in vivo LDH leaching test. sp 0-2 insulin Homo sapiens 25-32 21297376-2 2011 SP acted as enhancers of insulin absorption when a 0.1% solution was applied with insulin simultaneously and their enhancing effects depended on the MW of the SP; the same solutions exhibited low toxicity in the in vivo LDH leaching test. sp 159-161 insulin Homo sapiens 25-32 20209499-6 2011 Furthermore, although SP from HuH7 Tet-off mock cells formed a similar number of CSC spheres of a similar size whether with or without Dox, SP from HuH7 Tet-off Cx32 cells developed a greater number of larger CSC spheres in the Dox-free medium than in the Dox-supplemented one. sp 22-24 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 30-34 22161835-8 2011 Sca1 positive cells were single cell sorted and thereafter the SP population increased with repeated SP analyses. sp 63-65 ataxin 1 Canis lupus familiaris 0-4 22161835-8 2011 Sca1 positive cells were single cell sorted and thereafter the SP population increased with repeated SP analyses. sp 101-103 ataxin 1 Canis lupus familiaris 0-4 21098124-6 2011 Fusion of a TCF C-terminal activation domain to SRF.V194E effectively restores ERK-dependent single-positive (SP) thymocyte development. sp 110-112 hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha Homo sapiens 12-15 21098124-6 2011 Fusion of a TCF C-terminal activation domain to SRF.V194E effectively restores ERK-dependent single-positive (SP) thymocyte development. sp 110-112 serum response factor Homo sapiens 48-51 21098124-6 2011 Fusion of a TCF C-terminal activation domain to SRF.V194E effectively restores ERK-dependent single-positive (SP) thymocyte development. sp 110-112 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 79-82 21216927-5 2011 Furthermore, ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) and EZH2 are consistently overexpressed in SP compared with non-SP from patients" tumor cells. sp 79-81 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 13-18 21216927-5 2011 Furthermore, ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) and EZH2 are consistently overexpressed in SP compared with non-SP from patients" tumor cells. sp 79-81 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 20-34 21216927-5 2011 Furthermore, ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) and EZH2 are consistently overexpressed in SP compared with non-SP from patients" tumor cells. sp 79-81 enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit Homo sapiens 40-44 21216927-5 2011 Furthermore, ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) and EZH2 are consistently overexpressed in SP compared with non-SP from patients" tumor cells. sp 100-102 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 13-18 21216927-5 2011 Furthermore, ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) and EZH2 are consistently overexpressed in SP compared with non-SP from patients" tumor cells. sp 100-102 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 20-34 21216927-5 2011 Furthermore, ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein) and EZH2 are consistently overexpressed in SP compared with non-SP from patients" tumor cells. sp 100-102 enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit Homo sapiens 40-44 20923453-6 2011 CONCLUSION: In order to study the generating mechanisms of EDA in detail, the SP must be measured without DC current flow and compared with AC conductance results. sp 78-80 ectodysplasin A Homo sapiens 59-62 20209499-6 2011 Furthermore, although SP from HuH7 Tet-off mock cells formed a similar number of CSC spheres of a similar size whether with or without Dox, SP from HuH7 Tet-off Cx32 cells developed a greater number of larger CSC spheres in the Dox-free medium than in the Dox-supplemented one. sp 140-142 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 148-152 20209499-6 2011 Furthermore, although SP from HuH7 Tet-off mock cells formed a similar number of CSC spheres of a similar size whether with or without Dox, SP from HuH7 Tet-off Cx32 cells developed a greater number of larger CSC spheres in the Dox-free medium than in the Dox-supplemented one. sp 140-142 gap junction protein beta 1 Homo sapiens 161-165 21109989-5 2011 Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis demonstrated the existence of SP in MDA-MB-231 cells, which was markedly reduced in the presence of fumitremorgin C, a specific inhibitor of ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2). sp 74-76 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 185-227 21109989-5 2011 Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis demonstrated the existence of SP in MDA-MB-231 cells, which was markedly reduced in the presence of fumitremorgin C, a specific inhibitor of ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2). sp 74-76 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 229-234 21760941-10 2011 These features shown by the SP cells suggested that IL7R and IL1R2 are available as markers to detect the SP cells and that vCTB progenitor cells and trophoblast stem cells were involved in the SP cell population. sp 28-30 interleukin 7 receptor Homo sapiens 52-56 22073292-7 2011 These results collectively suggest that the inhibition of glycolysis is able to overcome drug resistance in ABC transporter-expressing malignant cells through the inactivation of ABC transporters and impairment of SP cells with enhanced glycolysis as well as clonogenic cells. sp 214-216 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (Langereis blood group) Homo sapiens 108-111 20876561-8 2010 We identified several intriguing allelic interactions between SP and SPR. sp 62-64 Sex peptide receptor Drosophila melanogaster 69-72 21092320-8 2010 After G-CSF secondary prophylaxis (SP), 4% experienced further FN events. sp 35-37 colony stimulating factor 3 Homo sapiens 6-11 21051287-6 2010 Decidual SP cells were negative for the mature decidual cell marker CD13 and prolactin and negative for CD34 and CD45 expression. sp 9-11 alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane Homo sapiens 68-72 20729912-8 2010 Knockdown of TNC dramatically decreased the SP fraction in melanoma spheres and lowered their resistance to doxorubicin treatment, likely because of the downregulation of multiple ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including ABCB5. sp 44-46 tenascin C Mus musculus 13-16 22969166-8 2010 Rats learned to anticipate the violation element based on SP cues alone when it was located in SP6 in a 24-element pattern, but not when it was in SP12. sp 58-60 Sp6 transcription factor Rattus norvegicus 95-98 20217131-4 2010 METHODS: The expression and distribution of HIF-1alpha and P-gp proteins were detected in human colon carcinoma tissues and cell lines by immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry using streptavidin/peroxidase (SP) and double-label immunofluorescence methods. sp 214-216 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 44-54 20217131-4 2010 METHODS: The expression and distribution of HIF-1alpha and P-gp proteins were detected in human colon carcinoma tissues and cell lines by immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry using streptavidin/peroxidase (SP) and double-label immunofluorescence methods. sp 214-216 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 59-63 21062978-8 2010 When both markers were incorporated into a model for ERG(-) patients, the AUC increased to 0.83, with TOP2A showing a stronger association with SP than MIB-1. sp 144-146 ETS transcription factor ERG Homo sapiens 53-56 21062978-8 2010 When both markers were incorporated into a model for ERG(-) patients, the AUC increased to 0.83, with TOP2A showing a stronger association with SP than MIB-1. sp 144-146 DNA topoisomerase II alpha Homo sapiens 102-107 21062978-9 2010 The time to SP was significantly associated with TOP2A; higher 5-year SP rates were observed in patients with higher TOP2A protein levels. sp 12-14 DNA topoisomerase II alpha Homo sapiens 49-54 21062978-9 2010 The time to SP was significantly associated with TOP2A; higher 5-year SP rates were observed in patients with higher TOP2A protein levels. sp 70-72 DNA topoisomerase II alpha Homo sapiens 117-122 21061442-4 2010 In this study, we show that IRF4 is upregulated in TCR-signaled thymocytes and is predominantly expressed in CD4 single-positive (SP), but not in CD8 SP, cells. sp 130-132 interferon regulatory factor 4 Homo sapiens 28-32 21061442-4 2010 In this study, we show that IRF4 is upregulated in TCR-signaled thymocytes and is predominantly expressed in CD4 single-positive (SP), but not in CD8 SP, cells. sp 130-132 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 109-112 21061442-4 2010 In this study, we show that IRF4 is upregulated in TCR-signaled thymocytes and is predominantly expressed in CD4 single-positive (SP), but not in CD8 SP, cells. sp 150-152 interferon regulatory factor 4 Homo sapiens 28-32 20809987-2 2010 Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are required for proper SP development, although a functional role for any one MMP in SP development remains unknown. sp 57-59 matrix metallopeptidase 25 Homo sapiens 27-31 20684544-10 2010 We examined the relevance of the SP to PDT resistance with ABCG2 substrates in vitro and in vivo in the murine mammary tumor 4T1. sp 33-35 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 59-64 20684544-12 2010 The SP could be targeted by addition of imatinib mesylate, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor which inhibits the ATPase activity of ABCG2, and prevents efflux of substrates. sp 4-6 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 125-130 20599940-4 2010 This occurs at the transition from a double positive (DP) to a single positive (SP) phenotype, resulting in higher numbers of CD4 and CD8 SP cells, and to a lesser extent at the transition from double negative (DN) to DP cells. sp 80-82 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 126-129 20855877-6 2010 In this study, we compared the in vitro characteristics and T cell-stimulatory capacities of a human 30-mer HA-1 LP with the 9-mer HA-1 SP. sp 136-138 Rho GTPase activating protein 45 Homo sapiens 131-135 20682843-8 2010 To determine whether high levels of estrogen in vivo can affect the regulation of SK3 protein levels by Sp factors, ovariectomized mice were implanted with a 17beta-estradiol or placebo pellet for 3 wk; estrogen-treated mice had reduced uterine SK3 protein expression compared with placebo-treated counterparts. sp 104-106 potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 3 Mus musculus 82-85 20670624-4 2010 In Experiment 1, both SP and EP treatment(s) significantly reduced the number of dead/dying cells in the ipsilateral hippocampus (dentate hilus+CA3(c) and/or CA3(a-b) regions) at 72 h post-CCI. sp 22-24 carbonic anhydrase 3 Rattus norvegicus 144-147 20670624-4 2010 In Experiment 1, both SP and EP treatment(s) significantly reduced the number of dead/dying cells in the ipsilateral hippocampus (dentate hilus+CA3(c) and/or CA3(a-b) regions) at 72 h post-CCI. sp 22-24 carbonic anhydrase 3 Rattus norvegicus 158-161 20809987-2 2010 Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are required for proper SP development, although a functional role for any one MMP in SP development remains unknown. sp 57-59 matrix metallopeptidase 25 Homo sapiens 27-30 20809987-3 2010 MMP-25 may have a functional role in SP formation as genetic scans of the DNA of human cleft palate patients indicate a common mutation at a region upstream of the MMP-25 gene. sp 37-39 matrix metallopeptidase 25 Homo sapiens 0-6 20809987-3 2010 MMP-25 may have a functional role in SP formation as genetic scans of the DNA of human cleft palate patients indicate a common mutation at a region upstream of the MMP-25 gene. sp 37-39 matrix metallopeptidase 25 Homo sapiens 164-170 20809987-4 2010 We report on the gene expression profile of MMP-25 in the developing mouse SP and identify its functional role in mouse SP development. sp 75-77 matrix metallopeptidase 25 Mus musculus 44-50 20809987-4 2010 We report on the gene expression profile of MMP-25 in the developing mouse SP and identify its functional role in mouse SP development. sp 120-122 matrix metallopeptidase 25 Mus musculus 44-50 20809987-10 2010 These data suggest a functional role for MMP-25 in mouse SP development and are the first to identify a role for a single MMP in mouse SP development. sp 57-59 matrix metallopeptidase 25 Mus musculus 41-47 20809987-10 2010 These data suggest a functional role for MMP-25 in mouse SP development and are the first to identify a role for a single MMP in mouse SP development. sp 57-59 matrix metallopeptidase 25 Homo sapiens 41-44 20718937-7 2010 E11.5 and E13.5 CD45(+)c-Kit(+) placental cells that have an ability to form hematopoietic colonies mainly reside in Hoechst dye-effluxing side population area (SP). sp 161-163 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 16-20 20718937-7 2010 E11.5 and E13.5 CD45(+)c-Kit(+) placental cells that have an ability to form hematopoietic colonies mainly reside in Hoechst dye-effluxing side population area (SP). sp 161-163 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 23-28 20438814-8 2010 In the presence of the GABA(A) receptor blocker bicuculline (BMI, 5 microM), CNP-mediated effects were attenuated in SP and SR. sp 117-119 natriuretic peptide C Rattus norvegicus 77-80 20121456-8 2010 Of note, SP cells demonstrated an increased expression of CD184 (CXCR4) compared with non-SP cells. sp 9-11 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 58-63 20121456-8 2010 Of note, SP cells demonstrated an increased expression of CD184 (CXCR4) compared with non-SP cells. sp 9-11 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 65-70 20121456-10 2010 CD184(+) SP cells formed more colonies than CD184(-) SP cells. sp 9-11 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 0-5 20463585-5 2010 RESULTS: CRP levels significantly increased in the SP group (P < 0.0001) but not in the RP group or the LTNP group. sp 51-53 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 9-12 20682644-9 2010 As expected, overexpression of Nrf2 cDNA in lung epithelial cells led to an increase in ABCG2 expression and a 2-fold higher SP fraction. sp 125-127 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 31-35 20682644-1 2010 ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, member 2 (ABCG2) is expressed in both normal and cancer cells and plays a crucial role in side population (SP) formation and efflux of xenobiotics and drugs. sp 142-144 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 0-43 20682644-10 2010 Thus, Nrf2-mediated regulation of ABCG2 expression maintains the SP fraction and confers chemoresistance. sp 65-67 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 6-10 20682644-1 2010 ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, member 2 (ABCG2) is expressed in both normal and cancer cells and plays a crucial role in side population (SP) formation and efflux of xenobiotics and drugs. sp 142-144 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 45-50 20682644-10 2010 Thus, Nrf2-mediated regulation of ABCG2 expression maintains the SP fraction and confers chemoresistance. sp 65-67 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 34-39 20682644-7 2010 Disruption of Nrf2 expression in lung and prostate cancer cells, by short hairpin RNA, attenuated the expression of ABCG2 transcript and protein, and dramatically reduced the SP fraction in Nrf2-depleted cancer cells. sp 175-177 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 14-18 20682644-7 2010 Disruption of Nrf2 expression in lung and prostate cancer cells, by short hairpin RNA, attenuated the expression of ABCG2 transcript and protein, and dramatically reduced the SP fraction in Nrf2-depleted cancer cells. sp 175-177 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 190-194 20424609-9 2010 Whereas non-SP cells formed fewer and slower-growing tumours, SP cells over-expressed many genes associated with cancer stem cell and drug resistance: ABCG2, FGF1, IGF1, MYC, SOX1/2, WNT1, as well as genes involved in angiogenesis, Notch and Hedgehog pathways. sp 62-64 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 151-156 20558243-2 2010 Immunization was carried out with the synthetic peptide (SP) polymerized either with itself or with the beta fraction of the cholera toxin (CTB) and then enclosed in nanocapsules of phosphatidyl choline, cholesterol and Quil A (ISCOM). sp 57-59 chitobiase Mus musculus 140-143 20651349-10 2010 Silencing of beta-catenin decreased significantly more SP cells than non-SP cells. sp 55-57 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 13-25 20651349-10 2010 Silencing of beta-catenin decreased significantly more SP cells than non-SP cells. sp 73-75 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 13-25 20382698-4 2010 as-miR-27a and overexpression of ZBTB10 inhibited 17beta-estradiol (E2)-induced transactivation in MCF-7 cells, and this was accompanied by decreased binding of Sp and ER proteins in cell lysates to oligonucleotides containing GC-rich motifs or estrogen-responsive elements, respectively. sp 161-163 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 3-10 20382698-4 2010 as-miR-27a and overexpression of ZBTB10 inhibited 17beta-estradiol (E2)-induced transactivation in MCF-7 cells, and this was accompanied by decreased binding of Sp and ER proteins in cell lysates to oligonucleotides containing GC-rich motifs or estrogen-responsive elements, respectively. sp 161-163 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 33-39 20334402-6 2010 Neat PU-1 had a constant SP that was cycle-independent and actually increased on annealing. sp 25-27 Spi-1 proto-oncogene Homo sapiens 5-9 20424609-9 2010 Whereas non-SP cells formed fewer and slower-growing tumours, SP cells over-expressed many genes associated with cancer stem cell and drug resistance: ABCG2, FGF1, IGF1, MYC, SOX1/2, WNT1, as well as genes involved in angiogenesis, Notch and Hedgehog pathways. sp 62-64 fibroblast growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 158-162 20488920-6 2010 Repression of Sp and Sp-dependent genes by CDDO-Me was due to the down-regulation of microRNA-27a and induction of zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 (ZBTB10), an Sp repressor, and these responses were also reversed by antioxidants. sp 14-16 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 157-163 20488920-6 2010 Repression of Sp and Sp-dependent genes by CDDO-Me was due to the down-regulation of microRNA-27a and induction of zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 (ZBTB10), an Sp repressor, and these responses were also reversed by antioxidants. sp 21-23 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 157-163 20625515-7 2010 Importantly, we found that SP cells in HNSCC had abnormal activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling as compared to non-SP cells. sp 27-29 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 76-88 20439714-10 2010 Raldh2(-/-) hearts display increased SP cell numbers, with selective increases in expression of cardiac progenitor cell markers and reduced differentiation marker levels. sp 37-39 aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1, subfamily A2 Mus musculus 0-6 20424609-9 2010 Whereas non-SP cells formed fewer and slower-growing tumours, SP cells over-expressed many genes associated with cancer stem cell and drug resistance: ABCG2, FGF1, IGF1, MYC, SOX1/2, WNT1, as well as genes involved in angiogenesis, Notch and Hedgehog pathways. sp 62-64 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 164-168 20424609-9 2010 Whereas non-SP cells formed fewer and slower-growing tumours, SP cells over-expressed many genes associated with cancer stem cell and drug resistance: ABCG2, FGF1, IGF1, MYC, SOX1/2, WNT1, as well as genes involved in angiogenesis, Notch and Hedgehog pathways. sp 62-64 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 170-173 20424609-9 2010 Whereas non-SP cells formed fewer and slower-growing tumours, SP cells over-expressed many genes associated with cancer stem cell and drug resistance: ABCG2, FGF1, IGF1, MYC, SOX1/2, WNT1, as well as genes involved in angiogenesis, Notch and Hedgehog pathways. sp 62-64 SRY-box transcription factor 12 Homo sapiens 175-181 20424609-9 2010 Whereas non-SP cells formed fewer and slower-growing tumours, SP cells over-expressed many genes associated with cancer stem cell and drug resistance: ABCG2, FGF1, IGF1, MYC, SOX1/2, WNT1, as well as genes involved in angiogenesis, Notch and Hedgehog pathways. sp 62-64 Wnt family member 1 Homo sapiens 183-187 19833736-8 2009 Treatment of cells with a broad-spectrum phosphatase inhibitor, sodium pervanadate (SP), significantly reversed LILRB4-mediated inhibition of TNFalpha production and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. sp 84-86 leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor B4 Homo sapiens 112-118 20348958-5 2010 We show that several traits integrate pleiotropically to drive heterosis in a multiplicative manner, and these effects derive from a suppression of growth termination mediated by SELF PRUNING (SP), an antagonist of SFT. sp 193-195 protein single flower truss Solanum lycopersicum 215-218 20308537-3 2010 SP modulates female behaviors via sex peptide receptor (SPR) located in a small subset of internal sensory neurons that innervate the female uterus and project to the CNS. sp 0-2 Sex peptide receptor Drosophila melanogaster 34-54 20308537-3 2010 SP modulates female behaviors via sex peptide receptor (SPR) located in a small subset of internal sensory neurons that innervate the female uterus and project to the CNS. sp 0-2 Sex peptide receptor Drosophila melanogaster 56-59 21048853-7 2010 GADD45b was over-expressed in non-SP cells, but the inhibition of GADD45b had no effect on non-SP cells. sp 34-36 growth arrest and DNA damage inducible beta Homo sapiens 0-7 20145614-8 2010 The SP also decreased in the presence of HER2 signalling inhibitors AG825 or trastuzumab, strengthening the notion that HER2 contributed to the SP phenotype, likely through downstream AKT signalling. sp 144-146 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 41-45 20145614-8 2010 The SP also decreased in the presence of HER2 signalling inhibitors AG825 or trastuzumab, strengthening the notion that HER2 contributed to the SP phenotype, likely through downstream AKT signalling. sp 144-146 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 120-124 20145614-8 2010 The SP also decreased in the presence of HER2 signalling inhibitors AG825 or trastuzumab, strengthening the notion that HER2 contributed to the SP phenotype, likely through downstream AKT signalling. sp 144-146 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 184-187 20171362-5 2010 The SP fraction was detected by Hoechst 33342 fluorescence flow cytometry, and the expression of SP marker ABCG2 was investigated by immunofluorescence. sp 97-99 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 107-112 19703477-10 2010 In contrast, interaction of PARP1 with one nucleotide gapped DNA mimicking the intermediate of short patch (SP) BER slightly inhibits the gap-filling activity of Pol beta and the overall efficiency of SP BER is practically unaffected by PARP1. sp 108-110 poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 Bos taurus 28-33 19703477-10 2010 In contrast, interaction of PARP1 with one nucleotide gapped DNA mimicking the intermediate of short patch (SP) BER slightly inhibits the gap-filling activity of Pol beta and the overall efficiency of SP BER is practically unaffected by PARP1. sp 108-110 DNA polymerase beta Bos taurus 162-170 20007324-6 2010 Likewise, either overexpression of a key regulator of cell cycle, Mad2, or knock down of Aurora B, an important kinase in mitosis, or Cdh1, a key E3 ligase in cell cycle, resulted in a significant increase of SP cells in CNE-2. sp 209-211 mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1 Homo sapiens 66-70 20007324-6 2010 Likewise, either overexpression of a key regulator of cell cycle, Mad2, or knock down of Aurora B, an important kinase in mitosis, or Cdh1, a key E3 ligase in cell cycle, resulted in a significant increase of SP cells in CNE-2. sp 209-211 aurora kinase B Homo sapiens 89-97 20007324-6 2010 Likewise, either overexpression of a key regulator of cell cycle, Mad2, or knock down of Aurora B, an important kinase in mitosis, or Cdh1, a key E3 ligase in cell cycle, resulted in a significant increase of SP cells in CNE-2. sp 209-211 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 134-138 20423011-8 2010 The result showed that SP could down-regulate the expression of Ki-67, CyclinD1 and Bcl-2 protein, and up-regulate the expression of Bax protein. sp 23-25 antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki 67 Mus musculus 64-69 20423011-8 2010 The result showed that SP could down-regulate the expression of Ki-67, CyclinD1 and Bcl-2 protein, and up-regulate the expression of Bax protein. sp 23-25 cyclin D1 Mus musculus 71-79 20423011-8 2010 The result showed that SP could down-regulate the expression of Ki-67, CyclinD1 and Bcl-2 protein, and up-regulate the expression of Bax protein. sp 23-25 B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 Mus musculus 84-89 20423011-8 2010 The result showed that SP could down-regulate the expression of Ki-67, CyclinD1 and Bcl-2 protein, and up-regulate the expression of Bax protein. sp 23-25 BCL2-associated X protein Mus musculus 133-136 20008133-3 2010 In this study, we isolated and characterized the SP cells in human endometrial cancer cells and in rat endometrial cells expressing oncogenic human K-Ras protein. sp 49-51 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Homo sapiens 148-153 20407012-5 2010 The results show that EGFR is an Sp-regulated gene in bladder cancer, and drugs such as BA and curcumin that repress Sp proteins also ablate EGFR expression. sp 33-35 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 22-26 20407012-5 2010 The results show that EGFR is an Sp-regulated gene in bladder cancer, and drugs such as BA and curcumin that repress Sp proteins also ablate EGFR expression. sp 117-119 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 22-26 20407012-5 2010 The results show that EGFR is an Sp-regulated gene in bladder cancer, and drugs such as BA and curcumin that repress Sp proteins also ablate EGFR expression. sp 117-119 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 141-145 20145614-6 2010 HER2 expression was significantly correlated with the occurrence of an SP (r(2)=0.75, P=0.0003). sp 71-73 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 20145614-7 2010 Disappearance of SP in the presence of Ko143, a specific inhibitor of the ATP-binding cassette transporter BCRP, suggests that BCRP is the predominant transporter expressed in this population. sp 17-19 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 107-111 20145614-7 2010 Disappearance of SP in the presence of Ko143, a specific inhibitor of the ATP-binding cassette transporter BCRP, suggests that BCRP is the predominant transporter expressed in this population. sp 17-19 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 127-131 20145614-8 2010 The SP also decreased in the presence of HER2 signalling inhibitors AG825 or trastuzumab, strengthening the notion that HER2 contributed to the SP phenotype, likely through downstream AKT signalling. sp 4-6 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 41-45 20145614-8 2010 The SP also decreased in the presence of HER2 signalling inhibitors AG825 or trastuzumab, strengthening the notion that HER2 contributed to the SP phenotype, likely through downstream AKT signalling. sp 4-6 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 120-124 20145614-8 2010 The SP also decreased in the presence of HER2 signalling inhibitors AG825 or trastuzumab, strengthening the notion that HER2 contributed to the SP phenotype, likely through downstream AKT signalling. sp 4-6 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 184-187 20072155-3 2010 To discover whether drug-resistant malignant SP cells are nonetheless sensitive to immune-mediated killing, we first established the presence of a malignant CD5(+)CD19(+) SP subset in the blood of 18/21 subjects with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). sp 45-47 CD5 molecule Homo sapiens 157-160 20072155-7 2010 Elimination of SP cells is likely triggered by their increased expression of target antigens, such as receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM), after stimulation of the malignant cells by hCD40L, as CD8(+) RHAMM-specific T cells could be detected in the peripheral blood of immunized patients and were associated with the decline in B-CLL SP cells. sp 15-17 hyaluronan mediated motility receptor Homo sapiens 102-143 20072155-7 2010 Elimination of SP cells is likely triggered by their increased expression of target antigens, such as receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM), after stimulation of the malignant cells by hCD40L, as CD8(+) RHAMM-specific T cells could be detected in the peripheral blood of immunized patients and were associated with the decline in B-CLL SP cells. sp 15-17 hyaluronan mediated motility receptor Homo sapiens 145-150 20072155-7 2010 Elimination of SP cells is likely triggered by their increased expression of target antigens, such as receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM), after stimulation of the malignant cells by hCD40L, as CD8(+) RHAMM-specific T cells could be detected in the peripheral blood of immunized patients and were associated with the decline in B-CLL SP cells. sp 15-17 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 208-211 20072155-7 2010 Elimination of SP cells is likely triggered by their increased expression of target antigens, such as receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM), after stimulation of the malignant cells by hCD40L, as CD8(+) RHAMM-specific T cells could be detected in the peripheral blood of immunized patients and were associated with the decline in B-CLL SP cells. sp 15-17 hyaluronan mediated motility receptor Homo sapiens 215-220 20072155-7 2010 Elimination of SP cells is likely triggered by their increased expression of target antigens, such as receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM), after stimulation of the malignant cells by hCD40L, as CD8(+) RHAMM-specific T cells could be detected in the peripheral blood of immunized patients and were associated with the decline in B-CLL SP cells. sp 348-350 hyaluronan mediated motility receptor Homo sapiens 102-143 20040597-6 2010 In SP cells, which expel H33342, down-regulation of SOX17 was less pronounced than in NSP cells, which retain H33342. sp 3-5 SRY-box transcription factor 17 Homo sapiens 52-57 20139728-6 2010 Conversely, female AnxA1(-/-)/HY-TCR mice showed an increase in DP and a decrease in CD8 (SP) cells compared to female AnxA1(+/+)/HY-TCR. sp 90-92 annexin A1 Mus musculus 19-24 19523754-4 2010 Moreover, certain cytokines - such as IFN-alpha - appear to modulate SP and stem cell functions, and this associates with remarkable therapeutic activity in animal models. sp 69-71 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 38-47 19939918-8 2010 We further showed that the Q (Gln-rich), SP (Ser-Pro-rich), and WDR (Trp-Asp repeat) domains of TLE2 and the Pro-rich domain of RTA were essential for this interaction. sp 41-43 TLE family member 2, transcriptional corepressor Homo sapiens 96-100 20385068-2 2010 SP cells are characterised by high efflux capability for Hoechst 33342 dye and for anti-cancer therapeutic agents through transporters; ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette transporter G2) is currently most closely associated with the SP phenotype. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 136-141 20385068-2 2010 SP cells are characterised by high efflux capability for Hoechst 33342 dye and for anti-cancer therapeutic agents through transporters; ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette transporter G2) is currently most closely associated with the SP phenotype. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 143-178 20385068-2 2010 SP cells are characterised by high efflux capability for Hoechst 33342 dye and for anti-cancer therapeutic agents through transporters; ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette transporter G2) is currently most closely associated with the SP phenotype. sp 226-228 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 136-141 20385068-2 2010 SP cells are characterised by high efflux capability for Hoechst 33342 dye and for anti-cancer therapeutic agents through transporters; ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette transporter G2) is currently most closely associated with the SP phenotype. sp 226-228 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 143-178 19833736-8 2009 Treatment of cells with a broad-spectrum phosphatase inhibitor, sodium pervanadate (SP), significantly reversed LILRB4-mediated inhibition of TNFalpha production and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. sp 84-86 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 142-150 19740340-5 2009 The percentages of cells expressing mCTLA-4 and cCTLA-4 in RR patients were higher in carriers of the alleles non-predisposing to MS (namely CT60A and Jo31T), but the percentages of corresponding cells were unexpectedly significantly lower in SP patients than in RR patients. sp 243-245 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 Mus musculus 36-43 20193454-2 2009 METHODS: Notch1 gene of human breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and normal mammary gland tissues were amplified by RT-PCR, and the expression of Notch1 protein was detected by immunohistochemical Streptavidin-Biotin Complex (SP) stain in 60 IDC, 30 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and 60 normal mammary tissues. sp 230-232 notch receptor 1 Homo sapiens 9-15 20193454-2 2009 METHODS: Notch1 gene of human breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and normal mammary gland tissues were amplified by RT-PCR, and the expression of Notch1 protein was detected by immunohistochemical Streptavidin-Biotin Complex (SP) stain in 60 IDC, 30 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and 60 normal mammary tissues. sp 230-232 notch receptor 1 Homo sapiens 150-156 19787253-10 2009 The percentage of SP fraction of ERas-positive gastric cancer cells was significantly (p=0.024) higher (3.4+/-1.8%), in comparison to that of ERas-negative cells (1.6+/-0.4%). sp 18-20 ES cell expressed Ras Homo sapiens 33-37 19481426-4 2009 The SP with higher stearyl group content (SP3) can self-assemble into aggregates with an average diameter of ca. sp 4-6 Sp3 transcription factor Homo sapiens 42-45 19650038-6 2009 We find that Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(Low/-) cells are found throughout the spectrum of ALDH expression and are enriched especially in ALDH(Br) cells when associated with SP functionality (SP/ALDH(Br) fraction). sp 164-166 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 19-23 19650038-6 2009 We find that Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(Low/-) cells are found throughout the spectrum of ALDH expression and are enriched especially in ALDH(Br) cells when associated with SP functionality (SP/ALDH(Br) fraction). sp 164-166 CD38 molecule Homo sapiens 26-30 19650038-9 2009 In conclusion, our study shows that the coexpression of SP and ALDH markers refines the Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(-) hematopoietic compartment and identifies an SP/ALDH(Br) cell subset enriched in quiescent primitive HSCs/HPCs. sp 56-58 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 94-98 19650038-9 2009 In conclusion, our study shows that the coexpression of SP and ALDH markers refines the Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(-) hematopoietic compartment and identifies an SP/ALDH(Br) cell subset enriched in quiescent primitive HSCs/HPCs. sp 56-58 CD38 molecule Homo sapiens 101-105 19842219-9 2009 The ratios of CD133(+)/CD133(-) cells were almost identical in the SP and non-SP in HuH7. sp 67-69 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 14-19 19740340-7 2009 It is hypothesized that the decreasing frequencies of cells expressing immunosuppressive mCTLA-4 and cCTLA-4 in carriers of alleles non-predisposing to MS (i.e. CT60A and Jo31T) may lead to inadequate down-regulation of ongoing T-cell responses in these patients and, as a consequence, earlier progression of disease from the RR form to the SP form. sp 341-343 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 Mus musculus 89-96 19797813-11 2009 However, the insulin response was significantly lower for SR compared to SP and SG. sp 73-75 insulin Homo sapiens 13-20 19762971-8 2009 CONCLUSIONS: Different kind of mutation: deletion, insertion and stop codon, were detected in 3/14 samples from SP, with co-circulation of a 195 bp vif deletion virus with a wild type in one of these patients. sp 112-114 Vif Human immunodeficiency virus 1 148-151 19233167-4 2009 Whilst the SP population remained positive for CD34 during the 1st and 2nd trimester, 1st trimester SP cells were more highly enriched for haematopoietic and epithelial progenitor activity than those from the 2nd trimester in vitro. sp 11-13 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 47-51 19233167-6 2009 Furthermore, modification of SP integrin expression during development suggests a potential adaptive interaction with niche components such as fibronectin. sp 29-31 fibronectin 1 Homo sapiens 143-154 19418455-5 2009 Transcriptomal interrogation revealed in the non-Sca1(high) SP upregulated expression of the pituitary stem/progenitor cell markers Sox2 and Sox9, and of multiple factors critically involved in pituitary embryogenesis. sp 60-62 lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A Mus musculus 49-53 19415785-5 2009 Flow cytometric identification and isolation of this subpopulation of stem cells revealed that in the mouse there are 2.5% of adipose SP cells within the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue. sp 134-136 WD and tetratricopeptide repeats 1 Mus musculus 126-133 19241154-7 2009 In the CA3, a few CB(+) neurons were found only in the SP at PM 1 and in the stratum radiatum at PM 18 and 24. sp 55-57 carbonic anhydrase 3 Homo sapiens 7-10 19489102-6 2009 Ten weeks after IR exposure, expression of Sca-1 and c-Kit at the SP cell surface returned to control levels, and BM cellularity of irradiated mice was restored. sp 66-68 ataxin 1 Mus musculus 43-48 19489102-6 2009 Ten weeks after IR exposure, expression of Sca-1 and c-Kit at the SP cell surface returned to control levels, and BM cellularity of irradiated mice was restored. sp 66-68 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 53-58 19416824-4 2009 Here we identify local balances between SINGLE FLOWER TRUSS (SFT), the tomato precursor of florigen, and SELF-PRUNING (SP), a potent SFT-dependent SFT inhibitor as prime targets of mobile florigen. sp 119-121 protein single flower truss Solanum lycopersicum 133-136 19416824-4 2009 Here we identify local balances between SINGLE FLOWER TRUSS (SFT), the tomato precursor of florigen, and SELF-PRUNING (SP), a potent SFT-dependent SFT inhibitor as prime targets of mobile florigen. sp 119-121 protein single flower truss Solanum lycopersicum 133-136 18931325-3 2009 The effect of CD40 on SP production was also investigated in vitro using the H441 cell line, which has a phenotype similar to type II alveolar epithelial cells and primary alveolar epithelial cells. sp 22-24 CD40 molecule Homo sapiens 14-18 19296540-2 2009 In an isolated SP cell culture, the cells rapidly expressed and up-regulated E-cadherin, an epithelial phenotypic marker, and the cells formed tightly contacted cell cluster, which is a representative epithelial phenotypic appearance. sp 15-17 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 77-87 19296540-6 2009 Finally, SP cells exerted notable matrigel invasion activity in response to TGF-beta treatment, whereas MP cells did not respond to TGF-beta-mediated invasion. sp 9-11 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 76-84 19420236-5 2009 The tandem peptide (TP) consisting of two SP sequences in tandem was designed to strengthen VE-cadherin adhesion by simultaneously binding and cross-bridging two interacting cadherin molecules. sp 42-44 cadherin 5 Homo sapiens 92-103 19302394-3 2009 RESULTS: IL-12 and TNF-alpha mRNA levels were higher in SP, followed by IP and MC (P <0.05). sp 56-58 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 19-28 19302394-7 2009 The highest OPG/RANKL ratio was observed in HI and the lowest in SP (P<0.01). sp 65-67 TNF receptor superfamily member 11b Homo sapiens 12-15 19261001-5 2009 TGF-beta treatment increased the percentage of SP cells (%SP) and the survival rate; chemotherapeutic drug resistance developed only in K-251 SP cells. sp 47-49 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-8 19261001-5 2009 TGF-beta treatment increased the percentage of SP cells (%SP) and the survival rate; chemotherapeutic drug resistance developed only in K-251 SP cells. sp 58-60 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-8 19261001-8 2009 Knockdown of Smad4 using the small-interfering RNA technique in K-251 cells inhibited EGFR overexpression and significantly decreased the %SP. sp 139-141 SMAD family member 4 Rattus norvegicus 13-18 19261001-10 2009 CONCLUSION: TGF-beta treatment of K-251 cells causes tumor progression and the anti-cancer drug resistant phenotype by increasing SP. sp 130-132 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 12-20 19418455-5 2009 Transcriptomal interrogation revealed in the non-Sca1(high) SP upregulated expression of the pituitary stem/progenitor cell markers Sox2 and Sox9, and of multiple factors critically involved in pituitary embryogenesis. sp 60-62 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 Mus musculus 132-136 19418455-5 2009 Transcriptomal interrogation revealed in the non-Sca1(high) SP upregulated expression of the pituitary stem/progenitor cell markers Sox2 and Sox9, and of multiple factors critically involved in pituitary embryogenesis. sp 60-62 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 Mus musculus 141-145 19418455-6 2009 The non-Sca1(high) SP encloses the cells that generate spheres and display multipotent hormone differentiation capacity. sp 19-21 lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A Mus musculus 8-12 19418455-9 2009 In early postnatal mice undergoing a pituitary growth wave, Sox2(+) cells are more abundant than in adults, concordant with a larger SP and higher non-Sca1(high) proportion. sp 133-135 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 Mus musculus 60-64 19341409-4 2009 Both SOD activities of the non-submersed and submersed plants were negatively correlated with their SP contents (P < 0.000 1). sp 100-102 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 5-8 19270533-1 2009 The efflux of Hoechst 33342 by ATP-binding cassette protein G2 (ABCG2) membrane pump allows reproducible identification of a subpopulation of cells by flow cytometric analysis termed the "side population" (SP). sp 206-208 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 31-62 19270533-1 2009 The efflux of Hoechst 33342 by ATP-binding cassette protein G2 (ABCG2) membrane pump allows reproducible identification of a subpopulation of cells by flow cytometric analysis termed the "side population" (SP). sp 206-208 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 64-69 19270533-6 2009 Additionally, a SP was identified in enzymatically disaggregated prostate tumors from Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP), human benign prostate tissue and human prostate cancer tissue. sp 16-18 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 25 Mus musculus 131-136 19270533-7 2009 The causal role of ABCG2-mediated efflux of DCV in the identification of the SP was confirmed by loss of the SP by incubation with the specific inhibitor of ABCG2, Fumitremorgin C. Expression of ABCG2 in the SP cells was confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis. sp 77-79 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 19-24 19270533-7 2009 The causal role of ABCG2-mediated efflux of DCV in the identification of the SP was confirmed by loss of the SP by incubation with the specific inhibitor of ABCG2, Fumitremorgin C. Expression of ABCG2 in the SP cells was confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis. sp 77-79 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 157-162 19270533-7 2009 The causal role of ABCG2-mediated efflux of DCV in the identification of the SP was confirmed by loss of the SP by incubation with the specific inhibitor of ABCG2, Fumitremorgin C. Expression of ABCG2 in the SP cells was confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis. sp 77-79 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 157-162 19270533-7 2009 The causal role of ABCG2-mediated efflux of DCV in the identification of the SP was confirmed by loss of the SP by incubation with the specific inhibitor of ABCG2, Fumitremorgin C. Expression of ABCG2 in the SP cells was confirmed by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence analysis. sp 109-111 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 19-24 19170527-4 2009 The 5"-hydroxyl group of the SP was phosphorylated by T4 PNK in the presence of ATP, and the resulting 5"-phosphoryl end product was promptly cleaved by lambda exo, which caused significant enhancement of fluorescence. sp 29-31 polynucleotide kinase 3'-phosphatase Homo sapiens 57-60 18680393-4 2009 A subpopulation of the SP (approximately 30 %) was immunonegative for the panhematopoietic marker CD45, and consisted predominantly of small, mononuclear, keratin 7-immunoreactive cells; characteristics suggestive of a liver progenitor cell phenotype. sp 23-25 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Canis lupus familiaris 98-102 18680393-5 2009 Both the CD45- and CD45+ SP showed upregulated expression of progenitor/cholangiocyte marker genes, but also low-level expression of hepatocyte markers, suggesting the presence of progenitor cells committed to the hepatic lineage in both SP fractions. sp 25-27 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Canis lupus familiaris 19-23 18680393-5 2009 Both the CD45- and CD45+ SP showed upregulated expression of progenitor/cholangiocyte marker genes, but also low-level expression of hepatocyte markers, suggesting the presence of progenitor cells committed to the hepatic lineage in both SP fractions. sp 238-240 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Canis lupus familiaris 9-13 18680393-5 2009 Both the CD45- and CD45+ SP showed upregulated expression of progenitor/cholangiocyte marker genes, but also low-level expression of hepatocyte markers, suggesting the presence of progenitor cells committed to the hepatic lineage in both SP fractions. sp 238-240 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Canis lupus familiaris 19-23 19166365-4 2009 The results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that these results can be rationalized by invoking the existence of an equilibrium of hydrolysis of the Cu-N bond with the amino group supporting the quinoline ring so that CuL1(2+) would be actually a mixture of tbp [CuL1(H(2)O)](2+) and sp [CuL1(H(2)O)(2)](2+). sp 308-310 cullin 1 Homo sapiens 242-246 19201907-7 2009 SP children had a significantly reduced proportion of IFN-gamma(+) NK cells and cognate intracellular IFN-gamma levels, which was more pronounced in CMV-coinfected subjects. sp 0-2 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 54-63 19201907-7 2009 SP children had a significantly reduced proportion of IFN-gamma(+) NK cells and cognate intracellular IFN-gamma levels, which was more pronounced in CMV-coinfected subjects. sp 0-2 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 102-111 19101070-9 2009 ABCG2 mRNA was not enriched in the SP and was specifically diminished ninefold in CD133 cells, which were eightfold enriched for MDR1 mRNA. sp 35-37 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 0-5 20548851-7 2009 The MMP-1 mRNA expressions in both the LP and SP lesional skin were increased compared with those in the normal skin (p=0.028 and p=0.007 respectively). sp 46-48 matrix metallopeptidase 1 Homo sapiens 4-9 20548851-10 2009 CONCLUSION: The increased expression of MMP-9 mRNA in the LP non-lesional skin compared to that of the SP non-lesional skin in the psoriatic skin suggests that the increased MMP-9 mRNA expression is related to the large size type of lesion. sp 103-105 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 174-179 19580337-6 2009 Furthermore, xenografted tumors derived from injected SP cells and treated with gemcitabine had more CD133+ cells than untreated ones. sp 54-56 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 101-106 18639970-5 2009 MEASUREMENTS: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) after SP was defined as a serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of >or=0.2 ng/ml or was defined by the initiation of androgen deprivation therapy. sp 49-51 kallikrein related peptidase 3 Homo sapiens 75-106 19876848-6 2009 In this process, novel genetic and molecular interactions involving SP, SFT and FA genes would be essential. sp 68-70 FLORICAULA/LEAFY-like protein Solanum lycopersicum 80-82 18983499-6 2009 The SP reconstituted with 1.5 nm recombinant (r)FVIII clotted in 23.8 +/- 0.2 s (standard deviation). sp 4-6 coagulation factor VIII Homo sapiens 48-53 18983499-7 2009 The addition of 10 microg mL(-1) VWF to the SP increased the clotting time to 28.7 +/- 0.1 s; that is, the activity of rFVIII (FVIIIc) decreased to 50%. sp 44-46 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 33-36 18983499-8 2009 This inhibitory effect of VWF decreased with decreasing rFVIII concentration in SP, and became negligible at rFVIII <or= 10% (150 pm). sp 80-82 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 26-29 18820285-2 2008 In the intrinsic drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the role of ABCG2 is closely associated with "side population (SP)", a minor subset of cancer stem-like cells with unique capacity to extrude lipophilic dye Hoechst 33342 and many chemotherapeutic agents. sp 131-133 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 80-85 18777018-12 2009 Additionally, the effect of cannabinoid-type 1 (CB1) receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 on GABAA IPSCs was smaller in sP rats, suggesting either a reduced number or functionality of CB1 receptors in the VTA. sp 112-114 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 48-51 18777018-12 2009 Additionally, the effect of cannabinoid-type 1 (CB1) receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 on GABAA IPSCs was smaller in sP rats, suggesting either a reduced number or functionality of CB1 receptors in the VTA. sp 112-114 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 176-179 18820285-4 2008 In MHCC-97L HCC cell line with intrinsic ABCG2 expression, we confirmed the importance of SP cells to the drug efflux-related chemotherapy resistance and found that the SP analysis provided an efficient method to evaluate the functional activity of ABCG2 transporter. sp 90-92 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 41-46 18820285-4 2008 In MHCC-97L HCC cell line with intrinsic ABCG2 expression, we confirmed the importance of SP cells to the drug efflux-related chemotherapy resistance and found that the SP analysis provided an efficient method to evaluate the functional activity of ABCG2 transporter. sp 90-92 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 249-254 18820285-4 2008 In MHCC-97L HCC cell line with intrinsic ABCG2 expression, we confirmed the importance of SP cells to the drug efflux-related chemotherapy resistance and found that the SP analysis provided an efficient method to evaluate the functional activity of ABCG2 transporter. sp 169-171 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 249-254 19263804-4 2008 RESULTS: Residues in Nef TA(48/49) and K151 occurred more frequently in the LTNP group while AA(48/49) was more frequently observed in the SP group. sp 139-141 Nef Human immunodeficiency virus 1 21-24 19273541-7 2008 In addition, mean serum and BAL TGF-beta levels were found to be increased in patients with SP compared with PMF group. sp 92-94 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 32-40 18820285-5 2008 In this cell line, we discovered that the SP proportion was modulated by the treatments of Akt signaling inhibitors and serum supplement, which led to the finding that Akt signaling was able to regulate the SP cells" efflux activity via altering the subcellular localization of ABCG2 transporter. sp 42-44 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 91-94 18820285-5 2008 In this cell line, we discovered that the SP proportion was modulated by the treatments of Akt signaling inhibitors and serum supplement, which led to the finding that Akt signaling was able to regulate the SP cells" efflux activity via altering the subcellular localization of ABCG2 transporter. sp 42-44 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 168-171 18820285-5 2008 In this cell line, we discovered that the SP proportion was modulated by the treatments of Akt signaling inhibitors and serum supplement, which led to the finding that Akt signaling was able to regulate the SP cells" efflux activity via altering the subcellular localization of ABCG2 transporter. sp 42-44 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 278-283 18782329-7 2008 Higher CFU numbers in lung of SP mice correlated with elevated production of interleukin-10 associated with a lower production of interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. sp 30-32 interleukin 10 Mus musculus 77-91 18848932-4 2008 In normal wild-type rats, the SP and DCP had mostly established mature, adult patterns by P15, as previously shown. sp 30-32 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B Rattus norvegicus 90-93 18782329-7 2008 Higher CFU numbers in lung of SP mice correlated with elevated production of interleukin-10 associated with a lower production of interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. sp 30-32 interferon gamma Mus musculus 130-179 20738912-0 2008 [Identification and characterization of SP cells in human lung adenocarcinoma SPC-A1 cells.]. sp 40-42 proline rich protein gene cluster Homo sapiens 78-81 18602973-3 2008 In the present study, we first demonstrated that the expression of transcription regulatory factors such as cKrox and Runx3, which have been shown to be intimately associated with the commitment of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocyes, was down-regulated by TCDD in CD4 SP thymocytes, but up-regulated in DP, CD4+CD8+ double-negative (DN), and CD8 SP thymocytes. sp 259-261 RUNX family transcription factor 3 Homo sapiens 118-123 18787193-4 2008 Abcg2 belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily and constitutes the molecular basis for the dye efflux, hence the SP phenotype, in hematopoietic stem cells. sp 138-140 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 0-5 18787193-5 2008 Although Abcg2 is also expressed in cardiac SP (cSP) cells, its role in regulating the SP phenotype and function of cSP cells is unknown. sp 44-46 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 9-14 18829528-5 2008 BMI1 was preferentially expressed in SP cells in Huh7 and PLC/PRF/5 HCC cells compared with the corresponding non-SP cells. sp 37-39 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 0-4 18829528-5 2008 BMI1 was preferentially expressed in SP cells in Huh7 and PLC/PRF/5 HCC cells compared with the corresponding non-SP cells. sp 37-39 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 49-53 18829528-5 2008 BMI1 was preferentially expressed in SP cells in Huh7 and PLC/PRF/5 HCC cells compared with the corresponding non-SP cells. sp 37-39 heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 Homo sapiens 58-61 18829528-5 2008 BMI1 was preferentially expressed in SP cells in Huh7 and PLC/PRF/5 HCC cells compared with the corresponding non-SP cells. sp 114-116 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 0-4 18829528-7 2008 Long-term culture of purified SP cells resulted in a drastic reduction in the SP subpopulation upon the BMI1 knockdown, indicating that BMI1 is required for the self-renewal of SP cells in culture. sp 30-32 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 104-108 18829528-7 2008 Long-term culture of purified SP cells resulted in a drastic reduction in the SP subpopulation upon the BMI1 knockdown, indicating that BMI1 is required for the self-renewal of SP cells in culture. sp 30-32 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 136-140 18829528-7 2008 Long-term culture of purified SP cells resulted in a drastic reduction in the SP subpopulation upon the BMI1 knockdown, indicating that BMI1 is required for the self-renewal of SP cells in culture. sp 78-80 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 104-108 18829528-7 2008 Long-term culture of purified SP cells resulted in a drastic reduction in the SP subpopulation upon the BMI1 knockdown, indicating that BMI1 is required for the self-renewal of SP cells in culture. sp 78-80 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 136-140 18829528-7 2008 Long-term culture of purified SP cells resulted in a drastic reduction in the SP subpopulation upon the BMI1 knockdown, indicating that BMI1 is required for the self-renewal of SP cells in culture. sp 78-80 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 104-108 18829528-7 2008 Long-term culture of purified SP cells resulted in a drastic reduction in the SP subpopulation upon the BMI1 knockdown, indicating that BMI1 is required for the self-renewal of SP cells in culture. sp 78-80 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 136-140 18773455-8 2008 CD133 expression mapped to both the SP and non-SP compartments, with CD133(+) cells being enriched almost fourfold within the non-SP gate. sp 36-38 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 18773455-8 2008 CD133 expression mapped to both the SP and non-SP compartments, with CD133(+) cells being enriched almost fourfold within the non-SP gate. sp 47-49 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 18773455-8 2008 CD133 expression mapped to both the SP and non-SP compartments, with CD133(+) cells being enriched almost fourfold within the non-SP gate. sp 47-49 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 18463325-13 2008 Six patients (6 of 16) with chronic renal function impairment (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) developed SP while none of the patients with eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) did. sp 104-106 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 63-67 18463325-17 2008 CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first report of delayed SP including PCP following MMF plus corticosteroids in patients with IgAN. sp 55-57 IGAN1 Homo sapiens 124-128 18243533-2 2008 The produced alumina-modified solid phase (SP) extractor named, alumina-modified thiosemicarbazide (AM-TSC), experienced high thermal and medium stability. sp 43-45 TSC complex subunit 1 Homo sapiens 103-106 18653771-8 2008 All CD45(-) SP cells showed positive staining for epithelial-specific markers cytokeratin-5, E-cadherin, ZO-1, and p63. sp 12-14 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 4-8 18653771-8 2008 All CD45(-) SP cells showed positive staining for epithelial-specific markers cytokeratin-5, E-cadherin, ZO-1, and p63. sp 12-14 keratin 5 Homo sapiens 78-91 18653771-8 2008 All CD45(-) SP cells showed positive staining for epithelial-specific markers cytokeratin-5, E-cadherin, ZO-1, and p63. sp 12-14 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 93-103 18653771-8 2008 All CD45(-) SP cells showed positive staining for epithelial-specific markers cytokeratin-5, E-cadherin, ZO-1, and p63. sp 12-14 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 105-109 18653771-8 2008 All CD45(-) SP cells showed positive staining for epithelial-specific markers cytokeratin-5, E-cadherin, ZO-1, and p63. sp 12-14 tumor protein p63 Homo sapiens 115-118 18653771-10 2008 In contrast with non-SP cells, fewer than 100 CD45(-) SP cells were able to generate a multilayered and differentiated epithelium in air-liquid interface culture. sp 54-56 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 46-50 18669618-5 2008 Immunohistochemistry with anti-phosphorylated histone H3 antibody revealed that CD31(-) CD45(-) SP cells stimulated cell division of co-grafted myoblasts. sp 96-98 platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Mus musculus 80-84 18669618-5 2008 Immunohistochemistry with anti-phosphorylated histone H3 antibody revealed that CD31(-) CD45(-) SP cells stimulated cell division of co-grafted myoblasts. sp 96-98 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 88-92 18481294-3 2008 We evaluated the SP flow-rate-based calibration method for determining CD4(+) counts, using three flow cytometers of varying ages. sp 17-19 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 71-74 18615093-6 2008 However, we show for the first time that HLA-DRB1*15 allele modulates the course of MS for relapsing-remitting (RR) onset patients likely by precipitating the secondary progressive (SP) phase. sp 182-184 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 Homo sapiens 41-49 18602973-3 2008 In the present study, we first demonstrated that the expression of transcription regulatory factors such as cKrox and Runx3, which have been shown to be intimately associated with the commitment of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocyes, was down-regulated by TCDD in CD4 SP thymocytes, but up-regulated in DP, CD4+CD8+ double-negative (DN), and CD8 SP thymocytes. sp 259-261 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 198-201 18602973-3 2008 In the present study, we first demonstrated that the expression of transcription regulatory factors such as cKrox and Runx3, which have been shown to be intimately associated with the commitment of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocyes, was down-regulated by TCDD in CD4 SP thymocytes, but up-regulated in DP, CD4+CD8+ double-negative (DN), and CD8 SP thymocytes. sp 259-261 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 202-205 18602973-3 2008 In the present study, we first demonstrated that the expression of transcription regulatory factors such as cKrox and Runx3, which have been shown to be intimately associated with the commitment of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocyes, was down-regulated by TCDD in CD4 SP thymocytes, but up-regulated in DP, CD4+CD8+ double-negative (DN), and CD8 SP thymocytes. sp 259-261 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 231-234 18602973-3 2008 In the present study, we first demonstrated that the expression of transcription regulatory factors such as cKrox and Runx3, which have been shown to be intimately associated with the commitment of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocyes, was down-regulated by TCDD in CD4 SP thymocytes, but up-regulated in DP, CD4+CD8+ double-negative (DN), and CD8 SP thymocytes. sp 259-261 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 238-241 18602973-3 2008 In the present study, we first demonstrated that the expression of transcription regulatory factors such as cKrox and Runx3, which have been shown to be intimately associated with the commitment of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocyes, was down-regulated by TCDD in CD4 SP thymocytes, but up-regulated in DP, CD4+CD8+ double-negative (DN), and CD8 SP thymocytes. sp 259-261 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 231-234 18602973-3 2008 In the present study, we first demonstrated that the expression of transcription regulatory factors such as cKrox and Runx3, which have been shown to be intimately associated with the commitment of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocyes, was down-regulated by TCDD in CD4 SP thymocytes, but up-regulated in DP, CD4+CD8+ double-negative (DN), and CD8 SP thymocytes. sp 259-261 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 231-234 18602973-3 2008 In the present study, we first demonstrated that the expression of transcription regulatory factors such as cKrox and Runx3, which have been shown to be intimately associated with the commitment of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocyes, was down-regulated by TCDD in CD4 SP thymocytes, but up-regulated in DP, CD4+CD8+ double-negative (DN), and CD8 SP thymocytes. sp 259-261 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 238-241 18602973-3 2008 In the present study, we first demonstrated that the expression of transcription regulatory factors such as cKrox and Runx3, which have been shown to be intimately associated with the commitment of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) to CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocyes, was down-regulated by TCDD in CD4 SP thymocytes, but up-regulated in DP, CD4+CD8+ double-negative (DN), and CD8 SP thymocytes. sp 259-261 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 238-241 18753065-1 2008 OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of Sargassum confusum polysaccharide (SP) on the expressions of p53 and Rb genes. sp 72-74 transformation related protein 53, pseudogene Mus musculus 98-101 18753065-6 2008 SP treatment upregulated the mRNA expressions and increased the protein levels of p53 and Rb in the tumors. sp 0-2 transformation related protein 53, pseudogene Mus musculus 82-85 18753065-7 2008 CONCLUSION: SP has inhibitory effect against S180 sarcoma in vivo and can increase the expression levels of p53 and Rb genes at both the mRNA and protein levels. sp 12-14 transformation related protein 53, pseudogene Mus musculus 108-111 18656616-14 2008 CONCLUSION: G0 cells are present in the SP fraction of Huh7. sp 40-42 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 55-59 18332870-6 2008 Treatment with U0126, a specific inhibitor of MAPK/ERK1,2 completely downregulates CDDP-induced VEGF and Flt1 expression and induction/expansion of SP fraction in all three cell lines, indicating that these effects are mediated through MAPK/ERK1,2 signaling. sp 148-150 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens 51-57 18632618-5 2008 We also investigated the effects of IFN-alpha, a cytokine that has widely been used to treat solid tumors, on epithelial ovarian cancer cells and observed that IFN-alpha exerted marked antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on primary cultures containing high numbers of SP cells. sp 275-277 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 160-169 18632618-6 2008 In vitro, IFN-alpha treatment invariably caused a dramatic reduction in SP size in tumor cell lines of different origins; moreover, IFN-alpha treatment of purified SP cells was associated with a distinctive change in their transcriptional profile. sp 72-74 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 10-19 18632618-7 2008 Gene therapy with human IFN-alpha resulted in regression of established tumors bearing a large SP fraction, which was not observed when tumors bearing low SP levels were treated. sp 95-97 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 24-33 18632618-7 2008 Gene therapy with human IFN-alpha resulted in regression of established tumors bearing a large SP fraction, which was not observed when tumors bearing low SP levels were treated. sp 155-157 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 24-33 18632618-8 2008 These findings could have relevant clinical implications because they imply that tumors bearing large SP numbers, albeit rare, could be sensitive to IFN-alpha treatment. sp 102-104 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 149-158 18390619-8 2008 Second, in a SP-facilitated step, active material insertion involving an SP-B- or SP-C-induced flip-flop of lipids occurs at higher surface pressures. sp 13-15 surfactant protein B Homo sapiens 73-77 18390619-8 2008 Second, in a SP-facilitated step, active material insertion involving an SP-B- or SP-C-induced flip-flop of lipids occurs at higher surface pressures. sp 13-15 surfactant protein C Homo sapiens 82-86 18558554-7 2008 Analysis of the SP profile in tracheal aspirates and lung tissue by immunohistochemistry, routine and electron microscopy supported the diagnosis of SP-B deficiency and suggested that this large mutation might lead to abnormal routing and processing of proSP-B and proSP-C. sp 16-18 protein S (beta) pseudogene Homo sapiens 253-258 18558554-7 2008 Analysis of the SP profile in tracheal aspirates and lung tissue by immunohistochemistry, routine and electron microscopy supported the diagnosis of SP-B deficiency and suggested that this large mutation might lead to abnormal routing and processing of proSP-B and proSP-C. sp 16-18 protein S (beta) pseudogene Homo sapiens 265-270 18522535-12 2008 The results of the present study suggest that Axl gene expression in cancer cells is (1) constitutively driven by Sp1/Sp3 bound to five core promoter motifs, and (2) restricted by methylation within/around Sp-binding sites. sp 114-116 AXL receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 46-49 18423378-2 2008 This side population (SP), which comprised 24% of the total cell population, totally disappeared after treatment with the selective ABCG 2 inhibitor fumitremorgin C. In a repopulation study, isolated SP and non-SP cells were each able to generate a heterogeneous population of SP and non-SP cells, but this repopulation occurred more rapidly in SP cells than non-SP. sp 22-24 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 132-138 18423378-2 2008 This side population (SP), which comprised 24% of the total cell population, totally disappeared after treatment with the selective ABCG 2 inhibitor fumitremorgin C. In a repopulation study, isolated SP and non-SP cells were each able to generate a heterogeneous population of SP and non-SP cells, but this repopulation occurred more rapidly in SP cells than non-SP. sp 200-202 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 132-138 18423378-2 2008 This side population (SP), which comprised 24% of the total cell population, totally disappeared after treatment with the selective ABCG 2 inhibitor fumitremorgin C. In a repopulation study, isolated SP and non-SP cells were each able to generate a heterogeneous population of SP and non-SP cells, but this repopulation occurred more rapidly in SP cells than non-SP. sp 200-202 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 132-138 18423378-2 2008 This side population (SP), which comprised 24% of the total cell population, totally disappeared after treatment with the selective ABCG 2 inhibitor fumitremorgin C. In a repopulation study, isolated SP and non-SP cells were each able to generate a heterogeneous population of SP and non-SP cells, but this repopulation occurred more rapidly in SP cells than non-SP. sp 200-202 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 132-138 18423378-2 2008 This side population (SP), which comprised 24% of the total cell population, totally disappeared after treatment with the selective ABCG 2 inhibitor fumitremorgin C. In a repopulation study, isolated SP and non-SP cells were each able to generate a heterogeneous population of SP and non-SP cells, but this repopulation occurred more rapidly in SP cells than non-SP. sp 200-202 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 132-138 18423378-2 2008 This side population (SP), which comprised 24% of the total cell population, totally disappeared after treatment with the selective ABCG 2 inhibitor fumitremorgin C. In a repopulation study, isolated SP and non-SP cells were each able to generate a heterogeneous population of SP and non-SP cells, but this repopulation occurred more rapidly in SP cells than non-SP. sp 200-202 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 132-138 18423378-2 2008 This side population (SP), which comprised 24% of the total cell population, totally disappeared after treatment with the selective ABCG 2 inhibitor fumitremorgin C. In a repopulation study, isolated SP and non-SP cells were each able to generate a heterogeneous population of SP and non-SP cells, but this repopulation occurred more rapidly in SP cells than non-SP. sp 200-202 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 132-138 18423378-4 2008 However, in the presence of doxorubicin (DOX) and methotrexate (MTX), SP cells showed significantly lower Annexin V staining when compared to non-SP cells. sp 70-72 annexin A5 Homo sapiens 106-115 18377656-10 2008 In ER-alpha-positive MCF-7 cells and ER-alpha-negative Hela cells expressing exogenous ER-alpha, mutation of the Sp-binding site interfered with basal and estrogen-induced BRCA1 transcription. sp 113-115 estrogen receptor 1 Homo sapiens 3-11 17972329-9 2008 Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) induced type II collagen mRNA expression characteristic of chondrogenesis in articular cartilage with both SP and non-SP cells. sp 144-146 bone morphogenetic protein 7 Bos taurus 0-28 17972329-9 2008 Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) induced type II collagen mRNA expression characteristic of chondrogenesis in articular cartilage with both SP and non-SP cells. sp 144-146 bone morphogenetic protein 7 Bos taurus 30-35 17972329-9 2008 Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) induced type II collagen mRNA expression characteristic of chondrogenesis in articular cartilage with both SP and non-SP cells. sp 155-157 bone morphogenetic protein 7 Bos taurus 0-28 17972329-9 2008 Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) induced type II collagen mRNA expression characteristic of chondrogenesis in articular cartilage with both SP and non-SP cells. sp 155-157 bone morphogenetic protein 7 Bos taurus 30-35 17968978-7 2008 Cystatin C levels were higher in statin-treated aortas than in controls (41.3(3.1) versus 28.9(2.1) ng per mg SP; P = 0.003). sp 110-112 cystatin C Homo sapiens 0-10 17932252-5 2008 Transfection of COS-7 cells with zAbcg2a and zAbcg2c showed that zAbcg2a was directly associated with the SP phenotype. sp 106-108 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G (WHITE), member 2a Danio rerio 33-40 17932252-5 2008 Transfection of COS-7 cells with zAbcg2a and zAbcg2c showed that zAbcg2a was directly associated with the SP phenotype. sp 106-108 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G (WHITE), member 2c Danio rerio 45-52 17932252-5 2008 Transfection of COS-7 cells with zAbcg2a and zAbcg2c showed that zAbcg2a was directly associated with the SP phenotype. sp 106-108 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G (WHITE), member 2a Danio rerio 65-72 18426983-4 2008 The rapid SP was predominantly induced in mesenteric lymph nodes (LNs) but not in peripheral LNs under the influence of intestinal flora and IL-6. sp 10-12 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 141-145 18426983-5 2008 Indeed, this SP was markedly inhibited by treatment with anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody (IL-6R mAb) or antibiotic-induced flora depletion, but not by anti-IL-7R mAb and/or in IL-15-deficient conditions. sp 13-15 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 62-66 18426983-5 2008 Indeed, this SP was markedly inhibited by treatment with anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody (IL-6R mAb) or antibiotic-induced flora depletion, but not by anti-IL-7R mAb and/or in IL-15-deficient conditions. sp 13-15 interleukin 6 receptor, alpha Mus musculus 97-102 18426983-6 2008 Concomitantly with the inhibition of SP, anti-IL-6R mAb significantly inhibited the induction of CD8(+) T cell-dependent autoimmune colitis. sp 37-39 interleukin 6 receptor, alpha Mus musculus 46-51 18426983-8 2008 Thus, we conclude that IL-6 signaling is crucial for SP under lymphopenic conditions, which subsequently caused severe IL-17-producing CD8(+) T cell-mediated autoimmune colitis. sp 53-55 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 23-27 18426983-8 2008 Thus, we conclude that IL-6 signaling is crucial for SP under lymphopenic conditions, which subsequently caused severe IL-17-producing CD8(+) T cell-mediated autoimmune colitis. sp 53-55 interleukin 17A Mus musculus 119-124 18540296-5 2008 Galectin-3 immunostaining was performed on SP slides. sp 43-45 galectin 3 Homo sapiens 0-10 18313071-3 2008 During the catalytic reaction cycle, GroEL undergoes a series of allosteric transitions (T<-->R-->R"-->T) triggered by SP capture, ATP binding and hydrolysis, and GroES binding. sp 131-133 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 Homo sapiens 37-42 18313071-5 2008 Our model, in which the GroEL allosteric rates and SP-dependent folding and aggregation rates are independently varied without prior assumption, quantitatively fits the GroEL concentration-dependent data on the yield of native ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) as a function of time. sp 51-53 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 Homo sapiens 169-174 18313071-8 2008 If experimental values for GroEL allosteric rates are used, the time-dependent changes in native-state yield at eight GroEL concentrations can be quantitatively fit using only three SP-dependent parameters. sp 182-184 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 Homo sapiens 118-123 18313071-10 2008 We also show that GroEL/S mutants that efficiently fold one SP at the expense of all others are due to a decrease in the rate of a key step in the reaction cycle, which implies that wild-type GroEL has evolved as a compromise between generality and specificity. sp 60-62 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 Homo sapiens 18-23 18313071-10 2008 We also show that GroEL/S mutants that efficiently fold one SP at the expense of all others are due to a decrease in the rate of a key step in the reaction cycle, which implies that wild-type GroEL has evolved as a compromise between generality and specificity. sp 60-62 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 Homo sapiens 192-197 18063677-4 2008 On a functional level, SP cells from the human adrenocortical tumor cell line NCI h295R revealed an expression pattern consistent with a less differentiated phenotype, including lower expression of steroidogenic enzymes such as steroid acute regulatory protein (StAR) and side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) in comparison with non-SP cells. sp 23-25 steroidogenic acute regulatory protein Homo sapiens 228-260 18063677-4 2008 On a functional level, SP cells from the human adrenocortical tumor cell line NCI h295R revealed an expression pattern consistent with a less differentiated phenotype, including lower expression of steroidogenic enzymes such as steroid acute regulatory protein (StAR) and side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) in comparison with non-SP cells. sp 23-25 steroidogenic acute regulatory protein Homo sapiens 262-266 18063677-4 2008 On a functional level, SP cells from the human adrenocortical tumor cell line NCI h295R revealed an expression pattern consistent with a less differentiated phenotype, including lower expression of steroidogenic enzymes such as steroid acute regulatory protein (StAR) and side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) in comparison with non-SP cells. sp 23-25 cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 300-307 18063677-4 2008 On a functional level, SP cells from the human adrenocortical tumor cell line NCI h295R revealed an expression pattern consistent with a less differentiated phenotype, including lower expression of steroidogenic enzymes such as steroid acute regulatory protein (StAR) and side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) in comparison with non-SP cells. sp 332-334 steroidogenic acute regulatory protein Homo sapiens 262-266 18240351-6 2008 ABCB1 and ABCG2 expressed at higher concentrations in SP as compared with non-SP cells (ABCB1: 1.15 +/- 0.72, 5.82 +/- 1.16, t = 10.839, P = 0.000 < 0.05; ABCG2: 1.16 +/- 0.75, 5.48 +/- 0.94, t = 11.305, P = 0.000 < 0.05), which may contribute to the efflux of fluorescent staining and drug resistance. sp 54-56 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 18240351-6 2008 ABCB1 and ABCG2 expressed at higher concentrations in SP as compared with non-SP cells (ABCB1: 1.15 +/- 0.72, 5.82 +/- 1.16, t = 10.839, P = 0.000 < 0.05; ABCG2: 1.16 +/- 0.75, 5.48 +/- 0.94, t = 11.305, P = 0.000 < 0.05), which may contribute to the efflux of fluorescent staining and drug resistance. sp 54-56 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 10-15 18245481-6 2008 ABCG2 expression and SP abundance were restored upon the removal of transforming growth factor-beta and reversion of the cells to an epithelial phenotype. sp 21-23 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 68-99 18245481-7 2008 Knock-down of E-cadherin also reduced SP abundance, but this effect was not accompanied by the loss of ABCG2 mRNA or protein. sp 38-40 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 14-24 17983596-5 2008 In both SP cells and non-SP (NSP) cells, CD61HighCD34-KSL cells also contained significantly more LTR-HSCs than CD61Low/-CD34-KSL cells. sp 8-10 integrin beta 3 Mus musculus 41-45 18377656-13 2008 Finally, we report that the MEK1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1) inhibitor PD98059 attenuated the recruitment of Sp1 and phosphorylated ER-alpha, respectively, to the Sp and AP-1 binding element. sp 125-127 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 Homo sapiens 28-32 18377656-13 2008 Finally, we report that the MEK1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1) inhibitor PD98059 attenuated the recruitment of Sp1 and phosphorylated ER-alpha, respectively, to the Sp and AP-1 binding element. sp 125-127 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 Homo sapiens 34-75 18377656-14 2008 CONCLUSION: These cumulative findings suggest that the proximal BRCA1 promoter segment comprises cis-acting elements that are targeted by Sp-binding and CRE-binding proteins that contribute to regulation of BRCA1 transcription. sp 138-140 BRCA1 DNA repair associated Homo sapiens 64-69 18377656-14 2008 CONCLUSION: These cumulative findings suggest that the proximal BRCA1 promoter segment comprises cis-acting elements that are targeted by Sp-binding and CRE-binding proteins that contribute to regulation of BRCA1 transcription. sp 138-140 BRCA1 DNA repair associated Homo sapiens 207-212 18377656-10 2008 In ER-alpha-positive MCF-7 cells and ER-alpha-negative Hela cells expressing exogenous ER-alpha, mutation of the Sp-binding site interfered with basal and estrogen-induced BRCA1 transcription. sp 113-115 estrogen receptor 1 Homo sapiens 37-45 18377656-10 2008 In ER-alpha-positive MCF-7 cells and ER-alpha-negative Hela cells expressing exogenous ER-alpha, mutation of the Sp-binding site interfered with basal and estrogen-induced BRCA1 transcription. sp 113-115 estrogen receptor 1 Homo sapiens 37-45 18377656-10 2008 In ER-alpha-positive MCF-7 cells and ER-alpha-negative Hela cells expressing exogenous ER-alpha, mutation of the Sp-binding site interfered with basal and estrogen-induced BRCA1 transcription. sp 113-115 BRCA1 DNA repair associated Homo sapiens 172-177 18377656-12 2008 In combination with the AP-1/CRE sites, the Sp-binding domain enhanced the recruitment of nuclear proteins to the BRCA1 promoter. sp 44-46 BRCA1 DNA repair associated Homo sapiens 114-119 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane Homo sapiens 81-85 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 integrin subunit beta 1 Homo sapiens 87-91 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 integrin subunit alpha V Homo sapiens 184-188 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) Homo sapiens 93-97 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 CD46 molecule Homo sapiens 99-103 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 integrin subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 105-110 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 integrin subunit alpha 3 Homo sapiens 112-117 18368593-11 2008 All analyzed populations of CD45(neg) lung SP expressed mesenchymal markers (CD44, CD90, CD105, CD106, CD73 and Sca-I) and lacked hematopoietic markers (CD45, c-kit, CD11b, CD34 and CD14). sp 43-45 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 28-32 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 integrin subunit alpha 5 Homo sapiens 119-124 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group) Homo sapiens 126-130 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha Homo sapiens 132-138 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 144-149 18522232-8 2008 In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that SP cells had high expression of CD13, CD29, CD44, CD46, CD49b, CD49c, CD49e, CD59, CD140a, and CD166 but low expression of CD 49d, and CD51. sp 49-51 integrin subunit alpha 4 Homo sapiens 172-178 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 138-140 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 15-18 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 138-140 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 Rattus norvegicus 71-78 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 138-140 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Rattus norvegicus 82-89 17911179-8 2008 Finally, in competitive reaggregation thymic organ cultures, CCR9(-/-) preselection DP thymocytes were disadvantaged significantly in their ability to generate CD4 single-positive (SP) thymocytes, a finding that correlated with a reduced ability to form TCR-MHC-dependent conjugates with thymic epithelial cells. sp 181-183 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 9 Mus musculus 61-65 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 138-140 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 116-119 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 138-140 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 158-161 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 138-140 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 158-161 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 246-248 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 15-18 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 246-248 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 Rattus norvegicus 71-78 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 246-248 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Rattus norvegicus 82-89 17604837-8 2008 Triggering the CD3/TCR complex together with co-stimulation applied by rVCAM-1 or rICAM-1 induced the generation of CD4+ single positive (SP) thymocytes from CD4+CD8+ DP thymocytes whereas either signal alone did not result in generation of CD4+ SP thymocytes. sp 246-248 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 116-119 17977513-6 2007 We examined its effect on ATLL cells and found that IFN-alpha significantly reduced the SP proportion. sp 88-90 interferon alpha 1 Homo sapiens 52-61 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 343-345 nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 1 Homo sapiens 233-280 17325735-5 2007 The frequency of homozygous for CYP2D6 inactive alleles or poor metabolizers (PMs) was lower (P<0.05) in SP than in HV. sp 108-110 cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 Homo sapiens 32-38 17914640-7 2007 In addition, the result that the SP phenotype of ICM cells disappeared when the inhibitor verapamil was added into medium implies that the SP phenotype is directly associated with ABCG2. sp 139-141 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 180-185 17914640-7 2007 In addition, the result that the SP phenotype of ICM cells disappeared when the inhibitor verapamil was added into medium implies that the SP phenotype is directly associated with ABCG2. sp 33-35 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 180-185 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 324-326 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 Homo sapiens 108-147 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 324-326 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 Homo sapiens 152-158 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 324-326 nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 1 Homo sapiens 193-201 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 324-326 transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 Homo sapiens 220-226 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 324-326 nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 1 Homo sapiens 233-280 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 324-326 nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 1 Homo sapiens 282-287 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 343-345 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 Homo sapiens 108-147 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 343-345 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 Homo sapiens 152-158 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 343-345 nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 1 Homo sapiens 282-287 18006846-4 2007 In addition, these responses were accompanied by decreased expression of Sp-dependent survival and angiogenic genes, including survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1). sp 73-75 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 137-171 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 343-345 nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 1 Homo sapiens 193-201 18034892-6 2007 Among the sixty one differentially expressed genes, the twelve genes inclusive three poor prognostic genes; Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C1/C2 (AKR1C1/C2), Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 nuclear receptor (TM4SF1), and Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (NR0B1) were significantly up-regulated in SP compared to non-SP cells. sp 343-345 transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 Homo sapiens 220-226 18006846-4 2007 In addition, these responses were accompanied by decreased expression of Sp-dependent survival and angiogenic genes, including survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1). sp 73-75 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 173-177 18006846-4 2007 In addition, these responses were accompanied by decreased expression of Sp-dependent survival and angiogenic genes, including survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1). sp 73-75 fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 184-199 18006846-4 2007 In addition, these responses were accompanied by decreased expression of Sp-dependent survival and angiogenic genes, including survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1). sp 73-75 fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 201-207 17692840-3 2007 Renal SP fraction was reduced by 38%, and the number of cells expressing CD45, a marker of hematopoietic system, in renal SP cells was increased in obstructed kidneys. sp 122-124 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 73-77 17639507-7 2007 Conversely, the malignant SP was of undetermined acinar origin and with a complete loss of expression of the CDK2 inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1). sp 26-28 cyclin dependent kinase 2 Homo sapiens 109-113 17916399-6 2007 The affinity between SP(a) and PF4(ZIP) was indicated via SPR (K(D)=5.27 microM) and confirmed via ITC (K(D)=8.09 microM). sp 21-23 death associated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens 31-39 17641247-2 2007 Here, we report that a histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), attenuates chronic renal injury, in part, by augmenting the expression of BMP-7 in kidney side population (SP) cells. sp 183-185 bone morphogenetic protein 7 Mus musculus 150-155 17641247-8 2007 Our results indicate an important role of SP cells in the kidney as one of the possible generator cells of BMP-7 and TSA as a stimulator of the cells in reversing chronic renal disease. sp 42-44 bone morphogenetic protein 7 Mus musculus 107-112 17878299-8 2007 In addition, decreased migratory responses of CD4(+)CD8(-) and CD4(-)CD8(+) single-positive (SP) cells and increased percentage of CD69(low)CD24(low) and CD62L(low) SP cells in cDKO cells imply retention of SP cells in the thymus. sp 165-167 selectin, lymphocyte Mus musculus 154-159 17878299-8 2007 In addition, decreased migratory responses of CD4(+)CD8(-) and CD4(-)CD8(+) single-positive (SP) cells and increased percentage of CD69(low)CD24(low) and CD62L(low) SP cells in cDKO cells imply retention of SP cells in the thymus. sp 165-167 selectin, lymphocyte Mus musculus 154-159 17763847-7 2007 Expression of MMP-2 was determined using streptavidin-peroxidase complex (SP) staining which was quantified by calculating its calibrated opacity density (COD) using an image analysis system. sp 74-76 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 14-19 17639507-7 2007 Conversely, the malignant SP was of undetermined acinar origin and with a complete loss of expression of the CDK2 inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1). sp 26-28 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Homo sapiens 124-127 17639507-7 2007 Conversely, the malignant SP was of undetermined acinar origin and with a complete loss of expression of the CDK2 inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1). sp 26-28 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Homo sapiens 128-132 17639507-7 2007 Conversely, the malignant SP was of undetermined acinar origin and with a complete loss of expression of the CDK2 inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1). sp 26-28 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Homo sapiens 133-137 17639507-9 2007 Incorporation of the CD133 marker isolated a further SP sub-fraction accounting for 0.037 +/- 0.01% of epithelial cells. sp 53-55 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 21-26 18070548-4 2007 The distribution of BMP-2 in pulmonary tissues was observed by using streptavidin peroxidase method (SP), and the morphologic changes of pulmonary arterioles and the integrated optical density (IA) of BMP-2 were determined by image analysis. sp 101-103 bone morphogenetic protein 2 Rattus norvegicus 20-25 17881900-7 2007 The possible reasons might be that the increased binding of Mt rh471 TNFalpha mainly to TNFR-p55 results in induction of apoptosis of SP cells, while Wt rhTNFalpha could bind to both TNFR-p55 and TNFR-p75 which would lead to NFkappaB activity, resulting in a discounted apoptotic effect. sp 134-136 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 69-77 17881900-7 2007 The possible reasons might be that the increased binding of Mt rh471 TNFalpha mainly to TNFR-p55 results in induction of apoptosis of SP cells, while Wt rhTNFalpha could bind to both TNFR-p55 and TNFR-p75 which would lead to NFkappaB activity, resulting in a discounted apoptotic effect. sp 134-136 TNF receptor superfamily member 1A Homo sapiens 88-92 17881904-2 2007 We found that, surprisingly, the dye-effluxing side population (SP) within SW480 human colon tumor cells, a population defined to possess stem cell characteristics, expresses a 10-fold higher level of pro-apoptotic TRAIL receptor DR4 as compared to non-SP cells. sp 64-66 TNF superfamily member 10 Homo sapiens 215-220 17881904-2 2007 We found that, surprisingly, the dye-effluxing side population (SP) within SW480 human colon tumor cells, a population defined to possess stem cell characteristics, expresses a 10-fold higher level of pro-apoptotic TRAIL receptor DR4 as compared to non-SP cells. sp 64-66 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4 Homo sapiens 230-233 17881904-2 2007 We found that, surprisingly, the dye-effluxing side population (SP) within SW480 human colon tumor cells, a population defined to possess stem cell characteristics, expresses a 10-fold higher level of pro-apoptotic TRAIL receptor DR4 as compared to non-SP cells. sp 253-255 TNF superfamily member 10 Homo sapiens 215-220 17881904-2 2007 We found that, surprisingly, the dye-effluxing side population (SP) within SW480 human colon tumor cells, a population defined to possess stem cell characteristics, expresses a 10-fold higher level of pro-apoptotic TRAIL receptor DR4 as compared to non-SP cells. sp 253-255 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4 Homo sapiens 230-233 17881904-5 2007 SP-cells from multiple tumorigenic human cell lines, which are most often resistant to chemotherapeutic agents such as etoposide, cisplatin and 5-FU, are more sensitive to TRAIL than non-SP cells. sp 0-2 TNF superfamily member 10 Homo sapiens 172-177 17584961-2 2007 In this study we identified SP cells in murine thyroid, which are composed of two populations of cells: CD45(-)/c-kit(-)/Sca1(+) and CD45(-)/c-kit(-)/Sca1(-) cells. sp 28-30 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 112-117 17584961-2 2007 In this study we identified SP cells in murine thyroid, which are composed of two populations of cells: CD45(-)/c-kit(-)/Sca1(+) and CD45(-)/c-kit(-)/Sca1(-) cells. sp 28-30 ataxin 1 Mus musculus 121-125 17584961-2 2007 In this study we identified SP cells in murine thyroid, which are composed of two populations of cells: CD45(-)/c-kit(-)/Sca1(+) and CD45(-)/c-kit(-)/Sca1(-) cells. sp 28-30 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 141-146 17584961-2 2007 In this study we identified SP cells in murine thyroid, which are composed of two populations of cells: CD45(-)/c-kit(-)/Sca1(+) and CD45(-)/c-kit(-)/Sca1(-) cells. sp 28-30 ataxin 1 Mus musculus 150-154 17521962-4 2007 While the magnitude of single IFN-gamma secreting lymphocytes is similar between groups, the magnitude of peptide-specific dual IFN-gamma/IL-2 secreting lymphocytes is significantly more intense in SP. sp 198-200 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 128-137 17434983-12 2007 SP increased epicardial vimentin expression, suggesting fibroblast proliferation. sp 0-2 vimentin Canis lupus familiaris 24-32 17434983-14 2007 The transmural gradient in the volume fraction of Cx40 and Cx43 in SP is associated with markedly abnormal atrial conduction and is likely an important factor in the vulnerability to induction and maintenance of AFL/AF in SP. sp 67-69 gap junction protein alpha 5 Canis lupus familiaris 50-54 17434983-14 2007 The transmural gradient in the volume fraction of Cx40 and Cx43 in SP is associated with markedly abnormal atrial conduction and is likely an important factor in the vulnerability to induction and maintenance of AFL/AF in SP. sp 67-69 gap junction protein alpha 1 Canis lupus familiaris 59-63 17434983-14 2007 The transmural gradient in the volume fraction of Cx40 and Cx43 in SP is associated with markedly abnormal atrial conduction and is likely an important factor in the vulnerability to induction and maintenance of AFL/AF in SP. sp 222-224 gap junction protein alpha 5 Canis lupus familiaris 50-54 17434983-14 2007 The transmural gradient in the volume fraction of Cx40 and Cx43 in SP is associated with markedly abnormal atrial conduction and is likely an important factor in the vulnerability to induction and maintenance of AFL/AF in SP. sp 222-224 gap junction protein alpha 1 Canis lupus familiaris 59-63 18489360-11 2007 Increased deposition of fibrillin-1 and procollagen-I, together with reductions in the levels of MMP-1, were observed for the SP treatments (P < 0.05). sp 126-128 fibrillin 1 Homo sapiens 24-35 18489360-11 2007 Increased deposition of fibrillin-1 and procollagen-I, together with reductions in the levels of MMP-1, were observed for the SP treatments (P < 0.05). sp 126-128 matrix metallopeptidase 1 Homo sapiens 97-102 17616157-4 2007 Using these modified SP microarrays, enhancement factors of 229 and 126 were obtained for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and p53 oligonucleotide detection, respectively. sp 21-23 kallikrein related peptidase 3 Homo sapiens 90-121 17616157-4 2007 Using these modified SP microarrays, enhancement factors of 229 and 126 were obtained for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and p53 oligonucleotide detection, respectively. sp 21-23 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 126-129 17678476-5 2007 Compared to the Control group, the SP group demonstrated reduction of CD4+ and lesser reduction of CD4- iNKT cells at baseline. sp 35-37 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 70-73 17678476-5 2007 Compared to the Control group, the SP group demonstrated reduction of CD4+ and lesser reduction of CD4- iNKT cells at baseline. sp 35-37 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 17521962-4 2007 While the magnitude of single IFN-gamma secreting lymphocytes is similar between groups, the magnitude of peptide-specific dual IFN-gamma/IL-2 secreting lymphocytes is significantly more intense in SP. sp 198-200 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 138-142 17496143-2 2007 During the reaction cycle, GroEL undergoes allosteric transitions in response to binding of a substrate protein (SP), ATP, and the cochaperonin GroES. sp 113-115 GroEL Escherichia coli 27-32 17512275-7 2007 RESULTS: IL-2- and IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production by PBMCs was suppressed significantly in both the OP (POD5) and SP groups compared with that in healthy controls. sp 118-120 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 9-13 17496143-6 2007 During multivalent binding and the subsequent ATP-driven transition of GroEL the SP undergoes force-induced stretching. sp 81-83 GroEL Escherichia coli 71-76 17496143-7 2007 Upon encapsulation, which occurs upon GroES binding, the SP finds itself in a "hydrophilic" cavity in which it can reach the folded conformation. sp 57-59 chaperonin GroES Escherichia coli 38-43 17317856-3 2007 We show here that activated beta-catenin stalls the developmental transition from the double-positive (DP) to the single-positive (SP) thymocyte stage and predisposes DP thymocytes to transformation. sp 131-133 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 28-40 17512275-7 2007 RESULTS: IL-2- and IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production by PBMCs was suppressed significantly in both the OP (POD5) and SP groups compared with that in healthy controls. sp 118-120 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 33-42 17512275-9 2007 IL-18R expression on CD56+ NK cells was maintained consistently in the OP group as well as the control group, but decreased in the SP group. sp 131-133 neural cell adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 21-25 17493961-2 2007 Here, we show that in the perivascular spaces (PVS) of mice surrounding large blood vessels, CD117-positive hematopoietic progenitor cells, CD4 single-positive (SP) and CD8SP T cells are located. sp 161-163 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 140-143 17410335-6 2007 It was found that the MCM6 label index (LI) was significantly higher in AE than that of SP, and in the primary tumors of both subtypes the LIs of tumors with recurrence were higher than those without recurrence. sp 88-90 minichromosome maintenance complex component 6 Homo sapiens 22-26 17496143-3 2007 Using coarse-grained representations of the GroEL and GroES structures, we explore the link between allosteric transitions and the folding of a model SP, a de novo-designed four-helix bundle protein, with low spontaneous yield. sp 150-152 chaperonin GroES Escherichia coli 54-59 17496143-4 2007 The ensemble of GroEL-bound SP is less structured than the bulk misfolded structures. sp 28-30 GroEL Escherichia coli 16-21 17510412-7 2007 SP displayed elevated expression of ABCG2 as well as other ATP-binding cassette transporters and showed resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 36-41 17428472-5 2007 Here, we found that CD55 was highly expressed in SP cells of two mammary gland carcinoma cell lines. sp 49-51 CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group) Homo sapiens 20-24 17428472-7 2007 Cells expressing high level of CD55 (CD55(hi)) were resistant to apoptosis induced by serum depletion as in the case of SP cells. sp 120-122 CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group) Homo sapiens 31-35 17428472-7 2007 Cells expressing high level of CD55 (CD55(hi)) were resistant to apoptosis induced by serum depletion as in the case of SP cells. sp 120-122 CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group) Homo sapiens 37-45 17439486-4 2007 Valproate-induced transcription of a DAT reporter construct was significantly attenuated by coexpression of a dominant negative form of Sp, mutation of a Sp-responsive cis-element, or expression in a Sp-null cellular background (SL-2 cells). sp 136-138 solute carrier family 6 member 3 Homo sapiens 37-40 17234707-6 2007 A small percentage of SP cells were found in ARO (0.25%), FRO (0.1%), NPA (0.06%), and WRO (0.02%) cells but not TPC1 cells. sp 22-24 cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 45-48 17236819-9 2007 Thus, the apoptotic 24kDa-fragment of PARP1 may be considered as more efficient in inhibition of the LP than SP pathway and the effect may depend on the ratio of p24 to the repair enzymes catalyzing precise stages of BER. sp 109-111 poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 Bos taurus 38-43 17551220-5 2007 Among them, CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) lymphocytes had significantly increased, and the ratio of CD4+ single positive (SP) lymphocytes to CD8+ SP lymphocytes (CD4+SP/CD8+SP) was decreased as compared to before culturing. sp 122-124 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 Canis lupus familiaris 100-103 17551220-5 2007 Among them, CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) lymphocytes had significantly increased, and the ratio of CD4+ single positive (SP) lymphocytes to CD8+ SP lymphocytes (CD4+SP/CD8+SP) was decreased as compared to before culturing. sp 122-124 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 Canis lupus familiaris 100-103 17439486-4 2007 Valproate-induced transcription of a DAT reporter construct was significantly attenuated by coexpression of a dominant negative form of Sp, mutation of a Sp-responsive cis-element, or expression in a Sp-null cellular background (SL-2 cells). sp 154-156 solute carrier family 6 member 3 Homo sapiens 37-40 17439486-4 2007 Valproate-induced transcription of a DAT reporter construct was significantly attenuated by coexpression of a dominant negative form of Sp, mutation of a Sp-responsive cis-element, or expression in a Sp-null cellular background (SL-2 cells). sp 154-156 solute carrier family 6 member 3 Homo sapiens 37-40 17273773-5 2007 Moreover, we dissected the signaling pathway from the cell surface receptors to RhoA using a broad-spectrum G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) antagonist, [D-Arg1,D-Trp5,7,9,Leu11]Substance P (SP), and a recently reported Galphaq/11-selective inhibitor, YM-254890. sp 192-194 tachykinin precursor 1 Homo sapiens 179-190 17304530-1 2007 Over a 10-year period the Pap program at our community hospital laboratory progressed from the use of 100% conventional smears to predominantly ThinPrep (TP) and then to nearly 100% SurePath (SP). sp 192-194 regenerating family member 3 alpha Homo sapiens 26-29 17304530-10 2007 In addition, SP was associated with higher HSIL detection rates than TP with an estimated common odds ratio (OR) of 1.37 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10 - 1.71; P = 0.005), and higher specimen adequacy compared with TP or conventional Pap methods (P < 0.0001). sp 13-15 regenerating family member 3 alpha Homo sapiens 239-242 17210741-5 2007 CTGF mRNA levels in GC rose gradually through small preantral (SP) and small antral (SA) stages of development to a maximum (fivefold higher) in large antral (LA) follicles. sp 63-65 cellular communication network factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 0-4 17096387-5 2007 However at pH 4 on SP Sepharose XL, Fab dynamic binding capacity increased from 130 to 160 (mg/mL media) as mobile phase conductivity changed from 1 to 5 mS/cm. sp 19-21 FA complementation group B Homo sapiens 36-39 17038670-4 2007 The ATP-binding cassette transporter Abcg2/Bcrp1 contributes to the specification of the SP phenotype and is proposed as a universal marker for stem/progenitor cells. sp 89-91 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 37-42 17038670-4 2007 The ATP-binding cassette transporter Abcg2/Bcrp1 contributes to the specification of the SP phenotype and is proposed as a universal marker for stem/progenitor cells. sp 89-91 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 43-48 17283573-2 2007 Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are known to bind pathogen-associated molecular patterns in addition to sinonasally secreted surfactant proteins (SP) such as SP-A and SP-D. sp 141-143 surfactant protein A1 Homo sapiens 153-157 17283573-2 2007 Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are known to bind pathogen-associated molecular patterns in addition to sinonasally secreted surfactant proteins (SP) such as SP-A and SP-D. sp 141-143 surfactant protein D Homo sapiens 162-166 18770857-2 2007 SP cells are CD34- and were discovered using ultraviolet excitation based on the efflux of Hoechst 33342 (Ho342). sp 0-2 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 13-17 17142733-10 2006 Shutting down the expression of Lfng in DP cells may have a physiological role in promoting DP cells differentiation toward mature SP cells. sp 131-133 LFNG O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase Homo sapiens 32-36 17294730-8 2007 MCM6 protein expression showed significant difference between AE/SP groups and between recurrence/recurrence-free groups (P < 0.05, two-tailed), but there was no statistically significant difference between primary and recurrent craniopharyngiomas. sp 65-67 minichromosome maintenance complex component 6 Homo sapiens 0-4 16912222-3 2006 4T1 cells displayed an SP of 2% with a Sca-1(high)c-Kit(-)CD45(-) phenotype, whereas NXS2 cells contained an SP of 0.2% with a Sca-1(high)CD24(high)c-Kit(-)CD45(-)GD (high)(2) phenotype. sp 23-25 ataxin 1 Mus musculus 39-44 17084227-2 2006 An infrequent ingested item is an open safety pin (SP), which may become lodged in the esophagus and presents the endoscopist a challenge to his surgical judgment and technical skills. sp 51-53 dynein light chain LC8-type 1 Homo sapiens 46-49 17114444-4 2006 Additionally, we confirmed that the expression of integrin beta(3) is correlated with properties of quiescent hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) including the strength of the SP phenotype, cell cycle arrest, expression of HSC markers, and long-term hemopoiesis. sp 170-172 integrin beta 3 Mus musculus 50-66 17047935-12 2006 CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous ethanol self-administration of sP rats was opioid dependent with CRF(1) receptors implicated in withdrawal-induced drinking. sp 56-58 corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 90-96 16959876-6 2006 Cells with SP phenotype, enriched for Sca1(high) expression, were detected throughout postnatal life. sp 11-13 lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A Mus musculus 38-42 16959876-8 2006 Notch pathway expression was higher in the Sca1(high) SP than in the MP at all postnatal ages analyzed. sp 54-56 lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A Mus musculus 43-47 16959876-9 2006 Functional implication of Notch signaling in the SP was investigated in reaggregate cultures of adult mouse anterior pituitary cells. sp 49-51 notch 1 Mus musculus 26-31 16959876-14 2006 In conclusion, we show that the Notch pathway, typically situated in embryogenesis, is also present and active in the postnatal pituitary, that it is particularly expressed within the SP independent of age, and that it plays a role in the regulation of SP abundance. sp 184-186 notch 1 Mus musculus 32-37 16873765-6 2006 Bmi1 was continuously expressed in SP cells, suggesting longer proliferative lifespan and self-renewal capacity of SP cells. sp 35-37 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 0-4 17056525-3 2006 In this study, we attempted to delineate the role of CD8alpha-associated Lck in driving CD8 single positive (SP) thymocyte development. sp 109-111 CD8 antigen, alpha chain Mus musculus 53-61 17056525-3 2006 In this study, we attempted to delineate the role of CD8alpha-associated Lck in driving CD8 single positive (SP) thymocyte development. sp 109-111 lymphocyte protein tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 73-76 16873765-15 2006 Thus, adult pulp contains SP cells, which are enriched for stem cell properties and useful for cell therapy with BMP2 for dentin regeneration. sp 26-28 bone morphogenetic protein 2 Homo sapiens 113-117 17046577-8 2006 BM and spleen both contained significant percentages of c-kit+ SP cells. sp 63-65 KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 56-61 16873765-6 2006 Bmi1 was continuously expressed in SP cells, suggesting longer proliferative lifespan and self-renewal capacity of SP cells. sp 115-117 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 0-4 16849428-6 2006 The presence of Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS) signaling pathway transduction molecules in both SP and NSP mouse cells led us to investigate the efficacy of MIS against these populations in comparison with traditional chemotherapies. sp 102-104 anti-Mullerian hormone Mus musculus 16-46 16951385-7 2006 A higher percentage of DCs from both RR and SP-MS patients expressed CD40 compared with controls. sp 44-46 CD40 molecule Homo sapiens 69-73 16804114-3 2006 When stained with Hoechst 33342 dye, the CD34(-/low) c-Kit(+)Sca-1(+)lineage marker(-) (CD34(-)KSL) cell population, highly enriched in mouse HSCs, was almost equally divided into the SP and the main population (MP) that represents non-SP cells. sp 184-186 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 41-45 16804114-3 2006 When stained with Hoechst 33342 dye, the CD34(-/low) c-Kit(+)Sca-1(+)lineage marker(-) (CD34(-)KSL) cell population, highly enriched in mouse HSCs, was almost equally divided into the SP and the main population (MP) that represents non-SP cells. sp 236-238 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 41-45 16804114-8 2006 Bcrp-1 expression was similarly detected in SP- and MP-CD34(-)KSL cells, suggesting that the SP phenotype is regulated not only by Bcrp-1, but also by other factors. sp 44-46 BAF nuclear assembly factor 1 Mus musculus 0-6 16849428-6 2006 The presence of Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS) signaling pathway transduction molecules in both SP and NSP mouse cells led us to investigate the efficacy of MIS against these populations in comparison with traditional chemotherapies. sp 102-104 anti-Mullerian hormone Mus musculus 48-51 16849428-7 2006 MIS inhibited the proliferation of both SP and NSP cells, whereas the lipophilic chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin more significantly inhibited the NSP cells. sp 40-42 anti-Mullerian hormone Homo sapiens 0-3 16368781-11 2006 CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate the existence of a previously unrecognised subset of TCRalphabeta+CD8alphabeta+ SP CXCR3+CD103+ thymocytes which share phenotypic and functional features with CD8+ IELs, thus suggesting the possibility of their direct colonisation of the gut mucosa. sp 131-133 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3 Mus musculus 134-139 16368781-11 2006 CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate the existence of a previously unrecognised subset of TCRalphabeta+CD8alphabeta+ SP CXCR3+CD103+ thymocytes which share phenotypic and functional features with CD8+ IELs, thus suggesting the possibility of their direct colonisation of the gut mucosa. sp 131-133 integrin alpha E, epithelial-associated Mus musculus 140-145 16573734-7 2006 The supernumerary SP phenotype of the Gef26 mutation can be enhanced by the Drosophila Rap mutations and rescued by overexpressing the cell adhesion molecule DE-cadherin. sp 18-20 PDZ domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor Drosophila melanogaster 38-43 16681573-4 2006 Patients suffering from histopathologically proven SP with a clinical score (PIP score; papules, infiltration and pruritus) of at least 5 points were enrolled into the study. sp 51-53 prolactin induced protein Homo sapiens 77-80 16552583-7 2006 Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was determined immunohistochemically using streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (SP) staining. sp 139-141 proliferating cell nuclear antigen Homo sapiens 14-48 16552583-7 2006 Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was determined immunohistochemically using streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (SP) staining. sp 139-141 proliferating cell nuclear antigen Homo sapiens 50-54 16634061-7 2006 Further, donor muscle SP cells, which did not express any myogenic markers prior to transplant, expressed the satellite cell transcription factor, Pax7, and the muscle-specific intermediate filament, desmin, after extravasation into host muscle. sp 22-24 paired box 7 Homo sapiens 147-151 16511637-2 2006 TACE protein expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured by Western blot analysis in 20 healthy controls and 80 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients before and after treatment with IFNbeta [20 patients with primary progressive (PP) MS, 20 patients with secondary progressive (SP) MS, and 40 patients with relapsing- remitting (RR) MS (20 patients during clinical remission and 20 patients in relapse)]. sp 298-300 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 Homo sapiens 0-4 16484343-5 2006 The Abcg2/GFP allele was also expressed in approximately 10% of lineage-negative (Lin(-)) and in 91% of SP cells using stringent conditions for the SP assay. sp 104-106 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 4-9 16484343-5 2006 The Abcg2/GFP allele was also expressed in approximately 10% of lineage-negative (Lin(-)) and in 91% of SP cells using stringent conditions for the SP assay. sp 148-150 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 4-9 16532018-7 2006 Patients collected using SP achieved higher A-ALC compared to AM (with modified settings) or CS (P<0.05) and demonstrated superior overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P<0.03). sp 25-27 allantoicase Homo sapiens 46-49 16532018-9 2006 The survival advantage observed by SP was from the higher A-ALC collected compared to AM and CS. sp 35-37 allantoicase Homo sapiens 60-63 16681573-7 2006 Outcome measure was the severity of SP investigated by means of the PIP score after 4 weeks of therapy. sp 36-38 prolactin induced protein Homo sapiens 68-71 16476740-5 2006 Moreover, in EFNB1-treated fetal thymus organ culture, CD117(+), CD25(+), DP, CD4 SP, and CD8 SP cells all had significantly enhanced proliferation history, according to bromodeoxyuridine uptake. sp 82-84 ephrin B1 Mus musculus 13-18 16476740-5 2006 Moreover, in EFNB1-treated fetal thymus organ culture, CD117(+), CD25(+), DP, CD4 SP, and CD8 SP cells all had significantly enhanced proliferation history, according to bromodeoxyuridine uptake. sp 94-96 ephrin B1 Mus musculus 13-18 16476740-6 2006 In vitro culture of isolated thymocytes revealed that EFNB1-Fc on solid-phase protected thymocytes from anti-CD3-induced apoptosis, with concomitant augmentation of several antiapoptotic factors, particularly in CD4 SP and CD8 SP cells; on the other hand, soluble EFNB1-Fc promoted anti-CD3-induced apoptosis, as was the case in vivo. sp 216-218 ephrin B1 Mus musculus 54-59 16573734-7 2006 The supernumerary SP phenotype of the Gef26 mutation can be enhanced by the Drosophila Rap mutations and rescued by overexpressing the cell adhesion molecule DE-cadherin. sp 18-20 fizzy-related Drosophila melanogaster 87-90 16573734-7 2006 The supernumerary SP phenotype of the Gef26 mutation can be enhanced by the Drosophila Rap mutations and rescued by overexpressing the cell adhesion molecule DE-cadherin. sp 18-20 shotgun Drosophila melanogaster 158-169 16540898-7 2006 Addition of the EGF ligand increased the SP population while inactivation of the EGFR kinase by Iressa significantly decreased SP. sp 127-129 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 81-85 16455057-4 2006 The majority of SP cells in normal non-regenerating muscle expressed CD31 and had endothelial characteristics. sp 16-18 platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 69-73 16455057-6 2006 CD31(-)CD45(-) SP cells showed the greatest myogenic potential among three SP sub-fractions, but indeed revealed mesenchymal potentials in vitro. sp 15-17 platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 0-4 16455057-6 2006 CD31(-)CD45(-) SP cells showed the greatest myogenic potential among three SP sub-fractions, but indeed revealed mesenchymal potentials in vitro. sp 15-17 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 7-11 16540898-9 2006 Activation of EGFR, a gene implicated in tumorigenesis in HNSCC leads to increased SP, and conversely, inhibition of EGFR leads to decrease in SP. sp 83-85 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 14-18 16540898-9 2006 Activation of EGFR, a gene implicated in tumorigenesis in HNSCC leads to increased SP, and conversely, inhibition of EGFR leads to decrease in SP. sp 143-145 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 14-18 16540898-9 2006 Activation of EGFR, a gene implicated in tumorigenesis in HNSCC leads to increased SP, and conversely, inhibition of EGFR leads to decrease in SP. sp 143-145 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 117-121 16328007-4 2006 Multicolor analysis indicated that 96% of SP cells were negative for Oct4. sp 42-44 POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1, related sequence 1 Mus musculus 69-73 16239320-5 2006 Next, we used an oligonucleotide microarray to analyze differentially expressed genes between SP and non-SP cells of hepatoma HuH7. sp 94-96 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 126-130 16239320-5 2006 Next, we used an oligonucleotide microarray to analyze differentially expressed genes between SP and non-SP cells of hepatoma HuH7. sp 105-107 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 126-130 16239320-10 2006 In hepatoma HuH7 and colorectal SW480 cell lines, SP cells showed evidence for self-renewal, generating both SP and non-SP cells. sp 50-52 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 12-16 16239320-12 2006 The HuH7 SP cells expressed a higher resistance to doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, and gemcitabine compared with non-SP cells. sp 9-11 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 4-8 16680964-3 2006 Immunohistochemistry method with biotin-streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (SP) was employed with P63 and CD29 as the first antibody to carry out single and double labeling. sp 77-79 tumor protein p63 Homo sapiens 99-102 16328007-7 2006 We found a novel subpopulation with reduced RNA content lacking Oct4 expression in testicular SP. sp 94-96 POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1, related sequence 1 Mus musculus 64-68 16285956-9 2005 CONCLUSIONS: The CD45-negative SP fraction, although not pure, represents the successful isolation of a viable population significantly enriched in small intestinal epithelial stem cells. sp 31-33 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 17-21 16150918-4 2006 SP cells, separated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, comprise approximately 0.4% of all limbal epithelial cells and have markedly higher expression of the stem cell markers ABCG2, Bmi-1, and nestin but no expression of markers for differentiated CE cells compared with non-SP cells. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 180-185 16150918-4 2006 SP cells, separated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, comprise approximately 0.4% of all limbal epithelial cells and have markedly higher expression of the stem cell markers ABCG2, Bmi-1, and nestin but no expression of markers for differentiated CE cells compared with non-SP cells. sp 0-2 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 187-192 16300651-6 2005 Epithelial SP cells were shown to be enriched for the putative stem cell markers p21(CIP1/WAF1), Musashi-1 and ERalpha/PR-positive cells. sp 11-13 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Homo sapiens 81-84 16300651-6 2005 Epithelial SP cells were shown to be enriched for the putative stem cell markers p21(CIP1/WAF1), Musashi-1 and ERalpha/PR-positive cells. sp 11-13 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Homo sapiens 85-89 16300651-6 2005 Epithelial SP cells were shown to be enriched for the putative stem cell markers p21(CIP1/WAF1), Musashi-1 and ERalpha/PR-positive cells. sp 11-13 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Homo sapiens 90-94 16300651-6 2005 Epithelial SP cells were shown to be enriched for the putative stem cell markers p21(CIP1/WAF1), Musashi-1 and ERalpha/PR-positive cells. sp 11-13 musashi RNA binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 97-106 16300651-6 2005 Epithelial SP cells were shown to be enriched for the putative stem cell markers p21(CIP1/WAF1), Musashi-1 and ERalpha/PR-positive cells. sp 11-13 estrogen receptor 1 Homo sapiens 111-118 16176803-4 2005 In addition, gene expression analysis of c-kit(+/)/Sca-1(+)/Lineage- SP (KSL-SP) cells demonstrates that only p57(Kip2) shows both higher expression compared to both SP and non-SP cells. sp 69-71 coronin, actin binding protein 1A Mus musculus 110-113 16176803-4 2005 In addition, gene expression analysis of c-kit(+/)/Sca-1(+)/Lineage- SP (KSL-SP) cells demonstrates that only p57(Kip2) shows both higher expression compared to both SP and non-SP cells. sp 77-79 ataxin 1 Mus musculus 51-71 16176803-4 2005 In addition, gene expression analysis of c-kit(+/)/Sca-1(+)/Lineage- SP (KSL-SP) cells demonstrates that only p57(Kip2) shows both higher expression compared to both SP and non-SP cells. sp 77-79 coronin, actin binding protein 1A Mus musculus 110-113 16176803-6 2005 These results demonstrate that the maintenance of bone marrow SP cells in G0/G1 may be carefully controlled by p57(Kip2). sp 62-64 coronin, actin binding protein 1A Mus musculus 111-114 16176803-6 2005 These results demonstrate that the maintenance of bone marrow SP cells in G0/G1 may be carefully controlled by p57(Kip2). sp 62-64 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C (P57) Mus musculus 115-119 16087986-4 2005 OBJECTIVE: We investigated the 72-h effects of vitamin A and the antimalarial drug sulfadoxine pyramethamine (SP) on erythropoietin production in severely anemic (hemoglobin < or = 70 g/L) preschool children in Zanzibar, a region of known vitamin A deficiency. sp 110-112 erythropoietin Homo sapiens 117-131 16033864-1 2005 With the use of Hoechst staining techniques, we have previously shown that the C2C12 myogenic cell line contains a side population (SP) that is largely increased in the presence of fibroblast growth factor 6 (FGF6). sp 132-134 fibroblast growth factor 6 Mus musculus 181-207 16033864-1 2005 With the use of Hoechst staining techniques, we have previously shown that the C2C12 myogenic cell line contains a side population (SP) that is largely increased in the presence of fibroblast growth factor 6 (FGF6). sp 132-134 fibroblast growth factor 6 Mus musculus 209-213 16033864-7 2005 These results show that FGF6 pushed committed myogenic cells toward a more immature phenotype resulting in the accumulation of cells with a SP phenotype. sp 140-142 fibroblast growth factor 6 Mus musculus 24-28 16051989-5 2005 The ABCG2-expressing cell population was isolated as a side population (SP) by cell sorting after exposure to Hoechst 33342 dye. sp 72-74 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 4-9 15987674-5 2005 These studies determined that the adult mouse lung SP has epithelial and mesenchymal potential that resides within a CD45- mesenchymal subpopulation, as well as limited hematopoietic ability, which resides in the bone marrow-derived CD45+ subpopulation. sp 51-53 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 117-121 15987674-5 2005 These studies determined that the adult mouse lung SP has epithelial and mesenchymal potential that resides within a CD45- mesenchymal subpopulation, as well as limited hematopoietic ability, which resides in the bone marrow-derived CD45+ subpopulation. sp 51-53 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 233-237 16002779-4 2005 Whereas in bone marrow Bcrp1 was almost exclusively responsible for the SP, both transporters contributed to the SP phenotype in the mammary gland, where their combined absence resulted in a nearly complete loss of SP. sp 72-74 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 23-28 16002779-5 2005 Interestingly, bone marrow of Mdr1a/1b-/- mice frequently displayed an elevated SP, which was reversible by the Bcrp1 inhibitor Ko143, suggesting that Bcrp1 can compensate for the loss of Mdr1a/1b in bone marrow. sp 80-82 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1A Mus musculus 30-35 16002779-5 2005 Interestingly, bone marrow of Mdr1a/1b-/- mice frequently displayed an elevated SP, which was reversible by the Bcrp1 inhibitor Ko143, suggesting that Bcrp1 can compensate for the loss of Mdr1a/1b in bone marrow. sp 80-82 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 112-117 16002779-5 2005 Interestingly, bone marrow of Mdr1a/1b-/- mice frequently displayed an elevated SP, which was reversible by the Bcrp1 inhibitor Ko143, suggesting that Bcrp1 can compensate for the loss of Mdr1a/1b in bone marrow. sp 80-82 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 151-156 16620554-8 2005 In addition, in vivo study showed that the malignancy of K562/Vp16 cells was largely attributed to the SP cells. sp 103-105 host cell factor C1 Homo sapiens 62-66 16187169-9 2005 Double immunostaining (CD45 and HepPar) and RT-PCR confirmed that the hepatocyte-like cells derived from the CD45-negative SP cells acquired HepPar positivity but had no detectable CD45 antigen expression. sp 123-125 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 109-113 16187169-9 2005 Double immunostaining (CD45 and HepPar) and RT-PCR confirmed that the hepatocyte-like cells derived from the CD45-negative SP cells acquired HepPar positivity but had no detectable CD45 antigen expression. sp 123-125 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 109-113 16187169-10 2005 In contrast, the cultured cells derived from the CD45-positive SP cells also acquired HepPar positivity, but only a minimal fraction expressed the CD45 antigen. sp 63-65 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 49-53 16107535-4 2005 Improved vascular reactivity in animals fed an SP diet was paralleled by increased mitochondrial glutathione and mRNA levels for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the antioxidant enzymes manganese superoxide dismutase and cytochrome c oxidase. sp 47-49 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 129-162 16107535-4 2005 Improved vascular reactivity in animals fed an SP diet was paralleled by increased mitochondrial glutathione and mRNA levels for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the antioxidant enzymes manganese superoxide dismutase and cytochrome c oxidase. sp 47-49 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 164-168 16107535-5 2005 Reduced eNOS and antioxidant gene expression, impaired endothelial function, and elevated blood pressure in animals fed a soy-deficient diet was reversed after refeeding them an SP diet for 6 months. sp 178-180 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 8-12 16107535-6 2005 Our findings suggest that an SP diet increases eNOS and antioxidant gene expression in the vasculature and other tissues, resulting in reduced oxidative stress and increased NO bioavailability. sp 29-31 nitric oxide synthase 3 Homo sapiens 47-51 15790310-4 2005 We found that Sp1 and Sp3, but not Sp2, co-operate functionally with p53, p73 and p63 for the synergistic transactivation of the p21Cip1 promoter in Drosophila Schneider SL2 cells that lack endogenous Sp factors. sp 14-16 p53 Drosophila melanogaster 69-72 16137234-6 2005 In comparison to mobilized blood SP cells, normal marrow SP cells contained a higher proportion of cells expressing c-Kit and CD34 and had a greater percentage of cells in the high Hoechst dye-effluxing portion of the SP tail. sp 57-59 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 116-121 16137234-6 2005 In comparison to mobilized blood SP cells, normal marrow SP cells contained a higher proportion of cells expressing c-Kit and CD34 and had a greater percentage of cells in the high Hoechst dye-effluxing portion of the SP tail. sp 57-59 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 126-130 16137234-7 2005 Analysis of SP cells in the bone marrow after mobilization revealed a decrease in the frequency of SP cells, in expression of c-Kit and Sca+ CD34(+)/CD34(-), and in day-7 to day-35 CAFC activity, consistent with mobilization into blood. sp 12-14 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 126-131 16137234-7 2005 Analysis of SP cells in the bone marrow after mobilization revealed a decrease in the frequency of SP cells, in expression of c-Kit and Sca+ CD34(+)/CD34(-), and in day-7 to day-35 CAFC activity, consistent with mobilization into blood. sp 12-14 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 141-145 16137234-7 2005 Analysis of SP cells in the bone marrow after mobilization revealed a decrease in the frequency of SP cells, in expression of c-Kit and Sca+ CD34(+)/CD34(-), and in day-7 to day-35 CAFC activity, consistent with mobilization into blood. sp 12-14 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 149-153 15967467-4 2005 Comparison of the dynamical fluctuations of the apo and the liganded forms of the minichaperone shows that the stability (needed for SP capture) involves favorable hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bond network formation between the SBP and WBP, and helices H and I. sp 133-135 selenium binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 237-240 16137234-6 2005 In comparison to mobilized blood SP cells, normal marrow SP cells contained a higher proportion of cells expressing c-Kit and CD34 and had a greater percentage of cells in the high Hoechst dye-effluxing portion of the SP tail. sp 57-59 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 116-121 16137234-6 2005 In comparison to mobilized blood SP cells, normal marrow SP cells contained a higher proportion of cells expressing c-Kit and CD34 and had a greater percentage of cells in the high Hoechst dye-effluxing portion of the SP tail. sp 57-59 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 126-130 15790310-8 2005 Our findings suggest that Sp factors are essential for the cellular responses to p53 activation by genotoxic stress. sp 26-28 p53 Drosophila melanogaster 81-84 16089116-11 2005 Also, the SP clone had significantly higher release of TNF-alpha in response to LPS. sp 10-12 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 55-64 16150202-7 2005 IFN-gamma secretion of SM in SP rats was significantly higher than that in MP rats 6 hrs after modeling (P < 0.05). sp 29-31 interferon gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-9 15802552-2 2005 In this study, we found that SP cells comprised of CD45(+) and CD45(-) subtypes are present in the embryonic lung (E-SP) at levels varying with gestational age. sp 29-31 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 51-55 15802552-2 2005 In this study, we found that SP cells comprised of CD45(+) and CD45(-) subtypes are present in the embryonic lung (E-SP) at levels varying with gestational age. sp 29-31 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 63-67 15800028-3 2005 The median fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD91 on CD14(+) monocytes was significantly higher in ESN compared with SP (P = 0.028) or USN (P = 0.007), as well as in SP compared with USN subjects (P = 0.018). sp 114-116 LDL receptor related protein 1 Homo sapiens 42-46 15800028-3 2005 The median fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD91 on CD14(+) monocytes was significantly higher in ESN compared with SP (P = 0.028) or USN (P = 0.007), as well as in SP compared with USN subjects (P = 0.018). sp 114-116 CD14 molecule Homo sapiens 50-54 15800028-3 2005 The median fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD91 on CD14(+) monocytes was significantly higher in ESN compared with SP (P = 0.028) or USN (P = 0.007), as well as in SP compared with USN subjects (P = 0.018). sp 163-165 LDL receptor related protein 1 Homo sapiens 42-46 15800028-3 2005 The median fluorescent intensity (MFI) of CD91 on CD14(+) monocytes was significantly higher in ESN compared with SP (P = 0.028) or USN (P = 0.007), as well as in SP compared with USN subjects (P = 0.018). sp 163-165 CD14 molecule Homo sapiens 50-54 15800028-6 2005 There was a significant positive correlation between CD91 MFI and CD8(+) T cell counts in HAART-naive SP subjects (r = 0.7, P = 0.015). sp 102-104 LDL receptor related protein 1 Homo sapiens 53-57 15917479-6 2005 Surface marker analysis revealed that the sorted SP cells expressed alpha6-integrin, beta1-integrin, Sca-1, keratin 14, and keratin 19, which are proliferating and progenitor cell markers, at levels higher than in non-SP cells, while they expressed E-cadherin, CD34, and CD71 at lower levels. sp 49-51 lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A Mus musculus 101-106 15917479-6 2005 Surface marker analysis revealed that the sorted SP cells expressed alpha6-integrin, beta1-integrin, Sca-1, keratin 14, and keratin 19, which are proliferating and progenitor cell markers, at levels higher than in non-SP cells, while they expressed E-cadherin, CD34, and CD71 at lower levels. sp 49-51 keratin 14 Mus musculus 108-118 15917479-6 2005 Surface marker analysis revealed that the sorted SP cells expressed alpha6-integrin, beta1-integrin, Sca-1, keratin 14, and keratin 19, which are proliferating and progenitor cell markers, at levels higher than in non-SP cells, while they expressed E-cadherin, CD34, and CD71 at lower levels. sp 49-51 keratin 19 Mus musculus 124-134 15917479-6 2005 Surface marker analysis revealed that the sorted SP cells expressed alpha6-integrin, beta1-integrin, Sca-1, keratin 14, and keratin 19, which are proliferating and progenitor cell markers, at levels higher than in non-SP cells, while they expressed E-cadherin, CD34, and CD71 at lower levels. sp 49-51 cadherin 1 Mus musculus 249-259 15917479-6 2005 Surface marker analysis revealed that the sorted SP cells expressed alpha6-integrin, beta1-integrin, Sca-1, keratin 14, and keratin 19, which are proliferating and progenitor cell markers, at levels higher than in non-SP cells, while they expressed E-cadherin, CD34, and CD71 at lower levels. sp 49-51 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 261-265 15917479-6 2005 Surface marker analysis revealed that the sorted SP cells expressed alpha6-integrin, beta1-integrin, Sca-1, keratin 14, and keratin 19, which are proliferating and progenitor cell markers, at levels higher than in non-SP cells, while they expressed E-cadherin, CD34, and CD71 at lower levels. sp 49-51 transferrin receptor Mus musculus 271-275 15670782-4 2005 Moreover, decreasing cadherin 16 expression using siRNA abolished LIF-induced multi-lineage differentiation of kidney SP in collagen gel. sp 118-120 cadherin 16 Homo sapiens 21-32 15900219-1 2005 OBJECTIVES: The objective was to examine the hypothesis that modifications to paraoxonase-1 specific activity (SP, activity per unit mass peptide) could contribute to serum paraoxonase-1 status, a determinant of the clinical efficacy of the enzyme. sp 111-113 paraoxonase 1 Homo sapiens 78-91 15900219-1 2005 OBJECTIVES: The objective was to examine the hypothesis that modifications to paraoxonase-1 specific activity (SP, activity per unit mass peptide) could contribute to serum paraoxonase-1 status, a determinant of the clinical efficacy of the enzyme. sp 111-113 paraoxonase 1 Homo sapiens 173-186 15900219-6 2005 The paraoxonase-1 promoter C--107T and Q192R polymorphisms influenced SP and, together with apolipoprotein AI, were highly significant, independent determinants in regression models. sp 70-72 paraoxonase 1 Homo sapiens 4-17 15900219-7 2005 There was an interaction between apolipoprotein AI and the C--107T polymorphism, which significantly modulated SP and serum paraoxonase-1 status. sp 111-113 apolipoprotein A1 Homo sapiens 33-50 15900219-9 2005 The C--107T polymorphism and serum apolipoprotein AI have major impacts individually on SP and also provide an example of gene-environment interaction to modulate such activities. sp 88-90 apolipoprotein A1 Homo sapiens 35-52 15811951-1 2005 When cell populations are incubated with the DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342 and subjected to flow cytometry analysis for Hoechst 33342 emissions, active efflux of the dye by the ABCG2/BCRP1 transporter causes certain cells to appear as a segregated cohort, known as a side population (SP). sp 284-286 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 177-182 15811951-1 2005 When cell populations are incubated with the DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342 and subjected to flow cytometry analysis for Hoechst 33342 emissions, active efflux of the dye by the ABCG2/BCRP1 transporter causes certain cells to appear as a segregated cohort, known as a side population (SP). sp 284-286 BCR pseudogene 1 Homo sapiens 183-188 15670782-4 2005 Moreover, decreasing cadherin 16 expression using siRNA abolished LIF-induced multi-lineage differentiation of kidney SP in collagen gel. sp 118-120 LIF interleukin 6 family cytokine Homo sapiens 66-69 15784466-10 2005 B*57s genotypes with another HLA-B allele different from those in the trans position, which also had a specificity different to Bw4-I80 (Bw4-T80 or Bw6), was also greater in the SP than in the RP group (p = 0.00003; OR = 10.11). sp 178-180 major histocompatibility complex, class I, B Homo sapiens 29-34 15784466-10 2005 B*57s genotypes with another HLA-B allele different from those in the trans position, which also had a specificity different to Bw4-I80 (Bw4-T80 or Bw6), was also greater in the SP than in the RP group (p = 0.00003; OR = 10.11). sp 178-180 BW4 Homo sapiens 128-131 15784466-10 2005 B*57s genotypes with another HLA-B allele different from those in the trans position, which also had a specificity different to Bw4-I80 (Bw4-T80 or Bw6), was also greater in the SP than in the RP group (p = 0.00003; OR = 10.11). sp 178-180 BW4 Homo sapiens 137-140 15784466-10 2005 B*57s genotypes with another HLA-B allele different from those in the trans position, which also had a specificity different to Bw4-I80 (Bw4-T80 or Bw6), was also greater in the SP than in the RP group (p = 0.00003; OR = 10.11). sp 178-180 BW6 Homo sapiens 148-151 15608658-7 2005 SP cells were identified in both lineage-positive and lineage-negative population and ABCG2 expression was enriched in lineage-negative SP cells. sp 136-138 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 86-91 15608658-8 2005 Lineage-negative SP cells were devoid of CD34 expression but enriched for CD133. sp 17-19 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 41-45 15608658-8 2005 Lineage-negative SP cells were devoid of CD34 expression but enriched for CD133. sp 17-19 prominin 1 Mus musculus 74-79 15516692-2 2005 Hematopoietic cells can be highly enriched for repopulating ability based upon the efflux of the fluorescent Hoechst 33342 dye by sorting for SP (side population) cells, a phenotype attributed to expression of ABCG2, a member of the ABC transporter superfamily. sp 142-144 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 Macaca mulatta 210-215 15682455-3 2005 By contrast, the third subset (MHC-Ihigh/NKG2D-Llow or "M+") is largely single positive (SP), represents approximately 15% of thymocytes and mostly contains more mature cells that have undergone successful positive selection. sp 89-91 killer cell lectin like receptor K1 Homo sapiens 41-46 15516692-5 2005 ABCG2-transduced human peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) acquired the SP phenotype but showed significantly reduced growth compared with control. sp 78-80 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 0-5 15582988-0 2005 Suppressing effect of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, SR147778, on alcohol intake and motivational properties of alcohol in alcohol-preferring sP rats. sp 152-154 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 38-41 15886885-2 2005 The membrane pump Bcrp has been identified as the molecular determinant of the SP phenotype. sp 79-81 BCR pseudogene 1 Homo sapiens 18-22 15740934-6 2005 Among the parameters measured in SP patients at the time of inclusion in the study, the best predictor of progression towards AIDS was the viral load, the best predictor for stability was CD4(+) cell count, but overall, the best predictor for SP evolution (stability vs. progression) appeared to be the percentage of CD4(+) cells. sp 33-35 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 188-191 15886885-3 2005 An SP population with Bcrp activity has been defined in a number of tissues, including mouse mammary and human breast epithelium, and it has been proposed that the SP phenotype is a universal stem cell marker. sp 3-5 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 22-26 15259009-7 2004 For mice on a normal diet, the ratio of SP to double-positive (DP) thymocytes in thymus of PrxII-null mice is lower than that in wild-type mice. sp 40-42 peroxiredoxin 2 Mus musculus 91-96 15155461-5 2004 Bcl-2 was up-regulated in T-cell-committed progenitors in all Tg lines, and accounted for greater numbers of double positive (DP), CD4 single positive (SP), and CD8SP thymocytes in TgA mice where, in contrast to TgB mice, thymocyte progenitor proliferation was normal. sp 152-154 B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 Mus musculus 0-5 15588377-3 2004 Proportions and intensities of Fas expression were increased in CD4 single-positive (SP) (CD4(+) CD8(-)), CD8 SP (CD8(+) CD4(-) ), and CD4(+) CD8(+) double-positive (DP) lymphocytes in AITD thyroids compared to those in blood, and were much higher in CD4(+) (CD4 SP and DP) lymphocytes than in CD8 SP lymphocytes in the thyroid. sp 85-87 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 64-67 15123536-8 2004 Serial serum testosterone assays revealed a significant increase in the circulating testosterone levels and restoration of spermatogenesis in the LHR-knockout recipients transplanted with the SP cells compared with that of those transplanted with non-SP. sp 192-194 luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor Mus musculus 146-149 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 90-92 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 21-53 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 111-113 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 21-53 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 111-113 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 55-59 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 90-92 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 55-59 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 111-113 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 21-53 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 90-92 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 135-139 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 111-113 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 55-59 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 90-92 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 135-139 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 111-113 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 21-53 15212947-4 2004 The ABC transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was more highly expressed in SP cells than in non-SP cells and a specific BCRP inhibitor, Ko143, reduced SP formation, suggesting that BCRP confers the SP phenotype in mammary epithelial cells, as has been demonstrated in other tissues. sp 111-113 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 55-59 15128883-2 2004 Although we have shown previously that matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is increased in peritoneal injury leading to SP/EPS, most of the MMP-2 in the dialysate drained from the peritoneal cavity was the latent form that was lacking activity. sp 119-121 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Rattus norvegicus 67-72 15135043-3 2004 The ATP-binding cassette transporter Bcrp1/ABCG2 is reported to contribute to the SP phenotype in cells from several diverse sources. sp 82-84 BCR pseudogene 1 Homo sapiens 37-42 15128883-2 2004 Although we have shown previously that matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is increased in peritoneal injury leading to SP/EPS, most of the MMP-2 in the dialysate drained from the peritoneal cavity was the latent form that was lacking activity. sp 119-121 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Rattus norvegicus 39-65 15135043-3 2004 The ATP-binding cassette transporter Bcrp1/ABCG2 is reported to contribute to the SP phenotype in cells from several diverse sources. sp 82-84 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 43-48 15135043-4 2004 Here we show data from fluorescence-activated cell sorting and real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis showing that harvested limbal epithelial cells contain SP cells expressing ABCG2. sp 157-159 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 177-182 15116309-5 2004 SP subjects infrequently recognized peptides from Vif, and such responses were subdominant; among ESN individuals, this HIV-1 protein was most frequently recognized. sp 0-2 Vif Human immunodeficiency virus 1 50-53 15099362-9 2004 CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that proinflammatory type 1 genes regulated by IFN-gamma are similarly increased in both SP and LP psoriasis, but a potential difference in IL-18 exists between these disease forms. sp 123-125 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 81-90 15135666-11 2004 That is, SP cells in the infarcted hearts of mice, which had been transplanted with bone marrow from ROSA 26 (beta-galactosidase transgenic) mice, were positive for beta-galactosidase. sp 9-11 gene trap ROSA 26, Philippe Soriano Mus musculus 101-108 15135666-11 2004 That is, SP cells in the infarcted hearts of mice, which had been transplanted with bone marrow from ROSA 26 (beta-galactosidase transgenic) mice, were positive for beta-galactosidase. sp 9-11 galactosidase, beta 1 Mus musculus 110-128 15135666-11 2004 That is, SP cells in the infarcted hearts of mice, which had been transplanted with bone marrow from ROSA 26 (beta-galactosidase transgenic) mice, were positive for beta-galactosidase. sp 9-11 galactosidase, beta 1 Mus musculus 165-183 14634717-6 2004 RESULTS: The SERT-positive innervation density was found to be significantly lower in the medial-prefrontal cortex and in the shell of the nucleus accumbens of the ethanol-naive sP rats (sP-N) when compared with the sNP and unselected Wistar rats. sp 178-180 solute carrier family 6 member 4 Rattus norvegicus 13-17 14644998-5 2004 Approximately half of SP cells expressed CD34 at readily detectable levels, and one-third of SP cells possessed the primitive c-kit+, SCA-1+, lineage neg, CD34neg cell phenotype. sp 93-95 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 126-131 14644998-5 2004 Approximately half of SP cells expressed CD34 at readily detectable levels, and one-third of SP cells possessed the primitive c-kit+, SCA-1+, lineage neg, CD34neg cell phenotype. sp 93-95 ataxin 1 Mus musculus 134-139 14644998-5 2004 Approximately half of SP cells expressed CD34 at readily detectable levels, and one-third of SP cells possessed the primitive c-kit+, SCA-1+, lineage neg, CD34neg cell phenotype. sp 93-95 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 155-159 14991602-7 2004 The CD4+ SP/CD8+ SP T cell ratio was decreased in Trp53(-/-) splenocytes and thymocytes. sp 9-11 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 4-7 14991602-7 2004 The CD4+ SP/CD8+ SP T cell ratio was decreased in Trp53(-/-) splenocytes and thymocytes. sp 9-11 transformation related protein 53 Mus musculus 50-55 14991602-7 2004 The CD4+ SP/CD8+ SP T cell ratio was decreased in Trp53(-/-) splenocytes and thymocytes. sp 17-19 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 4-7 14991602-7 2004 The CD4+ SP/CD8+ SP T cell ratio was decreased in Trp53(-/-) splenocytes and thymocytes. sp 17-19 transformation related protein 53 Mus musculus 50-55 14757526-5 2004 During E13.5-E15.5, PTPzeta-positive neurons are present at the subplate (SP) as well as at the marginal zone (MZ) of the neocortex. sp 74-76 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type Z, polypeptide 1 Mus musculus 20-27 15280597-7 2004 In a representative experiment using rabbit chondrocytes, total proteoglycan synthesis (SP plus CAP) was increased 3.5-fold after the addition of 1.34 nM insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) compared with nonstimulated cells. sp 88-90 insulin-like growth factor I Oryctolagus cuniculus 154-182 14971027-1 2004 In normal mice, more than 10% of thymocytes in the CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+ single-positive (SP) subsets express a medium level of CD3 on the cell surface. sp 90-92 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 64-67 14971027-1 2004 In normal mice, more than 10% of thymocytes in the CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+ single-positive (SP) subsets express a medium level of CD3 on the cell surface. sp 90-92 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 128-131 15280597-7 2004 In a representative experiment using rabbit chondrocytes, total proteoglycan synthesis (SP plus CAP) was increased 3.5-fold after the addition of 1.34 nM insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) compared with nonstimulated cells. sp 88-90 insulin-like growth factor I Oryctolagus cuniculus 184-189 14754084-2 2003 The spin asymmetry in the SP of He(*) scattered from a clean Fe/Cu(100) surface changed its polarity with H2O adsorption. sp 26-28 spindlin 1 Homo sapiens 4-8 14504922-10 2004 In fact, we have found that the sft phenotype is epistatic to that of sp, and that the level of SP mRNA in the apical buds of sft around flowering is reduced. sp 96-98 protein single flower truss Solanum lycopersicum 126-129 14603223-13 2003 Concentration of VEGF(165) protein in wound fluid was significantly higher in nonhealing venous ulcers (67.17 +/- 13.87 ng/mg SP; n = 13) compared with healing venous ulcers (32.19 +/- 7.90 ng/mg SP; n = 19; P <.05) or acute wounds (12.26 +/- 4.50; n = 8; P <.01). sp 126-128 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 17-21 14597105-4 2003 CD86 expression was significantly reduced in SP compared to RR patients and controls. sp 45-47 CD86 molecule Homo sapiens 0-4 14603223-13 2003 Concentration of VEGF(165) protein in wound fluid was significantly higher in nonhealing venous ulcers (67.17 +/- 13.87 ng/mg SP; n = 13) compared with healing venous ulcers (32.19 +/- 7.90 ng/mg SP; n = 19; P <.05) or acute wounds (12.26 +/- 4.50; n = 8; P <.01). sp 196-198 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 17-21 14603223-14 2003 Concentration of VEGF-R1 was similar in wound fluid obtained from healing ulcers (7.18 +/- 1.34 ng/mg SP; n = 13) and nonhealing ulcers (7.02 +/- 1.21 ng/mg SP; n = 19), and acute wounds (7.12 +/- 2.35 ng/mg SP; n = 8). sp 102-104 fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 17-24 12805065-4 2003 YS and embryonic SP isolated 8.0 dpc expressed vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) and vascular endothelial receptor 2 (Flk-1), markers not expressed by bone marrow SP but expressed by endothelial cells and progenitors. sp 17-19 cadherin 5 Mus musculus 47-76 12851395-3 2003 Bone marrow from Akt1-null mice exhibited a reduced SP fraction. sp 52-54 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 17-21 12851395-5 2003 Treatment of bone marrow with LY294002, an inhibitor of the Akt effector protein phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, led to a reversible loss of the SP fraction. sp 144-146 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 60-63 12851395-6 2003 Bcrp1, which encodes the Hoechst dye transporter, was translocated from the membrane to the intracellular compartment under conditions that promote the SP-depleted state. sp 152-154 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 0-5 12851395-7 2003 Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of Akt1 in bone marrow markedly increased the SP fraction, whereas there was no effect on bone marrow from Bcrp(-/-) mice. sp 81-83 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 38-42 14642081-7 2003 CONCLUSION: CyclinD1, p16, E2F-1 and Rb played the important roles from MP into SP and then DCIS. sp 80-82 cyclin D1 Homo sapiens 12-20 14642081-7 2003 CONCLUSION: CyclinD1, p16, E2F-1 and Rb played the important roles from MP into SP and then DCIS. sp 80-82 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A Homo sapiens 22-25 14642081-7 2003 CONCLUSION: CyclinD1, p16, E2F-1 and Rb played the important roles from MP into SP and then DCIS. sp 80-82 E2F transcription factor 1 Homo sapiens 27-32 14642081-8 2003 E2F-1 and Rb can be used as the assistant indicators on the differentiation of SP and DCIS. sp 79-81 E2F transcription factor 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 12805065-4 2003 YS and embryonic SP isolated 8.0 dpc expressed vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) and vascular endothelial receptor 2 (Flk-1), markers not expressed by bone marrow SP but expressed by endothelial cells and progenitors. sp 17-19 cadherin 5 Mus musculus 78-89 12805065-4 2003 YS and embryonic SP isolated 8.0 dpc expressed vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) and vascular endothelial receptor 2 (Flk-1), markers not expressed by bone marrow SP but expressed by endothelial cells and progenitors. sp 17-19 kinase insert domain protein receptor Mus musculus 128-133 12805065-6 2003 In contrast, SP isolated 9.5 to 11.5 dpc contained a significantly higher proportion of cells expressing cKit and CD45, markers highly expressed by bone marrow SP. sp 13-15 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 114-118 12805065-6 2003 In contrast, SP isolated 9.5 to 11.5 dpc contained a significantly higher proportion of cells expressing cKit and CD45, markers highly expressed by bone marrow SP. sp 160-162 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 114-118 14615016-1 2003 The R100Q mutation in the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptor alpha(6) subunit was previously identified in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) and Sardinian alcohol-nonpreferring (sNP) rats as a candidate gene influencing alcohol preference and sensitivity. sp 152-154 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha6 Rattus norvegicus 26-92 14529833-6 2003 One thousand transduced SP cells reconstituted the bone marrow of sublethally irradiated Fanca recipient mice. sp 24-26 Fanconi anemia, complementation group A Mus musculus 89-94 12819005-2 2003 The ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2/BCRP1 mediates the SP phenotype. sp 62-64 ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 4 Homo sapiens 4-36 12626330-2 2003 SP cells can be isolated by dual-wavelength flow cytometry because of their capacity to efflux Hoechst dye, a process mediated by the ATP-binding cassette transporter breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp) 1. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 167-208 12626330-10 2003 In BSMC, Bcrp1 was localized to an intracellular compartment, suggesting that the molecular site of Bcrp1 expression regulates SP phenotype. sp 127-129 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 9-14 12626330-10 2003 In BSMC, Bcrp1 was localized to an intracellular compartment, suggesting that the molecular site of Bcrp1 expression regulates SP phenotype. sp 127-129 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 100-105 12819005-2 2003 The ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2/BCRP1 mediates the SP phenotype. sp 62-64 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 37-42 12819005-2 2003 The ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2/BCRP1 mediates the SP phenotype. sp 62-64 BCR pseudogene 1 Homo sapiens 43-48 12819005-8 2003 These results indicate that oval cells have the SP phenotype defined by expression of ABCG2/BCRP1, suggesting that oval cells may represent stem cells in the liver. sp 48-50 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 86-91 12819005-8 2003 These results indicate that oval cells have the SP phenotype defined by expression of ABCG2/BCRP1, suggesting that oval cells may represent stem cells in the liver. sp 48-50 BCR pseudogene 1 Homo sapiens 92-97 12921553-2 2003 METHODS: Streptovidin peroxidase conjugated (SP) immunohistochemical assay was performed to examine the expression of COX-2 protein in human ovarian epithelial serous cancer cell lines CAOV3 and OVCAR3 respectively. sp 45-47 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 118-123 12539232-6 2003 The unusual chromogranin B (CgB)/chromogranin A (CgA) ratio with CgB in abundance over CgA, previously found only in SP, was also valid for the native (NP) and metastasis-derived prostasomes (MP). sp 117-119 chromogranin A Homo sapiens 49-52 12811240-4 2003 Instead, the lineage marker-, c-Kit+, and Sca-1- population contained a considerable number of SP cells. sp 95-97 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 30-35 12811240-4 2003 Instead, the lineage marker-, c-Kit+, and Sca-1- population contained a considerable number of SP cells. sp 95-97 ataxin 1 Mus musculus 42-47 12644022-7 2003 Analysis of the subpopulations of SP cells revealed that SP(+)Sca(-)CD34(+) cells contained almost exclusively day-7 CAFC and had little day-28-35 CAFC activity. sp 34-36 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 68-72 12644022-8 2003 SP(+)Sca(+)CD34(+) cells had high day-7-14 CAFC frequencies, but lower day-35 CAFC frequencies compared to SP(+)Sca(+)CD34(-) cells. sp 0-2 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 11-15 12644022-9 2003 SP(+)Sca(+)CD34(-) cells contained very low day-7 CAFC activity, but nearly 2200 times the day-28-35 CAFC activity as normal bone marrow. sp 0-2 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 11-15 12620642-5 2003 We found the MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio in serum to show higher values in secondary progressive (SP, p=0.02) and primary progressive (PP, p=0.01) MS than short disease duration (SDD) relapsing-remitting (RR) MS, but not different from the healthy control (HC) group. sp 89-91 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 13-18 12620642-5 2003 We found the MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio in serum to show higher values in secondary progressive (SP, p=0.02) and primary progressive (PP, p=0.01) MS than short disease duration (SDD) relapsing-remitting (RR) MS, but not different from the healthy control (HC) group. sp 89-91 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 Homo sapiens 19-25 12854658-10 2003 CONCLUSIONS: If arsenite produces exencephaly by inactivating the Pax3 protein, then the fact that the exencephaly rate was increased in Sp/Sp embryos with no functional Pax3 indicates that arsenite may either induce this defect through additional pathways, or may alter the response via modifier genes. sp 137-139 paired box 3 Mus musculus 66-70 12854658-10 2003 CONCLUSIONS: If arsenite produces exencephaly by inactivating the Pax3 protein, then the fact that the exencephaly rate was increased in Sp/Sp embryos with no functional Pax3 indicates that arsenite may either induce this defect through additional pathways, or may alter the response via modifier genes. sp 140-142 paired box 3 Mus musculus 66-70 12691677-4 2003 The muscle SP fraction also contains cells expressing the hematopoietic marker CD45 that are capable of differentiation into hematopoietic cells and muscle cells. sp 11-13 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C Homo sapiens 79-83 12539232-6 2003 The unusual chromogranin B (CgB)/chromogranin A (CgA) ratio with CgB in abundance over CgA, previously found only in SP, was also valid for the native (NP) and metastasis-derived prostasomes (MP). sp 117-119 chromogranin B Homo sapiens 12-26 12539232-6 2003 The unusual chromogranin B (CgB)/chromogranin A (CgA) ratio with CgB in abundance over CgA, previously found only in SP, was also valid for the native (NP) and metastasis-derived prostasomes (MP). sp 117-119 chromogranin B Homo sapiens 28-31 12539232-6 2003 The unusual chromogranin B (CgB)/chromogranin A (CgA) ratio with CgB in abundance over CgA, previously found only in SP, was also valid for the native (NP) and metastasis-derived prostasomes (MP). sp 117-119 chromogranin A Homo sapiens 33-47 12646383-2 2003 The iterative annealing mechanism suggests that the allostery-driven GroEL transitions leading to changes in the microenvironment of the SP constitutes the annealing action of chaperonins. sp 137-139 GroEL Escherichia coli 69-74 12538873-7 2003 Whereas SP cells up-regulated uniformly their CD69 and CD44 levels, increased their cell size, and survived after antigen exposure, DP cells had less CD69 and CD44 up-regulation, no size change, and promptly died. sp 8-10 CD69 antigen Mus musculus 46-50 12538873-7 2003 Whereas SP cells up-regulated uniformly their CD69 and CD44 levels, increased their cell size, and survived after antigen exposure, DP cells had less CD69 and CD44 up-regulation, no size change, and promptly died. sp 8-10 CD44 antigen Mus musculus 55-59 12662438-1 2003 The rapid efflux of the fluorescent DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342 identifies a rare, so-called side population (SP), which rapidly expels the dye, can reconstitute the bone marrow (BM) of lethally irradiated mice, and has proven negative for most lineage markers including CD34. sp 112-114 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 273-277 12662438-8 2003 We conclude that human primitive hematopoietic cells can be isolated via Hoechst staining and that SP cells of various human sources show substantial differences and represent a rare CD34(-) population with stem cell potential. sp 99-101 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 183-187 12646383-5 2003 In the course of the T-->R transition the microenvironment of the SP changes which suggests that GroEL is an annealing machine even without GroES. sp 69-71 GroEL Escherichia coli 100-105 12529547-4 2003 These SP cells are mostly CD34(-), highly enriched for long-term repopulating cells, and durably engraft in sublethally irradiated non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice. sp 6-8 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 26-30 12529547-6 2003 Enforced expression of the ABCG2 cDNA resulted in a robust SP phenotype and a reduction in hematopoietic maturation. sp 59-61 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 27-32 12417449-6 2002 Significantly lower BDNF values were found in unstimulated and stimulated PBMC supernatants of patients with SP MS compared to control subjects. sp 109-111 brain derived neurotrophic factor Homo sapiens 20-24 12510848-5 2002 Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF beta1)-fibronectin pathway in kidney, responsible for glomerular dysfunction, was markedly blunted by SP treatment in a dose dependent manner. sp 198-200 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 58-90 12510848-5 2002 Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF beta1)-fibronectin pathway in kidney, responsible for glomerular dysfunction, was markedly blunted by SP treatment in a dose dependent manner. sp 198-200 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 92-101 12510849-7 2002 In addition, expressions of an insulin-responsive gene and corresponding protein, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), in skeletal muscle, were also determined in SP- and rosiglitazone-treated ZDF rats. sp 157-159 solute carrier family 2 member 4 Rattus norvegicus 82-103 12510849-7 2002 In addition, expressions of an insulin-responsive gene and corresponding protein, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), in skeletal muscle, were also determined in SP- and rosiglitazone-treated ZDF rats. sp 157-159 solute carrier family 2 member 4 Rattus norvegicus 105-110 12510849-8 2002 mRNA and protein levels of GLUT4 in SP-treated rats were upregulated in a dose dependent manner. sp 36-38 solute carrier family 2 member 4 Rattus norvegicus 27-32 12510849-9 2002 Furthermore, when ZDF rats were treated with 2 g/kg of the SP formula, the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase was decreased by 49%, whereas the activity of glucokinase was increased by 196%, compared to the ZDF control rats. sp 59-61 glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 87-108 12510849-9 2002 Furthermore, when ZDF rats were treated with 2 g/kg of the SP formula, the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase was decreased by 49%, whereas the activity of glucokinase was increased by 196%, compared to the ZDF control rats. sp 59-61 glucokinase Rattus norvegicus 155-166 12469051-7 2002 After surgery, patients homozygous for the MTHFR gene mutation had increased graft thrombosis, compared with patients who were heterozygous (33.3% versus 11.1%; P =.01), and lower PP, APP and SP rates (P <.05). sp 192-194 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase Homo sapiens 43-48 12438646-5 2002 Importantly, endoglin-positive cells, which account for 20% of total SP cells, contain all the LTR-HSC activity within bone marrow SP. sp 69-71 endoglin Homo sapiens 13-21 12438646-5 2002 Importantly, endoglin-positive cells, which account for 20% of total SP cells, contain all the LTR-HSC activity within bone marrow SP. sp 131-133 endoglin Homo sapiens 13-21 12618072-3 2003 In particular, a higher level of total hydrophobic surfactant-associated proteins (SP) (due to higher levels of SP-B and SP-C) is reported in HF calves compared to BWB calves. sp 83-85 surfactant protein B Bos taurus 112-116 12618072-3 2003 In particular, a higher level of total hydrophobic surfactant-associated proteins (SP) (due to higher levels of SP-B and SP-C) is reported in HF calves compared to BWB calves. sp 83-85 surfactant protein C Bos taurus 121-125 12417449-11 2002 The reduced production of BDNF by PBMCs of patients with SP MS can contribute to the progression of demyelinating disease and axonal loss in this form. sp 57-59 brain derived neurotrophic factor Homo sapiens 26-30 12366378-7 2002 Thus, Con A sup or combinations of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-7 strongly induced differentiation of CD69+DP to CD8 SP, whereas individual cytokines did not. sp 106-108 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 35-39 12366378-7 2002 Thus, Con A sup or combinations of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-7 strongly induced differentiation of CD69+DP to CD8 SP, whereas individual cytokines did not. sp 106-108 interleukin 4 Homo sapiens 41-45 12366378-7 2002 Thus, Con A sup or combinations of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-7 strongly induced differentiation of CD69+DP to CD8 SP, whereas individual cytokines did not. sp 106-108 interleukin 7 Homo sapiens 50-54 12366378-7 2002 Thus, Con A sup or combinations of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-7 strongly induced differentiation of CD69+DP to CD8 SP, whereas individual cytokines did not. sp 106-108 CD69 molecule Homo sapiens 91-95 12366378-7 2002 Thus, Con A sup or combinations of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-7 strongly induced differentiation of CD69+DP to CD8 SP, whereas individual cytokines did not. sp 106-108 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 102-105 12218177-2 2002 Previous studies have implicated the ATP binding cassette transporter genes Mdr1a/1b and/or Bcrp1 in the SP phenotype. sp 105-107 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1A Mus musculus 76-81 12218177-2 2002 Previous studies have implicated the ATP binding cassette transporter genes Mdr1a/1b and/or Bcrp1 in the SP phenotype. sp 105-107 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 92-97 12218177-5 2002 In the bone marrow, there was a nearly absolute loss of lineage negative, c-Kit-positive, Sca-1-positive SP cells, and the residual SP cells were depleted of repopulating cells in a transplant assay, demonstrating that Bcrp1 expression is necessary for the SP phenotype in HSCs. sp 132-134 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 219-224 12218177-5 2002 In the bone marrow, there was a nearly absolute loss of lineage negative, c-Kit-positive, Sca-1-positive SP cells, and the residual SP cells were depleted of repopulating cells in a transplant assay, demonstrating that Bcrp1 expression is necessary for the SP phenotype in HSCs. sp 132-134 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 219-224 12400177-8 2002 These results indicate the complexity of the PTN role in somitogenesis, which might possibly explain the phenotype of Pax3 mutant mouse, Sploch (Sp). sp 137-139 pleiotrophin Mus musculus 45-48 12205677-6 2002 Furthermore, we demonstrated that, at all stages examined, the "side population" (SP), defined as the Hoechst 33342 low/negative fraction, which is known to be a stem cell-enriched population in bone marrow, was also enriched for Notch1-positive immature neural cells (about 60%) from the developing striatum. sp 82-84 notch 1 Mus musculus 230-236 12383975-5 2002 In the shell of the nAcc a reduced DAT-IM in sP rats was found, while the DBH-IM did not differ between the three lines of rats. sp 45-47 solute carrier family 6 member 3 Rattus norvegicus 35-38 12400177-8 2002 These results indicate the complexity of the PTN role in somitogenesis, which might possibly explain the phenotype of Pax3 mutant mouse, Sploch (Sp). sp 137-139 paired box 3 Mus musculus 118-122 12202213-5 2002 Five mutant viruses have a sp phenotype in both Vero and HuH-7 cells, three of which are also ts. sp 27-29 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 57-62 12202213-6 2002 Seventeen mutant viruses have a sp phenotype in only HuH-7 cells, 13 of which are also ts. sp 32-34 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 53-58 12121437-3 2002 There was a lower ratio of CD4 single-positive (SP) to CD8 SP cells and decreased apoptosis of CD4+CD8+ (DP) thymocytes from Apaf-1-/- mice compared with wild-type. sp 48-50 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 27-30 11852115-5 2002 Unexpectedly, the expression level of Bcl-x was higher in DP cells than in Single Positive (SP) cells and in CD69(+) DP thymocytes it was lower than in CD69(+) DP thymocytes. sp 92-94 BCL2 like 1 Homo sapiens 38-43 12076997-8 2002 There was a significant trend for increasing S100B levels from PP to SP to RR multiple sclerosis (P < 0.05). sp 69-71 S100 calcium binding protein B Homo sapiens 45-50 12076997-10 2002 The S100B : ferritin ratio discriminated patients with RR multiple sclerosis from SP, PP or control patients (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). sp 82-84 S100 calcium binding protein B Homo sapiens 4-9 12135680-6 2002 The 4-6 monoclonal line, allowing around 10-fold negative enrichment of SP cells, recognized the product of the porcine CD9 gene. sp 72-74 CD9 molecule Sus scrofa 120-123 12116348-8 2002 A particularly high correlation and comparable precision of absolute CD4 counts were observed between the SP volumetric method and DP PanLeucogating (R(2) = 0.990; bias 6 +/- SD 17%). sp 106-108 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 69-72 11839882-3 2002 Subsequently, a prospective randomized study was done comparing the conventional (group A) and ICE guided (group B) ablation of the SP. sp 132-134 carboxylesterase 2 Homo sapiens 95-98 11937532-4 2002 Thymocytes are selected for the expression of TCR beta-chains with shorter CDR3 at the double-positive to single-positive (SP) transition. sp 123-125 T cell receptor beta locus Homo sapiens 46-54 11937532-4 2002 Thymocytes are selected for the expression of TCR beta-chains with shorter CDR3 at the double-positive to single-positive (SP) transition. sp 123-125 CDR3 Homo sapiens 75-79 11937532-9 2002 The difference in the extent of this selection between the two SP lineages may indicate a class difference in the nature of the TCR-MHC interaction, the role of coreceptors in the selection process, or both. sp 63-65 major histocompatibility complex, class I, C Homo sapiens 132-135 11902862-4 2002 Here we provide evidence for the role of AdoMet as a reversible deoxyadenosyl radical generator, which initiates repair by hydrogen atom abstraction from C-6 of SP. sp 161-163 complement C6 Homo sapiens 154-157 12537696-4 2002 LPSb bound to monocytes was detected after 5 min of incubation in both groups, with a more pronounced decay in SP. sp 111-113 selenium binding protein 1 Homo sapiens 0-4 11781231-6 2002 Furthermore, it is shown that transient expression of ABCG2 generates a robust SP phenotype in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. sp 79-81 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 54-59 11781231-12 2002 These data suggest that ABCG2 contributes significantly to the generation of the SP phenotype in hematopoietic stem cells. sp 81-83 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 24-29 11750910-5 2002 The TH-positive innervation density was found to be significantly lower in the cingulate cortex and in the shell of the nucleus accumbens of the sP when compared with the sNP and unselected Wistar rats. sp 145-147 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 4-6 11672442-9 2001 The consensus SP1 probe generated the same SP1 and SP3 complexes as PR1 in EMSA; therefore we conclude that SP activity is both necessary and sufficient in the PR1 position. sp 14-16 Sp3 transcription factor Homo sapiens 51-54 12376784-6 2002 EGF in SP 6 microg/kg per day for 7 days; ten rats were given i.g. sp 7-9 epidermal growth factor like 1 Rattus norvegicus 0-3 11672442-9 2001 The consensus SP1 probe generated the same SP1 and SP3 complexes as PR1 in EMSA; therefore we conclude that SP activity is both necessary and sufficient in the PR1 position. sp 14-16 transmembrane protein 37 Homo sapiens 160-163 11672442-12 2001 Thus, synergistic co-operation between SP and AP1 factors bound to the adjacent PR1 and PR2, respectively, is necessary for MN transcriptional activity. sp 39-41 transmembrane protein 37 Homo sapiens 80-83 11694330-5 2001 Both in PP and SP patients, IFN-gamma and IL-10 mRNA were decreased compared to RR patients and controls. sp 15-17 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 28-37 11673502-6 2001 Thus, overexpression of AML1 is able to skew class II-restricted thymocytes into the CD8 SP lineage, but not to drive the maturation of resulting selected CD8 SP cells. sp 89-91 runt related transcription factor 1 Mus musculus 24-28 11694330-5 2001 Both in PP and SP patients, IFN-gamma and IL-10 mRNA were decreased compared to RR patients and controls. sp 15-17 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 42-47 11441075-7 2001 In tumor-free CD2-GATA3-transgenic mice, the total numbers of CD8 SP cells in the thymus were within normal ranges, but their maturation was hampered, as indicated by increased apoptosis of CD8 SP cells and a selective deficiency of mature CD69(low)HSA(low) CD8 SP cells. sp 66-68 CD2 antigen Mus musculus 14-17 11443081-2 2001 Most studies of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC33 gene product, eIF4E, have been carried out with logarithmically growing cells, and little is known about its role in starved, nonproliferating cells that enter the stationary phase (SP). sp 239-241 translation initiation factor eIF4E Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 51-56 11441075-7 2001 In tumor-free CD2-GATA3-transgenic mice, the total numbers of CD8 SP cells in the thymus were within normal ranges, but their maturation was hampered, as indicated by increased apoptosis of CD8 SP cells and a selective deficiency of mature CD69(low)HSA(low) CD8 SP cells. sp 66-68 GATA binding protein 3 Mus musculus 18-23 11222500-4 2001 We have identified at least six discrete subpopulations in the subset of TCRalphabeta(+)CD3(+) CD8 SP cells in the thymus. sp 99-101 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 88-91 11389201-12 2001 Application of Ca(2+)-CaM into SP non-pyramidal neurons induced the emergence of AMPAR-mediated EPSCs that were not evoked by low stimulus intensity before perfusion. sp 31-33 calmodulin 1 Rattus norvegicus 22-25 11389201-16 2001 The magnitude of PS-, adenophostin- or Ca(2+)-CaM-induced synaptic potentiation in SP non-pyramidal neurons increased during postnatal development. sp 83-85 calmodulin 1 Rattus norvegicus 46-49 11159007-9 2001 IA endotoxin caused rapid and sustained increases in SP mRNAs that preceded the increase in alveolar saturated phosphatidylcholine processing of SP-B and improved lung compliance in prematurely delivered lambs. sp 53-55 pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B Ovis aries 145-149 11239950-8 2001 CSF-related low MTRs were clearly over-represented in SP patients, and showed a significant distinction between the SP and PP MS group. sp 54-56 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 0-3 11239950-11 2001 CONCLUSION: This explorative study suggests that MTR histogram analysis can distinguish between MS patients and controls, and best identifies the SP phenotype, partly as a result of increased CSF volume (atrophy). sp 146-148 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 192-195 11120804-4 2000 One phenotypic change seen in the AML1-diminished mice was the reduction in the numbers of both CD4 SP and CD8 SP thymocytes, reflecting the partial impairment of the transition from the double-positive to SP stage. sp 100-102 runt related transcription factor 1 Mus musculus 34-38 11340060-5 2001 A key idea in our framework is that, with coordinated ATP hydrolysis and GroES binding, GroEL participates actively by repeatedly unfolding the substrate protein (SP), provided that it is trapped in one of the misfolded states. sp 163-165 chaperonin GroES Escherichia coli 73-78 11340060-5 2001 A key idea in our framework is that, with coordinated ATP hydrolysis and GroES binding, GroEL participates actively by repeatedly unfolding the substrate protein (SP), provided that it is trapped in one of the misfolded states. sp 163-165 GroEL Escherichia coli 88-93 11340060-6 2001 We conjecture that the unfolding of SP becomes possible because a stretching force is transmitted to the SP when the GroEL particle undergoes allosteric transitions. sp 36-38 GroEL Escherichia coli 117-122 11340060-6 2001 We conjecture that the unfolding of SP becomes possible because a stretching force is transmitted to the SP when the GroEL particle undergoes allosteric transitions. sp 105-107 GroEL Escherichia coli 117-122 11120804-4 2000 One phenotypic change seen in the AML1-diminished mice was the reduction in the numbers of both CD4 SP and CD8 SP thymocytes, reflecting the partial impairment of the transition from the double-positive to SP stage. sp 100-102 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 96-99 11120804-4 2000 One phenotypic change seen in the AML1-diminished mice was the reduction in the numbers of both CD4 SP and CD8 SP thymocytes, reflecting the partial impairment of the transition from the double-positive to SP stage. sp 111-113 runt related transcription factor 1 Mus musculus 34-38 11120804-4 2000 One phenotypic change seen in the AML1-diminished mice was the reduction in the numbers of both CD4 SP and CD8 SP thymocytes, reflecting the partial impairment of the transition from the double-positive to SP stage. sp 111-113 runt related transcription factor 1 Mus musculus 34-38 11120804-8 2000 The AML1 transcription factor thus maintains the homeostasis of each SP subset by functioning at the later stages of T lymphocyte differentiation. sp 69-71 runt related transcription factor 1 Mus musculus 4-8 10933726-13 2000 In contrast, CD8(+) SP and CD4(-) CD8(-) tumors did not show elevated Fas ligand expression. sp 20-22 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 13-16 11064438-4 2000 The purpose of this Phase I open label clinical study was to monitor CSF anti-MBP in patients with chronic progressive MS subsequent to IV administration of synthetic peptide (sp) MBP82-98 namely DEN(85)VVHFFKNIVTP(96)RT. sp 176-178 myelin basic protein Homo sapiens 78-81 11141034-8 2000 CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that ethanol-preferring sP rats show a dysregulation in basal CRF release within the CeA that may, in turn, heighten ethanol intake and increase susceptibility to anxiogenic stimuli in these animals. sp 57-59 carcinoembryonic antigen gene family 4 Rattus norvegicus 118-121 11064438-4 2000 The purpose of this Phase I open label clinical study was to monitor CSF anti-MBP in patients with chronic progressive MS subsequent to IV administration of synthetic peptide (sp) MBP82-98 namely DEN(85)VVHFFKNIVTP(96)RT. sp 176-178 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 69-72 10979957-2 2000 In the bone marrow of multiple species, including mice and primates, the SP is composed primarily of CD34(-) cells, yet has many of the functional properties of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). sp 73-75 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 101-105 10979957-4 2000 The SP in unfractionated UCB was enriched for CD34(+) cells but also contained a large population of CD34(-) cells, many of which were mature lymphocytes. sp 4-6 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 46-50 10979957-4 2000 The SP in unfractionated UCB was enriched for CD34(+) cells but also contained a large population of CD34(-) cells, many of which were mature lymphocytes. sp 4-6 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 101-105 10567697-4 1999 In contrast, [Arg(11)]substance P (SP) was 100 times more and 400 times less potent than SP on the hindgut and ileum, respectively. sp 35-37 tachykinin precursor 1 Homo sapiens 22-33 10910903-4 2000 Transduction of murine bone marrow cells with an MDR1 retroviral vector resulted in an almost 2 log increase in SP cell numbers over 12 days in culture, whereas there was a rapid loss of SP cells from control cultures. sp 112-114 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1B Mus musculus 49-53 10660892-7 2000 By E4.5-E5.5, some CTb-like immunoreactive (CTb-LI) axons terminated in the ipsilateral SP/IPS. sp 88-90 chitobiase Homo sapiens 19-22 10660892-7 2000 By E4.5-E5.5, some CTb-like immunoreactive (CTb-LI) axons terminated in the ipsilateral SP/IPS. sp 88-90 chitobiase Homo sapiens 44-47 10660892-13 2000 Also, during this stage, a few CTb-LI collaterals terminated in the contralateral SP/IPS. sp 82-84 chitobiase Homo sapiens 31-34 10882421-4 2000 In spite of lacking CD28 expression, DP T cells showed similar proliferative ability and apoptosis sensitivity to CD4 SP and CD8 SP T cells. sp 118-120 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 Macaca fascicularis 114-117 10882421-9 2000 On the other hand, several expanded DP T cell clones shared TCR V(beta) with expanded CD4 SP T cell clones, strongly suggesting that those two corresponding clones with DP and CD4 SP phenotypes might be derived from the same ancestor T cell. sp 90-92 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 Macaca fascicularis 86-89 10666211-5 2000 Further, pharmacologic or genetic suppression of p38 MAPK activity, the latter achieved by overexpressing a catalytically inactive p38 MAPK, resulted in a blockade of the DP-to-SP transition of a thymocyte cell line in a novel in vitro differentiation assay. sp 177-179 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 49-52 10666211-5 2000 Further, pharmacologic or genetic suppression of p38 MAPK activity, the latter achieved by overexpressing a catalytically inactive p38 MAPK, resulted in a blockade of the DP-to-SP transition of a thymocyte cell line in a novel in vitro differentiation assay. sp 177-179 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 131-134 10666211-6 2000 Taken together, these data constitute the first demonstration that p38 MAPK plays a critical role in the DP-to-SP differentiation of thymocytes during late intrathymic development. sp 111-113 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 67-70 10575088-6 1999 Centrally, GDNF-immunostained fibers and terminal-like structures are mainly restricted to the spinal trigeminal nucleus, where they are codistributed with SP and CGRP. sp 156-158 glial cell derived neurotrophic factor Homo sapiens 11-15 10457221-6 1999 At the stage of 3G11+ 6C10- CD69- HSAint Qa-2-, a branch pathway could be initiated, which gave rise to 3G11- HSAl degrees Qa-2- cells, which then, in turn, developed into 3G11- HSA-/loQa-2hi cells, a minor subgroup of the most mature CD4 SP cells. sp 239-241 CD69 antigen Mus musculus 28-32 10499914-9 1999 They also indicate that the TCR-MHC class II interaction(s) required for the intrathymic development of long-lived CD4(+) SP cells occurs before the CD4(hi) SP stage of development. sp 122-124 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 115-118 10360761-8 1999 In contrast, SP patients showed low IL-10 mRNA levels constitutively, suggesting that IL-10 plays an important role in the control of disease progression. sp 13-15 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 36-41 10360761-8 1999 In contrast, SP patients showed low IL-10 mRNA levels constitutively, suggesting that IL-10 plays an important role in the control of disease progression. sp 13-15 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 86-91 9815113-8 1998 SP transcription rates after 24 h of exposure to TGF-beta1 were reduced to a similar extent (20-50% of control level). sp 0-2 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 49-58 10229836-8 1999 Blockade of chemokine receptor-mediated signaling by pertussis toxin perturbed the normal distribution of SP cells and resulted in the accumulation of SP cells in the cortex. sp 106-108 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 12-30 10229836-8 1999 Blockade of chemokine receptor-mediated signaling by pertussis toxin perturbed the normal distribution of SP cells and resulted in the accumulation of SP cells in the cortex. sp 151-153 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 12-30 10408247-1 1999 The density of 5-HT2A binding sites in the brain of Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) and nonpreferring (sNP) rats was evaluated, using [3H]ketanserin for quantitative autoradiography. sp 82-84 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A Rattus norvegicus 15-21 10408247-6 1999 These results indicate a different density of 5-HT2A binding sites, and a different functional regulation of 5-HT2A receptor mechanisms in discrete brain areas of sP, in comparison to sNP rats. sp 163-165 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A Canis lupus familiaris 109-124 9838044-6 1998 The ND of GAD67-IR neurons was largest in the SP of the CA1 region at the dorsal level (13.5+/-0.9x103/mm3), and smallest in the molecular layer (ML) of the dentate gyrus (DG) at the dorsal level (1.7+/-0.2x103/mm3). sp 46-48 carbonic anhydrase 1 Mus musculus 56-59 9838044-12 1998 The mean cell size of GAD67-IR neurons was largest in the SP of the CA3 region at the ventral level (180.7+/-8.7 microm2), and smallest in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare (SLM) of the CA3 region at the dorsal level (115.9+/-7.9 microm2). sp 58-60 carbonic anhydrase 3 Mus musculus 68-71 9302254-3 1997 In the Sp-delayed mouse, a mutation in the Pax-3 paired domain (G9R) abrogates the DNA-binding activity of both the paired domain and the homeodomain, suggesting that they may functionally interact. sp 7-9 paired box 3 Mus musculus 43-48 9726391-12 1998 This adaptation to ASA was accompanied by approximately a 90% reduction in prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis, by a significant rise in BrdU uptake by glandular cells predominantly in the neck region of gastric glands and by expression of SP (SP/beta-actin ratio; 0.96 +/- 0.08 in ASA-adapted mucosa vs. 0.38 +/- 0.05 in the control mucosa) and TGF alpha (TGF alpha/beta-actin ratio: 0.97 +/- 0.07 in ASA-adapted mucosa vs. 0.77 +/- 0.06 in the control mucosa). sp 234-236 actin, beta Rattus norvegicus 241-251 9726391-12 1998 This adaptation to ASA was accompanied by approximately a 90% reduction in prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis, by a significant rise in BrdU uptake by glandular cells predominantly in the neck region of gastric glands and by expression of SP (SP/beta-actin ratio; 0.96 +/- 0.08 in ASA-adapted mucosa vs. 0.38 +/- 0.05 in the control mucosa) and TGF alpha (TGF alpha/beta-actin ratio: 0.97 +/- 0.07 in ASA-adapted mucosa vs. 0.77 +/- 0.06 in the control mucosa). sp 234-236 transforming growth factor alpha Rattus norvegicus 340-349 9726391-12 1998 This adaptation to ASA was accompanied by approximately a 90% reduction in prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis, by a significant rise in BrdU uptake by glandular cells predominantly in the neck region of gastric glands and by expression of SP (SP/beta-actin ratio; 0.96 +/- 0.08 in ASA-adapted mucosa vs. 0.38 +/- 0.05 in the control mucosa) and TGF alpha (TGF alpha/beta-actin ratio: 0.97 +/- 0.07 in ASA-adapted mucosa vs. 0.77 +/- 0.06 in the control mucosa). sp 234-236 transforming growth factor alpha Rattus norvegicus 351-360 9726391-12 1998 This adaptation to ASA was accompanied by approximately a 90% reduction in prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis, by a significant rise in BrdU uptake by glandular cells predominantly in the neck region of gastric glands and by expression of SP (SP/beta-actin ratio; 0.96 +/- 0.08 in ASA-adapted mucosa vs. 0.38 +/- 0.05 in the control mucosa) and TGF alpha (TGF alpha/beta-actin ratio: 0.97 +/- 0.07 in ASA-adapted mucosa vs. 0.77 +/- 0.06 in the control mucosa). sp 234-236 actin, beta Rattus norvegicus 361-371 9578118-9 1998 People not fulfilling all SP criteria are characterised by a lower level of IL2 in the sera. sp 26-28 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 76-79 9782318-3 1998 Single positive (SP) CD4+ or CD8+ cells strongly increased in the liver. sp 17-19 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 21-24 9335366-7 1997 We concluded that the SP circuit is superior to the RC one because of the lesser production of BK and thus lesser fluctuation of perfusion pressure. sp 22-24 kininogen 1 Homo sapiens 95-97 9566474-4 1998 These results suggest that the cannabinoid CB1 receptor is involved in the mediation of the ethanol-reinforcing effects in sP rats. sp 123-125 cannabinoid receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 43-46 10681761-8 1998 (3) After AMs were stimulated by GM-CSF, the activities of NO, TNF alpha, and SOD were increased and that of sIL-2R was decreased in SP. sp 133-135 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 33-39 9402049-20 1997 The present findings indicate that SP and NKA are likely involved in the preferential activation of NK1 and NK2 receptors during tachykininergi sp 35-37 tachykinin receptor 1 Homo sapiens 100-103 9402049-20 1997 The present findings indicate that SP and NKA are likely involved in the preferential activation of NK1 and NK2 receptors during tachykininergi sp 35-37 tachykinin receptor 2 Homo sapiens 108-111 9295210-9 1997 The NDs in the SP of the CA1 and CA3 regions showed a significant dorsoventral difference. sp 15-17 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 25-28 9295210-9 1997 The NDs in the SP of the CA1 and CA3 regions showed a significant dorsoventral difference. sp 15-17 carbonic anhydrase 3 Rattus norvegicus 33-36 8996250-6 1997 Strikingly, these SP are arrested in the CD1a+ stage and could not be expanded in vitro with PHA and IL-2. sp 18-20 CD1a molecule Homo sapiens 41-45 9166429-6 1997 Correlation with CD4 and CD8 levels suggests that 9-O-acetylation appears as an early differentiation marker as cells mature from the DP to the CD4 SP phenotype. sp 148-150 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 144-147 11671718-6 1997 The syn-periplanar (sp) or anti-periplanar (ap) structures were assigned either by means of difference NOE experiments or by taking advantage of the H-8 chemical shifts which are vastly different in the two atropisomers. sp 20-22 synemin Homo sapiens 4-7 9103437-3 1997 We show that sorted CD69- CD4+8+ DP preselection thymocytes cultured in fetal thymus lobes of normal mice were subject to positive selection and differentiated to CD3(high) CD69+, mature CD8 SP, and CD4 SP cells. sp 191-193 CD69 antigen Mus musculus 20-24 9103437-3 1997 We show that sorted CD69- CD4+8+ DP preselection thymocytes cultured in fetal thymus lobes of normal mice were subject to positive selection and differentiated to CD3(high) CD69+, mature CD8 SP, and CD4 SP cells. sp 203-205 CD69 antigen Mus musculus 20-24 9016884-3 1997 To study this question in unmanipulated in vivo differentiation, we developed a four-color flow cytometry protocol which identifies a recently activated TCRintCD69pos thymocyte population containing DP cells and early CD4 SP cells but no CD8 SP cells. sp 222-224 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 218-221 9295041-1 1997 Thymocytes with a CD4(hi)CD8(lo) coreceptor-skewed (CRS) phenotype have been shown to contain precursors for CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocytes, in addition to precursors for CD4 SP cells. sp 130-132 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 18-21 9181108-4 1996 HAL ic significantly decreased (P < 0.05) CI (mean frequency +/- SEM: 0.5 +/- 0.16) and nonsignificantly decreased SP behavior (0.6 +/- 0.17) compared to SAL ic (CI: 0.9 0.02, SP: 1 +/- 0). sp 118-120 histidine ammonia lyase Rattus norvegicus 0-3 8988040-1 1997 [D-Arg1,D-Trp5,7,9,Leu11]Substance P (SP) was identified out of a panel of novel SP analogues as the most potent inhibitor of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell growth. sp 38-40 arginase 1 Homo sapiens 3-7 8988040-1 1997 [D-Arg1,D-Trp5,7,9,Leu11]Substance P (SP) was identified out of a panel of novel SP analogues as the most potent inhibitor of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell growth. sp 38-40 tachykinin precursor 1 Homo sapiens 25-36 8988040-1 1997 [D-Arg1,D-Trp5,7,9,Leu11]Substance P (SP) was identified out of a panel of novel SP analogues as the most potent inhibitor of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell growth. sp 81-83 tachykinin precursor 1 Homo sapiens 25-36 8988040-3 1997 Colony formation stimulated by multiple neuropeptides, including vasopressin and bradykinin, was also blocked by [D-Arg1,D-Trp5,7,9,Leu11]SP. sp 138-140 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 65-76 8988040-3 1997 Colony formation stimulated by multiple neuropeptides, including vasopressin and bradykinin, was also blocked by [D-Arg1,D-Trp5,7,9,Leu11]SP. sp 138-140 kininogen 1 Homo sapiens 81-91 8988040-3 1997 Colony formation stimulated by multiple neuropeptides, including vasopressin and bradykinin, was also blocked by [D-Arg1,D-Trp5,7,9,Leu11]SP. sp 138-140 arginase 1 Homo sapiens 116-120 8988040-4 1997 This new SP analogue inhibited vasopressin- or bradykinin-induced Ca2+ mobilization and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. sp 9-11 arginine vasopressin Homo sapiens 31-43 8988040-4 1997 This new SP analogue inhibited vasopressin- or bradykinin-induced Ca2+ mobilization and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. sp 9-11 kininogen 1 Homo sapiens 47-57 8959245-3 1996 The class I molecule HLA-B*57 has been identified as one restriction element overrepresented in SP groups studied, and, together with the closely related molecule HLA-B*58, occurs commonly in ethnic groups where HIV is most prevalent. sp 96-98 major histocompatibility complex, class I, B Homo sapiens 21-26 8959245-4 1996 In this study, we have identified five new HLA-B*57-restricted CTL epitopes recognized by SP donors, one of which is also HLA-B*5801 restricted. sp 90-92 major histocompatibility complex, class I, B Homo sapiens 43-48 8959245-4 1996 In this study, we have identified five new HLA-B*57-restricted CTL epitopes recognized by SP donors, one of which is also HLA-B*5801 restricted. sp 90-92 major histocompatibility complex, class I, B Homo sapiens 122-127 8982105-1 1996 We have investigated the effects of SP on the constitutive and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) in both freshly isolated cord blood monocytes (FICBM) and cord blood monocyte-derived macrophages (CBMDM). sp 36-38 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 113-127 8982105-1 1996 We have investigated the effects of SP on the constitutive and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) in both freshly isolated cord blood monocytes (FICBM) and cord blood monocyte-derived macrophages (CBMDM). sp 36-38 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 129-134 8982105-3 1996 FICBM and CBMDM treated with SP alone increased TNF-alpha secretion. sp 29-31 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 48-57 8982105-4 1996 The stimulatory effects of SP on TNF-alpha secretion are inhibited by a anti-SP polyclonal antibody and SP antagonists, spantide ([D-Arg-1-D-Trp-7-D-Trp-9-Leu-11]-SP) and CP-96,345 (a nonpeptide antagonist of the SP receptor). sp 27-29 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 33-42 8982105-4 1996 The stimulatory effects of SP on TNF-alpha secretion are inhibited by a anti-SP polyclonal antibody and SP antagonists, spantide ([D-Arg-1-D-Trp-7-D-Trp-9-Leu-11]-SP) and CP-96,345 (a nonpeptide antagonist of the SP receptor). sp 77-79 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 33-42 8982105-5 1996 Although the treatment with SP alone did not enhance IL-10 secretion by both freshly isolated and cultured cord monocytes, treatment with SP in combination with LPS leads to a synergistic interaction in upregulation of IL-10 secretion. sp 138-140 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 219-224 8982105-7 1996 SP reverses the inhibitory effect of IFN-gamma on LPS-induced IL-10 secretion by FICBM. sp 0-2 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 37-46 8982105-7 1996 SP reverses the inhibitory effect of IFN-gamma on LPS-induced IL-10 secretion by FICBM. sp 0-2 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 62-67 8982105-8 1996 In addition, the two SP antagonists and the anti-SP polyclonal antibody blocked the SP effect on IL-10 secretion by FICBM, indicating that these effects are specific and SP receptor mediated. sp 21-23 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 97-102 8982105-8 1996 In addition, the two SP antagonists and the anti-SP polyclonal antibody blocked the SP effect on IL-10 secretion by FICBM, indicating that these effects are specific and SP receptor mediated. sp 49-51 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 97-102 8769478-7 1996 DPint c-kit+ maturation to SP cells can occur in <12 hr in vitro on thymic stromal monolayers. sp 27-29 KIT proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase Mus musculus 6-11 8967504-11 1996 TNF-alpha-mediated decrease in SP gene expression may contribute to the surfactant dysfunction and atelectasis observed in inflammatory lung diseases. sp 31-33 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 0-9 7473161-5 1995 LY303870 antagonized in vitro NK-1 receptor effects as demonstrated by blockade of SP-stimulated phosphoinositide turnover in UC-11 MG human astrocytoma cells (Ki = 1.5 nM) and interleukin-6 secretion from U-373 MG human astrocytoma cells (Ki = 5 nM). sp 83-85 tachykinin receptor 1 Homo sapiens 30-43 8671615-7 1996 We found that pretreatment of DP thymocytes with ionomycin and PMA followed by 1 day culture of the cells without the reagents resulted in the differentiation of the cells into CD4 SP and CD4+ CD8lo T cells that have mostly committed to the CD4 lineage. sp 181-183 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 177-180 8778040-8 1996 In contrast, CD4/CD8 DP lymphocytes were absent from the palatine tonsils of 3-day-old swine, which only contained CD4 SP cells. sp 119-121 CD4 molecule Sus scrofa 13-16 8624897-1 1996 OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a short protocol (SP) of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) administration in patients who already had undergone at least one in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) treatment cycle with the long protocol (LP) and had shown poor results. sp 63-65 gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 Homo sapiens 70-100 7586675-5 1995 For all five HTLV-I-infected persons whose mononuclear cell cultures were SLP+, only CD45RO+ cells, but not CD45RO- cells, within CD4 and CD8 subsets showed SP. sp 157-159 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 85-88 7586675-6 1995 In contrast, five of six SLP+ HTLV-II+ individuals showed SP in both the CD45RO+ and the CD45RO- subsets of CD4 cells, and 10 of 12 SLP+ HTLV-II+ individuals showed SP of both the CD45RO+ and CD45RO- subsets of CD8 cells. sp 58-60 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 73-76 7586675-8 1995 These findings show that SP of both CD4 and CD8 cells in HTLV-I infection is usually restricted to CD45RO+ memory cells, whereas in HTLV-II infection, both CD45RO+ memory and CD45RO- naive subsets of CD4 and CD8 cells may exhibit SP. sp 25-27 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 36-39 7586675-8 1995 These findings show that SP of both CD4 and CD8 cells in HTLV-I infection is usually restricted to CD45RO+ memory cells, whereas in HTLV-II infection, both CD45RO+ memory and CD45RO- naive subsets of CD4 and CD8 cells may exhibit SP. sp 25-27 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 44-47 7586675-8 1995 These findings show that SP of both CD4 and CD8 cells in HTLV-I infection is usually restricted to CD45RO+ memory cells, whereas in HTLV-II infection, both CD45RO+ memory and CD45RO- naive subsets of CD4 and CD8 cells may exhibit SP. sp 25-27 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 7586675-8 1995 These findings show that SP of both CD4 and CD8 cells in HTLV-I infection is usually restricted to CD45RO+ memory cells, whereas in HTLV-II infection, both CD45RO+ memory and CD45RO- naive subsets of CD4 and CD8 cells may exhibit SP. sp 25-27 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 208-211 7473161-5 1995 LY303870 antagonized in vitro NK-1 receptor effects as demonstrated by blockade of SP-stimulated phosphoinositide turnover in UC-11 MG human astrocytoma cells (Ki = 1.5 nM) and interleukin-6 secretion from U-373 MG human astrocytoma cells (Ki = 5 nM). sp 83-85 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 177-190 7558252-6 1995 Compared to control medium, GCF from SP and MP sites was able to induce an activation status in PMN evidenced by an increased CD11b (62 +/- 9% and 28 +/- 7%, respectively) and f-Met-Leu-Phe (56 +/- 5% and 31 +/- 7%, respectively) receptor expression, with a concomitant reduction of CD62L expression (56 +/- 8% and 23 +/- 7%, respectively). sp 37-39 GC-rich sequence DNA-binding factor 2 Homo sapiens 28-31 7558252-6 1995 Compared to control medium, GCF from SP and MP sites was able to induce an activation status in PMN evidenced by an increased CD11b (62 +/- 9% and 28 +/- 7%, respectively) and f-Met-Leu-Phe (56 +/- 5% and 31 +/- 7%, respectively) receptor expression, with a concomitant reduction of CD62L expression (56 +/- 8% and 23 +/- 7%, respectively). sp 37-39 integrin subunit alpha M Homo sapiens 126-131 7558252-6 1995 Compared to control medium, GCF from SP and MP sites was able to induce an activation status in PMN evidenced by an increased CD11b (62 +/- 9% and 28 +/- 7%, respectively) and f-Met-Leu-Phe (56 +/- 5% and 31 +/- 7%, respectively) receptor expression, with a concomitant reduction of CD62L expression (56 +/- 8% and 23 +/- 7%, respectively). sp 37-39 selectin L Homo sapiens 283-288 7558252-7 1995 Thus, reflecting the clinical status, GCF from SP sites was significantly more efficient in affecting PMN than GCF from MP sites. sp 47-49 GC-rich sequence DNA-binding factor 2 Homo sapiens 38-41 7558252-7 1995 Thus, reflecting the clinical status, GCF from SP sites was significantly more efficient in affecting PMN than GCF from MP sites. sp 47-49 GC-rich sequence DNA-binding factor 2 Homo sapiens 111-114 7543347-3 1995 Cp and alpha 2-MG showed the greatest average increase in apparent SP, about five times the values for OA joints. sp 67-69 alpha-2-macroglobulin Homo sapiens 7-17 7543347-5 1995 Although the values for the small proteins alpha 1-AGP and alpha 1-AT were greater in RA joints, more intense inflammation resulted in a greater increase in apparent SP to larger proteins, so that the apparent SP for alpha 2-MG and Cp are more reliable for evaluating disease activity. sp 210-212 alpha-2-macroglobulin Homo sapiens 217-227 7545517-11 1995 Activation of the NK1 or NK2 receptor by the selective agonists, [Sar9]substance P (SP) sulphone and [beta Ala8]neurokinin A (NKA) (4-10), respectively (0.3 microM each), produced depolarization, action potentials and contractions. sp 84-86 substance-K receptor Cavia porcellus 25-37 7865461-3 1994 Here we report that TdT0 mice contain elevated numbers of CD3hi single-positive (SP) thymocytes because more thymocytes make the transition from the immature double-positive to the mature SP stage. sp 81-83 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 58-61 7803485-5 1994 The CD4+ and CD8+ single positive (SP) and CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) subsets, in the low-density subpopulation in particular, were most resistant to the Dex-mediated depletion, thus giving rise to an enrichment of SP (2-fold) and particularly DN subset in the medium- and low-density populations (5-fold) recovered. sp 35-37 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 4-7 7803485-5 1994 The CD4+ and CD8+ single positive (SP) and CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) subsets, in the low-density subpopulation in particular, were most resistant to the Dex-mediated depletion, thus giving rise to an enrichment of SP (2-fold) and particularly DN subset in the medium- and low-density populations (5-fold) recovered. sp 218-220 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 4-7 7675945-2 1995 There exists an intense, mutual anatomical connection between the SP and the subthalamic nucleus and the adjoining lateral hypothalamic area (STH). sp 66-68 saitohin Homo sapiens 142-145 7675945-4 1995 Once this turned out to be true (see below), it was investigated whether the SP-specific OFD is funneled via the STH, or vice versa. sp 77-79 saitohin Homo sapiens 113-116 7675945-8 1995 In addition, it was found that OFD elicited by local injections of picrotoxin (250 ng) into the STH was significantly attenuated by SP injections of the broad spectrum glutamate antagonist kynurenic acid in a dose (1000 ng) which itself was ineffective, but not by muscimol (100 ng), indicating that the STH-elicited OFD needs an intact and functioning glutaminergic, but not GABAergic, transmission process in the SP for its expression. sp 132-134 saitohin Homo sapiens 96-99 7675945-8 1995 In addition, it was found that OFD elicited by local injections of picrotoxin (250 ng) into the STH was significantly attenuated by SP injections of the broad spectrum glutamate antagonist kynurenic acid in a dose (1000 ng) which itself was ineffective, but not by muscimol (100 ng), indicating that the STH-elicited OFD needs an intact and functioning glutaminergic, but not GABAergic, transmission process in the SP for its expression. sp 132-134 saitohin Homo sapiens 304-307 7675945-8 1995 In addition, it was found that OFD elicited by local injections of picrotoxin (250 ng) into the STH was significantly attenuated by SP injections of the broad spectrum glutamate antagonist kynurenic acid in a dose (1000 ng) which itself was ineffective, but not by muscimol (100 ng), indicating that the STH-elicited OFD needs an intact and functioning glutaminergic, but not GABAergic, transmission process in the SP for its expression. sp 415-417 saitohin Homo sapiens 96-99 7731966-2 1995 Of five Sp alleles, Splotch-delayed (Spd) is the only one that encodes a full-length Pax-3 protein, containing a single glycine-to-arginine substitution within the paired domain. sp 8-10 paired box 3 Mus musculus 20-27 7731966-2 1995 Of five Sp alleles, Splotch-delayed (Spd) is the only one that encodes a full-length Pax-3 protein, containing a single glycine-to-arginine substitution within the paired domain. sp 8-10 paired box 3 Mus musculus 85-90 8521138-4 1995 However, in rats subjected to the surgery at day 7, a significant decrease in the proportion of CD4+CD8+ double-positive cells was found, in parallel with a proportional increase in the percentage of CD4+CD8- single-positive (SP) cells. sp 226-228 Cd4 molecule Rattus norvegicus 200-203 7517425-7 1994 With regard to the functional specificity of tolerance induction, lymph node T cells derived from either GP-MBP-SP- or GP-68-86-SP-treated animals exhibited a marked reduction in both proliferation and production of Th1-derived cytokines (IL-2, IFN-gamma, and lymphotoxin/TNF-alpha) in response to either GP-MBP or GP-68-86 in culture. sp 112-114 myelin basic protein Rattus norvegicus 108-111 8161803-14 1994 Mice treated with TBI + D0 SP developed the most severe acute GVHD and had the highest levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, and IL-6. sp 27-29 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 97-106 8161803-14 1994 Mice treated with TBI + D0 SP developed the most severe acute GVHD and had the highest levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, and IL-6. sp 27-29 interleukin 1 alpha Mus musculus 108-118 8161803-14 1994 Mice treated with TBI + D0 SP developed the most severe acute GVHD and had the highest levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha, and IL-6. sp 27-29 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 124-128 7511929-8 1994 Both single-positive (SP) subsets were largely Fas+ (CD8 SP < CD4 SP) but expressed lower levels of Fas than DP cells. sp 22-24 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 65-68 8125138-13 1994 The generation of the CD3-SP under the influence of RAPA could be used as a useful model for further study of the function and signal transduction of these CD3-defective SP cells. sp 26-28 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 22-25 8125138-13 1994 The generation of the CD3-SP under the influence of RAPA could be used as a useful model for further study of the function and signal transduction of these CD3-defective SP cells. sp 26-28 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 156-159 8171056-3 1994 SP induced a significant depression in IGF-1 concentrations which PX partially prevented. sp 0-2 insulin-like growth factor I Mesocricetus auratus 39-44 8171056-10 1994 In conclusion, SP treatment depresses IGF-1 in female hamsters and raises it in males. sp 15-17 insulin-like growth factor I Mesocricetus auratus 38-43 8174307-4 1994 The aim of this study was to assess the value of tone-pip stimuli for measurement of the SP component in patients with suspected Meniere"s disease. sp 89-91 prolactin induced protein Homo sapiens 54-57 8174307-10 1994 There were four patients (10%) with an enhanced tone-pip %SP when the click %SP was within normal limits. sp 58-60 prolactin induced protein Homo sapiens 53-56 8174307-10 1994 There were four patients (10%) with an enhanced tone-pip %SP when the click %SP was within normal limits. sp 77-79 prolactin induced protein Homo sapiens 53-56 8015858-6 1994 In contrast, trypomastigotes exerted a stimulatory activity on the mitogen-induced IFN-gamma response of both SP and LN cells. sp 110-112 interferon gamma Mus musculus 83-92 8295337-11 1993 Therefore, the FAB subtype of AML including MDS and CML could be distinguished from each other on the basis of SP pattern. sp 111-113 FA complementation group B Homo sapiens 15-18 7997802-2 1994 c-myc expressions were detected in EM, uterine myometrium (MM) and uterine leiomyoma (LM) without any cyclic change; fos expressions in LM, MM, and EM were detectable in PP, but not in SP. sp 185-187 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 117-120 8409382-8 1993 The thymocyte CD4-CD8 phenotype after 72-h cultures showed that TNF decreased mainly double negative (DN) and single positive (SP) subsets, whereas IL-6 with low or high PHA increased DN and SP, especially the SP CD8+ subset. sp 127-129 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 64-67 8409382-8 1993 The thymocyte CD4-CD8 phenotype after 72-h cultures showed that TNF decreased mainly double negative (DN) and single positive (SP) subsets, whereas IL-6 with low or high PHA increased DN and SP, especially the SP CD8+ subset. sp 191-193 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 148-152 7693641-9 1993 Expression in the SV and SP was first noted at E-20 and reached adult levels by P-16 and P-10, respectively. sp 25-27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A Rattus norvegicus 80-84 8275849-0 1993 Interaction between splotch (Sp) and curly tail (ct) mouse mutants in the embryonic development of neural tube defects. sp 29-31 paired box 3 Mus musculus 20-27 8406487-2 1993 Recently, we have described alterations in the Pax-3 gene for the radiation-induced Spr and Sp2H alleles and for the original, spontaneously arising Sp allele. sp 84-86 paired box 3 Mus musculus 47-52 8096236-2 1993 Here we show that Fc gamma RII/III is expressed in very immature CD4low single-positive (SP) thymocytes and that Fc gamma RII/III expression is downregulated within the DN subpopulation and before the CD3-CD8low SP stage in T cell receptor (TCR)-alpha/beta lineage-committed thymocytes. sp 89-91 Fc receptor, IgG, low affinity IIb Mus musculus 18-34 8465813-5 1993 The activity of plasma renin (3.0 +/- 0.5 ng/mL/min on SP v 1.1 +/- 0.1 ng/mL/min on LP) was significantly (P < 0.02) lower on LP intake. sp 55-57 renin Rattus norvegicus 23-28 8465813-6 1993 In contrast, glomerular renin content (22.9 +/- 0.7 ng/micrograms protein on SP v 32.3 +/- 1.4 ng/micrograms protein on LP) was significantly (P < 0.01) higher on the LP diet. sp 77-79 renin Rattus norvegicus 24-29 8465813-7 1993 Furthermore, renin secretion (ng/mL/h) from the isolated glomeruli at baseline (3.9 +/- 1.0 on SP v 12.5 +/- 3.0 on LP, P < 0.02), and following incubation with arachidonic acid 10(-5) mol/L (5.9 +/- 1.7 on SP v 19.6 +/- 3.1 on LP, P < 0.005), and isoproterenol 10(-3) mol/L (6.0 +/- 0.5 on SP v 17.3 +/- 3.3 on LP, P < 0.01) was significantly higher on the LP diet. sp 95-97 renin Rattus norvegicus 13-18 8465813-7 1993 Furthermore, renin secretion (ng/mL/h) from the isolated glomeruli at baseline (3.9 +/- 1.0 on SP v 12.5 +/- 3.0 on LP, P < 0.02), and following incubation with arachidonic acid 10(-5) mol/L (5.9 +/- 1.7 on SP v 19.6 +/- 3.1 on LP, P < 0.005), and isoproterenol 10(-3) mol/L (6.0 +/- 0.5 on SP v 17.3 +/- 3.3 on LP, P < 0.01) was significantly higher on the LP diet. sp 210-212 renin Rattus norvegicus 13-18 8465813-7 1993 Furthermore, renin secretion (ng/mL/h) from the isolated glomeruli at baseline (3.9 +/- 1.0 on SP v 12.5 +/- 3.0 on LP, P < 0.02), and following incubation with arachidonic acid 10(-5) mol/L (5.9 +/- 1.7 on SP v 19.6 +/- 3.1 on LP, P < 0.005), and isoproterenol 10(-3) mol/L (6.0 +/- 0.5 on SP v 17.3 +/- 3.3 on LP, P < 0.01) was significantly higher on the LP diet. sp 210-212 renin Rattus norvegicus 13-18 8494827-6 1993 These data suggest that the alternation of CD4/CD8 expression from DP to SP is dependent on PKC activation. sp 73-75 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 43-46 8494827-6 1993 These data suggest that the alternation of CD4/CD8 expression from DP to SP is dependent on PKC activation. sp 73-75 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 47-50 8494827-10 1993 CsA may block the transition from DP to SP by inhibition of CD4/CD8 down-regulation induced by PKC activation. sp 40-42 ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit Homo sapiens 0-3 8494827-10 1993 CsA may block the transition from DP to SP by inhibition of CD4/CD8 down-regulation induced by PKC activation. sp 40-42 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 60-63 8494827-10 1993 CsA may block the transition from DP to SP by inhibition of CD4/CD8 down-regulation induced by PKC activation. sp 40-42 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 64-67 8096236-2 1993 Here we show that Fc gamma RII/III is expressed in very immature CD4low single-positive (SP) thymocytes and that Fc gamma RII/III expression is downregulated within the DN subpopulation and before the CD3-CD8low SP stage in T cell receptor (TCR)-alpha/beta lineage-committed thymocytes. sp 89-91 Fc receptor, IgG, low affinity IIb Mus musculus 18-30 8385051-2 1993 Whereas the amount of fusion protein produced by each of the constructs did not vary significantly, the secretion efficiency of the fusion protein that carried the SP of the prepro-alpha-factor (MF alpha 1) was consistently found to be about 10% higher than that of the other fusions (99% vs. 90%). sp 164-166 Mf(Alpha)1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 195-205 8421686-4 1993 A complex mutation in the Pax-3 gene including an A-->T transversion at the invariant 3" AG splice acceptor of intron 3 was identified in the Sp/Sp mutant. sp 145-147 paired box 3 Mus musculus 26-31 8421686-4 1993 A complex mutation in the Pax-3 gene including an A-->T transversion at the invariant 3" AG splice acceptor of intron 3 was identified in the Sp/Sp mutant. sp 148-150 paired box 3 Mus musculus 26-31 1355430-6 1992 The transition of SP (CD45RC-) thymocytes to fully mature CD45RC+ CD4 T cells via intermediate peripheral RTE was accompanied at each stage by an increased ability of the maturing T cells to induce skin allograft rejection. sp 18-20 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 22-25 8096697-4 1993 During ischemia (4-vessel occlusion, 20 min), the [Ca2+]ec decrease in SR preceded (by 11 +/- 4 s; mean +/- SEM) the [Ca2+]ec decrease in SP. sp 138-140 carbonic anhydrase 2 Rattus norvegicus 51-54 8096697-4 1993 During ischemia (4-vessel occlusion, 20 min), the [Ca2+]ec decrease in SR preceded (by 11 +/- 4 s; mean +/- SEM) the [Ca2+]ec decrease in SP. sp 138-140 carbonic anhydrase 2 Rattus norvegicus 118-121 1457206-1 1992 Sulfated polyesters (SP) that inhibit HIV infection interact with both the gp120 binding region of CD4 molecules and with the v3 domain loop of gp120 molecules (gp120/v3) but the contributions of these interactions to the inhibition of HIV env-mediated fusion are presently unclear. sp 21-23 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 75-80 1457206-1 1992 Sulfated polyesters (SP) that inhibit HIV infection interact with both the gp120 binding region of CD4 molecules and with the v3 domain loop of gp120 molecules (gp120/v3) but the contributions of these interactions to the inhibition of HIV env-mediated fusion are presently unclear. sp 21-23 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 1457206-1 1992 Sulfated polyesters (SP) that inhibit HIV infection interact with both the gp120 binding region of CD4 molecules and with the v3 domain loop of gp120 molecules (gp120/v3) but the contributions of these interactions to the inhibition of HIV env-mediated fusion are presently unclear. sp 21-23 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 144-149 1457206-1 1992 Sulfated polyesters (SP) that inhibit HIV infection interact with both the gp120 binding region of CD4 molecules and with the v3 domain loop of gp120 molecules (gp120/v3) but the contributions of these interactions to the inhibition of HIV env-mediated fusion are presently unclear. sp 21-23 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 161-170 1457206-2 1992 In order to characterize the molecular mechanisms by which SP inhibit HIV env-mediated fusion, we studied the effect of SP treatment on env-mediated fusion of CD4+ cells driven by recombinant vaccinia virus (vPE-16) and on the binding of anti-HIV MAbs to cellular gp120 or purified, rgp120. sp 120-122 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 159-162 1457206-4 1992 In addition, SP interacted with the v3 loop of gp120 to inhibit the binding of the neutralizing MAb 9284 but not the binding of 9305, a neutralizing anti-gp120/v3 MAb that binds to an adjacent epitope. sp 13-15 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 47-52 1457206-5 1992 Because SP are polyanions, we compared the chemical properties of the SP-gp120/v3 and SP-CD4 interactions. sp 70-72 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 73-78 1457206-6 1992 Whereas the ability of SP to inhibit the binding of MAb 9284 and rgp120 was relatively independent of NaCl concentrations, the ability of SP to interfere with rCD4-rgp120 binding depended on the NaCl concentration and was maximal at low NaCl concentrations. sp 138-140 Cd4 molecule Rattus norvegicus 159-163 1457206-7 1992 In addition, the SP-gp120 interaction was found to be reversible, in contrast to the SP-rCD4 interaction which was previously shown to be relatively irreversible at low salt. sp 17-19 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 20-25 1457206-7 1992 In addition, the SP-gp120 interaction was found to be reversible, in contrast to the SP-rCD4 interaction which was previously shown to be relatively irreversible at low salt. sp 85-87 Cd4 molecule Rattus norvegicus 88-92 1457206-8 1992 These data are consistent with the notions that the interaction of SP with CD4 is primarily electrostatic, but that the interaction of SP with gp120 has complex characteristics that implicate a role for protein conformation. sp 67-69 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 75-78 1457206-8 1992 These data are consistent with the notions that the interaction of SP with CD4 is primarily electrostatic, but that the interaction of SP with gp120 has complex characteristics that implicate a role for protein conformation. sp 135-137 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 143-148 1819647-6 1991 The activity of plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was greatly increased in rats fed SP diet. sp 101-103 lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 23-59 1372967-4 1992 High-affinity SP binding was blocked by the inclusion of 0.5 uM of the NK1 receptor selective ligand septide in the binding mixture. sp 14-16 tachykinin receptor 1 Mus musculus 71-83 1372967-6 1992 At concentrations in the nanomolar range, the NK1 preferring agonists SP, SP methylester and physalaemin evoked less than or equal to 5% net release of histamine, which was substantially less than the maximum effect of NKA (+37%) in the micromolar range. sp 70-72 tachykinin 1 Mus musculus 46-49 1372967-6 1992 At concentrations in the nanomolar range, the NK1 preferring agonists SP, SP methylester and physalaemin evoked less than or equal to 5% net release of histamine, which was substantially less than the maximum effect of NKA (+37%) in the micromolar range. sp 70-72 tachykinin 2 Mus musculus 219-222 1372967-6 1992 At concentrations in the nanomolar range, the NK1 preferring agonists SP, SP methylester and physalaemin evoked less than or equal to 5% net release of histamine, which was substantially less than the maximum effect of NKA (+37%) in the micromolar range. sp 74-76 tachykinin 1 Mus musculus 46-49 1535784-2 1992 CD3high CD4 SP cells were deleted in the presence of Mls-1a and were cortisone resistant, whereas CD3low CD4 SP cells were not deleted in the presence of Mls-1a and were cortisone sensitive. sp 12-14 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 0-3 1535784-3 1992 Intravenous transfer of CD3low CD4 SP cells into nude mice resulted in significant peripheral expansion of these cells with apparent upregulation of CD3. sp 35-37 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 24-27 1535784-3 1992 Intravenous transfer of CD3low CD4 SP cells into nude mice resulted in significant peripheral expansion of these cells with apparent upregulation of CD3. sp 35-37 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 31-34 1535784-3 1992 Intravenous transfer of CD3low CD4 SP cells into nude mice resulted in significant peripheral expansion of these cells with apparent upregulation of CD3. sp 35-37 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 149-152 1819647-6 1991 The activity of plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was greatly increased in rats fed SP diet. sp 101-103 lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 61-65 2380554-7 1990 In fact, DXS-500 kDa exhibited an hierarchy of inhibition of anti-CD4 mAb which suggests that SP bind to a conformational site incorporating the first two Ig-like domains of CD4. sp 94-96 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 66-69 1686065-7 1991 The mechanism of enhancement in the presence of Fe-NTA of [3H]HAL and [3H]SP binding is unknown and may be unique, but may be related to the known increase in D2 receptor ligand affinity in the presence of other multivalent cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+). sp 74-76 dopamine receptor D2 Mus musculus 159-170 1824568-3 1991 Results showed that SP compared to SN manifested the expected elevation in calculated [CD3 - (CD4 + CD8)] cells (87 vs 28 cells/mm3; P less than 0.001). sp 20-22 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 94-97 1824568-3 1991 Results showed that SP compared to SN manifested the expected elevation in calculated [CD3 - (CD4 + CD8)] cells (87 vs 28 cells/mm3; P less than 0.001). sp 20-22 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 100-103 1821845-7 1991 Further characterization using immunoblot analysis revealed that Sp mutants have an altered N-CAM polypeptide profile. sp 65-67 neural cell adhesion molecule 1 Mus musculus 92-97 1821845-13 1991 The Sp locus may be involved in post-translational modification of N-CAM. sp 4-6 neural cell adhesion molecule 1 Mus musculus 67-72 1713157-4 1991 In luteal (L-) cell cultures, basal as well as hCG-stimulated P release were dose-dependently inhibited by NPY (ED50, 4 x 10(-9) M; identical for both, basal and stimulated release), while SP had only a moderate inhibitory effect (ED50, 6 x 10(-8) M). sp 189-191 neuropeptide Y Sus scrofa 107-110 2056904-8 1991 In contrast, subjects ingesting SP or TW had significantly elevated (P less than 0.001) concentrations of free fatty acids (range: 1.35-1.74 mmol.l-1) compared with subjects consuming GP (0.35-0.52 mmol.l-1), with no significant change in blood glucose and serum insulin levels over the exercise period. sp 32-34 insulin Homo sapiens 263-270 1824568-5 1991 However, SP had significantly lower numbers of cells expressing the CD56+CD3- phenotype characteristic of natural killer cells (81 vs 170 cells/mm3; P less than 0.001) and significantly higher numbers of T cells expressing the gamma delta T cell receptor (TCR) (81 vs 62 cells/mm3; P = 0.10). sp 9-11 neural cell adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 68-72 2380554-3 1990 To understand the mode of action of these compounds a large panel of SP were examined for their ability to inhibit HIV infection, block anti-CD4 mAb binding and, when immobilized, bind soluble CD4 and virion gp120. sp 69-71 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 141-144 2380554-3 1990 To understand the mode of action of these compounds a large panel of SP were examined for their ability to inhibit HIV infection, block anti-CD4 mAb binding and, when immobilized, bind soluble CD4 and virion gp120. sp 69-71 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 193-196 2380554-3 1990 To understand the mode of action of these compounds a large panel of SP were examined for their ability to inhibit HIV infection, block anti-CD4 mAb binding and, when immobilized, bind soluble CD4 and virion gp120. sp 69-71 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 208-213 2380554-4 1990 Based on anti-CD4 mAb binding-inhibition studies a SP binding site was identified on the CD4 molecule. sp 51-53 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 14-17 2380554-7 1990 In fact, DXS-500 kDa exhibited an hierarchy of inhibition of anti-CD4 mAb which suggests that SP bind to a conformational site incorporating the first two Ig-like domains of CD4. sp 94-96 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 174-177 2380554-4 1990 Based on anti-CD4 mAb binding-inhibition studies a SP binding site was identified on the CD4 molecule. sp 51-53 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 89-92 2380554-8 1990 This SP binding site is clearly distinct but closely associated with the gp120 binding region of CD4. sp 5-7 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 Homo sapiens 73-78 2380554-8 1990 This SP binding site is clearly distinct but closely associated with the gp120 binding region of CD4. sp 5-7 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 97-100 2380554-10 1990 In contrast, many of the SP tested showed some affinity for CD4 based on anti-CD4 mAb blocking studies and binding of soluble CD4 to immobilized SP. sp 25-27 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 60-63 2380554-10 1990 In contrast, many of the SP tested showed some affinity for CD4 based on anti-CD4 mAb blocking studies and binding of soluble CD4 to immobilized SP. sp 25-27 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 78-81 2380554-10 1990 In contrast, many of the SP tested showed some affinity for CD4 based on anti-CD4 mAb blocking studies and binding of soluble CD4 to immobilized SP. sp 25-27 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 78-81 2380554-10 1990 In contrast, many of the SP tested showed some affinity for CD4 based on anti-CD4 mAb blocking studies and binding of soluble CD4 to immobilized SP. sp 145-147 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 60-63 2380554-12 1990 However, with SP such as heparin, fucoidan, the carrageenans, and polyanethole sulfonate, although CD4 blocking may contribute to anti-HIV activity, some other anti-viral mechanism is also operating. sp 14-16 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 2140562-4 1990 The proportion of CD3+ cells in CD4+ SP population derived from donor mice considerably increased between day 12 and 14 after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), and gradually increased thereafter. sp 37-39 CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide Mus musculus 18-21 1689692-7 1990 The human CD4 subset of T cells was then examined by stimulating the cells with SA or SP and measuring the uptake of [3H]thymidine [( 3H]TdR). sp 86-88 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 10-13 2140562-4 1990 The proportion of CD3+ cells in CD4+ SP population derived from donor mice considerably increased between day 12 and 14 after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), and gradually increased thereafter. sp 37-39 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 32-35 2140562-6 1990 The proportion of J11d+ cells in the CD4+ SP thymocytes transiently increased from day 12 to 14 and decreased thereafter, even though almost half of CD4+ SP cells were still dull J11d+ at day 35 after BMT. sp 42-44 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 37-40 34537700-3 2022 The situation becomes more embarrassed when asking a more in-depth question as to the macroecological pattern of SP modulating EP - does this process act with the neighborhood effect common in ecology or any other? sp 113-115 epiregulin Homo sapiens 127-129 1982846-2 1990 We have documented 14 cases of SP in 18 CAPD patients using chlorhexidine in alcohol (ChA) in the connection procedure; 13 died. sp 31-33 transcription factor like 5 Homo sapiens 86-89 1982846-9 1990 We concluded that ChA is the main cause of SP in our patients and continuing CAPD without further exposure to ChA is a better alternative than stopping CAPD in preventing the progression of SP. sp 43-45 transcription factor like 5 Homo sapiens 18-21 1692992-2 1990 The stimulation of insulin release by 1 nM GRP(18-27) was reduced to 24.1% and 15.4% by the prior infusion of 1 microM of [D-Arg1,D-Pro2,D-Trp7,9,Leu11]SP and 10 microM of [D-Phe25]GRP(18-27), respectively. sp 152-154 insulin Canis lupus familiaris 19-26 1692992-2 1990 The stimulation of insulin release by 1 nM GRP(18-27) was reduced to 24.1% and 15.4% by the prior infusion of 1 microM of [D-Arg1,D-Pro2,D-Trp7,9,Leu11]SP and 10 microM of [D-Phe25]GRP(18-27), respectively. sp 152-154 gastrin releasing peptide Canis lupus familiaris 43-46 34537700-10 2022 The first two inferences added the common knowledge of SP modulating EP, while the in-depth question was solved with the last two coherent effects, which compose a new macroecological beyond-neighborhood effect - periconnection. sp 55-57 epiregulin Homo sapiens 69-71 34571152-6 2022 Interestingly, ovarian sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) expression was also upregulated under LP condition along with cell proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen or PCNA), survival (B cell lymphoma-2 or Bcl-2) and gap junction (connexin-43) markers when compared to SP exposed hamsters. sp 263-265 NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 Mesocricetus auratus 23-32 34609776-5 2021 The SP and critical evanescent fields are induced upon excitation through a silver-coated semitransparent coverslip at the SPR and critical angles, respectively. sp 4-6 sepiapterin reductase Homo sapiens 123-126 34678467-12 2022 Collectively, our current and previous experimental results suggest that limb trauma reduces serum peptidase metabolism of SP ex vivo, specifically serum ACE activity. sp 123-125 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 154-157 34887502-5 2021 Resting concentrations of ATP, total adenine nucleotide pool, and ADP/AMP ratio were lowest in the CO group and highest in the SP group. sp 127-129 adenine phosphoribosyltransferase Homo sapiens 70-73 34720529-5 2021 Several studies show that drugs targeting Sp downregulation or NR4A1 antagonists are highly effective inhibitors of Sp/NR4A1-regulated pathways and genes in pancreatic and other cancer cells, and the triterpenoid celastrol is a novel dual-acting agent that targets both Sp TFs and NR4A1. sp 42-44 nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 Homo sapiens 119-124 34678467-8 2022 SP metabolism was less efficient in CRPS and TC patient serum vs human control (HC) serum (p<0.03) suggesting reduced acitivity of the neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and/or the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). sp 0-2 membrane metalloendopeptidase Homo sapiens 135-156 34678467-8 2022 SP metabolism was less efficient in CRPS and TC patient serum vs human control (HC) serum (p<0.03) suggesting reduced acitivity of the neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and/or the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). sp 0-2 membrane metalloendopeptidase Homo sapiens 158-161 34678467-8 2022 SP metabolism was less efficient in CRPS and TC patient serum vs human control (HC) serum (p<0.03) suggesting reduced acitivity of the neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and/or the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). sp 0-2 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 174-203 34678467-8 2022 SP metabolism was less efficient in CRPS and TC patient serum vs human control (HC) serum (p<0.03) suggesting reduced acitivity of the neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and/or the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). sp 0-2 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 205-208 34720529-5 2021 Several studies show that drugs targeting Sp downregulation or NR4A1 antagonists are highly effective inhibitors of Sp/NR4A1-regulated pathways and genes in pancreatic and other cancer cells, and the triterpenoid celastrol is a novel dual-acting agent that targets both Sp TFs and NR4A1. sp 116-118 nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 Homo sapiens 63-68 34720529-5 2021 Several studies show that drugs targeting Sp downregulation or NR4A1 antagonists are highly effective inhibitors of Sp/NR4A1-regulated pathways and genes in pancreatic and other cancer cells, and the triterpenoid celastrol is a novel dual-acting agent that targets both Sp TFs and NR4A1. sp 116-118 nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 Homo sapiens 119-124 34595842-7 2021 By targeting wild type and tumour-specific mutant KRAS alleles using digital PCR, we found that the levels of mutant KRAS DNA were highest in association with LEVs and SEVs early, and with SEVs and SP late in disease progression. sp 198-200 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Homo sapiens 50-54 34903161-7 2021 Examination of the expression profile revealed that the GNAQ expression was low in the estrous females both under LP and SP conditions, but high expression of GNAQ was observed in the anestrous females under LP conditions. sp 121-123 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha Ovis aries 56-60 34447441-7 2021 The activity of SOD and CAT and the concentration of GSH were higher in both AF (12%, 2%, and 15%, respectively) and SP (33%, 10%, and 42%) at the start of the competition period than in the preparatory period, but the concentration of MDA and the activity of CK and LDH was lower (0.8%, 29%, 5% (AF) and 2%, 11%, 5% (SP). sp 117-119 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 16-19 34595842-7 2021 By targeting wild type and tumour-specific mutant KRAS alleles using digital PCR, we found that the levels of mutant KRAS DNA were highest in association with LEVs and SEVs early, and with SEVs and SP late in disease progression. sp 198-200 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Homo sapiens 117-121 34447441-7 2021 The activity of SOD and CAT and the concentration of GSH were higher in both AF (12%, 2%, and 15%, respectively) and SP (33%, 10%, and 42%) at the start of the competition period than in the preparatory period, but the concentration of MDA and the activity of CK and LDH was lower (0.8%, 29%, 5% (AF) and 2%, 11%, 5% (SP). sp 117-119 catalase Homo sapiens 24-27 34447441-7 2021 The activity of SOD and CAT and the concentration of GSH were higher in both AF (12%, 2%, and 15%, respectively) and SP (33%, 10%, and 42%) at the start of the competition period than in the preparatory period, but the concentration of MDA and the activity of CK and LDH was lower (0.8%, 29%, 5% (AF) and 2%, 11%, 5% (SP). sp 117-119 cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1 Homo sapiens 260-270 34447441-7 2021 The activity of SOD and CAT and the concentration of GSH were higher in both AF (12%, 2%, and 15%, respectively) and SP (33%, 10%, and 42%) at the start of the competition period than in the preparatory period, but the concentration of MDA and the activity of CK and LDH was lower (0.8%, 29%, 5% (AF) and 2%, 11%, 5% (SP). sp 318-320 superoxide dismutase 1 Homo sapiens 16-19 34447441-7 2021 The activity of SOD and CAT and the concentration of GSH were higher in both AF (12%, 2%, and 15%, respectively) and SP (33%, 10%, and 42%) at the start of the competition period than in the preparatory period, but the concentration of MDA and the activity of CK and LDH was lower (0.8%, 29%, 5% (AF) and 2%, 11%, 5% (SP). sp 318-320 cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1 Homo sapiens 260-270 34107064-8 2021 SP showed low BAL percentages of CD19 (p=0.0004) and CD8 (p=0.0035), while CD19+ CD5+ CD27- % were higher (p=0.0213); the same was found for CD4 (p=0.0396), follicular Treg (p=0.0078) and Treg (p<0.0001) cells. sp 0-2 CD19 molecule Homo sapiens 33-37 34564408-6 2021 SP challenge caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in proinflammatory markers (TLR4, p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB) paralleled to a marked upregulation of inflammasome-dependent inflammatory pathways (NLRP3, Caspase-1) with IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha over-release, compared to vehicle group. sp 0-2 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 95-99 34564408-6 2021 SP challenge caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in proinflammatory markers (TLR4, p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB) paralleled to a marked upregulation of inflammasome-dependent inflammatory pathways (NLRP3, Caspase-1) with IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha over-release, compared to vehicle group. sp 0-2 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Mus musculus 103-111 34564408-6 2021 SP challenge caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in proinflammatory markers (TLR4, p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB) paralleled to a marked upregulation of inflammasome-dependent inflammatory pathways (NLRP3, Caspase-1) with IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha over-release, compared to vehicle group. sp 0-2 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 113-122 34564408-6 2021 SP challenge caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in proinflammatory markers (TLR4, p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB) paralleled to a marked upregulation of inflammasome-dependent inflammatory pathways (NLRP3, Caspase-1) with IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha over-release, compared to vehicle group. sp 0-2 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 Mus musculus 209-214 34564408-6 2021 SP challenge caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in proinflammatory markers (TLR4, p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB) paralleled to a marked upregulation of inflammasome-dependent inflammatory pathways (NLRP3, Caspase-1) with IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha over-release, compared to vehicle group. sp 0-2 caspase 1 Mus musculus 216-225 34564408-6 2021 SP challenge caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in proinflammatory markers (TLR4, p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB) paralleled to a marked upregulation of inflammasome-dependent inflammatory pathways (NLRP3, Caspase-1) with IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha over-release, compared to vehicle group. sp 0-2 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 232-236 34564408-6 2021 SP challenge caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in proinflammatory markers (TLR4, p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB) paralleled to a marked upregulation of inflammasome-dependent inflammatory pathways (NLRP3, Caspase-1) with IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha over-release, compared to vehicle group. sp 0-2 interleukin 1 alpha Mus musculus 238-246 34564408-6 2021 SP challenge caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in proinflammatory markers (TLR4, p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB) paralleled to a marked upregulation of inflammasome-dependent inflammatory pathways (NLRP3, Caspase-1) with IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha over-release, compared to vehicle group. sp 0-2 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 248-257 34564408-7 2021 We also observed a significant concentration-dependent increase in angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) following SP challenge. sp 117-119 angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 2 Mus musculus 67-98 34564408-7 2021 We also observed a significant concentration-dependent increase in angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) following SP challenge. sp 117-119 angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 2 Mus musculus 100-105 34564408-9 2021 Our data show for the first time that um-PEA, via PPAR-alpha, markedly inhibits the SP induced NLRP3 signalling pathway outlining a novel mechanism of action of this lipid against COVID-19. sp 84-86 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha Homo sapiens 50-60 34564408-9 2021 Our data show for the first time that um-PEA, via PPAR-alpha, markedly inhibits the SP induced NLRP3 signalling pathway outlining a novel mechanism of action of this lipid against COVID-19. sp 84-86 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 Mus musculus 95-100 34107064-8 2021 SP showed low BAL percentages of CD19 (p=0.0004) and CD8 (p=0.0035), while CD19+ CD5+ CD27- % were higher (p=0.0213); the same was found for CD4 (p=0.0396), follicular Treg (p=0.0078) and Treg (p<0.0001) cells. sp 0-2 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 53-56 34107064-8 2021 SP showed low BAL percentages of CD19 (p=0.0004) and CD8 (p=0.0035), while CD19+ CD5+ CD27- % were higher (p=0.0213); the same was found for CD4 (p=0.0396), follicular Treg (p=0.0078) and Treg (p<0.0001) cells. sp 0-2 CD19 molecule Homo sapiens 75-79 34107064-8 2021 SP showed low BAL percentages of CD19 (p=0.0004) and CD8 (p=0.0035), while CD19+ CD5+ CD27- % were higher (p=0.0213); the same was found for CD4 (p=0.0396), follicular Treg (p=0.0078) and Treg (p<0.0001) cells. sp 0-2 CD5 molecule Homo sapiens 81-84 34107064-8 2021 SP showed low BAL percentages of CD19 (p=0.0004) and CD8 (p=0.0035), while CD19+ CD5+ CD27- % were higher (p=0.0213); the same was found for CD4 (p=0.0396), follicular Treg (p=0.0078) and Treg (p<0.0001) cells. sp 0-2 CD27 molecule Homo sapiens 86-90 34107064-8 2021 SP showed low BAL percentages of CD19 (p=0.0004) and CD8 (p=0.0035), while CD19+ CD5+ CD27- % were higher (p=0.0213); the same was found for CD4 (p=0.0396), follicular Treg (p=0.0078) and Treg (p<0.0001) cells. sp 0-2 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 141-144 35481673-9 2022 The synergistic effect is demonstrated as an interplay of the high SP and the high catalytic activity of the MoS2 layer on the performance of the chiral MoS2 for spin-dependent electrocatalysis. sp 67-69 spindlin 1 Homo sapiens 162-166 34279164-10 2022 The significant correlation between ASP and SP suggests that the evaluation of these skills access the children"s equivalent underlying phonological representation. sp 44-46 assembly factor for spindle microtubules Homo sapiens 36-39 34368611-9 2021 At 25 weeks, SP mice showed reduced fasting 24-hour urinary calcium excretion and increased fractional excretion of phosphate, but normal serum calcium and phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF23) levels. sp 13-15 fibroblast growth factor 23 Mus musculus 248-253 35507643-6 2022 The formation of cage-like P22 VLP structures results from scaffold protein (SP)-directed self-assembly of coat protein (CP) subunits into icosahedral capsids with encapsulation of SP inside the capsid. sp 181-183 golgi phosphoprotein 3 Homo sapiens 107-119 35584094-6 2022 RESULTS: LP group showed significantly higher BMI, older age, and lower plasma albumin concentration compared with those of SP group. sp 124-126 albumin Homo sapiens 79-86 35439615-5 2022 We first confirmed that genetic or pharmacological TRPV4 inhibition reduced the susceptibility to AF in SP mice. sp 104-106 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4 Mus musculus 51-56 35439615-6 2022 We also found that the expression level of NLRP3-inflammasome and inflammatory cytokines significantly increased in the atria of SP mice, which further increased in application the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A (GSK101) and decreased in application the TRPV4 antagonist GSK2193874. sp 129-131 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 Mus musculus 43-48 35439615-9 2022 Finally, we shown that the activation of NLRP3-inflammasome and ERK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway significantly reduced in TRPV4-knockout SP mice. sp 136-138 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 Mus musculus 41-46 35439615-9 2022 Finally, we shown that the activation of NLRP3-inflammasome and ERK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway significantly reduced in TRPV4-knockout SP mice. sp 136-138 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Mus musculus 64-67 35439615-9 2022 Finally, we shown that the activation of NLRP3-inflammasome and ERK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway significantly reduced in TRPV4-knockout SP mice. sp 136-138 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 68-77 35439615-9 2022 Finally, we shown that the activation of NLRP3-inflammasome and ERK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway significantly reduced in TRPV4-knockout SP mice. sp 136-138 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4 Mus musculus 121-126 35507643-6 2022 The formation of cage-like P22 VLP structures results from scaffold protein (SP)-directed self-assembly of coat protein (CP) subunits into icosahedral capsids with encapsulation of SP inside the capsid. sp 181-183 golgi phosphoprotein 3 Homo sapiens 121-123 35600964-1 2022 Objective: To explore the mechanism of Shenjing Guben prescription (SP) in the treatment of immune infertility by regulating PI3K-NRF2/p38 signal pathway. sp 68-70 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 130-134 35600964-1 2022 Objective: To explore the mechanism of Shenjing Guben prescription (SP) in the treatment of immune infertility by regulating PI3K-NRF2/p38 signal pathway. sp 68-70 mitogen activated protein kinase 14 Rattus norvegicus 135-138 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 7 Rattus norvegicus 103-107 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 7 Rattus norvegicus 95-99 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Rattus norvegicus 109-112 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Rattus norvegicus 116-119 35435356-11 2022 Staining percentage (SP) of p16 was between 0 and 26% in pterygium; mean SP was 5.1%. sp 21-23 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A Homo sapiens 28-31 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen activated protein kinase 14 Rattus norvegicus 121-124 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen activated protein kinase 14 Rattus norvegicus 132-135 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Rattus norvegicus 212-215 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Rattus norvegicus 216-219 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen activated protein kinase 14 Rattus norvegicus 226-229 35600964-13 2022 After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (P < 0.05). sp 6-8 mitogen activated protein kinase 14 Rattus norvegicus 230-233 35600964-14 2022 Conclusion: SP can reduce the oxidative stress of testis induced by ACN and inhibit the activation of PI3K-NRF2/p38 signal pathway. sp 12-14 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Rattus norvegicus 107-111 35600964-14 2022 Conclusion: SP can reduce the oxidative stress of testis induced by ACN and inhibit the activation of PI3K-NRF2/p38 signal pathway. sp 12-14 mitogen activated protein kinase 14 Rattus norvegicus 112-115 35628104-7 2022 Furthermore, exogenous SP administration to LA-4 cells inhibited the TGF-beta1-induced upregulation of fibrotic markers. sp 23-25 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Mus musculus 69-78 35118633-3 2022 This SP assay was used to assess the impact of TGF-beta1 treatment and withdrawal of treatment on SP percentages. sp 98-100 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 47-56 35118633-8 2022 Exposure to TGF-beta1 decreased the SP percentage in both thyroid cancer cell lines and completely abrogated these cells in the primary papillary thyroid cancer cultures. sp 36-38 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 12-21 35118633-9 2022 On withdrawal of TGF-beta1 the SP phenotype was restored in the cancer cell lines and SP percentages increased to above that of untreated cells. sp 31-33 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 17-26 35118633-9 2022 On withdrawal of TGF-beta1 the SP phenotype was restored in the cancer cell lines and SP percentages increased to above that of untreated cells. sp 86-88 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 17-26 35528522-10 2022 However, genetic suppression or pharmacological inhibition of SIRT1 significantly reversed the impact of SP treatment on mitochondrial DNA transcription ability and autophagy. sp 105-107 sirtuin 1 Mus musculus 62-67 34999140-7 2022 This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of SP-delivered NT3. sp 71-73 neurotrophin-3 Cavia porcellus 84-87 35176770-10 2022 Patients with IBD receiving TNF-inhibitors had significantly lower anti-SP IgG levels (2,445AU/mL) than IBD patients not receiving TNF-inhibitors (3868AU/mL)(p = < 0.001). sp 72-74 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 28-31 35176770-13 2022 Use of anti-TNF therapy negatively impacts anti-SP IgG levels further. sp 48-50 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 12-15 35145058-7 2022 Mechanistically, EGFR, primed with EGF, activated the hedgehog pathway and promoted the SP ratio; meanwhile, ALCAM inhibited EGFR downstream pro-MM cell signaling. sp 88-90 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 17-21 35145058-7 2022 Mechanistically, EGFR, primed with EGF, activated the hedgehog pathway and promoted the SP ratio; meanwhile, ALCAM inhibited EGFR downstream pro-MM cell signaling. sp 88-90 epidermal growth factor Homo sapiens 35-38 2592016-1 1989 A synthetic decapeptide (SP) was used to produce a murine monoclonal antibody specific for the human IgG3 molecule. sp 25-27 immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 (G3m marker) Homo sapiens 101-105 35128076-8 2022 In the MDV database, SP facilities prescribed extended half-life factor VIII (FVIII) products for more patients (31.8% vs 24.3%) than N-SP. sp 21-23 coagulation factor VIII Homo sapiens 65-76 35128076-8 2022 In the MDV database, SP facilities prescribed extended half-life factor VIII (FVIII) products for more patients (31.8% vs 24.3%) than N-SP. sp 21-23 coagulation factor VIII Homo sapiens 78-83 35053244-3 2022 SP-G, a novel amphiphilic SP, was then identified in the lungs and is mostly linked to inflammation. sp 26-28 surfactant associated 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 35113413-5 2022 Here, the expression pattern of SATB1 in patients was examined by the method of streptomycin peroxides biotin (SP) immunohistochemical and analyzed the relationship of SATB1 with clinical pathological features and patient prognosis. sp 111-113 SATB homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 32-37 2785883-4 1989 For each of six semiannual evaluations, proportions and numbers of CD3+CD4-CD8- lymphocytes (calculated as CD3- (CD4 + CD8] were both significantly greater in the SP group than in the SN group (P less than 0.001). sp 163-165 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 71-74 2754143-4 1989 No correlations were noted between SP and CD8+ cell populations or mitogenic responses in study subjects, but SP correlated inversely to percentages and numbers of CD4+ lymphocytes. sp 110-112 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 164-167 2754143-5 1989 Depletion of CD4+ cells from mononuclear cell populations of HIV-infected subjects decreased SP. sp 93-95 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 13-16 2754143-6 1989 Thus, in HIV-1-infected subjects, SP increases as HIV-1-related disease progresses and appears to be CD4 dependent. sp 34-36 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 101-104 2785883-4 1989 For each of six semiannual evaluations, proportions and numbers of CD3+CD4-CD8- lymphocytes (calculated as CD3- (CD4 + CD8] were both significantly greater in the SP group than in the SN group (P less than 0.001). sp 163-165 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 75-78 2785883-4 1989 For each of six semiannual evaluations, proportions and numbers of CD3+CD4-CD8- lymphocytes (calculated as CD3- (CD4 + CD8] were both significantly greater in the SP group than in the SN group (P less than 0.001). sp 163-165 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 113-116 2785883-4 1989 For each of six semiannual evaluations, proportions and numbers of CD3+CD4-CD8- lymphocytes (calculated as CD3- (CD4 + CD8] were both significantly greater in the SP group than in the SN group (P less than 0.001). sp 163-165 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 119-122 3064358-2 1988 However, the diminished adhesion of SP treated FWP to collagen could still be increased in the presence of purified von Willebrand factor (vWF). sp 36-38 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 116-137 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 177-179 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 236-239 2784105-11 1989 Indeed, addition of recombinant IL2 to T cells stimulated with mixed SP and TT induces an increase in DNA synthesis which becomes similar to that resulting from stimulation with the linked SP-TT. sp 69-71 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 32-35 3058803-8 1988 These, and additional results, support the conclusion that for some sp Ag the functional affinities of IgG3 antibodies, are influenced by the Fc region in a temperature-dependent manner. sp 68-70 immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 (G3m marker) Homo sapiens 103-107 2784105-2 1989 DNA synthesis of human CD4 cells that were sensitized in vivo to a native streptococcal antigen (SA) was stimulated in vitro with synthetic peptides (SP) derived from the sequence of native SA. sp 150-152 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 23-26 2784105-5 1989 The TT- and SP-sensitized CD4 cells were then enriched and depleted by panning on TT- or SP-treated monocyte layers. sp 12-14 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 26-29 2784105-6 1989 When TT-enriched CD4 cells were reconstituted with SP-enriched cells, [3H]thymidine uptake was significantly greater with the linked SP-TT than with the mixed SP and TT. sp 51-53 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 17-20 2784105-6 1989 When TT-enriched CD4 cells were reconstituted with SP-enriched cells, [3H]thymidine uptake was significantly greater with the linked SP-TT than with the mixed SP and TT. sp 133-135 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 17-20 2784105-7 1989 However, reconstitution of the TT-enriched with SP-depleted CD4 cells or the converse failed to increase significantly DNA synthesis by cells stimulated with the linked SP-TT. sp 48-50 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 60-63 2784105-9 1989 Both IL2 and IL2 receptors were diminished and delayed when T cells were stimulated with SP as compared with TT. sp 89-91 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 5-8 2784105-9 1989 Both IL2 and IL2 receptors were diminished and delayed when T cells were stimulated with SP as compared with TT. sp 89-91 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 13-16 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 85-87 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 85-87 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 116-119 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 85-87 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 85-87 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 85-87 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 236-239 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 177-179 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 77-80 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 177-179 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 177-179 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 116-119 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 177-179 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 2784105-10 1989 The results suggest that epitope-linked clusters of monocytes, TT-sensitized CD4 and SP-sensitized CD4 cells enable IL2 released by the TT-sensitized CD4 cells to stimulate the SP-sensitized CD4 cells that produce inadequate amounts of IL2. sp 177-179 CD4 molecule Homo sapiens 99-102 2460537-2 1988 Inasmuch as the CD2 (E rosette receptor, T11, LFA-2) molecule of human T lymphocytes is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in the adhesion of T cells to various target cells the possibility that CD2 binds SP was investigated. sp 207-209 CD2 molecule Homo sapiens 16-19 2460537-2 1988 Inasmuch as the CD2 (E rosette receptor, T11, LFA-2) molecule of human T lymphocytes is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in the adhesion of T cells to various target cells the possibility that CD2 binds SP was investigated. sp 207-209 CD2 molecule Homo sapiens 41-44 2460537-2 1988 Inasmuch as the CD2 (E rosette receptor, T11, LFA-2) molecule of human T lymphocytes is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in the adhesion of T cells to various target cells the possibility that CD2 binds SP was investigated. sp 207-209 CD2 molecule Homo sapiens 46-51 2460537-2 1988 Inasmuch as the CD2 (E rosette receptor, T11, LFA-2) molecule of human T lymphocytes is a cell surface glycoprotein involved in the adhesion of T cells to various target cells the possibility that CD2 binds SP was investigated. sp 207-209 CD2 molecule Homo sapiens 197-200 2460537-3 1988 It was found that E rosetting of human T lymphocytes, a phenomenon involving CD2, was readily inhibited by the SP dextran sulfate (DxS) and, to a lesser extent, by the sulfated polymer polyvinyl sulfate whereas 11 other SP had no effect on E rosetting, this effect occurring at the T cell level. sp 111-113 CD2 molecule Homo sapiens 77-80 3064358-2 1988 However, the diminished adhesion of SP treated FWP to collagen could still be increased in the presence of purified von Willebrand factor (vWF). sp 36-38 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 139-142 3175950-1 1988 The interaction between the splotch gene (Sp) and all-trans retinoic acid (RA) was investigated using cytogenetically marked Sp/+ and +/+ mouse embryos cultured in the presence of RA. sp 42-44 paired box 3 Mus musculus 28-35 3740714-2 1986 The similarities across frequencies between the human SP (promontory) and the experimental SP (DIF component from basal turn) suggest that the SP recorded in electrocochleography originates mostly from the base of the cochlea; negative values were observed at low frequencies (1 to 2 kHz), positive values at high frequencies (8 kHz). sp 91-93 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 95-98 2458268-3 1988 [Pro9,Met(O2)11]substance P (SP), a selective NK-1 receptor agonist, was about 10 times more potent than SP itself and its action was unaffected by atropine pretreatment. sp 29-31 tachykinin receptor 1 Rattus norvegicus 46-59 3133148-7 1988 Genetic evidence suggests that otu also encodes a second product (SP) that is utilized late in oogenesis. sp 66-68 ovarian tumor Drosophila melanogaster 31-34 2908743-6 1988 It was found that the Thy-1 and Ly-5 (T-200 or leucocyte common antigen) molecules of murine thymocytes bind to sulphated carbohydrates, although the two molecules differed substantially in their reactivity with the four different SP tested. sp 231-233 thymus cell antigen 1, theta Mus musculus 22-27 2908743-6 1988 It was found that the Thy-1 and Ly-5 (T-200 or leucocyte common antigen) molecules of murine thymocytes bind to sulphated carbohydrates, although the two molecules differed substantially in their reactivity with the four different SP tested. sp 231-233 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 32-36 2435569-1 1987 The gonadal and accessory organ atrophy following transfer of male hamsters from long (LP) to short photoperiod (SP) is preceded by reduced prolactin secretion and involves reductions in hypothalamic LHRH release and catecholamine turnover. sp 113-115 prolactin Mesocricetus auratus 140-149 2435569-5 1987 Reductions in serum prolactin (PRL) levels and increased MBH/ME dopamine (DA) turnover rates were observed at three and six weeks of SP exposure. sp 133-135 prolactin Mesocricetus auratus 20-29 3293260-1 1988 The splotch gene (Sp) and all-trans retinoic acid (RA) interact to cause spina bifida in mouse embryos. sp 18-20 paired box 3 Mus musculus 4-11 3424222-1 1987 The allelic loci splotch (Sp) and splotch-delayed (Spd) cause neural tube defects (NTDs) in mice homozygous for either of these genes. sp 26-28 paired box 3 Mus musculus 17-24 2453175-3 1987 At interval of 10 s following conditioning stimulation of SP nerve the test response of SND to activation of C-fibres (interaction SP-C) amounts to 83.7 +/- 7.5% (means +/- SE) of control. sp 58-60 pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C Oryctolagus cuniculus 131-135 3740714-2 1986 The similarities across frequencies between the human SP (promontory) and the experimental SP (DIF component from basal turn) suggest that the SP recorded in electrocochleography originates mostly from the base of the cochlea; negative values were observed at low frequencies (1 to 2 kHz), positive values at high frequencies (8 kHz). sp 91-93 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 95-98 3533598-3 1986 Under control conditions, decreases in [Ca2+]o were found to be maximal in stratum pyramidale (SP). sp 95-97 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 40-43 3533598-4 1986 In stratum radiatum (SR), 100 micron away from SP, decreases in [Ca2+]o were half the size of those observed in SP. sp 47-49 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 65-68 3533598-6 1986 In the presence of bicuculline, the decreases in [Ca2+]o were particularly enhanced in SR and were often greater than those recorded in SP. sp 136-138 carbonic anhydrase 2 Homo sapiens 50-53 6376907-11 1984 However, renin release was significantly higher in SP than in JM glomeruli and correlated with 6-keto-PGF1 alpha synthesis. sp 51-53 renin Canis lupus familiaris 9-14 4029605-1 1985 Superprecipitation (SP) of artificial actomyosin, obtained by hybridization of Straub actin from the human myocardium with myosin of normal animal hearts was studied. sp 20-22 myosin heavy chain 14 Homo sapiens 42-48 2993387-3 1985 The (Sp)-cAMPS-treated enzyme was more sensitive to inhibition by alanine and ATP and, under the same conditions, was less responsive to activation by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate when assayed at a subsaturating phosphoenolpyruvate concentration. sp 5-7 calmodulin 2, pseudogene 1 Rattus norvegicus 9-14 3158580-5 1985 These results indicate that TRH like LHRH can prevent SP-induced testicular regression in hamsters by some unknown mechanism and that beta-endorphin may be involved in the control of testicular function in hamsters. sp 54-56 progonadoliberin-1 Mesocricetus auratus 37-41 6698219-2 1984 In 32 normal luteal phases with in-phase endometrial biopsies, the luteal SP assayed three times between 11 and 4 days before menses correlated significantly with the matched plasma P (PP) values and the ratio of SP to PP X 100 = 1.02. sp 74-76 protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit Homo sapiens 219-223 6864283-3 1983 The relationship between CAP and SP was expressed by the best-fit equation CAP = 1.02 SP -9.27 in the normotensive patients and by CAP = 1.54 SP -65.60 in the hypertensive patients. sp 33-35 cyclase associated actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein 1 Homo sapiens 75-82 6864283-3 1983 The relationship between CAP and SP was expressed by the best-fit equation CAP = 1.02 SP -9.27 in the normotensive patients and by CAP = 1.54 SP -65.60 in the hypertensive patients. sp 33-35 cyclase associated actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein 1 Homo sapiens 131-138 6864283-3 1983 The relationship between CAP and SP was expressed by the best-fit equation CAP = 1.02 SP -9.27 in the normotensive patients and by CAP = 1.54 SP -65.60 in the hypertensive patients. sp 86-88 cyclase associated actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein 1 Homo sapiens 75-82 6864283-3 1983 The relationship between CAP and SP was expressed by the best-fit equation CAP = 1.02 SP -9.27 in the normotensive patients and by CAP = 1.54 SP -65.60 in the hypertensive patients. sp 86-88 cyclase associated actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein 1 Homo sapiens 75-82 6572381-3 1983 Previously, we have shown that initiation factor SP (for eIF-2-stimulating protein) promotes the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for GTP and catalyzes ternary complex formation in the presence of Met-tRNAi. sp 49-51 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 57-62 6602185-3 1983 PEG enhanced the binding of aggregated human gammaglobulin (AHG) and artificial ICs to SP-C1q and, in reverse experiments, also increased the binding of C1q to SP-AHG. sp 87-89 complement C1q A chain Homo sapiens 90-93 6572381-3 1983 Previously, we have shown that initiation factor SP (for eIF-2-stimulating protein) promotes the exchange of eIF-2-bound GDP for GTP and catalyzes ternary complex formation in the presence of Met-tRNAi. sp 49-51 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 109-114 6572381-5 1983 We further show that, in the presence of Mg2+ and catalytic amounts of SP, ternary complex formation conforms to the overall reversible reaction eIF-2.GDP + GTP + Met-tRNAi in equilibrium eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNAi + GDP. sp 71-73 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 145-150 6572381-5 1983 We further show that, in the presence of Mg2+ and catalytic amounts of SP, ternary complex formation conforms to the overall reversible reaction eIF-2.GDP + GTP + Met-tRNAi in equilibrium eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNAi + GDP. sp 71-73 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 188-193 6155617-9 1980 Pretreatment of synaptic vesicles with trypsin or with phospholipase A2, C and D leads to a total loss of SP binding showing a proteolipid or a joint protein-phospholipid nature of these binding sites. sp 106-108 phospholipase A2 group IB Homo sapiens 55-71 6953412-7 1982 Our results suggest that, in the presence of Mg2+, GDP binding restricts the availability of eIF-2 for chain initiation and that SP relieves this restriction in a catalytic fashion, provided that the alpha subunit of eIF-2 is not phosphorylated. sp 129-131 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 217-222 7349308-3 1980 The relative reduction in voltage resulting from the exposure was greater for the SP than for the AP when these potentials were elicited with 20-msec probe tone bursts between 70-80 db SPL having instantaneous rise times. sp 82-84 sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 Rattus norvegicus 185-188 6753849-6 1982 In rat blood, SP existed as a complex with a plasma protease inhibitor, alpha 1-macroglobulin (alpha 1 M), with a molar binding ratio of 1:1, still retaining about 20% of its original caseinolytic activity. sp 14-16 pregnancy-zone protein Rattus norvegicus 72-93 6753849-6 1982 In rat blood, SP existed as a complex with a plasma protease inhibitor, alpha 1-macroglobulin (alpha 1 M), with a molar binding ratio of 1:1, still retaining about 20% of its original caseinolytic activity. sp 14-16 pregnancy-zone protein Rattus norvegicus 95-104 6953412-1 1982 Earlier, we isolated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2)-stimulating protein (SP) as a homogeneous complex with eIF-2 (eIF-2-SP) and showed that, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP promotes formation of a ternary complex with GTP and eukaryotic initiator methionyl tRNA (Met-tRNAi) (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi) catalytically. sp 81-83 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 53-58 6953412-1 1982 Earlier, we isolated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2)-stimulating protein (SP) as a homogeneous complex with eIF-2 (eIF-2-SP) and showed that, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP promotes formation of a ternary complex with GTP and eukaryotic initiator methionyl tRNA (Met-tRNAi) (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi) catalytically. sp 81-83 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 115-120 6953412-1 1982 Earlier, we isolated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2)-stimulating protein (SP) as a homogeneous complex with eIF-2 (eIF-2-SP) and showed that, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP promotes formation of a ternary complex with GTP and eukaryotic initiator methionyl tRNA (Met-tRNAi) (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi) catalytically. sp 81-83 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 122-130 6953412-1 1982 Earlier, we isolated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2)-stimulating protein (SP) as a homogeneous complex with eIF-2 (eIF-2-SP) and showed that, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP promotes formation of a ternary complex with GTP and eukaryotic initiator methionyl tRNA (Met-tRNAi) (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi) catalytically. sp 81-83 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 174-182 6953412-1 1982 Earlier, we isolated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2)-stimulating protein (SP) as a homogeneous complex with eIF-2 (eIF-2-SP) and showed that, in the presence of Mg2+, eIF-2-SP promotes formation of a ternary complex with GTP and eukaryotic initiator methionyl tRNA (Met-tRNAi) (eIF-2-GTP-Met-tRNAi) catalytically. sp 81-83 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 115-120 6953412-2 1982 We now show that SP-bound eIF-2 exchanges with eIF-2 (eIF-2 exchange). sp 17-19 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 26-31 6953412-2 1982 We now show that SP-bound eIF-2 exchanges with eIF-2 (eIF-2 exchange). sp 17-19 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 47-52 6953412-2 1982 We now show that SP-bound eIF-2 exchanges with eIF-2 (eIF-2 exchange). sp 17-19 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 47-52 6890099-3 1982 SP significantly decreased the concentration of serum cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and increased apolipoprotein B (apo B). sp 0-2 apolipoprotein A1 Rattus norvegicus 70-88 6890099-3 1982 SP significantly decreased the concentration of serum cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and increased apolipoprotein B (apo B). sp 0-2 apolipoprotein A1 Rattus norvegicus 90-97 6890099-3 1982 SP significantly decreased the concentration of serum cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and increased apolipoprotein B (apo B). sp 0-2 apolipoprotein B Rattus norvegicus 113-129 6890099-6 1982 The reduction of the serum apo A-I was brought about by the addition of SP at the level of 1% while that of the cholesterol at the level of 4%. sp 72-74 apolipoprotein A1 Rattus norvegicus 27-34 6890099-7 1982 The subunit composition of apo A-I, but not apolipoprotein C, in high density lipoprotein (HDL) was also altered by SP. sp 116-118 apolipoprotein A1 Rattus norvegicus 27-34 7035174-5 1981 SP, isolated in the form of an eIF-2 complex (eIF-2. sp 0-2 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 31-36 7035174-5 1981 SP, isolated in the form of an eIF-2 complex (eIF-2. sp 0-2 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 46-51 7035174-11 1981 SP complex that interacts with free eIF-2 forming GTP . sp 0-2 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta Homo sapiens 36-41 7008935-5 1980 Up to 50% of the Pool I radioantibody from this group of patients was bound to the SP anti-CEA, whereas it was minimally reactive with the SP anti-human IgG. sp 83-85 CEA cell adhesion molecule 3 Homo sapiens 91-94 7008935-7 1980 Patients with lower CEA titers had the majority of the plasma radioactivity chromatographing as Pool I radioantibody which showed elevated binding to the SP anti-human IgG but not the SP anti-CEA. sp 154-156 CEA cell adhesion molecule 3 Homo sapiens 20-23 34021850-7 2021 Increased B2m levels were observed in 83.7% of PV patients (11.9% in SP). sp 69-71 beta-2-microglobulin Homo sapiens 10-13 34048829-7 2021 A correlation between SP of dCA1 and SR of dCA3 with regard to PV changes, implicates their possible role in the inhibitory circuit alterations. sp 22-24 Ca-3 Drosophila melanogaster 43-47 34048829-10 2021 PV + cells of the SP layer of dCA1 and CA2 could be a potential target for the antidepressant action of Flx, while strong effect of Flx on GAD67 expression in the SR should be more extensively studied. sp 18-20 carbonic anhydrase 2 Rattus norvegicus 39-42 34022417-9 2021 Susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-negative Escherichia coli to ceftaroline ranged from 67.0% in Asia/SP to 91.0% in Africa/ME; susceptibility to amikacin, meropenem and tigecycline was >=96.7% in all regions. sp 125-127 EsbL Escherichia coli 18-50 34021850-11 2021 Normal B2m, normal EPO and tobacco exposure was predictive of SP (positive predictive value = 100%). sp 62-64 beta-2-microglobulin Homo sapiens 7-10 33443864-10 2021 In addition, some histologic resemblance and frequent BRAF V600E mutation raise the possibility of SP and GP/MP being on the same disease spectrum. sp 99-101 B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 54-58 33836056-5 2021 Furthermore, we found a significant association between SP/CP thickness ratio and expression levels of the FLNA gene (mutated in periventricular heterotopia, congenital heart disease, and vascular malformations). sp 56-58 filamin A Homo sapiens 107-111 33484111-6 2021 MP and SP groups were significantly different in terms of IL8, IL10 and sSELE levels. sp 7-9 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 58-61 33484111-6 2021 MP and SP groups were significantly different in terms of IL8, IL10 and sSELE levels. sp 7-9 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 63-67 33925717-4 2021 The strength of the SP-QW coupling is mainly influenced by the type of metal used for SP enhancement, the metal nanostructure geometry, and the penetration depth of the SP fringing field in the p-GaN. sp 20-22 gigaxonin Homo sapiens 196-199 33925717-5 2021 The use of an appropriate dielectric interlayer between the metal and the p-GaN allows further control over SP resonance with QW emission wavelength. sp 108-110 gigaxonin Homo sapiens 76-79 33485679-11 2021 Similarly, duodenal MCP synthesis (g/kg of digestible organic matter intake) estimated from purine derivatives in the urine was lower for RNB- than for RNB0 in FB diets but similar between the RNB levels in diets containing SP. sp 224-226 membrane cofactor protein Bos taurus 20-23 33180981-3 2021 Previously, we have shown that improved immunogenicity in vivo is obtained with vaccine modalities in which an SP is covalently connected to an adjuvanting moiety, typically a ligand to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). sp 111-113 toll like receptor 2 Homo sapiens 186-206 33180981-3 2021 Previously, we have shown that improved immunogenicity in vivo is obtained with vaccine modalities in which an SP is covalently connected to an adjuvanting moiety, typically a ligand to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). sp 111-113 toll like receptor 2 Homo sapiens 208-212 33340923-7 2021 Sequencing analysis of the CD4 gene in these calves revealed four nucleotide substitutions (G918 T, A930C, G970A, and G1074A) in the coding region in the SP group when compared to the DP group. sp 154-156 CD4 molecule Bos taurus 27-30 33305425-3 2021 SPNP comprises a semiconducting polymer (SP) conjugated with a granzyme B cleavable and dye-labeled peptide as the side chain, both of which emit NIRF and PA signals. sp 0-2 granzyme B Homo sapiens 63-73 33357846-4 2021 However, the treatment of SP and SP-FA enhance the NK cells cytotoxicity against HeLa cells by the upregulation of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, perforin, and Granzyme-B. sp 26-28 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 115-124 33357846-4 2021 However, the treatment of SP and SP-FA enhance the NK cells cytotoxicity against HeLa cells by the upregulation of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, perforin, and Granzyme-B. sp 26-28 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 126-135 33357846-4 2021 However, the treatment of SP and SP-FA enhance the NK cells cytotoxicity against HeLa cells by the upregulation of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, perforin, and Granzyme-B. sp 26-28 granzyme B Homo sapiens 151-161 33170369-8 2021 Cell assays, including flow cytometry, demonstrated that SP (100-1000 mug mL-1) are non-cytotoxic, do not induce apoptosis or necrosis, and do not interfere with cell cycle. sp 57-59 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 74-78 33170369-9 2021 However, SP (1000 mug mL-1) were found to significantly inhibit cell colony formation (80-90%), cell migration (40-75%), and melanin production (~ 20%). sp 9-11 L1 cell adhesion molecule Mus musculus 22-26 33603787-8 2021 Improvement in serum levels of leptin after NSPT was also observed in the Nwt with SP group (p = 0.015); these levels did not significantly differ in Nwt patients without SP. sp 45-47 leptin Homo sapiens 31-37 33603787-8 2021 Improvement in serum levels of leptin after NSPT was also observed in the Nwt with SP group (p = 0.015); these levels did not significantly differ in Nwt patients without SP. sp 83-85 leptin Homo sapiens 31-37 33423051-9 2021 With these analyses, we show that CNA2Subpathway could help to uncover dysfunctional SPs underlying cancer via the use of SP crosstalk. sp 85-87 keratocan Homo sapiens 34-38 33359928-11 2021 SP duration did not differ between groups PRE, increased in controls but decreased in patients POST. sp 0-2 solute carrier family 35 member G1 Homo sapiens 95-99 33359928-12 2021 Patients" change of SP duration from PRE to POST was negatively correlated to FSS. sp 20-22 solute carrier family 35 member G1 Homo sapiens 44-48 33103448-6 2021 A CRHP diet reduced postprandial glucose area under curve (net AUC) by 60% (P < 0.001), 24 h glucose by 13% (P < 0.001), fasting IP and SP concentrations (both absolute and relative to C-peptide, P < 0.05), and postprandial ISR (24%, P = 0.015), while IGI and Bup improved by 31% and 45% (both P < 0.001). sp 136-138 cysteine rich protein 1 Homo sapiens 2-6 32222936-9 2021 Significant upregulation of the glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1), glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPx4), Selenium W (SelW), and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) mRNA expression were detected in the SP group, which was then followed by SS when compared to the P group, whereas mRNA expression down-regulated in the PC group compared to NC, P, SS, and SP. sp 187-189 glutathione peroxidase 1 Gallus gallus 32-56 32885876-6 2020 DP and SP extracts improved the decline of the activities of antioxidant enzymes: Catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase in liver, kidney, and pancreas of the diabetic rats. sp 7-9 catalase Rattus norvegicus 82-90 32596783-1 2021 BACKGROUND: In East Asia, S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) is one of the standard first-line chemotherapy regimens for metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer (MRGC). sp 46-48 proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 1 Homo sapiens 26-29 32748741-5 2021 In addition, a total of 25 active ingredients in SP were identified.Pathway and functional enrichment analyses suggested that the mechanisms of SP against COAD might be to induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells by regulating PI3K-Akt and TNF signaling pathway. sp 49-51 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 230-233 32748741-5 2021 In addition, a total of 25 active ingredients in SP were identified.Pathway and functional enrichment analyses suggested that the mechanisms of SP against COAD might be to induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells by regulating PI3K-Akt and TNF signaling pathway. sp 144-146 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 230-233 32748741-5 2021 In addition, a total of 25 active ingredients in SP were identified.Pathway and functional enrichment analyses suggested that the mechanisms of SP against COAD might be to induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells by regulating PI3K-Akt and TNF signaling pathway. sp 144-146 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 238-241 32748741-8 2021 These result of verification suggested that SP exerted therapeutic effects against COAD via a PPI network involving TP53, MYC, MAPK8 and CASP3. sp 44-46 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 116-120 32748741-8 2021 These result of verification suggested that SP exerted therapeutic effects against COAD via a PPI network involving TP53, MYC, MAPK8 and CASP3. sp 44-46 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 122-125 32748741-8 2021 These result of verification suggested that SP exerted therapeutic effects against COAD via a PPI network involving TP53, MYC, MAPK8 and CASP3. sp 44-46 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Homo sapiens 127-132 32748741-8 2021 These result of verification suggested that SP exerted therapeutic effects against COAD via a PPI network involving TP53, MYC, MAPK8 and CASP3. sp 44-46 caspase 3 Homo sapiens 137-142 34019353-17 2021 The formulations and technology of SP (SP-1, SP-2) for therapeutic nutrition with a given chemical composition, designed to optimize the diet therapy of patients with NASH, have been developed. sp 35-37 Sp2 transcription factor Homo sapiens 45-49 32869360-8 2020 SP were lengthened early (i.e. from 20%TTF ) during the exercise then plateaued (p < 0.01). sp 0-2 ras homolog family member H Homo sapiens 39-42 32885876-6 2020 DP and SP extracts improved the decline of the activities of antioxidant enzymes: Catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase in liver, kidney, and pancreas of the diabetic rats. sp 7-9 hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase Rattus norvegicus 92-117 32885876-6 2020 DP and SP extracts improved the decline of the activities of antioxidant enzymes: Catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase in liver, kidney, and pancreas of the diabetic rats. sp 7-9 glutathione-disulfide reductase Rattus norvegicus 119-140 33036288-12 2020 SP could be predicted according to age and sedentary habits. sp 0-2 renin binding protein Homo sapiens 35-38 33134369-9 2020 The identification of the SP-specific variant BTNL2:R281K revealed that the genetic architecture of SP is not just a subset of PFH. sp 26-28 butyrophilin like 2 Homo sapiens 46-51 33134369-9 2020 The identification of the SP-specific variant BTNL2:R281K revealed that the genetic architecture of SP is not just a subset of PFH. sp 100-102 butyrophilin like 2 Homo sapiens 46-51 32883068-8 2020 The SP complexes (PDI2-)AlH (1), (PDI2-)AlCl (2), (PDI2-)AlI (3), 4, and 5 are all discussed in this report, using aromaticity as a model for their electronic structure and reactivity properties. sp 4-6 peptidyl arginine deiminase 2 Homo sapiens 18-22 32883068-8 2020 The SP complexes (PDI2-)AlH (1), (PDI2-)AlCl (2), (PDI2-)AlI (3), 4, and 5 are all discussed in this report, using aromaticity as a model for their electronic structure and reactivity properties. sp 4-6 peptidyl arginine deiminase 2 Homo sapiens 34-38 32429220-2 2020 To examine the effects of SP on inflammatory responses, we used macrophages as a vehicle for examining signaling via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which plays an important role in innate immune responses to pathogenic infections and pathogen-derived molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). sp 26-28 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 117-137 32689994-12 2020 CONCLUSION: In summary, the present study elucidates that SP may suppress inflammation and proliferation and promote apoptosis through the PI3K-AKT pathway, which makes SP a potential treatment against TAO. sp 58-60 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 144-147 32689994-12 2020 CONCLUSION: In summary, the present study elucidates that SP may suppress inflammation and proliferation and promote apoptosis through the PI3K-AKT pathway, which makes SP a potential treatment against TAO. sp 169-171 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 144-147 32516526-4 2020 Each class of SP can redirect the reaction to a different stable product - epithionitrile (ESP), nitrile (NSP), or thiocyanate (TFP) - by poorly understood mechanisms. sp 14-16 protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type V, pseudogene Homo sapiens 91-94 32516526-4 2020 Each class of SP can redirect the reaction to a different stable product - epithionitrile (ESP), nitrile (NSP), or thiocyanate (TFP) - by poorly understood mechanisms. sp 14-16 sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1 Homo sapiens 106-109 32429220-4 2020 We also used LPS-induced bone marrow-derived macrophages and RAW264.7 cells (a murine macrophage cell line) to identify the mechanism by which SP modulates immune responses via the TLR4 signaling pathway. sp 143-145 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 181-185 32429220-6 2020 In summary, SP inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by modulating the TLR4 signaling pathway. sp 12-14 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 77-81 32801165-5 2020 Furthermore, our SP successfully captured the activation of endogenous CAPN3 in living myotubes treated with ouabain. sp 17-19 calpain 3 Homo sapiens 71-76 32494981-1 2020 BACKGROUND: We previously reported the HERBIS-4A phase II trial comparing S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) with capecitabine plus cisplatin (XP) in chemotherapy-naive patients with HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer (GC). sp 94-96 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 172-176 32494981-6 2020 CONCLUSION: Our pooled analysis supports the use of SP in the first-line setting for patients with HER2-negative advanced or recurrent GC with a recurrence-free interval of >= 6 months. sp 52-54 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 99-103 32270230-9 2020 IDO was expressed in tumour cells in 55% of SP-NETs and 22% of NSP-NETs (p = 0.039). sp 44-46 indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 0-3 32270230-10 2020 TDO was expressed in stromal cells in 64% of SP-NETs and 13% of NSP-NETs (p = 0.001). sp 45-47 tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase Homo sapiens 0-3 31473937-4 2020 SP closely resembles syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the skin, a tumor which has recently been shown to harbor BRAF V600E or HRAS mutations. sp 0-2 B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 114-118 31473937-4 2020 SP closely resembles syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the skin, a tumor which has recently been shown to harbor BRAF V600E or HRAS mutations. sp 0-2 HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase Homo sapiens 128-132 31473937-11 2020 By immunohistochemistry, all SP demonstrated luminal CK7 and basal p63 expression, but SOX10 was expressed only in conventional SP (9 of 9 cases). sp 29-31 keratin 7 Homo sapiens 53-56 31473937-11 2020 By immunohistochemistry, all SP demonstrated luminal CK7 and basal p63 expression, but SOX10 was expressed only in conventional SP (9 of 9 cases). sp 29-31 tumor protein p63 Homo sapiens 67-70 31473937-11 2020 By immunohistochemistry, all SP demonstrated luminal CK7 and basal p63 expression, but SOX10 was expressed only in conventional SP (9 of 9 cases). sp 128-130 SRY-box transcription factor 10 Homo sapiens 87-92 31473937-15 2020 In summary, we demonstrated that SP consists of two variants: (1) conventional SP which is SOX10-positive and harbors BRAF V600E mutations similar to syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the skin; and (2) an oncocytic variant which is SOX10-negative and negative for BRAF mutations. sp 33-35 SRY-box transcription factor 10 Homo sapiens 91-96 31473937-15 2020 In summary, we demonstrated that SP consists of two variants: (1) conventional SP which is SOX10-positive and harbors BRAF V600E mutations similar to syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the skin; and (2) an oncocytic variant which is SOX10-negative and negative for BRAF mutations. sp 33-35 B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 118-122 31473937-15 2020 In summary, we demonstrated that SP consists of two variants: (1) conventional SP which is SOX10-positive and harbors BRAF V600E mutations similar to syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the skin; and (2) an oncocytic variant which is SOX10-negative and negative for BRAF mutations. sp 33-35 SRY-box transcription factor 10 Homo sapiens 233-238 31473937-15 2020 In summary, we demonstrated that SP consists of two variants: (1) conventional SP which is SOX10-positive and harbors BRAF V600E mutations similar to syringocystadenoma papilliferum of the skin; and (2) an oncocytic variant which is SOX10-negative and negative for BRAF mutations. sp 33-35 B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 265-269 32429220-2 2020 To examine the effects of SP on inflammatory responses, we used macrophages as a vehicle for examining signaling via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which plays an important role in innate immune responses to pathogenic infections and pathogen-derived molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). sp 26-28 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 139-143 31790618-7 2020 Patients with SP showed a significantly higher level of LincR-Gng2-5-fold change (3.71 +- 0.7) than that of RR (1.33 +- 0.3). sp 14-16 neuralized E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 3 Homo sapiens 56-61 32092805-8 2020 Component 2, interpreted as "increased risk of SP transport", explained 21% of the variation with a strong dependence on OC, STP and clay content, and correlated with decreased TS, and increased SP and BAP. sp 47-49 sulfotransferase family 1A member 1 Homo sapiens 125-128 31790618-7 2020 Patients with SP showed a significantly higher level of LincR-Gng2-5-fold change (3.71 +- 0.7) than that of RR (1.33 +- 0.3). sp 14-16 G protein subunit gamma 2 Homo sapiens 62-66 32197467-8 2020 Furthermore, the acquired IR-resistant phenotype of Huh7 cells was strongly associated with significantly increased ALDH activity, SP-enrichment, and direct ALDH1-PDK1 interaction. sp 131-133 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 52-56 32347378-2 2020 The excellent antifouling properties of WS2 decorated with AuNP-CT into a high conductivity network of CB results in high selectivity, sensitivity, and reproducibility for the simultaneous determination of hydroxycinnamic acid (hCN) structural analogs: caffeic (CF), sinapic (SP), and p-coumaric acids (CM). sp 276-278 metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 Homo sapiens 228-231 32022211-6 2020 Compliance with SP had a mean of 30.74 and median of 31 (28; 34), with a alpha-Cr coefficient of 0.745, associated with country, group (student) and risk perception. sp 16-18 acrosin Homo sapiens 73-81 31408166-6 2020 Immunohistochemical analysis detected Cx45- and Cx26-expressing neurons in the upper segment of the SP zone. sp 100-102 gap junction protein gamma 1 Homo sapiens 38-42 31408166-6 2020 Immunohistochemical analysis detected Cx45- and Cx26-expressing neurons in the upper segment of the SP zone. sp 100-102 gap junction protein beta 2 Homo sapiens 48-52 32172799-8 2020 There are many advantages of using SP such as very high prevalence of increased NK-1 expression in GBM cells, regardless of the degree of malignancy, and expression of the NK-1 receptor system not only on the membrane of cancer cells but also strong expression of NK1 receptors within the tumor neovasculature suggesting concomitant targeting of vascular and neoplastic structures. sp 35-37 tachykinin receptor 1 Homo sapiens 80-84 32172799-8 2020 There are many advantages of using SP such as very high prevalence of increased NK-1 expression in GBM cells, regardless of the degree of malignancy, and expression of the NK-1 receptor system not only on the membrane of cancer cells but also strong expression of NK1 receptors within the tumor neovasculature suggesting concomitant targeting of vascular and neoplastic structures. sp 35-37 tachykinin receptor 1 Homo sapiens 264-267 32111036-4 2020 This study aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol extract of SP leaves in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model. sp 108-110 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 121-154 32111036-5 2020 SP decreased the number of inflammatory cells and the levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissues of SP-treated mice. sp 0-2 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 64-73 32111036-5 2020 SP decreased the number of inflammatory cells and the levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissues of SP-treated mice. sp 0-2 interleukin 1 alpha Mus musculus 75-97 32111036-5 2020 SP decreased the number of inflammatory cells and the levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissues of SP-treated mice. sp 0-2 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 103-107 32111036-6 2020 In addition, SP significantly suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 in TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 13-15 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 72-81 32111036-6 2020 In addition, SP significantly suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 in TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 13-15 interleukin 1 alpha Homo sapiens 83-91 32111036-6 2020 In addition, SP significantly suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 in TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 13-15 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 97-101 32111036-6 2020 In addition, SP significantly suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 in TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 13-15 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 105-114 32111036-7 2020 SP significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and p65-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in LPS-induced ALI mice and TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 0-2 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 101-127 32111036-7 2020 SP significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and p65-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in LPS-induced ALI mice and TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 0-2 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 129-138 32111036-7 2020 SP significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and p65-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in LPS-induced ALI mice and TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 0-2 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 168-177 32111036-8 2020 SP treatment enhanced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) with upregulated antioxidant enzymes and suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress in the lung tissues of LPS-induced ALI model and TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 0-2 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 51-92 32111036-8 2020 SP treatment enhanced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) with upregulated antioxidant enzymes and suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress in the lung tissues of LPS-induced ALI model and TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 0-2 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 94-98 32111036-8 2020 SP treatment enhanced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) with upregulated antioxidant enzymes and suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress in the lung tissues of LPS-induced ALI model and TNF-alpha-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. sp 0-2 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 257-266 32111036-9 2020 Collectively, SP effectively inhibited airway inflammation and ROS-mediated oxidative stress, which was closely related to its ability to induce activation of Nrf2 and inhibit the phosphorylation of MAPKs and NF-kappaB. sp 14-16 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 159-163 32111036-9 2020 Collectively, SP effectively inhibited airway inflammation and ROS-mediated oxidative stress, which was closely related to its ability to induce activation of Nrf2 and inhibit the phosphorylation of MAPKs and NF-kappaB. sp 14-16 nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 Homo sapiens 209-218 31505033-6 2020 SP and SP-IPT frequently harboured BRAF V600E mutations (75.0%), which were identified in both squamous and ductal components. sp 0-2 B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 35-39 31127529-2 2019 Hydrocephalus patients suffer from disturbed central nervous system (CNS) fluid homeostasis and exhibit remarkably altered SP concentrations within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). sp 123-125 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 173-176 32004338-8 2020 C3F allele frequency was found to be significantly higher in our CKD cohort (25.7%) compared with the healthy control group (20.6%); p = 0.008.However, there was no significant difference in C3F allele frequency between the RP and SP groups. sp 231-233 lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 Homo sapiens 0-3 32004338-9 2020 In a subgroup analysis of 37 patients with IgA nephropathy in the CKD cohort (21 RP and 16 SP), there was a significantly higher frequency of C3F in RP 40.5% vs. 9.4% in SP; p = 0.003. sp 91-93 lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 Homo sapiens 142-145 31653342-9 2020 This study suggests that EMT development and SP phenotype can be independent events but both are regulated by BET inhibitors in SLUG- or SNAIL-transducted HCT116 cells. sp 45-47 snail family transcriptional repressor 2 Homo sapiens 128-132 31653342-9 2020 This study suggests that EMT development and SP phenotype can be independent events but both are regulated by BET inhibitors in SLUG- or SNAIL-transducted HCT116 cells. sp 45-47 snail family transcriptional repressor 1 Homo sapiens 137-142 31092059-1 2020 This study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-206 on apoptosis and autophagy of cardiomyocytes in ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injured rats treated with sevoflurane post-conditioning (SP) through the AMPK/Nampt signalling pathway. sp 187-189 microRNA 206 Rattus norvegicus 46-53 31092059-8 2020 Collectively, inhibition of miR-206 could activate the AMPK/Nampt signalling pathway, thus protecting against myocardial I/R injury on the basis of SP. sp 148-150 microRNA 206 Rattus norvegicus 28-35 31291476-7 2019 In intact rats and monkeys, daily subcutaneous administration of TransCon PTH was associated with increases in serum calcium (sCa) levels and decreases in serum phosphate levels (sP). sp 179-181 parathyroid hormone Rattus norvegicus 74-77 31291476-10 2019 Further, in a rat model of HP, TransCon PTH normalized sCa and sP levels 24 h per day. sp 63-65 parathyroid hormone Rattus norvegicus 40-43 31323197-6 2019 EEG analysis showed a significant decrease in motor-related power desynchronization (MRPD) of contralesional primary sensorimotor cortex (contralesional S1-M1) in the beta2 band (18-21 Hz) for SP during FV sessions, as well as in MRPD of bilateral S1-M1 in the beta1 (13-18 Hz) and the beta2 band for HS. sp 193-195 ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a2 Homo sapiens 167-172 31323197-6 2019 EEG analysis showed a significant decrease in motor-related power desynchronization (MRPD) of contralesional primary sensorimotor cortex (contralesional S1-M1) in the beta2 band (18-21 Hz) for SP during FV sessions, as well as in MRPD of bilateral S1-M1 in the beta1 (13-18 Hz) and the beta2 band for HS. sp 193-195 BCL2 related protein A1 Homo sapiens 261-266 31323197-6 2019 EEG analysis showed a significant decrease in motor-related power desynchronization (MRPD) of contralesional primary sensorimotor cortex (contralesional S1-M1) in the beta2 band (18-21 Hz) for SP during FV sessions, as well as in MRPD of bilateral S1-M1 in the beta1 (13-18 Hz) and the beta2 band for HS. sp 193-195 ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a2 Homo sapiens 286-291 31676335-6 2019 A single intramuscular injection of mice with an SP-301 plasmid expressing mouse growth hormone releasing hormone accelerated mouse growth significantly over 24 days. sp 49-51 growth hormone releasing hormone Mus musculus 81-113 31246221-8 2019 We show that the ratio C1/C0 is much larger for the DP model compared to that for the SP model. sp 86-88 Rho GTPase activating protein 4 Homo sapiens 23-28 31427706-4 2019 SP had significantly lower levels of plasma purine metabolites and higher erythrocyte HGPRT activity than ER and UT. sp 0-2 hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 86-91 31427706-6 2019 HGPRT activity increased in SP and ER (0.5-1.0%), while it remained unchanged in UT. sp 28-30 hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 30964389-5 2019 Methods: This study includes the development of a product-shaking procedure, definition of in vivo relevant actuation parameters, and the development of a robust SP method considering NSP behavior. sp 162-164 sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1 Homo sapiens 184-187 30964389-13 2019 The same general approach is not only applicable to development of SP method for NSP but to all types of analytical testing as well. sp 67-69 sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1 Homo sapiens 81-84 30977110-5 2019 OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that LPS induced lung injury leads not only to an attenuated inflammation but also to a reduced SP expression and decreased structural damage in CD26/DPP4- rats. sp 122-124 dipeptidylpeptidase 4 Rattus norvegicus 176-180 30977110-10 2019 CONCLUSIONS: Less pulmonary inflammation combined with less structural alterations and minor expression of immunomodulating SP may be an indication of the critical role of CD26/DPP4 in regulating lung inflammation. sp 124-126 dipeptidylpeptidase 4 Rattus norvegicus 177-181 29916965-16 2019 Although SP seems to be associated with a relatively benign short-term course, occurrence of SP in CTD patients may be a poor prognostic factor. sp 93-95 CTD Homo sapiens 99-102 31083770-6 2019 The occurrence and duration of SP (SP-MD) in mother-infant interactions were analyzed from the videotapes. sp 31-33 myosin heavy chain 7 Homo sapiens 35-40 30169554-7 2019 Vimentin-positive glial cells were detected in the SP zone suggesting a potential physiological interaction between SP neurons and radial glia. sp 51-53 vimentin Mus musculus 0-8 30169554-7 2019 Vimentin-positive glial cells were detected in the SP zone suggesting a potential physiological interaction between SP neurons and radial glia. sp 116-118 vimentin Mus musculus 0-8 31083770-7 2019 Higher maternal sensitivity and depressive symptoms, better infant responsiveness, and the infant having the GG variant of the gene tryptophan hydroxylase isoform 2 (TPH2) -307 were associated with the occurrence of SP. sp 216-218 tryptophan hydroxylase 2 Homo sapiens 132-164 31083770-7 2019 Higher maternal sensitivity and depressive symptoms, better infant responsiveness, and the infant having the GG variant of the gene tryptophan hydroxylase isoform 2 (TPH2) -307 were associated with the occurrence of SP. sp 216-218 tryptophan hydroxylase 2 Homo sapiens 166-170 31222150-5 2019 Here we propose a spin-locking metasurface incorporating a transverse spin of the SP wave to selectively route the near-field beams. sp 82-84 spindlin 1 Homo sapiens 18-22 31316998-10 2019 Dogs with SP had significantly greater blood CCL2 concentrations than dogs with NSA (P = 0.032). sp 10-12 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 Canis lupus familiaris 45-49 31316998-11 2019 Dogs with SP had significantly greater effusion CCL2, IL-6, IL-10, and lactate concentrations than dogs with NSA (P <= 0.0121). sp 10-12 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 Canis lupus familiaris 48-52 31316998-11 2019 Dogs with SP had significantly greater effusion CCL2, IL-6, IL-10, and lactate concentrations than dogs with NSA (P <= 0.0121). sp 10-12 interleukin 6 Canis lupus familiaris 54-58 31316998-11 2019 Dogs with SP had significantly greater effusion CCL2, IL-6, IL-10, and lactate concentrations than dogs with NSA (P <= 0.0121). sp 10-12 interleukin 10 Canis lupus familiaris 60-65 31130399-3 2019 We have previously reported that our MEG dFNC revealed that SP change between brain meta-states (repeating patterns of network correlations which are allowed to overlap in time) significantly more often and to states which are more different, relative to HC. sp 60-62 protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 4 Homo sapiens 37-40 31388306-8 2019 Results: SP staining results showed that CDKN2B was positive in adjacent tissues and in HCC tissues from partial response (PR) patients, CDKN2B was slightly positive in stable disease (SD) patients, but negative in progression disease (PD) patients. sp 9-11 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B Homo sapiens 41-47 31222150-5 2019 Here we propose a spin-locking metasurface incorporating a transverse spin of the SP wave to selectively route the near-field beams. sp 82-84 spindlin 1 Homo sapiens 70-74 31002352-4 2019 Furthermore, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1alpha,25(OH)2D3] treatment inhibited the self-renewal capacity of SP cells by decreasing the sphere formation rate and by suppressing the mRNA expression levels of cluster of differentiation CD44, NANOG, OCT4, SOX2, Kruppel-like factor 4 and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette subfamily G member 2. sp 111-113 CD44 antigen Mus musculus 236-240 31002352-4 2019 Furthermore, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1alpha,25(OH)2D3] treatment inhibited the self-renewal capacity of SP cells by decreasing the sphere formation rate and by suppressing the mRNA expression levels of cluster of differentiation CD44, NANOG, OCT4, SOX2, Kruppel-like factor 4 and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette subfamily G member 2. sp 111-113 Nanog homeobox Mus musculus 242-247 31002352-4 2019 Furthermore, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1alpha,25(OH)2D3] treatment inhibited the self-renewal capacity of SP cells by decreasing the sphere formation rate and by suppressing the mRNA expression levels of cluster of differentiation CD44, NANOG, OCT4, SOX2, Kruppel-like factor 4 and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette subfamily G member 2. sp 111-113 POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1, related sequence 1 Mus musculus 249-253 31002352-4 2019 Furthermore, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1alpha,25(OH)2D3] treatment inhibited the self-renewal capacity of SP cells by decreasing the sphere formation rate and by suppressing the mRNA expression levels of cluster of differentiation CD44, NANOG, OCT4, SOX2, Kruppel-like factor 4 and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette subfamily G member 2. sp 111-113 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 Mus musculus 255-259 30777683-7 2019 For IS, statistically SP of hs-TnT presented the best correlation compared to other peak values [r=0.9 vs. 0.73 for FP hs-TnT; vs. 0.69 for hs-TnI; vs. 0.57 for s-TnI; respectively P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01]. sp 22-24 troponin T1, slow skeletal type Homo sapiens 31-34 30670297-9 2019 The discharge"s drug prescription complexity index is lower in SP group compared to NSP group (SP 27.9+-9.8 and NSP 32.7+-11.5, P=0.02). sp 63-65 sperm antigen with calponin homology and coiled-coil domains 1 Homo sapiens 112-115 30978003-2 2019 In this work, a spectral-resolved single-particle detection (SPD) method is introduced to quantify alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in human serum with a supraparticle (SP) based on MnO2-modified gold nanoparticle (denoted as GNP@MnO2 SP) as the probe. sp 61-63 alkaline phosphatase, placental Homo sapiens 99-119 30978003-2 2019 In this work, a spectral-resolved single-particle detection (SPD) method is introduced to quantify alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in human serum with a supraparticle (SP) based on MnO2-modified gold nanoparticle (denoted as GNP@MnO2 SP) as the probe. sp 61-63 alkaline phosphatase, placental Homo sapiens 121-124 30777683-10 2019 CONCLUSION: The SP of hs-TnT had the greatest level of correlation and therefore seems to be the best biological parameter to evaluate and characterize infarct size. sp 16-18 troponin T1, slow skeletal type Homo sapiens 25-28 30777683-8 2019 For MVO size, statistically SP of hs-TnT presented the best correlation compared to other peak values [r=0.84 vs. 0.75 for FP hs-TnT; vs. 0.72 for hs-TnI; vs. 0.62 for s-TnI; respectively P=0.01, P<0.01, P<0.01]. sp 28-30 troponin T1, slow skeletal type Homo sapiens 37-40 30884317-3 2019 Then, SP was efficiently linked into TSP-1 aptamers with the addition of complementary linking strands to form M1 (SP/aptamer). sp 6-8 thrombospondin 1 Homo sapiens 37-42 30926643-5 2019 By flow cytometry analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and confocal microscopy, CD163+CD206+ DP macrophages predominated in the lamina propria of uninfected animals, compared with CD163+CD206- SP macrophages, which predominated in the lamina propria in animals with SIV infection that were exhibiting AIDS. sp 195-197 CD163 molecule Homo sapiens 82-87 30098415-5 2019 Using 4.8 g SP, more than 95% of phosphate, present at an initial concentration of 50 mg L-1, could be removed from PPS and PPS containing alcohols after 120 min. sp 12-14 immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16 Homo sapiens 89-92 31065299-7 2019 Our final multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested plasma endocan expression as the only independent risk factor for ARDS development in SP patients (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.14-2.25, P=0.021). sp 148-150 endothelial cell specific molecule 1 Homo sapiens 69-76 31065299-9 2019 Conclusions: Endocan expression at ICU admission is a reliable predictive factor in predicting ARDS in patients with SP. sp 117-119 endothelial cell specific molecule 1 Homo sapiens 13-20 30949296-10 2019 These data and the expression of UCP1 protein, indicated that SP pretreatment produced a bias toward brown adipocyte differentiation. sp 62-64 uncoupling protein 1 Homo sapiens 33-37 32254773-5 2019 SP could activate the CD47-SIRPalpha immune response, which reduced phagocytosis of the nanoparticles by macrophages. sp 0-2 signal regulatory protein alpha Homo sapiens 27-36 30534943-3 2019 We further indicated that thymic plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) expressing IL-23 receptors constitutively produced Ifna, which plays a role in single positive (SP) cell maturation, in an Il23a-dependent manner. sp 165-167 interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19 Mus musculus 80-85 30534943-3 2019 We further indicated that thymic plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) expressing IL-23 receptors constitutively produced Ifna, which plays a role in single positive (SP) cell maturation, in an Il23a-dependent manner. sp 165-167 interferon alpha Mus musculus 120-124 30664164-5 2019 Expression of ABCG2 and activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway was positively associated with the proportion of SP cells in the NCI-H929 cell line. sp 180-182 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 14-19 30664164-5 2019 Expression of ABCG2 and activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway was positively associated with the proportion of SP cells in the NCI-H929 cell line. sp 180-182 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 79-82 30664164-5 2019 Expression of ABCG2 and activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway was positively associated with the proportion of SP cells in the NCI-H929 cell line. sp 180-182 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 108-111 30367961-7 2019 In controls, Tian led to an increase in the number of PV+ and GAD67+ cells in SP of all subregions and PV+ interneurons in ML-GCL of DG, while treatment during CSIS, compared to CSIS alone, resulted with an increase of PV+ interneurons in SO and SP CA1, SP CA2/CA3 and ML-GCL DG with simultaneous increase in GAD67+ cells in all CA1, LM CA2, SO/SR/LM CA3. sp 78-80 glutamate decarboxylase 1 Rattus norvegicus 62-67 30610105-4 2019 The mechanism of CF3DODA-Me-induced Sp-downregulation involved ROS-dependent repression of c-Myc and cMyc-regulated miR-27a and miR-17/20a, and this resulted in induction of the miRNA-regulated Sp repressors ZBTB4, ZBTB10, and ZBTB34. sp 36-38 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 91-96 30610105-4 2019 The mechanism of CF3DODA-Me-induced Sp-downregulation involved ROS-dependent repression of c-Myc and cMyc-regulated miR-27a and miR-17/20a, and this resulted in induction of the miRNA-regulated Sp repressors ZBTB4, ZBTB10, and ZBTB34. sp 36-38 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 101-105 30610105-4 2019 The mechanism of CF3DODA-Me-induced Sp-downregulation involved ROS-dependent repression of c-Myc and cMyc-regulated miR-27a and miR-17/20a, and this resulted in induction of the miRNA-regulated Sp repressors ZBTB4, ZBTB10, and ZBTB34. sp 36-38 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 116-123 30610105-4 2019 The mechanism of CF3DODA-Me-induced Sp-downregulation involved ROS-dependent repression of c-Myc and cMyc-regulated miR-27a and miR-17/20a, and this resulted in induction of the miRNA-regulated Sp repressors ZBTB4, ZBTB10, and ZBTB34. sp 36-38 microRNA 17 Homo sapiens 128-134 30610105-4 2019 The mechanism of CF3DODA-Me-induced Sp-downregulation involved ROS-dependent repression of c-Myc and cMyc-regulated miR-27a and miR-17/20a, and this resulted in induction of the miRNA-regulated Sp repressors ZBTB4, ZBTB10, and ZBTB34. sp 36-38 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 Homo sapiens 208-213 30610105-4 2019 The mechanism of CF3DODA-Me-induced Sp-downregulation involved ROS-dependent repression of c-Myc and cMyc-regulated miR-27a and miR-17/20a, and this resulted in induction of the miRNA-regulated Sp repressors ZBTB4, ZBTB10, and ZBTB34. sp 36-38 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 215-221 30610105-4 2019 The mechanism of CF3DODA-Me-induced Sp-downregulation involved ROS-dependent repression of c-Myc and cMyc-regulated miR-27a and miR-17/20a, and this resulted in induction of the miRNA-regulated Sp repressors ZBTB4, ZBTB10, and ZBTB34. sp 36-38 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 34 Homo sapiens 227-233 30610105-4 2019 The mechanism of CF3DODA-Me-induced Sp-downregulation involved ROS-dependent repression of c-Myc and cMyc-regulated miR-27a and miR-17/20a, and this resulted in induction of the miRNA-regulated Sp repressors ZBTB4, ZBTB10, and ZBTB34. sp 194-196 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 91-96 30610105-4 2019 The mechanism of CF3DODA-Me-induced Sp-downregulation involved ROS-dependent repression of c-Myc and cMyc-regulated miR-27a and miR-17/20a, and this resulted in induction of the miRNA-regulated Sp repressors ZBTB4, ZBTB10, and ZBTB34. sp 194-196 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 101-105 30343511-4 2019 Herein, we showed that SP cells expressed higher levels of enhancer of zeste homolog (EZH) 1 and EZH2, which encode the catalytic subunits of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), than non-SP cells, suggesting that EZH1 as well as EZH2 contributes to the stemness maintenance of the MM cells and that targeting both EZH1/2 is potentially a significant therapeutic approach for eradicating myeloma stem cells. sp 23-25 enhancer of zeste 1 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit Homo sapiens 59-92 30516367-2 2019 Herein, single-particle (SP) electrodes, where aggregated LiMn xFe1- xPO4 is dispersed into SPs so they can distribute homogeneously in the carbon-nanotube networks, have been prepared and characterized to probe the degradation mechanism of LiMn xFe1- xPO4 for the first time. sp 25-27 exportin 4 Homo sapiens 69-73 30516367-3 2019 Compared with a conventionally prepared cathode, the SP LiMn xFe1- xPO4 cathode shows prominent capacity-fading with cycle numbers, which can be attributed to the formation of the MnF2 nanocrystals on the surface of LiMn xFe1- xPO4 because of the reaction between F- and dissolved Mn2+ at the interface between the electrolyte and LiMn xFe1- xPO4. sp 53-55 exportin 4 Homo sapiens 67-71 30516367-3 2019 Compared with a conventionally prepared cathode, the SP LiMn xFe1- xPO4 cathode shows prominent capacity-fading with cycle numbers, which can be attributed to the formation of the MnF2 nanocrystals on the surface of LiMn xFe1- xPO4 because of the reaction between F- and dissolved Mn2+ at the interface between the electrolyte and LiMn xFe1- xPO4. sp 53-55 exportin 4 Homo sapiens 227-231 30516367-3 2019 Compared with a conventionally prepared cathode, the SP LiMn xFe1- xPO4 cathode shows prominent capacity-fading with cycle numbers, which can be attributed to the formation of the MnF2 nanocrystals on the surface of LiMn xFe1- xPO4 because of the reaction between F- and dissolved Mn2+ at the interface between the electrolyte and LiMn xFe1- xPO4. sp 53-55 exportin 4 Homo sapiens 227-231 30261747-10 2019 Correlates of presenting with SP included: younger age (aRR = 1.55 [95%CI = 1.30-1.85]), female sex (aRR = 1.45 [95%CI = 1.21-1.73]), and school enrollment (aRR = 1.41 [95%CI = 1.05-1.88]). sp 30-32 arrestin beta 1 Homo sapiens 56-63 30261747-10 2019 Correlates of presenting with SP included: younger age (aRR = 1.55 [95%CI = 1.30-1.85]), female sex (aRR = 1.45 [95%CI = 1.21-1.73]), and school enrollment (aRR = 1.41 [95%CI = 1.05-1.88]). sp 30-32 arrestin beta 1 Homo sapiens 101-108 30261747-10 2019 Correlates of presenting with SP included: younger age (aRR = 1.55 [95%CI = 1.30-1.85]), female sex (aRR = 1.45 [95%CI = 1.21-1.73]), and school enrollment (aRR = 1.41 [95%CI = 1.05-1.88]). sp 30-32 arrestin beta 1 Homo sapiens 101-108 30343511-4 2019 Herein, we showed that SP cells expressed higher levels of enhancer of zeste homolog (EZH) 1 and EZH2, which encode the catalytic subunits of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), than non-SP cells, suggesting that EZH1 as well as EZH2 contributes to the stemness maintenance of the MM cells and that targeting both EZH1/2 is potentially a significant therapeutic approach for eradicating myeloma stem cells. sp 23-25 enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit Homo sapiens 97-101 30343511-4 2019 Herein, we showed that SP cells expressed higher levels of enhancer of zeste homolog (EZH) 1 and EZH2, which encode the catalytic subunits of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), than non-SP cells, suggesting that EZH1 as well as EZH2 contributes to the stemness maintenance of the MM cells and that targeting both EZH1/2 is potentially a significant therapeutic approach for eradicating myeloma stem cells. sp 23-25 enhancer of zeste 1 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit Homo sapiens 215-219 30343511-4 2019 Herein, we showed that SP cells expressed higher levels of enhancer of zeste homolog (EZH) 1 and EZH2, which encode the catalytic subunits of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), than non-SP cells, suggesting that EZH1 as well as EZH2 contributes to the stemness maintenance of the MM cells and that targeting both EZH1/2 is potentially a significant therapeutic approach for eradicating myeloma stem cells. sp 23-25 enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit Homo sapiens 231-235 30343511-4 2019 Herein, we showed that SP cells expressed higher levels of enhancer of zeste homolog (EZH) 1 and EZH2, which encode the catalytic subunits of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), than non-SP cells, suggesting that EZH1 as well as EZH2 contributes to the stemness maintenance of the MM cells and that targeting both EZH1/2 is potentially a significant therapeutic approach for eradicating myeloma stem cells. sp 23-25 enhancer of zeste 1 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit Homo sapiens 316-322 30343511-5 2019 A novel orally bioavailable EZH1/2 dual inhibitor, OR-S1, effectively eradicated SP cells and had a greater antitumor effect than a selective EZH2 inhibitor in vitro and in vivo, including a unique patient-derived xenograft model. sp 81-83 enhancer of zeste 1 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit Homo sapiens 28-32 30343511-5 2019 A novel orally bioavailable EZH1/2 dual inhibitor, OR-S1, effectively eradicated SP cells and had a greater antitumor effect than a selective EZH2 inhibitor in vitro and in vivo, including a unique patient-derived xenograft model. sp 81-83 olfactory receptor family 11 subfamily H member 4 Mus musculus 51-56 30713573-7 2019 Further studies indicated that SHL suppressed SP-elevated mouse mast cell protease-1 and IgE levels, prevented Th2 differentiation in mediastinal lymph nodes, and lowered Th2 cytokine (e.g., IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) production in BALF. sp 46-48 mast cell protease 1 Mus musculus 64-84 30713573-7 2019 Further studies indicated that SHL suppressed SP-elevated mouse mast cell protease-1 and IgE levels, prevented Th2 differentiation in mediastinal lymph nodes, and lowered Th2 cytokine (e.g., IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) production in BALF. sp 46-48 interleukin 4 Mus musculus 191-195 30713573-7 2019 Further studies indicated that SHL suppressed SP-elevated mouse mast cell protease-1 and IgE levels, prevented Th2 differentiation in mediastinal lymph nodes, and lowered Th2 cytokine (e.g., IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) production in BALF. sp 46-48 interleukin 5 Mus musculus 197-201 30713573-7 2019 Further studies indicated that SHL suppressed SP-elevated mouse mast cell protease-1 and IgE levels, prevented Th2 differentiation in mediastinal lymph nodes, and lowered Th2 cytokine (e.g., IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) production in BALF. sp 46-48 interleukin 13 Mus musculus 207-212 30643464-9 2019 Results: Results showed that OCT4 was upregulated in the SP of SKOV3 and A2780 cells when compared with the NSP cells. sp 57-59 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 29-33 30643464-10 2019 Downregulation of OCT4 inhibited SP cell viability, tumorigenesis, and reduced cell drug resistance and induced a G2/M phase arrest, while upregulation of OCT4 conferred NSP cell malignant features. sp 33-35 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 18-22 30338211-10 2018 An Akt inhibitor reversed the changes in SP expression in vitro. sp 41-43 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 3-6 30484647-11 2018 However, MP2 method correctly locates an identical roaming SP for a larger p-coumaryl alcohol model involving hydroxyphenyl substituent at Cgamma atom of AA. sp 59-61 tryptase pseudogene 1 Homo sapiens 9-12 30274780-3 2018 CXCR4 overexpression by pcDNA-CXCR4 transfection robustly increased ABCG2 expression, and promoted SFE and growth of hypoxic SP cells, while CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 could suppress the promotion. sp 125-127 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 0-5 30274780-3 2018 CXCR4 overexpression by pcDNA-CXCR4 transfection robustly increased ABCG2 expression, and promoted SFE and growth of hypoxic SP cells, while CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 could suppress the promotion. sp 125-127 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 30-35 30274780-3 2018 CXCR4 overexpression by pcDNA-CXCR4 transfection robustly increased ABCG2 expression, and promoted SFE and growth of hypoxic SP cells, while CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 could suppress the promotion. sp 125-127 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 30-35 30234458-16 2018 Early-passage cells in the conventional-treated cell line showed more SP cells with higher expressions of NANOG, OCT4 and BMI1 proteins. sp 70-72 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 113-117 30483118-8 2018 In the CA1 SP of Tg 6M mice, we found signs of reactive astrogliosis, such as increase of astrocytes density in SP, increase of GFAP expression in SR, and elongation of astrocytes branches. sp 11-13 carbonic anhydrase 1 Mus musculus 7-10 30120100-8 2018 In the presence of Doxo, miR-491 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of ASA on the cell viability of SP cells, which was significantly reversed by knockdown of ABCG2 (P<0.05).Conclusion: ASA enhanced the sensitivity of SP cells to Doxo via regulating the miR-491/ABCG2 signaling pathway. sp 105-107 microRNA 491 Homo sapiens 25-32 30120100-8 2018 In the presence of Doxo, miR-491 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of ASA on the cell viability of SP cells, which was significantly reversed by knockdown of ABCG2 (P<0.05).Conclusion: ASA enhanced the sensitivity of SP cells to Doxo via regulating the miR-491/ABCG2 signaling pathway. sp 105-107 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 164-169 30120100-8 2018 In the presence of Doxo, miR-491 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of ASA on the cell viability of SP cells, which was significantly reversed by knockdown of ABCG2 (P<0.05).Conclusion: ASA enhanced the sensitivity of SP cells to Doxo via regulating the miR-491/ABCG2 signaling pathway. sp 105-107 microRNA 491 Homo sapiens 262-269 30120100-8 2018 In the presence of Doxo, miR-491 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of ASA on the cell viability of SP cells, which was significantly reversed by knockdown of ABCG2 (P<0.05).Conclusion: ASA enhanced the sensitivity of SP cells to Doxo via regulating the miR-491/ABCG2 signaling pathway. sp 105-107 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 270-275 30120100-8 2018 In the presence of Doxo, miR-491 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of ASA on the cell viability of SP cells, which was significantly reversed by knockdown of ABCG2 (P<0.05).Conclusion: ASA enhanced the sensitivity of SP cells to Doxo via regulating the miR-491/ABCG2 signaling pathway. sp 226-228 microRNA 491 Homo sapiens 25-32 30120100-8 2018 In the presence of Doxo, miR-491 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effect of ASA on the cell viability of SP cells, which was significantly reversed by knockdown of ABCG2 (P<0.05).Conclusion: ASA enhanced the sensitivity of SP cells to Doxo via regulating the miR-491/ABCG2 signaling pathway. sp 226-228 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 164-169 30189860-8 2018 Among the patients with UP >=1 g/gCr, the SP group showed significantly better renal outcome (p < 0.001) than the OS and NS groups. sp 45-47 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 Homo sapiens 36-39 30180620-6 2018 During SP, mean CRP showed high determinism (>=85%) and also brief but repeated events where both variables stay within a reduced space. sp 7-9 C-reactive protein Homo sapiens 16-19 29698666-3 2018 In this study, we found YAP1 was significantly expressed in the SP cells, as well as in generated hepatospheres compared to non-SP or parental HCC cells, at transcript and/or protein levels. sp 64-66 Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator Homo sapiens 24-28 29698666-3 2018 In this study, we found YAP1 was significantly expressed in the SP cells, as well as in generated hepatospheres compared to non-SP or parental HCC cells, at transcript and/or protein levels. sp 128-130 Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator Homo sapiens 24-28 30020767-3 2018 With STEM-EELS mapping, the inherent interband transition in addition to a variety of transversal and longitudinal SP modes (ranging from visible down to 0.1 eV in MIR) are directly visualized and correlated with the shape, size, and thickness of Ti3C2 T x flakes. sp 115-117 membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 8 Homo sapiens 164-167 29777731-6 2018 A significant death of neurons was found in the stratum pyramidale (SP) in the CA1 area (CA1) of the hippocampus 5 days after TCI; however, IPC protected SP neurons from TCI. sp 68-70 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 79-82 29777731-6 2018 A significant death of neurons was found in the stratum pyramidale (SP) in the CA1 area (CA1) of the hippocampus 5 days after TCI; however, IPC protected SP neurons from TCI. sp 68-70 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 89-92 30029011-1 2018 Influenza neuraminidase (NA) is under selective pressure (SP) of both host immune system and drug use. sp 58-60 neuraminidase 1 Homo sapiens 10-23 29194596-8 2018 SP fractions of ovarian cancer cell lines exhibited marked overexpression of Vav3.1 (p < 0.001). sp 0-2 vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 Homo sapiens 77-81 29333947-4 2018 RESULTS: Anti-HBs GMCs and SP rates in the DTaP-IPV-HB-PRP~T and DTaP-IPV-HB/PRP~T groups were high and similar post-primary vaccination series (2477 mIU/mL and 99.5% and 2442 mIU/mL and 99.5%, respectively) and declined to a similar extent in each group at 12-18 months (154.5 mIU/mL and 90.8% and 162.3 mIU/mL and 96.5%, respectively). sp 27-29 prion protein Homo sapiens 55-58 29725375-3 2018 The expressions of SATB1 and E-cad in tissues was detected via streptavidin peroxidase biotin (SP) immunohistochemical method, and the relationship with clinicopathological features of patients was analyzed. sp 95-97 SATB homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 19-24 29725375-3 2018 The expressions of SATB1 and E-cad in tissues was detected via streptavidin peroxidase biotin (SP) immunohistochemical method, and the relationship with clinicopathological features of patients was analyzed. sp 95-97 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 29-34 29673952-8 2018 RESULTS: The miRNA cluster on chromosome 19 (C19MC) was enriched in SP and in HCCs with a high SP fraction. sp 95-97 holocytochrome c synthase Homo sapiens 78-82 29757216-4 2018 Herein, we observed lower sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) expression in NOD mouse thymocytes when compared with controls, mainly in the mature SP CD4+CD62Lhi and CD8+CD62Lhi subpopulations bearing the CD49e&minus; phenotype. sp 153-155 sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 Mus musculus 26-60 29757216-4 2018 Herein, we observed lower sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) expression in NOD mouse thymocytes when compared with controls, mainly in the mature SP CD4+CD62Lhi and CD8+CD62Lhi subpopulations bearing the CD49e&minus; phenotype. sp 153-155 sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 Mus musculus 62-66 29194596-14 2018 In conclusion, Vav3.1 is over-expressed in stem-cell like SP fractions and is clinically relevant in the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer. sp 58-60 vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 Homo sapiens 15-19 28702872-8 2018 Moreover, SP diet significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase genes (GPx1, GPx4) while it downregulated heat stress biomarkers such as heat shock protein (HSP) 70 as compared to C, P, and SS diets. sp 10-12 glutathione peroxidase 1 Gallus gallus 107-111 28702872-8 2018 Moreover, SP diet significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase genes (GPx1, GPx4) while it downregulated heat stress biomarkers such as heat shock protein (HSP) 70 as compared to C, P, and SS diets. sp 10-12 glutathione peroxidase 4 Gallus gallus 113-117 28702872-8 2018 Moreover, SP diet significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase genes (GPx1, GPx4) while it downregulated heat stress biomarkers such as heat shock protein (HSP) 70 as compared to C, P, and SS diets. sp 10-12 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 2 Gallus gallus 173-200 28499316-4 2018 The proportion of patients with DAT (Alzheimer"s Disease) had increased from 45.8 % to 61.7 % in SP. sp 97-99 solute carrier family 6 member 3 Homo sapiens 32-35 29168248-13 2018 CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: CRP levels are increased in dogs with PF and exceed levels found in most dogs with SP. sp 119-121 C-reactive protein Canis lupus familiaris 36-39 29515520-3 2018 In non-seasonal male rodents, such as rats and mice, short-day photoperiod (SP) conditions or exogenous melatonin treatment also have anti-gonadotropic effects; however, whether photoperiod is able to modulate the puberty onset or Kiss1 gene expression in mice is unknown. sp 76-78 KiSS-1 metastasis-suppressor Mus musculus 231-236 29545514-5 2018 RESULTS The results of SP showed that NLRP3 and caspase-1 were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, mesenchymal cells, and trophoblast cells in fetal membranes, and the cytoplasm of placental syncytiotrophoblasts and vascular endothelial cells in placental tissues. sp 23-25 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 Homo sapiens 38-43 29545514-5 2018 RESULTS The results of SP showed that NLRP3 and caspase-1 were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, mesenchymal cells, and trophoblast cells in fetal membranes, and the cytoplasm of placental syncytiotrophoblasts and vascular endothelial cells in placental tissues. sp 23-25 caspase 1 Homo sapiens 48-57 29655684-10 2018 In addition, SP treatment markedly reduced the infarct size and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity; inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and Caspase-3 activation both in vivo and in vitro; and decreased intracellular calcium overload, Cav1.2, phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK), and p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK) levels in ischemic myocardium. sp 13-15 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 146-155 29655684-10 2018 In addition, SP treatment markedly reduced the infarct size and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity; inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and Caspase-3 activation both in vivo and in vitro; and decreased intracellular calcium overload, Cav1.2, phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK), and p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK) levels in ischemic myocardium. sp 13-15 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Rattus norvegicus 263-266 29655684-10 2018 In addition, SP treatment markedly reduced the infarct size and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity; inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and Caspase-3 activation both in vivo and in vitro; and decreased intracellular calcium overload, Cav1.2, phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK), and p38 MAPK (p-p38 MAPK) levels in ischemic myocardium. sp 13-15 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Rattus norvegicus 270-273 29655684-11 2018 CONCLUSION: SP alleviated cardiac ischemic injury and inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis by attenuating intracellular calcium overload, suppressing Caspase-3 activation, and downregulating protein expression of p-JNK and p-p38MAPK. sp 12-14 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 147-156 29655684-11 2018 CONCLUSION: SP alleviated cardiac ischemic injury and inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis by attenuating intracellular calcium overload, suppressing Caspase-3 activation, and downregulating protein expression of p-JNK and p-p38MAPK. sp 12-14 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Rattus norvegicus 212-215 29518110-2 2018 Reported here is a 3.7 A structure of PRMT5, solved in complex with regulatory binding subunit MEP50 (methylosome associated protein 50, WDR77, p44), by single particle (SP) cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) using micrographs of particles that are visibly crowded and aggregated. sp 170-172 protein arginine methyltransferase 5 Homo sapiens 38-43 29518110-2 2018 Reported here is a 3.7 A structure of PRMT5, solved in complex with regulatory binding subunit MEP50 (methylosome associated protein 50, WDR77, p44), by single particle (SP) cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) using micrographs of particles that are visibly crowded and aggregated. sp 170-172 WD repeat domain 77 Homo sapiens 95-100 29518110-2 2018 Reported here is a 3.7 A structure of PRMT5, solved in complex with regulatory binding subunit MEP50 (methylosome associated protein 50, WDR77, p44), by single particle (SP) cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) using micrographs of particles that are visibly crowded and aggregated. sp 170-172 WD repeat domain 77 Homo sapiens 102-135 29518110-2 2018 Reported here is a 3.7 A structure of PRMT5, solved in complex with regulatory binding subunit MEP50 (methylosome associated protein 50, WDR77, p44), by single particle (SP) cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) using micrographs of particles that are visibly crowded and aggregated. sp 170-172 WD repeat domain 77 Homo sapiens 137-142 29432148-5 2018 Using these experiments, backbone resonance assignments were completed for the unstructured regulatory domain (residues 131-294) of the human transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATC2), which includes 28 proline residues located in functionally important serine-proline (SP) repeats. sp 294-296 nuclear factor of activated T cells 2 Homo sapiens 200-206 29515520-5 2018 We observed that SP condition delayed the timing of puberty in female mice, decreased the hypothalamic expression of genes related to the reproductive axis and reduced the number of Kiss1-expressing neurons in the rostral hypothalamus. sp 17-19 KiSS-1 metastasis-suppressor Mus musculus 182-187 29515520-8 2018 These results suggest that the SP delays the timing of puberty in female mice via changes in the kisspeptin system, although the effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis are likely secondary to changes in body weight gain. sp 31-33 KiSS-1 metastasis-suppressor Mus musculus 97-107 29447240-6 2018 A significantly higher percentage of CD27+ memory B cells was observed in patients with SP. sp 88-90 CD27 molecule Homo sapiens 37-41 29336887-1 2018 The bacterial chaperonin GroEL and its cofactor, GroES, form a nano-cage for a single molecule of substrate protein (SP) to fold in isolation. sp 117-119 GroEL Escherichia coli 25-30 29448613-1 2018 Styrenated phenols (SPs) involving very small amount of unreacted phenol and high content of di-SP (DSP) were synthesized, which can be used to prepare SP alkoxylate. sp 20-22 serine protease 30, pseudogene Homo sapiens 93-98 29336887-1 2018 The bacterial chaperonin GroEL and its cofactor, GroES, form a nano-cage for a single molecule of substrate protein (SP) to fold in isolation. sp 117-119 chaperonin GroES Escherichia coli 49-54 29336887-5 2018 Ring separation occurs upon ATP-binding to the trans ring of the asymmetric GroEL:7ADP:GroES complex in the presence or absence of SP and is a consequence of inter-ring negative allostery. sp 131-133 GroEL Escherichia coli 76-81 29336887-5 2018 Ring separation occurs upon ATP-binding to the trans ring of the asymmetric GroEL:7ADP:GroES complex in the presence or absence of SP and is a consequence of inter-ring negative allostery. sp 131-133 chaperonin GroES Escherichia coli 87-92 29083190-6 2018 Surprisingly, sP rats exhibited marked quantitative and qualitative differences with respect to sNP rats, namely higher levels of proteoforms originating from submandibular gland protein C, and from submandibular rat protein 2, as well as those of several unidentified peptides and proteins. sp 14-16 submandibular gland protein C Rattus norvegicus 159-226 29367724-1 2018 Cancer side-population (SP) represents a sub-population of stem-like cancer cells that have an important role in drug resistance due to their high expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 involved in drug export. sp 24-26 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 198-203 29367724-5 2018 Reactive oxygen species (ROS) had an important role in mediating AF-induced depletion of SP cells, which could be reversed by antioxidant NAC. sp 89-91 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 138-141 29083190-7 2018 sP rats expressed some proteins not detectable in sNP rats such as the glutamine and glutamic acid-rich protein (GRP)-CB. sp 0-2 proline rich 4 Rattus norvegicus 85-120 28497176-3 2018 METHODS: Patients received 5-weekly SP therapy (S-1 at 40-60 mg twice daily for 21 days plus cisplatin at 60 mg/m2 on day 8, every 5 weeks) plus trastuzumab therapy (first dose of 8 mg/kg, then 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks). sp 36-38 proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 1 Homo sapiens 48-51 29792038-4 2018 Our fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and quantitative RT-PCR analyses of side population (SP) indicated that CD133+ cells were [Formula: see text]-catenin-overexpressing, more aggressive, and resistant to the conventional anticancer agents, Cisplatin and Doxorubicin, when compared to [Formula: see text]-catenin-downregulated group. sp 100-102 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 119-124 28946749-2 2018 The loop sequence of this SP is perfectly complementary to microRNA-21 (miR-21) sequence. sp 26-28 microRNA 21 Homo sapiens 59-70 28946749-2 2018 The loop sequence of this SP is perfectly complementary to microRNA-21 (miR-21) sequence. sp 26-28 microRNA 21 Homo sapiens 72-78 28946749-5 2018 The fluorescence of the SP is significantly quenched by the guanine bases at room temperature and in the absence of the miR-21 target. sp 24-26 microRNA 21 Homo sapiens 120-126 28946749-6 2018 The presence of miR-21 switches on the fluorescence due to spontaneous hybridization of the SP with this target, which also forces the stem hybrid of the SP apart. sp 92-94 microRNA 21 Homo sapiens 16-22 28946749-6 2018 The presence of miR-21 switches on the fluorescence due to spontaneous hybridization of the SP with this target, which also forces the stem hybrid of the SP apart. sp 154-156 microRNA 21 Homo sapiens 16-22 28946749-7 2018 This new SP successfully discriminated between the perfect miR-21 target and two closely similar single-base mismatch sequences. sp 9-11 microRNA 21 Homo sapiens 59-65 28946749-8 2018 When the SP was incubated with the miR-21 at 37 C, the hybridization kinetics increased seven times, compared to room temperature hybridization. sp 9-11 microRNA 21 Homo sapiens 35-41 28497176-9 2018 CONCLUSIONS: Five-weekly SP therapy combined with trastuzumab therapy showed a good antitumor response and acceptable toxicity in HER2-positive advanced GC/EGJC. sp 25-27 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 130-134 29099628-1 2018 BACKGROUND: CD1d-dependent invariant natural killer (iNKT) cells are found as either CD4 single positive (SP) or CD4/CD8 double negative (DN) cells in mice. sp 106-108 CD1d1 antigen Mus musculus 12-16 30381626-6 2018 Gut permeability estimated by urinary chromium-EDTA excretion, bacterial translocation into mesenteric lymph nodes, myeloperoxidase activity, and expressions of the inflammatory cytokine genes in the cecal mucosa were greater in SP+FOS than in SP, but these alterations were not observed between NP and NP+FOS (experiment 1). sp 229-231 myeloperoxidase Rattus norvegicus 116-131 29425659-18 2018 The protective effects of SP are associated with the activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1-SOD-2 signaling pathway. sp 26-28 heme oxygenase 1 Mus musculus 77-81 29425659-11 2018 RESULTS: Pretreatment with SP led to decreased levels of ALT and AST in APAP mice, without affecting APAP metabolism. sp 27-29 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 57-60 29425659-11 2018 RESULTS: Pretreatment with SP led to decreased levels of ALT and AST in APAP mice, without affecting APAP metabolism. sp 27-29 solute carrier family 17 (anion/sugar transporter), member 5 Mus musculus 65-68 29425659-18 2018 The protective effects of SP are associated with the activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1-SOD-2 signaling pathway. sp 26-28 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 82-87 29425659-13 2018 SP increased the activity of SOD as well as SOD-2 expression in APAP mice. sp 0-2 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 29-32 29215596-5 2017 Our results suggest that Sp contributes to a faster and possibly higher level of CXCL10/IP-10 expression induced by RSV infection in human MDMs. sp 25-27 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 Homo sapiens 81-87 29425659-13 2018 SP increased the activity of SOD as well as SOD-2 expression in APAP mice. sp 0-2 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial Mus musculus 44-49 29425659-14 2018 SP suppressed APAP-induced JNK phosphorylation and increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. sp 0-2 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Mus musculus 27-30 29425659-14 2018 SP suppressed APAP-induced JNK phosphorylation and increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. sp 0-2 B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 Mus musculus 74-79 29425659-14 2018 SP suppressed APAP-induced JNK phosphorylation and increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. sp 0-2 BCL2-associated X protein Mus musculus 80-83 29425659-15 2018 Furthermore, SP decreased the expression of Keap-1 and increased the nuclear expression of Nrf-2. sp 13-15 kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 Mus musculus 44-50 29425659-15 2018 Furthermore, SP decreased the expression of Keap-1 and increased the nuclear expression of Nrf-2. sp 13-15 nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2 Mus musculus 91-96 29425659-16 2018 The expression of Nrf-2 target gene HO-1 was increased by SP pretreatment in APAP mice. sp 58-60 nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2 Mus musculus 18-23 29425659-16 2018 The expression of Nrf-2 target gene HO-1 was increased by SP pretreatment in APAP mice. sp 58-60 heme oxygenase 1 Mus musculus 36-40 29425659-18 2018 The protective effects of SP are associated with the activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1-SOD-2 signaling pathway. sp 26-28 nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2 Mus musculus 71-76 29128737-9 2018 The rate of SP conversion was higher for Interferon-beta1b 250mcg (HR = 2.054; p = 0.042), and not-significantly higher for Interferon-beta1a 30mcg (HR = 1.884; p = 0.081), when compared with Interferon-beta1a 44mcg. sp 12-14 interferon beta 1 Homo sapiens 41-57 29569995-6 2018 Phosphorylation targets multiple serine-proline (SP) or threonine-proline (TP) residues within the PABP1 linker region. sp 49-51 poly(A) binding protein cytoplasmic 1 Homo sapiens 99-104 29215596-5 2017 Our results suggest that Sp contributes to a faster and possibly higher level of CXCL10/IP-10 expression induced by RSV infection in human MDMs. sp 25-27 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 Homo sapiens 88-93 29181098-3 2017 The present study identified a SP in the mouse HF expressing the ABCG2 transporter and MTS24 surface marker. sp 31-33 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 65-70 29117457-4 2017 Under both SP and LP conditions, TSHbeta expression was between 3- and 14-fold higher at night than in the day, suggesting that TSHbeta expression cycles in a diurnal pattern irrespective of photoperiod. sp 11-13 thyroid stimulating hormone beta Gallus gallus 33-40 29117457-4 2017 Under both SP and LP conditions, TSHbeta expression was between 3- and 14-fold higher at night than in the day, suggesting that TSHbeta expression cycles in a diurnal pattern irrespective of photoperiod. sp 11-13 thyroid stimulating hormone beta Gallus gallus 128-135 29181098-5 2017 Consistent with their SP characteristic, they demonstrated elevated expression of ABCG2 transporter, which participates in the dye efflux. sp 22-24 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 82-87 29158481-2 2017 An ejaculate protein called sex peptide (SP) acts on uterine neurons to trigger this behavioural change, but it is still unclear how the SP signal modifies the mating decision. sp 41-43 Sex Peptide Drosophila melanogaster 28-39 29169370-12 2017 Activation of PI3K/AKT signalling drives SP"s into an undifferentiated, anti-apoptotic stage through upregulating P21, P27,cFLIP expression. sp 41-43 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 29169370-12 2017 Activation of PI3K/AKT signalling drives SP"s into an undifferentiated, anti-apoptotic stage through upregulating P21, P27,cFLIP expression. sp 41-43 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 114-117 29169370-15 2017 Disruption of PIK3CA-NF-kappaB loop by Wortamannin reduces SP fraction by 1.4-1.6 fold in control and treated cells. sp 59-61 phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha Homo sapiens 14-20 29218017-15 2017 Our findings demonstrate that Six2 functions downstream of Hoxa2 as a positive regulator of mesenchymal cell proliferation during SP development. sp 130-132 sine oculis-related homeobox 2 Mus musculus 30-34 29218017-15 2017 Our findings demonstrate that Six2 functions downstream of Hoxa2 as a positive regulator of mesenchymal cell proliferation during SP development. sp 130-132 homeobox A2 Mus musculus 59-64 31245668-3 2017 As these changes resemble phenotypes observed in plants with strong expression of SELF PRUNING (SP), a member of the PEBP/CETS family, we investigated in TET3 lines the expression levels of members of the PEBP/CETS gene family, which affect shoot architecture and growth of sympodial units in tomato. sp 96-98 tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 3 Homo sapiens 154-158 29162920-5 2017 The reduction in SP cells was due to diminished survival of NCOR1-null postselection TCRbetahiCD69+ and mature TCRbetahiCD69- thymocytes. sp 17-19 nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 Mus musculus 60-65 29066952-12 2017 Unmasking phenomena of the SWC such as wake increment during the rest phase under SP was evident only among WT mice suggesting the involvement of retinal structures containing alpha-9 nAChR in masking processes. sp 82-84 integrin alpha 9 Mus musculus 176-183 28873724-2 2017 In our previous research, sardine peptides (SP) with ACE inhibitory activity were prepared. sp 44-46 angiotensin I converting enzyme Rattus norvegicus 53-56 28489423-11 2017 RA patients receiving immunosuppressive chemotherapy, TNF blockers, rituximab and other biologics responded to the H1N1 strain significantly less than healthy controls in SP rate, whereas those receiving steroids did not. sp 171-173 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 54-57 28873724-7 2017 Hence, the combinative effect of SP and QC in optimal proportion had stronger inhibition on ACE activity than SP or QC alone, and could alleviate hypertension through inhibition of ACE activity and inflammation. sp 33-35 angiotensin I converting enzyme Rattus norvegicus 92-95 28843398-5 2017 Compared to the E6/E7 SP alone, E6/E7 SP with cisplatin treatment effectively restored TP53 and RB/E2F signaling and contributes to differences in cell fate, such as apoptosis or cell cycle arrest. sp 38-40 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 87-91 28873724-7 2017 Hence, the combinative effect of SP and QC in optimal proportion had stronger inhibition on ACE activity than SP or QC alone, and could alleviate hypertension through inhibition of ACE activity and inflammation. sp 33-35 angiotensin I converting enzyme Rattus norvegicus 181-184 29726657-5 2017 The results of immunohistochemical SP showed the expression of osteocalcin in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of the fluorosis models, which was evidently higher than in the normal controls. sp 35-37 bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein 2 Mus musculus 63-74 28766672-6 2017 The pretreatment with SP also markedly reduced the CCl4-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO). sp 22-24 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 Mus musculus 51-55 28766672-6 2017 The pretreatment with SP also markedly reduced the CCl4-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO). sp 22-24 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 78-105 28766672-6 2017 The pretreatment with SP also markedly reduced the CCl4-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO). sp 22-24 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 107-116 28766672-6 2017 The pretreatment with SP also markedly reduced the CCl4-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO). sp 22-24 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 119-137 28766672-6 2017 The pretreatment with SP also markedly reduced the CCl4-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO). sp 22-24 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 139-147 28766672-6 2017 The pretreatment with SP also markedly reduced the CCl4-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO). sp 22-24 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 150-181 28766672-6 2017 The pretreatment with SP also markedly reduced the CCl4-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO). sp 22-24 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible Mus musculus 183-187 28766672-7 2017 Furthermore, the pretreatment with SP decreased hepatic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the CCl4-challenged mice. sp 35-37 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 56-76 28766672-7 2017 Furthermore, the pretreatment with SP decreased hepatic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the CCl4-challenged mice. sp 35-37 toll-like receptor 4 Mus musculus 78-82 28766672-7 2017 Furthermore, the pretreatment with SP decreased hepatic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the CCl4-challenged mice. sp 35-37 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Mus musculus 132-140 28766672-7 2017 Furthermore, the pretreatment with SP decreased hepatic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the CCl4-challenged mice. sp 35-37 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 Mus musculus 181-186 28766672-7 2017 Furthermore, the pretreatment with SP decreased hepatic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the CCl4-challenged mice. sp 35-37 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 225-247 28766672-7 2017 Furthermore, the pretreatment with SP decreased hepatic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the CCl4-challenged mice. sp 35-37 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 249-258 28766672-7 2017 Furthermore, the pretreatment with SP decreased hepatic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the CCl4-challenged mice. sp 35-37 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 Mus musculus 267-271 28766672-8 2017 These results suggest that the pretreatment with SP protected against CCl4-induced liver damage via its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. sp 49-51 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 Mus musculus 70-74 28766672-9 2017 SP might be suitable for functional foods and natural drugs in preventing CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. sp 0-2 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 Mus musculus 74-78 28663060-4 2017 Tg737 overexpression significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of SP cells in an extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2)/matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-dependent manner. sp 75-77 intraflagellar transport 88 Homo sapiens 0-5 28663060-4 2017 Tg737 overexpression significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of SP cells in an extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2)/matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-dependent manner. sp 75-77 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 90-130 28663060-4 2017 Tg737 overexpression significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of SP cells in an extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2)/matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-dependent manner. sp 75-77 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens 132-138 28663060-4 2017 Tg737 overexpression significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of SP cells in an extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2)/matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-dependent manner. sp 75-77 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 140-166 28663060-4 2017 Tg737 overexpression significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of SP cells in an extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2)/matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)-dependent manner. sp 75-77 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 168-173 28766672-3 2017 The present study focused on evaluating the protective effects and mechanisms of Seabuckthorn berry polysaccharide (SP) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity. sp 116-118 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 Mus musculus 150-154 28766672-5 2017 Pretreatment with SP significantly decreased alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels, while increasing the levels of prealbumin (PALB) in the CCl4-challenged mice, which were accompanied by diminished liver injuries, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, increased GSH levels, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. sp 18-20 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 45-65 28766672-5 2017 Pretreatment with SP significantly decreased alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels, while increasing the levels of prealbumin (PALB) in the CCl4-challenged mice, which were accompanied by diminished liver injuries, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, increased GSH levels, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. sp 18-20 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 67-70 28766672-5 2017 Pretreatment with SP significantly decreased alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels, while increasing the levels of prealbumin (PALB) in the CCl4-challenged mice, which were accompanied by diminished liver injuries, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, increased GSH levels, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. sp 18-20 solute carrier family 17 (anion/sugar transporter), member 5 Mus musculus 73-99 28766672-5 2017 Pretreatment with SP significantly decreased alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels, while increasing the levels of prealbumin (PALB) in the CCl4-challenged mice, which were accompanied by diminished liver injuries, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, increased GSH levels, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. sp 18-20 solute carrier family 17 (anion/sugar transporter), member 5 Mus musculus 101-104 28766672-5 2017 Pretreatment with SP significantly decreased alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels, while increasing the levels of prealbumin (PALB) in the CCl4-challenged mice, which were accompanied by diminished liver injuries, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, increased GSH levels, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. sp 18-20 transthyretin Mus musculus 172-182 28766672-5 2017 Pretreatment with SP significantly decreased alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels, while increasing the levels of prealbumin (PALB) in the CCl4-challenged mice, which were accompanied by diminished liver injuries, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, increased GSH levels, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. sp 18-20 transthyretin Mus musculus 184-188 28766672-5 2017 Pretreatment with SP significantly decreased alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels, while increasing the levels of prealbumin (PALB) in the CCl4-challenged mice, which were accompanied by diminished liver injuries, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, increased GSH levels, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. sp 18-20 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 Mus musculus 197-201 28806909-2 2017 Our previous work demonstrated that a soluble factor from tumor cells is able to induce a suppressor phenotype (SP) in human CD8+ T cells typified by loss of CD27/CD28 expression and acquisition of a potent suppressor function. sp 112-114 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 125-128 28806909-2 2017 Our previous work demonstrated that a soluble factor from tumor cells is able to induce a suppressor phenotype (SP) in human CD8+ T cells typified by loss of CD27/CD28 expression and acquisition of a potent suppressor function. sp 112-114 CD27 molecule Homo sapiens 158-162 28806909-2 2017 Our previous work demonstrated that a soluble factor from tumor cells is able to induce a suppressor phenotype (SP) in human CD8+ T cells typified by loss of CD27/CD28 expression and acquisition of a potent suppressor function. sp 112-114 CD28 molecule Homo sapiens 163-167 28806909-3 2017 The present study hypothesized that the soluble mechanism that is inducing the SP in CD8+ T cells are tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs). sp 79-81 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 85-88 28806909-6 2017 Furthermore, the T cell SP was characterized for the attenuation of IFN-gamma production. sp 24-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 68-77 28806909-13 2017 Galectin-1 knockout cells were found to be less able to induce T cell SP. sp 70-72 galectin 1 Homo sapiens 0-10 28806909-14 2017 Furthermore, RNA purified from the T cell SP-inducing exosomes were found to partially induce the SP when transfected into normal CD8+ T cells. sp 42-44 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 130-133 28806909-15 2017 CONCLUSIONS: For the first-time, TDEs have been identified to induce a SP in CD8+ T cells and their mode of action may be synergistic effects from exosomal proteins and RNA. sp 71-73 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 77-80 28671687-3 2017 Cases positive for fusions involving SPI1 (encoding PU.1), accounting for 3.9% (7/181) of the examined pediatric T-ALL cases, showed a double-negative (DN; CD4-CD8-) or CD8+ single-positive (SP) phenotype and had uniformly poor overall survival. sp 37-39 spleen focus forming virus (SFFV) proviral integration oncogene Mus musculus 52-56 28171700-5 2017 The association between SP and FH mutations was analyzed. sp 24-26 fumarate hydratase Homo sapiens 31-33 28675036-9 2017 We propose that Clp nanomachine plasticity underlies direction-dependent pulling mechanisms that enable versatile SP remodeling actions. sp 114-116 calmodulin like 3 Homo sapiens 16-19 28743944-7 2017 The temperature tunability of SP-enhanced SPR has potential applications in the fields of optical beam steering and metamaterial light source. sp 30-32 sepiapterin reductase Homo sapiens 42-45 28171700-9 2017 FH mutations were present in 8 patients with SP (38%) and in 1 patient without SP (13%; P = .37); 7 of these patients had kidney cancer (n for SP = 7), all with N1 disease. sp 45-47 fumarate hydratase Homo sapiens 0-2 28554247-8 2017 Pre-treatment with the mGluR1 antagonist JNJ16259685 (30 mg/kg, subcutaneous) prevented SDS-decreased SP and membrane-bound GluR1 in the VM. sp 102-104 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1 Mus musculus 23-29 27822617-6 2017 SP in ACR 4 (a: 50 %, b: 50 %, c: 50 %) was significantly lower than in ACR 3 (a: 72.9 %, b: 79.4 %, c: 80.7 %, p < 0.001), ACR 2 (a: 83.9 %, b: 85.7 %, c: 83.2 %, p < 0.001) and ACR 1 (a: 100 %, b: 88.8 %, c: 100 %; p < 0.001). sp 0-2 peroxiredoxin 5 Homo sapiens 185-190 27822617-11 2017 In women with ACR 1, 2, or 3, SP ranged between 72.9 %-100 %. sp 30-32 peroxiredoxin 5 Homo sapiens 14-19 28554247-9 2017 The mGluR5 antagonist 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP; 10 mg/kg, subcutaneous) prevented SDS-induced decrease in membrane-bound GluR1 and GluR2 in the PFC, whereas MPEP did not affect SDS-induced decrease in SP and membrane-bound GluR1 in the VM. sp 217-219 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 1 Mus musculus 4-10 28554247-8 2017 Pre-treatment with the mGluR1 antagonist JNJ16259685 (30 mg/kg, subcutaneous) prevented SDS-decreased SP and membrane-bound GluR1 in the VM. sp 102-104 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA1 (alpha 1) Mus musculus 24-29 28663742-6 2017 We also observed that the three categories of env genes i.e., RP, SP, and LTNP, had their own characteristic pattern of amino acid usage and SP and LTNP sequences shared similar patterns of amino acid usage different from RP sequences and evolutionary rate significantly influenced the amino acid usage pattern of the three different types of env gene sequences. sp 66-68 endogenous retrovirus group K member 20 Homo sapiens 46-49 28615922-9 2017 Cerebral circulation time significantly correlated with ET1 in SP-MS (r = 0.38), whereas in RR-MS CCT significantly correlated with DD (r = 0.75). sp 63-65 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 56-59 28615922-11 2017 Endothelin-1 significantly influences CCT delay in SP-MS. Diversely, CCT in RR-MS is independent of ET1 and correlates significantly with DD. sp 51-53 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 0-12 28772851-3 2017 In this case, the determination of SP transition temperature TSP can lead to significant errors in its determination. sp 35-37 thrombospondin 1 Homo sapiens 61-64 28920078-11 2017 We further show that PI3K and the NOTCH1 signaling pathway have opposite functions, and constitutive activation of NOTCH1 signaling depletes the pool of SP cells in ATL-derived cell lines. sp 153-155 notch receptor 1 Homo sapiens 115-121 28920078-12 2017 CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that in ATL, a balance between activation of the NOTCH1 and PI3K signaling pathway is the key in the control of SP cells maintenance and may offer therapeutic opportunities. sp 145-147 notch receptor 1 Homo sapiens 82-88 28450698-8 2017 The overexpression of CCN5 in SP results in EMT reversion, ER-alpha upregulation and delays in tumor growth in xenograft models. sp 30-32 cellular communication network factor 5 Homo sapiens 22-26 28450698-8 2017 The overexpression of CCN5 in SP results in EMT reversion, ER-alpha upregulation and delays in tumor growth in xenograft models. sp 30-32 estrogen receptor 1 Homo sapiens 59-67 28450698-9 2017 We reasoned that CCN5 distinguishes SP and NSP and could reprogram SP to NSP transition, thereby delaying tumor growth in the xenograft model. sp 36-38 cellular communication network factor 5 Homo sapiens 17-21 28397046-5 2017 We achieved enhanced chemotherapy sensitivity by transfecting SP cells with a hairpin-like, small interfering RNA (siRNA) eukaryotic expression plasmid targeting BCRP/ABCG2. sp 62-64 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 162-166 26580097-5 2017 Compared with non-SP cells, SP cells possessed stronger capability of sphere formation and tumorigenicity, and expressed higher levels of CD133 and CD90. sp 28-30 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 138-143 27216016-2 2017 The efficacy of tonsillectomy combined with steroid pulse (SP) administration (TSP) for clinical remission of IgAN has been reported. sp 59-61 thrombospondin 1 Homo sapiens 79-82 27216016-2 2017 The efficacy of tonsillectomy combined with steroid pulse (SP) administration (TSP) for clinical remission of IgAN has been reported. sp 59-61 IGAN1 Homo sapiens 110-114 28397046-5 2017 We achieved enhanced chemotherapy sensitivity by transfecting SP cells with a hairpin-like, small interfering RNA (siRNA) eukaryotic expression plasmid targeting BCRP/ABCG2. sp 62-64 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 167-172 28401144-3 2017 SP is mainly repaired by spore photoproduct lyase (SPL) during spore outgrowth via an unprecedented protein-harbored radical transfer pathway that is composed of at least a cysteine and two tyrosine residues. sp 0-2 sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 Homo sapiens 25-49 28395713-13 2017 However, the positive rates of CD83 and CD86 in SP-DCs were significantly higher than those of the imDCs. sp 48-50 CD83 molecule Homo sapiens 31-35 28395713-13 2017 However, the positive rates of CD83 and CD86 in SP-DCs were significantly higher than those of the imDCs. sp 48-50 CD86 molecule Homo sapiens 40-44 28401144-3 2017 SP is mainly repaired by spore photoproduct lyase (SPL) during spore outgrowth via an unprecedented protein-harbored radical transfer pathway that is composed of at least a cysteine and two tyrosine residues. sp 0-2 sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 Homo sapiens 51-54 27678265-7 2017 The cardiomyogenesis of hBMSCMT/HGSP patches including the expressions of cardiac-specific genes (e.g., Gata4) and proteins (e.g., connexin43 (CX43)) significantly exceeds those of hBMSC monolayer on the HSP and SP patches. sp 34-36 GATA binding protein 4 Homo sapiens 104-109 28159903-6 2017 However, following positive selection, CD31 expression differs dramatically between CD4+ and CD8+ lineages: homogeneously high on CD8 SP but lower or negative on CD4 SP cells, including a subset of CD45RA+CD31- mature CD4+ thymocytes. sp 134-136 platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 39-43 27678265-7 2017 The cardiomyogenesis of hBMSCMT/HGSP patches including the expressions of cardiac-specific genes (e.g., Gata4) and proteins (e.g., connexin43 (CX43)) significantly exceeds those of hBMSC monolayer on the HSP and SP patches. sp 34-36 gap junction protein alpha 1 Homo sapiens 131-141 27678265-7 2017 The cardiomyogenesis of hBMSCMT/HGSP patches including the expressions of cardiac-specific genes (e.g., Gata4) and proteins (e.g., connexin43 (CX43)) significantly exceeds those of hBMSC monolayer on the HSP and SP patches. sp 34-36 gap junction protein alpha 1 Homo sapiens 143-147 28243231-7 2017 We further determined that the frequency of IL-10-producing CD1dhiCD5+ Bregs, not IL-10-producing non-B lymphocytes, was significantly higher in SP compared to subjects under surveillance (SS) and healthy workers (HW) by flow cytometry. sp 145-147 interleukin 10 Homo sapiens 44-49 28245869-9 2017 L-asparaginase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine and glutamine to aspartic acid and glutamate, respectively, mimics the effect of glutamine withdrawal and also diminished the proportion of SP cells. sp 210-212 asparaginase and isoaspartyl peptidase 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 28243231-7 2017 We further determined that the frequency of IL-10-producing CD1dhiCD5+ Bregs, not IL-10-producing non-B lymphocytes, was significantly higher in SP compared to subjects under surveillance (SS) and healthy workers (HW) by flow cytometry. sp 145-147 CD1b molecule Homo sapiens 60-69 28139514-3 2017 In the present study, we investigated the hypothesis that the Pim-1 kinase played a key role in SP-induced cardioprotection by regulating dynamics-related protein 1 (Drp1). sp 96-98 Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 62-67 28139514-3 2017 In the present study, we investigated the hypothesis that the Pim-1 kinase played a key role in SP-induced cardioprotection by regulating dynamics-related protein 1 (Drp1). sp 96-98 collapsin response mediator protein 1 Rattus norvegicus 138-164 28139514-3 2017 In the present study, we investigated the hypothesis that the Pim-1 kinase played a key role in SP-induced cardioprotection by regulating dynamics-related protein 1 (Drp1). sp 96-98 collapsin response mediator protein 1 Rattus norvegicus 166-170 28139514-11 2017 However, Pim-1 inhibitor II significantly (P < 0.05) abolished the protective effect of SP. sp 91-93 Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 9-14 28139514-13 2017 Meanwhile, SP inhibited Drp1 compartmentalization to the mitochondria followed by a reduction in the release of Cyt C. Pretreatment with Pim-1 inhibitor II significantly (P < 0.05) abolished SP-induced Pim-1/p-Drp1ser637 signaling activation. sp 11-13 collapsin response mediator protein 1 Rattus norvegicus 24-28 28139514-13 2017 Meanwhile, SP inhibited Drp1 compartmentalization to the mitochondria followed by a reduction in the release of Cyt C. Pretreatment with Pim-1 inhibitor II significantly (P < 0.05) abolished SP-induced Pim-1/p-Drp1ser637 signaling activation. sp 11-13 Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 137-142 28139514-13 2017 Meanwhile, SP inhibited Drp1 compartmentalization to the mitochondria followed by a reduction in the release of Cyt C. Pretreatment with Pim-1 inhibitor II significantly (P < 0.05) abolished SP-induced Pim-1/p-Drp1ser637 signaling activation. sp 194-196 Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 137-142 28139514-13 2017 Meanwhile, SP inhibited Drp1 compartmentalization to the mitochondria followed by a reduction in the release of Cyt C. Pretreatment with Pim-1 inhibitor II significantly (P < 0.05) abolished SP-induced Pim-1/p-Drp1ser637 signaling activation. sp 194-196 Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 205-210 28139514-14 2017 CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggested that SP could attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by increasing the expression of the Pim-1 kinase. sp 43-45 Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 137-142 27454381-0 2017 The Function of SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis in SP Cells-Mediated Protective Role for Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by SHH/GLI1-ABCG2 Pathway. sp 36-38 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 Mus musculus 16-21 27454381-12 2017 Together, this research suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might act, via Shh-Gli1-ABCG2 signaling, as a positive regulator of SP cell-based therapies for renal I/R by Shh-Gli 1-ABCG2 signaling. sp 123-125 GLI-Kruppel family member GLI1 Mus musculus 168-173 27454381-0 2017 The Function of SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis in SP Cells-Mediated Protective Role for Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by SHH/GLI1-ABCG2 Pathway. sp 36-38 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 Mus musculus 22-27 27454381-12 2017 Together, this research suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might act, via Shh-Gli1-ABCG2 signaling, as a positive regulator of SP cell-based therapies for renal I/R by Shh-Gli 1-ABCG2 signaling. sp 123-125 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 174-179 27454381-0 2017 The Function of SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis in SP Cells-Mediated Protective Role for Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by SHH/GLI1-ABCG2 Pathway. sp 36-38 sonic hedgehog Mus musculus 111-114 27454381-0 2017 The Function of SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis in SP Cells-Mediated Protective Role for Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by SHH/GLI1-ABCG2 Pathway. sp 36-38 GLI-Kruppel family member GLI1 Mus musculus 115-119 27454381-0 2017 The Function of SDF-1-CXCR4 Axis in SP Cells-Mediated Protective Role for Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by SHH/GLI1-ABCG2 Pathway. sp 36-38 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 120-125 27454381-6 2017 In contrast to non-SP cells, SP cells exhibited higher viability, apoptosis resistance, chemotaxis, and paracrine actions following SI/R treatment, and these were further enhanced after SDF-1 stimulation. sp 19-21 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 Mus musculus 186-191 27454381-6 2017 In contrast to non-SP cells, SP cells exhibited higher viability, apoptosis resistance, chemotaxis, and paracrine actions following SI/R treatment, and these were further enhanced after SDF-1 stimulation. sp 29-31 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 Mus musculus 186-191 27454381-8 2017 Mechanism analysis corroborated that SDF-1/CXCR4 further induced the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2, an essential element for SP-mediated kidney regeneration after renal I/R injury. sp 148-150 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 Mus musculus 37-42 27454381-8 2017 Mechanism analysis corroborated that SDF-1/CXCR4 further induced the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2, an essential element for SP-mediated kidney regeneration after renal I/R injury. sp 148-150 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 Mus musculus 43-48 27454381-8 2017 Mechanism analysis corroborated that SDF-1/CXCR4 further induced the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2, an essential element for SP-mediated kidney regeneration after renal I/R injury. sp 148-150 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 116-121 27454381-11 2017 When SP cells pretreated with AMD3100 were intravenously injected into I/R mice, SP cell-mediated decreases in blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and histological score of kidney were noticeably attenuated, indicating that blocking CXCR4 pathway mitigated the therapeutic function of SP cells in renal I/R injury. sp 5-7 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 Mus musculus 236-241 27454381-11 2017 When SP cells pretreated with AMD3100 were intravenously injected into I/R mice, SP cell-mediated decreases in blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and histological score of kidney were noticeably attenuated, indicating that blocking CXCR4 pathway mitigated the therapeutic function of SP cells in renal I/R injury. sp 81-83 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 Mus musculus 236-241 27454381-11 2017 When SP cells pretreated with AMD3100 were intravenously injected into I/R mice, SP cell-mediated decreases in blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and histological score of kidney were noticeably attenuated, indicating that blocking CXCR4 pathway mitigated the therapeutic function of SP cells in renal I/R injury. sp 81-83 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 Mus musculus 236-241 27454381-12 2017 Together, this research suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might act, via Shh-Gli1-ABCG2 signaling, as a positive regulator of SP cell-based therapies for renal I/R by Shh-Gli 1-ABCG2 signaling. sp 123-125 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 Mus musculus 38-43 27454381-12 2017 Together, this research suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might act, via Shh-Gli1-ABCG2 signaling, as a positive regulator of SP cell-based therapies for renal I/R by Shh-Gli 1-ABCG2 signaling. sp 123-125 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 Mus musculus 44-49 27454381-12 2017 Together, this research suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might act, via Shh-Gli1-ABCG2 signaling, as a positive regulator of SP cell-based therapies for renal I/R by Shh-Gli 1-ABCG2 signaling. sp 123-125 sonic hedgehog Mus musculus 70-73 27454381-12 2017 Together, this research suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might act, via Shh-Gli1-ABCG2 signaling, as a positive regulator of SP cell-based therapies for renal I/R by Shh-Gli 1-ABCG2 signaling. sp 123-125 GLI-Kruppel family member GLI1 Mus musculus 74-78 27454381-12 2017 Together, this research suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might act, via Shh-Gli1-ABCG2 signaling, as a positive regulator of SP cell-based therapies for renal I/R by Shh-Gli 1-ABCG2 signaling. sp 123-125 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Mus musculus 79-84 27454381-12 2017 Together, this research suggests that SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might act, via Shh-Gli1-ABCG2 signaling, as a positive regulator of SP cell-based therapies for renal I/R by Shh-Gli 1-ABCG2 signaling. sp 123-125 sonic hedgehog Mus musculus 164-167 28176921-8 2017 RESULTS: Local expressions instead of CX3CL1 and CCL2 in STANR, AF, and NP were significantly higher in the SP group than in M-MP compared with scoliosis painless group. sp 108-110 C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 Homo sapiens 38-44 28146220-8 2017 In addition, the SP group presented increased PAR-2 and gingipain mRNA levels, compared with the MP group. sp 17-19 F2R like trypsin receptor 1 Homo sapiens 46-51 28103884-9 2017 Activation of AhR/CYP1A1 in MCF-7 cells by TCDD and DMBA, strong AhR activators, significantly increased CSC-specific markers, mammosphere formation, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, and percentage of side population (SP) cells, whereas inactivation of AhR/CYP1A1 using chemical inhibitor, alpha-naphthoflavone (alpha-NF), or by genetic shRNA knockdown, significantly inhibited the upregulation of ALDH activity and SP cells. sp 225-227 aryl hydrocarbon receptor Homo sapiens 14-17 28103884-9 2017 Activation of AhR/CYP1A1 in MCF-7 cells by TCDD and DMBA, strong AhR activators, significantly increased CSC-specific markers, mammosphere formation, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, and percentage of side population (SP) cells, whereas inactivation of AhR/CYP1A1 using chemical inhibitor, alpha-naphthoflavone (alpha-NF), or by genetic shRNA knockdown, significantly inhibited the upregulation of ALDH activity and SP cells. sp 225-227 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 18-24 27911857-6 2017 Disruption of YAP1 expression by siRNA attenuated the expression of ABCG2 transcript and significantly reduced the percentage of SP cells and sphere formation in lung cancer cells. sp 129-131 Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator Homo sapiens 14-18 27911857-7 2017 Overexpression of YAP1 in lung cancers led to an increase in ABCG2 expression and increased the percentage of SP cells. sp 110-112 Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator Homo sapiens 18-22 28176921-8 2017 RESULTS: Local expressions instead of CX3CL1 and CCL2 in STANR, AF, and NP were significantly higher in the SP group than in M-MP compared with scoliosis painless group. sp 108-110 C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 Homo sapiens 49-53 27845339-9 2017 In the diagnostic training set (n=241), MUC5AC efficiently differentiated EPC from healthy controls (HC) (83%/80% sensitive (SN)/specific (SP)), BC (67%/87% SN/SP), and CP (83%/77% SN/SP). sp 139-141 mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming Homo sapiens 40-46 28101052-9 2016 Results: CSF-SP concentrations (mean +- standard deviation in ng/ml) were as follows: SP-A 0.71 +- 0.58, SP-B 0.18 +- 0.43, SP-C 0.89 +- 0.77 and SP-D 7.4 +- 5.4. sp 13-15 surfactant protein A1 Homo sapiens 86-90 27845339-9 2017 In the diagnostic training set (n=241), MUC5AC efficiently differentiated EPC from healthy controls (HC) (83%/80% sensitive (SN)/specific (SP)), BC (67%/87% SN/SP), and CP (83%/77% SN/SP). sp 160-162 mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming Homo sapiens 40-46 28900533-5 2017 Moreover, accumulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in lung nuclei caused by SP treatment was observed. sp 102-104 nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2 Mus musculus 26-69 27919624-14 2017 The doses of SP, EP and GLC examined in this study all enhanced lactate labeling and restored astrocyte-specific PC activity but differentially affected neuronal metabolism after CCI injury. sp 13-15 pyruvate carboxylase Rattus norvegicus 113-115 27465911-8 2017 Following SPI there was a significant reduction in fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, and systolic blood pressure whereas no significant changes in these parameters was observed with SP. sp 10-12 insulin Homo sapiens 76-83 27465911-8 2017 Following SPI there was a significant reduction in fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, and systolic blood pressure whereas no significant changes in these parameters was observed with SP. sp 10-12 insulin Homo sapiens 85-92 27753797-9 2017 For hepatitis B, SP rate was slightly higher for DTaP-IPV-HB//PRP~T (99.6%) than DTaP-IPV-HB-PRP-T (96.4%), and for PRP, SP rate was higher for DTaP-IPV-HB-PRP-T (93.5%) than DTaP-IPV-HB//PRP~T (85.2%). sp 17-19 prion protein Homo sapiens 62-65 28900533-5 2017 Moreover, accumulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in lung nuclei caused by SP treatment was observed. sp 102-104 nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2 Mus musculus 71-75 28900533-6 2017 Our study demonstrated that SP can provide significant protection against LPS-induced acute lung injury through maintaining redox homeostasis, and its mechanism involves Nrf2 nuclear translocation and activation. sp 28-30 nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2 Mus musculus 170-174 30650298-23 2016 (3) Compared with SP cells without OM treatment, the expression of beta-catenin in OM treated SP cells was obviously reduced. sp 18-20 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 67-79 27793798-7 2016 In vivo Gab1 deficiency leads to a decrease in SP synthesis and the appearance of disorganized lamellar bodies. sp 47-49 growth factor receptor bound protein 2-associated protein 1 Mus musculus 8-12 27793798-10 2016 Similarly, in mice challenged with bleomycin, fibrotic lesions were found to be aggravated in Gab1Delta/Delta These observations suggest that the abolishment of Gab1 in AT-IIs impairs SP homeostasis, predisposing mice to lung injuries. sp 184-186 growth factor receptor bound protein 2-associated protein 1 Mus musculus 94-98 28101198-5 2016 The present study identified ~2.1% SP cells present in HNSCC specimens, which were positive for cluster of differentiation (CD)133 expression and displayed significantly elevated messenger RNA expression of Nrf2, compared with non-SP cells. sp 35-37 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 207-211 27900379-5 2016 Additionally, the calculations predict that GaIII and InIII ions favour the SP geometry in the analogue PhI2P-ligated complexes, while BIII and TlIII ions are reluctant to adopt the SP coordination with the PhI2P ligand. sp 182-184 calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 B Homo sapiens 135-139 27422165-4 2016 AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of the water extract of SP (WESP) and RA on efflux transports (ETs), including P-glycoprotein (p-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in HepG2 cell line. sp 95-97 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 150-164 27422165-4 2016 AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of the water extract of SP (WESP) and RA on efflux transports (ETs), including P-glycoprotein (p-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in HepG2 cell line. sp 95-97 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 166-170 27422165-4 2016 AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of the water extract of SP (WESP) and RA on efflux transports (ETs), including P-glycoprotein (p-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in HepG2 cell line. sp 95-97 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2 Homo sapiens 173-214 27422165-4 2016 AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of the water extract of SP (WESP) and RA on efflux transports (ETs), including P-glycoprotein (p-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in HepG2 cell line. sp 95-97 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2 Homo sapiens 216-220 27422165-4 2016 AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of the water extract of SP (WESP) and RA on efflux transports (ETs), including P-glycoprotein (p-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in HepG2 cell line. sp 95-97 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 227-259 27422165-4 2016 AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of the water extract of SP (WESP) and RA on efflux transports (ETs), including P-glycoprotein (p-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in HepG2 cell line. sp 95-97 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 261-265 27422165-19 2016 Results indicated that potential drug-drug interactions may exist when SP is co-administered with other substrate drugs that are transported via the ETs, especially P-gp and MRP2, thereby providing beneficial information for appropriate use of SP for clinical therapy. sp 71-73 phosphoglycolate phosphatase Homo sapiens 165-169 27422165-19 2016 Results indicated that potential drug-drug interactions may exist when SP is co-administered with other substrate drugs that are transported via the ETs, especially P-gp and MRP2, thereby providing beneficial information for appropriate use of SP for clinical therapy. sp 71-73 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2 Homo sapiens 174-178 27422165-19 2016 Results indicated that potential drug-drug interactions may exist when SP is co-administered with other substrate drugs that are transported via the ETs, especially P-gp and MRP2, thereby providing beneficial information for appropriate use of SP for clinical therapy. sp 244-246 phosphoglycolate phosphatase Homo sapiens 165-169 27422165-19 2016 Results indicated that potential drug-drug interactions may exist when SP is co-administered with other substrate drugs that are transported via the ETs, especially P-gp and MRP2, thereby providing beneficial information for appropriate use of SP for clinical therapy. sp 244-246 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2 Homo sapiens 174-178 30650298-23 2016 (3) Compared with SP cells without OM treatment, the expression of beta-catenin in OM treated SP cells was obviously reduced. sp 94-96 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 67-79 28123891-6 2016 Based on a comparative transcriptome analysis between intra-melanoma SP CD4+, SP CD8+ and DP autologous melanoma-infiltrating T-cell compartments, we evidenced an overexpression of the CD40L co-stimulatory molecule on activated DP T cells. sp 69-71 CD40 ligand Homo sapiens 185-190 27851764-4 2016 We report changes in A549 phenotype during time in culture and with TGFbeta treatment that correlate with SP size. sp 106-108 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 68-75 27814696-10 2016 Inhibition of ABC transporters enhanced the fluorescent intensities of the JC-1 aggregates in both SP and MP cells, the former of which was still 2.2-fold lower than the latter. sp 99-101 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (Langereis blood group) Homo sapiens 14-17 27736925-9 2016 Adoptively transferred 19F-labeled SP, TOVA-act, and Tact were detected by coil-localized 19F-MRS in the chest, abdomen, and left flank in most animals (corresponding to lungs, livers, and spleens, respectively, with highest signal-to-noise for SP vs TOVA-act and Tact, p<0.009 for both). sp 35-37 sterile alpha motif domain containing 11 Mus musculus 94-97 27736925-16 2016 While OVA-peptide-activated T cells (TOVA-act) showed highest infiltration into all organs, SP were detected more reliably by 19F-MRS/MRI, most likely explained by cell division of TOVA-act after injection, which dilutes the 19F content in the T cell-infiltrated organs. sp 92-94 sterile alpha motif domain containing 11 Mus musculus 130-133 27458725-5 2016 Mean levels of expression for Per1-2 and Fbxl21 were nearly 2-fold higher in the LP15 than in the SP group. sp 98-100 period circadian protein homolog 1 Ovis aries 30-36 26577676-2 2016 Tonsillectomy plus corticosteroid pulse therapy (TSP) had been reported as more effective in producing clinical remission of IgAN than just oral-corticosteroid (OS) or steroid-pulse (SP) therapy-but that remained unconfirmed. sp 50-52 IGAN1 Homo sapiens 125-129 26577676-8 2016 CONCLUSION: TSP may decrease the risk of ESRD in IgAN patients better than other therapies in CKD G1-2, with proteinuria 1.0 g/gCre, while outcome was similar to SP in CKD G3, or with proteinuria <1.0 g/gCre. sp 13-15 IGAN1 Homo sapiens 49-53 27315154-5 2016 In addition, the expression of the stem-cell surface genes Oct-4, Sox2 and Nanog in SP cells was significantly reduced and the sensitivity to the SP cells to chemotherapeutics was enhanced following Notch1 knockdown. sp 84-86 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 59-64 27315154-5 2016 In addition, the expression of the stem-cell surface genes Oct-4, Sox2 and Nanog in SP cells was significantly reduced and the sensitivity to the SP cells to chemotherapeutics was enhanced following Notch1 knockdown. sp 84-86 SRY-box transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 66-70 27315154-5 2016 In addition, the expression of the stem-cell surface genes Oct-4, Sox2 and Nanog in SP cells was significantly reduced and the sensitivity to the SP cells to chemotherapeutics was enhanced following Notch1 knockdown. sp 84-86 Nanog homeobox Homo sapiens 75-80 27315154-5 2016 In addition, the expression of the stem-cell surface genes Oct-4, Sox2 and Nanog in SP cells was significantly reduced and the sensitivity to the SP cells to chemotherapeutics was enhanced following Notch1 knockdown. sp 84-86 notch receptor 1 Homo sapiens 199-205 27315154-5 2016 In addition, the expression of the stem-cell surface genes Oct-4, Sox2 and Nanog in SP cells was significantly reduced and the sensitivity to the SP cells to chemotherapeutics was enhanced following Notch1 knockdown. sp 146-148 notch receptor 1 Homo sapiens 199-205 27458725-5 2016 Mean levels of expression for Per1-2 and Fbxl21 were nearly 2-fold higher in the LP15 than in the SP group. sp 98-100 F-box/LRR-repeat protein 21 Ovis aries 41-47 27127876-4 2016 The average SP values of DCNP interacting with BRCA1 SNP were found to be lower than the DCNP reacting with normal (non-mutant) BRCA1 gene. sp 12-14 BRCA1 DNA repair associated Homo sapiens 47-52 27127876-4 2016 The average SP values of DCNP interacting with BRCA1 SNP were found to be lower than the DCNP reacting with normal (non-mutant) BRCA1 gene. sp 12-14 BRCA1 DNA repair associated Homo sapiens 128-133 26398483-11 2016 Lower CK10 and C/EBPdelta expression most similar to control was seen at 12 C. The percentage of ABCG2 positive cells was most similar to control between 8 and 24 C. Between 4 and 24 C, the SP fluctuated, but was not significantly different compared to control. sp 193-195 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 98-103 27347020-6 2016 Notably, these SP cells demonstrated high resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs and apoptosis via elevated transcriptional regulation of several ATPase binding cassette (ABC) transporter and anti-apoptotic proteins, including ABCG2, ABCB1/MDR1 ABCB5, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein, respectively. sp 15-17 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 255-272 27347020-6 2016 Notably, these SP cells demonstrated high resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs and apoptosis via elevated transcriptional regulation of several ATPase binding cassette (ABC) transporter and anti-apoptotic proteins, including ABCG2, ABCB1/MDR1 ABCB5, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein, respectively. sp 15-17 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 274-279 27347020-6 2016 Notably, these SP cells demonstrated high resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs and apoptosis via elevated transcriptional regulation of several ATPase binding cassette (ABC) transporter and anti-apoptotic proteins, including ABCG2, ABCB1/MDR1 ABCB5, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein, respectively. sp 15-17 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 285-290 27761203-7 2016 Furthermore, This SP had that capacity to disrupt the mitochondrial function by altering the bax/bcl-2 ratio of expression which has considered an important element in apoptosis induction. sp 18-20 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 93-96 27761203-7 2016 Furthermore, This SP had that capacity to disrupt the mitochondrial function by altering the bax/bcl-2 ratio of expression which has considered an important element in apoptosis induction. sp 18-20 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 97-102 27171751-5 2016 The SP vaccine-derived sample was examined by amplification of VP1, VP4, VP6, VP7, NS2 and NS3 gene segments in conventional PCR. sp 4-6 NS2 Homo sapiens 83-86 27171751-5 2016 The SP vaccine-derived sample was examined by amplification of VP1, VP4, VP6, VP7, NS2 and NS3 gene segments in conventional PCR. sp 4-6 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Homo sapiens 91-94 27347020-6 2016 Notably, these SP cells demonstrated high resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs and apoptosis via elevated transcriptional regulation of several ATPase binding cassette (ABC) transporter and anti-apoptotic proteins, including ABCG2, ABCB1/MDR1 ABCB5, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein, respectively. sp 15-17 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 230-235 27347020-6 2016 Notably, these SP cells demonstrated high resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs and apoptosis via elevated transcriptional regulation of several ATPase binding cassette (ABC) transporter and anti-apoptotic proteins, including ABCG2, ABCB1/MDR1 ABCB5, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein, respectively. sp 15-17 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 237-242 27347020-6 2016 Notably, these SP cells demonstrated high resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs and apoptosis via elevated transcriptional regulation of several ATPase binding cassette (ABC) transporter and anti-apoptotic proteins, including ABCG2, ABCB1/MDR1 ABCB5, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein, respectively. sp 15-17 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 243-247 27347020-6 2016 Notably, these SP cells demonstrated high resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs and apoptosis via elevated transcriptional regulation of several ATPase binding cassette (ABC) transporter and anti-apoptotic proteins, including ABCG2, ABCB1/MDR1 ABCB5, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein, respectively. sp 15-17 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 5 Homo sapiens 248-253 27413448-6 2016 RESULTS: PGY-1s in the structured training group (n = 23) received significantly higher mean Total-Item scores from both the SP adolescent (40.78 +- 7.04 and 32.41 +- 10.12, respectively; P = .001) and the SP mother (40.48 +- 7.90 and 33.34 +- 10.90, respectively; P = .01) than those without structured training (n = 29). sp 125-127 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 9-14 27413448-6 2016 RESULTS: PGY-1s in the structured training group (n = 23) received significantly higher mean Total-Item scores from both the SP adolescent (40.78 +- 7.04 and 32.41 +- 10.12, respectively; P = .001) and the SP mother (40.48 +- 7.90 and 33.34 +- 10.90, respectively; P = .01) than those without structured training (n = 29). sp 206-208 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 9-14 27037060-3 2016 In this study, to identify the function of PKCepsilon in cancer stemness of 769P SP cells, we reduced the expression of PKCepsilon in those cells, following the results demonstrated that PKCepsilon depletion had a negative correlation with the existence of SP cells in 769P cell line. sp 81-83 protein kinase C epsilon Homo sapiens 43-53 27037060-3 2016 In this study, to identify the function of PKCepsilon in cancer stemness of 769P SP cells, we reduced the expression of PKCepsilon in those cells, following the results demonstrated that PKCepsilon depletion had a negative correlation with the existence of SP cells in 769P cell line. sp 81-83 protein kinase C epsilon Homo sapiens 120-130 26979919-6 2016 CONCLUSIONS: The dAo-RF ratio is a simple, repeatable, and noninvasive index for postoperative assessment of SP shunt flow volume. sp 109-111 down and out Drosophila melanogaster 17-20 27482343-4 2016 RESULTS: A lethal transient ischemia induced a significant loss of cells in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region at 5 days post-ischemia, and this insult showed that c-myb immunoreactivity in cells of the SP of the CA1 region was significantly decreased at 2 days post-ischemia and disappeared at 5 days post-ischemia. sp 100-102 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 123-126 27482343-4 2016 RESULTS: A lethal transient ischemia induced a significant loss of cells in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region at 5 days post-ischemia, and this insult showed that c-myb immunoreactivity in cells of the SP of the CA1 region was significantly decreased at 2 days post-ischemia and disappeared at 5 days post-ischemia. sp 100-102 MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor Homo sapiens 187-192 27482343-5 2016 However, IPC effectively prevented the neuronal loss in the SP and showed that c-myb immunoreactivity was constitutively maintained in the SP after a lethal transient ischemia. sp 139-141 MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor Homo sapiens 79-84 27279909-6 2016 Mechanistically, CD44v interacts with and stabilizes xCT and thereby promotes the uptake of cysteine for GSH synthesis and stimulates SP cell enrichment. sp 134-136 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) Homo sapiens 17-21 27121303-5 2016 In addition, the CD133+ SP cells showed resistance to multi-drug treatment and apoptosis. sp 24-26 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 17-22 27121303-6 2016 The present study further showed that the secretion of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in CD133+ cervical cancer SP cells promoted cell proliferation and prevented the SP cells from apoptosis. sp 102-104 interleukin 4 Homo sapiens 55-68 27121303-6 2016 The present study further showed that the secretion of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in CD133+ cervical cancer SP cells promoted cell proliferation and prevented the SP cells from apoptosis. sp 102-104 interleukin 4 Homo sapiens 70-74 27121303-6 2016 The present study further showed that the secretion of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in CD133+ cervical cancer SP cells promoted cell proliferation and prevented the SP cells from apoptosis. sp 102-104 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 79-84 27279909-6 2016 Mechanistically, CD44v interacts with and stabilizes xCT and thereby promotes the uptake of cysteine for GSH synthesis and stimulates SP cell enrichment. sp 134-136 solute carrier family 7 member 11 Homo sapiens 53-56 27129165-4 2016 BBP induced histone modifications in S1PR3 in side population (SP) cells, but not in non-SP cells. sp 63-65 sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 Homo sapiens 37-42 26892297-10 2016 nNOS(+) interneurons in the SP increase from the anterior motor cortex to posterior visual cortex, while CR(+) and CB(+) interneurons the opposite. sp 28-30 nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal Mus musculus 0-4 27220575-6 2016 RESULTS: (1) COI at 1 minute (COI1, (9.34+-2.44)mV vs. (3.19+-1.36)mV, P<0.001) and 10 minutes (COI10, (4.99+-2.04)mV vs. (1.91+-0.62)mV, P<0.001) after lead fixation was significantly higher in SP group compared to MP group. sp 201-203 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I Homo sapiens 13-16 26385227-18 2016 The combination of phenylephrine and leptin increased immobility time during FST and TST, and decreased SP. sp 104-106 leptin Mus musculus 37-43 26822103-3 2016 In cultures, side population (SP) cells, defined as GSCs in the rat C6 glioma cell line, are more efficiently sustained in the presence of their differentiated progenies expressing higher levels of ECMs and transferrin, while in xenografts, ECMs are supplied by the vascular endothelial cells (VECs), including SP cell-derived ones with distinctively greater ability to retain xenobiotics than host VECs. sp 30-32 transferrin Rattus norvegicus 207-218 27273959-5 2016 RESULTS: We identified that the presence of SP cells in OSCC-77 cell line was 3.4%, which was reduced to 0.6% in the presence of verapamil, an inhibitor of ABC transporter. sp 44-46 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 156-171 26971486-9 2016 CONCLUSION: Even during STN-DBS, both SICI and SP in PD patients remain impaired without medication. sp 47-49 eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 Homo sapiens 24-27 26874361-23 2016 Prospective studies are necessary to display prognostic values of AMH for SP and thus better target fertility preservation programmes in TS patients. sp 74-76 anti-Mullerian hormone Homo sapiens 66-69 27012679-8 2016 Treatment of these SP-derived spheres with honokiol resulted in apoptosis induction via Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3-dependent pathway. sp 19-21 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 88-91 27012679-8 2016 Treatment of these SP-derived spheres with honokiol resulted in apoptosis induction via Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3-dependent pathway. sp 19-21 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 92-97 27012679-8 2016 Treatment of these SP-derived spheres with honokiol resulted in apoptosis induction via Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3-dependent pathway. sp 19-21 caspase 3 Homo sapiens 102-111 26859746-6 2016 SP cells derived from both cell lines expressed the ABCG2 transporter, which was demonstrably responsible for the SP phenotype. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 52-57 26907260-3 2016 Herein, we report that a synthetic peptide (SP) representing the leucine-rich repeat 11 subdomain of the human TLR9 extracellular domain could attenuate CpG ODN/TLR9 activity in RAW264.7 cells by binding to CpG ODN and decreasing its internalization. sp 44-46 toll like receptor 9 Homo sapiens 111-115 26907260-3 2016 Herein, we report that a synthetic peptide (SP) representing the leucine-rich repeat 11 subdomain of the human TLR9 extracellular domain could attenuate CpG ODN/TLR9 activity in RAW264.7 cells by binding to CpG ODN and decreasing its internalization. sp 44-46 toll like receptor 9 Homo sapiens 161-165 26907260-4 2016 Our results demonstrate that preincubation with SP specifically inhibited CpG ODN- but not lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and lipopeptide (PAM3CSK4)-stimulated TNF-alpha and IL-6 release. sp 48-50 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 155-164 26907260-4 2016 Our results demonstrate that preincubation with SP specifically inhibited CpG ODN- but not lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and lipopeptide (PAM3CSK4)-stimulated TNF-alpha and IL-6 release. sp 48-50 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 169-173 26907260-5 2016 Preincubation of SP with CpG ODN dose-dependently decreased TLR9-driven phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha and ERK and activation of NF-kappaB/p65. sp 17-19 toll like receptor 9 Homo sapiens 60-64 26907260-5 2016 Preincubation of SP with CpG ODN dose-dependently decreased TLR9-driven phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha and ERK and activation of NF-kappaB/p65. sp 17-19 NFKB inhibitor alpha Homo sapiens 91-103 26907260-5 2016 Preincubation of SP with CpG ODN dose-dependently decreased TLR9-driven phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha and ERK and activation of NF-kappaB/p65. sp 17-19 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 108-111 26907260-5 2016 Preincubation of SP with CpG ODN dose-dependently decreased TLR9-driven phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha and ERK and activation of NF-kappaB/p65. sp 17-19 RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit Homo sapiens 140-143 26907260-8 2016 Our results demonstrated that SP was a specific inhibitor of CpG ODN/TLR9 activity via binding to CpG ODN, leading to reduced ODN internalization and decreased activation of subsequent pathways within cells. sp 30-32 toll like receptor 9 Homo sapiens 69-73 26907260-9 2016 Thus, SP could be used as a potential CpG ODN antagonist to block TLR9 signaling. sp 6-8 toll like receptor 9 Homo sapiens 66-70 26859746-7 2016 SP cells gave rise to non-SP (NSP) cells in vitro and in vivo, a transition that was apparently due to posttranslational inhibition of the ABCG2 transporter. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 139-144 26859746-11 2016 We conclude that the isolation of SP cells can be a convenient and effective tool for the study of PDAC CSCs; that CSCs may be the principal progenitors of metastasis by human PDAC; that the ABCG2 transporter is responsible for the SP phenotype in human PDAC cells, and may be a ubiquitous source of drug-resistance in PDAC, but does not confer resistance to gemcitabine; and that inhibition of ABCG2 might offer a useful adjunct in a therapeutic attack on the CSCs of PDAC. sp 34-36 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 191-196 26859746-11 2016 We conclude that the isolation of SP cells can be a convenient and effective tool for the study of PDAC CSCs; that CSCs may be the principal progenitors of metastasis by human PDAC; that the ABCG2 transporter is responsible for the SP phenotype in human PDAC cells, and may be a ubiquitous source of drug-resistance in PDAC, but does not confer resistance to gemcitabine; and that inhibition of ABCG2 might offer a useful adjunct in a therapeutic attack on the CSCs of PDAC. sp 34-36 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 395-400 26859746-11 2016 We conclude that the isolation of SP cells can be a convenient and effective tool for the study of PDAC CSCs; that CSCs may be the principal progenitors of metastasis by human PDAC; that the ABCG2 transporter is responsible for the SP phenotype in human PDAC cells, and may be a ubiquitous source of drug-resistance in PDAC, but does not confer resistance to gemcitabine; and that inhibition of ABCG2 might offer a useful adjunct in a therapeutic attack on the CSCs of PDAC. sp 232-234 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 191-196 26859746-11 2016 We conclude that the isolation of SP cells can be a convenient and effective tool for the study of PDAC CSCs; that CSCs may be the principal progenitors of metastasis by human PDAC; that the ABCG2 transporter is responsible for the SP phenotype in human PDAC cells, and may be a ubiquitous source of drug-resistance in PDAC, but does not confer resistance to gemcitabine; and that inhibition of ABCG2 might offer a useful adjunct in a therapeutic attack on the CSCs of PDAC. sp 232-234 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 395-400 26507559-10 2016 Otherwise, LCAT activity and HDL2-CE were higher in the SP group than in the CAS group, whereas HDL3-PL and HDL3-unesterified cholesterol were lower. sp 56-58 lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase Rattus norvegicus 11-15 26391271-7 2016 HDAC inhibitor induction of Stx1a was negated by mithramycin A and deletion/mutation of 2 SP sites. sp 90-92 syntaxin 1A Rattus norvegicus 28-33 24697727-14 2016 In the in vitro study, the pHi increased immediately after the addition of SP. sp 75-77 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 27-30 26711572-3 2016 We have found that SP MS is characterized by a significant upregulation of two genes belonging to the MBD family genes, MBD2 and MBD4, and by a downregulation of TDG and TET3. sp 19-21 methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 Homo sapiens 120-124 26711572-3 2016 We have found that SP MS is characterized by a significant upregulation of two genes belonging to the MBD family genes, MBD2 and MBD4, and by a downregulation of TDG and TET3. sp 19-21 methyl-CpG binding domain 4, DNA glycosylase Homo sapiens 129-133 26711572-3 2016 We have found that SP MS is characterized by a significant upregulation of two genes belonging to the MBD family genes, MBD2 and MBD4, and by a downregulation of TDG and TET3. sp 19-21 thymine DNA glycosylase Homo sapiens 162-165 26711572-3 2016 We have found that SP MS is characterized by a significant upregulation of two genes belonging to the MBD family genes, MBD2 and MBD4, and by a downregulation of TDG and TET3. sp 19-21 tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 3 Homo sapiens 170-174 24697727-7 2016 Intracellular pH (pHi) was fluorimetrically measured after the addition of SP. sp 75-77 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase Homo sapiens 18-21 28478417-4 2016 Treated SP rat groups were intragastrically administered with selective neuronal NOS (nNOS) inhibitor 7-nitroindazole, selective inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibitor aminoguanidine, and nitric oxide synthase substrate L-arginine. sp 8-10 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 72-84 27221858-3 2016 Expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 of SP before and after the intervention was determined by Western-blotting. sp 58-60 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 49-54 27160088-5 2016 SP rates were 79% (23 of 29) in the C-LDP and 92% (11 of 12) in the RA-LDP group (p = 0.32). sp 0-2 carboxypeptidase Q Homo sapiens 38-41 26053972-4 2016 SP also induced the expression of genes encoding aP2, GLUT4, and adiponectin, but had no effect on cell proliferation. sp 0-2 transcription factor AP-2, alpha Mus musculus 49-52 26053972-4 2016 SP also induced the expression of genes encoding aP2, GLUT4, and adiponectin, but had no effect on cell proliferation. sp 0-2 solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 4 Mus musculus 54-59 26053972-4 2016 SP also induced the expression of genes encoding aP2, GLUT4, and adiponectin, but had no effect on cell proliferation. sp 0-2 adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing Mus musculus 65-76 26053972-10 2016 Insulin-stimulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation was diminished by SP, while phosphorylation of Akt was increased, correlating with increased glucose uptake in response to insulin. sp 60-62 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mus musculus 19-25 26053972-11 2016 We also observed that SP stimulated immediate early expression of C/EBPbeta and C/EBPdelta. sp 22-24 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), beta Mus musculus 66-75 26053972-11 2016 We also observed that SP stimulated immediate early expression of C/EBPbeta and C/EBPdelta. sp 22-24 CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), delta Mus musculus 80-90 27717936-4 2016 Treated SP rat groups were intragastrically administered with selective neuronal NOS (nNOS) inhibitor 7-nitroindazole, selective inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibitor aminoguanidine, and nitric oxide synthase substrate L-arginine. sp 8-10 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 72-84 27717936-7 2016 RESULTS: nNOS activity increase in a SP considerably limits oxidative stress activation at periodontal tissues, decreases antioxidant response, but heightens catalase activity. sp 37-39 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 9-13 27717936-7 2016 RESULTS: nNOS activity increase in a SP considerably limits oxidative stress activation at periodontal tissues, decreases antioxidant response, but heightens catalase activity. sp 37-39 catalase Rattus norvegicus 158-166 27014419-12 2016 We show for the first time that KRAS mutation and MET amplification are promising predictive markers in metastatic and recurrent GC patients treated with SP. sp 154-156 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Homo sapiens 32-36 27014419-13 2016 KRAS status may be a useful prognostic marker in patients treated with SP. sp 71-73 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Homo sapiens 0-4 26872755-9 2016 CONCLUSION: LTSP syndrome is a rare entity presenting with abdominal pain, bowel obstruction, ascites, ovarian masses, and SP containing specialized (vimentin+/keratin+/CD34+) SMF. sp 14-16 vimentin Homo sapiens 150-158 26872755-9 2016 CONCLUSION: LTSP syndrome is a rare entity presenting with abdominal pain, bowel obstruction, ascites, ovarian masses, and SP containing specialized (vimentin+/keratin+/CD34+) SMF. sp 14-16 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 169-173 28478417-7 2016 RESULTS: nNOS activity increase in a SP considerably limits oxidative stress activation at periodontal tissues, decreases antioxidant response, but heightens catalase activity. sp 37-39 nitric oxide synthase 1 Rattus norvegicus 9-13 28478417-7 2016 RESULTS: nNOS activity increase in a SP considerably limits oxidative stress activation at periodontal tissues, decreases antioxidant response, but heightens catalase activity. sp 37-39 catalase Rattus norvegicus 158-166 26673922-7 2015 Sulindac sulfide also decreased expression of several Sp-regulated genes that are critical for cancer cell survival, proliferation and angiogenesis and these include survivin, bcl-2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cyclin D1, p65 subunit of NFkappaB and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). sp 54-56 RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit Homo sapiens 235-238 26673922-7 2015 Sulindac sulfide also decreased expression of several Sp-regulated genes that are critical for cancer cell survival, proliferation and angiogenesis and these include survivin, bcl-2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cyclin D1, p65 subunit of NFkappaB and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). sp 54-56 nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 Homo sapiens 250-258 26673922-7 2015 Sulindac sulfide also decreased expression of several Sp-regulated genes that are critical for cancer cell survival, proliferation and angiogenesis and these include survivin, bcl-2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cyclin D1, p65 subunit of NFkappaB and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). sp 54-56 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 263-297 26673922-7 2015 Sulindac sulfide also decreased expression of several Sp-regulated genes that are critical for cancer cell survival, proliferation and angiogenesis and these include survivin, bcl-2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cyclin D1, p65 subunit of NFkappaB and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). sp 54-56 vascular endothelial growth factor A Homo sapiens 299-303 26673922-8 2015 Sulindac sulfide also induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the level of microRNA-27a in colon cancer cells, which resulted in the upregulation of the Sp-repressor ZBTB10 and this resulted in downregulation of Sp proteins. sp 165-167 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 178-184 26673922-8 2015 Sulindac sulfide also induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the level of microRNA-27a in colon cancer cells, which resulted in the upregulation of the Sp-repressor ZBTB10 and this resulted in downregulation of Sp proteins. sp 224-226 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 178-184 25639539-7 2015 Combination of ASOs therapy against miRNA-21 and miRNA-221 significantly inhibited primary tumor growth and metastasis compared to single antagomir treatment, especially, in L3.6plGres-SP-induced pancreatic tumor growth in vivo. sp 185-187 microRNA 221 Homo sapiens 49-58 26668597-5 2015 The results showed that SP cells exhibited a high mean fluorescence intensity for CD44, a CSC marker, in addition to elevated expression of the CSCs-associated genes, ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 and Nestin. sp 24-26 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) Homo sapiens 82-86 26668597-5 2015 The results showed that SP cells exhibited a high mean fluorescence intensity for CD44, a CSC marker, in addition to elevated expression of the CSCs-associated genes, ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 and Nestin. sp 24-26 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 167-209 26668597-5 2015 The results showed that SP cells exhibited a high mean fluorescence intensity for CD44, a CSC marker, in addition to elevated expression of the CSCs-associated genes, ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 and Nestin. sp 24-26 nestin Homo sapiens 214-220 26188103-6 2015 In the majority of OTOF children, the SP component is followed by a markedly prolonged low-amplitude negative potential replacing the compound action potential (CAP) recorded in normally-hearing children. sp 38-40 otoferlin Homo sapiens 19-23 26498481-7 2015 In the control group, moderate COX-2 immunoreactivity was observed in the stratum pyramidal (SP) of the CA2-3 region, while almost no expression was identified in the CA1 region and the DG. sp 93-95 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Mus musculus 31-36 26498481-8 2015 COX-2 immunoreactivity was increased by TeT in the SP and granule cell layer (GCL) of the DG in a time-dependent manner. sp 51-53 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Mus musculus 0-5 26498481-9 2015 At 24 h post-treatment, COX-2 immunoreactivity in the SP of the CA1 region and in the GCL of the DG was high, and COX-2 immunoreactivity in the SP of the CA2/3 region was highest. sp 54-56 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Mus musculus 24-29 26498481-9 2015 At 24 h post-treatment, COX-2 immunoreactivity in the SP of the CA1 region and in the GCL of the DG was high, and COX-2 immunoreactivity in the SP of the CA2/3 region was highest. sp 144-146 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Mus musculus 114-119 26498481-10 2015 Furthermore, the present study observed that NF-kappaB/p65 immunoreactivity was obviously increased in the SP and GCL at 6, 12 and 24 h after TeT treatment. sp 107-109 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105 Mus musculus 45-54 26498481-10 2015 Furthermore, the present study observed that NF-kappaB/p65 immunoreactivity was obviously increased in the SP and GCL at 6, 12 and 24 h after TeT treatment. sp 107-109 v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian) Mus musculus 55-58 26303525-5 2015 The study with this antibody revealed the importance of the Sp for effective aggrecanolytic activity of ADAMTS-5 and that this domain does not interact with sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) but with the protein moiety of the proteoglycan. sp 60-62 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 5 Homo sapiens 104-112 26517673-4 2015 Here, we performed a high-throughput cell surface antigen screen and found that CD146 is enriched in the SP population. sp 105-107 melanoma cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 80-85 26517673-6 2015 In addition, depletion of SP cells from the CD146+ population show that CD146+ cells and SP cells are a distinct and overlapping TPC populations. sp 26-28 melanoma cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 44-49 26517673-6 2015 In addition, depletion of SP cells from the CD146+ population show that CD146+ cells and SP cells are a distinct and overlapping TPC populations. sp 26-28 melanoma cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 72-77 26206183-6 2015 Under hypoxic growth condition, ABCG2 and ABCB1-overexpressing cells sorted out by FACS technique as side population (SP) were found to be significantly more responsive to SN-38 (ABCG2 and ABCB1 substrate anticancer drug) in the presence of vatalanib. sp 118-120 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 32-37 26315083-3 2015 We investigated the hypothesis that the cardioprotection afforded by SP is mediated via the Wnt/glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta)/beta-catenin signaling pathway. sp 69-71 Wnt family member 2 Rattus norvegicus 92-95 26315083-3 2015 We investigated the hypothesis that the cardioprotection afforded by SP is mediated via the Wnt/glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta)/beta-catenin signaling pathway. sp 69-71 glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta Rattus norvegicus 96-126 26315083-3 2015 We investigated the hypothesis that the cardioprotection afforded by SP is mediated via the Wnt/glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta)/beta-catenin signaling pathway. sp 69-71 glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta Rattus norvegicus 128-136 26315083-3 2015 We investigated the hypothesis that the cardioprotection afforded by SP is mediated via the Wnt/glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta)/beta-catenin signaling pathway. sp 69-71 catenin beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 138-150 26315083-9 2015 IWP-2, an inhibitor of Wnt, abolished the cardioprotection by SP. sp 62-64 Wnt family member 2 Rattus norvegicus 23-26 26315083-10 2015 In addition, Western blotting analysis demonstrated that the expressions of Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3beta, and beta-catenin significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the I/R group, compared with the S group; and compared to I/R group, SP significantly (P < 0.05) increased Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3beta, and beta-catenin expressions. sp 228-230 Wnt family member 3A Rattus norvegicus 76-81 26315083-10 2015 In addition, Western blotting analysis demonstrated that the expressions of Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3beta, and beta-catenin significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the I/R group, compared with the S group; and compared to I/R group, SP significantly (P < 0.05) increased Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3beta, and beta-catenin expressions. sp 228-230 catenin beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 105-117 26315083-11 2015 Pretreatment with IWP-2 significantly (P < 0.05) abolished SP-induced Wnt/GSK3beta/beta-catenin signaling activation. sp 62-64 Wnt family member 2 Rattus norvegicus 73-76 26315083-11 2015 Pretreatment with IWP-2 significantly (P < 0.05) abolished SP-induced Wnt/GSK3beta/beta-catenin signaling activation. sp 62-64 glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta Rattus norvegicus 77-85 26315083-11 2015 Pretreatment with IWP-2 significantly (P < 0.05) abolished SP-induced Wnt/GSK3beta/beta-catenin signaling activation. sp 62-64 catenin beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 86-98 26315083-12 2015 CONCLUSIONS: The results showed for thefirst time that cardioprotection afforded by SP may be mediated partly via the Wnt/GSK3beta/beta-catenin signaling pathway. sp 84-86 Wnt family member 2 Rattus norvegicus 118-121 26315083-12 2015 CONCLUSIONS: The results showed for thefirst time that cardioprotection afforded by SP may be mediated partly via the Wnt/GSK3beta/beta-catenin signaling pathway. sp 84-86 glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta Rattus norvegicus 122-130 26315083-12 2015 CONCLUSIONS: The results showed for thefirst time that cardioprotection afforded by SP may be mediated partly via the Wnt/GSK3beta/beta-catenin signaling pathway. sp 84-86 catenin beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 131-143 26554780-6 2015 Treating SP cells with the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib down-regulated COX-2 and caused a dose-dependent reduction in cell migration and invasion, which was associated with up-regulation of PDCD4 and PTEN. sp 9-11 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 37-42 26554780-6 2015 Treating SP cells with the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib down-regulated COX-2 and caused a dose-dependent reduction in cell migration and invasion, which was associated with up-regulation of PDCD4 and PTEN. sp 9-11 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-83 26554780-6 2015 Treating SP cells with the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib down-regulated COX-2 and caused a dose-dependent reduction in cell migration and invasion, which was associated with up-regulation of PDCD4 and PTEN. sp 9-11 programmed cell death 4 Homo sapiens 197-202 26554780-6 2015 Treating SP cells with the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib down-regulated COX-2 and caused a dose-dependent reduction in cell migration and invasion, which was associated with up-regulation of PDCD4 and PTEN. sp 9-11 phosphatase and tensin homolog Homo sapiens 207-211 26554780-7 2015 These results suggest that COX-2 exerts pro-metastatic effects on SP cells, and that these effects are mediated at least partly through regulation of PDCD4 and PTEN expression. sp 66-68 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 27-32 26554780-7 2015 These results suggest that COX-2 exerts pro-metastatic effects on SP cells, and that these effects are mediated at least partly through regulation of PDCD4 and PTEN expression. sp 66-68 programmed cell death 4 Homo sapiens 150-155 26554780-7 2015 These results suggest that COX-2 exerts pro-metastatic effects on SP cells, and that these effects are mediated at least partly through regulation of PDCD4 and PTEN expression. sp 66-68 phosphatase and tensin homolog Homo sapiens 160-164 26134272-5 2015 In the ischemia-operated group, a significant loss of neurons was observed in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) at 5 days post-ischemia; however, in the IPC+ischemia-operated group, the neurons in the SP were well protected. sp 102-104 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 125-128 26134272-5 2015 In the ischemia-operated group, a significant loss of neurons was observed in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) at 5 days post-ischemia; however, in the IPC+ischemia-operated group, the neurons in the SP were well protected. sp 102-104 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 137-140 26134272-7 2015 In the IPC + ischemia-operated group, the immunoreactivities of GK and GKRP in the SP of the CA1 were similar to those in the sham-group. sp 83-85 glucokinase Homo sapiens 64-66 26134272-7 2015 In the IPC + ischemia-operated group, the immunoreactivities of GK and GKRP in the SP of the CA1 were similar to those in the sham-group. sp 83-85 glucokinase regulator Homo sapiens 71-75 26134272-7 2015 In the IPC + ischemia-operated group, the immunoreactivities of GK and GKRP in the SP of the CA1 were similar to those in the sham-group. sp 83-85 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 93-96 26300407-2 2015 The present study demonstrated that primary human osteosarcoma samples contained a SP of about 3.9% which overexpressed ABC transporters, including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCB2 and ABCG2, which are associated with drug resistance and may have contributed to multi-drug resistance of SP cells. sp 83-85 ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 148-153 26300407-2 2015 The present study demonstrated that primary human osteosarcoma samples contained a SP of about 3.9% which overexpressed ABC transporters, including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCB2 and ABCG2, which are associated with drug resistance and may have contributed to multi-drug resistance of SP cells. sp 83-85 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 155-160 26300407-2 2015 The present study demonstrated that primary human osteosarcoma samples contained a SP of about 3.9% which overexpressed ABC transporters, including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCB2 and ABCG2, which are associated with drug resistance and may have contributed to multi-drug resistance of SP cells. sp 83-85 transporter 1, ATP binding cassette subfamily B member Homo sapiens 162-167 26300407-2 2015 The present study demonstrated that primary human osteosarcoma samples contained a SP of about 3.9% which overexpressed ABC transporters, including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCB2 and ABCG2, which are associated with drug resistance and may have contributed to multi-drug resistance of SP cells. sp 83-85 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 172-177 26300407-2 2015 The present study demonstrated that primary human osteosarcoma samples contained a SP of about 3.9% which overexpressed ABC transporters, including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCB2 and ABCG2, which are associated with drug resistance and may have contributed to multi-drug resistance of SP cells. sp 274-276 ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 148-153 26300407-2 2015 The present study demonstrated that primary human osteosarcoma samples contained a SP of about 3.9% which overexpressed ABC transporters, including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCB2 and ABCG2, which are associated with drug resistance and may have contributed to multi-drug resistance of SP cells. sp 274-276 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 155-160 26300407-2 2015 The present study demonstrated that primary human osteosarcoma samples contained a SP of about 3.9% which overexpressed ABC transporters, including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCB2 and ABCG2, which are associated with drug resistance and may have contributed to multi-drug resistance of SP cells. sp 274-276 transporter 1, ATP binding cassette subfamily B member Homo sapiens 162-167 26300407-2 2015 The present study demonstrated that primary human osteosarcoma samples contained a SP of about 3.9% which overexpressed ABC transporters, including ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCB2 and ABCG2, which are associated with drug resistance and may have contributed to multi-drug resistance of SP cells. sp 274-276 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 172-177 26300407-4 2015 In addition, it was shown that endosialin-overexpressing SP cells were able to regenerate the tumor population and had a high invasive potential. sp 57-59 CD248 molecule Homo sapiens 31-41 26301920-6 2015 The SP size increased with the increase in Ibu-CD2 concentration in pure water. sp 4-6 CD2 molecule Homo sapiens 47-50 26206183-6 2015 Under hypoxic growth condition, ABCG2 and ABCB1-overexpressing cells sorted out by FACS technique as side population (SP) were found to be significantly more responsive to SN-38 (ABCG2 and ABCB1 substrate anticancer drug) in the presence of vatalanib. sp 118-120 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 42-47 26206183-6 2015 Under hypoxic growth condition, ABCG2 and ABCB1-overexpressing cells sorted out by FACS technique as side population (SP) were found to be significantly more responsive to SN-38 (ABCG2 and ABCB1 substrate anticancer drug) in the presence of vatalanib. sp 118-120 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 179-184 26206183-6 2015 Under hypoxic growth condition, ABCG2 and ABCB1-overexpressing cells sorted out by FACS technique as side population (SP) were found to be significantly more responsive to SN-38 (ABCG2 and ABCB1 substrate anticancer drug) in the presence of vatalanib. sp 118-120 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 189-194 26288013-15 2015 TSG-6 mRNA and protein expression were higher in the plaques of the MSC group compared to the VP and SP groups. sp 101-103 tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein Oryctolagus cuniculus 0-5 26283355-3 2015 IL-2 and IL-15, members of the gamma chain (gammac) family of cytokines, are prominently deregulated in HAM/TSP and underlie many of the characteristic immune abnormalities, such as spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation (SP), increased STAT5 phosphorylation in the lymphocytes, and increased frequency and cytotoxicity of virus-specific cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes (CTLs). sp 109-111 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 26283355-3 2015 IL-2 and IL-15, members of the gamma chain (gammac) family of cytokines, are prominently deregulated in HAM/TSP and underlie many of the characteristic immune abnormalities, such as spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation (SP), increased STAT5 phosphorylation in the lymphocytes, and increased frequency and cytotoxicity of virus-specific cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes (CTLs). sp 109-111 interleukin 15 Homo sapiens 9-14 26116821-7 2015 Using immunostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and SST, we found that the number of TH- and SST-ir cells in the hypothalamus was significantly lower in the DLD and SP groups compared to the BLD group. sp 168-170 tyrosine hydroxylase Rattus norvegicus 25-45 25955429-11 2015 The rats with SP presented with a shorter refractoriness, a higher incidence and duration of AF, an enhanced susceptibility to developing AF, increased mRNA levels of AF-related pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1beta and TGF-beta1), as well as marked atrial inflammation and fibrosis. sp 14-16 interleukin 6 Rattus norvegicus 206-210 25955690-5 2015 In the aged ischemia-group, Trx2 immunoreactivity in the SP was significantly higher 1, 2 and 4 days post-ischemia, compared with that in the adult ischemia-group and, in the 5 days post-ischemia group, Trx2 immunoreactivity was significantly decreased in the SP. sp 57-59 thioredoxin 2 Homo sapiens 28-32 25955690-5 2015 In the aged ischemia-group, Trx2 immunoreactivity in the SP was significantly higher 1, 2 and 4 days post-ischemia, compared with that in the adult ischemia-group and, in the 5 days post-ischemia group, Trx2 immunoreactivity was significantly decreased in the SP. sp 260-262 thioredoxin 2 Homo sapiens 28-32 25955429-11 2015 The rats with SP presented with a shorter refractoriness, a higher incidence and duration of AF, an enhanced susceptibility to developing AF, increased mRNA levels of AF-related pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1beta and TGF-beta1), as well as marked atrial inflammation and fibrosis. sp 14-16 interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus 212-220 25955429-11 2015 The rats with SP presented with a shorter refractoriness, a higher incidence and duration of AF, an enhanced susceptibility to developing AF, increased mRNA levels of AF-related pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1beta and TGF-beta1), as well as marked atrial inflammation and fibrosis. sp 14-16 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 225-234 25955429-15 2015 Thus, the findings of our study indicate that IL-17A may play a pathogenic role in post-operative AF by inducing inflammation and fibrosis in rats with SP. sp 152-154 interleukin 17A Rattus norvegicus 46-52 26125761-4 2015 We determined the percentage of SP cells in a THP-1 cell population and analyzed CD47 expression in different cell subsets. sp 32-34 GLI family zinc finger 2 Homo sapiens 46-51 26170996-3 2015 In the present study, it was hypothesized that dysregulation of the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway may influence SP and non-SP (NSP) phenotype. sp 158-160 phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta Homo sapiens 68-114 26170996-3 2015 In the present study, it was hypothesized that dysregulation of the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway may influence SP and non-SP (NSP) phenotype. sp 158-160 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 122-125 26170996-11 2015 These results suggested that dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may be associated with the cell cycle and apoptosis of SP cells in NPC. sp 132-134 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 55-58 25889273-7 2015 These results, together with experiments to inactivate and ectopically activate the Edn1-Dlx5/6 pathway, indicate a dorsoventral PA2 (hyomandibular/ceratohyal) boundary passing through the middle of the SP. sp 203-205 endothelin 1 Homo sapiens 84-88 26416062-9 2015 Wnt/beta-catenin mediated increased expression of beta-catenin, Oct-4 and cyclin D in SP cells but not in non-SP cells was also observed. sp 86-88 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 4-16 26416062-9 2015 Wnt/beta-catenin mediated increased expression of beta-catenin, Oct-4 and cyclin D in SP cells but not in non-SP cells was also observed. sp 86-88 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 50-62 26416062-9 2015 Wnt/beta-catenin mediated increased expression of beta-catenin, Oct-4 and cyclin D in SP cells but not in non-SP cells was also observed. sp 86-88 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 64-69 26103122-3 2015 Here, we identify the yeast GSK-3 homologue Mck1 as a key regulator of G0 entry and reveal that Mck1 acts in parallel to Rim15 to activate starvation-induced gene expression, the acquisition of stress resistance, the accumulation of storage carbohydrates, the ability of early SP cells to exit from quiescence, and their chronological lifespan. sp 277-279 serine/threonine protein kinase RIM11 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 28-33 26103122-3 2015 Here, we identify the yeast GSK-3 homologue Mck1 as a key regulator of G0 entry and reveal that Mck1 acts in parallel to Rim15 to activate starvation-induced gene expression, the acquisition of stress resistance, the accumulation of storage carbohydrates, the ability of early SP cells to exit from quiescence, and their chronological lifespan. sp 277-279 serine/threonine/tyrosine protein kinase MCK1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 44-48 26103122-3 2015 Here, we identify the yeast GSK-3 homologue Mck1 as a key regulator of G0 entry and reveal that Mck1 acts in parallel to Rim15 to activate starvation-induced gene expression, the acquisition of stress resistance, the accumulation of storage carbohydrates, the ability of early SP cells to exit from quiescence, and their chronological lifespan. sp 277-279 serine/threonine/tyrosine protein kinase MCK1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 96-100 26103122-3 2015 Here, we identify the yeast GSK-3 homologue Mck1 as a key regulator of G0 entry and reveal that Mck1 acts in parallel to Rim15 to activate starvation-induced gene expression, the acquisition of stress resistance, the accumulation of storage carbohydrates, the ability of early SP cells to exit from quiescence, and their chronological lifespan. sp 277-279 protein kinase RIM15 Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 121-126 25872573-8 2015 In the IPC + ischemia-operated group, however, KYNA immunoreactivity was constitutively detected in the SP of the CA1 region after the ischemic insult. sp 104-106 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 114-117 25633829-6 2015 Additionally, using western blot analysis it was demonstrated that SP cells exhibit positivity and have a higher expression of CD133, CD44, EpCAM, Oct-4 and B-cell lymphoma 2. sp 67-69 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 127-132 25633829-6 2015 Additionally, using western blot analysis it was demonstrated that SP cells exhibit positivity and have a higher expression of CD133, CD44, EpCAM, Oct-4 and B-cell lymphoma 2. sp 67-69 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) Homo sapiens 134-138 25633829-6 2015 Additionally, using western blot analysis it was demonstrated that SP cells exhibit positivity and have a higher expression of CD133, CD44, EpCAM, Oct-4 and B-cell lymphoma 2. sp 67-69 epithelial cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 140-145 25633829-6 2015 Additionally, using western blot analysis it was demonstrated that SP cells exhibit positivity and have a higher expression of CD133, CD44, EpCAM, Oct-4 and B-cell lymphoma 2. sp 67-69 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 147-152 25997710-9 2015 Taking together, our findings define that miR-148b might play a critical role in maintenance of SP cells with CSC properties by targeting NRP1 in HCC. sp 96-98 microRNA 148b Homo sapiens 42-50 25997710-9 2015 Taking together, our findings define that miR-148b might play a critical role in maintenance of SP cells with CSC properties by targeting NRP1 in HCC. sp 96-98 neuropilin 1 Homo sapiens 138-142 25980517-3 2015 SP status predicts clonogenicity and cardiogenic gene expression (Gata4/6, Hand2 and Tbx5/20), properties segregating more specifically to PDGFRalpha(+) cells. sp 0-2 GATA binding protein 4 Mus musculus 66-73 25989161-4 2015 A SP in BD was nominally associated with 14 SNPs identified in 6 circadian genes: NPAS2, CRY2, ARNTL, ARNTL2, RORA and RORB. sp 2-4 neuronal PAS domain protein 2 Homo sapiens 82-87 25989161-4 2015 A SP in BD was nominally associated with 14 SNPs identified in 6 circadian genes: NPAS2, CRY2, ARNTL, ARNTL2, RORA and RORB. sp 2-4 cryptochrome circadian regulator 2 Homo sapiens 89-93 25989161-4 2015 A SP in BD was nominally associated with 14 SNPs identified in 6 circadian genes: NPAS2, CRY2, ARNTL, ARNTL2, RORA and RORB. sp 2-4 aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like Homo sapiens 95-100 25989161-4 2015 A SP in BD was nominally associated with 14 SNPs identified in 6 circadian genes: NPAS2, CRY2, ARNTL, ARNTL2, RORA and RORB. sp 2-4 aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like 2 Homo sapiens 102-108 25989161-4 2015 A SP in BD was nominally associated with 14 SNPs identified in 6 circadian genes: NPAS2, CRY2, ARNTL, ARNTL2, RORA and RORB. sp 2-4 RAR related orphan receptor A Homo sapiens 110-114 25989161-4 2015 A SP in BD was nominally associated with 14 SNPs identified in 6 circadian genes: NPAS2, CRY2, ARNTL, ARNTL2, RORA and RORB. sp 2-4 RAR related orphan receptor B Homo sapiens 119-123 25989161-6 2015 The gene-based analysis of the 349 SNPs showed that rs6738097 (NPAS2) and rs1554338 (CRY2) were significantly associated with the SP phenotype (respective Empirical p-values of 0.0003 and 0.005). sp 130-132 neuronal PAS domain protein 2 Homo sapiens 63-68 25989161-6 2015 The gene-based analysis of the 349 SNPs showed that rs6738097 (NPAS2) and rs1554338 (CRY2) were significantly associated with the SP phenotype (respective Empirical p-values of 0.0003 and 0.005). sp 130-132 cryptochrome circadian regulator 2 Homo sapiens 85-89 25980517-3 2015 SP status predicts clonogenicity and cardiogenic gene expression (Gata4/6, Hand2 and Tbx5/20), properties segregating more specifically to PDGFRalpha(+) cells. sp 0-2 heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 Mus musculus 75-80 25980517-3 2015 SP status predicts clonogenicity and cardiogenic gene expression (Gata4/6, Hand2 and Tbx5/20), properties segregating more specifically to PDGFRalpha(+) cells. sp 0-2 T-box 5 Mus musculus 85-92 25980517-3 2015 SP status predicts clonogenicity and cardiogenic gene expression (Gata4/6, Hand2 and Tbx5/20), properties segregating more specifically to PDGFRalpha(+) cells. sp 0-2 platelet derived growth factor receptor, alpha polypeptide Mus musculus 139-149 25797260-4 2015 MiR-200a suppressed metastasis of SP cells. sp 34-36 microRNA 200a Homo sapiens 0-8 25747147-10 2015 RESULTS: SP inhibited the LPS-stimulated release of proinflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide and interleukin (IL)-6 in RAW 264.7 cells. sp 9-11 interleukin 6 Mus musculus 104-122 25709011-6 2015 Data showed that radiation-induced apoptosis of thymocytes could be reversed by SP through inducing upregulation of Bcl-2 expression and downregulation of Fas and Bax levels. sp 80-82 B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 Mus musculus 116-121 25709011-6 2015 Data showed that radiation-induced apoptosis of thymocytes could be reversed by SP through inducing upregulation of Bcl-2 expression and downregulation of Fas and Bax levels. sp 80-82 BCL2-associated X protein Mus musculus 163-166 25783955-6 2015 SP, which binds to sperm in storage, signals through the sex peptide receptor (SPR) to elicit two other effects on mated females: the persistence of egg laying and a reduction in sexual receptivity. sp 0-2 Sex peptide receptor Drosophila melanogaster 57-77 25783955-6 2015 SP, which binds to sperm in storage, signals through the sex peptide receptor (SPR) to elicit two other effects on mated females: the persistence of egg laying and a reduction in sexual receptivity. sp 0-2 Sex peptide receptor Drosophila melanogaster 79-82 25887044-10 2015 CONCLUSION: Increases in salivary alpha-amylase activity suggest that both SIM and SP training produce stress among emergency healthcare professionals. sp 83-85 amylase alpha 1A Homo sapiens 25-47 25783008-11 2015 In brief, our findings show that IPC dramatically protected CA1 pyramidal neurons and strongly inhibited NHE1 expression in the SP of the CA1 after ischemia-reperfusion. sp 128-130 solute carrier family 9 member A1 Homo sapiens 105-109 25578561-4 2015 We found that UM1 cells (TSCC cells with increased SOD2 expression, migration and invasion abilities) possessed a higher proportion of SP cells, sphere and colony formation, and expressed a higher level of stem cell markers compared to UM2 cells (reduced SOD2 expression, migration and invasion abilities). sp 135-137 superoxide dismutase 2 Homo sapiens 51-55 25783008-11 2015 In brief, our findings show that IPC dramatically protected CA1 pyramidal neurons and strongly inhibited NHE1 expression in the SP of the CA1 after ischemia-reperfusion. sp 128-130 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 138-141 25798106-7 2015 Furthermore, ChAT-YFP cells from CA1 stratum radiatum/stratum lacunosum moleculare (SR/SLM) exhibited a stuttering firing phenotype but a delayed firing phenotype in stratum pyramidale (SP) of CA3. sp 186-188 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 33-36 25647164-10 2015 CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SP cells contain a population of cells that express genes also highly expressed in cancer cells including Stc1, which warrants further study on the role of SP cells and/or STC1 expression in thyroid cancer. sp 39-41 stanniocalcin 1 Mus musculus 145-149 25647164-10 2015 CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SP cells contain a population of cells that express genes also highly expressed in cancer cells including Stc1, which warrants further study on the role of SP cells and/or STC1 expression in thyroid cancer. sp 39-41 stanniocalcin 1 Mus musculus 211-215 25647164-10 2015 CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SP cells contain a population of cells that express genes also highly expressed in cancer cells including Stc1, which warrants further study on the role of SP cells and/or STC1 expression in thyroid cancer. sp 195-197 stanniocalcin 1 Mus musculus 145-149 25763821-5 2015 The proportions of SP in GBM8401 cells were diminished by Honokiol from 1.5+-0.22% down to 0.3+-0.02% and 0.2+-0.01% at doses of 2.5 muM and 5 muM, respectively. sp 19-21 latexin Homo sapiens 133-136 25763821-5 2015 The proportions of SP in GBM8401 cells were diminished by Honokiol from 1.5+-0.22% down to 0.3+-0.02% and 0.2+-0.01% at doses of 2.5 muM and 5 muM, respectively. sp 19-21 latexin Homo sapiens 143-146 25477522-1 2015 Spore photoproduct lyase (SPL) repairs 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine, a thymine dimer that is also called the spore photoproduct (SP), in germinating endospores. sp 26-28 sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 Homo sapiens 0-24 26268407-6 2015 Immunohistochemistry of streptavidin peroxidase biotin (SP) method was used to measure the protein expression of S100A12. sp 56-58 S100 calcium binding protein A12 Homo sapiens 113-120 25226206-2 2015 SP differentiation for 6 days of mESCs toward endoderm at hypoxia of 1% O2, but not at 3% or 21% (normoxia), increased the expression of Sox17 and Foxa2 by 31- and 63-fold above maintenance culture, respectively. sp 0-2 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 17 Mus musculus 137-142 25226206-2 2015 SP differentiation for 6 days of mESCs toward endoderm at hypoxia of 1% O2, but not at 3% or 21% (normoxia), increased the expression of Sox17 and Foxa2 by 31- and 63-fold above maintenance culture, respectively. sp 0-2 forkhead box A2 Mus musculus 147-152 25226206-6 2015 Under SP conditions, HIF-1alpha(-/-) mESCs failed to increase the expression of endodermal marker genes but rather shifted toward ectoderm. sp 6-8 hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit Mus musculus 21-31 25434714-6 2015 In the hyperthermia+ischemia groups, neuronal death in the SP of the CA1 occurred at 1 day post-ischemia, and neuronal death was observed in the SP of the CA2/3 region at 2 days post-ischemia. sp 59-61 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 69-72 25394603-7 2015 In in vitro tests, SP-fused recombinant HA1 (SP-rHA1) was shown to be more stable than recombinant HA1 (rHA1). sp 19-21 Rho GTPase activating protein 45 Mus musculus 40-43 25394603-7 2015 In in vitro tests, SP-fused recombinant HA1 (SP-rHA1) was shown to be more stable than recombinant HA1 (rHA1). sp 19-21 Rho GTPase activating protein 45 Mus musculus 49-52 25997962-5 2015 Then colony-formation assay, cell cycle analysis, CCK8 assays in vitro and xenograft experiments in vivo were performed and verified that miR-200a promoted proliferation, while blocked the formation of tumor spheroids and reduced the ratio of SP (side population) cells in ovarian cancer. sp 243-245 microRNA 200a Homo sapiens 138-146 25513970-1 2015 This study aimed to investigate the effects of Se-enriched probiotics (SP) on the liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in rats. sp 71-73 C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 Rattus norvegicus 108-112 25513970-3 2015 SP suppressed hepatic inflammation and necrosis induced by CCl4. sp 0-2 C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 Rattus norvegicus 59-63 25513970-4 2015 Moreover, SP significantly reduced the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, collagen, TGF-beta1, TIMP-1, and inflammation-related gene and induced apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells (P < 0.05) in rats treated by CCl4. sp 10-12 actin gamma 2, smooth muscle Rattus norvegicus 53-78 25513970-4 2015 Moreover, SP significantly reduced the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, collagen, TGF-beta1, TIMP-1, and inflammation-related gene and induced apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells (P < 0.05) in rats treated by CCl4. sp 10-12 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 90-99 25513970-4 2015 Moreover, SP significantly reduced the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, collagen, TGF-beta1, TIMP-1, and inflammation-related gene and induced apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells (P < 0.05) in rats treated by CCl4. sp 10-12 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 Rattus norvegicus 101-107 25513970-4 2015 Moreover, SP significantly reduced the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, collagen, TGF-beta1, TIMP-1, and inflammation-related gene and induced apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells (P < 0.05) in rats treated by CCl4. sp 10-12 C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 Rattus norvegicus 230-234 25369231-6 2014 The 171 up-regulated genes and 181 down-regulated genes in spiky SP-treated cells included Il1b, Spp1, Il18, Rbp4, and Il11ra1, where these genes are mainly involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. sp 65-67 interleukin 1 beta Mus musculus 91-95 25195567-8 2015 Phosphorylation motif analysis revealed that the inhibitors decreased phosphorylation levels of proline-x-serine-proline (PxSP) and serine-proline (SP) sites, consistent with extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibition. sp 124-126 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 175-212 25300771-5 2014 In the ischemia-operated-group, a significant loss of neurons was observed in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) alone 5 days after ischemia-reperfusion, however, in all the IPC+ischemia-operated-groups, pyramidal neurons in the SP were well protected. sp 102-104 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 125-128 25300771-5 2014 In the ischemia-operated-group, a significant loss of neurons was observed in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) alone 5 days after ischemia-reperfusion, however, in all the IPC+ischemia-operated-groups, pyramidal neurons in the SP were well protected. sp 102-104 carbonic anhydrase 1 Homo sapiens 137-140 25348623-4 2014 Accepted models of CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T(reg) selection suggest development via CD25(+)Foxp3(-) CD4 SP precursors. sp 96-98 interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha Homo sapiens 19-23 25348623-4 2014 Accepted models of CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T(reg) selection suggest development via CD25(+)Foxp3(-) CD4 SP precursors. sp 96-98 interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha Homo sapiens 76-80 25369231-6 2014 The 171 up-regulated genes and 181 down-regulated genes in spiky SP-treated cells included Il1b, Spp1, Il18, Rbp4, and Il11ra1, where these genes are mainly involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. sp 65-67 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Mus musculus 97-101 25369231-6 2014 The 171 up-regulated genes and 181 down-regulated genes in spiky SP-treated cells included Il1b, Spp1, Il18, Rbp4, and Il11ra1, where these genes are mainly involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. sp 65-67 interleukin 18 Mus musculus 103-107 25369231-6 2014 The 171 up-regulated genes and 181 down-regulated genes in spiky SP-treated cells included Il1b, Spp1, Il18, Rbp4, and Il11ra1, where these genes are mainly involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. sp 65-67 retinol binding protein 4, plasma Mus musculus 109-113 25369231-6 2014 The 171 up-regulated genes and 181 down-regulated genes in spiky SP-treated cells included Il1b, Spp1, Il18, Rbp4, and Il11ra1, where these genes are mainly involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. sp 65-67 interleukin 11 receptor, alpha chain 1 Mus musculus 119-126 25731543-1 2014 A man in his 60s received SP (S-1+CDDP) therapy for gastric cancer with multiple liver metastases. sp 26-28 proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 1 Homo sapiens 30-38 25374254-4 2014 Previous studies have demonstrated a key role for cell cycle-dependent multi-site phosphorylation of Ngn2 protein at Serine-Proline (SP) sites for regulation of its neuronal differentiation activity, although the potential structural and functional consequences of phosphorylation at different regions of the protein are unclear. sp 133-135 neurogenin 2 Homo sapiens 101-105 25374254-5 2014 RESULTS: Here we characterise the role of phosphorylation of specific regions of Ngn2 on the stability of Ngn2 protein and on its neuronal differentiation activity in vivo in the developing embryo, demonstrating clearly that the location of SP sites is less important than the number of SP sites available for control of Ngn2 activity in vivo. sp 241-243 neurogenin 2 Homo sapiens 81-85 25374254-5 2014 RESULTS: Here we characterise the role of phosphorylation of specific regions of Ngn2 on the stability of Ngn2 protein and on its neuronal differentiation activity in vivo in the developing embryo, demonstrating clearly that the location of SP sites is less important than the number of SP sites available for control of Ngn2 activity in vivo. sp 241-243 neurogenin 2 Homo sapiens 106-110 25374254-5 2014 RESULTS: Here we characterise the role of phosphorylation of specific regions of Ngn2 on the stability of Ngn2 protein and on its neuronal differentiation activity in vivo in the developing embryo, demonstrating clearly that the location of SP sites is less important than the number of SP sites available for control of Ngn2 activity in vivo. sp 241-243 neurogenin 2 Homo sapiens 106-110 25374254-5 2014 RESULTS: Here we characterise the role of phosphorylation of specific regions of Ngn2 on the stability of Ngn2 protein and on its neuronal differentiation activity in vivo in the developing embryo, demonstrating clearly that the location of SP sites is less important than the number of SP sites available for control of Ngn2 activity in vivo. sp 287-289 neurogenin 2 Homo sapiens 81-85 24993095-7 2014 Moreover, silencing of ABCB1 using a specific morpholino oligonucleotide results in an inhibition of the SP phenotype and a sensitising of ovarian cancer cell lines to paclitaxel. sp 105-107 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 23-28 25317078-4 2014 METHODS: We used Hoechst 33342 to identify the SP from non-SP (NSP) cells in HK1 NPC cell line and xeno-284 NPC xenograft. sp 47-49 hexokinase 1 Homo sapiens 77-80 25143389-4 2014 Metformin and Sp knockdown by RNAi decreased expression of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), resulting in inhibition of mTOR signaling. sp 14-16 insulin like growth factor 1 receptor Homo sapiens 63-100 25143389-4 2014 Metformin and Sp knockdown by RNAi decreased expression of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), resulting in inhibition of mTOR signaling. sp 14-16 insulin like growth factor 1 receptor Homo sapiens 102-108 25143389-4 2014 Metformin and Sp knockdown by RNAi decreased expression of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), resulting in inhibition of mTOR signaling. sp 14-16 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 138-142 25143389-5 2014 Ras activity was also decreased by metformin and Sp knockdown of EGFR, another Sp-regulated gene. sp 49-51 epidermal growth factor Homo sapiens 65-69 23680840-4 2014 In LMH pups, the extinction of heavy Camk4 expression in an SP was 1-2 days delayed postnatally compared with C pups. sp 60-62 calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IV Homo sapiens 37-42 23680840-6 2014 The abnormal expression of Camk4 in the cortical SP and in layer VIb might cause altered cortical connectivity affecting neocortical function. sp 49-51 calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IV Homo sapiens 27-32 24218279-2 2014 Before the ToGA trial, HER2-positive GC in Japan was treated with S-1 plus cisplatin (SP). sp 86-88 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 23-27 24218279-3 2014 The primary objective of this retrospective study was to explore the efficacy of SP in HER2-positive GC. sp 81-83 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 87-91 25197082-7 2014 However, the connexin-positive cells were not found in clusters but, rather, were dispersed in the SP zone. sp 99-101 LOC100128922 Homo sapiens 13-21 25077968-7 2014 Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated the enrichment of CD44(high)/CD24(low) CSC-like cells in the SP fraction of hyaluronan-overproducing cancer cells. sp 99-101 CD44 antigen Mus musculus 56-60 25077968-7 2014 Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated the enrichment of CD44(high)/CD24(low) CSC-like cells in the SP fraction of hyaluronan-overproducing cancer cells. sp 99-101 CD24a antigen Mus musculus 67-71 25309345-6 2014 There was, however, a greater proportion of GAD-positive cells were immunopositive for PV in SP in CA2 than in CA1 or CA3. sp 93-95 carbonic anhydrase 2 Rattus norvegicus 99-102 24950428-1 2014 Spore photoproduct lyase (SPL) catalyzes the repair of the UV lesion spore photoproduct (SP) in a reaction dependent on S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM). sp 26-28 sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 Homo sapiens 0-24 24845571-4 2014 miR-888 was found in our previous study to be up-regulated in SP cells and predicted to target E-Cadherin directly, indicating a potential role in maintaining SP properties and regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer metastasis. sp 62-64 microRNA 888 Homo sapiens 0-7 25123134-7 2014 Additionally, we investigated the role of extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) in cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation induced by SP. sp 151-153 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 42-78 25123134-7 2014 Additionally, we investigated the role of extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) in cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation induced by SP. sp 151-153 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 80-83 25123134-9 2014 In conclusion, SP promotes cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of human MSCs, probably through the ERK pathway. sp 15-17 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 115-118 24845571-4 2014 miR-888 was found in our previous study to be up-regulated in SP cells and predicted to target E-Cadherin directly, indicating a potential role in maintaining SP properties and regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer metastasis. sp 159-161 microRNA 888 Homo sapiens 0-7 24845571-4 2014 miR-888 was found in our previous study to be up-regulated in SP cells and predicted to target E-Cadherin directly, indicating a potential role in maintaining SP properties and regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer metastasis. sp 159-161 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 95-105 24845571-8 2014 In conclusion, miR-888 maintains SP properties and regulates EMT and metastasis in MCF-7 cells, potentially by targeting E-Cadherin expression. sp 33-35 microRNA 888 Homo sapiens 15-22 24845571-8 2014 In conclusion, miR-888 maintains SP properties and regulates EMT and metastasis in MCF-7 cells, potentially by targeting E-Cadherin expression. sp 33-35 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 121-131 24820417-2 2014 Conditional inactivation of F-box protein Fbw7 in mouse T-cell development resulted in reduced thymic CD4 single-positive (SP) and splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) cell proportions. sp 123-125 F-box and WD-40 domain protein 7 Mus musculus 42-46 24877898-3 2014 This study was aimed at investigating whether ethanol-elicited ERK activation may differ in key brain areas of ethanol-naive sP and sNP rats. sp 125-127 Eph receptor B1 Rattus norvegicus 63-66 25038821-10 2014 RESULTS: After treated with sesamin, SP cells differentiated into cells expressing the epithelial marker (E-cadherin). sp 37-39 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 106-116 24887382-7 2014 Eight (67%) SP had PB CD34(+) count <=5 x 10(6)/L D3 post pegfilgrastim; all SP surpassed this threshold the morning after plerixafor. sp 12-14 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 22-26 24887382-10 2014 After maximum four aphereses, median total CD34+ yield was higher in SP than HC; 8.0 (range 2.4-12.9) vs 4.8 (0.4-14.0) x 10(6)/kg (P=0.04). sp 69-71 CD34 molecule Homo sapiens 43-47 25076846-3 2014 Fumitremorgin C, an inhibitor of ABCG2, attenuated both the proliferation and viability of SP cells. sp 91-93 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 33-38 24719425-2 2014 Further trimming at two C-terminal sites removes the spacer peptide (SP), producing the mature capsid proteins CA and CA-S. Abundant genetic and structural evidence shows that the SP plays a critical role in stabilizing hexameric Gag interactions that form immature particles. sp 69-71 Pr76 polyprotein precursor Rous sarcoma virus 230-233 24820417-2 2014 Conditional inactivation of F-box protein Fbw7 in mouse T-cell development resulted in reduced thymic CD4 single-positive (SP) and splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) cell proportions. sp 123-125 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 102-105 24820417-5 2014 We observed augmented GATA3 in CD4/CD8 double negative (DN) stage 4, CD4 SP, and CD8 SP lineages in Fbw7-deficient thymocytes. sp 73-75 GATA binding protein 3 Mus musculus 22-27 24820417-5 2014 We observed augmented GATA3 in CD4/CD8 double negative (DN) stage 4, CD4 SP, and CD8 SP lineages in Fbw7-deficient thymocytes. sp 85-87 GATA binding protein 3 Mus musculus 22-27 24820417-5 2014 We observed augmented GATA3 in CD4/CD8 double negative (DN) stage 4, CD4 SP, and CD8 SP lineages in Fbw7-deficient thymocytes. sp 85-87 F-box and WD-40 domain protein 7 Mus musculus 100-104 25031712-4 2014 SP cells were only about 3.6% of SW780 cells and showed higher expression of ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) and CD133. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 77-119 24814575-5 2014 Both SS and SP increased blood glutathione peroxidase activity and tissue thioredoxin reductase 1 mRNA expression, with SP being higher than SS. sp 12-14 thioredoxin reductase 1 Homo sapiens 74-97 24814575-6 2014 All P, SS, and SP supplementation increased the superoxide dismutase activity (40.1, 53.0, and 64.5%), glutathione content (84.6, 104, and 165%), TCR-induced T lymphocyte proliferation (20.8, 26.4, and 50.0%), and IL-2 concentration (24.9, 27.2, and 46.2%) and decreased malondialdehyde content (25.1, 26.3, and 49.3%), respectively. sp 15-17 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 214-218 25031712-4 2014 SP cells were only about 3.6% of SW780 cells and showed higher expression of ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) and CD133. sp 0-2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 121-126 25031712-4 2014 SP cells were only about 3.6% of SW780 cells and showed higher expression of ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) and CD133. sp 0-2 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 132-137 24706893-5 2014 We find that the Hsp31 genes are strongly induced in DS and in stationary phase (SP), and that deletion of these genes reduces chronological lifespan, impairs transcriptional reprogramming at DS, and impairs the acquisition of several typical characteristics of SP, including autophagy induction. sp 81-83 glutathione-independent methylglyoxalase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C 17-22 24728213-6 2014 Expression of CD14 on monocytes and of CD11b and CXCR2 on neutrophils from SP was lower than that from HV. sp 75-77 integrin subunit alpha M Homo sapiens 39-44 24728213-6 2014 Expression of CD14 on monocytes and of CD11b and CXCR2 on neutrophils from SP was lower than that from HV. sp 75-77 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 Homo sapiens 49-54 24728213-7 2014 Conversely, expression of TLR5 on monocytes and neutrophils was higher in SP compared with HV. sp 74-76 toll like receptor 5 Homo sapiens 26-30 24728213-8 2014 Expression of TLR2 on the surface of neutrophils and that of TLR5 on monocytes and neutrophils of SP was lower at D7 than at D0. sp 98-100 toll like receptor 2 Homo sapiens 14-18 24728213-8 2014 Expression of TLR2 on the surface of neutrophils and that of TLR5 on monocytes and neutrophils of SP was lower at D7 than at D0. sp 98-100 toll like receptor 5 Homo sapiens 61-65 24728213-9 2014 In addition, SP who survived showed reduced expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on the surface of neutrophils at D7 compared to D0. sp 13-15 toll like receptor 2 Homo sapiens 58-62 24728213-9 2014 In addition, SP who survived showed reduced expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on the surface of neutrophils at D7 compared to D0. sp 13-15 toll like receptor 4 Homo sapiens 67-71 24678753-5 2014 Increased expression of neurotrophic factors such as BDNF and NT-3 at mRNA and protein levels were observed in the brain of SP-fed mice, especially SAMP8. sp 124-126 brain derived neurotrophic factor Mus musculus 53-57 24343820-1 2014 Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and S1P receptor 1 (S1P1) play an important role in the egress of mature CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocytes from the thymus. sp 131-133 sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 Mus musculus 34-48 24343820-1 2014 Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and S1P receptor 1 (S1P1) play an important role in the egress of mature CD4 or CD8 single-positive (SP) thymocytes from the thymus. sp 131-133 sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 Mus musculus 50-54 24678753-6 2014 Further, the phosphorylated CREB protein level of SAMP8 was markedly up-regulated by SP feeding. sp 85-87 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 Mus musculus 28-32 24563408-3 2014 Here, we show that diffuse large B-cell lymphomas possess a self-organized infrastructure comprising side population (SP) and non-SP cells, where transitions between clonogenic states are modulated by exosome-mediated Wnt signaling. sp 118-120 Wnt family member 3A Homo sapiens 218-221 24781822-5 2014 Conversely, SLC6A6 overexpression increased cell survival and the proportion of SP cells, enhancing multidrug resistance (MDR). sp 80-82 solute carrier family 6 member 6 Homo sapiens 12-18 24646203-9 2014 After action of APE1, BER can follow one of two subpathways, the short-patch (SP) or long-patch (LP) version, which differ based on the number of nucleotides a polymerase incorporates at the nick site. sp 78-80 apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 Homo sapiens 16-20 24563408-3 2014 Here, we show that diffuse large B-cell lymphomas possess a self-organized infrastructure comprising side population (SP) and non-SP cells, where transitions between clonogenic states are modulated by exosome-mediated Wnt signaling. sp 130-132 Wnt family member 3A Homo sapiens 218-221 24563408-4 2014 DNA methylation modulated SP-non-SP transitions and was correlated with the reciprocal expressions of Wnt signaling pathway agonist Wnt3a in SP cells and the antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in non-SP cells. sp 26-28 Wnt family member 3A Homo sapiens 132-137 24563408-4 2014 DNA methylation modulated SP-non-SP transitions and was correlated with the reciprocal expressions of Wnt signaling pathway agonist Wnt3a in SP cells and the antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in non-SP cells. sp 26-28 secreted frizzled related protein 4 Homo sapiens 169-204 24563408-4 2014 DNA methylation modulated SP-non-SP transitions and was correlated with the reciprocal expressions of Wnt signaling pathway agonist Wnt3a in SP cells and the antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in non-SP cells. sp 33-35 Wnt family member 3A Homo sapiens 132-137 24563408-4 2014 DNA methylation modulated SP-non-SP transitions and was correlated with the reciprocal expressions of Wnt signaling pathway agonist Wnt3a in SP cells and the antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in non-SP cells. sp 33-35 secreted frizzled related protein 4 Homo sapiens 169-204 24563408-4 2014 DNA methylation modulated SP-non-SP transitions and was correlated with the reciprocal expressions of Wnt signaling pathway agonist Wnt3a in SP cells and the antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in non-SP cells. sp 33-35 Wnt family member 3A Homo sapiens 132-137 24563408-4 2014 DNA methylation modulated SP-non-SP transitions and was correlated with the reciprocal expressions of Wnt signaling pathway agonist Wnt3a in SP cells and the antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in non-SP cells. sp 33-35 secreted frizzled related protein 4 Homo sapiens 169-204 24563408-4 2014 DNA methylation modulated SP-non-SP transitions and was correlated with the reciprocal expressions of Wnt signaling pathway agonist Wnt3a in SP cells and the antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in non-SP cells. sp 33-35 Wnt family member 3A Homo sapiens 132-137 24563408-4 2014 DNA methylation modulated SP-non-SP transitions and was correlated with the reciprocal expressions of Wnt signaling pathway agonist Wnt3a in SP cells and the antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in non-SP cells. sp 33-35 secreted frizzled related protein 4 Homo sapiens 169-204 24430552-5 2014 The SP-induced ERK, p38 MAPK, and NF-kappaB activation was characterized by Western blot and immunofluorescent assays. sp 4-6 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 20-23 23999380-0 2014 SP/drug efflux functionality of hematopoietic progenitors is controlled by mesenchymal niche through VLA-4/CD44 axis. sp 0-2 CD44 antigen Mus musculus 107-111 23999380-6 2014 This MSC-induced SP fraction contains HSPCs as demonstrated by their (i) CD34(+) cell percentage, (ii) quiescent status, (iii) in vitro proliferative and clonogenic potential, (iv) engraftment in NSG (NOD SCID gamma chain) mice and (v) stemness gene expression profile. sp 17-19 CD34 antigen Mus musculus 73-77 23999380-7 2014 We demonstrate that SP phenotype acquisition/reactivation by circulating lin(-) cells is dependent on interactions with MSCs through VLA-4/alpha4beta1-integrin and CD44. sp 20-22 CD44 antigen Mus musculus 164-168 24430552-8 2014 Furthermore, treatment with SP, but not NP, induced TF and vWF production in HUVECs in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was associated with sequential activation of the p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB pathways. sp 28-30 von Willebrand factor Homo sapiens 59-62 24430552-8 2014 Furthermore, treatment with SP, but not NP, induced TF and vWF production in HUVECs in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was associated with sequential activation of the p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB pathways. sp 28-30 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 177-185 24766287-5 2014 ABCG2, a halftransporter that belongs to the ATP binding cassette transporter superfamily, is the major contributor to the SP phenotype by actively pumping Ho432 selectively from stem cells. sp 123-125 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 0-5 24631243-3 2014 Transfer of male sex peptide (SP) during copulation mediates these postmating responses [1, 3-6] via SP sensory neurons in the uterus defined by coexpression of the proprioceptive neuronal marker pickpocket (ppk) and the sex-determination genes doublesex (dsx) and fruitless (fru) [7-9]. sp 30-32 pickpocket Drosophila melanogaster 196-206 24631243-3 2014 Transfer of male sex peptide (SP) during copulation mediates these postmating responses [1, 3-6] via SP sensory neurons in the uterus defined by coexpression of the proprioceptive neuronal marker pickpocket (ppk) and the sex-determination genes doublesex (dsx) and fruitless (fru) [7-9]. sp 30-32 pickpocket Drosophila melanogaster 208-211 24631243-3 2014 Transfer of male sex peptide (SP) during copulation mediates these postmating responses [1, 3-6] via SP sensory neurons in the uterus defined by coexpression of the proprioceptive neuronal marker pickpocket (ppk) and the sex-determination genes doublesex (dsx) and fruitless (fru) [7-9]. sp 30-32 doublesex Drosophila melanogaster 256-259 24631243-4 2014 Although neurons expressing dsx downstream of SP signaling have been shown to regulate postmating behaviors [9], how the female nervous system coordinates the change from pre- to postcopulatory states is unknown. sp 46-48 doublesex Drosophila melanogaster 28-31 24366104-5 2014 In particular, CD133+/SP cells exhibited higher proliferative and colony-forming activity than CD133+/non-SP cells. sp 22-24 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 15-20 24366104-5 2014 In particular, CD133+/SP cells exhibited higher proliferative and colony-forming activity than CD133+/non-SP cells. sp 106-108 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 15-20 24366104-8 2014 These findings demonstrate that increased chemoresistance and tumorigenic potential of CD133+ cells are at least partly attributed to an enriched SP fraction as well as increased MMP-1 expression. sp 146-148 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 87-92 23578133-3 2014 We hypothesized that the SP fraction in LX2 cells is associated with ECM deposition, which is regulated through TGF-beta signaling. sp 25-27 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 112-120 23578133-8 2014 Treatment of LX2 cells with TGF-beta decreased the SP fraction in a dose-dependent manner and increased the production of collagen type I. sp 51-53 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 28-36 23578133-9 2014 Treatment of LX2 cells with SB431542 blocked the effect of TGF-beta on the SP fraction and the expression of collagen type I. sp 75-77 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 59-67 23578133-12 2014 CONCLUSION: These results show that LX2 cells contain an SP fraction and that TGF-beta signaling is involved in the induction of ECM deposition as well as the number of SP cells. sp 169-171 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 78-86 24403294-3 2014 In this study, we investigated OT receptors (OTR) expressed in the cells of cardiac side population (SP) and the abilities of these cells to differentiate into CM in response to the treatment with OT-Gly-Lys-Arg (OT-GKR), a dominant and biologically active form of OT, in the fetal rodent heart. sp 101-103 oxytocin receptor Homo sapiens 31-43 24403294-3 2014 In this study, we investigated OT receptors (OTR) expressed in the cells of cardiac side population (SP) and the abilities of these cells to differentiate into CM in response to the treatment with OT-Gly-Lys-Arg (OT-GKR), a dominant and biologically active form of OT, in the fetal rodent heart. sp 101-103 oxytocin receptor Homo sapiens 45-48 24403294-5 2014 Using flow cytometry, the SP cells were selected from the newborn CM stained with Hoechst 33342: 5.32%+-0.06% of SP and 15.2%+-1.10 of main population expressed OTR on the cell surface. sp 26-28 oxytocin receptor Homo sapiens 161-164 24403294-6 2014 The OTR was detected in CD29 (6.6%) and then in CD31 (4.7%) but less frequently in CD45 (0.7%) positive SP cell subpopulations. sp 104-106 oxytocin receptor Homo sapiens 4-7 24096870-6 2014 Mechanistically, glucose upregulates the SP fraction through ATP-mediated suppression of AMPK and activation of the Akt pathway, leading to elevated expression of the ATP-dependent efflux pump ABCG2. sp 41-43 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 89-93 24096870-6 2014 Mechanistically, glucose upregulates the SP fraction through ATP-mediated suppression of AMPK and activation of the Akt pathway, leading to elevated expression of the ATP-dependent efflux pump ABCG2. sp 41-43 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 116-119 24096870-6 2014 Mechanistically, glucose upregulates the SP fraction through ATP-mediated suppression of AMPK and activation of the Akt pathway, leading to elevated expression of the ATP-dependent efflux pump ABCG2. sp 41-43 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 193-198 24096870-8 2014 Our data suggest that glucose is an essential regulator of SP cells mediated by the Akt pathway, and targeting glycolysis may eliminate the drug-resistant SP cells with potentially significant benefits in cancer treatment. sp 59-61 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 84-87 25784842-2 2014 The aim of this part of the project was to assess the knowledge of oncologists on indications for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) secondary prophylaxis (SP) of febrile neutropenia (FN) and FN management based on current therapeutic guidelines (Polish Society of Clinical Oncology [PTOK] and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC]). sp 167-169 colony stimulating factor 3 Homo sapiens 98-135 25784842-2 2014 The aim of this part of the project was to assess the knowledge of oncologists on indications for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) secondary prophylaxis (SP) of febrile neutropenia (FN) and FN management based on current therapeutic guidelines (Polish Society of Clinical Oncology [PTOK] and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC]). sp 167-169 colony stimulating factor 3 Homo sapiens 137-142 25784842-7 2014 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Indications for G-CSF SP were generally well recognized: in nearly 90% of responses, oncologists assessed correctly indications/lack of indications for secondary prophylaxis, in accordance with guideline recommendations and Experts" opinion. sp 47-49 colony stimulating factor 3 Homo sapiens 41-46 24219349-6 2014 During the differentiation from SP to NSP cells, the expression levels of Bmi-1 were gradually decreased. sp 32-34 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 74-79 24219349-10 2014 Rescue experiments demonstrated that ectopic expression of Bmi-1 in miR-203 overexpressed cells increased the SP fraction and restored cell proliferation. sp 110-112 BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb ring finger Homo sapiens 59-64 24219349-10 2014 Rescue experiments demonstrated that ectopic expression of Bmi-1 in miR-203 overexpressed cells increased the SP fraction and restored cell proliferation. sp 110-112 microRNA 203a Homo sapiens 68-75 24625985-8 2014 Furthermore, URI knockdown markedly reduced the abundance of SP in MM cell lines and enhanced the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of MM towards bortezomib. sp 61-63 URI1, prefoldin-like chaperone Mus musculus 13-16 24603487-5 2014 Our data demonstrated that compared with wild-type K562 cells, the higher percentage of ABCG2+ cells corresponded to the higher SP fraction in K562/ABCG2 (ABCG2 overexpressing) and K562/IMR (resistance to imatinib) cells, which exhibited enhanced drug resistance along with downregulated phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome -10 (PTEN) and activated phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt). sp 128-130 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 88-93 24603487-5 2014 Our data demonstrated that compared with wild-type K562 cells, the higher percentage of ABCG2+ cells corresponded to the higher SP fraction in K562/ABCG2 (ABCG2 overexpressing) and K562/IMR (resistance to imatinib) cells, which exhibited enhanced drug resistance along with downregulated phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome -10 (PTEN) and activated phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt). sp 128-130 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 148-153 24603487-5 2014 Our data demonstrated that compared with wild-type K562 cells, the higher percentage of ABCG2+ cells corresponded to the higher SP fraction in K562/ABCG2 (ABCG2 overexpressing) and K562/IMR (resistance to imatinib) cells, which exhibited enhanced drug resistance along with downregulated phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome -10 (PTEN) and activated phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt). sp 128-130 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 148-153 24603487-7 2014 Moreover, in CML patients in the accelerated phase/blastic phase (AP/BP), increased SP phenotype rather than ABCG2 expression was accompanied by the loss of PTEN protein and the up-regulation of p-Akt expression. sp 84-86 phosphatase and tensin homolog Homo sapiens 157-161 24603487-7 2014 Moreover, in CML patients in the accelerated phase/blastic phase (AP/BP), increased SP phenotype rather than ABCG2 expression was accompanied by the loss of PTEN protein and the up-regulation of p-Akt expression. sp 84-86 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 197-200 23474755-5 2014 Here, we examine the hypothesis that the TIMP-2 antitumor activity may involve regulation of the SP in human lung cancer cells. sp 97-99 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 Homo sapiens 41-47 23474755-6 2014 Indeed, using Hoechst dye efflux assay and flow cytometry, as well as quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis, we found that endogenous TIMP-2 mRNA levels showed a significant inverse correlation with SP fraction size in six non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. sp 209-211 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 Homo sapiens 144-150 23474755-7 2014 In A549 cells expressing increased levels of TIMP-2, a significant decrease in SP was observed, and this decrease was associated with lowered gene expression of ABCG2, ABCB1 and AKR1C1. sp 79-81 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 Homo sapiens 45-51 23474755-11 2014 Our findings provide the first indication that TIMP-2 modulates SP phenotype and function, and suggests that TIMP-2 may act as an endogenous suppressor of the SP in human lung cancer cells. sp 64-66 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 Homo sapiens 47-53 23474755-11 2014 Our findings provide the first indication that TIMP-2 modulates SP phenotype and function, and suggests that TIMP-2 may act as an endogenous suppressor of the SP in human lung cancer cells. sp 159-161 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 Homo sapiens 109-115 24592261-12 2014 Approximately 46.3% of CD4 SP and 27% of CD8 SP thymocytes divide before dying or exiting the thymus. sp 27-29 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 23-26 25799829-3 2014 Endogenous thrombin potential decreased progressively during the first 7-10 days among the patients with the fatal outcome of SP. sp 126-128 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 11-19 24161763-7 2014 Exogenous IL-8 increased the SP fraction and expression of multidrug resistance-1, decreasing the drug sensitivity. sp 29-31 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 10-14 23784558-5 2014 We found that pharmacological inhibition or genetic depletion of PI3K and AKT markedly reduced the spontaneous conversion of nonside population (NSP) cells into cancer stem-like SP cells, whereas PI3K/Akt activation conversely enhanced NSP to SP conversion. sp 146-148 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 74-77 23784558-5 2014 We found that pharmacological inhibition or genetic depletion of PI3K and AKT markedly reduced the spontaneous conversion of nonside population (NSP) cells into cancer stem-like SP cells, whereas PI3K/Akt activation conversely enhanced NSP to SP conversion. sp 178-180 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 74-77 23784558-7 2014 Accordingly, pharmacological or genetic perturbation of GSK3beta or beta-catenin dramatically impacted conversion of NSP to SP. sp 118-120 glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta Homo sapiens 56-64 23784558-7 2014 Accordingly, pharmacological or genetic perturbation of GSK3beta or beta-catenin dramatically impacted conversion of NSP to SP. sp 118-120 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 68-80 25799829-4 2014 This trend in thrombin generation can be used to predict the unfavourable outcome of SP. sp 85-87 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 14-22 24173665-9 2014 Moreover, PZH treatment in HT-29 SP cells markedly inhibited the mRNA levels of ABCB1 and ABCG2, which are members of the ABC transporter superfamily, thereby contributing to the SP phenotype and multi-drug resistance. sp 33-35 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 80-85 24173665-9 2014 Moreover, PZH treatment in HT-29 SP cells markedly inhibited the mRNA levels of ABCB1 and ABCG2, which are members of the ABC transporter superfamily, thereby contributing to the SP phenotype and multi-drug resistance. sp 33-35 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 90-95 25427584-6 2014 The sorted SP cells showed high positivity with regard to CD133, CD44, CD147, and EpCAM, by fluorescence microscopic analysis. sp 11-13 prominin 1 Homo sapiens 58-63 24603611-2 2014 METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the gene expression of TNF receptor-associated death domain protein (TRADD) and Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD) in peripheral blood leukocytes of 23 relapsing remitting (RR), 19 secondary progressive (SP) and 12 primary progressive (PP) MS patients, as well as of 29 healthy controls by quantitative RT-PCR. sp 264-266 TNFRSF1A associated via death domain Homo sapiens 75-119 24603611-2 2014 METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the gene expression of TNF receptor-associated death domain protein (TRADD) and Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD) in peripheral blood leukocytes of 23 relapsing remitting (RR), 19 secondary progressive (SP) and 12 primary progressive (PP) MS patients, as well as of 29 healthy controls by quantitative RT-PCR. sp 264-266 Fas associated via death domain Homo sapiens 169-173 24603611-9 2014 FADD elevation in RR MS reinforces the concept that different pathophysiological and immunological processes sustain RR MS and SP or PP MS. sp 127-129 Fas associated via death domain Homo sapiens 0-4 24173369-8 2014 QH decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced the zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions between QH and the miR-27a-ZBTB10 axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 83-85 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 72-78 24173369-8 2014 QH decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced the zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions between QH and the miR-27a-ZBTB10 axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 83-85 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 145-152 24173369-8 2014 QH decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced the zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions between QH and the miR-27a-ZBTB10 axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 83-85 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 153-159 24173369-8 2014 QH decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced the zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions between QH and the miR-27a-ZBTB10 axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 180-182 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 13-25 24173369-8 2014 QH decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced the zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions between QH and the miR-27a-ZBTB10 axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 180-182 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 27-34 24173369-8 2014 QH decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced the zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions between QH and the miR-27a-ZBTB10 axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 180-182 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 72-78 24173369-8 2014 QH decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced the zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions between QH and the miR-27a-ZBTB10 axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 180-182 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 145-152 24173369-8 2014 QH decreased microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induced the zinc finger protein ZBTB10, an Sp-repressor, suggesting that interactions between QH and the miR-27a-ZBTB10 axis play a role in Sp downregulation. sp 180-182 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 153-159 25427584-6 2014 The sorted SP cells showed high positivity with regard to CD133, CD44, CD147, and EpCAM, by fluorescence microscopic analysis. sp 11-13 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) Homo sapiens 65-69 25427584-6 2014 The sorted SP cells showed high positivity with regard to CD133, CD44, CD147, and EpCAM, by fluorescence microscopic analysis. sp 11-13 basigin (Ok blood group) Homo sapiens 71-76 25427584-6 2014 The sorted SP cells showed high positivity with regard to CD133, CD44, CD147, and EpCAM, by fluorescence microscopic analysis. sp 11-13 epithelial cell adhesion molecule Homo sapiens 82-87 24405603-4 2014 However, The positive expression rate of caspase-9 was significantly lower in EC than that in normal esophagus tissue by SP method (18.8% vs 76.7%, P<0.01) and by RT-PCR (0.297+-0.058 vs 0.593+-0.108, P<0.01). sp 121-123 caspase 9 Homo sapiens 41-50 25584043-3 2013 The mechanism of these responses involve ROS-dependent downregulation of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) or miR-20a (and paralogs) and induction of two Sp-repressors, ZBTB10 and ZBTB4 respectively. sp 143-145 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 Homo sapiens 169-174 24098976-8 2013 HHF2 showed a higher frequency in HC (19%) than SP (9%) (p=0.027), while HHG1 was more frequent in SP (11.1%) than in HC (4.2%) (p=0.019). sp 99-101 sonic hedgehog signaling molecule Homo sapiens 73-77 24098976-9 2013 The AGACCAC-CCR2-I-CCR5 wild-type haplotype showed a higher frequency in SP (14.2%) than in HC (3.7%) (p=0.001). sp 73-75 C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 Homo sapiens 12-16 24098976-9 2013 The AGACCAC-CCR2-I-CCR5 wild-type haplotype showed a higher frequency in SP (14.2%) than in HC (3.7%) (p=0.001). sp 73-75 C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 Homo sapiens 19-23 24321159-5 2013 RESULTS: The IFN-beta-treated group showed a highly significant reduction (hazard ratio [HR], 0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19-0.61, p<0.001) in the risk of SP when compared with untreated patients. sp 167-169 interferon beta 1 Homo sapiens 13-21 24022013-6 2013 RESULTS: In the choroid, 2.8% of CD31+CD45- vascular endothelial cells (ECs) showed a typical SP staining pattern. sp 94-96 platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 Mus musculus 33-37 24167279-9 2013 However, on account of SP-catalyzed ADP/ATP exchange, GroES symmetry is rapidly restored. sp 23-25 heat shock protein family E (Hsp10) member 1 Homo sapiens 54-59 24167279-10 2013 The residence time of both GroES and SP on functional GroEL is reduced to ~1 s, enabling many more iterations than was previously believed possible, consistent with the iterative annealing mechanism. sp 37-39 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 Homo sapiens 54-59 24649041-10 2013 Foxm1 is considered to be an important gene required for the lung maturation of preterm rabbits in correlation with SP genes. sp 116-118 forkhead box protein M1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 0-5 22903314-9 2013 Collectively, these findings show that Gli3 specifies a cortical environment permissive to the growth of cortical axons at the progenitor level by controlling the formation of SP neurons. sp 176-178 GLI family zinc finger 3 Homo sapiens 39-43 24394063-0 2013 [The efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with S-1/CDDP (SP) to the patients with large type 3 and type 4 gastric cancer]. sp 57-59 proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 1 Homo sapiens 47-55 24394063-1 2013 Here, I examined the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy( NAC) with S-1/CDDP( SP) in my hospital. sp 79-81 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 59-62 24394063-1 2013 Here, I examined the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy( NAC) with S-1/CDDP( SP) in my hospital. sp 79-81 proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 1 Homo sapiens 69-77 24394063-5 2013 Gastrectomy was performed following the NAC with SP. sp 49-51 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 40-43 24100390-8 2013 These results suggest that ROS may be involved in promoting the functional maturation of CD4(+) SPs and thymic medullary microenvironment contributes to the pro-oxidant shift of SP thymocytes. sp 96-98 CD4 antigen Mus musculus 89-92 24167279-1 2013 Using calibrated FRET, we show that the simultaneous occupancy of both rings of GroEL by ATP and GroES occurs, leading to the rapid formation of symmetric GroEL:GroES2 "football" particles regardless of the presence or absence of substrate protein (SP). sp 249-251 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 Homo sapiens 80-85 24167279-1 2013 Using calibrated FRET, we show that the simultaneous occupancy of both rings of GroEL by ATP and GroES occurs, leading to the rapid formation of symmetric GroEL:GroES2 "football" particles regardless of the presence or absence of substrate protein (SP). sp 249-251 heat shock protein family E (Hsp10) member 1 Homo sapiens 97-102 24167279-1 2013 Using calibrated FRET, we show that the simultaneous occupancy of both rings of GroEL by ATP and GroES occurs, leading to the rapid formation of symmetric GroEL:GroES2 "football" particles regardless of the presence or absence of substrate protein (SP). sp 249-251 heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 Homo sapiens 155-160 24002436-5 2013 QPCR assay for 370 miRNAs was performed to identify the differential miRNA expression between SP and Non-SP (NSP) cells in the PLC/PRF/5 cell line. sp 94-96 heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 Homo sapiens 127-130 24002436-11 2013 Mice injected with SP cells on the right side formed more tumor masses compared to their counterpart NSP at the same injection dosage; qPCR profiling identified 27 differentially expressed miRNAs in PLC/PRF/5 cells. sp 19-21 heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 Homo sapiens 199-202 24022013-6 2013 RESULTS: In the choroid, 2.8% of CD31+CD45- vascular endothelial cells (ECs) showed a typical SP staining pattern. sp 94-96 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C Mus musculus 38-42 24007343-10 2013 Based on additional simulations of SP binding to two allosteric conformations of p97, we propose that transient binding and release of SP from the pore involves a lever mechanism. sp 35-37 melanotransferrin Homo sapiens 81-84 24116047-5 2013 We found that ACHN and KRC/Y contain 1.4% and 1.7% SP cells, respectively. sp 51-53 HIVEP zinc finger 3 Homo sapiens 23-26 24116047-8 2013 ALDH1 activity analysis revealed that ACHN SP cells expressed a higher level of activity than NSP cells (SP vs. NSP: 32.7% vs 14.6%). sp 43-45 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 Homo sapiens 0-5 24007343-10 2013 Based on additional simulations of SP binding to two allosteric conformations of p97, we propose that transient binding and release of SP from the pore involves a lever mechanism. sp 135-137 melanotransferrin Homo sapiens 81-84 24007343-11 2013 Binding to the open pore conformation of p97 occurs primarily at the Arg599 side chain, where the SP backbone is engaged through electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds. sp 98-100 melanotransferrin Homo sapiens 41-44 23173824-11 2013 SP in culture with osteogenic medium significantly enhanced proliferation of PDLSCs, as well as ALP activity, expression of osteonectin, osteocalcin production, formation of calcified nodules, and mineralization. sp 0-2 alkaline phosphatase, placental Homo sapiens 96-99 24098529-9 2013 In addition, the SP showed enhanced expression of genes related to cell invasion and migration, as well as to putative (melanoma) cancer stem cells (CSC) including ABCB1 and JARID1B. sp 17-19 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 Homo sapiens 164-169 24098529-9 2013 In addition, the SP showed enhanced expression of genes related to cell invasion and migration, as well as to putative (melanoma) cancer stem cells (CSC) including ABCB1 and JARID1B. sp 17-19 lysine demethylase 5B Homo sapiens 174-181 23173824-11 2013 SP in culture with osteogenic medium significantly enhanced proliferation of PDLSCs, as well as ALP activity, expression of osteonectin, osteocalcin production, formation of calcified nodules, and mineralization. sp 0-2 bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein Homo sapiens 137-148 23173824-12 2013 CONCLUSIONS: SP enhances the formation of calcified nodules and osteocalcin production in the culture of PDLSCs into osteoblast-like cells and is a useful material for periodontal tissue regeneration. sp 13-15 bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein Homo sapiens 64-75 24014113-5 2013 IMD-0354 did target CSCs, evidenced by a decrease in the SP, demonstrated by the inhibition of the following: dye/drug efflux, reduction in ABC transporters as well as in colony formation in soft agar and low attachment plates. sp 57-59 adrenomedullin 2 Mus musculus 0-3 23085761-11 2013 Overexpression of NANOGP8 rescues single-cell spherogenicity when NANOG gene expression is inhibited and increases the SP in CRC. sp 119-121 Nanog homeobox retrogene P8 Homo sapiens 18-25 23085761-11 2013 Overexpression of NANOGP8 rescues single-cell spherogenicity when NANOG gene expression is inhibited and increases the SP in CRC. sp 119-121 Nanog homeobox Homo sapiens 18-23 23864708-6 2013 A large fraction of these SP cells are CD44 and CD24 positive, are gemcitabine resistant, possess sphere-forming ability, and exhibit increased tumorigenicity, known characteristics of cancer stemness. sp 26-28 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) Homo sapiens 39-43 23864708-6 2013 A large fraction of these SP cells are CD44 and CD24 positive, are gemcitabine resistant, possess sphere-forming ability, and exhibit increased tumorigenicity, known characteristics of cancer stemness. sp 26-28 CD24 molecule Homo sapiens 48-52 24011191-11 2013 In conclusion, we demonstrated that leptin inhibited the reproductive axis of Syrian male hamsters exposed to LP and SP and fed ad libitum. sp 117-119 leptin Mesocricetus auratus 36-42 23471840-5 2013 Additionally, Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 and Sp-regulated genes were downregulated by curcuminoids in SW-480 and this was accompanied by suppression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an mRNA target of miR-27a and a transcriptional repressor of Sp expression. sp 14-16 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 10 Homo sapiens 183-189 23471840-5 2013 Additionally, Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 and Sp-regulated genes were downregulated by curcuminoids in SW-480 and this was accompanied by suppression of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) and induction of ZBTB10, an mRNA target of miR-27a and a transcriptional repressor of Sp expression. sp 14-16 microRNA 27a Homo sapiens 209-216 23603434-3 2013 This study revealed that over-expression of ABCG2 in Jurkat and HL60 cells led to an increased SP fraction, up-regulated levels of phosphorylated-PI3K and phosphorylated-Akt, and enhanced drug resistance, all of which could be attenuated by treatment with either the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. sp 95-97 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (Junior blood group) Homo sapiens 44-49 23935934-5 2013 However, the function of stroma derived OPN in regulation of side population (SP) enrichment leading to melanoma growth, angiogenesis and metastasis is not well studied and yet to be the focus of intense investigation. sp 78-80 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Mus musculus 40-43 23935934-9 2013 We report for the first time that stroma derived OPN regulates SP phenotype in murine melanoma cells. sp 63-65 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Mus musculus 49-52 23935934-10 2013 Moreover, loss in and gain of function studies demonstrated that stroma-derived OPN regulates SP phenotype specifically through ERK2 activation. sp 94-96 secreted phosphoprotein 1 Mus musculus 80-83 23935934-10 2013 Moreover, loss in and gain of function studies demonstrated that stroma-derived OPN regulates SP phenotype specifically through ERK2 activation. sp 94-96 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Mus musculus 128-132 23893812-5 2013 We found that CD8+ T cells and CD8+low T cells significantly increased in secondary progressive (SP) and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) patients in comparison to controls (p&lt;0.0002 and p&lt;0.004 respectively) and also RRMS (p&lt;0.005 and p&lt;0.017 respectively). sp 97-99 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 14-17 23893812-5 2013 We found that CD8+ T cells and CD8+low T cells significantly increased in secondary progressive (SP) and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) patients in comparison to controls (p&lt;0.0002 and p&lt;0.004 respectively) and also RRMS (p&lt;0.005 and p&lt;0.017 respectively). sp 97-99 CD8a molecule Homo sapiens 31-34