PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
34006835-0	2021	Ceftazidime is a potential drug to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro by blocking spike protein-ACE2 interaction.	Ceftazidime	0-11	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	99-103
34007191-0	2021	Ceftazidime-Avibactam Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 11 Due to a Mutation in Plasmid-Borne bla kpc-2 to bla kpc-33, in Henan, China.	Ceftazidime	0-11	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	114-119
34006835-0	2021	Ceftazidime is a potential drug to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro by blocking spike protein-ACE2 interaction.	Ceftazidime	0-11	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	85-90
33737655-2	2021	Our aim was to assess the effects of antibiotic administration (ampicillin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin) on the establishment and elimination of intestinal colonization with a CTX-M-15 ESBL and OXA-162 carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST15 (KP5825) in a murine (C57BL/6 male mice) model.	Ceftazidime	76-87	extended spectrum beta-lactamase CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	175-183
33915286-4	2021	METHODS: Ceftazidime-avibactam resistant mutants from 3 clinical isolates of Enterobacterales carrying either blaKPC-2 or blaKPC-3 were selected in vitro.	Ceftazidime	9-20	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	110-118
33737655-12	2021	The gene copy number blaOXA-162 correlated with K. pneumoniae in vivo, while a major elevation was observed in the copy number of blaCTX-M-15 from the first day to the fifteenth day in the 0.5 g/L dose ceftazidime treatment group.	Ceftazidime	202-213	CTX-M-15 beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	130-141
33488575-3	2020	Screening small molecule compound libraries identified the beta-lactam antibiotics cefsulodin and ceftazidime, which inhibited integrin beta-subunit cytoplasmic domain binding to the tandem SH2 domains of Syk (IC50 range, 1.02-4.9 microM).	Ceftazidime	98-109	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	205-208
33367916-0	2021	Assessing the in vitro impact of ceftazidime on aztreonam/avibactam susceptibility testing for highly resistant MBL-producing Enterobacterales.	Ceftazidime	33-44	mannose-binding lectin family member 3, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	112-115
33291867-1	2021	Mutations in KPC-2 and KPC-3 beta-lactamase can confer resistance to the beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor antibacterial intravenous drug combination ceftazidime-avibactam, introduced in 2015.	Ceftazidime	153-164	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	13-18
33488575-5	2020	Ceftazidime inhibited integrin signaling via Syk, including inhibition of adhesion-dependent upregulation of interleukin-1beta and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, but did not inhibit ITAM-dependent phosphorylation of Syk mediated by FcgammaRI signaling.	Ceftazidime	0-11	spleen associated tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	45-48
33488575-5	2020	Ceftazidime inhibited integrin signaling via Syk, including inhibition of adhesion-dependent upregulation of interleukin-1beta and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, but did not inhibit ITAM-dependent phosphorylation of Syk mediated by FcgammaRI signaling.	Ceftazidime	0-11	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	109-126
33488575-5	2020	Ceftazidime inhibited integrin signaling via Syk, including inhibition of adhesion-dependent upregulation of interleukin-1beta and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, but did not inhibit ITAM-dependent phosphorylation of Syk mediated by FcgammaRI signaling.	Ceftazidime	0-11	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	131-165
32729059-0	2021	Emergence of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance through distinct genomic adaptations in KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae of sequence type 39 during treatment.	Ceftazidime	13-24	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	86-91
33256982-8	2021	To test the activity of NADPH oxidase, we detected NADPH in MEM and CAZ/TB pre-cultivated activated PMNs, which showed that MEM and CAZ/TB modulates NETs formation through activation of NADHP oxidase by affecting the subunits of key enzymes.	Ceftazidime	68-71	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
33256982-8	2021	To test the activity of NADPH oxidase, we detected NADPH in MEM and CAZ/TB pre-cultivated activated PMNs, which showed that MEM and CAZ/TB modulates NETs formation through activation of NADHP oxidase by affecting the subunits of key enzymes.	Ceftazidime	132-135	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
33256982-8	2021	To test the activity of NADPH oxidase, we detected NADPH in MEM and CAZ/TB pre-cultivated activated PMNs, which showed that MEM and CAZ/TB modulates NETs formation through activation of NADHP oxidase by affecting the subunits of key enzymes.	Ceftazidime	132-135	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	51-56
32729059-1	2021	Three ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains of ST39 were isolated in Greece, from rectal swabs of three patients after 10-15 days of treatment.	Ceftazidime	6-17	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	38-43
33212285-2	2020	pneumoniae harboring NDM-1 in a neutropenic patient using aztreonam-ceftazidime-avibactam, who previously failed colistin and meropenem therapy.	Ceftazidime	68-79	NDM-1	Klebsiella pneumoniae	21-26
33106265-0	2020	KPC-53, a KPC-3 variant of clinical origin associated with reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam.	Ceftazidime	85-96	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	10-15
33106265-1	2020	This study reports on the characterization of a Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate showing a high-level resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam associated with production of KPC-53, a KPC-3 variant exhibiting a Leu167Glu168 duplication in the Omega-loop and loss of carbapenemase activity.	Ceftazidime	122-133	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	184-189
33139291-7	2020	Ceftazidime-avibactam was active against 9.1% of carbapenem-resistant E. coli (63.6% were bla NDM-producers) and 84.6% of K. pneumoniae (74.3% were bla KPC-producers) isolates.	Ceftazidime	0-11	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	90-93
33139291-7	2020	Ceftazidime-avibactam was active against 9.1% of carbapenem-resistant E. coli (63.6% were bla NDM-producers) and 84.6% of K. pneumoniae (74.3% were bla KPC-producers) isolates.	Ceftazidime	0-11	TEM beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	148-151
33257320-6	2021	High-resolution crystal structures of ESOC acyl-enzyme complexes with deacylation-deficient (E166Q) KPC-2 and KPC-4 mutants show that ceftazidime acylation causes rearrangement of three loops; the Omega-, 240- and 270-loops, that border the active site.	Ceftazidime	134-145	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	100-105
32043433-6	2020	Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry was used to determine the protein contents of the BMVs.We found that ceftazidime induced a higher number of BMVs (CAZ-BMV), which carried more LPS, and induced higher expression levels of iNOS, IL-1beta, and IL-6 in macrophages, higher expression of many cytokines in mice, more neutrophil infiltration in lung interstitium, and higher mortality in mice than imipenem-induced BMVs (IMP-BMV).	Ceftazidime	116-127	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	235-239
32043433-6	2020	Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry was used to determine the protein contents of the BMVs.We found that ceftazidime induced a higher number of BMVs (CAZ-BMV), which carried more LPS, and induced higher expression levels of iNOS, IL-1beta, and IL-6 in macrophages, higher expression of many cytokines in mice, more neutrophil infiltration in lung interstitium, and higher mortality in mice than imipenem-induced BMVs (IMP-BMV).	Ceftazidime	116-127	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	241-249
32043433-6	2020	Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry was used to determine the protein contents of the BMVs.We found that ceftazidime induced a higher number of BMVs (CAZ-BMV), which carried more LPS, and induced higher expression levels of iNOS, IL-1beta, and IL-6 in macrophages, higher expression of many cytokines in mice, more neutrophil infiltration in lung interstitium, and higher mortality in mice than imipenem-induced BMVs (IMP-BMV).	Ceftazidime	116-127	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	255-259
33257320-7	2021	However, these rearrangements are less pronounced in the KPC-4 than the KPC-2 ceftazidime acyl-enzyme, and are not observed in the KPC-2:cefotaxime acyl-enzyme.	Ceftazidime	78-89	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	72-77
33257320-8	2021	Molecular dynamics simulations of KPC:ceftazidime acyl-enyzmes reveal that the deacylation general base E166, located on the Omega-loop, adopts two distinct conformations in KPC-2, either pointing "in" or "out" of the active site; with only the "in" form compatible with deacylation.	Ceftazidime	38-49	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	174-179
32719857-0	2020	Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of KPC-51 and KPC-52, two novel KPC-2 variants conferring resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam in the KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 clone background.	Ceftazidime	106-117	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	66-71
32721602-14	2020	Resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam was highest among MDR, carbapenemase-positive, metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-positive K. pneumoniae (98.0%), whereas colistin resistance was highest among MDR, carbapenemase-positive, MBL-negative isolates (30.2%).	Ceftazidime	14-25	hypothetical protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	83-105
32660988-2	2020	We show that four steps: ompK36 and ramR mutation plus carriage of OXA-232 and KPC-3-D178Y variant beta-lactamases confer ceftazidime/avibactam and meropenem/vaborbactam resistance when both pairs are used together.	Ceftazidime	122-133	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	79-84
32660987-3	2020	Recently, a number of clinical isolates expressing mutated forms of AmpC have been found to be clinically resistant to the antipseudomonal beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor (BLI) combinations ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam.	Ceftazidime	222-233	beta-lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	68-72
31733412-2	2020	PATIENTS AND METHODS: A patient with an intra-abdominal infection due to K. pneumoniae producing the KPC-3 variant L169P-A172 T (resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam and susceptible to carbapenem) who was treated with imipenem-cilastatin in combination with tigecycline and gentamicin.	Ceftazidime	142-153	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	101-106
32660987-10	2020	It is remarkable that these mutations enhance the catalytic efficiency of AmpC towards ceftolozane and ceftazidime while simultaneously reducing susceptibility to inhibition by avibactam.	Ceftazidime	103-114	beta-lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	74-78
32417206-8	2020	Ceftazidime-avibactam MIC values of 4 mg/L were noted among 14 Klebsiella pneumoniae (13 carrying blaKPC and 1 blaCTX-M-15) mostly from Italy and Brazil and 1 Klebsiella aerogenes overexpressing ampC.	Ceftazidime	0-11	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	195-199
32964066-1	2020	This report describes the treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-3-producing multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae with ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) in a patient who developed postneurosurgical meningitis and bacteremia.	Ceftazidime	132-143	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	39-82
32674904-9	2020	Moreover, LPC+imipenem and LPC+ceftazidime significantly decreased and increased the TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels, respectively, in comparison with the untreated controls and monotherapies.	Ceftazidime	31-42	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	85-94
32674904-9	2020	Moreover, LPC+imipenem and LPC+ceftazidime significantly decreased and increased the TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels, respectively, in comparison with the untreated controls and monotherapies.	Ceftazidime	31-42	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	99-104
32719751-10	2020	Ceftazidime-avibactam showed excellent in vitro activity against bla KPC-2 and bla OXA-48-like positive strains (100% susceptible).	Ceftazidime	0-11	UBA domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	69-74
32259720-9	2020	Further electrocatalyzing by ring cleavage reaction and complete mineralization to CO2, NO3- and NH4+ was proposed, which demonstrated the G/CNT-Ce/PbO2-Ce electrode exhibited high efficiency for ceftazidime removal in mild conditions.	Ceftazidime	196-207	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	88-91
32277821-11	2020	All KPC-3-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to cefiderocol, even those resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam.	Ceftazidime	91-102	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	4-9
31740422-8	2020	Genomic characterization showed that a ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp harboured a mixed population with D179Y mutated KPC-2, while the other two ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant KPC-Kp possessed non-functional ompK35-ompK37 and mutated ompK36 porins associated with higher copy number of blaKPC gene.	Ceftazidime	39-50	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	126-131
32304724-5	2020	Both assays failed to detect KPC-31 and KPC-33, D179Y point mutation variants of KPC-3 and KPC-2, that are deprived of carbapenemase activity and confer resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam.	Ceftazidime	167-178	UBA domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	91-96
32742595-9	2020	Existence of bla IMP conferred more resistance to cephalotin, fosfomycin, and piperacillin (P<=0.01) and carrying bla VIM caused more resistance to cephalotin, cefepime, and ceftazidime (P<=0.01).	Ceftazidime	174-185	vimentin	Homo sapiens	118-121
31718408-4	2020	The objective of this study was to characterize the ESBL genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M types) that were most prevalent among 343 ceftazidime-resistant E. coli isolates (17 batches from 12 different farms) obtained from cloacal swabs of broiler chicken in southern Brazil.	Ceftazidime	135-146	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
32196336-3	2020	Compounds 2-6 in combinations with ceftazidime and ampicillin were also efficient in restoring antibiotic efficacy in E. coli strains carrying class C (CMY-2 and DHA-1) and class A (TEM-1 and CTX-M-2) beta-lactamase enzymes, respectively.	Ceftazidime	35-46	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	182-187
32322504-0	2020	Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae intra-abdominal infection successfully treated with ceftazidime/avibactam plus tigecycline.	Ceftazidime	98-109	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	0-13
32322504-1	2020	Ceftazidime/avibactam combines ceftazidime with a new beta-lactam that successfully that inhibits Amber Class A and D carbapenemases.	Ceftazidime	0-11	carbapenemase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	104-132
32591006-7	2020	Metagenomic sequencing indicated raw milk possessed dramatically more ARGs than pasteurized milk, and a conjugation assay documented the active transfer of blaCMY-2, one ceftazidime resistance gene present in raw milk-borne E. coli, across bacterial species.	Ceftazidime	170-181	AmpC	Escherichia coli	156-164
32523491-12	2020	Our conclusions are that the administration of ceftazidime as an empirical antibiotic lowers CRP level, although not significantly, while there is no decrease in several inflammatory markers.	Ceftazidime	47-58	C-reactive protein	Homo sapiens	93-96
31954597-4	2020	82.4% of isolates of ESBL-positive, carbapenemase-negative Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, compared to 1.5%, 7.8%, 20.3%, 71.1%, 94.7%, and 98.7%, respectively, for ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, ertapenem, and meropenem.	Ceftazidime	219-230	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
31742604-7	2020	A total of 394 isolates were resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam and, of the 369 isolates that were screened, 98.4% were found to carry a gene encoding an MBL enzyme.	Ceftazidime	42-53	mannose-binding lectin family member 3, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	154-157
32015028-0	2020	Potency of Vaborbactam is Less Affected than Avibactam in Strains Producing KPC-2 Mutations that Confer Resistance to Ceftazidime-Avibactam.	Ceftazidime	118-129	KPC-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	76-81
32015028-4	2020	In this study we demonstrate that two substitutions in KPC-2, D179Y and L169P, reduce the ability of avibactam to enhance the activity of ceftazidime, cefepime or piperacillin against isogenic efflux deficient strains of P. aeruginosa, 8 to 32-fold and 4 to 16-fold for the D179Y and L169P variants, respectively, depending on antibiotic.	Ceftazidime	138-149	KPC-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	55-60
32015028-7	2020	In addition, D179Y and L169P variants hydrolyze ceftazidime with 10-fold and 4-fold higher efficiency, respectively, compared to wild-type KPC-2.	Ceftazidime	48-59	KPC-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	139-144
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	215-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	215-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	215-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	215-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	215-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	215-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	215-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	215-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	215-226	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	21-32	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	179-182
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	21-32	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	21-32	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
32063189-7	2020	Plasma cefazolin and ceftazidime levels increased substantially within the first few hours, peaked around 6-10 h, and sustained well above the target plasma concentrations (10 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 16 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) until 24 h. Dialysate cefazolin and ceftazidime levels were sustained above the target peritoneal concentrations (2 mg L-1 for cefazolin and 8 mg L-1 for ceftazidime) throughout the PD session except in some samples which the antibiotics levels were unusually low, probably from beta-lactamase activity.	Ceftazidime	21-32	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	207-210
31742604-8	2020	Among isolates that were identified as carbapenemase positive and MBL negative (n = 910), susceptibility was highest to ceftazidime/avibactam (99.8%).	Ceftazidime	120-131	mannose-binding lectin family member 3, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	66-69
31742604-9	2020	Susceptibility was also highest to ceftazidime/avibactam among isolates that were carbapenemase negative and MBL negative (94/98, 95.9%).	Ceftazidime	35-46	mannose-binding lectin family member 3, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	109-112
31365094-0	2019	Emergence of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in KPC-3-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in vivo.	Ceftazidime	13-24	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	49-54
31704216-0	2020	Successful treatment of septic shock due to NDM1-producing K. pneumoniae using ceftazidime-avibactam combined with aztreonam in solid organ transplant recipients: report of 2 cases.	Ceftazidime	79-90	NDM-1	Klebsiella pneumoniae	44-48
31992391-0	2020	Outbreak of KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae endowed with ceftazidime-avibactam resistance mediated through a VEB-1-mutant (VEB-25), Greece, September to October 2019.	Ceftazidime	63-74	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	12-17
31365094-2	2019	Herein, we present molecular and phenotypic characterization of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in KPC-3-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae that emerged in vivo and in vitro.	Ceftazidime	64-75	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	100-105
31365094-5	2019	RESULTS: The ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant clinical K. pneumoniae isolate revealed the amino acid change D179Y in KPC-3.	Ceftazidime	13-24	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	116-121
31365094-6	2019	Sixteen novel mutational changes in KPC-3 among in vitro-selected ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant isolates were described.	Ceftazidime	66-77	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	36-41
31127290-0	2019	Reduced ceftazidime and ertapenem susceptibility due to production of OXA-2 in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258.	Ceftazidime	8-19	OXA-2	Escherichia coli	70-75
31527021-2	2019	The most common variant is CTX-M-15 hydrolyzing ceftazidime at high rate, but sparing carbapenems.	Ceftazidime	48-59	extended spectrum beta-lactamase CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	27-35
31527032-0	2019	Phenotypic, biochemical and genetic analysis of KPC-41, a KPC-3 variant conferring resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam and exhibiting reduced carbapenemase activity.	Ceftazidime	97-108	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	58-63
31551966-0	2019	Ceftazidime/avibactam Improves the Antibacterial Efficacy of Polymyxin B Against Polymyxin B Heteroresistant KPC-2-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Hinders Emergence of Resistant Subpopulation in vitro.	Ceftazidime	0-11	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	109-114
31660887-11	2019	Among ESBL- producing strains, 85.7% were resistant for cefotaxime and ceftriaxone and 71.4% for ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	97-108	EsbL	Escherichia coli	6-10
31127290-3	2019	Here, we describe a KPC-2-encoding Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate that demonstrated reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime and ertapenem due to production of OXA-2.	Ceftazidime	109-120	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	20-25
31127290-3	2019	Here, we describe a KPC-2-encoding Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate that demonstrated reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime and ertapenem due to production of OXA-2.	Ceftazidime	109-120	OXA-2	Escherichia coli	156-161
31127290-4	2019	OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the role of OXA-2 production in reduced ceftazidime and ertapenem susceptibility in a K. pneumoniae ST258 clinical isolate.	Ceftazidime	65-76	OXA-2	Escherichia coli	37-42
31127290-15	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Production of OXA-2 was associated with reduced ceftazidime and ertapenem susceptibility in a K. pneumoniae ST258 isolate.	Ceftazidime	61-72	OXA-2	Escherichia coli	27-32
31127297-0	2019	Unravelling ceftazidime/avibactam resistance of KPC-28, a KPC-2 variant lacking carbapenemase activity.	Ceftazidime	12-23	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	48-53
31127297-5	2019	RESULTS: Susceptibility testing revealed that Escherichia coli producing KPC-28 displayed MICs that were lower for carbapenems and higher for ceftazidime and ceftazidime/avibactam as compared with KPC-2.	Ceftazidime	142-153	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	73-78
31127297-5	2019	RESULTS: Susceptibility testing revealed that Escherichia coli producing KPC-28 displayed MICs that were lower for carbapenems and higher for ceftazidime and ceftazidime/avibactam as compared with KPC-2.	Ceftazidime	158-169	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	73-78
31308713-0	2019	Molecular and phenotypical characterization of two cases of antibiotic-driven ceftazidime-avibactam resistance in bla KPC-3-harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Ceftazidime	78-89	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	118-123
31135647-0	2019	Use of Ceftazidime-avibactam for the Treatment of Extensively drug-resistant or Pan drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Neonates and Children &lt;5 Years of Age.	Ceftazidime	7-18	adenosine deaminase 2	Homo sapiens	80-83
31088601-1	2019	In December 2018, a ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI)-resistant KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain was isolated in Finland.	Ceftazidime	20-31	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	62-67
31225611-1	2019	OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of the recently launched beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.	Ceftazidime	112-123	EsbL	Escherichia coli	169-173
31225611-5	2019	RESULTS: We showed here an overall better activity of ceftazidime/avibactam compared with ceftolozane/tazobactam toward ESBL-producing E. coli and P. aeruginosa.	Ceftazidime	54-65	EsbL	Escherichia coli	120-124
31225611-10	2019	Excellent activity of ceftazidime/avibactam was highlighted for both ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa.	Ceftazidime	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	69-73
31225611-10	2019	Excellent activity of ceftazidime/avibactam was highlighted for both ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa.	Ceftazidime	22-33	EsbL	Escherichia coli	96-100
31130090-0	2019	In vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam against clinical isolates of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Italy.	Ceftazidime	21-32	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
31130090-3	2019	Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is a new combination of a third generation cephalosporin and a non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor, in which avibactam is capable to expand the ceftazidime activity also against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.	Ceftazidime	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	245-249
31579237-4	2019	ESBL detection was confirmed by minimal inhibitory concentration method using agar dilution technique for those who screened positive by ceftazidime (30 mug) disc.	Ceftazidime	137-148	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
31002313-1	2019	OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to determine the epidemiology of bloodstream infections (BSIs) by carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp) after the introduction of ceftazidime/avibactam in January 2018 among ICU patients.	Ceftazidime	170-181	phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 2 alpha	Homo sapiens	137-142
31002313-10	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Widespread ceftazidime/avibactam use may lead to a change in the palette of carbapenemases by replacing KPC with MBL-producing isolates.	Ceftazidime	24-35	mannose-binding lectin family member 3, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	126-129
30479755-19	2018	Conclusion: This study indicated ceftazidime-avibactam therapy occupied significant bactericidal effects against KPC-2 and OXA-232 carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.	Ceftazidime	33-44	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	113-118
30753505-10	2019	All isolates resistant to ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam (Greece, n = 10; and Italy, n = 2) carried blaVIM-2.	Ceftazidime	53-64	VIM-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	118-126
30753505-16	2019	blaVIM-2 is associated with resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam, and related to highly resistant phenotypes.	Ceftazidime	69-80	VIM-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	0-8
30753572-0	2019	Ceftazidime/avibactam resistance associated with L169P mutation in the omega loop of KPC-2.	Ceftazidime	0-11	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	85-90
30753572-1	2019	OBJECTIVES: Ceftazidime/avibactam resistance due to mutation in the omega loop of KPC-2 has been documented in vitro and in vivo.	Ceftazidime	12-23	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	82-87
30753572-2	2019	This study evaluated the mechanism of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in a KPC-2-expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a patient following ceftazidime/avibactam combination therapy with gentamicin for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia.	Ceftazidime	38-49	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	76-81
30753572-2	2019	This study evaluated the mechanism of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in a KPC-2-expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a patient following ceftazidime/avibactam combination therapy with gentamicin for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia.	Ceftazidime	149-160	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	76-81
30753572-4	2019	The KPC-2 gene was cloned from the ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant isolate and evaluated for susceptibility to ceftazidime/avibactam, in an Escherichia coli background.	Ceftazidime	35-46	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	4-9
30753572-4	2019	The KPC-2 gene was cloned from the ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant isolate and evaluated for susceptibility to ceftazidime/avibactam, in an Escherichia coli background.	Ceftazidime	111-122	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	4-9
30753572-5	2019	RESULTS: A single L169P mutation was identified in the KPC-2 gene between the ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant and -susceptible isolates.	Ceftazidime	78-89	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	55-60
30753572-6	2019	The novel KPC-2 allele, designated KPC-35, was shown to confer reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime/avibactam and increased susceptibility to carbapenems, as compared with KPC-2.	Ceftazidime	89-100	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	10-15
30753572-7	2019	CONCLUSIONS: A novel L169P mutation was identified in KPC-2 and was shown through cloning experiments to confer reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime/avibactam.	Ceftazidime	138-149	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	54-59
30617091-4	2019	Among the CRE, 50.8% (189/372 isolates) were positive for bla KPC-2, which mainly existed in ceftazidime-avibactam-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (92.1%, 174/189).	Ceftazidime	93-104	KPC-2 protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	58-67
30622934-6	2018	According to our in vitro susceptibility study based on growth curves, NADPH restored the antibacterial activity of ceftazidime against a ceftazidime-resistant Escherichia coli BER strain producing AmpC BER.	Ceftazidime	116-127	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	71-76
30622934-6	2018	According to our in vitro susceptibility study based on growth curves, NADPH restored the antibacterial activity of ceftazidime against a ceftazidime-resistant Escherichia coli BER strain producing AmpC BER.	Ceftazidime	138-149	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	71-76
30622934-7	2018	Remarkably, a single dose of combinatory treatment with NADPH and ceftazidime conferred marked therapeutic efficacy (100% survival rate) in a mouse model infected by the E. coli BER strain although NADPH or ceftazidime alone failed to prevent the lethal bacterial infection.	Ceftazidime	66-77	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	198-203
30622934-7	2018	Remarkably, a single dose of combinatory treatment with NADPH and ceftazidime conferred marked therapeutic efficacy (100% survival rate) in a mouse model infected by the E. coli BER strain although NADPH or ceftazidime alone failed to prevent the lethal bacterial infection.	Ceftazidime	207-218	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	56-61
30755518-6	2019	Treatment of THP-1 human macrophages infected with three different M. abscessus clinical isolates supported the in vitro findings, as the combination of 100 microg/ml ceftazidime and 0.125 microg/ml ceftaroline or 100 microg/ml ceftazidime and 0.25 microg/ml imipenem dramatically reduced the CFU counts to near baseline levels of infection.	Ceftazidime	167-178	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	13-18
30755518-9	2019	Our recent discoveries that dual beta-lactams, specifically the combination of ceftazidime with ceftaroline or ceftazidime with imipenem, have significant in vitro MIC values and kill curve activities and are effective against infected THP-1 human macrophages provide optimism for a dual beta-lactam treatment strategy against MABC infections.	Ceftazidime	79-90	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	236-241
30755518-9	2019	Our recent discoveries that dual beta-lactams, specifically the combination of ceftazidime with ceftaroline or ceftazidime with imipenem, have significant in vitro MIC values and kill curve activities and are effective against infected THP-1 human macrophages provide optimism for a dual beta-lactam treatment strategy against MABC infections.	Ceftazidime	111-122	GLI family zinc finger 2	Homo sapiens	236-241
31424008-0	2019	Will ceftazidime/avibactam plus aztreonam be effective for NDM and OXA-48-Like producing organisms: Lessons learnt from In vitro study.	Ceftazidime	5-16	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	67-73
31424008-2	2019	Newer Food and Drug Administration-approved antimicrobial ceftazidime/avibactam (C/A) has a potent activity against bla OXA-48-like producers.	Ceftazidime	58-69	TEM beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	116-119
31424008-2	2019	Newer Food and Drug Administration-approved antimicrobial ceftazidime/avibactam (C/A) has a potent activity against bla OXA-48-like producers.	Ceftazidime	58-69	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	120-126
30081137-0	2018	Loss of activity of ceftazidime-avibactam due to MexAB-OprM efflux and overproduction of AmpC cephalosporinase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients suffering from cystic fibrosis.	Ceftazidime	20-31	outer membrane protein OprM	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	55-59
30044946-1	2018	Ceftazidime/avibactam plus aztreonam (CZA+ATM) is an emerging option to combat carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) expressing resistance via multiple beta-lactamases within Ambler classes A, B, C, and D. The benefit of this combination is apparent when the pathogen-specific resistance genotype is characterized.	Ceftazidime	0-11	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	42-45
30081137-6	2018	The reduction of ceftazidime MIC in the presence of avibactam was partially lost for isolates with large efflux activity of MexAB-OprM and/or increased ampC expression, but not significantly with mexE expression or lack of OprD (non-parametric and parametric tests).	Ceftazidime	17-28	outer membrane protein OprM	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	130-134
30081137-3	2018	Using the laboratory strain PAO1 and derivatives thereof, with ampC expression induced by a sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of imipenem, a higher MIC of ceftazidime-avibactam was found for those overexpressing MexAB-OprM (quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of mexA) and, to a lesser extent, MexEF-OprN (PCR of mexE), or without OprD expression (SDS-Page and Coomassie blue staining).	Ceftazidime	164-175	outer membrane protein OprM	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	227-231
30081137-3	2018	Using the laboratory strain PAO1 and derivatives thereof, with ampC expression induced by a sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of imipenem, a higher MIC of ceftazidime-avibactam was found for those overexpressing MexAB-OprM (quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of mexA) and, to a lesser extent, MexEF-OprN (PCR of mexE), or without OprD expression (SDS-Page and Coomassie blue staining).	Ceftazidime	164-175	porin D	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	349-353
30081137-6	2018	The reduction of ceftazidime MIC in the presence of avibactam was partially lost for isolates with large efflux activity of MexAB-OprM and/or increased ampC expression, but not significantly with mexE expression or lack of OprD (non-parametric and parametric tests).	Ceftazidime	17-28	porin D	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	223-227
29991562-2	2018	Meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam (PIP/TZB) are recommended for the treatment of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP) caused by ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas and other resistant gram-negative bacteria.	Ceftazidime	145-156	prolactin induced protein	Homo sapiens	39-42
30010894-4	2018	Results: Ceftazidime/avibactam was the most active agent, compared with all other tested comparator agents, against the overall collection of Enterobacteriaceae isolates (99.4% susceptible) and against subsets of ceftazidime-non-susceptible (97.7% susceptible), colistin-resistant (98.2% susceptible), MDR (96.7% susceptible) and meropenem-non-susceptible, MBL-negative (98.5% susceptible) isolates.	Ceftazidime	9-20	mannose-binding lectin family member 3, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	357-360
29980462-3	2018	METHODS: At an urban public hospital in Northern California, microbiology staff prospectively reviewed ED urine culture results weekly for 1 year and presumptively identified ESBL-producing isolates by ceftriaxone plus ceftazidime resistance.	Ceftazidime	219-230	EsbL	Escherichia coli	175-179
30532496-12	2018	Antibiogram of these ESBL-positive isolates revealed the drugs such as colistin (100%), levofloxacin (83.33%), and imipenem (66.67%) to be highly sensitive against this pathogen but drugs such as cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (91.67%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (83.33%), tetracycline (75.00%), and gentamicin (58.33%) to be very much resistant.	Ceftazidime	215-226	EsbL	Escherichia coli	21-25
30258039-0	2018	Analyses of a Ceftazidime-Avibactam-Resistant Citrobacter freundii Isolate Carrying bla KPC-2 Reveals a Heterogenous Population and Reversible Genotype.	Ceftazidime	14-25	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	84-87
30258039-10	2018	The heterogenous population of wild-type and mutated bla KPC-2 and the reversibility of the genotypes observed suggest a significant challenge for managing KPC-producing isolates that develop ceftazidime-avibactam resistance during therapy.IMPORTANCE The development of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance among KPC-producing isolates during treatment with this agent has been reported.	Ceftazidime	270-281	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	57-62
30258039-0	2018	Analyses of a Ceftazidime-Avibactam-Resistant Citrobacter freundii Isolate Carrying bla KPC-2 Reveals a Heterogenous Population and Reversible Genotype.	Ceftazidime	14-25	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	88-93
30258039-11	2018	Usually isolates that become resistant have a mutated bla KPC gene that confers resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam and susceptibility to meropenem.	Ceftazidime	94-105	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	54-57
30258039-12	2018	We report a Citrobacter freundii isolate that developed ceftazidime-avibactam resistance due to mutations within the coding region of the bla KPC-2 Omega-loop previously reported; however, in this case, only 11% of the whole-genome sequencing reads had mutations, making this alteration difficult to detect and the treatment of these isolates more challenging.	Ceftazidime	56-67	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	138-141
30258039-1	2018	A bla KPC-2-carrying Citrobacter freundii isolate developed ceftazidime-avibactam resistance during treatment with this agent.	Ceftazidime	60-71	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	2-5
30258039-12	2018	We report a Citrobacter freundii isolate that developed ceftazidime-avibactam resistance due to mutations within the coding region of the bla KPC-2 Omega-loop previously reported; however, in this case, only 11% of the whole-genome sequencing reads had mutations, making this alteration difficult to detect and the treatment of these isolates more challenging.	Ceftazidime	56-67	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	142-147
30258039-1	2018	A bla KPC-2-carrying Citrobacter freundii isolate developed ceftazidime-avibactam resistance during treatment with this agent.	Ceftazidime	60-71	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	6-11
30258039-7	2018	Recombinant plasmids carrying the bla KPC-2 alterations observed were transformed in Escherichia coli, and MIC values for ceftazidime +- avibactam were elevated.	Ceftazidime	122-133	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	34-37
30258039-7	2018	Recombinant plasmids carrying the bla KPC-2 alterations observed were transformed in Escherichia coli, and MIC values for ceftazidime +- avibactam were elevated.	Ceftazidime	122-133	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	38-43
30258039-10	2018	The heterogenous population of wild-type and mutated bla KPC-2 and the reversibility of the genotypes observed suggest a significant challenge for managing KPC-producing isolates that develop ceftazidime-avibactam resistance during therapy.IMPORTANCE The development of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance among KPC-producing isolates during treatment with this agent has been reported.	Ceftazidime	192-203	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	57-62
29990693-8	2018	Furthermore, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1beta, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were decreased after CXCL8-IP10, dexamethasone or ceftazidime treatment.	Ceftazidime	132-143	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	103-108
29709981-0	2018	Plasmid-Mediated AmpC beta-Lactamase and Underestimation of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase in Cefepime-Susceptible Elevated-Ceftazidime-MIC Enterobacteriaceae Isolates.	Ceftazidime	126-137	EsbL	Escherichia coli	60-92
30053579-8	2018	Resistance to ceftazidime could be attributed to AmpC cephalosporinase encoded by blaADC-25, and to blaNDM-1 on plasmids.	Ceftazidime	14-25	beta-lactamase NDM-1	Acinetobacter baumannii	100-108
29941650-0	2018	Combination of Amino Acid Substitutions Leading to CTX-M-15-Mediated Resistance to the Ceftazidime-Avibactam Combination.	Ceftazidime	87-98	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	51-59
29941650-9	2018	Resistance to the drug combination (MIC of ceftazidime, 16 mug/ml in the presence of 4 mug/ml of avibactam) resulted from the acquisition of the S130G substitution by CTX-M-15 L169Q.	Ceftazidime	43-54	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	167-175
29941650-10	2018	Purified CTX-M-15 with the two substitutions, L169Q and S130G, was only partially inhibited by avibactam at concentrations as high as 50,000 muM but retained ceftazidime hydrolysis activity with partially compensatory decreases in kcat and Km These results indicate that emergence of resistance to the ceftazidime-avibactam combination requires more than one mutation in most CTX-M-encoding genes.	Ceftazidime	158-169	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	9-17
29941650-10	2018	Purified CTX-M-15 with the two substitutions, L169Q and S130G, was only partially inhibited by avibactam at concentrations as high as 50,000 muM but retained ceftazidime hydrolysis activity with partially compensatory decreases in kcat and Km These results indicate that emergence of resistance to the ceftazidime-avibactam combination requires more than one mutation in most CTX-M-encoding genes.	Ceftazidime	302-313	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	9-17
29263067-0	2018	Successive Emergence of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Resistance through Distinct Genomic Adaptations in blaKPC-2-Harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 307 Isolates.	Ceftazidime	24-35	KPC-2 protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	97-105
30087569-7	2018	The transpositions resulted in novel larger blaCMY-2-harboring ColE1-like plasmids with size of 14,845 bp, enabling increase in MICs of 2 to 8-fold for cefotaxime, ceftiofur, and ceftazidime in recipient strains over their respective original counterparts.	Ceftazidime	179-190	AmpC	Escherichia coli	44-52
29682477-5	2018	The isolates of ESBL were confirmed by ceftazidime/clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid method.	Ceftazidime	39-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	16-20
29272413-0	2018	Clinical outcomes after combination treatment with ceftazidime/avibactam and aztreonam for NDM-1/OXA-48/CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infection.	Ceftazidime	51-62	NDM-1	Klebsiella pneumoniae	91-103
29535301-1	2018	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) strains are emerging around the world as a source of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	197-208	EsbL	Escherichia coli	61-65
29191131-0	2018	Efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam in a rat intra-abdominal abscess model against a ceftazidime- and meropenem-resistant isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying blaKPC-2.	Ceftazidime	12-23	KPC-2 protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	162-170
29255163-6	2017	Interestingly, this work also allowed the identification of potent KPC-2 and NDM-1 inhibitors able to potentiate the activity of cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftazidime (CAZ) against resistant clinical isolates (MIC reduction, 32-fold).	Ceftazidime	150-161	UBA domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
29527530-4	2018	Oxyimino-cephalosporins, such as cefotaxime and ceftazidime, however, are poor substrates for TEM-1 and were introduced, in part, to circumvent beta-lactamase-mediated resistance.	Ceftazidime	48-59	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	94-99
29255163-6	2017	Interestingly, this work also allowed the identification of potent KPC-2 and NDM-1 inhibitors able to potentiate the activity of cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftazidime (CAZ) against resistant clinical isolates (MIC reduction, 32-fold).	Ceftazidime	163-166	UBA domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
29021086-0	2017	Genomic characterization of an extensively drug-resistant KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST855 (CC258) only susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam isolated in Brazil.	Ceftazidime	130-141	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	58-63
28693993-0	2017	Probing the interaction of cephalosporin antibiotic-ceftazidime with human serum albumin: A biophysical investigation.	Ceftazidime	52-63	albumin	Homo sapiens	75-88
28693993-3	2017	In the present study, we have explored the mechanism of interaction between cephalosporin antibiotic-ceftazidime (CFD) and human serum albumin (HSA) by spectroscopic and molecular docking studies.	Ceftazidime	101-112	albumin	Homo sapiens	129-142
28961715-7	2017	Against a K. pneumoniae strain with blaOXA-48, ceftazidime had a lower MIC (0.5 mg/L) than cefotaxime (2 mg/L).	Ceftazidime	47-58	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	36-45
28925926-4	2017	RESULTS: After tap-and-inject treatment of endophthalmitis with ceftazidime, vancomycin, and dexamethasone, the patient returned for follow-up with visual improvement and resolution of the subretinal fluid.	Ceftazidime	64-75	nuclear RNA export factor 1	Homo sapiens	15-18
28739787-2	2017	Recently, reports have emerged of KPC-producing isolates resistant to this antibiotic, including a report of a wild-type KPC-3 producing sequence type 258 Klebsiella pneumoniae that was resistant to ceftazidime-avibactam.	Ceftazidime	199-210	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	121-126
28739787-5	2017	In addition, we demonstrate that the increased expression of blaKPC-3 and blaSHV-12 observed in the ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant isolate was due to transposition of the Tn4401 transposon harboring blaKPC-3 into a second plasmid, pIncX3, which also harbored blaSHV-12, ultimately resulting in a higher copy number of blaKPC-3 in the resistant isolate.	Ceftazidime	100-111	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	61-69
28739787-5	2017	In addition, we demonstrate that the increased expression of blaKPC-3 and blaSHV-12 observed in the ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant isolate was due to transposition of the Tn4401 transposon harboring blaKPC-3 into a second plasmid, pIncX3, which also harbored blaSHV-12, ultimately resulting in a higher copy number of blaKPC-3 in the resistant isolate.	Ceftazidime	100-111	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	200-208
28739787-5	2017	In addition, we demonstrate that the increased expression of blaKPC-3 and blaSHV-12 observed in the ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant isolate was due to transposition of the Tn4401 transposon harboring blaKPC-3 into a second plasmid, pIncX3, which also harbored blaSHV-12, ultimately resulting in a higher copy number of blaKPC-3 in the resistant isolate.	Ceftazidime	100-111	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	200-208
28927454-6	2017	Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was detected by combined disc method using ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid discs and cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs.	Ceftazidime	87-98	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
28927454-6	2017	Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production was detected by combined disc method using ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid discs and cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs.	Ceftazidime	103-114	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-32
28696058-12	2017	Ceftazidime reduced Renin expression by 1.7-fold (p &lt; 0.01).	Ceftazidime	0-11	renin	Rattus norvegicus	20-25
28696058-13	2017	CONCLUSION: Our experiments showed that gentamicin at clinical levels did not disturb kidney development, ceftazidime can affect Renin expression, and extrauterine growth restriction impairs kidney development, but did not modulate potential drug toxicity.	Ceftazidime	106-117	renin	Rattus norvegicus	129-134
28637339-2	2017	We here report on the emergence of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in clinical, multiresistant, OXA-48 and CTX-M-14-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate DT12 during ceftazidime/avibactam treatment.	Ceftazidime	35-46	beta-lactamase CTX-M-14	Klebsiella pneumoniae	108-116
28637339-2	2017	We here report on the emergence of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in clinical, multiresistant, OXA-48 and CTX-M-14-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate DT12 during ceftazidime/avibactam treatment.	Ceftazidime	169-180	beta-lactamase CTX-M-14	Klebsiella pneumoniae	108-116
28637339-4	2017	Compared with WT CTX-M-14, expression of the CTX-M-14Delta170Delta264 isoform in Escherichia coli led to a &gt;64- and 16-fold increase in ceftazidime and ceftazidime/avibactam MICs, respectively, functionally linking the observed SNPs and elevated MICs.	Ceftazidime	139-150	CTX-M-14	Escherichia coli	17-25
28637339-5	2017	The mutated CTX-M-14 isoform exhibited augmented ceftazidime hydrolytic activity, which was a reasonable cause for impaired susceptibility to avibactam inhibition.	Ceftazidime	49-60	beta-lactamase CTX-M-14	Klebsiella pneumoniae	12-20
28637339-6	2017	The P170S exchange in CTX-M-14 was found in association with elevated ceftazidime/avibactam MICs for independent K. pneumoniae isolates, but was not sufficient for full resistance.	Ceftazidime	70-81	beta-lactamase CTX-M-14	Klebsiella pneumoniae	22-30
28637339-9	2017	Despite sustained inhibition of OXA-48, rapid development of CTX-M-14 isoforms exhibiting augmented ceftazidime hydrolytic activity may limit the usefulness of ceftazidime/avibactam monotherapies in infections caused by isolates carrying blaCTX-M-14 and blaOXA-48.	Ceftazidime	100-111	beta-lactamase CTX-M-14	Klebsiella pneumoniae	61-69
28637339-9	2017	Despite sustained inhibition of OXA-48, rapid development of CTX-M-14 isoforms exhibiting augmented ceftazidime hydrolytic activity may limit the usefulness of ceftazidime/avibactam monotherapies in infections caused by isolates carrying blaCTX-M-14 and blaOXA-48.	Ceftazidime	100-111	CTX-M-14	Klebsiella pneumoniae	238-249
28637339-9	2017	Despite sustained inhibition of OXA-48, rapid development of CTX-M-14 isoforms exhibiting augmented ceftazidime hydrolytic activity may limit the usefulness of ceftazidime/avibactam monotherapies in infections caused by isolates carrying blaCTX-M-14 and blaOXA-48.	Ceftazidime	100-111	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	254-263
28637339-9	2017	Despite sustained inhibition of OXA-48, rapid development of CTX-M-14 isoforms exhibiting augmented ceftazidime hydrolytic activity may limit the usefulness of ceftazidime/avibactam monotherapies in infections caused by isolates carrying blaCTX-M-14 and blaOXA-48.	Ceftazidime	160-171	beta-lactamase CTX-M-14	Klebsiella pneumoniae	61-69
28804585-10	2017	There was a correlation (p &lt; 0.001) between expression of CTX-M-15 and resistance to ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	88-99	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	61-69
28630202-9	2017	The presence of variant KPC-3 was associated with ceftazidime-avibactam resistance (P &lt; 0.0001).	Ceftazidime	50-61	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	24-29
28685153-1	2017	We used meropenem to successfully treat a patient with bacteremia due to ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant, meropenem- susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae that carried mutant blaKPC-3.	Ceftazidime	73-84	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	171-179
28461318-0	2017	Impaired Inhibition by Avibactam and Resistance to the Ceftazidime-Avibactam Combination Due to the D179Y Substitution in the KPC-2 beta-Lactamase.	Ceftazidime	55-66	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	132-146
28242667-0	2017	In Vitro Selection of Meropenem Resistance among Ceftazidime-Avibactam-Resistant, Meropenem-Susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates with Variant KPC-3 Carbapenemases.	Ceftazidime	49-60	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	148-153
28223379-0	2017	Mutations in blaKPC-3 That Confer Ceftazidime-Avibactam Resistance Encode Novel KPC-3 Variants That Function as Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamases.	Ceftazidime	34-45	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	13-21
28223379-1	2017	We identified four blaKPC-3 mutations in ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, corresponding to D179Y, T243M, D179Y/T243M, and EL165-166 KPC-3 variants.	Ceftazidime	41-52	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	19-27
28242667-1	2017	Ceftazidime-avibactam resistance is mediated by blaKPC-3 mutations, which restore carbapenem susceptibility.	Ceftazidime	0-11	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	48-56
28223379-2	2017	Using site-directed mutagenesis and transforming vectors into Escherichia coli, we conclusively demonstrated that mutant blaKPC-3 encoded enzymes that functioned as extended-spectrum beta-lactamases; mutations directly conferred higher MICs of ceftazidime-avibactam and decreased the MICs of carbapenems and other beta-lactams.	Ceftazidime	244-255	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	121-129
28031201-0	2017	Emergence of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Resistance Due to Plasmid-Borne blaKPC-3 Mutations during Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections.	Ceftazidime	13-24	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	67-75
28031201-11	2017	In conclusion, the development of resistance-conferring blaKPC-3 mutations in K. pneumoniae within 10 to 19 days of ceftazidime-avibactam exposure is troubling, but clinical impact may be ameliorated if carbapenem susceptibility is restored in certain isolates.	Ceftazidime	116-127	beta-lactamase KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	56-64
28069651-6	2017	The hydrolysis of amoxicillin and nitrocefin by KPC-2 and CTX-M-15 was moderately affected by the substitution N132G, but that of ceftazidime, ceftaroline, and aztreonam was drastically reduced.	Ceftazidime	130-141	UBA domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	48-53
27624957-0	2016	Editorial Commentary: Ceftazidime-Avibactam and Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: "We"re Gonna Need a Bigger Boat".	Ceftazidime	22-33	ataxin 1 like	Homo sapiens	116-121
27889371-5	2017	Analysis of blaSHV open-reading frame showed that blaSHV-5 had a high hydrolysis activity to the broad-spectrum penicillin (ampicillin or piperacillin), ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and aztreonam.	Ceftazidime	153-164	BlaSHV-5	Escherichia coli	50-58
28812563-3	2016	The plasmid accelerated resistance evolution by increasing the rate of appearance of novel TEM-1 mutations, thereby conferring resistance to ceftazidime, and then by amplifying the effect of TEM-1 mutations due to the increased gene dosage.	Ceftazidime	141-152	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	91-96
27584588-5	2016	Ceftazidime-avibactam may be an effective therapeutic agent for infections caused by carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinase-48 and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, but not for New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase producers.	Ceftazidime	0-11	NDM-1	Klebsiella pneumoniae	206-238
27488224-12	2016	CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of our study, we recommend to use ceftazidime/clavulanate combination for phenotypic confirmation of ESBL producers.	Ceftazidime	68-80	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
25442872-12	2016	Administration of fosfomycin plus amikacin or ceftazidime was an effective therapeutic and preventive strategy in children with VUR and recurrent relapsing UTI.	Ceftazidime	46-57	VUR	Homo sapiens	128-131
27392786-3	2016	The ESBL phenotype was determined with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute confirmatory broth microdilution test using cefotaxime and ceftazidime with and without clavulanate.	Ceftazidime	146-157	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
26920105-6	2016	Among VABP isolates, MIC90 values for ceftazidime/avibactam against E. coli were 0.25mg/L; for Klebsiella spp.	Ceftazidime	38-49	potassium voltage-gated channel interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
27396948-0	2016	Combination treatment with extended-infusion ceftazidime/avibactam for a KPC-3-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia in a kidney and pancreas transplant patient.	Ceftazidime	45-56	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	73-78
27221329-4	2016	One substantial PLIE was found: a value of 1 9 h for ceftazidime-avibactam against Klebsiella pneumoniae (blaKPC-2 ).	Ceftazidime	53-64	KPC-2 protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	106-114
27216075-1	2016	Hospitals, 2012 to 2014: Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Tested against beta-Lactamase-Producing Isolates.	Ceftazidime	37-48	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	74-88
27216075-9	2016	Ceftazidime-avibactam, a recently approved beta-lactamase inhibitor combination, was very active against the ESBL phenotype isolates (MIC50/90, 0.12 and 1 mug/ml; 99.7% susceptible) and CRE strains (MIC50/90, 0.5 and 2 mug/ml; 98.5% susceptible) that displayed elevated MIC values for many comparator agents.	Ceftazidime	0-11	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	43-57
26920105-10	2016	However, ceftazidime/avibactam inhibited 79.2-95.4% of VABP isolates at an MIC of &lt;=8mg/L.	Ceftazidime	9-20	potassium voltage-gated channel interacting protein 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
26920105-13	2016	Ceftazidime/avibactam was generally active against a high proportion of isolates resistant to ceftazidime from PHP and VAPB patients.	Ceftazidime	0-11	VAMP associated protein B and C	Homo sapiens	119-123
26920105-13	2016	Ceftazidime/avibactam was generally active against a high proportion of isolates resistant to ceftazidime from PHP and VAPB patients.	Ceftazidime	94-105	VAMP associated protein B and C	Homo sapiens	119-123
26424290-10	2015	In contrast, QGYD and combination QGYD and ceftazidime treatment restored the elevated serum IL-1beta and Th1/Th2 levels to normal (P&gt;0.05).	Ceftazidime	43-54	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	93-101
26666933-0	2015	Role of the Outer Membrane and Porins in Susceptibility of beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae to Ceftazidime-Avibactam.	Ceftazidime	106-117	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	59-73
26419415-0	2016	Increased resistance rate to ceftazidime among blood culture isolates of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in a university-affiliated hospital of China.	Ceftazidime	29-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	73-77
26709835-7	2015	However, only ceftazidime showed significant, dose dependent improvement in key metabolic variables including glucose, insulin, protein tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1).	Ceftazidime	14-25	glucagon	Mus musculus	189-194
25915520-6	2015	VIM-24 (R228L) confers enhanced resistance to cephems and increases the rate of turnover compared to that of VIM-2 (kcat/KM increased by 6- and 10-fold for ceftazidime and cefepime, respectively).	Ceftazidime	156-167	VIM-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	0-5
26195508-0	2015	First Report of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Resistance in a KPC-3-Expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate.	Ceftazidime	16-27	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	54-59
26169413-10	2015	Median ceftazidime-avibactam MICs were higher against KPC-3 than KPC-2 variants (P = 0.02).	Ceftazidime	7-18	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	54-59
26169413-10	2015	Median ceftazidime-avibactam MICs were higher against KPC-3 than KPC-2 variants (P = 0.02).	Ceftazidime	7-18	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	65-70
26100712-0	2015	In vitro selection of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance in Enterobacteriaceae with KPC-3 carbapenemase.	Ceftazidime	22-33	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	82-87
26071519-1	2015	OBJECTIVES: Spurred by the latest EUCAST and CLSI recommendation to adjust antibiotic therapy on the basis of MICs instead of resistance mechanisms, we aimed to investigate the ability of CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-14 to achieve ceftazidime resistance under selective conditions.	Ceftazidime	220-231	CTX-M-1	Escherichia coli	188-208
26071519-4	2015	RESULTS: The CTX-M-1- and CTX-M-14-bearing clones switched from ceftazidime-susceptible to ceftazidime-resistant phenotypes under selective conditions within 24 h. However, no mutations within the bla CTX-M genes were found, and the efflux was unlikely to be involved in the increased ceftazidime MICs.	Ceftazidime	64-75	CTX-M-14	Escherichia coli	26-34
26071519-4	2015	RESULTS: The CTX-M-1- and CTX-M-14-bearing clones switched from ceftazidime-susceptible to ceftazidime-resistant phenotypes under selective conditions within 24 h. However, no mutations within the bla CTX-M genes were found, and the efflux was unlikely to be involved in the increased ceftazidime MICs.	Ceftazidime	91-102	CTX-M-14	Escherichia coli	26-34
26071519-4	2015	RESULTS: The CTX-M-1- and CTX-M-14-bearing clones switched from ceftazidime-susceptible to ceftazidime-resistant phenotypes under selective conditions within 24 h. However, no mutations within the bla CTX-M genes were found, and the efflux was unlikely to be involved in the increased ceftazidime MICs.	Ceftazidime	91-102	CTX-M-14	Escherichia coli	26-34
25957381-3	2015	Two KPC-2 beta-lactamase variants that possessed elevated MICs of ceftazidime/avibactam were selected for further biochemical analyses.	Ceftazidime	66-77	KPC-2 beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	4-24
25957381-5	2015	In contrast, several of the Arg164 and Asp179 variants of KPC-2 demonstrated MICs of ceftazidime/avibactam &gt;8 mg/L.	Ceftazidime	85-96	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	58-63
25957381-6	2015	beta-Lactamase kinetics showed that the Asp179Asn variant of KPC-2 demonstrated enhanced kinetic properties against ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	116-127	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	61-66
25957381-8	2015	CONCLUSIONS: Several KPC-2 variants demonstrating ceftazidime resistance as a result of single amino acid substitutions in the Omega-loop were not susceptible to ceftazidime/avibactam (MICs &gt;8 mg/L).	Ceftazidime	50-61	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	21-26
25957381-10	2015	As ceftazidime/avibactam is introduced into the clinic, monitoring for new KPC-2 variants that may exhibit increased ceftazidime kinetics as well as resistance to this novel antibiotic combination will be important.	Ceftazidime	3-14	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	75-80
25957381-10	2015	As ceftazidime/avibactam is introduced into the clinic, monitoring for new KPC-2 variants that may exhibit increased ceftazidime kinetics as well as resistance to this novel antibiotic combination will be important.	Ceftazidime	117-128	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	75-80
25662788-6	2015	One of three tazobactam/piperacillin-resistant strains with less susceptibility to ceftazidime overexpressed both blaCTX-M-15 and blaTEM-1, and the other two strains showed higher mRNA expression of either blaTEM-1 or blaOXA-1.	Ceftazidime	83-94	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	114-125
25662788-6	2015	One of three tazobactam/piperacillin-resistant strains with less susceptibility to ceftazidime overexpressed both blaCTX-M-15 and blaTEM-1, and the other two strains showed higher mRNA expression of either blaTEM-1 or blaOXA-1.	Ceftazidime	83-94	class D beta-lactamase OXA-1	Escherichia coli	218-226
25263503-9	2014	In the mouse study, although the rab-a-HMGB1 by itself could not improve the survival outcome of B. pseudomallei-infected mice, it could nevertheless enhance the effectiveness of suboptimal doses of ceftazidime in the treatment of these animals.	Ceftazidime	199-210	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	39-44
25167203-10	2014	CONCLUSION: Ceftazidime, but not gentamicin or meropenem reduced ureteric branching in mice and suggest a role for Fgf8 and Gdnf in its mechanism.	Ceftazidime	12-23	fibroblast growth factor 8	Mus musculus	115-119
25167203-10	2014	CONCLUSION: Ceftazidime, but not gentamicin or meropenem reduced ureteric branching in mice and suggest a role for Fgf8 and Gdnf in its mechanism.	Ceftazidime	12-23	glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	124-128
25713062-5	2015	Ceftazidime contains a large, bulky side chain that does not fit optimally in the wild-type TEM-1 active site.	Ceftazidime	0-11	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	92-97
25793625-10	2015	The most important observation was the restoration of susceptibility of P. aeruginosa WUM226 to cefepime (MIC decrease from 32 to 4 mg/L) and ceftazidime (MIC decrease from 128 to 4 mg/L) in the presence of PAbetaN, which occurred despite an almost complete lack of beta-lactamase leakage from bacterial cells.	Ceftazidime	142-153	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	266-280
24342639-3	2014	Avibactam potentiated the activity of ceftazidime against organisms with combinations of ESBLs, AmpCs, and KPC-2.	Ceftazidime	38-49	KPC-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	107-112
24690213-9	2014	In the high-inoculum tests including isolates encoding CTX-M-14, ceftazidime was dramatically affected, with susceptibility decreasing from 82.1% of isolates inhibited at 4 mug/mL in the standard-inoculum tests to 0% at high inoculum.	Ceftazidime	65-76	CTX-M-14	Escherichia coli	55-63
24385326-8	2014	RESULTS: Ceftazidime and cephazolin in both types of PD solution retained more than 90% of their initial concentration for 168 and 336 hours respectively when stored at 4 C. Both of the antibiotics lost more than 10% of the initial concentration after 24 hours of storage at 25 or 37 C.	Ceftazidime	9-20	olfactory receptor family 13 subfamily C member 7 (gene/pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	278-285
24379200-0	2014	Efficacy of humanized carbapenem and ceftazidime regimens against Enterobacteriaceae producing OXA-48 carbapenemase in a murine infection model.	Ceftazidime	37-48	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	95-101
24792837-13	2014	Production of IMP-6 and VIM-2 MBLs is the main mechanisms in acquiring resistance to ceftazidime and carbapenems in P. aeruginosa isolates in Korea.	Ceftazidime	85-96	VIM-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	24-29
24379195-4	2014	The wild-type strain was susceptible to all of the agents, while the isogenic NDM-1-producing strain was resistant to ceftazidime, doripenem, and ertapenem.	Ceftazidime	118-129	NDM-1	Klebsiella pneumoniae	78-83
24379200-2	2014	Efficacy has been demonstrated in vivo with ceftazidime against a ceftazidime-susceptible OXA-48 isolate but not with imipenem despite maintaining susceptibility.	Ceftazidime	44-55	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	90-96
24379200-2	2014	Efficacy has been demonstrated in vivo with ceftazidime against a ceftazidime-susceptible OXA-48 isolate but not with imipenem despite maintaining susceptibility.	Ceftazidime	66-77	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	90-96
24379200-7	2014	Consistent with low MICs, ceftazidime and levofloxacin exhibited efficacy against the isogenic OXA-48 strain, whereas doripenem did not, despite having a susceptible MIC; no activity was observed with ertapenem, consistent with a resistant MIC.	Ceftazidime	26-37	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	95-101
25500673-8	2014	More of the ESBL-positive isolates showed higher resistance to cefotaxime than to ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	82-93	EsbL	Escherichia coli	12-16
24379200-9	2014	Ceftazidime, levofloxacin, and ertapenem efficacy against isogenic and clinical OXA-48-producing strains correlated well with phenotypic profiles and pharmacodynamic targets, whereas efficacy with doripenem was variable over the MIC range studied.	Ceftazidime	0-11	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	80-86
24696553-12	2014	All ESBL producers demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentration levels &gt;=2 mug/ml towards cefotaxime, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone.	Ceftazidime	106-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
24353573-3	2013	METHODOLOGY: Among 173 E. coli isolates, 82 were phenotypically detected as ESBL producers by standard cefotaxime / clavulanic acid and ceftazidime / clavulanic acid disc diffusion tests.	Ceftazidime	136-147	EsbL	Escherichia coli	76-80
24274894-9	2013	On initial screening with ceftriaxone (30 mug) disc showing resistance was then confirmed for ESBL production by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) using ceftazidime (30 ug) and ceftazidime + clavulanic acid (30 mug + 10ug) disc as per guidelines of CLSI (2011).	Ceftazidime	171-182	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
24274894-9	2013	On initial screening with ceftriaxone (30 mug) disc showing resistance was then confirmed for ESBL production by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT) using ceftazidime (30 ug) and ceftazidime + clavulanic acid (30 mug + 10ug) disc as per guidelines of CLSI (2011).	Ceftazidime	195-206	EsbL	Escherichia coli	94-98
24502096-10	2013	All ESBL isolates were susceptible to imipenem and resistant to ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime.	Ceftazidime	113-124	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
23671215-10	2013	CONCLUSIONS: A substantial portion of ESBL-producing isolates were susceptible to cefepime and ceftazidime by using the CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints.	Ceftazidime	95-106	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
23330672-3	2013	Here, we demonstrate that the amplified IS26-bla(SHV-5) units were arranged in tandems, containing up to more than 10 units, which could raise ceftazidime MICs for host strains from 4 mug mL(-1) to more than 128 mug mL(-1).	Ceftazidime	143-154	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	45-48
23529866-18	2013	Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefixime and cefepime have been studied in children and are all able to adequately penetrate the CSF.	Ceftazidime	25-36	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	135-138
23371303-17	2013	Potential future roles for ceftazidime-avibactam include the treatment of suspected or documented infections caused by resistant Gram-negative-bacilli producing extended-spectrum ss-lactamase (ESBL), Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs) and/or AmpC ss-lactamases.	Ceftazidime	27-38	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	251-255
23089750-3	2013	The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of beta-lactamase in the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of ceftazidime and imipenem on P. aeruginosa biofilms.	Ceftazidime	130-141	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	57-71
23089750-7	2013	Time-dependent killing of ceftazidime was observed in PAO1 biofilms, but concentration-dependent killing activity of ceftazidime was observed for beta-lactamase-overproducing biofilms of P. aeruginosa in all three models.	Ceftazidime	117-128	beta-lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	146-160
23089750-13	2013	The inoculum effect of ceftazidime for the beta-lactamase-overproducing mutant PADeltaDDh2Dh3 biofilms was more obvious than for PAO1 biofilms, with a requirement of higher antibiotic concentration and a longer period of treatment.	Ceftazidime	23-34	beta-lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	43-57
22938665-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of rosiglitazone (RSG) and ceftazidime (CAZ) on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) activity in nucleated cells and interleukin (IL-4, IL-6) levels in plasma in septic rats.	Ceftazidime	61-72	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	82-130
23413710-4	2012	Nearly all isolates non-susceptible to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and cefepime produced ESBL; the presence of CTX-M genes in the isolates correlated with a ceftriaxone non-susceptible phenotype.	Ceftazidime	52-63	EsbL	Escherichia coli	86-90
23332427-15	2013	(n=41), MRSA (n=49) and cefotaxime- or ceftazidime-resistant Enterbacteriaceae (n=25), were isolated from 13% of patients with CAP and 23% of patients with HCAP.	Ceftazidime	39-50	structural maintenance of chromosomes 3	Homo sapiens	156-160
22843686-0	2012	Exploring the role of a conserved class A residue in the Omega-Loop of KPC-2 beta-lactamase: a mechanism for ceftazidime hydrolysis.	Ceftazidime	109-120	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	71-76
22843686-4	2012	When compared with wild type, 11 of 19 variants at position Arg-164 in KPC-2 conferred increased resistance to the oxyimino-cephalosporin, ceftazidime (minimum inhibitory concentration; 32 128 mg/liter) when expressed in Escherichia coli.	Ceftazidime	139-150	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	71-76
22843686-5	2012	Using the R164S variant of KPC-2 as a representative beta-lactamase for more detailed analysis, we observed only a modest 25% increase in k(cat)/K(m) for ceftazidime (0.015 0.019 mum(-1) s(-1)).	Ceftazidime	154-165	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	27-32
22843686-6	2012	Employing pre-steady-state kinetics and mass spectrometry, we determined that acylation is rate-limiting for ceftazidime hydrolysis by KPC-2, whereas deacylation is rate-limiting in the R164S variant, leading to accumulation of acyl-enzyme at steady-state.	Ceftazidime	109-120	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	135-140
22843686-7	2012	CD spectroscopy revealed that a conformational change occurred in the turnover of ceftazidime by KPC-2, but not the R164S variant, providing evidence for a different form of the enzyme at steady state.	Ceftazidime	82-93	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	97-102
22843686-9	2012	We propose that the R164S substitution in KPC-2 enhances ceftazidime resistance by proceeding through "covalent trapping" of the substrate by a deacylation impaired enzyme with a lower K(m).	Ceftazidime	57-68	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	42-47
22938665-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of rosiglitazone (RSG) and ceftazidime (CAZ) on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) activity in nucleated cells and interleukin (IL-4, IL-6) levels in plasma in septic rats.	Ceftazidime	61-72	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	132-141
22938665-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of rosiglitazone (RSG) and ceftazidime (CAZ) on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) activity in nucleated cells and interleukin (IL-4, IL-6) levels in plasma in septic rats.	Ceftazidime	74-77	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	82-130
22938665-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of rosiglitazone (RSG) and ceftazidime (CAZ) on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) activity in nucleated cells and interleukin (IL-4, IL-6) levels in plasma in septic rats.	Ceftazidime	74-77	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	132-141
22938665-8	2012	PPARgamma activity was significantly higher in CAZ group, RSG group and CAZ + RSG group than in sepsis group (0.282+-0.008, 0.336+-0.020, 0.347+-0.007 vs. 0.263+-0.017, all P&lt;0.05), CAZ + RSG group&gt;RSG group &gt;CAZ group (both P&lt;0.05).	Ceftazidime	47-50	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
22938665-8	2012	PPARgamma activity was significantly higher in CAZ group, RSG group and CAZ + RSG group than in sepsis group (0.282+-0.008, 0.336+-0.020, 0.347+-0.007 vs. 0.263+-0.017, all P&lt;0.05), CAZ + RSG group&gt;RSG group &gt;CAZ group (both P&lt;0.05).	Ceftazidime	72-77	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
22938665-8	2012	PPARgamma activity was significantly higher in CAZ group, RSG group and CAZ + RSG group than in sepsis group (0.282+-0.008, 0.336+-0.020, 0.347+-0.007 vs. 0.263+-0.017, all P&lt;0.05), CAZ + RSG group&gt;RSG group &gt;CAZ group (both P&lt;0.05).	Ceftazidime	72-75	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
22041508-8	2012	In conclusion, combinations of imipenem, cefepime and ceftazidime with avibactam may present a promising therapeutic strategy to treat infections due to K. pneumoniae with OXA-48 enzyme as well as K. pneumoniae and E. coli with CTX-M-15 enzyme.	Ceftazidime	54-65	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	172-178
22330912-4	2012	Therefore, ceftazidime may be recommended for the treatment of infections due to OXA-48 producers if they do not coproduce an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase or a plasmid-mediated AmpC cephalosporinase.	Ceftazidime	11-22	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	81-87
22826985-4	2012	ESBL phenotypic confirmatory test with ceftazidime, CTX and cefotaxime was performed for all urine isolates by disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates.	Ceftazidime	39-50	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
22719259-6	2012	This insertion creates the fused protein GCUF1-OXA-28 and modulates the transcription, the translation, and the secretion of the beta-lactamase in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate (S-Pae) susceptible to the third generation cephalosporin ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	238-249	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	129-143
22719259-8	2012	This resulted in the rearrangement of the integron gene cassette array, through excision of the gcuF1 cassette, and the full expression the beta-lactamase in an isolate (R-Pae) highly resistant to ceftazidime, which further spread to other patients within our hospital.	Ceftazidime	197-208	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	140-154
21382411-9	2011	Using M100-S20 criteria, 19% of ESBL-producing E. coli and 9% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to ceftazidime; 5% and 10% were susceptible to cefepime, respectively.	Ceftazidime	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	32-36
21645522-5	2011	Comparison with VIM-2 and VIM-4 structures suggests an explanation for the reduced catalytic efficiency of VIM-7 against cephalosporins with a positively charged cyclic substituent at the C3 position (e.g., ceftazidime).	Ceftazidime	207-218	vimentin	Homo sapiens	16-19
21645522-5	2011	Comparison with VIM-2 and VIM-4 structures suggests an explanation for the reduced catalytic efficiency of VIM-7 against cephalosporins with a positively charged cyclic substituent at the C3 position (e.g., ceftazidime).	Ceftazidime	207-218	vimentin	Homo sapiens	26-29
21645522-8	2011	Docking of the cephalosporins ceftazidime and cefotaxime into the VIM-2 and VIM-7 structures reveals that amino acid substitutions may cause the mode of substrate binding to differ between the two enzymes.	Ceftazidime	30-41	vimentin 2, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	66-71
21645522-8	2011	Docking of the cephalosporins ceftazidime and cefotaxime into the VIM-2 and VIM-7 structures reveals that amino acid substitutions may cause the mode of substrate binding to differ between the two enzymes.	Ceftazidime	30-41	vimentin	Homo sapiens	66-69
21382411-9	2011	Using M100-S20 criteria, 19% of ESBL-producing E. coli and 9% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to ceftazidime; 5% and 10% were susceptible to cefepime, respectively.	Ceftazidime	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	65-69
20728316-6	2010	Twenty percent of ESBL-producing E. coli and 10% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to ceftazidime based on the CLSI 2010 guidelines.	Ceftazidime	101-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	18-22
20728316-6	2010	Twenty percent of ESBL-producing E. coli and 10% of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were susceptible to ceftazidime based on the CLSI 2010 guidelines.	Ceftazidime	101-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	52-56
20234775-2	2010	Because of a time delay in arranging a pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), the patient was treated with a prompt vitreous tap for culture an injection of vancomycin and ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	162-173	nuclear RNA export factor 1	Homo sapiens	115-118
20635454-6	2010	The cefotaxime and ceftazidime resistance of the ESBL-producers were transferred to azide-resistant E. coli J53 by conjugation.	Ceftazidime	19-30	EsbL	Escherichia coli	49-53
19736945-1	2009	Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are derivatives of enzymes such as SHV-1 and TEM-1 that have undergone site-specific mutations that enable them to hydrolyze, and thus inactivate, oxyimino-cephalosporins, such as cefotaxime and ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	237-248	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	87-92
20070911-13	2010	Ceftazidime and cefotaxime resistance markers were present on the plasmidic DNA of both the bla(CTX-M-15) positive strains and were transmissible through conjugation.	Ceftazidime	0-11	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	92-95
19664245-0	2009	In vitro antimicrobial effects of aztreonam, colistin, and the 3-drug combination of aztreonam, ceftazidime and amikacin on metallo-beta-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	Ceftazidime	96-107	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	132-146
19664245-8	2009	CONCLUSION: Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial effects on metallo-beta-lactamase-producing P. aeruginosa revealed relatively good effects of the 3-drug combination of aztreonam, ceftazidime and amikacin and marked effects of colistin.	Ceftazidime	180-191	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	68-82
19372175-3	2009	A chance encounter with Ben de Pauw led to his introduction to clinical drug development research, introduced him to Peter Donnelly who was studying ceftazidime at the Hammersmith Hospital in London and led to a series of collaborative studies at the start of a distinguished research career.	Ceftazidime	149-160	GTF2I repeat domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
19273683-4	2009	The CTX-M-53 beta-lactamase harbored the substitution Asp240Gly, like the CTX-M-15 enzyme, which is specifically implicated in a higher catalytic efficiency against ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	165-176	beta-lactamase	Salmonella enterica	13-27
19493866-7	2009	NXL104 restored the antimicrobial activity of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem and piperacillin against Enterobacteriaceae strains producing KPC-2 or KPC-3.	Ceftazidime	46-57	UBA domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	143-148
19141747-5	2009	The prevalence and diversity of the CTX-M mutants, including CTX-M-15, CTX-M-27 and CTX-M-57, with significant hydrolytic activity against ceftazidime were increased.	Ceftazidime	139-150	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	61-69
18625770-1	2008	We passaged cells expressing TEM-1 and TEM-12 from a single plasmid through either ampicillin or ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	97-108	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	29-34
18620848-2	2008	All strains harboured the bla(CTX-M-15) gene and presented minimum inhibitory concentrations for cefotaxime and ceftazidime of 256-1024 mg L(-1) and 16-512 mg L(-1), respectively, and eight of them showed different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns.	Ceftazidime	112-123	TEM beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	26-29
18620848-2	2008	All strains harboured the bla(CTX-M-15) gene and presented minimum inhibitory concentrations for cefotaxime and ceftazidime of 256-1024 mg L(-1) and 16-512 mg L(-1), respectively, and eight of them showed different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns.	Ceftazidime	112-123	extended spectrum beta-lactamase CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	30-38
19262076-2	2009	We evaluated the performance of MicroScan NegCombo Type 44 panel (Dade Behring, USA), which was developed to confirm ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae using ceftazidime/clavulanate and cefotaxime/clavulanate.	Ceftazidime	157-168	EsbL	Escherichia coli	117-121
18725449-1	2008	bla(CTX-M) genes, particularly bla(CTX-M-15), are the dominant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Sydney, Australia, where we also found one example of bla(CTX-M-62), encoding a novel enzyme conferring ceftazidime resistance.	Ceftazidime	286-297	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	35-43
18625770-2	2008	We found that the combined effects of recombination and selection removed the bla(TEM-1) allele from the bacterial population when it was passaged through ceftazidime or the bla(TEM-12) allele when cultures were passaged through ampicillin.	Ceftazidime	155-166	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	82-87
18559652-3	2008	A homology model suggests that the VIM-7 Tyr-218 Phe substitution may be responsible for the reduced catalytic efficiency against certain cephalosporins, including ceftazidime and cefepime.	Ceftazidime	164-175	vimentin	Homo sapiens	35-38
19472726-4	2008	RESULTS: Beta-lactamase detection revealed that 9 of these strains had ceftazidime activity restored by cloxacillin and none of the 14 strains were metallo-beta-lactamase producing.	Ceftazidime	71-82	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	9-23
23055876-5	2008	RESULTS: THE FOLLOWING DRUGS WERE DEEMED COMPATIBLE WITH IBUPROFEN LYSINE: ceftazidime, epinephrine, furosemide, heparin lock flush, diluted insulin, morphine sulfate, phenobarbital, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate.	Ceftazidime	75-86	insulin	Homo sapiens	141-148
18559360-5	2008	Many of the resulting amino acid substitutions had significant effects on the in vivo activity of TEM-1, including up to a 64-fold increased activity toward ceftazidime and up to an 8-fold increased resistance to the inhibitor clavulanate.	Ceftazidime	157-168	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	98-103
17949305-1	2007	In this report, we describe the detection of AmpC and CMY-2 beta-lactamases with the loss of OmpK35 porin among seven sporadic strains of ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and ceftazidime-resistant Escherichia coli.	Ceftazidime	138-149	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	45-49
17999931-5	2008	In this work, we present the crystallographic structures of Asp240Gly-harboring enzyme CTX-M-16 in complex with ceftazidime-like glycylboronic acid (resolution 1.80 A) and molecular dynamics simulations of the corresponding acyl-enzyme complex.	Ceftazidime	112-123	cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	87-90
17999931-6	2008	These experiments revealed breathing motions of CTX-M enzymes and the role of the substitution Asp240Gly in the accommodation of ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	129-140	cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	48-51
17999931-7	2008	The substitution Asp240Gly resulted in insertion of the C7 beta side chain of ceftazidime deep in the catalytic pocket and orchestrated motions of the active serine Ser70, the beta 3 strand and the omega loop, which favored the key interactions of the residues 237 and 235 with ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	78-89	endogenous retrovirus group K member 14	Homo sapiens	56-63
17999931-7	2008	The substitution Asp240Gly resulted in insertion of the C7 beta side chain of ceftazidime deep in the catalytic pocket and orchestrated motions of the active serine Ser70, the beta 3 strand and the omega loop, which favored the key interactions of the residues 237 and 235 with ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	278-289	endogenous retrovirus group K member 14	Homo sapiens	56-63
17949305-1	2007	In this report, we describe the detection of AmpC and CMY-2 beta-lactamases with the loss of OmpK35 porin among seven sporadic strains of ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and ceftazidime-resistant Escherichia coli.	Ceftazidime	186-197	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	45-49
18173077-8	2007	It is important to use cefotaxime-cefotaxime/clavulanic acid as well as ceftazidime-ceftazidime/clavulanic acid ratio for detection of ESBL types that preferentially hydrolyze cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	72-83	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
18173077-8	2007	It is important to use cefotaxime-cefotaxime/clavulanic acid as well as ceftazidime-ceftazidime/clavulanic acid ratio for detection of ESBL types that preferentially hydrolyze cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	84-95	EsbL	Escherichia coli	135-139
17576831-0	2007	Concentration-effect relationship of ceftazidime explains why the time above the MIC is 40 percent for a static effect in vivo.	Ceftazidime	37-48	microphthalmia Japan	Mus musculus	81-84
17662719-4	2007	Several deletion variants had enhanced activity towards ceftazidime compared to the wild-type TEM-1 demonstrating that removal of an amino acid can have a beneficial outcome.	Ceftazidime	56-67	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	94-99
17434819-0	2007	In vitro selection and characterization of mutants in TEM-1-producing Escherichia coli by ceftazidime and ceftibuten.	Ceftazidime	90-101	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	54-59
17599307-3	2007	METHODS: In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we assessed the efficacy of lenograstim (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF], 263 mu g per day administered intravenously) in ceftazidime-treated patients with severe sepsis caused by suspected melioidosis in Thailand.	Ceftazidime	191-202	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	96-133
17253612-11	2007	Immunohistochemistry for NFkappaB showed strong positivity in saline and ceftazidime-treated mice in contrast to weak focal stain in ciprofloxacin- and dexamethasone-treated mice.	Ceftazidime	73-84	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	25-33
17434819-1	2007	The present work was undertaken to study the ability of ceftazidime and ceftibuten to selectin vitro Escherichia coli HB101 harboring bla(TEM-1) beta-lactamase gene.	Ceftazidime	56-67	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	138-143
17434819-1	2007	The present work was undertaken to study the ability of ceftazidime and ceftibuten to selectin vitro Escherichia coli HB101 harboring bla(TEM-1) beta-lactamase gene.	Ceftazidime	56-67	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	145-159
17434819-4	2007	Ceftazidime created mutants that encode an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (TEM-12) and exhibit decreased expression of OmpF.	Ceftazidime	0-11	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	61-75
17157873-12	2007	Previously, we have discovered that mutations G262S (yielding IMP-1) and G262A in IMP-6 stabilize the Zn(II) ligand His263 and thus the enzyme-substrate intermediate complex through a domino effect, which enhances conversion of drugs like ceftazidime, penicillins, and imipenem.	Ceftazidime	239-250	insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	62-67
17350305-9	2007	Ceftazidime, ceftazidime+tobramycin and meropenem reduced the CSF bacterial concentration at 8h by 2.5log10.	Ceftazidime	0-11	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	62-65
17350305-9	2007	Ceftazidime, ceftazidime+tobramycin and meropenem reduced the CSF bacterial concentration at 8h by 2.5log10.	Ceftazidime	13-24	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	62-65
16842579-0	2006	Development of high-level ceftazidime resistance via single-base substitutions of blaCTX-M-3 in hyper-mutable Escherichia coli.	Ceftazidime	26-37	beta lactamase CTX-M-3	Escherichia coli	82-92
16816400-0	2006	High prevalence of OXA-51-type class D beta-lactamases among ceftazidime-resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp.	Ceftazidime	61-72	histocompatibility minor 13	Homo sapiens	118-121
18298053-1	2007	The bla(PER-1) presence was sought by PCR in 289 ceftazidime resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated at Dokuz Eylul University Hospital (Turkey) between 1998 and 2003.	Ceftazidime	49-60	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	4-7
18298053-3	2007	bla(PER-1) was detected in 46.2 and 35.9% of ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, respectively.	Ceftazidime	45-56	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	0-3
17087095-3	2006	The authors examined the effect of four commonly used antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole and piperacillin-tazobactam) on tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with heat-killed S maltophilia.	Ceftazidime	91-102	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	180-189
17051471-5	2006	Chromosomal hyperpoduction of K1 Beta-lactamase differs from all other ESBLs due its sensitivity to ceftazidime (Klebsiella oxytoca).	Ceftazidime	100-111	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	33-47
17087095-6	2006	However at supratherapeutic concentrations, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin, but not piperacillin-tazobactam, also inhibited significantly the production of TNF alpha.	Ceftazidime	44-55	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	155-164
16613133-5	2006	From December 2003 to April 2005, a total of 58 potential ESBL-producing isolates (resistant to cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime) by BSAC disc susceptibility were tested by the combination discs and Vitek 2.	Ceftazidime	114-125	EsbL	Escherichia coli	58-62
16544267-3	2006	A critical examination of the literature provides divergent views of the effect of ESBL carriage on morbidity and mortality and suggests that ESBL production may have its most marked effect on ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	193-204	EsbL	Escherichia coli	142-146
16613133-11	2006	Further studies to compare Vitek 2 with cefotaxime and ceftazidime combination discs may reveal disc methodology for ESBL detection to be a more reliable alternative than using cefpodoxime combination discs alone.	Ceftazidime	55-66	EsbL	Escherichia coli	117-121
15949189-2	2005	Of the 250 E. coli isolates investigated, all of which came from patients in a major hospital in southern Lebanon, 61 (13.3%) were found to have ESBL, their production of beta-lactamase being confirmed by the ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic-acid disc methods.	Ceftazidime	225-236	EsbL	Escherichia coli	145-149
16898513-12	2006	We conclude that an empirical combination treatment of clarithromycine and ceftazidime is appropriate and effective in children with UTI caused by PA.	Ceftazidime	75-86	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	133-136
16115825-1	2005	OBJECTIVES: To investigate the resistance mechanisms of meropenem-resistant, ceftazidime-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, in a clinical setting where VIM-2 or VIM-4 metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing pseudomonads are common.	Ceftazidime	77-88	VIM-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	162-167
16544543-4	2005	Ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/cefotaxime-clavulanic acid rates were found as &gt;8 and the results were accepted as positive for an ESBL.	Ceftazidime	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	157-161
15728940-1	2005	We applied in vitro evolution to an Escherichia coli strain containing bla(CTX-M-2) and obtained 10 independent mutant bla(CTX-M-2) alleles that confer elevated resistance to ceftazidime (MIC &gt; or = 32 microg/ml) but lost the ability to confer resistance to cefepime.	Ceftazidime	175-186	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	71-74
15781395-3	2005	Furthermore, most of the inhibitors enhanced the antibacterial activities of piperacillin (PIP) and ceftazidime (CAZ) particularly against TEM-1 and CTX-1 producing bacterial strains.	Ceftazidime	100-111	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	139-144
15781395-3	2005	Furthermore, most of the inhibitors enhanced the antibacterial activities of piperacillin (PIP) and ceftazidime (CAZ) particularly against TEM-1 and CTX-1 producing bacterial strains.	Ceftazidime	113-116	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	139-144
15728940-1	2005	We applied in vitro evolution to an Escherichia coli strain containing bla(CTX-M-2) and obtained 10 independent mutant bla(CTX-M-2) alleles that confer elevated resistance to ceftazidime (MIC &gt; or = 32 microg/ml) but lost the ability to confer resistance to cefepime.	Ceftazidime	175-186	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	119-122
15750057-4	2005	All the isolates demonstrated resistance to ceftriaxone and ceftazidime due to the production of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Ceftazidime	60-71	beta-lactamase	Salmonella enterica	118-132
16110923-1	2005	In a fibrin-clot model of sepsis, developed in mice, treatment with the antibiotics ceftazidime (Cfz) and ofloxacin (Ofl) caused significant (p &lt; 0.01) release of endotoxin and TNF-alpha after 4.5 h when compared with control (untreated) and amikacin (Ami) treated group.	Ceftazidime	84-95	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	180-189
15673739-7	2005	The K(m) value toward cefazolin (5.57 x 10(3) muM) was extremely high in comparison to those toward ceftazidime (30.9 muM) and penicillin G (67 muM), indicating its low affinity to cefazolin.	Ceftazidime	100-111	latexin	Homo sapiens	46-49
15673739-7	2005	The K(m) value toward cefazolin (5.57 x 10(3) muM) was extremely high in comparison to those toward ceftazidime (30.9 muM) and penicillin G (67 muM), indicating its low affinity to cefazolin.	Ceftazidime	100-111	latexin	Homo sapiens	118-121
15673739-7	2005	The K(m) value toward cefazolin (5.57 x 10(3) muM) was extremely high in comparison to those toward ceftazidime (30.9 muM) and penicillin G (67 muM), indicating its low affinity to cefazolin.	Ceftazidime	100-111	latexin	Homo sapiens	118-121
15629222-4	2005	The ESBL-positive K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to aztreonam, ceftazidime, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and susceptible to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline.	Ceftazidime	70-81	CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	4-8
15722450-2	2005	The G262S point mutation distinguishing the metallo-beta-lactamase IMP-1 from IMP-6 has no effect on the hydrolysis of the drugs cephalothin and cefotaxime, but significantly improves catalytic efficiency toward cephaloridine, ceftazidime, benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, and imipenem.	Ceftazidime	227-238	insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	67-72
16110923-1	2005	In a fibrin-clot model of sepsis, developed in mice, treatment with the antibiotics ceftazidime (Cfz) and ofloxacin (Ofl) caused significant (p &lt; 0.01) release of endotoxin and TNF-alpha after 4.5 h when compared with control (untreated) and amikacin (Ami) treated group.	Ceftazidime	97-100	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	180-189
15928416-7	2005	RESULTS: OMP analysis revealed that cefoxitin and ceftazidime resistance was mediated by loss of a porin Omp K35 in the isolates of K.pneumoniae and E.coli.	Ceftazidime	50-61	outer membrane protein	Escherichia coli	9-12
15928416-7	2005	RESULTS: OMP analysis revealed that cefoxitin and ceftazidime resistance was mediated by loss of a porin Omp K35 in the isolates of K.pneumoniae and E.coli.	Ceftazidime	50-61	outer membrane protein	Escherichia coli	105-108
15536141-0	2004	Intraperitoneal cefazolin and ceftazidime effects on human peritoneal mesothelial cell release of cancer antigen-125.	Ceftazidime	30-41	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	98-116
15752339-10	2005	CTX-M-15 or TEM-52 was especially responsible for the resistance to ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	68-79	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	0-8
15752339-11	2005	CONCLUSIONS: These results appear to represent the in vivo evolution of CTX-M-type beta-lactamase genes (bla(CTX-M-3) --&gt; bla(CTX-M-15)) under the selective pressure of antimicrobial therapy (especially ceftazidime).	Ceftazidime	206-217	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	129-137
15536141-4	2004	OBJECTIVE: To determine whether IP cefazolin and ceftazidime increase peritoneal CA-125 appearance rate.	Ceftazidime	49-60	mucin 16, cell surface associated	Homo sapiens	81-87
15504890-0	2004	Pharmacodynamics of ceftazidime plus the serine beta-lactamase inhibitor AM-112 against Escherichia coli containing TEM-1 and CTX-M-1 beta-lactamases.	Ceftazidime	20-31	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	116-121
15504890-1	2004	A strain of Escherichia coli containing TEM-1 and CTX-M-1 was tested in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model against ceftazidime with and without AM-112, a serine beta-lactamase inhibitor.	Ceftazidime	114-125	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	40-45
15504890-1	2004	A strain of Escherichia coli containing TEM-1 and CTX-M-1 was tested in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model against ceftazidime with and without AM-112, a serine beta-lactamase inhibitor.	Ceftazidime	114-125	CTX-M-1	Escherichia coli	50-57
15521206-6	2004	The ISPD guidelines for treatment of peritonitis recommended an empirical therapy based on the association of a first-generation cephalosporin with an aminoglycoside or ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	169-180	CDP-L-ribitol pyrophosphorylase A	Homo sapiens	4-8
15301679-1	2004	During a survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Bulgaria in 2001-2002, three isolates from Sofia (two Escherichia coli, one Klebsiella pneumoniae) showed cefotaxime MICs that were decreased in the presence of clavulanate and were 2-8-fold higher than those of ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	303-314	EsbL	Escherichia coli	19-51
15155242-1	2004	A clinical strain of Escherichia coli isolated from pleural liquid with high levels of resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam harbors a novel CTX-M gene (bla(CTX-M-32)) whose amino acid sequence differs from that of CTX-M-1 by a single Asp240-Gly substitution.	Ceftazidime	113-124	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	168-171
17642726-3	2004	Fourteen percent and 12% of ESBL producers showed false susceptibility to ceftazidime and cefotaxime in routine susceptibility testing.	Ceftazidime	74-85	EsbL	Escherichia coli	28-32
15155242-0	2004	High-level resistance to ceftazidime conferred by a novel enzyme, CTX-M-32, derived from CTX-M-1 through a single Asp240-Gly substitution.	Ceftazidime	25-36	CTX-M-1	Escherichia coli	89-96
15155242-1	2004	A clinical strain of Escherichia coli isolated from pleural liquid with high levels of resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam harbors a novel CTX-M gene (bla(CTX-M-32)) whose amino acid sequence differs from that of CTX-M-1 by a single Asp240-Gly substitution.	Ceftazidime	113-124	CTX-M-1	Escherichia coli	230-237
15128727-9	2004	In neutropenic mice, survival was markedly better in the G-CSF + ceftazidime group compared with controls (P = 0.0001), G-CSF (P = 0.0002) or ceftazidime (P = 0.0172).	Ceftazidime	65-76	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	57-62
15128727-10	2004	In non-neutropenic mice, survival in the G-CSF + ceftazidime group (20%) was significantly higher than in the control and G-CSF groups (P = 0.0001) but not significantly higher than ceftazidime alone (9%) (P &gt; 0.05).	Ceftazidime	49-60	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	41-46
15281617-1	2004	A rapid and sensitive high-pressure liquid chromatographic method with simple sample preparation was developed for the quantitative analysis of the beta-lactam antibiotic ceftazidime (CAS 78439-06-2, Fortum).	Ceftazidime	171-182	BCAR1 scaffold protein, Cas family member	Homo sapiens	184-187
15164964-7	2004	Using ceftazidime as a marker for extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) expression, less than 3% of Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae expressed this phenotype.	Ceftazidime	6-17	EsbL	Escherichia coli	68-72
14975053-9	2004	At 6 hours the IL-6 concentration was significantly lower in the ceftazidime group than in the saline group (P &lt; 0.05), and in both the ceftazidime and the tobramycin groups there were significantly greater reductions from peak values (P &lt; 0.05).	Ceftazidime	65-76	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	15-19
14975053-11	2004	However, our data indicate a possible anti-inflammatory effect exerted by both ceftazidime and tobramycin, which manifested as a significantly greater reduction in IL-6 in comparison with the untreated group.	Ceftazidime	79-90	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	164-168
15359102-7	2004	For the beta2M concentration, agreement remained good (rc &gt;0.96) for ceftazidime and thimerosal (although the former tended to lower concentrations) but acetic acid was less optimal (rc = 0.893).	Ceftazidime	72-83	beta-2-microglobulin	Homo sapiens	8-14
14991988-1	2003	AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of egg white lysozyme (LZM) on ceftazidime (CFT)-induced release of endotoxin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	Ceftazidime	73-84	lysozyme 2	Mus musculus	65-68
14692154-16	2003	Finally, we tested our hypothesis in the rat model of chronic lung infection by assessing the effect of a beta ab raised by vaccination with purified chromosomal beta-lactamase on the outcome of the treatment with ceftazidime of bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics.	Ceftazidime	214-225	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	104-110
14582562-1	2003	With the overuse of expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, especially ceftazidime, outbreaks of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli infections have been reported.	Ceftazidime	65-76	CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	91-123
12775683-4	2003	Comparison of CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-27 showed that residue Gly-240 decreased Km for ceftazidime (205 versus 940 microM), but decreased hydrolytic activity against good substrates, such as cefotaxime (kcat, 113 versus 415 s-1), probably owing to the alteration of beta3 strand positioning during the catalytic process.	Ceftazidime	81-92	CTX-M-14	Escherichia coli	14-22
12730001-14	2003	Cefepime remained highly active, even against ceftazidime-resistant isolates of Enterobacter spp.	Ceftazidime	46-57	histocompatibility minor 13	Homo sapiens	93-96
12878527-6	2003	The ability of these compounds to protect ceftazidime from hydrolysis by beta-lactamase-producing strains was evaluated by MIC tests that combined ceftazidime and each oxapenem in a 1:1 or 2:1 ratio.	Ceftazidime	42-53	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	73-87
12878527-6	2003	The ability of these compounds to protect ceftazidime from hydrolysis by beta-lactamase-producing strains was evaluated by MIC tests that combined ceftazidime and each oxapenem in a 1:1 or 2:1 ratio.	Ceftazidime	147-158	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	73-87
12843054-3	2003	For 21 of 131 (16%) isolates, the ESBL confirmatory test was positive; i.e., the BMD MICs of ceftazidime or cefotaxime decreased by &gt;/=3 doubling dilutions in the presence of clavulanic acid (CA) or the disk diffusion zone diameters increased by &gt;/=5 mm around ceftazidime or cefotaxime disks in the presence of CA.	Ceftazidime	93-104	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
12843054-3	2003	For 21 of 131 (16%) isolates, the ESBL confirmatory test was positive; i.e., the BMD MICs of ceftazidime or cefotaxime decreased by &gt;/=3 doubling dilutions in the presence of clavulanic acid (CA) or the disk diffusion zone diameters increased by &gt;/=5 mm around ceftazidime or cefotaxime disks in the presence of CA.	Ceftazidime	267-278	EsbL	Escherichia coli	34-38
12615876-4	2003	Detection of KPC-2 may be a problem for clinical laboratories because in this study it was associated with positive extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) confirmation tests (clavulanate-potentiated activities of ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime and aztreonam).	Ceftazidime	227-238	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	13-18
12427218-8	2002	CONCLUSIONS: It appears that a multiresistant transferable plasmid encoding the SHV-5 beta-lactamase, causing unusually high resistance to ceftazidime and aztreonam, and the combination AAC(6")-I + AAC(3)-I of acetylating enzymes causing, also resistance to all clinically available aminoglycosides, is established in K. pneumoniae in Greece.	Ceftazidime	139-150	aminoglycoside acetyltransferase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	186-195
12507831-11	2003	Among Enterobacter spp., resistance (MIC&gt;or=32 mg/l) to aztreonam, ceftazidime and ceftriaxone ranged from 12.3 to 21.2% over the 4 years, whereas resistance in Klebsiella (MIC&gt;or=2 mg/l) ranged from 5.9 to 6.8%.	Ceftazidime	70-81	histocompatibility minor 13	Homo sapiens	19-22
12935353-6	2003	Both ceftazidime and aztreonam enhanced LPS release from E. coli in comparison to low-level LPS release from imipenem-treated bacteria, consistent with observed differences in TNF-alpha release.	Ceftazidime	5-16	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	176-185
14606607-3	2003	ESBL production was detected in 26 E. coli strains (5.96%), 60 K. pneumoniae strains (44.77%) and 15 K. oxytoca strains (26.78%) by ceftazidime/ceftazidime-clavulanate E-test.	Ceftazidime	132-143	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12645667-1	2002	To test the hypothesis that antibodies against the chromosomal beta-lactamase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (a beta ab) might act as beta-lactamase inhibitors in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic lung infection with P. aeruginosa, we compared in a rat model of chronic lung infection the efficacy of treatment with ceftazidime in beta-lactamase-immunized (group I) and non-immunized (group II) rats.	Ceftazidime	319-330	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	105-111
12645667-10	2002	Our study showed that a beta ab with beta-lactamase inhibitory activity raised by immunization with beta-lactamase can improve the outcome of treatment with ceftazidime of resistant P. aeruginosa in a rat model of chronic lung infection.	Ceftazidime	157-168	amyloid beta precursor protein	Rattus norvegicus	22-28
12461028-0	2002	Biochemical analysis of the ceftazidime-hydrolysing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase CTX-M-15 and of its structurally related beta-lactamase CTX-M-3.	Ceftazidime	28-39	beta lactamase CTX-M-3	Escherichia coli	126-148
12517841-3	2003	ESBL production was confirmed by disk diffusion assay using cefpodoxime (CPD), cefotaxime (CTX), and ceftazidime (CTZ) with and without clavulanate (CLAV).	Ceftazidime	101-112	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12517841-3	2003	ESBL production was confirmed by disk diffusion assay using cefpodoxime (CPD), cefotaxime (CTX), and ceftazidime (CTZ) with and without clavulanate (CLAV).	Ceftazidime	114-117	EsbL	Escherichia coli	0-4
12121916-8	2002	Among the cytokines tested on days 0 to 15, we found an increased production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, KC (functional interleukin-8), and gamma interferon in the lungs of ceftazidime- and saline-treated controls compared to the moxifloxacin pretreatment that abolished their secretion.	Ceftazidime	177-188	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	80-107
12121916-8	2002	Among the cytokines tested on days 0 to 15, we found an increased production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, KC (functional interleukin-8), and gamma interferon in the lungs of ceftazidime- and saline-treated controls compared to the moxifloxacin pretreatment that abolished their secretion.	Ceftazidime	177-188	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 15	Mus musculus	124-137
12173800-10	2002	Pulmonary TNF-alpha, IL-beta, and IL-8 concentrations were attenuated in the ceftazidime group compared with those in the placebo group (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.02, and p = 0.003).	Ceftazidime	77-88	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	10-19
12173800-10	2002	Pulmonary TNF-alpha, IL-beta, and IL-8 concentrations were attenuated in the ceftazidime group compared with those in the placebo group (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.02, and p = 0.003).	Ceftazidime	77-88	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	34-38
11740699-6	2002	A favorable response to treatment with a nonceftazidime ESC was observed when the causative pathogen produced either TEM-6 or TEM-12; ceftazidime treatment was associated with failure of therapy in all patients.	Ceftazidime	44-55	tensin 3	Homo sapiens	117-122
12108869-4	2002	Ceftazidime, tobramycin, and gentamycin slightly inhibited purified HNE activity whereas erythromycin and colistin significantly stimulated purified HNE and PE (395 and 557%, respectively).	Ceftazidime	0-11	elastase, neutrophil expressed	Homo sapiens	68-71
11953180-12	2002	The beta-lactamase from K. pneumoniae 99595 had stronger activity against ceftazidime, ceftaxime, and ceftriaxone than that from K. pneumoniae 99607.	Ceftazidime	74-85	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	4-18
11889308-16	2002	Although tumor necrosis factor-alpha plasma concentrations were significantly higher in the group treated with ceftazidime compared with the group treated with imipenem at the baseline and 4 hrs later, these differences were not statistically significant after 12 hrs of initiation of both treatments.	Ceftazidime	111-122	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	9-36
11591698-8	2001	In addition, it was found that certain amino acid substitutions in the omega-loop region of the P99 enzyme result in increased ceftazidime hydrolysis suggesting the loop is an important determinant of substrate specificity.	Ceftazidime	127-138	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 10	Homo sapiens	96-99
11794426-4	2002	PATIENTS: Fifty-seven patients with cultures of presumed ESBL-producing (i.e., ceftazidime-resistant) E. coli or K. pneumoniae.	Ceftazidime	79-90	EsbL	Escherichia coli	57-61
11502518-1	2001	A clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae was found to be resistant to ampicillin (MIC of 128 microg/ml), ticarcillin (MIC of 512 microg/ml), and ceftazidime (MIC of 128 microg/ml) and susceptible to all other beta-lactams; a synergistic effect between clavulanate and ceftazidime suggested the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Ceftazidime	148-159	EsbL	Escherichia coli	346-350
11110047-0	2000	Rapid development in vitro and in vivo of resistance to ceftazidime in biofilm-growing Pseudomonas aeruginosa due to chromosomal beta-lactamase.	Ceftazidime	56-67	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	129-143
11442343-2	2001	Of the 668 isolates, the 80 strains were presumptively defined as ESBL producers according to the result of disk method using ESBL marker antibiotics (aztreonam, ceftazidime, and cefoxitin).	Ceftazidime	162-173	EsbL	Escherichia coli	66-70
11320450-2	2001	The highest percentage of ESBL phenotype (defined as a minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] &gt; or =2 microg/mL for ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, or aztreonam) was detected among K. pneumoniae strains from Latin America (45%), followed by those from the Western Pacific region (25%), Europe (23%), the United States (8%), and Canada (5%).	Ceftazidime	119-130	CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	26-30
11114163-2	2001	Natural variants of TEM-1 with increased antibiotic resistance have appeared in response to the use of extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., ceftazidime) and beta-lactamase inhibitors (e.g., clavulanic acid).	Ceftazidime	152-163	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	20-25
11810566-1	2000	Beta-lactamase production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined in in-vitro models and in rat pouch infection models after exposure to ceftazidime, imipenem, and piperacillin.	Ceftazidime	138-149	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	0-14
11810566-2	2000	Exposure of 28 P. aeruginosa strains to 1/4 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ceftazidime, imipenem, and piperacillin for 24 h enhanced intracellular beta-lactamase activities in 14, 22, and 6 strains, respectively, of the 28 clinical strains tested, and enhanced extracellular beta-lactamase activities which were not detected without exposure to antibiotics, in 7, 23, and 1 of the 28 strains, respectively.	Ceftazidime	86-97	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	158-172
11810566-2	2000	Exposure of 28 P. aeruginosa strains to 1/4 minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ceftazidime, imipenem, and piperacillin for 24 h enhanced intracellular beta-lactamase activities in 14, 22, and 6 strains, respectively, of the 28 clinical strains tested, and enhanced extracellular beta-lactamase activities which were not detected without exposure to antibiotics, in 7, 23, and 1 of the 28 strains, respectively.	Ceftazidime	86-97	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	286-300
11110047-11	2000	It was shown that, during treatment with ceftazidime, biofilm-growing P. aeruginosa had the capacity to develop resistance due to the production of chromosomal beta-lactamase.	Ceftazidime	41-52	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	160-174
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Ceftazidime	176-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	4-8
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Ceftazidime	176-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11758235-5	2001	All ESBL(+) bacteria were sensitive to imipenam, the resistance rate of ESBL(+) bacteria to cefmetazole, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam was low; the in vitro activity of ceftazidim to ESBL(+) bacteria was high but the in vivo activity is still under study.	Ceftazidime	176-186	EsbL	Escherichia coli	72-76
11478888-7	2001	The X-ray crystal structure of the mutant beta-lactamase GC1, which has improved activity against third-generation cephalosporins, suggests that a tandem tripeptide insertion in the Omega loop, which contains Val211, has caused a shift of this residue and also of Tyr221 that would allow ceftazidime and other third-generation cephalosporins to adopt a more catalytically competent conformation.	Ceftazidime	288-299	solute carrier family 25 member 22	Homo sapiens	57-60
11810566-3	2000	Extracellular beta-lactamase activity from P. aeruginosa S-1278, producing an inducible beta-lactamase, scarcely increased after exposure to ceftazidime and piperacillin 24 h after incubation, while the activity increased after exposure to imipenem over the range of 1/8 to 8 MIC.	Ceftazidime	141-152	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	14-28
11810566-3	2000	Extracellular beta-lactamase activity from P. aeruginosa S-1278, producing an inducible beta-lactamase, scarcely increased after exposure to ceftazidime and piperacillin 24 h after incubation, while the activity increased after exposure to imipenem over the range of 1/8 to 8 MIC.	Ceftazidime	141-152	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	88-102
11036023-6	2000	However, BES-1 differed from CTX-M enzymes by its significant ceftazidime-hydrolyzing activity (k(cat), 25 s(-1)), high affinity for aztreonam (K(i), 1 microM), and lower susceptibility to tazobactam (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)], 0.820 microM) than to clavulanate (IC(50), 0.045 microM).	Ceftazidime	62-73	BES-1	Serratia marcescens	9-14
11036058-1	2000	The effect of a single dose of ceftazidime on circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in a rat model of sepsis was studied.	Ceftazidime	31-42	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	76-89
11036058-1	2000	The effect of a single dose of ceftazidime on circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in a rat model of sepsis was studied.	Ceftazidime	31-42	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	91-95
11036058-1	2000	The effect of a single dose of ceftazidime on circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in a rat model of sepsis was studied.	Ceftazidime	31-42	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	101-128
11036058-1	2000	The effect of a single dose of ceftazidime on circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in a rat model of sepsis was studied.	Ceftazidime	31-42	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	130-139
11036058-2	2000	IL-6 concentrations were significantly elevated (100 to 200 times the baseline) 6 h after ceftazidime administration in both septic and nonseptic (control) rats.	Ceftazidime	90-101	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
9876053-2	1998	ESBL production was demonstrated by an 8-fold reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ceftazidime combined with clavulanate (2 mg/L) compared to ceftazidime alone in all strains.	Ceftazidime	105-116	CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	0-4
10817740-0	2000	A new SHV-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (SHV-24) that hydrolyzes ceftazidime through a single-amino-acid substitution (D179G) in the -loop.	Ceftazidime	76-87	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	36-50
10817740-1	2000	A new SHV-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (SHV-24) conferring high-level resistance to ceftazidime but not cefotaxime and cefazolin was identified in Japan.	Ceftazidime	96-107	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	36-50
10950626-6	2000	Several broad-spectrum beta-lactams ("fourth-generation" cephalosporins, carbapenems) are expected to be used with increasing frequency as a result of the emerging high rates of specific beta-lactamases that compromise the use of ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and many beta-lactamase inhibition/ penicillin combinations.	Ceftazidime	243-254	beta-lactamase	Staphylococcus aureus	187-201
10103209-1	1999	DNA sequencing data showed that five clinical isolates of Escherichia coli with reduced susceptibility to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cefotaxime contain an ampC gene that is preceded by a strong promoter.	Ceftazidime	106-117	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	158-162
11025185-6	2000	For the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 18 (42%) of 43 laboratories testing ceftazidime correctly reported ceftazidime MICs in the resistant range.	Ceftazidime	127-138	CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	8-40
11025185-6	2000	For the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 18 (42%) of 43 laboratories testing ceftazidime correctly reported ceftazidime MICs in the resistant range.	Ceftazidime	158-169	CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	8-40
10898697-3	2000	All variants obtained by submitting an Escherichia coli strain that contains a bla(TEM-1) gene to fluctuating challenge with both ceftazidime and amoxicillin contained only mutations previously detected in naturally occurring beta-lactamases.	Ceftazidime	130-141	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	83-88
10722633-1	2000	Staphylococcus aureus killed during imipenem or ceftazidime chemotherapy in mice elicited an early release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) into the systemic circulation.	Ceftazidime	48-59	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	110-137
10722633-1	2000	Staphylococcus aureus killed during imipenem or ceftazidime chemotherapy in mice elicited an early release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) into the systemic circulation.	Ceftazidime	48-59	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	139-148
11050768-9	2000	Using the double-disc synergy test, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was detected in 27.5% of ceftazidime-resistant clinical strains isolated in 1999.	Ceftazidime	101-112	CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	36-68
11050768-9	2000	Using the double-disc synergy test, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was detected in 27.5% of ceftazidime-resistant clinical strains isolated in 1999.	Ceftazidime	101-112	CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	70-74
10706185-3	2000	Ciprofloxacin resistance was significantly linked to ceftazidime resistance, the hallmark of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production, as well as to resistance to all antibiotic classes tested.	Ceftazidime	53-64	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	111-125
10234838-2	1999	Clavulanic acid restored the ceftazidime activity, thus suggesting an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).	Ceftazidime	29-40	EsbL	Escherichia coli	104-108
10049276-5	1999	In the control group (no CLDM), CAZ administration resulted in significant increases in endotoxin, TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta concentrations.	Ceftazidime	32-35	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	99-108
10049276-5	1999	In the control group (no CLDM), CAZ administration resulted in significant increases in endotoxin, TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta concentrations.	Ceftazidime	32-35	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	114-123
9876053-2	1998	ESBL production was demonstrated by an 8-fold reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ceftazidime combined with clavulanate (2 mg/L) compared to ceftazidime alone in all strains.	Ceftazidime	164-175	CTX-M-15	Klebsiella pneumoniae	0-4
9687393-6	1998	Transformants producing only the pI 8.8 beta-lactamase were resistant to cefotaxime and aztreonam but were susceptible or intermediate to ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	138-149	Bla	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	40-54
9784522-10	1998	Treatment of bacteria with the antibiotic ceftazidime significantly enhanced LP release.	Ceftazidime	42-53	lipoprotein	Escherichia coli	77-79
9756758-4	1998	It was found that the mechanism modulating ceftazidime hydrolysis in PSE-4 was different from that in TEM-1.	Ceftazidime	43-54	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	102-107
9921053-0	1998	[Changes in ceftazidime concentration in the CSF following overdose in acute kidney failure].	Ceftazidime	12-23	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	45-48
9593123-1	1998	A TEM-1 beta-lactamase derivative containing the single amino acid substitution A237T slightly increased (from 24 to 32 microg/ml) the cephalothin MIC for Escherichia coli RYC1000 but did not influence the activities of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam (MICs of 0.03, 0.12, and 0.06 microg/ml, respectively).	Ceftazidime	232-243	TEM-1 beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	2-22
9371336-4	1997	The purified enzyme was studied from a kinetic point of view, revealing the highest catalytic efficiency (k[cat]/Km) values for ceftazidime and aztreonam compared with the TEM-1 prototype enzyme.	Ceftazidime	128-139	TEM-1	Serratia marcescens	172-177
9184707-9	1997	Increased enzymuria, as indicated by increased urine concentrations of AAP and NAG, was observed in the gentamicin plus ceftazidime treatment (p &lt; 0.05) compared with the other two treatments.	Ceftazidime	120-131	O-GlcNAcase	Homo sapiens	79-82
9174192-9	1997	In addition, the MIC of ceftazidime for E. coli transconjugant GR202 (1 microg/ml) was lower than that for E. coli TEM-15 (16 microg/ml) and higher than that for E. coli IRT-4 or TEM-1 (0.06 microg/ml).	Ceftazidime	24-35	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	115-120
9184707-12	1997	Since acute elevations in AAP and NAG reflect insults to the kidney, these studies suggest that ceftazidime may enhance aminoglycoside-induced renal injury.	Ceftazidime	96-107	O-GlcNAcase	Homo sapiens	34-37
8818874-2	1996	The Etest (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) ESBL screen uses stable gradient technology to evaluate the MIC of ceftazidime alone compared with the MIC of ceftazidime with clavulanic acid (2 micrograms/ml) to facilitate the recognition of strains expressing inhibitable enzymes.	Ceftazidime	105-116	EsbL	Escherichia coli	38-42
9186563-5	1997	The separate combinations of SYN-1012 and BRL-42715 with ceftazidime and cefotaxime provided comparable results against Gram-negatives, but not against Gram-positive isolates.	Ceftazidime	57-68	joined toes	Mus musculus	29-32
18611753-4	1996	Expressed as a function of a standardized number of cells remaining after 6 h of exposure to gentamicin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin or imipenem, TNF leves associated with antibiotic exposure always exceeded those of controls.	Ceftazidime	105-116	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	145-148
8818874-8	1996	The Etest ESBL screen test with the ceftazidime substrate appears to be a useful method for detecting or validating the presence of enteric bacilli potentially producing this type of beta-lactamase.	Ceftazidime	36-47	EsbL	Escherichia coli	10-14
11862252-11	1996	At the end of therapy, 248 of 264 (94%) clinically evaluable patients receiving ceftazidime BID and 258 of 275% (94%) clinically evaluable patients receiving ceftazidime TID achieved clinical cure or improvement (p = 0.953).	Ceftazidime	80-91	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	92-95
8815106-4	1996	Ceftazidime and aztreonam disks were equivalent in differentiating ESBL production, and both were superior to cefotaxime disks.	Ceftazidime	0-11	EsbL	Escherichia coli	67-71
8815106-7	1996	With a 5-micrograms ceftazidime disk, a breakpoint could be chosen with high sensitivity and specificity for ESBL-producing organisms.	Ceftazidime	20-31	EsbL	Escherichia coli	109-113
8067751-0	1994	Reversal of clavulanate resistance conferred by a Ser-244 mutant of TEM-1 beta-lactamase as a result of a second mutation (Arg to Ser at position 164) that enhances activity against ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	182-193	TEM-1 beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	68-88
7540696-5	1995	METHODS: A randomized trial was conducted to test whether the administration of either G-CSF or GM-CSF improved the outcome of standard antibiotic therapy (ceftazidime plus amikacin) in nonleukemic cancer patients with fever (&gt; 38 degrees C) and grade IV neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count [ANC] &lt; 500/mm3) induced by standard-dose chemotherapy.	Ceftazidime	156-167	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	96-102
7545489-0	1995	Role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in preventing ceftazidime-induced myelosuppression in vitro.	Ceftazidime	60-71	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	8-45
7545489-3	1995	The present study was carried out to define the role of G-CSF in preventing the ceftazidime-induced suppression of BM progenitor cells in vitro, and to define the mechanisms involved in ceftazidime-induced myelosuppression.	Ceftazidime	80-91	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	56-61
7752449-13	1995	MIC50 values show that TAZ/PIPC was two times less effective than CAZ and SBT/CPZ but four times more effective than CTM; furthermore, from the MIC90 values, TAZ/PIPC was four times more effective than PIPC, CTM and CAZ.	Ceftazidime	216-219	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	23-26
7752449-13	1995	MIC50 values show that TAZ/PIPC was two times less effective than CAZ and SBT/CPZ but four times more effective than CTM; furthermore, from the MIC90 values, TAZ/PIPC was four times more effective than PIPC, CTM and CAZ.	Ceftazidime	216-219	tafazzin, phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase	Homo sapiens	158-161
7695296-8	1995	Interestingly, the change from Gln to Lys at position 39 found in TEM-2, classically considered a neutral change, slightly but consistently increased the MIC of ceftazidime and aztreonam.	Ceftazidime	161-172	RASD family member 2	Homo sapiens	66-71
18475677-1	1995	We investigated the effects of the antibiotic ceftazidime (CAZ) on the cytolytic action of the neutrophil myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride anion system (MPO/H(2)O(2)/Cl(-)).	Ceftazidime	46-57	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	106-121
18475677-1	1995	We investigated the effects of the antibiotic ceftazidime (CAZ) on the cytolytic action of the neutrophil myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride anion system (MPO/H(2)O(2)/Cl(-)).	Ceftazidime	46-57	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	163-166
18475677-1	1995	We investigated the effects of the antibiotic ceftazidime (CAZ) on the cytolytic action of the neutrophil myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride anion system (MPO/H(2)O(2)/Cl(-)).	Ceftazidime	59-62	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	106-121
18475677-1	1995	We investigated the effects of the antibiotic ceftazidime (CAZ) on the cytolytic action of the neutrophil myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride anion system (MPO/H(2)O(2)/Cl(-)).	Ceftazidime	59-62	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	163-166
7871780-0	1994	[A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli].	Ceftazidime	47-58	EsbL	Escherichia coli	9-41
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	Ceftazidime	185-196	EsbL	Escherichia coli	8-40
7871780-1	1994	A novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESbla) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 7.5kb, conferring resistance to beta-lactams tested except cefoxitin and imipenem, was found in a ceftazidime-resistant isolate of E. coli form our hospital.	Ceftazidime	185-196	EsbL	Escherichia coli	42-47
8089110-0	1994	Characterization of TEM-1 beta-lactamase mutants from positions 238 to 241 with increased catalytic efficiency for ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	115-126	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	20-25
8641311-3	1996	In contrast, alterations of OMP profiles were absent in most ceftazidime-resistant isolates.	Ceftazidime	61-72	olfactory marker protein	Homo sapiens	28-31
7768603-4	1995	After 4 h of incubation at 50 times the MIC, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin treatment resulted in levels of endotoxin, TNF-alpha, and interleukin-6 significantly higher than those of imipenem and gentamicin (P &lt; 0.001).	Ceftazidime	45-56	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	118-127
7545489-4	1995	Our results show that G-CSF was able to maintain the proliferative activity of BM cells in the presence of ceftazidime if it was added to the culture medium during the early phase of exposure of BM to ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	107-118	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	22-27
7545489-4	1995	Our results show that G-CSF was able to maintain the proliferative activity of BM cells in the presence of ceftazidime if it was added to the culture medium during the early phase of exposure of BM to ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	201-212	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	22-27
7545489-5	1995	Monoclonal antibody to TNF completely inhibited the ceftazidime-induced myelosuppression.	Ceftazidime	52-63	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	23-26
7545489-8	1995	These data suggest that G-CSF prevents the ceftazidime-induced myelosuppression by antagonizing the suppressive effect of TNF and by enhancing the proliferative activity of BM.	Ceftazidime	43-54	colony stimulating factor 3	Homo sapiens	24-29
7545489-8	1995	These data suggest that G-CSF prevents the ceftazidime-induced myelosuppression by antagonizing the suppressive effect of TNF and by enhancing the proliferative activity of BM.	Ceftazidime	43-54	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	122-125
8067751-2	1994	The Arg-164--&gt;Ser mutation in the TEM-1 beta-lactamase (TEM-12 enzyme) is known to enhance the activity of the enzyme against ceftazidime, resulting in resistance to the drug in a strain producing the mutant enzyme (D. A. Weber, C. C. Sanders, J. S. Bakken, and J. P. Quinn, J. Infect.	Ceftazidime	129-140	TEM-1 beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	37-57
8067751-5	1994	The doubly mutated derivative of the TEM-1 enzyme (Ser-164/Ser-244) retains the characteristics of the Ser-164 mutant enzyme, i.e., enhanced activity against ceftazidime and sensitivity to inactivation by clavulanate.	Ceftazidime	158-169	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	37-42
8360130-9	1993	However, in patients with pneumonia ceftazidime was significantly more effective than imipenem/cilastatin in clearing patients of Pseudomonas spp.	Ceftazidime	36-47	histocompatibility minor 13	Homo sapiens	142-145
8129347-11	1993	Pseudomonas spp was isolated in 8.6% of cases and was generally sensitive to ceftazidime and amikacin.	Ceftazidime	77-88	histocompatibility minor 13	Homo sapiens	12-15
8360130-13	1993	Monotherapy with either ceftazidime (2 g bid) or imipenem/cilastatin (0.5 g qid) is safe and effective and could be considered as an alternative to combination therapy for the treatment of serious hospital-acquired infections.	Ceftazidime	24-35	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	41-44
8486571-9	1993	However, for both cefuroxime and ceftazidime-treated cultures, low-dose treatment resulted in significantly higher production of TNF.	Ceftazidime	33-44	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	129-132
8517725-1	1993	Klebsiella pneumoniae NU2936 was isolated from a patient and was found to produce a plasmid-encoded beta-lactamase (MOX-1) which conferred resistance to broad spectrum beta-lactams, including moxalactam, flomoxef, ceftizoxime, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	243-254	beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	100-114
8517725-1	1993	Klebsiella pneumoniae NU2936 was isolated from a patient and was found to produce a plasmid-encoded beta-lactamase (MOX-1) which conferred resistance to broad spectrum beta-lactams, including moxalactam, flomoxef, ceftizoxime, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	243-254	mesenchyme homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	116-121
8331207-4	1993	After intravenous administration, the pharmacokinetic parameters of ceftazidime were: elimination plasma half-life (t1/2 beta) = 24.6 +/- 4.6 hours; apparent volume of distribution (V(area)): 0.37 +/- 0.09 1/kg, total plasma clearance (CL): 11.9 +/- 3.3 mL/minute, peritoneal clearance (CLp): 1.7 +/- 0.3 mL/minute.	Ceftazidime	68-79	interleukin 1 receptor like 1	Homo sapiens	116-125
8331207-4	1993	After intravenous administration, the pharmacokinetic parameters of ceftazidime were: elimination plasma half-life (t1/2 beta) = 24.6 +/- 4.6 hours; apparent volume of distribution (V(area)): 0.37 +/- 0.09 1/kg, total plasma clearance (CL): 11.9 +/- 3.3 mL/minute, peritoneal clearance (CLp): 1.7 +/- 0.3 mL/minute.	Ceftazidime	68-79	calmodulin like 3	Homo sapiens	236-238
8331207-4	1993	After intravenous administration, the pharmacokinetic parameters of ceftazidime were: elimination plasma half-life (t1/2 beta) = 24.6 +/- 4.6 hours; apparent volume of distribution (V(area)): 0.37 +/- 0.09 1/kg, total plasma clearance (CL): 11.9 +/- 3.3 mL/minute, peritoneal clearance (CLp): 1.7 +/- 0.3 mL/minute.	Ceftazidime	68-79	calmodulin like 3	Homo sapiens	287-290
8486571-10	1993	The differences in TNF production between these antibiotics could be explained by the production of filaments following treatment with cefuroxime, aztreonam and low-dose ceftazidime, resulting in late bacterial lysis with high levels of endotoxin, whereas treatment with imipenem or high-dose ceftazidime resulted in the formation of spheroplasts, resulting in early lysis of the bacteria and much lower levels of endotoxin.	Ceftazidime	170-181	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	19-22
8486571-10	1993	The differences in TNF production between these antibiotics could be explained by the production of filaments following treatment with cefuroxime, aztreonam and low-dose ceftazidime, resulting in late bacterial lysis with high levels of endotoxin, whereas treatment with imipenem or high-dose ceftazidime resulted in the formation of spheroplasts, resulting in early lysis of the bacteria and much lower levels of endotoxin.	Ceftazidime	293-304	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	19-22
8380814-4	1993	Protection against myeloperoxidase and H2O2 was also observed with the thioether-containing antibiotics, ticarcillin and ceftazidime, but at higher concentrations than with the aminoglycosides.	Ceftazidime	121-132	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	19-34
1590704-4	1992	We found that the beta-lactamase activity increased to high levels in sputum from patients with CF during the course of piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefsulodin, or imipenem therapy.	Ceftazidime	134-145	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	18-32
1583320-1	1992	The relative effects of two beta-lactam antibiotics, penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2-specific imipenem and PBP 3-specific ceftazidime, upon in vitro induction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) release were investigated against smooth- and rough-LPS mutant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	Ceftazidime	125-136	dedicator of cyto-kinesis 3	Mus musculus	110-113
1583320-2	1992	Free LPS liberated from both isolates are 10- to 40-fold higher for ceftazidime-exposed cultures than control or imipenem-treated cultures after 4-8 h at 35 degrees C despite equivalent MICs.	Ceftazidime	68-79	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	5-8
1583320-4	1992	Sub-MIC levels of ceftazidime induced filamentation and LPS release without significant bacterial lysis.	Ceftazidime	18-29	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	56-59
1583320-6	1992	Sub-MIC levels of imipenem released relatively small amounts of free LPS while reducing colony counts approximately 2 logs more than equivalent amounts of ceftazidime after 2 h. Data suggest that ceftazidime-induced filamentation releases larger quantities of bioreactive LPS than nonfilamentous fast-lysing imipenem.	Ceftazidime	196-207	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	69-72
1583320-6	1992	Sub-MIC levels of imipenem released relatively small amounts of free LPS while reducing colony counts approximately 2 logs more than equivalent amounts of ceftazidime after 2 h. Data suggest that ceftazidime-induced filamentation releases larger quantities of bioreactive LPS than nonfilamentous fast-lysing imipenem.	Ceftazidime	196-207	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	272-275
1384868-5	1992	In the ELISA inhibition test, Az-1 and Az-2 were inhibited from binding to aztreonam-HSA by aztreonam, ceftazidime, aztreonam hydrolysate, aztreonam-epsilon-amino-n-caproic acid (EACA) and ceftazidime-EACA.	Ceftazidime	103-114	centrosomal protein 131	Homo sapiens	30-34
1384868-5	1992	In the ELISA inhibition test, Az-1 and Az-2 were inhibited from binding to aztreonam-HSA by aztreonam, ceftazidime, aztreonam hydrolysate, aztreonam-epsilon-amino-n-caproic acid (EACA) and ceftazidime-EACA.	Ceftazidime	103-114	ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2	Homo sapiens	39-43
1384868-3	1992	In ELISA, Az-1 and Az-2 reacted only with aztreonam and ceftazidime, which have the same acyl side chain.	Ceftazidime	56-67	centrosomal protein 131	Homo sapiens	10-23
1384868-9	1992	Furthermore, the MAb showed no inhibitory reaction with various beta-lactams except aztreonam- and ceftazidime-EACA conjugates in the ELISA inhibition test, suggesting that Az-3 recognize a new antigenic determinant (NAD), which is formed by the conjugation of beta-lactam and carrier protein.	Ceftazidime	99-110	ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 3	Homo sapiens	173-177
1894940-7	1991	Ceftazidime, aztreonam, and cefotaxime killed E. coli at a slower rate and were associated with significant increases in mononuclear cell TNF responses.	Ceftazidime	0-11	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	138-141
34854060-14	2022	All OXA-48 producers were susceptible to CAZ/AVI and plazomicin.	Ceftazidime	41-44	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	4-10
2289997-6	1990	For ceftazidime and ceftriaxone similar changes of t1/2 and Vd are observed.	Ceftazidime	4-15	interleukin 1 receptor like 1	Homo sapiens	51-62
34935416-1	2021	Recently, various blaKPC-2 variants resistant to ceftazidime-avibactam have begun to emerge in clinical settings, but it is unclear which testing method is most appropriate for detecting these variants.	Ceftazidime	49-60	KPC-2 protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	18-26
34935448-7	2021	Kinetic parameters showed that KPC-71, compared to wild-type KPC-2, exhibited a lower (~13-fold) Km with ceftazidime and a higher (~14-fold) 50% inhibitory concentration with avibactam.	Ceftazidime	105-116	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	61-66
34984104-5	2022	The isolates were screened for ESBL production by the double-disk synergy test using Ceftazidime (30 mug) and Cefotaxime (30 mug) disks and confirmed by combined disk diffusion test using Clavulanic acid.	Ceftazidime	85-96	EsbL	Escherichia coli	31-35
34882368-15	2021	Finally, boronic acid test using 600 mug/mL PBA with 30microg ceftazidime, as phenotypic method for detecting AmpC beta- lactamases, was ranked very good for marking negative tests.	Ceftazidime	62-73	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	110-114
34747363-10	2021	The mutations both on the KPC-3 enzyme and in the porins confirmed, that diverse mechanisms confer resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam in K. pneumoniae.	Ceftazidime	113-124	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	26-31
34827256-0	2021	In-Vitro Selection of Ceftazidime/Avibactam Resistance in OXA-48-Like-Expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Fitness, Genetic Basis and Activities of beta-Lactam Plus Novel beta-Lactamase Inhibitor or beta-Lactam Enhancer Combinations.	Ceftazidime	22-33	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	58-64
34538993-6	2021	Upon testing the binding score with SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein it was revealed that 4c exhibited the highest score (-7.22 kcal/mol) compared to the reference antibacterial drug Ceftazidime (-6.36 kcal/mol).	Ceftazidime	175-186	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	47-52
34827256-1	2021	Ceftazidime/avibactam uniquely demonstrates activity against both KPC and OXA-48-like carbapenemase-expressing Enterobacterales.	Ceftazidime	0-11	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	74-80
34827256-9	2021	The present work revealed the possibility of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in OXA-48-like K. pneumoniae through mutations in proteins involved in efflux and/or porins without concomitant fitness cost mandating astute monitoring of ceftazidime/avibactam resistance among OXA-48 genotypes.	Ceftazidime	45-56	OXA-48	Klebsiella pneumoniae	81-87
34827216-14	2021	Both ceftazidime and cefepime showed very good inhibitory activity towards SARS CoV-2"s Mpro, with IC50 values of 1.81 microM and 8.53 microM, respectively.	Ceftazidime	5-16	NEWENTRY	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus	88-92
34354959-0	2021	Acquisition of a Stable and Transferable bla NDM-5-Positive Plasmid With Low Fitness Cost Leading to Ceftazidime/Avibactam Resistance in KPC-2-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae During Treatment.	Ceftazidime	101-112	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	137-142
34430873-10	2021	Conclusions: Hyperproduction of chromosomal AmpC appears to be the most common mechanism of resistance to ceftazidime and/or cefepime in E. cloacae and C. freundii.	Ceftazidime	106-117	beta lactamase DHA-1	Citrobacter freundii	44-48
34408414-9	2021	Results: The nanofibrous fixators released vancomycin, ceftazidime, and lidocaine in a sustained manner under both in vitro and in vivo conditions and protected BMP-2 from burst release.	Ceftazidime	55-66	bone morphogenetic protein 2	Homo sapiens	161-166
34354959-14	2021	Our study described the acquisition of a bla NDM-5-harboring plasmid leading to resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam in KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae during treatment.	Ceftazidime	94-105	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	119-124
34184916-8	2021	With respect to antibiotic resistance, we discovered that a combination of mutations in pathoadaptive genes (phoQ and bigR) and two other genes encoding regulatory proteins (spoT and cpxA) were associated with increased resistance to meropenem and ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	248-259	cell adhesion molecule 3	Homo sapiens	118-122
34795702-10	2021	Fifty-four isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli showed a high level of resistance to amoxicillin clavulanic acid (83.3%), ciprofloxacin (83.3%), and ceftazidime (79.6%).	Ceftazidime	147-158	EsbL	Escherichia coli	23-27
34112764-0	2021	Correction To: Ceftazidime is a potential drug to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro by blocking spike protein-ACE2 interaction.	Ceftazidime	15-26	surface glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2	100-105
34112764-0	2021	Correction To: Ceftazidime is a potential drug to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro by blocking spike protein-ACE2 interaction.	Ceftazidime	15-26	angiotensin converting enzyme 2	Homo sapiens	114-118
35461077-0	2022	Emergence of ceftazidime-avibactam resistance due to a novel blaKPC-2 mutation during treatment of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections.	Ceftazidime	13-24	KPC-2 protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	61-69
35588280-4	2022	In contrast with blaKPC-2, the emergent mutations within the Omega-loop conferred high-level resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam with a sharp reduction of carbapenemase activity.	Ceftazidime	107-118	KPC-2 protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	17-25
35588280-7	2022	Such blaKPC-2 variants first appeared after 9 to 18 days of ceftazidime-avibactam usage, but the lack of its feasible detection method often led to the assumption of ceftazidime-avibactam sensitivity resulting in clinical incorrect usage.	Ceftazidime	60-71	KPC-2 protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	5-13
35588280-7	2022	Such blaKPC-2 variants first appeared after 9 to 18 days of ceftazidime-avibactam usage, but the lack of its feasible detection method often led to the assumption of ceftazidime-avibactam sensitivity resulting in clinical incorrect usage.	Ceftazidime	166-177	KPC-2 protein	Klebsiella pneumoniae	5-13
32427286-0	2021	Efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam plus aztreonam in patients with bloodstream infections caused by MBL- producing Enterobacterales.	Ceftazidime	12-23	mannose-binding lectin family member 3, pseudogene	Homo sapiens	99-102
34189161-2	2021	The sequencing of a target region showed that it harbored a KPC-3 variant enzyme (D179Y; KPC-31), which confers resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam and restores meropenem susceptibility.	Ceftazidime	126-137	KPC-3	Klebsiella pneumoniae	60-65
35613352-9	2022	The isolates belonged to 17 different STs, including 5 new STs; ST4 was the most prevalent ST. Resistance to ceftazidime was observed in 60% of strains, to ticarcillin-clavulanate - in 32%, to levofloxacin - in 24%, to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole - in 12% of strains.	Ceftazidime	109-120	ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 4	Homo sapiens	64-67
35613352-11	2022	All ST4 isolates were resistant or intermediate to ceftazidime and ticarcillin-clavulanate.	Ceftazidime	51-62	ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 4	Homo sapiens	4-7
35563520-0	2022	Pharmacologic Tumor PDL1 Depletion with Cefepime or Ceftazidime Promotes DNA Damage and Sensitivity to DNA-Damaging Agents.	Ceftazidime	52-63	CD274 antigen	Mus musculus	20-24
35311523-2	2022	Herein, the basis of susceptibility to carbapenems and resistance to ceftazidime (CAZ) and CZA of the D179Y variant of KPC-2 and -3 was explored.	Ceftazidime	69-80	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	119-131
35311523-2	2022	Herein, the basis of susceptibility to carbapenems and resistance to ceftazidime (CAZ) and CZA of the D179Y variant of KPC-2 and -3 was explored.	Ceftazidime	82-85	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	119-131
35341315-3	2022	To gain insights into ceftazidime-avibactam resistance conferred by D179N/Y variants of KPC-2, crystal structures of these variants were determined.	Ceftazidime	22-33	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	88-93
35341315-8	2022	We postulate that the KPC-2 variants can accommodate ceftazidime because the Omega loop is displaced in D179Y or can be more readily displaced in D179N KPC-2.	Ceftazidime	53-64	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	22-27
35341315-8	2022	We postulate that the KPC-2 variants can accommodate ceftazidime because the Omega loop is displaced in D179Y or can be more readily displaced in D179N KPC-2.	Ceftazidime	53-64	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	152-157
35341315-10	2022	Overall, the structural results regarding KPC-2 D179 variants revealed various degrees of destabilization of the Omega loop that contribute to ceftazidime-avibactam resistance, possible substrate-assisted catalysis of ceftazidime, and meropenem and meropenem-vaborbactam susceptibility.	Ceftazidime	143-154	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	42-47
35341315-10	2022	Overall, the structural results regarding KPC-2 D179 variants revealed various degrees of destabilization of the Omega loop that contribute to ceftazidime-avibactam resistance, possible substrate-assisted catalysis of ceftazidime, and meropenem and meropenem-vaborbactam susceptibility.	Ceftazidime	218-229	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	42-47
35203733-10	2022	Co-resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam and ceftolozane-tazobactam correlated with the presence of blaVEB-9, blaPDC-35, blaVIM-2, blaOXA-10 and blaOXA-488.	Ceftazidime	17-28	VIM-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	119-127
35309213-9	2022	Ceftazidime and imipenem by combining avibactam (4 mug/mL) significantly decreased the MIC90 values more than 16-fold than ceftazidime and imipenem alone against Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-2-producing K. pneumoniae.	Ceftazidime	0-11	carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-2	Klebsiella pneumoniae	162-205
35019685-16	2022	The newly available beta-lactam combination agent ceftazidime-avibactam has been demonstrated good in vitro and in vivo activity against ESBL, AmpC, KPC-2, or OXA-48-like-producing isolates and has shown promise in treating carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections.	Ceftazidime	50-61	EsbL	Escherichia coli	137-141
35019685-16	2022	The newly available beta-lactam combination agent ceftazidime-avibactam has been demonstrated good in vitro and in vivo activity against ESBL, AmpC, KPC-2, or OXA-48-like-producing isolates and has shown promise in treating carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections.	Ceftazidime	50-61	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	143-147
35019685-16	2022	The newly available beta-lactam combination agent ceftazidime-avibactam has been demonstrated good in vitro and in vivo activity against ESBL, AmpC, KPC-2, or OXA-48-like-producing isolates and has shown promise in treating carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections.	Ceftazidime	50-61	KPC-2	Escherichia coli	149-154
35131508-1	2022	BACKGROUND: In response to infection with New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM) producing Enterobacterales, combination antimicrobial therapy with ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) plus aztreonam (ATM) has been explored.	Ceftazidime	148-159	ATM serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	196-199
35190875-0	2022	Molecular recognition and binding of CcrA from Bacteroides fragilis with cefotaxime and ceftazidime by fluorescence spectra and molecular docking.	Ceftazidime	88-99	cfiA	Bacteroides fragilis	37-41
35190875-1	2022	In search of new super-bacterial inhibitor agents, the recognition and binding mechanism of the B1 subclass MbetaL CcrA from Bacteroides fragilis with cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftazidime (CAZ) were studied using spectroscopy analysis and molecular docking.	Ceftazidime	172-183	cfiA	Bacteroides fragilis	115-119
35190875-1	2022	In search of new super-bacterial inhibitor agents, the recognition and binding mechanism of the B1 subclass MbetaL CcrA from Bacteroides fragilis with cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftazidime (CAZ) were studied using spectroscopy analysis and molecular docking.	Ceftazidime	185-188	cfiA	Bacteroides fragilis	115-119
35190875-2	2022	The results showed that the fluorescence quenching of CcrA induced by CTX and CAZ were all due to the complex formation, which belonged to static quenching and was forced by hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces, despite the greater binding ability of CTX with CcrA than CAZ.	Ceftazidime	78-81	cfiA	Bacteroides fragilis	54-58
35190875-2	2022	The results showed that the fluorescence quenching of CcrA induced by CTX and CAZ were all due to the complex formation, which belonged to static quenching and was forced by hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces, despite the greater binding ability of CTX with CcrA than CAZ.	Ceftazidime	78-81	cfiA	Bacteroides fragilis	263-267
35190875-2	2022	The results showed that the fluorescence quenching of CcrA induced by CTX and CAZ were all due to the complex formation, which belonged to static quenching and was forced by hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces, despite the greater binding ability of CTX with CcrA than CAZ.	Ceftazidime	273-276	cfiA	Bacteroides fragilis	54-58
35190875-4	2022	In addition, the whole antibiotic molecule ultimately entered the active pocket of CcrA with its original carbonate replaced by the carboxyl oxygen of the hexatomic ring adjacent to the beta-lactam ring in CTX or CAZ, forming a new tetrahedral coordination structure at the Zn2 site.	Ceftazidime	213-216	cfiA	Bacteroides fragilis	83-87
2692515-4	1989	The beta-lactamase efficiently hydrolyzed cefotaxime and ceftriaxone but only moderately hydrolyzed ceftazidime and was inhibited by clavulanate and sulbactam (1 microM) and by anti-TEM-1 and anti-TEM-2 sera.	Ceftazidime	100-111	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	182-187
34991848-9	2022	Moreover, LPC+imipenem and LPC+ceftazidime significantly decreased and increased the TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels, respectively, in comparison with the untreated controls and monotherapies.	Ceftazidime	31-42	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	85-94
34991848-9	2022	Moreover, LPC+imipenem and LPC+ceftazidime significantly decreased and increased the TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels, respectively, in comparison with the untreated controls and monotherapies.	Ceftazidime	31-42	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	99-104
2613337-5	1989	Although all the extended broad spectrum enzymes described above hydrolyzed cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam, the four enzymes could be easily differentiated: TEM-3 hydrolyzed cefotaxime preferentially, TEM-5 and RHH-1 hydrolyzed ceftazidime approximately three times faster than cefotaxime, whereas TEM-10 hydrolyzed ceftazidime 42 times faster than cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	88-99	plexin domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	164-169
2613337-5	1989	Although all the extended broad spectrum enzymes described above hydrolyzed cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam, the four enzymes could be easily differentiated: TEM-3 hydrolyzed cefotaxime preferentially, TEM-5 and RHH-1 hydrolyzed ceftazidime approximately three times faster than cefotaxime, whereas TEM-10 hydrolyzed ceftazidime 42 times faster than cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	88-99	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor A2	Homo sapiens	208-213
2613337-5	1989	Although all the extended broad spectrum enzymes described above hydrolyzed cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam, the four enzymes could be easily differentiated: TEM-3 hydrolyzed cefotaxime preferentially, TEM-5 and RHH-1 hydrolyzed ceftazidime approximately three times faster than cefotaxime, whereas TEM-10 hydrolyzed ceftazidime 42 times faster than cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	235-246	plexin domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	164-169
2675731-2	1989	Ceftazidime is very active against Pseudomonas species and provides penetration into the CSF.	Ceftazidime	0-11	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	89-92
2613337-5	1989	Although all the extended broad spectrum enzymes described above hydrolyzed cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam, the four enzymes could be easily differentiated: TEM-3 hydrolyzed cefotaxime preferentially, TEM-5 and RHH-1 hydrolyzed ceftazidime approximately three times faster than cefotaxime, whereas TEM-10 hydrolyzed ceftazidime 42 times faster than cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	235-246	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor A2	Homo sapiens	208-213
2613337-5	1989	Although all the extended broad spectrum enzymes described above hydrolyzed cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam, the four enzymes could be easily differentiated: TEM-3 hydrolyzed cefotaxime preferentially, TEM-5 and RHH-1 hydrolyzed ceftazidime approximately three times faster than cefotaxime, whereas TEM-10 hydrolyzed ceftazidime 42 times faster than cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	235-246	plexin domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	164-169
2613337-5	1989	Although all the extended broad spectrum enzymes described above hydrolyzed cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam, the four enzymes could be easily differentiated: TEM-3 hydrolyzed cefotaxime preferentially, TEM-5 and RHH-1 hydrolyzed ceftazidime approximately three times faster than cefotaxime, whereas TEM-10 hydrolyzed ceftazidime 42 times faster than cefotaxime.	Ceftazidime	235-246	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor A2	Homo sapiens	208-213
2679370-9	1989	Killing kinetics showed that against some strains CP-65,207 is rapidly bactericidal at concentrations well below those required to achieve a similar degree of killing with cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone.	Ceftazidime	184-195	hypothetical protein	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	50-59
2663518-4	1989	Ceftazidime CSF concentrations ranged from 2.5 to 17 mg/l, which should be sufficient for treatment of infections with group B streptococci and most aerobic gram-negative bacilli but not all strains of Staphylococcus aureus.	Ceftazidime	0-11	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	12-15
2676935-0	1989	Mutants of the TEM-1 beta-lactamase conferring resistance to ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	61-72	TEM-1 beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	15-35
2676935-1	1989	Spontaneous ceftazidime resistant mutants were obtained from an Escherichia coli K12 J62-2 expressing the TEM-1 beta-lactamase (mutation frequency = 10(-9).	Ceftazidime	12-23	TEM-1 beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	106-126
2506109-0	1989	Substitution of serine for arginine in position 162 of TEM-type beta-lactamases extends the substrate profile of mutant enzymes, TEM-7 and TEM-101, to ceftazidime and aztreonam.	Ceftazidime	151-162	plexin domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	129-134
2508041-2	1989	Synergistic association (defined as FIC index less than ou = 0.5) was founded for 23 to 41% of strains with beta lactams (except imipenem)/aminoglycosides, in 18% with ceftazidime/ciprofloxacin, in 13% with imipenem/ciprofloxacin, in 0 or 13% with quinolones/aminoglycosides.	Ceftazidime	168-179	C-C motif chemokine ligand 7	Homo sapiens	36-39
2508041-3	1989	For a FIC index less than ou = 0.75, the values are highest with 82% for ciprofloxacin/ceftazidime and 50% for ofloxacin/ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	87-98	C-C motif chemokine ligand 7	Homo sapiens	6-9
2508041-3	1989	For a FIC index less than ou = 0.75, the values are highest with 82% for ciprofloxacin/ceftazidime and 50% for ofloxacin/ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	121-132	C-C motif chemokine ligand 7	Homo sapiens	6-9
2506109-1	1989	TEM-7 is a novel broad-spectrum beta-lactamase (Bla), selected in vivo, with a resistance profile similar to that of TEM-1 and TEM-2, but extended to ceftazidime (Caz) and aztreonam.	Ceftazidime	150-161	plexin domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
2506109-1	1989	TEM-7 is a novel broad-spectrum beta-lactamase (Bla), selected in vivo, with a resistance profile similar to that of TEM-1 and TEM-2, but extended to ceftazidime (Caz) and aztreonam.	Ceftazidime	163-166	plexin domain containing 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
2550326-2	1989	The TEM-4 enzyme, which confers high-level resistance to cefotaxime (Ctx) and ceftazidime (Caz), differed from the TEM-1 penicillinase by four amino acid substitutions.	Ceftazidime	78-89	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 17	Homo sapiens	4-9
2973584-4	1988	Ceftazidime CSF kinetic properties are adequate for use of this compound in patients with meningitis due to susceptible organisms.	Ceftazidime	0-11	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	12-15
2550326-2	1989	The TEM-4 enzyme, which confers high-level resistance to cefotaxime (Ctx) and ceftazidime (Caz), differed from the TEM-1 penicillinase by four amino acid substitutions.	Ceftazidime	78-89	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	115-120
2550326-2	1989	The TEM-4 enzyme, which confers high-level resistance to cefotaxime (Ctx) and ceftazidime (Caz), differed from the TEM-1 penicillinase by four amino acid substitutions.	Ceftazidime	91-94	Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 17	Homo sapiens	4-9
2550326-2	1989	The TEM-4 enzyme, which confers high-level resistance to cefotaxime (Ctx) and ceftazidime (Caz), differed from the TEM-1 penicillinase by four amino acid substitutions.	Ceftazidime	91-94	CD248 molecule	Homo sapiens	115-120
3145870-0	1988	In vitro interaction between the penem FCE 22101 and ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	53-64	ferrochelatase	Homo sapiens	39-42
3145870-3	1988	FCE 22101 antagonized the in vitro activity of ceftazidime against enteric bacilli that commonly produce inducible enzymes.	Ceftazidime	47-58	ferrochelatase	Homo sapiens	0-3
2700319-4	1989	PIT-2/SHV-1 had poor hydrolytic activity against the third-generation cephalosporins, SHV-2 was markedly active against cefotaxime and related compounds, whereas the new enzyme, which was also active against these cephalosporins, had a noticeably greater activity against ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	272-283	solute carrier family 20 member 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
2973590-2	1988	Among these compounds, ceftazidime has a particularly wide antibacterial spectrum, and clinical results have confirmed its superiority, notably in the treatment of meningitis caused by Pseudomonas spp.	Ceftazidime	23-34	histocompatibility minor 13	Homo sapiens	197-200
3143575-9	1988	Two Escherichia coli strains that overproduced chromosomal beta-lactamase had increased ceftazidime MIC values (8-16 micrograms/ml).	Ceftazidime	88-99	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	59-73
3069478-7	1988	The mean ceftazidime elimination half-life, apparent volume of distribution and total clearance were: 2.7 h, 30.91 (0.38 1.kg-1) and 139 ml.min-1, respectively.	Ceftazidime	9-20	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	140-145
3144525-0	1988	In-vitro and in-vivo bacterocodal interactions of clindamycin and ceftazidime, by non-beta-lactamase mechanisms, in experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa endocarditis caused by a constitutive beta-lactamase overproducing strain.	Ceftazidime	66-77	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	190-204
3069478-8	1988	A linear correlation was found between creatinine clearance and the renal clearance of the ceftazidime, the mean values being 108 and 95 ml.min-1, respectively.	Ceftazidime	91-102	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	140-145
6376458-1	1984	In an infant rat model of Haemophilus influenzae, type b meningitis, where treatment was given 24 and 48 h after infection, the dose of ceftazidime required to eradicate the infection from the CSF of half the animals (CD50) ranged from less than 0.15-1.5 mg/kg/dose.	Ceftazidime	136-147	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	193-196
3428136-5	1987	Ceftazidime and cefsulodin are highly active, particularly against Pseudomonas spp., thus offering new therapeutic possibilities in life-threatening infections due to these bacteria.	Ceftazidime	0-11	histocompatibility minor 13	Homo sapiens	79-82
3523458-5	1986	The mean ceftazidime CSF concentration was 6.7 micrograms/ml at approximately 2 hours following iv infusions.	Ceftazidime	9-20	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	21-24
6391885-4	1984	In two other patients who had inflammatory cells and blood in the CSF, concentrations of ceftazidime in ventricular fluid demonstrated a slow rise and decline over an eight-hour period.	Ceftazidime	89-100	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	66-69
3104483-2	1987	For E. cloacae, pre-incubation with ceftriaxone, cefoxitin, cefamandole, cefoperazone, or imipenem produced significantly larger amounts of beta-lactamase than did pre-incubation with moxalactam, clavulanate, ceftazidime, or aztreonam.	Ceftazidime	209-220	Beta lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	140-154
3530224-5	1986	The occurrence of subsequent aural drainage was compared with the actual clinical and microbiological conditions of the ears 2 months after the operation; statistically significant differences were found in favor of the group treated with ceftazidime.	Ceftazidime	239-250	glutamyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	120-126
3911882-3	1985	High production of cloned E. coli chromosomal beta-lactamase, however, provided resistance to cefamandole, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam but not to BMY-28142 or imipenem.	Ceftazidime	130-141	beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	46-60
6376458-6	1984	Ceftazidime penetrated into the CSF of infected and uninfected rats slightly better than ampicillin--7.3% compared to 4.0% of the corresponding blood levels respectively.	Ceftazidime	0-11	colony stimulating factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-35
6597564-6	1984	Ceftazidime and temocillin are more long-lasting with a t1/2 of 4-6 hours and ceftriaxone of 8-10 h. These values relate to patients with normal renal function.	Ceftazidime	0-11	interleukin 1 receptor like 1	Homo sapiens	56-67
6376860-4	1984	After intravenous administration of CAZ in doses ranging from 35.7 to 50 mg/kg, CSF concentrations ranged from N.D. to 6.3 micrograms/ml in 3 patients with purulent meningitis, although 19 micrograms/ml at 1 hour and 13 micrograms/ml at 2 hours in 1 patient after intravenous administration of 46.7 mg/kg.	Ceftazidime	36-39	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	80-83
19803009-7	1981	All the organisms were susceptible to ceftazidime (mean MIC 1.72 mg/l).	Ceftazidime	38-49	growth differentiation factor 15	Homo sapiens	56-61
6413485-1	1983	The competition of a new aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, ceftazidime, for the penicillin-binding proteins (PBP"s) of Escherichia coli K12, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus has been studied.	Ceftazidime	55-66	phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1	Mus musculus	105-108
6413485-7	1983	aureus ceftazidime showed high affinity for PBP-1, -2 and less affinity for PBP-3.	Ceftazidime	7-18	phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1	Mus musculus	44-47
6413485-7	1983	aureus ceftazidime showed high affinity for PBP-1, -2 and less affinity for PBP-3.	Ceftazidime	7-18	phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1	Mus musculus	76-79
6413485-9	1983	aeruginosa, ceftazidime owes its good antibacterial activity to high affinity for PBP-3, the "essential" binding protein involved in cell division combined with favourable outer membrane penetration.	Ceftazidime	12-23	phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1	Mus musculus	82-85
6339415-3	1983	Ceftazidime displayed high stability against the beta-lactamase-producing strains with a low MBC:MIC ratio.	Ceftazidime	0-11	beta-lactamase TEM-1	Haemophilus influenzae	49-63
19810169-4	1981	Both ceftazidime and ceftriaxone were highly active against beta-lactamase producing and non-beta-lactamase producing Haemophilus influenzae.	Ceftazidime	5-16	beta-lactamase TEM-1	Haemophilus influenzae	60-74
19810169-4	1981	Both ceftazidime and ceftriaxone were highly active against beta-lactamase producing and non-beta-lactamase producing Haemophilus influenzae.	Ceftazidime	5-16	beta-lactamase TEM-1	Haemophilus influenzae	93-107
6225764-1	1983	Thirty-five patients with mean age 70 years (range 22 to 92) with 37 proven episodes of septicaemia (26) or bacteraemia (11) were treated with a mean ceftazidime dose of 1.80 (range 1 to 2 g) bid for 12 (range 3 to 17) days.	Ceftazidime	150-161	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	192-195
6225764-12	1983	Therapy with ceftazidime 2 g bid seems to be successful in Gram-negative septicaemia; however, in patients with decreased renal function serum concentrations should be determined.	Ceftazidime	13-24	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	29-32