PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
8821625-1	1995	Humans and hominoid primates lack the enzyme urate oxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin.	Allantoin	106-115	urate oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	45-58
9487687-16	1998	The low uricase activities in sheep tissues appeared to explain the limited conversion of the intravenously administered [15N] uric acid to allantoin but did not explain the large quantities of allantoin excreted in urine (8.96 +/- 0.86 and 1.36 +/- 0.25 mmol d-1 for allantoin and uric acid, respectively).	Allantoin	140-149	uricase	Ovis aries	8-15
8895731-5	1996	To test whether H2O2 generated by other peroxisomal oxidases can also lead to transformation, a full-length cDNA encoding rat urate oxidase (UOX), which oxidizes uric acid to allantoin and in the process generates H2O2, was introduced into African green monkey kidney cells (CV-1 cells) under the control of constitutively active human peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase gene promoter.	Allantoin	175-184	urate oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	126-139
8895731-5	1996	To test whether H2O2 generated by other peroxisomal oxidases can also lead to transformation, a full-length cDNA encoding rat urate oxidase (UOX), which oxidizes uric acid to allantoin and in the process generates H2O2, was introduced into African green monkey kidney cells (CV-1 cells) under the control of constitutively active human peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase gene promoter.	Allantoin	175-184	urate oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	141-144
8462696-4	1993	Computer analysis showed that the isolated gene is identical to the one previously described as DAL7, which is involved in allantoin metabolism [Mol.	Allantoin	123-132	malate synthase DAL7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	96-100
8290593-1	1994	Urate oxidase, or uricase (EC 1.7.3.3), is a purine metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of uric acid to allantoin in most mammals except humans and certain other primates.	Allantoin	115-124	urate oxidase	Mus musculus	0-13
8290593-1	1994	Urate oxidase, or uricase (EC 1.7.3.3), is a purine metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of uric acid to allantoin in most mammals except humans and certain other primates.	Allantoin	115-124	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	18-25
35495677-1	2022	Uricase catalyzes the conversion of uric acid into allantoin with concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen to hydrogen peroxide.	Allantoin	51-60	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	0-7
1594592-1	1992	Urate oxidase (EC 1.7.3.3), which catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin, is present in most mammals but absent in humans and hominoid primates.	Allantoin	74-83	urate oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	0-13
1938916-1	1991	Expression of the DAL2, DAL4, DAL7, DUR1,2, and DUR3 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is induced by the presence of allophanate, the last intermediate of the allantoin degradative pathway.	Allantoin	159-168	allantoicase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-22
1938916-1	1991	Expression of the DAL2, DAL4, DAL7, DUR1,2, and DUR3 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is induced by the presence of allophanate, the last intermediate of the allantoin degradative pathway.	Allantoin	159-168	allantoin permease	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-28
1938916-1	1991	Expression of the DAL2, DAL4, DAL7, DUR1,2, and DUR3 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is induced by the presence of allophanate, the last intermediate of the allantoin degradative pathway.	Allantoin	159-168	malate synthase DAL7	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	30-34
1938916-1	1991	Expression of the DAL2, DAL4, DAL7, DUR1,2, and DUR3 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is induced by the presence of allophanate, the last intermediate of the allantoin degradative pathway.	Allantoin	159-168	Dur3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-52
34760013-4	2021	Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the role of allantoin on the oxidative stress and SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway in a mouse model of NASH.	Allantoin	54-63	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	92-97
34760013-4	2021	Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the role of allantoin on the oxidative stress and SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway in a mouse model of NASH.	Allantoin	54-63	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	98-102
34760013-11	2021	However, allantoin-treatment decreased serum cholesterol, ALT, and AST.	Allantoin	9-18	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	58-61
34760013-11	2021	However, allantoin-treatment decreased serum cholesterol, ALT, and AST.	Allantoin	9-18	transmembrane protease, serine 11d	Mus musculus	67-70
34760013-14	2021	Conclusion and implications: It seems that the antioxidant effects of allantoin might have resulted from the activation of SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway and increase of cellular antioxidant power.	Allantoin	70-79	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	123-128
34760013-14	2021	Conclusion and implications: It seems that the antioxidant effects of allantoin might have resulted from the activation of SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway and increase of cellular antioxidant power.	Allantoin	70-79	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	129-133
35246462-8	2022	Consistently, allantoin, a metabolite of uric acid generated in the liver, was increased in the liver of E4bp4 -/-  mice.	Allantoin	14-23	nuclear factor, interleukin 3, regulated	Mus musculus	105-110
1318679-6	1992	Rats pretreated with the adenosine deaminase inhibitor deoxycoformycin excreted more ara-MAP and much less ara-H and allantoin.	Allantoin	117-126	adenosine deaminase	Rattus norvegicus	25-44
16662921-9	1983	These data suggest that peroxisomes, containing uricase and catalase for conversion of uric acid to allantoin, are present only in the uninfected cells of soybean nodules.	Allantoin	100-109	catalase-3	Glycine max	60-68
35127558-7	2021	The rescue of IR in vancomycin-treated iNOS-/- mice was accompanied with the changes in select serum metabolites such as 10-hydroxydecanoate, indole-3-ethanol, allantoin, hippurate, sebacic acid, aminoadipate, and ophthalmate, along with improvement in phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine (PE/PC) ratio.	Allantoin	160-169	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	39-43
3192041-1	1988	Uricase is a peroxisomal liver enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin during purine catabolism.	Allantoin	83-92	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	0-7
3194410-1	1988	Urate oxidase (UOxase; urate:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.7.3.3), which catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin, is present in most mammals but is absent in humans and certain primates.	Allantoin	111-120	urate oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	0-13
3169035-3	1988	These hepatocytes contain two liver-specific proteins: carbamyl phosphate synthetase I, a mitochondrial matrix protein that participates in the conversion of ammonia to carbamyl phosphate; and urate oxidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin.	Allantoin	263-272	urate oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	193-206
35276896-7	2022	Metabolomic analysis identified distinct metabolic profiles driven by allantoin (VIP score = 2.85, PS 2.3-fold higher), a catabolic product of uric acid.	Allantoin	70-79	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	81-84
2594778-1	1989	Urate oxidase, or uricase (EC 1.7.3.3), is a peroxisomal enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin in most mammals.	Allantoin	109-118	urate oxidase	Sus scrofa	0-13
2594778-1	1989	Urate oxidase, or uricase (EC 1.7.3.3), is a peroxisomal enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to allantoin in most mammals.	Allantoin	109-118	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	18-25
36153-1	1979	Uricase (urate:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.7.3.3) exposes a positional and steric specificity in the enzymic conversion of urate to allantoin.	Allantoin	132-141	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	0-7
7363876-5	1980	Hypoxanthine can be oxidized further to uric acid by xanthine oxidase or to allantoin by xanthine oxidase and uricase.	Allantoin	76-85	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	110-117
36153-1	1979	Uricase (urate:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.7.3.3) exposes a positional and steric specificity in the enzymic conversion of urate to allantoin.	Allantoin	132-141	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	9-36
33601190-1	2021	INTRODUCTION: Pegloticase is a recombinant PEGylated uricase that converts relatively insoluble urate to highly water-soluble allantoin, which is readily excreted by the kidneys.	Allantoin	126-135	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	53-60
488056-7	1979	The sensitivity of the method with xanthine as substrate can be doubled by the addition of uricase, which oxidizes uric acid to allantoin.	Allantoin	128-137	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	91-98
13809978-0	1960	Effect of corticotropin and growth hormone on allantoin synthesis and excretion in the dog.	Allantoin	46-55	somatotropin	Canis lupus familiaris	28-42
32720081-3	2020	Pegloticase, a recombinant uricase, converts uric acid to allantoin, a readily excreted molecule.	Allantoin	58-67	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	27-34
33639683-2	2021	Urate oxidase (UOX) that catalyzes the enzymatic oxidation of uric acid into allantoin, is effective in lowering plasma uric acid levels and controlling hyperuricemia.	Allantoin	77-86	urate oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
32380247-7	2020	Yam extract and allantoin significantly decreased high glucose and leptin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase levels and increased insulin and albumin levels in the plasma of mice.	Allantoin	16-25	leptin	Mus musculus	67-73
32916085-7	2020	A. persici increased allantoin via activation of innate immune signaling IMD pathway in the renal tubules.	Allantoin	21-30	immune deficiency	Drosophila melanogaster	73-76
32750647-7	2020	Allantoin reduced the accumulation of ROS by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and AsA content.	Allantoin	0-9	catalase	Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris	120-128
32750647-7	2020	Allantoin reduced the accumulation of ROS by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and AsA content.	Allantoin	0-9	catalase	Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris	130-133
32664862-5	2020	In this study, we found that B1L interacts with TRANSTHYRETIN-LIKE (TTL) protein, which is involved in brassinosteroid (BR)-mediated plant growth and catalyses the synthesis of S-allantoin, and both proteins participate in modulating plant growth and cold tolerance.	Allantoin	177-188	coiled coil protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	48-66
32664862-5	2020	In this study, we found that B1L interacts with TRANSTHYRETIN-LIKE (TTL) protein, which is involved in brassinosteroid (BR)-mediated plant growth and catalyses the synthesis of S-allantoin, and both proteins participate in modulating plant growth and cold tolerance.	Allantoin	177-188	coiled coil protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	68-71
32125649-0	2020	Allantoin, a Potential Metabolite That Promotes AMPK Phosphorylation and Suppresses Cholesterol Biosynthesis Via the Mevalonate Pathway and Bloch Pathway.	Allantoin	0-9	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
32452918-2	2020	In the evolutionary process, humans lost uricase, an enzyme that converts uric acid into allantoin, resulting in increased serum uric acid levels that may vary according to dietary ingestion, pathological conditions, and other factors.	Allantoin	89-98	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	41-48
32125649-5	2020	Molecular docking simulation showed that allantoin promoted the phosphorylation (activation) of adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) by lowering the substrate free energy of binding (FEB) and induced the formation of an additional hydrogen bond between Val184 and the substrate AMP.	Allantoin	41-50	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	96-136
32125649-5	2020	Molecular docking simulation showed that allantoin promoted the phosphorylation (activation) of adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) by lowering the substrate free energy of binding (FEB) and induced the formation of an additional hydrogen bond between Val184 and the substrate AMP.	Allantoin	41-50	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	138-142
32125649-6	2020	Allantoin also suppressed cholesterol biosynthesis by either inducing enzyme inhibition, occupying or blocking the putative binding site to result in non-spontaneous substrate binding, as in the cases of 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl-coA reductase (HMGCR), mevalonate kinase (MVK) and lanosterol demethylase (LDM) where positive FEBs were reported.	Allantoin	0-9	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Rattus norvegicus	204-242
32125649-6	2020	Allantoin also suppressed cholesterol biosynthesis by either inducing enzyme inhibition, occupying or blocking the putative binding site to result in non-spontaneous substrate binding, as in the cases of 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl-coA reductase (HMGCR), mevalonate kinase (MVK) and lanosterol demethylase (LDM) where positive FEBs were reported.	Allantoin	0-9	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase	Rattus norvegicus	244-249
32125649-6	2020	Allantoin also suppressed cholesterol biosynthesis by either inducing enzyme inhibition, occupying or blocking the putative binding site to result in non-spontaneous substrate binding, as in the cases of 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl-coA reductase (HMGCR), mevalonate kinase (MVK) and lanosterol demethylase (LDM) where positive FEBs were reported.	Allantoin	0-9	mevalonate kinase	Rattus norvegicus	252-269
32125649-6	2020	Allantoin also suppressed cholesterol biosynthesis by either inducing enzyme inhibition, occupying or blocking the putative binding site to result in non-spontaneous substrate binding, as in the cases of 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl-coA reductase (HMGCR), mevalonate kinase (MVK) and lanosterol demethylase (LDM) where positive FEBs were reported.	Allantoin	0-9	mevalonate kinase	Rattus norvegicus	271-274
32125649-7	2020	These results demonstrated the potential of allantoin to alleviate age-related hypercholesterolaemia by upregulating AMPK and downregulating cholesterol biosynthesis via the mevalonate pathway and Bloch pathway.	Allantoin	44-53	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	117-121
31862838-4	2020	AtUPS5 (Arabidopsis UREIDE PERMEASE 5) is a transmembrane protein that transports allantoin with high affinity when expressed in yeast.	Allantoin	82-91	ureide permease 5	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-6
31995668-9	2020	Urine GRP levels correlated with duration of NICU ventilatory and oxygen support and with biomarkers of oxidative stress: allantoin and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine.	Allantoin	122-131	gastrin releasing peptide	Homo sapiens	6-9
31862838-4	2020	AtUPS5 (Arabidopsis UREIDE PERMEASE 5) is a transmembrane protein that transports allantoin with high affinity when expressed in yeast.	Allantoin	82-91	ureide permease 5	Arabidopsis thaliana	20-37
32373294-10	2019	Results: Allantoin administration decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), hepatic lipid accumulation, and liver tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) level.	Allantoin	9-18	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	50-74
31747555-8	2020	The median serum allantoin concentration in the cohort was 2.8 muM (n = 71).	Allantoin	17-26	latexin	Homo sapiens	63-66
32373294-10	2019	Results: Allantoin administration decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), hepatic lipid accumulation, and liver tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) level.	Allantoin	9-18	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	76-79
32373294-10	2019	Results: Allantoin administration decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), hepatic lipid accumulation, and liver tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) level.	Allantoin	9-18	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	164-185
32373294-10	2019	Results: Allantoin administration decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), hepatic lipid accumulation, and liver tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) level.	Allantoin	9-18	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	187-195
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	heat shock protein 5	Mus musculus	69-97
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	heat shock protein 5	Mus musculus	99-104
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	activating transcription factor 6	Mus musculus	107-140
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	activating transcription factor 6	Mus musculus	142-146
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	149-157
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	159-204
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1	Mus musculus	206-213
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	fatty acid synthase	Mus musculus	216-235
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	fatty acid synthase	Mus musculus	237-240
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	243-246
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	247-251
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	caspase 3	Mus musculus	259-267
32373294-11	2019	Also, treatment with allantoin down-regulated the gene expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), activating transcription factor 6 (AFT6), TNFalpha, sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1c (SREBP1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase3, and P53.	Allantoin	21-30	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	273-276
32373294-12	2019	On the other hand, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and acetyl-coenzyme acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene expression increased after allantoin injection.	Allantoin	187-196	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	19-67
32373294-12	2019	On the other hand, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and acetyl-coenzyme acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene expression increased after allantoin injection.	Allantoin	187-196	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha	Mus musculus	69-78
32373294-12	2019	On the other hand, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and acetyl-coenzyme acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene expression increased after allantoin injection.	Allantoin	187-196	apolipoprotein B	Mus musculus	81-97
32373294-12	2019	On the other hand, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and acetyl-coenzyme acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene expression increased after allantoin injection.	Allantoin	187-196	acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	111-146
32373294-12	2019	On the other hand, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), and acetyl-coenzyme acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) gene expression increased after allantoin injection.	Allantoin	187-196	acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	148-153
30814579-5	2019	Cox regression analysis revealed that high plasma allantoin levels, including allantoin-to-uric acid ratio and high xanthine-to-hypoxanthine ratio were inversely and positively associated with T2D risk, respectively, independently of classical risk factors.	Allantoin	50-59	cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A	Homo sapiens	0-3
30890227-4	2019	Uricase is an efficient oxidase, which can oxidize uric acid to allantoin and hydrogen peroxide, to reduce the uric acid level.	Allantoin	64-73	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	0-7
30634585-2	2019	Urate oxidase (UOx) can oxidize uric acid to hydrogen peroxide and allantoin, which provides a good opportunity for electrochemical detection for UA.	Allantoin	67-76	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	0-13
30634585-2	2019	Urate oxidase (UOx) can oxidize uric acid to hydrogen peroxide and allantoin, which provides a good opportunity for electrochemical detection for UA.	Allantoin	67-76	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	15-18
30413758-7	2018	Our findings shed light on a key role of ABA3 in the ABA- and allantoin-independent accumulation of anthocyanins during stress responses.	Allantoin	62-71	molybdenum cofactor sulfurase (LOS5) (ABA3)	Arabidopsis thaliana	41-45
29594655-10	2017	Uricase catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid (UA) to produce allantoin and H2O2 which etches the silver shell.	Allantoin	61-70	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	0-7
30009897-0	2018	Effects of allantoin and dimethyl sulfoxide on the thermal aggregation of lysozyme.	Allantoin	11-20	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	74-82
30009897-4	2018	The allantoin concentration from 10 to 100 mM in 10% (v/v) DMSO significantly suppressed the thermal aggregation of hen egg white lysozyme as a model protein, with increasing allantoin concentration.	Allantoin	4-13	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	130-138
29505874-2	2018	Recent reports showed that allantoin suppresses thermal aggregation of hen egg white lysozyme (LYZ).	Allantoin	27-36	lysozyme C, tracheal isozyme	Bos taurus	85-93
29505874-2	2018	Recent reports showed that allantoin suppresses thermal aggregation of hen egg white lysozyme (LYZ).	Allantoin	27-36	lysozyme C, tracheal isozyme	Bos taurus	95-98
29505874-7	2018	Allantoin suppressed the aggregation and inactivation of LYZ comparing to arginine without affecting the melting temperature of proteins, and was responsible for the slightly improved formation of soluble oligomers and insoluble aggregates of IgG with thermal and acidic stresses.	Allantoin	0-9	lysozyme C, tracheal isozyme	Bos taurus	57-60
29564399-10	2018	In S. cerevisiae, Dal81 is a positive regulator of acquisition of nitrogen from GABA, allantoin, urea, and leucine, and it is required for maximal induction of expression of the relevant pathway genes.	Allantoin	86-95	Dal81p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-23
28729031-1	2018	The urate oxidase (Uox) gene encodes uricase that in the rodent liver degrades uric acid into allantoin, forming an obstacle for establishing stable mouse models of hyperuricemia.	Allantoin	94-103	urate oxidase	Mus musculus	4-17
28729031-1	2018	The urate oxidase (Uox) gene encodes uricase that in the rodent liver degrades uric acid into allantoin, forming an obstacle for establishing stable mouse models of hyperuricemia.	Allantoin	94-103	urate oxidase	Mus musculus	19-22
28729031-1	2018	The urate oxidase (Uox) gene encodes uricase that in the rodent liver degrades uric acid into allantoin, forming an obstacle for establishing stable mouse models of hyperuricemia.	Allantoin	94-103	urate oxidase	Mus musculus	37-44
30009897-5	2018	The residual activity of lysozyme in 10% DMSO and 100 mM allantoin after heating at 90  C for 10 min was increased >3-fold compared to that without allantoin.	Allantoin	57-66	lysozyme	Homo sapiens	25-33
29924138-4	2018	Multiple linear regression showed an association of c-IMT with uric acid (beta=0.0004, P=0.014) and allantoin (beta=0.018, P=0.008).	Allantoin	100-109	CIMT	Homo sapiens	52-57
24899662-1	2014	OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to establish whether, in patients with gout, MPO is released from neutrophils and urate is oxidized to allantoin and if these effects are attenuated by allopurinol.	Allantoin	143-152	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	85-88
26316329-6	2016	All other mammals possess the enzyme uricase that converts uric acid to allantoin that is easily eliminated through urine.	Allantoin	72-81	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	37-44
25372819-2	2014	Allantoinase catalyzes the reversible hydrolysis of allantoin into allantoate by hydrolytic cleavage of the N1-C2 amide bond of the five-membered hydantoin ring.	Allantoin	52-61	allantoinase AllB	Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 = ATCC 14580	0-12
25372819-3	2014	Allantoinase from Bacillus licheniformis (AllBali) presents an inverted enantioselectivity towards allantoin (R-enantioselective), which is a distinguishable feature that is not observed for other allantoinases.	Allantoin	99-108	allantoinase AllB	Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 = ATCC 14580	0-12
28662085-8	2017	Metabolites such as allantoin, creatinine, proline, and methylamine could be predictive of AII/R injury.	Allantoin	20-29	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	91-94
27209043-9	2016	Phenotypic analysis of knockout, knockdown and stress-inducible mutants for AtALN revealed that allantoin accumulation is essential for salt stress tolerance.	Allantoin	96-105	allantoinase	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-81
26931169-0	2016	Allantoin, a stress-related purine metabolite, can activate jasmonate signaling in a MYC2-regulated and abscisic acid-dependent manner.	Allantoin	0-9	Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	85-89
26931169-6	2016	Exogenously administered allantoin elicited the expression of JA-responsive genes, including MYC2, in wild-type plants, supporting the idea that allantoin might be responsible for the observed JA-related phenotypes of aln mutants.	Allantoin	25-34	Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	93-97
24296131-4	2014	Allantoin treatment (3 or 10 mg/kg, for 7 days) also increased the expression levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta).	Allantoin	0-9	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	199-229
24928513-6	2014	Urate was oxidized by LPO to produce the electrophilic intermediates dehydrourate and 5-hydroxyisourate, which decayed to allantoin.	Allantoin	122-131	lactoperoxidase	Homo sapiens	22-25
24867971-5	2014	Dal4p is very close to Fur4p and transports allantoin (glyoxyldiureide).	Allantoin	44-53	allantoin permease	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
24867971-5	2014	Dal4p is very close to Fur4p and transports allantoin (glyoxyldiureide).	Allantoin	55-70	allantoin permease	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	0-5
24867971-5	2014	Dal4p is very close to Fur4p and transports allantoin (glyoxyldiureide).	Allantoin	55-70	uracil permease	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	23-28
24182190-7	2014	Exogenous application of allantoin to wild-type plants also activates the two ABA-producing pathways that lead to ABA accumulation and stress-responsive gene expression, but this effect is abrogated in ABA-deficient and BG1-knockout mutants.	Allantoin	25-34	beta-1,3-glucanase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	220-223
24296131-4	2014	Allantoin treatment (3 or 10 mg/kg, for 7 days) also increased the expression levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta).	Allantoin	0-9	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	175-178
24296131-4	2014	Allantoin treatment (3 or 10 mg/kg, for 7 days) also increased the expression levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta).	Allantoin	0-9	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	231-240
24296131-6	2014	In conclusion, allantoin has memory-enhancing effects, and these effects may be partly mediated by the PI3K-Akt-GSK-3beta signal pathway.	Allantoin	15-24	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	108-111
24296131-6	2014	In conclusion, allantoin has memory-enhancing effects, and these effects may be partly mediated by the PI3K-Akt-GSK-3beta signal pathway.	Allantoin	15-24	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Mus musculus	112-121
24498153-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) existing in two interconvertible forms, xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and xanthine oxidase (XO), catabolises xanthine to uric acid that is further broken down to antioxidative agent allantoin.	Allantoin	223-232	xanthine dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	12-35
24498153-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) existing in two interconvertible forms, xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and xanthine oxidase (XO), catabolises xanthine to uric acid that is further broken down to antioxidative agent allantoin.	Allantoin	223-232	xanthine dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	37-40
24498153-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) existing in two interconvertible forms, xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and xanthine oxidase (XO), catabolises xanthine to uric acid that is further broken down to antioxidative agent allantoin.	Allantoin	223-232	xanthine dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	82-104
24498153-1	2014	BACKGROUND: Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) existing in two interconvertible forms, xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and xanthine oxidase (XO), catabolises xanthine to uric acid that is further broken down to antioxidative agent allantoin.	Allantoin	223-232	xanthine dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	106-109
23606885-5	2013	The chronic administration of allantoin to HFD-fed mice for 8 weeks significantly decreased their body weight, and this effect was reversed by efaroxan at a dose sufficient to block I1R.	Allantoin	30-39	nischarin	Mus musculus	182-185
24745022-12	2014	Thus, we suggest that allantoin, as I-1R agonist, has the potential to develop as a new therapeutic agent for hypertension in the future.	Allantoin	22-31	nischarin	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
23770594-4	2013	CrNCS1 acts as a transporter of adenine, guanine, uracil and allantoin, sharing similar - but not identical - solute recognition specificity with the evolutionary distant NCS1 from Arabidopsis thaliana.	Allantoin	61-70	permease, cytosine/purines, uracil, thiamine, allantoin family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	2-6
24239039-0	2013	Simultaneous determination of allantoin and glycolic acid in snail mucus and cosmetic creams with high performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection.	Allantoin	30-39	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	61-66
24239039-1	2013	A new methodology for simultaneous quantitative analysis of allantoin and glycolic acid in snail mucus and cosmetic creams was developed.	Allantoin	60-69	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	91-96
23713139-10	2013	A  gap1 population has a selective advantage on allantoin or ammonium as a nitrogen source and high stress tolerance.	Allantoin	48-57	amino acid permease GAP1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	3-7
23248282-5	2013	In rodents, functional UOx catalyzes urate oxidation to allantoin.	Allantoin	56-65	urate oxidase	Mus musculus	23-26
23606885-6	2013	The epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) cell size and weight in HFD-fed mice were also decreased by allantoin via the activation of I1R.	Allantoin	103-112	nischarin	Mus musculus	135-138
23606885-9	2013	Moreover, allantoin lowered HFD-induced hyperleptinemia, and this activity was abolished by I1R blockade with efaroxan.	Allantoin	10-19	nischarin	Mus musculus	92-95
23606885-10	2013	Taken together, these data suggest that allantoin can ameliorate energy intake and eWAT accumulation by activating I1R to improve HFD-induced obesity.	Allantoin	40-49	nischarin	Mus musculus	115-118
22768707-1	2012	During millions years in all animals allantoine (oxidized by uricase uric acid) was catabolite of purines and ascorbic acid was an acceptor of active forms of oxygen.	Allantoin	37-47	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	61-68
27790013-3	2012	Pegloticase is a recombinant mammalian uricase conjugated to polyethylene glycol that catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid into allantoin, a more soluble end product.	Allantoin	128-137	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	39-46
22398212-8	2012	Concentrations of allantoin in plasma of healthy controls (2.0 muM; interquartile range 1.4-3.6 muM, n=35) was significantly lower (p<0.001) than that in plasma from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (3.7 muM; IQR 3.0-5.6 muM, n=43) and in synovial fluid of patients with gout (3.3 muM; IQR 2.8-5.8 muM, n=10).	Allantoin	18-27	latexin	Homo sapiens	63-66
22398212-8	2012	Concentrations of allantoin in plasma of healthy controls (2.0 muM; interquartile range 1.4-3.6 muM, n=35) was significantly lower (p<0.001) than that in plasma from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (3.7 muM; IQR 3.0-5.6 muM, n=43) and in synovial fluid of patients with gout (3.3 muM; IQR 2.8-5.8 muM, n=10).	Allantoin	18-27	latexin	Homo sapiens	96-99
22398212-8	2012	Concentrations of allantoin in plasma of healthy controls (2.0 muM; interquartile range 1.4-3.6 muM, n=35) was significantly lower (p<0.001) than that in plasma from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (3.7 muM; IQR 3.0-5.6 muM, n=43) and in synovial fluid of patients with gout (3.3 muM; IQR 2.8-5.8 muM, n=10).	Allantoin	18-27	latexin	Homo sapiens	96-99
22398212-8	2012	Concentrations of allantoin in plasma of healthy controls (2.0 muM; interquartile range 1.4-3.6 muM, n=35) was significantly lower (p<0.001) than that in plasma from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (3.7 muM; IQR 3.0-5.6 muM, n=43) and in synovial fluid of patients with gout (3.3 muM; IQR 2.8-5.8 muM, n=10).	Allantoin	18-27	latexin	Homo sapiens	96-99
22398212-8	2012	Concentrations of allantoin in plasma of healthy controls (2.0 muM; interquartile range 1.4-3.6 muM, n=35) was significantly lower (p<0.001) than that in plasma from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (3.7 muM; IQR 3.0-5.6 muM, n=43) and in synovial fluid of patients with gout (3.3 muM; IQR 2.8-5.8 muM, n=10).	Allantoin	18-27	latexin	Homo sapiens	96-99
22398212-8	2012	Concentrations of allantoin in plasma of healthy controls (2.0 muM; interquartile range 1.4-3.6 muM, n=35) was significantly lower (p<0.001) than that in plasma from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (3.7 muM; IQR 3.0-5.6 muM, n=43) and in synovial fluid of patients with gout (3.3 muM; IQR 2.8-5.8 muM, n=10).	Allantoin	18-27	latexin	Homo sapiens	96-99
22588708-2	2012	Effect of allantoin on imidazoline I1 receptor (I1R) relating to reduction of blood pressure and its merit in steatosis are still obscure.	Allantoin	10-19	nischarin	Mus musculus	20-51
20823251-1	2010	With the notable exception of humans, uric acid is degraded to (S)-allantoin in a biochemical pathway catalyzed by urate oxidase, 5-hydroxyisourate (HIU) hydrolase, and 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline decarboxylase in most vertebrate species.	Allantoin	63-76	urate oxidase	Mus musculus	115-128
19081307-1	2009	Uric acid (UA) can be directly converted to allantoin enzymatically by uricase in most mammals except humans or by reaction with superoxide.	Allantoin	44-53	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	71-78
20511299-2	2010	Sequence evidence suggested that the Transthyretin-like (TTL) protein, which interacts with brassinosteroid receptors, may act as a bifunctional enzyme in the synthesis of S-allantoin.	Allantoin	172-183	coiled coil protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	57-60
20511299-3	2010	Here, we show that recombinant TTL from Arabidopsis thaliana catalyzes two enzymatic reactions leading to the stereoselective formation of S-allantoin, hydrolysis of hydroxyisourate through a C-terminal Urah domain, and decarboxylation of 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline through an N-terminal Urad domain.	Allantoin	139-150	coiled coil protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	31-34
19224237-8	2009	Urate oxidase, a cuproprotein catalyzing the oxidation of urate to allantoin, is confined to the peroxisomal core, yet is lacking in human PO.	Allantoin	67-76	urate oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	0-13
19333858-2	2009	We investigated the mechanism of action of uricase, which oxidizes uric acid to allantoin, in the rat.	Allantoin	80-89	urate oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	43-50
17567580-6	2007	On the basis of structural analysis, along with site-directed mutagenesis, a mechanism for the enzyme is proposed in which a decarboxylation reaction occurs directly, and the invariant histidine residue in the OHCU decarboxylase family plays an essential role in producing (S)-allantoin through a proton transfer from the hydroxyl group at C4 to C5 at the re-face of OHCU.	Allantoin	273-286	ureidoimidazoline (2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-) decarboxylase	Homo sapiens	210-228
17085964-2	2006	It is catabolized to allantoin by urate oxidase or uricase (E.C.	Allantoin	21-30	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	51-58
16375732-2	2005	Humans lack the enzyme uricase, which catalyzes the conversion of uric acid to allantoin.	Allantoin	79-88	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	23-30
11971139-3	2002	By functional complementation of a yeast mutant defective in allantoin uptake, an Arabidopsis transporter, AtUPS1 (Arabidopsis thaliana ureide permease 1), was identified.	Allantoin	61-70	ureide permease 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	107-113
11971139-10	2002	Therefore, AtUPS1 presumably is involved in the uptake of allantoin and other purine degradation products when primary sources are limiting.	Allantoin	58-67	ureide permease 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	11-17
11728802-2	2001	During EX1 there was a significant accumulation of urate (from 0.16 +/- 0.02 to 0.27 +/- 0.03 micromol/kg d.w.) and allantoin (from 0.39 +/- 0.05 to 0.69 +/- 0.14 micromol/kg d.w.) in the muscle.	Allantoin	116-125	FERM domain containing 6	Homo sapiens	7-10
10877394-3	2000	The coefficient of determination for individual experiments for the relationship between microbial nitrogen flow and allantoin or uric acid excretion in milk ranged from -0.01 to 0.77 and -0.06 to 0.22 respectively.	Allantoin	117-126	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	153-157
10877394-4	2000	Across all experiments, the coefficients of determination between microbial nitrogen flow and allantoin or uric acid excretion in milk were r2 = 0.09 and 0.01 respectively.	Allantoin	94-103	Weaning weight-maternal milk	Bos taurus	130-134
15493112-2	2004	Uric acid is the last stage in purine degradation, because humans lack the enzyme uricase which converts uric acid into allantoin.	Allantoin	120-129	urate oxidase (pseudogene)	Homo sapiens	82-89
11805243-9	2002	In the CSF, the increase of nitrotyrosine was accompanied by a depletion of the antioxidant ascorbic acid and an increased oxidation of the natural peroxynitrite scavenger uric acid to allantoin.	Allantoin	185-194	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	7-10