PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text compound_name comp_offset prot_official_name organism prot_offset 33929070-0 2021 Arecoline induces heart injure via Fas/Fas ligand apoptotic pathway in heart of Sprague-Dawley rat. Arecoline 0-9 Fas ligand Rattus norvegicus 39-49 33859744-7 2021 In addition, carcinogens, such as nicotine and arecoline, trigger c-MYC-directed NRF2 activation in HNSCC cells. Arecoline 47-56 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 66-71 33859744-7 2021 In addition, carcinogens, such as nicotine and arecoline, trigger c-MYC-directed NRF2 activation in HNSCC cells. Arecoline 47-56 NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 81-85 32454162-9 2021 Acute arecoline also upregulated early protooncogenes c-fos and c-jun, whereas its chronic treatment elevated brain expression of microglia-specific biomarker genes egr2 and ym1 (thus, implicating microglial mechanisms in potential effects of long-term arecoline use). Arecoline 6-15 v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog Ab Danio rerio 54-59 33626219-8 2021 SAA1 overexpression induced EMT and promoted the migration and invasion of CAL33 cells, while SAA1 knockdown attenuated arecoline-induced EMT. Arecoline 120-129 serum amyloid A1 Homo sapiens 94-98 33626219-10 2021 Our findings revealed that arecoline induced EMT and enhanced the metastatic capability of OSCC via the regulation of inflammatory cytokine secretion, especially that of SAA1. Arecoline 27-36 serum amyloid A 1 Mus musculus 170-174 33626219-0 2021 Arecoline induces epithelial mesenchymal transformation and promotes metastasis of oral cancer via SAA1 expression. Arecoline 0-9 serum amyloid A1 Homo sapiens 99-103 32454162-9 2021 Acute arecoline also upregulated early protooncogenes c-fos and c-jun, whereas its chronic treatment elevated brain expression of microglia-specific biomarker genes egr2 and ym1 (thus, implicating microglial mechanisms in potential effects of long-term arecoline use). Arecoline 6-15 Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Danio rerio 64-69 33287214-6 2020 In RWPE-1 cells, arecoline increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-1, p21, and cyclins B1 and D3, decreased the expression of CDK2, and had no effects on CDK4 and cyclin D1 expression. Arecoline 17-26 cyclin dependent kinase 1 Homo sapiens 55-86 32454163-7 2020 The use of the areca nut increases both brain serotonin and noradrenaline levels, whereas arecoline, a potentially addictive areca nut component, has monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitor-like properties. Arecoline 90-99 monoamine oxidase A Homo sapiens 171-176 32454163-13 2020 Arecoline, an MAO-A inhibitor, may account for BQD. Arecoline 0-9 monoamine oxidase A Homo sapiens 14-19 33332365-0 2020 Peroxiredoxin 2 is highly expressed in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and is upregulated by human papillomavirus oncoproteins and arecoline, promoting proliferation. Arecoline 140-149 peroxiredoxin 2 Homo sapiens 0-15 33332365-3 2020 This study aimed to investigate the effect of arecoline, an alkaloid of the betel nut, and human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6/E7 oncoproteins on induction of PRDX2 expression, and also the effects of PRDX2 overexpression in oral cell lines. Arecoline 46-55 peroxiredoxin 2 Homo sapiens 163-168 33332365-3 2020 This study aimed to investigate the effect of arecoline, an alkaloid of the betel nut, and human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6/E7 oncoproteins on induction of PRDX2 expression, and also the effects of PRDX2 overexpression in oral cell lines. Arecoline 46-55 peroxiredoxin 2 Homo sapiens 205-210 33332365-9 2020 Arecoline treatment in vitro at low concentrations and overexpression of HPV16 E6 or E6/E7 in oral cells induced PRDX2 overexpression. Arecoline 0-9 peroxiredoxin 2 Homo sapiens 113-118 33332365-11 2020 Upregulation of PRDX2 in oral cells was induced by arecoline and HPV16 oncoproteins and promoted growth of OSCC cells. Arecoline 51-60 peroxiredoxin 2 Homo sapiens 16-21 33287214-6 2020 In RWPE-1 cells, arecoline increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-1, p21, and cyclins B1 and D3, decreased the expression of CDK2, and had no effects on CDK4 and cyclin D1 expression. Arecoline 17-26 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 88-91 33287214-6 2020 In RWPE-1 cells, arecoline increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-1, p21, and cyclins B1 and D3, decreased the expression of CDK2, and had no effects on CDK4 and cyclin D1 expression. Arecoline 17-26 cyclin B1 Homo sapiens 97-114 33287214-6 2020 In RWPE-1 cells, arecoline increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-1, p21, and cyclins B1 and D3, decreased the expression of CDK2, and had no effects on CDK4 and cyclin D1 expression. Arecoline 17-26 cyclin dependent kinase 2 Homo sapiens 144-148 33287214-6 2020 In RWPE-1 cells, arecoline increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-1, p21, and cyclins B1 and D3, decreased the expression of CDK2, and had no effects on CDK4 and cyclin D1 expression. Arecoline 17-26 cyclin D1 Homo sapiens 181-190 33287214-8 2020 In LNCaP cells, arecoline decreased CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 expression; increased p21, p27, and cyclin D3 expression; had no effects on CDK1 and cyclin B1 expression. Arecoline 16-25 cyclin dependent kinase 2 Homo sapiens 36-40 33287214-8 2020 In LNCaP cells, arecoline decreased CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 expression; increased p21, p27, and cyclin D3 expression; had no effects on CDK1 and cyclin B1 expression. Arecoline 16-25 cyclin dependent kinase 4 Homo sapiens 42-46 33287214-8 2020 In LNCaP cells, arecoline decreased CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 expression; increased p21, p27, and cyclin D3 expression; had no effects on CDK1 and cyclin B1 expression. Arecoline 16-25 cyclin D1 Homo sapiens 52-61 33287214-8 2020 In LNCaP cells, arecoline decreased CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 expression; increased p21, p27, and cyclin D3 expression; had no effects on CDK1 and cyclin B1 expression. Arecoline 16-25 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 84-87 33287214-8 2020 In LNCaP cells, arecoline decreased CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 expression; increased p21, p27, and cyclin D3 expression; had no effects on CDK1 and cyclin B1 expression. Arecoline 16-25 dynactin subunit 6 Homo sapiens 89-92 33287214-8 2020 In LNCaP cells, arecoline decreased CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1 expression; increased p21, p27, and cyclin D3 expression; had no effects on CDK1 and cyclin B1 expression. Arecoline 16-25 cyclin D3 Homo sapiens 98-107 32722430-0 2020 Downregulation of the DNA Repair Gene DDB2 by Arecoline Is through p53"s DNA-Binding Domain and Is Correlated with Poor Outcome of Head and Neck Cancer Patients with Betel Quid Consumption. Arecoline 46-55 damage specific DNA binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 38-42 33332205-0 2020 Arecoline suppresses epithelial cell viability by upregulating tropomyosin-1 through the transforming growth factor-beta/Smad pathway. Arecoline 0-9 tropomyosin 1 Homo sapiens 63-76 33332205-0 2020 Arecoline suppresses epithelial cell viability by upregulating tropomyosin-1 through the transforming growth factor-beta/Smad pathway. Arecoline 0-9 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 89-120 33332205-4 2020 OBJECTIVES: This research elucidates the expression of tropomyosin-1 (TPM1) and its regulation mechanism in HaCaT cells treated with arecoline. Arecoline 133-142 tropomyosin 1 Homo sapiens 55-68 32988808-0 2020 Oxidative-protective effect of nuclear receptor coactivator 7 on arecoline-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Arecoline 65-74 nuclear receptor coactivator 7 Homo sapiens 31-61 32988808-7 2020 After arecoline treatment, NCOA7 expression and EndMT were induced in HUVECs. Arecoline 6-15 nuclear receptor coactivator 7 Homo sapiens 27-32 32988808-8 2020 Transfection of HUVECs with si-NCOA7, which reduced 73% of NCOA7 expression, aggravated the arecoline-induced EndMT process. Arecoline 92-101 nuclear receptor coactivator 7 Homo sapiens 31-36 32988808-8 2020 Transfection of HUVECs with si-NCOA7, which reduced 73% of NCOA7 expression, aggravated the arecoline-induced EndMT process. Arecoline 92-101 nuclear receptor coactivator 7 Homo sapiens 59-64 32988808-9 2020 Inhibition of ROS markedly, but not completely, reverses this arecoline-induced EndMT in si-NCOA7 cells. Arecoline 62-71 nuclear receptor coactivator 7 Homo sapiens 92-97 32722430-5 2020 Ectopic expression of DDB2 restored NER activity in arecoline-treated cells, suggesting that DDB2 downregulation was critical for arecoline-mediated NER inhibition. Arecoline 130-139 damage specific DNA binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 22-26 32722430-5 2020 Ectopic expression of DDB2 restored NER activity in arecoline-treated cells, suggesting that DDB2 downregulation was critical for arecoline-mediated NER inhibition. Arecoline 130-139 damage specific DNA binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 93-97 32722430-6 2020 Mechanistically, arecoline inhibited p53-induced DDB2 promoter activity through the DNA-binding but not the transactivation domain of p53. Arecoline 17-26 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 37-40 32722430-6 2020 Mechanistically, arecoline inhibited p53-induced DDB2 promoter activity through the DNA-binding but not the transactivation domain of p53. Arecoline 17-26 damage specific DNA binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 49-53 32722430-7 2020 Both NER and DDB2 promoter activities declined in the chronic arecoline-exposed cells, which were consistent with the downregulated DDB2 mRNA in BQ-associated HNC specimens, but not in those of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort (no BQ exposure). Arecoline 62-71 damage specific DNA binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 32722430-7 2020 Both NER and DDB2 promoter activities declined in the chronic arecoline-exposed cells, which were consistent with the downregulated DDB2 mRNA in BQ-associated HNC specimens, but not in those of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort (no BQ exposure). Arecoline 62-71 damage specific DNA binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 132-136 32722430-9 2020 These data uncover one of mechanisms underlying arecoline-mediated carcinogenicity through inhibiting p53-regulated DDB2 expression and DNA repair. Arecoline 48-57 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 102-105 32722430-9 2020 These data uncover one of mechanisms underlying arecoline-mediated carcinogenicity through inhibiting p53-regulated DDB2 expression and DNA repair. Arecoline 48-57 damage specific DNA binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 116-120 33332205-12 2020 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Arecoline suppresses HaCaT cell viability by upregulating TPM1 through the TGF-beta/Smad signalling pathway. Arecoline 28-37 transforming growth factor alpha Homo sapiens 103-111 33167868-0 2020 Egr-1 mediates low-dose arecoline induced human oral mucosa fibroblast proliferation via transactivation of Wnt5a expression. Arecoline 24-33 early growth response 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 33167868-0 2020 Egr-1 mediates low-dose arecoline induced human oral mucosa fibroblast proliferation via transactivation of Wnt5a expression. Arecoline 24-33 Wnt family member 5A Homo sapiens 108-113 33167868-6 2020 Treatment with siRNAs specific to Egr-1, Egr inhibitors, or Wnt5a antibody treatment could all inhibit arecoline-induced Wnt5a upregulation and fibroblast proliferation. Arecoline 103-112 early growth response 1 Homo sapiens 34-39 33167868-6 2020 Treatment with siRNAs specific to Egr-1, Egr inhibitors, or Wnt5a antibody treatment could all inhibit arecoline-induced Wnt5a upregulation and fibroblast proliferation. Arecoline 103-112 Wnt family member 5A Homo sapiens 60-65 33167868-6 2020 Treatment with siRNAs specific to Egr-1, Egr inhibitors, or Wnt5a antibody treatment could all inhibit arecoline-induced Wnt5a upregulation and fibroblast proliferation. Arecoline 103-112 Wnt family member 5A Homo sapiens 121-126 33167868-7 2020 CONCLUSIONS: Egr-1 mediates the effect of low dose arecoline treatment on human oral mucosa fibroblast proliferation by transactivating the expression of Wnt5a. Arecoline 51-60 early growth response 1 Homo sapiens 13-18 33167868-7 2020 CONCLUSIONS: Egr-1 mediates the effect of low dose arecoline treatment on human oral mucosa fibroblast proliferation by transactivating the expression of Wnt5a. Arecoline 51-60 Wnt family member 5A Homo sapiens 154-159 32717485-0 2020 Enhanced arecoline derivatives as muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 ligands for potential application as PET radiotracers. Arecoline 9-18 cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 1, CNS Mus musculus 34-70 32717485-0 2020 Enhanced arecoline derivatives as muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 ligands for potential application as PET radiotracers. Arecoline 9-18 thyroid stimulating hormone receptor Mus musculus 108-111 32717485-3 2020 Within this work we aim to develop novel PET tracers based on the structure of arecoline. Arecoline 79-88 thyroid stimulating hormone receptor Mus musculus 41-44 32441858-0 2020 Arecoline induces epithelial mesenchymal transition in HK2 cells by upregulating the ERK-mediated signaling pathway. Arecoline 0-9 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 85-88 32441858-5 2020 Western blot analysis showed that arecoline treatment caused a dose-dependent decrease in E-cadherin expression and dose-dependent increases in N-cadherin, vimentin, alpha-SMA, and collagen expression; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed dose-dependent increases in alpha-SMA and collagen mRNA. Arecoline 34-43 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 90-100 32441858-5 2020 Western blot analysis showed that arecoline treatment caused a dose-dependent decrease in E-cadherin expression and dose-dependent increases in N-cadherin, vimentin, alpha-SMA, and collagen expression; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed dose-dependent increases in alpha-SMA and collagen mRNA. Arecoline 34-43 cadherin 2 Homo sapiens 144-154 32441858-5 2020 Western blot analysis showed that arecoline treatment caused a dose-dependent decrease in E-cadherin expression and dose-dependent increases in N-cadherin, vimentin, alpha-SMA, and collagen expression; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed dose-dependent increases in alpha-SMA and collagen mRNA. Arecoline 34-43 vimentin Homo sapiens 156-164 32441858-5 2020 Western blot analysis showed that arecoline treatment caused a dose-dependent decrease in E-cadherin expression and dose-dependent increases in N-cadherin, vimentin, alpha-SMA, and collagen expression; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed dose-dependent increases in alpha-SMA and collagen mRNA. Arecoline 34-43 actin alpha 1, skeletal muscle Homo sapiens 166-175 32441858-5 2020 Western blot analysis showed that arecoline treatment caused a dose-dependent decrease in E-cadherin expression and dose-dependent increases in N-cadherin, vimentin, alpha-SMA, and collagen expression; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed dose-dependent increases in alpha-SMA and collagen mRNA. Arecoline 34-43 actin alpha 1, skeletal muscle Homo sapiens 296-305 32722430-0 2020 Downregulation of the DNA Repair Gene DDB2 by Arecoline Is through p53"s DNA-Binding Domain and Is Correlated with Poor Outcome of Head and Neck Cancer Patients with Betel Quid Consumption. Arecoline 46-55 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 67-70 32722430-3 2020 Previously, we have reported that arecoline (0.3 mM) is able to inhibit DNA repair in a p53-dependent pathway, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Arecoline 34-43 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 88-91 32722430-4 2020 Here we demonstrated that arecoline suppressed the expression of DDB2, which is transcriptionally regulated by p53 and is required for nucleotide excision repair (NER). Arecoline 26-35 damage specific DNA binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 65-69 32722430-4 2020 Here we demonstrated that arecoline suppressed the expression of DDB2, which is transcriptionally regulated by p53 and is required for nucleotide excision repair (NER). Arecoline 26-35 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 111-114 32722430-5 2020 Ectopic expression of DDB2 restored NER activity in arecoline-treated cells, suggesting that DDB2 downregulation was critical for arecoline-mediated NER inhibition. Arecoline 52-61 damage specific DNA binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 22-26 31397922-0 2020 Role of the arecoline/YAP1/BMP4 pathway in promoting endothelial-mesenchymal transition in oral submucous fibrosis. Arecoline 12-21 bone morphogenetic protein 4 Homo sapiens 27-31 31959495-0 2020 Inhibition of HIF1A-AS1 impedes the arecoline-induced migration activity of human oral mucosal fibroblasts. Arecoline 36-45 HIF1A antisense RNA 1 Homo sapiens 14-23 31959495-3 2020 Next, we demonstrated that administration of arecoline, a natural alkaloid that is found in areca nut, induced the elevation of HIF1A-AS1 in BMFs. Arecoline 45-54 HIF1A antisense RNA 1 Homo sapiens 128-137 31959495-5 2020 Moreover, we found that knockdown of HIF1A-AS1 hindered the arecoline-stimulated migration capacity in BMFs, suggesting HIF1A-AS1 was critical to the transdifferentiation of BMFs into myofibroblasts. Arecoline 60-69 HIF1A antisense RNA 1 Homo sapiens 37-46 31959495-5 2020 Moreover, we found that knockdown of HIF1A-AS1 hindered the arecoline-stimulated migration capacity in BMFs, suggesting HIF1A-AS1 was critical to the transdifferentiation of BMFs into myofibroblasts. Arecoline 60-69 HIF1A antisense RNA 1 Homo sapiens 120-129 31397922-12 2020 CONCLUSIONS: Arecoline induces EMT in OSF via the YAP1/BMP4 pathway. Arecoline 13-22 bone morphogenetic protein 4 Homo sapiens 55-59 31397922-6 2020 Western blotting and RT-PCR assays were used to analyze the effect of arecoline (a known EMT-promoting pathogenic factor in OSF) on BMP4 and identify the transcription factor involved. Arecoline 70-79 bone morphogenetic protein 4 Homo sapiens 132-136 31397922-8 2020 Finally, siRNA silencing of BMP4 was used to determine its effect on YAP1 activation and arecoline-induced EMT. Arecoline 89-98 bone morphogenetic protein 4 Homo sapiens 28-32 31397922-10 2020 Arecoline induces BMP4 expression via the activation of YAP1 (through its nuclear translocation). Arecoline 0-9 bone morphogenetic protein 4 Homo sapiens 18-22 31397922-10 2020 Arecoline induces BMP4 expression via the activation of YAP1 (through its nuclear translocation). Arecoline 0-9 Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator Homo sapiens 56-60 31397922-11 2020 Furthermore, the YAP1/BMP4 mechanism is the main molecular event in arecoline-induced EMT, as knockdown of BMP4 expression affects expression of the EMT markers and inhibits extracellular matrix accumulation. Arecoline 68-77 Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator Homo sapiens 17-21 31397922-11 2020 Furthermore, the YAP1/BMP4 mechanism is the main molecular event in arecoline-induced EMT, as knockdown of BMP4 expression affects expression of the EMT markers and inhibits extracellular matrix accumulation. Arecoline 68-77 bone morphogenetic protein 4 Homo sapiens 22-26 31397922-11 2020 Furthermore, the YAP1/BMP4 mechanism is the main molecular event in arecoline-induced EMT, as knockdown of BMP4 expression affects expression of the EMT markers and inhibits extracellular matrix accumulation. Arecoline 68-77 bone morphogenetic protein 4 Homo sapiens 107-111 31397922-12 2020 CONCLUSIONS: Arecoline induces EMT in OSF via the YAP1/BMP4 pathway. Arecoline 13-22 Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator Homo sapiens 50-54 31610043-11 2020 RESULTS: We have found that the stimulation of arecoline on FBs increased interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and interleukin-21 (IL-2, IL-6, and IL-21) while decreased transforming growth cytokine-beta (TGF-beta). Arecoline 47-56 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 74-87 32200293-0 2020 Arecoline suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in vitro and attenuates LPS-induced bone loss in vivo. Arecoline 0-9 tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 Mus musculus 21-26 32200293-4 2020 METHOD: M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were incubated with several concentrations of arecoline, and TRAP staining and pit formation were assessed to monitor osteoclast formation. Arecoline 123-132 colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage) Mus musculus 8-13 32200293-4 2020 METHOD: M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were incubated with several concentrations of arecoline, and TRAP staining and pit formation were assessed to monitor osteoclast formation. Arecoline 123-132 tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 Mus musculus 14-19 32200293-8 2020 RESULTS: In a dose-dependent manner, arecoline at concentrations of 50-100 muM reduced both the development of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts and the formation of resorption pits in M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated BMMs. Arecoline 37-46 colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage) Mus musculus 192-197 32200293-8 2020 RESULTS: In a dose-dependent manner, arecoline at concentrations of 50-100 muM reduced both the development of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts and the formation of resorption pits in M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated BMMs. Arecoline 37-46 tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 Mus musculus 198-203 32200293-9 2020 In M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated BMMs, arecoline also suppressed the expression and translocation of c-Fos and NFATcl, and osteoclast differentiated-related genes via interference with the AKT, MAPK, and NF-kB activation pathways. Arecoline 32-41 colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage) Mus musculus 3-8 32200293-9 2020 In M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated BMMs, arecoline also suppressed the expression and translocation of c-Fos and NFATcl, and osteoclast differentiated-related genes via interference with the AKT, MAPK, and NF-kB activation pathways. Arecoline 32-41 tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 Mus musculus 9-14 32200293-9 2020 In M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated BMMs, arecoline also suppressed the expression and translocation of c-Fos and NFATcl, and osteoclast differentiated-related genes via interference with the AKT, MAPK, and NF-kB activation pathways. Arecoline 32-41 FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene Mus musculus 94-99 32200293-9 2020 In M-CSF/RANKL-stimulated BMMs, arecoline also suppressed the expression and translocation of c-Fos and NFATcl, and osteoclast differentiated-related genes via interference with the AKT, MAPK, and NF-kB activation pathways. Arecoline 32-41 thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 Mus musculus 182-185 32200293-11 2020 Lastly, arecoline increased ALP activity, bone mineralization, and the expression of osteoblast differentiation-related genes, such as ALP and Runx2, in MC3T3-E1 cells. Arecoline 8-17 alopecia, recessive Mus musculus 28-31 32200293-11 2020 Lastly, arecoline increased ALP activity, bone mineralization, and the expression of osteoblast differentiation-related genes, such as ALP and Runx2, in MC3T3-E1 cells. Arecoline 8-17 alopecia, recessive Mus musculus 135-138 32200293-11 2020 Lastly, arecoline increased ALP activity, bone mineralization, and the expression of osteoblast differentiation-related genes, such as ALP and Runx2, in MC3T3-E1 cells. Arecoline 8-17 runt related transcription factor 2 Mus musculus 143-148 31610043-11 2020 RESULTS: We have found that the stimulation of arecoline on FBs increased interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and interleukin-21 (IL-2, IL-6, and IL-21) while decreased transforming growth cytokine-beta (TGF-beta). Arecoline 47-56 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 89-102 31610043-11 2020 RESULTS: We have found that the stimulation of arecoline on FBs increased interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and interleukin-21 (IL-2, IL-6, and IL-21) while decreased transforming growth cytokine-beta (TGF-beta). Arecoline 47-56 interleukin 21 Homo sapiens 108-122 31610043-11 2020 RESULTS: We have found that the stimulation of arecoline on FBs increased interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and interleukin-21 (IL-2, IL-6, and IL-21) while decreased transforming growth cytokine-beta (TGF-beta). Arecoline 47-56 interleukin 21 Homo sapiens 124-128 31610043-11 2020 RESULTS: We have found that the stimulation of arecoline on FBs increased interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and interleukin-21 (IL-2, IL-6, and IL-21) while decreased transforming growth cytokine-beta (TGF-beta). Arecoline 47-56 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 130-134 31610043-11 2020 RESULTS: We have found that the stimulation of arecoline on FBs increased interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and interleukin-21 (IL-2, IL-6, and IL-21) while decreased transforming growth cytokine-beta (TGF-beta). Arecoline 47-56 interleukin 21 Homo sapiens 140-145 31610043-11 2020 RESULTS: We have found that the stimulation of arecoline on FBs increased interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and interleukin-21 (IL-2, IL-6, and IL-21) while decreased transforming growth cytokine-beta (TGF-beta). Arecoline 47-56 transforming growth factor alpha Homo sapiens 198-206 31263904-1 2020 Mixed with limestone and stick mustard, arecoline and guvacoline, which are present in betel nut, are hydrolyzed into arecaidine and guvacine, respectively. Arecoline 40-49 NUT midline carcinoma family member 1 Homo sapiens 93-96 31931863-5 2020 In addition, we examined whether the hypermethylation of SIRT1 followed by its transcriptional downregulation in the human gingival epithelial cells could be caused by arecoline, a major component of BQ. Arecoline 168-177 sirtuin 1 Homo sapiens 57-62 30821076-2 2019 The present study analyzed arecoline-induced ATM expression during oral cancer progression. Arecoline 27-36 ATM serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 45-48 31645006-7 2019 RESULTS: AEBN and arecoline induced dyslipidemia by downregulating AMPK (Thr-172) and activating ACC (Ser-79); they also downregulated tumor suppressor p53 (Ser-15). Arecoline 18-27 transformation related protein 53, pseudogene Mus musculus 152-155 30821076-5 2019 RESULTS: Low-dose arecoline induced cell proliferation, ATM promoter activity, and DNA repair. Arecoline 18-27 ATM serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 56-59 31282845-8 2019 These data indicate that arecoline regulates the activity of YAP and highlight an alternative method for treating OSF. Arecoline 25-34 yes-associated protein 1 Mus musculus 61-64 30624777-10 2019 Further, we found that arecoline-induced H2AX expression was regulated by FMO3. Arecoline 23-32 H2A.X variant histone Homo sapiens 41-45 30624777-10 2019 Further, we found that arecoline-induced H2AX expression was regulated by FMO3. Arecoline 23-32 flavin containing dimethylaniline monoxygenase 3 Homo sapiens 74-78 31282845-6 2019 Arecoline activated YAP by increasing reactive oxygen species levels and inducing the PERK pathway (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3), resulting in the initiation of EndMT and leading to OSF. Arecoline 0-9 Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator Homo sapiens 20-23 31218858-5 2019 RESULTS: In rats with moderate and high concentrations of arecoline, typical OSF pathological features were observed in the buccal mucosa, the mouth openings were significantly reduced, and the expression levels of type III colla-gen and TGF-beta1 were significantly increased (P<0.05). Arecoline 58-67 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 238-247 31282845-6 2019 Arecoline activated YAP by increasing reactive oxygen species levels and inducing the PERK pathway (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3), resulting in the initiation of EndMT and leading to OSF. Arecoline 0-9 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 Homo sapiens 86-90 31282845-6 2019 Arecoline activated YAP by increasing reactive oxygen species levels and inducing the PERK pathway (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3), resulting in the initiation of EndMT and leading to OSF. Arecoline 0-9 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 Homo sapiens 100-157 30884126-2 2019 Chronic exposure to arecoline causes genetic changes in the epithelial cells of the oral mucosa, induces proliferation through activation of the EGF receptor and promotes downstream COX-2 expression. Arecoline 20-29 cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial Mus musculus 182-187 31253192-13 2019 Importantly, arecoline, a major betel nut alkaloid, recruited DNMT3B binding to ANK1 promoter for DNA methylation and then attenuated the expression of miR-486-3p in OSCC. Arecoline 13-22 DNA methyltransferase 3 beta Homo sapiens 62-68 31253192-13 2019 Importantly, arecoline, a major betel nut alkaloid, recruited DNMT3B binding to ANK1 promoter for DNA methylation and then attenuated the expression of miR-486-3p in OSCC. Arecoline 13-22 ankyrin 1 Homo sapiens 80-84 30951892-8 2019 2: HUVECs treated with arecoline exhibited increased autophagosomes, LC3 expression and reduced p62 expression, when co-treated with chloroquine (CQ), which is a specific autophagy inhibitor, revealed the opposite trend. Arecoline 36-45 microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha Homo sapiens 82-85 30951892-8 2019 2: HUVECs treated with arecoline exhibited increased autophagosomes, LC3 expression and reduced p62 expression, when co-treated with chloroquine (CQ), which is a specific autophagy inhibitor, revealed the opposite trend. Arecoline 36-45 sequestosome 1 Homo sapiens 109-112 30246378-0 2019 Angiotensin (1-7) inhibits arecoline-induced migration and collagen synthesis in human oral myofibroblasts via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Arecoline 27-36 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 Homo sapiens 122-127 30910432-0 2019 Arecoline suppresses epithelial cell viability through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway via upregulation of PHLPP2. Arecoline 0-9 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 59-62 30910432-0 2019 Arecoline suppresses epithelial cell viability through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway via upregulation of PHLPP2. Arecoline 0-9 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 63-67 30910432-0 2019 Arecoline suppresses epithelial cell viability through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway via upregulation of PHLPP2. Arecoline 0-9 PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 Homo sapiens 106-112 30910432-1 2019 Arecoline, the major active ingredient of the betel nut, is involved in the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis. Arecoline 0-9 NUT midline carcinoma family member 1 Homo sapiens 52-55 30910432-4 2019 Furthermore, we found that arecoline reduces the protein level of cyclin D1, but it has no effect on its mRNA level and protein stability, implying that arecoline may modulate the translation of cyclin D1. Arecoline 27-36 cyclin D1 Homo sapiens 66-75 30910432-4 2019 Furthermore, we found that arecoline reduces the protein level of cyclin D1, but it has no effect on its mRNA level and protein stability, implying that arecoline may modulate the translation of cyclin D1. Arecoline 27-36 cyclin D1 Homo sapiens 195-204 30910432-4 2019 Furthermore, we found that arecoline reduces the protein level of cyclin D1, but it has no effect on its mRNA level and protein stability, implying that arecoline may modulate the translation of cyclin D1. Arecoline 153-162 cyclin D1 Homo sapiens 195-204 30910432-5 2019 We also observed the downregulation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway after treatment with arecoline, which may be related to the translation of cyclin D1. Arecoline 91-100 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 43-46 30910432-5 2019 We also observed the downregulation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway after treatment with arecoline, which may be related to the translation of cyclin D1. Arecoline 91-100 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 47-51 30910432-5 2019 We also observed the downregulation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway after treatment with arecoline, which may be related to the translation of cyclin D1. Arecoline 91-100 cyclin D1 Homo sapiens 145-154 30910432-6 2019 RNA-seq analysis identified that PHLPP2, the direct upstream target of Akt, is significantly upregulated after arecoline treatment. Arecoline 111-120 PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 Homo sapiens 33-39 30910432-6 2019 RNA-seq analysis identified that PHLPP2, the direct upstream target of Akt, is significantly upregulated after arecoline treatment. Arecoline 111-120 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 71-74 30910432-7 2019 siRNA-mediated knockdown of PHLPP2 recovered the phosphorylation state of Akt, as well as attenuated the effect of arecoline on cell viability. Arecoline 115-124 PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 Homo sapiens 28-34 30910432-8 2019 Thus, our study revealed the crucial role of PHLPP2 in arecoline-induced cell viability suppression. Arecoline 55-64 PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 Homo sapiens 45-51 30246378-10 2019 Furthermore, arecoline induced collagen synthesis or migration via the Smad or RhoA-ROCK pathway respectively, which could be inhibited by NLRP3 siRNA or caspase-1 blocker VX-765. Arecoline 13-22 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 Homo sapiens 139-144 30246378-11 2019 Ang-(1-7) shifted the balance of RAS toward the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis, inhibited arecoline-induced ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to attenuation of migration or collagen synthesis. Arecoline 83-92 angiogenin Homo sapiens 0-3 30246378-11 2019 Ang-(1-7) shifted the balance of RAS toward the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis, inhibited arecoline-induced ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to attenuation of migration or collagen synthesis. Arecoline 83-92 angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Homo sapiens 48-52 30246378-11 2019 Ang-(1-7) shifted the balance of RAS toward the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis, inhibited arecoline-induced ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to attenuation of migration or collagen synthesis. Arecoline 83-92 angiogenin Homo sapiens 53-56 30246378-11 2019 Ang-(1-7) shifted the balance of RAS toward the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis, inhibited arecoline-induced ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to attenuation of migration or collagen synthesis. Arecoline 83-92 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 Homo sapiens 109-114 30246378-8 2019 Ang-(1-7) improved arecoline-induced rats OSF, reduced protein levels of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Arecoline 19-28 angiogenin Rattus norvegicus 0-3 30246378-9 2019 In vitro, arecoline increased ROS along with upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang-II/AT1R axis and NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1beta axis in human oral myofibroblasts, which were reduced by NOX4 inhibitor VAS2870, ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, and NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Arecoline 10-19 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 65-94 30246378-9 2019 In vitro, arecoline increased ROS along with upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang-II/AT1R axis and NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1beta axis in human oral myofibroblasts, which were reduced by NOX4 inhibitor VAS2870, ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, and NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Arecoline 10-19 angiotensin I converting enzyme Homo sapiens 96-99 30246378-12 2019 In summary, Ang-(1-7) attenuates arecoline-induced migration and collagen synthesis via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in human oral myofibroblasts. Arecoline 33-42 angiogenin Homo sapiens 12-15 30246378-9 2019 In vitro, arecoline increased ROS along with upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang-II/AT1R axis and NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1beta axis in human oral myofibroblasts, which were reduced by NOX4 inhibitor VAS2870, ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, and NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Arecoline 10-19 angiotensinogen Homo sapiens 101-107 30246378-12 2019 In summary, Ang-(1-7) attenuates arecoline-induced migration and collagen synthesis via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in human oral myofibroblasts. Arecoline 33-42 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 Homo sapiens 99-104 30246378-9 2019 In vitro, arecoline increased ROS along with upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang-II/AT1R axis and NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1beta axis in human oral myofibroblasts, which were reduced by NOX4 inhibitor VAS2870, ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, and NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Arecoline 10-19 angiotensin II receptor type 1 Homo sapiens 108-112 30246378-9 2019 In vitro, arecoline increased ROS along with upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang-II/AT1R axis and NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1beta axis in human oral myofibroblasts, which were reduced by NOX4 inhibitor VAS2870, ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, and NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Arecoline 10-19 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 Homo sapiens 122-127 30246378-9 2019 In vitro, arecoline increased ROS along with upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang-II/AT1R axis and NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1beta axis in human oral myofibroblasts, which were reduced by NOX4 inhibitor VAS2870, ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, and NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Arecoline 10-19 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 141-158 30246378-9 2019 In vitro, arecoline increased ROS along with upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang-II/AT1R axis and NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1beta axis in human oral myofibroblasts, which were reduced by NOX4 inhibitor VAS2870, ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, and NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Arecoline 10-19 NADPH oxidase 4 Homo sapiens 216-220 30246378-9 2019 In vitro, arecoline increased ROS along with upregulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang-II/AT1R axis and NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1beta axis in human oral myofibroblasts, which were reduced by NOX4 inhibitor VAS2870, ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, and NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Arecoline 10-19 NADPH oxidase 4 Homo sapiens 276-280 30925742-11 2019 Taken together, our findings suggest that mAChR3 might play an essential role in Arecoline-promoted EGFR/c-Src/Fak activation and migration in an A549 lung cancer cell line. Arecoline 81-90 cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma polypeptide Mus musculus 42-48 30925742-0 2019 Arecoline Promotes Migration of A549 Lung Cancer Cells through Activating the EGFR/Src/FAK Pathway. Arecoline 0-9 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 78-82 30925742-11 2019 Taken together, our findings suggest that mAChR3 might play an essential role in Arecoline-promoted EGFR/c-Src/Fak activation and migration in an A549 lung cancer cell line. Arecoline 81-90 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 100-104 30925742-0 2019 Arecoline Promotes Migration of A549 Lung Cancer Cells through Activating the EGFR/Src/FAK Pathway. Arecoline 0-9 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 83-86 30925742-11 2019 Taken together, our findings suggest that mAChR3 might play an essential role in Arecoline-promoted EGFR/c-Src/Fak activation and migration in an A549 lung cancer cell line. Arecoline 81-90 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 105-110 30925742-11 2019 Taken together, our findings suggest that mAChR3 might play an essential role in Arecoline-promoted EGFR/c-Src/Fak activation and migration in an A549 lung cancer cell line. Arecoline 81-90 protein tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 111-114 30925742-0 2019 Arecoline Promotes Migration of A549 Lung Cancer Cells through Activating the EGFR/Src/FAK Pathway. Arecoline 0-9 protein tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 87-90 30925742-4 2019 Here, we investigated the effect of Arecoline on migration in lung cancer cell lines and its potential mechanism through the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 (mAChR3)-triggered EGFR/Src/FAK pathway. Arecoline 36-45 cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma polypeptide Mus musculus 162-168 30925742-4 2019 Here, we investigated the effect of Arecoline on migration in lung cancer cell lines and its potential mechanism through the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 (mAChR3)-triggered EGFR/Src/FAK pathway. Arecoline 36-45 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 180-184 30925742-4 2019 Here, we investigated the effect of Arecoline on migration in lung cancer cell lines and its potential mechanism through the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 (mAChR3)-triggered EGFR/Src/FAK pathway. Arecoline 36-45 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 185-188 30925742-4 2019 Here, we investigated the effect of Arecoline on migration in lung cancer cell lines and its potential mechanism through the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 (mAChR3)-triggered EGFR/Src/FAK pathway. Arecoline 36-45 protein tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 189-192 30893904-8 2019 In vitro studies indicated that EGCG suppressed arecoline-induced ESCC cell proliferation and colony formation through the inhibition of the Akt and ERK1/2 pathway in a reactive oxygen species-independent manner. Arecoline 48-57 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 141-144 30925742-7 2019 The EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway, which is responsible for cell migration, was activated by Arecoline treatment, and a decreased expression level of E-cadherin, which is an epithelial marker, was observed in Arecoline-treated cell lines. Arecoline 86-95 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 4-8 30925742-7 2019 The EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway, which is responsible for cell migration, was activated by Arecoline treatment, and a decreased expression level of E-cadherin, which is an epithelial marker, was observed in Arecoline-treated cell lines. Arecoline 86-95 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 9-14 30925742-7 2019 The EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway, which is responsible for cell migration, was activated by Arecoline treatment, and a decreased expression level of E-cadherin, which is an epithelial marker, was observed in Arecoline-treated cell lines. Arecoline 86-95 protein tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 15-18 30925742-7 2019 The EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway, which is responsible for cell migration, was activated by Arecoline treatment, and a decreased expression level of E-cadherin, which is an epithelial marker, was observed in Arecoline-treated cell lines. Arecoline 202-211 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 4-8 30925742-7 2019 The EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway, which is responsible for cell migration, was activated by Arecoline treatment, and a decreased expression level of E-cadherin, which is an epithelial marker, was observed in Arecoline-treated cell lines. Arecoline 202-211 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 9-14 30925742-7 2019 The EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway, which is responsible for cell migration, was activated by Arecoline treatment, and a decreased expression level of E-cadherin, which is an epithelial marker, was observed in Arecoline-treated cell lines. Arecoline 202-211 protein tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 15-18 30925742-7 2019 The EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway, which is responsible for cell migration, was activated by Arecoline treatment, and a decreased expression level of E-cadherin, which is an epithelial marker, was observed in Arecoline-treated cell lines. Arecoline 202-211 cadherin 1 Homo sapiens 143-153 30925742-8 2019 Blockade of the EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway with the inhibitors of EGFR (Gefitinib) or c-Src (Dasatinib) significantly prevented Arecoline-promoted migration in A549 cells. Arecoline 124-133 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 16-20 30925742-8 2019 Blockade of the EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway with the inhibitors of EGFR (Gefitinib) or c-Src (Dasatinib) significantly prevented Arecoline-promoted migration in A549 cells. Arecoline 124-133 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 21-26 30925742-8 2019 Blockade of the EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway with the inhibitors of EGFR (Gefitinib) or c-Src (Dasatinib) significantly prevented Arecoline-promoted migration in A549 cells. Arecoline 124-133 protein tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 27-30 30925742-8 2019 Blockade of the EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway with the inhibitors of EGFR (Gefitinib) or c-Src (Dasatinib) significantly prevented Arecoline-promoted migration in A549 cells. Arecoline 124-133 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 62-66 30925742-8 2019 Blockade of the EGFR/c-Src/Fak pathway with the inhibitors of EGFR (Gefitinib) or c-Src (Dasatinib) significantly prevented Arecoline-promoted migration in A549 cells. Arecoline 124-133 SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Homo sapiens 82-87 30925742-9 2019 Gefitinib or Dasatinib treatment significantly disrupted the Arecoline-induced localization of phospho-Y576-Fak during focal adhesion in A549 cells. Arecoline 61-70 protein tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 108-111 30925742-10 2019 Interestingly, Arecoline-promoted migration in A549 cells was blocked by a specific mAChR3 inhibitor (4-DAMP) or a neutralizing antibody of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP7 or Matrilysin). Arecoline 15-24 cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma polypeptide Mus musculus 84-90 30925742-10 2019 Interestingly, Arecoline-promoted migration in A549 cells was blocked by a specific mAChR3 inhibitor (4-DAMP) or a neutralizing antibody of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP7 or Matrilysin). Arecoline 15-24 matrix metallopeptidase 7 Homo sapiens 166-170 30925742-10 2019 Interestingly, Arecoline-promoted migration in A549 cells was blocked by a specific mAChR3 inhibitor (4-DAMP) or a neutralizing antibody of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP7 or Matrilysin). Arecoline 15-24 matrix metallopeptidase 7 Homo sapiens 174-184 30893904-8 2019 In vitro studies indicated that EGCG suppressed arecoline-induced ESCC cell proliferation and colony formation through the inhibition of the Akt and ERK1/2 pathway in a reactive oxygen species-independent manner. Arecoline 48-57 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Homo sapiens 149-155 30214523-7 2018 It may be concluded that in the process of protecting against arecoline-induced hepatic injury, glutathione cooperates with mTOR and beclin 1 to accelerate autophagy, maintaining stable cell morphology and cellular functions. Arecoline 62-71 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Mus musculus 124-128 30447113-9 2019 We further demonstrated that silence of LINC00974 prevented the arecoline-induced myofibroblast activation, and LINC00974-increased myofibroblast activities were via TGF-beta pathway. Arecoline 64-73 long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 974 Homo sapiens 40-49 30447113-10 2019 CONCLUSION: Altogether, these findings suggested that arecoline-increased myofibroblast transdifferentiation was via LINC00974-mediated activation of TGF-beta signaling. Arecoline 54-63 long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 974 Homo sapiens 117-126 30447113-10 2019 CONCLUSION: Altogether, these findings suggested that arecoline-increased myofibroblast transdifferentiation was via LINC00974-mediated activation of TGF-beta signaling. Arecoline 54-63 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 150-158 30214523-7 2018 It may be concluded that in the process of protecting against arecoline-induced hepatic injury, glutathione cooperates with mTOR and beclin 1 to accelerate autophagy, maintaining stable cell morphology and cellular functions. Arecoline 62-71 beclin 1, autophagy related Mus musculus 133-141 30011295-6 2018 Pre-treatment with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, prevented the actions of arecoline on cell viability, G2/M growth arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the levels of CDK1, p21, p27, p53, cyclin B1, and phospho-AMPK proteins. Arecoline 79-88 cyclin dependent kinase 1 Homo sapiens 188-192 29457855-4 2018 Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to investigate to levels of CD147 in Human Oral Keratinocytes (HOKs) followed by TGF-beta1 or LY2157299, an inhibitor of TGF-beta1 receptor and arecoline stimulation. Arecoline 194-203 basigin (Ok blood group) Homo sapiens 78-83 29457855-7 2018 The TGF-beta1 signaling pathway was found to be mainly responsible for CD147 up-regulation after arecoline treatment whereas inhibition of TGF-beta1 down-regulated CD147 expression. Arecoline 97-106 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 4-13 29457855-7 2018 The TGF-beta1 signaling pathway was found to be mainly responsible for CD147 up-regulation after arecoline treatment whereas inhibition of TGF-beta1 down-regulated CD147 expression. Arecoline 97-106 basigin (Ok blood group) Homo sapiens 71-76 29457855-8 2018 CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest arecoline promotes CD147 expression via the TGF-beta1 signaling pathway in HOKs, whereas overexpression of CD147 may promote OSF progression. Arecoline 33-42 basigin (Ok blood group) Homo sapiens 52-57 29457855-8 2018 CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest arecoline promotes CD147 expression via the TGF-beta1 signaling pathway in HOKs, whereas overexpression of CD147 may promote OSF progression. Arecoline 33-42 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 77-86 29249416-7 2018 Ectopic expression of GAS5-AS1 significantly reduced the abilities of collagen gel contraction and migration in fBMFs or arecoline-treated BMFs. Arecoline 121-130 growth arrest specific 5 Homo sapiens 22-26 29249416-7 2018 Ectopic expression of GAS5-AS1 significantly reduced the abilities of collagen gel contraction and migration in fBMFs or arecoline-treated BMFs. Arecoline 121-130 prostaglandin D2 receptor Homo sapiens 27-30 29893466-5 2018 Treatment of arecoline in BMFs dose-dependently reduced gene expression of miR-200b, which corresponded with the decreased expression of miR-200b in fBMFs. Arecoline 13-22 microRNA 200b Homo sapiens 75-83 29893466-5 2018 Treatment of arecoline in BMFs dose-dependently reduced gene expression of miR-200b, which corresponded with the decreased expression of miR-200b in fBMFs. Arecoline 13-22 microRNA 200b Homo sapiens 137-145 29893466-6 2018 The arecoline-induced myofibroblast activities were abolished by overexpression of miR-200b in BMFs, and the same results were observed in fBMFs. Arecoline 4-13 microRNA 200b Homo sapiens 83-91 30148841-0 2018 Exposure to nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone and arecoline synergistically facilitates tumor aggressiveness via overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor and its downstream signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Arecoline 52-61 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 133-165 30148841-6 2018 We detected abundant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in HNSCC cells after combined treatment with NNK and arecoline. Arecoline 125-134 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 21-53 30148841-6 2018 We detected abundant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in HNSCC cells after combined treatment with NNK and arecoline. Arecoline 125-134 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 55-59 30148841-8 2018 Combined treatment with NNK and arecoline synergistically facilitated tumor aggressiveness via EGFR-AKT signaling. Arecoline 32-41 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 95-99 30148841-8 2018 Combined treatment with NNK and arecoline synergistically facilitated tumor aggressiveness via EGFR-AKT signaling. Arecoline 32-41 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 100-103 30011295-0 2018 Arecoline inhibits the growth of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes via AMP-activated protein kinase and reactive oxygen species pathways. Arecoline 0-9 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 58-86 30011295-3 2018 Arecoline arrested preadipocyte growth in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; decreased the total levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), p21, and p27 proteins; increased p53 and cyclin B1 protein levels; and had no effect on CDK2 protein levels. Arecoline 0-9 cyclin dependent kinase 1 Homo sapiens 106-131 30011295-3 2018 Arecoline arrested preadipocyte growth in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; decreased the total levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), p21, and p27 proteins; increased p53 and cyclin B1 protein levels; and had no effect on CDK2 protein levels. Arecoline 0-9 cyclin dependent kinase 1 Homo sapiens 133-137 30011295-3 2018 Arecoline arrested preadipocyte growth in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; decreased the total levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), p21, and p27 proteins; increased p53 and cyclin B1 protein levels; and had no effect on CDK2 protein levels. Arecoline 0-9 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Homo sapiens 140-143 30011295-3 2018 Arecoline arrested preadipocyte growth in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; decreased the total levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), p21, and p27 proteins; increased p53 and cyclin B1 protein levels; and had no effect on CDK2 protein levels. Arecoline 0-9 interferon alpha inducible protein 27 Homo sapiens 149-152 30011295-6 2018 Pre-treatment with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, prevented the actions of arecoline on cell viability, G2/M growth arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the levels of CDK1, p21, p27, p53, cyclin B1, and phospho-AMPK proteins. Arecoline 79-88 cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Homo sapiens 194-197 30011295-3 2018 Arecoline arrested preadipocyte growth in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; decreased the total levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), p21, and p27 proteins; increased p53 and cyclin B1 protein levels; and had no effect on CDK2 protein levels. Arecoline 0-9 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 173-176 30011295-6 2018 Pre-treatment with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, prevented the actions of arecoline on cell viability, G2/M growth arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the levels of CDK1, p21, p27, p53, cyclin B1, and phospho-AMPK proteins. Arecoline 79-88 interferon alpha inducible protein 27 Homo sapiens 199-202 30011295-3 2018 Arecoline arrested preadipocyte growth in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; decreased the total levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), p21, and p27 proteins; increased p53 and cyclin B1 protein levels; and had no effect on CDK2 protein levels. Arecoline 0-9 cyclin B1 Homo sapiens 181-190 30011295-6 2018 Pre-treatment with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, prevented the actions of arecoline on cell viability, G2/M growth arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the levels of CDK1, p21, p27, p53, cyclin B1, and phospho-AMPK proteins. Arecoline 79-88 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 204-207 30011295-3 2018 Arecoline arrested preadipocyte growth in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle; decreased the total levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), p21, and p27 proteins; increased p53 and cyclin B1 protein levels; and had no effect on CDK2 protein levels. Arecoline 0-9 cyclin dependent kinase 2 Homo sapiens 228-232 30011295-6 2018 Pre-treatment with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, prevented the actions of arecoline on cell viability, G2/M growth arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the levels of CDK1, p21, p27, p53, cyclin B1, and phospho-AMPK proteins. Arecoline 79-88 cyclin B1 Homo sapiens 209-218 30011295-4 2018 These results suggested that arecoline selectively affected a particular CDK subfamily. Arecoline 29-38 cyclin dependent kinase 1 Homo sapiens 73-76 30011295-6 2018 Pre-treatment with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, prevented the actions of arecoline on cell viability, G2/M growth arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the levels of CDK1, p21, p27, p53, cyclin B1, and phospho-AMPK proteins. Arecoline 79-88 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 232-236 30011295-5 2018 Arecoline inhibited AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity; conversely, the AMPK activator, AICAR, blocked the arecoline-induced inhibition of cell viability. Arecoline 0-9 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 20-48 30011295-5 2018 Arecoline inhibited AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity; conversely, the AMPK activator, AICAR, blocked the arecoline-induced inhibition of cell viability. Arecoline 0-9 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 50-54 30011295-5 2018 Arecoline inhibited AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity; conversely, the AMPK activator, AICAR, blocked the arecoline-induced inhibition of cell viability. Arecoline 117-126 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 82-86 30011295-7 2018 These AMPK- and ROS-dependent effects of arecoline on preadipocyte growth may be related to the mechanism underlying the modulatory effect of arecoline on body weight. Arecoline 41-50 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 6-10 30011295-7 2018 These AMPK- and ROS-dependent effects of arecoline on preadipocyte growth may be related to the mechanism underlying the modulatory effect of arecoline on body weight. Arecoline 142-151 protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2 Homo sapiens 6-10 28704075-2 2018 The nut contains arecoline, which has multiple side effects on endocrine functions. Arecoline 17-26 NUT midline carcinoma, family member 1 Rattus norvegicus 4-7 28550687-0 2018 Tanshinone Suppresses Arecoline-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Epigenetically Reactivating the p53 Pathway. Arecoline 22-31 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 136-139 28550687-7 2018 In addition, p53 and its downstream molecules were decreased by arecoline treatment in oral mucosal fibroblasts, which was reversed by treatment with TSN in a dose-dependent manner. Arecoline 64-73 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 13-16 28550687-8 2018 Our results also revealed that arecoline stimulation resulted in hypermethylation of the promoter of TP53 and subsequent downregulation of p53 levels, which was reversed by TSN. Arecoline 31-40 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 101-105 28550687-8 2018 Our results also revealed that arecoline stimulation resulted in hypermethylation of the promoter of TP53 and subsequent downregulation of p53 levels, which was reversed by TSN. Arecoline 31-40 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 139-142 28365254-0 2017 Regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha in human buccal mucosal fibroblasts stimulated with arecoline. Arecoline 98-107 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 14-45 29385191-0 2018 Effects of arecoline on proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by dysregulating c-Myc and miR-22, directly targeting oncostatin M. Arecoline 11-20 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 93-98 29385191-0 2018 Effects of arecoline on proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by dysregulating c-Myc and miR-22, directly targeting oncostatin M. Arecoline 11-20 microRNA 22 Homo sapiens 103-109 29385191-0 2018 Effects of arecoline on proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by dysregulating c-Myc and miR-22, directly targeting oncostatin M. Arecoline 11-20 oncostatin M Homo sapiens 130-142 29385191-5 2018 Interestingly, c-myc promoter activity was also induced by arecoline. Arecoline 59-68 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 15-20 29385191-6 2018 MiR-22 expression in arecoline-treated OSCC cells was suppressed and comparable to an upregulated c-Myc expression. Arecoline 21-30 microRNA 22 Homo sapiens 0-6 29385191-7 2018 In arecoline-treated OSCC cells, oncostatin M (OSM) expression was significantly upregulated and inversely correlated with miR-22 expression. Arecoline 3-12 oncostatin M Homo sapiens 33-45 29385191-7 2018 In arecoline-treated OSCC cells, oncostatin M (OSM) expression was significantly upregulated and inversely correlated with miR-22 expression. Arecoline 3-12 microRNA 22 Homo sapiens 123-129 29385191-11 2018 This result suggested the effect of arecoline to promote cell proliferation and cell-cycle progression of OSCC cells might be involved in induction of c-Myc expression and reduction of miR-22 resulting in OSM upregulation. Arecoline 36-45 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 151-156 29385191-11 2018 This result suggested the effect of arecoline to promote cell proliferation and cell-cycle progression of OSCC cells might be involved in induction of c-Myc expression and reduction of miR-22 resulting in OSM upregulation. Arecoline 36-45 microRNA 22 Homo sapiens 185-191 29158789-7 2017 Results: Arecoline increased lactate and ATP production through induction of glycolytic genes, including glucose transporter 3 (Glut3), hexokinase 1 (HK1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), and pyruvate kinase (PK). Arecoline 9-18 solute carrier family 2 member 3 Homo sapiens 105-126 29158789-7 2017 Results: Arecoline increased lactate and ATP production through induction of glycolytic genes, including glucose transporter 3 (Glut3), hexokinase 1 (HK1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), and pyruvate kinase (PK). Arecoline 9-18 solute carrier family 2 member 3 Homo sapiens 128-133 29158789-7 2017 Results: Arecoline increased lactate and ATP production through induction of glycolytic genes, including glucose transporter 3 (Glut3), hexokinase 1 (HK1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), and pyruvate kinase (PK). Arecoline 9-18 hexokinase 1 Homo sapiens 136-148 29158789-7 2017 Results: Arecoline increased lactate and ATP production through induction of glycolytic genes, including glucose transporter 3 (Glut3), hexokinase 1 (HK1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), and pyruvate kinase (PK). Arecoline 9-18 hexokinase 1 Homo sapiens 150-153 29158789-7 2017 Results: Arecoline increased lactate and ATP production through induction of glycolytic genes, including glucose transporter 3 (Glut3), hexokinase 1 (HK1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), and pyruvate kinase (PK). Arecoline 9-18 hexokinase 2 Homo sapiens 156-168 29158789-7 2017 Results: Arecoline increased lactate and ATP production through induction of glycolytic genes, including glucose transporter 3 (Glut3), hexokinase 1 (HK1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), and pyruvate kinase (PK). Arecoline 9-18 hexokinase 2 Homo sapiens 170-173 28693294-0 2017 Upregulated expression of MMP-9 in gingival epithelial cells induced by prolonged stimulation with arecoline. Arecoline 99-108 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 26-31 28693294-3 2017 In the present study, in order to characterize the association between chronic arecoline stimulation and carcinogenesis the expression level of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 mRNA in human gingival epithelial progenitor cells (HGEPs) stimulated with arecoline was assessed. Arecoline 79-88 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 144-176 28693294-5 2017 The expression levels of the MMPs and TIMPs in the cells stimulated with arecoline were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction at 18 and 30 days. Arecoline 73-82 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 29-33 28693294-10 2017 All inhibitors decreased the extent of MMP-9 upregulation induced by stimulation with arecoline. Arecoline 86-95 matrix metallopeptidase 9 Homo sapiens 39-44 28365254-4 2017 Arecoline, the major areca nut alkaloid, was also found to elevate HIF-1alpha mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). Arecoline 0-9 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 67-77 28365254-5 2017 Moreover, arecoline-induced HIF-1alpha expression was downregulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor U0126, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, p38 inhibitor SB203580, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398, and glutathione precursor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (p<0.05). Arecoline 10-19 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 28-38 28365254-5 2017 Moreover, arecoline-induced HIF-1alpha expression was downregulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor U0126, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, p38 inhibitor SB203580, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398, and glutathione precursor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (p<0.05). Arecoline 10-19 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 171-174 28365254-5 2017 Moreover, arecoline-induced HIF-1alpha expression was downregulated by mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor U0126, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002, p38 inhibitor SB203580, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398, and glutathione precursor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (p<0.05). Arecoline 10-19 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 195-211 28233766-8 2017 The results indicated that arecoline increased the messenger RNA and protein expression of CCN2 and alpha-SMA in HGF. Arecoline 27-36 cellular communication network factor 2 Homo sapiens 91-95 28233766-8 2017 The results indicated that arecoline increased the messenger RNA and protein expression of CCN2 and alpha-SMA in HGF. Arecoline 27-36 hepatocyte growth factor Homo sapiens 113-116 27557511-4 2016 OE cells with chronic arecoline exposure resulted in increased ALDH1 population, CD44 positivity, stemness-related transcription factors (Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2), epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) traits, chemoresistance, migration/invasiveness/anchorage independent growth and in vivo tumor growth as compared to their untreated controls. Arecoline 22-31 POU class 5 homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 138-142 29926602-6 2017 CONCLUSIONS: Arecoline significantly increased lipolysis of 3T3-L1 adipocyte, which might be associated with decreased the FAS expression of key enzyme of lipid synthesis and increased the ATGL and HSL expression of key enzyme of adipolysis. Arecoline 13-22 fatty acid synthase Homo sapiens 123-126 29926602-6 2017 CONCLUSIONS: Arecoline significantly increased lipolysis of 3T3-L1 adipocyte, which might be associated with decreased the FAS expression of key enzyme of lipid synthesis and increased the ATGL and HSL expression of key enzyme of adipolysis. Arecoline 13-22 patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2 Homo sapiens 189-193 29926602-6 2017 CONCLUSIONS: Arecoline significantly increased lipolysis of 3T3-L1 adipocyte, which might be associated with decreased the FAS expression of key enzyme of lipid synthesis and increased the ATGL and HSL expression of key enzyme of adipolysis. Arecoline 13-22 lipase E, hormone sensitive type Homo sapiens 198-201 27648737-0 2017 Down-regulation of beta-catenin and the associated migration ability by Taiwanin C in arecoline and 4-NQO-induced oral cancer cells via GSK-3beta activation. Arecoline 86-95 catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1 Mus musculus 19-31 27648737-0 2017 Down-regulation of beta-catenin and the associated migration ability by Taiwanin C in arecoline and 4-NQO-induced oral cancer cells via GSK-3beta activation. Arecoline 86-95 glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta Mus musculus 136-145 27557511-4 2016 OE cells with chronic arecoline exposure resulted in increased ALDH1 population, CD44 positivity, stemness-related transcription factors (Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2), epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) traits, chemoresistance, migration/invasiveness/anchorage independent growth and in vivo tumor growth as compared to their untreated controls. Arecoline 22-31 SRY-box transcription factor 2 Homo sapiens 155-159 27557511-5 2016 Mechanistically, ectopic miR-145 over-expression in chronic arecoline-exposed OE (AOE) cells inhibited the cancer stemness and xenografic. Arecoline 60-69 microRNA 145 Homo sapiens 25-32 27405178-0 2016 [Induction of rat hepatic CYP2E1 expression by arecoline in vivo]. Arecoline 47-56 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1 Rattus norvegicus 26-32 26464283-0 2016 Helioxanthin suppresses the cross talk of COX-2/PGE2 and EGFR/ERK pathway to inhibit Arecoline-induced Oral Cancer Cell (T28) proliferation and blocks tumor growth in xenografted nude mice. Arecoline 85-94 epidermal growth factor receptor Mus musculus 57-61 26464283-0 2016 Helioxanthin suppresses the cross talk of COX-2/PGE2 and EGFR/ERK pathway to inhibit Arecoline-induced Oral Cancer Cell (T28) proliferation and blocks tumor growth in xenografted nude mice. Arecoline 85-94 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Mus musculus 62-65 27845370-10 2016 Consistently, silencing ST3GAL2 was found to repress arecoline-induced myofibroblast activity in BMFs. Arecoline 53-62 ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 2 Homo sapiens 24-31 27221705-4 2016 We found that 4NQO and arecoline upregulated miR-211 expression in OSCC cells. Arecoline 23-32 microRNA 211 Homo sapiens 45-52 27255601-5 2016 We found that treatment of PC12 cells with arecoline induced the down-regulation of cells viability and up-regulation of apoptosis and the activity of caspase-3, indicating the neurotoxic role of arecoline to PC12 cells. Arecoline 43-52 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 151-160 27255601-5 2016 We found that treatment of PC12 cells with arecoline induced the down-regulation of cells viability and up-regulation of apoptosis and the activity of caspase-3, indicating the neurotoxic role of arecoline to PC12 cells. Arecoline 196-205 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 151-160 27255601-6 2016 In addition, arecoline also increased the expression of Bax (pro-apoptotic protein) and attenuated the expression of Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic protein) in PC12 cells. Arecoline 13-22 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 56-59 27255601-6 2016 In addition, arecoline also increased the expression of Bax (pro-apoptotic protein) and attenuated the expression of Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic protein) in PC12 cells. Arecoline 13-22 BCL2, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 117-122 27255601-7 2016 Simultaneously, arecoline caused excessive ER stress in PC12 cells, as evidenced by the up-regulations of Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and Cleaved caspase-12 expressions. Arecoline 16-25 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5 Rattus norvegicus 106-134 27255601-7 2016 Simultaneously, arecoline caused excessive ER stress in PC12 cells, as evidenced by the up-regulations of Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and Cleaved caspase-12 expressions. Arecoline 16-25 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5 Rattus norvegicus 136-141 27255601-7 2016 Simultaneously, arecoline caused excessive ER stress in PC12 cells, as evidenced by the up-regulations of Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and Cleaved caspase-12 expressions. Arecoline 16-25 DNA-damage inducible transcript 3 Rattus norvegicus 144-193 27255601-7 2016 Simultaneously, arecoline caused excessive ER stress in PC12 cells, as evidenced by the up-regulations of Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and Cleaved caspase-12 expressions. Arecoline 16-25 DNA-damage inducible transcript 3 Rattus norvegicus 195-199 27255601-7 2016 Simultaneously, arecoline caused excessive ER stress in PC12 cells, as evidenced by the up-regulations of Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and Cleaved caspase-12 expressions. Arecoline 16-25 caspase 12 Rattus norvegicus 214-224 29931964-2 2016 METHODS: Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were treated with arecoline at the concentrations of 0,10,30,50, 100,300,500mumol/L, the cell proliferation were detected by MTT assay, cell apoptosis were analyzed by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cy-tometry, the protein expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and P53 were detected by Western blot. Arecoline 59-68 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 279-282 29931964-2 2016 METHODS: Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were treated with arecoline at the concentrations of 0,10,30,50, 100,300,500mumol/L, the cell proliferation were detected by MTT assay, cell apoptosis were analyzed by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cy-tometry, the protein expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and P53 were detected by Western blot. Arecoline 59-68 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 283-288 29931964-2 2016 METHODS: Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were treated with arecoline at the concentrations of 0,10,30,50, 100,300,500mumol/L, the cell proliferation were detected by MTT assay, cell apoptosis were analyzed by Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cy-tometry, the protein expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and P53 were detected by Western blot. Arecoline 59-68 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 293-296 29931964-4 2016 However, high concentration(100,300,500mumol/L) arecoline inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, arecoline also significantly increased P53 and Bax protein expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression. Arecoline 48-57 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 240-245 29931964-4 2016 However, high concentration(100,300,500mumol/L) arecoline inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, arecoline also significantly increased P53 and Bax protein expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression. Arecoline 156-165 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 195-198 29931964-4 2016 However, high concentration(100,300,500mumol/L) arecoline inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, arecoline also significantly increased P53 and Bax protein expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression. Arecoline 156-165 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 203-206 29931964-4 2016 However, high concentration(100,300,500mumol/L) arecoline inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, arecoline also significantly increased P53 and Bax protein expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression. Arecoline 156-165 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 240-245 29931964-5 2016 CONCLUSIONS: High concentration arecoline inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells, the mechanism was probably corrected with increasing P53 and Bax protein expression and decreasing Bcl-2 pro-tein expression. Arecoline 32-41 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 165-168 29931964-5 2016 CONCLUSIONS: High concentration arecoline inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells, the mechanism was probably corrected with increasing P53 and Bax protein expression and decreasing Bcl-2 pro-tein expression. Arecoline 32-41 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 173-176 29931964-5 2016 CONCLUSIONS: High concentration arecoline inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells, the mechanism was probably corrected with increasing P53 and Bax protein expression and decreasing Bcl-2 pro-tein expression. Arecoline 32-41 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 211-216 27432155-9 2016 Furthermore, in a murine model of carcinogen-induced (arecoline cocktail, an active compound of ANE) oral cancer, Krt17 was significantly up-regulated in all hyperplastic tissues and in carcinoma tissues (p < 0.001). Arecoline 54-63 keratin 17 Mus musculus 114-119 26908192-0 2016 Arecoline-induced pro-fibrotic proteins in LLC-PK1 cells are dependent on c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Arecoline 0-9 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Sus scrofa 74-97 26908192-5 2016 Arecoline (0.25 mM) also time-dependently (24-72h) increased fibronectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI1) protein expressions. Arecoline 0-9 fibronectin 1 Mus musculus 61-72 26908192-5 2016 Arecoline (0.25 mM) also time-dependently (24-72h) increased fibronectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI1) protein expressions. Arecoline 0-9 serpin family E member 1 Sus scrofa 77-110 26908192-5 2016 Arecoline (0.25 mM) also time-dependently (24-72h) increased fibronectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI1) protein expressions. Arecoline 0-9 serpin family E member 1 Sus scrofa 112-116 26908192-6 2016 Arecoline (0.25 mM) time-dependently (24-72h) increased TGF-beta gene transcriptional activity and supernatant levels of active TGF-beta1. Arecoline 0-9 transforming growth factor beta 1 Sus scrofa 128-137 26908192-7 2016 Moreover, arecoline (0.25 mM) activated JNK while SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) attenuated arecoline-induced TGF-beta gene transcriptional activity. Arecoline 10-19 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Sus scrofa 40-43 26908192-7 2016 Moreover, arecoline (0.25 mM) activated JNK while SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) attenuated arecoline-induced TGF-beta gene transcriptional activity. Arecoline 88-97 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Sus scrofa 62-65 26908192-8 2016 SP600125, but not SB431542 (a TGF-beta receptor type I kinase inhibitor), attenuated arecoline-induced fibronectin and PAI1 protein expressions. Arecoline 85-94 fibronectin 1 Mus musculus 103-114 26908192-8 2016 SP600125, but not SB431542 (a TGF-beta receptor type I kinase inhibitor), attenuated arecoline-induced fibronectin and PAI1 protein expressions. Arecoline 85-94 serpin family E member 1 Sus scrofa 119-123 26908192-9 2016 Finally, tubulointerstitial fibrosis occurred and renal cortical expressions of fibronectin and PAI1 proteins increased in arecoline-fed mice at 24 weeks. Arecoline 123-132 fibronectin 1 Mus musculus 80-91 26908192-9 2016 Finally, tubulointerstitial fibrosis occurred and renal cortical expressions of fibronectin and PAI1 proteins increased in arecoline-fed mice at 24 weeks. Arecoline 123-132 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1 Mus musculus 96-100 26908192-10 2016 We concluded that arecoline induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mice while arecoline-induced TGF-beta and pro-fibrotic proteins (fibronectin, PAI1) are dependent on JNK in LLC-PK1 cells. Arecoline 78-87 fibronectin 1 Mus musculus 132-143 26908192-10 2016 We concluded that arecoline induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mice while arecoline-induced TGF-beta and pro-fibrotic proteins (fibronectin, PAI1) are dependent on JNK in LLC-PK1 cells. Arecoline 78-87 serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1 Mus musculus 145-149 26908192-10 2016 We concluded that arecoline induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mice while arecoline-induced TGF-beta and pro-fibrotic proteins (fibronectin, PAI1) are dependent on JNK in LLC-PK1 cells. Arecoline 78-87 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Mus musculus 168-171 27405178-1 2016 The regulation mechanism of arecoline on rat hepatic CYP2E1 was studied in vivo. Arecoline 28-37 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1 Rattus norvegicus 53-59 27405178-4 2016 The results indicate that the effect of arecoline on rat hepaticdoes not involve transcriptional activation of the gene, but largely involves the stabilization of CYP2E1 protein against degradation or increased efficiency of CYP2E1 mRNA translation, and additionally involve the post- ranslational modification of CYP2E1 protein. Arecoline 40-49 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1 Rattus norvegicus 163-169 27405178-4 2016 The results indicate that the effect of arecoline on rat hepaticdoes not involve transcriptional activation of the gene, but largely involves the stabilization of CYP2E1 protein against degradation or increased efficiency of CYP2E1 mRNA translation, and additionally involve the post- ranslational modification of CYP2E1 protein. Arecoline 40-49 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1 Rattus norvegicus 225-231 27405178-4 2016 The results indicate that the effect of arecoline on rat hepaticdoes not involve transcriptional activation of the gene, but largely involves the stabilization of CYP2E1 protein against degradation or increased efficiency of CYP2E1 mRNA translation, and additionally involve the post- ranslational modification of CYP2E1 protein. Arecoline 40-49 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1 Rattus norvegicus 225-231 27405178-5 2016 Furthermore, the CYP2E1 response is fairly equal among the different species, the induction of rat hepatic CYP2E1 by arecoline suggests that there is a risk of metabolic interaction among the substrate drugs of CYP2E1 in betel-quid use human. Arecoline 117-126 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1 Rattus norvegicus 107-113 27405178-5 2016 Furthermore, the CYP2E1 response is fairly equal among the different species, the induction of rat hepatic CYP2E1 by arecoline suggests that there is a risk of metabolic interaction among the substrate drugs of CYP2E1 in betel-quid use human. Arecoline 117-126 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1 Rattus norvegicus 107-113 25697104-1 2015 OBJECTIVES: The expression levels of two DNA repair genes (CHAF1A and CHAF1B) and a chromosome segregation gene (AURKA) were susceptible to arecoline exposure, a major alkaloid of areca nut. Arecoline 140-149 chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit A Homo sapiens 59-65 25697104-1 2015 OBJECTIVES: The expression levels of two DNA repair genes (CHAF1A and CHAF1B) and a chromosome segregation gene (AURKA) were susceptible to arecoline exposure, a major alkaloid of areca nut. Arecoline 140-149 chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit B Homo sapiens 70-76 25697104-1 2015 OBJECTIVES: The expression levels of two DNA repair genes (CHAF1A and CHAF1B) and a chromosome segregation gene (AURKA) were susceptible to arecoline exposure, a major alkaloid of areca nut. Arecoline 140-149 aurora kinase A Homo sapiens 113-118 25912158-0 2015 Knockdown of S100A4 impairs arecoline-induced invasiveness of oral squamous cell carcinomas. Arecoline 28-37 S100 calcium binding protein A4 Homo sapiens 13-19 25726847-4 2015 Arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, was to explore whether expression of Lin28B could be changed dose dependent in oral epithelial cells. Arecoline 0-9 lin-28 homolog B Homo sapiens 76-82 25726847-5 2015 Control and Lin28B-knockdown arecoline-stimulated oral epithelial cells were subjected to migration/invasion/anchorage-independent growth assay. Arecoline 29-38 lin-28 homolog B Homo sapiens 12-18 25726847-8 2015 Arecoline treatment dose dependently induced Lin28B expression in SG and FaDu cells. Arecoline 0-9 lin-28 homolog B Homo sapiens 45-51 25726847-9 2015 Lentiviral-mediated silencing Lin28B expression significantly attenuated arecoline-induced oncogenicity including proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and anchorage-independent growth in SG and FaDu cells. Arecoline 73-82 lin-28 homolog B Homo sapiens 30-36 25367145-10 2015 Arecoline was found to upregulate HIF-1alpha protein in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Arecoline 0-9 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 34-44 25367145-11 2015 Hypoxia increased arecoline-induced PAI-1 protein expression than normoxic conditions (P < 0.05). Arecoline 18-27 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 36-41 25367287-4 2015 METHODS: We set out to explore whether expression of ZEB1 could be triggered in oral epithelial cells (SG and FaDu) by arecoline in vitro. Arecoline 119-128 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 53-57 25367287-5 2015 Control and ZEB1-knockdown arecoline-stimulated SG and FaDu were subjected to migration/invasiveness/anchorage-independent growth assay. Arecoline 27-36 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 12-16 25367287-7 2015 RESULTS: Arecoline led to dose-dependent elevation of ZEB1 expression in SG and FaDu cells. Arecoline 9-18 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 54-58 25367287-8 2015 Downregulation of ZEB1 by lentiviral infection significantly reversed arecoline-induced oncogenicity including migration ability, cell invasiveness, and anchorage-independent growth in SG and FaDu cells. Arecoline 70-79 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 18-22 26275128-6 2015 The detoxifying/antioxidant genes activated by t-CA, especially heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), were found to be involved in its cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress and cell injuries elicited by carcinogens tert-butylhydroperoxide and arecoline. Arecoline 240-249 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 64-80 26275128-6 2015 The detoxifying/antioxidant genes activated by t-CA, especially heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), were found to be involved in its cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress and cell injuries elicited by carcinogens tert-butylhydroperoxide and arecoline. Arecoline 240-249 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 82-86 25529330-0 2015 Arecoline increases basic fibroblast growth factor but reduces expression of IL-1, IL-6, G-CSF and GM-CSF in human umbilical vein endothelium. Arecoline 0-9 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 77-81 25529330-0 2015 Arecoline increases basic fibroblast growth factor but reduces expression of IL-1, IL-6, G-CSF and GM-CSF in human umbilical vein endothelium. Arecoline 0-9 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 83-87 25529330-0 2015 Arecoline increases basic fibroblast growth factor but reduces expression of IL-1, IL-6, G-CSF and GM-CSF in human umbilical vein endothelium. Arecoline 0-9 colony stimulating factor 3 Homo sapiens 89-94 25529330-0 2015 Arecoline increases basic fibroblast growth factor but reduces expression of IL-1, IL-6, G-CSF and GM-CSF in human umbilical vein endothelium. Arecoline 0-9 colony stimulating factor 2 Homo sapiens 99-105 25367145-0 2015 Hypoxic regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in human buccal mucosa fibroblasts stimulated with arecoline. Arecoline 118-127 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 22-55 25912158-4 2015 The functions of S100A4 in invasiveness of arecoline-treated oral epithelial (OE) cells were determined by loss function approaches. Arecoline 43-52 S100 calcium binding protein A4 Homo sapiens 17-23 25912158-7 2015 Arecoline led to dose-dependent elevation of S100A4 expression in oral epithelial (OE) cells. Arecoline 0-9 S100 calcium binding protein A4 Homo sapiens 45-51 25912158-8 2015 Down-regulation of S100A4 significantly reversed arecoline-induced oncogenecity in OE cells. Arecoline 49-58 S100 calcium binding protein A4 Homo sapiens 19-25 25912158-9 2015 The additions of pharmacological agents LY294002, SP600125, and CAY10585 were found to inhibit arecoline-induced S100A4 expression in OE cells. Arecoline 95-104 S100 calcium binding protein A4 Homo sapiens 113-119 25912158-10 2015 CONCLUSION: Arecoline-induced S100A4 expression was down-regulated by LY294002, SP600125, or CAY10585 treatment. Arecoline 12-21 S100 calcium binding protein A4 Homo sapiens 30-36 26028848-13 2015 Strong immunostaining for COX-2 was detected in arecoline exposed NOMC and cells from OSF patient. Arecoline 48-57 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 26-31 25872484-0 2015 miR-203 inhibits arecoline-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating secreted frizzled-related protein 4 and transmembrane-4 L six family member 1 in oral submucous fibrosis. Arecoline 17-26 microRNA 203a Homo sapiens 0-7 25872484-0 2015 miR-203 inhibits arecoline-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating secreted frizzled-related protein 4 and transmembrane-4 L six family member 1 in oral submucous fibrosis. Arecoline 17-26 secreted frizzled related protein 4 Homo sapiens 83-118 25872484-0 2015 miR-203 inhibits arecoline-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating secreted frizzled-related protein 4 and transmembrane-4 L six family member 1 in oral submucous fibrosis. Arecoline 17-26 transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 Homo sapiens 123-160 26016366-7 2014 RESULTS: Arecoline efficiently decreased atherosclerotic plaque areas, increased serum nitric oxide (NO) content, suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of MCP-1, and modulated the IkappaB-alpha degradation and P65 phosphorylation in the aortae of ApoE-/- mice. Arecoline 9-18 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 Mus musculus 160-165 24436257-4 2015 Arecoline-induced Egr-1 expression and its signaling pathways were assessed by Western blot analyses in human buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs). Arecoline 0-9 early growth response 1 Homo sapiens 18-23 24436257-6 2015 Arecoline, a main alkaloid found in the areca nut, stimulated Egr-1 synthesis in BMFs. Arecoline 0-9 early growth response 1 Homo sapiens 62-67 24436257-7 2015 Pretreatment with antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase inhibitor SP600125, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor PD98059 significantly reduced arecoline-induced Egr-1 synthesis. Arecoline 179-188 early growth response 1 Homo sapiens 197-202 24436257-8 2015 Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibited arecoline-induced Egr-1 synthesis and collagen gel contraction in a dose-responsive manner. Arecoline 44-53 early growth response 1 Homo sapiens 62-67 25204733-3 2015 In this study, we showed that increased pro-IL-1beta expression was associated with the severity of oral malignant transformation in a mouse OSCC model induced by 4-Nitroquinolin-1-oxide (4-NQO) and arecoline, two carcinogens related to tobacco and betel quid, respectively. Arecoline 199-208 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 44-52 25204733-5 2015 In a human OSCC cell line TW2.6, we demonstrated nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK) and arecoline stimulated IL-1beta secretion in an inflammasome-dependent manner. Arecoline 95-104 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 116-124 25695047-1 2015 OBJECTIVES: Arecoline, the most potent and abundant alkaloid of betel nut, causes elevation of serum testosterone and androgen receptor expression in rat prostate, in addition to increase in serum insulin levels in rats, leading to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes-like conditions. Arecoline 12-21 androgen receptor Rattus norvegicus 118-135 25695047-7 2015 Critical genes related to beta-cell regeneration, such as pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (pdx-1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2), were found to be activated by arecoline at the protein level. Arecoline 167-176 pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 Rattus norvegicus 94-99 25695047-7 2015 Critical genes related to beta-cell regeneration, such as pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (pdx-1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2), were found to be activated by arecoline at the protein level. Arecoline 167-176 solute carrier family 2 member 2 Rattus norvegicus 105-126 25695047-7 2015 Critical genes related to beta-cell regeneration, such as pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (pdx-1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2), were found to be activated by arecoline at the protein level. Arecoline 167-176 solute carrier family 2 member 2 Rattus norvegicus 128-134 25351956-8 2014 Specifically, arecoline, a major betel nut alkaloid, reduced miR329, miR410, and Meg3 gene expression. Arecoline 14-23 microRNA 410 Homo sapiens 69-75 25351956-8 2014 Specifically, arecoline, a major betel nut alkaloid, reduced miR329, miR410, and Meg3 gene expression. Arecoline 14-23 maternally expressed 3 Homo sapiens 81-85 26016366-7 2014 RESULTS: Arecoline efficiently decreased atherosclerotic plaque areas, increased serum nitric oxide (NO) content, suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of MCP-1, and modulated the IkappaB-alpha degradation and P65 phosphorylation in the aortae of ApoE-/- mice. Arecoline 9-18 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha Mus musculus 185-198 26016366-7 2014 RESULTS: Arecoline efficiently decreased atherosclerotic plaque areas, increased serum nitric oxide (NO) content, suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of MCP-1, and modulated the IkappaB-alpha degradation and P65 phosphorylation in the aortae of ApoE-/- mice. Arecoline 9-18 apolipoprotein E Mus musculus 252-256 26016366-8 2014 Furthermore, arecoline promoted NO production and suppressed MCP-1 secretion in cultured RAECs after ox-LDL exposure, and either atropine or NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester could abrogate these effects. Arecoline 13-22 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 Mus musculus 61-66 25056785-0 2014 Effects of arecoline on hepatic cytochrome P450 activity and oxidative stress. Arecoline 11-20 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1 Rattus norvegicus 32-47 24695043-10 2014 Moreover, arecoline elevated CAIX expression in a dose-dependent manner in normal buccal mucosa fibroblasts. Arecoline 10-19 carbonic anhydrase 9 Homo sapiens 29-33 25200553-0 2014 Arecoline induces TNF-alpha production and Zonula Occludens-1 redistribution in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells. Arecoline 0-9 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 18-27 25200553-0 2014 Arecoline induces TNF-alpha production and Zonula Occludens-1 redistribution in mouse Sertoli TM4 cells. Arecoline 0-9 tight junction protein 1 Mus musculus 43-61 25200553-6 2014 Arecoline decreased insoluble zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein expression in TM4 cells, however, arecoline treatment increased TNF-alpha production in both TM4 and monocytic THP1 cells. Arecoline 0-9 tight junction protein 1 Mus musculus 30-48 25200553-6 2014 Arecoline decreased insoluble zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein expression in TM4 cells, however, arecoline treatment increased TNF-alpha production in both TM4 and monocytic THP1 cells. Arecoline 0-9 tight junction protein 1 Mus musculus 50-54 25200553-6 2014 Arecoline decreased insoluble zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein expression in TM4 cells, however, arecoline treatment increased TNF-alpha production in both TM4 and monocytic THP1 cells. Arecoline 98-107 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 128-137 25200553-7 2014 In addition, ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 reversed arecoline effects on TNF-alpha and ZO-1. Arecoline 47-56 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 Mus musculus 13-19 25200553-7 2014 In addition, ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 reversed arecoline effects on TNF-alpha and ZO-1. Arecoline 47-56 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 68-77 25200553-7 2014 In addition, ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 reversed arecoline effects on TNF-alpha and ZO-1. Arecoline 47-56 tight junction protein 1 Mus musculus 82-86 25200553-8 2014 CONCLUSIONS: Arecoline increases the production of TNF-alpha and induces protein redistribution of ZO-1. Arecoline 13-22 tumor necrosis factor Mus musculus 51-60 25200553-8 2014 CONCLUSIONS: Arecoline increases the production of TNF-alpha and induces protein redistribution of ZO-1. Arecoline 13-22 tight junction protein 1 Mus musculus 99-103 25056785-2 2014 The aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of arecoline on human hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in vitro and rat hepatic CYP enzymes, as well as the hepatic oxidative stress and liver injury of rats in vivo. Arecoline 58-67 cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3 Homo sapiens 85-100 25056785-2 2014 The aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of arecoline on human hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in vitro and rat hepatic CYP enzymes, as well as the hepatic oxidative stress and liver injury of rats in vivo. Arecoline 58-67 cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3 Homo sapiens 102-105 24647969-6 2014 Furthermore, arecoline-induced HaCaT cell apoptosis was found to be associated with increased expression and activation of cleaved-Bid, cleaved-PARA and cleaved-caspase-3. Arecoline 13-22 BH3 interacting domain death agonist Homo sapiens 131-134 24400868-0 2014 Arecoline-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation from human buccal mucosal fibroblasts is mediated by ZEB1. Arecoline 0-9 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 106-110 25244782-5 2014 RESULTS: 1.5 mg/kg arecoline could significantly decrease the level of fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, blood insulin level and liver G6Pase, PEPCK, IL-6, TNF-alpha mRNA level in type 2 diabetes rats. Arecoline 19-28 glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 Rattus norvegicus 137-143 25244782-5 2014 RESULTS: 1.5 mg/kg arecoline could significantly decrease the level of fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, blood insulin level and liver G6Pase, PEPCK, IL-6, TNF-alpha mRNA level in type 2 diabetes rats. Arecoline 19-28 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 145-150 25244782-5 2014 RESULTS: 1.5 mg/kg arecoline could significantly decrease the level of fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, blood insulin level and liver G6Pase, PEPCK, IL-6, TNF-alpha mRNA level in type 2 diabetes rats. Arecoline 19-28 interleukin 6 Rattus norvegicus 152-156 25244782-5 2014 RESULTS: 1.5 mg/kg arecoline could significantly decrease the level of fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, blood insulin level and liver G6Pase, PEPCK, IL-6, TNF-alpha mRNA level in type 2 diabetes rats. Arecoline 19-28 tumor necrosis factor Rattus norvegicus 158-167 25244782-6 2014 1.5 mg/kg arecoline also could significantly increase CAR, PXR mRNA level and p-AKT and GLUT4 protein expression. Arecoline 10-19 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 Rattus norvegicus 54-57 25244782-6 2014 1.5 mg/kg arecoline also could significantly increase CAR, PXR mRNA level and p-AKT and GLUT4 protein expression. Arecoline 10-19 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2 Rattus norvegicus 59-62 25244782-6 2014 1.5 mg/kg arecoline also could significantly increase CAR, PXR mRNA level and p-AKT and GLUT4 protein expression. Arecoline 10-19 solute carrier family 2 member 4 Rattus norvegicus 88-93 25244782-7 2014 CONCLUSION: Arecoline improved hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes rats by increasing the mRNA levels of CAR and PXR leading to the creased glucose metabolism and inflammation related genes expression. Arecoline 12-21 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 Rattus norvegicus 115-118 25244782-7 2014 CONCLUSION: Arecoline improved hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes rats by increasing the mRNA levels of CAR and PXR leading to the creased glucose metabolism and inflammation related genes expression. Arecoline 12-21 nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2 Rattus norvegicus 123-126 24757376-2 2014 The results showed that arecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Arecoline 24-33 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 149-180 24757376-2 2014 The results showed that arecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Arecoline 24-33 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 182-185 24757376-2 2014 The results showed that arecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Arecoline 24-33 hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase Mus musculus 256-281 24757376-2 2014 The results showed that arecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Arecoline 24-33 hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase Mus musculus 283-286 24757376-2 2014 The results showed that arecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Arecoline 24-33 catalase Mus musculus 320-328 24757376-2 2014 The results showed that arecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Arecoline 24-33 catalase Mus musculus 330-333 24400868-4 2014 Therefore, we investigated the expression of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), which is a well-known transcriptional factor in EMT, in OSF tissues and its role in arecoline-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation from BMFs. Arecoline 174-183 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 45-81 24400868-4 2014 Therefore, we investigated the expression of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), which is a well-known transcriptional factor in EMT, in OSF tissues and its role in arecoline-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation from BMFs. Arecoline 174-183 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 83-87 24400868-6 2014 With immunofluorescence analysis, arecoline induced the formation of alpha-SMA-positive stress fibres in BMFs expressing nuclear ZEB1. Arecoline 34-43 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 129-133 24400868-8 2014 By chromatin immunoprecipitation, the binding of ZEB1 to the alpha-SMA promoter in BMFs was increased by arecoline. Arecoline 105-114 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 49-53 24400868-9 2014 The promoter activity of alpha-SMA in BMFs was also induced by arecoline, while knockdown of ZEB1 abolished arecoline-induced alpha-SMA promoter activity and collagen contraction of BMFs. Arecoline 108-117 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 93-97 24400868-10 2014 Long-term exposure of BMFs to arecoline induced the expression of fibrogenic genes and ZEB1. Arecoline 30-39 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 87-91 24400868-12 2014 Inhibition of insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 could suppress arecoline-induced ZEB1 activation in BMFs. Arecoline 67-76 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 Homo sapiens 85-89 24654541-7 2013 These could be attenuated by pretreatment with carbachol and arecoline at the concentration of 10 micromol/L for 12 h. Homocysteine induced apoptosis in RAECs and the molecular mechanisms were associated with the regulation of fas, fas-L and caspase-8 in the death receptor pathway, bcl-2, bcl-xL and bax in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and caspase-3, caspase-6 and p53 as downstream effectors. Arecoline 61-70 Fas ligand Rattus norvegicus 232-237 24658613-0 2014 Betel chewing and arecoline affects eotaxin-1, asthma and lung function. Arecoline 18-27 C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 Homo sapiens 36-45 24658613-9 2014 However, in the presence of IL-4 and TNF-alpha, arecoline at 100 mug/ml induced more eotaxin-1 release than arecoline at 0 mug/ml (2700+-98 pg/ml vs 1850+-142 pg/ml, p = 0.01 in dermal fibroblast cells, and 1489+-78 pg/ml vs 1044+-95 pg/ml, p = 0.03 in gingival fibroblast cells, respectively). Arecoline 48-57 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 37-46 24658613-9 2014 However, in the presence of IL-4 and TNF-alpha, arecoline at 100 mug/ml induced more eotaxin-1 release than arecoline at 0 mug/ml (2700+-98 pg/ml vs 1850+-142 pg/ml, p = 0.01 in dermal fibroblast cells, and 1489+-78 pg/ml vs 1044+-95 pg/ml, p = 0.03 in gingival fibroblast cells, respectively). Arecoline 48-57 C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 Homo sapiens 85-94 24658613-10 2014 CONCLUSION: Betel chewing is associated with asthma in this population, with arecoline induction of eotaxin-1 supported as a plausible causal pathway. Arecoline 77-86 C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 Homo sapiens 100-109 24512263-2 2014 Globally, betel nut is the fourth main psychotropic substance containing a stimulant, arecoline, that has a similar effect to nicotine. Arecoline 86-95 NUT midline carcinoma family member 1 Homo sapiens 16-19 24654541-7 2013 These could be attenuated by pretreatment with carbachol and arecoline at the concentration of 10 micromol/L for 12 h. Homocysteine induced apoptosis in RAECs and the molecular mechanisms were associated with the regulation of fas, fas-L and caspase-8 in the death receptor pathway, bcl-2, bcl-xL and bax in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and caspase-3, caspase-6 and p53 as downstream effectors. Arecoline 61-70 Bcl2-like 1 Rattus norvegicus 290-296 24654541-7 2013 These could be attenuated by pretreatment with carbachol and arecoline at the concentration of 10 micromol/L for 12 h. Homocysteine induced apoptosis in RAECs and the molecular mechanisms were associated with the regulation of fas, fas-L and caspase-8 in the death receptor pathway, bcl-2, bcl-xL and bax in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and caspase-3, caspase-6 and p53 as downstream effectors. Arecoline 61-70 BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 301-304 24654541-7 2013 These could be attenuated by pretreatment with carbachol and arecoline at the concentration of 10 micromol/L for 12 h. Homocysteine induced apoptosis in RAECs and the molecular mechanisms were associated with the regulation of fas, fas-L and caspase-8 in the death receptor pathway, bcl-2, bcl-xL and bax in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and caspase-3, caspase-6 and p53 as downstream effectors. Arecoline 61-70 caspase 12 Rattus norvegicus 335-345 24654541-7 2013 These could be attenuated by pretreatment with carbachol and arecoline at the concentration of 10 micromol/L for 12 h. Homocysteine induced apoptosis in RAECs and the molecular mechanisms were associated with the regulation of fas, fas-L and caspase-8 in the death receptor pathway, bcl-2, bcl-xL and bax in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and caspase-3, caspase-6 and p53 as downstream effectors. Arecoline 61-70 caspase 3 Rattus norvegicus 387-396 24654541-7 2013 These could be attenuated by pretreatment with carbachol and arecoline at the concentration of 10 micromol/L for 12 h. Homocysteine induced apoptosis in RAECs and the molecular mechanisms were associated with the regulation of fas, fas-L and caspase-8 in the death receptor pathway, bcl-2, bcl-xL and bax in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and caspase-3, caspase-6 and p53 as downstream effectors. Arecoline 61-70 caspase 6 Rattus norvegicus 398-407 24654541-7 2013 These could be attenuated by pretreatment with carbachol and arecoline at the concentration of 10 micromol/L for 12 h. Homocysteine induced apoptosis in RAECs and the molecular mechanisms were associated with the regulation of fas, fas-L and caspase-8 in the death receptor pathway, bcl-2, bcl-xL and bax in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and caspase-3, caspase-6 and p53 as downstream effectors. Arecoline 61-70 caspase 8 Rattus norvegicus 242-251 24654541-7 2013 These could be attenuated by pretreatment with carbachol and arecoline at the concentration of 10 micromol/L for 12 h. Homocysteine induced apoptosis in RAECs and the molecular mechanisms were associated with the regulation of fas, fas-L and caspase-8 in the death receptor pathway, bcl-2, bcl-xL and bax in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and caspase-3, caspase-6 and p53 as downstream effectors. Arecoline 61-70 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 412-415 24654541-7 2013 These could be attenuated by pretreatment with carbachol and arecoline at the concentration of 10 micromol/L for 12 h. Homocysteine induced apoptosis in RAECs and the molecular mechanisms were associated with the regulation of fas, fas-L and caspase-8 in the death receptor pathway, bcl-2, bcl-xL and bax in the mitochondrial pathway, caspase-12 in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway and caspase-3, caspase-6 and p53 as downstream effectors. Arecoline 61-70 BCL2, apoptosis regulator Rattus norvegicus 283-288 24304567-5 2013 Arecoline, in a dose-dependent manner, significantly decreased IL-2 and PGE2 secretion by Jurkat cells incubated with 0 or 5 mug/ml 5 mug/ml PHA. Arecoline 0-9 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 63-67 24304567-7 2013 In addition, reduced expression of PHA-induced ERK phosphorylation was observed in Jurkat cells treated with arecoline. Arecoline 109-118 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 47-50 24304567-0 2013 Arecoline inhibits interleukin-2 secretion in Jurkat cells by decreasing the expression of alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and prostaglandin E2. Arecoline 0-9 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 19-32 24304567-8 2013 PHA-enhanced IL-2 mRNA expression was also inhibited by arecoline. Arecoline 56-65 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 24304567-9 2013 These results imply that arecoline inhibits the release of PGE2 and PHA-induced IL-2 secretion by Jurkat cells and that these effects seem to occur, at least in part, either through the attenuation of ERK in conjunction with a decrease of PHA-induced IL-2 mRNA expression. Arecoline 25-34 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 80-84 24304567-9 2013 These results imply that arecoline inhibits the release of PGE2 and PHA-induced IL-2 secretion by Jurkat cells and that these effects seem to occur, at least in part, either through the attenuation of ERK in conjunction with a decrease of PHA-induced IL-2 mRNA expression. Arecoline 25-34 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 201-204 24304567-9 2013 These results imply that arecoline inhibits the release of PGE2 and PHA-induced IL-2 secretion by Jurkat cells and that these effects seem to occur, at least in part, either through the attenuation of ERK in conjunction with a decrease of PHA-induced IL-2 mRNA expression. Arecoline 25-34 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 251-255 24304567-10 2013 These results imply that arecoline inhibits the protein expression of alpha7-nAChRs , the release of PGE2 and PHA-induced IL-2 secretion by Jurkat cells. Arecoline 25-34 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 122-126 22965839-0 2013 Regulation of protease-activated receptor-1 expression in human buccal fibroblasts stimulated with arecoline. Arecoline 99-108 coagulation factor II thrombin receptor Homo sapiens 14-43 22965839-6 2013 Arecoline was found to elevate PAR-1 expression in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner (p < .05). Arecoline 0-9 coagulation factor II thrombin receptor Homo sapiens 31-36 22965839-7 2013 The addition of NAC, LY294002, herbimycin A, NS398, and PD98059 markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced PAR-1 expression (p < .05). Arecoline 87-96 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 16-19 22965839-7 2013 The addition of NAC, LY294002, herbimycin A, NS398, and PD98059 markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced PAR-1 expression (p < .05). Arecoline 87-96 coagulation factor II thrombin receptor Homo sapiens 105-110 22965839-9 2013 Arecoline-induced PAR-1 expression was downregulated by NAC, LY294002, herbimycin A, NS398, and PD98059. Arecoline 0-9 coagulation factor II thrombin receptor Homo sapiens 18-23 22965839-9 2013 Arecoline-induced PAR-1 expression was downregulated by NAC, LY294002, herbimycin A, NS398, and PD98059. Arecoline 0-9 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 56-59 23163860-0 2013 Arecoline-stimulated placenta growth factor production in gingival epithelial cells: modulation by curcumin. Arecoline 0-9 placental growth factor Homo sapiens 21-43 23278137-0 2013 The expression of O(6) -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in human oral keratinocytes stimulated with arecoline. Arecoline 104-113 O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase Homo sapiens 18-59 23278137-9 2013 Arecoline was found to elevate MGMT expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Arecoline 0-9 O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase Homo sapiens 31-35 23278137-10 2013 The addition of nicotine was found to enhance arecoline-induced MGMT expression. Arecoline 46-55 O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase Homo sapiens 64-68 23278137-12 2013 MGMT expression was significantly upregulated by arecoline in HOKs. Arecoline 49-58 O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase Homo sapiens 0-4 23278137-13 2013 Nicotine has a synergistic effect of arecoline-induced MGMT expression. Arecoline 37-46 O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase Homo sapiens 55-59 23874481-3 2013 Therefore, we hypothesize that the major areca nut alkaloid arecoline may induce Snail via ROS and involve in the pathogenesis of areca quid chewing-associated OSCC. Arecoline 60-69 snail family transcriptional repressor 1 Homo sapiens 81-86 23874481-10 2013 Arecoline was also found to induced Snail expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner (p<0.05). Arecoline 0-9 snail family transcriptional repressor 1 Homo sapiens 36-41 23874481-11 2013 Treatment with NAC, curcumin, and EGCG markedly inhibited arecoline induced Snail expression (p<0.05). Arecoline 58-67 snail family transcriptional repressor 1 Homo sapiens 76-81 23874481-13 2013 Arecoline-upregulated Snail expression may be mediated by ROS generation. Arecoline 0-9 snail family transcriptional repressor 1 Homo sapiens 22-27 23874481-14 2013 In addition, arecoline induced Snail expression was downregulated by NAC, curcumin, and EGCG. Arecoline 13-22 snail family transcriptional repressor 1 Homo sapiens 31-36 23163860-6 2013 ELISA analyses demonstrated that NAC and PD98059 reduced about 43% and 38% of the arecoline-induced PlGF protein secretion, respectively. Arecoline 82-91 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 33-36 23163860-6 2013 ELISA analyses demonstrated that NAC and PD98059 reduced about 43% and 38% of the arecoline-induced PlGF protein secretion, respectively. Arecoline 82-91 placental growth factor Homo sapiens 100-104 23163860-8 2013 Moreover, 10 muM curcumin and 4 mM NAC significantly inhibited arecoline-induced ERK activation. Arecoline 63-72 latexin Homo sapiens 13-16 23163860-8 2013 Moreover, 10 muM curcumin and 4 mM NAC significantly inhibited arecoline-induced ERK activation. Arecoline 63-72 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 35-38 23163860-2 2013 MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used ELISA, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting to study the arecoline-stimulated (PlGF) protein or mRNA expression in human gingival epithelial S-G cells. Arecoline 120-129 placental growth factor Homo sapiens 142-146 23163860-3 2013 RESULTS: Arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid and an oral carcinogen, could stimulate PlGF protein synthesis in S-G cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Arecoline 9-18 placental growth factor Homo sapiens 87-91 23163860-4 2013 The levels of PlGF protein secretion increased about 3.1- and 3.8-fold after 24-h exposure to 0.4 and 0.8 mM arecoline, respectively. Arecoline 109-118 placental growth factor Homo sapiens 14-18 23163860-8 2013 Moreover, 10 muM curcumin and 4 mM NAC significantly inhibited arecoline-induced ERK activation. Arecoline 63-72 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 81-84 23488788-4 2013 We investigated whether the H+-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1, SLC36A1), which is expressed in the intestinal epithelium, accepts arecaidine, arecoline, isoguvacine and other derivatives as substrates. Arecoline 150-159 solute carrier family 36 member 1 Homo sapiens 65-69 23163860-9 2013 Furthermore, 10 muM curcumin completely blocked arecoline-induced PlGF mRNA expression. Arecoline 48-57 latexin Homo sapiens 16-19 23163860-9 2013 Furthermore, 10 muM curcumin completely blocked arecoline-induced PlGF mRNA expression. Arecoline 48-57 placental growth factor Homo sapiens 66-70 23163860-10 2013 CONCLUSION: Arecoline-induced PlGF synthesis is probably mediated by reactive oxygen species/ERK pathways, and curcumin may be an useful agent in controlling oral carcinogenesis. Arecoline 12-21 placental growth factor Homo sapiens 30-34 23163860-10 2013 CONCLUSION: Arecoline-induced PlGF synthesis is probably mediated by reactive oxygen species/ERK pathways, and curcumin may be an useful agent in controlling oral carcinogenesis. Arecoline 12-21 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 93-96 23525646-10 2013 In the HaCaT epithelial cells, arecoline downregulated expression of the G1/S phase regulatory proteins cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK2, E2F1 as determined by reverse transcription-PCR analysis and western blotting. Arecoline 31-40 cyclin D1 Homo sapiens 104-113 23525646-10 2013 In the HaCaT epithelial cells, arecoline downregulated expression of the G1/S phase regulatory proteins cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK2, E2F1 as determined by reverse transcription-PCR analysis and western blotting. Arecoline 31-40 cyclin dependent kinase 4 Homo sapiens 115-119 23525646-10 2013 In the HaCaT epithelial cells, arecoline downregulated expression of the G1/S phase regulatory proteins cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK2, E2F1 as determined by reverse transcription-PCR analysis and western blotting. Arecoline 31-40 cyclin dependent kinase 2 Homo sapiens 121-125 23525646-10 2013 In the HaCaT epithelial cells, arecoline downregulated expression of the G1/S phase regulatory proteins cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK2, E2F1 as determined by reverse transcription-PCR analysis and western blotting. Arecoline 31-40 E2F transcription factor 1 Homo sapiens 127-131 23488788-4 2013 We investigated whether the H+-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1, SLC36A1), which is expressed in the intestinal epithelium, accepts arecaidine, arecoline, isoguvacine and other derivatives as substrates. Arecoline 150-159 solute carrier family 36 member 1 Homo sapiens 71-78 23019161-4 2012 First, bovine serum albumin was used to predict and confirm the binding sites of proteins modified by arecoline or arecaidine. Arecoline 102-111 albumin Homo sapiens 14-27 22796562-0 2012 Assessment of the mutagenic potential of arecoline in gpt delta transgenic mice. Arecoline 41-50 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 54-57 22796562-12 2012 These results suggest that arecoline poses a mutagenic hazard in the oral tissues of gpt delta transgenic mice. Arecoline 27-36 glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble Mus musculus 85-88 23154239-11 2013 Arecoline (10 mumol/L) pretreatment increased ChemR23 protein expression as well as mRNA expression, and enhanced the secretion of chemerin. Arecoline 0-9 retinoic acid receptor responder 2 Rattus norvegicus 131-139 23154239-13 2013 Furthermore, the modulation of arecoline on chemerin/ChemR23 signaling axis was absolutely abolished in the presence of the nonselective muscarinic receptors antagonist atropine 1 mumol/L. Arecoline 31-40 retinoic acid receptor responder 2 Rattus norvegicus 44-52 22847137-0 2012 Arecoline inhibits myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts by reducing STAT3 phosphorylation. Arecoline 0-9 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 Mus musculus 75-80 22847137-7 2012 Morphometric measurements of myotube formation and analyses of myogenic markers, myosin heavy chain and myogenin, revealed that myogenic differentiation was inhibited by 0.04-0.08 mM arecoline. Arecoline 183-192 myogenin Mus musculus 104-112 22847137-8 2012 Moreover, phosphorylated but not total STAT3 was significantly inhibited by arecoline during myotube formation. Arecoline 76-85 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 Mus musculus 39-44 22847137-9 2012 These results indicate that arecoline inhibits the myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells by reducing the activation of STAT3, an upstream regulator of myogenesis. Arecoline 28-37 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 Mus musculus 121-126 21521428-2 2012 One of the major ingredients of BQ, arecoline, is known to affect the expression of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A). Arecoline 36-45 monoamine oxidase A Homo sapiens 84-103 22490108-5 2012 The normal human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) were challenged with arecoline, the major alkaloid of areca nut, by Western blot for HSP27. Arecoline 64-73 heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 Homo sapiens 128-133 22490108-8 2012 Arecoline was found to elevate HSP27 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Arecoline 0-9 heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 Homo sapiens 31-36 22490108-9 2012 The additions of pharmacological agents were found to inhibit arecoline-induced HSP27 expression (P < 0.05). Arecoline 62-71 heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 Homo sapiens 80-85 22490108-11 2012 Arecoline-induced HSP27 expression was downregulated by EGCG, NS398, NAC, quercetin, PD98059, and SB203580. Arecoline 0-9 heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 Homo sapiens 18-23 22490108-11 2012 Arecoline-induced HSP27 expression was downregulated by EGCG, NS398, NAC, quercetin, PD98059, and SB203580. Arecoline 0-9 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 69-72 29403766-3 2012 Under the optimal conditions, arecoline was rapidly separated and detected in 1 min with good linearity over the concentration range of 20-1500 muM (r2=0.9991) and the detection limit of 5 muM (S/N=3). Arecoline 30-39 latexin Homo sapiens 144-147 29403766-3 2012 Under the optimal conditions, arecoline was rapidly separated and detected in 1 min with good linearity over the concentration range of 20-1500 muM (r2=0.9991) and the detection limit of 5 muM (S/N=3). Arecoline 30-39 latexin Homo sapiens 189-192 22820911-0 2012 Arecoline improves vascular endothelial function in high fructose-fed rats via increasing cystathionine-gamma-lyase expression and activating K(ATP) channels. Arecoline 0-9 cystathionine gamma-lyase Rattus norvegicus 90-115 22820911-12 2012 CONCLUSION: Arecoline treatment improves ACh-induced EDVR in high fructose-fed rats, and the potential mechanism of action might be associated with increase of CSE expression and activation of K(ATP) channels by arecoline. Arecoline 12-21 cystathionine gamma-lyase Rattus norvegicus 160-163 21521428-2 2012 One of the major ingredients of BQ, arecoline, is known to affect the expression of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A). Arecoline 36-45 monoamine oxidase A Homo sapiens 105-110 21521428-6 2012 Our results indicate that arecoline and ANE inhibit MAO-A expression both in vitro and in vivo. Arecoline 26-35 monoamine oxidase A Homo sapiens 52-57 21521428-9 2012 MAO-A expression was significantly downregulated by arecoline and ANE at 100-200 microg/ml and in rat whole brains on days 30 and 45. Arecoline 52-61 monoamine oxidase A Rattus norvegicus 0-5 22469187-4 2012 Furthermore, when treated with arecoline, elevated levels of p21 and p27 could be downregulated through the reactive oxygen species/mTOR complex 1 (ROS/mTORC1) pathway. Arecoline 31-40 CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1 Mus musculus 152-158 22469187-5 2012 Although arecoline decreased the activity of mTORC1, the amounts of autophagosome-like vacuoles or type II LC3 remained unchanged, suggesting that the downregulation of p21 and p27 was independent of autophagy-mediated protein destruction. Arecoline 9-18 CREB regulated transcription coactivator 1 Mus musculus 45-51 21809341-0 2012 Arecoline-induced death of human leukemia K562 cells is associated with surface up-modulation of TNFR2. Arecoline 0-9 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 97-102 21809341-1 2012 The goal of the present study is to explore the contribution of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-related pathway to the cytotoxicity of arecoline on human leukemia K562 cells. Arecoline 142-151 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 64-91 21809341-1 2012 The goal of the present study is to explore the contribution of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-related pathway to the cytotoxicity of arecoline on human leukemia K562 cells. Arecoline 142-151 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 93-101 21809341-2 2012 Arecoline treatment induced death of K562 cells and increased surface expression of TNFalpha, TNFR1, and TNFR2. Arecoline 0-9 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 84-92 21809341-2 2012 Arecoline treatment induced death of K562 cells and increased surface expression of TNFalpha, TNFR1, and TNFR2. Arecoline 0-9 TNF receptor superfamily member 1A Homo sapiens 94-99 21809341-2 2012 Arecoline treatment induced death of K562 cells and increased surface expression of TNFalpha, TNFR1, and TNFR2. Arecoline 0-9 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 105-110 21809341-3 2012 Unlike that of TNFR1 mRNA, transcriptional levels of TNFalpha and TNFR2 mRNA increased in arecoline-treated cells. Arecoline 90-99 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 53-61 21809341-3 2012 Unlike that of TNFR1 mRNA, transcriptional levels of TNFalpha and TNFR2 mRNA increased in arecoline-treated cells. Arecoline 90-99 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 66-71 21809341-4 2012 Moreover, arecoline-induced down-regulation of ADAM17 maturation was involved in surface up-modulation of TNFR1, TNFR2, and TNFalpha. Arecoline 10-19 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 Homo sapiens 47-53 21809341-4 2012 Moreover, arecoline-induced down-regulation of ADAM17 maturation was involved in surface up-modulation of TNFR1, TNFR2, and TNFalpha. Arecoline 10-19 TNF receptor superfamily member 1A Homo sapiens 106-111 21809341-4 2012 Moreover, arecoline-induced down-regulation of ADAM17 maturation was involved in surface up-modulation of TNFR1, TNFR2, and TNFalpha. Arecoline 10-19 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 113-118 21809341-4 2012 Moreover, arecoline-induced down-regulation of ADAM17 maturation was involved in surface up-modulation of TNFR1, TNFR2, and TNFalpha. Arecoline 10-19 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 124-132 21809341-5 2012 Arecoline-elicited increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration was responsible for JNK/c-Jun pathway activation and ERK inactivation. Arecoline 0-9 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Homo sapiens 86-89 21809341-5 2012 Arecoline-elicited increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration was responsible for JNK/c-Jun pathway activation and ERK inactivation. Arecoline 0-9 Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 90-95 21809341-5 2012 Arecoline-elicited increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration was responsible for JNK/c-Jun pathway activation and ERK inactivation. Arecoline 0-9 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 119-122 21809341-6 2012 Abolition of JNK/c-Jun pathway suppressed arecoline-induced increase in transcriptional level of TNFalpha and TNFR2 mRNA. Arecoline 42-51 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Homo sapiens 13-16 21809341-6 2012 Abolition of JNK/c-Jun pathway suppressed arecoline-induced increase in transcriptional level of TNFalpha and TNFR2 mRNA. Arecoline 42-51 Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 17-22 21809341-6 2012 Abolition of JNK/c-Jun pathway suppressed arecoline-induced increase in transcriptional level of TNFalpha and TNFR2 mRNA. Arecoline 42-51 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 97-105 21809341-6 2012 Abolition of JNK/c-Jun pathway suppressed arecoline-induced increase in transcriptional level of TNFalpha and TNFR2 mRNA. Arecoline 42-51 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 110-115 21809341-7 2012 TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter luciferase activity and chromatin immunoprecipitating analyses revealed that c-Jun increasingly bound with TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter upon arecoline treatment. Arecoline 168-177 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 0-8 21809341-7 2012 TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter luciferase activity and chromatin immunoprecipitating analyses revealed that c-Jun increasingly bound with TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter upon arecoline treatment. Arecoline 168-177 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 13-18 21809341-7 2012 TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter luciferase activity and chromatin immunoprecipitating analyses revealed that c-Jun increasingly bound with TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter upon arecoline treatment. Arecoline 168-177 Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 105-110 21809341-7 2012 TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter luciferase activity and chromatin immunoprecipitating analyses revealed that c-Jun increasingly bound with TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter upon arecoline treatment. Arecoline 168-177 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 135-143 21809341-7 2012 TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter luciferase activity and chromatin immunoprecipitating analyses revealed that c-Jun increasingly bound with TNFalpha and TNFR2 promoter upon arecoline treatment. Arecoline 168-177 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 148-153 21809341-8 2012 Over-expression of constitutively active MEK1 abolished the effect of arecoline on suppressing ADAM17 maturation. Arecoline 70-79 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 Homo sapiens 41-45 21809341-8 2012 Over-expression of constitutively active MEK1 abolished the effect of arecoline on suppressing ADAM17 maturation. Arecoline 70-79 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 Homo sapiens 95-101 21809341-9 2012 Pretreatment with TNFR2 antibody abrogated arecoline-induced increased susceptibility of K562 cells for the cytotoxicity of TNFalpha and arecoline-induced cell death. Arecoline 43-52 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 18-23 21809341-9 2012 Pretreatment with TNFR2 antibody abrogated arecoline-induced increased susceptibility of K562 cells for the cytotoxicity of TNFalpha and arecoline-induced cell death. Arecoline 43-52 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 124-132 21809341-9 2012 Pretreatment with TNFR2 antibody abrogated arecoline-induced increased susceptibility of K562 cells for the cytotoxicity of TNFalpha and arecoline-induced cell death. Arecoline 137-146 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 18-23 21809341-10 2012 Taken together, our data suggest that up-modulation of TNFR2 surface expression is associated with arecoline-induced death of K562 cells. Arecoline 99-108 TNF receptor superfamily member 1B Homo sapiens 55-60 22613533-5 2012 RESULTS: Arecoline decreased the amplitude and the density of the I(hERG) in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(50) = 9.55 mmol/L). Arecoline 9-18 ETS transcription factor ERG Homo sapiens 68-72 22526207-0 2012 beta-catenin expression in areca quid chewing-associated oral squamous cell carcinomas and upregulated by arecoline in human oral epithelial cells. Arecoline 106-115 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 0-12 22526207-8 2012 Arecoline was found to elevate beta-catenin expression in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Arecoline 0-9 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 31-43 22526207-9 2012 The addition of PD98059, NAC, herbimycin-A, SB203580, and LY294002 markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced beta-catenin expression (p < 0.05). Arecoline 90-99 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 108-120 22526207-12 2012 In addition, beta-catenin expression induced by arecoline is downregulated by PD98059, NAC, herbimycin-A, SB203580, and LY294002. Arecoline 48-57 catenin beta 1 Homo sapiens 13-25 22613533-9 2012 Studies of gating mechanism showed that the steady-state activation curve of I(hERG) was significantly negatively shifted by arecoline. Arecoline 125-134 ETS transcription factor ERG Homo sapiens 79-83 22613533-12 2012 Furthermore, the inhibition of I(hERG) by arecoline was characterized markedly by a frequency-dependent manner from 0.03 to 1.00 Hz pulse. Arecoline 42-51 ETS transcription factor ERG Homo sapiens 33-37 22613533-13 2012 CONCLUSION: Arecoline could potently block I(hERG) in both frequency and state-dependent manner. Arecoline 12-21 ETS transcription factor ERG Homo sapiens 45-49 22493525-7 2012 Docking result indicated that Arecoline and Cholesterol both, have affinity towards extracellular domain of Human LDL receptor but affinity of Arecoline is much higher (-12.3560.) Arecoline 30-39 low density lipoprotein receptor Homo sapiens 114-126 22108589-0 2012 Arecoline decreases interleukin-6 production and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human basal cell carcinoma cells. Arecoline 0-9 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 20-33 22108589-1 2012 Arecoline, the most abundant areca alkaloid, has been reported to decrease interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in epithelial cancer cells. Arecoline 0-9 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 75-88 22108589-1 2012 Arecoline, the most abundant areca alkaloid, has been reported to decrease interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in epithelial cancer cells. Arecoline 0-9 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 90-94 22108589-2 2012 Since IL-6 overexpression contributes to the tumorigenic potency of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), this study was designed to investigate whether arecoline altered IL-6 expression and its downstream regulation of apoptosis and the cell cycle in cultured BCC-1/KMC cells. Arecoline 143-152 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 161-165 22108589-2 2012 Since IL-6 overexpression contributes to the tumorigenic potency of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), this study was designed to investigate whether arecoline altered IL-6 expression and its downstream regulation of apoptosis and the cell cycle in cultured BCC-1/KMC cells. Arecoline 143-152 BCC1 Homo sapiens 251-256 22108589-4 2012 After 24h exposure, arecoline inhibited BCC-1/KMC cell growth and decreased IL-6 production in terms of mRNA expression and protein secretion, but had no effect on HaCaT cells. Arecoline 20-29 BCC1 Homo sapiens 40-45 22108589-4 2012 After 24h exposure, arecoline inhibited BCC-1/KMC cell growth and decreased IL-6 production in terms of mRNA expression and protein secretion, but had no effect on HaCaT cells. Arecoline 20-29 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 76-80 22108589-5 2012 Analysis of DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation showed that arecoline induced apoptosis of BCC-1/KMC cells in a dose-dependent manner, activated caspase-3, and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Arecoline 69-78 BCC1 Homo sapiens 100-105 22108589-5 2012 Analysis of DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation showed that arecoline induced apoptosis of BCC-1/KMC cells in a dose-dependent manner, activated caspase-3, and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Arecoline 69-78 caspase 3 Homo sapiens 154-163 22108589-5 2012 Analysis of DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation showed that arecoline induced apoptosis of BCC-1/KMC cells in a dose-dependent manner, activated caspase-3, and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Arecoline 69-78 BCL2 apoptosis regulator Homo sapiens 220-225 22108589-6 2012 In addition, arecoline induced progressive and sustained accumulation of BCC-1/KMC cells in G2/M phase as a result of reducing checkpoint Cdc2 activity by decreasing Cdc25C phosphatase levels and increasing p53 levels. Arecoline 13-22 BCC1 Homo sapiens 73-78 22108589-6 2012 In addition, arecoline induced progressive and sustained accumulation of BCC-1/KMC cells in G2/M phase as a result of reducing checkpoint Cdc2 activity by decreasing Cdc25C phosphatase levels and increasing p53 levels. Arecoline 13-22 cyclin dependent kinase 1 Homo sapiens 138-142 22108589-6 2012 In addition, arecoline induced progressive and sustained accumulation of BCC-1/KMC cells in G2/M phase as a result of reducing checkpoint Cdc2 activity by decreasing Cdc25C phosphatase levels and increasing p53 levels. Arecoline 13-22 cell division cycle 25C Homo sapiens 166-172 22108589-6 2012 In addition, arecoline induced progressive and sustained accumulation of BCC-1/KMC cells in G2/M phase as a result of reducing checkpoint Cdc2 activity by decreasing Cdc25C phosphatase levels and increasing p53 levels. Arecoline 13-22 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 207-210 22108589-7 2012 Furthermore, subcutaneous injection of arecoline led to decreased BCC-1/KMC tumor growth in BALB/c mice by inducing apoptosis. Arecoline 39-48 BCC1 Homo sapiens 66-71 22108589-8 2012 This study demonstrates that arecoline has potential for preventing BCC tumorigenesis by reducing levels of the tumor cell survival factor IL-6, increasing levels of the tumor suppressor factor p53, and eliciting cell cycle arrest, followed by apoptosis. Arecoline 29-38 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 139-143 22108589-8 2012 This study demonstrates that arecoline has potential for preventing BCC tumorigenesis by reducing levels of the tumor cell survival factor IL-6, increasing levels of the tumor suppressor factor p53, and eliciting cell cycle arrest, followed by apoptosis. Arecoline 29-38 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 194-197 22493525-7 2012 Docking result indicated that Arecoline and Cholesterol both, have affinity towards extracellular domain of Human LDL receptor but affinity of Arecoline is much higher (-12.3560.) Arecoline 143-152 low density lipoprotein receptor Homo sapiens 114-126 21786209-4 2011 Our aim was to clarify the influence of betel nut extract and arecoline on lipid accumulation and insulin signaling in adipocytes. Arecoline 62-71 insulin Homo sapiens 98-105 23284772-3 2012 Oral epithelium plays important roles in OSF, and arecoline has been shown to induce TGF-beta in epithelial cells. Arecoline 50-59 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 85-93 23284772-10 2012 Also, SMAD-2 was phosphorylated following treatment of HaCaT cells by Catechin, Tannin and alkaloids namely Arecoline, Arecaidine and Guvacine. Arecoline 108-117 SMAD family member 2 Homo sapiens 6-12 21889036-10 2011 Inhibition of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by SP600125, p38 by SB 203580, or tyrosine kinase by genistein reduced arecoline-induced HO-1 expression. Arecoline 115-124 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Homo sapiens 14-37 21786209-7 2011 In addition, betel nut extract and arecoline increased the basal level of IRS-1 serine(307) phosphorylation and decreased insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine, Akt, and PI3 kinase phosphorylation. Arecoline 35-44 insulin receptor substrate 1 Homo sapiens 74-79 21786209-7 2011 In addition, betel nut extract and arecoline increased the basal level of IRS-1 serine(307) phosphorylation and decreased insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine, Akt, and PI3 kinase phosphorylation. Arecoline 35-44 insulin Homo sapiens 122-129 21786209-7 2011 In addition, betel nut extract and arecoline increased the basal level of IRS-1 serine(307) phosphorylation and decreased insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine, Akt, and PI3 kinase phosphorylation. Arecoline 35-44 insulin receptor substrate 1 Homo sapiens 141-146 21786209-7 2011 In addition, betel nut extract and arecoline increased the basal level of IRS-1 serine(307) phosphorylation and decreased insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine, Akt, and PI3 kinase phosphorylation. Arecoline 35-44 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Homo sapiens 157-160 21786209-8 2011 In conclusion, betel nut extract and arecoline have diabetogenic potential on adipocytes that may result in insulin resistance and diabetes at least in part via the obstruction of insulin signaling and the blockage of lipid storage. Arecoline 37-46 insulin Homo sapiens 108-115 22098243-1 2011 Effects of a single administration of cholinergic drugs (arecoline, atropine, nicotine, mecamylamine) on the activity of carboxypeptidase H and of phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride-inhibited carboxypeptidase, which are involved in metabolism of neuropeptides, were studied in brain parts and the adrenal glands of rats. Arecoline 57-66 carboxypeptidase E Rattus norvegicus 121-139 21889036-10 2011 Inhibition of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by SP600125, p38 by SB 203580, or tyrosine kinase by genistein reduced arecoline-induced HO-1 expression. Arecoline 115-124 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 Homo sapiens 39-42 21889036-10 2011 Inhibition of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by SP600125, p38 by SB 203580, or tyrosine kinase by genistein reduced arecoline-induced HO-1 expression. Arecoline 115-124 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens 57-60 23148176-8 2011 Arecoline significantly increased the translocation of GLUT4 via the PPAR(gamma) pathway, whereas berberine and vanillic acid did this via the AMPK-dependent pathway. Arecoline 0-9 solute carrier family 2 member 4 Homo sapiens 55-60 23148176-8 2011 Arecoline significantly increased the translocation of GLUT4 via the PPAR(gamma) pathway, whereas berberine and vanillic acid did this via the AMPK-dependent pathway. Arecoline 0-9 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma Homo sapiens 69-80 21198874-0 2011 Heat shock protein 47 expression in oral squamous cell carcinomas and upregulated by arecoline in human oral epithelial cells. Arecoline 85-94 serpin family H member 1 Homo sapiens 0-21 21198874-10 2011 Arecoline was found to elevate HSP47 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). Arecoline 0-9 serpin family H member 1 Homo sapiens 31-36 21198874-11 2011 The addition of NAC, PD98059, LY294002, NS398, and herbimycin A markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced HSP47 expression (P<0.05). Arecoline 87-96 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 16-19 21198874-11 2011 The addition of NAC, PD98059, LY294002, NS398, and herbimycin A markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced HSP47 expression (P<0.05). Arecoline 87-96 serpin family H member 1 Homo sapiens 105-110 21198874-14 2011 In addition, arecoline-induced HSP47 expression was downregulated by NAC, PD98059, LY294002, NS398, and herbimycin A. Arecoline 13-22 serpin family H member 1 Homo sapiens 31-36 21198874-14 2011 In addition, arecoline-induced HSP47 expression was downregulated by NAC, PD98059, LY294002, NS398, and herbimycin A. Arecoline 13-22 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 69-72 21317023-0 2011 Arecoline stimulated Cyr61 production in human gingival epithelial cells: inhibition by lovastatin. Arecoline 0-9 cellular communication network factor 1 Homo sapiens 21-26 21297082-3 2011 Exposure of BEAS-2B and HBE to ANE, sANE, and arecoline increased interleukin 8 (IL-8) and Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed, and Secreted (RANTES) production. Arecoline 46-55 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 66-79 21297082-3 2011 Exposure of BEAS-2B and HBE to ANE, sANE, and arecoline increased interleukin 8 (IL-8) and Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed, and Secreted (RANTES) production. Arecoline 46-55 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 81-85 21297082-3 2011 Exposure of BEAS-2B and HBE to ANE, sANE, and arecoline increased interleukin 8 (IL-8) and Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed, and Secreted (RANTES) production. Arecoline 46-55 C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 Homo sapiens 91-155 21297082-3 2011 Exposure of BEAS-2B and HBE to ANE, sANE, and arecoline increased interleukin 8 (IL-8) and Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed, and Secreted (RANTES) production. Arecoline 46-55 C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 Homo sapiens 157-163 21317023-4 2011 In this study, we show that arecoline, a main alkaloid found in AN, stimulated Cyr61 synthesis in human gingival epithelial S-G cells. Arecoline 28-37 cellular communication network factor 1 Homo sapiens 79-84 21317023-6 2011 ERK inhibitor PD98059, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) selective inhibitor Y-27632 and a geranylgeranyltransferase inhibitor reduced the arecoline-stimulated levels of Cyr61 protein by ~31%, 47%, 65% and 100%, respectively. Arecoline 163-172 cellular communication network factor 1 Homo sapiens 194-199 21317023-7 2011 Lovastatin also completely inhibited arecoline-induced Cyr61 synthesis and the inhibition is dose-dependent. Arecoline 37-46 cellular communication network factor 1 Homo sapiens 55-60 20604955-0 2010 Arecoline induced disruption of expression and localization of the tight junctional protein ZO-1 is dependent on the HER 2 expression in human endometrial Ishikawa cells. Arecoline 0-9 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 92-96 20686114-7 2010 Arecoline increased both parameters in brain regions of iPLA(2)beta(+/+) mice but quantitatively less so in iPLA(2)beta(-/-) and iPLA(2)beta(+/-) mice. Arecoline 0-9 phospholipase A2, group VI Mus musculus 56-67 20846156-8 2010 Arecoline was found to elevate HIF-1alpha expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). Arecoline 0-9 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 31-41 20846156-9 2010 The addition of NAC, curcumin, PD98059, and staurosporine markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced HIF-1alpha expression (P<0.05). Arecoline 81-90 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 99-109 20846156-10 2010 CONCLUSIONS: Hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha expression is significantly upregulated in areca quid chewing-associated OSCC and HIF-1alpha expression induced by arecoline is downregulated by NAC, curcumin, PD98059, and staurosporine. Arecoline 160-169 hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha Homo sapiens 127-137 20724125-8 2011 Eugenol and arecoline significantly increase the expressions of the glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) genes, but not the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Arecoline 12-21 solute carrier family 2 member 4 Homo sapiens 68-94 20724125-8 2011 Eugenol and arecoline significantly increase the expressions of the glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) genes, but not the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. Arecoline 12-21 solute carrier family 2 member 4 Homo sapiens 96-101 20604955-0 2010 Arecoline induced disruption of expression and localization of the tight junctional protein ZO-1 is dependent on the HER 2 expression in human endometrial Ishikawa cells. Arecoline 0-9 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 117-122 20604955-6 2010 RESULTS: Using the human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cell line, we investigated the effects of arecoline on expression, localization and functional connections between the ZO-1 tight junction protein and the HER2 EGF receptor family member. Arecoline 95-104 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 172-176 20604955-7 2010 Treatment of Ishikawa cells with arecoline coordinately down-regulated expression of both ZO-1 and HER2 protein and transcripts in a dose dependent manner. Arecoline 33-42 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 90-94 20604955-7 2010 Treatment of Ishikawa cells with arecoline coordinately down-regulated expression of both ZO-1 and HER2 protein and transcripts in a dose dependent manner. Arecoline 33-42 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 99-103 20604955-8 2010 Biochemical fractionation of cells as well as indirect immunofluorescence revealed that arecoline disrupted the localization of ZO-1 to the junctional complex at the cell periphery. Arecoline 88-97 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 128-132 20604955-9 2010 Compared to control transfected cells, ectopic expression of exogenous HER2 prevented the arecoline mediated down-regulation of ZO-1 expression and restored the localization of ZO-1 to the cell periphery. Arecoline 90-99 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 71-75 20604955-9 2010 Compared to control transfected cells, ectopic expression of exogenous HER2 prevented the arecoline mediated down-regulation of ZO-1 expression and restored the localization of ZO-1 to the cell periphery. Arecoline 90-99 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 128-132 20604955-10 2010 Furthermore, treatment with dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid reported to up-regulate expression of HER2 in Ishikawa cells, precluded arecoline from down-regulating ZO-1 expression and disrupting ZO-1 localization. Arecoline 142-151 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 Homo sapiens 108-112 20604955-10 2010 Furthermore, treatment with dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid reported to up-regulate expression of HER2 in Ishikawa cells, precluded arecoline from down-regulating ZO-1 expression and disrupting ZO-1 localization. Arecoline 142-151 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 173-177 20604955-10 2010 Furthermore, treatment with dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid reported to up-regulate expression of HER2 in Ishikawa cells, precluded arecoline from down-regulating ZO-1 expression and disrupting ZO-1 localization. Arecoline 142-151 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 204-208 20604955-12 2010 The arecoline down-regulation of ZO-1 expression and subcellular distribution suggests that arecoline potentially disrupts cell-cell interactions mediated by ZO-1, which may play a role in arecoline-mediated carcinogenesis. Arecoline 4-13 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 33-37 20604955-12 2010 The arecoline down-regulation of ZO-1 expression and subcellular distribution suggests that arecoline potentially disrupts cell-cell interactions mediated by ZO-1, which may play a role in arecoline-mediated carcinogenesis. Arecoline 4-13 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 158-162 20604955-12 2010 The arecoline down-regulation of ZO-1 expression and subcellular distribution suggests that arecoline potentially disrupts cell-cell interactions mediated by ZO-1, which may play a role in arecoline-mediated carcinogenesis. Arecoline 92-101 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 33-37 20604955-12 2010 The arecoline down-regulation of ZO-1 expression and subcellular distribution suggests that arecoline potentially disrupts cell-cell interactions mediated by ZO-1, which may play a role in arecoline-mediated carcinogenesis. Arecoline 92-101 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 158-162 20604955-12 2010 The arecoline down-regulation of ZO-1 expression and subcellular distribution suggests that arecoline potentially disrupts cell-cell interactions mediated by ZO-1, which may play a role in arecoline-mediated carcinogenesis. Arecoline 92-101 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 33-37 20604955-12 2010 The arecoline down-regulation of ZO-1 expression and subcellular distribution suggests that arecoline potentially disrupts cell-cell interactions mediated by ZO-1, which may play a role in arecoline-mediated carcinogenesis. Arecoline 92-101 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 158-162 19457704-0 2009 Arecoline-stimulated connective tissue growth factor production in human buccal mucosal fibroblasts: Modulation by curcumin. Arecoline 0-9 cellular communication network factor 2 Homo sapiens 21-52 20507639-0 2010 Arecoline induces HA22T/VGH hepatoma cells to undergo anoikis - involvement of STAT3 and RhoA activation. Arecoline 0-9 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 Homo sapiens 79-84 20507639-0 2010 Arecoline induces HA22T/VGH hepatoma cells to undergo anoikis - involvement of STAT3 and RhoA activation. Arecoline 0-9 ras homolog family member A Homo sapiens 89-93 20507639-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Our previous study showed that, in basal cell carcinoma cells, arecoline reduces levels of the tumor cell survival factor interleukin-6 (IL-6), increases levels of tumor suppressor factor p53, and elicits cell cycle arrest, followed by apoptosis. Arecoline 75-84 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 134-147 20507639-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Our previous study showed that, in basal cell carcinoma cells, arecoline reduces levels of the tumor cell survival factor interleukin-6 (IL-6), increases levels of tumor suppressor factor p53, and elicits cell cycle arrest, followed by apoptosis. Arecoline 75-84 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 149-153 20507639-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Our previous study showed that, in basal cell carcinoma cells, arecoline reduces levels of the tumor cell survival factor interleukin-6 (IL-6), increases levels of tumor suppressor factor p53, and elicits cell cycle arrest, followed by apoptosis. Arecoline 75-84 tumor protein p53 Homo sapiens 200-203 20507639-6 2010 RESULTS: A low concentration of arecoline (<or= 100 microg/ml) caused cytoskeletal changes in HA22T/VGH cells, but not hepatocytes, and this was accompanied by decreased beta1-integrin expression and followed by apoptosis, indicating that HA22T/VGH cells undergo anoikis after arecoline treatment. Arecoline 32-41 integrin subunit beta 1 Homo sapiens 173-187 20507639-8 2010 In addition, phosphorylation/activation of p190RhoGAP, a RhoA inhibitor, and of its upstream regulator, SHP2, was inhibited by arecoline treatment, while Rho/Rock activation was increased. Arecoline 127-136 Rho GTPase activating protein 35 Homo sapiens 43-53 20507639-8 2010 In addition, phosphorylation/activation of p190RhoGAP, a RhoA inhibitor, and of its upstream regulator, SHP2, was inhibited by arecoline treatment, while Rho/Rock activation was increased. Arecoline 127-136 ras homolog family member A Homo sapiens 57-61 20507639-8 2010 In addition, phosphorylation/activation of p190RhoGAP, a RhoA inhibitor, and of its upstream regulator, SHP2, was inhibited by arecoline treatment, while Rho/Rock activation was increased. Arecoline 127-136 protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11 Homo sapiens 104-108 20507639-9 2010 Addition of the RhoA inhibitor attenuated the effects of arecoline. Arecoline 57-66 ras homolog family member A Homo sapiens 16-20 20507639-10 2010 CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that arecoline induces anoikis of HA22T/VGH cells involving inhibition of STAT3 and increased RhoA/Rock activation and that the STAT3 and RhoA/Rock signaling pathways are connected. Arecoline 42-51 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 Homo sapiens 111-116 20507639-10 2010 CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that arecoline induces anoikis of HA22T/VGH cells involving inhibition of STAT3 and increased RhoA/Rock activation and that the STAT3 and RhoA/Rock signaling pathways are connected. Arecoline 42-51 ras homolog family member A Homo sapiens 131-135 20507639-10 2010 CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that arecoline induces anoikis of HA22T/VGH cells involving inhibition of STAT3 and increased RhoA/Rock activation and that the STAT3 and RhoA/Rock signaling pathways are connected. Arecoline 42-51 ras homolog family member A Homo sapiens 175-179 20555412-8 2010 Nifedipine, 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), and Ca2+-free Krebs solution with EGTA partly inhibited the effects of arecoline. Arecoline 121-130 arginyl aminopeptidase Rattus norvegicus 44-47 20555412-9 2010 The sum of Ca2+-free Krebs solution, EGTA, and 2-APB completely inhibited the effects of arecoline. Arecoline 89-98 arginyl aminopeptidase Rattus norvegicus 49-52 19438976-5 2009 RESULTS: We observed the induction of transforming growth factor-beta2 by arecoline in HaCaT cells and this induction was found to be caused by activation of the M-3 muscarinic acid receptor via the induction of calcium and the protein kinase C pathway. Arecoline 74-83 transforming growth factor beta 2 Homo sapiens 38-70 19364390-8 2009 Sublethal concentrations of arecoline upregulated the expression of the following stress-responsive genes: heme oxygenase-1; ferritin light chain; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit; and glutathione reductase. Arecoline 28-37 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 107-123 19364390-8 2009 Sublethal concentrations of arecoline upregulated the expression of the following stress-responsive genes: heme oxygenase-1; ferritin light chain; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit; and glutathione reductase. Arecoline 28-37 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Homo sapiens 147-180 19364390-9 2009 Additionally, there was a dose-dependent induction of interleukin-1alfa mRNA by arecoline via oxidative stress and p38 MAPK activation. Arecoline 80-89 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Homo sapiens 115-118 19457704-4 2009 Western blot analysis showed that arecoline, a main alkaloid found in AN, stimulated CTGF synthesis in a dose- and time-dependent manner in buccal mucosal fibroblasts. Arecoline 34-43 cellular communication network factor 2 Homo sapiens 85-89 19457704-7 2009 Furthermore, curcumin completely inhibited arecoline-induced CTGF synthesis and the inhibition is dose-dependent. Arecoline 43-52 cellular communication network factor 2 Homo sapiens 61-65 19457704-8 2009 These results indicated that arecoline-induced CTGF synthesis was mediated by ROS, NF-kappaB, JNK, P38 MAPK pathways and curcumin could be a useful agent in controlling OSF. Arecoline 29-38 cellular communication network factor 2 Homo sapiens 47-51 19343784-6 2009 Moreover, arecoline only increased the levels of the p-p53Ser6, p-p53Ser15, and p-p53Ser392 phosphorylated p53 isoforms among the known isoforms. Arecoline 10-19 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 55-58 19343784-7 2009 ATM shRNA attenuated arecoline-induced p-p53Ser15 and p21(WAF1) at 24 h. Arecoline (0.5 mM) increased phosphorylation levels of p-AktSer473 and p-mTORSer2448 at 30-60 min. Arecoline 21-30 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 0-3 19343784-0 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM/ATR and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase in clone-9 cells. Arecoline 0-9 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 33-36 19343784-0 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM/ATR and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase in clone-9 cells. Arecoline 0-9 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 41-44 19343784-7 2009 ATM shRNA attenuated arecoline-induced p-p53Ser15 and p21(WAF1) at 24 h. Arecoline (0.5 mM) increased phosphorylation levels of p-AktSer473 and p-mTORSer2448 at 30-60 min. Arecoline 21-30 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 54-57 19343784-0 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM/ATR and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase in clone-9 cells. Arecoline 0-9 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 45-49 19343784-0 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM/ATR and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase in clone-9 cells. Arecoline 0-9 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 86-89 19343784-7 2009 ATM shRNA attenuated arecoline-induced p-p53Ser15 and p21(WAF1) at 24 h. Arecoline (0.5 mM) increased phosphorylation levels of p-AktSer473 and p-mTORSer2448 at 30-60 min. Arecoline 21-30 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 58-62 19343784-7 2009 ATM shRNA attenuated arecoline-induced p-p53Ser15 and p21(WAF1) at 24 h. Arecoline (0.5 mM) increased phosphorylation levels of p-AktSer473 and p-mTORSer2448 at 30-60 min. Arecoline 73-82 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 0-3 19343784-0 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM/ATR and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase in clone-9 cells. Arecoline 0-9 ATR serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 90-93 19343784-7 2009 ATM shRNA attenuated arecoline-induced p-p53Ser15 and p21(WAF1) at 24 h. Arecoline (0.5 mM) increased phosphorylation levels of p-AktSer473 and p-mTORSer2448 at 30-60 min. Arecoline 73-82 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 54-57 19343784-0 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM/ATR and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase in clone-9 cells. Arecoline 0-9 phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit gamma Rattus norvegicus 98-127 19343784-7 2009 ATM shRNA attenuated arecoline-induced p-p53Ser15 and p21(WAF1) at 24 h. Arecoline (0.5 mM) increased phosphorylation levels of p-AktSer473 and p-mTORSer2448 at 30-60 min. Arecoline 73-82 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 58-62 19343784-1 2009 Betel-quid use is associated with liver cancer whereas its constituent arecoline is cytotoxic, genotoxic, and induces p53-dependent p21(WAF1) protein expression in Clone-9 cells (rat hepatocytes). Arecoline 71-80 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 118-121 19343784-1 2009 Betel-quid use is associated with liver cancer whereas its constituent arecoline is cytotoxic, genotoxic, and induces p53-dependent p21(WAF1) protein expression in Clone-9 cells (rat hepatocytes). Arecoline 71-80 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 132-135 19343784-1 2009 Betel-quid use is associated with liver cancer whereas its constituent arecoline is cytotoxic, genotoxic, and induces p53-dependent p21(WAF1) protein expression in Clone-9 cells (rat hepatocytes). Arecoline 71-80 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 136-140 19343784-3 2009 Thus, we studied the role of ATM/ATR and PI3K in arecoline-induced p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 49-58 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 29-32 19343784-3 2009 Thus, we studied the role of ATM/ATR and PI3K in arecoline-induced p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 49-58 ATR serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 33-36 19343784-3 2009 Thus, we studied the role of ATM/ATR and PI3K in arecoline-induced p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 49-58 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 67-70 19343784-3 2009 Thus, we studied the role of ATM/ATR and PI3K in arecoline-induced p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 49-58 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 75-78 19343784-3 2009 Thus, we studied the role of ATM/ATR and PI3K in arecoline-induced p53 and p21(WAF1) protein expression in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 49-58 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 79-83 19343784-4 2009 We found that arecoline (0.5 mM) activated the ATM/ATR kinase at 30 min. Arecoline 14-23 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 47-50 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 43-52 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 61-64 19343784-4 2009 We found that arecoline (0.5 mM) activated the ATM/ATR kinase at 30 min. Arecoline 14-23 ATR serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 51-54 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 43-52 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 65-69 19343784-5 2009 The arecoline-activated ATM/ATR substrate contained p-p53Ser15. Arecoline 4-13 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 24-27 19343784-5 2009 The arecoline-activated ATM/ATR substrate contained p-p53Ser15. Arecoline 4-13 ATR serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 28-31 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 43-52 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 174-177 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 43-52 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 178-182 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 43-52 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 194-197 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 43-52 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 174-177 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 43-52 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 178-182 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 65-69 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 174-177 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 178-182 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 194-197 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 174-177 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 178-182 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 65-69 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 174-177 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 178-182 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 194-197 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 174-177 19343784-8 2009 Dominant-negative PI3K plasmids attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1), but not p-p53Ser15, at 24 h. Rapamycin attenuated arecoline-induced phosphrylated p-p53Ser15, but not p21(WAF1), at 24 h. ATM shRNA, but not dominant-negative PI3K plasmids, attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 122-131 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 178-182 19343784-9 2009 We conclude that arecoline activates the ATM/ATR-p53-p21(WAF1) and the PI3K/Akt-mTOR-p53 pathways in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 17-26 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 41-44 19343784-9 2009 We conclude that arecoline activates the ATM/ATR-p53-p21(WAF1) and the PI3K/Akt-mTOR-p53 pathways in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 17-26 ATR serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 45-48 19343784-9 2009 We conclude that arecoline activates the ATM/ATR-p53-p21(WAF1) and the PI3K/Akt-mTOR-p53 pathways in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 17-26 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 49-52 19343784-9 2009 We conclude that arecoline activates the ATM/ATR-p53-p21(WAF1) and the PI3K/Akt-mTOR-p53 pathways in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 17-26 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 53-56 19343784-9 2009 We conclude that arecoline activates the ATM/ATR-p53-p21(WAF1) and the PI3K/Akt-mTOR-p53 pathways in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 17-26 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 57-61 19343784-9 2009 We conclude that arecoline activates the ATM/ATR-p53-p21(WAF1) and the PI3K/Akt-mTOR-p53 pathways in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 17-26 AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 Rattus norvegicus 76-79 19343784-9 2009 We conclude that arecoline activates the ATM/ATR-p53-p21(WAF1) and the PI3K/Akt-mTOR-p53 pathways in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 17-26 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Rattus norvegicus 80-84 19343784-9 2009 We conclude that arecoline activates the ATM/ATR-p53-p21(WAF1) and the PI3K/Akt-mTOR-p53 pathways in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 17-26 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 85-88 19343784-10 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p-p53Ser15 expression is dependent on ATM whereas arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM and PI3K. Arecoline 0-9 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 71-74 19343784-10 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p-p53Ser15 expression is dependent on ATM whereas arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM and PI3K. Arecoline 83-92 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 101-104 19343784-10 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p-p53Ser15 expression is dependent on ATM whereas arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM and PI3K. Arecoline 83-92 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 105-109 19343784-10 2009 Arecoline-induced phosphorylated p-p53Ser15 expression is dependent on ATM whereas arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) protein expression is dependent on ATM and PI3K. Arecoline 83-92 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 146-149 19343784-11 2009 Moreover, p21(WAF1) gene is transcriptionally induced by arecoline-activated ATM. Arecoline 57-66 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 10-13 19343784-11 2009 Moreover, p21(WAF1) gene is transcriptionally induced by arecoline-activated ATM. Arecoline 57-66 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 14-18 19343784-11 2009 Moreover, p21(WAF1) gene is transcriptionally induced by arecoline-activated ATM. Arecoline 57-66 ATM serine/threonine kinase Rattus norvegicus 77-80 18234541-11 2008 Arecoline was found to elevate HSP70 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner (p<0.05). Arecoline 0-9 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4 Homo sapiens 31-36 19388153-9 2009 Arecoline was also found to elevate HO-1 mRNA and protein expression in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Arecoline 0-9 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 36-40 19388153-10 2009 CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, the data presented here demonstrated that HO-1 expression is significantly upregulated in OSF from areca quid chewers, and arecoline may be responsible for the enhanced HO-1 expression in vivo. Arecoline 152-161 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 198-202 19278990-0 2009 Transglutaminase-2 regulation by arecoline in gingival fibroblasts. Arecoline 33-42 transglutaminase 2 Homo sapiens 0-18 19278990-3 2009 Hence, we hypothesize that arecoline may regulate TGM-2 and may have a role in the pathogenesis of OSMF. Arecoline 27-36 transglutaminase 2 Homo sapiens 50-55 19278990-5 2009 Arecoline induced TGM-2 mRNA and protein expression as well as TGM-2 activity in human gingival fibroblast cells. Arecoline 0-9 transglutaminase 2 Homo sapiens 18-23 19278990-5 2009 Arecoline induced TGM-2 mRNA and protein expression as well as TGM-2 activity in human gingival fibroblast cells. Arecoline 0-9 transglutaminase 2 Homo sapiens 63-68 19278990-6 2009 The addition of methocramine hemihydrate (M-2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor selective antagonist) or 8"-bromo-cAMP abolished arecoline-mediated TGM-2 induction, suggesting a role for M-2 muscarinic acid receptor and a repressor role for cAMP. Arecoline 129-138 transglutaminase 2 Homo sapiens 148-153 19278990-7 2009 Our study provides evidence for TGM-2 overexpression in OSMF and its regulation by arecoline in oral fibroblasts. Arecoline 83-92 transglutaminase 2 Homo sapiens 32-37 18922923-1 2008 Because the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is up-regulated by arecoline in human gingival fibroblasts, as shown in our previous study, we further investigated the mRNA expression level of COX-2 and its upstream effectors in three oral epithelial carcinoma cell lines (KB, SAS, and Ca9-22) by using areca nut extract (ANE) and saliva-reacted ANE (sANE). Arecoline 75-84 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 31-47 18922923-1 2008 Because the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is up-regulated by arecoline in human gingival fibroblasts, as shown in our previous study, we further investigated the mRNA expression level of COX-2 and its upstream effectors in three oral epithelial carcinoma cell lines (KB, SAS, and Ca9-22) by using areca nut extract (ANE) and saliva-reacted ANE (sANE). Arecoline 75-84 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 49-54 18571622-6 2008 Esophageal carcinoma (CE81T/VGH) and OSCC (OECM-1) cell lines survived from the cytotoxic BQ extract (BQE) and arecoline selection process were found to express higher MMP-1 mRNA and protein levels, or to exhibit a significant acceleration of two-dimensional (2D) motility than their non-selected parental cells. Arecoline 111-120 matrix metallopeptidase 1 Homo sapiens 168-173 18668345-0 2008 Arecoline and the 30-100 kDa fraction of areca nut extract differentially regulate mTOR and respectively induce apoptosis and autophagy: a pilot study. Arecoline 0-9 mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase Homo sapiens 83-87 18234541-12 2008 The addition of NAC, curcumin, PD98059, and staurosporine markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced HSP70 expression (p<0.05). Arecoline 81-90 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4 Homo sapiens 99-104 18234541-15 2008 In addition, arecoline-induced HSP70 expression was downregulated by NAC, curcumin, PD98059, and staurosporine. Arecoline 13-22 heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4 Homo sapiens 31-36 18559981-7 2008 The stimulatory effect of arecoline on T release in vitro was enhanced by hCG (0.001 IU/ml), forskolin (10(-6) M), or 8-Br-cAMP (10(-5) M). Arecoline 26-35 chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 5 Homo sapiens 74-77 18559981-10 2008 These results suggested that arecoline stimulates testosterone production by acting directly on Leydig cells via mechanisms involving an activation of L-type calcium channels, increasing the activity of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and enhancing the expression of StAR. Arecoline 29-38 aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C12 Rattus norvegicus 203-238 17418620-11 2008 In addition, arecoline was found to elevate MT-1 mRNA in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). Arecoline 13-22 metallothionein 1I, pseudogene Homo sapiens 44-48 18492619-11 2008 In addition, arecoline was found to elevate HO-1 mRNA in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Arecoline 13-22 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 44-48 18492619-13 2008 Moreover, addition of NAC markedly inhibited arecoline-induced HO-1 expression (p < 0.05). Arecoline 45-54 X-linked Kx blood group Homo sapiens 22-25 18492619-13 2008 Moreover, addition of NAC markedly inhibited arecoline-induced HO-1 expression (p < 0.05). Arecoline 45-54 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 63-67 18492619-14 2008 CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results suggest that HO-1 expression is significantly upregulated in OSCC from areca quid chewers, and arecoline may be responsible for enhanced HO-1 expression in vivo. Arecoline 137-146 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 179-183 18492619-16 2008 The regulation of HO-1 expression induced by arecoline is critically dependent on intracellular GSH concentration. Arecoline 45-54 heme oxygenase 1 Homo sapiens 18-22 18221324-8 2008 Arecoline was also found to elevate HSP47 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Arecoline 0-9 serpin family H member 1 Homo sapiens 36-41 18221324-9 2008 The amount of HSP47 was about 3.7-fold at a concentration level of 80 microg/ml arecoline when compared with control (P < 0.05). Arecoline 80-89 serpin family H member 1 Homo sapiens 14-19 18221324-10 2008 In addition, pre-treatment with pharmacologic agents markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced HSP47 mRNA expression (P < 0.05). Arecoline 76-85 serpin family H member 1 Homo sapiens 94-99 18221324-11 2008 CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, HSP47 is significantly upregulated in OSF from areca quid chewers and HSP47 expression induced by arecoline in fibroblasts may be mediated by MEK, PI3K, and COX-2 signal transduction pathways. Arecoline 127-136 serpin family H member 1 Homo sapiens 99-104 18221324-11 2008 CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, HSP47 is significantly upregulated in OSF from areca quid chewers and HSP47 expression induced by arecoline in fibroblasts may be mediated by MEK, PI3K, and COX-2 signal transduction pathways. Arecoline 127-136 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 Homo sapiens 171-174 18522222-0 2008 [Effect of arecholine and atropine administration on the carboxypeptidase H and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride-inhibited carboxypeptidase activities in the rat nervous tissue]. Arecoline 11-21 carboxypeptidase E Rattus norvegicus 57-75 18522222-1 2008 The effect of a single dose administration of arecholine and atropine on the activities of carboxypeptidase H and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride-inhibited carboxypeptidase involved into the final stage of formation of biologically active neuropeptides from precursors has been studied. Arecoline 46-56 carboxypeptidase E Rattus norvegicus 91-109 18522222-3 2008 These results suggest that one of possible mechanisms of reduction of neuropeptide levels by arecholine and atropine consists in suppression of activity of enzymes taking part in there metabolism--carboxypeptidase H and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride-inhibited carboxypeptidase. Arecoline 93-103 carboxypeptidase E Rattus norvegicus 197-215 17418620-12 2008 Furthermore, the addition of BaP enhanced the arecoline-induced MT-1 expression (p<0.05). Arecoline 46-55 metallothionein 1I, pseudogene Homo sapiens 64-68 17418620-13 2008 The addition of NAC markedly inhibited the arecoline-induced MT-1 expression (p<0.05). Arecoline 43-52 metallothionein 1I, pseudogene Homo sapiens 61-65 17418620-17 2008 The regulation of MT-1 expression induced by arecoline is critically dependent on the intracellular GSH concentration. Arecoline 45-54 metallothionein 1I, pseudogene Homo sapiens 18-22 17997002-0 2008 Arecoline-induced growth arrest and p21WAF1 expression are dependent on p53 in rat hepatocytes. Arecoline 0-9 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 72-75 17997002-11 2008 Moreover, arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) is dependent on p53 while arecoline-inhibited growth is dependent on both TGF-beta and p53. Arecoline 64-73 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 112-120 17997002-5 2008 Arecoline dose-dependently (0.1-0.5mM) increased transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA, gene transcription and bioactivity and neutralizing TGF-beta antibody attenuated arecoline (0.5mM)-inhibited cell proliferation at 24h. Arecoline 0-9 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 82-90 17997002-11 2008 Moreover, arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) is dependent on p53 while arecoline-inhibited growth is dependent on both TGF-beta and p53. Arecoline 64-73 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 125-128 17997002-5 2008 Arecoline dose-dependently (0.1-0.5mM) increased transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA, gene transcription and bioactivity and neutralizing TGF-beta antibody attenuated arecoline (0.5mM)-inhibited cell proliferation at 24h. Arecoline 179-188 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 150-158 17997002-6 2008 Arecoline (0.5mM) also increased p21(WAF1) protein expression and p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 0-9 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 33-36 17997002-6 2008 Arecoline (0.5mM) also increased p21(WAF1) protein expression and p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 0-9 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 37-41 17997002-6 2008 Arecoline (0.5mM) also increased p21(WAF1) protein expression and p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 0-9 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 66-69 17997002-6 2008 Arecoline (0.5mM) also increased p21(WAF1) protein expression and p21(WAF1) gene transcription. Arecoline 0-9 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 70-74 17997002-7 2008 Moreover, arecoline (0.5mM) time-dependently (8-24h) increased p53 serine 15 phosphorylation. Arecoline 10-19 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 63-66 17997002-8 2008 Pifithrin-alpha (p53 inhibitor) and the loss of the two p53-binding elements in the p21(WAF1) gene promoter attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription at 24h. Arecoline 119-128 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 17-20 17997002-8 2008 Pifithrin-alpha (p53 inhibitor) and the loss of the two p53-binding elements in the p21(WAF1) gene promoter attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription at 24h. Arecoline 119-128 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 56-59 17997002-8 2008 Pifithrin-alpha (p53 inhibitor) and the loss of the two p53-binding elements in the p21(WAF1) gene promoter attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription at 24h. Arecoline 119-128 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 84-87 17997002-8 2008 Pifithrin-alpha (p53 inhibitor) and the loss of the two p53-binding elements in the p21(WAF1) gene promoter attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription at 24h. Arecoline 119-128 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 88-92 17997002-8 2008 Pifithrin-alpha (p53 inhibitor) and the loss of the two p53-binding elements in the p21(WAF1) gene promoter attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription at 24h. Arecoline 119-128 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 137-140 17997002-8 2008 Pifithrin-alpha (p53 inhibitor) and the loss of the two p53-binding elements in the p21(WAF1) gene promoter attenuated arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) gene transcription at 24h. Arecoline 119-128 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 141-145 17997002-10 2008 We concluded that arecoline induces cytotoxicity, DNA damage, G(0)/G(1) cell cycle arrest, TGF-beta1, p21(WAF1) and activates p53 in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 18-27 transforming growth factor, beta 1 Rattus norvegicus 91-100 17997002-10 2008 We concluded that arecoline induces cytotoxicity, DNA damage, G(0)/G(1) cell cycle arrest, TGF-beta1, p21(WAF1) and activates p53 in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 18-27 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 102-105 17997002-10 2008 We concluded that arecoline induces cytotoxicity, DNA damage, G(0)/G(1) cell cycle arrest, TGF-beta1, p21(WAF1) and activates p53 in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 18-27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 106-110 17997002-10 2008 We concluded that arecoline induces cytotoxicity, DNA damage, G(0)/G(1) cell cycle arrest, TGF-beta1, p21(WAF1) and activates p53 in Clone-9 cells. Arecoline 18-27 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 126-129 17997002-11 2008 Moreover, arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) is dependent on p53 while arecoline-inhibited growth is dependent on both TGF-beta and p53. Arecoline 10-19 KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase Rattus norvegicus 28-31 17997002-11 2008 Moreover, arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) is dependent on p53 while arecoline-inhibited growth is dependent on both TGF-beta and p53. Arecoline 10-19 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A Rattus norvegicus 32-36 17997002-11 2008 Moreover, arecoline-induced p21(WAF1) is dependent on p53 while arecoline-inhibited growth is dependent on both TGF-beta and p53. Arecoline 10-19 Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene Rattus norvegicus 54-57 17707585-0 2007 Differential effect of arecoline on the endogenous dioxin-responsive cytochrome P450 1A1 and on a stably transfected dioxin-responsive element-driven reporter in human hepatoma cells. Arecoline 23-32 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 69-88 19125793-6 2008 In the mouse model induced by treatment with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide and arecoline, increased cortactin was detected in the epithelia with hyperkeratosis, papillomas, and ESCCs with invasion into the submucosa, respectively. Arecoline 74-83 cortactin Mus musculus 95-104 17562170-1 2007 Cholinergic muscarinic receptors, when stimulated by arecoline, can activate cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) to release arachidonic acid (AA) from membrane phospholipid. Arecoline 53-62 phospholipase A2 group IVA Rattus norvegicus 77-114 17306610-0 2007 Up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-8 by betel quid extract and arecoline and its role in 2D motility. Arecoline 70-79 matrix metallopeptidase 8 Homo sapiens 17-43 17306610-6 2007 Arecoline, the major alkaloid of areca nut, was tested to dose-dependently up-regulate MMP-8 protein level. Arecoline 0-9 matrix metallopeptidase 8 Homo sapiens 87-92 17306610-7 2007 Moreover, both arecoline- (4.7-fold) and BQE-selected (5.5-fold) CE81T/VGH cells expressed higher MMP-8 protein level and exhibited enhanced two-dimensional (2D) motility (p=0.009 in both cells) than parental cells. Arecoline 15-24 matrix metallopeptidase 8 Homo sapiens 98-103 17306610-8 2007 The enhanced motility of arecoline- (p=0.006) and BQE-selected (p=0.002) cells was both specifically blocked by an anti-MMP-8 antibody. Arecoline 25-34 matrix metallopeptidase 8 Homo sapiens 120-125 17306610-10 2007 Furthermore, arecoline may be one of the positive MMP-8 regulators among BQ ingredients. Arecoline 13-22 matrix metallopeptidase 8 Homo sapiens 50-55 17707585-3 2007 It was also shown that arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, inhibited the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) activation in Huh-7 cells. Arecoline 23-32 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 127-146 17707585-3 2007 It was also shown that arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, inhibited the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) activation in Huh-7 cells. Arecoline 23-32 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 148-154 17707585-5 2007 In the present study, the effect of arecoline on the TCDD-induced activation of DRE-CALUX and CYP1A1 enzyme in Huh7-DRE-Luc and Huh-7 cells, respectively, was examined. Arecoline 36-45 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 94-100 17707585-5 2007 In the present study, the effect of arecoline on the TCDD-induced activation of DRE-CALUX and CYP1A1 enzyme in Huh7-DRE-Luc and Huh-7 cells, respectively, was examined. Arecoline 36-45 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 111-115 17707585-6 2007 It was found that arecoline inhibited TCDD-induced CYP1A1 activation and however enhanced TCDD-induced DRE-CALUX activation. Arecoline 18-27 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 51-57 17707585-7 2007 This finding indicates the differential effect of arecoline on the endogenous dioxin-responsive CYP1A1 and on a stably transfected DRE-driven reporter in human hepatoma cells. Arecoline 50-59 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 96-102 17234337-2 2007 We treated Huh-7 cells with 10nM TCDD in the presence of different concentrations of arecoline (50-300 microM). Arecoline 85-94 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 11-16 17070095-9 2007 In addition, arecoline was also found to elevate cystatin C mRNA and protein expression in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). Arecoline 13-22 cystatin C Homo sapiens 49-59 17070095-10 2007 Taken together, the data demonstrate that cystatin C expression is significantly upregulated in OSF from areca quid chewers and arecoline may be responsible for the enhanced cystatin C expression in vivo. Arecoline 128-137 cystatin C Homo sapiens 174-184 17234337-0 2007 Arecoline inhibits the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced cytochrome P450 1A1 activation in human hepatoma cells. Arecoline 0-9 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 67-86 17234337-1 2007 In the present study, we investigated the effect of arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, on the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced activation of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) in a human hepatoma cell line Huh-7. Arecoline 52-61 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 183-189 17234337-3 2007 Our results indicated that arecoline attenuated the TCDD-induced CYP1A1 enzyme activation with an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation. Arecoline 27-36 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 65-71 17234337-1 2007 In the present study, we investigated the effect of arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, on the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced activation of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) in a human hepatoma cell line Huh-7. Arecoline 52-61 MIR7-3 host gene Homo sapiens 221-226 17234337-4 2007 By using real-time RT-PCR, we demonstrated that arecoline inhibited the TCDD-induced activations of CYP1A1 and AhR repressor (AhRR) mRNA expression in a similar pattern. Arecoline 48-57 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 100-106 17234337-4 2007 By using real-time RT-PCR, we demonstrated that arecoline inhibited the TCDD-induced activations of CYP1A1 and AhR repressor (AhRR) mRNA expression in a similar pattern. Arecoline 48-57 aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor Homo sapiens 111-124 17234337-4 2007 By using real-time RT-PCR, we demonstrated that arecoline inhibited the TCDD-induced activations of CYP1A1 and AhR repressor (AhRR) mRNA expression in a similar pattern. Arecoline 48-57 aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor Homo sapiens 126-130 17234337-5 2007 Our results revealed that arecoline inhibited AhR mRNA expression with no direct effect on CYP1A1 enzyme activity. Arecoline 26-35 aryl hydrocarbon receptor Homo sapiens 46-49 17234337-6 2007 Therefore, in our present study, the observed inhibitory effect of arecoline on CYP1A1 activation was not due to the up-regulation of AhRR or direct inhibitory effect on CYP1A1. Arecoline 67-76 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 80-86 17234337-7 2007 Taken together, here we have demonstrated that arecoline attenuates the TCDD-induced CYP1A1 activation mainly via down-regulation of AhR expression in human hepatoma cells, suggesting the possible involvement of arecoline in the AhR-mediated metabolism of environmental toxicants in liver. Arecoline 47-56 cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 85-91 17234337-7 2007 Taken together, here we have demonstrated that arecoline attenuates the TCDD-induced CYP1A1 activation mainly via down-regulation of AhR expression in human hepatoma cells, suggesting the possible involvement of arecoline in the AhR-mediated metabolism of environmental toxicants in liver. Arecoline 47-56 aryl hydrocarbon receptor Homo sapiens 133-136 17234337-7 2007 Taken together, here we have demonstrated that arecoline attenuates the TCDD-induced CYP1A1 activation mainly via down-regulation of AhR expression in human hepatoma cells, suggesting the possible involvement of arecoline in the AhR-mediated metabolism of environmental toxicants in liver. Arecoline 47-56 aryl hydrocarbon receptor Homo sapiens 229-232 17234337-7 2007 Taken together, here we have demonstrated that arecoline attenuates the TCDD-induced CYP1A1 activation mainly via down-regulation of AhR expression in human hepatoma cells, suggesting the possible involvement of arecoline in the AhR-mediated metabolism of environmental toxicants in liver. Arecoline 212-221 aryl hydrocarbon receptor Homo sapiens 229-232 17305628-4 2007 Furthermore, arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, was challenged with normal buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs) to elucidate whether the activities of t-PA and PAI-1 could be affected by arecoline. Arecoline 13-22 plasminogen activator, tissue type Homo sapiens 152-156 17305628-4 2007 Furthermore, arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, was challenged with normal buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs) to elucidate whether the activities of t-PA and PAI-1 could be affected by arecoline. Arecoline 13-22 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 161-166 17305628-7 2007 The addition of arecoline upregulated not only PAI-1, but also t-PA in BMFs (P < 0.05). Arecoline 16-25 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 47-52 17305628-7 2007 The addition of arecoline upregulated not only PAI-1, but also t-PA in BMFs (P < 0.05). Arecoline 16-25 plasminogen activator, tissue type Homo sapiens 63-67 17331439-0 2007 [Effects of arecoline and nicotine on the expression of hTERT in oral keratinocytes]. Arecoline 12-21 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 56-61 17214642-12 2007 However, under conditions that did not affect the viability of PMN, the ability of CB/fMLP to trigger production of intracellular ROS and release of MPO in human PMN was significantly suppressed by areca nut extract and arecoline. Arecoline 220-229 formyl peptide receptor 1 Homo sapiens 83-90 17214642-12 2007 However, under conditions that did not affect the viability of PMN, the ability of CB/fMLP to trigger production of intracellular ROS and release of MPO in human PMN was significantly suppressed by areca nut extract and arecoline. Arecoline 220-229 myeloperoxidase Homo sapiens 149-152 17331439-1 2007 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of arecoline and nicotine on the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA and protein in cultured normal human oral keratinocytes (KC). Arecoline 41-50 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 125-130 17331439-4 2007 RESULTS: Arecoline could induce the hTERT mRNA and protein expression of KC in a dose dependent manner, the hTERT mRNA and protein expression of KC was higher in 0.030, 0.060, 0.090 g/L arecoline group than control group (P < 0.001). Arecoline 9-18 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 36-41 17331439-4 2007 RESULTS: Arecoline could induce the hTERT mRNA and protein expression of KC in a dose dependent manner, the hTERT mRNA and protein expression of KC was higher in 0.030, 0.060, 0.090 g/L arecoline group than control group (P < 0.001). Arecoline 9-18 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 108-113 17331439-4 2007 RESULTS: Arecoline could induce the hTERT mRNA and protein expression of KC in a dose dependent manner, the hTERT mRNA and protein expression of KC was higher in 0.030, 0.060, 0.090 g/L arecoline group than control group (P < 0.001). Arecoline 186-195 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 108-113 17331439-5 2007 Nicotine (0.025 g/L) increased hTERT mRNA and protein expression of KC induced by arecoline. Arecoline 82-91 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 31-36 17331439-6 2007 CONCLUSIONS: Arecoline could increase the expression of hTERT mRNA and protein in oral keratinocytes. Arecoline 13-22 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 56-61 17331439-8 2007 hTERT over-expression induced by arecoline and nicotine may play an important role in the malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. Arecoline 33-42 telomerase reverse transcriptase Homo sapiens 0-5 16945459-11 2006 Arecoline also caused depression of antioxidants, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) that are known to neutralize reactive oxygen species. Arecoline 0-9 catalase Mus musculus 84-92 16945459-11 2006 Arecoline also caused depression of antioxidants, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) that are known to neutralize reactive oxygen species. Arecoline 0-9 hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase Mus musculus 124-149 16945459-11 2006 Arecoline also caused depression of antioxidants, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) that are known to neutralize reactive oxygen species. Arecoline 0-9 hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase Mus musculus 151-154 16405503-0 2006 Resting and arecoline-stimulated brain metabolism and signaling involving arachidonic acid are altered in the cyclooxygenase-2 knockout mouse. Arecoline 12-21 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Mus musculus 110-126 16413651-4 2006 After 24 h of exposure, arecoline (0.2-0.8 mM) inhibited KB cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner with a reduction in cell number by 27-37 and 37-58%, respectively, as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays. Arecoline 24-33 chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4 Homo sapiens 266-282 16413651-4 2006 After 24 h of exposure, arecoline (0.2-0.8 mM) inhibited KB cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner with a reduction in cell number by 27-37 and 37-58%, respectively, as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays. Arecoline 24-33 chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 4 Homo sapiens 284-287 16413651-6 2006 Western blot analysis revealed that arecoline induced cyclin Bl, Wee 1, and phosphorylated cdc2 protein levels whereas it declined p21 protein expression in KB cancer cells. Arecoline 36-45 WEE1 G2 checkpoint kinase Homo sapiens 65-70 16413651-6 2006 Western blot analysis revealed that arecoline induced cyclin Bl, Wee 1, and phosphorylated cdc2 protein levels whereas it declined p21 protein expression in KB cancer cells. Arecoline 36-45 cyclin dependent kinase 1 Homo sapiens 91-95 16413651-6 2006 Western blot analysis revealed that arecoline induced cyclin Bl, Wee 1, and phosphorylated cdc2 protein levels whereas it declined p21 protein expression in KB cancer cells. Arecoline 36-45 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 131-134 16413651-7 2006 Nevertheless, arecoline induced p21, but decreased cdc2 and cyclin B1 protein levels in GK. Arecoline 14-23 H3 histone pseudogene 16 Homo sapiens 32-35 16413651-7 2006 Nevertheless, arecoline induced p21, but decreased cdc2 and cyclin B1 protein levels in GK. Arecoline 14-23 cyclin dependent kinase 1 Homo sapiens 51-55 16413651-7 2006 Nevertheless, arecoline induced p21, but decreased cdc2 and cyclin B1 protein levels in GK. Arecoline 14-23 cyclin B1 Homo sapiens 60-69 16413651-8 2006 We demonstrated that higher concentrations of arecoline (0.2-1.2 mM) induced both cell necrosis and apoptosis as detected by DNA fragmentation and Annexin V-PI staining after long-term (48 h) treatment. Arecoline 46-55 annexin A5 Homo sapiens 147-156 16405503-7 2006 Arecoline increased k* significantly in COX-2(+/+) mice compared with saline controls in 72 of 81 brain regions, but had no significant effect on k* in any region in COX-2(-/-) mice. Arecoline 0-9 cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial Mus musculus 40-45 16037826-1 2005 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Arecoline, an areca quid (AQ) component, has been shown to inhibit the secretion and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in fibroblast cultures. Arecoline 24-33 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 121-147 16538046-0 2006 In vitro effects of arecoline on sperm motility and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. Arecoline 20-29 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-68 16538046-8 2006 In vitro, arecoline induces the COX-2 expression of sperm cells in a dose-dependent manner. Arecoline 10-19 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 32-37 16538046-9 2006 This is the first report to demonstrate that arecoline may mediate COX-2 expression in human sperms, resulting in inflammation response. Arecoline 45-54 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 67-72 16054426-7 2005 Furthermore, the effect of arecoline, the major areca nut alkaloid, was added to explore the potential mechanism that may lead to induce IGF-1 expression. Arecoline 27-36 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 137-142 16054426-10 2005 In addition, arecoline was also found to elevate IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). Arecoline 13-22 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 49-54 16054426-11 2005 Taken together, the data presented here demonstrated that IGF-1 expression is significantly upregulated in OSF from areca quid chewers and arecoline may be responsible for the enhanced IGF-1 expression in vivo. Arecoline 139-148 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 58-63 16054426-11 2005 Taken together, the data presented here demonstrated that IGF-1 expression is significantly upregulated in OSF from areca quid chewers and arecoline may be responsible for the enhanced IGF-1 expression in vivo. Arecoline 139-148 insulin like growth factor 1 Homo sapiens 185-190 16037826-1 2005 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Arecoline, an areca quid (AQ) component, has been shown to inhibit the secretion and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in fibroblast cultures. Arecoline 24-33 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 149-154 15579462-3 2005 Two subunits, ACC-1 and ACC-2, form homomeric channels for which acetylcholine and arecoline, but not nicotine, are efficient agonists. Arecoline 83-92 Acetylcholine-gated chloride channel subunit acc-1 Caenorhabditis elegans 14-19 15579462-3 2005 Two subunits, ACC-1 and ACC-2, form homomeric channels for which acetylcholine and arecoline, but not nicotine, are efficient agonists. Arecoline 83-92 Acetylcholine-gated chloride channel subunit acc-2 Caenorhabditis elegans 24-29 12676256-8 2003 To verify whether arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, could affect PAI-1 expression by human BMFs, RT-PCR and Western blots were used. Arecoline 18-27 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 70-75 15375172-5 2004 We observed the induction of c-Fos mRNA expression in human gingival keratinocyte (GK) and KB carcinoma cells by areca nut (AN) extract and arecoline. Arecoline 140-149 Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 29-34 15350815-8 2004 Some of the known constituents of betel nut, including arecoline, were tested for the possible inhibitory effect on AChE, none were found active. Arecoline 55-64 ACE-1 Oryctolagus cuniculus 116-120 12907213-8 2003 Arecoline and safrole significantly elevated TIMP-1 protein and mRNA expression. Arecoline 0-9 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 Homo sapiens 45-51 12907213-9 2003 We concluded that increased mRNA expression of TIMP-1 in buccal mucosal fibroblasts by arecoline and safrole is a possible pathogenesis for oral submucous fibrosis. Arecoline 87-96 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 Homo sapiens 47-53 15533212-0 2004 Regulation of interleukin-6 expression by arecoline in human buccal mucosal fibroblasts is related to intracellular glutathione levels. Arecoline 42-51 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 14-27 15533212-5 2004 The effects of arecoline, the major areca nut alkaloid, on IL-6 expression in normal human buccal mucosa fibroblasts (BMFs) were measured in vitro. Arecoline 15-24 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 59-63 15533212-7 2004 To determine whether glutathione (GSH) levels were important in the induction of IL-6 by arecoline, we pretreated cells with 2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (OTZ) to boost GSH levels or with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) to deplete GSH. Arecoline 89-98 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 81-85 15533212-9 2004 The exposure of quiescent BMF to arecoline resulted in the elevation of IL-6 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Arecoline 33-42 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 72-76 15533212-10 2004 IL-6 gene regulated by arecoline correlated with intracellular GSH levels in BMF. Arecoline 23-32 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 0-4 15533212-11 2004 Arecoline at a concentration of 129 muM induced about 2.7-fold IL-6 mRNA levels over the 6-h incubation period. Arecoline 0-9 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 63-67 15533212-13 2004 In addition, OTZ was found to marginally reduce the arecoline-induced IL-6 expression by about 1.7-fold (P < 0.05). Arecoline 52-61 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 70-74 15533212-14 2004 CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these results suggest that IL-6 expression is significantly upregulated in OSF fibroblasts in areca quid chewers and arecoline may be responsible for the enhanced IL-6 expression. Arecoline 146-155 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 56-60 15533212-14 2004 CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these results suggest that IL-6 expression is significantly upregulated in OSF fibroblasts in areca quid chewers and arecoline may be responsible for the enhanced IL-6 expression. Arecoline 146-155 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 192-196 15533212-15 2004 In addition, the regulation of IL-6 expression induced by arecoline is critically dependent on the intracellular GSH concentrations. Arecoline 58-67 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 31-35 15238517-4 2004 High levels of signaling through GAR-3 inhibit pharyngeal muscle relaxation and impair feeding--but do not block muscle repolarization--when worms are exposed to arecoline, a muscarinic agonist. Arecoline 162-171 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor gar-3 Caenorhabditis elegans 33-38 12676256-9 2003 The results demonstrated highly elevated PAI-1 mRNA and protein expression in normal human BMFs stimulated by arecoline. Arecoline 110-119 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 41-46 12676256-10 2003 Taken together, these results suggest that PAI-1 expression is significantly upregulated in OSF tissues from areca quid chewers, and arecoline may be responsible for the enhanced PAI-1 expression in vivo. Arecoline 133-142 serpin family E member 1 Homo sapiens 179-184 12581384-0 2003 The up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human buccal mucosal fibroblasts by arecoline: a possible role in the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis. Arecoline 88-97 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 21-37 12581384-9 2003 However, when the cells were treated with 80 micro g/ml arecoline, COX-2 expression was up-regulated as early as half an hour. Arecoline 56-65 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 67-72 12110335-0 2002 Elevated vimentin expression in buccal mucosal fibroblasts by arecoline in vitro as a possible pathogenesis for oral submucous fibrosis. Arecoline 62-71 vimentin Homo sapiens 9-17 12581384-10 2003 This indicates that COX-2 expression is an early cellular response and regulated by arecoline at transcriptional level. Arecoline 84-93 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 20-25 12581384-11 2003 In addition, pre-treatment with glutathione (GSH) precursor, 2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (OTZ), led to a decrease in induction of COX-2 mRNA by arecoline. Arecoline 152-161 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 138-143 12581384-12 2003 GSH synthesis inhibitor, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), was found to increase arecoline-induced COX-2 mRNA levels. Arecoline 77-86 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 95-100 12581384-15 2003 CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these results suggest that COX-2 expression is significantly up-regulated in OSF tissues from areca quid chewers and arecoline may among other constituents be responsible for the enhanced COX-2 expression in vivo. Arecoline 146-155 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 217-222 12581384-16 2003 The regulation of COX-2 expression induced by arecoline is critically dependent on the cellular GSH concentration. Arecoline 46-55 mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II Homo sapiens 18-23 12110335-4 2002 In this study, in addition to conducting a cytotoxicity assay, we examine the effect of arecoline on vimentin, an intermediate filament, and its expression in human buccal mucosal fibroblasts on exposure to various levels of arecoline (0-200 microg/ml) for 48 h. At a concentration above 50 microg/ml, arecoline demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity (P<0.05) for cultured fibroblasts. Arecoline 88-97 vimentin Homo sapiens 101-109 12110335-7 2002 The increase in vimentin with arecoline exposure corresponded to that noted for fibroblasts cultured from OSF patients. Arecoline 30-39 vimentin Homo sapiens 16-24 11854068-6 2002 To verify whether arecoline, a major areca nut alkaloid, could affect TIMP or MMP production by human BMFs, Western blots and gelatine zymography were used. Arecoline 18-27 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 78-81 11854068-7 2002 Arecoline was found to elevate TIMP-1 expression at the concentration level under 20 microg/ml in a dose-dependent manner. Arecoline 0-9 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 Homo sapiens 31-37 11854068-10 2002 In addition, arecoline was found to inhibit MMP-2 secretion and production at the concentration level of 40 microg/ml. Arecoline 13-22 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 44-49 11854068-12 2002 Taken together, it was found that arecoline acted not only as an inhibitor on gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2, but also a stimulator for TIMP-1 activity. Arecoline 34-43 matrix metallopeptidase 2 Homo sapiens 104-109 11854068-12 2002 Taken together, it was found that arecoline acted not only as an inhibitor on gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2, but also a stimulator for TIMP-1 activity. Arecoline 34-43 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 Homo sapiens 137-143 10964049-0 2000 Induction of the c-jun protooncogene expression by areca nut extract and arecoline on oral mucosal fibroblasts. Arecoline 73-82 Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 17-22 11482128-7 2001 The results showed that IL-2, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta were significantly lower in mononuclear cells of normal persons as stimulated by arecoline. Arecoline 135-144 interleukin 2 Homo sapiens 24-28 11482128-7 2001 The results showed that IL-2, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta were significantly lower in mononuclear cells of normal persons as stimulated by arecoline. Arecoline 135-144 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 30-39 11482128-7 2001 The results showed that IL-2, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta were significantly lower in mononuclear cells of normal persons as stimulated by arecoline. Arecoline 135-144 transforming growth factor beta 1 Homo sapiens 45-53 11140895-4 2001 The results show that the increased collagen synthesis in vitro in response to arecoline was inhibited in the presence of IFN-gamma (0.01-10.0 U/ ml) in a dose-related way. Arecoline 79-88 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 122-131 11545236-7 2001 In addition, arecoline significantly decreased GST activity in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Arecoline 13-22 glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 Homo sapiens 47-50 11545236-8 2001 At concentrations of 100 microg/ml and 400 microg/ml, arecoline reduced GST activity about 21% and 46%, respectively, during a 24 h incubation period. Arecoline 54-63 glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 Homo sapiens 72-75 11545236-13 2001 Taken together, arecoline may render human buccal mucosal fibroblasts more vulnerable to other reactive agents in cigarettes via GST reduction. Arecoline 16-25 glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 Homo sapiens 129-132 10964049-8 2000 Therefore, arecoline-induced c-jun expression is independent of GSH depletion. Arecoline 11-20 Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 29-34 10964049-2 2000 We found that treatment of cells with 200 microg/ml ANE or 10 microg/ml arecoline for 1 h induced about three-fold increase in c-jun mRNA levels. Arecoline 72-81 Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 127-132 10964049-6 2000 Persistent induction of the c-jun protooncogene by ANE and arecoline may be one of the mechanisms in the carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Taiwan. Arecoline 59-68 Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 28-33 9467205-2 1998 Alkaloids in betel nut, such as arecoline, may play a contributing role in coronary artery spasm due to parasympathomimetic effects on vessels with abnormal endothelium. Arecoline 32-41 NUT midline carcinoma family member 1 Homo sapiens 19-22 10846348-0 2000 Interleukin-8 secretion by cultured oral epidermoid carcinoma cells induced with nicotine and/or arecoline treatments. Arecoline 97-106 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 0-13 10846348-7 2000 Nicotine and arecoline, single or combined treatment, increased IL-8 secretion in KB CCL17 cells. Arecoline 13-22 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 Homo sapiens 64-68 10846348-7 2000 Nicotine and arecoline, single or combined treatment, increased IL-8 secretion in KB CCL17 cells. Arecoline 13-22 C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 Homo sapiens 85-90 10530917-1 1999 The purpose was to examine interleukin (IL)-1 concentrations and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 expression in nicotine/arecoline-exposed oral KB CCL17 cultures. Arecoline 129-138 C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 Homo sapiens 155-160 10530917-4 1999 IL-1 beta concentrations increased by 2.6, 2.7 and 7.5 times those of the control in groups treated with 1 microM nicotine, arecoline or with both, respectively. Arecoline 124-133 interleukin 1 beta Homo sapiens 0-9 10530917-7 1999 The fluorescence intensity of ICAM-1 (CD54) analysed by flow cytometry was also significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner when the cells were treated with nicotine and/or arecoline. Arecoline 180-189 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 30-36 10530917-7 1999 The fluorescence intensity of ICAM-1 (CD54) analysed by flow cytometry was also significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner when the cells were treated with nicotine and/or arecoline. Arecoline 180-189 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 38-42 10530917-8 1999 Nicotine and arecoline therefore significantly increased IL-1 alpha and -1 beta secretions and the surface expression of ICAM-1 in KB CCL17 cells. Arecoline 13-22 interleukin 1 alpha Homo sapiens 57-79 10530917-8 1999 Nicotine and arecoline therefore significantly increased IL-1 alpha and -1 beta secretions and the surface expression of ICAM-1 in KB CCL17 cells. Arecoline 13-22 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Homo sapiens 121-127 10530917-8 1999 Nicotine and arecoline therefore significantly increased IL-1 alpha and -1 beta secretions and the surface expression of ICAM-1 in KB CCL17 cells. Arecoline 13-22 C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 Homo sapiens 134-139 7797620-3 1995 We investigated the effect of a muscarinic cholinergic agonist, arecoline, which stimulates the secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRF) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) on the immune system. Arecoline 64-73 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 109-140 8837865-5 1996 Curcumin-induced levels of GST and SH were depressed whereas cytochrome b5 and cytochrome P-450 were further elevated by curcumin+arecoline treatment. Arecoline 130-139 hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase Mus musculus 27-30 8837865-5 1996 Curcumin-induced levels of GST and SH were depressed whereas cytochrome b5 and cytochrome P-450 were further elevated by curcumin+arecoline treatment. Arecoline 130-139 cytochrome b5 type A (microsomal) Mus musculus 61-74 8837865-5 1996 Curcumin-induced levels of GST and SH were depressed whereas cytochrome b5 and cytochrome P-450 were further elevated by curcumin+arecoline treatment. Arecoline 130-139 cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 Mus musculus 79-95 7490793-1 1995 This study aimed to assess the possibility of a direct effect of betel-nut alkaloids arecoline and arecaidine on cell proliferation and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production by cultured fibroblasts from human normal gingiva, buccal mucosa and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) buccal mucosa in vitro. Arecoline 85-94 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 136-149 7490793-9 1995 However, two of six individuals" normal buccal mucosa fibroblasts significantly released less IL-6, and some cases of OSF and healthy gingiva exhibited slightly higher levels of IL-6 when cells were exposed to arecoline or arecaidine in cultures. Arecoline 210-219 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 178-182 7490793-10 1995 Such findings suggests that arecoline and arecaidine can enhance cell proliferation and affect fibroblasts to synthesize IL-6. Arecoline 28-37 interleukin 6 Homo sapiens 121-125 7797620-3 1995 We investigated the effect of a muscarinic cholinergic agonist, arecoline, which stimulates the secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRF) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) on the immune system. Arecoline 64-73 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 151-178 7797620-3 1995 We investigated the effect of a muscarinic cholinergic agonist, arecoline, which stimulates the secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRF) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) on the immune system. Arecoline 64-73 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 180-184 8442585-7 1993 In guinea pigs treated with anti-IL-5, the development of hyperreactivity to histamine and arecoline after ovalbumin challenge is completely inhibited. Arecoline 91-100 interleukin-5 Cavia porcellus 33-37 8584603-8 1995 Acute arecoline administered to 14 subjects produced unpleasant side-effects (e.g. nausea, vomiting), mean adrenocorticotrophic hormone (p = .0006), cortisol (p = .0001) and beta-endorphin (p = .0001) levels were elevated. Arecoline 6-15 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 174-188 8401332-3 1993 Significant increase in the levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochrome b5 (Cyt.b5), cytochrome P-450 (Cyt.P-450) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was observed in the arecoline treated groups. Arecoline 170-179 hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase Mus musculus 38-63 8401332-3 1993 Significant increase in the levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochrome b5 (Cyt.b5), cytochrome P-450 (Cyt.P-450) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was observed in the arecoline treated groups. Arecoline 170-179 cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 Mus musculus 113-122 8442585-8 1993 The contractions to histamine and arecoline of tracheal rings isolated from guinea pigs treated with recombinant murine IL-5 for 3 or 7 days are enhanced significantly to approximately 140% compared with controls. Arecoline 34-43 interleukin 5 Mus musculus 120-124 1659617-3 1991 The mechanisms underlying diminished plasma corticotropin (ACTH) responses to arecoline may differ in patients with autonomic failure. Arecoline 78-87 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 1397027-10 1992 Pilocarpine had a preferential effect in Lu 26-046-trained rats, while oxotremorine and arecoline had preferential effects in O-Me-THPO-trained rats. Arecoline 88-97 thrombopoietin like 1 Rattus norvegicus 131-135 1723641-8 1991 Arecoline administration increased 14C-AA incorporation into the prefrontal and frontal cortices ipsilateral to the NBM lesion as compared to the contralateral side and the increase was most prominent in deeper cortical layers such as layers IV and V. Right-left differences in incorporation were not apparent in parietal, temporal, or occipital cortices, where reduction of AChE activity was minimal or absent, nor in subcortical structures. Arecoline 0-9 acetylcholinesterase Rattus norvegicus 375-379 1511338-3 1992 D-amphetamine and arecoline blocked the amnestic effect of beta-endorphin administered into the amygdala but it required higher doses for CCK-8, epinephrine and naloxone to block the amnestic effect of beta-endorphin. Arecoline 18-27 pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha Mus musculus 59-73 1511338-3 1992 D-amphetamine and arecoline blocked the amnestic effect of beta-endorphin administered into the amygdala but it required higher doses for CCK-8, epinephrine and naloxone to block the amnestic effect of beta-endorphin. Arecoline 18-27 pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha Mus musculus 202-216 2327054-2 1990 Short-term administration of the cholinomimetic arecoline or the anticholinergic scopolamine induced rat liver mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (L-ALDH) isoenzyme with the apparent high and low Km, respectively. Arecoline 48-57 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member Rattus norvegicus 111-147 1940050-14 1991 Concomitant exposure of arecoline at concentrations of 10(-6) - 10(-4) M with con A, markedly suppressed both 3H-thymidine incorporation and interleukin-2 production of splenic cells. Arecoline 24-33 interleukin 2 Mus musculus 141-154 1956992-2 1991 Treatment of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) with arecoline, a muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonist, reportedly improves performance on a picture recognition memory task, but not on other memory measures. Arecoline 69-78 solute carrier family 6 member 3 Homo sapiens 59-62 1956992-3 1991 To examine further possible performance improvements following arecoline treatment, patients with DAT were treated with a 30 min intravenous infusion of arecoline (5 mg). Arecoline 63-72 solute carrier family 6 member 3 Homo sapiens 98-101 2178250-8 1990 The amnestic effect of VIP was blocked by peripheral administration of the memory-enhancing agents, arecoline, naloxone and ST 587 (a noradrenergic receptor agonist) but not by cholecystokinin octapeptide. Arecoline 100-109 vasoactive intestinal polypeptide Mus musculus 23-26 2178250-9 1990 Central administration of arecoline, but not neuropeptide Y, blocked the amnestic effect of VIP. Arecoline 26-35 vasoactive intestinal polypeptide Mus musculus 92-95 2359403-8 1990 Incubation of the SK-N-SH cells with the partial muscarinic agonists bethanechol and arecoline resulted in 27 and 26% decreases in membrane-associated CaM, respectively, and 28 and 35% increases in cytosolic CaM, respectively. Arecoline 85-94 calmodulin 1 Homo sapiens 151-154 2359403-8 1990 Incubation of the SK-N-SH cells with the partial muscarinic agonists bethanechol and arecoline resulted in 27 and 26% decreases in membrane-associated CaM, respectively, and 28 and 35% increases in cytosolic CaM, respectively. Arecoline 85-94 calmodulin 1 Homo sapiens 208-211 33233443-9 2020 We found that CYP26A1 was downregulated as the arecoline dose increased. Arecoline 47-56 cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 14-21 33233443-11 2020 Arecoline appears to modulate CYP26A1 expression through specific pathways. Arecoline 0-9 cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily A member 1 Homo sapiens 30-37 34761109-4 2021 The main purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that arecoline causes cardiac fibrosis through transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)/Smad-mediated signaling pathways. Arecoline 62-71 transforming growth factor alpha Rattus norvegicus 137-145 34761109-7 2021 Western blot analysis showed that TGF-beta and p-Smad2/3 protein expression levels were markedly higher in the arecoline-injected rat hearts than in those of the control rats. Arecoline 111-120 transforming growth factor alpha Rattus norvegicus 34-42 34761109-7 2021 Western blot analysis showed that TGF-beta and p-Smad2/3 protein expression levels were markedly higher in the arecoline-injected rat hearts than in those of the control rats. Arecoline 111-120 SMAD family member 2 Rattus norvegicus 49-56 34391409-6 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary studies have identified a large number of genes relevant to obesity, T2D and metabolic syndrome whose expression was changed significantly in human TPH1 cells following incubation with betel-nut derived arecoline or with MNPA. Arecoline 232-241 tryptophan hydroxylase 1 Homo sapiens 177-181 34378866-0 2021 Fat mass and obesity-associated protein regulates tumorigenesis of arecoline-promoted human oral carcinoma. Arecoline 67-76 FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase Homo sapiens 0-39 34378866-4 2021 We identified that FTO was significantly upregulated in OSCC tissues from patients with areca nut chewing habits and chronic arecoline-treated OSCC cell lines. Arecoline 125-134 FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase Homo sapiens 19-22 34378866-5 2021 Depletion of FTO attenuated the arecoline-promoted stemness, chemoresistance, and oncogenicity of OSCC cells. Arecoline 32-41 FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase Homo sapiens 13-16 34378866-7 2021 This study, for the first time, demonstrated that FTO plays an oncogenic role in arecoline-induced OSCC progression. Arecoline 81-90 FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase Homo sapiens 50-53 34209963-7 2021 Furthermore, in different cell models, MAO and COMT expression was significantly downregulated with an increased dose of arecoline (p < 0.01). Arecoline 121-130 catechol-O-methyltransferase Homo sapiens 47-51 34316331-0 2021 JunD accentuates arecoline-induced disruption of tight junctions and promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by association with NEAT1 lncRNA. Arecoline 17-26 JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 0-4 34316331-0 2021 JunD accentuates arecoline-induced disruption of tight junctions and promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by association with NEAT1 lncRNA. Arecoline 17-26 nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 Homo sapiens 135-140 34316331-5 2021 Results established that although arecoline-induced phosphorylation of JunD downregulated expression of ZO-1, JunD itself was modulated by the lncRNA-NEAT1 in presence of arecoline. Arecoline 34-43 JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 71-75 34316331-5 2021 Results established that although arecoline-induced phosphorylation of JunD downregulated expression of ZO-1, JunD itself was modulated by the lncRNA-NEAT1 in presence of arecoline. Arecoline 34-43 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 104-108 34316331-5 2021 Results established that although arecoline-induced phosphorylation of JunD downregulated expression of ZO-1, JunD itself was modulated by the lncRNA-NEAT1 in presence of arecoline. Arecoline 171-180 JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 110-114 34316331-5 2021 Results established that although arecoline-induced phosphorylation of JunD downregulated expression of ZO-1, JunD itself was modulated by the lncRNA-NEAT1 in presence of arecoline. Arecoline 171-180 nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 Homo sapiens 150-155 34316331-8 2021 Consequently, silencing NEAT1 in arecoline-exposed cells not only downregulated the expression of JunD and stabilized expression of ZO-1, but also reduced expression of the EMT markers, Slug and Snail, indicating its direct regulatory role in arecoline-mediated TJ disruption and disease progression. Arecoline 33-42 nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 Homo sapiens 24-29 34316331-8 2021 Consequently, silencing NEAT1 in arecoline-exposed cells not only downregulated the expression of JunD and stabilized expression of ZO-1, but also reduced expression of the EMT markers, Slug and Snail, indicating its direct regulatory role in arecoline-mediated TJ disruption and disease progression. Arecoline 33-42 JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit Homo sapiens 98-102 34316331-8 2021 Consequently, silencing NEAT1 in arecoline-exposed cells not only downregulated the expression of JunD and stabilized expression of ZO-1, but also reduced expression of the EMT markers, Slug and Snail, indicating its direct regulatory role in arecoline-mediated TJ disruption and disease progression. Arecoline 33-42 tight junction protein 1 Homo sapiens 132-136 34316331-8 2021 Consequently, silencing NEAT1 in arecoline-exposed cells not only downregulated the expression of JunD and stabilized expression of ZO-1, but also reduced expression of the EMT markers, Slug and Snail, indicating its direct regulatory role in arecoline-mediated TJ disruption and disease progression. Arecoline 33-42 snail family transcriptional repressor 2 Homo sapiens 186-190 34316331-8 2021 Consequently, silencing NEAT1 in arecoline-exposed cells not only downregulated the expression of JunD and stabilized expression of ZO-1, but also reduced expression of the EMT markers, Slug and Snail, indicating its direct regulatory role in arecoline-mediated TJ disruption and disease progression. Arecoline 33-42 snail family transcriptional repressor 1 Homo sapiens 195-200 34316331-8 2021 Consequently, silencing NEAT1 in arecoline-exposed cells not only downregulated the expression of JunD and stabilized expression of ZO-1, but also reduced expression of the EMT markers, Slug and Snail, indicating its direct regulatory role in arecoline-mediated TJ disruption and disease progression. Arecoline 243-252 nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 Homo sapiens 24-29 35377493-4 2022 However, in OSF field, the role and mechanism of arecoline-induced activation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling on N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification remain unclear. Arecoline 49-58 tumor necrosis factor Homo sapiens 81-112 34068585-5 2021 The results showed that the expression of ATM and BRCA1 was downregulated in BQ-associated HNC, as the BQ ingredient arecoline could suppress the expression of both genes. Arecoline 117-126 ATM serine/threonine kinase Homo sapiens 42-45 34068585-5 2021 The results showed that the expression of ATM and BRCA1 was downregulated in BQ-associated HNC, as the BQ ingredient arecoline could suppress the expression of both genes. Arecoline 117-126 BRCA1 DNA repair associated Homo sapiens 50-55 35377493-4 2022 However, in OSF field, the role and mechanism of arecoline-induced activation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling on N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification remain unclear. Arecoline 49-58 transforming growth factor alpha Homo sapiens 114-122 35377493-9 2022 RESULTS: m6A level was increased in OSF tissues compared to normal tissues; arecoline promoted the m6A methyltransferase Mettl3 and Mettl14 through TGF-beta. Arecoline 76-85 methyltransferase 3, N6-adenosine-methyltransferase complex catalytic subunit Homo sapiens 121-127 35377493-9 2022 RESULTS: m6A level was increased in OSF tissues compared to normal tissues; arecoline promoted the m6A methyltransferase Mettl3 and Mettl14 through TGF-beta. Arecoline 76-85 methyltransferase 14, N6-adenosine-methyltransferase subunit Homo sapiens 132-139 35377493-9 2022 RESULTS: m6A level was increased in OSF tissues compared to normal tissues; arecoline promoted the m6A methyltransferase Mettl3 and Mettl14 through TGF-beta. Arecoline 76-85 transforming growth factor alpha Homo sapiens 148-156 35377493-11 2022 In addition, Mettl14 silence reversed the effects of arecoline on cell proliferation and apoptosis in Hacat cells. Arecoline 53-62 methyltransferase 14, N6-adenosine-methyltransferase subunit Homo sapiens 13-20 35377493-12 2022 CONCLUSION: TGF-beta-METTL14-m6A-MYC axis was crucially implicated in arecoline-mediated OSF and may be an effective therapeutic strategy for OSF treatment. Arecoline 70-79 transforming growth factor alpha Homo sapiens 12-20 35377493-12 2022 CONCLUSION: TGF-beta-METTL14-m6A-MYC axis was crucially implicated in arecoline-mediated OSF and may be an effective therapeutic strategy for OSF treatment. Arecoline 70-79 methyltransferase 14, N6-adenosine-methyltransferase subunit Homo sapiens 21-28 35377493-12 2022 CONCLUSION: TGF-beta-METTL14-m6A-MYC axis was crucially implicated in arecoline-mediated OSF and may be an effective therapeutic strategy for OSF treatment. Arecoline 70-79 MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor Homo sapiens 33-36 35150031-5 2022 Herein, we demonstrated that arecoline stimulates tyrosine sulphation of the chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) through the tyrosylprotein sulphotransferase-1 (TPST-1) to enhance the migration ability of FBs. Arecoline 29-38 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 99-104 35562900-9 2022 In mice, the methylation level of PTK6 decreased after treatment with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide and arecoline, and the mRNA and protein expression of PTK6 was increased. Arecoline 99-108 PTK6 protein tyrosine kinase 6 Mus musculus 34-38 35289035-0 2022 FTO Regulates Arecoline-exposed Oral Cancer Immune Response through PD-L1. Arecoline 14-23 CD274 molecule Homo sapiens 68-73 35289035-5 2022 We reveal that chronic arecoline-exposure substantially induces upregulation of Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), MYC, and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in OSCC cells. Arecoline 23-32 CD274 molecule Homo sapiens 168-173 35289035-7 2022 We also demonstrate that arecoline-induced FTO promotes the stability and expression levels of PD-L1 transcripts through mediating m6A modification and MYC activity, respectively. Arecoline 25-34 CD274 molecule Homo sapiens 95-100 35150031-5 2022 Herein, we demonstrated that arecoline stimulates tyrosine sulphation of the chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) through the tyrosylprotein sulphotransferase-1 (TPST-1) to enhance the migration ability of FBs. Arecoline 29-38 tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 1 Homo sapiens 118-152 35150031-5 2022 Herein, we demonstrated that arecoline stimulates tyrosine sulphation of the chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) through the tyrosylprotein sulphotransferase-1 (TPST-1) to enhance the migration ability of FBs. Arecoline 29-38 tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 1 Homo sapiens 154-160 35150031-6 2022 Moreover, by RNA-Seq analysis, we found that the most significantly altered pathway was the EGFR pathway after the arecoline stimulation for FBs. Arecoline 115-124 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 92-96 35150031-7 2022 After the knockdown of arecoline-induced EGFR expression, the tyrosine sulphation of CXCR4 was significantly decreased by the inhibition of TPST-1 induction. Arecoline 23-32 epidermal growth factor receptor Homo sapiens 41-45 35150031-7 2022 After the knockdown of arecoline-induced EGFR expression, the tyrosine sulphation of CXCR4 was significantly decreased by the inhibition of TPST-1 induction. Arecoline 23-32 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 85-90 35150031-9 2022 These data indicate that the arecoline-induced tyrosine sulphation of CXCR4, which is regulated by TPST-1, might be a potential mechanism that contributes to FB migration in OSF. Arecoline 29-38 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 Homo sapiens 70-75 35150031-9 2022 These data indicate that the arecoline-induced tyrosine sulphation of CXCR4, which is regulated by TPST-1, might be a potential mechanism that contributes to FB migration in OSF. Arecoline 29-38 tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 1 Homo sapiens 99-105 2564779-9 1989 For example, arecoline displayed curved Scatchard plots within the external layers of the cerebral cortex, layer CA1 of the hippocampus (predominantly M1 subtype), and the paraventricular thalamus (predominantly M2 subtype). Arecoline 13-22 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 113-116 2551652-0 1989 The muscarinic cholinergic agonist arecoline stimulates the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis through a centrally-mediated corticotropin-releasing hormone-dependent mechanism. Arecoline 35-44 corticotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 129-160 2551652-7 1989 These findings suggest that arecoline stimulates the HPA axis centrally, mainly via secretion of CRH. Arecoline 28-37 corticotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 97-100 2551652-9 1989 These data suggest that the muscarinic cholinergic agonist arecoline stimulates the HPA axis in the rat and that this effect is mediated mainly by the release of endogenous CRH. Arecoline 59-68 corticotropin releasing hormone Rattus norvegicus 173-176 2620152-1 1989 A capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the quantitative analysis of arecoline in plasma has been developed for concentrations in the range 1-50 ng ml-1. Arecoline 97-106 interleukin 17F Homo sapiens 176-180 3039386-1 1987 Superfusion of the isolated frog spinal cord by the Ringer solution containing arecoline (10 mumol/l) evoked depolarization and increase of the input resistance and PSP amplitude of motoneurons. Arecoline 79-88 microseminoprotein beta Homo sapiens 165-168 3691642-8 1987 injections of oxotremorine, arecoline and physostigmine in doses that induce theta activity diminished the excitability of CA1 pyramidal cells in a dose-dependent manner, as judged by the reduction in the amplitude of the population spike and the dendritic epsp. Arecoline 28-37 carbonic anhydrase 1 Rattus norvegicus 123-126 3935921-1 1985 The ability of arecoline, an alkaloid of betel nut, to induce abnormality in the shape of sperm heads and unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in the early spermatid stages of Swiss albino mice was studied. Arecoline 15-24 NUT midline carcinoma, family member 1 Mus musculus 47-50 20501173-2 1987 Agonists could be divided into two classes: oxotremorine, acetylcholine, carbachol and arecoline exerted the most efficacious and potent inhibition, while McN-A343, bethanechol and AHR-602 were partial agonists. Arecoline 87-96 aryl-hydrocarbon receptor Mus musculus 181-184 2998523-1 1985 Cholinoceptor agonists (arecoline congruent to carbachol greater than acetylcholine greater than pilocarpine) potentiated contractions to field stimulation of rat vas deferens via the activation of an atropine-sensitive muscarinic receptor. Arecoline 24-33 arginine vasopressin Rattus norvegicus 163-166 6049714-0 1967 Synthesis of aldoxime analogs of arecoline as reactivators of organophosphorus inhibited cholinesterase. Arecoline 33-42 butyrylcholinesterase Homo sapiens 89-103 6289276-2 1982 Notably, in humans, intravenous infusion of centrally active cholinomimetic drugs, such as physostigmine or arecoline, may produce significant increases in plasma concentrations of prolactin and beta-endorphin immunoreactivity. Arecoline 108-117 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 195-209 6289276-3 1982 In three separate studies, conducted collaboratively between the National Institute of Mental Health and the University of California at San Diego, physostigmine and arecoline associated increases in plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin immunoreactivity were highly correlated with increases in plasma prolactin concentrations. Arecoline 166-175 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 225-239 1278094-5 1976 The cholinergic agonists arecoline, nicotine, and carbachol significantly inhibited the afternoon surge of prolactin. Arecoline 25-34 prolactin Rattus norvegicus 107-116 687277-3 1978 Arecoline is considered to have a low efficiency in detecting tapeworm infection in individual dogs, but is valuable as a diagnostic aid in groups of dogs. Arecoline 0-9 activation induced cytidine deaminase Canis lupus familiaris 133-136