PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text	compound_name	comp_offset	prot_official_name	organism	prot_offset
16611243-5	2006	Interestingly, Mekk1 flies are resistant to microbial infection but susceptible to paraquat, an inducer of oxidative stress.	Paraquat	83-91	Mekk1	Drosophila melanogaster	15-20
16324872-8	2006	Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were significantly increased at 3 weeks after PQ challenge compared with the controls.	Paraquat	188-190	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	75-102
16466666-4	2006	In contrast, Cat-SOD exhibited a 140-fold higher cellular association than native SOD and greatly suppressed paraquat-induced cell injury, as well as lipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	109-117	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	17-20
16466666-4	2006	In contrast, Cat-SOD exhibited a 140-fold higher cellular association than native SOD and greatly suppressed paraquat-induced cell injury, as well as lipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	109-117	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	82-85
16466666-8	2006	In addition, the protective effect of Cat-SOD against paraquat-induced cell injury was completely abolished by the presence of cytochalasin B.	Paraquat	54-62	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
16503589-4	2006	The approach was further extended to the determination of conformational changes of cytochrome c molecules attached electrostatically onto a negatively charged SAM during its reduction by the tip-generated methyl viologen monocation.	Paraquat	206-221	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	84-96
16288465-7	2006	Survivability of heterozygous SOD2(-/+) mutant and wild-type mouse astrocyte cultures was the same under normal conditions but, after administration of 2 mM of paraquat, a reactive oxygen species generator, survivability of the SOD2(-/+) astrocytes decreased remarkably compared with the wild-type cells.	Paraquat	160-168	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	30-34
16288465-8	2006	Epo administration 24 h before exposure to paraquat significantly improved the survivability of the SOD2(-/+) astrocytes.	Paraquat	43-51	erythropoietin	Mus musculus	0-3
16288465-8	2006	Epo administration 24 h before exposure to paraquat significantly improved the survivability of the SOD2(-/+) astrocytes.	Paraquat	43-51	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	100-104
16324872-8	2006	Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were significantly increased at 3 weeks after PQ challenge compared with the controls.	Paraquat	188-190	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	107-141
16324872-9	2006	The mRNA expression of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-2 was significantly enhanced at 1 and 2 weeks after PQ treatment, respectively.	Paraquat	128-130	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3	Mus musculus	23-67
16324872-9	2006	The mRNA expression of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-2 was significantly enhanced at 1 and 2 weeks after PQ treatment, respectively.	Paraquat	128-130	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2	Mus musculus	72-77
16182431-3	2005	We evaluated the role of TGF-beta1 and its relationship with Ang II in paraquat-induced lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	71-79	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-34
16487056-0	2006	Peroxiredoxin 6 gene-targeted mice show increased lung injury with paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	67-75	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	0-15
16487056-4	2006	At 2 days after PQ, lung wet/dry weight ratio increased significantly (p < 0.05) to 7.57 +/- 0.37 in Prdx6-/- mice vs. 5.42 +/- 0.25 in WT mice.	Paraquat	16-18	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	104-109
16487056-7	2006	With low dose PQ (12.5 mg/kg), mortality and lung injury were less marked but were significantly greater with Prdx6-/- compared to WT mice.	Paraquat	14-16	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	110-115
16487056-8	2006	These results show that Prdx6-/- mice have increased susceptibility to lung injury with PQ administration.	Paraquat	88-90	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	24-29
16487056-9	2006	Thus, Prdx6 protects lungs against PQ toxicity as shown previously for hyperoxia, indicating that it functions as an important lung antioxidant enzyme.	Paraquat	35-37	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	6-11
16328009-9	2006	Five genes related to oxidative stress, TRX, HO-1, GST-Yc, NQO-1, and RL/IF-1, and one gene, CLK3, whose function is unknown, showed a significant increase in their expression due to PQ injection.	Paraquat	183-185	thioredoxin 1	Rattus norvegicus	40-43
16328009-9	2006	Five genes related to oxidative stress, TRX, HO-1, GST-Yc, NQO-1, and RL/IF-1, and one gene, CLK3, whose function is unknown, showed a significant increase in their expression due to PQ injection.	Paraquat	183-185	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	45-57
16328009-9	2006	Five genes related to oxidative stress, TRX, HO-1, GST-Yc, NQO-1, and RL/IF-1, and one gene, CLK3, whose function is unknown, showed a significant increase in their expression due to PQ injection.	Paraquat	183-185	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
16328009-9	2006	Five genes related to oxidative stress, TRX, HO-1, GST-Yc, NQO-1, and RL/IF-1, and one gene, CLK3, whose function is unknown, showed a significant increase in their expression due to PQ injection.	Paraquat	183-185	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	70-77
16328009-9	2006	Five genes related to oxidative stress, TRX, HO-1, GST-Yc, NQO-1, and RL/IF-1, and one gene, CLK3, whose function is unknown, showed a significant increase in their expression due to PQ injection.	Paraquat	183-185	CDC-like kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
16328009-11	2006	HO-1 was expressed in the bronchial epithelial cells, some type II cells and macrophages of control lungs, and the cells, especially the bronchial epithelial cells, were strongly stained 3 h following PQ treatment.	Paraquat	201-203	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
16404156-5	2005	When PEP-1-CCS was added to the culture medium of neuronal cells, it rapidly entered the cells and protected them against paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	122-130	copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase	Homo sapiens	11-14
16195250-3	2006	In this study we unexpectedly found that the expression of an activated human PXR in transgenic female mice resulted in a heightened sensitivity to paraquat, an oxidative xenobiotic toxicant.	Paraquat	148-156	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	78-81
16195250-4	2006	Heightened paraquat sensitivity was also seen in wild-type mice treated with the mouse PXR agonist pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile.	Paraquat	11-19	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2	Mus musculus	87-90
16195250-5	2006	The PXR-induced paraquat sensitivity was associated with decreased activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, enzymes that scavenge superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, respectively.	Paraquat	16-24	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2	Mus musculus	4-7
16195250-8	2006	In cell cultures, expression of activated human PXR sensitizes the cancerous colon and liver cells to the cytotoxic effect of paraquat, which is associated with an increased production of the reactive oxygen species.	Paraquat	126-134	nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	Homo sapiens	48-51
16984741-3	2006	The results show that during both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism there was a significant increase in the survival of both wild-type S. cerevisiae cells and the mutant cells (sod1delta, sod2delta and sod1delta sod2delta) when pretreated with L-ascorbic acid before exposure to paraquat.	Paraquat	278-286	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	201-220
16182431-6	2005	Lung TGF-beta1 mRNA expression progressively increased and reached a peak on day 7 after paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	89-97	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	5-14
16182431-8	2005	c-myc mRNA expressions were inversely correlated with TGF-beta1 protein levels in paraquat-treated lungs.	Paraquat	82-90	MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
16182431-8	2005	c-myc mRNA expressions were inversely correlated with TGF-beta1 protein levels in paraquat-treated lungs.	Paraquat	82-90	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	54-63
16182431-9	2005	Lung ACE activity decreased after paraquat administration and the decrement was maximal on day 7.	Paraquat	34-42	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	5-8
16182431-10	2005	Lung Ang II concentrations immediately decreased after paraquat administration and the values were not related to TGF-beta1 levels.	Paraquat	55-63	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	5-11
16182431-11	2005	We conclude that TGF-beta1 is upregulated and contribute to the paraquat-induced lung fibrosis and this effect is independent of the renin-angiotensin system.	Paraquat	64-72	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-26
16182431-3	2005	We evaluated the role of TGF-beta1 and its relationship with Ang II in paraquat-induced lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	71-79	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	61-67
16246897-6	2005	Among PQ-treated mice, only testis GPx4 activity in GPx4+/- mice was significantly lower (54% P < 0.05) than WT mice.	Paraquat	6-8	glutathione peroxidase 4	Mus musculus	35-39
16263688-8	2005	First, a specific dopamine transporter inhibitor GBR12909 significantly protected SY5Y cells against the toxicity of paraquat, indicating that paraquat exerts its toxicity by a mechanism involving the dopamine transporter (DAT).	Paraquat	117-125	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	18-38
16263688-8	2005	First, a specific dopamine transporter inhibitor GBR12909 significantly protected SY5Y cells against the toxicity of paraquat, indicating that paraquat exerts its toxicity by a mechanism involving the dopamine transporter (DAT).	Paraquat	117-125	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	201-221
16263688-8	2005	First, a specific dopamine transporter inhibitor GBR12909 significantly protected SY5Y cells against the toxicity of paraquat, indicating that paraquat exerts its toxicity by a mechanism involving the dopamine transporter (DAT).	Paraquat	117-125	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	223-226
16263688-8	2005	First, a specific dopamine transporter inhibitor GBR12909 significantly protected SY5Y cells against the toxicity of paraquat, indicating that paraquat exerts its toxicity by a mechanism involving the dopamine transporter (DAT).	Paraquat	143-151	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	18-38
16263688-8	2005	First, a specific dopamine transporter inhibitor GBR12909 significantly protected SY5Y cells against the toxicity of paraquat, indicating that paraquat exerts its toxicity by a mechanism involving the dopamine transporter (DAT).	Paraquat	143-151	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	201-221
16263688-8	2005	First, a specific dopamine transporter inhibitor GBR12909 significantly protected SY5Y cells against the toxicity of paraquat, indicating that paraquat exerts its toxicity by a mechanism involving the dopamine transporter (DAT).	Paraquat	143-151	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Homo sapiens	223-226
16297072-8	2005	We also established a positive correlation between the level of PLP2 expression in transgenic plants and cell death or damage in response to paraquat treatment or infection by avirulent P. syringae.	Paraquat	141-149	phospholipase A 2A	Arabidopsis thaliana	64-68
16203113-20	2005	The locomotor activity of DJ-1beta mutants was further decreased by paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	68-76	DJ-1alpha	Drosophila melanogaster	26-34
16246897-6	2005	Among PQ-treated mice, only testis GPx4 activity in GPx4+/- mice was significantly lower (54% P < 0.05) than WT mice.	Paraquat	6-8	glutathione peroxidase 4	Mus musculus	52-56
15931754-2	2005	METHODS: Paraquat in biological samples was extracted by C18 columns which were pre-treated with cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and soudium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), and analysed by HPLC/DAD.	Paraquat	9-17	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	57-60
16139213-6	2005	DJ-1alpha and DJ-1beta double knockout flies are viable, fertile, and have a normal lifespan; however, they display a striking selective sensitivity to those environmental agents, including paraquat and rotenone, linked to PD in humans.	Paraquat	190-198	DJ-1alpha	Drosophila melanogaster	0-9
16139213-6	2005	DJ-1alpha and DJ-1beta double knockout flies are viable, fertile, and have a normal lifespan; however, they display a striking selective sensitivity to those environmental agents, including paraquat and rotenone, linked to PD in humans.	Paraquat	190-198	DJ-1alpha	Drosophila melanogaster	14-22
16139214-6	2005	Loss-of-function DJ-1beta mutants demonstrated an extended survival of dopaminergic neurons and resistance to paraquat stress, but showed acute sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide treatment.	Paraquat	110-118	dj-1beta	Drosophila melanogaster	17-25
15824117-8	2005	Even a single injection of paraquat + maneb in the non-transgenic treated group modulated several key pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, including Bax, Bad, Bcl-xL, and upstream stress-induced cascade.	Paraquat	27-35	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	146-149
15824117-8	2005	Even a single injection of paraquat + maneb in the non-transgenic treated group modulated several key pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, including Bax, Bad, Bcl-xL, and upstream stress-induced cascade.	Paraquat	27-35	BCL2-like 1	Mus musculus	156-162
15965076-10	2005	In undifferentiated PC12 cells, wild-type Tat-SOD1 could prevent DNA fragmentation due to superoxide anion attacks generated by 35 mM paraquat, whereas mutant Tat-D101G enhanced cell death.	Paraquat	134-142	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
15946937-2	2005	In this study, we investigate the efficacy of two synthetic superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetics (EUK-134 and EUK-189) in protecting against paraquat-induced dopaminergic cell death in both the rat dopaminergic cell line 1RB3AN27 (N27) and primary mesencephalic cultures in vitro and in adult mice in vivo.	Paraquat	143-151	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	81-89
16024017-3	2005	TRX-overexpression made HT-1080 cells resistant to an oxidative stress caused by H2O2 or paraquat.	Paraquat	89-97	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	0-3
15744494-0	2005	Antisense reduction of thylakoidal ascorbate peroxidase in Arabidopsis enhances paraquat-induced photooxidative stress and nitric oxide-induced cell death.	Paraquat	80-88	peroxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	45-55
15637075-6	2005	Paraquat, a polyamine analogue, was excreted by TPO1 at a rate comparable with the excretion of spermidine (deduced from the inhibition of spermidine uptake) at pH 5.0.	Paraquat	0-8	Tpo1p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-52
15985715-2	2005	The aim of the present study was to examine whether paraquat, a commonly used herbicide, which is an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+) analogue, affects DAT in vivo in rats.	Paraquat	52-60	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	159-162
15985715-3	2005	Paraquat administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg ip decreased the binding of [3H]GBR 12,935 to DAT measured by quantitative autoradiography in the dorsal and ventral caudate-putamen, but not in the substantia nigra pars compacta.	Paraquat	0-8	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	90-93
15985715-6	2005	The present study seems to suggest that systemic paraquat administration affects striatal DAT and dopamine metabolism in the nigrostriatal neurons in rats which may be crucial for its neurotoxic effects on dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	49-57	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	90-93
15822986-4	2005	Specifically, a diester cryptand with a pyridyl nitrogen atom located at a site occupied by either water or a PF(6) anion in analogous complexes exhibited the highest association constant K(a) = 5.0 x 10(6) M(-1) in acetone with paraquat, 9000 times greater than the crown ether system.	Paraquat	229-237	sperm associated antigen 17	Homo sapiens	110-115
15820443-6	2005	The serum MDA and TGF-beta1 in BAL fluid and blood of PQ+NO group were significantly lower than those of PQ group.	Paraquat	54-56	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-27
15711971-7	2005	Using reverse genetics, we demonstrate that AtNADK-1 deficient plants display enhanced sensitivity to gamma irradiation and to paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	127-135	NAD kinase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	44-52
15664434-5	2005	Paraquat induced a time-dependent increase in the binding of iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) to iron-responsive element (IRE), and the enhanced IRP1 activity continued over 24 h. On the other hand, no induction of increased IRP1 binding to IRE was observed in rodent cells exposed to formaldehyde.	Paraquat	0-8	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	61-86
15820443-9	2005	NO inhalation may be beneficial for the survival of paraquat-induced injured rats by attenuating lipid peroxidation and production of TGF-beta1.	Paraquat	52-60	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	134-143
15664434-5	2005	Paraquat induced a time-dependent increase in the binding of iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) to iron-responsive element (IRE), and the enhanced IRP1 activity continued over 24 h. On the other hand, no induction of increased IRP1 binding to IRE was observed in rodent cells exposed to formaldehyde.	Paraquat	0-8	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	88-92
15664434-5	2005	Paraquat induced a time-dependent increase in the binding of iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) to iron-responsive element (IRE), and the enhanced IRP1 activity continued over 24 h. On the other hand, no induction of increased IRP1 binding to IRE was observed in rodent cells exposed to formaldehyde.	Paraquat	0-8	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	145-149
15545276-9	2005	The effects of the deletion of ROM2 on sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, paraquat, and cobalt ions, but not to caffeine, were reduced when a constitutive allele of RHO1 was introduced on a single copy plasmid.	Paraquat	73-81	Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factor ROM2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	31-35
15664434-5	2005	Paraquat induced a time-dependent increase in the binding of iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) to iron-responsive element (IRE), and the enhanced IRP1 activity continued over 24 h. On the other hand, no induction of increased IRP1 binding to IRE was observed in rodent cells exposed to formaldehyde.	Paraquat	0-8	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	145-149
15750345-5	2005	When Tat-SOD was added to the culture medium of neuronal cells, it rapidly entered the cells and protected them against paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	120-128	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	9-12
15629464-4	2005	Deletion of PDE2, similar to ira2 deletion, rendered cells sensitive to freeze-thawing, peroxides, paraquat, cycloheximide, heavy metals, NaCl, heat, or cold shock.	Paraquat	99-107	3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase PDE2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	12-16
15545276-9	2005	The effects of the deletion of ROM2 on sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, paraquat, and cobalt ions, but not to caffeine, were reduced when a constitutive allele of RHO1 was introduced on a single copy plasmid.	Paraquat	73-81	Rho family GTPase RHO1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	164-168
15813218-4	2005	Pretreatment with 10 and 100 microM of BA significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity after 8 h of PQ treatment but there was no significant change in SOD activity in the leaves pretreated with BA at 12 and 24 h. However, peroxidase activity significantly increased in 100 microM of BA pretreated leaves.	Paraquat	115-117	superoxide dismutase	Zea mays	66-86
15813218-4	2005	Pretreatment with 10 and 100 microM of BA significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity after 8 h of PQ treatment but there was no significant change in SOD activity in the leaves pretreated with BA at 12 and 24 h. However, peroxidase activity significantly increased in 100 microM of BA pretreated leaves.	Paraquat	115-117	superoxide dismutase	Zea mays	88-91
15491173-0	2004	Direct observation of the one-electron reduction of methyl viologen mediated by the CO2 radical anion during TiO2 photocatalytic reactions.	Paraquat	52-67	complement C2	Homo sapiens	84-87
15618175-4	2005	Compared to the parent strain and the ahpC mutant strain, the bcp mutant showed moderate sensitivity to the superoxide-generating agent paraquat and to organic hydroperoxides.	Paraquat	136-144	opsin 1 (cone pigments), short-wave-sensitive (color blindness, tritan)	Mus musculus	62-65
15451062-3	2004	In this study, we investigated the effects of cellular prion protein (PrPC) overexpression on paraquat-induced toxicity by using an established model system, rabbit kidney epithelial A74 cells, which express a doxycycline-inducible murine PrPC gene.	Paraquat	94-102	prion protein	Mus musculus	70-74
15451062-4	2004	PrPC overexpression was found to significantly reduce paraquat-induced cell toxicity, DNA damage, and malondialdehyde acid levels.	Paraquat	54-62	prion protein	Mus musculus	0-4
15294282-7	2004	S-NaR1 accepted electrons efficiently from reduced bromphenol blue (kcat = 2081 s(-1)) and less so from reduced methyl viologen (kcat = 159 s(-1)).	Paraquat	112-127	iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein NAR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	2-6
15234109-4	2004	Both wild-type and mutant alpha-synuclein expression decreased the oxidative damage induced by paraquat, although the protection was less marked with mutant alpha-synuclein expression.	Paraquat	95-103	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	26-41
15234109-4	2004	Both wild-type and mutant alpha-synuclein expression decreased the oxidative damage induced by paraquat, although the protection was less marked with mutant alpha-synuclein expression.	Paraquat	95-103	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	157-172
15297733-3	2004	In the present study, we examined whether chymase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), that also generates Ang II, were activated in the pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by paraquat (PQ) in hamsters.	Paraquat	198-200	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	54-83
15297733-3	2004	In the present study, we examined whether chymase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), that also generates Ang II, were activated in the pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by paraquat (PQ) in hamsters.	Paraquat	198-200	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	85-88
15297733-0	2004	Chymase is activated in the pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by paraquat in hamsters.	Paraquat	75-83	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
15297733-10	2004	These data suggested that activated chymase may be involved in the establishment of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis in hamsters.	Paraquat	84-86	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	36-43
15297733-3	2004	In the present study, we examined whether chymase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), that also generates Ang II, were activated in the pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by paraquat (PQ) in hamsters.	Paraquat	188-196	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	42-49
15359896-5	2004	MT-I/II null mice were found to be much more sensitive than wild-type mice to the toxicity caused by free radical-inducing factors, which include paraquat, acetaminophen, ethanol, X-ray, ultraviolet B, carbon tetrachloride, cisplatin, doxorubicin, cerulein and streptozotocin.	Paraquat	146-154	metallothionein 1	Mus musculus	0-7
15297733-3	2004	In the present study, we examined whether chymase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), that also generates Ang II, were activated in the pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by paraquat (PQ) in hamsters.	Paraquat	188-196	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	54-83
15297733-3	2004	In the present study, we examined whether chymase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), that also generates Ang II, were activated in the pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by paraquat (PQ) in hamsters.	Paraquat	188-196	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	85-88
15297733-3	2004	In the present study, we examined whether chymase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), that also generates Ang II, were activated in the pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by paraquat (PQ) in hamsters.	Paraquat	198-200	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	42-49
15155744-0	2004	The herbicide paraquat induces dopaminergic nigral apoptosis through sustained activation of the JNK pathway.	Paraquat	14-22	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	97-100
15155744-3	2004	Our data show that paraquat induces the sequential phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun and the activation of caspase-3 and sequential neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	19-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	70-93
15155744-3	2004	Our data show that paraquat induces the sequential phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun and the activation of caspase-3 and sequential neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	19-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	95-98
15155744-3	2004	Our data show that paraquat induces the sequential phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun and the activation of caspase-3 and sequential neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	19-27	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	70-75
15155744-3	2004	Our data show that paraquat induces the sequential phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun and the activation of caspase-3 and sequential neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	19-27	caspase 3	Mus musculus	132-141
15155744-5	2004	Furthermore, JNK pathway inhibitor CEP-11004 effectively blocks paraquat-induced dopaminergic neuronal death in vivo.	Paraquat	64-72	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	13-16
15155744-6	2004	These results suggest that the JNK signaling cascade is a direct activator of the paraquat-mediated nigral dopaminergic neuronal apoptotic machinery and provides a molecular linkage between oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis.	Paraquat	82-90	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	31-34
15182862-4	2004	Whole-animal studies demonstrated that survival of the Sod2(+/-)/Gpx1(-/-) mice in response to whole body gamma irradiation or paraquat administration was also reduced compared with that of wild-type, Sod2(+/-), or Gpx1(-/-) mice.	Paraquat	127-135	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	55-59
15157803-3	2004	Exposure of cerebellar granule cells to relatively low concentrations of paraquat (5 microM) produces apoptotic cell death with a reduction in mitochondrial cytochrome c content, proteolytic activation and caspase-3 activity increase and DNA fragmentation.	Paraquat	73-81	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	157-169
15157803-3	2004	Exposure of cerebellar granule cells to relatively low concentrations of paraquat (5 microM) produces apoptotic cell death with a reduction in mitochondrial cytochrome c content, proteolytic activation and caspase-3 activity increase and DNA fragmentation.	Paraquat	73-81	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	206-215
15182862-4	2004	Whole-animal studies demonstrated that survival of the Sod2(+/-)/Gpx1(-/-) mice in response to whole body gamma irradiation or paraquat administration was also reduced compared with that of wild-type, Sod2(+/-), or Gpx1(-/-) mice.	Paraquat	127-135	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	65-69
15165186-0	2004	Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing thylakoidal ascorbate peroxidase show increased resistance to Paraquat-induced photooxidative stress and to nitric oxide-induced cell death.	Paraquat	105-113	peroxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	65-75
15177642-2	2004	Hydrogen peroxide and paraquat-induced further upregulation supporting that oxidative stress mediated mechanisms are involved in the regulation of MDR1b in rat lung.	Paraquat	22-30	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	147-152
15177642-3	2004	The expression rates of mRNA for catalase, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) remains constant during culture and were not modulated by hydrogen peroxide or paraquat.	Paraquat	198-206	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	33-41
15177642-3	2004	The expression rates of mRNA for catalase, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) remains constant during culture and were not modulated by hydrogen peroxide or paraquat.	Paraquat	198-206	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	71-80
15177642-3	2004	The expression rates of mRNA for catalase, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) remains constant during culture and were not modulated by hydrogen peroxide or paraquat.	Paraquat	198-206	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	86-109
15177642-3	2004	The expression rates of mRNA for catalase, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) remains constant during culture and were not modulated by hydrogen peroxide or paraquat.	Paraquat	198-206	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	111-117
15177642-8	2004	Only 50 microM paraquat induced a significant decrease in catalase activity and an increase in Cu/Zn-SOD activity.	Paraquat	15-23	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	58-66
15177642-8	2004	Only 50 microM paraquat induced a significant decrease in catalase activity and an increase in Cu/Zn-SOD activity.	Paraquat	15-23	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	95-104
14766915-5	2004	Mutation of ftsH in S. aureus leads to pleiotropic defects including slower growth, sensitivity to salt, acid, methyl viologen and potassium tellurite stresses, and reduced survival in amino-acid- or phosphate-limiting conditions.	Paraquat	111-126	YME1-like 1 (S. cerevisiae)	Mus musculus	12-16
15034941-8	2004	In contrast, paraquat-mediated superoxide stress in fibroblasts promoted aggregation of endogenous SOD1, but not mutant SOD1.	Paraquat	13-21	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	99-103
14734639-7	2004	The motorneurons-targeted expression of Hsp22 also significantly increases flies" resistance to oxidative injuries induced by paraquat (up to 35%) and thermal stress (39% at 30 degrees C and 23% at 37 degrees C).	Paraquat	126-134	Heat shock protein 22	Drosophila melanogaster	40-45
14759608-5	2004	Hepatocytes and fibroblasts from the Tg(CAT)(+/+) mice were more resistant to hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death but were more sensitive to paraquat and TNFalpha toxicity.	Paraquat	142-150	catalase	Mus musculus	40-43
14662519-7	2004	By 2D gel analysis we also showed multiple pI isoforms for DJ-1 ranging between 5.5-6.6 in both control and Parkinson"s disease brains, whilst exposure of M17 cells to the oxidizing agent paraquat was manifested as a shift in pI of endogenous DJ-1 towards more acidic isoforms.	Paraquat	188-196	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	59-63
14662519-7	2004	By 2D gel analysis we also showed multiple pI isoforms for DJ-1 ranging between 5.5-6.6 in both control and Parkinson"s disease brains, whilst exposure of M17 cells to the oxidizing agent paraquat was manifested as a shift in pI of endogenous DJ-1 towards more acidic isoforms.	Paraquat	188-196	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	243-247
14761685-9	2004	The null mice had a significantly lower survival time than wild-type controls when chronically treated with relatively low doses of paraquat, a finding consistent with a role of mGSTA4-4 in the defense against oxidative stress.	Paraquat	132-140	glutathione S-transferase, alpha 4	Mus musculus	178-186
15162845-0	2004	The involvement of p53 in paraquat-induced apoptosis in human lung epithelial-like cells.	Paraquat	26-34	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	19-22
15190189-0	2004	Increased catalase activity in mouse cell mutants resistant to paraquat.	Paraquat	63-71	catalase	Mus musculus	10-18
14744629-5	2004	The results show that survival rates were increased in sod+ xth- nfo+ cells compared with sod- xth- ape-, sod- xth- ape-, and sod+ xth- ape- cells under oxidative stress generated with 0.1 mM paraquat or 3 mM H2O2.	Paraquat	192-200	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
15162845-1	2004	To investigate the possible role of p53 in the progression of paraquat-induced apoptosis, the authors used two cell lines that were wild-type p53-expressing human lung epithelial-like cell line (L132) and a p53-deficient human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (U937) and explored the linkage between p53, DNA damage, and apoptosis.	Paraquat	62-70	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	36-39
15162845-2	2004	Following paraquat exposure to L132 cells, the percentage of S-phase cells decreased significantly and the expression of p53 protein increased, suggesting that entry into S phase from G1 phase was blocked.	Paraquat	10-18	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	121-124
15162845-5	2004	These results suggest that paraquat-induced DNA damage caused G1 arrest and apoptosis only in L132 cells, and that p53 protein accumulation is required for the induction of apoptosis by paraquat.	Paraquat	186-194	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	115-118
14499631-5	2003	MnSOD activity was strongly induced in virally transformed WI-38 cells by treatment with the herbicide paraquat or inhibition of GSH synthesis with BSO.	Paraquat	103-111	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	0-5
15325966-7	2004	We also demonstrate that estrogen receptor beta protein expression is modulated by paraquat administration in native PC12 cells, while paraquat does not change estrogen receptor beta ?expression in neuronal PC12 cells.	Paraquat	83-91	estrogen receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	25-47
14634163-2	2003	Expression of Arabidopsis phospholipase A IIA (AtPLA IIA) gene was induced by various treatments such as pathogen inoculation (Alternaria alternata, Alternaria brassicicola and Colletotrichum higginsianum), cold, high-salinity, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, ethephon, paraquat, rose bengal, UV-C and CuSO(4)-treatments.	Paraquat	287-295	phospholipase A 2A	Arabidopsis thaliana	47-56
14658382-0	2003	Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing cotton glutathione S-transferase (GST) show enhanced resistance to methyl viologen.	Paraquat	108-123	glutathione S-transferase	Nicotiana tabacum	48-73
14658382-0	2003	Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing cotton glutathione S-transferase (GST) show enhanced resistance to methyl viologen.	Paraquat	108-123	glutathione S-transferase	Nicotiana tabacum	75-78
14658382-2	2003	Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing Gst-cr1 were normal in growth and mature compared with control, but had much higher levels of GST and GPx activities and showed an enhanced resistance to oxidative stress induced by a low concentration of methyl viologen (MV).	Paraquat	246-261	glutathione S-transferase	Nicotiana tabacum	41-44
14617075-2	2003	We demonstrate that AtGSTF2 expression is also induced by glutathione, paraquat, copper, and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) via a mechanism independent of ethylene perception, as determined by analysis of the ethylene-insensitive etr1 mutant.	Paraquat	71-79	glutathione S-transferase PHI 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	20-27
14503839-0	2003	Differential induction of Mn-containing superoxide dismutase by paraquat in peripheral lymphocytes of normal subjects and gastric cancer patients.	Paraquat	64-72	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	40-60
14581623-14	2003	Transgenic plants expressing AtNDK1 under control of the CaMV 35S promoter exhibited tolerance to paraquat and high ability to eliminate exogenous H2O2.	Paraquat	98-106	nucleoside diphosphate kinase	Arabidopsis thaliana	29-35
12970474-10	2003	Conversely, plastidic G6PDH activity of leaf discs incubated on Paraquat rose to 10-fold higher levels, which was not prevented by cycloheximide.	Paraquat	64-72	glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic isoform	Solanum tuberosum	22-27
14503839-3	2003	We hypothesized that the inducibility of Mn-SOD and MT mRNA by paraquat, an intracellular superoxide generator, might be altered in lymphocytes of gastric cancer patients.	Paraquat	63-71	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	41-47
12654481-7	2003	The paraquat-mediated gene or protein expression of proapoptotic Bax, Bcl-w, and Bcl-X(S), cell survival/death factors GADD45, MDM2, c-Myc, and caspase-3 was upregulated, but that of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 was downregulated in the GPX1-/- mice vs. the WT mice.	Paraquat	4-12	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	65-68
12904208-6	2003	Analysis of transcript accumulation revealed that Ath-ALDH3 is induced in response to NaCl, heavy metals (Cu2+ and Cd2+), and chemicals that induce oxidative stress (methyl viologen (MV) and H2O2).	Paraquat	166-181	aldehyde dehydrogenase 3I1	Arabidopsis thaliana	54-59
12714668-9	2003	DHA blocked the paraquat-induced increase in Bax expression and remarkably upregulated Bcl-2 expression.	Paraquat	16-24	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	45-48
12714668-9	2003	DHA blocked the paraquat-induced increase in Bax expression and remarkably upregulated Bcl-2 expression.	Paraquat	16-24	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	87-92
12716914-0	2003	Alpha-synuclein overexpression protects against paraquat-induced neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	48-56	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	0-15
12716914-3	2003	Here, the relationship between alpha-synuclein expression and neuronal injury was studied in mice exposed to the herbicide paraquat.	Paraquat	123-131	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	31-46
12716914-5	2003	In control mice, paraquat caused both the formation of alpha-synuclein-containing intraneuronal deposits and the degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons, as demonstrated by silver staining and a reduction of the counts of TH-positive and Nissl-stained cells.	Paraquat	17-25	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	55-70
12851211-5	2003	H2O2 and paraquat treatment induced 1-cysPrx gene expression in L2 cells.	Paraquat	9-17	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	36-44
12782306-0	2003	Mitochondrial and cytosolic expression of human peroxiredoxin 5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protect yeast cells from oxidative stress induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	145-153	peroxiredoxin 5	Homo sapiens	48-63
12716914-6	2003	Mice overexpressing alpha-synuclein, either the human wild-type or the Ala53Thr mutant form of the protein, displayed paraquat-induced protein aggregates but were completely protected against neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	118-126	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	20-35
12654481-7	2003	The paraquat-mediated gene or protein expression of proapoptotic Bax, Bcl-w, and Bcl-X(S), cell survival/death factors GADD45, MDM2, c-Myc, and caspase-3 was upregulated, but that of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 was downregulated in the GPX1-/- mice vs. the WT mice.	Paraquat	4-12	BCL2-like 2	Mus musculus	70-75
12654481-7	2003	The paraquat-mediated gene or protein expression of proapoptotic Bax, Bcl-w, and Bcl-X(S), cell survival/death factors GADD45, MDM2, c-Myc, and caspase-3 was upregulated, but that of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 was downregulated in the GPX1-/- mice vs. the WT mice.	Paraquat	4-12	BCL2-like 1	Mus musculus	81-86
12876653-7	2003	In addition, the recombinant ZSOD was used to protect fish from 100 ppm of paraquat-induced oxidative injury by soaking fish larva in 55 micro g/ml SOD enzyme.	Paraquat	75-83	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Danio rerio	29-33
12876653-7	2003	In addition, the recombinant ZSOD was used to protect fish from 100 ppm of paraquat-induced oxidative injury by soaking fish larva in 55 micro g/ml SOD enzyme.	Paraquat	75-83	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Danio rerio	30-33
12453665-6	2003	The results showed that paraquat caused a large increase in hepatic glutathione reductase activity and induced hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, i.e., the rate-limiting enzyme in the oxidative part of the pentose-phosphate shunt.	Paraquat	24-32	glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase	Oncorhynchus mykiss	119-152
12566075-6	2003	Interestingly, cell lines derived from Gpx4(+/-) mice are markedly sensitive to inducers of oxidative stress, including gamma-irradiation, paraquat, tert-butylhydroperoxide, and hydrogen peroxide, as compared to cell lines derived from wild-type control littermates.	Paraquat	139-147	glutathione peroxidase 4	Mus musculus	39-43
12297371-9	2002	Thus, the treatment with DCP and PQ in water changed the properties of the mussels digestive gland cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system.	Paraquat	33-35	cytochrome P450 family 20 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	99-128
12509265-6	2003	(2) CSB(-/-) MEFs are highly sensitive to paraquat, strongly indicating that the increased cytotoxicity is due to oxidative damage.	Paraquat	42-50	ERCC excision repair 6, chromatin remodeling factor	Homo sapiens	4-7
12213810-5	2002	Paraquat treatment of pea seedlings induced lipid peroxidation, which resulted in the rapid loss of glycine-dependent respiration and loss of H-protein reactivity with lipoic acid antibodies.	Paraquat	0-8	myosin binding protein H	Homo sapiens	142-151
12470895-3	2002	age-1 also showed resistance to paraquat and heat.	Paraquat	32-40	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase age-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
12384824-8	2002	GHR-KO males were also more susceptible to paraquat toxicity compared to females or normal males.	Paraquat	43-51	growth hormone receptor	Mus musculus	0-3
12379116-7	2002	Escherichia coli cells expressing normal or truncated forms of YB-1 protein with the binding capacity acquire resistance against paraquat, a drug that induces oxidative stress in cells, whereas cells with truncated proteins lacking such an activity do not.	Paraquat	129-137	Y-box binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	63-67
11960673-0	2002	Effects of furazolidone, PCB77, PCB126, Aroclor 1248, paraquat and p,p"-DDE on transketolase activity in embryonal chicken brain.	Paraquat	54-62	transketolase like 1	Gallus gallus	79-92
12135814-8	2002	TTR purified from rats administered 4 mg/kg of paraquat formed much more amyloid fibrils than that from normal rats at pH 2.0-3.5 and significant amyloid fibrils were confirmed even at pH 7.0.	Paraquat	47-55	transthyretin	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
12180188-0	2002	Paraquat-generated oxidative stress in rat liver induces heme oxygenase-1 and aminolevulinic acid synthase.	Paraquat	0-8	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	57-73
12180188-3	2002	The activity of liver antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase was decreased 3 h after paraquat injection.	Paraquat	125-133	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	65-73
12180188-6	2002	This study shows that oxidative stress produced by paraquat leads to an increase in delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase and heme oxygenase-1 activities, indicating that the herbicide affects both heme biosynthesis and degradation.	Paraquat	51-59	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	123-139
12054598-0	2002	Overexpression of VDUP1 mRNA sensitizes HeLa cells to paraquat.	Paraquat	54-62	thioredoxin interacting protein	Homo sapiens	18-23
11941471-7	2002	VSP2 expression was further studied under natural senescence and various conditions causing oxidative stress, such as ozone exposure, paraquat and H2O2 treatments.	Paraquat	134-142	vegetative storage protein 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
11880309-8	2002	In another model of subacute injury, serum SP-D was increased in rats treated with paraquat plus oxygen.	Paraquat	83-91	surfactant protein D	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
11862946-4	2002	Two reactive oxygen generating compounds, paraquat and acifluorfen, were found to cause induction of both phytoalexin accumulation and PDF1.2 expression in wild-type plants, but this induction was almost completely abolished in esa1.	Paraquat	42-50	protodermal factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	135-139
11867705-5	2002	The MSRA transgenic animals are more resistant to paraquat-induced oxidative stress, and the onset of senescence-induced decline in the general activity level and reproductive capacity is delayed markedly.	Paraquat	50-58	Methionine sulfoxide reductase A	Drosophila melanogaster	4-8
11707429-4	2002	Paraquat markedly accelerated the in vitro rate of alpha-synuclein fibril formation in a dose-dependent fashion.	Paraquat	0-8	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	51-66
11707429-6	2002	This up-regulation followed a consistent pattern, with higher alpha-synuclein at 2 days after each of three weekly paraquat injections and with protein levels returning to control values by day 7 post-treatment.	Paraquat	115-123	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	62-77
12826488-10	2002	Paraquat exposure lead to a 2-3 fold increase of catalase, MnSOD and CuZnSOD mRNA expression in astrocytes.	Paraquat	0-8	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	49-57
12826488-10	2002	Paraquat exposure lead to a 2-3 fold increase of catalase, MnSOD and CuZnSOD mRNA expression in astrocytes.	Paraquat	0-8	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	59-64
12826488-10	2002	Paraquat exposure lead to a 2-3 fold increase of catalase, MnSOD and CuZnSOD mRNA expression in astrocytes.	Paraquat	0-8	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-76
12826488-11	2002	In contrast to astrocytes, in cortical neurons catalase and MnSOD mRNA levels were only marginally elevated above 1.5-fold by treatment with paraquat.	Paraquat	141-149	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	47-55
12826488-11	2002	In contrast to astrocytes, in cortical neurons catalase and MnSOD mRNA levels were only marginally elevated above 1.5-fold by treatment with paraquat.	Paraquat	141-149	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	60-65
11936578-7	2001	However, paraquat also decreased the level of glutathione (GSH) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px).	Paraquat	9-17	glutathione peroxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	108-114
11728823-6	2001	In combination with transduced SOD, transduced catalase also resulted in a cooperative increase in cell viability when the cells were treated with paraquat, an intracellular antioxide anion generator.	Paraquat	147-155	catalase	Homo sapiens	47-55
11472763-4	2001	In contrast, transgenic flies carrying extra-copies of hsp70 are more resistant to paraquat, however this is due to an especially high resistance in two age groups compared to all the other groups.	Paraquat	83-91	Heat-shock-protein-70Ab	Drosophila melanogaster	55-60
11581253-4	2001	Here, we demonstrate certain phenotypic differences between these strains: 1) lys7Delta cells are slightly less sensitive to paraquat than sod1Delta cells, 2) EPR-detectable or "free" iron is dramatically elevated in sod1Delta mutants but not in lys7Delta yeast, and 3) although sod1Delta mutants show increased sensitivity to extracellular zinc, the lys7Delta strain is as resistant as wild type.	Paraquat	125-133	copper chaperone CCS1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	78-87
11590119-4	2001	The transgenic strains expressing mutant human SOD1 showed greater vulnerability to oxidative stress induced by 0.2 mM paraquat than a control that contained the wild-type human SOD1.	Paraquat	119-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	47-51
11697128-0	2001	Oxidized forms of peroxiredoxins and DJ-1 on two-dimensional gels increased in response to sublethal levels of paraquat.	Paraquat	111-119	peroxiredoxin 1	Homo sapiens	18-32
11697128-0	2001	Oxidized forms of peroxiredoxins and DJ-1 on two-dimensional gels increased in response to sublethal levels of paraquat.	Paraquat	111-119	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	37-41
11746186-0	2001	Role of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) on paraquat intoxication.	Paraquat	41-49	heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1	Rattus norvegicus	8-29
11746186-0	2001	Role of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) on paraquat intoxication.	Paraquat	41-49	heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-36
11746186-1	2001	The possibility of establishing a new method of treatment against pulmonary fibrosis caused by acute paraquat intoxication, which takes into consideration the role of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), was investigated in paraquat-exposed rat lung mitochondria.	Paraquat	101-109	heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1	Rattus norvegicus	167-188
11746186-1	2001	The possibility of establishing a new method of treatment against pulmonary fibrosis caused by acute paraquat intoxication, which takes into consideration the role of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), was investigated in paraquat-exposed rat lung mitochondria.	Paraquat	101-109	heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1	Rattus norvegicus	190-195
11445065-3	2001	Here we show that several pesticides, including rotenone, dieldrin and paraquat, induce a conformational change in alpha-synuclein and significantly accelerate the rate of formation of alpha-synuclein fibrils in vitro.	Paraquat	71-79	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	115-130
11577197-4	2001	In leaves, ATMPK6 was activated by paraquat and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (a catalase inhibitor).	Paraquat	35-43	MAP kinase 6	Arabidopsis thaliana	11-17
11550893-5	2001	Our results show that, although the low-activity CuZnSOD allele of D. melanogaster confers hypersensitivity to paraquat, the near UV radiation damage was not affected.	Paraquat	111-119	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	49-56
11467967-9	2001	Treatment of A. thaliana seedlings with oxidized glutathione or paraquat induces APS reductase activity even when transcription or translation is blocked with inhibitors.	Paraquat	64-72	APS reductase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	81-94
11445065-3	2001	Here we show that several pesticides, including rotenone, dieldrin and paraquat, induce a conformational change in alpha-synuclein and significantly accelerate the rate of formation of alpha-synuclein fibrils in vitro.	Paraquat	71-79	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	185-200
11058591-11	2001	Consistent with a role for glycerol 3-phosphatase in protection against oxidative stress, expression of GPP2 is induced in the presence of paraquat.	Paraquat	139-147	glycerol-1-phosphatase HOR2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	104-108
11448761-4	2001	In contrast to the enzyme activities, mRNA levels of both cat2 and cat3 were enhanced under oxidative stress induced by either paraquat or the fungal toxin cercosporin.	Paraquat	127-135	cationic amino acid transporter 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	58-62
11448761-4	2001	In contrast to the enzyme activities, mRNA levels of both cat2 and cat3 were enhanced under oxidative stress induced by either paraquat or the fungal toxin cercosporin.	Paraquat	127-135	catalase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	67-71
11178967-3	2001	The AML-2/DX100 also showed various levels of resistance to daunorubicin and vincristine but was paradoxically sensitive to hydrogen peroxide (5-fold), t-butyl hydroperoxide (3-fold), and paraquat (2-fold) when compared to the drug-sensitive parental AML-2 cells (AML-2/WT).	Paraquat	188-196	RUNX family transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	4-9
11325355-7	2001	Transient transfection of primary astroglial cells with a reporter plasmid containing the upstream region of the catalase gene showed a decrease in reporter gene activity after exposure of transfected cells to either H2O2 or paraquat.	Paraquat	225-233	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	113-121
11306437-6	2001	In addition, 54 to 72% of cells overexpressing both MnSOD and CAT survived in 1 mM paraquat compared with 58 to 73% with MnSOD alone and 27% with control cells.	Paraquat	83-91	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	52-57
11306437-6	2001	In addition, 54 to 72% of cells overexpressing both MnSOD and CAT survived in 1 mM paraquat compared with 58 to 73% with MnSOD alone and 27% with control cells.	Paraquat	83-91	catalase	Homo sapiens	62-65
11568445-2	2001	After these mice were injected with pro-oxidants paraquat or diquat at 12 to 125 mg/kg of body weight, their survival rate and time were a function of their GPX1 activity levels.	Paraquat	49-57	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	157-161
11139389-9	2001	Accordingly, this mutation resulted in a form of NiR that had very low enzyme activity with the artificial electron donors reduced Methyl Viologen and sodium dithionite.	Paraquat	131-146	nitrite reductase large subunit	Achromobacter xylosoxidans	49-52
11568445-4	2001	The GPX1 expression was also protective against moderate oxidative stress induced by low levels of paraquat or diquat, particularly in the Se-deficient mice.	Paraquat	99-107	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	4-8
11281253-1	2001	In vitro study for the determination of the toxicity of some pesticides (glyphospate and paraquat) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on the activities of serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AlP), and acid phosphatase (AcP) is described.	Paraquat	89-97	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	155-175
11281253-1	2001	In vitro study for the determination of the toxicity of some pesticides (glyphospate and paraquat) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on the activities of serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AlP), and acid phosphatase (AcP) is described.	Paraquat	89-97	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	177-181
10857362-0	2000	Photosensitized reduction of methyl viologen using eosin-Y in presence of a sacrificial electron donor in water-alcohol mixture Photoreduction of methyl viologen (MV2+) by eosin-Y (EY2-) in the presence of triethanolamine (TEOA) has been investigated in water-methanol mixture by means of steady-state photolysis and laser-flash photolysis in the visible/near-infrared regions.	Paraquat	29-44	ENY2 transcription and export complex 2 subunit	Homo sapiens	181-184
10993144-6	2000	An increase in the NADPH-cytochrome-P450-reductase activity in the liver microsome fraction by paraquat was suppressed by supplementing the paraquat diet with acylated anthocyanins.	Paraquat	95-103	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	19-50
10993144-6	2000	An increase in the NADPH-cytochrome-P450-reductase activity in the liver microsome fraction by paraquat was suppressed by supplementing the paraquat diet with acylated anthocyanins.	Paraquat	140-148	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	19-50
10857362-1	2000	The complete conversion to the persistent methyl viologen radical cation (MV.+) was observed in the presence of lower concentrations of EY2- and excess TEOA.	Paraquat	42-57	ENY2 transcription and export complex 2 subunit	Homo sapiens	136-139
11113575-0	2000	Role of paraquat in the uncoupling of nitric oxide synthase.	Paraquat	8-16	nitric oxide synthase 1	Homo sapiens	38-59
10934243-4	2000	We found that Sh, Hk, and eag mutant flies were all hypersensitive to paraquat.	Paraquat	70-78	ether a go-go	Drosophila melanogaster	26-29
10934243-5	2000	Double-mutant combinations among the three channel mutations and qvr(1) had drastically enhanced sensitivity to paraquat.	Paraquat	112-120	quiver	Drosophila melanogaster	65-68
10959798-5	2000	In contrast, exposure of hepatocytes to paraquat resulted in an increase in both catalase and MnSOD message levels.	Paraquat	40-48	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	81-89
10959798-5	2000	In contrast, exposure of hepatocytes to paraquat resulted in an increase in both catalase and MnSOD message levels.	Paraquat	40-48	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	94-99
10857362-0	2000	Photosensitized reduction of methyl viologen using eosin-Y in presence of a sacrificial electron donor in water-alcohol mixture Photoreduction of methyl viologen (MV2+) by eosin-Y (EY2-) in the presence of triethanolamine (TEOA) has been investigated in water-methanol mixture by means of steady-state photolysis and laser-flash photolysis in the visible/near-infrared regions.	Paraquat	146-161	ENY2 transcription and export complex 2 subunit	Homo sapiens	181-184
10731606-5	2000	We have also demonstrated that methyl viologen is an ineffective electron donor to Nap: its use leads to an underestimation of the contribution of Nap activity to the rate of nitrate reduction in vivo.	Paraquat	31-46	catenin beta like 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
10759888-3	2000	RESULTS: We isolated a Bax-resistant mutant from E. coli cells that survive in the presence of paraquat, a generator of superoxide, by screening a library constructed from the random insertion of a transposon.	Paraquat	95-103	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	23-26
10699569-5	2000	It is implied that an early induction of catalase in mice as opposed to rats may account for the resistance of Swiss mice to paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	125-133	catalase	Mus musculus	41-49
10759888-4	2000	Psb1 (paraquat-resistant, suppressor of Bax-1) mutant had a Tn 10 transposon inserted in the rne gene of E. coli, splitting the RNase E gene (rne) into N- and C-terminal halves.	Paraquat	6-14	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	40-43
10759888-4	2000	Psb1 (paraquat-resistant, suppressor of Bax-1) mutant had a Tn 10 transposon inserted in the rne gene of E. coli, splitting the RNase E gene (rne) into N- and C-terminal halves.	Paraquat	6-14	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 8	Homo sapiens	128-135
10759888-7	2000	CONCLUSIONS: The N-terminal region of the RNase E protein inhibits bacterial death induced by human Bax as well as paraquat through a unique mechanism that is distinct from RNA digestion.	Paraquat	115-123	protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 8	Homo sapiens	42-49
10805594-1	2000	We evaluated the defense system in chloroplasts to photooxidative stress imposed by paraquat treatment under illumination in transgenic tobacco plants with increased tolerance to drought stress at a high light intensity produced by catalase from Escherichia coli targeted to chloroplasts [Shikanai et al.	Paraquat	84-92	catalase isozyme 1	Nicotiana tabacum	232-240
10774745-1	2000	Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-specific mechanisms of drug resistance were explored in paraquat (PQ)-resistant acute myelogenous leukemia cell (OCI/AML-2) sublines.	Paraquat	86-94	RUNX family transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	147-152
10774745-2	2000	For this, PQ-resistant AML sublines, AML-2/PQ100 and AML-2/PQ400, were selected in the presence of PQ concentrations of 100 microg/ml and 400 microg/ml, respectively.	Paraquat	10-12	RUNX family transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	37-42
10774745-5	2000	The resistance of PQ-resistant AML-2 sublines to cisplatin seemed to be due to increased amounts of metallothionein, which was not only supported by reversal of resistance to cisplatin by propargylglycin (an inhibitor of metallothionein synthesis) but also confirmed by Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-PCR assay.	Paraquat	18-20	RUNX family transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	31-36
10774745-2	2000	For this, PQ-resistant AML sublines, AML-2/PQ100 and AML-2/PQ400, were selected in the presence of PQ concentrations of 100 microg/ml and 400 microg/ml, respectively.	Paraquat	10-12	RUNX family transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	53-58
10774745-8	2000	Taken together, these results strongly suggest that increases in levels of metallothionein, glutathione S-transferase, Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD play important roles in protective mechanisms against toxicity of PQ or ROS in AML cells.	Paraquat	206-208	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	133-139
10938803-5	2000	Paraquat treatment caused a complete loss of the psaA gene products, modified the photosystem II reaction centre polypeptide, D1, and increased the number of peptides arising from breakdown of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (Rubisco).	Paraquat	0-8	ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit, chloroplastic	Zea mays	193-240
10679488-5	2000	However, cotreatment with paraquat and either Cu(2+)/Zn(2+) superoxide dismutase or the superoxide dismutase mimetic tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin chloride increased eNOS mRNA by 2.3- and 2.2-fold, respectively, implicating a role for H(2)O(2).	Paraquat	26-34	nitric oxide synthase 3	Bos taurus	170-174
11154047-3	2000	Data show that the activities of hepatic SODs and catalase were increased by oral administration of yukmi extracts following PQ pretreatment.	Paraquat	125-127	catalase	Mus musculus	50-58
10666014-4	2000	A single intraperitoneal injection of PQ (50 mg/kg) resulted in a significant rise in the levels of protein, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), while a decrease in glutathione levels.	Paraquat	38-40	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	109-138
10666014-6	2000	In addition, the data also demonstrated that PQ caused a decrease in ACE and glutathione levels and an increase in levels of TBARS and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the lung.	Paraquat	45-47	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
10666014-4	2000	A single intraperitoneal injection of PQ (50 mg/kg) resulted in a significant rise in the levels of protein, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), while a decrease in glutathione levels.	Paraquat	38-40	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	140-143
10666014-6	2000	In addition, the data also demonstrated that PQ caused a decrease in ACE and glutathione levels and an increase in levels of TBARS and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the lung.	Paraquat	45-47	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	135-150
10666014-4	2000	A single intraperitoneal injection of PQ (50 mg/kg) resulted in a significant rise in the levels of protein, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), while a decrease in glutathione levels.	Paraquat	38-40	O-GlcNAcase	Rattus norvegicus	174-205
10666014-6	2000	In addition, the data also demonstrated that PQ caused a decrease in ACE and glutathione levels and an increase in levels of TBARS and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the lung.	Paraquat	45-47	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	152-155
10666014-9	2000	In addition, PQ induced reduction in lung ACE and BAL cell and lung glutathione levels was abolished by curcumin treatment.	Paraquat	13-15	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	42-45
10666014-4	2000	A single intraperitoneal injection of PQ (50 mg/kg) resulted in a significant rise in the levels of protein, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), while a decrease in glutathione levels.	Paraquat	38-40	O-GlcNAcase	Rattus norvegicus	207-210
10585871-8	1999	Glox I was selectively inactivated by NO; compounds that induce oxidative stress (H(2)O(2), paraquat and arsenite) failed to inhibit this enzyme.	Paraquat	92-100	glyoxalase I	Homo sapiens	0-6
10490279-2	1999	Increased rates of superoxide production from paraquat, which were sensitive to superoxide dismutase (SOD), required the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in the reaction medium, and occurred instantaneously after the addition of NADPH, which is impermeable to cell membranes.	Paraquat	46-54	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	80-100
10535996-2	1999	NO synthase (NOS) has been shown to participate in PQ-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	51-53	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	0-11
10644010-5	1999	Our results show a 20-50% increase in both SOD activities when cells were exposed to TNF or to an oxidative stress produced by Paraquat (a generator of superoxide anion radicals), both in terms of enzymes activity (zymogram) and protein levels (Western blotting and ELISA).	Paraquat	127-135	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	43-46
10644010-7	1999	Specific inhibition of Cu/Zn-SOD activity by DTIC (diethyldithiocarbamic acid), in presence of Paraquat or TNF, was followed by an upregulation of ICAM-1 expression (60 and 20%, respectively).	Paraquat	95-103	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	147-153
10644010-8	1999	In contrast, the addition of a SOD mimetic (MnTMPyP) completely inhibited Paraquat-stimulated ICAM-1 expression in melanoma cells and significantly decreased it in HUVEC (50%).	Paraquat	74-82	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	31-34
10644010-8	1999	In contrast, the addition of a SOD mimetic (MnTMPyP) completely inhibited Paraquat-stimulated ICAM-1 expression in melanoma cells and significantly decreased it in HUVEC (50%).	Paraquat	74-82	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	94-100
10539768-1	1999	Our objective was to determine whether high levels of dietary vitamin E replaced the protection of the Se-dependent cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) against paraquat- or diquat-induced acute oxidative stress in mice.	Paraquat	163-171	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	116-147
10539768-1	1999	Our objective was to determine whether high levels of dietary vitamin E replaced the protection of the Se-dependent cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) against paraquat- or diquat-induced acute oxidative stress in mice.	Paraquat	163-171	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	149-153
10490279-2	1999	Increased rates of superoxide production from paraquat, which were sensitive to superoxide dismutase (SOD), required the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in the reaction medium, and occurred instantaneously after the addition of NADPH, which is impermeable to cell membranes.	Paraquat	46-54	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	102-105
9826655-3	1998	When exposed to either hydrogen peroxide, paraquat, or 2,2"-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride treatment, the MsrA overexpressed strain grew better, had lower free and protein-bound methionine sulfoxide and had a better survival rate under these conditions than did the msrA mutant and its parent strain.	Paraquat	42-50	methionine sulfoxide reductase A	Bos taurus	117-121
12935482-0	1999	Changes in mRNAs of inducible nitric oxide synthase and interleukin-1 beta in the liver, kidney and lung tissues of rats acutely exposed to paraquat.	Paraquat	140-148	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	20-51
12935482-0	1999	Changes in mRNAs of inducible nitric oxide synthase and interleukin-1 beta in the liver, kidney and lung tissues of rats acutely exposed to paraquat.	Paraquat	140-148	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	56-74
12935482-4	1999	In this study, we have investigated whether mRNAs of iNOS and IL-1 beta are affected in rat liver, kidney and lung tissues by exposure to non-lethal and lethal doses of PQ.	Paraquat	169-171	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	53-57
12935482-4	1999	In this study, we have investigated whether mRNAs of iNOS and IL-1 beta are affected in rat liver, kidney and lung tissues by exposure to non-lethal and lethal doses of PQ.	Paraquat	169-171	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	62-71
12935482-5	1999	Suppression and then marked stimulation of the iNOS mRNA were observed in the liver tissues of rats exposed to a lethal dose of PQ, while the kidney and lung tissues showed little changes.	Paraquat	128-130	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
12935482-9	1999	These data suggest that acute lethal poisoning and non-lethal poisoning by PQ undergo different mechanisms of action of NO and IL-1 beta systems; the former is due, at least in part, to an increase in NO production, while the latter is due to stimulation of IL-1 beta and/or other cytokines.	Paraquat	75-77	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	127-136
12935482-9	1999	These data suggest that acute lethal poisoning and non-lethal poisoning by PQ undergo different mechanisms of action of NO and IL-1 beta systems; the former is due, at least in part, to an increase in NO production, while the latter is due to stimulation of IL-1 beta and/or other cytokines.	Paraquat	75-77	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	258-267
10480324-0	1999	Effects of secretable SOD delivered by genetically modified cells on xanthine/xanthine oxidase and paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in vitro.	Paraquat	99-107	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
10421577-3	1999	In plants expressing Bcl-x(L), cell death induced by UV-B irradiation, paraquat treatment or the hypersensitive reaction (HR) to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection was suppressed.	Paraquat	71-79	BCL2 like 1	Homo sapiens	21-29
10036768-6	1999	The yeast overexpressing hSOD1 appeared to be more resistant to oxidative stresses such as paraquat, menadione and heat shock.	Paraquat	91-99	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	25-30
9925760-3	1999	It was found that superoxide produced by hyperoxic culture conditions (95% O2 atm) or the redox cycling agent paraquat caused a lesion of the import/processing of precursor hMn-SOD in the baculovirus model.	Paraquat	110-118	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	173-180
10446154-2	1999	The promoter activity of the SOD1 gene was increased 3-5-fold by hydrogen peroxide, paraquat (PQ) and heat shock.	Paraquat	84-92	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-33
10446154-2	1999	The promoter activity of the SOD1 gene was increased 3-5-fold by hydrogen peroxide, paraquat (PQ) and heat shock.	Paraquat	94-96	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-33
10446154-7	1999	When cells were treated with PQ, a strong far-shifted complex with the HSE was observed and was competed out by the cold HSE probe, indicating that PQ also activated the SOD1 promoter through the same HSE site.	Paraquat	29-31	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-174
10446154-7	1999	When cells were treated with PQ, a strong far-shifted complex with the HSE was observed and was competed out by the cold HSE probe, indicating that PQ also activated the SOD1 promoter through the same HSE site.	Paraquat	148-150	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-174
10446154-9	1999	These results indicate that the SOD1 was inducible by H(2)O(2) through the HRE and by PQ and heat shock through the same HSE to protect cells from oxidative hazards.	Paraquat	86-88	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
10428770-8	1999	The paraquat injection also resulted in temporal changes in lung GPX activity and GPX1 protein in the Se-adequate WT, and significant reductions in lung total SOD activity in the GPX1 knockout or deficient groups.	Paraquat	4-12	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	65-68
10428770-8	1999	The paraquat injection also resulted in temporal changes in lung GPX activity and GPX1 protein in the Se-adequate WT, and significant reductions in lung total SOD activity in the GPX1 knockout or deficient groups.	Paraquat	4-12	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	82-86
10428770-8	1999	The paraquat injection also resulted in temporal changes in lung GPX activity and GPX1 protein in the Se-adequate WT, and significant reductions in lung total SOD activity in the GPX1 knockout or deficient groups.	Paraquat	4-12	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	179-183
10428770-9	1999	In conclusion, GPX1 plays a critical role in maintaining the redox status of mice under acute oxidative stress, and protects against paraquat-induced oxidative destruction of lipids and protein in vivo.	Paraquat	133-141	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	15-19
10348862-8	1999	In addition, when a microaerophilic culture entered into the stationary phase at 20 days, transcription of hmp increased to a small extent after exposure to S-nitrosoglutathione (a nitric oxide [NO] releaser) and sodium nitroprusside (an NO+ donor) and decreased after exposure to paraquat (a superoxide generator) and H2O2.	Paraquat	281-289	inner membrane mitochondrial protein	Homo sapiens	107-110
10195331-0	1999	Paraquat induced activation of transcription factor AP-1 and apoptosis in PC12 cells.	Paraquat	0-8	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	52-56
10195331-5	1999	Interestingly, both apoptotic cell death and AP-1/DNA binding activity induced by paraquat were blocked by cyclohexamide and genistein, indicating that both the AP-1/DNA binding activation and apoptosis induced by paraquat are closely related.	Paraquat	82-90	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
10195331-5	1999	Interestingly, both apoptotic cell death and AP-1/DNA binding activity induced by paraquat were blocked by cyclohexamide and genistein, indicating that both the AP-1/DNA binding activation and apoptosis induced by paraquat are closely related.	Paraquat	82-90	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	161-165
10195331-5	1999	Interestingly, both apoptotic cell death and AP-1/DNA binding activity induced by paraquat were blocked by cyclohexamide and genistein, indicating that both the AP-1/DNA binding activation and apoptosis induced by paraquat are closely related.	Paraquat	214-222	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
10195331-5	1999	Interestingly, both apoptotic cell death and AP-1/DNA binding activity induced by paraquat were blocked by cyclohexamide and genistein, indicating that both the AP-1/DNA binding activation and apoptosis induced by paraquat are closely related.	Paraquat	214-222	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	161-165
10195331-6	1999	Moreover, cells were also protected from paraquat toxicity in the presence of antioxidant defense enzymes SOD and catalase.	Paraquat	41-49	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	106-122
9877203-11	1998	Exposure of crude membrane preparations of rat lung to PQ resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of NEP activity.	Paraquat	55-57	membrane metallo-endopeptidase	Rattus norvegicus	101-104
9814549-4	1998	Furthermore, the fact that addition of superoxide dismutase, catalase and promethazine efficiently blocked the malondialdehyde formation and attenuated the cell death indicated the involvement of reactive oxygen radicals in mediating the cytotoxicity induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	262-270	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	61-69
9649587-9	1998	Compared with the saline injection, this low dose of paraquat resulted in greater (P < 0.001) liver and lung F2-isoprostanes in both the GPX1 knockout mice and the controls.	Paraquat	53-61	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	140-144
9712879-0	1998	Mice with a homozygous null mutation for the most abundant glutathione peroxidase, Gpx1, show increased susceptibility to the oxidative stress-inducing agents paraquat and hydrogen peroxide.	Paraquat	159-167	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	83-87
9724415-6	1998	Though the WT strains were clearly more resistant that the pso5-1 mutant to the two oxidative stressors paraquat and tBOOH, these substances failed to significantly enhance expression of the RNR2-lacZ and RNR3-lacZ fusion constructs in both the WT and the pso5-1 mutant.	Paraquat	104-112	DNA repair protein RAD16	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	59-63
9681465-7	1998	Splenocytes from Bcl-2-deficient mice were also killed more effectively by dopamine as well as paraquat.	Paraquat	95-103	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	17-22
9788901-3	1998	Transgenic mice overexpressing three isoforms of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and the cellular glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx-1) in various tissues show an increased tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion heart and brain injury, hyperoxia, cold-induced brain edema, adriamycin, and paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	279-287	catalase	Mus musculus	71-79
9788901-3	1998	Transgenic mice overexpressing three isoforms of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and the cellular glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx-1) in various tissues show an increased tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion heart and brain injury, hyperoxia, cold-induced brain edema, adriamycin, and paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	279-287	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	89-120
9788901-3	1998	Transgenic mice overexpressing three isoforms of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and the cellular glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx-1) in various tissues show an increased tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion heart and brain injury, hyperoxia, cold-induced brain edema, adriamycin, and paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	279-287	glutathione peroxidase 1	Mus musculus	122-129
9724415-2	1998	While exposure to the mutagens UVC, 4NQO and H2O2 induced expression of the RNR2-lacZ and RNR3-lacZ fusion constructs in two WT strains, treatment with the two oxidative stressors tBOOH and paraquat did not.	Paraquat	190-198	ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase subunit RNR2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	76-80
9626567-6	1998	In contrast, cells overexpressing G6PD were very sensitive to paraquat, a superoxide-producing herbicide.	Paraquat	62-70	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2	Mus musculus	34-38
9657385-4	1998	Exposure of microglial cells to H2O2 or paraquat rapidly triggered CD95L mRNA and protein expression, associated with the activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB.	Paraquat	40-48	Fas ligand	Homo sapiens	67-72
9657385-4	1998	Exposure of microglial cells to H2O2 or paraquat rapidly triggered CD95L mRNA and protein expression, associated with the activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB.	Paraquat	40-48	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	157-166
9612295-3	1998	We now report that the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor quinacrine can attenuate phosphatidylserine oxidation and also block paraquat-induced apoptosis.	Paraquat	126-134	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	23-39
9612295-3	1998	We now report that the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor quinacrine can attenuate phosphatidylserine oxidation and also block paraquat-induced apoptosis.	Paraquat	126-134	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	41-45
9612295-4	1998	Therefore, we investigated the potential for PLA2 to mediate apoptosis after paraquat.	Paraquat	77-85	phospholipase A2, group IB, pancreas	Mus musculus	45-49
9626567-0	1998	Effects of G6PD overexpression in NIH3T3 cells treated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide or paraquat.	Paraquat	88-96	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2	Mus musculus	11-15
9626567-9	1998	In this study, overexpression of human G6PD in NIH3T3 cells had different effects on the toxicity of TBH vs. paraquat.	Paraquat	109-117	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	39-43
9626567-10	1998	Reduction of NADP+ to NADPH by G6PD protects cells from oxidative damage by TBH, but appears to enhance the toxicity of paraquat.	Paraquat	120-128	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 2	Mus musculus	31-35
9264557-5	1997	In addition, whereas the loss of 50% CuZnSOD rendered Sod1-/+ cells almost twice more sensitive to paraquat than +/+ cells, loss of 50% MnSOD had no effect on paraquat sensitivity.	Paraquat	99-107	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	37-44
9563520-2	1998	To study the influence of paraquat binding to G-actin on the interaction of G-actin with thymosin beta4 we determined the apparent dissociation constant of the G-actin-thymosin beta4 complex in the absence or presence of paraquat using an ultrafiltration assay.	Paraquat	26-34	thymosin beta 4 X-linked	Homo sapiens	89-103
9563520-4	1998	When exposed to 10 mM paraquat, the apparent dissociation constant increased 10-85-fold within 15 min to 24 h. After incubation for 24 h even a paraquat concentration as low as 100 microM increased the dissociation constant of the G-actin-thymosin beta4 complex from 0.66 microM to 0.82 microM (P < 0.05).	Paraquat	22-30	thymosin beta 4 X-linked	Homo sapiens	239-253
9563520-4	1998	When exposed to 10 mM paraquat, the apparent dissociation constant increased 10-85-fold within 15 min to 24 h. After incubation for 24 h even a paraquat concentration as low as 100 microM increased the dissociation constant of the G-actin-thymosin beta4 complex from 0.66 microM to 0.82 microM (P < 0.05).	Paraquat	144-152	thymosin beta 4 X-linked	Homo sapiens	239-253
9563520-7	1998	Therefore we conclude that the dipyridyls paraquat and diquat directly interact with G-actin and thereby impede the interaction between G-actin and thymosin beta4.	Paraquat	42-50	thymosin beta 4 X-linked	Homo sapiens	148-162
9472073-1	1998	The original pso3-1 mutant isolate of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibits a pleiotropic mutagen-sensitivity phenotype that includes sensitivity to UVA-activated 3-carbethoxypsoralen, to UVC-light, to mono- and bi-functional nitrogen mustard, to paraquat, and to cadmium; on the other hand, it shows hyper-resistance (HYR) to nitrosoguanidine when compared to established wild-type strains.	Paraquat	253-261	ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase subunit RNR4	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	13-17
9454620-11	1998	Paraquat also caused dose- and time-dependent injury, but the CA1 region of the hippocampus was most vulnerable.	Paraquat	0-8	carbonic anhydrase 1	Homo sapiens	62-65
9380736-3	1997	Cultured Hmox1(-/-) embryonic fibroblasts demonstrated high oxygen free radical production when exposed to hemin, hydrogen peroxide, paraquat, or cadmium chloride, and they were hypersensitive to cytotoxicity caused by hemin and hydrogen peroxide.	Paraquat	133-141	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	9-14
9264557-4	1997	When cultured cells were subjected to treatment with paraquat to assess their ability to grow in the presence of high levels of superoxide radicals, Sod1-/- cells were 80 times more sensitive and Sod2-/- cells were 12 times more sensitive to paraquat than wild-type cells.	Paraquat	53-61	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	149-153
9264557-4	1997	When cultured cells were subjected to treatment with paraquat to assess their ability to grow in the presence of high levels of superoxide radicals, Sod1-/- cells were 80 times more sensitive and Sod2-/- cells were 12 times more sensitive to paraquat than wild-type cells.	Paraquat	53-61	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	196-200
9482266-7	1998	Antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and promethazine significantly inhibited paraquat-induced lipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	94-102	catalase	Mus musculus	44-52
9264557-5	1997	In addition, whereas the loss of 50% CuZnSOD rendered Sod1-/+ cells almost twice more sensitive to paraquat than +/+ cells, loss of 50% MnSOD had no effect on paraquat sensitivity.	Paraquat	99-107	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	54-58
9264557-6	1997	Our results suggest that CuZnSOD-deficient cells are more sensitive to oxygen toxicity than are MnSOD-deficient cells, that paraquat causes free radical-induced damage in both the mitochondria and cytoplasm, and that SOD compartmentalized in the cytosol cannot compensate for the loss of SOD in the mitochondria and vice versa.	Paraquat	124-132	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	96-101
9264557-6	1997	Our results suggest that CuZnSOD-deficient cells are more sensitive to oxygen toxicity than are MnSOD-deficient cells, that paraquat causes free radical-induced damage in both the mitochondria and cytoplasm, and that SOD compartmentalized in the cytosol cannot compensate for the loss of SOD in the mitochondria and vice versa.	Paraquat	124-132	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	29-32
9264557-6	1997	Our results suggest that CuZnSOD-deficient cells are more sensitive to oxygen toxicity than are MnSOD-deficient cells, that paraquat causes free radical-induced damage in both the mitochondria and cytoplasm, and that SOD compartmentalized in the cytosol cannot compensate for the loss of SOD in the mitochondria and vice versa.	Paraquat	124-132	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	98-101
9301111-1	1997	Age-associated changes in the induction of heme oxygenase (HO-1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) after the administration of paraquat were investigated in the liver of senescence-accelerated mice (SAMs).	Paraquat	127-135	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	59-63
9301111-1	1997	Age-associated changes in the induction of heme oxygenase (HO-1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) after the administration of paraquat were investigated in the liver of senescence-accelerated mice (SAMs).	Paraquat	127-135	heat shock protein 1B	Mus musculus	69-90
9301111-1	1997	Age-associated changes in the induction of heme oxygenase (HO-1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) after the administration of paraquat were investigated in the liver of senescence-accelerated mice (SAMs).	Paraquat	127-135	heat shock protein 1B	Mus musculus	92-97
9169468-0	1997	Regulation of human apolipoprotein A-I gene expression by gramoxone.	Paraquat	58-67	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	20-38
9223372-4	1997	This expression system was used to study the effects of paraquat and menadione, two intracellular superoxide generators, on processing of precursor hMn-SOD by insect mitochondria.	Paraquat	56-64	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	148-155
9223372-5	1997	Paraquat was found to potently inhibit mitochondrial processing of hMn-SOD, leading to the accumulation of precursor hMn-SOD and a decrease in measurable Mn-SOD activity.	Paraquat	0-8	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	67-74
9223372-5	1997	Paraquat was found to potently inhibit mitochondrial processing of hMn-SOD, leading to the accumulation of precursor hMn-SOD and a decrease in measurable Mn-SOD activity.	Paraquat	0-8	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	117-124
9223372-5	1997	Paraquat was found to potently inhibit mitochondrial processing of hMn-SOD, leading to the accumulation of precursor hMn-SOD and a decrease in measurable Mn-SOD activity.	Paraquat	0-8	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	68-74
9290648-5	1997	RNA blot analyses show that APX3 transcript levels increase slightly in response to cold, UV light, and treatments with hydrogen peroxide and paraquat.	Paraquat	142-150	ascorbate peroxidase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	28-32
9276677-1	1997	We produced an anti-paraquat single chain antibody (scFv) to investigate its potential use in immunotherapy for paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	20-28	immunglobulin heavy chain variable region	Homo sapiens	52-56
9276677-1	1997	We produced an anti-paraquat single chain antibody (scFv) to investigate its potential use in immunotherapy for paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	112-120	immunglobulin heavy chain variable region	Homo sapiens	52-56
9276677-7	1997	Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of 7D7-3 Fab revealed that the original observation of the pH-dependent paraquat binding with a mid-point of approximately pH 8.9 was due to tightly bound Tris.	Paraquat	107-115	FA complementation group B	Homo sapiens	44-47
9169468-3	1997	We demonstrated that exposure of HepG2 cells to gramoxone (0.1 microM) resulted in a 2-fold decrease in apoA-I mRNA with no significant change in apoB and apoE mRNA levels.	Paraquat	48-57	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	104-110
9169468-3	1997	We demonstrated that exposure of HepG2 cells to gramoxone (0.1 microM) resulted in a 2-fold decrease in apoA-I mRNA with no significant change in apoB and apoE mRNA levels.	Paraquat	48-57	apolipoprotein B	Homo sapiens	146-150
9169468-3	1997	We demonstrated that exposure of HepG2 cells to gramoxone (0.1 microM) resulted in a 2-fold decrease in apoA-I mRNA with no significant change in apoB and apoE mRNA levels.	Paraquat	48-57	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	155-159
9169468-5	1997	These studies revealed a 4-fold increase in the rate of apoA-I mRNA degradation in cells exposed to gramoxone.	Paraquat	100-109	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	56-62
9169468-7	1997	Consistent with nuclear run-off assays, transient transfection experiments using a series of pGL2-derived luciferase reporter plasmids containing the human apoAI proximal promoter demonstrated that gramoxone treatment increased apoA-I promoter activity 2-fold.	Paraquat	198-207	succinate dehydrogenase complex assembly factor 2	Homo sapiens	93-97
9169468-7	1997	Consistent with nuclear run-off assays, transient transfection experiments using a series of pGL2-derived luciferase reporter plasmids containing the human apoAI proximal promoter demonstrated that gramoxone treatment increased apoA-I promoter activity 2-fold.	Paraquat	198-207	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	228-234
9169468-8	1997	We have identified a potential "antioxidant response element" (ARE) in the apoA-I promoter region that may be responsible for the increase in apoA-I transcriptional activity by gramoxone.	Paraquat	177-186	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	75-81
9169468-8	1997	We have identified a potential "antioxidant response element" (ARE) in the apoA-I promoter region that may be responsible for the increase in apoA-I transcriptional activity by gramoxone.	Paraquat	177-186	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	142-148
9169468-14	1997	Taken together, the data suggest that gramoxone affects apoA-I mRNA levels by both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.	Paraquat	38-47	apolipoprotein A1	Homo sapiens	56-62
9108073-9	1997	After treatment with paraquat (PQ), a widely used herbicide and O(2)(-).-generating compound, muscle disability significantly deteriorated in Tg-CuZnSOD mice but not in control mice.	Paraquat	21-29	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	142-152
9108073-9	1997	After treatment with paraquat (PQ), a widely used herbicide and O(2)(-).-generating compound, muscle disability significantly deteriorated in Tg-CuZnSOD mice but not in control mice.	Paraquat	31-33	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	142-152
8981045-6	1997	Paraquat did not affect initial GSH levels, but increased GSH and decreased gamma-GT activity 24 h later.	Paraquat	0-8	gamma-glutamyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	76-84
9363638-5	1997	From previous studies, it is known that these experimental conditions increased (BSO, 200 microM t-BOOH) or decreased (800 microM t-BOOH, PQ, hyperoxia) gamma GT activity.	Paraquat	138-140	gamma-glutamyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	153-161
9124312-0	1997	Bcl-2 inhibits selective oxidation and externalization of phosphatidylserine during paraquat-induced apoptosis.	Paraquat	84-92	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	0-5
9124312-4	1997	Paraquat induced peroxidation of cis-PA primarily in phosphatidylserine (PS) and to a lesser extent in phosphatidylinositol (PI) within 2 h. The selective oxidation of PS occurred before signs of cytotoxicity and preceded the externalization of PS as assessed by annexin V binding.	Paraquat	0-8	annexin A5	Mus musculus	263-272
9124312-5	1997	Overexpression of Bcl-2 afforded significant protection against paraquat-induced apoptosis, early PS and PI oxidation, and PS externalization but not the ultimate formation of high-molecular-weight DNA fragments.	Paraquat	64-72	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	18-23
8981044-3	1997	Interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) mRNA increased time dependently for up to 72 h following paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	90-98	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	0-24
8981044-3	1997	Interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) mRNA increased time dependently for up to 72 h following paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	90-98	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
8981050-4	1997	The PQ-enhanced, NAC-inhibited release of arachidonic acid (AA) by alveolar epithelial type II cells did, however, explain our in vivo results, when one assumes that the AM synthesize their 5-lipoxygenase products from alveolar epithelial cell-derived AA, an hypothesis demonstrated already by other researchers.	Paraquat	4-6	arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase	Rattus norvegicus	190-204
8981044-6	1997	This combined treatment potentiated MMP-1 mRNA induction up to 6.5-fold compared to paraquat treated controls.	Paraquat	84-92	matrix metallopeptidase 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
8937465-6	1996	While the pretreatment of rats with alpha-tocopherol liposomes or liposomes containing both alpha-tocopherol and GSH significantly attenuated paraquat-induced changes in lung ACE activity to more or less the same extent, the bifunctional liposomal preparation conferred additional protection to alveolar type II epithelial cells, as evidenced by a significantly higher pulmonary AKP activity.	Paraquat	142-150	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	175-178
8937465-5	1996	Lungs of paraquat-challenged animals were damaged extensively as evidenced by increases in lung weight, indicative of edema, and decreases in lung activities of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP), indicative of endothelial and alveolar type II epithelial cell injuries, respectively.	Paraquat	9-17	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	161-190
8806656-3	1996	Treatments with oxidative stress agents such as diethyl maleate and paraquat increased a 2.0-kilobase A170 mRNA about twofold in the macrophages after 12 hours in culture.	Paraquat	68-76	sequestosome 1	Mus musculus	102-106
8937465-5	1996	Lungs of paraquat-challenged animals were damaged extensively as evidenced by increases in lung weight, indicative of edema, and decreases in lung activities of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP), indicative of endothelial and alveolar type II epithelial cell injuries, respectively.	Paraquat	9-17	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	192-195
21619210-5	1996	The detection limit was 5 muM, with a linear range extending to about 6 mM, giving a dynamic range of over 3 orders of magnitude for 0.1 mM methyl viologen.	Paraquat	140-155	latexin	Homo sapiens	26-29
27405949-4	1996	As expected, bacteria with high SOD activity exhibit minimal (lucigenin enhanced) chemiluminescence in the presence of paraquat whereas SOD-deficient bacteria show >90-fold higher chemiluminescence compared to parental strains.	Paraquat	119-127	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
8860956-4	1996	The DNA damage induced by the exposure to PQ alone was different from that by DMAA; PQ-induced damage was fully repaired after 24 h, while DMAA-induced damage was repaired only partially, and aphidicolin, an inhibitor of repair-serving DNA polymerases alpha, delta and/or epsilon, inhibited only the latter repair but not the former.	Paraquat	42-44	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	236-279
8860956-4	1996	The DNA damage induced by the exposure to PQ alone was different from that by DMAA; PQ-induced damage was fully repaired after 24 h, while DMAA-induced damage was repaired only partially, and aphidicolin, an inhibitor of repair-serving DNA polymerases alpha, delta and/or epsilon, inhibited only the latter repair but not the former.	Paraquat	84-86	DNA polymerase alpha 1, catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	236-279
8907645-0	1996	Hyperthermia and paraquat-induced G1 arrest in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is independent of the RAD9 gene.	Paraquat	17-25	chromatin-binding protein RAD9	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	104-108
8575453-23	1995	The specific activity with reduced methyl viologen as the electron donor was 0.55 mumol min-1 mg-1 corresponding to a catalytic number of 1.6 s-1.	Paraquat	35-50	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	88-98
8614910-0	1996	The detection of S-glutathionation of hepatic carbonic anhydrase III in rats treated with paraquat or diquat.	Paraquat	90-98	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	46-68
8720162-2	1995	Glutamic-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in plasma of mice were hardly changed by treatment with 150 micro mol/kg of PQ.	Paraquat	150-152	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	0-30
8720162-3	1995	However, significant increases in the plasma GPT and BUN levels after PQ injection were observed in mice which were pretreated with L-buthionine-SR-sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, at 4 hr prior to PQ administration.	Paraquat	215-217	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	45-48
8719170-5	1995	Results of this study showed that lungs of animals treated with paraquat were extensively damaged, as evidenced by significant increases in lung weight and decreases in lung angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and alkaline phosphatase enzyme (AKP) activities.	Paraquat	64-72	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	174-203
8719170-5	1995	Results of this study showed that lungs of animals treated with paraquat were extensively damaged, as evidenced by significant increases in lung weight and decreases in lung angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and alkaline phosphatase enzyme (AKP) activities.	Paraquat	64-72	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	205-208
8719170-6	1995	Moreover, paraquat treatment: resulted in a significant reduction in the number of neutrophils in the blood of rats with a concurrent increase in the pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity, suggestive of neutrophil infiltration in the lungs of treated animals.	Paraquat	10-18	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	160-175
8719170-8	1995	On the other hand, pretreatment of rats with alpha-tocopherol liposomes, 24 h prior to paraquat challenge, attenuated paraquat-induced changes in ACE, AKP and myeloperoxidase activities but failed to prevent increases in lung weight.	Paraquat	118-126	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	146-149
8720162-3	1995	However, significant increases in the plasma GPT and BUN levels after PQ injection were observed in mice which were pretreated with L-buthionine-SR-sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, at 4 hr prior to PQ administration.	Paraquat	70-72	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	45-48
27405831-2	1995	We found that administering a single intravenous dose (60 mg/kg) of paraquat rapidly (2 h) increased lung leak, lung lavage cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) levels, and lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in rats.	Paraquat	68-76	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	192-207
27405831-2	1995	We found that administering a single intravenous dose (60 mg/kg) of paraquat rapidly (2 h) increased lung leak, lung lavage cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) levels, and lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in rats.	Paraquat	68-76	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	209-212
27405831-5	1995	In contrast, NAC pretreated rats given paraquat had the same lung lavage CINC levels and lung tissue MPO activity as saline-pretreated rats given paraquat.	Paraquat	39-47	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	101-104
7632665-4	1995	CEF incubated with 0.25 mM-PQ for 18 h exhibited increased SOD and CAT activities and decreased GSH-Px activity compared with the control (P < 0.001).	Paraquat	26-29	catalase	Gallus gallus	67-70
7575683-9	1995	In experiments with pure gamma-GT, the oligoamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine, and cystamine proved to be acceptor substrates for gamma-GT, all having similar efficiencies (Vmax/Km); methylglyoxal-bis-(guanyl-hydrazone) and paraquat were not accepted.	Paraquat	233-241	gamma-glutamyltransferase 1	Rattus norvegicus	139-147
7662713-0	1995	Pronounced activation of protein kinase C, ornithine decarboxylase and c-jun proto-oncogene by paraquat-generated active oxygen species in WI-38 human lung cells.	Paraquat	95-103	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Homo sapiens	43-66
7662713-0	1995	Pronounced activation of protein kinase C, ornithine decarboxylase and c-jun proto-oncogene by paraquat-generated active oxygen species in WI-38 human lung cells.	Paraquat	95-103	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	71-76
8532610-3	1995	Exposure to paraquat significantly increased O2- production and relative xanthine oxidase activity (xanthine oxidase activity divided by total xanthine dehydrogenase plus xanthine oxidase) while depressing cell growth.	Paraquat	12-20	xanthine dehydrogenase	Bos taurus	143-165
7632665-6	1995	beta-Carotene (0.1 microM) reduced the CAT activity from that seen in PQ-treated cells and returned the GSH-Px activity to its control value thus protecting the cells against PQ-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	70-72	catalase	Gallus gallus	39-42
7937873-6	1994	The transformants that expressed hSOD acquired the ability to extenuate photooxidative damage induced by methyl viologen.	Paraquat	105-120	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
7744303-0	1995	Lung damage in paraquat poisoning and hyperbaric oxygen exposure: superoxide-mediated inhibition of phospholipase A2.	Paraquat	15-23	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	100-116
7744303-15	1995	Inactivation of phospholipase A2, detected in paraquat or oxygen exposed rats, could be attributed to a O2(.-)-driven Fenton reaction.	Paraquat	46-54	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	16-32
7954356-4	1994	Interestingly, a silent change at codon 27 of H-ras in one allele was detected in all 4 paraquat manufacturing workers and in 2 of 16 arsenic-related Bowen"s disease patients.	Paraquat	88-96	HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase	Homo sapiens	46-51
7539163-8	1995	The effects of paraquat on MTP opening depend on inhibition of electron transfer at Site I by rotenone, or by respiratory chain inhibition by nitric oxide, one of the proposed endogenous mediators of paraquat toxicity to the lung (Berisha, H.I., Hedayatollah, P., Absood, A., and Said, S.I.	Paraquat	15-23	microsomal triglyceride transfer protein	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
7539163-8	1995	The effects of paraquat on MTP opening depend on inhibition of electron transfer at Site I by rotenone, or by respiratory chain inhibition by nitric oxide, one of the proposed endogenous mediators of paraquat toxicity to the lung (Berisha, H.I., Hedayatollah, P., Absood, A., and Said, S.I.	Paraquat	200-208	microsomal triglyceride transfer protein	Rattus norvegicus	27-30
7731983-8	1995	Loss of ATX1 function rendered both mutant and wild-type SOD strains hypersensitive toward paraquat (a generator of superoxide anion) and was also associated with an increased sensitivity toward hydrogen peroxide.	Paraquat	91-99	copper metallochaperone ATX1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	8-12
7800476-5	1994	The antisense HAP1 transfectants exhibited a normal growth rate, cell morphology and plating efficiency, but were hypersensitive to killing by a wide range of DNA damaging agents, including methyl methanesulphonate, hydrogen peroxide, menadione, and paraquat.	Paraquat	250-258	huntingtin associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	14-18
8289809-5	1994	Expression of the Drosophila-bovine CuZnSOD transgene in the CuZnSOD-null mutant rescues male fertility and resistance to paraquat to apparently normal levels.	Paraquat	122-130	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bos taurus	36-43
7522492-6	1994	Red blood cells exposed to paraquat exhibited a concentration-dependent decrease in the t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxygen consumption and increments in either the induction period or in the activity of catalase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, with no changes in superoxide dismutase activity and a small decrement in that of glutathione peroxidase.	Paraquat	27-35	catalase	Homo sapiens	205-213
7522492-6	1994	Red blood cells exposed to paraquat exhibited a concentration-dependent decrease in the t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxygen consumption and increments in either the induction period or in the activity of catalase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, with no changes in superoxide dismutase activity and a small decrement in that of glutathione peroxidase.	Paraquat	27-35	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	218-251
7845061-6	1994	Added dietary PQ increased the rate of DNA SSB in both SAMP1@Fky and SAMR1/Fky.	Paraquat	14-16	transmembrane protein 201	Mus musculus	55-60
8289809-5	1994	Expression of the Drosophila-bovine CuZnSOD transgene in the CuZnSOD-null mutant rescues male fertility and resistance to paraquat to apparently normal levels.	Paraquat	122-130	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Bos taurus	61-68
7802545-8	1994	Cell extracts mediated the dehalogenation of PCE and of TCE with reduced methyl viologen as the electron donor at specific rates of up to 0.5 mumol (chloride released) min-1 (mg protein).-1 An abiotic reductive dehalogenation could be excluded since cell extracts heated for 10 min at 95 degrees C were inactive.	Paraquat	73-88	CD59 molecule (CD59 blood group)	Homo sapiens	168-173
20692890-5	1994	CAT activity increased with 0.25 mm PQ (P < 0.05).	Paraquat	36-38	catalase	Gallus gallus	0-3
7692291-5	1993	At the gene mutation level Gramoxone induced gene conversion at the trp-5 locus and reversion at the ilv locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.	Paraquat	27-36	tryptophan synthase TRP5	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	68-73
8123758-10	1993	This notion was also supported by our findings that a superoxide generating agent, paraquat, induced IL-8 production in human PBMC and that NAC blocked this paraquat-induced IL-8 production.	Paraquat	83-91	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	101-105
8123758-10	1993	This notion was also supported by our findings that a superoxide generating agent, paraquat, induced IL-8 production in human PBMC and that NAC blocked this paraquat-induced IL-8 production.	Paraquat	83-91	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	140-143
8123758-10	1993	This notion was also supported by our findings that a superoxide generating agent, paraquat, induced IL-8 production in human PBMC and that NAC blocked this paraquat-induced IL-8 production.	Paraquat	83-91	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	174-178
8123758-10	1993	This notion was also supported by our findings that a superoxide generating agent, paraquat, induced IL-8 production in human PBMC and that NAC blocked this paraquat-induced IL-8 production.	Paraquat	157-165	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	140-143
8123758-10	1993	This notion was also supported by our findings that a superoxide generating agent, paraquat, induced IL-8 production in human PBMC and that NAC blocked this paraquat-induced IL-8 production.	Paraquat	157-165	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	174-178
8240292-4	1993	Paraquat increased NADPH-dependent microsomal oxidation of glycerol; the stimulation was inhibited by glutathione, catalase, EDTA and desferrioxamine, but not by superoxide dismutase or hydroxyl-radical scavengers.	Paraquat	0-8	catalase	Homo sapiens	115-123
8240292-7	1993	Purified NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase did not oxidize glycerol to formaldehyde; some oxidation, however, did occur in the presence of paraquat.	Paraquat	138-146	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	9-41
8240292-11	1993	However, cytochrome P-450 is required for elevated rates of formaldehyde production even in the presence of paraquat.	Paraquat	108-116	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	9-25
8309054-5	1994	In the lung, lipid peroxide concentration decreased significantly and the activities of SOD and CAT increased at 15 hours after injection of paraquat.	Paraquat	141-149	catalase	Mus musculus	96-99
8112568-4	1993	We report here the developmental profile of GST in Drosophila melanogaster and show that GST is induced by paraquat, a known free-radical generating agent.	Paraquat	107-115	Glutathione S transferase S1	Drosophila melanogaster	44-47
8112568-4	1993	We report here the developmental profile of GST in Drosophila melanogaster and show that GST is induced by paraquat, a known free-radical generating agent.	Paraquat	107-115	Glutathione S transferase S1	Drosophila melanogaster	89-92
8238370-0	1993	Paraquat-induced lung injury: prevention by vasoactive intestinal peptide and related peptide helodermin.	Paraquat	0-8	VIP peptides	Cavia porcellus	44-73
8238370-7	1993	The results demonstrate that VIP and helodermin protect perfused guinea pig lungs against paraquat-induced injury and support the view that VIP has antioxidant activity.	Paraquat	90-98	VIP peptides	Cavia porcellus	29-32
8238370-7	1993	The results demonstrate that VIP and helodermin protect perfused guinea pig lungs against paraquat-induced injury and support the view that VIP has antioxidant activity.	Paraquat	90-98	VIP peptides	Cavia porcellus	140-143
7689565-0	1993	Cells enriched for catalase are sensitized to the toxicities of bleomycin, adriamycin, and paraquat.	Paraquat	91-99	catalase	Homo sapiens	19-27
7689565-4	1993	Desferrioxamine afforded the cells enriched for catalase modest protection from the toxicities of bleomycin, paraquat, or adriamycin, suggesting that enrichment for iron as a consequence of the increased cellular content of catalase accounted for some of the increased sensitivities.	Paraquat	109-117	catalase	Homo sapiens	48-56
7689565-5	1993	The increased sensitivity of the LFN7C/B3 cells to bleomycin and paraquat was also attributed to the ability of catalase in cells to prevent the drug-induced consumption of O2; by capturing H2O2 before it can escape the cell and converting it to O2, catalase can maintain the concentration of O2 either for repeated rounds of chemical reduction or for direct interaction with the toxin.	Paraquat	65-73	catalase	Homo sapiens	112-120
7689565-5	1993	The increased sensitivity of the LFN7C/B3 cells to bleomycin and paraquat was also attributed to the ability of catalase in cells to prevent the drug-induced consumption of O2; by capturing H2O2 before it can escape the cell and converting it to O2, catalase can maintain the concentration of O2 either for repeated rounds of chemical reduction or for direct interaction with the toxin.	Paraquat	65-73	catalase	Homo sapiens	250-258
7692291-7	1993	At the protein level, Gramoxone had detectable mutagenic effects on the genetic background of two enzymes, Adh and Est-6.	Paraquat	22-31	alcohol dehydrogenase 1A (class I), alpha polypeptide	Homo sapiens	107-110
8142610-0	1993	The pneumotoxicant paraquat induces IL-8 mRNA in human mononuclear cells and pulmonary epithelial cells.	Paraquat	19-27	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	36-40
8142610-6	1993	However, PQ potentiated the production of IL-8 in the presence of 1 ng/ml of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS).	Paraquat	9-11	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	42-46
8142610-3	1993	We have studied the effect of PQ on the expression of the neutrophil chemotactic cytokine, IL-8, by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).	Paraquat	30-32	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	91-95
8142610-8	1993	Stimulation of IL-8 mRNA by PQ was suppressed by IL-4 and by free radical scavengers (dimethylsulfoxide, mannitol).	Paraquat	28-30	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	15-19
8142610-5	1993	While PQ did stimulate the appearance of IL-8 mRNA, no significant production of IL-8 protein was detected.	Paraquat	6-8	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	41-45
8142610-8	1993	Stimulation of IL-8 mRNA by PQ was suppressed by IL-4 and by free radical scavengers (dimethylsulfoxide, mannitol).	Paraquat	28-30	interleukin 4	Homo sapiens	49-53
8367458-2	1993	Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains lacking copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, which is encoded by the SOD1 gene, are sensitive to oxidative stress and exhibit a variety of growth defects including hypersensitivity to dioxygen and to superoxide-generating drugs such as paraquat.	Paraquat	266-274	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	99-103
8142610-9	1993	Increased IL-8 expression by PQ was also observed in the human pulmonary epithelial cell line A549 indicating that the effect of PQ was not specific for PBMC.	Paraquat	29-31	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	10-14
8142610-9	1993	Increased IL-8 expression by PQ was also observed in the human pulmonary epithelial cell line A549 indicating that the effect of PQ was not specific for PBMC.	Paraquat	129-131	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	10-14
8142610-10	1993	These findings suggest that IL-8 might be involved in the pulmonary effects of PQ and that its production might be stimulated following an oxidative insult, and might clarify the pathogenetic mechanisms of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or oxidant-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	79-81	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	28-32
8317554-7	1993	Enzyme induction with paraquat, adriamycin, or bleomycin was inhibitable by neutralizing antibody to interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor, suggesting that the inductions observed with these three drugs are due to the distal mediators, interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor released from the cells.	Paraquat	22-30	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	119-140
8378935-7	1993	Paraquat uptake was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by the putative calmodulin antagonist W-7, but was not affected by KN-62, a Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II specific inhibitor.	Paraquat	0-8	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	71-81
8378935-7	1993	Paraquat uptake was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by the putative calmodulin antagonist W-7, but was not affected by KN-62, a Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II specific inhibitor.	Paraquat	0-8	calmodulin 1	Rattus norvegicus	136-146
8317554-7	1993	Enzyme induction with paraquat, adriamycin, or bleomycin was inhibitable by neutralizing antibody to interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor, suggesting that the inductions observed with these three drugs are due to the distal mediators, interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor released from the cells.	Paraquat	22-30	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	238-276
8350650-1	1993	A mutant of rad-8, originally isolated on the basis of its hypersensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, is also hypersensitive to oxygen and methyl viologen, a superoxide-anion generator.	Paraquat	139-154	Reticulon-4-interacting protein 1, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	12-17
8333551-4	1993	Acute survival during paraquat exposure (0-500 microM) was significantly improved in CHO cells expressing human Mn SOD, with 71% of recombinant CHO cells surviving at the 50% lethal dose (LD50) for wild-type CHO controls.	Paraquat	22-30	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	112-118
8417979-4	1993	Induction by paraquat was modest, about 50% for SOD1 and 100% for SOD2; it was apparently independent of the respiratory chain function.	Paraquat	13-21	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	48-52
8388564-0	1993	PGI2 production and angiotensin converting enzyme activity in cultured porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells treated with paraquat.	Paraquat	127-135	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	20-49
8388564-5	1993	The thrombin- and bradykinin-stimulated production of prostacyclin (PGI2) by PPAEC was significantly enhanced, and the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity of cell lysate of PPAEC was significantly suppressed after incubation for 24 h with 10(-4) M PQ.	Paraquat	257-259	coagulation factor II, thrombin	Homo sapiens	4-12
8388564-5	1993	The thrombin- and bradykinin-stimulated production of prostacyclin (PGI2) by PPAEC was significantly enhanced, and the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity of cell lysate of PPAEC was significantly suppressed after incubation for 24 h with 10(-4) M PQ.	Paraquat	257-259	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	119-148
8388564-5	1993	The thrombin- and bradykinin-stimulated production of prostacyclin (PGI2) by PPAEC was significantly enhanced, and the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity of cell lysate of PPAEC was significantly suppressed after incubation for 24 h with 10(-4) M PQ.	Paraquat	257-259	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	150-153
8442664-4	1993	In different transgenic lines, overexpression of SOD by 32-42% above normal had either a minor and/or an insignificant effect on life span of the flies and their ability to withstand experimental oxidative stress, induced by paraquat intake and exposure to hyperoxia (100% oxygen).	Paraquat	225-233	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	49-52
8385836-4	1993	Serum angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity of the PQ-treated dogs was elevated during days 1-3.	Paraquat	61-63	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	6-37
8385836-4	1993	Serum angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity of the PQ-treated dogs was elevated during days 1-3.	Paraquat	61-63	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	39-43
8385836-5	1993	Lung AICE activity of the PQ-treated dogs was slightly lower than the control group.	Paraquat	26-28	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	5-9
8417979-4	1993	Induction by paraquat was modest, about 50% for SOD1 and 100% for SOD2; it was apparently independent of the respiratory chain function.	Paraquat	13-21	superoxide dismutase SOD2	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	66-70
8437574-7	1993	Nitrite reductase activity, measured with dithionite-reduced methyl viologen as electron donor, of the nitrate-treated homozygous nir1 mutant was much reduced but NADH-nitrate reductase activity was elevated compared to wild-type plants.	Paraquat	61-76	PITPNM family member 3	Homo sapiens	130-134
8432266-5	1993	In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), paraquat treatment alone was found to elevate lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and content of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactants; lung homogenate from this treatment group showed diminution in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and in content of nonprotein sulfhydryl groups (NPSH) on Days 1 and 5.	Paraquat	40-48	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	269-277
8432266-5	1993	In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), paraquat treatment alone was found to elevate lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and content of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactants; lung homogenate from this treatment group showed diminution in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and in content of nonprotein sulfhydryl groups (NPSH) on Days 1 and 5.	Paraquat	40-48	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	279-282
8432266-7	1993	With combined exposure to paraquat and radiation, there was more marked and more prolonged depression of the three parameters (SOD, CAT, and NPSH) of lung antioxidant defense and synergic increase in BALF content of TBA reactants and LDH activity.	Paraquat	26-34	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	132-135
1480553-2	1992	Paraquat (0.1-1.0 mumol) injected into the dorsal hippocampus, produced limbic motor seizures within a few minutes of injection followed by neuronal damage in the CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cell layers, pyriform cortex, dentate granule cell layer and in the hilus fascia dentata at 24 hr (n = 9 rats).	Paraquat	0-8	carbonic anhydrase 1	Rattus norvegicus	163-166
1480553-2	1992	Paraquat (0.1-1.0 mumol) injected into the dorsal hippocampus, produced limbic motor seizures within a few minutes of injection followed by neuronal damage in the CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cell layers, pyriform cortex, dentate granule cell layer and in the hilus fascia dentata at 24 hr (n = 9 rats).	Paraquat	0-8	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	171-174
1882122-1	1991	Paraquat stimulated NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation in mouse brain microsomes, while it suppressed lipid peroxidation induced by NADPH plus ascorbate.	Paraquat	0-8	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	20-25
1509687-4	1992	In ancillary in vitro experiments with a paraquat-based free radical system, where glutathione reductase and NADPH were used as sources of enzymic activity for the redox cycling of paraquat, desferrioxamine effectively prevented the formation of hydroxyl radicals, as determined by deoxyribose degradation.	Paraquat	41-49	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	83-104
1414690-2	1992	We have studied the effect of paraquat (PQ), a well-known pneumotoxicant, on IL-1 and TNF production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from different healthy donors stimulated with endotoxin.	Paraquat	30-38	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	77-81
1414690-2	1992	We have studied the effect of paraquat (PQ), a well-known pneumotoxicant, on IL-1 and TNF production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from different healthy donors stimulated with endotoxin.	Paraquat	30-38	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	86-89
1414690-2	1992	We have studied the effect of paraquat (PQ), a well-known pneumotoxicant, on IL-1 and TNF production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from different healthy donors stimulated with endotoxin.	Paraquat	40-42	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	77-81
1414690-2	1992	We have studied the effect of paraquat (PQ), a well-known pneumotoxicant, on IL-1 and TNF production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from different healthy donors stimulated with endotoxin.	Paraquat	40-42	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	86-89
1414690-3	1992	PQ (100 microM) potentiated IL-1 production (2-40 fold) and TNF production (2-18 fold).	Paraquat	0-2	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	28-32
1414690-3	1992	PQ (100 microM) potentiated IL-1 production (2-40 fold) and TNF production (2-18 fold).	Paraquat	0-2	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	60-63
1414690-4	1992	It is, therefore, possible that IL-1 and TNF are also involved in the pneumotoxic action of PQ.	Paraquat	92-94	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	32-36
1414690-4	1992	It is, therefore, possible that IL-1 and TNF are also involved in the pneumotoxic action of PQ.	Paraquat	92-94	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	41-44
1740238-5	1992	Furthermore, the protective effect of CuZnSOD at the DNA level, as shown by reduced thymine glycol generation, was demonstrated in paraquat-treated transgenic fibroblasts.	Paraquat	131-139	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	38-45
1304446-6	1992	Administration of paraquat resulted in a significant decrease in plasma activities of transaminase enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and liver transketolase.	Paraquat	18-26	transketolase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	139-152
1332917-12	1992	Although paraquat at high concentrations is toxic to the cells, it actually showed a protective effect against VSV infection, and an inverse relationship (r = 0.79, r less than 0.025) between cell survival and CuZnSOD activity was observed with 150 mM paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	9-17	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	210-217
1959661-0	1991	Overproduction of human Mn-superoxide dismutase modulates paraquat-mediated toxicity in mammalian cells.	Paraquat	58-66	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	24-47
1661345-0	1991	[Arachidonic acid metabolism and angiotensin converting enzyme activity by cultured porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells are affected with paraquat].	Paraquat	145-153	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	33-62
1661345-5	1991	Thrombin- or bradykinin-stimulated PGI2 production was enhanced significantly, and the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity of cell lysate of PPAEC was significantly suppressed after a 24-hour incubation with 10(-4) M of paraquat.	Paraquat	229-237	kininogen 1	Homo sapiens	13-23
1661345-5	1991	Thrombin- or bradykinin-stimulated PGI2 production was enhanced significantly, and the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity of cell lysate of PPAEC was significantly suppressed after a 24-hour incubation with 10(-4) M of paraquat.	Paraquat	229-237	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	87-116
1661345-5	1991	Thrombin- or bradykinin-stimulated PGI2 production was enhanced significantly, and the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity of cell lysate of PPAEC was significantly suppressed after a 24-hour incubation with 10(-4) M of paraquat.	Paraquat	229-237	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	118-121
1882122-3	1991	However, NEM attenuated the inhibitory effect of paraquat on lipid peroxidation elicited by NADPH in combination with ascorbate.	Paraquat	49-57	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	92-97
1333208-3	1992	Results of this study showed that lungs of animals treated with paraquat were damaged extensively as evidenced by an increase in lung weight and a significant reduction in lung angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and cytochrome P450 concentration.	Paraquat	64-72	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	177-206
1333208-3	1992	Results of this study showed that lungs of animals treated with paraquat were damaged extensively as evidenced by an increase in lung weight and a significant reduction in lung angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and cytochrome P450 concentration.	Paraquat	64-72	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	208-211
1333208-6	1992	On the other hand, pretreatment of rats with DPPC/alpha-tocopherol liposomes 24 hr prior to paraquat challenge resulted in a significant increase in pulmonary alpha-tocopherol concentrations and antagonized paraquat-induced changes in lipid peroxidation, GSH/GSSG ratio, lung ACE activity and cytochrome P450 concentrations.	Paraquat	207-215	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	276-279
1398214-4	1992	Paraquat or O2 inhibition is alleviated respectively by desferrioxamine-Mn (a SOD mimic) and tocopherol.	Paraquat	0-8	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	78-81
1516816-6	1992	Most significantly, expression of the maize Sod3 transgene in yeast rendered the transformed yeast cells resistant to paraquat-induced oxidative stress by complementing the MnSOD deficiency.	Paraquat	118-126	superoxide dismutase [Mn] 3.1, mitochondrial	Zea mays	44-48
1315736-7	1992	Treatment of animals with paraquat markedly enhanced the reduction of the circulating SMAC.	Paraquat	26-34	diablo, IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
1602667-8	1992	It was suggested that SOD was consumed to neutralize the paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	57-65	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	22-25
1332917-12	1992	Although paraquat at high concentrations is toxic to the cells, it actually showed a protective effect against VSV infection, and an inverse relationship (r = 0.79, r less than 0.025) between cell survival and CuZnSOD activity was observed with 150 mM paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	252-260	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	210-217
1663675-8	1991	The mechanism can be explained in terms of inhibition of phospholipase A2 activity, which may increase the accumulation of hydroperoxide, produced by paraquat redox cycling upon lipid membranes.	Paraquat	150-158	phospholipase A2 group IB	Rattus norvegicus	57-73
1882122-1	1991	Paraquat stimulated NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation in mouse brain microsomes, while it suppressed lipid peroxidation induced by NADPH plus ascorbate.	Paraquat	0-8	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	132-137
1851671-0	1991	Paraquat depresses the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme expressed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells in culture.	Paraquat	0-8	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	35-64
1907736-4	1991	There was no apparent correlation between the effects of paraquat on the lipid peroxidation and on the activity of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, the enzyme which initiates redox cycling of paraquat, resulting in generation of active oxygen species.	Paraquat	193-201	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Mus musculus	115-147
1851671-1	1991	The activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in cell lysate of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) after a 24-hour incubation with 10(-3) and 10(-4)M of paraquat (PQ) was decreased.	Paraquat	180-188	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	16-45
1851671-1	1991	The activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in cell lysate of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) after a 24-hour incubation with 10(-3) and 10(-4)M of paraquat (PQ) was decreased.	Paraquat	180-188	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	47-50
1851671-1	1991	The activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in cell lysate of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) after a 24-hour incubation with 10(-3) and 10(-4)M of paraquat (PQ) was decreased.	Paraquat	190-192	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	16-45
1851671-1	1991	The activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in cell lysate of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) after a 24-hour incubation with 10(-3) and 10(-4)M of paraquat (PQ) was decreased.	Paraquat	190-192	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	47-50
1851671-4	1991	We showed in this report that ACE was decreased even at an early stage of endothelial injury induced by PQ, when LDH release is not yet increased.	Paraquat	104-106	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Homo sapiens	30-33
1839629-6	1991	Among the ten drugs, CCl4, alcohol, paraquat, phenobarbital, thiopental and methylcholanthrene caused the TBA values to increase, and the phosphoglucomutase activity to decrease, in the liver 24 h after the doses.	Paraquat	36-44	C-C motif chemokine ligand 4	Rattus norvegicus	21-25
1899285-7	1991	Our data show that expression of enzymatically active bovine SOD in Drosophila flies confers resistance to paraquat, an O2(-)-generating compound.	Paraquat	107-115	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	61-64
2040021-1	1991	A study has been made of factors which may influence the induction of metallothionein-I (MT-I) synthesis by the superoxide radical generating agent, paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	149-157	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-87
2040021-1	1991	A study has been made of factors which may influence the induction of metallothionein-I (MT-I) synthesis by the superoxide radical generating agent, paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	149-157	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-93
2040021-1	1991	A study has been made of factors which may influence the induction of metallothionein-I (MT-I) synthesis by the superoxide radical generating agent, paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	159-161	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	70-87
2040021-1	1991	A study has been made of factors which may influence the induction of metallothionein-I (MT-I) synthesis by the superoxide radical generating agent, paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	159-161	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-93
2040021-2	1991	Hepatic concentrations of zinc (Zn) and MT-I increased in rats injected with PQ (40 mg/kg, s.c.) or fasting, but were greater in the former.	Paraquat	77-79	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
2040021-4	1991	The data suggest that the increase in MT-I concentrations in PQ-treated rats is not caused by reduction in food intake.	Paraquat	61-63	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-42
2040021-5	1991	Administration of PQ increased hepatic concentrations of Zn, MT-I and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS), indicating the occurrence of lipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	18-20	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-65
2383659-4	1990	We have found that significant induction of SOD activity occurs in PBL incubated in vitro with paraquat, an agent known to cause intracellular O2- production.	Paraquat	95-103	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	44-47
1846247-1	1991	Dose-dependent changes in the concentration of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in rat tissues were determined following subcutaneous administration of paraquat (PQ), a superoxide radical-generating agent.	Paraquat	144-152	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-64
1846247-1	1991	Dose-dependent changes in the concentration of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in rat tissues were determined following subcutaneous administration of paraquat (PQ), a superoxide radical-generating agent.	Paraquat	144-152	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-70
1846247-1	1991	Dose-dependent changes in the concentration of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in rat tissues were determined following subcutaneous administration of paraquat (PQ), a superoxide radical-generating agent.	Paraquat	154-156	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-64
1846247-1	1991	Dose-dependent changes in the concentration of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in rat tissues were determined following subcutaneous administration of paraquat (PQ), a superoxide radical-generating agent.	Paraquat	154-156	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-70
1846247-3	1991	MT-1 concentrations in the lung increased linearly with PQ dose.	Paraquat	56-58	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
1846247-7	1991	PQ-induced MT-1 synthesis may reflect de novo protein synthesis, since the increase in MT-1 in the liver was reduced by pretreatment of the rats with actinomycin D.	Paraquat	0-2	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	11-15
1846247-7	1991	PQ-induced MT-1 synthesis may reflect de novo protein synthesis, since the increase in MT-1 in the liver was reduced by pretreatment of the rats with actinomycin D.	Paraquat	0-2	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-91
2124383-1	1990	When paraquat was incubated with mouse brain microsomes in the presence of NADPH, a Nash-reagent-reactive substance (NRRS) (but not formalin) was produced.	Paraquat	5-13	2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	75-80
2175929-5	1990	We conclude that paraquat inhibits the lipid peroxidation mediated by the radical intermediate of CCl4 by inhibiting the mixed function oxidase system.	Paraquat	17-25	C-C motif chemokine 4	Cavia porcellus	98-102
33812688-0	2021	Corrigendum to "Aspirin eugenol ester ameliorates paraquat-induced oxidative damage through ROS/p38-MAPK-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway" [Toxicology 453 (2021) 152721].	Paraquat	50-58	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	96-104
2233820-1	1990	A methyl viologen (paraquat)-sensitive mutant, mev-1 (LG III), in Caenorhabditis elegans was about 4 times more sensitive to methyl viologen than the wild type.	Paraquat	2-17	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	47-52
2233820-1	1990	A methyl viologen (paraquat)-sensitive mutant, mev-1 (LG III), in Caenorhabditis elegans was about 4 times more sensitive to methyl viologen than the wild type.	Paraquat	19-27	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	47-52
2233820-1	1990	A methyl viologen (paraquat)-sensitive mutant, mev-1 (LG III), in Caenorhabditis elegans was about 4 times more sensitive to methyl viologen than the wild type.	Paraquat	125-140	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	47-52
2303205-1	1990	Paraquat, a useful contact herbicide is now used in over 130 countries of the world, including Sri Lanka.	Paraquat	0-8	sorcin	Homo sapiens	95-98
2328151-3	1990	Plasma paraquat concentration exhibited a mean distribution half-life (t1/2 alpha) of 5 h and a mean elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) of 84 h. Cardiovascular collapse supervened early during the course of the intoxication and was associated with the distribution phase.	Paraquat	7-15	interleukin 1 receptor like 1	Homo sapiens	71-81
2328151-3	1990	Plasma paraquat concentration exhibited a mean distribution half-life (t1/2 alpha) of 5 h and a mean elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) of 84 h. Cardiovascular collapse supervened early during the course of the intoxication and was associated with the distribution phase.	Paraquat	7-15	interleukin 1 receptor like 1	Homo sapiens	124-133
2394848-0	1990	Selective vulnerability of hippocampal CA3 neurones after microinfusion of paraquat into the rat substantia nigra or into the ventral tegmental area.	Paraquat	75-83	carbonic anhydrase 3	Rattus norvegicus	39-42
2384057-4	1990	This was reflected in kinetic studies using lung and liver microsomes, which showed that NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase had a lower affinity (Km) for paraquat and nitrofurantoin than for menadione and diquat, although values of Vmax were comparable for all the substrates except nitrofurantoin, which was lower.	Paraquat	152-160	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Rattus norvegicus	89-121
33801256-7	2021	PQ binds BSA mainly according to an electrostatics-driven process.	Paraquat	0-2	albumin	Bos taurus	9-12
25891457-0	2015	[Inhibition of pulmonary nuclear factor -KappaB and tumor necrosis factor -alpha expression by diallyl sulfide in rats with paraquat poisoning].	Paraquat	124-132	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	15-80
32795487-0	2020	Paraquat induces pulmonary fibrosis through Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and myofibroblast differentiation.	Paraquat	0-8	Wnt family member 3A	Rattus norvegicus	44-47
32795487-0	2020	Paraquat induces pulmonary fibrosis through Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and myofibroblast differentiation.	Paraquat	0-8	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-60
32795487-2	2020	Our study aimed to investigate the functions of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	80-82	Wnt family member 3A	Rattus norvegicus	52-55
32795487-2	2020	Our study aimed to investigate the functions of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	80-82	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	56-68
32795487-3	2020	By comparing the proteomic profiles of rat lung tissues using protein array in the absence or presence of PQ, the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, as a fibrosis-related pathway, was discovered to be profoundly activated by PQ.	Paraquat	218-220	Wnt family member 3A	Rattus norvegicus	114-117
32795487-3	2020	By comparing the proteomic profiles of rat lung tissues using protein array in the absence or presence of PQ, the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, as a fibrosis-related pathway, was discovered to be profoundly activated by PQ.	Paraquat	218-220	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-130
32795487-4	2020	The protein levels of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling components including MMP-2, beta-catenin, Wnt3a, Wnt10b, Cyclin D1, and WISP1 were increased in PQ-treated rat lung tissues.	Paraquat	145-147	Wnt family member 3A	Rattus norvegicus	22-25
32795487-4	2020	The protein levels of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling components including MMP-2, beta-catenin, Wnt3a, Wnt10b, Cyclin D1, and WISP1 were increased in PQ-treated rat lung tissues.	Paraquat	145-147	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	26-38
32795487-4	2020	The protein levels of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling components including MMP-2, beta-catenin, Wnt3a, Wnt10b, Cyclin D1, and WISP1 were increased in PQ-treated rat lung tissues.	Paraquat	145-147	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	70-75
32795487-4	2020	The protein levels of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling components including MMP-2, beta-catenin, Wnt3a, Wnt10b, Cyclin D1, and WISP1 were increased in PQ-treated rat lung tissues.	Paraquat	145-147	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	77-89
32795487-4	2020	The protein levels of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling components including MMP-2, beta-catenin, Wnt3a, Wnt10b, Cyclin D1, and WISP1 were increased in PQ-treated rat lung tissues.	Paraquat	145-147	Wnt family member 3A	Rattus norvegicus	91-96
32795487-4	2020	The protein levels of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling components including MMP-2, beta-catenin, Wnt3a, Wnt10b, Cyclin D1, and WISP1 were increased in PQ-treated rat lung tissues.	Paraquat	145-147	Wnt family member 10B	Rattus norvegicus	98-104
32795487-4	2020	The protein levels of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling components including MMP-2, beta-catenin, Wnt3a, Wnt10b, Cyclin D1, and WISP1 were increased in PQ-treated rat lung tissues.	Paraquat	145-147	cyclin D1	Rattus norvegicus	106-115
32795487-4	2020	The protein levels of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling components including MMP-2, beta-catenin, Wnt3a, Wnt10b, Cyclin D1, and WISP1 were increased in PQ-treated rat lung tissues.	Paraquat	145-147	cellular communication network factor 4	Rattus norvegicus	121-126
32795487-5	2020	Surprisingly, PQ was found to be able to promote lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts differentiating into myofibroblasts by activating Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.	Paraquat	14-16	Wnt family member 3A	Rattus norvegicus	137-140
32795487-5	2020	Surprisingly, PQ was found to be able to promote lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts differentiating into myofibroblasts by activating Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.	Paraquat	14-16	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-153
32795487-6	2020	Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), an antagonist of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, could inhibit the myofibroblast differentiation and attenuate PQ-induced pulmonary fibrogenesis in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	134-136	dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
32795487-6	2020	Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), an antagonist of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, could inhibit the myofibroblast differentiation and attenuate PQ-induced pulmonary fibrogenesis in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	134-136	dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	12-16
32795487-7	2020	The expression levels of fibroblasts markers Vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and Collagen I was detected and found to be increased when PQ treated and restored with additional DKK1 treatment.	Paraquat	152-154	vimentin	Rattus norvegicus	45-53
32795487-7	2020	The expression levels of fibroblasts markers Vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and Collagen I was detected and found to be increased when PQ treated and restored with additional DKK1 treatment.	Paraquat	152-154	actin gamma 2, smooth muscle	Rattus norvegicus	55-80
32795487-7	2020	The expression levels of fibroblasts markers Vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and Collagen I was detected and found to be increased when PQ treated and restored with additional DKK1 treatment.	Paraquat	152-154	dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	192-196
32795487-8	2020	In summary, these assays indicated that Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway played a regulatory role in the differentiation of lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts, and the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis related to PQ.	Paraquat	219-221	Wnt family member 3A	Rattus norvegicus	40-43
32795487-8	2020	In summary, these assays indicated that Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway played a regulatory role in the differentiation of lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts, and the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis related to PQ.	Paraquat	219-221	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	44-56
32362253-1	2020	The Arabidopsis mutant rcd1 is tolerant to methyl viologen (MV).	Paraquat	43-58	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	23-27
32362253-1	2020	The Arabidopsis mutant rcd1 is tolerant to methyl viologen (MV).	Paraquat	60-62	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	23-27
33233960-0	2020	Aberrant miR-219-5p is correlated with TLR4 and serves as a novel biomarker in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome caused by acute paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	145-153	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	39-43
33233960-1	2020	This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of serum microRNA-219-5p (miR-219-5p) in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) caused by acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning, and its correlation with Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4).	Paraquat	182-184	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	222-242
34463846-0	2022	Tenascin-C Participates Pulmonary Injury Induced by Paraquat Through Regulating TLR4 and TGF-beta Signaling Pathways.	Paraquat	52-60	tenascin C	Mus musculus	0-10
23997112-0	2013	Impairment of Atg5-dependent autophagic flux promotes paraquat- and MPP+-induced apoptosis but not rotenone or 6-hydroxydopamine toxicity.	Paraquat	54-62	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	14-18
23997112-7	2013	Stimulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent signaling protected against cell death induced by paraquat, whereas MPP+-induced toxicity was enhanced by wortmannin, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase class III inhibitor, rapamycin, and trehalose, an mTOR-independent autophagy activator.	Paraquat	112-120	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	15-44
23997112-7	2013	Stimulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent signaling protected against cell death induced by paraquat, whereas MPP+-induced toxicity was enhanced by wortmannin, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase class III inhibitor, rapamycin, and trehalose, an mTOR-independent autophagy activator.	Paraquat	112-120	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	46-50
23997112-10	2013	Finally, inhibition of the lysosomal hydrolases, cathepsins, increased the toxicity by paraquat and MPP+, supporting a protective role of Atg5-dependent autophagy and lysosomes degradation pathways on dopaminegic cell death.	Paraquat	87-95	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	138-142
23997112-11	2013	These results demonstrate that in dopaminergic cells, Atg5-dependent autophagy acts as a protective mechanism during apoptotic cell death induced by paraquat and MPP+ but not during rotenone or 6-OHDA toxicity.	Paraquat	149-157	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	54-58
34896679-4	2022	In this paper, an efficient SERS platform based on cactus-inspired nanoparticles is proposed for sensitive detection of paraquat.	Paraquat	120-128	seryl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	28-32
34896679-9	2022	Furthermore, it behaved good linear relationship with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 96.89% between Raman intensities and concentrations of paraquat, which indicates the SERS substrate prepared with cactus-liked nanoparticles could offer a great potential for identification of paraquat.	Paraquat	143-151	seryl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial	Homo sapiens	173-177
34463846-8	2022	In vitro, PQ exposure also increased the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, and TGF-beta1 in A549 cells, but knocking down TNC gene expression obviously down-regulated the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, NF-kappaB Pp65, and TGF-beta1.	Paraquat	10-12	tenascin C	Mus musculus	124-127
34463846-8	2022	In vitro, PQ exposure also increased the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, and TGF-beta1 in A549 cells, but knocking down TNC gene expression obviously down-regulated the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, NF-kappaB Pp65, and TGF-beta1.	Paraquat	10-12	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	188-192
34463846-8	2022	In vitro, PQ exposure also increased the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, and TGF-beta1 in A549 cells, but knocking down TNC gene expression obviously down-regulated the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, NF-kappaB Pp65, and TGF-beta1.	Paraquat	10-12	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	204-207
34463846-8	2022	In vitro, PQ exposure also increased the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, and TGF-beta1 in A549 cells, but knocking down TNC gene expression obviously down-regulated the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, NF-kappaB Pp65, and TGF-beta1.	Paraquat	10-12	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	229-238
34463846-9	2022	The results of this study demonstrate, for the first time, that TNC participates in the development of lung injury induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	126-128	tenascin C	Mus musculus	64-67
19501168-6	2009	Real-time RT-PCR assay was used to detect the zMn-SOD mRNA expression during the developmental stages following a challenge with paraquat.	Paraquat	129-137	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Danio rerio	46-53
19501168-7	2009	A high level expression of Mn-SOD mRNA was detected at the cleavage stage, but decreased significantly under paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	109-117	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Danio rerio	27-33
34463846-0	2022	Tenascin-C Participates Pulmonary Injury Induced by Paraquat Through Regulating TLR4 and TGF-beta Signaling Pathways.	Paraquat	52-60	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	80-84
34463846-0	2022	Tenascin-C Participates Pulmonary Injury Induced by Paraquat Through Regulating TLR4 and TGF-beta Signaling Pathways.	Paraquat	52-60	transforming growth factor alpha	Mus musculus	89-97
34463846-1	2022	This study was conducted to investigate the role of Tenascin-C (TNC) in paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury in vivo and in vitro and explore its related mechanism during this process.	Paraquat	72-80	tenascin C	Mus musculus	52-62
34463846-1	2022	This study was conducted to investigate the role of Tenascin-C (TNC) in paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury in vivo and in vitro and explore its related mechanism during this process.	Paraquat	72-80	tenascin C	Mus musculus	64-67
34463846-1	2022	This study was conducted to investigate the role of Tenascin-C (TNC) in paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury in vivo and in vitro and explore its related mechanism during this process.	Paraquat	82-84	tenascin C	Mus musculus	52-62
34463846-1	2022	This study was conducted to investigate the role of Tenascin-C (TNC) in paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury in vivo and in vitro and explore its related mechanism during this process.	Paraquat	82-84	tenascin C	Mus musculus	64-67
34463846-6	2022	TNC expression increased in both lung tissues of mice model and A549 cells after PQ administration.	Paraquat	81-83	tenascin C	Mus musculus	0-3
34687681-8	2022	Methyl viologen significantly inhibited the performance of ARP, and this verified the role of CO2 - in this ARP.	Paraquat	0-15	complement C2	Homo sapiens	94-97
34463846-8	2022	In vitro, PQ exposure also increased the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, and TGF-beta1 in A549 cells, but knocking down TNC gene expression obviously down-regulated the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, NF-kappaB Pp65, and TGF-beta1.	Paraquat	10-12	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	56-60
34463846-8	2022	In vitro, PQ exposure also increased the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, and TGF-beta1 in A549 cells, but knocking down TNC gene expression obviously down-regulated the expressions of TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, NF-kappaB Pp65, and TGF-beta1.	Paraquat	10-12	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	81-90
34913070-11	2022	In addition, the results showed that 5-ASA attenuated the upregulation of transforming growth factor-beta1 and phosphorylated-SMAD3, and the reduction of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma induced by PQ in lung tissue of rats and human lung fibroblast WI-38 VA13 cells.	Paraquat	214-216	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	154-202
34913070-12	2022	In conclusion, the results suggested that 5-ASA had an alleviating effect on PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, partly by suppressing the activation of the TGF-beta1 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	77-79	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	152-161
34748255-2	2022	Here we show that calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase CIPK9 along with its interacting partner VDAC3 identified in the present study are involved in mediating plant responses to methyl viologen (MV).	Paraquat	188-203	CBL-interacting protein kinase 9	Arabidopsis thaliana	64-69
34838710-7	2022	In agreement, EA supplementation reduces serum pro-inflammatory levels, ameliorates inflammatory cells infiltration into hepatic tissue, which are associated with suppressed NF-kappaB signaling during paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	201-209	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	174-183
34838710-8	2022	In addition, EA supplementation significantly improves activities of antioxidative enzymes which were correlated with activated Nrf2/Keap 1 signaling during paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	157-165	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	128-132
34838710-8	2022	In addition, EA supplementation significantly improves activities of antioxidative enzymes which were correlated with activated Nrf2/Keap 1 signaling during paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	157-165	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	133-139
34762280-5	2022	RESULTS: We observed that LPS increased, while PQ decreased body temperature and microglia CD11b expression in the SN.	Paraquat	47-49	integrin subunit alpha M	Rattus norvegicus	91-96
34762280-9	2022	The expression of alpha-synuclein decreased after repeated LPS injections, while only combined, repeated LPS and PQ treatment lowered the levels of synphilin-1.	Paraquat	113-115	synuclein, alpha interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	148-159
34839230-8	2022	In addition, PQ exposure reduced the active mitochondria levels, but apparently increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS), rH2AX, and LC3 (autophagy marker) levels.	Paraquat	13-15	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	136-139
34863858-5	2022	The results showed that the cell activation markers (iNOS and CD206) of BV-2 cells were increased after PQ treatment, suggesting that BV-2 microglia were activated.	Paraquat	104-106	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	53-57
34863858-5	2022	The results showed that the cell activation markers (iNOS and CD206) of BV-2 cells were increased after PQ treatment, suggesting that BV-2 microglia were activated.	Paraquat	104-106	mannose receptor, C type 1	Mus musculus	62-67
34863858-6	2022	PQ induced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibited the AKT1 phosphorylation in BV-2 cells.	Paraquat	0-2	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	63-67
34863858-7	2022	Besides, the M1 markers expression (IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) were significantly increased after PQ treatment, which suggested that PQ induced the increase of M1 phenotype of BV-2 microglia.	Paraquat	101-103	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	36-40
34863858-7	2022	Besides, the M1 markers expression (IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) were significantly increased after PQ treatment, which suggested that PQ induced the increase of M1 phenotype of BV-2 microglia.	Paraquat	101-103	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	42-51
34863858-7	2022	Besides, the M1 markers expression (IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) were significantly increased after PQ treatment, which suggested that PQ induced the increase of M1 phenotype of BV-2 microglia.	Paraquat	101-103	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	56-64
34863858-7	2022	Besides, the M1 markers expression (IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) were significantly increased after PQ treatment, which suggested that PQ induced the increase of M1 phenotype of BV-2 microglia.	Paraquat	136-138	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	36-40
34863858-7	2022	Besides, the M1 markers expression (IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) were significantly increased after PQ treatment, which suggested that PQ induced the increase of M1 phenotype of BV-2 microglia.	Paraquat	136-138	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	42-51
34863858-7	2022	Besides, the M1 markers expression (IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) were significantly increased after PQ treatment, which suggested that PQ induced the increase of M1 phenotype of BV-2 microglia.	Paraquat	136-138	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	56-64
34863858-10	2022	The Akt1 (S473E) partially attenuated the PQ induced increase in M1 phenotype, while ROS did not significantly change.	Paraquat	42-44	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	4-8
34863858-11	2022	These results indicated that PQ induced BV-2 microglia activation by increased ROS mediated Akt1 activation inhibition, leading to neuroinflammation.	Paraquat	29-31	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	92-96
34748255-2	2022	Here we show that calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase CIPK9 along with its interacting partner VDAC3 identified in the present study are involved in mediating plant responses to methyl viologen (MV).	Paraquat	188-203	voltage dependent anion channel 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	105-110
34655599-10	2021	NAR treatment significantly modulated PQ-induced mRNA expressions of DRD2, DAT, LRRK2, SNCA, beta-catenin, caspase-3, BDNF genes.	Paraquat	38-40	dopamine receptor D2	Rattus norvegicus	69-73
34655599-10	2021	NAR treatment significantly modulated PQ-induced mRNA expressions of DRD2, DAT, LRRK2, SNCA, beta-catenin, caspase-3, BDNF genes.	Paraquat	38-40	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Rattus norvegicus	75-78
34655599-10	2021	NAR treatment significantly modulated PQ-induced mRNA expressions of DRD2, DAT, LRRK2, SNCA, beta-catenin, caspase-3, BDNF genes.	Paraquat	38-40	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	80-85
34655599-10	2021	NAR treatment significantly modulated PQ-induced mRNA expressions of DRD2, DAT, LRRK2, SNCA, beta-catenin, caspase-3, BDNF genes.	Paraquat	38-40	synuclein alpha	Rattus norvegicus	87-91
34655599-10	2021	NAR treatment significantly modulated PQ-induced mRNA expressions of DRD2, DAT, LRRK2, SNCA, beta-catenin, caspase-3, BDNF genes.	Paraquat	38-40	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	93-105
34655599-10	2021	NAR treatment significantly modulated PQ-induced mRNA expressions of DRD2, DAT, LRRK2, SNCA, beta-catenin, caspase-3, BDNF genes.	Paraquat	38-40	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	107-116
34655599-10	2021	NAR treatment significantly modulated PQ-induced mRNA expressions of DRD2, DAT, LRRK2, SNCA, beta-catenin, caspase-3, BDNF genes.	Paraquat	38-40	brain-derived neurotrophic factor	Rattus norvegicus	118-122
34599589-0	2021	A dual role for glutathione transferase U7 in plant growth and protection from methyl viologen-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	79-94	glutathione S-transferase PHI 9	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-39
34599589-5	2021	To further study the function of GSTU7, we characterized its role in mitigation of oxidative damage caused by the herbicide methyl viologen (MV).	Paraquat	124-139	glutathione S-transferase tau 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-38
34599589-5	2021	To further study the function of GSTU7, we characterized its role in mitigation of oxidative damage caused by the herbicide methyl viologen (MV).	Paraquat	141-143	glutathione S-transferase tau 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-38
34599589-6	2021	Under non-stress conditions, gstu7 null mutants were smaller than wild-type (WT) plants and delayed in the onset of the MV-induced antioxidative response, which led to accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and diminished seedling survival.	Paraquat	120-122	glutathione S-transferase tau 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	29-34
34599589-8	2021	Furthermore, live monitoring of the glutathione redox potential in intact cells with the fluorescent probe Grx1-roGFP2 revealed that GSTU7 overexpression completely abolished the MV-induced oxidation of the cytosolic glutathione buffer compared with WT plants.	Paraquat	179-181	glutathione S-transferase tau 7	Arabidopsis thaliana	133-138
34811946-4	2022	Here we identify intestinal myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) as a novel target for intestinal oxidative stress using canonical oxidative stress model induced by paraquat (PQ) in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	185-193	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	28-76
34627778-0	2021	Inhibition of Wnt10b/beta-catenin signaling alleviates pulmonary fibrogenesis induced by paraquat in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	89-97	Wnt family member 10B	Rattus norvegicus	14-20
34627778-0	2021	Inhibition of Wnt10b/beta-catenin signaling alleviates pulmonary fibrogenesis induced by paraquat in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	89-97	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	21-33
34877356-14	2021	IL-6 and TNF-alpha were expected to be potential prediction indexes of paraquat-induced ALI.	Paraquat	71-79	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
34877356-14	2021	IL-6 and TNF-alpha were expected to be potential prediction indexes of paraquat-induced ALI.	Paraquat	71-79	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	9-18
34425375-7	2021	The mechanistic analysis further demonstrated that N-acetylcysteine pretreatment attenuated the decreased expression of target genes (UBC and PPP2CA) induced by PQ.	Paraquat	161-163	ubiquitin C	Mus musculus	134-137
34425375-7	2021	The mechanistic analysis further demonstrated that N-acetylcysteine pretreatment attenuated the decreased expression of target genes (UBC and PPP2CA) induced by PQ.	Paraquat	161-163	protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, alpha isoform	Mus musculus	142-148
34811946-4	2022	Here we identify intestinal myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) as a novel target for intestinal oxidative stress using canonical oxidative stress model induced by paraquat (PQ) in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	185-193	MYD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor	Homo sapiens	78-83
34811946-4	2022	Here we identify intestinal myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) as a novel target for intestinal oxidative stress using canonical oxidative stress model induced by paraquat (PQ) in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	195-197	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	28-76
34811946-4	2022	Here we identify intestinal myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) as a novel target for intestinal oxidative stress using canonical oxidative stress model induced by paraquat (PQ) in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	195-197	MYD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor	Homo sapiens	78-83
34811946-8	2022	MyD88 specific inhibitor, ST2825, was used to verify function of MyD88 during PQ exposure in mouse model.	Paraquat	78-80	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	65-70
34811946-9	2022	RESULTS: MyD88 protein levels and apoptotic rate of IECs are increased in response to PQ exposure (P < 0.001).	Paraquat	86-88	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	9-14
34811946-10	2022	Intestinal deletion of MyD88 blocks PQ-induced apoptosis (~42% reduction) and DNA damage (~86% reduction), and improves mitochondrial fission (~37% reduction) and function including mitochondrial membrane potential (~23% increment) and respiratory metabolism capacity (~26% increment) (P < 0.01).	Paraquat	36-38	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	23-28
34811946-11	2022	Notably, there is a marked decrease in reactive oxygen species in MyD88-deficient IECs during PQ exposure (~70% reduction), which are consistent with high activity of antioxidative enzymes (~83% increment) (P < 0.001).	Paraquat	94-96	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	66-71
34811946-12	2022	Intestinal ablation of MyD88 inhibits mTOR signalling, and further phosphorylates p53 proteins during PQ exposure, which eventually promotes intestinal autophagy (~74% increment) (P < 0.01).	Paraquat	102-104	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	23-28
34811946-12	2022	Intestinal ablation of MyD88 inhibits mTOR signalling, and further phosphorylates p53 proteins during PQ exposure, which eventually promotes intestinal autophagy (~74% increment) (P < 0.01).	Paraquat	102-104	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	82-85
34811946-14	2022	In mouse model, inhibition of MyD88 using specific inhibitor ST2825 followed by PQ treatment effectively ameliorates weight loss (~4% increment), decreased food intake (~92% increment), gastrocnemius and soleus loss (~24% and ~20% increment, respectively), and intestinal oxidative stress in an autophagy dependent manner (P < 0.01).	Paraquat	80-82	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	30-35
34761315-5	2022	Compared with the control group, the process length of Iba-1-positive cells decreased of acute 25 mg/kg PQ exposure on day 18 (P < 0.05).	Paraquat	104-106	allograft inflammatory factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-60
34761315-6	2022	Compared with the control group, on day 39, the number of Iba-1-positive cells in the SN decreased of acute 25 mg/kg PQ exposure, while that increased of acute 45 mg/kg PQ exposure (P < 0.05).	Paraquat	117-119	allograft inflammatory factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
34761315-6	2022	Compared with the control group, on day 39, the number of Iba-1-positive cells in the SN decreased of acute 25 mg/kg PQ exposure, while that increased of acute 45 mg/kg PQ exposure (P < 0.05).	Paraquat	169-171	allograft inflammatory factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
34761315-9	2022	On day 69, compared with the control group, the number of Iba-1-positive cells in the SN significantly increased of acute 45 mg/kg PQ exposure (P < 0.05).	Paraquat	131-133	allograft inflammatory factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
34761315-13	2022	On day 39, compared with the control group, the expression of iNOS in the SN of acute 45 mg/kg PQ exposure increased than of acute 25 mg/kg exposure.	Paraquat	95-97	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	62-66
34761315-14	2022	The expression of Arg-1 of 25 mg/kg PQ exposure was significantly increased (P < 0.05).	Paraquat	36-38	arginase 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
34761315-15	2022	On day 69, the expression of iNOS and ARG1 increased in the 25 and 45 mg/kg PQ exposure groups.	Paraquat	76-78	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	29-33
34909429-3	2021	We present a case who injected paraquat in his neck in an attempt to commit suicide.	Paraquat	31-39	histidine ammonia-lyase	Homo sapiens	43-46
34804900-7	2021	Results: We found that as compared to the control group, while paraquat reduced the hepatic levels of anti-oxidative compounds such as vitamin C (p<0.001), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p<0.001), and catalase (CAT) (p<0.001), the toxic agent increased the serum levels of protein carbonyl (PC) (p<0.001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.05), and IL-1beta (p<0.001).	Paraquat	63-71	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	198-206
34804900-7	2021	Results: We found that as compared to the control group, while paraquat reduced the hepatic levels of anti-oxidative compounds such as vitamin C (p<0.001), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p<0.001), and catalase (CAT) (p<0.001), the toxic agent increased the serum levels of protein carbonyl (PC) (p<0.001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.05), and IL-1beta (p<0.001).	Paraquat	63-71	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	208-211
34804900-7	2021	Results: We found that as compared to the control group, while paraquat reduced the hepatic levels of anti-oxidative compounds such as vitamin C (p<0.001), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p<0.001), and catalase (CAT) (p<0.001), the toxic agent increased the serum levels of protein carbonyl (PC) (p<0.001), malondialdehyde (MDA) (p<0.05), and IL-1beta (p<0.001).	Paraquat	63-71	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	339-347
34352584-7	2021	Compared with the NC group, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the cell supernatant gradually increased after PQ intervention, while the IL-10 content gradually decreased.	Paraquat	97-99	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	28-32
34769043-4	2021	PQ is known to cause an increased oxidative stress in exposed individuals but the consequences of such stress on alphaSyn conformation remains poorly understood.	Paraquat	0-2	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	113-121
34769043-5	2021	To study alphaSyn pathogenic modifications in response to PQ, we exposed Drosophila expressing human alphaSyn to a chronic PQ protocol.	Paraquat	58-60	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	9-17
34769043-7	2021	The exposure to PQ was also associated with increased levels of total and phosphorylated forms of alphaSyn in the Drosophila brain.	Paraquat	16-18	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	98-106
34769043-8	2021	Interestingly, PQ increased the detection of soluble alphaSyn in highly denaturating buffer but did not increase alphaSyn resistance to proteinase K digestion.	Paraquat	15-17	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	53-61
34769043-9	2021	These results suggest that PQ induces the accumulation of toxic soluble and misfolded forms of alphaSyn but that these toxic forms do not form fibrils or aggregates that are detected by the proteinase K assay.	Paraquat	27-29	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	95-103
34769043-10	2021	Collectively, our results demonstrate that Drosophila can be used to study the effect of PQ or other environmental neurotoxins on alphaSyn driven pathology.	Paraquat	89-91	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	130-138
34786083-10	2021	Additionally, circulating levels of IL-1beta and MCP-1 could serve as promising prognostic markers for patients with paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	117-125	interleukin 1 alpha	Homo sapiens	36-44
34786083-10	2021	Additionally, circulating levels of IL-1beta and MCP-1 could serve as promising prognostic markers for patients with paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	117-125	C-C motif chemokine ligand 2	Homo sapiens	49-54
34352584-7	2021	Compared with the NC group, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the cell supernatant gradually increased after PQ intervention, while the IL-10 content gradually decreased.	Paraquat	97-99	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	37-46
34352584-8	2021	The PQ intervention in alveolar macrophages increased the expression of intracellular glycolysis rate-limiting enzyme pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 (PKM1/M2), lactate, lactate/pyruvate ratio, and the polarization of alveolar macrophage towards M1.	Paraquat	4-6	pyruvate kinase M1/2	Rattus norvegicus	118-148
34623211-6	2021	Fish were sacrificed on day 22 and the brains were collected for qPCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry analysis.Results: qPCR analysis showed that paraquat treatment down-regulated the expression of genes related to dopamine activity and biosynthesis (dat and th1) and neuroprotective agents (bdnf).	Paraquat	146-154	solute carrier family 6 member 3	Danio rerio	251-254
34623211-7	2021	Paraquat treatment also up-regulated the expression of the mt2, smtb and pro-inflammatory genes (il-1alpha, il-1beta, tnf-alpha and cox-2).	Paraquat	0-8	metallothionein 2	Danio rerio	59-62
34623211-7	2021	Paraquat treatment also up-regulated the expression of the mt2, smtb and pro-inflammatory genes (il-1alpha, il-1beta, tnf-alpha and cox-2).	Paraquat	0-8	metallothionein-B-like	Danio rerio	64-68
34623211-7	2021	Paraquat treatment also up-regulated the expression of the mt2, smtb and pro-inflammatory genes (il-1alpha, il-1beta, tnf-alpha and cox-2).	Paraquat	0-8	tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2)	Danio rerio	118-127
34623211-7	2021	Paraquat treatment also up-regulated the expression of the mt2, smtb and pro-inflammatory genes (il-1alpha, il-1beta, tnf-alpha and cox-2).	Paraquat	0-8	cytochrome c oxidase II, mitochondrial	Danio rerio	132-137
34623211-8	2021	hMT2 treatment was able to reverse the effects of paraquat.	Paraquat	50-58	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	0-4
34623211-11	2021	Paraquat treatment also led to reduction of dopaminergic neurons while their numbers showed an increase following hMT2 treatment.Conclusion: Paraquat has been identified as one of the pesticides that can cause the death of dopaminergic neurons and affect dopamine biosynthesis.	Paraquat	0-8	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	114-118
34623211-11	2021	Paraquat treatment also led to reduction of dopaminergic neurons while their numbers showed an increase following hMT2 treatment.Conclusion: Paraquat has been identified as one of the pesticides that can cause the death of dopaminergic neurons and affect dopamine biosynthesis.	Paraquat	141-149	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	114-118
34623211-12	2021	Treatment with exogenous hMT2 could reverse the effects of paraquat in the zebrafish brain.	Paraquat	59-67	metallothionein 2A	Homo sapiens	25-29
34446195-7	2021	Paraquat poisoning led to lung tissue apoptosis as was evidenced by higher Caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl2 expressions in rats subjected to paraquat inhalation instead of normal saline or free nanoparticles.	Paraquat	0-8	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	75-84
34635711-8	2021	Finally, the differentially expressed genes were analysed in the PQ + AH2QDS group and the PQ group by NextGen sequencing, and we verified that Nrf2"s expression in the PQ + AH2QDS group was significantly higher than that in the PQ group.	Paraquat	229-231	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	144-148
34339012-0	2021	Melatonin Increases Life Span, Restores the Locomotor Activity, and Reduces Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) in Transgenic Knockdown Parkin Drosophila melanogaster Exposed to Paraquat or Paraquat/Iron.	Paraquat	167-175	parkin	Drosophila melanogaster	125-131
34446210-9	2021	The results suggest that iNOS and CYP2E1 contributing to MB + PQ-induced oxidative stress in rat PMNs exhibit differential regulatory mechanisms.	Paraquat	62-64	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
34446210-5	2021	Alternatively, diallyl sulphide (DAS), a CYP2E1 inhibitor, rescued from MB + PQ-induced changes in CYP2E1 activity/expression, free radical generation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, LPO and pro-inflammatory cytokines without any alterations in nitrite content and iNOS activity/expression.	Paraquat	77-79	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	99-105
34446195-7	2021	Paraquat poisoning led to lung tissue apoptosis as was evidenced by higher Caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl2 expressions in rats subjected to paraquat inhalation instead of normal saline or free nanoparticles.	Paraquat	0-8	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
34446210-9	2021	The results suggest that iNOS and CYP2E1 contributing to MB + PQ-induced oxidative stress in rat PMNs exhibit differential regulatory mechanisms.	Paraquat	62-64	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-40
34446210-7	2021	Ex-vivo treatment with MEK inhibitor (PD98059), ERK1/2 inhibitor (AG126) or PKC inhibitor (rottlerin) ameliorated MB + PQ-induced increase in free radical generation and CYP2E1 activity/expression in PMNs.	Paraquat	119-121	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	48-54
34446195-7	2021	Paraquat poisoning led to lung tissue apoptosis as was evidenced by higher Caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl2 expressions in rats subjected to paraquat inhalation instead of normal saline or free nanoparticles.	Paraquat	0-8	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
34446195-7	2021	Paraquat poisoning led to lung tissue apoptosis as was evidenced by higher Caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl2 expressions in rats subjected to paraquat inhalation instead of normal saline or free nanoparticles.	Paraquat	131-139	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	75-84
34446210-7	2021	Ex-vivo treatment with MEK inhibitor (PD98059), ERK1/2 inhibitor (AG126) or PKC inhibitor (rottlerin) ameliorated MB + PQ-induced increase in free radical generation and CYP2E1 activity/expression in PMNs.	Paraquat	119-121	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	76-79
34446210-7	2021	Ex-vivo treatment with MEK inhibitor (PD98059), ERK1/2 inhibitor (AG126) or PKC inhibitor (rottlerin) ameliorated MB + PQ-induced increase in free radical generation and CYP2E1 activity/expression in PMNs.	Paraquat	119-121	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-176
34446195-7	2021	Paraquat poisoning led to lung tissue apoptosis as was evidenced by higher Caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl2 expressions in rats subjected to paraquat inhalation instead of normal saline or free nanoparticles.	Paraquat	131-139	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
34446210-8	2021	While PD98059 and AG126 abated MB + PQ-induced increase in ERK1/2, PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 levels, rottlerin restored PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 towards normalcy without affecting ERK1/2 level in MB + PQ-treated group.	Paraquat	36-38	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	59-65
34446195-7	2021	Paraquat poisoning led to lung tissue apoptosis as was evidenced by higher Caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl2 expressions in rats subjected to paraquat inhalation instead of normal saline or free nanoparticles.	Paraquat	131-139	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	93-97
34446210-8	2021	While PD98059 and AG126 abated MB + PQ-induced increase in ERK1/2, PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 levels, rottlerin restored PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 towards normalcy without affecting ERK1/2 level in MB + PQ-treated group.	Paraquat	36-38	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	67-82
34446195-11	2021	CONCLUSION: In a rat model of inhalation toxicity of paraquat, loading of this herbicide on PEC/CS/TPP nanoparticles reduced acute lung injury and fibrosis.	Paraquat	53-61	citrate synthase	Rattus norvegicus	96-98
34446210-8	2021	While PD98059 and AG126 abated MB + PQ-induced increase in ERK1/2, PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 levels, rottlerin restored PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 towards normalcy without affecting ERK1/2 level in MB + PQ-treated group.	Paraquat	36-38	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-93
34446210-8	2021	While PD98059 and AG126 abated MB + PQ-induced increase in ERK1/2, PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 levels, rottlerin restored PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 towards normalcy without affecting ERK1/2 level in MB + PQ-treated group.	Paraquat	36-38	protein kinase C, alpha	Rattus norvegicus	121-136
34446210-8	2021	While PD98059 and AG126 abated MB + PQ-induced increase in ERK1/2, PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 levels, rottlerin restored PKC-alpha/delta and CYP2E1 towards normalcy without affecting ERK1/2 level in MB + PQ-treated group.	Paraquat	36-38	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	141-147
34446210-0	2021	Autonomous regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cytochrome P450 2E1-mediated oxidative stress in maneb- and paraquat-treated rat polymorphs.	Paraquat	121-129	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	25-56
34446210-0	2021	Autonomous regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cytochrome P450 2E1-mediated oxidative stress in maneb- and paraquat-treated rat polymorphs.	Paraquat	121-129	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-80
34446210-1	2021	Maneb (MB)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is regulated in parallel by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	Paraquat	16-24	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	126-145
34446210-1	2021	Maneb (MB)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is regulated in parallel by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	Paraquat	16-24	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	147-153
34446210-1	2021	Maneb (MB)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is regulated in parallel by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	Paraquat	16-24	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	159-190
34446210-1	2021	Maneb (MB)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is regulated in parallel by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	Paraquat	16-24	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	192-196
34446210-1	2021	Maneb (MB)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is regulated in parallel by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	Paraquat	26-28	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	126-145
34446210-1	2021	Maneb (MB)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is regulated in parallel by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	Paraquat	26-28	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	147-153
34446210-1	2021	Maneb (MB)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is regulated in parallel by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	Paraquat	26-28	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	159-190
34446210-1	2021	Maneb (MB)- and paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) is regulated in parallel by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).	Paraquat	26-28	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	192-196
34446210-4	2021	MB + PQ-induced changes in nitrite content, lipid peroxidation (LPO), iNOS expression/activity and inflammatory mediators were alleviated by aminoguanidine (AG), an iNOS inhibitor, without any change in CYP2E1.	Paraquat	5-7	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
34455893-0	2022	The STING-IRF3 pathway contributes to paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	38-46	stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1	Mus musculus	4-9
34580234-0	2021	Identification of hub genes and key pathways of paraquat-induced human embryonic pulmonary fibrosis by bioinformatics analysis and in vitro studies.	Paraquat	48-56	ELAV like RNA binding protein 2	Homo sapiens	18-21
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	260-262	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	123-130
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	260-262	stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1	Mus musculus	160-165
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	260-262	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	212-219
34455893-0	2022	The STING-IRF3 pathway contributes to paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	38-46	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	10-14
34455893-8	2022	PQ administration promoted IRF3 nuclear translocation in lung tissues after 48 h. The above changes were all attenuated by dexamethasone treatment (5 mg/kg, i.p., qd).	Paraquat	0-2	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	27-31
34455893-2	2022	Our study aimed to investigate the action of STING-IRF3 signaling on PQ-induced ALI in mice.	Paraquat	69-71	stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1	Mus musculus	45-50
34455893-9	2022	In vitro, PQ induced STING and IRF3 translocation.	Paraquat	10-12	stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1	Mus musculus	21-26
34455893-9	2022	In vitro, PQ induced STING and IRF3 translocation.	Paraquat	10-12	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	31-35
34455893-10	2022	Irf3 or Sting silencing decreased the mRNA levels and supernatant secretion of IFNbeta in PQ-treated RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.	Paraquat	90-92	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	0-4
34455893-10	2022	Irf3 or Sting silencing decreased the mRNA levels and supernatant secretion of IFNbeta in PQ-treated RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.	Paraquat	90-92	stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1	Mus musculus	8-13
34455893-10	2022	Irf3 or Sting silencing decreased the mRNA levels and supernatant secretion of IFNbeta in PQ-treated RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.	Paraquat	90-92	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	79-86
34455893-12	2022	Our study suggests that STING-IRF3 signaling contributes to PQ-induced ALI, providing new information for future treatment strategies.	Paraquat	60-62	stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1	Mus musculus	24-29
34455893-12	2022	Our study suggests that STING-IRF3 signaling contributes to PQ-induced ALI, providing new information for future treatment strategies.	Paraquat	60-62	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	30-34
34455893-2	2022	Our study aimed to investigate the action of STING-IRF3 signaling on PQ-induced ALI in mice.	Paraquat	69-71	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	51-55
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	9-11	stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1	Mus musculus	106-111
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	9-11	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	113-117
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	9-11	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	123-130
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	9-11	stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1	Mus musculus	160-165
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	9-11	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	212-219
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	260-262	stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1	Mus musculus	106-111
34455893-7	2022	In vivo, PQ administration induced pathological changes and increased wet/dry ratios in lungs after 48 h. Sting, Irf3, and Ifnbeta mRNA levels in lung tissues, STING and pIRF3 protein levels in lung tissues, and IFNbeta secretion in serum, were upregulated by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	260-262	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	113-117
34240728-6	2021	The results showed that supplementation with high-dose LRM (10 mg mL-1) and LB (100 mg mL-1) extracts significantly extended the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) by 25.19% and 51.38%, respectively, accompanied by the improved stress tolerance of C. elegans to paraquat-induced oxidation, UV-B irradiation and heat shock.	Paraquat	275-283	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	66-70
34240728-6	2021	The results showed that supplementation with high-dose LRM (10 mg mL-1) and LB (100 mg mL-1) extracts significantly extended the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) by 25.19% and 51.38%, respectively, accompanied by the improved stress tolerance of C. elegans to paraquat-induced oxidation, UV-B irradiation and heat shock.	Paraquat	275-283	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Mus musculus	87-91
34214573-2	2021	In hepatocytes, P-glycoprotein (P-gp/Abcb1) is a canalicular transporter involved in PQ extrusion from the cell.	Paraquat	85-87	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
34415667-2	2021	In the present study, we found that Yes-associated Protein (YAP) was downregulated and inactivated in hippocampal astrocytes of aging mice and AD model mice, as well as in D-galactose and paraquat-induced senescent astrocytes, in a Hippo pathway-dependent manner.	Paraquat	188-196	yes-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	36-58
34089284-3	2021	Total and differential white blood cells counts, nitrite, malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)-10, and interferon-gamma levels were significant increased, but thiol, superoxide dismutase, catalase, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were decreased in the blood due to both doses of PQ (p < 0.05-p < 0.001).	Paraquat	283-285	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	75-94
34089284-3	2021	Total and differential white blood cells counts, nitrite, malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)-10, and interferon-gamma levels were significant increased, but thiol, superoxide dismutase, catalase, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were decreased in the blood due to both doses of PQ (p < 0.05-p < 0.001).	Paraquat	283-285	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	100-116
34089284-3	2021	Total and differential white blood cells counts, nitrite, malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)-10, and interferon-gamma levels were significant increased, but thiol, superoxide dismutase, catalase, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were decreased in the blood due to both doses of PQ (p < 0.05-p < 0.001).	Paraquat	283-285	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	185-193
34089284-3	2021	Total and differential white blood cells counts, nitrite, malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)-10, and interferon-gamma levels were significant increased, but thiol, superoxide dismutase, catalase, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were decreased in the blood due to both doses of PQ (p < 0.05-p < 0.001).	Paraquat	283-285	interleukin 17A	Rattus norvegicus	195-200
34089284-3	2021	Total and differential white blood cells counts, nitrite, malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)-10, and interferon-gamma levels were significant increased, but thiol, superoxide dismutase, catalase, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were decreased in the blood due to both doses of PQ (p < 0.05-p < 0.001).	Paraquat	283-285	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	206-233
34197881-5	2021	Results indicated that the lifespan and the athletic ability of Drosophila were significantly improved after the administration of CMP-MRP in natural aging, H2O2- and paraquat-induced models.	Paraquat	167-175	Multidrug-Resistance like Protein 1	Drosophila melanogaster	135-138
34097952-8	2021	Interestingly, PQ induced unfolded protein response (UPR), p53, Irf and DC maturation genes in DCcd34, responses absent in MCcd34.	Paraquat	15-17	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	59-62
34097952-8	2021	Interestingly, PQ induced unfolded protein response (UPR), p53, Irf and DC maturation genes in DCcd34, responses absent in MCcd34.	Paraquat	15-17	tripartite motif containing 63	Homo sapiens	64-67
34214573-2	2021	In hepatocytes, P-glycoprotein (P-gp/Abcb1) is a canalicular transporter involved in PQ extrusion from the cell.	Paraquat	85-87	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1A	Rattus norvegicus	37-42
34364922-6	2021	We determined the expression level of epithelia cadherin (E-cadherin) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in the lungs and A549 cells after PQ exposure.	Paraquat	146-148	cadherin 1	Mus musculus	48-56
34434202-5	2021	The expression levels of AtMTM1, AtMTM2, and AtMnSOD respond positively to methyl viologen (MV) and metal stress.	Paraquat	75-90	Myotubularin-like phosphatases II superfamily	Arabidopsis thaliana	25-31
34364922-6	2021	We determined the expression level of epithelia cadherin (E-cadherin) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in the lungs and A549 cells after PQ exposure.	Paraquat	146-148	cadherin 1	Mus musculus	58-68
34364922-6	2021	We determined the expression level of epithelia cadherin (E-cadherin) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in the lungs and A549 cells after PQ exposure.	Paraquat	146-148	actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta	Mus musculus	101-110
34364922-11	2021	In this study, we found that MMP2 and HOTAIR were upregulated and miR-17-5p was downregulated in PQ-induced EMT.	Paraquat	97-99	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	29-33
34364922-11	2021	In this study, we found that MMP2 and HOTAIR were upregulated and miR-17-5p was downregulated in PQ-induced EMT.	Paraquat	97-99	HOX transcript antisense RNA (non-protein coding)	Mus musculus	38-44
34364922-14	2021	The expression of alpha-SMA was negatively regulated by miR-17-5p after PQ exposure.	Paraquat	72-74	actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta	Mus musculus	18-27
34364922-16	2021	In conclusion, this study showed that the HOTAIR could act as a ceRNA for miR-17-5p to regulate MMP2 expression in PQ-induced pulmonary EMT.	Paraquat	115-117	HOX transcript antisense RNA (non-protein coding)	Mus musculus	42-48
34364922-16	2021	In conclusion, this study showed that the HOTAIR could act as a ceRNA for miR-17-5p to regulate MMP2 expression in PQ-induced pulmonary EMT.	Paraquat	115-117	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Mus musculus	96-100
34434202-5	2021	The expression levels of AtMTM1, AtMTM2, and AtMnSOD respond positively to methyl viologen (MV) and metal stress.	Paraquat	75-90	Myotubularin-like phosphatases II superfamily	Arabidopsis thaliana	33-39
34590571-0	2021	(Clinical research of the differences between hematocrit and serum albumin for evaluating the severity of acute paraquat poisoning).	Paraquat	112-120	albumin	Homo sapiens	61-74
34590571-1	2021	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical values of the differences between hematocrit and serum albumin (HCT-ALB) for evaluating the severity of patients with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	163-171	albumin	Homo sapiens	88-101
34590571-1	2021	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical values of the differences between hematocrit and serum albumin (HCT-ALB) for evaluating the severity of patients with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	173-175	albumin	Homo sapiens	88-101
34590571-9	2021	With the increase of urine PQ concentration, the HCT and HCT-ALB further increased, and ALB further decreased.	Paraquat	27-29	albumin	Homo sapiens	88-91
34590571-10	2021	There were significant differences between PQ high concentration group and PQ low concentration group (HCT: (43.54+-5.40)% vs. (43.14+-4.41)%, HCT-ALB: 5.94+-7.80 vs. 3.59+-6.26, ALB (g/L): 37.60+-7.15 vs. 39.54+-5.74, all P < 0.05).	Paraquat	43-45	albumin	Homo sapiens	179-182
34590571-10	2021	There were significant differences between PQ high concentration group and PQ low concentration group (HCT: (43.54+-5.40)% vs. (43.14+-4.41)%, HCT-ALB: 5.94+-7.80 vs. 3.59+-6.26, ALB (g/L): 37.60+-7.15 vs. 39.54+-5.74, all P < 0.05).	Paraquat	75-77	albumin	Homo sapiens	179-182
34590571-11	2021	The poisoning severity of patients with acute PQ poisoning were negatively correlated with poisoning time and ALB (r values were -0.195 and -0.695, respectively, both P < 0.01), there were positively correlated with poisoning dose, HCT, and HCT-ALB (r values were 0.650, 0.256, 0.737, respectively, all P < 0.01), and the correlation between HCT-ALB and poisoning severity was the strongest.	Paraquat	46-48	albumin	Homo sapiens	110-113
34394837-9	2021	In vitro, PQ significantly caused the iron accumulation in cytoplasm and mitochondria through ferritinophagy pathway induced by NCOA4.	Paraquat	10-12	nuclear receptor coactivator 4	Homo sapiens	128-133
34394837-11	2021	PQ downregulated SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression and upregulated Cox2 expression significantly, which were important markers in ferroptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	solute carrier family 7 member 11	Homo sapiens	17-24
34335089-2	2021	Our prior study showed that Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) protected against PQ-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	80-82	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	28-52
34394837-11	2021	PQ downregulated SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression and upregulated Cox2 expression significantly, which were important markers in ferroptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	glutathione peroxidase 4	Homo sapiens	29-33
34394837-11	2021	PQ downregulated SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression and upregulated Cox2 expression significantly, which were important markers in ferroptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase II	Homo sapiens	61-65
34394837-13	2021	Meanwhile, Bcl2, Bax, and p-38 were involved in apoptosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	69-71	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	11-15
34394837-13	2021	Meanwhile, Bcl2, Bax, and p-38 were involved in apoptosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	69-71	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	17-20
34394837-13	2021	Meanwhile, Bcl2, Bax, and p-38 were involved in apoptosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	69-71	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	26-30
34394837-15	2021	Bcl2/Bax and P-p38/p38 pathways mediated the cross-talk between ferroptosis and apoptosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	101-103	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	0-4
34394837-15	2021	Bcl2/Bax and P-p38/p38 pathways mediated the cross-talk between ferroptosis and apoptosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	101-103	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	5-8
34394837-15	2021	Bcl2/Bax and P-p38/p38 pathways mediated the cross-talk between ferroptosis and apoptosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	101-103	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	19-22
34335089-11	2021	Additionally, BAY11-7082 abolished TOLLIP knockdown-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro, indicating that TOLLIP protected against NLRP3 inflammasome activation in PQ-induced AKI through inhibiting TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling.	Paraquat	174-176	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	60-65
34335089-11	2021	Additionally, BAY11-7082 abolished TOLLIP knockdown-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro, indicating that TOLLIP protected against NLRP3 inflammasome activation in PQ-induced AKI through inhibiting TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling.	Paraquat	174-176	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	116-122
34335089-2	2021	Our prior study showed that Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) protected against PQ-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	80-82	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	54-60
34335089-11	2021	Additionally, BAY11-7082 abolished TOLLIP knockdown-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro, indicating that TOLLIP protected against NLRP3 inflammasome activation in PQ-induced AKI through inhibiting TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling.	Paraquat	174-176	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	141-146
34335089-7	2021	Results showed that TOLLIP and Toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) expressions were boosted in the kidney after PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	108-110	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	20-26
34335089-11	2021	Additionally, BAY11-7082 abolished TOLLIP knockdown-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro, indicating that TOLLIP protected against NLRP3 inflammasome activation in PQ-induced AKI through inhibiting TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling.	Paraquat	174-176	toll-like receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	208-214
34335089-7	2021	Results showed that TOLLIP and Toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) expressions were boosted in the kidney after PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	108-110	toll-like receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	31-53
34335089-12	2021	This study highlights the importance of TOLLIP in AKI after PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	60-62	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	40-46
34335089-7	2021	Results showed that TOLLIP and Toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) expressions were boosted in the kidney after PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	108-110	toll-like receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	55-61
34335089-8	2021	The toxic effect of PQ on the kidney and HK-2 cells was exacerbated by TOLLIP knockdown, as evidenced by aggravated glomerulus and tubule injury, inflammatory infiltration, and cell apoptosis in the kidney and increased loss of cell viability and apoptotic cells in HK-2 cells.	Paraquat	20-22	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	71-77
34335089-9	2021	TOLLIP knockdown also enhanced PQ-induced NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro and TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling in vitro, reflected by increased contents of proinflammatory cytokines and expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in the kidney and HK-2 cells and expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 in HK-2 cells.	Paraquat	31-33	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	42-78
34335089-9	2021	TOLLIP knockdown also enhanced PQ-induced NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro and TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling in vitro, reflected by increased contents of proinflammatory cytokines and expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in the kidney and HK-2 cells and expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 in HK-2 cells.	Paraquat	31-33	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	80-85
34335089-9	2021	TOLLIP knockdown also enhanced PQ-induced NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro and TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling in vitro, reflected by increased contents of proinflammatory cytokines and expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in the kidney and HK-2 cells and expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 in HK-2 cells.	Paraquat	31-33	toll-like receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	136-142
34335089-9	2021	TOLLIP knockdown also enhanced PQ-induced NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro and TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling in vitro, reflected by increased contents of proinflammatory cytokines and expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in the kidney and HK-2 cells and expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 in HK-2 cells.	Paraquat	31-33	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	253-258
34335089-9	2021	TOLLIP knockdown also enhanced PQ-induced NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro and TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling in vitro, reflected by increased contents of proinflammatory cytokines and expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in the kidney and HK-2 cells and expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 in HK-2 cells.	Paraquat	31-33	toll-like receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	337-341
34335089-9	2021	TOLLIP knockdown also enhanced PQ-induced NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro and TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling in vitro, reflected by increased contents of proinflammatory cytokines and expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in the kidney and HK-2 cells and expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 in HK-2 cells.	Paraquat	31-33	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	343-347
34335089-9	2021	TOLLIP knockdown also enhanced PQ-induced NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in vivo and in vitro and TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling in vitro, reflected by increased contents of proinflammatory cytokines and expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins in the kidney and HK-2 cells and expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 in HK-2 cells.	Paraquat	31-33	synaptotagmin 1	Rattus norvegicus	371-374
34335089-10	2021	However, TOLLIP overexpression inhibited PQ-induced loss of cell viability, cell apoptosis, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling in vitro.	Paraquat	41-43	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	92-97
34335089-10	2021	However, TOLLIP overexpression inhibited PQ-induced loss of cell viability, cell apoptosis, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and TLR2/4-NF-kappaB signaling in vitro.	Paraquat	41-43	toll-like receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	127-133
34285796-8	2021	E46K alpha-synuclein caused remarkable climbing defects, reduced survivorship, higher ethanol sensitivity, and increased PQ-mediated mortality.	Paraquat	121-123	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	5-20
34064677-0	2021	Ubiquinone Metabolism and Transcription HIF-1 Targets Pathway Are Toxicity Signature Pathways Present in Extracellular Vesicles of Paraquat-Exposed Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells.	Paraquat	131-139	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	40-45
34218561-9	2021	Results: Compared with the control group, the pathological injury score and the expression of iNOS in the lung tissue of PQ group were significantly increased, and the content of NO secreted by alveolar macrophages and the expression of iNOS mRNA were significantly increased (P<0.05) .	Paraquat	121-123	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	94-98
34218561-9	2021	Results: Compared with the control group, the pathological injury score and the expression of iNOS in the lung tissue of PQ group were significantly increased, and the content of NO secreted by alveolar macrophages and the expression of iNOS mRNA were significantly increased (P<0.05) .	Paraquat	121-123	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	237-241
34218561-10	2021	Compared with PQ group, the pathological injury scores and the expressions of iNOS in lung tissue of rats in DAS treatment group and DXM treatment group were significantly decreased, and the contents of NO secreted by alveolar macrophages and the expressions of iNOS mRNA were significantly decreased (P<0.05) .	Paraquat	14-16	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	78-82
34218561-10	2021	Compared with PQ group, the pathological injury scores and the expressions of iNOS in lung tissue of rats in DAS treatment group and DXM treatment group were significantly decreased, and the contents of NO secreted by alveolar macrophages and the expressions of iNOS mRNA were significantly decreased (P<0.05) .	Paraquat	14-16	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	262-266
34484664-8	2021	All in all, we found a vicious cycle that the upregulated TGF-beta in PQ-induced EMT further aggravates EMT via promotion of the calcium-calcineurin axis, which could be potential drug targets for treating PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	70-72	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	58-66
34484664-8	2021	All in all, we found a vicious cycle that the upregulated TGF-beta in PQ-induced EMT further aggravates EMT via promotion of the calcium-calcineurin axis, which could be potential drug targets for treating PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	206-208	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	58-66
34205973-4	2021	The oxidative stress inducer paraquat (PQ) triggering formation of O2 - (and consequently, H2O2) was able to rescue the gravitropic response of Atcrk5-1 roots.	Paraquat	29-37	cysteine-rich RLK (RECEPTOR-like protein kinase) 5	Arabidopsis thaliana	144-150
34205973-4	2021	The oxidative stress inducer paraquat (PQ) triggering formation of O2 - (and consequently, H2O2) was able to rescue the gravitropic response of Atcrk5-1 roots.	Paraquat	39-41	cysteine-rich RLK (RECEPTOR-like protein kinase) 5	Arabidopsis thaliana	144-150
34064677-8	2021	Results highlighted that EVs exposed to PQ have modulated pathways, namely the ubiquinone metabolism and the transcription HIF-1 targets.	Paraquat	40-42	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	123-128
35453019-6	2022	M6A sequencing was performed to explore the m6A modificated pattern of lncRNAs in Neuro-2a cells which were treated with 200 muM PQ for 3 h. It was found that PQ hypermethylated total RNA and changed the expression of m6A methyltransferase and demethylase proteins, which leading to the alteration of m6A modification of lncRNAs.	Paraquat	129-131	methyltransferase like 3	Mus musculus	218-239
35453019-6	2022	M6A sequencing was performed to explore the m6A modificated pattern of lncRNAs in Neuro-2a cells which were treated with 200 muM PQ for 3 h. It was found that PQ hypermethylated total RNA and changed the expression of m6A methyltransferase and demethylase proteins, which leading to the alteration of m6A modification of lncRNAs.	Paraquat	159-161	methyltransferase like 3	Mus musculus	218-239
35182771-6	2022	TempO-Seq  analysis with a set of 3565 probes revealed the deregulation of oxidative stress, unfolded protein response and Estrogen Receptor-mediated signaling pathways, in line with the existing knowledge on PQ mechanisms of action.	Paraquat	209-211	estrogen receptor 1	Homo sapiens	123-140
35430334-6	2022	Activated microglia and increased CD68 expression appeared two weeks after PQ exposure in time-dependent manners.	Paraquat	75-77	CD68 antigen	Mus musculus	34-38
35430334-7	2022	Increased CD86 and decreased CD206 expression were observed four weeks after PQ exposure, accompanied by increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels and decreased IL-10 and TGF-beta levels.	Paraquat	77-79	CD86 antigen	Mus musculus	10-14
35430334-7	2022	Increased CD86 and decreased CD206 expression were observed four weeks after PQ exposure, accompanied by increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels and decreased IL-10 and TGF-beta levels.	Paraquat	77-79	mannose receptor, C type 1	Mus musculus	29-34
35430334-7	2022	Increased CD86 and decreased CD206 expression were observed four weeks after PQ exposure, accompanied by increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels and decreased IL-10 and TGF-beta levels.	Paraquat	77-79	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	115-124
35430334-7	2022	Increased CD86 and decreased CD206 expression were observed four weeks after PQ exposure, accompanied by increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels and decreased IL-10 and TGF-beta levels.	Paraquat	77-79	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	129-133
35430334-7	2022	Increased CD86 and decreased CD206 expression were observed four weeks after PQ exposure, accompanied by increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels and decreased IL-10 and TGF-beta levels.	Paraquat	77-79	interleukin 10	Mus musculus	155-160
35430334-7	2022	Increased CD86 and decreased CD206 expression were observed four weeks after PQ exposure, accompanied by increased TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels and decreased IL-10 and TGF-beta levels.	Paraquat	77-79	transforming growth factor alpha	Mus musculus	165-173
35511227-18	2022	GL261 astrocytes with siRNA-mediated DRP1 knockdown had a higher expression of alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2), and transport studies suggest that extracellular PQ was transported into astrocytes by ASCT2 when OCT3 was absent.	Paraquat	175-177	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	37-41
35598771-0	2022	Ablation of FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy renders myocardium resistant to paraquat-induced ferroptosis and contractile dysfunction.	Paraquat	71-79	FUN14 domain containing 1	Mus musculus	12-18
35598771-3	2022	This study was designed to examine the role of the mitophagy receptor protein FUNDC1 in paraquat-induced cardiac contractile and mitochondrial injury using a murine model of FUNDC1 knockout (FUNDC1-/-) mice.	Paraquat	88-96	FUN14 domain containing 1	Mus musculus	78-84
35598771-8	2022	Further study noted dephosphorylation of JNK upon paraquat challenge, the effect of which was obliterated by FUNDC1 knockout.	Paraquat	50-58	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	41-44
35598771-8	2022	Further study noted dephosphorylation of JNK upon paraquat challenge, the effect of which was obliterated by FUNDC1 knockout.	Paraquat	50-58	FUN14 domain containing 1	Mus musculus	109-115
35598771-9	2022	In vitro evaluation of BODIPY ferroptosis and cardiomyocyte function revealed FUNDC1 ablation inhibited paraquat-induced increase in BODIPY lipid peroxidation and cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction, the effects of which were nullified and mimicked by inhibition of JNK or ferroptosis and activation of JNK, respectively.	Paraquat	104-112	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	268-271
35598771-9	2022	In vitro evaluation of BODIPY ferroptosis and cardiomyocyte function revealed FUNDC1 ablation inhibited paraquat-induced increase in BODIPY lipid peroxidation and cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction, the effects of which were nullified and mimicked by inhibition of JNK or ferroptosis and activation of JNK, respectively.	Paraquat	104-112	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	305-308
35598771-10	2022	Taken together, our data suggest an essential role for FUNDC1/JNK-mediated ferroptosis in paraquat exposure-evoked cardiac and mitochondrial injury.	Paraquat	90-98	FUN14 domain containing 1	Mus musculus	55-61
35598771-10	2022	Taken together, our data suggest an essential role for FUNDC1/JNK-mediated ferroptosis in paraquat exposure-evoked cardiac and mitochondrial injury.	Paraquat	90-98	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	62-65
35511227-2	2022	Our previous studies indicated that the organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) expressed on astrocytes could uptake PQ and protect the dopaminergic (DA) neurons from a higher level of extracellular PQ.	Paraquat	113-115	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	40-68
35511227-2	2022	Our previous studies indicated that the organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) expressed on astrocytes could uptake PQ and protect the dopaminergic (DA) neurons from a higher level of extracellular PQ.	Paraquat	113-115	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	70-74
35511227-2	2022	Our previous studies indicated that the organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) expressed on astrocytes could uptake PQ and protect the dopaminergic (DA) neurons from a higher level of extracellular PQ.	Paraquat	195-197	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	40-68
35511227-2	2022	Our previous studies indicated that the organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) expressed on astrocytes could uptake PQ and protect the dopaminergic (DA) neurons from a higher level of extracellular PQ.	Paraquat	195-197	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	70-74
35511227-3	2022	At present, it is unknown how OCT3 levels are altered during chronic PQ exposure or aging, nor is it clear how the compensatory mechanisms are triggered by OCT3 deficiency.	Paraquat	69-71	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	30-34
35511227-5	2022	Nowadays, mounting studies have revealed the functions of astrocyte DRP1, prompting us to hypothesize that DRP1 could regulate the PQ transport capacity of astrocytes.	Paraquat	131-133	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	68-72
35511227-5	2022	Nowadays, mounting studies have revealed the functions of astrocyte DRP1, prompting us to hypothesize that DRP1 could regulate the PQ transport capacity of astrocytes.	Paraquat	131-133	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	107-111
35511227-14	2022	RESULTS: Older mice and those chronically exposed to PQ had a lower expression of brain OCT3 and, following exposure to a 10-mg/kg i.p.	Paraquat	53-55	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	88-92
35511227-16	2022	DRP1 levels were higher in astrocytes and neurons of WT and Oct3-/- mice after chronic exposure to PQ; this was supported by finding higher levels of DRP1 after PQ treatment of dopamine transporter-expressing neurons with and without OCT3 inhibition and in primary astrocytes of WT and Oct3-/- mice.	Paraquat	99-101	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	0-4
35511227-16	2022	DRP1 levels were higher in astrocytes and neurons of WT and Oct3-/- mice after chronic exposure to PQ; this was supported by finding higher levels of DRP1 after PQ treatment of dopamine transporter-expressing neurons with and without OCT3 inhibition and in primary astrocytes of WT and Oct3-/- mice.	Paraquat	99-101	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	60-64
35511227-16	2022	DRP1 levels were higher in astrocytes and neurons of WT and Oct3-/- mice after chronic exposure to PQ; this was supported by finding higher levels of DRP1 after PQ treatment of dopamine transporter-expressing neurons with and without OCT3 inhibition and in primary astrocytes of WT and Oct3-/- mice.	Paraquat	99-101	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	150-154
35511227-16	2022	DRP1 levels were higher in astrocytes and neurons of WT and Oct3-/- mice after chronic exposure to PQ; this was supported by finding higher levels of DRP1 after PQ treatment of dopamine transporter-expressing neurons with and without OCT3 inhibition and in primary astrocytes of WT and Oct3-/- mice.	Paraquat	161-163	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	0-4
35511227-16	2022	DRP1 levels were higher in astrocytes and neurons of WT and Oct3-/- mice after chronic exposure to PQ; this was supported by finding higher levels of DRP1 after PQ treatment of dopamine transporter-expressing neurons with and without OCT3 inhibition and in primary astrocytes of WT and Oct3-/- mice.	Paraquat	161-163	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	60-64
35511227-16	2022	DRP1 levels were higher in astrocytes and neurons of WT and Oct3-/- mice after chronic exposure to PQ; this was supported by finding higher levels of DRP1 after PQ treatment of dopamine transporter-expressing neurons with and without OCT3 inhibition and in primary astrocytes of WT and Oct3-/- mice.	Paraquat	161-163	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	150-154
35511227-16	2022	DRP1 levels were higher in astrocytes and neurons of WT and Oct3-/- mice after chronic exposure to PQ; this was supported by finding higher levels of DRP1 after PQ treatment of dopamine transporter-expressing neurons with and without OCT3 inhibition and in primary astrocytes of WT and Oct3-/- mice.	Paraquat	161-163	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	234-238
35511227-16	2022	DRP1 levels were higher in astrocytes and neurons of WT and Oct3-/- mice after chronic exposure to PQ; this was supported by finding higher levels of DRP1 after PQ treatment of dopamine transporter-expressing neurons with and without OCT3 inhibition and in primary astrocytes of WT and Oct3-/- mice.	Paraquat	161-163	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	286-290
35511227-18	2022	GL261 astrocytes with siRNA-mediated DRP1 knockdown had a higher expression of alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2), and transport studies suggest that extracellular PQ was transported into astrocytes by ASCT2 when OCT3 was absent.	Paraquat	175-177	solute carrier family 1 (neutral amino acid transporter), member 5	Mus musculus	79-116
35511227-18	2022	GL261 astrocytes with siRNA-mediated DRP1 knockdown had a higher expression of alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2), and transport studies suggest that extracellular PQ was transported into astrocytes by ASCT2 when OCT3 was absent.	Paraquat	175-177	solute carrier family 1 (neutral amino acid transporter), member 5	Mus musculus	118-123
35511227-18	2022	GL261 astrocytes with siRNA-mediated DRP1 knockdown had a higher expression of alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2), and transport studies suggest that extracellular PQ was transported into astrocytes by ASCT2 when OCT3 was absent.	Paraquat	175-177	solute carrier family 1 (neutral amino acid transporter), member 5	Mus musculus	213-218
35511227-18	2022	GL261 astrocytes with siRNA-mediated DRP1 knockdown had a higher expression of alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2), and transport studies suggest that extracellular PQ was transported into astrocytes by ASCT2 when OCT3 was absent.	Paraquat	175-177	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	224-228
35511227-20	2022	Lower OCT3 levels were found in the older or chronically PQ-treated mice.	Paraquat	57-59	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	6-10
35511227-21	2022	Astrocytes with DRP1 inhibition (by viral tools or mitochondrial division inhibitor-1) had higher levels of ASCT2, which we hypothesize served as an alternative transporter to remove extracellular PQ when OCT3 was deficient.	Paraquat	197-199	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	16-20
35511227-21	2022	Astrocytes with DRP1 inhibition (by viral tools or mitochondrial division inhibitor-1) had higher levels of ASCT2, which we hypothesize served as an alternative transporter to remove extracellular PQ when OCT3 was deficient.	Paraquat	197-199	solute carrier family 1 (neutral amino acid transporter), member 5	Mus musculus	108-113
35511227-21	2022	Astrocytes with DRP1 inhibition (by viral tools or mitochondrial division inhibitor-1) had higher levels of ASCT2, which we hypothesize served as an alternative transporter to remove extracellular PQ when OCT3 was deficient.	Paraquat	197-199	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	205-209
35511227-22	2022	In summary, our data suggest that OCT3, ASCT2 located on astrocytes and the dopamine transporter located on DA terminals may function in a concerted manner to mediate striatal DA terminal damage in PQ-induced neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	198-200	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	34-38
35511227-22	2022	In summary, our data suggest that OCT3, ASCT2 located on astrocytes and the dopamine transporter located on DA terminals may function in a concerted manner to mediate striatal DA terminal damage in PQ-induced neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	198-200	solute carrier family 1 (neutral amino acid transporter), member 5	Mus musculus	40-45
35430322-0	2022	Vesicle transport related protein Synaptotagmin-1 mediates paraquat transport to antagonize paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	59-67	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	34-49
35430322-5	2022	This indicates that PQ poisoning leads to compensatory up-regulation of vesicle transport related proteins such as SYT1 in vivo, thereby promoting PQ transmembrane transport, and then reducing the pulmonary accumulation of PQ and PQ-caused lung injury.	Paraquat	230-232	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	115-119
35430322-0	2022	Vesicle transport related protein Synaptotagmin-1 mediates paraquat transport to antagonize paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	92-100	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	34-49
35430322-3	2022	After inhibiting SYT1 expression in A549/PQ cells, cell viability, intracellular PQ concentration and the expression of Bcl-2, SNAP25 and RAB26 were significantly reduced, while the mortality, early apoptosis rate and Bax expression were significantly increased.	Paraquat	81-83	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	17-21
35430322-4	2022	In vivo experiments also further showed that PQ promoted the expression of SYT1, SNAP25 and RAB26 in PQ-poisoned mice; when inhibiting SYT1 expression, PQ concentration in lung tissues was significantly increased, and the levels of lung injury and apoptosis were also significantly enhanced, while the expression of SNAP25 and RAB26 was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	45-47	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	75-79
35430322-4	2022	In vivo experiments also further showed that PQ promoted the expression of SYT1, SNAP25 and RAB26 in PQ-poisoned mice; when inhibiting SYT1 expression, PQ concentration in lung tissues was significantly increased, and the levels of lung injury and apoptosis were also significantly enhanced, while the expression of SNAP25 and RAB26 was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	45-47	synaptosomal-associated protein 25	Mus musculus	81-87
35430322-4	2022	In vivo experiments also further showed that PQ promoted the expression of SYT1, SNAP25 and RAB26 in PQ-poisoned mice; when inhibiting SYT1 expression, PQ concentration in lung tissues was significantly increased, and the levels of lung injury and apoptosis were also significantly enhanced, while the expression of SNAP25 and RAB26 was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	45-47	RAB26, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	92-97
35430322-4	2022	In vivo experiments also further showed that PQ promoted the expression of SYT1, SNAP25 and RAB26 in PQ-poisoned mice; when inhibiting SYT1 expression, PQ concentration in lung tissues was significantly increased, and the levels of lung injury and apoptosis were also significantly enhanced, while the expression of SNAP25 and RAB26 was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	45-47	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	135-139
35430322-4	2022	In vivo experiments also further showed that PQ promoted the expression of SYT1, SNAP25 and RAB26 in PQ-poisoned mice; when inhibiting SYT1 expression, PQ concentration in lung tissues was significantly increased, and the levels of lung injury and apoptosis were also significantly enhanced, while the expression of SNAP25 and RAB26 was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	45-47	synaptosomal-associated protein 25	Mus musculus	316-322
35430322-4	2022	In vivo experiments also further showed that PQ promoted the expression of SYT1, SNAP25 and RAB26 in PQ-poisoned mice; when inhibiting SYT1 expression, PQ concentration in lung tissues was significantly increased, and the levels of lung injury and apoptosis were also significantly enhanced, while the expression of SNAP25 and RAB26 was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	45-47	RAB26, member RAS oncogene family	Mus musculus	327-332
35430322-4	2022	In vivo experiments also further showed that PQ promoted the expression of SYT1, SNAP25 and RAB26 in PQ-poisoned mice; when inhibiting SYT1 expression, PQ concentration in lung tissues was significantly increased, and the levels of lung injury and apoptosis were also significantly enhanced, while the expression of SNAP25 and RAB26 was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	152-154	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	135-139
35430322-5	2022	This indicates that PQ poisoning leads to compensatory up-regulation of vesicle transport related proteins such as SYT1 in vivo, thereby promoting PQ transmembrane transport, and then reducing the pulmonary accumulation of PQ and PQ-caused lung injury.	Paraquat	20-22	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	115-119
35430322-5	2022	This indicates that PQ poisoning leads to compensatory up-regulation of vesicle transport related proteins such as SYT1 in vivo, thereby promoting PQ transmembrane transport, and then reducing the pulmonary accumulation of PQ and PQ-caused lung injury.	Paraquat	147-149	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	115-119
35430322-5	2022	This indicates that PQ poisoning leads to compensatory up-regulation of vesicle transport related proteins such as SYT1 in vivo, thereby promoting PQ transmembrane transport, and then reducing the pulmonary accumulation of PQ and PQ-caused lung injury.	Paraquat	223-225	synaptotagmin I	Mus musculus	115-119
35427151-3	2022	A Parkinson"s disease (PD)-associated environmental toxicant, paraquat (PQ), inflicted neuronal genotoxic stress sensitively detected by PRISM.	Paraquat	62-70	PR/SET domain 6	Homo sapiens	137-142
35545591-15	2022	Conclusion: PQ induces progressive damage in the LC area of PD-like mice, which may be caused by the abnormal accumulation of pathological alpha-syn in the LC area.	Paraquat	12-14	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	139-148
35427151-3	2022	A Parkinson"s disease (PD)-associated environmental toxicant, paraquat (PQ), inflicted neuronal genotoxic stress sensitively detected by PRISM.	Paraquat	72-74	PR/SET domain 6	Homo sapiens	137-142
35387687-0	2022	Wnt-induced secreted proteins-1 play an important role in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	58-66	cellular communication network factor 4	Homo sapiens	0-31
35387687-7	2022	RESULTS: The expression of the WISP1 gene and the serum WISP1 protein concentration were higher in patients with PQ poisoning combined with PF than in patients without PF (P < 0.01).	Paraquat	113-115	cellular communication network factor 4	Homo sapiens	31-36
35387687-7	2022	RESULTS: The expression of the WISP1 gene and the serum WISP1 protein concentration were higher in patients with PQ poisoning combined with PF than in patients without PF (P < 0.01).	Paraquat	113-115	cellular communication network factor 4	Homo sapiens	56-61
35387687-8	2022	Serum PQ concentration was positively correlated with WISP1 gene expression (r = 0.621, P < 0.01), and serum WISP1 protein concentration (r = 0.596, P < 0.01) was considered a risk factor (odds ratio (OR) = 4.356, P < 0.05) for PQ-induced PF.	Paraquat	6-8	cellular communication network factor 4	Homo sapiens	54-59
35387687-8	2022	Serum PQ concentration was positively correlated with WISP1 gene expression (r = 0.621, P < 0.01), and serum WISP1 protein concentration (r = 0.596, P < 0.01) was considered a risk factor (odds ratio (OR) = 4.356, P < 0.05) for PQ-induced PF.	Paraquat	228-230	cellular communication network factor 4	Homo sapiens	109-114
35387687-11	2022	CONCLUSION: The expression of WISP1 was higher in the patients with PQ-induced PF compared with the patients without PF.	Paraquat	68-70	cellular communication network factor 4	Homo sapiens	30-35
35387687-12	2022	Accordingly, WISP1 plays an important role in PQ-induced PF.	Paraquat	46-48	cellular communication network factor 4	Homo sapiens	13-18
35213143-4	2022	Here, the redox state of GR is manipulated using an external potential control of the Au electrode in the presence of a redox mediator, methyl viologen (MV).	Paraquat	136-151	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Homo sapiens	25-27
35316522-0	2022	Paraquat Inhibits Autophagy Via Intensifying the Interaction Between HMGB1 and alpha-Synuclein.	Paraquat	0-8	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	69-74
35316522-0	2022	Paraquat Inhibits Autophagy Via Intensifying the Interaction Between HMGB1 and alpha-Synuclein.	Paraquat	0-8	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	79-94
35360337-0	2022	Arabidopsis Iron Superoxide Dismutase FSD1 Protects Against Methyl Viologen-Induced Oxidative Stress in a Copper-Dependent Manner.	Paraquat	60-75	Fe superoxide dismutase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	38-42
35248926-0	2022	JAK2/STAT3 pathway regulates microglia polarization involved in hippocampal inflammatory damage due to acute paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	109-117	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
35248926-0	2022	JAK2/STAT3 pathway regulates microglia polarization involved in hippocampal inflammatory damage due to acute paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	109-117	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	5-10
35248926-6	2022	BV-2 microglia were treated with 0, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, or 0.1 mumol/L PQ for 24 h. ELISA and western blotting assays were performed to detect the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	70-72	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	160-169
35248926-13	2022	After AG490 administration, the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta in the AG490 +PQ group were significantly inhibited in vivo and in vitro compared with the PQ-only group.	Paraquat	114-116	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
35248926-13	2022	After AG490 administration, the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta in the AG490 +PQ group were significantly inhibited in vivo and in vitro compared with the PQ-only group.	Paraquat	114-116	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	63-68
35248926-13	2022	After AG490 administration, the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta in the AG490 +PQ group were significantly inhibited in vivo and in vitro compared with the PQ-only group.	Paraquat	114-116	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
35248926-6	2022	BV-2 microglia were treated with 0, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, or 0.1 mumol/L PQ for 24 h. ELISA and western blotting assays were performed to detect the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	70-72	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	174-182
35236239-2	2022	This research aims to explore whether Res inhibits miR-136-5p expression, increases heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) expression, and mitigates oxidative stress and PC12 cell apoptosis triggered by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	189-197	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	84-100
35248926-9	2022	RESULTS: After acute PQ exposure, hippocampal neurons showed pathological changes such as loose arrangement and nuclear pyknosis, the number of Iba-1 positive cells and the expression of Iba-1 protein increased, and the average number of endpoints and average process length of microglia decreased.	Paraquat	21-23	allograft inflammatory factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	144-149
35248926-9	2022	RESULTS: After acute PQ exposure, hippocampal neurons showed pathological changes such as loose arrangement and nuclear pyknosis, the number of Iba-1 positive cells and the expression of Iba-1 protein increased, and the average number of endpoints and average process length of microglia decreased.	Paraquat	21-23	allograft inflammatory factor 1	Rattus norvegicus	187-192
35248926-10	2022	Histological examination revealed that compared with the control group, in the 50 mg/kg PQ group on the 3rd and 7th day, the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and iNOS significantly increased, while that of Arg-1 significantly decreased.	Paraquat	88-90	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	139-148
35248926-10	2022	Histological examination revealed that compared with the control group, in the 50 mg/kg PQ group on the 3rd and 7th day, the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and iNOS significantly increased, while that of Arg-1 significantly decreased.	Paraquat	88-90	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	150-158
35248926-10	2022	Histological examination revealed that compared with the control group, in the 50 mg/kg PQ group on the 3rd and 7th day, the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and iNOS significantly increased, while that of Arg-1 significantly decreased.	Paraquat	88-90	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	164-168
35248926-10	2022	Histological examination revealed that compared with the control group, in the 50 mg/kg PQ group on the 3rd and 7th day, the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and iNOS significantly increased, while that of Arg-1 significantly decreased.	Paraquat	88-90	arginase 1	Rattus norvegicus	208-213
35248926-11	2022	p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 expression significantly increased in the 50 mg/kg PQ group on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day.	Paraquat	70-72	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	2-6
35248926-11	2022	p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 expression significantly increased in the 50 mg/kg PQ group on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day.	Paraquat	70-72	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	13-18
35248926-13	2022	After AG490 administration, the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta in the AG490 +PQ group were significantly inhibited in vivo and in vitro compared with the PQ-only group.	Paraquat	114-116	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	76-85
35248926-13	2022	After AG490 administration, the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta in the AG490 +PQ group were significantly inhibited in vivo and in vitro compared with the PQ-only group.	Paraquat	114-116	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	91-99
35248926-13	2022	After AG490 administration, the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta in the AG490 +PQ group were significantly inhibited in vivo and in vitro compared with the PQ-only group.	Paraquat	191-193	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	91-99
35248926-15	2022	CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that acute PQ exposure may induce M1-type polarization of hippocampal microglia by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which in turn releases pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, leading to hippocampal inflammatory damage.	Paraquat	43-45	Janus kinase 2	Rattus norvegicus	130-134
35248926-15	2022	CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that acute PQ exposure may induce M1-type polarization of hippocampal microglia by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which in turn releases pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, leading to hippocampal inflammatory damage.	Paraquat	43-45	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3	Rattus norvegicus	135-140
35248926-15	2022	CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that acute PQ exposure may induce M1-type polarization of hippocampal microglia by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which in turn releases pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, leading to hippocampal inflammatory damage.	Paraquat	43-45	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	206-215
35248926-15	2022	CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that acute PQ exposure may induce M1-type polarization of hippocampal microglia by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which in turn releases pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, leading to hippocampal inflammatory damage.	Paraquat	43-45	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	220-228
35236239-2	2022	This research aims to explore whether Res inhibits miR-136-5p expression, increases heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) expression, and mitigates oxidative stress and PC12 cell apoptosis triggered by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	189-197	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	102-107
35236239-2	2022	This research aims to explore whether Res inhibits miR-136-5p expression, increases heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) expression, and mitigates oxidative stress and PC12 cell apoptosis triggered by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	199-201	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	84-100
35236239-2	2022	This research aims to explore whether Res inhibits miR-136-5p expression, increases heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) expression, and mitigates oxidative stress and PC12 cell apoptosis triggered by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	199-201	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	102-107
35236239-3	2022	Results showed that PQ dose-dependently increased the expression of miR-136-5p, the apoptosis of PC12 cells, the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), caspase-3, and pro-apoptotic protein Bax.	Paraquat	20-22	microRNA 136	Rattus norvegicus	68-75
35236239-3	2022	Results showed that PQ dose-dependently increased the expression of miR-136-5p, the apoptosis of PC12 cells, the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), caspase-3, and pro-apoptotic protein Bax.	Paraquat	20-22	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	228-237
35236239-3	2022	Results showed that PQ dose-dependently increased the expression of miR-136-5p, the apoptosis of PC12 cells, the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), caspase-3, and pro-apoptotic protein Bax.	Paraquat	20-22	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	265-268
35236239-4	2022	In addition, PQ reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, HMOX1 mRNA and protein, and nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and PC12 cells.	Paraquat	13-15	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	65-70
35236239-4	2022	In addition, PQ reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, HMOX1 mRNA and protein, and nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and PC12 cells.	Paraquat	13-15	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-77
35236239-4	2022	In addition, PQ reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, HMOX1 mRNA and protein, and nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and PC12 cells.	Paraquat	13-15	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	100-150
35236239-4	2022	In addition, PQ reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, HMOX1 mRNA and protein, and nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and PC12 cells.	Paraquat	13-15	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	152-156
35236239-4	2022	In addition, PQ reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, HMOX1 mRNA and protein, and nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and PC12 cells.	Paraquat	13-15	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	186-208
35236239-4	2022	In addition, PQ reduced the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, HMOX1 mRNA and protein, and nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein and the activity of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and PC12 cells.	Paraquat	13-15	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	210-214
35270089-1	2022	It has been reported that the mitochondrial carrier family proteins of AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 are necessary for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activation in Arabidopsis, and are responsive to methyl viologen (MV)-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	195-210	Myotubularin-like phosphatases II superfamily	Arabidopsis thaliana	71-77
35142761-0	2022	Fast, sensitive and selective simultaneous determination of paraquat and glyphosate herbicides in water samples using a compact electrochemical sensor.	Paraquat	60-68	Fas activated serine/threonine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-4
35270089-1	2022	It has been reported that the mitochondrial carrier family proteins of AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 are necessary for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activation in Arabidopsis, and are responsive to methyl viologen (MV)-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	195-210	Myotubularin-like phosphatases II superfamily	Arabidopsis thaliana	82-88
35270089-1	2022	It has been reported that the mitochondrial carrier family proteins of AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 are necessary for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activation in Arabidopsis, and are responsive to methyl viologen (MV)-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	212-214	Myotubularin-like phosphatases II superfamily	Arabidopsis thaliana	71-77
35270089-1	2022	It has been reported that the mitochondrial carrier family proteins of AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 are necessary for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activation in Arabidopsis, and are responsive to methyl viologen (MV)-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	212-214	Myotubularin-like phosphatases II superfamily	Arabidopsis thaliana	82-88
35128959-8	2022	It was found that silymarin treatment improved renal function, decreased injury score in kidney tissues, and inhibited the apoptosis and oxidative stress in PQ-induced acute kidney injury through the activating the signaling pathway of Nrf2 and promoting its nuclear translocation.	Paraquat	157-159	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	236-240
35127936-8	2022	Results: In the PQ poisoning mouse model, the lethal dose group PQ360 showed remarkable increases in serum levels of potassium (K+), carbon dioxide (CO2), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared with the nonlethal dose PQ100 and PQ200 groups.	Paraquat	16-18	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	155-179
35127936-8	2022	Results: In the PQ poisoning mouse model, the lethal dose group PQ360 showed remarkable increases in serum levels of potassium (K+), carbon dioxide (CO2), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared with the nonlethal dose PQ100 and PQ200 groups.	Paraquat	16-18	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	181-184
35127936-8	2022	Results: In the PQ poisoning mouse model, the lethal dose group PQ360 showed remarkable increases in serum levels of potassium (K+), carbon dioxide (CO2), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared with the nonlethal dose PQ100 and PQ200 groups.	Paraquat	16-18	solute carrier family 17 (anion/sugar transporter), member 5	Mus musculus	191-217
35127936-11	2022	Conclusions: The combination of age, PQ dosage, K+, Cl-, BUN, ALT, AST, amylase, and NLR can be used to more accurately predict the outcome of patients with PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	157-159	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	62-65
35127936-11	2022	Conclusions: The combination of age, PQ dosage, K+, Cl-, BUN, ALT, AST, amylase, and NLR can be used to more accurately predict the outcome of patients with PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	157-159	solute carrier family 17 member 5	Homo sapiens	67-70
35204102-7	2022	Fibrotic lung areas were found to be significantly smaller (1.6-fold for males and 1.4-fold for females) in PQ-treated lung-Cpr-null mice than in sex- and treatment-matched wild-type mice.	Paraquat	108-110	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Mus musculus	124-127
35204102-8	2022	The levels of collagen in lung tissue homogenate were also lower (1.4-2.3-fold; p < 0.05) in PQ-treated lung-Cpr-null mice compared to PQ-treated wild-type mice.	Paraquat	93-95	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Mus musculus	109-112
35204102-10	2022	Taken together, these results indicate that lung POR plays an important role in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	80-82	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Mus musculus	49-52
35204105-7	2022	Calycosin-fed PQ-exposed flies exhibit significant resistance against PQ-induced mortality and locomotor deficits in terms of reduced oxidative stress, loss of DA neurons, the depletion of dopamine content, and phosphorylated JNK-caspase-3 levels.	Paraquat	14-16	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	226-229
35204105-7	2022	Calycosin-fed PQ-exposed flies exhibit significant resistance against PQ-induced mortality and locomotor deficits in terms of reduced oxidative stress, loss of DA neurons, the depletion of dopamine content, and phosphorylated JNK-caspase-3 levels.	Paraquat	14-16	Death executioner caspase related to Apopain/Yama	Drosophila melanogaster	230-239
35442113-16	2022	CONCLUSION: Decreased miR-200b-3p may function as a biomarker for the diagnosis and survival prognosis of MODS patients, and miR-200b-3p may be involved in the progression of acute paraquat-induced MODS via regulating inflammatory responses by targeting HMGB1.	Paraquat	181-189	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	254-259
2500125-2	1989	Paraquat can be reduced by NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase to the paraquat radical; this results in consumption of NADPH.	Paraquat	0-8	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	27-59
2637243-5	1989	Possible mechanisms were speculated on to account for the inhibitory effects: one being the impaired formation of halothane-cytochrome P450 complex by addition of paraquat, and the other the diversion of electrons from cytochrome-P-450 reductase to generate active paraquat radicals.	Paraquat	163-171	NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase	Oryctolagus cuniculus	219-245
2557706-0	1989	Effect of paraquat on serum and lung angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity in beagle dogs.	Paraquat	10-18	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	37-68
2557706-0	1989	Effect of paraquat on serum and lung angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity in beagle dogs.	Paraquat	10-18	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	70-74
2557706-1	1989	The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lung or serum angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity and lung damage due to the administration of paraquat (PQ) which develops into PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	173-181	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	80-111
2557706-1	1989	The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lung or serum angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity and lung damage due to the administration of paraquat (PQ) which develops into PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	173-181	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	113-117
2557706-1	1989	The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lung or serum angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity and lung damage due to the administration of paraquat (PQ) which develops into PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	183-185	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	80-111
2557706-1	1989	The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lung or serum angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity and lung damage due to the administration of paraquat (PQ) which develops into PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	183-185	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	113-117
2557706-1	1989	The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lung or serum angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity and lung damage due to the administration of paraquat (PQ) which develops into PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	207-209	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	80-111
2557706-1	1989	The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lung or serum angiotensin I converting enzyme (AICE) activity and lung damage due to the administration of paraquat (PQ) which develops into PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	207-209	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	113-117
2557706-7	1989	The PQ group experienced a reduction in lung AICE activity and an elevation in the serum AICE activity.	Paraquat	4-6	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	45-49
2557706-7	1989	The PQ group experienced a reduction in lung AICE activity and an elevation in the serum AICE activity.	Paraquat	4-6	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	89-93
2557706-8	1989	These results suggest that PQ damaged the endothelial cells of the lung and releasing lung AICE into the circulating blood, which led to an elevated total AICE activity in the serum.	Paraquat	27-29	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	91-95
2557706-8	1989	These results suggest that PQ damaged the endothelial cells of the lung and releasing lung AICE into the circulating blood, which led to an elevated total AICE activity in the serum.	Paraquat	27-29	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Canis lupus familiaris	155-159
2500125-9	1989	The interaction of paraquat with NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and ferric complexes resulted in an increase in oxygen radical generation, and various ferric complexes increased the catalytic effectiveness and potentiated significantly the toxicity of paraquat via this synergistic increase in oxygen radical generation by the reductase.	Paraquat	19-27	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	33-65
2500125-9	1989	The interaction of paraquat with NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and ferric complexes resulted in an increase in oxygen radical generation, and various ferric complexes increased the catalytic effectiveness and potentiated significantly the toxicity of paraquat via this synergistic increase in oxygen radical generation by the reductase.	Paraquat	254-262	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	33-65
2738559-2	1989	Anti-paraquat antisera were produced by repeated immunization in rabbits with 1-methyl, 1"-hexanoic acid-4,4"-bipyridinium (MHBP) coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA).	Paraquat	5-13	albumin	Oryctolagus cuniculus	148-161
3188024-5	1988	Total SOD activity in Gin-1 cells increased 2-fold (p less than 0.05) in the presence of 1.0 mM PQ for 18-48 hr compared with untreated controls.	Paraquat	96-98	gypsy retrotransposon integrase 1	Homo sapiens	22-27
2545553-7	1989	Desferal-Mn(IV) (Des-Mn), a low molecular weight mimic of SOD, is protective against paraquat toxicity in vivo, presumably because of specificity for O2-.	Paraquat	85-93	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	58-61
2501113-4	1989	Paraquat and menadione were found to undergo redox cycling, catalyzed by NADPH:cytochrome P-450 reductase in placental microsomes.	Paraquat	0-8	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	73-78
2916248-0	1989	Metallothionein-I accumulation in the rat lung following a single paraquat administration.	Paraquat	66-74	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-17
2916248-1	1989	The ability of paraquat (PQ), a free radical inducible chemical, to increase metallothionein-I (MT-I) content in the tissues was determined using radioimmunoassay.	Paraquat	15-23	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	77-94
2916248-1	1989	The ability of paraquat (PQ), a free radical inducible chemical, to increase metallothionein-I (MT-I) content in the tissues was determined using radioimmunoassay.	Paraquat	15-23	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
2916248-1	1989	The ability of paraquat (PQ), a free radical inducible chemical, to increase metallothionein-I (MT-I) content in the tissues was determined using radioimmunoassay.	Paraquat	25-27	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	77-94
2916248-1	1989	The ability of paraquat (PQ), a free radical inducible chemical, to increase metallothionein-I (MT-I) content in the tissues was determined using radioimmunoassay.	Paraquat	25-27	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
2916248-2	1989	A single dose of PQ into the rat caused a sevenfold increase in pulmonary MT-I concentration on day 1 and its concentration returned to the control level by day 5.	Paraquat	17-19	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
2916248-3	1989	Paraquat-induced increase in MT-I was not observed in the kidney, but was seen in the liver.	Paraquat	0-8	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-33
2916248-4	1989	The data show the difference in accumulation of MT-I in liver, kidney and lung after intraperitoneal injection of a high dose of PQ.	Paraquat	129-131	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
2848333-10	1988	However, in the rabbit, a species comparatively resistant to paraquat- and oxygen-induced lung damage, pulmonary IDO activity is 170 times that of rats or mice.	Paraquat	61-69	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Mus musculus	113-116
2848333-12	1988	However, paraquat (10(-4) M and oxygen (100% atmosphere) were able to enhance IDO activity (5-fold) only when SOD had previously been inhibited.	Paraquat	9-17	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-81
3188024-6	1988	Gin-1 cells incubated with 0.25-2.0 mM PQ for 24 hr had significantly increased total SOD (1.5 to 2.0-fold; p less than 0.05).	Paraquat	39-41	gypsy retrotransposon integrase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
3188024-7	1988	CAT activity increased with 1.0 and 2.0 mM PQ (p less than 0.05).	Paraquat	43-45	catalase	Homo sapiens	0-3
3388419-5	1988	In contrast, significant (p less than 0.05) elevations in lung putrescine (407% of control), spermidine (202% of control), and ODC activity (174% of control were measured in lungs of rats given 500 nmol PQ/hr [1.31 +/- 0.53 mumol/kg/hr (n = 14)].	Paraquat	203-205	ornithine decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	127-130
3190453-7	1988	A negative correlation was observed between log [I50 for erythrocyte AChE] and log [IS], among paraquat and its derivatives, monoquaternary ammoniums and anticholinergic drugs, respectively.	Paraquat	95-103	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	69-73
3419164-0	1988	The reoxidation of cytochrome P-450 by paraquat inhibits aldosterone biosynthesis from 18-hydroxycorticosterone.	Paraquat	39-47	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	19-35
3419164-1	1988	Paraquat is an artificial electron carrier that captures electrons from reduced cytochrome P-450 instead of the natural acceptors, thus decreasing the concentration of reduced mitochondrial cytochrome P-450.	Paraquat	0-8	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	80-96
3419164-1	1988	Paraquat is an artificial electron carrier that captures electrons from reduced cytochrome P-450 instead of the natural acceptors, thus decreasing the concentration of reduced mitochondrial cytochrome P-450.	Paraquat	0-8	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	190-206
3419164-5	1988	In our conditions, the inhibitory role of paraquat seems restricted to a capture of electrons from reduced cytochrome P-450.	Paraquat	42-50	cytochrome P450 family 4 subfamily F member 3	Homo sapiens	107-123
3388418-9	1988	Significant (p less than 0.05) increases in lung glutathione and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and GSSG reductase resulted from both PQ doses, reflecting PQ-induced oxidant stress and increased demand on lung NADPH.	Paraquat	151-153	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	79-112
2828357-6	1988	NIH/3T3 cells whose content of superoxide dismutase was increased by transcription of the transfected cDNA for the human CuZn superoxide dismutase were also resistant to paraquat, suggesting strongly that paraquat promotes the formation of O2- as a necessary part of its cytotoxic effects in two types of cultured mammalian cells.	Paraquat	170-178	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	121-146
3388418-9	1988	Significant (p less than 0.05) increases in lung glutathione and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and GSSG reductase resulted from both PQ doses, reflecting PQ-induced oxidant stress and increased demand on lung NADPH.	Paraquat	172-174	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	79-112
2835006-1	1988	Methylene blue competes 100 to 600 times more effectively than paraquat for reduction by three different flavo-containing enzymes; xanthine oxidase, NADH cytochrome c reductase, and NADPH cytochrome c reductase.	Paraquat	63-71	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	154-166
2835006-1	1988	Methylene blue competes 100 to 600 times more effectively than paraquat for reduction by three different flavo-containing enzymes; xanthine oxidase, NADH cytochrome c reductase, and NADPH cytochrome c reductase.	Paraquat	63-71	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	188-200
2835006-4	1988	In the presence of cytochrome c the methylene blue caused a sharp decrease in both paraquat-induced superoxide and hydroxyl radical production.	Paraquat	83-91	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	19-31
3352241-2	1988	The method reported here utilizes SepPak C18 cartridges to extract paraquat directly from plasma or serum without deproteinization.	Paraquat	67-75	Bardet-Biedl syndrome 9	Homo sapiens	41-44
3384345-0	1988	Protection of Chinese hamster ovary cells from paraquat-mediated cytotoxicity by a low molecular weight mimic of superoxide dismutase (DF-Mn).	Paraquat	47-55	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	113-133
3384345-10	1988	Finally, at higher concentrations, purified human SOD, exerts a limited toxicity as well as a protective ability against paraquat (similar to DF-Mn) both of which are eliminated upon heat denaturation of the enzyme.	Paraquat	121-129	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
3550041-3	1986	Incorporation of paraquat in the growth medium resulted in minimally three-fold higher levels of catalase.	Paraquat	17-25	catalase	Homo sapiens	97-105
2826141-5	1987	In CTAB-reversed micellar solutions, quenching of the Zn-porphyrin cytochrome c triplet state by ferricyanide and methyl viologen was studied.	Paraquat	114-129	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	67-79
3694705-0	1987	Unilateral paraquat-induced lung fibrosis: evolution of changes in lung fibronectin and collagen after graded degrees of lung injury.	Paraquat	11-19	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	72-83
3694705-5	1987	Lavage fibronectin increased after high doses of paraquat, peaked at 2 d postinjury, decreased sharply after 3 d and was normal by 7 d. The temporal pattern was similar to that for albumin.	Paraquat	49-57	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	7-18
3026385-5	1986	To establish the presence of [17O2]oxygen in our incubations, a portion of the gas from the lipoxygenase/linoleate experiments was used to prepare the 4-POBN-superoxide radical adduct utilizing a superoxide producing microsomal/paraquat/NADPH system.	Paraquat	228-236	linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase-4	Glycine max	92-104
3020022-1	1986	NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase-catalyzed reduction of paraquat promoted the release of iron from ferritin.	Paraquat	56-64	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	0-32
3707996-1	1986	10-day-old maize leaves were treated with the oxygen free radical-generating herbicide paraquat for 12 h. Paraquat treatments (10(-5) M) resulted in a 40% increase in superoxide dismutase activity and a smaller increase in catalase activity.	Paraquat	87-95	superoxide dismutase	Zea mays	167-187
3707996-1	1986	10-day-old maize leaves were treated with the oxygen free radical-generating herbicide paraquat for 12 h. Paraquat treatments (10(-5) M) resulted in a 40% increase in superoxide dismutase activity and a smaller increase in catalase activity.	Paraquat	106-114	superoxide dismutase	Zea mays	167-187
3707996-5	1986	Isolation and in vitro translation of polysomes from 10(-5) M paraquat-treated leaves indicated that paraquat increased the amount of polysomal mRNA which codes for SOD-4 and SOD-3.	Paraquat	62-70	superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] 4AP	Zea mays	165-170
3707996-5	1986	Isolation and in vitro translation of polysomes from 10(-5) M paraquat-treated leaves indicated that paraquat increased the amount of polysomal mRNA which codes for SOD-4 and SOD-3.	Paraquat	62-70	superoxide dismutase [Mn] 3.1, mitochondrial	Zea mays	175-180
2422787-2	1986	The incorporation of 3H-thymidine, 3H-uridine and 14C-leucine into DNA, RNA and protein, respectively, were all reduced to 25%-70% of the control by PQ at 10(-3) M, but not at 10(-5) M nor 10(-7) M. The activity of SOD in the cells was increased to 130%-270% by 10(-3) M of PQ.	Paraquat	149-151	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	215-218
2422787-3	1986	Among the cells studied, A-549 cells, which were most resistant to the inhibitory effect of PQ on cell growth and the synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein had the highest induction of SOD activity by PQ.	Paraquat	197-199	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	181-184
2422787-4	1986	In contrast, L-2 cells in which the cell growth and the synthesis of nucleic acids and protein were most inhibited had the lowest induction of SOD activity by PQ.	Paraquat	159-161	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	143-146
2422787-5	1986	These results indicate that nucleic acids and protein synthesis are possible targets for lethal effects of PQ in the pulmonary cells, and that the specificity of PQ toxicity in pulmonary cell lines might be related to the ability of induction of SOD by PQ.	Paraquat	162-164	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	246-249
2422787-5	1986	These results indicate that nucleic acids and protein synthesis are possible targets for lethal effects of PQ in the pulmonary cells, and that the specificity of PQ toxicity in pulmonary cell lines might be related to the ability of induction of SOD by PQ.	Paraquat	162-164	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	246-249
3546084-7	1987	When accumulated, paraquat undergoes a NADPH-dependent one-electron reduction to for its free radical which almost instantly reacts with molecular oxygen to reform the cation and concomitantly produce superoxide anion.	Paraquat	18-26	2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
3011416-0	1986	Overproduction of human Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase in transfected cells: extenuation of paraquat-mediated cytotoxicity and enhancement of lipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	88-96	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	24-50
3011416-5	1986	Human and mouse cell clones that overproduce the hSOD-1 had altered properties; they were more resistant to paraquat than the parental cells and showed an increase in lipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	108-116	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	49-55
6849960-13	1983	Cytochrome c, which can compete with P-450 for available electrons from adrenodoxin, like paraquat had an inhibitory effect on NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	90-98	LOC104968582	Bos taurus	0-12
3834063-4	1985	In the system containing MV or FAD, other one-electron reducing flavoenzymes such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form) (NADH) dehydrogenase, lipoamide dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase with an appropriate electron donor, could replace XO.	Paraquat	25-27	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Homo sapiens	184-205
6094249-1	1984	The decay rate of the excited triplet state of Zn cytochrome c was enhanced by electron acceptors including methyl viologen and ferric complexes of cyanide, oxalate, EDTA and cytochrome c at room temperature.	Paraquat	108-123	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	50-62
6641584-3	1983	However, microsomal NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity and cytochrome P-450 content were increased in rats given paraquat in drinking water.	Paraquat	116-124	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily g, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	62-78
6332774-0	1984	Alpha 1-antitrypsin levels in paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	30-38	serpin family A member 1	Homo sapiens	0-19
6703475-7	1984	Lavage fluid from paraquat-exposed animals contained increased amounts of the fibroblast chemoattractant fibronectin (paraquat, 3.1 +/- 0.3 ng/micrograms albumin; control, 1.6 +/- 0.7 ng/micrograms albumin; p less than 0.05), and alveolar macrophages from these animals showed increased fibronectin production suggesting that local production accounted for part of the increased amounts of this glycoprotein (paraquat, 6.1 +/- 2.5 ng/10(6) cell/h; control, 1.4 +/- 0.5 ng/10(6) cell/h; p less than 0.05).	Paraquat	18-26	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	105-116
6703475-7	1984	Lavage fluid from paraquat-exposed animals contained increased amounts of the fibroblast chemoattractant fibronectin (paraquat, 3.1 +/- 0.3 ng/micrograms albumin; control, 1.6 +/- 0.7 ng/micrograms albumin; p less than 0.05), and alveolar macrophages from these animals showed increased fibronectin production suggesting that local production accounted for part of the increased amounts of this glycoprotein (paraquat, 6.1 +/- 2.5 ng/10(6) cell/h; control, 1.4 +/- 0.5 ng/10(6) cell/h; p less than 0.05).	Paraquat	18-26	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	287-298
6149066-5	1984	Paraquat stimulated the activity of catalase but did not affect activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase.	Paraquat	0-8	catalase	Homo sapiens	36-44
6339230-6	1983	In contrast to cortisol and catecholamines, the plasma insulin levels after paraquat treatment were significantly decreased at 3, 6, 12, and 24 hr.	Paraquat	76-84	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	55-62
6339230-2	1983	In this study we report the effects of paraquat (25 mg/kg iv) on plasma glucose, cortisol, catecholamines, and insulin in dogs.	Paraquat	39-47	insulin	Canis lupus familiaris	111-118
6297260-7	1982	The generation of the superoxide anion is discussed in regard to methemoglobin formation by paraquat.	Paraquat	92-100	hemoglobin subunit gamma 2	Homo sapiens	65-78
6275983-4	1982	There was a good correlation between the susceptibility of transformed and untransformed cells to paraquat cytotoxicity and their ability to increase the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymatic activity.	Paraquat	98-106	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	154-174
6293820-4	1982	After the pulse, methyl viologen radicals are formed and the kinetics of these radicals with cytochrome c3 are studied, The reaction between cytochrome c3 and methyl viologen radicals (MV+) is diffusion controlled.	Paraquat	159-174	cytochrome c, somatic	Equus caballus	93-105
6275983-4	1982	There was a good correlation between the susceptibility of transformed and untransformed cells to paraquat cytotoxicity and their ability to increase the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymatic activity.	Paraquat	98-106	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	176-179
6275983-5	1982	We found that paraquat is cytotoxic toward Kirsten sarcoma virus-transformed and SV40-transformed NRK cells which showed low intracellular SOD activity.	Paraquat	14-22	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	139-142
6275983-7	1982	This report also describes the isolation of a revertant (revertant RE8G3) cell line derived from Kirsten sarcoma virus-transformed NRK cells after paraquat treatment which contains SOD activity at levels much higher than those found in NRK cells.	Paraquat	147-155	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	181-184
7224666-6	1981	Paraquat was also found in the airborne particulate matter during mechanical harvesting of one of the fields, the maximum interval-average values being 1,245 and 516 ng/m3 just outside and inside an open cab, respectively.	Paraquat	0-8	chlorophyll a-b binding protein 151, chloroplastic	Gossypium hirsutum	204-207
7214238-5	1981	Methyl viologen, a potent inhibitor of pure culture methanogenesis, inhibited sediment methanogenesis at high concentrations, i.e., 2570 mg L-1, indicating that the sediment environment protected the methanogenic population from the toxic effects of the environmental contaminants.	Paraquat	0-15	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	140-143
6954913-0	1982	Plasma fibronectin in man after a severe paraquat intoxication.	Paraquat	41-49	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	7-18
796699-0	1976	Dominant lethal studies with paraquat and diquat in male CD-1 mice.	Paraquat	29-37	CD1 antigen complex	Mus musculus	57-61
6250433-0	1980	Effect of paraquat on serum angiotensin converting enzyme.	Paraquat	10-18	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	28-57
6250433-1	1980	Intraperitoneal administration of paraquat to mice produced a linear dose-response increase (20 to 50 mg/kg of body weight) in serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).	Paraquat	34-42	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	133-162
6250433-1	1980	Intraperitoneal administration of paraquat to mice produced a linear dose-response increase (20 to 50 mg/kg of body weight) in serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).	Paraquat	34-42	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	164-167
6250433-2	1980	The peak increase (31%) in ACE occurred after 50 mg/kg of paraquat and began at approximately 4 h. ACE was still significantly elevated 8 h after the administration of paraquat, but it began to return to normal 24 h later.	Paraquat	58-66	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	27-30
6250433-2	1980	The peak increase (31%) in ACE occurred after 50 mg/kg of paraquat and began at approximately 4 h. ACE was still significantly elevated 8 h after the administration of paraquat, but it began to return to normal 24 h later.	Paraquat	168-176	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	27-30
6250433-2	1980	The peak increase (31%) in ACE occurred after 50 mg/kg of paraquat and began at approximately 4 h. ACE was still significantly elevated 8 h after the administration of paraquat, but it began to return to normal 24 h later.	Paraquat	168-176	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1	Mus musculus	99-102
7444187-5	1980	The activities of G-6-PDH, GR and GSH Px correlated with the total paraquat dose and with the extent of pulmonary fibrosis measured with an electronic image analyzer.	Paraquat	67-75	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Canis lupus familiaris	18-25
877407-9	1977	PQ injection produces marked elevations of SOD (82%), GP (328%), and GR (36%) in the lungs of PQ-injected controls rats over non-PQ injected controls.	Paraquat	0-2	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	69-71
877407-9	1977	PQ injection produces marked elevations of SOD (82%), GP (328%), and GR (36%) in the lungs of PQ-injected controls rats over non-PQ injected controls.	Paraquat	94-96	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	69-71
877407-9	1977	PQ injection produces marked elevations of SOD (82%), GP (328%), and GR (36%) in the lungs of PQ-injected controls rats over non-PQ injected controls.	Paraquat	94-96	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	69-71
24481735-1	1972	Nitrite reductase from corn scutellum-a non-chlorophyllous tissue-can use methyl viologen, benzyl viologen or ferredoxin as electron donor.	Paraquat	74-89	ferredoxin--nitrite reductase, chloroplastic	Zea mays	0-17
1017417-9	1976	Furthermore, rats chronically exposed to 100 ppm paraquat in the water had elevated pulmonary activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and GSH reductase.	Paraquat	49-57	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	108-141
5169442-0	1971	Stimulation of hydrogenation of linoleate in Treponema (Borrelia) sp, strain B2-5 by reduced methyl viologen and by reduced benzyl viologen.	Paraquat	93-108	immunoglobulin kappa variable 5-2	Homo sapiens	77-81
34036384-0	2021	Endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the PERK signaling pathway in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	106-114	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	80-84
34036384-7	2021	The results of the present study revealed that the protein expression levels of PERK, phosphorylated (p)-PERK, p-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2)alpha were significantly upregulated in the PQ group, whereas p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-GSK-3beta were significantly upregulated in the sicontrol + PQ group compared with the sicontrol group.	Paraquat	194-196	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	80-84
34036384-7	2021	The results of the present study revealed that the protein expression levels of PERK, phosphorylated (p)-PERK, p-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2)alpha were significantly upregulated in the PQ group, whereas p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-GSK-3beta were significantly upregulated in the sicontrol + PQ group compared with the sicontrol group.	Paraquat	194-196	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	105-109
34036384-7	2021	The results of the present study revealed that the protein expression levels of PERK, phosphorylated (p)-PERK, p-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2)alpha were significantly upregulated in the PQ group, whereas p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-GSK-3beta were significantly upregulated in the sicontrol + PQ group compared with the sicontrol group.	Paraquat	194-196	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	145-155
34036384-7	2021	The results of the present study revealed that the protein expression levels of PERK, phosphorylated (p)-PERK, p-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2)alpha were significantly upregulated in the PQ group, whereas p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-GSK-3beta were significantly upregulated in the sicontrol + PQ group compared with the sicontrol group.	Paraquat	194-196	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	222-225
34036384-7	2021	The results of the present study revealed that the protein expression levels of PERK, phosphorylated (p)-PERK, p-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2)alpha were significantly upregulated in the PQ group, whereas p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-GSK-3beta were significantly upregulated in the sicontrol + PQ group compared with the sicontrol group.	Paraquat	194-196	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	232-241
34036384-7	2021	The results of the present study revealed that the protein expression levels of PERK, phosphorylated (p)-PERK, p-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2)alpha were significantly upregulated in the PQ group, whereas p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-GSK-3beta were significantly upregulated in the sicontrol + PQ group compared with the sicontrol group.	Paraquat	292-294	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	80-84
34036384-11	2021	These indicated that PQ-induced EMT was suppressed after silencing PERK.	Paraquat	21-23	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	67-71
34036384-12	2021	The expression levels of p-GSK-3beta, p-AKT and p-PI3K were also markedly downregulated in the siPERK + PQ group compared with the sicontrol + PQ group.	Paraquat	104-106	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	27-36
34036384-12	2021	The expression levels of p-GSK-3beta, p-AKT and p-PI3K were also markedly downregulated in the siPERK + PQ group compared with the sicontrol + PQ group.	Paraquat	104-106	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	40-43
34036384-13	2021	In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that ER stress may promote EMT through the PERK signaling pathway in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	128-130	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	102-106
33838153-6	2021	Interestingly, toll-interacting protein (Tollip), a negative regulator of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) phosphorylation, was demonstrated to be increased by IRN injection in the renal cortex of PQ-intoxicated rats.	Paraquat	215-217	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	15-39
33838153-6	2021	Interestingly, toll-interacting protein (Tollip), a negative regulator of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) phosphorylation, was demonstrated to be increased by IRN injection in the renal cortex of PQ-intoxicated rats.	Paraquat	215-217	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	41-47
33838153-6	2021	Interestingly, toll-interacting protein (Tollip), a negative regulator of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) phosphorylation, was demonstrated to be increased by IRN injection in the renal cortex of PQ-intoxicated rats.	Paraquat	215-217	interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	74-116
33838153-6	2021	Interestingly, toll-interacting protein (Tollip), a negative regulator of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) phosphorylation, was demonstrated to be increased by IRN injection in the renal cortex of PQ-intoxicated rats.	Paraquat	215-217	interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	118-123
33838153-7	2021	In vitro experiments revealed that IRN protected renal tubular epithelial cells against PQ toxicity through suppressing oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage, and these protective effects were reversed by Tollip shRNA.	Paraquat	88-90	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	209-215
33838153-8	2021	Collectively, the present study demonstrated that IRN ameliorated PQ-induced AKI by attenuating oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage through upregulating Tollip, which provides new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	66-68	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	159-165
33838153-8	2021	Collectively, the present study demonstrated that IRN ameliorated PQ-induced AKI by attenuating oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage through upregulating Tollip, which provides new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	234-236	toll interacting protein	Rattus norvegicus	159-165
34001560-6	2021	Deleting all four msr genes in USA300 LAC (Deltamsr) sensitizes S. aureus to hypochlorous acid (HOCl) killing, however, Deltamsr does not exhibit increased sensitivity to H2O2 stress or superoxide anion stress generated by paraquat or pyocyanin.	Paraquat	223-231	5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase	Mus musculus	18-21
33786626-0	2021	Fluorofenidone attenuates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy.	Paraquat	26-34	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	85-88
33786626-0	2021	Fluorofenidone attenuates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy.	Paraquat	26-34	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	89-93
33786626-12	2021	Overall, these findings suggested that AKF-PD can alleviate PQ-induced inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and by upregulating autophagy.	Paraquat	60-62	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	130-133
33786626-12	2021	Overall, these findings suggested that AKF-PD can alleviate PQ-induced inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and by upregulating autophagy.	Paraquat	60-62	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	134-138
34052309-0	2021	Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by glibenclamide attenuated dopaminergic neurodegeneration and motor deficits in paraquat and maneb-induced mouse Parkinson"s disease model.	Paraquat	114-122	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	14-19
34052309-8	2021	Finally, the increased superoxide production, lipid peroxidation, protein levels of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by paraquat and maneb were all attenuated by glibenclamide.	Paraquat	161-169	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	84-99
34052309-8	2021	Finally, the increased superoxide production, lipid peroxidation, protein levels of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by paraquat and maneb were all attenuated by glibenclamide.	Paraquat	161-169	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	101-105
34052309-8	2021	Finally, the increased superoxide production, lipid peroxidation, protein levels of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by paraquat and maneb were all attenuated by glibenclamide.	Paraquat	161-169	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	111-142
34052309-8	2021	Finally, the increased superoxide production, lipid peroxidation, protein levels of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induced by paraquat and maneb were all attenuated by glibenclamide.	Paraquat	161-169	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	144-148
34024870-6	2021	Sulforaphane and auranofin, activators of Nrf2 that is a master regulator of anti-oxidative response, did not affect U46619-evoked edema but almost abolished TCDD-induced edema and potentiation by paraquat in both TCDD- and U46619-induced edema.	Paraquat	197-205	nfe2 like bZIP transcription factor 2a	Danio rerio	42-46
33156613-0	2021	Paraquat Treatment Compromises the Clearance of beta-Amyloid and Tau Proteins and Induces Primary Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Death through HSP70, P20S, and TFEB Disruption.	Paraquat	0-8	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	65-68
33156613-0	2021	Paraquat Treatment Compromises the Clearance of beta-Amyloid and Tau Proteins and Induces Primary Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Death through HSP70, P20S, and TFEB Disruption.	Paraquat	0-8	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	138-143
33156613-0	2021	Paraquat Treatment Compromises the Clearance of beta-Amyloid and Tau Proteins and Induces Primary Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Death through HSP70, P20S, and TFEB Disruption.	Paraquat	0-8	transcription factor EB	Homo sapiens	155-159
33156613-3	2021	Single and repeated PQ treatment increased Abeta and tau protein levels, through HSP70 and TFEB downregulation and proteasome 20S inhibition, producing cell death in primary hippocampal neurons associated with cognitive decline.	Paraquat	20-22	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	43-48
33156613-3	2021	Single and repeated PQ treatment increased Abeta and tau protein levels, through HSP70 and TFEB downregulation and proteasome 20S inhibition, producing cell death in primary hippocampal neurons associated with cognitive decline.	Paraquat	20-22	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	53-56
33156613-3	2021	Single and repeated PQ treatment increased Abeta and tau protein levels, through HSP70 and TFEB downregulation and proteasome 20S inhibition, producing cell death in primary hippocampal neurons associated with cognitive decline.	Paraquat	20-22	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	81-86
33156613-3	2021	Single and repeated PQ treatment increased Abeta and tau protein levels, through HSP70 and TFEB downregulation and proteasome 20S inhibition, producing cell death in primary hippocampal neurons associated with cognitive decline.	Paraquat	20-22	transcription factor EB	Homo sapiens	91-95
33737140-3	2021	Our results show that the fast CO releaser CORM-3 (4-20 muM) acts as a potential scavenger of free radicals and decreases fibrosis progression by inhibiting paraquat-induced overexpression of connective tissue growth factor and angiotensin II in MRC-5 cells.	Paraquat	157-165	angiotensinogen	Homo sapiens	228-242
33940779-2	2021	The current study aimed to determine if G-CSF reverses behavioral deficits, even after motor malfunction occurs in Paraquat (PQ)-treated mice.	Paraquat	125-127	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	40-45
33966044-6	2021	In Drosophila, pan-neuronal dDOR overexpression improved survival under paraquat exposure and mitigated the progressive locomotor decline and the loss of DA neurons caused by the human alpha-synuclein A30P variant.	Paraquat	72-80	deep orange	Drosophila melanogaster	28-32
33940779-9	2021	CONCLUSIONS: The data strongly suggest that G-CSF reverses behavioral deficits in PQ-treated mice with movement disorders.	Paraquat	82-84	colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte)	Mus musculus	44-49
33760150-0	2021	Lipoxin A4 protects against paraquat-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88-mediated activation of the NF-kappaB and PI3K/AKT pathways.	Paraquat	28-36	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	138-141
33760150-0	2021	Lipoxin A4 protects against paraquat-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88-mediated activation of the NF-kappaB and PI3K/AKT pathways.	Paraquat	28-36	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	81-85
33760150-6	2021	Furthermore, the in vitro experiments further confirmed that the beneficial effects of LXA4 on PQ-induced damage were TLR4-dependent.	Paraquat	95-97	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	118-122
33760150-0	2021	Lipoxin A4 protects against paraquat-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88-mediated activation of the NF-kappaB and PI3K/AKT pathways.	Paraquat	28-36	MYD88, innate immune signal transduction adaptor	Rattus norvegicus	86-91
33760150-7	2021	Hence, the present study demonstrated that LXA4 attenuated PQ-induced toxicity in lung tissue and RAW264.7 macrophages, and that this protective effect may be closely related to the mitigation of inflammatory responses, oxidative stress damage and the TLR4/MyD88-mediated activation of the PI3K/AKT/NF-kappaB pathway.	Paraquat	59-61	toll-like receptor 4	Rattus norvegicus	252-256
33760150-7	2021	Hence, the present study demonstrated that LXA4 attenuated PQ-induced toxicity in lung tissue and RAW264.7 macrophages, and that this protective effect may be closely related to the mitigation of inflammatory responses, oxidative stress damage and the TLR4/MyD88-mediated activation of the PI3K/AKT/NF-kappaB pathway.	Paraquat	59-61	MYD88, innate immune signal transduction adaptor	Rattus norvegicus	257-262
33760150-7	2021	Hence, the present study demonstrated that LXA4 attenuated PQ-induced toxicity in lung tissue and RAW264.7 macrophages, and that this protective effect may be closely related to the mitigation of inflammatory responses, oxidative stress damage and the TLR4/MyD88-mediated activation of the PI3K/AKT/NF-kappaB pathway.	Paraquat	59-61	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	295-298
33900547-0	2021	Roles of Bak and Sirt3 in Paraquat-Induced Cochlear Hair Cell Damage.	Paraquat	26-34	sirtuin 3	Mus musculus	17-22
33544450-3	2021	The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the hepatoprotective effects of curcumin and nanocurcumin against liver damage caused by sub-acute exposure with PQ via modulation of oxidative stress and genes expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway.	Paraquat	162-164	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	224-267
33544450-3	2021	The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the hepatoprotective effects of curcumin and nanocurcumin against liver damage caused by sub-acute exposure with PQ via modulation of oxidative stress and genes expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway.	Paraquat	162-164	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	269-273
33544450-7	2021	PQ significantly increased malondialdehyde, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase levels, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 gene expression and also decreased total antioxidant capacity, total thiol group levels, Glutathione S-transferases, heme oxygenase 1, Nrf2, and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 genes expression, causing histological damages to liver tissue.	Paraquat	0-2	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	66-92
33544450-7	2021	PQ significantly increased malondialdehyde, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase levels, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 gene expression and also decreased total antioxidant capacity, total thiol group levels, Glutathione S-transferases, heme oxygenase 1, Nrf2, and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 genes expression, causing histological damages to liver tissue.	Paraquat	0-2	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	127-162
33544450-7	2021	PQ significantly increased malondialdehyde, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase levels, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 gene expression and also decreased total antioxidant capacity, total thiol group levels, Glutathione S-transferases, heme oxygenase 1, Nrf2, and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 genes expression, causing histological damages to liver tissue.	Paraquat	0-2	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	280-296
33544450-7	2021	PQ significantly increased malondialdehyde, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase levels, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 gene expression and also decreased total antioxidant capacity, total thiol group levels, Glutathione S-transferases, heme oxygenase 1, Nrf2, and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 genes expression, causing histological damages to liver tissue.	Paraquat	0-2	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	298-302
33544450-7	2021	PQ significantly increased malondialdehyde, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase levels, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 gene expression and also decreased total antioxidant capacity, total thiol group levels, Glutathione S-transferases, heme oxygenase 1, Nrf2, and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 genes expression, causing histological damages to liver tissue.	Paraquat	0-2	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	308-340
33544450-9	2021	Our findings showed that nanocurcumin had better hepatoprotective effect than curcumin in liver damage after PQ exposure most likely through modulation of oxidative stress and genes expression of Nrf2 pathway.	Paraquat	109-111	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	196-200
33739421-2	2021	We recently observed that the murine homologue to the human H63D variant of the homeostatic iron regulator (HFE) may decrease paraquat-associated nigral neurotoxicity in mice.	Paraquat	126-134	homeostatic iron regulator	Homo sapiens	108-111
33854134-0	2021	Carvacrol and PPARgamma agonist, pioglitazone, affects inhaled paraquat-induced lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	63-71	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	14-23
33910280-0	2021	[The mechanism of HDAC6 in paraquat-induced autophagy dysfunction of dopaminergic neurons by mediating aggresome-autophagy-lysosomal pathway].	Paraquat	27-35	histone deacetylase 6	Homo sapiens	18-23
33910280-1	2021	Objective: To explore the mechanism of HDAC6 mediated aggresome-autophagy-lysosome pathway in paraquat-induced autophagy in dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	94-102	histone deacetylase 6	Homo sapiens	39-44
33592258-8	2021	In vitro, A549 cells were treated with 250 microM PQ for 24 h. Incubation of A549 cells with PQ led to apoptosis, and increased the level of superoxide anions, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde and the activity of caspase-3 and up-regulation of phosphorylated p38-MAPK, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) and the activity of SOD.	Paraquat	50-52	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	227-236
33592258-8	2021	In vitro, A549 cells were treated with 250 microM PQ for 24 h. Incubation of A549 cells with PQ led to apoptosis, and increased the level of superoxide anions, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde and the activity of caspase-3 and up-regulation of phosphorylated p38-MAPK, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) and the activity of SOD.	Paraquat	50-52	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	273-281
33592258-8	2021	In vitro, A549 cells were treated with 250 microM PQ for 24 h. Incubation of A549 cells with PQ led to apoptosis, and increased the level of superoxide anions, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde and the activity of caspase-3 and up-regulation of phosphorylated p38-MAPK, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) and the activity of SOD.	Paraquat	93-95	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	227-236
33592258-8	2021	In vitro, A549 cells were treated with 250 microM PQ for 24 h. Incubation of A549 cells with PQ led to apoptosis, and increased the level of superoxide anions, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde and the activity of caspase-3 and up-regulation of phosphorylated p38-MAPK, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) and the activity of SOD.	Paraquat	93-95	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	273-281
33592258-10	2021	In addition, AEE pretreatment reduced p38-MAPK phosphorylation in PQ-treated A549 cells.	Paraquat	66-68	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	38-46
33592258-13	2021	The results showed that AEE may inhibit PQ-induced cell damage through ROS/p38-MAPK-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.	Paraquat	40-42	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	75-83
33592258-0	2021	Aspirin eugenol ester ameliorates paraquat-induced oxidative damage through ROS/p38-MAPK-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.	Paraquat	34-42	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	80-88
33854134-6	2021	The synergic effect of carvacrol and pioglitazone suggests PPAR-gamma receptor mediated effects of carvacrol on inhaled PQ-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	120-122	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	59-69
33789349-4	2021	Loss of any of these PD collagens-DPY-2, DPY-3, DPY-7, DPY-8, DPY-9, and DPY-10-led to enhanced susceptibility of nematodes to paraquat (PQ) and antihelminthic drugs- levamisole and ivermectin.	Paraquat	127-135	Cuticle collagen dpy-2	Caenorhabditis elegans	34-39
33422762-0	2021	Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission contributes to mitophagy in paraquat-induced neuronal cell damage.	Paraquat	64-72	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	0-4
33333238-2	2021	In the present study, the effects of Tollip overexpression on paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury were explored through in vivo and in vitro investigations.	Paraquat	62-70	toll interacting protein	Mus musculus	37-43
33333238-2	2021	In the present study, the effects of Tollip overexpression on paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury were explored through in vivo and in vitro investigations.	Paraquat	72-74	toll interacting protein	Mus musculus	37-43
33333238-3	2021	Upon stimulation with PQ in mice, the expression of Tollip was down-regulated.	Paraquat	22-24	toll interacting protein	Mus musculus	52-58
33333238-5	2021	Similarly, the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) were lowered by Tollip overexpression in PQ-administrated mice.	Paraquat	121-123	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	25-40
33333238-5	2021	Similarly, the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) were lowered by Tollip overexpression in PQ-administrated mice.	Paraquat	121-123	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	42-45
33333238-5	2021	Similarly, the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) were lowered by Tollip overexpression in PQ-administrated mice.	Paraquat	121-123	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	51-68
33333238-5	2021	Similarly, the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) were lowered by Tollip overexpression in PQ-administrated mice.	Paraquat	121-123	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	70-78
33333238-5	2021	Similarly, the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) were lowered by Tollip overexpression in PQ-administrated mice.	Paraquat	121-123	toll interacting protein	Mus musculus	96-102
33333238-6	2021	Besides, the overexpression of Tollip reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and malondialdehyde (MDA) level but enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in PQ-treated A549 cells.	Paraquat	171-173	toll interacting protein	Mus musculus	31-37
33333238-9	2021	Taken together, Tollip overexpression attenuated PQ-initiated lung injury possibly via reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation and suppression of NF-kappaB signaling pathway activation, which provided some novel ideas for the treatment of lung damage mediated by PQ.	Paraquat	49-51	toll interacting protein	Mus musculus	16-22
33333238-9	2021	Taken together, Tollip overexpression attenuated PQ-initiated lung injury possibly via reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation and suppression of NF-kappaB signaling pathway activation, which provided some novel ideas for the treatment of lung damage mediated by PQ.	Paraquat	49-51	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	153-162
33333238-9	2021	Taken together, Tollip overexpression attenuated PQ-initiated lung injury possibly via reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation and suppression of NF-kappaB signaling pathway activation, which provided some novel ideas for the treatment of lung damage mediated by PQ.	Paraquat	270-272	toll interacting protein	Mus musculus	16-22
33713138-5	2021	Interestingly, med8 seedlings were more tolerant to oxidative stress generated by the herbicide methyl viologen and exhibited transcriptional hyperactivation of defense signaling, in particular salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-related pathways.	Paraquat	96-111	mediator subunit 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	15-19
33713138-6	2021	The med8-triggered tolerance to methyl viologen was manipulated by introduction of secondary mutations in salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways.	Paraquat	32-47	mediator subunit 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	4-8
33747095-0	2021	HGF-Modified Dental Pulp Stem Cells Mitigate the Inflammatory and Fibrotic Responses in Paraquat-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.	Paraquat	88-96	hepatocyte growth factor	Homo sapiens	0-3
33747095-13	2021	DPSCs-HGF reduced lung permeability and increased the survival rate of PQ mice from 20% to 50%.	Paraquat	71-73	hepatocyte growth factor	Mus musculus	6-9
33747095-17	2021	The results suggested that DPSCs-HGF transplantation was a potential therapeutic approach for PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	94-96	hepatocyte growth factor	Mus musculus	33-36
33422762-4	2021	Hence, we investigated the potential role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in PQ-induced mitophagy, aiming to elaborate on possible molecular mechanisms involved in PQ-triggered neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	115-117	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	79-104
33422762-4	2021	Hence, we investigated the potential role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in PQ-induced mitophagy, aiming to elaborate on possible molecular mechanisms involved in PQ-triggered neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	115-117	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	106-110
33422762-8	2021	Thus, our findings provide a novel neurotoxic mechanism and reveal the DRP1-mitochondrial fission pathway as a potential target for treatments of PQ-induced excessive mitophagy, serving as an alternative target for the prevention and treatment of Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	146-148	dynamin 1 like	Homo sapiens	71-75
33536346-10	2021	Overexpression of KMT5B also alleviated paraquat-induced inflammatory status, and promoted the expression of ADGRF5, RBL1, SFTPD and SFTPB.	Paraquat	40-48	lysine methyltransferase 5B	Mus musculus	18-23
33668638-3	2021	In this study, we characterized root growth, plant biomass, actin organization and antioxidant activity of the der1-3 mutant under oxidative stress induced by paraquat and H2O2.	Paraquat	159-167	DERLIN-1	Arabidopsis thaliana	111-117
33536346-0	2021	Trimethylation of H4K20 regulated by RBL1/KMT5B/E2F3 signaling pathway played a protective role in attenuating paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	111-119	RB transcriptional corepressor like 1	Mus musculus	37-41
33536346-0	2021	Trimethylation of H4K20 regulated by RBL1/KMT5B/E2F3 signaling pathway played a protective role in attenuating paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	111-119	lysine methyltransferase 5B	Mus musculus	42-47
33691365-1	2021	Objective: To analyze the levels of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8) in patients with paraquat poisoning, and to explore the relationship between the changes of T lymphocyte subsets and the prognosis of pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	102-110	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	76-79
33691365-1	2021	Objective: To analyze the levels of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8) in patients with paraquat poisoning, and to explore the relationship between the changes of T lymphocyte subsets and the prognosis of pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	102-110	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	80-83
33536346-0	2021	Trimethylation of H4K20 regulated by RBL1/KMT5B/E2F3 signaling pathway played a protective role in attenuating paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	111-119	E2F transcription factor 3	Mus musculus	48-52
33536346-12	2021	CONCLUSION: The trimethylation of H4K20 and expression of ADGRF5 regulated by RBL1/KMT5B/E2F3 signaling pathway could inhibited paraquat-induced ALI, which might be potential targets for clinical treatment.	Paraquat	128-136	adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F5	Mus musculus	58-64
33536346-2	2021	However, whether RBL1/KMT5B/E2F3 signaling could activate expression of Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F5 (ADGRF5) and play protective roles in paraquat-induced ALI had not been studied.	Paraquat	149-157	RB transcriptional corepressor like 1	Mus musculus	17-21
33536346-9	2021	RESULTS: Overexpression of KMT5B attenuated paraquat-induced damages in lung tissues of ALI mice, and upregulated the expression of ADGRF5 compared with ALI group.	Paraquat	44-52	lysine methyltransferase 5B	Mus musculus	27-32
33536346-12	2021	CONCLUSION: The trimethylation of H4K20 and expression of ADGRF5 regulated by RBL1/KMT5B/E2F3 signaling pathway could inhibited paraquat-induced ALI, which might be potential targets for clinical treatment.	Paraquat	128-136	RB transcriptional corepressor like 1	Mus musculus	78-82
33536346-12	2021	CONCLUSION: The trimethylation of H4K20 and expression of ADGRF5 regulated by RBL1/KMT5B/E2F3 signaling pathway could inhibited paraquat-induced ALI, which might be potential targets for clinical treatment.	Paraquat	128-136	lysine methyltransferase 5B	Mus musculus	83-88
33536346-12	2021	CONCLUSION: The trimethylation of H4K20 and expression of ADGRF5 regulated by RBL1/KMT5B/E2F3 signaling pathway could inhibited paraquat-induced ALI, which might be potential targets for clinical treatment.	Paraquat	128-136	E2F transcription factor 3	Mus musculus	89-93
33383311-13	2021	PINK1 gene silencing was used to determine the significance of mitophagy during PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	80-82	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
33015978-0	2021	Thal protects against paraquat-induced lung injury through a microRNA-141/HDAC6/IkappaBalpha-NF-kappaB axis in rat and cell models.	Paraquat	22-30	histone deacetylase 6	Rattus norvegicus	74-79
33015978-13	2021	Overexpression of HDAC6 blocked the protection of thalidomide against PQ-induced injury via activating the IkBalpha-NF-kappaB signalling pathway.	Paraquat	70-72	histone deacetylase 6	Rattus norvegicus	18-23
33015978-14	2021	Collectively, this study evidenced that thalidomide protects lung tissues from PQ-induced injury through a miR-141/HDAC6/IkBalpha-NF-kappaB axis.	Paraquat	79-81	microRNA 141	Rattus norvegicus	107-114
33015978-14	2021	Collectively, this study evidenced that thalidomide protects lung tissues from PQ-induced injury through a miR-141/HDAC6/IkBalpha-NF-kappaB axis.	Paraquat	79-81	histone deacetylase 6	Rattus norvegicus	115-120
33383311-16	2021	Furthermore, HLJDT mitigated PQ-induced increases in full-length PINK1, phosphorylations of Parkin and ubiquitin, mitochondrial translocation of phosphorylated Parkin, and mitophagy.	Paraquat	29-31	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
33383311-17	2021	PINK1 gene silencing attenuated PQ-induced neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	32-34	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
33495402-8	2021	Our findings on the regulation of collagen gene transcription by paraquat could suggest potential strategies to treat pulmonary fibrosis caused by paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	65-73	Col_cuticle_N domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	34-42
33495402-0	2021	Modeling paraquat-induced lung fibrosis in C. elegans reveals KRIT1 as a key regulator of collagen gene transcription.	Paraquat	9-17	KRIT1 ankyrin repeat containing	Homo sapiens	62-67
33064264-6	2021	In chronic oxidative stress studies with paraquat, both grk-1 and grk-2 mutants had longer lifespan compared with the wild-type N2 animals in stress.	Paraquat	41-49	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	56-61
33495402-0	2021	Modeling paraquat-induced lung fibrosis in C. elegans reveals KRIT1 as a key regulator of collagen gene transcription.	Paraquat	9-17	Col_cuticle_N domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	90-98
33120262-0	2021	Inflammatory lncRNA AK039862 regulates paraquat-inhibited proliferation and migration of microglial and neuronal cells through the Pafah1b1/Foxa1 pathway in co-culture environments.	Paraquat	39-47	platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, isoform 1b, subunit 1	Mus musculus	131-139
33120262-0	2021	Inflammatory lncRNA AK039862 regulates paraquat-inhibited proliferation and migration of microglial and neuronal cells through the Pafah1b1/Foxa1 pathway in co-culture environments.	Paraquat	39-47	forkhead box A1	Mus musculus	140-145
33064264-6	2021	In chronic oxidative stress studies with paraquat, both grk-1 and grk-2 mutants had longer lifespan compared with the wild-type N2 animals in stress.	Paraquat	41-49	G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2	Caenorhabditis elegans	66-71
32734364-6	2021	Findings of this work displayed that the renal contents of the vitamin C, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) significantly reduced and the levels of the serum protein carbonyl, creatinine, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (sGPT), urea, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (sGOT), uric acid, MDA, serum IL-1beta, and the kidney IL-1beta gene expression were remarkably increased in the group receiving PRQ only compared with that in the control group.	Paraquat	424-427	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	116-119
32734364-7	2021	On the other hand, treatment with gallic acid after exposure to PRQ led to a significant elevation in renal vitamin C, SOD, and CAT levels plus a remarkable decrease in the serum protein carbonyl, creatinine, sGPT, urea, sGOT, uric acid, MDA, IL-1beta, and renal gene expression of IL-1beta in comparison with the PRQ-only-treated rats.	Paraquat	64-67	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	128-131
32734364-7	2021	On the other hand, treatment with gallic acid after exposure to PRQ led to a significant elevation in renal vitamin C, SOD, and CAT levels plus a remarkable decrease in the serum protein carbonyl, creatinine, sGPT, urea, sGOT, uric acid, MDA, IL-1beta, and renal gene expression of IL-1beta in comparison with the PRQ-only-treated rats.	Paraquat	64-67	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	243-251
32734364-7	2021	On the other hand, treatment with gallic acid after exposure to PRQ led to a significant elevation in renal vitamin C, SOD, and CAT levels plus a remarkable decrease in the serum protein carbonyl, creatinine, sGPT, urea, sGOT, uric acid, MDA, IL-1beta, and renal gene expression of IL-1beta in comparison with the PRQ-only-treated rats.	Paraquat	64-67	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	282-290
33160981-6	2021	The aim of this study was to investigate if the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib (CXB) exerts a direct neuroprotective effect in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and paraquat (PQ) PD models.	Paraquat	174-182	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	58-74
33390951-0	2020	Arctigenin Suppressed Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Through Wnt3a/beta-Catenin Pathway in PQ-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis.	Paraquat	94-96	wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 3A	Mus musculus	64-69
33390951-0	2020	Arctigenin Suppressed Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Through Wnt3a/beta-Catenin Pathway in PQ-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis.	Paraquat	94-96	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	70-82
33390951-4	2020	ATG reduced the expressions of Vimentin and alpha-SMA (lung fibrosis markers) induced by PQ and restored the expressions of E-cadherin and Occludin (two epithelial markers) in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	89-91	vimentin	Mus musculus	31-39
33390951-4	2020	ATG reduced the expressions of Vimentin and alpha-SMA (lung fibrosis markers) induced by PQ and restored the expressions of E-cadherin and Occludin (two epithelial markers) in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	89-91	actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta	Mus musculus	44-53
33390951-5	2020	Besides, the Wnt3a/beta-catenin signaling pathway was significantly activated in PQ induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	81-83	wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 3A	Mus musculus	13-18
33390951-5	2020	Besides, the Wnt3a/beta-catenin signaling pathway was significantly activated in PQ induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	81-83	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	19-31
33287470-13	2020	Compared with the control group, the PQ group showed a decrease in the number of Nissl body in the hippocampus and substantia nigra (P<0.05) , a decrease in the number of NeuN and TH positive cells in the substantia nigra (P<0.05) , with a large number of alpha-syn deposition, Iba-1 activation of microglia cells, and an increase in the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-1beta, iNOS) in the hippocampus and substantia nigra (P<0.05) .	Paraquat	37-39	RNA binding protein, fox-1 homolog (C. elegans) 3	Mus musculus	171-175
33287470-13	2020	Compared with the control group, the PQ group showed a decrease in the number of Nissl body in the hippocampus and substantia nigra (P<0.05) , a decrease in the number of NeuN and TH positive cells in the substantia nigra (P<0.05) , with a large number of alpha-syn deposition, Iba-1 activation of microglia cells, and an increase in the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-1beta, iNOS) in the hippocampus and substantia nigra (P<0.05) .	Paraquat	37-39	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	256-265
33287470-13	2020	Compared with the control group, the PQ group showed a decrease in the number of Nissl body in the hippocampus and substantia nigra (P<0.05) , a decrease in the number of NeuN and TH positive cells in the substantia nigra (P<0.05) , with a large number of alpha-syn deposition, Iba-1 activation of microglia cells, and an increase in the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-1beta, iNOS) in the hippocampus and substantia nigra (P<0.05) .	Paraquat	37-39	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	374-382
33287470-13	2020	Compared with the control group, the PQ group showed a decrease in the number of Nissl body in the hippocampus and substantia nigra (P<0.05) , a decrease in the number of NeuN and TH positive cells in the substantia nigra (P<0.05) , with a large number of alpha-syn deposition, Iba-1 activation of microglia cells, and an increase in the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-1beta, iNOS) in the hippocampus and substantia nigra (P<0.05) .	Paraquat	37-39	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	384-388
33218171-8	2020	Moreover, acetylpenasterol induced Hsp70 expression in PQ-treated cells.	Paraquat	55-57	heat shock protein 1B	Mus musculus	35-40
33490262-11	2020	Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the combination of the neutrophilic granulocyte ratio, leukocyte count, and eGFR(MDRD) could serve as an ideal early predictor of mortality in patients with acute paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	204-212	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	117-121
33489464-0	2020	HspB5 protects mouse neural stem/progenitor cells from paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	55-63	crystallin, alpha B	Mus musculus	0-5
33489464-4	2020	OBJECTIVE: The current investigation explored the possible role of HspB5 in the protection of mouse NSPCs (mNSPCs) against paraquat-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	123-131	crystallin, alpha B	Mus musculus	67-72
33489464-11	2020	Our Immunocytochemistry results showed that the externally added FITC-labeled HspB5 not only entered the cells but also conferred cytoprotection against paraquat-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	153-161	crystallin alpha B	Homo sapiens	78-83
33489464-13	2020	CONCLUSION: Our results clearly demonstrate that exogenously added recombinant human HspB5 enters the mNSPCs and confers protection against paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	140-148	crystallin alpha B	Homo sapiens	85-90
33148529-8	2020	A new predictor, namely paraquat concentration-associated multiorgan injury index (PCAMII), was established by integrating serum and urine paraquat concentration, serum creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, total and direct bilirubin, at different weighting coefficients, with the accuracy of about 90%.	Paraquat	24-32	glutamic--pyruvic transaminase	Homo sapiens	181-205
33208773-0	2020	Spen modulates lipid droplet content in adult Drosophila glial cells and protects against paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	90-98	split ends	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
33160981-6	2021	The aim of this study was to investigate if the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib (CXB) exerts a direct neuroprotective effect in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and paraquat (PQ) PD models.	Paraquat	184-186	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	58-74
32980059-4	2020	To elucidate the molecular processes during early stage of Parkinson"s disease, we observed neuro-toxin plays a determining role in the increased vulnerability to a particular PQ exposure that is attended by decreased lifespan, severe locomotor deficits, and more loss of dopaminergic (DA) neuron in PQ-treated Dpp deficient fly than wild type (WT).	Paraquat	176-178	decapentaplegic	Drosophila melanogaster	311-314
33046555-5	2020	After documenting that 4E-BP1 over-expressing neurons are resistant to proteotoxic stress elicited by brefeldin A treatment, we exposed primary neurons to three different Parkinson"s disease (PD)-linked toxins, rotenone, maneb, or paraquat, and documented significant protection in neurons from newborn male and female 4E-BP1-OE transgenic mice.	Paraquat	231-239	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Mus musculus	23-29
32673753-6	2020	Serum amylase, lipase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 levels were markedly increased in the PQ group versus the NC group.	Paraquat	108-110	lipase G, endothelial type	Rattus norvegicus	15-21
32673753-6	2020	Serum amylase, lipase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 levels were markedly increased in the PQ group versus the NC group.	Paraquat	108-110	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	23-50
32673753-6	2020	Serum amylase, lipase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 levels were markedly increased in the PQ group versus the NC group.	Paraquat	108-110	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	56-69
33000210-0	2020	Effects of tacrolimus on the TGF-beta1/SMAD signaling pathway in paraquat-exposed rat alveolar type II epithelial cells.	Paraquat	65-73	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-38
33000210-0	2020	Effects of tacrolimus on the TGF-beta1/SMAD signaling pathway in paraquat-exposed rat alveolar type II epithelial cells.	Paraquat	65-73	SMAD family member 7	Rattus norvegicus	39-43
33046555-10	2020	Here we investigated if neuronal over-expression of 4E-BP1, a key repressor of protein translation, can protect against misfolded protein stress and toxicities linked to Parkinson"s disease, and found that 4E-BP1 over-expression prevented cell death in neurons treated with brefeldin A, rotenone, maneb, paraquat, or preformed fibrils of alpha-synuclein.	Paraquat	304-312	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Mus musculus	52-58
33046555-10	2020	Here we investigated if neuronal over-expression of 4E-BP1, a key repressor of protein translation, can protect against misfolded protein stress and toxicities linked to Parkinson"s disease, and found that 4E-BP1 over-expression prevented cell death in neurons treated with brefeldin A, rotenone, maneb, paraquat, or preformed fibrils of alpha-synuclein.	Paraquat	304-312	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1	Mus musculus	206-212
33031936-7	2020	Early high CytoC predicted AKIN2/3 in poisoning with KMnO4/H2C2O4 (AUC-ROC4-8h: 0.81), paraquat (AUC-ROC4-8h: 1.00), and GPSH (AUC-ROC4-8h: 0.91).	Paraquat	87-95	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	11-16
32735315-0	2020	LncRNA NR_030777 Alleviates Paraquat-induced Neurotoxicity by Regulating Zfp326 and Cpne5.	Paraquat	28-36	zinc finger protein 326	Homo sapiens	73-79
32735315-0	2020	LncRNA NR_030777 Alleviates Paraquat-induced Neurotoxicity by Regulating Zfp326 and Cpne5.	Paraquat	28-36	copine 5	Homo sapiens	84-89
32599481-5	2020	It is further seen that the constructed double Zn-TPP-GroEL complex exhibited good photocatalytic activity in the model reactions of the production of singlet oxygen and the reduction of methyl viologen under illumination with visible light.	Paraquat	187-202	heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1	Homo sapiens	54-59
32758486-0	2020	FoxF1 protects rats from paraquat-evoked lung injury following HDAC2 inhibition via the microRNA-342/KLF5/IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 axis.	Paraquat	25-33	forkhead box F1	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
32758486-0	2020	FoxF1 protects rats from paraquat-evoked lung injury following HDAC2 inhibition via the microRNA-342/KLF5/IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 axis.	Paraquat	25-33	microRNA 342	Rattus norvegicus	88-100
32758486-0	2020	FoxF1 protects rats from paraquat-evoked lung injury following HDAC2 inhibition via the microRNA-342/KLF5/IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 axis.	Paraquat	25-33	Kruppel-like factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	101-105
32758486-2	2020	However, the molecular mechanism of FoxF1 in lung injury, specifically in injury caused by paraquat (PQ), one of the most frequently used herbicides, is unknown.	Paraquat	91-99	forkhead box F1	Rattus norvegicus	36-41
32758486-2	2020	However, the molecular mechanism of FoxF1 in lung injury, specifically in injury caused by paraquat (PQ), one of the most frequently used herbicides, is unknown.	Paraquat	101-103	forkhead box F1	Rattus norvegicus	36-41
32758486-3	2020	Accordingly, we performed this study to investigate whether FoxF1 attenuates PQ-induced lung injury and to determine the possible mechanism.	Paraquat	77-79	forkhead box F1	Rattus norvegicus	60-65
32758486-4	2020	METHODS: We used PQ-treated Beas-2B cells to measure the expression of FoxF1.	Paraquat	17-19	forkhead box F1	Homo sapiens	71-76
32758486-8	2020	Finally, a rat model was developed to evaluate the effects of HDAC2, miR-342 and Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) on PQ-induced lung injury in vivo.	Paraquat	113-115	Kruppel-like factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	81-102
32758486-8	2020	Finally, a rat model was developed to evaluate the effects of HDAC2, miR-342 and Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) on PQ-induced lung injury in vivo.	Paraquat	113-115	Kruppel-like factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	104-108
32758486-9	2020	RESULTS: PQ treatment significantly enhanced FoxF1 promoter deacetylation, thereby inhibiting FoxF1 expression.	Paraquat	9-11	forkhead box F1	Rattus norvegicus	45-50
32758486-9	2020	RESULTS: PQ treatment significantly enhanced FoxF1 promoter deacetylation, thereby inhibiting FoxF1 expression.	Paraquat	9-11	forkhead box F1	Rattus norvegicus	94-99
32758486-10	2020	After inhibition of HDAC2 activity, apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by PQ were significantly reversed.	Paraquat	78-80	histone deacetylase 2	Rattus norvegicus	20-25
32758486-11	2020	Nevertheless, further inhibition of miR-342 or overexpression of KLF5 promoted apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by PQ, and IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 signaling was significantly activated after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	121-123	microRNA 342	Rattus norvegicus	36-43
32758486-11	2020	Nevertheless, further inhibition of miR-342 or overexpression of KLF5 promoted apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by PQ, and IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 signaling was significantly activated after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	121-123	Kruppel-like factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	65-69
32758486-11	2020	Nevertheless, further inhibition of miR-342 or overexpression of KLF5 promoted apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by PQ, and IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 signaling was significantly activated after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	195-197	microRNA 342	Rattus norvegicus	36-43
32758486-11	2020	Nevertheless, further inhibition of miR-342 or overexpression of KLF5 promoted apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by PQ, and IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 signaling was significantly activated after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	195-197	Kruppel-like factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	65-69
32758486-12	2020	CONCLUSION: PQ treatment inhibited miR-342 expression by promoting HDAC2-induced deacetylation of the FoxF1 promoter, thereby promoting KLF5 expression and the IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 signaling activation, and finally exacerbating PQ-induced lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	12-14	microRNA 342	Rattus norvegicus	35-42
32758486-12	2020	CONCLUSION: PQ treatment inhibited miR-342 expression by promoting HDAC2-induced deacetylation of the FoxF1 promoter, thereby promoting KLF5 expression and the IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 signaling activation, and finally exacerbating PQ-induced lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	12-14	histone deacetylase 2	Rattus norvegicus	67-72
32758486-12	2020	CONCLUSION: PQ treatment inhibited miR-342 expression by promoting HDAC2-induced deacetylation of the FoxF1 promoter, thereby promoting KLF5 expression and the IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 signaling activation, and finally exacerbating PQ-induced lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	12-14	forkhead box F1	Rattus norvegicus	102-107
33105548-1	2020	MPP+ is the active metabolite of MPTP, a molecule structurally similar to the herbicide Paraquat, known to injure the dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal system in Parkinson"s disease models.	Paraquat	88-96	M-phase phosphoprotein 6	Homo sapiens	0-3
32962139-4	2020	We show that DBT protects Neuro2a cells against paraquat (PQ) toxicity by counteracting oxidative stress at low concentrations and increases the synthesis of reduced glutathione and NADPH in a Nrf2-independent manner.	Paraquat	58-60	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	193-197
33123215-0	2020	Imrecoxib Inhibits Paraquat-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis through the NF-kappaB/Snail Signaling Pathway.	Paraquat	19-27	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
33123215-7	2020	Results: Firstly, our results confirmed that paraquat can induce EMT and activate the NF-kappaB/snail signal pathway in lung epithelial cell A549.	Paraquat	45-53	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	86-95
33123215-7	2020	Results: Firstly, our results confirmed that paraquat can induce EMT and activate the NF-kappaB/snail signal pathway in lung epithelial cell A549.	Paraquat	45-53	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	96-101
33123215-9	2020	Finally, our study found that imrecoxib can inhibit EMT of paraquat-induced A549 cells by the NF-kappaB/snail signal pathway.	Paraquat	59-67	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	94-103
33123215-9	2020	Finally, our study found that imrecoxib can inhibit EMT of paraquat-induced A549 cells by the NF-kappaB/snail signal pathway.	Paraquat	59-67	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	104-109
33123215-10	2020	Conclusion: Imrecoxib can inhibit EMT of paraquat-induced A549 cells and alleviate paraquat-caused pulmonary fibrosis through the NF-kappaB/snail signal pathway.	Paraquat	83-91	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	130-139
32773682-11	2020	ND23 flies had elevated mortality from paraquat-induced oxidative stress compared with wild-type flies.	Paraquat	39-47	NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 23 kDa subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	0-4
32763286-0	2020	Inhibition of TBK1 by amlexanox attenuates paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	43-51	TANK-binding kinase 1	Mus musculus	14-18
32763286-6	2020	PQ induced oxidative damage and increased IL-1beta, IFNbeta, NF-kappaBp65, IRF3, and pTBK1/TBK1 levels in mouse lungs and RAW264.7 cells.	Paraquat	0-2	interleukin 1 alpha	Mus musculus	42-50
32763286-6	2020	PQ induced oxidative damage and increased IL-1beta, IFNbeta, NF-kappaBp65, IRF3, and pTBK1/TBK1 levels in mouse lungs and RAW264.7 cells.	Paraquat	0-2	interferon alpha	Mus musculus	52-59
32763286-6	2020	PQ induced oxidative damage and increased IL-1beta, IFNbeta, NF-kappaBp65, IRF3, and pTBK1/TBK1 levels in mouse lungs and RAW264.7 cells.	Paraquat	0-2	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	75-79
32763286-6	2020	PQ induced oxidative damage and increased IL-1beta, IFNbeta, NF-kappaBp65, IRF3, and pTBK1/TBK1 levels in mouse lungs and RAW264.7 cells.	Paraquat	0-2	TANK-binding kinase 1	Mus musculus	86-90
32763286-9	2020	These results suggest that TBK1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of PQ-induced ALI.	Paraquat	72-74	TANK-binding kinase 1	Mus musculus	27-31
32763286-10	2020	Further, amlexanox treatment alleviates PQ-induced ALI by inhibiting the TBK1-NF-kappaB/IRF3 signalling pathway.	Paraquat	40-42	TANK-binding kinase 1	Mus musculus	73-77
32763286-10	2020	Further, amlexanox treatment alleviates PQ-induced ALI by inhibiting the TBK1-NF-kappaB/IRF3 signalling pathway.	Paraquat	40-42	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	78-87
32763286-10	2020	Further, amlexanox treatment alleviates PQ-induced ALI by inhibiting the TBK1-NF-kappaB/IRF3 signalling pathway.	Paraquat	40-42	interferon regulatory factor 3	Mus musculus	88-92
32763286-11	2020	Our study provides evidence that TBK1 inhibition by amlexanox alleviates PQ-induced ALI and may be a new therapeutic strategy.	Paraquat	73-75	TANK-binding kinase 1	Mus musculus	33-37
32758486-12	2020	CONCLUSION: PQ treatment inhibited miR-342 expression by promoting HDAC2-induced deacetylation of the FoxF1 promoter, thereby promoting KLF5 expression and the IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 signaling activation, and finally exacerbating PQ-induced lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	12-14	Kruppel-like factor 5	Rattus norvegicus	136-140
32758486-12	2020	CONCLUSION: PQ treatment inhibited miR-342 expression by promoting HDAC2-induced deacetylation of the FoxF1 promoter, thereby promoting KLF5 expression and the IkappaB/NF-kappaB p65 signaling activation, and finally exacerbating PQ-induced lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	229-231	histone deacetylase 2	Rattus norvegicus	67-72
33123215-0	2020	Imrecoxib Inhibits Paraquat-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis through the NF-kappaB/Snail Signaling Pathway.	Paraquat	19-27	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	67-76
32738378-0	2020	Dysregulation of prostaglandine E2 and BDNF signaling mediated by estrogenic dysfunction induces primary hippocampal neuronal cell death after single and repeated paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	163-171	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	39-43
32738378-4	2020	PQ induced also a decrease of proBDNF and mature BDNF levels and altered P75NTR and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression.	Paraquat	0-2	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	33-37
32738378-4	2020	PQ induced also a decrease of proBDNF and mature BDNF levels and altered P75NTR and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression.	Paraquat	0-2	nerve growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	73-79
32738378-4	2020	PQ induced also a decrease of proBDNF and mature BDNF levels and altered P75NTR and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression.	Paraquat	0-2	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	84-113
32738378-4	2020	PQ induced also a decrease of proBDNF and mature BDNF levels and altered P75NTR and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression.	Paraquat	0-2	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	115-119
32738378-5	2020	PQ induced PGE2 and BDNF signaling dysfunction, mediated through estrogenic disruption, leading to Abeta and pTau proteins synthesis, oxidative stress generation and finally to cell death.	Paraquat	0-2	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	20-24
32738378-5	2020	PQ induced PGE2 and BDNF signaling dysfunction, mediated through estrogenic disruption, leading to Abeta and pTau proteins synthesis, oxidative stress generation and finally to cell death.	Paraquat	0-2	amyloid beta precursor protein	Homo sapiens	99-104
32734565-0	2020	Knockdown of TLR4 Represses the Paraquat-Induced Neuroinflammation and Microglial M1 Polarization.	Paraquat	32-40	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	13-17
32734565-4	2020	Therefore, we investigated the role of TLR4 in PQ-induced neuroinflammation by using murine microglial immortalized BV-2 cell line.	Paraquat	47-49	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	39-43
32734565-6	2020	Compared with normal microglia, PQ-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was significantly reduced in TLR4-knockdown microglia.	Paraquat	32-34	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	113-117
32734565-7	2020	Levels of M1 markers were decreased, while levels of M2 markers were increased upon PQ exposure, confirming that TLR4 depletion inhibited the microglial M1 polarization.	Paraquat	84-86	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	113-117
32734565-8	2020	Besides, the migration and phagocytosis capability reduced by PQ were to some extent recovered in TLR4-knockdown microglia.	Paraquat	62-64	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	98-102
32734565-9	2020	Taken together, our results suggested that TLR4 mediated the neuroinflammatory responses in microglia and the depletion of TLR4 protects against PQ neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	145-147	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	43-47
32734565-9	2020	Taken together, our results suggested that TLR4 mediated the neuroinflammatory responses in microglia and the depletion of TLR4 protects against PQ neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	145-147	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	123-127
33029508-9	2020	Moreover, overexpression of the wild-type (WT) PARK2 in HeLa cells and immortalized PBLs could rescue mitochondrial function and partially inhibit apoptosis following paraquat treatment, while the C441R mutation could not.	Paraquat	167-175	parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	Homo sapiens	47-52
32532423-3	2020	In this study, we demonstrated that 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+), rotenone and paraquat, which cause dopaminergic neuronal cell death, increased PRMT1 expression in dopaminergic cell line.	Paraquat	92-100	protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1	Mus musculus	158-163
32940100-9	2020	CONCLUSIONS: In rats with paraquat intoxication-induced pulmonary fibrosis, Hippo signaling could be activated by the MST-Yap pathway; SY and SB431542 could alleviate pulmonary fibrosis via Hippo signaling.	Paraquat	26-34	Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator	Rattus norvegicus	122-125
32540480-4	2020	Using primary astrocytes, we found that the H67D-Hfe(equivalent of the human H63D variant) astrocytes are less vulnerable than the WT-Hfe astrocytes to paraquat-induced cell death, mitochondrial damage, and cellular senescence.	Paraquat	152-160	homeostatic iron regulator	Homo sapiens	49-52
32788383-4	2020	Among these genes, only POR also mediated methyl viologen dichloride hydrate (paraquat)-induced cell death.	Paraquat	78-86	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	24-27
32540480-4	2020	Using primary astrocytes, we found that the H67D-Hfe(equivalent of the human H63D variant) astrocytes are less vulnerable than the WT-Hfe astrocytes to paraquat-induced cell death, mitochondrial damage, and cellular senescence.	Paraquat	152-160	homeostatic iron regulator	Homo sapiens	134-137
32540480-5	2020	We hypothesized that the Hfe variant-associated protection is a result of the activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant defense system and found a significant increase in Nrf2 levels after paraquat exposure in the H67D-Hfe astrocytes than the WT-Hfe astrocytes.	Paraquat	182-190	homeostatic iron regulator	Homo sapiens	25-28
32540480-5	2020	We hypothesized that the Hfe variant-associated protection is a result of the activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant defense system and found a significant increase in Nrf2 levels after paraquat exposure in the H67D-Hfe astrocytes than the WT-Hfe astrocytes.	Paraquat	182-190	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	96-100
32540480-5	2020	We hypothesized that the Hfe variant-associated protection is a result of the activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant defense system and found a significant increase in Nrf2 levels after paraquat exposure in the H67D-Hfe astrocytes than the WT-Hfe astrocytes.	Paraquat	182-190	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	164-168
32540480-5	2020	We hypothesized that the Hfe variant-associated protection is a result of the activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant defense system and found a significant increase in Nrf2 levels after paraquat exposure in the H67D-Hfe astrocytes than the WT-Hfe astrocytes.	Paraquat	182-190	homeostatic iron regulator	Homo sapiens	212-215
32540480-5	2020	We hypothesized that the Hfe variant-associated protection is a result of the activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant defense system and found a significant increase in Nrf2 levels after paraquat exposure in the H67D-Hfe astrocytes than the WT-Hfe astrocytes.	Paraquat	182-190	homeostatic iron regulator	Homo sapiens	212-215
32540480-6	2020	Moreover, decreasing Nrf2 by molecular or pharmaceutical manipulation resulted in increased vulnerability to paraquat in the H67D-Hfe astrocytes.	Paraquat	109-117	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
32540480-6	2020	Moreover, decreasing Nrf2 by molecular or pharmaceutical manipulation resulted in increased vulnerability to paraquat in the H67D-Hfe astrocytes.	Paraquat	109-117	homeostatic iron regulator	Homo sapiens	130-133
32527420-8	2020	Also, QNLC meaningfully restored MMP reduction, lysosomal membrane destabilization, and lipid peroxidation and were capable of preventing PQ-treated change in Bax and Bcl2 gene expression.	Paraquat	138-140	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	159-162
32680482-0	2020	Combined signaling of NF-kappaB and IL-17 contributes to Mesenchymal stem cells-mediated protection for Paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	104-112	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	22-31
32680482-0	2020	Combined signaling of NF-kappaB and IL-17 contributes to Mesenchymal stem cells-mediated protection for Paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	104-112	interleukin 17A	Homo sapiens	36-41
32680482-8	2020	CONCLUSION: This study not only reiterates the important role of NF-kappaB signaling and IL-17 signaling in the pathogenesis of PQ-induced toxicity, but also provides insight into a molecular basis of MSC administration for the treatment of PQ-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	128-130	interleukin 17A	Homo sapiens	89-94
32247534-3	2020	Here we found that LRRK2 ablation prevented the loss of dopaminergic neurons and behavioral deficits (motor) induced by LPS priming followed by paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	144-152	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	19-24
32724493-2	2020	In a previous study, we found that the plasma MUC5B mucin level was implicated in PQ poisoning in patients.	Paraquat	82-84	mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	46-51
32724493-3	2020	Here, we hypothesize that MUC5B is a critical mediator in PQ-induced cell inflammation.	Paraquat	58-60	mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	26-31
32724493-4	2020	Methods: A mouse model of PQ-induced lung injury was used to examine the MUC5B expression level.	Paraquat	26-28	mucin 5, subtype B, tracheobronchial	Mus musculus	73-78
32724493-11	2020	Finally, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) was added and its regulatory effect on the MAPK-NF-kappaB-MUC5B pathway was examined in PQ-induced cell inflammation.	Paraquat	121-123	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	81-90
32724493-12	2020	Results: MUC5B was significantly upregulated accompanying the increases in TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion following PQ treatment in mouse and also in A549 cells after treatment with 50 muM PQ at 24 hours.	Paraquat	114-116	mucin 5, subtype B, tracheobronchial	Mus musculus	9-14
32724493-12	2020	Results: MUC5B was significantly upregulated accompanying the increases in TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion following PQ treatment in mouse and also in A549 cells after treatment with 50 muM PQ at 24 hours.	Paraquat	114-116	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	75-84
32724493-12	2020	Results: MUC5B was significantly upregulated accompanying the increases in TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion following PQ treatment in mouse and also in A549 cells after treatment with 50 muM PQ at 24 hours.	Paraquat	114-116	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	89-93
32724493-12	2020	Results: MUC5B was significantly upregulated accompanying the increases in TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion following PQ treatment in mouse and also in A549 cells after treatment with 50 muM PQ at 24 hours.	Paraquat	187-189	mucin 5, subtype B, tracheobronchial	Mus musculus	9-14
32724493-12	2020	Results: MUC5B was significantly upregulated accompanying the increases in TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion following PQ treatment in mouse and also in A549 cells after treatment with 50 muM PQ at 24 hours.	Paraquat	187-189	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	75-84
32724493-12	2020	Results: MUC5B was significantly upregulated accompanying the increases in TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion following PQ treatment in mouse and also in A549 cells after treatment with 50 muM PQ at 24 hours.	Paraquat	187-189	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	89-93
32724493-14	2020	Importantly, siMUC5B could significantly attenuate the secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-6 induced by PQ.	Paraquat	98-100	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	68-77
32724493-14	2020	Importantly, siMUC5B could significantly attenuate the secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-6 induced by PQ.	Paraquat	98-100	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	82-86
32724493-16	2020	Conclusion: Our findings suggest that MUC5B participates in the process of PQ-induced cell inflammation and is downstream of the NF-kappaB and MAPK pathways.	Paraquat	75-77	mucin 5, subtype B, tracheobronchial	Mus musculus	38-43
32724493-17	2020	NAC can attenuate PQ-induced cell inflammation at least in part by suppressing the MAPK-NF-kappaB-MUC5B pathway.	Paraquat	18-20	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	88-97
32724493-17	2020	NAC can attenuate PQ-induced cell inflammation at least in part by suppressing the MAPK-NF-kappaB-MUC5B pathway.	Paraquat	18-20	mucin 5, subtype B, tracheobronchial	Mus musculus	98-103
32724493-18	2020	These results nominate MUC5B as a new biomarker and therapeutic target for PQ-induced lung inflammation.	Paraquat	75-77	mucin 5, subtype B, tracheobronchial	Mus musculus	23-28
32527420-8	2020	Also, QNLC meaningfully restored MMP reduction, lysosomal membrane destabilization, and lipid peroxidation and were capable of preventing PQ-treated change in Bax and Bcl2 gene expression.	Paraquat	138-140	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	167-171
32294219-11	2020	Overall, our results suggest that gene Prkag2 and related networks may serve as potential targets against paraquat toxicity and demonstrate the utility of genetically diverse mouse models for the study of complex human toxicity.	Paraquat	106-114	protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit	Mus musculus	39-45
32469357-8	2020	In addition, supplementation with APE plus BE could promote the migration of SKN-1 into the nucleus, which eliminated improvement to ROS and paraquat.	Paraquat	141-149	BZIP domain-containing protein;Protein skinhead-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	77-82
32520032-4	2020	AjPH is also shown to enhance the antioxidant defense system in paraquat-exposed nematodes, including upregulation of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and reduction of malondialdehyde contents.	Paraquat	64-72	catalase isozyme 3	Cucumis sativus	143-151
32629567-1	2020	Objective: To investigate the protective effect of somatostatin (SS) on acute kidney injury (AKI) of paraquat (PQ) poisoned mice and its mechanism.	Paraquat	101-109	somatostatin	Mus musculus	51-63
32629567-1	2020	Objective: To investigate the protective effect of somatostatin (SS) on acute kidney injury (AKI) of paraquat (PQ) poisoned mice and its mechanism.	Paraquat	111-113	somatostatin	Mus musculus	51-63
32686528-2	2020	Here we have used RCAN1 deficient mice (RCAN1-/-) to elucidate its role after an acute oxidative insult such as paraquat injection.	Paraquat	112-120	regulator of calcineurin 1	Mus musculus	18-23
32647690-0	2020	Polydatin relieves paraquat-induced human MRC-5 fibroblast injury through inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.	Paraquat	19-27	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	107-112
32647690-11	2020	Conclusions: PD can relieve PQ-induced human MRC-5 fibroblasts injury by reducing the inflammatory response, improving the antioxidant stress capacity, and inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.	Paraquat	28-30	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	189-194
32517337-0	2020	Induction of Autophagy by Vasicinone Protects Neural Cells from Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Attenuates Paraquat-Mediated Parkinson"s Disease Associated alpha-Synuclein Levels.	Paraquat	105-113	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	154-169
32517337-6	2020	Furthermore, vasicinone restored paraquat-impaired autophagy and mitophagy regulators DJ-1, PINK-1 and Parkin in SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	33-41	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	86-90
32517337-6	2020	Furthermore, vasicinone restored paraquat-impaired autophagy and mitophagy regulators DJ-1, PINK-1 and Parkin in SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	33-41	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	92-98
32686528-2	2020	Here we have used RCAN1 deficient mice (RCAN1-/-) to elucidate its role after an acute oxidative insult such as paraquat injection.	Paraquat	112-120	regulator of calcineurin 1	Mus musculus	40-45
32686528-5	2020	This may explain the less severe effect of paraquat treatment on RCAN1-/- mice compared to WT.	Paraquat	43-51	regulator of calcineurin 1	Mus musculus	65-70
32686528-6	2020	We showed that oxidative stress is involved in the early stages of apoptosis, thus we determined the apoptotic effector BAD and found that decreases in RCAN1-/- mice after treatment with paraquat compared with WT in similar experimental conditions.	Paraquat	187-195	regulator of calcineurin 1	Mus musculus	152-157
32509139-0	2020	Klotho Alleviates Lung Injury Caused by Paraquat via Suppressing ROS/P38 MAPK-Regulated Inflammatory Responses and Apoptosis.	Paraquat	40-48	klotho	Mus musculus	0-6
32536068-9	2020	Compared with NC group, the Lung organ coefficient, HYP content in lung tissue and TGF-beta1, TIMP-1 levels in serum were significantly higher in PQ group (P<0.05) , while TNF-alpha and MMP-9 had no significant difference (P>0.05) .	Paraquat	146-148	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-92
32536068-9	2020	Compared with NC group, the Lung organ coefficient, HYP content in lung tissue and TGF-beta1, TIMP-1 levels in serum were significantly higher in PQ group (P<0.05) , while TNF-alpha and MMP-9 had no significant difference (P>0.05) .	Paraquat	146-148	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-100
32509139-0	2020	Klotho Alleviates Lung Injury Caused by Paraquat via Suppressing ROS/P38 MAPK-Regulated Inflammatory Responses and Apoptosis.	Paraquat	40-48	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	69-77
32509139-3	2020	This work evaluated the impact of KL on PQ-induced ALI and investigated its underlying mechanisms.	Paraquat	40-42	klotho	Mus musculus	34-36
32509139-6	2020	For in vitro experiment, A549 cells were incubated with or without KL and then treated in the presence or absence of PQ for 24 h. In vivo result indicated that KL reduced the mortality, reduced IL-1beta and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), attenuated ALI, and decreased apoptosis in situ.	Paraquat	117-119	klotho	Mus musculus	160-162
32509139-8	2020	Besides, KL effectively abated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, improved GSH content, and lowered lipid peroxidation in PQ-exposed A549 cells.	Paraquat	129-131	klotho	Mus musculus	9-11
32509139-9	2020	Further experiments indicated that phosphorylated JNK and P38 MAPK was increased after PQ treatment; however, KL pretreatment could significantly lower the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK.	Paraquat	87-89	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	50-53
32509139-9	2020	Further experiments indicated that phosphorylated JNK and P38 MAPK was increased after PQ treatment; however, KL pretreatment could significantly lower the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK.	Paraquat	87-89	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	58-66
32509139-12	2020	These findings suggested that KL could alleviate PQ-caused ALI via inhibiting ROS/P38 MAPK signaling-regulated inflammatory responses and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.	Paraquat	49-51	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	82-90
32375810-9	2020	RESULTS: Paraquat and maneb co-exposure elevated the expressions of CD11b in the brainstem of mice, and CD11b knockout significantly reduced LC/NE neurodegeneration induced by paraquat and maneb.	Paraquat	9-17	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	68-73
32375810-9	2020	RESULTS: Paraquat and maneb co-exposure elevated the expressions of CD11b in the brainstem of mice, and CD11b knockout significantly reduced LC/NE neurodegeneration induced by paraquat and maneb.	Paraquat	176-184	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	104-109
32375810-11	2020	Mechanistically, CD11b-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to paraquat and maneb-induced LC/NE neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	77-85	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	17-22
32183517-1	2020	We report the first time resolved resonant Raman (TR3) spectra of photo-induced charge transfer from \RuII\ to methyl viologen, with observations of vibrational structure.	Paraquat	111-126	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1	Homo sapiens	50-53
32375810-11	2020	Mechanistically, CD11b-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to paraquat and maneb-induced LC/NE neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	77-85	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	32-37
32375810-13	2020	Furthermore, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by glybenclamide, a sulfonylurea inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome, was found to be able to suppress microglial proinflammatory activation and nuclear factor-kappaB activation induced by paraquat and maneb.	Paraquat	231-239	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	27-32
32375810-14	2020	Moreover, reduced reactive oxygen species production, NADPH oxidase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expressions as well as 4-hydroxynonenal and malondialdehyde levels were detected in combined glybenclamide and paraquat and maneb-treated mice compared with paraquat and maneb alone group.	Paraquat	216-224	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	73-104
31901205-4	2020	Overexpression of PUT3 (PUT3OE) results in hypersensitivity of the transgenic plants to polyamine and paraquat.	Paraquat	102-110	Put3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-22
31901205-4	2020	Overexpression of PUT3 (PUT3OE) results in hypersensitivity of the transgenic plants to polyamine and paraquat.	Paraquat	102-110	Put3p	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	24-30
32320994-7	2020	Compared with the control group, paraquat (PQ) could reduce the lifespan of the N2 and sod-5 mutant strains.	Paraquat	33-41	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	87-92
32320994-7	2020	Compared with the control group, paraquat (PQ) could reduce the lifespan of the N2 and sod-5 mutant strains.	Paraquat	43-45	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	87-92
31957486-0	2020	Correlation between neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and soluble CD14 subtype on the prognosis evaluation of acute paraquat poisoning patients.	Paraquat	125-133	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	20-62
31957486-8	2020	There was a positive correlation between urine NGAL and serum paraquat concentration, urine NGAL, and AKI morbidity (r 1 = 0.974, r 2 = 0.766, p < 0.001), suggesting higher urine NGAL level indicated higher AKI morbidity.	Paraquat	62-70	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	47-51
32116062-5	2020	Moreover, A549 cells were treated with PQ or PQ + CsA for 24 h and the levels of PINK1, Parkin, fibronectin, collagen I and LC3 I and II expression and MMP were examined.	Paraquat	39-41	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	81-86
32079667-4	2020	Here, we show that conditions that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the chloroplast, including dark-light transitions, high light, and the herbicide methyl viologen, rapidly activated GCN2 kinase, whereas mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress did not.	Paraquat	158-173	protein kinase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	193-197
32116062-6	2020	Finally, the impact of PINK1 overexpression on the PQ or PQ + CsA-modulated fibronectin and collagen I expression in A549 cells was tested.Results: PQ exposure significantly increased the levels of hydroxyproline and collagen I expression and collagen fiber accumulation in the lung of rats, which were mitigated by CsA treatment.	Paraquat	51-53	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-28
32116062-6	2020	Finally, the impact of PINK1 overexpression on the PQ or PQ + CsA-modulated fibronectin and collagen I expression in A549 cells was tested.Results: PQ exposure significantly increased the levels of hydroxyproline and collagen I expression and collagen fiber accumulation in the lung of rats, which were mitigated by CsA treatment.	Paraquat	57-59	fibronectin 1	Rattus norvegicus	76-87
32116062-9	2020	The later effect of CsA was abrogated by PINK1 overexpression in A549 cells.Conclusions: Therefore, CsA can inhibit the PQ-induced mitophagy and pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating the PINK1/Parkin signaling.	Paraquat	120-122	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-46
32116062-9	2020	The later effect of CsA was abrogated by PINK1 overexpression in A549 cells.Conclusions: Therefore, CsA can inhibit the PQ-induced mitophagy and pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating the PINK1/Parkin signaling.	Paraquat	120-122	PTEN induced kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	183-188
32020686-5	2020	In addition, embelin suggestively decreased relative protein expression of nuclear NF-kappaB p65, p-NF-kappaBp65, p38 MAPK, and p-p38 MAPKs in paraquat-intoxicated rats.	Paraquat	143-151	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	114-117
32020686-5	2020	In addition, embelin suggestively decreased relative protein expression of nuclear NF-kappaB p65, p-NF-kappaBp65, p38 MAPK, and p-p38 MAPKs in paraquat-intoxicated rats.	Paraquat	143-151	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	130-133
31858421-0	2020	HMGB1 Mediates Paraquat-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses via Activating RAGE Signaling Pathway.	Paraquat	15-23	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	0-5
31858421-0	2020	HMGB1 Mediates Paraquat-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses via Activating RAGE Signaling Pathway.	Paraquat	15-23	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 914	Homo sapiens	75-79
31858421-3	2020	High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been proven to be relevant to the neuroinflammation involved in PD; however, whether and how HMGB1 exerts modulatory effects in nervous system upon PQ exposure remain elusive.	Paraquat	186-188	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	131-136
31858421-4	2020	Therefore, the present study investigated the underlying association between HMGB1 and PQ exposure in SH-SY5Y cells, which is a well-established in vitro model for PD research.	Paraquat	87-89	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	77-82
31858421-5	2020	We observed that HMGB1 was markedly increased in a concentration and time-dependent manner upon PQ exposure, and the elevated HMGB1 could be translocated into cytosol and then released to the extracellular milieu of SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	96-98	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	17-22
31858421-7	2020	These results suggested that HMGB1 is involved in the PQ-induced neuron death via activating RAGE signaling pathways and promoting neuroinflammatory responses.	Paraquat	54-56	high mobility group box 1	Homo sapiens	29-34
31858421-7	2020	These results suggested that HMGB1 is involved in the PQ-induced neuron death via activating RAGE signaling pathways and promoting neuroinflammatory responses.	Paraquat	54-56	long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 914	Homo sapiens	93-97
32306690-0	2020	[Autophagic dysfunction contributes to alpha-synuclein accumulation in dopaminergic neurons induced by paraquat].	Paraquat	103-111	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	39-54
32251495-6	2020	When compared with PQ group, the cells in both SP600125+PQ group and SB203580+PQ group had significantly increased viability and level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2; and had decreased apoptotic rates, decreased levels of caspase-3 and -9, and decreased level of pro-apoptotic protein Bax.	Paraquat	56-58	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	161-166
32251495-6	2020	When compared with PQ group, the cells in both SP600125+PQ group and SB203580+PQ group had significantly increased viability and level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2; and had decreased apoptotic rates, decreased levels of caspase-3 and -9, and decreased level of pro-apoptotic protein Bax.	Paraquat	56-58	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	161-166
32251495-7	2020	The ratio of p-JNK/JNK protein expression in the SP600125+PQ group significantly decreased, while the ratio of the p-P38/P38 protein expression in the SB203580+PQ group decreased.	Paraquat	160-162	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	117-120
32251495-7	2020	The ratio of p-JNK/JNK protein expression in the SP600125+PQ group significantly decreased, while the ratio of the p-P38/P38 protein expression in the SB203580+PQ group decreased.	Paraquat	160-162	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	121-124
32306690-13	2020	Conclusion: Paraquat induced autophagy dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells, which leads to an abnormal aggregation of alpha-synuclein.	Paraquat	12-20	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	111-126
31943580-2	2020	Here, we have used this ion-induced gelation strategy to create functional CNC gels with a rigid tetracationic macrocycle, cyclobis(paraquat- p -phenylene) (CBPQT 4+ ).	Paraquat	123-155	protein kinase cAMP-dependent type I regulatory subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	75-78
31598652-7	2020	Further, these cells showed dose-dependent downregulation of p53, Sesn2, and phosphorylated-AMPK with concomitant increase in phosphorylated-p70S6K level than paraquat-treated cells.	Paraquat	159-167	sestrin 2	Homo sapiens	66-71
31598652-7	2020	Further, these cells showed dose-dependent downregulation of p53, Sesn2, and phosphorylated-AMPK with concomitant increase in phosphorylated-p70S6K level than paraquat-treated cells.	Paraquat	159-167	ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1	Homo sapiens	141-147
32376537-1	2020	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of hydrogen water on proliferation, differentiation, collagen secretion and Nrf2 expression in paraquat-induced human lung fibroblasts.	Paraquat	133-141	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	114-118
32056106-6	2020	Superoxide exposure via paraquat initiated the formation of SOD1 trimers in untransfected SH-SY5Y cells and increased the aggregation propensity of G85R in HEK293FT.	Paraquat	24-32	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
32376537-0	2020	[Hydrogen water alleviates paraquat-induced lung fibroblast injury in vitro by enhancing Nrf2 expression].	Paraquat	27-35	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	89-93
32104255-5	2020	Decreased serum miR-27a level and increased IL-10 expression levels were detected in patients with paraquat poisoning compared with healthy controls (P&lt;0.001).	Paraquat	99-107	microRNA 27a	Homo sapiens	16-23
32104255-5	2020	Decreased serum miR-27a level and increased IL-10 expression levels were detected in patients with paraquat poisoning compared with healthy controls (P&lt;0.001).	Paraquat	99-107	interleukin 10	Homo sapiens	44-49
32376537-5	2020	RESULTS: Compared with the PQ-exposed cells, the cells with hydrogen water treatment showed significantly lowered expressions of Col-I, Col-III, and alpha-SMA.	Paraquat	27-29	actin alpha 1, skeletal muscle	Homo sapiens	149-158
32376537-6	2020	Interference of Nrf2 expression obviously attenuated the effect of hydrogen water on PQ-exposed cells.	Paraquat	85-87	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	16-20
32180786-0	2020	Primary Metabolite Responses to Oxidative Stress in Early-Senescing and Paraquat Resistant Arabidopsis thaliana rcd1 (Radical-Induced Cell Death1).	Paraquat	72-80	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	112-116
32376537-8	2020	CONCLUSIONS: Hydrogen water enhances Nrf2 expression to promote the proliferation and production of antioxidants and inhibit the differentiation and collagen secretion in PQ-exposed human lung fibroblasts in vitro.	Paraquat	171-173	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
32180786-1	2020	Rcd1 (radical-induced cell death1) is an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant, which exhibits high tolerance to paraquat [methyl viologen (MV)], herbicide that interrupts photosynthetic electron transport chain causing the formation of superoxide and inhibiting NADPH production in the chloroplast.	Paraquat	103-111	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
31852511-17	2019	Moreover, Mel-LNC increased the fluorescence intensity of the transgenic strain that encodes the antioxidant enzyme SOD-3, demonstrating a possible mechanism of protection from PQ-induced damage.	Paraquat	177-179	Superoxide dismutase [Mn] 2, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	116-121
32180786-1	2020	Rcd1 (radical-induced cell death1) is an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant, which exhibits high tolerance to paraquat [methyl viologen (MV)], herbicide that interrupts photosynthetic electron transport chain causing the formation of superoxide and inhibiting NADPH production in the chloroplast.	Paraquat	113-128	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
32180786-8	2020	The accumulation of oxidative stress markers in both plant lines indicated that MV-resistance in rcd1 derived from the altered regulation of cellular metabolism and not from the restricted delivery of MV into the cells or chloroplasts.	Paraquat	80-82	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	97-101
32180786-10	2020	Thus, the altered, highly active reductive metabolism, energy salvaging pathways and redox transfer between cellular compartments in rcd1 could be sufficient to avoid the negative effects of MV-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	191-193	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	133-137
31715309-5	2020	Estrogenic signaling disruption induced by PQ also downregulated the NRF2 pathway leading to oxidative stress generation.	Paraquat	43-45	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	69-73
31301076-0	2020	Rapamycin attenuates the paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis through activating Nrf2 pathway.	Paraquat	25-33	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	80-84
31301076-4	2020	The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important regulatory role in the antioxidant therapy of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	111-113	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	4-38
31301076-4	2020	The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important regulatory role in the antioxidant therapy of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	111-113	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	40-44
31301076-5	2020	In this study, we tried to confirm that rapamycin attenuates PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating Nrf2 pathway.	Paraquat	61-63	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	105-109
31301076-9	2020	Furthermore, we also found that Nrf2 knockdown reduced the inhibitory effect of rapamycin on PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, as well as decreased Nrf2 transfer from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.	Paraquat	93-95	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	32-36
31301076-10	2020	Our findings demonstrated that the protective effect of rapamycin is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 pathway in pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	153-155	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	107-111
32064027-12	2020	The antioxidative effect of H2S in PQ-induced liver injury can at least partly be attributed to the promotion of Nrf2-driven antioxidant enzymes via Keap1 S-sulfhydration and regulation of SIRT3/IDH2 signaling via Nrf2-dependent SIRT3 gene transcription as well as SIRT3 S-sulfhydration.	Paraquat	35-37	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	113-117
32064027-12	2020	The antioxidative effect of H2S in PQ-induced liver injury can at least partly be attributed to the promotion of Nrf2-driven antioxidant enzymes via Keap1 S-sulfhydration and regulation of SIRT3/IDH2 signaling via Nrf2-dependent SIRT3 gene transcription as well as SIRT3 S-sulfhydration.	Paraquat	35-37	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	149-154
32064027-12	2020	The antioxidative effect of H2S in PQ-induced liver injury can at least partly be attributed to the promotion of Nrf2-driven antioxidant enzymes via Keap1 S-sulfhydration and regulation of SIRT3/IDH2 signaling via Nrf2-dependent SIRT3 gene transcription as well as SIRT3 S-sulfhydration.	Paraquat	35-37	sirtuin 3	Rattus norvegicus	189-194
32064027-12	2020	The antioxidative effect of H2S in PQ-induced liver injury can at least partly be attributed to the promotion of Nrf2-driven antioxidant enzymes via Keap1 S-sulfhydration and regulation of SIRT3/IDH2 signaling via Nrf2-dependent SIRT3 gene transcription as well as SIRT3 S-sulfhydration.	Paraquat	35-37	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2	Rattus norvegicus	195-199
32064027-12	2020	The antioxidative effect of H2S in PQ-induced liver injury can at least partly be attributed to the promotion of Nrf2-driven antioxidant enzymes via Keap1 S-sulfhydration and regulation of SIRT3/IDH2 signaling via Nrf2-dependent SIRT3 gene transcription as well as SIRT3 S-sulfhydration.	Paraquat	35-37	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	214-218
32064027-12	2020	The antioxidative effect of H2S in PQ-induced liver injury can at least partly be attributed to the promotion of Nrf2-driven antioxidant enzymes via Keap1 S-sulfhydration and regulation of SIRT3/IDH2 signaling via Nrf2-dependent SIRT3 gene transcription as well as SIRT3 S-sulfhydration.	Paraquat	35-37	sirtuin 3	Rattus norvegicus	229-234
32064027-12	2020	The antioxidative effect of H2S in PQ-induced liver injury can at least partly be attributed to the promotion of Nrf2-driven antioxidant enzymes via Keap1 S-sulfhydration and regulation of SIRT3/IDH2 signaling via Nrf2-dependent SIRT3 gene transcription as well as SIRT3 S-sulfhydration.	Paraquat	35-37	sirtuin 3	Rattus norvegicus	229-234
32242774-6	2020	RESULTS: MB and PQ reduced the dopamine content (mouse) and Cyp2d22/CYP2D6 activity (mouse/neuroblastoma cells) and increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and expression of NQO1 and Trx1 (both).	Paraquat	16-18	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 22	Mus musculus	60-67
32242774-6	2020	RESULTS: MB and PQ reduced the dopamine content (mouse) and Cyp2d22/CYP2D6 activity (mouse/neuroblastoma cells) and increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and expression of NQO1 and Trx1 (both).	Paraquat	16-18	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	155-159
32242774-6	2020	RESULTS: MB and PQ reduced the dopamine content (mouse) and Cyp2d22/CYP2D6 activity (mouse/neuroblastoma cells) and increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and expression of NQO1 and Trx1 (both).	Paraquat	16-18	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1	Mus musculus	178-182
32242774-6	2020	RESULTS: MB and PQ reduced the dopamine content (mouse) and Cyp2d22/CYP2D6 activity (mouse/neuroblastoma cells) and increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and expression of NQO1 and Trx1 (both).	Paraquat	16-18	thioredoxin 1	Mus musculus	187-191
31937024-9	2019	ELISA showed that TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta contents in the cell supernatant of the PQ group were significantly higher than those of 0 mumol/L PQ group, especially in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	87-89	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	18-27
31937024-9	2019	ELISA showed that TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta contents in the cell supernatant of the PQ group were significantly higher than those of 0 mumol/L PQ group, especially in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	87-89	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	29-33
31937024-9	2019	ELISA showed that TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta contents in the cell supernatant of the PQ group were significantly higher than those of 0 mumol/L PQ group, especially in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	87-89	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	38-46
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	49-51	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	95-104
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	49-51	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	106-110
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	49-51	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	112-120
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	49-51	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	122-126
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	49-51	CD86 antigen	Mus musculus	131-135
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	190-192	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	106-110
31559661-2	2020	Herein, we report an aqueous synthetic system that provides an orchestrated, temperature and pH controlled, regulation of the complexation between the cyclobis(paraquat- p -phenylene) host ( BBox ) and a 1,5-dialkyloxynaphthalene ( DNP ) guest attached to a well-defined dual responsive copolymer composed of N -isopropylacrylamide as thermoresponsive monomer and acrylic acid as pH-responsive monomer.	Paraquat	160-168	gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase 1	Homo sapiens	191-195
32064027-8	2020	When hepatocytes were subjected to PQ-induced oxidative stress, H2S markedly enhanced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 via S-sulfhydration of Keap1 and resulted in the increase in IDH2 activity by regulating S-sulfhydration of SIRT3.	Paraquat	35-37	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	111-115
32064027-8	2020	When hepatocytes were subjected to PQ-induced oxidative stress, H2S markedly enhanced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 via S-sulfhydration of Keap1 and resulted in the increase in IDH2 activity by regulating S-sulfhydration of SIRT3.	Paraquat	35-37	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	139-144
32064027-8	2020	When hepatocytes were subjected to PQ-induced oxidative stress, H2S markedly enhanced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 via S-sulfhydration of Keap1 and resulted in the increase in IDH2 activity by regulating S-sulfhydration of SIRT3.	Paraquat	35-37	isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2	Rattus norvegicus	177-181
32064027-8	2020	When hepatocytes were subjected to PQ-induced oxidative stress, H2S markedly enhanced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 via S-sulfhydration of Keap1 and resulted in the increase in IDH2 activity by regulating S-sulfhydration of SIRT3.	Paraquat	35-37	sirtuin 3	Rattus norvegicus	224-229
32064027-9	2020	In addition, H2S significantly suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1beta excretion in PQ-induced acute liver injury.	Paraquat	109-111	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	42-47
32064027-9	2020	In addition, H2S significantly suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1beta excretion in PQ-induced acute liver injury.	Paraquat	109-111	interleukin 1 alpha	Rattus norvegicus	87-95
32064027-10	2020	Moreover, H2S cannot reverse the decrease in SIRT3 and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome caused by PQ in Nrf2-knockdown hepatocytes.	Paraquat	102-104	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	73-78
32064027-10	2020	Moreover, H2S cannot reverse the decrease in SIRT3 and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome caused by PQ in Nrf2-knockdown hepatocytes.	Paraquat	102-104	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
32064027-11	2020	In summary, H2S attenuated the PQ-induced acute liver injury by enhancing antioxidative capability, regulating mitochondrial function, and suppressing ROS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation.	Paraquat	31-33	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	163-168
32901689-0	2020	Testosterone antagonizes paraquat-induced cardiomyocyte senescence via the mIGF-1/SIRT1 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	25-33	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	75-81
32901689-0	2020	Testosterone antagonizes paraquat-induced cardiomyocyte senescence via the mIGF-1/SIRT1 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	25-33	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	82-87
32901689-6	2020	We found that testosterone significantly delayed the paraquat-induced HL-1 cardiomyocyte senescence as evidenced by decreasing senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity and reactive oxygen species generation, which were accompanied by the up-regulated expression of mIGF-1 and SIRT1.	Paraquat	53-61	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	274-280
32901689-6	2020	We found that testosterone significantly delayed the paraquat-induced HL-1 cardiomyocyte senescence as evidenced by decreasing senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity and reactive oxygen species generation, which were accompanied by the up-regulated expression of mIGF-1 and SIRT1.	Paraquat	53-61	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	285-290
32901689-7	2020	RNA interference to reduce mIGF-1 and SIRT1 expression showed that testosterone prevented paraquat-induced HL-1 senescence via the mIGF-1/SIRT1 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	90-98	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	27-33
32901689-7	2020	RNA interference to reduce mIGF-1 and SIRT1 expression showed that testosterone prevented paraquat-induced HL-1 senescence via the mIGF-1/SIRT1 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	90-98	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	38-43
32901689-7	2020	RNA interference to reduce mIGF-1 and SIRT1 expression showed that testosterone prevented paraquat-induced HL-1 senescence via the mIGF-1/SIRT1 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	90-98	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	131-137
32901689-7	2020	RNA interference to reduce mIGF-1 and SIRT1 expression showed that testosterone prevented paraquat-induced HL-1 senescence via the mIGF-1/SIRT1 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	90-98	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	138-143
32901689-10	2020	Our findings suggested that the mIGF-1/SIRT1 signaling pathway mediated the protective function of testosterone against the HL-1 cardiomyocyte senescence by paraquat, which provided new clues for the mechanisms underlying the anti-aging role of testosterone in cardiomyocytes.	Paraquat	157-165	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	32-38
32901689-10	2020	Our findings suggested that the mIGF-1/SIRT1 signaling pathway mediated the protective function of testosterone against the HL-1 cardiomyocyte senescence by paraquat, which provided new clues for the mechanisms underlying the anti-aging role of testosterone in cardiomyocytes.	Paraquat	157-165	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	39-44
32462952-0	2020	Amelioration of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by regulating miR-140-5p expression with the fibrogenic inhibitor Xuebijing.	Paraquat	16-24	microRNA 140	Mus musculus	74-81
32462952-3	2020	This work aimed to analyze the miR-140-5p-induced effects of XBJ injection on PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.	Paraquat	78-80	microRNA 140	Mus musculus	31-38
32462952-13	2020	After 14 days of PQ induction of pulmonary fibrosis, AdCMV-miR-140-5p, and XBJ upregulated miR-140-5p expression; blocked the expressions of TG2, Wnt-1, and beta-catenin; and decreased p-Smad2, p-Smad3, CTGF, MMP-9, and TGF-beta1 expressions.	Paraquat	17-19	microRNA 140	Mus musculus	59-66
32462952-13	2020	After 14 days of PQ induction of pulmonary fibrosis, AdCMV-miR-140-5p, and XBJ upregulated miR-140-5p expression; blocked the expressions of TG2, Wnt-1, and beta-catenin; and decreased p-Smad2, p-Smad3, CTGF, MMP-9, and TGF-beta1 expressions.	Paraquat	17-19	microRNA 140	Mus musculus	91-98
32462952-13	2020	After 14 days of PQ induction of pulmonary fibrosis, AdCMV-miR-140-5p, and XBJ upregulated miR-140-5p expression; blocked the expressions of TG2, Wnt-1, and beta-catenin; and decreased p-Smad2, p-Smad3, CTGF, MMP-9, and TGF-beta1 expressions.	Paraquat	17-19	transglutaminase 2, C polypeptide	Mus musculus	141-144
32462952-13	2020	After 14 days of PQ induction of pulmonary fibrosis, AdCMV-miR-140-5p, and XBJ upregulated miR-140-5p expression; blocked the expressions of TG2, Wnt-1, and beta-catenin; and decreased p-Smad2, p-Smad3, CTGF, MMP-9, and TGF-beta1 expressions.	Paraquat	17-19	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	157-169
31911963-10	2019	However, the co-administration of CCN and PQ significantly (p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.02) ameliorated the spermatogenesis ratio, upregulated the SOD level as well as bcl-2 expression, and reduced the MDA content and apoptosis vs the PQ-sole group.	Paraquat	42-44	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	175-180
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	190-192	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	112-120
31385236-8	2019	In addition, porphyrin up-regulated Keap1 and Nrf2 gene expression, while paraquat decreased Nrf2 gene expression.	Paraquat	74-82	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	93-97
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	190-192	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	122-126
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	190-192	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	106-110
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	190-192	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	112-120
31937024-12	2019	Western blot showed that compared with 0 mumol/L PQ group, the expression levels of M1 markers TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, iNOS and CD86 were significantly increased in 0.03 and 0.06 mumol/L PQ exposed group, while the expression levels of M2 markers Arg-1 and CD206 protein were decreased in 0.06 and 0.12 mumol/L PQ exposed group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	190-192	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	122-126
31610511-7	2019	Real-time PCR showed that paraquat down-regulated the expression of Lhcgr, Scarb1, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3 genes and their proteins at 2 or 8 mg kg-1, while it up-regulated the expression of Srd5a1 at 8 mg kg-1.	Paraquat	26-34	luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor	Rattus norvegicus	68-73
31610511-7	2019	Real-time PCR showed that paraquat down-regulated the expression of Lhcgr, Scarb1, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3 genes and their proteins at 2 or 8 mg kg-1, while it up-regulated the expression of Srd5a1 at 8 mg kg-1.	Paraquat	26-34	scavenger receptor class B, member 1	Rattus norvegicus	75-81
31610511-7	2019	Real-time PCR showed that paraquat down-regulated the expression of Lhcgr, Scarb1, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3 genes and their proteins at 2 or 8 mg kg-1, while it up-regulated the expression of Srd5a1 at 8 mg kg-1.	Paraquat	26-34	cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-90
31610511-7	2019	Real-time PCR showed that paraquat down-regulated the expression of Lhcgr, Scarb1, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3 genes and their proteins at 2 or 8 mg kg-1, while it up-regulated the expression of Srd5a1 at 8 mg kg-1.	Paraquat	26-34	cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	92-99
31610511-7	2019	Real-time PCR showed that paraquat down-regulated the expression of Lhcgr, Scarb1, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3 genes and their proteins at 2 or 8 mg kg-1, while it up-regulated the expression of Srd5a1 at 8 mg kg-1.	Paraquat	26-34	hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 3	Rattus norvegicus	105-112
31610511-7	2019	Real-time PCR showed that paraquat down-regulated the expression of Lhcgr, Scarb1, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3 genes and their proteins at 2 or 8 mg kg-1, while it up-regulated the expression of Srd5a1 at 8 mg kg-1.	Paraquat	26-34	steroid 5 alpha-reductase 1	Rattus norvegicus	197-203
31610511-10	2019	In conclusion, paraquat directly delays Leydig cell differentiation to block testosterone synthesis via down-regulating the expression of critical testosterone synthesis-related genes and up-regulating the expression of testosterone metabolic enzyme (Srd5a1) gene and possibly via increasing ROS production.	Paraquat	15-23	steroid 5 alpha-reductase 1	Rattus norvegicus	251-257
31400064-5	2019	The results showed that methyl mercury, paraquat, and bisphenol A treatments significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in HUCB-NSCs, as well as decreased the expressions of Oct4, Gdf3, and Sox1, whereas increased Pax6 and Ngn1 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels.	Paraquat	40-48	POU class 5 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	201-205
31400064-5	2019	The results showed that methyl mercury, paraquat, and bisphenol A treatments significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in HUCB-NSCs, as well as decreased the expressions of Oct4, Gdf3, and Sox1, whereas increased Pax6 and Ngn1 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels.	Paraquat	40-48	growth differentiation factor 3	Homo sapiens	207-211
31400064-5	2019	The results showed that methyl mercury, paraquat, and bisphenol A treatments significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in HUCB-NSCs, as well as decreased the expressions of Oct4, Gdf3, and Sox1, whereas increased Pax6 and Ngn1 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels.	Paraquat	40-48	SRY-box transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	217-221
31400064-5	2019	The results showed that methyl mercury, paraquat, and bisphenol A treatments significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in HUCB-NSCs, as well as decreased the expressions of Oct4, Gdf3, and Sox1, whereas increased Pax6 and Ngn1 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels.	Paraquat	40-48	paired box 6	Homo sapiens	241-245
31400064-5	2019	The results showed that methyl mercury, paraquat, and bisphenol A treatments significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in HUCB-NSCs, as well as decreased the expressions of Oct4, Gdf3, and Sox1, whereas increased Pax6 and Ngn1 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels.	Paraquat	40-48	neurogenin 1	Homo sapiens	250-254
31485636-9	2019	Following treatment with curcumin, PQ-induced increases in ROS levels and apoptosis were significantly attenuated, and Bcl-2 expression levels were upregulated, whereas those of Bax were downregulated.	Paraquat	35-37	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	119-124
31485636-9	2019	Following treatment with curcumin, PQ-induced increases in ROS levels and apoptosis were significantly attenuated, and Bcl-2 expression levels were upregulated, whereas those of Bax were downregulated.	Paraquat	35-37	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	178-181
31827694-14	2019	Transcript levels of genetic marker genes, atfs-1, atp-2, skn-1, and sir-2.1, were significantly upregulated after PQ incubation, which implicates a close connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress response.	Paraquat	115-117	Stress activated transcription factor atfs-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	43-49
31485636-12	2019	The present findings suggested that the inhibitory effects of curcumin on TXINP1 may inhibit activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, subsequently suppressing the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and ultimately improving PQ-induced ALI.	Paraquat	227-229	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	111-116
31197654-6	2019	Cells exposed to paraquat displayed abnormally large autophagosomes enclosing mitochondria, which correlates with an increase of p62, an essential mitophagy regulator.	Paraquat	17-25	nucleoporin 62	Homo sapiens	129-132
31827694-14	2019	Transcript levels of genetic marker genes, atfs-1, atp-2, skn-1, and sir-2.1, were significantly upregulated after PQ incubation, which implicates a close connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress response.	Paraquat	115-117	ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	51-56
31827694-14	2019	Transcript levels of genetic marker genes, atfs-1, atp-2, skn-1, and sir-2.1, were significantly upregulated after PQ incubation, which implicates a close connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress response.	Paraquat	115-117	BZIP domain-containing protein;Protein skinhead-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	58-63
31827694-14	2019	Transcript levels of genetic marker genes, atfs-1, atp-2, skn-1, and sir-2.1, were significantly upregulated after PQ incubation, which implicates a close connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress response.	Paraquat	115-117	Deacetylase sirtuin-type domain-containing protein;NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sir-2.1	Caenorhabditis elegans	69-76
31717666-3	2019	Atrazine and paraquat are two of the most widely used herbicides in the United States, and are individually known to increase oxidative damage, affect dopaminergic functioning, reduce longevity, and alter motor ability in non-target organisms.	Paraquat	13-21	longevity	Drosophila melanogaster	184-193
31717666-7	2019	In contrast, combined exposure to atrazine and paraquat had detrimental synergistic effects on female longevity.	Paraquat	47-55	longevity	Drosophila melanogaster	102-111
31717666-5	2019	Atrazine and paraquat interact to affect D. melanogaster climbing ability and longevity in different ways.	Paraquat	13-21	longevity	Drosophila melanogaster	78-87
31781324-0	2019	Metformin Activates the Protective Effects of the AMPK Pathway in Acute Lung Injury Caused by Paraquat Poisoning.	Paraquat	94-102	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
31425380-0	2019	Cardioprotective Effects of Atorvastatin Are Mediated Through PPARgamma in Paraquat-Exposed Rats.	Paraquat	75-83	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	62-71
31119555-6	2019	The present study indicates that rapid influx of extracellular Zn2+ into dopaminergic neurons via PQ-induced TRPM2 cation channel activation accelerates nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration in aged rats.	Paraquat	98-100	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	109-114
31602242-0	2019	Wnt1 silencing enhances neurotoxicity induced by paraquat and maneb in SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	49-57	Wnt family member 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
31602242-3	2019	A previous study demonstrated that developmental exposure to PQ and MB affects the expression of Wnt1, Wnt5a, nuclear receptor-related factor 1 (NURR1) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).	Paraquat	61-63	Wnt family member 1	Homo sapiens	97-101
31602242-3	2019	A previous study demonstrated that developmental exposure to PQ and MB affects the expression of Wnt1, Wnt5a, nuclear receptor-related factor 1 (NURR1) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).	Paraquat	61-63	Wnt family member 5A	Homo sapiens	103-108
31602242-3	2019	A previous study demonstrated that developmental exposure to PQ and MB affects the expression of Wnt1, Wnt5a, nuclear receptor-related factor 1 (NURR1) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).	Paraquat	61-63	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2	Homo sapiens	110-143
31602242-3	2019	A previous study demonstrated that developmental exposure to PQ and MB affects the expression of Wnt1, Wnt5a, nuclear receptor-related factor 1 (NURR1) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).	Paraquat	61-63	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2	Homo sapiens	145-150
31602242-3	2019	A previous study demonstrated that developmental exposure to PQ and MB affects the expression of Wnt1, Wnt5a, nuclear receptor-related factor 1 (NURR1) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).	Paraquat	61-63	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	156-176
31602242-3	2019	A previous study demonstrated that developmental exposure to PQ and MB affects the expression of Wnt1, Wnt5a, nuclear receptor-related factor 1 (NURR1) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).	Paraquat	61-63	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	178-180
31602242-6	2019	The results of the current study indicated that exposure to PQ and MB decreased Wnt1, beta-catenin, NURR1 and TH levels and increased Wnt5a levels.	Paraquat	60-62	Wnt family member 1	Homo sapiens	80-84
31602242-6	2019	The results of the current study indicated that exposure to PQ and MB decreased Wnt1, beta-catenin, NURR1 and TH levels and increased Wnt5a levels.	Paraquat	60-62	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	86-98
31602242-6	2019	The results of the current study indicated that exposure to PQ and MB decreased Wnt1, beta-catenin, NURR1 and TH levels and increased Wnt5a levels.	Paraquat	60-62	nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2	Homo sapiens	100-105
31602242-6	2019	The results of the current study indicated that exposure to PQ and MB decreased Wnt1, beta-catenin, NURR1 and TH levels and increased Wnt5a levels.	Paraquat	60-62	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	110-112
31602242-6	2019	The results of the current study indicated that exposure to PQ and MB decreased Wnt1, beta-catenin, NURR1 and TH levels and increased Wnt5a levels.	Paraquat	60-62	Wnt family member 5A	Homo sapiens	134-139
31602242-7	2019	Furthermore, Wnt1 silencing has the same effect as exposure to PQ and MB.	Paraquat	63-65	Wnt family member 1	Homo sapiens	13-17
31933805-1	2019	Cannabinoid receptor-2 activation plays a protective role against ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) in various organs, and exerts a protective effect against paraquat-induced acute lung injury, while the role of CB2 in lung IRI remains unclear.	Paraquat	158-166	cannabinoid receptor 2 (macrophage)	Mus musculus	0-22
31119555-1	2019	On the basis of the evidence that paraquat (PQ)-induced extracellular Zn2+ influx causes PQ-induced pathogenesis in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats, we postulated that the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channels activated with PQ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked with extracellular glutamate accumulation in the SNpc, followed by age-related intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation.	Paraquat	34-42	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	190-231
31119555-1	2019	On the basis of the evidence that paraquat (PQ)-induced extracellular Zn2+ influx causes PQ-induced pathogenesis in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats, we postulated that the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channels activated with PQ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked with extracellular glutamate accumulation in the SNpc, followed by age-related intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation.	Paraquat	34-42	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	233-238
31119555-1	2019	On the basis of the evidence that paraquat (PQ)-induced extracellular Zn2+ influx causes PQ-induced pathogenesis in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats, we postulated that the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channels activated with PQ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked with extracellular glutamate accumulation in the SNpc, followed by age-related intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation.	Paraquat	44-46	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	190-231
31119555-1	2019	On the basis of the evidence that paraquat (PQ)-induced extracellular Zn2+ influx causes PQ-induced pathogenesis in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats, we postulated that the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channels activated with PQ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked with extracellular glutamate accumulation in the SNpc, followed by age-related intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation.	Paraquat	44-46	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	233-238
31119555-1	2019	On the basis of the evidence that paraquat (PQ)-induced extracellular Zn2+ influx causes PQ-induced pathogenesis in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats, we postulated that the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channels activated with PQ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked with extracellular glutamate accumulation in the SNpc, followed by age-related intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation.	Paraquat	89-91	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	190-231
31119555-1	2019	On the basis of the evidence that paraquat (PQ)-induced extracellular Zn2+ influx causes PQ-induced pathogenesis in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats, we postulated that the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channels activated with PQ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked with extracellular glutamate accumulation in the SNpc, followed by age-related intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation.	Paraquat	89-91	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	233-238
31119555-1	2019	On the basis of the evidence that paraquat (PQ)-induced extracellular Zn2+ influx causes PQ-induced pathogenesis in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats, we postulated that the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channels activated with PQ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked with extracellular glutamate accumulation in the SNpc, followed by age-related intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation.	Paraquat	89-91	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	190-231
31119555-1	2019	On the basis of the evidence that paraquat (PQ)-induced extracellular Zn2+ influx causes PQ-induced pathogenesis in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of rats, we postulated that the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) cation channels activated with PQ-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked with extracellular glutamate accumulation in the SNpc, followed by age-related intracellular Zn2+ dysregulation.	Paraquat	89-91	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	233-238
31119555-2	2019	Presynaptic activity (glutamate exocytosis), which was determined with FM4-64, was enhanced in the SNpc after exposure to PQ, and the enhancement was inhibited in the presence of N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid (ACA), a blocker of TRPM2 cation channels, suggesting that PQ-induced ROS enhances presynaptic activity in the SNpc, probably via TRPM2 channel activation.	Paraquat	122-124	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	235-240
31119555-2	2019	Presynaptic activity (glutamate exocytosis), which was determined with FM4-64, was enhanced in the SNpc after exposure to PQ, and the enhancement was inhibited in the presence of N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid (ACA), a blocker of TRPM2 cation channels, suggesting that PQ-induced ROS enhances presynaptic activity in the SNpc, probably via TRPM2 channel activation.	Paraquat	122-124	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	345-350
31119555-3	2019	Extracellular glutamate concentration in the SNpc was increased almost to the same extent under the SNpc perfusion with PQ of young and aged rats, and was suppressed by co-perfusion with ACA, suggesting that PQ-induced TRPM2 cation channel activation enhances glutamate exocytosis in the SNpc.	Paraquat	208-210	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	219-224
31634513-8	2019	DSP-4 treatment also exacerbated paraquat and maneb-induced decrease of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and glutathione contents as well as increase of lipid peroxidation and expressions of gp91phox and p47phox, two subunits of NADPH oxidase, which are all involved in ferroptosis, in mice.	Paraquat	33-41	glutathione peroxidase 4	Mus musculus	72-96
31634513-8	2019	DSP-4 treatment also exacerbated paraquat and maneb-induced decrease of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and glutathione contents as well as increase of lipid peroxidation and expressions of gp91phox and p47phox, two subunits of NADPH oxidase, which are all involved in ferroptosis, in mice.	Paraquat	33-41	glutathione peroxidase 4	Mus musculus	98-102
31634513-8	2019	DSP-4 treatment also exacerbated paraquat and maneb-induced decrease of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and glutathione contents as well as increase of lipid peroxidation and expressions of gp91phox and p47phox, two subunits of NADPH oxidase, which are all involved in ferroptosis, in mice.	Paraquat	33-41	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	203-210
31198969-10	2019	Methyl viologen (an O2.- generator), H2O2 and NaCl treatment could induce an increase in CrMDAR1 transcript level.	Paraquat	0-15	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	89-96
31264342-0	2019	Forkhead box O3 protects the heart against paraquat-induced aging-associated phenotypes by upregulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes.	Paraquat	43-51	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	0-15
31264342-4	2019	Moreover, PQ inhibits the activation of Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3), an important longevity factor, both in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	10-12	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	40-55
31264342-4	2019	Moreover, PQ inhibits the activation of Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3), an important longevity factor, both in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	10-12	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	57-62
31264342-5	2019	We found that PQ-induced senescence phenotypes, including proliferation inhibition, apoptosis, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, and p16INK4a expression, were significantly enhanced by FoxO3 deficiency in cardiomyocytes.	Paraquat	14-16	galactosidase, beta 1	Mus musculus	117-135
31264342-5	2019	We found that PQ-induced senescence phenotypes, including proliferation inhibition, apoptosis, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, and p16INK4a expression, were significantly enhanced by FoxO3 deficiency in cardiomyocytes.	Paraquat	14-16	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A	Mus musculus	150-158
31264342-5	2019	We found that PQ-induced senescence phenotypes, including proliferation inhibition, apoptosis, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, and p16INK4a expression, were significantly enhanced by FoxO3 deficiency in cardiomyocytes.	Paraquat	14-16	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	202-207
31264342-7	2019	In addition, both in vitro deficiency and in vivo deficiency of FoxO3 greatly suppressed the activation of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in the presence of PQ, which was accompanied by attenuation in cardiac function.	Paraquat	205-207	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	64-69
31264342-7	2019	In addition, both in vitro deficiency and in vivo deficiency of FoxO3 greatly suppressed the activation of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in the presence of PQ, which was accompanied by attenuation in cardiac function.	Paraquat	205-207	catalase	Mus musculus	137-145
31264342-7	2019	In addition, both in vitro deficiency and in vivo deficiency of FoxO3 greatly suppressed the activation of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in the presence of PQ, which was accompanied by attenuation in cardiac function.	Paraquat	205-207	catalase	Mus musculus	147-150
31264342-7	2019	In addition, both in vitro deficiency and in vivo deficiency of FoxO3 greatly suppressed the activation of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in the presence of PQ, which was accompanied by attenuation in cardiac function.	Paraquat	205-207	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	156-178
31264342-7	2019	In addition, both in vitro deficiency and in vivo deficiency of FoxO3 greatly suppressed the activation of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in the presence of PQ, which was accompanied by attenuation in cardiac function.	Paraquat	205-207	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	180-184
31264342-9	2019	Functionally, overexpression of Cat or Sod2 alleviated the PQ-induced senescence phenotypes in FoxO3-deficient cardiomyocyte cell lines.	Paraquat	59-61	catalase	Mus musculus	32-35
31264342-9	2019	Functionally, overexpression of Cat or Sod2 alleviated the PQ-induced senescence phenotypes in FoxO3-deficient cardiomyocyte cell lines.	Paraquat	59-61	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	39-43
31264342-9	2019	Functionally, overexpression of Cat or Sod2 alleviated the PQ-induced senescence phenotypes in FoxO3-deficient cardiomyocyte cell lines.	Paraquat	59-61	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	95-100
31264342-11	2019	Collectively, these results suggest that FoxO3 protects the heart against an aging-associated decline in cardiac function in mice exposed to PQ, at least in part by upregulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes and suppressing oxidative stress.	Paraquat	141-143	forkhead box O3	Mus musculus	41-46
31302232-4	2019	Our findings clearly indicated decrease in immunoreactivity of retinal and extra retinal photoreceptors (Iodopsin, rhodopsin and transducin) following PQ treatment in comparison to control group.	Paraquat	151-153	rhodopsin	Coturnix japonica	115-124
31302232-5	2019	Increased immunoreactivity of GnIH was observed in testis and epididymis of PQ treated group.	Paraquat	76-78	gonadotropin inhibitory hormone peptides	Coturnix japonica	30-34
31302232-6	2019	Decreased mRNA expression of photoreceptors (rhodopsin and melanopsin), steroidogenic genes, androgen receptor, GnRH-I were found in PQ treated group while increased mRNA expression of melatonin receptors (Mel 1a R, Mel 1b R, Mel 1c R) and GnIH were found in PQ treated group.	Paraquat	133-135	rhodopsin	Coturnix japonica	45-54
31302232-6	2019	Decreased mRNA expression of photoreceptors (rhodopsin and melanopsin), steroidogenic genes, androgen receptor, GnRH-I were found in PQ treated group while increased mRNA expression of melatonin receptors (Mel 1a R, Mel 1b R, Mel 1c R) and GnIH were found in PQ treated group.	Paraquat	133-135	androgen receptor	Coturnix japonica	93-110
31302232-6	2019	Decreased mRNA expression of photoreceptors (rhodopsin and melanopsin), steroidogenic genes, androgen receptor, GnRH-I were found in PQ treated group while increased mRNA expression of melatonin receptors (Mel 1a R, Mel 1b R, Mel 1c R) and GnIH were found in PQ treated group.	Paraquat	133-135	gonadotropin inhibitory hormone peptides	Coturnix japonica	240-244
31311324-4	2019	In situ RNA hybridization supported neuron-specific formation of NEAT1-based paraspeckles at the SN and demonstrated coincreases of NEAT1 and paraspeckles in cultured cells under paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	179-187	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	132-137
31311324-4	2019	In situ RNA hybridization supported neuron-specific formation of NEAT1-based paraspeckles at the SN and demonstrated coincreases of NEAT1 and paraspeckles in cultured cells under paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	189-191	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	65-70
31311324-4	2019	In situ RNA hybridization supported neuron-specific formation of NEAT1-based paraspeckles at the SN and demonstrated coincreases of NEAT1 and paraspeckles in cultured cells under paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	189-191	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	132-137
31311324-5	2019	Furthermore, neuroprotective agents, including fenofibrate and simvastatin, induced NEAT1 up-regulation, whereas RNA interference-mediated depletion of NEAT1 exacerbated death of PQ-exposed cells in a leucine-rich repeat kinase 2-mediated manner.	Paraquat	179-181	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1	Homo sapiens	152-157
31311324-5	2019	Furthermore, neuroprotective agents, including fenofibrate and simvastatin, induced NEAT1 up-regulation, whereas RNA interference-mediated depletion of NEAT1 exacerbated death of PQ-exposed cells in a leucine-rich repeat kinase 2-mediated manner.	Paraquat	179-181	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	201-229
31560695-8	2019	Compared with that in the control group, the content of LDH, TNF-alpha and MDA in the lung tissue of the PQ group was significantly higher, and the activity of SOD in the lung tissue was significantly lower (all p<0.05).	Paraquat	105-107	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	61-70
31381934-0	2019	Ghrelin ameliorates A549 cell apoptosis caused by paraquat via p38-MAPK regulated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.	Paraquat	50-58	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	63-66
31560695-11	2019	There were significant differences in MDA and TNF-alpha content between the PQ group and MH group (all p<0.05).	Paraquat	76-78	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	46-55
31322172-3	2019	Treatment with the Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin significantly increased PQ-induced cytotoxicity, elevated the intracellular level of Ca2+, and increased the apoptosis rate, the protein expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and the activities of caspase-7 and caspase-12 in PQ-treated cells.	Paraquat	78-80	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Homo sapiens	205-233
31611897-0	2019	Enhanced Tolerance to Methyl Viologen-Mediated Oxidative Stress via AtGR2 Expression From Chloroplast Genome.	Paraquat	22-37	glyoxylate reductase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	68-73
31481676-6	2019	We found that PQ exposure leads to the activation of the NF-kappaB transcription factor, Relish, and the stress signaling factor JNK, encoded by the gene basket in Drosophila.	Paraquat	14-16	Relish	Drosophila melanogaster	89-95
31481676-6	2019	We found that PQ exposure leads to the activation of the NF-kappaB transcription factor, Relish, and the stress signaling factor JNK, encoded by the gene basket in Drosophila.	Paraquat	14-16	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	129-132
31481676-7	2019	Relish knockdown in the dopaminergic neurons confers PQ resistance and rescues mobility defects and DA neuron loss.	Paraquat	53-55	Relish	Drosophila melanogaster	0-6
31481676-9	2019	Surprisingly, the expression of Relish-dependent anti-microbial peptide (AMPs) genes is suppressed upon PQ exposure causing increased sensitivity to Gram-negative bacterial infection.	Paraquat	104-106	Relish	Drosophila melanogaster	32-38
31128353-7	2019	Paraquat lowered Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd11b1 but increased Srd5a1 on post-EDS day 56.	Paraquat	0-8	cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	17-24
31128353-7	2019	Paraquat lowered Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd11b1 but increased Srd5a1 on post-EDS day 56.	Paraquat	0-8	cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	26-33
31128353-7	2019	Paraquat lowered Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd11b1 but increased Srd5a1 on post-EDS day 56.	Paraquat	0-8	hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	39-46
31128353-7	2019	Paraquat lowered Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd11b1 but increased Srd5a1 on post-EDS day 56.	Paraquat	0-8	steroid 5 alpha-reductase 1	Rattus norvegicus	61-67
31104516-0	2019	Lymphocyte and its CD4+ and CD8+ subgroup changes after paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	56-64	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	19-22
31104516-0	2019	Lymphocyte and its CD4+ and CD8+ subgroup changes after paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	56-64	CD8a molecule	Homo sapiens	28-31
31325012-0	2019	Correction to: CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress regulates HO-1 and GST expression in maneb- and paraquat-treated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Paraquat	96-104	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	15-21
31299241-0	2019	Paraquat modulates microglia M1/M2 polarization via activation of TLR4-mediated NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	Paraquat	0-8	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	66-70
31299241-6	2019	The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined using ELISA and western blotting assays, showing that paraquat significantly promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin 6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	111-119	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	194-221
31299241-6	2019	The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined using ELISA and western blotting assays, showing that paraquat significantly promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin 6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	111-119	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	223-232
31299241-6	2019	The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined using ELISA and western blotting assays, showing that paraquat significantly promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin 6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	111-119	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	235-252
31299241-6	2019	The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined using ELISA and western blotting assays, showing that paraquat significantly promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin 6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	111-119	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	254-262
31299241-6	2019	The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined using ELISA and western blotting assays, showing that paraquat significantly promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin 6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	111-119	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	268-281
31299241-6	2019	The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined using ELISA and western blotting assays, showing that paraquat significantly promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin 6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	111-119	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	283-287
31299241-8	2019	Taken together, our results suggested that PQ induces M1 microglia polarization by increased production of pro-inflammatory molecules, which could be explained by the activation of the TLR4-mediated NF-kappaB signaling pathway.	Paraquat	43-45	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	185-189
31403933-6	2019	As a result, the ROS/SKN-1-dependent lifespan extension observed in paraquat-treated animals, mitochondrial respiration mutant isp-1 and germline-less mutant glp-1 are all suppressed by glucose.	Paraquat	68-76	BZIP domain-containing protein;Protein skinhead-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	21-26
31495108-15	2019	After 48 hours, the expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and IL-1beta in peripheral blood significantly increased by 39%, 45%, and 38%, respectively, in the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) , but they significantly decreased by 31%, 13%, and 22%, respectively, in the OPCs+PQ group as compared with the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	156-158	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	34-43
31495108-15	2019	After 48 hours, the expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and IL-1beta in peripheral blood significantly increased by 39%, 45%, and 38%, respectively, in the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) , but they significantly decreased by 31%, 13%, and 22%, respectively, in the OPCs+PQ group as compared with the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	156-158	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	45-54
31495108-15	2019	After 48 hours, the expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and IL-1beta in peripheral blood significantly increased by 39%, 45%, and 38%, respectively, in the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) , but they significantly decreased by 31%, 13%, and 22%, respectively, in the OPCs+PQ group as compared with the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	156-158	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	60-68
31495108-15	2019	After 48 hours, the expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and IL-1beta in peripheral blood significantly increased by 39%, 45%, and 38%, respectively, in the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) , but they significantly decreased by 31%, 13%, and 22%, respectively, in the OPCs+PQ group as compared with the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	260-262	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	34-43
31495108-15	2019	After 48 hours, the expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and IL-1beta in peripheral blood significantly increased by 39%, 45%, and 38%, respectively, in the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) , but they significantly decreased by 31%, 13%, and 22%, respectively, in the OPCs+PQ group as compared with the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	260-262	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	60-68
31495108-15	2019	After 48 hours, the expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and IL-1beta in peripheral blood significantly increased by 39%, 45%, and 38%, respectively, in the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) , but they significantly decreased by 31%, 13%, and 22%, respectively, in the OPCs+PQ group as compared with the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	260-262	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	34-43
31495108-15	2019	After 48 hours, the expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and IL-1beta in peripheral blood significantly increased by 39%, 45%, and 38%, respectively, in the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) , but they significantly decreased by 31%, 13%, and 22%, respectively, in the OPCs+PQ group as compared with the PQ group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	260-262	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	60-68
30861187-0	2019	Reduning injection ameliorates paraquat-induced acute lung injury by regulating AMPK/MAPK/NF-kappaB signaling.	Paraquat	31-39	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	90-99
31028577-0	2019	Curcumin Modulates Paraquat-Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition by Regulating Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta) in A549 Cells.	Paraquat	19-27	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	87-118
31028577-0	2019	Curcumin Modulates Paraquat-Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition by Regulating Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta) in A549 Cells.	Paraquat	19-27	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	120-128
31028577-6	2019	Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) that seems to be involved in PQ-induced EMT was enhanced after PQ intoxication, but curcumin pretreatment has effectively inhibited its expression.	Paraquat	72-74	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-31
31028577-6	2019	Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) that seems to be involved in PQ-induced EMT was enhanced after PQ intoxication, but curcumin pretreatment has effectively inhibited its expression.	Paraquat	72-74	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	33-41
31028577-6	2019	Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) that seems to be involved in PQ-induced EMT was enhanced after PQ intoxication, but curcumin pretreatment has effectively inhibited its expression.	Paraquat	106-108	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	0-31
31028577-6	2019	Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) that seems to be involved in PQ-induced EMT was enhanced after PQ intoxication, but curcumin pretreatment has effectively inhibited its expression.	Paraquat	106-108	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	33-41
31028577-7	2019	Immunostaining studies have shown that curcumin pretreatment has significantly reduced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expressions, which were elevated after PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	161-163	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	87-113
31028577-7	2019	Immunostaining studies have shown that curcumin pretreatment has significantly reduced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expressions, which were elevated after PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	161-163	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	115-120
31028577-8	2019	These results demonstrate that curcumin can regulate PQ-induced EMT by regulating the expression of TGF-beta.	Paraquat	53-55	transforming growth factor alpha	Homo sapiens	100-108
30861187-8	2019	The above data indicated protective effects for RDN in PQ-induced lung damage, possibly through inhibition of the AMPK/MAPK/NF-kappaB pathway.	Paraquat	55-57	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	124-133
31467635-5	2019	Strikingly, mPS1-transfected neurons express higher excitability and eventual lower survival rate when exposed to the oxidative stressor, paraquat.	Paraquat	138-146	presenilin 1	Mus musculus	12-16
31368498-0	2019	Nrf2-regulated miR-380-3p blocks the translation of Sp3 protein and its mediation of paraquat-induced toxicity in mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells.	Paraquat	85-93	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	0-4
31368498-0	2019	Nrf2-regulated miR-380-3p blocks the translation of Sp3 protein and its mediation of paraquat-induced toxicity in mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells.	Paraquat	85-93	trans-acting transcription factor 3	Mus musculus	52-55
31368498-8	2019	Two mediators of apoptosis and cell cycle identified in previous studies as Sp3-regulated, namely cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) and calmodulin (CaM), were dysregulated by PQ, but not Sp3 deficiency.	Paraquat	183-185	trans-acting transcription factor 3	Mus musculus	76-79
31368498-8	2019	Two mediators of apoptosis and cell cycle identified in previous studies as Sp3-regulated, namely cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) and calmodulin (CaM), were dysregulated by PQ, but not Sp3 deficiency.	Paraquat	183-185	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	135-138
31368498-9	2019	In conclusion, Nrf2-regulated miR-380-3p inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced the PQ-induced toxicity in N2a cells potentially by blocking the translation Sp3 mRNA.	Paraquat	87-89	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	15-19
31368498-9	2019	In conclusion, Nrf2-regulated miR-380-3p inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced the PQ-induced toxicity in N2a cells potentially by blocking the translation Sp3 mRNA.	Paraquat	87-89	trans-acting transcription factor 3	Mus musculus	160-163
31368498-10	2019	We conclude that CaM and p21 were involved in PQ-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	46-48	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21)	Mus musculus	25-28
30977401-0	2019	Beclin 1, LC3, and p62 expression in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	37-45	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	0-8
31331066-0	2019	Effect of Vasicinone against Paraquat-Induced MAPK/p53-Mediated Apoptosis via the IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT Pathway in a Parkinson"s Disease-Associated SH-SY5Y Cell Model.	Paraquat	29-37	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	51-54
31331066-0	2019	Effect of Vasicinone against Paraquat-Induced MAPK/p53-Mediated Apoptosis via the IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT Pathway in a Parkinson"s Disease-Associated SH-SY5Y Cell Model.	Paraquat	29-37	insulin like growth factor 1 receptor	Homo sapiens	82-88
31331066-0	2019	Effect of Vasicinone against Paraquat-Induced MAPK/p53-Mediated Apoptosis via the IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT Pathway in a Parkinson"s Disease-Associated SH-SY5Y Cell Model.	Paraquat	29-37	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	94-97
30977401-0	2019	Beclin 1, LC3, and p62 expression in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	37-45	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	10-13
30977401-0	2019	Beclin 1, LC3, and p62 expression in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	37-45	nucleoporin 62	Homo sapiens	19-22
30977401-4	2019	In this study, we aimed to determine expressions of autophagy-related markers Beclin 1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), and p62 in PQ-poisoned lungs and to explore the role of autophagy in pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	151-153	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	78-86
30977401-4	2019	In this study, we aimed to determine expressions of autophagy-related markers Beclin 1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), and p62 in PQ-poisoned lungs and to explore the role of autophagy in pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	151-153	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	134-137
30977401-4	2019	In this study, we aimed to determine expressions of autophagy-related markers Beclin 1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), and p62 in PQ-poisoned lungs and to explore the role of autophagy in pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	151-153	nucleoporin 62	Homo sapiens	144-147
31312382-0	2019	The protective effects of bone mesenchymal stem cells on paraquat-induced acute lung injury via the muc5b and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways.	Paraquat	57-65	mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Rattus norvegicus	100-105
31003001-0	2019	Doxycycline alleviates paraquat-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting neutrophil-derived matrix metalloproteinase 9.	Paraquat	23-31	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	91-117
31003001-4	2019	We tested the hypothesis that suppressing neutrophil-derived matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) would ameliorate the inflammatory milieu and alleviate PQ-induced ALI.	Paraquat	150-152	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	61-87
31003001-4	2019	We tested the hypothesis that suppressing neutrophil-derived matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) would ameliorate the inflammatory milieu and alleviate PQ-induced ALI.	Paraquat	150-152	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	89-93
31003001-8	2019	In PQ-induced ALI, the activity of neutrophil-derived MMP9 but not MMP2 increased significantly.	Paraquat	3-5	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	54-58
31003001-9	2019	Neutrophil depletion reduced the inflammatory burden, improved pulmonary edema, and reduced the PQ-induced overexpression of MMP9.	Paraquat	96-98	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	125-129
31003001-10	2019	Consistently, oral delivery of DOX to mice decreased the overexpression of MMP9 that was activated by PQ and phenocopied the resolution of PQ-induced ALI observed after neutrophil depletion.	Paraquat	102-104	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	75-79
31003001-10	2019	Consistently, oral delivery of DOX to mice decreased the overexpression of MMP9 that was activated by PQ and phenocopied the resolution of PQ-induced ALI observed after neutrophil depletion.	Paraquat	139-141	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	75-79
31003001-11	2019	Taken together, our results show for the first time that DOX is involved in the resolution of PQ-induced ALI via a mechanism involving reducing the activity of neutrophil-derived MMP9.	Paraquat	94-96	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	179-183
30519817-0	2019	Conditional Haploinsufficiency of beta-Catenin Aggravates Neuronal Damage in a Paraquat-Based Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease.	Paraquat	79-87	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	34-46
30519817-3	2019	In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of specific inhibition of the canonical pathway by hemizygous knockout of beta-catenin, the obligatory component of the canonical Wnt pathway, on paraquat (PQ)-induced DA neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra in vivo.	Paraquat	195-203	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	123-135
30519817-3	2019	In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of specific inhibition of the canonical pathway by hemizygous knockout of beta-catenin, the obligatory component of the canonical Wnt pathway, on paraquat (PQ)-induced DA neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra in vivo.	Paraquat	205-207	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	123-135
30519817-4	2019	We found that while hemizygous conditional knockout of beta-catenin in DA neurons did not cause any significant TH+ neuronal loss in the substantia nigra at basal level, it triggered elevated oxidative stress at basal level and further enhanced PQ-induced oxidative damage and loss of TH+ neurons in the substantia nigra and axonal termini in the striatum that manifested as exacerbated motor deficits.	Paraquat	245-247	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	55-67
31312382-0	2019	The protective effects of bone mesenchymal stem cells on paraquat-induced acute lung injury via the muc5b and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways.	Paraquat	57-65	Eph receptor B1	Rattus norvegicus	110-113
31312382-0	2019	The protective effects of bone mesenchymal stem cells on paraquat-induced acute lung injury via the muc5b and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways.	Paraquat	57-65	mitogen activated protein kinase 3	Rattus norvegicus	114-118
31312382-6	2019	RESULTS: BMSCs had decreased mRNA expression of Muc5b in lung tissue of rats with PQ-induced ALI as shown by RNA-seq.	Paraquat	82-84	mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Rattus norvegicus	48-53
31312382-7	2019	Treatment with BMSCs also alleviated the PQ-induced increases in protein expression in the BALF and reduced the concentration of IL-17, IL-6, and Muc5b in both the BALF and ATII culture medium.	Paraquat	41-43	interleukin 17A	Rattus norvegicus	129-134
31312382-7	2019	Treatment with BMSCs also alleviated the PQ-induced increases in protein expression in the BALF and reduced the concentration of IL-17, IL-6, and Muc5b in both the BALF and ATII culture medium.	Paraquat	41-43	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	136-140
31312382-7	2019	Treatment with BMSCs also alleviated the PQ-induced increases in protein expression in the BALF and reduced the concentration of IL-17, IL-6, and Muc5b in both the BALF and ATII culture medium.	Paraquat	41-43	mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Rattus norvegicus	146-151
31174552-0	2019	Leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) modulates paraquat-induced inflammatory sickness and stress phenotype.	Paraquat	47-55	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	0-28
31174552-0	2019	Leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) modulates paraquat-induced inflammatory sickness and stress phenotype.	Paraquat	47-55	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	30-35
31174552-5	2019	RESULTS: Paraquat-induced signs of sickness, inflammation (elevated IL-6), and peripheral toxicity (e.g., organ weight) were completely prevented by LRRK2 knockout.	Paraquat	9-17	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	68-72
31174552-5	2019	RESULTS: Paraquat-induced signs of sickness, inflammation (elevated IL-6), and peripheral toxicity (e.g., organ weight) were completely prevented by LRRK2 knockout.	Paraquat	9-17	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	149-154
31174552-9	2019	CONCLUSION: We are the first to show the importance of LRRK2 in the peripheral neurotoxic and stressor-like effects of paraquat.	Paraquat	119-127	leucine-rich repeat kinase 2	Mus musculus	55-60
30715303-0	2019	Neuroprotective effects of PACAP against paraquat-induced oxidative stress in the Drosophila central nervous system.	Paraquat	41-49	amnesiac	Drosophila melanogaster	27-32
31106605-0	2019	Chlorogenic acid prevents paraquat-induced apoptosis via Sirt1-mediated regulation of redox and mitochondrial function.	Paraquat	26-34	sirtuin 1	Homo sapiens	57-62
31106605-6	2019	A549 cells were pretreated with 100 microM CA for 24 h and then exposed to 160 microM PQ for 24 h. We found that CA was effective in preventing PQ-induced apoptotic features, including the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to cytoplasm, the cleavages of caspase 3 and caspase 9, and the increases in levels of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and intracellular calcium ions.	Paraquat	144-146	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	200-212
31106605-6	2019	A549 cells were pretreated with 100 microM CA for 24 h and then exposed to 160 microM PQ for 24 h. We found that CA was effective in preventing PQ-induced apoptotic features, including the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to cytoplasm, the cleavages of caspase 3 and caspase 9, and the increases in levels of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and intracellular calcium ions.	Paraquat	144-146	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	266-275
31106605-6	2019	A549 cells were pretreated with 100 microM CA for 24 h and then exposed to 160 microM PQ for 24 h. We found that CA was effective in preventing PQ-induced apoptotic features, including the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to cytoplasm, the cleavages of caspase 3 and caspase 9, and the increases in levels of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and intracellular calcium ions.	Paraquat	144-146	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	280-289
31106605-6	2019	A549 cells were pretreated with 100 microM CA for 24 h and then exposed to 160 microM PQ for 24 h. We found that CA was effective in preventing PQ-induced apoptotic features, including the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to cytoplasm, the cleavages of caspase 3 and caspase 9, and the increases in levels of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and intracellular calcium ions.	Paraquat	144-146	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	322-348
31106605-6	2019	A549 cells were pretreated with 100 microM CA for 24 h and then exposed to 160 microM PQ for 24 h. We found that CA was effective in preventing PQ-induced apoptotic features, including the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to cytoplasm, the cleavages of caspase 3 and caspase 9, and the increases in levels of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and intracellular calcium ions.	Paraquat	144-146	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	350-353
31106605-7	2019	CA alleviated ROS production and prevented the reduction of antioxidant capacity in cells exposed to PQ by increasing NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and glutathione levels.	Paraquat	101-103	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	118-140
31106605-7	2019	CA alleviated ROS production and prevented the reduction of antioxidant capacity in cells exposed to PQ by increasing NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and glutathione levels.	Paraquat	101-103	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	142-146
31106605-7	2019	CA alleviated ROS production and prevented the reduction of antioxidant capacity in cells exposed to PQ by increasing NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and glutathione levels.	Paraquat	101-103	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	149-171
31106605-7	2019	CA alleviated ROS production and prevented the reduction of antioxidant capacity in cells exposed to PQ by increasing NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and glutathione levels.	Paraquat	101-103	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	173-177
31037371-5	2019	Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively.	Paraquat	49-51	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	99-102
31037371-5	2019	Under the optimized experimental conditions, the PQ analytical curve was linear from 0.4 to 2.0 mg L-1 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.06 and 0.19 mg L-1, respectively.	Paraquat	49-51	immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-16	Homo sapiens	172-175
30715303-4	2019	In contrast and interestingly, application of a PACAP receptor antagonist, PACAP-6-38, had opposite effects, significantly decreasing the resistance of flies to PQ.	Paraquat	161-163	amnesiac	Drosophila melanogaster	48-53
30715303-5	2019	PACAP also reduced PQ-induced caspase activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in the VNC.	Paraquat	19-21	amnesiac	Drosophila melanogaster	0-5
30715303-7	2019	Knocking down the gene encoding the receptor Han/PDFR of the neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) in all neurons conferred to flies higher resistance to PQ, whereas PDFR downregulation restricted to PDF or DA neurons did not increase PQ resistance, but remarkably suppressed the neuroprotective action of PACAP.	Paraquat	161-163	Pigment-dispersing factor receptor	Drosophila melanogaster	49-53
30715303-7	2019	Knocking down the gene encoding the receptor Han/PDFR of the neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) in all neurons conferred to flies higher resistance to PQ, whereas PDFR downregulation restricted to PDF or DA neurons did not increase PQ resistance, but remarkably suppressed the neuroprotective action of PACAP.	Paraquat	242-244	Pigment-dispersing factor receptor	Drosophila melanogaster	49-53
30715303-10	2019	Our results therefore suggest that the protective action of PACAP against PQ-induced defects in the Drosophila nervous system involves the modulation of PDFR signaling in a small number of interconnected neurons.	Paraquat	74-76	amnesiac	Drosophila melanogaster	60-65
30715303-10	2019	Our results therefore suggest that the protective action of PACAP against PQ-induced defects in the Drosophila nervous system involves the modulation of PDFR signaling in a small number of interconnected neurons.	Paraquat	74-76	Pigment-dispersing factor receptor	Drosophila melanogaster	153-157
31153464-9	2019	Taking together these results indicate the protective effect of CA against PQ-induced oxidative damage in D. melanogaster was likely through its coordination which hinders Nrf2-keap-1 binding leading to an increase of the antioxidant defense system.	Paraquat	75-77	Keap1	Drosophila melanogaster	177-183
31177710-0	2019	[Doxycycline inhibits paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis via TGF-beta1/Smad pathway].	Paraquat	22-30	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	62-71
30658152-9	2019	Furthermore, when the chemotactic effect of MSCs via CXCL12 was blocked by a pharmacologic agent, AMD3100, it alleviated the development of the fibrotic process and improved survival rate in mice exposed to PQ.	Paraquat	207-209	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12	Mus musculus	53-59
30658152-10	2019	CONCLUSION: Collectively, our data suggest paraquat intoxication rapidly activated Nestin + MSCs and that blocking chemotactic effects of MSCs by perivascular CXCL12 inhibition may effectively protect pulmonary injury following paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	228-236	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12	Mus musculus	159-165
31177710-4	2019	The expression of TGF-beta1, a-SMA, Smad3 and Smad2 protein was detected by ELISA using 40 ml of paraquat 40 umol/L and 3 mg/L of oleic acid 10 mg/L.	Paraquat	97-105	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	18-27
31177710-4	2019	The expression of TGF-beta1, a-SMA, Smad3 and Smad2 protein was detected by ELISA using 40 ml of paraquat 40 umol/L and 3 mg/L of oleic acid 10 mg/L.	Paraquat	97-105	SMAD family member 2	Mus musculus	46-51
31177710-12	2019	Conclusion: Doxycycline inhibits paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of TGF-beta1, a-SMA and Smad3, Smad2 proteins.	Paraquat	33-41	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	101-110
31177710-12	2019	Conclusion: Doxycycline inhibits paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of TGF-beta1, a-SMA and Smad3, Smad2 proteins.	Paraquat	33-41	actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta	Mus musculus	112-117
31177710-12	2019	Conclusion: Doxycycline inhibits paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of TGF-beta1, a-SMA and Smad3, Smad2 proteins.	Paraquat	33-41	SMAD family member 3	Mus musculus	122-127
31177710-12	2019	Conclusion: Doxycycline inhibits paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of TGF-beta1, a-SMA and Smad3, Smad2 proteins.	Paraquat	33-41	SMAD family member 2	Mus musculus	129-134
30797787-10	2019	Rosiglitazone inhibited the PQ-induced reduction in protein and mRNA levels of PPAR-gamma and PTEN and elevation in protein and mRNA levels of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA.	Paraquat	28-30	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	79-89
30797787-10	2019	Rosiglitazone inhibited the PQ-induced reduction in protein and mRNA levels of PPAR-gamma and PTEN and elevation in protein and mRNA levels of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA.	Paraquat	28-30	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Rattus norvegicus	94-98
30797787-0	2019	Rosiglitazone attenuates paraquat-induced lung fibrosis in rats in a PPAR gamma-dependent manner.	Paraquat	25-33	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	69-79
30797787-10	2019	Rosiglitazone inhibited the PQ-induced reduction in protein and mRNA levels of PPAR-gamma and PTEN and elevation in protein and mRNA levels of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA.	Paraquat	28-30	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	143-152
30797787-12	2019	These data suggest that rosiglitazone attenuated PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis by upregulateing PTEN and downregulating TGF-beta1 expression in a PPAR-gamma dependent manner.	Paraquat	49-51	phosphatase and tensin homolog	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
30797787-12	2019	These data suggest that rosiglitazone attenuated PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis by upregulateing PTEN and downregulating TGF-beta1 expression in a PPAR-gamma dependent manner.	Paraquat	49-51	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	120-129
30797787-12	2019	These data suggest that rosiglitazone attenuated PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis by upregulateing PTEN and downregulating TGF-beta1 expression in a PPAR-gamma dependent manner.	Paraquat	49-51	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	146-156
31092889-1	2019	High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mediates acute lung injury in a mouse model of paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	81-89	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	0-25
31092889-1	2019	High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mediates acute lung injury in a mouse model of paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	81-89	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	27-32
30988750-10	2019	The artery blood PaCO2, serum Smad4, Smurf2 and IL-4 in the paraquat group were significantly lower on day 1 than those on day 5 (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	60-68	SMAD family member 4	Rattus norvegicus	30-35
31039619-7	2019	Gene expression was further assessed, and p38/PMK-1 and Nrf2/SKN-1 expression in worms was suppressed by PQ, which was reversed by RTF treatment.	Paraquat	105-107	Mitogen-activated protein kinase pmk-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	46-51
30988750-10	2019	The artery blood PaCO2, serum Smad4, Smurf2 and IL-4 in the paraquat group were significantly lower on day 1 than those on day 5 (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	60-68	SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2	Rattus norvegicus	37-43
30988750-10	2019	The artery blood PaCO2, serum Smad4, Smurf2 and IL-4 in the paraquat group were significantly lower on day 1 than those on day 5 (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	60-68	interleukin 4	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
31039619-7	2019	Gene expression was further assessed, and p38/PMK-1 and Nrf2/SKN-1 expression in worms was suppressed by PQ, which was reversed by RTF treatment.	Paraquat	105-107	BZIP domain-containing protein;Protein skinhead-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	61-66
31182998-0	2019	The Alexipharmic Mechanisms of Five Licorice Ingredients Involved in CYP450 and Nrf2 Pathways in Paraquat-Induced Mice Acute Lung Injury.	Paraquat	97-105	cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	69-75
30402654-12	2019	CONCLUSION: Rapa can increase the rate of survival of PQ-intoxicated zebrafish by inhibiting mTOR complex 1 and activating autophagy.	Paraquat	54-56	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Danio rerio	93-97
30726997-7	2019	The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of paraquat-induced PD-like pathology in the context of reduced levels of MTHFR.	Paraquat	56-64	methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	Homo sapiens	127-132
30726997-10	2019	Mthfr+/- mice treated with paraquat showed impaired motor function.	Paraquat	27-35	methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	Mus musculus	0-5
30726997-11	2019	There was increased microglial activation within the substantia nigra (SN) of Mthfr+/- mice treated with paraquat.	Paraquat	105-113	methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	Mus musculus	78-83
30726997-12	2019	Additionally, all Mthfr+/- mice that were treated with paraquat showed increased oxidative stress within the dorsal striatum, but not the SN.	Paraquat	55-63	methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase	Mus musculus	18-23
31182998-0	2019	The Alexipharmic Mechanisms of Five Licorice Ingredients Involved in CYP450 and Nrf2 Pathways in Paraquat-Induced Mice Acute Lung Injury.	Paraquat	97-105	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	80-84
30876938-0	2019	TLR3 is involved in paraquat-induced acute renal injury.	Paraquat	20-28	toll-like receptor 3	Mus musculus	0-4
30876938-1	2019	AIMS: To investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in mouse paraquat-induced acute renal injury.	Paraquat	70-78	toll-like receptor 3	Mus musculus	33-53
30876938-1	2019	AIMS: To investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in mouse paraquat-induced acute renal injury.	Paraquat	70-78	toll-like receptor 3	Mus musculus	55-59
30876938-10	2019	TLR3 activation exacerbates inflammation and cell apoptosis in renal tissues by activating NF-kappaB and caspase-8, thus promoting paraquat-induced acute renal injury.	Paraquat	131-139	toll-like receptor 3	Mus musculus	0-4
30876938-10	2019	TLR3 activation exacerbates inflammation and cell apoptosis in renal tissues by activating NF-kappaB and caspase-8, thus promoting paraquat-induced acute renal injury.	Paraquat	131-139	caspase 8	Mus musculus	105-114
30698896-4	2019	RESULTS: A total of 53 genes were up-regulated and 61 genes were down-regulated in PQ treated HUCB-NSCs, including seven genes associated with the differentiation of neural stem cells, for example, Gfap, S100B, Oct4, Gdf3, Sox1, Pax6, and Ngn1.	Paraquat	83-85	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Homo sapiens	198-202
30790579-4	2019	Five flavonoids, including tangeretin, sinensetin, isosinensetin, sciadopitysin and oroxylin A exhibited significant inhibition on P-gp in MDR1-MDCKIIcells, which reduced the P-gp-mediated efflux of paraquat and taxol and consequently increased their cell toxicity.	Paraquat	199-207	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
30790579-4	2019	Five flavonoids, including tangeretin, sinensetin, isosinensetin, sciadopitysin and oroxylin A exhibited significant inhibition on P-gp in MDR1-MDCKIIcells, which reduced the P-gp-mediated efflux of paraquat and taxol and consequently increased their cell toxicity.	Paraquat	199-207	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	175-179
30967525-12	2019	CONCLUSIONS Treatment with MSCs overexpressed Nrf2 gene and activated downstream antioxidant HO-1, leading to inhibit oxidative stress, cell apoptosis and inflammatory response in lung tissue, thereby significantly improving PQ-induced acute lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	225-227	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
30698896-4	2019	RESULTS: A total of 53 genes were up-regulated and 61 genes were down-regulated in PQ treated HUCB-NSCs, including seven genes associated with the differentiation of neural stem cells, for example, Gfap, S100B, Oct4, Gdf3, Sox1, Pax6, and Ngn1.	Paraquat	83-85	S100 calcium binding protein B	Homo sapiens	204-209
30698896-4	2019	RESULTS: A total of 53 genes were up-regulated and 61 genes were down-regulated in PQ treated HUCB-NSCs, including seven genes associated with the differentiation of neural stem cells, for example, Gfap, S100B, Oct4, Gdf3, Sox1, Pax6, and Ngn1.	Paraquat	83-85	POU class 5 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	211-215
30698896-4	2019	RESULTS: A total of 53 genes were up-regulated and 61 genes were down-regulated in PQ treated HUCB-NSCs, including seven genes associated with the differentiation of neural stem cells, for example, Gfap, S100B, Oct4, Gdf3, Sox1, Pax6, and Ngn1.	Paraquat	83-85	growth differentiation factor 3	Homo sapiens	217-221
30698896-4	2019	RESULTS: A total of 53 genes were up-regulated and 61 genes were down-regulated in PQ treated HUCB-NSCs, including seven genes associated with the differentiation of neural stem cells, for example, Gfap, S100B, Oct4, Gdf3, Sox1, Pax6, and Ngn1.	Paraquat	83-85	SRY-box transcription factor 1	Homo sapiens	223-227
30698896-4	2019	RESULTS: A total of 53 genes were up-regulated and 61 genes were down-regulated in PQ treated HUCB-NSCs, including seven genes associated with the differentiation of neural stem cells, for example, Gfap, S100B, Oct4, Gdf3, Sox1, Pax6, and Ngn1.	Paraquat	83-85	paired box 6	Homo sapiens	229-233
30698896-4	2019	RESULTS: A total of 53 genes were up-regulated and 61 genes were down-regulated in PQ treated HUCB-NSCs, including seven genes associated with the differentiation of neural stem cells, for example, Gfap, S100B, Oct4, Gdf3, Sox1, Pax6, and Ngn1.	Paraquat	83-85	neurogenin 1	Homo sapiens	239-243
30698896-5	2019	PQ treatment significantly reduced the proliferation of HUVECs, inhibited cytokines secretion (VEGF, BFGF) and expressions of tight junction-associated protein (Claudin 1, Occludin, ZO-1), as well as induced significant apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Homo sapiens	95-99
30698896-5	2019	PQ treatment significantly reduced the proliferation of HUVECs, inhibited cytokines secretion (VEGF, BFGF) and expressions of tight junction-associated protein (Claudin 1, Occludin, ZO-1), as well as induced significant apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	fibroblast growth factor 2	Homo sapiens	101-105
30698896-5	2019	PQ treatment significantly reduced the proliferation of HUVECs, inhibited cytokines secretion (VEGF, BFGF) and expressions of tight junction-associated protein (Claudin 1, Occludin, ZO-1), as well as induced significant apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	claudin 1	Homo sapiens	161-170
30698896-5	2019	PQ treatment significantly reduced the proliferation of HUVECs, inhibited cytokines secretion (VEGF, BFGF) and expressions of tight junction-associated protein (Claudin 1, Occludin, ZO-1), as well as induced significant apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	occludin	Homo sapiens	172-180
30698896-5	2019	PQ treatment significantly reduced the proliferation of HUVECs, inhibited cytokines secretion (VEGF, BFGF) and expressions of tight junction-associated protein (Claudin 1, Occludin, ZO-1), as well as induced significant apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	tight junction protein 1	Homo sapiens	182-186
30734183-0	2019	High-Dose Paraquat Induces Human Bronchial 16HBE Cell Death and Aggravates Acute Lung Intoxication in Mice by Regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 Signal Pathway.	Paraquat	10-18	kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	121-126
30734183-0	2019	High-Dose Paraquat Induces Human Bronchial 16HBE Cell Death and Aggravates Acute Lung Intoxication in Mice by Regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 Signal Pathway.	Paraquat	10-18	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	127-130
30734183-3	2019	Of note, low-dose PQ (50 muM) induces cell autophagy, increases Nrf2 as well as p65 levels and has little impacts on Keap1, while high-dose PQ (500 muM) inhibits autophagy, upregulates Keap1 as well as downregulates p65 and Nrf2.	Paraquat	18-20	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	80-83
30734183-3	2019	Of note, low-dose PQ (50 muM) induces cell autophagy, increases Nrf2 as well as p65 levels and has little impacts on Keap1, while high-dose PQ (500 muM) inhibits autophagy, upregulates Keap1 as well as downregulates p65 and Nrf2.	Paraquat	18-20	kelch like ECH associated protein 1	Homo sapiens	185-190
30734183-0	2019	High-Dose Paraquat Induces Human Bronchial 16HBE Cell Death and Aggravates Acute Lung Intoxication in Mice by Regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 Signal Pathway.	Paraquat	10-18	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	131-135
30734183-3	2019	Of note, low-dose PQ (50 muM) induces cell autophagy, increases Nrf2 as well as p65 levels and has little impacts on Keap1, while high-dose PQ (500 muM) inhibits autophagy, upregulates Keap1 as well as downregulates p65 and Nrf2.	Paraquat	18-20	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	216-219
30734183-3	2019	Of note, low-dose PQ (50 muM) induces cell autophagy, increases Nrf2 as well as p65 levels and has little impacts on Keap1, while high-dose PQ (500 muM) inhibits autophagy, upregulates Keap1 as well as downregulates p65 and Nrf2.	Paraquat	18-20	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	224-228
30734183-3	2019	Of note, low-dose PQ (50 muM) induces cell autophagy, increases Nrf2 as well as p65 levels and has little impacts on Keap1, while high-dose PQ (500 muM) inhibits autophagy, upregulates Keap1 as well as downregulates p65 and Nrf2.	Paraquat	18-20	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	64-68
30734183-5	2019	Our further results showed that high-dose PQ"s effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, ROS levels and autophagy are reversed by p65 overexpression.	Paraquat	42-44	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	130-133
29355039-2	2019	In this way, FJ1 was shown to reverse the PQ-induced activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, the increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the release of cytochrome c.	Paraquat	42-44	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	67-76
30734183-6	2019	Besides, the protective effects of overexpressed p65 on high-dose PQ (500 muM) treated 16HBE cells are abrogated by synergistically knocking down Nrf2.	Paraquat	66-68	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	49-52
30734183-6	2019	Besides, the protective effects of overexpressed p65 on high-dose PQ (500 muM) treated 16HBE cells are abrogated by synergistically knocking down Nrf2.	Paraquat	66-68	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	146-150
30734183-7	2019	In vivo experiments also showed that high-dose PQ promotes inflammatory cytokines secretion, lung fibrosis and cell apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation in mice models by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway.	Paraquat	47-49	kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	184-189
30734183-7	2019	In vivo experiments also showed that high-dose PQ promotes inflammatory cytokines secretion, lung fibrosis and cell apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation in mice models by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway.	Paraquat	47-49	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	190-193
30734183-7	2019	In vivo experiments also showed that high-dose PQ promotes inflammatory cytokines secretion, lung fibrosis and cell apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation in mice models by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway.	Paraquat	47-49	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	194-198
30734183-8	2019	Therefore, we concluded that high-dose PQ (500 muM) inhibits 16HBE cell proliferation and autophagy, promotes cell death and mice lung fibrosis by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway.	Paraquat	39-41	kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1	Mus musculus	158-163
30734183-8	2019	Therefore, we concluded that high-dose PQ (500 muM) inhibits 16HBE cell proliferation and autophagy, promotes cell death and mice lung fibrosis by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway.	Paraquat	39-41	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	164-167
30734183-8	2019	Therefore, we concluded that high-dose PQ (500 muM) inhibits 16HBE cell proliferation and autophagy, promotes cell death and mice lung fibrosis by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway.	Paraquat	39-41	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	168-172
29355039-2	2019	In this way, FJ1 was shown to reverse the PQ-induced activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, the increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the release of cytochrome c.	Paraquat	42-44	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	81-90
29355039-2	2019	In this way, FJ1 was shown to reverse the PQ-induced activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, the increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the release of cytochrome c.	Paraquat	42-44	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	108-111
29355039-2	2019	In this way, FJ1 was shown to reverse the PQ-induced activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, the increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the release of cytochrome c.	Paraquat	42-44	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	112-117
29355039-2	2019	In this way, FJ1 was shown to reverse the PQ-induced activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, the increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and the release of cytochrome c.	Paraquat	42-44	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	144-156
29998398-10	2019	The cells were exposed to GAS (25 muM) for 4 h prior to the challenge with PQ at 100 muM for additional 24 h. The silencing of Nrf2 by siRNA or the inhibition of HO-1 by ZnPP IX suppressed the GAS-elicited cytoprotection.	Paraquat	75-77	latexin	Homo sapiens	85-88
30265375-0	2019	Hydrogen sulfide attenuates paraquat-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human alveolar epithelial cells through regulating transforming growth factor-beta1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	28-36	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	133-165
30265375-0	2019	Hydrogen sulfide attenuates paraquat-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human alveolar epithelial cells through regulating transforming growth factor-beta1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	28-36	SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens	166-171
30265375-2	2019	The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of exogenous NaHS on PQ-induced EMT in human alveolar epithelial cells (A549 cells) and assess if this effect occurs through regulating transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	75-77	SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens	229-234
30265375-6	2019	PQ significantly downregulated the expression levels of cystathionine beta-synthase and cystathionine gamma-lyase, but not 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase, in a time-dependent manner in A549 cells.	Paraquat	0-2	cystathionine beta-synthase	Homo sapiens	56-83
30265375-6	2019	PQ significantly downregulated the expression levels of cystathionine beta-synthase and cystathionine gamma-lyase, but not 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase, in a time-dependent manner in A549 cells.	Paraquat	0-2	cystathionine gamma-lyase	Homo sapiens	88-113
30265375-9	2019	In addition, exogenous NaHS could also significantly attenuates PQ-induced TGF-beta1, phosphorylated Smad2/3 proteins expression, which induced by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	64-66	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	75-84
30265375-9	2019	In addition, exogenous NaHS could also significantly attenuates PQ-induced TGF-beta1, phosphorylated Smad2/3 proteins expression, which induced by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	64-66	SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens	101-106
30265375-9	2019	In addition, exogenous NaHS could also significantly attenuates PQ-induced TGF-beta1, phosphorylated Smad2/3 proteins expression, which induced by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	147-149	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	75-84
30265375-9	2019	In addition, exogenous NaHS could also significantly attenuates PQ-induced TGF-beta1, phosphorylated Smad2/3 proteins expression, which induced by PQ in a time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	147-149	SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens	101-106
30265375-10	2019	This study provides the first evidence that exogenous NaHS attenuates PQ-induced EMT and migration of human alveolar epithelial cells through regulating the TGF-beta1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	70-72	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	157-166
30265375-10	2019	This study provides the first evidence that exogenous NaHS attenuates PQ-induced EMT and migration of human alveolar epithelial cells through regulating the TGF-beta1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	70-72	SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens	167-172
30798073-4	2019	Results showed that mice injected with paraquat and maneb displayed impairments of spatial learning and memory, which was associated with reduced tyrosine hydroxylase expression as well as increased neurodegeneration, synaptic loss, alpha-synuclein expression and Ser129-phosphorylation in the hippocampus.	Paraquat	39-47	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	233-248
30798073-8	2019	Finally, apocynin inhibited the activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) pathways, two key regulatory factors for microglial M1 inflammatory responses, in paraquat and maneb-treated mice.	Paraquat	228-236	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Mus musculus	46-98
30798073-8	2019	Finally, apocynin inhibited the activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) pathways, two key regulatory factors for microglial M1 inflammatory responses, in paraquat and maneb-treated mice.	Paraquat	228-236	signal transducer and activator of transcription 1	Mus musculus	100-105
30726711-8	2019	KEY FINDINGS: Results showed that paraquat induced lung injury characterized by enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation, upregulated RAGE, HMGB1 gene expression, PI3K/Akt and beta-catenin protein expression.	Paraquat	34-42	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Rattus norvegicus	136-140
30726711-8	2019	KEY FINDINGS: Results showed that paraquat induced lung injury characterized by enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation, upregulated RAGE, HMGB1 gene expression, PI3K/Akt and beta-catenin protein expression.	Paraquat	34-42	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	142-147
30726711-8	2019	KEY FINDINGS: Results showed that paraquat induced lung injury characterized by enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation, upregulated RAGE, HMGB1 gene expression, PI3K/Akt and beta-catenin protein expression.	Paraquat	34-42	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	170-173
30726711-8	2019	KEY FINDINGS: Results showed that paraquat induced lung injury characterized by enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation, upregulated RAGE, HMGB1 gene expression, PI3K/Akt and beta-catenin protein expression.	Paraquat	34-42	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	178-190
30726711-9	2019	Administration of febuxostat inhibited the deleterious effects of paraquat on lung through inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity and related oxidative stress, downregulation of RAGE/PI3K/Akt pathway, and suppression of beta-catenin protein expression and its downstream inflammatory mediators.	Paraquat	66-74	advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor	Rattus norvegicus	179-183
30726711-9	2019	Administration of febuxostat inhibited the deleterious effects of paraquat on lung through inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity and related oxidative stress, downregulation of RAGE/PI3K/Akt pathway, and suppression of beta-catenin protein expression and its downstream inflammatory mediators.	Paraquat	66-74	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	189-192
30726711-9	2019	Administration of febuxostat inhibited the deleterious effects of paraquat on lung through inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity and related oxidative stress, downregulation of RAGE/PI3K/Akt pathway, and suppression of beta-catenin protein expression and its downstream inflammatory mediators.	Paraquat	66-74	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	221-233
30783450-0	2019	Effects of paraquat on IL-6 and TNF-alpha in macrophages.	Paraquat	11-19	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	23-27
30783450-0	2019	Effects of paraquat on IL-6 and TNF-alpha in macrophages.	Paraquat	11-19	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	32-41
30783450-11	2019	PQ at a concentration of 1 mmol/l can produce toxicity to macrophages, and greatly increase the ROS fluorescence intensity, the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha.	Paraquat	0-2	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	149-153
30783450-11	2019	PQ at a concentration of 1 mmol/l can produce toxicity to macrophages, and greatly increase the ROS fluorescence intensity, the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha.	Paraquat	0-2	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	158-167
30783450-12	2019	PQ poisoning is expected to be treated though IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the future.	Paraquat	0-2	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	46-50
30783450-12	2019	PQ poisoning is expected to be treated though IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the future.	Paraquat	0-2	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	55-64
30502555-9	2019	PQ-exposed A549 reduced an accumulation of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), which works in degradation of damaged mitochondria, following the decrease of MMP, whereas PQ did not decline the PINK1 in BEAS.	Paraquat	0-2	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	43-64
30502555-9	2019	PQ-exposed A549 reduced an accumulation of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), which works in degradation of damaged mitochondria, following the decrease of MMP, whereas PQ did not decline the PINK1 in BEAS.	Paraquat	0-2	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	66-71
30744883-5	2019	The expression of both AVP and CRH mRNA in the hypothalamus as well as ir-AVP and ir-CRH increased in the PVN of PQ treated mice compared to control.	Paraquat	113-115	arginine vasopressin	Mus musculus	23-26
30746538-6	2019	PQ-induced DNA fragmentation in lymphocytes, reduction of oxidant scavenging capacity, expression of heme oxygenase 1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the lung, and elevation of serum transforming growth factor beta 1 were also inhibited.	Paraquat	0-2	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	101-153
30746538-6	2019	PQ-induced DNA fragmentation in lymphocytes, reduction of oxidant scavenging capacity, expression of heme oxygenase 1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the lung, and elevation of serum transforming growth factor beta 1 were also inhibited.	Paraquat	0-2	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	190-223
30759389-5	2019	Consistently, exposure to paraquat enhances Furin 1 levels in DA neurons and induces BMP signaling in glia.	Paraquat	26-34	bone morphogenetic protein 1	Homo sapiens	85-88
30584891-2	2019	Paraquat (PQ) evokes microglial inflammation by up-regulating expression of HSP60-TLR4-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88)-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in vitro.	Paraquat	10-12	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	153-162
30584891-9	2019	These results suggest that HSP60 and TLR4 can modulate intracellular signaling of PQ-induced inflammation.	Paraquat	82-84	heat shock protein 1 (chaperonin)	Mus musculus	27-32
30584891-9	2019	These results suggest that HSP60 and TLR4 can modulate intracellular signaling of PQ-induced inflammation.	Paraquat	82-84	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	37-41
30679998-0	2019	Nrf2 overexpression protects against paraquat-induced A549 cell injury primarily by upregulating P-glycoprotein and reducing intracellular paraquat accumulation.	Paraquat	37-45	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	0-4
30679998-0	2019	Nrf2 overexpression protects against paraquat-induced A549 cell injury primarily by upregulating P-glycoprotein and reducing intracellular paraquat accumulation.	Paraquat	37-45	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	97-111
30679998-0	2019	Nrf2 overexpression protects against paraquat-induced A549 cell injury primarily by upregulating P-glycoprotein and reducing intracellular paraquat accumulation.	Paraquat	139-147	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	0-4
30679998-3	2019	A previous study has demonstrated that the upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) prevents PQ toxicity in cell line and murine models.	Paraquat	119-121	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	59-102
30679998-3	2019	A previous study has demonstrated that the upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) prevents PQ toxicity in cell line and murine models.	Paraquat	119-121	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	104-108
30679998-4	2019	As Nrf2 target genes include a group of membrane transporters, the current study assessed the protective mechanism exerted by Nrf2 against PQ toxicity and intracellular PQ accumulation via its effects on P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a downstream transporter of Nrf2.	Paraquat	139-141	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	3-7
30679998-4	2019	As Nrf2 target genes include a group of membrane transporters, the current study assessed the protective mechanism exerted by Nrf2 against PQ toxicity and intracellular PQ accumulation via its effects on P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a downstream transporter of Nrf2.	Paraquat	139-141	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	126-130
30679998-4	2019	As Nrf2 target genes include a group of membrane transporters, the current study assessed the protective mechanism exerted by Nrf2 against PQ toxicity and intracellular PQ accumulation via its effects on P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a downstream transporter of Nrf2.	Paraquat	139-141	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	126-130
30679998-4	2019	As Nrf2 target genes include a group of membrane transporters, the current study assessed the protective mechanism exerted by Nrf2 against PQ toxicity and intracellular PQ accumulation via its effects on P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a downstream transporter of Nrf2.	Paraquat	169-171	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	3-7
30679998-10	2019	The results revealed that overexpressed Nrf2 significantly increased P-gp protein levels, decreased the intracellular accumulation of PQ and attenuated PQ-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	134-136	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	40-44
30679998-10	2019	The results revealed that overexpressed Nrf2 significantly increased P-gp protein levels, decreased the intracellular accumulation of PQ and attenuated PQ-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	152-154	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	40-44
30679998-11	2019	However, the protective effects of Nrf2 overexpression on PQ-challenged A549 cells were abrogated following cyclosporine A treatment, a competitive inhibitor of P-gp, which also increased intracellular PQ levels.	Paraquat	58-60	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	35-39
30679998-11	2019	However, the protective effects of Nrf2 overexpression on PQ-challenged A549 cells were abrogated following cyclosporine A treatment, a competitive inhibitor of P-gp, which also increased intracellular PQ levels.	Paraquat	58-60	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	161-165
30679998-11	2019	However, the protective effects of Nrf2 overexpression on PQ-challenged A549 cells were abrogated following cyclosporine A treatment, a competitive inhibitor of P-gp, which also increased intracellular PQ levels.	Paraquat	202-204	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	35-39
30679998-11	2019	However, the protective effects of Nrf2 overexpression on PQ-challenged A549 cells were abrogated following cyclosporine A treatment, a competitive inhibitor of P-gp, which also increased intracellular PQ levels.	Paraquat	202-204	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	161-165
30679998-12	2019	These data indicated that Nrf2 gene overexpression prevented PQ toxicity in A549 cells, potentially via the upregulation of P-gp activity and the inhibition of intracellular PQ accumulation.	Paraquat	61-63	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	26-30
30679998-12	2019	These data indicated that Nrf2 gene overexpression prevented PQ toxicity in A549 cells, potentially via the upregulation of P-gp activity and the inhibition of intracellular PQ accumulation.	Paraquat	61-63	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	124-128
30679998-12	2019	These data indicated that Nrf2 gene overexpression prevented PQ toxicity in A549 cells, potentially via the upregulation of P-gp activity and the inhibition of intracellular PQ accumulation.	Paraquat	174-176	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	26-30
30679998-13	2019	Thus, Nrf2 and P-gp may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PQ-induced injury.	Paraquat	84-86	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	6-10
30679998-13	2019	Thus, Nrf2 and P-gp may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PQ-induced injury.	Paraquat	84-86	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	15-19
30320949-7	2019	Moreover, PQ exposure significantly increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and early apoptotic rate, and decreased the glutathione (GSH) level, antioxidative CAT and GPx4 mRNA, and apoptotic-related Bcl-2/Bax mRNA ratio.	Paraquat	10-12	glutathione peroxidase 4	Bos taurus	191-195
30320949-7	2019	Moreover, PQ exposure significantly increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and early apoptotic rate, and decreased the glutathione (GSH) level, antioxidative CAT and GPx4 mRNA, and apoptotic-related Bcl-2/Bax mRNA ratio.	Paraquat	10-12	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Bos taurus	224-229
30320949-7	2019	Moreover, PQ exposure significantly increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and early apoptotic rate, and decreased the glutathione (GSH) level, antioxidative CAT and GPx4 mRNA, and apoptotic-related Bcl-2/Bax mRNA ratio.	Paraquat	10-12	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Bos taurus	230-233
30320949-10	2019	The mechanisms underlying the role of melatonin included the inhibition of PQ-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, and restoration of abnormal trimethyl-histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and trimethyl-histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3) levels.	Paraquat	75-77	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Bos taurus	86-89
31317820-7	2019	PQ induced significant changes in the antioxidant/oxidant status of D. melanogaster, including significant (1) increase in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation; (2) elevation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and marked up-regulation in mRNA expression of stress-related genes for CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin reductase and Keap-1.	Paraquat	0-2	Catalase	Drosophila melanogaster	240-248
31317820-7	2019	PQ induced significant changes in the antioxidant/oxidant status of D. melanogaster, including significant (1) increase in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation; (2) elevation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and marked up-regulation in mRNA expression of stress-related genes for CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin reductase and Keap-1.	Paraquat	0-2	Catalase	Drosophila melanogaster	250-253
31317820-7	2019	PQ induced significant changes in the antioxidant/oxidant status of D. melanogaster, including significant (1) increase in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation; (2) elevation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and marked up-regulation in mRNA expression of stress-related genes for CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin reductase and Keap-1.	Paraquat	0-2	Glutathione S transferase S1	Drosophila melanogaster	259-284
30502405-3	2019	Dietary ingestion of PQ for 3 days resulted in the loss of citrate synthase content, respiratory capacity impairment and exacerbated H2O2 production per mitochondrial unit related to complex I dysfunction, and high lactate accumulation in fly heads.	Paraquat	21-23	knockdown	Drosophila melanogaster	59-75
30502405-4	2019	PQ intoxication lead to 1) the loss of ELAV (embryonic lethal abnormal vision) and alpha-spectrin, essential proteins of neuronal viability and synaptic stability; 2) increased gamma-secretase activity, an enzyme related to APP release; and 3) increased the amyloid fibrils contents.	Paraquat	0-2	embryonic lethal abnormal vision	Drosophila melanogaster	39-43
30502405-4	2019	PQ intoxication lead to 1) the loss of ELAV (embryonic lethal abnormal vision) and alpha-spectrin, essential proteins of neuronal viability and synaptic stability; 2) increased gamma-secretase activity, an enzyme related to APP release; and 3) increased the amyloid fibrils contents.	Paraquat	0-2	embryonic lethal abnormal vision	Drosophila melanogaster	45-77
30502405-4	2019	PQ intoxication lead to 1) the loss of ELAV (embryonic lethal abnormal vision) and alpha-spectrin, essential proteins of neuronal viability and synaptic stability; 2) increased gamma-secretase activity, an enzyme related to APP release; and 3) increased the amyloid fibrils contents.	Paraquat	0-2	alpha Spectrin	Drosophila melanogaster	83-97
30744607-0	2019	Ligustrazin increases lung cell autophagy and ameliorates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR and hedgehog signalling via increasing miR-193a expression.	Paraquat	58-66	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	113-116
30744607-0	2019	Ligustrazin increases lung cell autophagy and ameliorates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR and hedgehog signalling via increasing miR-193a expression.	Paraquat	58-66	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	117-121
30744607-0	2019	Ligustrazin increases lung cell autophagy and ameliorates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR and hedgehog signalling via increasing miR-193a expression.	Paraquat	58-66	microRNA 193a	Homo sapiens	161-169
30744607-9	2019	RESULTS: Long-term PQ exposure blocked miR-193a expression, reduced PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling, increased oxidative stress, inhibited autophagy, increased Hh signalling, and facilitated the formation of pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	19-21	microRNA 193a	Homo sapiens	39-47
30744607-9	2019	RESULTS: Long-term PQ exposure blocked miR-193a expression, reduced PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling, increased oxidative stress, inhibited autophagy, increased Hh signalling, and facilitated the formation of pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	19-21	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	73-76
30744607-9	2019	RESULTS: Long-term PQ exposure blocked miR-193a expression, reduced PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling, increased oxidative stress, inhibited autophagy, increased Hh signalling, and facilitated the formation of pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	19-21	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	77-81
30744607-12	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Ligustrazin blocked PQ-induced PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Hh signalling by increasing miR-193a expression, thereby attenuating PQ-induced lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	33-35	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	49-52
30744607-12	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Ligustrazin blocked PQ-induced PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Hh signalling by increasing miR-193a expression, thereby attenuating PQ-induced lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	33-35	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	53-57
30744607-12	2019	CONCLUSIONS: Ligustrazin blocked PQ-induced PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Hh signalling by increasing miR-193a expression, thereby attenuating PQ-induced lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	33-35	microRNA 193a	Homo sapiens	90-98
30584891-0	2019	Inhibiting expression of HSP60 and TLR4 attenuates paraquat-induced microglial inflammation.	Paraquat	51-59	heat shock protein 1 (chaperonin)	Mus musculus	25-30
30584891-0	2019	Inhibiting expression of HSP60 and TLR4 attenuates paraquat-induced microglial inflammation.	Paraquat	51-59	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	35-39
30584891-2	2019	Paraquat (PQ) evokes microglial inflammation by up-regulating expression of HSP60-TLR4-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88)-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in vitro.	Paraquat	0-8	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	76-120
30584891-2	2019	Paraquat (PQ) evokes microglial inflammation by up-regulating expression of HSP60-TLR4-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88)-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in vitro.	Paraquat	0-8	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	122-127
30584891-2	2019	Paraquat (PQ) evokes microglial inflammation by up-regulating expression of HSP60-TLR4-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88)-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in vitro.	Paraquat	0-8	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	153-162
30584891-2	2019	Paraquat (PQ) evokes microglial inflammation by up-regulating expression of HSP60-TLR4-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88)-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in vitro.	Paraquat	10-12	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	76-120
30584891-2	2019	Paraquat (PQ) evokes microglial inflammation by up-regulating expression of HSP60-TLR4-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88)-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in vitro.	Paraquat	10-12	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	122-127
30112919-0	2019	Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfate protects myocardium against paraquat-induced toxicity through activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway in rats.	Paraquat	58-66	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	107-111
30112919-10	2019	The rats in PQ group exhibited significantly lower Bcl-2 expression, but notably higher Bax expression at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after PQ exposure ( p &lt; 0.05 or 0.01).	Paraquat	12-14	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	51-56
30112919-10	2019	The rats in PQ group exhibited significantly lower Bcl-2 expression, but notably higher Bax expression at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after PQ exposure ( p &lt; 0.05 or 0.01).	Paraquat	12-14	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	88-91
30112919-12	2019	The expression of phosphorylated Nrf2 and heme oxygenase 1 in PQ + STS group was significantly increased compared with PQ and control groups ( p &lt; 0.05 or 0.01).	Paraquat	62-64	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	33-37
30112919-12	2019	The expression of phosphorylated Nrf2 and heme oxygenase 1 in PQ + STS group was significantly increased compared with PQ and control groups ( p &lt; 0.05 or 0.01).	Paraquat	62-64	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	42-58
30644349-9	2019	Further, in mitochondria, PQ-induced decrease in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity and energy charge (MTT reduction), was restored with BM supplementation.	Paraquat	26-28	aminoadipate-semialdehyde synthase	Mus musculus	49-72
30644349-9	2019	Further, in mitochondria, PQ-induced decrease in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity and energy charge (MTT reduction), was restored with BM supplementation.	Paraquat	26-28	aminoadipate-semialdehyde synthase	Mus musculus	74-77
31317820-7	2019	PQ induced significant changes in the antioxidant/oxidant status of D. melanogaster, including significant (1) increase in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation; (2) elevation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and marked up-regulation in mRNA expression of stress-related genes for CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin reductase and Keap-1.	Paraquat	0-2	Glutathione S transferase S1	Drosophila melanogaster	286-289
31317820-7	2019	PQ induced significant changes in the antioxidant/oxidant status of D. melanogaster, including significant (1) increase in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation; (2) elevation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and marked up-regulation in mRNA expression of stress-related genes for CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin reductase and Keap-1.	Paraquat	0-2	Catalase	Drosophila melanogaster	363-366
31317820-7	2019	PQ induced significant changes in the antioxidant/oxidant status of D. melanogaster, including significant (1) increase in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation; (2) elevation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and marked up-regulation in mRNA expression of stress-related genes for CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin reductase and Keap-1.	Paraquat	0-2	Thioredoxin reductase-1	Drosophila melanogaster	396-417
31317820-7	2019	PQ induced significant changes in the antioxidant/oxidant status of D. melanogaster, including significant (1) increase in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation; (2) elevation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and marked up-regulation in mRNA expression of stress-related genes for CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), thioredoxin reductase and Keap-1.	Paraquat	0-2	Keap1	Drosophila melanogaster	422-428
30744883-5	2019	The expression of both AVP and CRH mRNA in the hypothalamus as well as ir-AVP and ir-CRH increased in the PVN of PQ treated mice compared to control.	Paraquat	113-115	corticotropin releasing hormone	Mus musculus	31-34
30744883-5	2019	The expression of both AVP and CRH mRNA in the hypothalamus as well as ir-AVP and ir-CRH increased in the PVN of PQ treated mice compared to control.	Paraquat	113-115	arginine vasopressin	Mus musculus	74-77
30744883-5	2019	The expression of both AVP and CRH mRNA in the hypothalamus as well as ir-AVP and ir-CRH increased in the PVN of PQ treated mice compared to control.	Paraquat	113-115	corticotropin releasing hormone	Mus musculus	85-88
30744883-6	2019	Immunoreactivity of nNOS and Hsp70 including NF-kappaB mRNA expression increased in the PVN of PQ treated mice.	Paraquat	95-97	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	20-24
30744883-6	2019	Immunoreactivity of nNOS and Hsp70 including NF-kappaB mRNA expression increased in the PVN of PQ treated mice.	Paraquat	95-97	heat shock protein 1B	Mus musculus	29-34
30744883-6	2019	Immunoreactivity of nNOS and Hsp70 including NF-kappaB mRNA expression increased in the PVN of PQ treated mice.	Paraquat	95-97	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	45-54
30744883-10	2019	It seems that stress induced reactive species (ROS, RNS) might be also responsible for the induced expression of NF-kappaB mRNA and Hsp70 protein which are considered as the reliable markers of certain types of stressors including PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	231-233	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	113-122
30744883-10	2019	It seems that stress induced reactive species (ROS, RNS) might be also responsible for the induced expression of NF-kappaB mRNA and Hsp70 protein which are considered as the reliable markers of certain types of stressors including PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	231-233	heat shock protein 1B	Mus musculus	132-137
30812071-0	2018	[The regulation of tight junction protein via PKCalpha/beta for abnormal permeability of brain microvascular endothelial cells exposed to paraquat].	Paraquat	138-146	protein kinase C, alpha	Mus musculus	46-59
30812071-16	2018	Compared with the PQ treatment group, the Go 6983 intervention group had significantly higher protein expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5 and significantly lower protein expression of p-PKCalpha and p-PKCbeta (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	18-20	protein kinase C, beta	Mus musculus	209-216
30812071-14	2018	The IF and qRT-PCR results showed that the protein and mRNA expression levels of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5 were significantly reduced with the increase in the concentration of PQ (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	180-182	tight junction protein 1	Mus musculus	81-85
30812071-14	2018	The IF and qRT-PCR results showed that the protein and mRNA expression levels of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5 were significantly reduced with the increase in the concentration of PQ (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	180-182	occludin	Mus musculus	87-95
30812071-14	2018	The IF and qRT-PCR results showed that the protein and mRNA expression levels of ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5 were significantly reduced with the increase in the concentration of PQ (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	180-182	claudin 5	Mus musculus	101-110
30280190-0	2018	Secretogranin III may be an indicator of paraquat-induced astrocyte activation and affects the recruitment of BDNF during this process.	Paraquat	41-49	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	0-17
30088170-9	2018	In vitro experiments showed that the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 secreted by human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells treated with PQ were attenuated by fasudil.	Paraquat	150-152	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	72-76
30088170-10	2018	Fasudil inhibited the upregulation Rho and ROCK protein expression and downregulation of ZO-1 protein expression in HPMVECs induced with PQ.	Paraquat	137-139	tight junction protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-93
30088170-9	2018	In vitro experiments showed that the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 secreted by human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells treated with PQ were attenuated by fasudil.	Paraquat	150-152	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	47-56
30088170-9	2018	In vitro experiments showed that the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 secreted by human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells treated with PQ were attenuated by fasudil.	Paraquat	150-152	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	58-66
30408630-10	2018	Importantly, PQ-induced immunotoxicity was also observed in a decrease of spleen weight, inhibition of T cell proliferation and T-cell secreting IL-2 from splenocytes.	Paraquat	13-15	interleukin 2	Mus musculus	145-149
30408630-11	2018	Further mechanism analysis found that PQ administration could decrease total splenocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT activity, and increased the levels of MDA and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha compared to control mice.	Paraquat	38-40	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	229-233
30408630-11	2018	Further mechanism analysis found that PQ administration could decrease total splenocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT activity, and increased the levels of MDA and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha compared to control mice.	Paraquat	38-40	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	238-247
30280190-3	2018	It has previously been demonstrated that secretogranin II, a member of the granin family, may be involved in the sorting and expression of inflammatory factors and excitatory neurotransmitters in paraquat (PQ)-induced astroglial activation.	Paraquat	196-204	secretogranin II	Homo sapiens	41-57
30280190-3	2018	It has previously been demonstrated that secretogranin II, a member of the granin family, may be involved in the sorting and expression of inflammatory factors and excitatory neurotransmitters in paraquat (PQ)-induced astroglial activation.	Paraquat	206-208	secretogranin II	Homo sapiens	41-57
30280190-5	2018	In the present study, a PQ-activated U118MG astrocytoma cell model established in our previous study was used to investigate the effects of SCG3.	Paraquat	24-26	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	140-144
30280190-6	2018	The results revealed that SCG3 was highly expressed and subsequently released from cells in response to PQ.	Paraquat	104-106	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	26-30
30280190-11	2018	In conclusion, SCG3 may be involved in PQ-induced astrocyte activation via regulation of the expression and selective recruitment of cellular factors, thus suggesting that SCG3 may represent an indicator of astrocyte activation.	Paraquat	39-41	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	15-19
30280190-11	2018	In conclusion, SCG3 may be involved in PQ-induced astrocyte activation via regulation of the expression and selective recruitment of cellular factors, thus suggesting that SCG3 may represent an indicator of astrocyte activation.	Paraquat	39-41	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	172-176
30296463-0	2018	Bacopa monnieri alleviates paraquat induced toxicity in Drosophila by inhibiting jnk mediated apoptosis through improved mitochondrial function and redox stabilization.	Paraquat	27-35	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	81-84
30321544-10	2018	It is noticeable that hUCMSCs and SOD2-overexpressed hUCMSCs effectively reduced PQ-induced lung injury in rats, and moreover, hUCMSCs overexpressed SOD2 were more effective compared with hUCMSCs only.	Paraquat	81-83	superoxide dismutase 2	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
30646639-0	2018	[The role of the AMPK-mTOR pathway in paraquat-induce autophagy in PC12 cells].	Paraquat	38-46	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	22-26
30144575-0	2018	Involvement of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in paraquat- induced apoptosis in human lung epithelial-like A549 cells.	Paraquat	50-58	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	15-20
30144575-5	2018	In this study, we investigated PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy activated in the process of the PQ-induced cell apoptosis by using human lung epithelial-like A549 cells.	Paraquat	95-97	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
30144575-7	2018	During this process, PQ induced PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy.	Paraquat	21-23	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	32-37
30144575-10	2018	These results indicated PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy played a protective role in PQ-induced A549 cell damage and provided a potential therapeutic strategy for enhancing mitophagy against PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	84-86	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
30144575-10	2018	These results indicated PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy played a protective role in PQ-induced A549 cell damage and provided a potential therapeutic strategy for enhancing mitophagy against PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	190-192	PTEN induced kinase 1	Homo sapiens	24-29
30205152-6	2018	PQ increased the levels of beta-CATENIN, non-phosphorylated (Ser33/37/Thr41) beta-CATENIN, and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3alpha/beta.	Paraquat	0-2	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	27-39
30205152-6	2018	PQ increased the levels of beta-CATENIN, non-phosphorylated (Ser33/37/Thr41) beta-CATENIN, and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3alpha/beta.	Paraquat	0-2	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	77-89
30205152-6	2018	PQ increased the levels of beta-CATENIN, non-phosphorylated (Ser33/37/Thr41) beta-CATENIN, and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3alpha/beta.	Paraquat	0-2	glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	110-147
30205152-7	2018	PQ also increased the nuclear translocation of beta-CATENIN, which can be attenuated by LKG974.	Paraquat	0-2	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	47-59
30205152-9	2018	Taken together, we have shown for the first time that LGK974 mediated through the WNT/beta-CATENIN pathway to prevent PQ-induced cell death.	Paraquat	118-120	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	86-98
30592955-18	2018	CONCLUSIONS: HMH protects kidney injury caused by PQ poisoning by correcting tricarboxylic acids cycle disturbance, lipid peroxidation and energy metabolism disturbance, and its mechanism is related to the regulation of HO-1 protein expression through Nrf2 pathway.	Paraquat	50-52	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	220-224
30646639-1	2018	Objective: To investigate the regulation of AMPK-mTOR signal transduction pathway in paraquat-induced autophagy of pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) .	Paraquat	85-93	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	49-53
30403199-0	2018	Protective Effect of Anthocyanin on Paraquat-Induced Apoptosis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Alveolar Type II Cells.	Paraquat	36-44	DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 7	Homo sapiens	21-32
30336147-0	2018	Atorvastatin attenuates paraquat poisoning-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via downregulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha.	Paraquat	24-32	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	104-136
30403199-3	2018	The role of An in PQ-induced toxicity is unclear, so we aimed to explore whether An could inhibit epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by PQ in alveolar cells.	Paraquat	149-151	DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 7	Homo sapiens	81-83
30403199-7	2018	RESULTS An reduced the PQ-induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.	Paraquat	23-25	DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 7	Homo sapiens	8-10
30403199-10	2018	Additionally, the level of PQ-induced E-cadherin was decreased by An while the expressions of vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), and collagens type I (col-I) were increased.	Paraquat	27-29	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	38-48
30403199-10	2018	Additionally, the level of PQ-induced E-cadherin was decreased by An while the expressions of vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), and collagens type I (col-I) were increased.	Paraquat	27-29	DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 7	Homo sapiens	66-68
30403199-10	2018	Additionally, the level of PQ-induced E-cadherin was decreased by An while the expressions of vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), and collagens type I (col-I) were increased.	Paraquat	27-29	vimentin	Homo sapiens	94-102
30076829-10	2018	Results demonstrated that the mutation of both hop-1 and pink-1 reduced the vulnerability of lethal, behavioral, and mitochondrial toxicity induced by RO/PQ.	Paraquat	154-156	Presenilin hop-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	47-52
30344661-13	2018	Compared with the control group, the expression of TGF-beta1 was increased in the PQ group.	Paraquat	82-84	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	51-60
30076829-10	2018	Results demonstrated that the mutation of both hop-1 and pink-1 reduced the vulnerability of lethal, behavioral, and mitochondrial toxicity induced by RO/PQ.	Paraquat	154-156	Serine/threonine-protein kinase pink-1, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	57-63
30344661-14	2018	The TGF-beta1 level in PQ + curcumin group rats reached the peak on the 3rd day, then decreased, and it was lower than those in PQ group.	Paraquat	23-25	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	4-13
30344661-15	2018	The level of ROS, ALT, AST, MDA of the rats in PQ + curcumin group reached the highest value on the 3rd day, while the level of SOD reached the lowest value; furthermore, the level of ROS, ALT, AST, MDA was lower than that in PQ group, while the level of SOD was higher than that of the PQ group.	Paraquat	47-51	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	194-197
30076829-11	2018	These findings suggest that presenilin and PINK1 play important roles in the RO/PQ-induced neurotoxicity through the mechanisms involved in mitochondria-associated membranes.	Paraquat	80-82	Serine/threonine-protein kinase pink-1, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	43-48
30344661-15	2018	The level of ROS, ALT, AST, MDA of the rats in PQ + curcumin group reached the highest value on the 3rd day, while the level of SOD reached the lowest value; furthermore, the level of ROS, ALT, AST, MDA was lower than that in PQ group, while the level of SOD was higher than that of the PQ group.	Paraquat	47-49	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	23-26
30344661-15	2018	The level of ROS, ALT, AST, MDA of the rats in PQ + curcumin group reached the highest value on the 3rd day, while the level of SOD reached the lowest value; furthermore, the level of ROS, ALT, AST, MDA was lower than that in PQ group, while the level of SOD was higher than that of the PQ group.	Paraquat	47-49	glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2	Rattus norvegicus	194-197
30171970-4	2018	Herein, we determine the extent to which Wnt/beta-catenin signaling involved in the inhibition effect of PQ on mouse NPCs from subventricular zone (SVZ).	Paraquat	105-107	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	45-57
30171970-8	2018	In addition, PQ reduced cellular beta-catenin, p-GSK-3beta, and cyclin-D1 and increased the radio of Bax/Bcl2.	Paraquat	13-15	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	33-45
30171970-8	2018	In addition, PQ reduced cellular beta-catenin, p-GSK-3beta, and cyclin-D1 and increased the radio of Bax/Bcl2.	Paraquat	13-15	cyclin D1	Mus musculus	64-73
30171970-8	2018	In addition, PQ reduced cellular beta-catenin, p-GSK-3beta, and cyclin-D1 and increased the radio of Bax/Bcl2.	Paraquat	13-15	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	101-104
30171970-8	2018	In addition, PQ reduced cellular beta-catenin, p-GSK-3beta, and cyclin-D1 and increased the radio of Bax/Bcl2.	Paraquat	13-15	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	105-109
30171970-10	2018	Antioxidant (NAC) treatment alleviated the inhibition of PQ-induced Wnt signaling pathway.	Paraquat	57-59	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 1A	Mus musculus	13-16
30171970-11	2018	Overall, our results suggest significant inhibitory effects of PQ on NPCs proliferation via the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.	Paraquat	63-65	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	100-112
30171970-12	2018	Interestingly, our results implied that activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway attenuated PQ-induced autophagic cell death.	Paraquat	100-102	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	58-70
30284226-8	2018	Our results showed that PQ has significantly increased brain LPO, DNA damage, and caspase-3 levels and further reduced TAC and TTM contents, as well as expression levels of Nestin and Neurod1, compared with the control group (injection of saline).	Paraquat	24-26	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	82-91
29441825-7	2018	In addition, PQ significantly enhanced the expressions of HSP60 and TLR4 proteins in BV2 cells, as well as NF-kappaB-p65, c-fos, and c-jun mRNA.	Paraquat	13-15	heat shock protein 1 (chaperonin)	Mus musculus	58-63
29441825-7	2018	In addition, PQ significantly enhanced the expressions of HSP60 and TLR4 proteins in BV2 cells, as well as NF-kappaB-p65, c-fos, and c-jun mRNA.	Paraquat	13-15	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	68-72
29441825-7	2018	In addition, PQ significantly enhanced the expressions of HSP60 and TLR4 proteins in BV2 cells, as well as NF-kappaB-p65, c-fos, and c-jun mRNA.	Paraquat	13-15	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	117-120
29441825-7	2018	In addition, PQ significantly enhanced the expressions of HSP60 and TLR4 proteins in BV2 cells, as well as NF-kappaB-p65, c-fos, and c-jun mRNA.	Paraquat	13-15	FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	122-127
29441825-7	2018	In addition, PQ significantly enhanced the expressions of HSP60 and TLR4 proteins in BV2 cells, as well as NF-kappaB-p65, c-fos, and c-jun mRNA.	Paraquat	13-15	jun proto-oncogene	Mus musculus	133-138
29441825-8	2018	These findings suggest that PQ can activate microglia and enhance the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a HSP60/TLR4 signaling, leading to the inflammatory response.	Paraquat	28-30	heat shock protein 1 (chaperonin)	Mus musculus	130-135
29441825-8	2018	These findings suggest that PQ can activate microglia and enhance the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a HSP60/TLR4 signaling, leading to the inflammatory response.	Paraquat	28-30	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	136-140
29441825-0	2018	Paraquat-induced inflammatory response of microglia through HSP60/TLR4 signaling.	Paraquat	0-8	heat shock protein 1 (chaperonin)	Mus musculus	60-65
29441825-0	2018	Paraquat-induced inflammatory response of microglia through HSP60/TLR4 signaling.	Paraquat	0-8	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	66-70
30284226-8	2018	Our results showed that PQ has significantly increased brain LPO, DNA damage, and caspase-3 levels and further reduced TAC and TTM contents, as well as expression levels of Nestin and Neurod1, compared with the control group (injection of saline).	Paraquat	24-26	neuronal differentiation 1	Rattus norvegicus	184-191
30284226-9	2018	CeNPs (15- and 30-mg/kg doses) in groups co-administered with PQ significantly ameliorated the LPO, DNA damage, and caspase-3 levels while increasing TAC and TTM contents as well as enhancing Nestin and Neurod1 mRNA expression levels in the brain samples (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	62-64	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	116-125
30284226-9	2018	CeNPs (15- and 30-mg/kg doses) in groups co-administered with PQ significantly ameliorated the LPO, DNA damage, and caspase-3 levels while increasing TAC and TTM contents as well as enhancing Nestin and Neurod1 mRNA expression levels in the brain samples (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	62-64	neuronal differentiation 1	Rattus norvegicus	203-210
29667128-0	2018	Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Protects and Prevents Paraquat-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration in Knockdown dj-1-beta Drosophila melanogaster.	Paraquat	49-57	DJ-1alpha	Drosophila melanogaster	118-127
30025709-0	2018	Procyanidin B2 protects rats from paraquat-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.	Paraquat	34-42	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	83-88
30025709-9	2018	The lung injury in the paraquat-induced models in NLRP3 gene silenced animals was compared with the same lung injury model treated with procyanidin B2.	Paraquat	23-31	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	50-55
30025709-13	2018	Procyanidin B2 significantly suppressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the lung tissue induced by paraquat in the rat model.	Paraquat	107-115	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
29855979-10	2018	In addition, paraquat injection caused marked increase in nitroso-oxidative stress markers with concomitant deficits in antioxidant enzymes activities (GSH and SOD) as well as induction of tumour necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the mid-brain which were attenuated by the pretreatment of mice with vinpocetine.	Paraquat	13-21	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	219-228
29667128-11	2018	Altogether, these results suggest that the transgenic TH > dj-1-beta-RNAi/+ flies treated with PQ serve as a suitable PD model for screening of potential therapeutic agents.	Paraquat	95-97	DJ-1alpha	Drosophila melanogaster	59-68
29852175-0	2018	Angptl2 deficiency attenuates paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury in mice by altering inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis through NF-kappaB pathway.	Paraquat	40-42	angiopoietin-like 2	Mus musculus	0-7
29913144-0	2018	Paraquat toxicity is attenuated by 4-phenylbutyrate-induced phosphorylation of ERK2 via PI3K in A549 cells.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	79-83
29913144-13	2018	These results suggest that 4PBA attenuated PQ cytotoxicity by ERK2 activation via PI3K.	Paraquat	43-45	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	62-66
30036685-0	2018	The KCa3.1 blocker TRAM-34 inhibits proliferation of fibroblasts in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	68-76	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4	Rattus norvegicus	4-10
30036685-7	2018	The results showed that KCa3.1 expression was elevated after PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	61-63	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4	Rattus norvegicus	24-30
30036685-8	2018	Blockade of KCa3.1 alleviated PQ-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis.	Paraquat	30-32	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4	Rattus norvegicus	12-18
29939281-6	2018	Furthermore, the mRNA level of Cs-mMnSOD was strongly upregulated (more than twofold increase) following exposure to low and high temperatures (4, 30 and 35 C), insecticides (chlorpyrifos and chlorantraniliprole), and chemical reagents (cumene hydroperoxide, paraquat, H2O2 and CdCl2), but slightly elevated (less than twofold increase) in response to 8 C, abamectin and CuSO4.	Paraquat	259-267	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	34-40
29939281-9	2018	Furthermore, E. coli cells overexpressing Cs-mMnSOD exhibited long-term resistance to the oxidative inducers cumene hydroperoxide and paraquat.	Paraquat	134-142	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	45-51
29852175-9	2018	PQ-induced fibrosis was also improved in Angptl2-/- mice by decreasing pulmonary transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 expressions.	Paraquat	0-2	angiopoietin-like 2	Mus musculus	41-48
29852175-9	2018	PQ-induced fibrosis was also improved in Angptl2-/- mice by decreasing pulmonary transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 expressions.	Paraquat	0-2	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	81-119
29852175-0	2018	Angptl2 deficiency attenuates paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury in mice by altering inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis through NF-kappaB pathway.	Paraquat	40-42	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	136-145
29852175-10	2018	In vitro, we found that Angptl2 knockdown-suppressed inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis was restored by increasing NF-kappaB activation in PQ-incubated A549 cells; however, the results above were significantly reversed by inactivating NF-kappaB using its inhibitor, Bay 11-7085 or LY2409881.	Paraquat	148-150	angiopoietin-like 2	Mus musculus	24-31
29852175-5	2018	The results indicated that abundant Angptl2 expression was observed in lung tissues of PQ-treated mice.	Paraquat	87-89	angiopoietin-like 2	Mus musculus	36-43
29852175-10	2018	In vitro, we found that Angptl2 knockdown-suppressed inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis was restored by increasing NF-kappaB activation in PQ-incubated A549 cells; however, the results above were significantly reversed by inactivating NF-kappaB using its inhibitor, Bay 11-7085 or LY2409881.	Paraquat	148-150	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	124-133
29852175-6	2018	Histological analysis revealed that PQ-induced histological changes were alleviated by Angptl2 knockout (Angptl2-/-).	Paraquat	36-38	angiopoietin-like 2	Mus musculus	87-94
29852175-11	2018	Therefore, Angptl2 could provide therapeutic effects on PQ-induced acute lung injury through inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis by regulating NF-kappaB pathway.	Paraquat	56-58	angiopoietin-like 2	Mus musculus	11-18
29852175-11	2018	Therefore, Angptl2 could provide therapeutic effects on PQ-induced acute lung injury through inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis by regulating NF-kappaB pathway.	Paraquat	56-58	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	162-171
29852175-6	2018	Histological analysis revealed that PQ-induced histological changes were alleviated by Angptl2 knockout (Angptl2-/-).	Paraquat	36-38	angiopoietin-like 2	Mus musculus	105-112
29852175-7	2018	Angptl2-/- in PQ-treated mice attenuated acute lung injury progression by reducing the number of total cells, total leukocytes, neutrophils and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and reducing inflammatory response through the inactivation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) pathway.	Paraquat	14-16	angiopoietin-like 2	Mus musculus	0-7
29852175-8	2018	Angptl2-/- reduced oxidative stress in PQ-treated mice, as evidenced by the enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum or lung tissue samples, which was accompanied with increased expressions of nuclear respiratory factor 2 (Nrf-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1).	Paraquat	39-41	angiopoietin-like 2	Mus musculus	0-7
30015919-0	2018	Tanshinone IIA attenuates paraquat-induced acute lung injury by modulating angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1-7) in rats.	Paraquat	26-34	angiotensin I converting enzyme 2	Rattus norvegicus	75-106
30015919-11	2018	In addition, PQ was revealed to significantly decrease ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) expression levels in lung tissues.	Paraquat	13-15	angiotensin I converting enzyme 2	Rattus norvegicus	55-59
30317802-0	2018	[Role of MAPK signaling pathway in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of type II alveolar epithelial cells induced by Paraquat].	Paraquat	117-125	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	9-13
29879444-6	2018	PQ-induced mtDNA damage was inversely proportional to the levels of OGG1 expression whereas stimulation of OGG1, in some cases, entirely abolished its cellular effects.	Paraquat	0-2	8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	68-72
29879444-7	2018	The PQ-mediated decline of mitochondrial membrane potential or nuclear condensation were prevented by the OGG1 activators.	Paraquat	4-6	8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase	Homo sapiens	106-110
30317802-1	2018	Objective: To investigate the roles of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) , extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and c-Jun N-tenninal kinases (JNK) of MAPK signaling pathway in Paraquat-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of type II alveolarepithelial cells.	Paraquat	200-208	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	166-169
29299822-11	2018	Collectively, these findings suggest that Nec-1 alleviated paraquat-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction through inhibition of necroptosis, an effect which was likely mediated via the RIP1-RIP3-MLKL signaling cascade.	Paraquat	59-67	receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1	Mus musculus	190-194
29299822-11	2018	Collectively, these findings suggest that Nec-1 alleviated paraquat-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction through inhibition of necroptosis, an effect which was likely mediated via the RIP1-RIP3-MLKL signaling cascade.	Paraquat	59-67	receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3	Mus musculus	195-199
29299822-11	2018	Collectively, these findings suggest that Nec-1 alleviated paraquat-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction through inhibition of necroptosis, an effect which was likely mediated via the RIP1-RIP3-MLKL signaling cascade.	Paraquat	59-67	mixed lineage kinase domain-like	Mus musculus	200-204
29996377-13	2018	The levels of IFN-gamma in the rat lung tissues were increased compared with those in the PQ model group (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	90-92	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	14-23
29723724-0	2018	High-dose acute exposure of paraquat induces injuries of swim bladder, gastrointestinal tract and liver via neutrophil-mediated ROS in zebrafish and their relevance for human health risk assessment.	Paraquat	28-36	endothelin receptor Ba	Danio rerio	128-131
29723724-5	2018	In addition, PQ enhanced leukocyte recruitment (neutrophil migrated first, followed by macrophage) into swim bladder and induced ROS which can be scavenged by glutathione.	Paraquat	13-15	endothelin receptor Ba	Danio rerio	129-132
29723724-6	2018	Moreover, qRT-PCR results showed that PQ increased the expression level of genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as L-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, IFN-1, TGF-beta, and NF-kB.	Paraquat	38-40	interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2)	Danio rerio	137-141
29723724-6	2018	Moreover, qRT-PCR results showed that PQ increased the expression level of genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as L-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, IFN-1, TGF-beta, and NF-kB.	Paraquat	38-40	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8a	Danio rerio	143-147
29723724-6	2018	Moreover, qRT-PCR results showed that PQ increased the expression level of genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as L-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, IFN-1, TGF-beta, and NF-kB.	Paraquat	38-40	tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2)	Danio rerio	149-158
29723724-6	2018	Moreover, qRT-PCR results showed that PQ increased the expression level of genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as L-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, IFN-1, TGF-beta, and NF-kB.	Paraquat	38-40	tumor necrosis factor b (TNF superfamily, member 2)	Danio rerio	160-168
29723724-6	2018	Moreover, qRT-PCR results showed that PQ increased the expression level of genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as L-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, IFN-1, TGF-beta, and NF-kB.	Paraquat	38-40	interferon phi 1	Danio rerio	170-175
29723724-7	2018	For the first time, our results demonstrated that acute exposure of PQ induced pulmonary toxicity which was followed by gastrointestinal and hepatic toxicity via neutrophil-mediated ROS in zebrafish.	Paraquat	68-70	endothelin receptor Ba	Danio rerio	182-185
30036983-7	2018	DAF-16 is essential for the reduction of thermally induced ROS accumulation, while the resistance against paraquat-induced oxidative stress is dependent on SIR-2.1.	Paraquat	106-114	Deacetylase sirtuin-type domain-containing protein;NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sir-2.1	Caenorhabditis elegans	156-163
29896267-0	2018	Lung injury caused by paraquat poisoning results in increased interleukin-6 and decreased microRNA-146a levels.	Paraquat	22-30	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	62-75
29896267-8	2018	In addition, miR-146a expression in patients with paraquat poisoning-induced lung injury was significantly reduced in comparison with that in healthy subjects.	Paraquat	50-58	microRNA 146a	Homo sapiens	13-21
29896267-11	2018	Therefore, the present study demonstrated that increased expression of IL-6 in patients with lung injury caused by paraquat poisoning is associated with decreased expression of miR-146a.	Paraquat	115-123	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	71-75
29896267-11	2018	Therefore, the present study demonstrated that increased expression of IL-6 in patients with lung injury caused by paraquat poisoning is associated with decreased expression of miR-146a.	Paraquat	115-123	microRNA 146a	Homo sapiens	177-185
29709426-3	2018	However, the regulatory mechanisms and the role of STIM1 in paraquat (PQ)-induced acute lung intoxication remain elusive.	Paraquat	60-68	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	51-56
29709426-5	2018	Our data demonstrated that PQ (500 muM, 24 h) induced intracellular ROS production and enhanced store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) activity which is correlated to STIM1 activation.	Paraquat	27-29	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	164-169
29709426-7	2018	While knock-outing STIM1 by CRISPR-CAS9 in 16HBE or inhibiting STIM1 mediated SOCE activation ameliorated cell death caused by acute PQ treatment, which also leaded to alleviating the cell accumulation in S phase through the modulation the expression of cyclinD1, p21, cyclinA2 and CDK2.	Paraquat	133-135	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	19-24
29709426-7	2018	While knock-outing STIM1 by CRISPR-CAS9 in 16HBE or inhibiting STIM1 mediated SOCE activation ameliorated cell death caused by acute PQ treatment, which also leaded to alleviating the cell accumulation in S phase through the modulation the expression of cyclinD1, p21, cyclinA2 and CDK2.	Paraquat	133-135	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	63-68
29709426-7	2018	While knock-outing STIM1 by CRISPR-CAS9 in 16HBE or inhibiting STIM1 mediated SOCE activation ameliorated cell death caused by acute PQ treatment, which also leaded to alleviating the cell accumulation in S phase through the modulation the expression of cyclinD1, p21, cyclinA2 and CDK2.	Paraquat	133-135	cyclin D1	Homo sapiens	254-262
29709426-7	2018	While knock-outing STIM1 by CRISPR-CAS9 in 16HBE or inhibiting STIM1 mediated SOCE activation ameliorated cell death caused by acute PQ treatment, which also leaded to alleviating the cell accumulation in S phase through the modulation the expression of cyclinD1, p21, cyclinA2 and CDK2.	Paraquat	133-135	H3 histone pseudogene 16	Homo sapiens	264-267
29709426-7	2018	While knock-outing STIM1 by CRISPR-CAS9 in 16HBE or inhibiting STIM1 mediated SOCE activation ameliorated cell death caused by acute PQ treatment, which also leaded to alleviating the cell accumulation in S phase through the modulation the expression of cyclinD1, p21, cyclinA2 and CDK2.	Paraquat	133-135	cyclin A2	Homo sapiens	269-277
29709426-7	2018	While knock-outing STIM1 by CRISPR-CAS9 in 16HBE or inhibiting STIM1 mediated SOCE activation ameliorated cell death caused by acute PQ treatment, which also leaded to alleviating the cell accumulation in S phase through the modulation the expression of cyclinD1, p21, cyclinA2 and CDK2.	Paraquat	133-135	cyclin dependent kinase 2	Homo sapiens	282-286
29709426-8	2018	In conclusion, STIM1 plays an important role in PQ induced cell cycle arrest and cell death in acute lung injury, which may provide us a new potential opportunity to target paraquat induced intoxication.	Paraquat	48-50	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	15-20
29709426-8	2018	In conclusion, STIM1 plays an important role in PQ induced cell cycle arrest and cell death in acute lung injury, which may provide us a new potential opportunity to target paraquat induced intoxication.	Paraquat	173-181	stromal interaction molecule 1	Homo sapiens	15-20
30248777-8	2018	Conclusion: Apoptosis and TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B and Caspase-3 play an important role in lung injury of paraquat-induced rats.	Paraquat	103-111	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	26-35
30248777-8	2018	Conclusion: Apoptosis and TNF-alpha, NF-kappa B and Caspase-3 play an important role in lung injury of paraquat-induced rats.	Paraquat	103-111	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	52-61
29864937-10	2018	A549 cells were incubated with PQ plus FGF21 or PFD for 48 h. The results showed that FGF21 and PFD reduced the expression of TGF-beta, Col I and alpha-SMA and increased the expression of E-cadherin in PQ-treated A549 cells.	Paraquat	31-33	fibroblast growth factor 21	Mus musculus	86-91
29864937-10	2018	A549 cells were incubated with PQ plus FGF21 or PFD for 48 h. The results showed that FGF21 and PFD reduced the expression of TGF-beta, Col I and alpha-SMA and increased the expression of E-cadherin in PQ-treated A549 cells.	Paraquat	31-33	cadherin 1	Mus musculus	188-198
29864937-11	2018	FGF21 also suppressed oxidative stress in PQ-treated A549 cells, as evidenced by a decrease of the MDA level, a reversed activity of antioxidant enzymes and an increased expression of Nrf-2.	Paraquat	42-44	fibroblast growth factor 21	Mus musculus	0-5
29864937-11	2018	FGF21 also suppressed oxidative stress in PQ-treated A549 cells, as evidenced by a decrease of the MDA level, a reversed activity of antioxidant enzymes and an increased expression of Nrf-2.	Paraquat	42-44	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	184-189
29627306-0	2018	Paraquat and MPTP induce alteration in the expression profile of long noncoding RNAs in the substantia nigra of mice: Role of the transcription factor Nrf2.	Paraquat	0-8	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	151-155
29627306-5	2018	We aimed to discover novel PQ or 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-Nrf2-related lncRNAs and explore their association with PD.	Paraquat	27-29	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	85-89
29627306-11	2018	PQ caused lncRNA expression profiling alteration in the substantia nigra (SN) through an interaction with Nrf2, thus changing the NR_027648/Zc3h14/Cybb and NR_030777/Zfp326/Cpne5 mRNA pathways.	Paraquat	0-2	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	106-110
29627306-11	2018	PQ caused lncRNA expression profiling alteration in the substantia nigra (SN) through an interaction with Nrf2, thus changing the NR_027648/Zc3h14/Cybb and NR_030777/Zfp326/Cpne5 mRNA pathways.	Paraquat	0-2	zinc finger CCCH type containing 14	Mus musculus	140-146
29627306-11	2018	PQ caused lncRNA expression profiling alteration in the substantia nigra (SN) through an interaction with Nrf2, thus changing the NR_027648/Zc3h14/Cybb and NR_030777/Zfp326/Cpne5 mRNA pathways.	Paraquat	0-2	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	147-151
29627306-11	2018	PQ caused lncRNA expression profiling alteration in the substantia nigra (SN) through an interaction with Nrf2, thus changing the NR_027648/Zc3h14/Cybb and NR_030777/Zfp326/Cpne5 mRNA pathways.	Paraquat	0-2	zinc finger protein 326	Mus musculus	166-172
29627306-11	2018	PQ caused lncRNA expression profiling alteration in the substantia nigra (SN) through an interaction with Nrf2, thus changing the NR_027648/Zc3h14/Cybb and NR_030777/Zfp326/Cpne5 mRNA pathways.	Paraquat	0-2	copine V	Mus musculus	173-178
29627306-13	2018	Nrf2 may be involved in the development of neurodegeneration induced by PQ and MPTP via interaction with lncRNAs as the molecular mechanism.	Paraquat	72-74	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	0-4
30907109-0	2018	Erratum: The Plasma Concentration of MUC5B Is Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Paraquat-poisoned Patients.	Paraquat	83-91	mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	37-42
29315562-0	2018	HFE Genotype Restricts the Response to Paraquat in a Mouse Model of Neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	39-47	homeostatic iron regulator	Mus musculus	0-3
29315562-9	2018	At baseline, there were differences between the H67D HFE mice and WT mice in gut microbiome profile and increased L-ferritin staining in the substantia nigra that could account for the resistance to paraquat.	Paraquat	199-207	homeostatic iron regulator	Mus musculus	53-56
29315562-11	2018	Our results clearly demonstrate that the HFE genotype impacts the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra, the gut microbiome and the response to paraquat providing additional support that the HFE genotype is a disease modifier for Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	165-173	homeostatic iron regulator	Mus musculus	41-44
29315562-11	2018	Our results clearly demonstrate that the HFE genotype impacts the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra, the gut microbiome and the response to paraquat providing additional support that the HFE genotype is a disease modifier for Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	165-173	homeostatic iron regulator	Mus musculus	212-215
29315562-12	2018	Moreover, the finding that the HFE mutant mice are resistant to paraquat may provide a model in which to study resistant mechanisms to neurotoxicants.	Paraquat	64-72	homeostatic iron regulator	Mus musculus	31-34
29293144-0	2018	Treatment of Paraquat-Induced Lung Injury With an Anti-C5a Antibody: Potential Clinical Application.	Paraquat	13-21	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	55-58
29293144-1	2018	OBJECTIVES: Complement activation product C5a plays a critical role in systemic inflammatory response syndrome induced by viruses, bacteria, and toxic agents including paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	168-176	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	42-45
29293144-2	2018	This study is to explore the efficiency of anti-C5a-based intervention on systemic inflammatory responses induced by paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	117-125	complement C5a receptor 1	Homo sapiens	48-51
29525441-4	2018	The activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) decreased after PQ treatment in a dose-dependent manner, while the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glyoxalase (Gly I and Gly II) decreased only with high doses of PQ (125 and 250 muM).	Paraquat	80-82	catalase-3-like	Brassica napus	49-57
29525441-4	2018	The activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) decreased after PQ treatment in a dose-dependent manner, while the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glyoxalase (Gly I and Gly II) decreased only with high doses of PQ (125 and 250 muM).	Paraquat	80-82	catalase-3-like	Brassica napus	59-62
29525441-5	2018	By contrast, the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) increased after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	152-154	putative glutathione peroxidase 7, chloroplastic	Brassica napus	107-129
29525441-5	2018	By contrast, the activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) increased after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	152-154	putative glutathione peroxidase 7, chloroplastic	Brassica napus	131-134
29525441-7	2018	Compared to PQ alone, PQ supplemented with exogenous NO reduced LOX activity, the AsA-GSH pool, and the activities of APX, DHAR, GR, GPX, Gly I and Gly II.	Paraquat	22-24	putative glutathione peroxidase 7, chloroplastic	Brassica napus	133-136
29467842-0	2018	Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by activating lysyl oxidase.	Paraquat	82-90	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-31
29686592-8	2018	The decreased cholesterol level and ApoE expression were observed in PQ-treated astrocytes and so were the decreased levels of glutamates and ATP in PQ-treated astrocytes.	Paraquat	69-71	apolipoprotein E	Homo sapiens	36-40
28978491-7	2018	Moreover, inhibition of Src or Erk impaired Nox2 activation in response to paraquat and maneb co-exposure.	Paraquat	75-83	Rous sarcoma oncogene	Mus musculus	24-27
28978491-7	2018	Moreover, inhibition of Src or Erk impaired Nox2 activation in response to paraquat and maneb co-exposure.	Paraquat	75-83	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	31-34
28978491-7	2018	Moreover, inhibition of Src or Erk impaired Nox2 activation in response to paraquat and maneb co-exposure.	Paraquat	75-83	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	44-48
28978491-8	2018	Finally, we found that CR3-deficient mice were more resistant to paraquat and maneb-induced Nox2 activation and nigral dopaminergic neurodegeneration as well as motor dysfunction than the wild type controls.	Paraquat	65-73	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	23-26
29544565-7	2018	When NPP50, NPP50-NH2, NPP50-COOH, or Pd-NPP50 was co-administered with PQ, serum levels of ALT and AST increased in the NPP50 group but did not increase in the NPP50-NH2, NPP50-COOH, or Pd-NPP50 groups.	Paraquat	72-74	glutamic pyruvic transaminase, soluble	Mus musculus	92-95
29599839-0	2018	Rapamycin protects against paraquat-induced pulmonary epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.	Paraquat	27-35	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	100-112
29599839-5	2018	Treatment with PQ significantly increased Wnt1, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)5, LRP6 and beta-catenin expression levels in A549 cells, while rapamycin significantly inhibited these effects of PQ.	Paraquat	15-17	Wnt family member 1	Homo sapiens	42-46
29599839-5	2018	Treatment with PQ significantly increased Wnt1, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)5, LRP6 and beta-catenin expression levels in A549 cells, while rapamycin significantly inhibited these effects of PQ.	Paraquat	15-17	LDL receptor related protein 5	Homo sapiens	98-103
29599839-5	2018	Treatment with PQ significantly increased Wnt1, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)5, LRP6 and beta-catenin expression levels in A549 cells, while rapamycin significantly inhibited these effects of PQ.	Paraquat	15-17	LDL receptor related protein 6	Homo sapiens	105-109
29599839-5	2018	Treatment with PQ significantly increased Wnt1, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)5, LRP6 and beta-catenin expression levels in A549 cells, while rapamycin significantly inhibited these effects of PQ.	Paraquat	15-17	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	114-126
29599839-7	2018	In conclusion, rapamycin protects against PQ-induced pulmonary EMT via the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.	Paraquat	42-44	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	79-91
29411263-0	2018	Naringenin Exerts Anti-inflammatory Effects in Paraquat-Treated SH-SY5Y Cells Through a Mechanism Associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis.	Paraquat	47-55	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	118-122
29411263-0	2018	Naringenin Exerts Anti-inflammatory Effects in Paraquat-Treated SH-SY5Y Cells Through a Mechanism Associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis.	Paraquat	47-55	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	123-127
29411263-6	2018	We found that a pretreatment with NGN at 80 microM for 2 h decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in PQ-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	186-188	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	110-127
29411263-6	2018	We found that a pretreatment with NGN at 80 microM for 2 h decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in PQ-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	186-188	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	129-137
29411263-6	2018	We found that a pretreatment with NGN at 80 microM for 2 h decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in PQ-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	186-188	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	143-170
29411263-6	2018	We found that a pretreatment with NGN at 80 microM for 2 h decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in PQ-treated SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	186-188	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	172-181
29411263-7	2018	The production of nitric oxide (NO ) and levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were downregulated by NGN in the cells exposed to PQ.	Paraquat	187-189	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	51-67
29411263-10	2018	Therefore, NGN induced anti-inflammatory effects in PQ-treated SH-SY5Y cells by a mechanism associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	52-54	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	112-116
29411263-10	2018	Therefore, NGN induced anti-inflammatory effects in PQ-treated SH-SY5Y cells by a mechanism associated with the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	52-54	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	117-121
28978491-3	2018	Here, we revealed the critical role of complement receptor 3 (CR3), a microglia-specific pattern recognition receptor, in Nox2 activation and subsequent dopaminergic neurodegeneration by using paraquat and maneb-induced PD model.	Paraquat	193-201	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	39-60
28978491-3	2018	Here, we revealed the critical role of complement receptor 3 (CR3), a microglia-specific pattern recognition receptor, in Nox2 activation and subsequent dopaminergic neurodegeneration by using paraquat and maneb-induced PD model.	Paraquat	193-201	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	62-65
28978491-3	2018	Here, we revealed the critical role of complement receptor 3 (CR3), a microglia-specific pattern recognition receptor, in Nox2 activation and subsequent dopaminergic neurodegeneration by using paraquat and maneb-induced PD model.	Paraquat	193-201	cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	122-126
28978491-4	2018	Suppression or genetic deletion of CR3 impeded paraquat and maneb-induced activation of microglial Nox2, which was associated with attenuation of dopaminergic neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	47-55	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	35-38
28978491-5	2018	Mechanistic inquiry revealed that blocking CR3 reduced paraquat and maneb-induced membrane translocation of Nox2 cytosolic subunit p47phox, an essential step for Nox2 activation.	Paraquat	55-63	integrin alpha M	Mus musculus	43-46
29566055-4	2018	The aim of this study was to systematically review and analyze published preclinical studies describing MSC administration for the treatment of PQ poisoning in animal models to provide a basis for cell therapy.	Paraquat	144-146	musculin	Homo sapiens	104-107
29566055-6	2018	The MSC treatment characteristics of animal models of PQ poisoning were summarized.	Paraquat	54-56	musculin	Homo sapiens	4-7
29566055-15	2018	Our review indicates a potential therapeutic role for MSC therapy to treat PQ poisoning and serves to augment the rationale for clinical studies.	Paraquat	75-77	musculin	Homo sapiens	54-57
29568483-0	2018	Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells attenuated paraquat-induced acute lung injury via miR-141-3p-Notch-Nrf2 axis.	Paraquat	59-67	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	115-119
29568483-12	2018	Both miR-141-3p over-expression and si-Notch-1 abolished the protection effect of EPCs on lung injury induced by PQ in vivo.	Paraquat	113-115	notch 1	Mus musculus	39-46
29568483-13	2018	Conclusions: Endothelial progenitor cells could provide therapeutic effect on PQ-induced ALI via miR-141-3p-Notch-Nrf2 Axis.	Paraquat	78-80	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	114-118
29454966-0	2018	Effects of PQ"s cytotoxicity on secretory vesicles in astroglia: Expression alternation of secretogranin II and its potential interaction with intracellular factors.	Paraquat	11-13	secretogranin II	Homo sapiens	91-107
29454966-4	2018	Since the granin family is considered as a master regulator of cargo sorting and large dense core vesicles (LDCVs) biogenesis in the regulated secretory pathway of nervous and neuroendocrine cells, the current study focused on one member, secretogranin II (SCG2) and investigated its alternation and potential relationship with other astrocyte-derived factors under PQ insult.	Paraquat	366-368	secretogranin II	Homo sapiens	239-255
29454966-5	2018	We found that PQ upregulated SCG2 expression on both RNA and protein levels and stimulated the mRNA expression of neurotrophic factors, cytokines and glutamine synthetase (GS) simultaneously.	Paraquat	14-16	secretogranin II	Homo sapiens	29-33
29454966-5	2018	We found that PQ upregulated SCG2 expression on both RNA and protein levels and stimulated the mRNA expression of neurotrophic factors, cytokines and glutamine synthetase (GS) simultaneously.	Paraquat	14-16	glutamate-ammonia ligase	Homo sapiens	150-170
29454966-9	2018	The involvement of the IL-6 and GS suggests that the SCG2 may potentially regulate inflammatory factors and excitatory neurotransmitter to the cytotoxicity of PQ on astroglia.	Paraquat	159-161	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	23-27
29454966-9	2018	The involvement of the IL-6 and GS suggests that the SCG2 may potentially regulate inflammatory factors and excitatory neurotransmitter to the cytotoxicity of PQ on astroglia.	Paraquat	159-161	secretogranin II	Homo sapiens	53-57
29287252-0	2018	Paraquat treatment modulates integrin associated protein (CD47) and basigin (CD147) expression and mitochondrial potential on erythroid cells in mice.	Paraquat	0-8	CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer)	Mus musculus	29-56
29287252-0	2018	Paraquat treatment modulates integrin associated protein (CD47) and basigin (CD147) expression and mitochondrial potential on erythroid cells in mice.	Paraquat	0-8	CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer)	Mus musculus	58-62
29287252-0	2018	Paraquat treatment modulates integrin associated protein (CD47) and basigin (CD147) expression and mitochondrial potential on erythroid cells in mice.	Paraquat	0-8	basigin	Mus musculus	68-75
29287252-0	2018	Paraquat treatment modulates integrin associated protein (CD47) and basigin (CD147) expression and mitochondrial potential on erythroid cells in mice.	Paraquat	0-8	basigin	Mus musculus	77-82
29287252-4	2018	A marked induction of CD147 expression in BM and spleen erythroid cells was observed in the paraquat treated mice.	Paraquat	92-100	basigin	Mus musculus	22-27
29287252-5	2018	Paraquat treatment also modulated the CD47 expression in erythroid cells and its expression level was significantly higher on day 14, 21 and 28 in bone marrow and on day 14 and 21 in spleen.	Paraquat	0-8	CD47 antigen (Rh-related antigen, integrin-associated signal transducer)	Mus musculus	38-42
29467842-3	2018	In addition, hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and lysyl oxidase (LOX) promote EMT following PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	104-106	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	13-44
29467842-3	2018	In addition, hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and lysyl oxidase (LOX) promote EMT following PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	104-106	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	46-56
29467842-3	2018	In addition, hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and lysyl oxidase (LOX) promote EMT following PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	104-106	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	62-75
29467842-3	2018	In addition, hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and lysyl oxidase (LOX) promote EMT following PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	104-106	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	77-80
29467842-5	2018	The present study investigated the association between HIF-1alpha and LOX with regard to PQ-induced EMT.	Paraquat	89-91	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	55-65
29467842-5	2018	The present study investigated the association between HIF-1alpha and LOX with regard to PQ-induced EMT.	Paraquat	89-91	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	70-73
29467842-8	2018	HIF-1alpha and LOX were associated with PQ-induced EMT, and their expression levels were significantly increased (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	40-42	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
29467842-8	2018	HIF-1alpha and LOX were associated with PQ-induced EMT, and their expression levels were significantly increased (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	40-42	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
29467842-9	2018	LOX expression was significantly decreased following PQ poisoning when HIF-1alpha expression was inhibited (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	53-55	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
29467842-9	2018	LOX expression was significantly decreased following PQ poisoning when HIF-1alpha expression was inhibited (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	53-55	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	71-81
29467842-13	2018	HIF-1alpha may regulate PQ-induced EMT through the LOX/beta-catenin pathway.	Paraquat	24-26	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
29467842-13	2018	HIF-1alpha may regulate PQ-induced EMT through the LOX/beta-catenin pathway.	Paraquat	24-26	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	51-54
29467842-0	2018	Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by activating lysyl oxidase.	Paraquat	82-90	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	132-145
29467842-13	2018	HIF-1alpha may regulate PQ-induced EMT through the LOX/beta-catenin pathway.	Paraquat	24-26	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-67
29195901-0	2018	Triptolide suppresses paraquat induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TGFB1-dependent epithelial mesenchymal transition.	Paraquat	22-30	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	83-88
29195901-8	2018	In summary, this study revealed the potential therapeutic effect of paraquat induced TPL in lung fibrosis by regulating TGFbeta-dependent EMT progression.	Paraquat	68-76	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	120-127
29461613-5	2018	Phenotypically, PQ induced-EMT was characterized by loss of epithelial cell markers including E-cadherin, while upregulation of mesenchymal cell markers including vimentin, was concurrent with the activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.	Paraquat	16-18	cadherin 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-104
29519279-8	2018	After PQ poisoning, the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-10 and TGF-beta1 were elevated, and reached the peak at 3 days and then decreased gradually.	Paraquat	6-8	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	34-43
29519279-8	2018	After PQ poisoning, the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-10 and TGF-beta1 were elevated, and reached the peak at 3 days and then decreased gradually.	Paraquat	6-8	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	45-50
29519279-8	2018	After PQ poisoning, the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-10 and TGF-beta1 were elevated, and reached the peak at 3 days and then decreased gradually.	Paraquat	6-8	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	55-64
29305896-5	2018	The growth of yeast lacking SOD1 was also the most sensitive to paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	64-72	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	28-32
29461613-5	2018	Phenotypically, PQ induced-EMT was characterized by loss of epithelial cell markers including E-cadherin, while upregulation of mesenchymal cell markers including vimentin, was concurrent with the activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.	Paraquat	16-18	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	215-227
29461613-6	2018	Furthermore, knockdown of beta-catenin by using specific siRNA could reverse PQ triggered EMT process and attenuated cell migration ability.	Paraquat	77-79	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	26-38
28940034-12	2018	Chymostatin reversed the inflammatory effects of paraquat-induced lung injury by inhibiting cathepsin G activity to up-regulate endocan expression and indirectly inhibit NF-kappaBp65 activity.	Paraquat	49-57	cathepsin G	Mus musculus	92-103
29054699-0	2018	Silymarin attenuated paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in macrophage by regulating Trx/TXNIP complex, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis.	Paraquat	21-29	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	79-82
29405044-6	2018	As next step, we will add the CD4+ T lymphocyte-targeted immunosuppressive drug to treat PQ poisoning patients.	Paraquat	89-91	CD4 molecule	Homo sapiens	30-33
28986289-0	2018	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha) inhibitor salubrinal attenuates paraquat-induced human lung epithelial-like A549 cell apoptosis by regulating the PERK-eIF2alpha signaling pathway.	Paraquat	101-109	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	0-56
28986289-0	2018	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha) inhibitor salubrinal attenuates paraquat-induced human lung epithelial-like A549 cell apoptosis by regulating the PERK-eIF2alpha signaling pathway.	Paraquat	101-109	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	58-67
28986289-0	2018	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (eIF2alpha) inhibitor salubrinal attenuates paraquat-induced human lung epithelial-like A549 cell apoptosis by regulating the PERK-eIF2alpha signaling pathway.	Paraquat	101-109	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	183-187
28986289-7	2018	The data showed that PQ significantly reduced A549 cell viability, changed cell morphology, induced cell apoptosis and significantly upregulated the levels of GRP78, CHOP, p-PERK, c-ATF6 and p-IRE1alpha.	Paraquat	21-23	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Homo sapiens	159-164
29054699-0	2018	Silymarin attenuated paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in macrophage by regulating Trx/TXNIP complex, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis.	Paraquat	21-29	thioredoxin interacting protein	Homo sapiens	83-88
28986289-7	2018	The data showed that PQ significantly reduced A549 cell viability, changed cell morphology, induced cell apoptosis and significantly upregulated the levels of GRP78, CHOP, p-PERK, c-ATF6 and p-IRE1alpha.	Paraquat	21-23	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	166-170
28986289-7	2018	The data showed that PQ significantly reduced A549 cell viability, changed cell morphology, induced cell apoptosis and significantly upregulated the levels of GRP78, CHOP, p-PERK, c-ATF6 and p-IRE1alpha.	Paraquat	21-23	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	174-178
29054699-0	2018	Silymarin attenuated paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in macrophage by regulating Trx/TXNIP complex, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis.	Paraquat	21-29	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	109-114
28986289-7	2018	The data showed that PQ significantly reduced A549 cell viability, changed cell morphology, induced cell apoptosis and significantly upregulated the levels of GRP78, CHOP, p-PERK, c-ATF6 and p-IRE1alpha.	Paraquat	21-23	activating transcription factor 6	Homo sapiens	182-186
29054699-7	2018	NLRP3 inflammasome and cytokines secretion in macrophage exposed to paraquat at 24h were measured via immunofluorescence microscopy, western blot or Elisa.	Paraquat	68-76	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	0-5
28986289-7	2018	The data showed that PQ significantly reduced A549 cell viability, changed cell morphology, induced cell apoptosis and significantly upregulated the levels of GRP78, CHOP, p-PERK, c-ATF6 and p-IRE1alpha.	Paraquat	21-23	endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1	Homo sapiens	193-202
29054699-8	2018	Our results revealed that paraquat could dramatically cause cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species generation, enhance TXNIP expression, and induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cytokines secretion.	Paraquat	26-34	thioredoxin interacting protein	Homo sapiens	121-126
28986289-8	2018	However, 30muM salubrinal could attenuate the effects of PQ on damages to A549 cells through upregulating p-eIF2alpha.	Paraquat	57-59	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	108-117
28986289-10	2018	These results suggest that PQ-induced A549 cell apoptosis involved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, specially the PERK-eIF2alpha pathway.	Paraquat	27-29	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	116-120
29054699-8	2018	Our results revealed that paraquat could dramatically cause cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species generation, enhance TXNIP expression, and induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cytokines secretion.	Paraquat	26-34	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	150-155
28986289-10	2018	These results suggest that PQ-induced A549 cell apoptosis involved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, specially the PERK-eIF2alpha pathway.	Paraquat	27-29	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	121-130
29054699-10	2018	In conclusion, silymarin attenuated paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in macrophage by inhibiting oxidative stress, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, cytokines secretion and apoptosis.	Paraquat	36-44	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3	Homo sapiens	112-117
28986289-11	2018	Salubrinal attenuated A549 cells from PQ-induced damages through regulation of the PERK-eIF2alpha signaling.	Paraquat	38-40	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3	Homo sapiens	83-87
29346364-4	2018	Furthermore, glit-1 mutants exhibit increased sensitivity to oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and paraquat.	Paraquat	98-106	Neuroligin-like protein glit-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	13-19
28986289-11	2018	Salubrinal attenuated A549 cells from PQ-induced damages through regulation of the PERK-eIF2alpha signaling.	Paraquat	38-40	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Homo sapiens	88-97
29362278-5	2018	The objective of this study was to determine whether the application of chronic oxidative stress by ingestion of paraquat would generate a triple A-like phenotype in ALADIN null mice.	Paraquat	113-121	achalasia, adrenocortical insufficiency, alacrimia	Mus musculus	166-172
29495168-12	2018	(4) Compared with the normal control group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ group was significantly decreased and BAX protein expression in PQ group was significantly increased (P&lt;0.05) ; compared with PQ group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly increased, BAX protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	72-74	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	44-49
29495168-12	2018	(4) Compared with the normal control group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ group was significantly decreased and BAX protein expression in PQ group was significantly increased (P&lt;0.05) ; compared with PQ group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly increased, BAX protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	139-141	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	113-116
29495168-12	2018	(4) Compared with the normal control group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ group was significantly decreased and BAX protein expression in PQ group was significantly increased (P&lt;0.05) ; compared with PQ group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly increased, BAX protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	139-141	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	214-219
29495168-12	2018	(4) Compared with the normal control group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ group was significantly decreased and BAX protein expression in PQ group was significantly increased (P&lt;0.05) ; compared with PQ group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly increased, BAX protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	139-141	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	113-116
29495168-12	2018	(4) Compared with the normal control group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ group was significantly decreased and BAX protein expression in PQ group was significantly increased (P&lt;0.05) ; compared with PQ group, Bcl-2 protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly increased, BAX protein expression in PQ+XBJ group was significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	139-141	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	214-219
29495168-13	2018	(5) Compared with the normal control group, the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in PQ group were significantly increased (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	89-91	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	62-71
29495168-13	2018	(5) Compared with the normal control group, the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in PQ group were significantly increased (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	89-91	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	76-85
29495168-14	2018	Compared with PQ group, the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in PQ+XBJ group were decreased significantly (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	14-16	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	42-51
29495168-14	2018	Compared with PQ group, the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in PQ+XBJ group were decreased significantly (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	14-16	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	56-65
29495171-0	2018	[Effect of paraquat on the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 in A549 cells].	Paraquat	11-19	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	41-79
29495171-1	2018	Objective: Construct a paraquat (PQ) cell fibrosis model in vitro, observe the effect of PQ on the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) in A549 cells, and explore the role of ADAM17 in the pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	89-91	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	113-151
29495171-1	2018	Objective: Construct a paraquat (PQ) cell fibrosis model in vitro, observe the effect of PQ on the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) in A549 cells, and explore the role of ADAM17 in the pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	89-91	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	153-159
29495171-1	2018	Objective: Construct a paraquat (PQ) cell fibrosis model in vitro, observe the effect of PQ on the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) in A549 cells, and explore the role of ADAM17 in the pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	89-91	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	113-151
29495171-1	2018	Objective: Construct a paraquat (PQ) cell fibrosis model in vitro, observe the effect of PQ on the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) in A549 cells, and explore the role of ADAM17 in the pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	89-91	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	153-159
29495171-8	2018	3.ELISA showed that with the increase of PQ concentration, the expression of Col I and FN increased (P&lt;0.05) , and Col I and FN expression gradually increased with the prolongation of PQ time (P&lt;0.05) , and the fibroblast model is successfully established.	Paraquat	41-43	fibronectin 1	Homo sapiens	87-89
29495171-14	2018	ADAM17 is overexpressed in the A549 cells induced by PQ and may be involved in the process of pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	53-55	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	0-6
29495171-14	2018	ADAM17 is overexpressed in the A549 cells induced by PQ and may be involved in the process of pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	124-132	ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17	Homo sapiens	0-6
29266958-2	2018	The supramolecular binding of methyl viologen guest toward TA4 macrocyclic scaffold has been studied employing the dispersion corrected omegaB97X-D based density functional theory.	Paraquat	30-45	trace amine associated receptor 6	Homo sapiens	59-62
29346364-6	2018	After exposure to 6-OHDA and paraquat, glit-1 and tsp-17 mutants show almost identical, non-additive hypersensitivity phenotypes and exhibit highly increased induction of oxidative stress reporters.	Paraquat	29-37	Neuroligin-like protein glit-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	39-45
29346364-6	2018	After exposure to 6-OHDA and paraquat, glit-1 and tsp-17 mutants show almost identical, non-additive hypersensitivity phenotypes and exhibit highly increased induction of oxidative stress reporters.	Paraquat	29-37	Tetraspanin-17	Caenorhabditis elegans	50-56
29346382-7	2018	TTR-33 protects C. elegans from oxidative stress induced by paraquat or H2O2 at an organismal level.	Paraquat	60-68	Transthyretin-like protein 33	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-6
28699703-0	2017	A positive feedback loop promotes HIF-1alpha stability through miR-210-mediated suppression of RUNX3 in paraquat-induced EMT.	Paraquat	104-112	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	34-44
29423117-4	2018	Quantitative PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress suppressed the expression of stemness markers, including NANOG, OCT4 and TDGF1, whereas it enhanced the spontaneous expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as PAX6, NEUROD1, HOXA1, NCAM, GFRA1 and TUJ1.	Paraquat	71-79	Nanog homeobox	Homo sapiens	162-167
29423117-4	2018	Quantitative PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress suppressed the expression of stemness markers, including NANOG, OCT4 and TDGF1, whereas it enhanced the spontaneous expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as PAX6, NEUROD1, HOXA1, NCAM, GFRA1 and TUJ1.	Paraquat	71-79	POU class 5 homeobox 1	Homo sapiens	169-173
29423117-4	2018	Quantitative PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress suppressed the expression of stemness markers, including NANOG, OCT4 and TDGF1, whereas it enhanced the spontaneous expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as PAX6, NEUROD1, HOXA1, NCAM, GFRA1 and TUJ1.	Paraquat	71-79	teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	178-183
29423117-4	2018	Quantitative PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress suppressed the expression of stemness markers, including NANOG, OCT4 and TDGF1, whereas it enhanced the spontaneous expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as PAX6, NEUROD1, HOXA1, NCAM, GFRA1 and TUJ1.	Paraquat	71-79	paired box 6	Homo sapiens	276-280
29950142-6	2018	Oxidant challenge with paraquat or hydrogen peroxide, or pharmacological activation of NFE2L2 with sulforaphane or dimethyl fumarate also increased LAMP2A levels and CMA activity.	Paraquat	23-31	lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2	Mus musculus	148-154
29202295-8	2018	In conclusion, the failure of nth-1 mutants to induce apoptosis in response to paraquat is not a direct effect of the DNA repair deficiency but an indirect consequence of the compensatory cellular stress response that includes MAPK activation.	Paraquat	79-87	Endonuclease III homolog	Caenorhabditis elegans	30-35
30372676-5	2018	We show that oxidative stress induced by paraquat leads to the formation of cytosolic TDP-43 aggregation in SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	41-49	TAR DNA binding protein	Homo sapiens	86-92
30372676-6	2018	DJ-1 overexpression decreases paraquat-induced cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43 in SH-SY5Y cells and protects against paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	30-38	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	0-4
30372676-6	2018	DJ-1 overexpression decreases paraquat-induced cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43 in SH-SY5Y cells and protects against paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	30-38	TAR DNA binding protein	Homo sapiens	75-81
30372676-6	2018	DJ-1 overexpression decreases paraquat-induced cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43 in SH-SY5Y cells and protects against paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	120-128	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	0-4
30372676-7	2018	Transfection of DJ-1 L166P mutant or DJ-1 siRNA leads to increased cytosolic aggregation of TDP-43 in paraquat-treated SH-SY5Y cells and promotes cell death.	Paraquat	102-110	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	16-20
30372676-7	2018	Transfection of DJ-1 L166P mutant or DJ-1 siRNA leads to increased cytosolic aggregation of TDP-43 in paraquat-treated SH-SY5Y cells and promotes cell death.	Paraquat	102-110	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	37-41
30372676-7	2018	Transfection of DJ-1 L166P mutant or DJ-1 siRNA leads to increased cytosolic aggregation of TDP-43 in paraquat-treated SH-SY5Y cells and promotes cell death.	Paraquat	102-110	TAR DNA binding protein	Homo sapiens	92-98
28083817-0	2018	Carnosic Acid Induces Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Paraquat-Treated SH-SY5Y Cells Through a Mechanism Involving a Crosstalk Between the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis and NF-kappaB.	Paraquat	51-59	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	136-140
28083817-0	2018	Carnosic Acid Induces Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Paraquat-Treated SH-SY5Y Cells Through a Mechanism Involving a Crosstalk Between the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis and NF-kappaB.	Paraquat	51-59	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
28083817-6	2018	SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated for 12 h with CA at 1 muM before exposure to PQ for further 24 h. CA suppressed the PQ-induced alterations on the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through a mechanism involving the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.	Paraquat	114-116	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	154-171
28083817-6	2018	SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated for 12 h with CA at 1 muM before exposure to PQ for further 24 h. CA suppressed the PQ-induced alterations on the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through a mechanism involving the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.	Paraquat	114-116	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	173-181
28083817-6	2018	SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated for 12 h with CA at 1 muM before exposure to PQ for further 24 h. CA suppressed the PQ-induced alterations on the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through a mechanism involving the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.	Paraquat	114-116	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	184-211
28083817-6	2018	SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated for 12 h with CA at 1 muM before exposure to PQ for further 24 h. CA suppressed the PQ-induced alterations on the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through a mechanism involving the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.	Paraquat	114-116	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	213-222
28083817-6	2018	SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated for 12 h with CA at 1 muM before exposure to PQ for further 24 h. CA suppressed the PQ-induced alterations on the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through a mechanism involving the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.	Paraquat	114-116	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	229-245
28083817-6	2018	SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated for 12 h with CA at 1 muM before exposure to PQ for further 24 h. CA suppressed the PQ-induced alterations on the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through a mechanism involving the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.	Paraquat	114-116	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	247-252
28083817-6	2018	SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated for 12 h with CA at 1 muM before exposure to PQ for further 24 h. CA suppressed the PQ-induced alterations on the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through a mechanism involving the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.	Paraquat	114-116	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	306-310
28083817-6	2018	SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated for 12 h with CA at 1 muM before exposure to PQ for further 24 h. CA suppressed the PQ-induced alterations on the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through a mechanism involving the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.	Paraquat	114-116	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	311-315
29423117-4	2018	Quantitative PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress suppressed the expression of stemness markers, including NANOG, OCT4 and TDGF1, whereas it enhanced the spontaneous expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as PAX6, NEUROD1, HOXA1, NCAM, GFRA1 and TUJ1.	Paraquat	71-79	neuronal differentiation 1	Homo sapiens	282-289
29423117-4	2018	Quantitative PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress suppressed the expression of stemness markers, including NANOG, OCT4 and TDGF1, whereas it enhanced the spontaneous expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as PAX6, NEUROD1, HOXA1, NCAM, GFRA1 and TUJ1.	Paraquat	71-79	homeobox A1	Homo sapiens	291-296
29423117-4	2018	Quantitative PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress suppressed the expression of stemness markers, including NANOG, OCT4 and TDGF1, whereas it enhanced the spontaneous expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as PAX6, NEUROD1, HOXA1, NCAM, GFRA1 and TUJ1.	Paraquat	71-79	neural cell adhesion molecule 1	Homo sapiens	298-302
29423117-4	2018	Quantitative PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress suppressed the expression of stemness markers, including NANOG, OCT4 and TDGF1, whereas it enhanced the spontaneous expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as PAX6, NEUROD1, HOXA1, NCAM, GFRA1 and TUJ1.	Paraquat	71-79	GDNF family receptor alpha 1	Homo sapiens	304-309
29423117-6	2018	The neurogenic effect of ROS on stem cell behaviour was confirmed by the observations that the expression of neuronal markers in the paraquat-treated cells was suppressed by an antioxidant while further enhanced by knocking down Nrf2, a key transcription factor associated with antioxidant signaling.	Paraquat	133-141	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	229-233
29423117-7	2018	Lastly, paraquat dose-dependently activated the neurogenic MAPK-ERK1/2, which can be reversed by the MEK1/2 inhibitor SL327.	Paraquat	8-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	64-70
29423117-7	2018	Lastly, paraquat dose-dependently activated the neurogenic MAPK-ERK1/2, which can be reversed by the MEK1/2 inhibitor SL327.	Paraquat	8-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	101-107
29495147-0	2017	[The roles of TSP-1 and its receptor CD47 in pathogenesis of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats].	Paraquat	61-69	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	14-19
29495147-0	2017	[The roles of TSP-1 and its receptor CD47 in pathogenesis of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats].	Paraquat	61-69	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	37-41
29495147-11	2017	Compared with the normal control group, all PQ poisoning groups (except the 12 h group) had significantly increased expression of TSP-1 in lung tissue (P&lt;0.05) , and all PQ poisoning groups (except the 1 d group) had significantly increased expression of CD47 in lung tissue (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	44-46	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	130-135
29495147-11	2017	Compared with the normal control group, all PQ poisoning groups (except the 12 h group) had significantly increased expression of TSP-1 in lung tissue (P&lt;0.05) , and all PQ poisoning groups (except the 1 d group) had significantly increased expression of CD47 in lung tissue (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	173-175	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	258-262
29495147-12	2017	Within 2 h after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentrations of ROS, hydroxyl radicals, and malondialdehyde and the degree of pulmonary alveolitis (P&lt;0.01) ; at 1 d after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentration of hydroxyproline in lung tissue (P&lt;0.01) .	Paraquat	17-19	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	49-54
29495147-12	2017	Within 2 h after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentrations of ROS, hydroxyl radicals, and malondialdehyde and the degree of pulmonary alveolitis (P&lt;0.01) ; at 1 d after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentration of hydroxyproline in lung tissue (P&lt;0.01) .	Paraquat	17-19	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	59-63
29495147-12	2017	Within 2 h after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentrations of ROS, hydroxyl radicals, and malondialdehyde and the degree of pulmonary alveolitis (P&lt;0.01) ; at 1 d after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentration of hydroxyproline in lung tissue (P&lt;0.01) .	Paraquat	17-19	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	259-264
29495147-12	2017	Within 2 h after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentrations of ROS, hydroxyl radicals, and malondialdehyde and the degree of pulmonary alveolitis (P&lt;0.01) ; at 1 d after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentration of hydroxyproline in lung tissue (P&lt;0.01) .	Paraquat	17-19	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	269-273
29495147-12	2017	Within 2 h after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentrations of ROS, hydroxyl radicals, and malondialdehyde and the degree of pulmonary alveolitis (P&lt;0.01) ; at 1 d after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentration of hydroxyproline in lung tissue (P&lt;0.01) .	Paraquat	227-229	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	49-54
29495147-12	2017	Within 2 h after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentrations of ROS, hydroxyl radicals, and malondialdehyde and the degree of pulmonary alveolitis (P&lt;0.01) ; at 1 d after PQ poisoning, the expression of TSP-1 and CD47 was positively correlated with the concentration of hydroxyproline in lung tissue (P&lt;0.01) .	Paraquat	227-229	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	59-63
29495147-13	2017	Conclusion: The expression of TSP-1 and CD47 is closely related to oxidative stress and subsequent pulmonary fibrosis, and they may be involved in the development and progression of pulmonary alveolitis and subsequent pulmonary fibrosis in rats with PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	250-252	thrombospondin 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-35
29495147-13	2017	Conclusion: The expression of TSP-1 and CD47 is closely related to oxidative stress and subsequent pulmonary fibrosis, and they may be involved in the development and progression of pulmonary alveolitis and subsequent pulmonary fibrosis in rats with PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	250-252	Cd47 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	40-44
29285131-0	2017	Effects of water extracts of Rehmannia glutinosa on antioxidant system of Nrf2 in paraquat-induced insulin resistance diabetic rat model.	Paraquat	82-90	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
28699703-0	2017	A positive feedback loop promotes HIF-1alpha stability through miR-210-mediated suppression of RUNX3 in paraquat-induced EMT.	Paraquat	104-112	microRNA 210	Homo sapiens	63-70
28699703-0	2017	A positive feedback loop promotes HIF-1alpha stability through miR-210-mediated suppression of RUNX3 in paraquat-induced EMT.	Paraquat	104-112	RUNX family transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	95-100
28699703-3	2017	Here, we investigated the role of miR-210 in PQ-induced EMT and its relationship with hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha).	Paraquat	45-47	microRNA 210	Homo sapiens	34-41
28699703-5	2017	We found that miR-210 expression was significantly increased after PQ poisoning, and it may be regulated by HIF-1alpha.	Paraquat	67-69	microRNA 210	Homo sapiens	14-21
28699703-5	2017	We found that miR-210 expression was significantly increased after PQ poisoning, and it may be regulated by HIF-1alpha.	Paraquat	67-69	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	108-118
28699703-8	2017	Runt-related transcription factor-3 (RUNX3), a direct target of miR-210, was inhibited by miR-210 in response to PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	113-115	RUNX family transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	0-35
28699703-8	2017	Runt-related transcription factor-3 (RUNX3), a direct target of miR-210, was inhibited by miR-210 in response to PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	113-115	RUNX family transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	37-42
28699703-8	2017	Runt-related transcription factor-3 (RUNX3), a direct target of miR-210, was inhibited by miR-210 in response to PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	113-115	microRNA 210	Homo sapiens	64-71
28699703-8	2017	Runt-related transcription factor-3 (RUNX3), a direct target of miR-210, was inhibited by miR-210 in response to PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	113-115	microRNA 210	Homo sapiens	90-97
28699703-14	2017	The mechanism may function through miR-210-mediated repression of RUNX3, which further decreases the hydroxylation activity of PHD2, enhances the stability of HIF-1alpha, and promotes PQ-induced EMT, aggravating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	184-186	microRNA 210	Homo sapiens	35-42
28699703-14	2017	The mechanism may function through miR-210-mediated repression of RUNX3, which further decreases the hydroxylation activity of PHD2, enhances the stability of HIF-1alpha, and promotes PQ-induced EMT, aggravating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	184-186	RUNX family transcription factor 3	Homo sapiens	66-71
28699703-14	2017	The mechanism may function through miR-210-mediated repression of RUNX3, which further decreases the hydroxylation activity of PHD2, enhances the stability of HIF-1alpha, and promotes PQ-induced EMT, aggravating the progression of pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	184-186	egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 1	Homo sapiens	127-131
29268507-0	2017	Doxycycline attenuates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by downregulating the TGF-beta signaling pathway.	Paraquat	23-31	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	81-89
29040593-0	2017	Oral Exposure to Paraquat Triggers Earlier Expression of Phosphorylated alpha-Synuclein in the Enteric Nervous System of A53T Mutant Human alpha-Synuclein Transgenic Mice.	Paraquat	17-25	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	72-87
29040593-0	2017	Oral Exposure to Paraquat Triggers Earlier Expression of Phosphorylated alpha-Synuclein in the Enteric Nervous System of A53T Mutant Human alpha-Synuclein Transgenic Mice.	Paraquat	17-25	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	139-154
29040593-4	2017	Here, we used this model to study the impact of paraquat (PQ) a neurotoxic herbicide incriminated in PD in agricultural workers) on the enteric pSer129 alpha-syn expression in young mice.	Paraquat	48-56	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	152-161
29040593-4	2017	Here, we used this model to study the impact of paraquat (PQ) a neurotoxic herbicide incriminated in PD in agricultural workers) on the enteric pSer129 alpha-syn expression in young mice.	Paraquat	58-60	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	152-161
29040593-5	2017	Orally delivered in the drinking water at 10 mg/kg/day for 6-8 weeks, the impact of PQ was measured in a time-dependent manner on weight, locomotor abilities, pSer129 alpha-syn, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression levels in the ENS.	Paraquat	84-86	glial fibrillary acidic protein	Mus musculus	182-213
29058724-3	2017	Our screen uncovered three genes, POR (cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase), ATP7A (copper transporter), and SLC45A4 (sucrose transporter), required for paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	148-156	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	34-37
29058724-3	2017	Our screen uncovered three genes, POR (cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase), ATP7A (copper transporter), and SLC45A4 (sucrose transporter), required for paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	148-156	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	39-69
29058724-3	2017	Our screen uncovered three genes, POR (cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase), ATP7A (copper transporter), and SLC45A4 (sucrose transporter), required for paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	148-156	ATPase copper transporting alpha	Homo sapiens	72-77
29058724-3	2017	Our screen uncovered three genes, POR (cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase), ATP7A (copper transporter), and SLC45A4 (sucrose transporter), required for paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	148-156	solute carrier family 45 member 4	Homo sapiens	104-111
29058724-4	2017	Furthermore, our results revealed POR as the source of paraquat-induced ROS production.	Paraquat	55-63	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	34-37
29316751-11	2017	The phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha and the expression of NF-kappaB p65 were decreased in lung tissues in the PQ+OPC group as compared with the PQ group.	Paraquat	110-112	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor, alpha	Mus musculus	23-35
29316751-11	2017	The phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha and the expression of NF-kappaB p65 were decreased in lung tissues in the PQ+OPC group as compared with the PQ group.	Paraquat	110-112	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	58-67
29316751-12	2017	In addition, compared with the control group, the expressions of HO-1 and Nrf2 were increased in lung tissues in OPC group, and these were decreased in lung tissues in PQ groups.	Paraquat	168-170	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	65-69
29316751-12	2017	In addition, compared with the control group, the expressions of HO-1 and Nrf2 were increased in lung tissues in OPC group, and these were decreased in lung tissues in PQ groups.	Paraquat	168-170	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	74-78
29316751-13	2017	Furthermore, the expressions of HO-1 and Nrf2 were also increased in lung tissues in PQ+OPC as com-pared with the PQ group.	Paraquat	85-87	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	32-36
29316751-13	2017	Furthermore, the expressions of HO-1 and Nrf2 were also increased in lung tissues in PQ+OPC as com-pared with the PQ group.	Paraquat	85-87	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	41-45
29316751-14	2017	Conclusion: OPC could alleviate PQ-induced systemic toxicity in mice by regulating oxidative stress via NF-kappaB and Nrf2 pathway.	Paraquat	32-34	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	104-113
29316751-14	2017	Conclusion: OPC could alleviate PQ-induced systemic toxicity in mice by regulating oxidative stress via NF-kappaB and Nrf2 pathway.	Paraquat	32-34	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	118-122
29268507-9	2017	Conclusions: The findings suggest that Doxy can restore the balance of epithelial-mesenchymal cells and attenuate PQ-induced PF by downregulating the TGF-beta signaling pathway.	Paraquat	114-116	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	150-158
29151408-13	2017	CONCLUSIONS: 5-ASA attenuates the damage of acute renal injury (AKI) caused by PQ, which mechanism may be related with the activation of Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway.	Paraquat	79-81	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	137-141
29151411-13	2017	CONCLUSIONS: Thalidomide has a protective effect on ALI induced by PQ poisoning in rats in a dose-dependent manner, the mechanism may be achieved by reducing the level of oxygen free radicals, reducing the inflammatory factor and inhibiting the IkappaB-alpha/NF-kappaB signal pathway activation.	Paraquat	67-69	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	245-258
29151411-10	2017	Compared with the NS control group, serum MDA content and the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6, and the phosphorylation of p65 and IkappaB-alpha in lung tissue were significantly increased after PQ exposure, and the activity of serum SOD was significantly decreased.	Paraquat	191-193	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	72-81
29151411-10	2017	Compared with the NS control group, serum MDA content and the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6, and the phosphorylation of p65 and IkappaB-alpha in lung tissue were significantly increased after PQ exposure, and the activity of serum SOD was significantly decreased.	Paraquat	191-193	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	86-90
29151411-10	2017	Compared with the NS control group, serum MDA content and the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6, and the phosphorylation of p65 and IkappaB-alpha in lung tissue were significantly increased after PQ exposure, and the activity of serum SOD was significantly decreased.	Paraquat	191-193	synaptotagmin 1	Rattus norvegicus	119-122
29151411-10	2017	Compared with the NS control group, serum MDA content and the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6, and the phosphorylation of p65 and IkappaB-alpha in lung tissue were significantly increased after PQ exposure, and the activity of serum SOD was significantly decreased.	Paraquat	191-193	NFKB inhibitor alpha	Rattus norvegicus	127-140
31966375-1	2017	OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between soluble CD14 subtype (also named presepsin) and the prognosis of acute paraquat poisoning (APP) patients.	Paraquat	116-124	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	53-57
29071302-0	2017	Paraquat and MPTP induce neurodegeneration and alteration in the expression profile of microRNAs: the role of transcription factor Nrf2.	Paraquat	0-8	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	131-135
29071302-3	2017	Exposure to 10 mg/kg PQ or 30 mg/kg MPTP caused damage to nerve cells in the substantia nigra (SN) in both Nrf2 (+/+) and Nrf2 (-/-) ICR mice, which included cell morphological changes, detectable apoptosis and a significant reduction in the number of dopaminergic (DA) neurons.	Paraquat	21-23	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	107-111
29071302-3	2017	Exposure to 10 mg/kg PQ or 30 mg/kg MPTP caused damage to nerve cells in the substantia nigra (SN) in both Nrf2 (+/+) and Nrf2 (-/-) ICR mice, which included cell morphological changes, detectable apoptosis and a significant reduction in the number of dopaminergic (DA) neurons.	Paraquat	21-23	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	122-126
29071302-4	2017	When mice were exposed to the same PQ dose of 10 mg/kg, significant fewer tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive DA neurons were observed in the Nrf2 (-/-) mice than that in the Nrf2 (+/+) mice.	Paraquat	35-37	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	141-145
29071302-4	2017	When mice were exposed to the same PQ dose of 10 mg/kg, significant fewer tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive DA neurons were observed in the Nrf2 (-/-) mice than that in the Nrf2 (+/+) mice.	Paraquat	35-37	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	174-178
29071302-5	2017	Both Nrf2 deficiency and PQ or MPTP exposure could alter miRNA expression profile in the SN, suggesting the potential involvement of Nrf2 in the PQ-induced or MPTP-induced miRNA expression alteration.	Paraquat	25-27	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	133-137
29071302-5	2017	Both Nrf2 deficiency and PQ or MPTP exposure could alter miRNA expression profile in the SN, suggesting the potential involvement of Nrf2 in the PQ-induced or MPTP-induced miRNA expression alteration.	Paraquat	145-147	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	5-9
29071302-5	2017	Both Nrf2 deficiency and PQ or MPTP exposure could alter miRNA expression profile in the SN, suggesting the potential involvement of Nrf2 in the PQ-induced or MPTP-induced miRNA expression alteration.	Paraquat	145-147	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	133-137
31966375-0	2017	Effect of soluble CD14 subtype on the prognosis evaluation of acute paraquat poisoning patients.	Paraquat	68-76	CD14 molecule	Homo sapiens	18-22
28600744-0	2017	Interleukin-17A Plays the Same Role on Mice Acute Lung Injury Respectively Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and Paraquat.	Paraquat	109-117	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	0-15
28600744-2	2017	Our study was to investigate the role of IL-17A on acute lung injury (ALI) respectively induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and paraquat (PQ) on mice.	Paraquat	128-136	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	41-47
28600744-2	2017	Our study was to investigate the role of IL-17A on acute lung injury (ALI) respectively induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and paraquat (PQ) on mice.	Paraquat	138-140	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	41-47
28600744-8	2017	After being administered with LPS or PQ, all mice presented ALI pathological change; expression of IL-17A increased significantly.	Paraquat	37-39	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	99-105
28600744-9	2017	When blocking IL-17A with antibody, lung injury in both LPS- and PQ-administrated mice was attenuated.	Paraquat	65-67	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	14-20
28600744-12	2017	IL-17A involves the ALI induced by LPS or PQ and promotes the pathological process by activating NF-kappaB P65 and recruiting neutrophils, which enlarges the cascade effect of inflammation and injures lung tissues.	Paraquat	42-44	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	0-6
28600744-14	2017	The reaction of IL-17A in the ALI induced by LPS is stronger than that by PQ.	Paraquat	74-76	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	16-22
28525809-3	2017	85.78% degradation efficiency for 20 mg L-1 paraquat was achieved in the modified process under desired operational conditions (i.e. current intensity of 300 mA, catalyst amount of 1 g L-1, pH = 6, and background electrolyte (Na2SO4) concentration of 0.05 mol L-1) which was higher than the 41.03% for the unmodified one after 150 min of treatment.	Paraquat	44-52	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	40-43
27686076-0	2017	Carnosic Acid Protects Mitochondria of Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells Exposed to Paraquat Through Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1Axis.	Paraquat	84-92	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	119-123
27686076-7	2017	We found that the CA-induced Nrf2-dependent HO-1 upregulation ameliorated, at least in part, the mitochondrial function in PQ-treated cells.	Paraquat	123-125	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	29-33
27686076-7	2017	We found that the CA-induced Nrf2-dependent HO-1 upregulation ameliorated, at least in part, the mitochondrial function in PQ-treated cells.	Paraquat	123-125	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
29294513-8	2017	PQ dramatically induced HK-2 apoptosis evidenced by increasing expressions of caspase-9, caspase-3 and Bax, while decreasing Bcl-2 level.	Paraquat	0-2	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	78-87
29294513-8	2017	PQ dramatically induced HK-2 apoptosis evidenced by increasing expressions of caspase-9, caspase-3 and Bax, while decreasing Bcl-2 level.	Paraquat	0-2	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	89-98
29294513-8	2017	PQ dramatically induced HK-2 apoptosis evidenced by increasing expressions of caspase-9, caspase-3 and Bax, while decreasing Bcl-2 level.	Paraquat	0-2	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	103-106
29294513-8	2017	PQ dramatically induced HK-2 apoptosis evidenced by increasing expressions of caspase-9, caspase-3 and Bax, while decreasing Bcl-2 level.	Paraquat	0-2	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	125-130
28726305-6	2017	myb30 mutants were sensitive to methyl viologen (MV) and heat stresses.	Paraquat	32-47	myb domain protein 30	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-5
29026307-9	2017	The results showed that the levels of ROS, malondialdehyde, NF-kappaB, p-NF-kappaB, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta were markedly increased after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	164-166	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	84-111
29026307-9	2017	The results showed that the levels of ROS, malondialdehyde, NF-kappaB, p-NF-kappaB, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta were markedly increased after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	164-166	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	116-133
29294516-1	2017	Objective: To investigate the dynamic expression of placenta growth factor (PlGF) in the lungs and its role in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis and to evaluate the effect of ACEI captopril and AT (1) -receptor blocker losartan on paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	111-119	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	52-74
29294516-1	2017	Objective: To investigate the dynamic expression of placenta growth factor (PlGF) in the lungs and its role in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis and to evaluate the effect of ACEI captopril and AT (1) -receptor blocker losartan on paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	111-119	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	76-80
29294516-20	2017	Conclusion: PlGF may plays an important role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis following paraquat-induced lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	96-104	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	12-16
29294516-21	2017	Captopril and losartan had an inhibitory effect on paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and the effect may be due to inhibition of angiotensin II and, in part, be associated with reduction in PlGF.	Paraquat	51-59	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	131-145
29294516-21	2017	Captopril and losartan had an inhibitory effect on paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and the effect may be due to inhibition of angiotensin II and, in part, be associated with reduction in PlGF.	Paraquat	51-59	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	192-196
28525809-3	2017	85.78% degradation efficiency for 20 mg L-1 paraquat was achieved in the modified process under desired operational conditions (i.e. current intensity of 300 mA, catalyst amount of 1 g L-1, pH = 6, and background electrolyte (Na2SO4) concentration of 0.05 mol L-1) which was higher than the 41.03% for the unmodified one after 150 min of treatment.	Paraquat	44-52	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	185-188
28525809-3	2017	85.78% degradation efficiency for 20 mg L-1 paraquat was achieved in the modified process under desired operational conditions (i.e. current intensity of 300 mA, catalyst amount of 1 g L-1, pH = 6, and background electrolyte (Na2SO4) concentration of 0.05 mol L-1) which was higher than the 41.03% for the unmodified one after 150 min of treatment.	Paraquat	44-52	L1 cell adhesion molecule	Homo sapiens	185-188
28936961-1	2017	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of small RNA interference targeting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression on paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats.	Paraquat	125-133	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	74-103
28620826-7	2017	Similarly, paraquat, another ROS generator, decreased ATP levels in the alpha-synuclein overexpressing cells, but not in the control cells, further demonstrating how alpha-synuclein sensitized the cells to oxidative insult.	Paraquat	11-19	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	72-87
28620826-7	2017	Similarly, paraquat, another ROS generator, decreased ATP levels in the alpha-synuclein overexpressing cells, but not in the control cells, further demonstrating how alpha-synuclein sensitized the cells to oxidative insult.	Paraquat	11-19	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	166-181
28936961-1	2017	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of small RNA interference targeting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression on paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats.	Paraquat	125-133	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	105-109
28936961-10	2017	RESULTS: Under light microscope, there was no obvious pathological changes in the lung tissues in the NS control group, while in the paraquat model group and mTOR unrelated sequence group, lung tissue in rats were damaged, there were a lot of inflammatory cell infiltration, a large number of matrix collagen and fibrous tissues hyperplasia, and gradually increased with time, and it was consistent with paraquat-induced lung tissue fibrosis process.	Paraquat	404-412	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	158-162
28428137-0	2017	JWA antagonizes paraquat-induced neurotoxicity via activation of Nrf2.	Paraquat	16-24	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	65-69
28916328-10	2017	In addition, PQ induced, after 24h and 14days exposure, cell death on hippocampal neurons that was partially mediated by AChE variants alteration and cholinergic and gultamatergic transmissions disruption.	Paraquat	13-15	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	121-125
28624451-0	2017	Rapamycin protects against paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis: Activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	27-35	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	78-82
28624451-6	2017	And the EMT associated transcription factor Snail was decreased by rapamycin treatment compared with PQ group.	Paraquat	101-103	snail family transcriptional repressor 1	Homo sapiens	44-49
28624451-7	2017	And PQ decreased the Nrf2 expression both in mRNA and protein levels, and rapamycin inhibited these effects of PQ.	Paraquat	4-6	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
28624451-9	2017	And knockdowon of Nrf2 could abolish the inhibitory effects of rapamycin of PQ-induced EMT.	Paraquat	76-78	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	18-22
28624451-10	2017	In conclusion, rapamycin protects against paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway.	Paraquat	42-50	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	95-99
31966674-0	2017	Overexpression of p58ipk protects neuroblastoma against paraquat-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	56-64	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C3	Homo sapiens	18-24
28474156-0	2017	JNK Inhibitor SP600125 Attenuates Paraquat-Induced Acute Lung Injury: an In Vivo and In Vitro Study.	Paraquat	34-42	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	0-3
28474156-13	2017	JNK inhibitor SP600125 reduced JNK phosphorylation, downregulated cleaved caspase-3 protein level, decreased AP-1 transcriptional activity and ROS level, and reduced the transcription and expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6, which improved ALI and cell apoptosis after paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	266-274	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	0-3
28474156-13	2017	JNK inhibitor SP600125 reduced JNK phosphorylation, downregulated cleaved caspase-3 protein level, decreased AP-1 transcriptional activity and ROS level, and reduced the transcription and expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6, which improved ALI and cell apoptosis after paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	266-274	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	202-211
28474156-14	2017	Our results indicate that JNK/AP-1 mediates ALI as well as oxidative stress and inflammation deterioration secondary to paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	120-128	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	26-29
28576469-7	2017	The expression levels of caspase-3 and glial fibrillary acidic protein were significantly higher in paraquat-treated mice than in control mice.	Paraquat	100-108	caspase 3	Mus musculus	25-34
28576469-8	2017	Interestingly, paraquat reduced the phosphorylation of Akt, but did not affect the total amount of Akt.	Paraquat	15-23	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	55-58
31966703-0	2017	Bone morphogenetic protein 7 alleviates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis via TGF-beta1/Erk1/2 pathway.	Paraquat	40-48	bone morphogenetic protein 7	Mus musculus	0-28
31966703-0	2017	Bone morphogenetic protein 7 alleviates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis via TGF-beta1/Erk1/2 pathway.	Paraquat	40-48	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	80-89
31966703-0	2017	Bone morphogenetic protein 7 alleviates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis via TGF-beta1/Erk1/2 pathway.	Paraquat	40-48	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	90-96
31966674-4	2017	Next, pcDNA 3.1-p58ipk or si-p58ipk was transfected the PQ-induced cells to detect the cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	56-58	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C3	Homo sapiens	29-35
31966703-3	2017	Our results showed that BMP-7 treatment could significantly reduce PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, accompanied by downregulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and collagen I deposition in mouse lungs.	Paraquat	67-69	bone morphogenetic protein 7	Mus musculus	24-29
31966674-5	2017	RESULTS: PQ significantly increased the cell apoptosis as well as the expression of p58ipk and CHOP, but decreased the expression of pAKT.	Paraquat	9-11	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C3	Homo sapiens	84-90
31966703-4	2017	Moreover, PQ-induced inviability, apoptosis, high level of collagen I, as well as phosphorylation of Erk1/2, in MRC-5 cells were significantly inhibited by BMP-7 treatment.	Paraquat	10-12	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	101-107
31966674-5	2017	RESULTS: PQ significantly increased the cell apoptosis as well as the expression of p58ipk and CHOP, but decreased the expression of pAKT.	Paraquat	9-11	DNA damage inducible transcript 3	Homo sapiens	95-99
31966703-4	2017	Moreover, PQ-induced inviability, apoptosis, high level of collagen I, as well as phosphorylation of Erk1/2, in MRC-5 cells were significantly inhibited by BMP-7 treatment.	Paraquat	10-12	bone morphogenetic protein 7	Homo sapiens	156-161
31966703-5	2017	These findings indicate BMP-7 alleviates PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis partly via TGF-beta1/Erk1/2 pathway, suggesting a promising therapeutic means for PQ-induced fibrotic lung injury.	Paraquat	41-43	bone morphogenetic protein 7	Homo sapiens	24-29
31966674-8	2017	CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the expression of p58ipk was related to the toxicity level of PQ-induced cells and the mechanism between them was that p58ipk regulated the toxicity might through regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress) and then regulating cell apoptosis.	Paraquat	101-103	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C3	Homo sapiens	57-63
31966703-5	2017	These findings indicate BMP-7 alleviates PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis partly via TGF-beta1/Erk1/2 pathway, suggesting a promising therapeutic means for PQ-induced fibrotic lung injury.	Paraquat	153-155	bone morphogenetic protein 7	Homo sapiens	24-29
31966674-8	2017	CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the expression of p58ipk was related to the toxicity level of PQ-induced cells and the mechanism between them was that p58ipk regulated the toxicity might through regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress) and then regulating cell apoptosis.	Paraquat	101-103	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C3	Homo sapiens	158-164
28414160-4	2017	Additionally, PQ treatment caused an increase in DR5 (death receptor-5) and caspase-8 interaction, indicating formation of DISC (death-inducing signaling complex).	Paraquat	14-16	TNF receptor superfamily member 10b	Homo sapiens	49-52
28303546-6	2017	Interestingly, the taken up PQ and secretogranin III (SCG3), which became dysregulated with PQ treatment that induced SH-SY5Y apoptosis in our previous study, colocalized in cytoplasmic vesicles.	Paraquat	28-30	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	54-58
28303546-6	2017	Interestingly, the taken up PQ and secretogranin III (SCG3), which became dysregulated with PQ treatment that induced SH-SY5Y apoptosis in our previous study, colocalized in cytoplasmic vesicles.	Paraquat	92-94	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	35-52
28303546-6	2017	Interestingly, the taken up PQ and secretogranin III (SCG3), which became dysregulated with PQ treatment that induced SH-SY5Y apoptosis in our previous study, colocalized in cytoplasmic vesicles.	Paraquat	92-94	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	54-58
28303546-8	2017	More importantly, PQ distributing preferentially into SCG3-positive vesicles demonstrates its selective targeting which may affect SCG3 and cargoes carried by SCG3-positive vesicles.	Paraquat	18-20	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	54-58
28303546-8	2017	More importantly, PQ distributing preferentially into SCG3-positive vesicles demonstrates its selective targeting which may affect SCG3 and cargoes carried by SCG3-positive vesicles.	Paraquat	18-20	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	131-135
28303546-8	2017	More importantly, PQ distributing preferentially into SCG3-positive vesicles demonstrates its selective targeting which may affect SCG3 and cargoes carried by SCG3-positive vesicles.	Paraquat	18-20	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	131-135
28414160-0	2017	Paraquat induces extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in A549 cells by induction of DR5 and repression of anti-apoptotic proteins, DDX3 and GSK3 expression.	Paraquat	0-8	TNF receptor superfamily member 10b	Homo sapiens	78-81
28414160-0	2017	Paraquat induces extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in A549 cells by induction of DR5 and repression of anti-apoptotic proteins, DDX3 and GSK3 expression.	Paraquat	0-8	DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked	Homo sapiens	125-129
28414160-3	2017	PQ increased cleavage of caspase-8 and Bid, indicating caspase-8 activation and truncated Bid, the two key mediators of extrinsic apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	caspase 8	Homo sapiens	25-34
28414160-3	2017	PQ increased cleavage of caspase-8 and Bid, indicating caspase-8 activation and truncated Bid, the two key mediators of extrinsic apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	39-42
28414160-3	2017	PQ increased cleavage of caspase-8 and Bid, indicating caspase-8 activation and truncated Bid, the two key mediators of extrinsic apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	caspase 8	Homo sapiens	55-64
28414160-3	2017	PQ increased cleavage of caspase-8 and Bid, indicating caspase-8 activation and truncated Bid, the two key mediators of extrinsic apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-2	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Homo sapiens	90-93
27389776-0	2017	Tanshinone I Induces Mitochondrial Protection through an Nrf2-Dependent Mechanism in Paraquat-TreatedHuman Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells.	Paraquat	85-93	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	57-61
27389776-6	2017	We found that T-I pretreatment significantly protected mitochondria against PQ-induced redox impairment through an Nrf2-dependent mechanism involving upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, such as Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and both catalytic and modifier subunits of gamma-glutamate-cysteine ligase (gamma-GCL).	Paraquat	76-78	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	115-119
27389776-6	2017	We found that T-I pretreatment significantly protected mitochondria against PQ-induced redox impairment through an Nrf2-dependent mechanism involving upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, such as Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and both catalytic and modifier subunits of gamma-glutamate-cysteine ligase (gamma-GCL).	Paraquat	76-78	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	195-218
27389776-6	2017	We found that T-I pretreatment significantly protected mitochondria against PQ-induced redox impairment through an Nrf2-dependent mechanism involving upregulation of antioxidant enzymes, such as Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and both catalytic and modifier subunits of gamma-glutamate-cysteine ligase (gamma-GCL).	Paraquat	76-78	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	220-226
28414160-4	2017	Additionally, PQ treatment caused an increase in DR5 (death receptor-5) and caspase-8 interaction, indicating formation of DISC (death-inducing signaling complex).	Paraquat	14-16	TNF receptor superfamily member 10b	Homo sapiens	54-70
28414160-4	2017	Additionally, PQ treatment caused an increase in DR5 (death receptor-5) and caspase-8 interaction, indicating formation of DISC (death-inducing signaling complex).	Paraquat	14-16	caspase 8	Homo sapiens	76-85
28414160-6	2017	Moreover, PQ drastically increased DR5 expression and membrane localization.	Paraquat	10-12	TNF receptor superfamily member 10b	Homo sapiens	35-38
28414160-7	2017	Furthermore, PQ caused prominent concentration dependent reductions of DDX3 (the DEAD box protein-3) and GSK3 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) which can associate with DR5 and prevent DISC formation.	Paraquat	13-15	DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked	Homo sapiens	71-75
28414160-7	2017	Furthermore, PQ caused prominent concentration dependent reductions of DDX3 (the DEAD box protein-3) and GSK3 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) which can associate with DR5 and prevent DISC formation.	Paraquat	13-15	DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked	Homo sapiens	81-99
28414160-7	2017	Furthermore, PQ caused prominent concentration dependent reductions of DDX3 (the DEAD box protein-3) and GSK3 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) which can associate with DR5 and prevent DISC formation.	Paraquat	13-15	TNF receptor superfamily member 10b	Homo sapiens	164-167
28414160-8	2017	Additionally, PQ decreased DR5-DDX3 interaction, suggesting a reduction of DDX3/GSK3 anti-apoptotic complex.	Paraquat	14-16	TNF receptor superfamily member 10b	Homo sapiens	27-30
28414160-8	2017	Additionally, PQ decreased DR5-DDX3 interaction, suggesting a reduction of DDX3/GSK3 anti-apoptotic complex.	Paraquat	14-16	DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked	Homo sapiens	31-35
28414160-8	2017	Additionally, PQ decreased DR5-DDX3 interaction, suggesting a reduction of DDX3/GSK3 anti-apoptotic complex.	Paraquat	14-16	DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked	Homo sapiens	75-79
28414160-11	2017	Taken together, these results suggest that PQ may induce extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in A549 cells through upregulation of DR5 and repression of anti-apoptotic proteins, DDX3/GSK3 leading to reduction of anti-apoptotic complex.	Paraquat	43-45	TNF receptor superfamily member 10b	Homo sapiens	126-129
28414160-11	2017	Taken together, these results suggest that PQ may induce extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in A549 cells through upregulation of DR5 and repression of anti-apoptotic proteins, DDX3/GSK3 leading to reduction of anti-apoptotic complex.	Paraquat	43-45	DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked	Homo sapiens	173-177
27788593-0	2017	Paraquat Induces Peripheral Myelin Disruption and Locomotor Defects: Crosstalk with LXR and Wnt Pathways.	Paraquat	0-8	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3	Mus musculus	84-87
27324791-3	2017	In this work, we have revealed for the first time the role of central carbon metabolism and metabolic dysfunction in dopaminergic cell death induced by the paraquat (PQ)-alpha-synuclein interaction.	Paraquat	156-164	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	170-185
28808421-5	2017	Furthermore, we showed that PQ broke down mitochondrial network, enhanced the expression of fission-related proteins, increased Drp1 mitochondrial translocation while decreased the expression of fusion-related proteins in AT-II cells.	Paraquat	28-30	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	128-132
28808421-6	2017	Besides, inhibiting mitochondrial fission using mdivi-1, a selective inhibitor of Drp1, markedly attenuated PQ-induced apoptosis, release of Cyt-c and the generation of ROS.	Paraquat	108-110	collapsin response mediator protein 1	Mus musculus	82-86
27324791-3	2017	In this work, we have revealed for the first time the role of central carbon metabolism and metabolic dysfunction in dopaminergic cell death induced by the paraquat (PQ)-alpha-synuclein interaction.	Paraquat	166-168	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	170-185
27324791-5	2017	PQ also stimulated an increase in glucose uptake, and in the levels of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) and Na+-glucose transporters isoform 1 (SGLT1) proteins, but only inhibition of GLUT-like transport with STF-31 or ascorbic acid reduced PQ-induced cell death.	Paraquat	0-2	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	71-97
27324791-5	2017	PQ also stimulated an increase in glucose uptake, and in the levels of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) and Na+-glucose transporters isoform 1 (SGLT1) proteins, but only inhibition of GLUT-like transport with STF-31 or ascorbic acid reduced PQ-induced cell death.	Paraquat	0-2	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	99-104
27324791-5	2017	PQ also stimulated an increase in glucose uptake, and in the levels of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) and Na+-glucose transporters isoform 1 (SGLT1) proteins, but only inhibition of GLUT-like transport with STF-31 or ascorbic acid reduced PQ-induced cell death.	Paraquat	0-2	solute carrier family 5 member 1	Homo sapiens	146-151
27324791-6	2017	Importantly, while autophagy protein 5 (ATG5)/unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1)-dependent autophagy protected against PQ toxicity, the inhibitory effect of glucose deprivation on cell death progression was largely independent of autophagy or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling.	Paraquat	133-135	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	19-38
27324791-6	2017	Importantly, while autophagy protein 5 (ATG5)/unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1)-dependent autophagy protected against PQ toxicity, the inhibitory effect of glucose deprivation on cell death progression was largely independent of autophagy or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling.	Paraquat	133-135	autophagy related 5	Homo sapiens	40-44
27324791-6	2017	Importantly, while autophagy protein 5 (ATG5)/unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1)-dependent autophagy protected against PQ toxicity, the inhibitory effect of glucose deprivation on cell death progression was largely independent of autophagy or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling.	Paraquat	133-135	unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1	Homo sapiens	46-87
27324791-6	2017	Importantly, while autophagy protein 5 (ATG5)/unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1)-dependent autophagy protected against PQ toxicity, the inhibitory effect of glucose deprivation on cell death progression was largely independent of autophagy or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling.	Paraquat	133-135	unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
27324791-7	2017	PQ selectively induced metabolomic alterations and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in the midbrain and striatum of mice chronically treated with PQ.	Paraquat	0-2	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	101-105
27324791-7	2017	PQ selectively induced metabolomic alterations and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in the midbrain and striatum of mice chronically treated with PQ.	Paraquat	180-182	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	101-105
27324791-8	2017	Inhibition of AMPK signaling led to metabolic dysfunction and an enhanced sensitivity of dopaminergic cells to PQ.	Paraquat	111-113	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
27324791-9	2017	In addition, activation of AMPK by PQ was prevented by inhibition of the inducible nitric oxide syntase (iNOS) with 1400W, but PQ had no effect on iNOS levels.	Paraquat	35-37	protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
27324791-9	2017	In addition, activation of AMPK by PQ was prevented by inhibition of the inducible nitric oxide syntase (iNOS) with 1400W, but PQ had no effect on iNOS levels.	Paraquat	35-37	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	73-103
27324791-9	2017	In addition, activation of AMPK by PQ was prevented by inhibition of the inducible nitric oxide syntase (iNOS) with 1400W, but PQ had no effect on iNOS levels.	Paraquat	35-37	nitric oxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	105-109
27324791-10	2017	Overexpression of wild type or A53T mutant alpha-synuclein stimulated glucose accumulation and PQ toxicity, and this toxic synergism was reduced by inhibition of glucose metabolism/transport and the pentose phosphate pathway (6-aminonicotinamide).	Paraquat	95-97	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	43-58
28363843-0	2017	Toll-like receptor 9 mediates paraquat-induced acute lung injury: an in vitro and in vivo study.	Paraquat	30-38	toll-like receptor 9	Mus musculus	0-20
28376378-0	2017	Inhibition of c-Src protects paraquat induced microvascular endothelial injury by modulating caveolin-1 phosphorylation and caveolae mediated transcellular permeability.	Paraquat	29-37	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	14-19
28376378-0	2017	Inhibition of c-Src protects paraquat induced microvascular endothelial injury by modulating caveolin-1 phosphorylation and caveolae mediated transcellular permeability.	Paraquat	29-37	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	93-103
28376378-4	2017	Paraquat exposure also induced significant increase of caveolin-1 phosphorylation, caveolae trafficking and albumin permeability in endothelial monolayers.	Paraquat	0-8	caveolin 1	Homo sapiens	55-65
28376378-5	2017	C-Src depletion by siRNA significantly attenuate paraquat induced cell toxicity, caveolin-1 phosphorylation, caveolae formation and endothelial hyperpermeability.	Paraquat	49-57	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	0-5
28376378-8	2017	The depletion of c-Src might protect microvascular endothelial function by regulating caveolin-1 phosphorylation and caveolae trafficking during paraquat exposure, and might have potential therapeutic effects on paraquat induced ALI.	Paraquat	145-153	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	17-22
28376378-8	2017	The depletion of c-Src might protect microvascular endothelial function by regulating caveolin-1 phosphorylation and caveolae trafficking during paraquat exposure, and might have potential therapeutic effects on paraquat induced ALI.	Paraquat	212-220	SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase	Homo sapiens	17-22
28780814-14	2017	HSP70 expression of kidney tissue in edaravone treatment group had significantly increased in d3 compared with the paraquat poisoning group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	115-123	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
28215578-0	2017	Mfn2 protects dopaminergic neurons exposed to paraquat both in vitro and in vivo: Implications for idiopathic Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	46-54	mitofusin 2	Homo sapiens	0-4
28215578-6	2017	Blockage of PQ-induced mitochondrial fragmentation by Mfn2 overexpression protected neurons against PQ-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro.	Paraquat	12-14	mitofusin 2	Homo sapiens	54-58
28215578-6	2017	Blockage of PQ-induced mitochondrial fragmentation by Mfn2 overexpression protected neurons against PQ-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro.	Paraquat	100-102	mitofusin 2	Homo sapiens	54-58
28215578-7	2017	More importantly, PQ-induced oxidative damage and stress signaling as well as selective loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra and axonal terminals in striatum was also inhibited in transgenic mice overexpressing hMfn2.	Paraquat	18-20	mitofusin 2	Homo sapiens	232-237
28417442-6	2017	The most common toxicants used to model PD including rotenone, paraquat, and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine have been shown to interact with many of the genes linked with PD such as alpha-synuclein.	Paraquat	63-71	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	196-211
28215032-0	2017	NLRP3 inflammasome activation regulated by NF-kappaB and DAPK contributed to paraquat-induced acute kidney injury.	Paraquat	77-85	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
28215032-7	2017	The results showed that NF-kappaB, DAPK, and NLRP3 inflammasome were activated in paraquat (PQ)-treated rat kidney; the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines was significantly increased.	Paraquat	82-90	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	45-50
28215032-7	2017	The results showed that NF-kappaB, DAPK, and NLRP3 inflammasome were activated in paraquat (PQ)-treated rat kidney; the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines was significantly increased.	Paraquat	92-94	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	45-50
28215032-9	2017	Besides, the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18 in paraquat-treated rat renal tubular epithelial cells were inhibited by siRNA against DAPK.	Paraquat	85-93	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	27-32
28215032-9	2017	Besides, the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18 in paraquat-treated rat renal tubular epithelial cells were inhibited by siRNA against DAPK.	Paraquat	85-93	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	63-71
28215032-9	2017	Besides, the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18 in paraquat-treated rat renal tubular epithelial cells were inhibited by siRNA against DAPK.	Paraquat	85-93	interleukin 18	Rattus norvegicus	76-81
28215032-10	2017	In conclusion, NLRP3 inflammasome activation regulated by NF-kappaB and DAPK played an important role in paraquat-induced acute kidney injury.	Paraquat	105-113	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	15-20
28363843-8	2017	SIGNIFICANCE: TLR9 mediates paraquat-induced ALI, antagonizing TLR9 or silencing TLR9gene may attenuate paraquat-induced ALI.	Paraquat	28-36	toll-like receptor 9	Mus musculus	14-18
28363843-8	2017	SIGNIFICANCE: TLR9 mediates paraquat-induced ALI, antagonizing TLR9 or silencing TLR9gene may attenuate paraquat-induced ALI.	Paraquat	104-112	toll-like receptor 9	Mus musculus	14-18
28538683-7	2017	We identified an essential role for central carbon (glucose) metabolism in dopaminergic cell death induced by paraquat treatment that is enhanced by the overexpression of alpha-synuclein.	Paraquat	110-118	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	171-186
28780796-0	2017	[Changes of integrin-linked kinase expression on rats" pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat].	Paraquat	85-93	integrin-linked kinase	Rattus norvegicus	12-34
28780796-1	2017	Objective: To observe the expression of integrin-linked kinase on pulmonary fibrosis of paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats, and to discuss the relationship between ILK with pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	88-96	integrin-linked kinase	Rattus norvegicus	40-62
28780796-1	2017	Objective: To observe the expression of integrin-linked kinase on pulmonary fibrosis of paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats, and to discuss the relationship between ILK with pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	197-205	integrin-linked kinase	Rattus norvegicus	158-161
28780796-1	2017	Objective: To observe the expression of integrin-linked kinase on pulmonary fibrosis of paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats, and to discuss the relationship between ILK with pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	98-100	integrin-linked kinase	Rattus norvegicus	40-62
28542246-9	2017	We showed that IRP1 protein level as well as aconitase and IRE-binding activities are strongly reduced in macrophages treated with paraquat.	Paraquat	131-139	aconitase 1	Mus musculus	15-19
28424456-0	2017	Paraquat poisoning induced pulmonary epithelial mesenchymal transition through Notch1 pathway.	Paraquat	0-8	notch receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-85
28249220-7	2017	In addition, the inflammatory responses induced by paraquat were inhibited after treatment with chloroquine, as indicated by the decreased number of leukocytes, the reduced levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the reduced NO content, and downregulation of iNOS expression in lung tissues.	Paraquat	51-59	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	183-192
28249220-7	2017	In addition, the inflammatory responses induced by paraquat were inhibited after treatment with chloroquine, as indicated by the decreased number of leukocytes, the reduced levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the reduced NO content, and downregulation of iNOS expression in lung tissues.	Paraquat	51-59	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	194-202
28249220-7	2017	In addition, the inflammatory responses induced by paraquat were inhibited after treatment with chloroquine, as indicated by the decreased number of leukocytes, the reduced levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the reduced NO content, and downregulation of iNOS expression in lung tissues.	Paraquat	51-59	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	207-211
28249220-7	2017	In addition, the inflammatory responses induced by paraquat were inhibited after treatment with chloroquine, as indicated by the decreased number of leukocytes, the reduced levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the reduced NO content, and downregulation of iNOS expression in lung tissues.	Paraquat	51-59	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	295-299
28614921-17	2017	Treatment group 21 days, 28 days TNF alpha content significantly was decreased than that of paraquat group (P&lt;0.05) .	Paraquat	92-100	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	33-42
27993944-12	2017	Repeated PQ instillation downregulated the expression of the mitochondrial-encoded genes, mtATP8, mtNd2 and mtcyB and nuclear ones for the DNA glycosylases, Ogg1, Neil1, Neil2 and Neil3.	Paraquat	9-11	ATP synthase 8, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	90-96
27993944-12	2017	Repeated PQ instillation downregulated the expression of the mitochondrial-encoded genes, mtATP8, mtNd2 and mtcyB and nuclear ones for the DNA glycosylases, Ogg1, Neil1, Neil2 and Neil3.	Paraquat	9-11	NADH dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial	Rattus norvegicus	98-103
27993944-12	2017	Repeated PQ instillation downregulated the expression of the mitochondrial-encoded genes, mtATP8, mtNd2 and mtcyB and nuclear ones for the DNA glycosylases, Ogg1, Neil1, Neil2 and Neil3.	Paraquat	9-11	8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase	Rattus norvegicus	157-161
27993944-12	2017	Repeated PQ instillation downregulated the expression of the mitochondrial-encoded genes, mtATP8, mtNd2 and mtcyB and nuclear ones for the DNA glycosylases, Ogg1, Neil1, Neil2 and Neil3.	Paraquat	9-11	nei-like DNA glycosylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	163-168
27993944-12	2017	Repeated PQ instillation downregulated the expression of the mitochondrial-encoded genes, mtATP8, mtNd2 and mtcyB and nuclear ones for the DNA glycosylases, Ogg1, Neil1, Neil2 and Neil3.	Paraquat	9-11	nei-like DNA glycosylase 2	Rattus norvegicus	170-175
27993944-12	2017	Repeated PQ instillation downregulated the expression of the mitochondrial-encoded genes, mtATP8, mtNd2 and mtcyB and nuclear ones for the DNA glycosylases, Ogg1, Neil1, Neil2 and Neil3.	Paraquat	9-11	nei-like DNA glycosylase 3	Rattus norvegicus	180-185
27993944-13	2017	Ogg1 protein content decreased after acute and repeated PQ administration.	Paraquat	56-58	8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase	Rattus norvegicus	0-4
28284907-0	2017	Minocycline protects, rescues and prevents knockdown transgenic parkin Drosophila against paraquat/iron toxicity: Implications for autosomic recessive juvenile parkinsonism.	Paraquat	90-98	parkin	Drosophila melanogaster	64-70
28043053-5	2017	In response to paraquat stress, young individuals generated more ROS and activated signaling pathways including p-ERK, p-AKT and p-AMPKalpha/beta.	Paraquat	15-23	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	114-117
28377603-0	2017	HMGB1-TLR4-IL23-IL17A axis promotes paraquat-induced acute lung injury by mediating neutrophil infiltration in mice.	Paraquat	36-44	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	0-5
28377603-0	2017	HMGB1-TLR4-IL23-IL17A axis promotes paraquat-induced acute lung injury by mediating neutrophil infiltration in mice.	Paraquat	36-44	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	6-10
28377603-0	2017	HMGB1-TLR4-IL23-IL17A axis promotes paraquat-induced acute lung injury by mediating neutrophil infiltration in mice.	Paraquat	36-44	interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19	Mus musculus	11-15
28377603-0	2017	HMGB1-TLR4-IL23-IL17A axis promotes paraquat-induced acute lung injury by mediating neutrophil infiltration in mice.	Paraquat	36-44	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	16-21
28377603-3	2017	In this study, we demonstrated the significance of the signaling cascade from high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-23 (IL-23), and lastly to IL-17A during the paraquat-induced neutrophil infiltration and the subsequent lung injury in mice.	Paraquat	201-209	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	78-103
28377603-3	2017	In this study, we demonstrated the significance of the signaling cascade from high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-23 (IL-23), and lastly to IL-17A during the paraquat-induced neutrophil infiltration and the subsequent lung injury in mice.	Paraquat	201-209	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	105-110
28377603-3	2017	In this study, we demonstrated the significance of the signaling cascade from high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-23 (IL-23), and lastly to IL-17A during the paraquat-induced neutrophil infiltration and the subsequent lung injury in mice.	Paraquat	201-209	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	116-136
28377603-3	2017	In this study, we demonstrated the significance of the signaling cascade from high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-23 (IL-23), and lastly to IL-17A during the paraquat-induced neutrophil infiltration and the subsequent lung injury in mice.	Paraquat	201-209	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	138-142
28377603-3	2017	In this study, we demonstrated the significance of the signaling cascade from high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-23 (IL-23), and lastly to IL-17A during the paraquat-induced neutrophil infiltration and the subsequent lung injury in mice.	Paraquat	201-209	interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19	Mus musculus	145-159
28377603-3	2017	In this study, we demonstrated the significance of the signaling cascade from high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-23 (IL-23), and lastly to IL-17A during the paraquat-induced neutrophil infiltration and the subsequent lung injury in mice.	Paraquat	201-209	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	183-189
28377603-4	2017	Paraquat challenge significantly elevated serum levels of IL-17A and IL-23, the percentage of IL-17A-producing gammadeltaT cells in the lung, and the level of HMGB1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.	Paraquat	0-8	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	58-64
28377603-4	2017	Paraquat challenge significantly elevated serum levels of IL-17A and IL-23, the percentage of IL-17A-producing gammadeltaT cells in the lung, and the level of HMGB1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.	Paraquat	0-8	interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19	Mus musculus	69-74
28377603-4	2017	Paraquat challenge significantly elevated serum levels of IL-17A and IL-23, the percentage of IL-17A-producing gammadeltaT cells in the lung, and the level of HMGB1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.	Paraquat	0-8	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	94-100
28377603-4	2017	Paraquat challenge significantly elevated serum levels of IL-17A and IL-23, the percentage of IL-17A-producing gammadeltaT cells in the lung, and the level of HMGB1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.	Paraquat	0-8	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	159-164
28377603-6	2017	These novel findings not only reveal the critical role of HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-IL-17A axis in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced acute lung injury, but also provide promising therapeutic targets for treating paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	110-118	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	58-63
28377603-6	2017	These novel findings not only reveal the critical role of HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-IL-17A axis in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced acute lung injury, but also provide promising therapeutic targets for treating paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	110-118	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	64-68
28377603-6	2017	These novel findings not only reveal the critical role of HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-IL-17A axis in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced acute lung injury, but also provide promising therapeutic targets for treating paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	110-118	interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19	Mus musculus	69-74
28377603-6	2017	These novel findings not only reveal the critical role of HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-IL-17A axis in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced acute lung injury, but also provide promising therapeutic targets for treating paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	110-118	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	75-81
28377603-6	2017	These novel findings not only reveal the critical role of HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-IL-17A axis in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced acute lung injury, but also provide promising therapeutic targets for treating paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	206-214	high mobility group box 1	Mus musculus	58-63
28377603-6	2017	These novel findings not only reveal the critical role of HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-IL-17A axis in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced acute lung injury, but also provide promising therapeutic targets for treating paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	206-214	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	64-68
28377603-6	2017	These novel findings not only reveal the critical role of HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-IL-17A axis in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced acute lung injury, but also provide promising therapeutic targets for treating paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	206-214	interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19	Mus musculus	69-74
28377603-6	2017	These novel findings not only reveal the critical role of HMGB1-TLR4-IL-23-IL-17A axis in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced acute lung injury, but also provide promising therapeutic targets for treating paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	206-214	interleukin 17A	Mus musculus	75-81
28077425-3	2017	NME1-knockout mice died sooner, suffered greater hepatocyte injury, and had lower superoxide dismutase activity than did wild-type (WT) mice in response to paraquat-induced acute oxidative stress.	Paraquat	156-164	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1	Mus musculus	0-4
28077425-4	2017	Deletion of NME1 reduced total NDPK activity and exacerbated activation of the stress-related MAPK, JNK, in the liver in response to paraquat.	Paraquat	133-141	NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1	Mus musculus	12-16
28077425-4	2017	Deletion of NME1 reduced total NDPK activity and exacerbated activation of the stress-related MAPK, JNK, in the liver in response to paraquat.	Paraquat	133-141	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	100-103
28202386-7	2017	We found that PQ and Mb co-exposure induced activation of NADPH oxidase as shown by increased superoxide production and membrane translocation of p47phox, a cytosolic subunit of NADPH oxidase.	Paraquat	14-16	neutrophil cytosolic factor 1	Mus musculus	146-153
28446034-3	2017	In this study, we found that the SDS-resistant irreversible dimer of DJ-1 protein was formed in human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells when the cells were exposed to massive superoxide inducers such as paraquat and diquat.	Paraquat	210-218	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	69-73
28012437-10	2017	Indeed, DNA fragmentation and -oxidation were strongly increased in the stressed Atg7 deficient cells upon PQ stress but also after oxidizing ultraviolet A irradiation.	Paraquat	107-109	autophagy related 7	Mus musculus	81-85
28012437-12	2017	Similarly, in both, PQ treated mouse tail skin explants and in UVA irradiated mouse tail skin, we found a strong increase in gammaH2AX positive nuclei within the basal layer of Atg7 deficient epidermis.	Paraquat	20-22	H2A.X variant histone	Mus musculus	125-134
28012437-12	2017	Similarly, in both, PQ treated mouse tail skin explants and in UVA irradiated mouse tail skin, we found a strong increase in gammaH2AX positive nuclei within the basal layer of Atg7 deficient epidermis.	Paraquat	20-22	autophagy related 7	Mus musculus	177-181
28115273-10	2017	The redox signaling molecule nuclear factor erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf2) was upregulated in response to paraquat challenge.	Paraquat	109-117	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	29-70
28264041-9	2017	CONCLUSION: Bans of paraquat, dimethoate and fenthion in Sri Lanka were associated with a reduction in pesticide suicide mortality and in overall suicide mortality despite a small rise in other methods.	Paraquat	20-28	sorcin	Homo sapiens	57-60
28115273-10	2017	The redox signaling molecule nuclear factor erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf2) was upregulated in response to paraquat challenge.	Paraquat	109-117	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	72-76
28115273-0	2017	Ablation of Akt2 prevents paraquat-induced myocardial mitochondrial injury and contractile dysfunction: Role of Nrf2.	Paraquat	26-34	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 2	Mus musculus	12-16
28115273-11	2017	Findings from in vitro study revealed that stimulation of Nrf2 using sulforaphane (10muM) negated Akt2 ablation-offered beneficial effect against paraquat whereas inhibition of Nrf2 using luteolin (20muM) mimicked Akt2 ablation-induced beneficial effect against paraquat challenge.	Paraquat	146-154	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	58-62
28115273-0	2017	Ablation of Akt2 prevents paraquat-induced myocardial mitochondrial injury and contractile dysfunction: Role of Nrf2.	Paraquat	26-34	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	112-116
28115273-4	2017	To this end, this study was designed to examine the role of Akt2 in acute paraquat exposure-induced cardiac contractile and mitochondrial injury using a unique murine model of Akt2 knockout.	Paraquat	74-82	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 2	Mus musculus	60-64
28115273-7	2017	Our results revealed compromised echocardiographic, contractile and intracellular Ca2+ handling properties along with overt mitochondrial damage (reduced levels of PGC-1alpha, aconitase, citrate synthase activity and NAD+) in mice challenged with paraquat (45mg/kg, single injection, i.p.	Paraquat	247-255	peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha	Mus musculus	164-174
28131803-0	2017	MyD88 gene knockout attenuates paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	31-39	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	0-5
28131803-1	2017	OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the role of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in paraquat-induced acute lung injury (ALI).	Paraquat	92-100	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	47-80
28131803-1	2017	OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the role of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in paraquat-induced acute lung injury (ALI).	Paraquat	92-100	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	82-87
28131803-9	2017	RESULTS: Paraquat poisoning significantly increased serum inflammatory cytokines, as well as MyD88, TLR4, TLR9, and NF-kappaB, and resulted in ALI.	Paraquat	9-17	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	93-98
28115273-11	2017	Findings from in vitro study revealed that stimulation of Nrf2 using sulforaphane (10muM) negated Akt2 ablation-offered beneficial effect against paraquat whereas inhibition of Nrf2 using luteolin (20muM) mimicked Akt2 ablation-induced beneficial effect against paraquat challenge.	Paraquat	146-154	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 2	Mus musculus	98-102
28131803-9	2017	RESULTS: Paraquat poisoning significantly increased serum inflammatory cytokines, as well as MyD88, TLR4, TLR9, and NF-kappaB, and resulted in ALI.	Paraquat	9-17	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	100-104
28115273-11	2017	Findings from in vitro study revealed that stimulation of Nrf2 using sulforaphane (10muM) negated Akt2 ablation-offered beneficial effect against paraquat whereas inhibition of Nrf2 using luteolin (20muM) mimicked Akt2 ablation-induced beneficial effect against paraquat challenge.	Paraquat	262-270	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	58-62
28131803-9	2017	RESULTS: Paraquat poisoning significantly increased serum inflammatory cytokines, as well as MyD88, TLR4, TLR9, and NF-kappaB, and resulted in ALI.	Paraquat	9-17	toll-like receptor 9	Mus musculus	106-110
28115273-11	2017	Findings from in vitro study revealed that stimulation of Nrf2 using sulforaphane (10muM) negated Akt2 ablation-offered beneficial effect against paraquat whereas inhibition of Nrf2 using luteolin (20muM) mimicked Akt2 ablation-induced beneficial effect against paraquat challenge.	Paraquat	262-270	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 2	Mus musculus	98-102
28131803-9	2017	RESULTS: Paraquat poisoning significantly increased serum inflammatory cytokines, as well as MyD88, TLR4, TLR9, and NF-kappaB, and resulted in ALI.	Paraquat	9-17	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	116-125
28131803-11	2017	CONCLUSION: MyD88 mediates paraquat-induced ALI, and MyD88 gene knockout may attenuate paraquat-induced ALI and reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines.	Paraquat	27-35	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	12-17
28115273-12	2017	Taken together, our data indicate that Akt2 ablation may protect against paraquat toxicity-induced cardiac contractile defect and apoptosis possibly via regulation of Nrf2 activation and mitochondrial homeostasis.	Paraquat	73-81	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 2	Mus musculus	39-43
28131803-11	2017	CONCLUSION: MyD88 mediates paraquat-induced ALI, and MyD88 gene knockout may attenuate paraquat-induced ALI and reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines.	Paraquat	87-95	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	53-58
28115273-7	2017	Our results revealed compromised echocardiographic, contractile and intracellular Ca2+ handling properties along with overt mitochondrial damage (reduced levels of PGC-1alpha, aconitase, citrate synthase activity and NAD+) in mice challenged with paraquat (45mg/kg, single injection, i.p.	Paraquat	247-255	citrate synthase	Mus musculus	187-203
28115273-9	2017	Paraquat triggered O2- production, lipid peroxidation and apoptosis as evidenced by increased DHE staining, 4-HNE, caspase-3 activity, Bax and reduced Bcl-2 levels in association with unchanged ER stress.	Paraquat	0-8	caspase 3	Mus musculus	115-124
28115273-12	2017	Taken together, our data indicate that Akt2 ablation may protect against paraquat toxicity-induced cardiac contractile defect and apoptosis possibly via regulation of Nrf2 activation and mitochondrial homeostasis.	Paraquat	73-81	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	167-171
28115273-9	2017	Paraquat triggered O2- production, lipid peroxidation and apoptosis as evidenced by increased DHE staining, 4-HNE, caspase-3 activity, Bax and reduced Bcl-2 levels in association with unchanged ER stress.	Paraquat	0-8	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	135-138
28115273-9	2017	Paraquat triggered O2- production, lipid peroxidation and apoptosis as evidenced by increased DHE staining, 4-HNE, caspase-3 activity, Bax and reduced Bcl-2 levels in association with unchanged ER stress.	Paraquat	0-8	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	151-156
30090494-5	2017	Exposure to 50 or 200 muM paraquat for 24 h elevated the release of interleukin 8 and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Paraquat	26-34	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	68-81
28025796-7	2017	Conversely, an iNOS inhibitor, aminoguanidine, mitigated MB+PQ-induced LPO, nitrite, iNOS, and nitro-tyrosine levels; however, no change was observed in ROS, SOD, and XO.	Paraquat	60-62	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	85-89
28041945-0	2017	Knockdown transgenic Lrrk Drosophila resists paraquat-induced locomotor impairment and neurodegeneration: A therapeutic strategy for Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	45-53	Leucine-rich repeat kinase	Drosophila melanogaster	21-25
28041945-3	2017	We demonstrate that knocking down (KD) the Lrrk gene by RNAi in DAergic neurons untreated or treated with paraquat (PQ) neither affected the number of DAergic clusters, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein levels, lifespan nor locomotor activity when compared to control (i.e. TH/+) flies.	Paraquat	106-114	Leucine-rich repeat kinase	Drosophila melanogaster	43-47
28041945-3	2017	We demonstrate that knocking down (KD) the Lrrk gene by RNAi in DAergic neurons untreated or treated with paraquat (PQ) neither affected the number of DAergic clusters, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein levels, lifespan nor locomotor activity when compared to control (i.e. TH/+) flies.	Paraquat	116-118	Leucine-rich repeat kinase	Drosophila melanogaster	43-47
28041945-5	2017	Most importantly, KD Lrrk flies had reduced lipid peroxidation (LPO) index alone or in presence of PQ and the antioxidant minocycline (MC, 0.5mM).	Paraquat	99-101	Leucine-rich repeat kinase	Drosophila melanogaster	21-25
27919828-10	2017	PQ-treatment increased nitrite content, expression of iNOS and lipid peroxidation compared to respective controls.	Paraquat	0-2	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	54-58
28073401-8	2017	Additionally, exposure to MV resulted in the activation of complete antioxidant machinery comprising superoxide dismutases, catalases, mycothiol biosynthesis, mycothione reductase and alkyl hydroperoxide reductases, among others.	Paraquat	26-28	reductase	Rhodococcus jostii RHA1	170-179
28025796-0	2017	IFN-gamma regulates xanthine oxidase-mediated iNOS-independent oxidative stress in maneb- and paraquat-treated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Paraquat	94-102	interferon gamma	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
28025796-0	2017	IFN-gamma regulates xanthine oxidase-mediated iNOS-independent oxidative stress in maneb- and paraquat-treated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Paraquat	94-102	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	46-50
28025796-5	2017	MB+PQ-augmented reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide, nitro-tyrosine, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and nitrite levels along with the catalytic activity of iNOS, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and XO.	Paraquat	3-5	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	157-161
28041945-8	2017	Our data also indicate that reduced expression of Lrrk in the DAergic neurons of transgenic TH&gt;Lrrk-RNAi/+ flies conferred PQ resistance and absence of neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	126-128	Leucine-rich repeat kinase	Drosophila melanogaster	50-54
28041945-8	2017	Our data also indicate that reduced expression of Lrrk in the DAergic neurons of transgenic TH&gt;Lrrk-RNAi/+ flies conferred PQ resistance and absence of neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	126-128	Leucine-rich repeat kinase	Drosophila melanogaster	98-102
30090494-5	2017	Exposure to 50 or 200 muM paraquat for 24 h elevated the release of interleukin 8 and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.	Paraquat	26-34	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	105-132
27442881-2	2017	The present study was designed to examine the impact of ablation of the innate proinflammatory mediator toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in paraquat-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms involved with a focus on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis.	Paraquat	135-143	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	104-124
27442881-2	2017	The present study was designed to examine the impact of ablation of the innate proinflammatory mediator toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in paraquat-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms involved with a focus on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis.	Paraquat	135-143	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	126-130
27442881-6	2017	Although TLR4 ablation did not affect mechanical properties in the heart, it significantly attenuated or ablated paraquat-induced cardiac contractile anomalies.	Paraquat	113-121	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	9-13
27442881-8	2017	Taken together, our results suggested that TLR4 ablation alleviated paraquat-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction possibly through attenuation of ER stress, apoptosis and inflammation.	Paraquat	68-76	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	43-47
27883937-0	2017	Atorvastatin protected from paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in alveolar macrophages via down-regulation of TLR-4.	Paraquat	28-36	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	105-110
27890776-9	2017	EGCG inhibited the activation of NF-kappaB and the upregulation of TLR 2, 4 and 9 as well as their adaptors MyD88 and TRAF6 in the lungs following PQ challenge.	Paraquat	147-149	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	33-42
27890776-9	2017	EGCG inhibited the activation of NF-kappaB and the upregulation of TLR 2, 4 and 9 as well as their adaptors MyD88 and TRAF6 in the lungs following PQ challenge.	Paraquat	147-149	myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88	Mus musculus	108-113
27890776-9	2017	EGCG inhibited the activation of NF-kappaB and the upregulation of TLR 2, 4 and 9 as well as their adaptors MyD88 and TRAF6 in the lungs following PQ challenge.	Paraquat	147-149	TNF receptor-associated factor 6	Mus musculus	118-123
27890776-10	2017	In addition, EGCG significantly reduced PQ-induced cell death, cytokine production, activation of NF-kappaB, and upregulation of TLRs and adaptors in A549 cells.	Paraquat	40-42	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	98-107
27890776-11	2017	SIGNIFICANCE: Our data suggest that TLR-mediated activation of NF-kappaB in the non-immune pulmonary cells could be involved in PQ-induced acute lung injury, and it may serve as a target of EGCG against PQ pulmonary toxicity.	Paraquat	128-130	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	63-72
27890776-11	2017	SIGNIFICANCE: Our data suggest that TLR-mediated activation of NF-kappaB in the non-immune pulmonary cells could be involved in PQ-induced acute lung injury, and it may serve as a target of EGCG against PQ pulmonary toxicity.	Paraquat	203-205	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	63-72
28194150-0	2016	Epigenetic Regulation of Interleukin 6 by Histone Acetylation in Macrophages and Its Role in Paraquat-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis.	Paraquat	93-101	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	25-38
28194150-6	2016	In PQ-treated lungs and macrophages, we found that the mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 was robustly increased in a time-dependent and a dose-dependent manner.	Paraquat	3-5	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	86-90
28194150-7	2016	Our data demonstrated that PQ-induced IL-6 expression in macrophages plays a central role in pulmonary fibrosis through enhanced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).	Paraquat	27-29	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	38-42
28194150-8	2016	IL-6 expression and its role to enhance PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis were increased by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition and prevented by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibition.	Paraquat	40-42	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	0-4
28194150-8	2016	IL-6 expression and its role to enhance PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis were increased by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition and prevented by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibition.	Paraquat	40-42	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	88-107
28194150-8	2016	IL-6 expression and its role to enhance PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis were increased by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition and prevented by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibition.	Paraquat	40-42	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	109-113
28194150-11	2016	In conclusion, IL-6 functioning through EMT in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis was regulated dynamically by HDAC and HAT both in vitro and in vivo via epigenetically regulating chromatin accessibility.	Paraquat	47-49	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	15-19
28194150-11	2016	In conclusion, IL-6 functioning through EMT in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis was regulated dynamically by HDAC and HAT both in vitro and in vivo via epigenetically regulating chromatin accessibility.	Paraquat	47-49	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	106-110
28480221-0	2017	Liver X Receptor Agonist TO901317 Attenuates Paraquat-Induced Acute Lung Injury through Inhibition of NF-kappaB and JNK/p38 MAPK Signal Pathways.	Paraquat	45-53	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3	Mus musculus	0-16
28480221-0	2017	Liver X Receptor Agonist TO901317 Attenuates Paraquat-Induced Acute Lung Injury through Inhibition of NF-kappaB and JNK/p38 MAPK Signal Pathways.	Paraquat	45-53	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	102-111
28480221-0	2017	Liver X Receptor Agonist TO901317 Attenuates Paraquat-Induced Acute Lung Injury through Inhibition of NF-kappaB and JNK/p38 MAPK Signal Pathways.	Paraquat	45-53	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	116-119
28480221-0	2017	Liver X Receptor Agonist TO901317 Attenuates Paraquat-Induced Acute Lung Injury through Inhibition of NF-kappaB and JNK/p38 MAPK Signal Pathways.	Paraquat	45-53	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	120-123
28480221-5	2017	PQ administration also decreased activity of antioxidases, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and increased lipid peroxidation as evaluated by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.	Paraquat	0-2	catalase	Mus musculus	97-105
28480221-5	2017	PQ administration also decreased activity of antioxidases, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and increased lipid peroxidation as evaluated by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.	Paraquat	0-2	catalase	Mus musculus	107-110
28480221-6	2017	PQ exposure induced upregulation of the proapoptotic gene Bax and downregulation of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2, leading to marked cell apoptosis in the lung tissues.	Paraquat	0-2	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	58-61
28480221-6	2017	PQ exposure induced upregulation of the proapoptotic gene Bax and downregulation of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2, leading to marked cell apoptosis in the lung tissues.	Paraquat	0-2	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	107-112
28480221-7	2017	TO901317 treatment reversed all these effects through inhibition of PQ-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and JNK/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation.	Paraquat	68-70	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	79-101
28480221-7	2017	TO901317 treatment reversed all these effects through inhibition of PQ-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and JNK/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation.	Paraquat	68-70	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	103-112
28480221-8	2017	The LXR agonist TO901317 had potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects against PQ-induced ALI.	Paraquat	102-104	nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3	Mus musculus	4-7
28849990-3	2017	The aim of this study was to examine if diet supplementation with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA and DHA, omega-3 long-chain fatty acids) serves a protective mechanism against neuromuscular dysfunctions mediated by PQ using Drosophila melanogaster as a model with focus on mitochondrial metabolism.	Paraquat	232-234	Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory subunit type 2	Drosophila melanogaster	110-153
27883937-4	2017	Expression of TLR-4 at mRNA and protein levels were studied by using PCR and western blot methods Atorvastatin enhanced the paraquat-reduced cell viability and reduced the paraquat-induced myeloperoxidase activity and nitric oxide production.	Paraquat	124-132	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	14-19
27883937-7	2017	Additionally, atorvastatin cytoprotective effects on paraquat-induced cytotoxicity partly attribute to its anti-myeloperoxidase, antioxidant properties, which might be regulated via TLR-4 expression.	Paraquat	53-61	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	112-127
27883937-7	2017	Additionally, atorvastatin cytoprotective effects on paraquat-induced cytotoxicity partly attribute to its anti-myeloperoxidase, antioxidant properties, which might be regulated via TLR-4 expression.	Paraquat	53-61	toll like receptor 4	Homo sapiens	182-187
28849990-15	2017	In conclusion, diet supplementation with EPA/DHA appears to protect D. melanogaster muscular and neuronal tissues against PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	122-124	Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory subunit type 2	Drosophila melanogaster	41-44
28849990-7	2017	In the thorax, PQ ingestion lowered citrate synthase activity and respiratory functions indicating a reduction in mitochondrial content.	Paraquat	15-17	knockdown	Drosophila melanogaster	36-52
28849990-8	2017	PQ elevated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) mRNA expression levels, indicative of high calcium influx from cytosol to mitochondrial matrix.	Paraquat	0-2	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II	Drosophila melanogaster	12-55
28849990-8	2017	PQ elevated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) mRNA expression levels, indicative of high calcium influx from cytosol to mitochondrial matrix.	Paraquat	0-2	Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II	Drosophila melanogaster	57-63
28849990-9	2017	In brain and thorax, PQ also increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and impaired acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity.	Paraquat	21-23	Acetylcholine esterase	Drosophila melanogaster	88-108
28849990-9	2017	In brain and thorax, PQ also increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and impaired acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity.	Paraquat	21-23	Acetylcholine esterase	Drosophila melanogaster	110-114
27619518-9	2016	Treatment of mice with carvedilol decreased paraquat-induced expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB).	Paraquat	44-52	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	75-97
29201275-11	2017	Furthermore, Res and/or MK reversed PQ-induced apoptosis assessed by differential expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2.	Paraquat	36-38	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	110-115
28123623-8	2017	Moreover, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNA levels were significantly higher in the paraquat group (P&lt;0.01, respectively).	Paraquat	98-106	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	10-32
28123623-8	2017	Moreover, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNA levels were significantly higher in the paraquat group (P&lt;0.01, respectively).	Paraquat	98-106	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
28123623-8	2017	Moreover, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNA levels were significantly higher in the paraquat group (P&lt;0.01, respectively).	Paraquat	98-106	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	43-52
27994615-3	2016	Here, we show that SiR functions in methyl viologen (MV)-induced oxidative stress in Arabidopsis.	Paraquat	36-51	sulfite reductase	Arabidopsis thaliana	19-22
29201275-10	2017	Res and/or MK significantly reduced PQ-induced inflammation reflected in TNF-alpha levels.	Paraquat	36-38	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	73-82
29201275-11	2017	Furthermore, Res and/or MK reversed PQ-induced apoptosis assessed by differential expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2.	Paraquat	36-38	transformation related protein 53, pseudogene	Mus musculus	96-99
29201275-11	2017	Furthermore, Res and/or MK reversed PQ-induced apoptosis assessed by differential expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2.	Paraquat	36-38	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	101-104
27619518-9	2016	Treatment of mice with carvedilol decreased paraquat-induced expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB).	Paraquat	44-52	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	99-108
27624060-8	2016	H2 decreases PQ-induced ROS production and attenuates early PQ-induced TNF-alpha production whereas SAHA reduces the late phase of the PQ-induced TNF-alpha production in macrophages.	Paraquat	60-62	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	71-80
26860689-0	2016	Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate attenuates paraquat-induced acute pulmonary poisoning in vivo via transforming growth factor beta1 and nuclear factor kappaB pathway interaction.	Paraquat	39-47	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	94-126
26860689-6	2016	The serum levels of TGF-beta1 and the hydroxyproline levels in the PQ group were significantly increased in a time-dependent manner compared with those in the control and PQ + PDTC groups on days 7, 14, 28, and 56 (p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	67-69	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	20-29
26860689-8	2016	The present findings suggest that overexpression of TGF-beta1 may play an important role in PQ-induced lung injury and that PDTC, a strong NF-kappaB inhibitor, can rescue PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis by influencing the protein expression of NF-kappaB pathway.	Paraquat	92-94	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	52-61
27624060-0	2016	The Effects of Molecular Hydrogen and Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid on Paraquat-Induced Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and TNF-alpha in Macrophages.	Paraquat	73-81	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	132-141
27624060-1	2016	The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of molecular hydrogen (H2) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on paraquat (PQ)-stimulated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in macrophages.	Paraquat	159-167	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	232-259
27624060-1	2016	The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of molecular hydrogen (H2) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on paraquat (PQ)-stimulated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in macrophages.	Paraquat	159-167	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	261-270
27624060-1	2016	The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of molecular hydrogen (H2) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on paraquat (PQ)-stimulated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in macrophages.	Paraquat	169-171	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	232-259
27624060-1	2016	The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of molecular hydrogen (H2) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on paraquat (PQ)-stimulated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in macrophages.	Paraquat	169-171	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	261-270
27624060-6	2016	H2 and H2 combined with SAHA evoked a greater reduction in PQ-induced ROS production than SAHA alone, especially at 2 and 8 h. At 1 and 2 h, treatments involving H2 caused a greater decrease in PQ-induced production of TNF-alpha than the corresponding treatments without H2.	Paraquat	59-61	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	219-228
27624060-6	2016	H2 and H2 combined with SAHA evoked a greater reduction in PQ-induced ROS production than SAHA alone, especially at 2 and 8 h. At 1 and 2 h, treatments involving H2 caused a greater decrease in PQ-induced production of TNF-alpha than the corresponding treatments without H2.	Paraquat	194-196	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	219-228
27624060-8	2016	H2 decreases PQ-induced ROS production and attenuates early PQ-induced TNF-alpha production whereas SAHA reduces the late phase of the PQ-induced TNF-alpha production in macrophages.	Paraquat	60-62	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	71-80
26129822-0	2016	Inhibition of connective tissue growth factor attenuates paraquat-induced lung fibrosis in a human MRC-5 cell line.	Paraquat	57-65	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	14-45
28043264-0	2016	[The effects of P - glycoprotein expression induced by ulinastatin on HK - 2 cells damage induced by paraquat].	Paraquat	101-109	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	55-66
28043264-1	2016	Objective: To investigate the protective effect of P-glycoprotein up-regulated by ulinastatin (UTI) on HK-2 cells during paraquat (PQ) -induced injury and its underlying mechanisms.	Paraquat	121-129	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	51-65
28043264-1	2016	Objective: To investigate the protective effect of P-glycoprotein up-regulated by ulinastatin (UTI) on HK-2 cells during paraquat (PQ) -induced injury and its underlying mechanisms.	Paraquat	121-129	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	82-93
28043264-1	2016	Objective: To investigate the protective effect of P-glycoprotein up-regulated by ulinastatin (UTI) on HK-2 cells during paraquat (PQ) -induced injury and its underlying mechanisms.	Paraquat	121-129	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	95-98
28043264-1	2016	Objective: To investigate the protective effect of P-glycoprotein up-regulated by ulinastatin (UTI) on HK-2 cells during paraquat (PQ) -induced injury and its underlying mechanisms.	Paraquat	131-133	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	51-65
28043264-1	2016	Objective: To investigate the protective effect of P-glycoprotein up-regulated by ulinastatin (UTI) on HK-2 cells during paraquat (PQ) -induced injury and its underlying mechanisms.	Paraquat	131-133	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	82-93
28043264-1	2016	Objective: To investigate the protective effect of P-glycoprotein up-regulated by ulinastatin (UTI) on HK-2 cells during paraquat (PQ) -induced injury and its underlying mechanisms.	Paraquat	131-133	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	95-98
28043264-7	2016	After 800 mumol/L PQ treatment, the changes of P-gp protein levels in the HK-2 cells were determined by West-ern-blot (WB) .	Paraquat	18-20	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	47-51
28043264-9	2016	Results: Compared with the normal control group, the P-gp expression of PQ group had no significantly changes (P&gt;0.05) .	Paraquat	72-74	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	53-57
28043264-10	2016	Compared with the PQ group, the P-gp expression of UTI+PQ group significantly increased (P&gt;0.05) .	Paraquat	18-20	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	32-36
28043264-10	2016	Compared with the PQ group, the P-gp expression of UTI+PQ group significantly increased (P&gt;0.05) .	Paraquat	18-20	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	51-54
28043264-10	2016	Compared with the PQ group, the P-gp expression of UTI+PQ group significantly increased (P&gt;0.05) .	Paraquat	55-57	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Homo sapiens	32-36
28043264-10	2016	Compared with the PQ group, the P-gp expression of UTI+PQ group significantly increased (P&gt;0.05) .	Paraquat	55-57	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	51-54
28043264-14	2016	Conclusion: UTI significantly reduced the accumulation of PQ in HK-2 cells and increased the viability of HK-2 cells in vitro may be not by increased P-gp activity.	Paraquat	58-60	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	12-15
28043264-15	2016	UTI could significantly reduce HK-2 cell injury induced by PQ in vitro and improve the survival rate of HK-2 cells.	Paraquat	59-61	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	0-3
25873302-8	2016	The data showed that PQ-induced epithelial RLE-6NT cells to develop mesenchymal cell characteristics, as indicated by a significant decrease in the epithelial marker E-cadherin and a significant increase in the extracellular matrix (ECM) marker alpha-smooth muscle actin in a dose and time-dependent manner.	Paraquat	21-23	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	166-176
25873302-9	2016	Moreover, PQ-treated RLE-6NT cells had an EMT-like phenotype with elevated expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and COL I and COL III and enhanced migration ability.	Paraquat	10-12	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Homo sapiens	89-94
25873302-9	2016	Moreover, PQ-treated RLE-6NT cells had an EMT-like phenotype with elevated expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and COL I and COL III and enhanced migration ability.	Paraquat	10-12	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Homo sapiens	96-101
25873302-10	2016	Signal pathway analysis revealed that PQ-induced EMT led to ERK-1 and Smad2 phosphorylation through activation of the MAPK pathway.	Paraquat	38-40	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	60-65
27861562-9	2016	Furthermore, reduced levels of Digitor/dASCIZ decreased the resistance to paraquat-induced oxidative stress resulting in increased mortality in a stress test paradigm.	Paraquat	74-82	ASCIZ zinc finger protein	Drosophila melanogaster	39-45
27891135-6	2016	Here we report that Arabidopsis thaliana GSNOR activity is reversibly inhibited by H2O2in vitro and by paraquat-induced oxidative stress in vivo.	Paraquat	103-111	GroES-like zinc-binding dehydrogenase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	41-46
25873302-10	2016	Signal pathway analysis revealed that PQ-induced EMT led to ERK-1 and Smad2 phosphorylation through activation of the MAPK pathway.	Paraquat	38-40	SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens	70-75
26129822-3	2016	We investigated thus whether knock down of CTGF can prevent human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) activation and proliferation with the subsequent inhibition of PQ-induced fibrosis.	Paraquat	154-156	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	43-47
26129822-8	2016	Over expression of CTGF mRNA was observed in human MRC-5 cell as early as 6 h following PQ stimulation.	Paraquat	88-90	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	19-23
26129822-11	2016	Our results suggest that CTGF promoted the development of PQ-induced lung fibrosis in collaboration with transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1).	Paraquat	58-60	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	25-29
26129822-12	2016	Furthermore, the observed arresting effects of CTGF knock down during this process suggested that CTGF is the potential target site for preventing PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	147-149	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	47-51
26129822-12	2016	Furthermore, the observed arresting effects of CTGF knock down during this process suggested that CTGF is the potential target site for preventing PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	147-149	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	98-102
27747000-9	2016	CONCLUSIONS: SAHA repressed PQ-induced lung fibrosis via preventing Smad7 from deacetylation.	Paraquat	28-30	SMAD family member 7	Rattus norvegicus	68-73
27507327-0	2016	Salvianolic acid B protects against paraquat-induced pulmonary injury by mediating Nrf2/Nox4 redox balance and TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling.	Paraquat	36-44	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	83-87
27507327-0	2016	Salvianolic acid B protects against paraquat-induced pulmonary injury by mediating Nrf2/Nox4 redox balance and TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling.	Paraquat	36-44	NADPH oxidase 4	Mus musculus	88-92
27507327-0	2016	Salvianolic acid B protects against paraquat-induced pulmonary injury by mediating Nrf2/Nox4 redox balance and TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling.	Paraquat	36-44	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	111-120
27507327-0	2016	Salvianolic acid B protects against paraquat-induced pulmonary injury by mediating Nrf2/Nox4 redox balance and TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling.	Paraquat	36-44	SMAD family member 3	Mus musculus	121-126
27866548-0	2016	[Effect of heme oxygenase-1 transduced by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 on renal injury in rats with acute paraquat poisoning].	Paraquat	108-116	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	11-27
27866548-0	2016	[Effect of heme oxygenase-1 transduced by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 on renal injury in rats with acute paraquat poisoning].	Paraquat	108-116	neuronal vesicle trafficking associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	67-72
27866548-1	2016	Objective: To study the effects of heme oxygenase-1 transduced by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 on renal injury in acute paraquat-induced rats.	Paraquat	122-130	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-51
27866548-18	2016	Conclusion: The HO-1 protein Can be successfully transduced into renal tissue by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 and the transduced HO-1 protein reduces renal injury of the acute paraquat-induced rats by inhibiting lipid peroxidation response.	Paraquat	178-186	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
27866548-18	2016	Conclusion: The HO-1 protein Can be successfully transduced into renal tissue by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 and the transduced HO-1 protein reduces renal injury of the acute paraquat-induced rats by inhibiting lipid peroxidation response.	Paraquat	178-186	neuronal vesicle trafficking associated 1	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
27866548-18	2016	Conclusion: The HO-1 protein Can be successfully transduced into renal tissue by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 and the transduced HO-1 protein reduces renal injury of the acute paraquat-induced rats by inhibiting lipid peroxidation response.	Paraquat	178-186	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
29903082-10	2016	Moreover, the content of MDA and LDH were increased, but the activity of SOD was decreased in lung tissues, and the activity of MPO were increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in rats treated with paraquat.	Paraquat	200-208	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	128-131
29903082-18	2016	Moreover, the activity of MPO in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was decreased in paraquat exposure rats with methylene blue treatment.	Paraquat	79-87	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
27747000-0	2016	Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid attenuates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by preventing Smad7 from deacetylation in rats.	Paraquat	43-51	SMAD family member 7	Rattus norvegicus	93-98
27747000-3	2016	In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of SAHA in attenuating pulmonary fibrosis by regulating stability of Smad7 in paraquat (PQ)-induced lung fibrosis animal model and cultured pulmonary fibroblasts.	Paraquat	133-141	SMAD family member 7	Rattus norvegicus	124-129
27747000-6	2016	RESULTS: SAHA (histone deacetylase inhibitor, HDACi) suppressed PQ-induced lung fibrosis in rats by stabilizing Smad7 level, thus attenuating Smad3 activity, resulting in the inhibition of fibroblast differentiation and collagen expression.	Paraquat	64-66	SMAD family member 7	Rattus norvegicus	112-117
26864878-3	2016	An Arabidopsis thaliana mutant defective at the RADICAL-INDUCED CELL DEATH1 (RCD1) locus was resistant to paraquat-induced ROS accumulation in primary roots and showed decreased inhibition or root growth in response to serotonin.	Paraquat	106-114	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	48-75
26864878-3	2016	An Arabidopsis thaliana mutant defective at the RADICAL-INDUCED CELL DEATH1 (RCD1) locus was resistant to paraquat-induced ROS accumulation in primary roots and showed decreased inhibition or root growth in response to serotonin.	Paraquat	106-114	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	77-81
27545861-0	2016	Effect of MDR1 gene polymorphisms on mortality in paraquat intoxicated patients.	Paraquat	50-58	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	10-14
27246695-7	2016	Interestingly, TLR4 knockout significantly attenuated paraquat-induced cardiac contractile and intracellular Ca(2+) derangement as well as alterations of autophagy markers.	Paraquat	54-62	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	15-19
27246695-0	2016	Toll-like receptor 4 knockout alleviates paraquat-induced cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction through an autophagy-dependent mechanism.	Paraquat	41-49	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-20
27246695-2	2016	This study was designed to examine the role of the innate proinflammatory mediator toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in paraquat-induced cardiac contractile anomalies and the underlying mechanisms involved with a focus on autophagy, a conservative machinery governing protein and organelle degradation and recycling for cardiac homeostasis.	Paraquat	114-122	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	83-103
27246695-8	2016	Paraquat-elicited changes in cardiac autophagy markers (LC3BII, LC3BII-to-LC3BI ratio and p62) were augmented by lysosomal inhibition using bafilomycin A1 in WT mice.	Paraquat	0-8	nucleoporin 62	Mus musculus	90-93
27545861-2	2016	Previous studies have suggested that multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) might help remove paraquat from the lungs and the kidney.	Paraquat	93-101	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	37-67
27246695-9	2016	TLR4 knockout significantly attenuated or negated paraquat-elicited increase in LC3BII, LC3BII-to-LC3BI ratio and p62 levels in the presence of lysosomal inhibition.	Paraquat	50-58	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-4
27246695-2	2016	This study was designed to examine the role of the innate proinflammatory mediator toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in paraquat-induced cardiac contractile anomalies and the underlying mechanisms involved with a focus on autophagy, a conservative machinery governing protein and organelle degradation and recycling for cardiac homeostasis.	Paraquat	114-122	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	105-109
27545861-2	2016	Previous studies have suggested that multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) might help remove paraquat from the lungs and the kidney.	Paraquat	93-101	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	69-73
27246695-6	2016	Paraquat challenge elicited cardiac mechanical defects including compromised cardiomyocyte contractile function, intracellular Ca(2+) handling, and overt autophagy as manifested by increased LC3BII-to-LC3BI ratio, Atg5, Atg7 and p62 levels.	Paraquat	0-8	autophagy related 5	Mus musculus	214-218
27246695-6	2016	Paraquat challenge elicited cardiac mechanical defects including compromised cardiomyocyte contractile function, intracellular Ca(2+) handling, and overt autophagy as manifested by increased LC3BII-to-LC3BI ratio, Atg5, Atg7 and p62 levels.	Paraquat	0-8	autophagy related 7	Mus musculus	220-224
27246695-6	2016	Paraquat challenge elicited cardiac mechanical defects including compromised cardiomyocyte contractile function, intracellular Ca(2+) handling, and overt autophagy as manifested by increased LC3BII-to-LC3BI ratio, Atg5, Atg7 and p62 levels.	Paraquat	0-8	nucleoporin 62	Mus musculus	229-232
27246695-9	2016	TLR4 knockout significantly attenuated or negated paraquat-elicited increase in LC3BII, LC3BII-to-LC3BI ratio and p62 levels in the presence of lysosomal inhibition.	Paraquat	50-58	nucleoporin 62	Mus musculus	114-117
27246695-10	2016	In addition, paraquat challenge promoted phosphorylation of AMPK while suppressing the phosphorylation of mTOR and ULK1 (the autophagy inhibitory Ser(757)), the effects of which were significantly attenuated by TLR4 ablation.	Paraquat	13-21	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Mus musculus	106-110
27246695-10	2016	In addition, paraquat challenge promoted phosphorylation of AMPK while suppressing the phosphorylation of mTOR and ULK1 (the autophagy inhibitory Ser(757)), the effects of which were significantly attenuated by TLR4 ablation.	Paraquat	13-21	unc-51 like kinase 1	Mus musculus	115-119
27246695-10	2016	In addition, paraquat challenge promoted phosphorylation of AMPK while suppressing the phosphorylation of mTOR and ULK1 (the autophagy inhibitory Ser(757)), the effects of which were significantly attenuated by TLR4 ablation.	Paraquat	13-21	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	211-215
27545861-4	2016	The purpose of this study was to determine whether MDR1 SNPs were associated with the mortality in paraquat intoxicated patients.	Paraquat	99-107	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	51-55
27271689-4	2016	Here we aimed to evaluate the effects of PARP inhibition on PQ-induced lung damage in a rat experimental model.	Paraquat	60-62	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-45
27246695-11	2016	In vitro study revealed that AMPK activation using AICAR or mTOR inhibition using rapamycin effectively negated the beneficial cardiomyocyte mechanical effects of TLR4 inhibition (CLI-095) against paraquat toxicity, supporting a permissive role for AMPK-mTOR in TLR4 inhibition-offered cardioprotection against paraquat.	Paraquat	197-205	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Mus musculus	60-64
27246695-11	2016	In vitro study revealed that AMPK activation using AICAR or mTOR inhibition using rapamycin effectively negated the beneficial cardiomyocyte mechanical effects of TLR4 inhibition (CLI-095) against paraquat toxicity, supporting a permissive role for AMPK-mTOR in TLR4 inhibition-offered cardioprotection against paraquat.	Paraquat	197-205	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	163-167
27246695-11	2016	In vitro study revealed that AMPK activation using AICAR or mTOR inhibition using rapamycin effectively negated the beneficial cardiomyocyte mechanical effects of TLR4 inhibition (CLI-095) against paraquat toxicity, supporting a permissive role for AMPK-mTOR in TLR4 inhibition-offered cardioprotection against paraquat.	Paraquat	311-319	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	163-167
27246695-12	2016	Our results suggested that TLR4 knockout alleviated paraquat-induced cardiac dysfunction possibly through regulation of AMPK-mediated cardiac autophagy.	Paraquat	52-60	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	27-31
27271689-12	2016	CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that the use of PARP inhibitors following PQ toxicity might be useful for minimizing lung injury due to paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	76-78	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
27271689-12	2016	CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that the use of PARP inhibitors following PQ toxicity might be useful for minimizing lung injury due to paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	138-146	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
27404728-5	2016	Reduced sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, paraquat and camptothecin, reactive oxygen species content, and intracellular retention of selenium after selenomethionine treatment were observed in SBP1 shRNA HeLa cells.	Paraquat	42-50	selenium binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	192-196
27208630-5	2016	Fibroblasts from Surf1(-/-) mice are significantly more resistant to cell death caused by oxidative stress induced by paraquat or tert-Butyl hydroperoxide compared to cells from wild-type mice.	Paraquat	118-126	surfeit gene 1	Mus musculus	17-22
27208630-7	2016	The enhanced cell survival in response to paraquat or tert-Butyl hydroperoxide in Surf1(-/-) fibroblasts compared to wild-type fibroblasts is associated with induced expression of Lon, ClpP, and Hsp60, increased maximal respiration, and increased reserve capacity as measured using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer.	Paraquat	42-50	surfeit gene 1	Mus musculus	82-87
27208630-7	2016	The enhanced cell survival in response to paraquat or tert-Butyl hydroperoxide in Surf1(-/-) fibroblasts compared to wild-type fibroblasts is associated with induced expression of Lon, ClpP, and Hsp60, increased maximal respiration, and increased reserve capacity as measured using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer.	Paraquat	42-50	lon peptidase 1, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	180-183
27208630-7	2016	The enhanced cell survival in response to paraquat or tert-Butyl hydroperoxide in Surf1(-/-) fibroblasts compared to wild-type fibroblasts is associated with induced expression of Lon, ClpP, and Hsp60, increased maximal respiration, and increased reserve capacity as measured using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer.	Paraquat	42-50	caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase proteolytic subunit	Mus musculus	185-189
27208630-7	2016	The enhanced cell survival in response to paraquat or tert-Butyl hydroperoxide in Surf1(-/-) fibroblasts compared to wild-type fibroblasts is associated with induced expression of Lon, ClpP, and Hsp60, increased maximal respiration, and increased reserve capacity as measured using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer.	Paraquat	42-50	heat shock protein 1 (chaperonin)	Mus musculus	195-200
27374982-4	2016	Conversely, the Akh(1) AdoR(1) double mutant was more sensitive to PQ toxicity than either of the single mutants.	Paraquat	67-69	Adipokinetic hormone	Drosophila melanogaster	16-22
27374982-4	2016	Conversely, the Akh(1) AdoR(1) double mutant was more sensitive to PQ toxicity than either of the single mutants.	Paraquat	67-69	Adenosine receptor	Drosophila melanogaster	23-27
27374982-5	2016	Administration of PQ significantly increased the Drome-AKH level in w(1118) and AdoR(1) larvae; however, this was not accompanied by a simultaneous increase in Akh gene expression.	Paraquat	18-20	Adipokinetic hormone	Drosophila melanogaster	55-58
27374982-5	2016	Administration of PQ significantly increased the Drome-AKH level in w(1118) and AdoR(1) larvae; however, this was not accompanied by a simultaneous increase in Akh gene expression.	Paraquat	18-20	Adenosine receptor	Drosophila melanogaster	80-84
27374982-6	2016	In contrast, PQ significantly increased the expression of the glutathione S-transferase D1 (GstD1) gene.	Paraquat	13-15	Glutathione S transferase D1	Drosophila melanogaster	62-90
27374982-6	2016	In contrast, PQ significantly increased the expression of the glutathione S-transferase D1 (GstD1) gene.	Paraquat	13-15	Glutathione S transferase D1	Drosophila melanogaster	92-97
27374982-9	2016	In addition, the glutathione level was significantly lower in all untreated AKH- or AdoR-deficient mutant flies as compared with the untreated control w(1118) flies and further declined following treatment with PQ.	Paraquat	211-213	Adipokinetic hormone	Drosophila melanogaster	76-79
27374982-9	2016	In addition, the glutathione level was significantly lower in all untreated AKH- or AdoR-deficient mutant flies as compared with the untreated control w(1118) flies and further declined following treatment with PQ.	Paraquat	211-213	Adenosine receptor	Drosophila melanogaster	84-88
27374982-11	2016	Thus, the results of the present study demonstrate the important roles of AKH and adenosine in the anti-stress response elicited by PQ in a D. melanogaster model, and provide the first evidence for the involvement of adenosine in the anti-oxidative stress response in insects.	Paraquat	132-134	Adipokinetic hormone	Drosophila melanogaster	74-77
27261610-11	2016	RESULTS: The results showed that PQ could significantly increase the lung MDA, hydroxyproline, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and TGF-beta1 levels.	Paraquat	33-35	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	95-104
27261610-11	2016	RESULTS: The results showed that PQ could significantly increase the lung MDA, hydroxyproline, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and TGF-beta1 levels.	Paraquat	33-35	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	106-110
27261610-11	2016	RESULTS: The results showed that PQ could significantly increase the lung MDA, hydroxyproline, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and TGF-beta1 levels.	Paraquat	33-35	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	115-124
25952542-0	2016	Formation and Implications of Alpha-Synuclein Radical in Maneb- and Paraquat-Induced Models of Parkinson"s Disease.	Paraquat	68-76	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	30-45
26089164-0	2016	Cardiac-Specific Knockout of ETA Receptor Mitigates Paraquat-Induced Cardiac Contractile Dysfunction.	Paraquat	52-60	endothelin receptor type A	Mus musculus	29-32
26089164-3	2016	This study was designed to examine the role of endothelin receptor A (ETA) in paraquat-induced cardiac contractile and mitochondrial injury.	Paraquat	78-86	endothelin receptor type A	Mus musculus	47-68
26089164-3	2016	This study was designed to examine the role of endothelin receptor A (ETA) in paraquat-induced cardiac contractile and mitochondrial injury.	Paraquat	78-86	endothelin receptor type A	Mus musculus	70-73
26089164-9	2016	However, ETA receptor knockout ablated or significantly attenuated paraquat-induced cardiac contractile and intracellular Ca(2+) defect, apoptosis and mitochondrial damage.	Paraquat	67-75	endothelin receptor type A	Mus musculus	9-12
26089164-10	2016	Taken together, these findings revealed that endothelin system in particular the ETA receptor may be involved in paraquat-induced toxic myocardial contractile anomalies possibly related to apoptosis and mitochondrial damage.	Paraquat	113-121	endothelin receptor type A	Mus musculus	81-84
27140233-8	2016	In another set of experiments, control and rd1 mice were administered buthinine sulfoximine, a glutathione synthase inhibitor, or paraquat.	Paraquat	130-138	phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	43-46
27140233-16	2016	BSO administration decreases GSH retinal concentration in control and rd1 mice, while paraquat administration induced an increase in GSH retinal concentration in control mice and a decrease in GSH in rd1 mice retina.	Paraquat	86-94	phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	200-203
25952542-5	2016	Coexposure to Maneb and paraquat for 6 weeks resulted in active microgliosis, NADPH oxidase activation, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction, which culminated in protein radical formation in the midbrains of mice.	Paraquat	24-32	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	141-145
25952542-5	2016	Coexposure to Maneb and paraquat for 6 weeks resulted in active microgliosis, NADPH oxidase activation, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction, which culminated in protein radical formation in the midbrains of mice.	Paraquat	24-32	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	108-139
27324098-10	2016	Paradoxically, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) reversed the inhibition of progesterone synthesis only minimally although it strongly inhibited PQ stimulated iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	140-142	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	17-37
27220901-3	2016	Whether globular adiponectin (gAd), a potent molecule protective to mitochondria, regulates the mitochondrial function of alveolar type II cells to reduce PQ-induced ROS/RNS production remains to be investigated.	Paraquat	155-157	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	17-28
27324098-10	2016	Paradoxically, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) reversed the inhibition of progesterone synthesis only minimally although it strongly inhibited PQ stimulated iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	140-142	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
27277193-8	2016	In the lung, the liver and the skeletal muscle, PQ exposure also increased the contents of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, 8-hydroxy-2"-deoxyguanosine, superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as a structural remodelling compared to the control group.	Paraquat	48-50	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	180-188
26829122-6	2016	Oxidative stress and the metabolic processes of PQ-inducing excitotoxicity, alpha-synuclein aggregate formation, autophagy, alteration of dopamine catabolism, and inactivation of tyrosine hydroxylase are positioned as causes for the loss of dopaminergic cells.	Paraquat	48-50	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	76-91
25947082-5	2016	Knockdown of bax and/or bak blocked PQ-induced mitochondrial clusterization of Bax and/or Bak and cytotoxicity, demonstrating the significance of MAC which is composed of Bax and/or Bak.	Paraquat	36-38	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	13-16
25947082-5	2016	Knockdown of bax and/or bak blocked PQ-induced mitochondrial clusterization of Bax and/or Bak and cytotoxicity, demonstrating the significance of MAC which is composed of Bax and/or Bak.	Paraquat	36-38	BCL2 antagonist/killer 1	Homo sapiens	24-27
25947082-5	2016	Knockdown of bax and/or bak blocked PQ-induced mitochondrial clusterization of Bax and/or Bak and cytotoxicity, demonstrating the significance of MAC which is composed of Bax and/or Bak.	Paraquat	36-38	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	79-82
25947082-5	2016	Knockdown of bax and/or bak blocked PQ-induced mitochondrial clusterization of Bax and/or Bak and cytotoxicity, demonstrating the significance of MAC which is composed of Bax and/or Bak.	Paraquat	36-38	BCL2 antagonist/killer 1	Homo sapiens	90-93
25947082-5	2016	Knockdown of bax and/or bak blocked PQ-induced mitochondrial clusterization of Bax and/or Bak and cytotoxicity, demonstrating the significance of MAC which is composed of Bax and/or Bak.	Paraquat	36-38	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	171-174
25947082-5	2016	Knockdown of bax and/or bak blocked PQ-induced mitochondrial clusterization of Bax and/or Bak and cytotoxicity, demonstrating the significance of MAC which is composed of Bax and/or Bak.	Paraquat	36-38	BCL2 antagonist/killer 1	Homo sapiens	182-185
26953346-0	2016	Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)-mimetic M40403 Is Protective in Cell and Fly Models of Paraquat Toxicity: IMPLICATIONS FOR PARKINSON DISEASE.	Paraquat	82-90	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-20
26953346-0	2016	Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)-mimetic M40403 Is Protective in Cell and Fly Models of Paraquat Toxicity: IMPLICATIONS FOR PARKINSON DISEASE.	Paraquat	82-90	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	22-25
26953346-3	2016	In this work, we demonstrated in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells the beneficial role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes against paraquat-induced toxicity, as well as the therapeutic potential of the SOD-mimetic compound M40403.	Paraquat	133-141	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	90-110
26953346-3	2016	In this work, we demonstrated in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells the beneficial role of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes against paraquat-induced toxicity, as well as the therapeutic potential of the SOD-mimetic compound M40403.	Paraquat	133-141	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	112-115
26935021-0	2016	SIRT1 exerts protective effects against paraquat-induced injury in mouse type II alveolar epithelial cells by deacetylating NRF2 in vitro.	Paraquat	40-48	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	0-5
26935021-0	2016	SIRT1 exerts protective effects against paraquat-induced injury in mouse type II alveolar epithelial cells by deacetylating NRF2 in vitro.	Paraquat	40-48	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	124-128
26935021-2	2016	The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) antioxidant pathway plays important regulatory roles in the antioxidant therapy of paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	164-172	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	40-44
26935021-2	2016	The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) antioxidant pathway plays important regulatory roles in the antioxidant therapy of paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	174-176	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	40-44
26935021-3	2016	In the present study, we investigated whether the SIRT1/NRF2/ARE signaling pathway plays an important role in lung injury induced by PQ.	Paraquat	133-135	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	50-55
26358524-0	2016	Cycloartenyl Ferulate Inhibits Paraquat-Induced Apoptosis in HK-2 Cells With the Involvement of ABCC1.	Paraquat	31-39	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	96-101
26935021-3	2016	In the present study, we investigated whether the SIRT1/NRF2/ARE signaling pathway plays an important role in lung injury induced by PQ.	Paraquat	133-135	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	56-60
26935021-12	2016	The findings of this study demonstrate that the protective effects of SIRT1 are associated with the activation of the NRF2/ARE antioxidant pathway in lung injury induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	173-175	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	70-75
26935021-12	2016	The findings of this study demonstrate that the protective effects of SIRT1 are associated with the activation of the NRF2/ARE antioxidant pathway in lung injury induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	173-175	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	118-122
26358524-7	2016	When the expression of ABCC1 was knocked down with siRNA, the inhibitory effect of CF on intracellular PQ accumulation was blocked.	Paraquat	103-105	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
26358524-10	2016	Further results showed that ABCC1 siRNA effectively abolished the protective effect of CF on PQ-induced apoptosis.	Paraquat	93-95	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	28-33
26358524-11	2016	Taken together, these data demonstrated that in HK-2 cells, CF could antagonize PQ-induced toxicity with the involvement of regulatiion of ABCC1 protein expression, which provides a new strategy for treatments of nephrotoxicity.	Paraquat	80-82	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1	Homo sapiens	139-144
26878281-0	2016	Paraquat inhibited differentiation in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) and down regulated miR-200a expression by targeting CTNNB1.	Paraquat	0-8	microRNA 200a	Homo sapiens	95-103
27220439-0	2016	[The expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in renal tissue of rats with paraquat poisoning and the effect of melatonin].	Paraquat	83-91	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	20-53
26781174-0	2016	HIF-1alpha regulates EMT via the Snail and beta-catenin pathways in paraquat poisoning-induced early pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	68-76	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-10
26781174-0	2016	HIF-1alpha regulates EMT via the Snail and beta-catenin pathways in paraquat poisoning-induced early pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	68-76	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-55
26781174-4	2016	However, the relationship among HIF-1alpha, Snail and beta-catenin in PQ poisoning-induced pulmonary fibrosis is not clear.	Paraquat	70-72	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	54-66
26781174-5	2016	Our research aimed to determine whether the regulation of HIF-1alpha in EMT occurs via the Snail and beta-catenin pathways in PQ poisoning-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	126-128	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	58-68
26781174-13	2016	These data demonstrate that EMT may be involved in PQ poisoning-induced pulmonary fibrosis and regulated by HIF-1alpha via the Snail and beta-catenin pathways.	Paraquat	51-53	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	108-118
26781174-13	2016	These data demonstrate that EMT may be involved in PQ poisoning-induced pulmonary fibrosis and regulated by HIF-1alpha via the Snail and beta-catenin pathways.	Paraquat	51-53	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	137-149
26781174-14	2016	Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of PQ poisoning-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	81-83	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-31
26878281-0	2016	Paraquat inhibited differentiation in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) and down regulated miR-200a expression by targeting CTNNB1.	Paraquat	0-8	catenin beta 1	Homo sapiens	128-134
26597533-8	2016	Taken together, the data suggest that treatment of PQ-exposed A549 cells with ML ameliorates cytotoxicity through induction of NRF2 expression and its target genes HO-1, NQO1, and other antioxidant genes.	Paraquat	51-53	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	127-131
26597533-8	2016	Taken together, the data suggest that treatment of PQ-exposed A549 cells with ML ameliorates cytotoxicity through induction of NRF2 expression and its target genes HO-1, NQO1, and other antioxidant genes.	Paraquat	51-53	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	170-174
26305493-6	2016	RESULTS: PQ induced a decrease in cellular viability by promoting necrosis through a mechanism involving superoxide generation and nuclear translocation of cleaved Casp-3.	Paraquat	9-11	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	164-170
26305493-7	2016	Co-treatment with OP afforded significant protection against the suppressive effects of PQ, as evident from increased cell viability, reduction of Casp-3 immunofluorescence, and normalization of beta-tubulin expression levels.	Paraquat	88-90	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	147-153
26670953-0	2016	Lysyl oxidase promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition during paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	67-75	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	0-13
26670953-4	2016	We established an in vivo rat model and an in vitro cell model induced by PQ treatment and found that LOX protein expression was significantly up-regulated and collagen deposition was enhanced in rats.	Paraquat	74-76	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	102-105
26670953-8	2016	As a result, LOX could promote the progress of EMT, and inactivating LOX alleviated the EMT process in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) occurred after inactivating LOX in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	103-105	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
26670953-8	2016	As a result, LOX could promote the progress of EMT, and inactivating LOX alleviated the EMT process in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) occurred after inactivating LOX in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	103-105	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
26670953-8	2016	As a result, LOX could promote the progress of EMT, and inactivating LOX alleviated the EMT process in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) occurred after inactivating LOX in vitro and in vivo.	Paraquat	103-105	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	69-72
26670953-9	2016	In conclusion, LOX could promote the progress of EMT and inactivating LOX alleviated EMT in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	92-94	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
26670953-9	2016	In conclusion, LOX could promote the progress of EMT and inactivating LOX alleviated EMT in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	92-94	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	70-73
26670953-10	2016	Therefore, LOX could potentially be a new candidate therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ by regulating the balance between EMT and MET.	Paraquat	105-107	lysyl oxidase	Rattus norvegicus	11-14
26447207-5	2016	The cells transduced with Prdx6 conferred resistance against the oxidative stress inducers paraquat, H2O2, and glutamate.	Paraquat	91-99	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	26-31
26708779-2	2016	Previous studies have indicated that nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2) is an effective target of antioxidant therapy for paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	129-137	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	73-77
26708779-2	2016	Previous studies have indicated that nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2) is an effective target of antioxidant therapy for paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	139-141	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	37-71
26708779-2	2016	Previous studies have indicated that nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2) is an effective target of antioxidant therapy for paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	139-141	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	73-77
26708779-3	2016	However, the association between SIRT1 and NRF2 and their effects in PQ-induced oxidative stress remains to be elucidated.	Paraquat	69-71	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	33-38
26708779-3	2016	However, the association between SIRT1 and NRF2 and their effects in PQ-induced oxidative stress remains to be elucidated.	Paraquat	69-71	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	43-47
26708779-4	2016	The current study demonstrated that PQ exposure upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and NRF2 following 6- and 24-h exposure in the lungs of mice.	Paraquat	36-38	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	78-83
26708779-4	2016	The current study demonstrated that PQ exposure upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and NRF2 following 6- and 24-h exposure in the lungs of mice.	Paraquat	36-38	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	88-92
26708779-5	2016	However, long-term exposure to PQ significantly decreased the expression of SIRT1 and NRF2.	Paraquat	31-33	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	76-81
26708779-5	2016	However, long-term exposure to PQ significantly decreased the expression of SIRT1 and NRF2.	Paraquat	31-33	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	86-90
26708779-8	2016	The present results demonstrated that resveratrol reduced PQ-induced oxidative stress and lung injury, potentially through the positive feedback signaling loop between SIRT1 and NRF2.	Paraquat	58-60	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	168-173
26708779-8	2016	The present results demonstrated that resveratrol reduced PQ-induced oxidative stress and lung injury, potentially through the positive feedback signaling loop between SIRT1 and NRF2.	Paraquat	58-60	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	178-182
26798140-2	2016	Injection of stress-inducing substances (methyl viologen, [MV] and H2O2) also increased SOD1 and TrxR expression in both A. mellifera and A. cerana, and this effect was more pronounced with MV than H2O2.	Paraquat	41-56	superoxide dismutase 1	Apis mellifera	88-92
26758514-0	2016	Radix puerariae extracts ameliorate paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating follistatin-like 1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2p45-related factor-2 signalling pathways through downregulation of miRNA-21 expression.	Paraquat	36-44	follistatin-like 1	Mus musculus	87-156
26708779-2	2016	Previous studies have indicated that nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2) is an effective target of antioxidant therapy for paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	129-137	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	37-71
26786970-6	2016	In nerve growth factor (NGF) induced differentiated PC12 pheochromocytoma cells, we demonstrated that the denatured Tat-SOD regained its antioxidant activity and effectively protected PC12 cells from DNA fragmentation induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	229-237	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	120-123
26758514-10	2016	RESULTS: Long-term challenge with PQ enhanced miRNA-21 (miR-21), Fstl 1 pathways, oxidative stress and development of fibrotic features in the lungs.	Paraquat	34-36	follistatin-like 1	Mus musculus	65-71
26758514-13	2016	In addition, PQ-induced activation of NF-kappaB, Nrf2 and alpha-SMA were enhanced by puerarin.	Paraquat	13-15	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	49-53
26758514-13	2016	In addition, PQ-induced activation of NF-kappaB, Nrf2 and alpha-SMA were enhanced by puerarin.	Paraquat	13-15	actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta	Mus musculus	58-67
26758514-15	2016	CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrated that RPEs blocked PQ-induced Fstl 1 pathways and oxidative stress by inhibiting miR-21 expression, leading to attenuation of PQ-induced lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	59-61	follistatin-like 1	Mus musculus	70-76
26603905-8	2016	These findings conclusively demonstrated that the cultured A549 cells underwent EMT in the presence of PQ, and suggested that TGF-beta1 played a central role in PQ-induced EMT.	Paraquat	161-163	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	126-135
26813466-10	2016	Specifically, both KLF and Cav-1 mRNA expression changed significantly at 6 hours post-exposure to PQ, whereas KLF4 mRNA expression did not change significantly at any of the studied time points.	Paraquat	99-101	caveolin 1	Rattus norvegicus	27-32
26603905-3	2016	In this study, we investigated whether PQ could induce EMT in AT2 through transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) signal pathway in vitro.	Paraquat	39-41	angiotensin II receptor type 2	Homo sapiens	62-65
26554512-6	2016	The inhibition of ABC transporters significantly increased the toxicity of paraquat and arsenic, known substrates of ABC transporters.	Paraquat	75-83	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (Langereis blood group)	Homo sapiens	18-21
26603905-3	2016	In this study, we investigated whether PQ could induce EMT in AT2 through transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) signal pathway in vitro.	Paraquat	39-41	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	74-106
26603905-3	2016	In this study, we investigated whether PQ could induce EMT in AT2 through transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) signal pathway in vitro.	Paraquat	39-41	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	108-117
26603905-6	2016	Phenotypically, PQ induced-EMT was characterized by loss of epithelial cell markers including E-cadherin and zonula occludens (ZO-1), while up-expressions of mesenchymal cell markers including alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and vimentin, concurrent with increased type I collagen (Col I).	Paraquat	16-18	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	94-104
26603905-6	2016	Phenotypically, PQ induced-EMT was characterized by loss of epithelial cell markers including E-cadherin and zonula occludens (ZO-1), while up-expressions of mesenchymal cell markers including alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and vimentin, concurrent with increased type I collagen (Col I).	Paraquat	16-18	vimentin	Homo sapiens	235-243
26649146-5	2016	Furthermore, the activities of Cyc and caspase-9 were found increased significantly at 10 muM of PQ treatment.	Paraquat	97-99	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	31-34
26649146-5	2016	Furthermore, the activities of Cyc and caspase-9 were found increased significantly at 10 muM of PQ treatment.	Paraquat	97-99	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	39-48
26649146-9	2016	The results suggested that Nrf2/ARE pathway is involved in mild to moderate PQ-induced oxidative stress which is evident from dampened Nrf2 activity and low expression of antioxidant genes in PQ induced oxidative damage.	Paraquat	76-78	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
26649146-9	2016	The results suggested that Nrf2/ARE pathway is involved in mild to moderate PQ-induced oxidative stress which is evident from dampened Nrf2 activity and low expression of antioxidant genes in PQ induced oxidative damage.	Paraquat	76-78	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	135-139
26649146-9	2016	The results suggested that Nrf2/ARE pathway is involved in mild to moderate PQ-induced oxidative stress which is evident from dampened Nrf2 activity and low expression of antioxidant genes in PQ induced oxidative damage.	Paraquat	192-194	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
26554512-6	2016	The inhibition of ABC transporters significantly increased the toxicity of paraquat and arsenic, known substrates of ABC transporters.	Paraquat	75-83	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 6 (Langereis blood group)	Homo sapiens	117-120
26499763-6	2015	Western blot analysis then revealed that the expression of epithelial cell marker E-cadherin was significantly decreased, while the expression of mesenchymal markers alpha-smooth-muscle actin and vimentin was significantly increased in rat lung tissues and A549 cells following PQ treatment.	Paraquat	278-280	actin gamma 2, smooth muscle	Rattus norvegicus	166-191
26313688-8	2016	RESULTS: ALI scores were significantly lower in the paraquat TSG-6-treated group, compared with the paraquat group (p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	52-60	TNF alpha induced protein 6	Homo sapiens	61-66
26378986-4	2015	The antinausea drugs, cinnarizine and metoclopramide, do not bind to alpha-synuclein, whereas amphetamine and the herbicides, paraquat and rotenone, bind tightly and cause alpha-synuclein to adopt a more compact conformation.	Paraquat	126-134	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	172-187
26362205-4	2015	Consistently, PQ decreased the antioxidant capacity by reducing glutathione peroxidase (GP-X), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) level and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), as well as increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels.	Paraquat	14-16	hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase	Mus musculus	95-120
26362205-4	2015	Consistently, PQ decreased the antioxidant capacity by reducing glutathione peroxidase (GP-X), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) level and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), as well as increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels.	Paraquat	14-16	hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase	Mus musculus	122-125
26362205-4	2015	Consistently, PQ decreased the antioxidant capacity by reducing glutathione peroxidase (GP-X), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) level and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), as well as increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels.	Paraquat	14-16	catalase	Mus musculus	131-139
26362205-4	2015	Consistently, PQ decreased the antioxidant capacity by reducing glutathione peroxidase (GP-X), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) level and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), as well as increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels.	Paraquat	14-16	catalase	Mus musculus	141-144
26850018-7	2015	CONCLUSION: The expression of SP-A, SP-D increase at the early stage of the paraquat-induced acute lung injury in rat, which can reflect the degree of lung injury.	Paraquat	76-84	surfactant protein A1	Rattus norvegicus	30-34
26850018-7	2015	CONCLUSION: The expression of SP-A, SP-D increase at the early stage of the paraquat-induced acute lung injury in rat, which can reflect the degree of lung injury.	Paraquat	76-84	surfactant protein D	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
26362205-8	2015	Additionally, NHDC significantly inhibited PQ-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) expression and mitochondrial-driven apoptotic signaling.	Paraquat	43-45	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	78-87
26499763-8	2015	However, PQ-induced EMT in A549 cells was abolished by transfection with TGF-beta1-specific small hairpin RNA.	Paraquat	9-11	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-82
26499763-10	2015	In addition, TGF-beta/Smad signaling was involved in PQ-induced EMT.	Paraquat	53-55	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-21
26884967-5	2015	By contrast, paraquat and chlorpyrifos together resulted in robust accumulation of alpha-Syn in striata in mice.	Paraquat	13-21	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	83-92
26884967-8	2015	Both paraquat and chlorpyrifos treatments increased levels of the autophagy inhibitor, mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, suggesting impaired axonal autophagy, despite increases in certain autophagic proteins, such as beclin 1 and Atg 12.	Paraquat	5-13	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	118-122
26884967-8	2015	Both paraquat and chlorpyrifos treatments increased levels of the autophagy inhibitor, mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, suggesting impaired axonal autophagy, despite increases in certain autophagic proteins, such as beclin 1 and Atg 12.	Paraquat	5-13	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	220-228
26884967-8	2015	Both paraquat and chlorpyrifos treatments increased levels of the autophagy inhibitor, mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, suggesting impaired axonal autophagy, despite increases in certain autophagic proteins, such as beclin 1 and Atg 12.	Paraquat	5-13	autophagy related 12	Homo sapiens	233-239
26498265-1	2015	Paraquat (PQ) and maneb (MB) are able to induce neurotoxic effects by promoting alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) aggregates and altering tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), thus increasing the risk of Parkinson"s disease (PD).	Paraquat	0-8	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	80-95
26498265-1	2015	Paraquat (PQ) and maneb (MB) are able to induce neurotoxic effects by promoting alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) aggregates and altering tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), thus increasing the risk of Parkinson"s disease (PD).	Paraquat	0-8	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	80-89
26498265-1	2015	Paraquat (PQ) and maneb (MB) are able to induce neurotoxic effects by promoting alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) aggregates and altering tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), thus increasing the risk of Parkinson"s disease (PD).	Paraquat	0-8	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	132-152
26498265-1	2015	Paraquat (PQ) and maneb (MB) are able to induce neurotoxic effects by promoting alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) aggregates and altering tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), thus increasing the risk of Parkinson"s disease (PD).	Paraquat	10-12	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	80-95
26498265-1	2015	Paraquat (PQ) and maneb (MB) are able to induce neurotoxic effects by promoting alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) aggregates and altering tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), thus increasing the risk of Parkinson"s disease (PD).	Paraquat	10-12	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	80-89
26498265-1	2015	Paraquat (PQ) and maneb (MB) are able to induce neurotoxic effects by promoting alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) aggregates and altering tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), thus increasing the risk of Parkinson"s disease (PD).	Paraquat	10-12	tyrosine hydroxylase	Homo sapiens	132-152
26598004-0	2015	Compensatory role of the Nrf2-ARE pathway against paraquat toxicity: Relevance of 26S proteasome activity.	Paraquat	50-58	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
26598004-6	2015	Consequently, paraquat induced expression of Nrf2-dependent ARE-driven genes, such as gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, catalase, and hemeoxygenase-1.	Paraquat	14-22	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	45-49
26598004-6	2015	Consequently, paraquat induced expression of Nrf2-dependent ARE-driven genes, such as gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, catalase, and hemeoxygenase-1.	Paraquat	14-22	glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit	Rattus norvegicus	86-119
26598004-6	2015	Consequently, paraquat induced expression of Nrf2-dependent ARE-driven genes, such as gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, catalase, and hemeoxygenase-1.	Paraquat	14-22	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	121-129
26598004-6	2015	Consequently, paraquat induced expression of Nrf2-dependent ARE-driven genes, such as gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, catalase, and hemeoxygenase-1.	Paraquat	14-22	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	135-150
26598004-7	2015	Knockdown of Nrf2 or inhibition of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and catalase exacerbated paraquat-induced toxicity, whereas suppression of hemeoxygenase-1 did not.	Paraquat	94-102	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	13-17
26598004-7	2015	Knockdown of Nrf2 or inhibition of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and catalase exacerbated paraquat-induced toxicity, whereas suppression of hemeoxygenase-1 did not.	Paraquat	94-102	glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit	Rattus norvegicus	35-68
26598004-7	2015	Knockdown of Nrf2 or inhibition of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and catalase exacerbated paraquat-induced toxicity, whereas suppression of hemeoxygenase-1 did not.	Paraquat	94-102	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	73-81
26887261-0	2015	[The effect of Wnt signaling pathway on paraquat induced PC12 cells damage].	Paraquat	40-48	Wnt family member 2	Rattus norvegicus	15-18
26887261-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of Wnt signaling pathway on paraquat (PQ)induced PC12 cells damage.	Paraquat	63-71	Wnt family member 2	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
25234084-1	2015	The induction of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-dependent efflux pump, has been proposed as a strategy against the toxicity induced by P-gp substrates such as the herbicide paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	172-180	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	17-31
26770539-5	2015	The influence of acute paraquat poisoning on the activities of CYP450 isoforms CYP2B6, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 were evaluated by cocktail method, they were responded by the changes of pharmacokinetic parameters of bupropion, phenacetin, tolbutamide, metoprolol, midazolam and omeprazole.	Paraquat	23-31	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily b, polypeptide 3	Rattus norvegicus	79-85
26770539-5	2015	The influence of acute paraquat poisoning on the activities of CYP450 isoforms CYP2B6, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 were evaluated by cocktail method, they were responded by the changes of pharmacokinetic parameters of bupropion, phenacetin, tolbutamide, metoprolol, midazolam and omeprazole.	Paraquat	23-31	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2	Rattus norvegicus	87-93
26770539-5	2015	The influence of acute paraquat poisoning on the activities of CYP450 isoforms CYP2B6, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 were evaluated by cocktail method, they were responded by the changes of pharmacokinetic parameters of bupropion, phenacetin, tolbutamide, metoprolol, midazolam and omeprazole.	Paraquat	23-31	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 4	Rattus norvegicus	103-109
26770539-8	2015	Acute paraquat poisoning may induce the activities of CYP2C19, and inhibit of CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 in rats.	Paraquat	6-14	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily b, polypeptide 3	Rattus norvegicus	78-84
26770539-8	2015	Acute paraquat poisoning may induce the activities of CYP2C19, and inhibit of CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 in rats.	Paraquat	6-14	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 4	Rattus norvegicus	94-100
25234084-1	2015	The induction of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-dependent efflux pump, has been proposed as a strategy against the toxicity induced by P-gp substrates such as the herbicide paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	172-180	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
25234084-1	2015	The induction of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-dependent efflux pump, has been proposed as a strategy against the toxicity induced by P-gp substrates such as the herbicide paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	172-180	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
25234084-1	2015	The induction of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-dependent efflux pump, has been proposed as a strategy against the toxicity induced by P-gp substrates such as the herbicide paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	182-184	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	17-31
25234084-1	2015	The induction of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-dependent efflux pump, has been proposed as a strategy against the toxicity induced by P-gp substrates such as the herbicide paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	182-184	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
25234084-1	2015	The induction of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-dependent efflux pump, has been proposed as a strategy against the toxicity induced by P-gp substrates such as the herbicide paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	182-184	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	134-138
25234084-6	2015	PQ cytotoxicity was significantly reduced in the presence of four thioxanthone derivatives, and this protective effect was reversed upon incubation with a specific P-gp inhibitor.	Paraquat	0-2	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
25234084-8	2015	Moreover, in silico interactions between thioxanthones and P-gp in the presence of PQ suggested that a co-transport mechanism may be operating.	Paraquat	83-85	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	59-63
26173462-0	2015	Silymarin attenuates paraquat-induced lung injury via Nrf2-mediated pathway in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	21-29	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
26119225-0	2015	NLRP3 inflammasome activation by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species plays a key role in long-term cognitive impairment induced by paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	133-141	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	0-5
28911704-4	2015	The response of PQ with modified electrode (Ag-CPE) related to Ag/CP loading, preconcentration time, and measuring solution pH was investigated.	Paraquat	16-18	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	47-50
28911704-5	2015	The result shows that the increase in the two cathodic peak currents (Peak 1 and Peak 2), under optimized conditions, was linear with the increase in PQ concentration in the range 1.0 x 10-7 mol/L to 1.0 x 10-3 mol/L.	Paraquat	150-152	pseudopodium enriched atypical kinase 1	Homo sapiens	70-76
28911704-5	2015	The result shows that the increase in the two cathodic peak currents (Peak 1 and Peak 2), under optimized conditions, was linear with the increase in PQ concentration in the range 1.0 x 10-7 mol/L to 1.0 x 10-3 mol/L.	Paraquat	150-152	PEAK1 related, kinase-activating pseudokinase 1	Homo sapiens	81-87
26267055-10	2015	Apocynin alleviated MB- and/or PQ-induced changes in total ROS, superoxide radicals, expression/catalytic activity of NADPH oxidase and SOD1/2 along with the mitochondrial ROS and membrane potential.	Paraquat	31-33	superoxide dismutase 1	Rattus norvegicus	136-140
26119225-3	2015	Our results showed that APP/PS1 mice had exacerbated cognition impairment and elevated Abeta levels at 5 months after paraquat exposure, and that WT mice had cognition impairment at 5 and 16 months after paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	118-126	presenilin 1	Mus musculus	28-31
26119225-4	2015	In addition, increased mitochondrial oxidative stress and augmented brain inflammation were observed in both paraquat-exposed APP/PS1 mice and WT mice.	Paraquat	109-117	presenilin 1	Mus musculus	130-133
26119225-5	2015	Interestingly, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, which triggers inflammation in response to mitochondrial stress, was enhanced in paraquat-exposed mice.	Paraquat	130-138	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	29-34
26119225-6	2015	Moreover, transgenic mice overexpressing Prdx3, a key enzyme in detoxifying mitochondrial H2O2, had suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reduced brain inflammation, and attenuated cognition impairment after paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	212-220	peroxiredoxin 3	Mus musculus	41-46
26832707-5	2015	RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, the high-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, low-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, high-dose curcumin group, and PQ poisoning group had significantly increased serum levels of TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 (P&lt;0.05) , and the three cytokines in each group reached peak levels on day 14 after exposure.	Paraquat	189-191	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	252-261
26119225-7	2015	Together, our results indicate that NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species plays a key role in mediating paraquat-induced long-term cognition decline by elevating brain inflammation.	Paraquat	145-153	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Mus musculus	36-41
25908444-7	2015	The lysine 68 (K68) site is the most important acetylation site contributing to SOD2 activation and plays a role in cell survival after paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	136-144	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	80-84
26832707-5	2015	RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, the high-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, low-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, high-dose curcumin group, and PQ poisoning group had significantly increased serum levels of TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 (P&lt;0.05) , and the three cytokines in each group reached peak levels on day 14 after exposure.	Paraquat	189-191	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	263-272
26832707-5	2015	RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, the high-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, low-dose curcumin plus conventional treatment group, high-dose curcumin group, and PQ poisoning group had significantly increased serum levels of TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 (P&lt;0.05) , and the three cytokines in each group reached peak levels on day 14 after exposure.	Paraquat	189-191	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	278-282
26187664-6	2015	Moreover, PQ quickly induced alterations of GRP78 and CHOP, two hallmarks of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequently induced dysfunction of the mitochondria (such as the decrease in membrane potential and increase in ROS).	Paraquat	10-12	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
26187664-6	2015	Moreover, PQ quickly induced alterations of GRP78 and CHOP, two hallmarks of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequently induced dysfunction of the mitochondria (such as the decrease in membrane potential and increase in ROS).	Paraquat	10-12	DNA-damage inducible transcript 3	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
26221080-7	2015	PCR analysis demonstrated that expression levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 and COL1A1 in lung tissue were significantly increased after PQ exposure but reduced by thalidomide, which were confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining.	Paraquat	140-142	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	52-56
25633425-6	2015	Furthermore, AA significantly reduced PQ-induced upregulations of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8.	Paraquat	38-40	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 15	Mus musculus	166-170
25633425-6	2015	Furthermore, AA significantly reduced PQ-induced upregulations of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8.	Paraquat	38-40	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	97-130
25633425-6	2015	Furthermore, AA significantly reduced PQ-induced upregulations of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8.	Paraquat	38-40	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	132-154
25633425-6	2015	Furthermore, AA significantly reduced PQ-induced upregulations of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8.	Paraquat	38-40	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	156-160
26221080-7	2015	PCR analysis demonstrated that expression levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 and COL1A1 in lung tissue were significantly increased after PQ exposure but reduced by thalidomide, which were confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining.	Paraquat	140-142	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	58-67
26221080-7	2015	PCR analysis demonstrated that expression levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 and COL1A1 in lung tissue were significantly increased after PQ exposure but reduced by thalidomide, which were confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining.	Paraquat	140-142	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	69-78
26221080-7	2015	PCR analysis demonstrated that expression levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 and COL1A1 in lung tissue were significantly increased after PQ exposure but reduced by thalidomide, which were confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining.	Paraquat	140-142	collagen type I alpha 1 chain	Rattus norvegicus	83-89
25815693-0	2015	Connective tissue growth factor stimulates the proliferation, migration and differentiation of lung fibroblasts during paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	119-127	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	0-31
25815693-3	2015	In the present study, the role of CTGF was examined in a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	100-102	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	34-38
25815693-7	2015	Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining of tissue samples demonstrated that CTGF expression was significantly upregulated in the PQ-treated group.	Paraquat	144-146	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	91-95
25815693-8	2015	Similarly, PQ treatment of MRC-5 human lung fibroblast cells caused an increase in CTGF in a dose-dependent manner.	Paraquat	11-13	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	83-87
25815693-11	2015	These findings demonstrate that PQ causes increased CTGF expression, which triggers proliferation, migration and differentiation of lung fibroblasts.	Paraquat	32-34	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	52-56
25815693-12	2015	Therefore, CTGF may be important in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrogenesis, rendering this growth factor a potential pharmacological target for reducing lung injury.	Paraquat	36-38	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	11-15
26653645-14	2015	Compared with the blank control group, the PQ group had significantly increased IL-6 and TNF-alpha level (P &lt; 0.05); Compared with the PQ group, the UTI+PQ group had significantly decreased IL-6 and TNF-alpha level (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	43-45	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	80-84
26653645-14	2015	Compared with the blank control group, the PQ group had significantly increased IL-6 and TNF-alpha level (P &lt; 0.05); Compared with the PQ group, the UTI+PQ group had significantly decreased IL-6 and TNF-alpha level (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	43-45	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	89-98
26653645-14	2015	Compared with the blank control group, the PQ group had significantly increased IL-6 and TNF-alpha level (P &lt; 0.05); Compared with the PQ group, the UTI+PQ group had significantly decreased IL-6 and TNF-alpha level (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	43-45	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	193-197
26653645-14	2015	Compared with the blank control group, the PQ group had significantly increased IL-6 and TNF-alpha level (P &lt; 0.05); Compared with the PQ group, the UTI+PQ group had significantly decreased IL-6 and TNF-alpha level (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	43-45	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	202-211
24376148-0	2015	Combined exposure to agriculture pesticides, paraquat and maneb, induces alterations in the N/OFQ-NOPr and PDYN/KOPr systems in rats: Relevance to sporadic Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	45-53	prodynorphin	Rattus norvegicus	107-111
26074776-14	2015	Furthermore, lithium significantly decreased both basal and PQ-induced expression of miR-34a.	Paraquat	60-62	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	85-92
26074776-15	2015	Transfection of miR-34a specific mimic reversed neuroprotective, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidant effects of lithium against PQ-toxicity.	Paraquat	125-127	microRNA 34a	Homo sapiens	16-23
25945502-0	2015	Adiponectin attenuates lung fibroblasts activation and pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	85-93	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	0-11
25945502-3	2015	In the current study, we determine whether the exogenous globular APN isoform protects against pulmonary fibrosis in PQ-treated mice and human lung fibroblasts, and dissect the responsible underlying mechanisms.	Paraquat	117-119	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	66-69
25945502-13	2015	Pretreatment with APN significantly attenuated the reduced cell viability and up-regulated collagen type III expression induced by PQ in lung fibroblasts, (p&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	131-133	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	18-21
25945502-15	2015	AdipoR1 siRNA abrogated APN-mediated protective effects in PQ-exposed fibroblasts.	Paraquat	59-61	adiponectin receptor 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
25945502-15	2015	AdipoR1 siRNA abrogated APN-mediated protective effects in PQ-exposed fibroblasts.	Paraquat	59-61	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	24-27
25945502-16	2015	Taken together, our data suggests APN protects against PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner, via suppression of lung fibroblast activation.	Paraquat	55-57	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Homo sapiens	34-37
26096005-3	2015	Thirty min after Pq exposure despite the induction of the photoprotective mechanism of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in mature leaves, H2O2 production was lower in young leaves mainly due to the higher increase activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX).	Paraquat	17-19	ascorbate peroxidase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	227-247
24376148-7	2015	Also, the association of paraquat and maneb (5/15 mg kg(-1) ) induced an increase in nociceptin/orphanin and a decrease of prodynorphin gene expression levels in the substantia nigra with a down-regulation of NOP and KOP receptors after both treatments in the substantia nigra and caudate putamen.	Paraquat	25-33	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	85-95
24376148-8	2015	These data further confirm that paraquat and maneb toxicity can modulate gene expression of the nociceptin/orphanin-NOP receptor and prodynorphin-KOP receptor systems in the substantia nigra and caudate putamen, offering further support to the hypothesis that chronic exposure to these agrochemicals might be implicated in the mechanisms underlying sporadic Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	32-40	prepronociceptin	Rattus norvegicus	96-106
26538867-8	2015	Under-represented proteins occurred in the p53 signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, cartilage development and angiogenesis inhibition in the PQ-treated lungs.	Paraquat	175-177	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	43-46
26191153-12	2015	Trend of GSH-Px and SOD activity was control group&gt;RAPA treatment group&gt;PQ group (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	78-80	glutathione peroxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	9-15
25233898-10	2015	PQ caused a significant increase in hydroxyproline content, mRNA expression of TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1, and relative expression levels of collagen type I and III ( p &lt; 0.05), while losartan significantly decreased the amount of hydroxyproline and downregulated TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1 mRNA and collagen type I and III expressions ( p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	0-2	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	79-88
25233898-10	2015	PQ caused a significant increase in hydroxyproline content, mRNA expression of TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1, and relative expression levels of collagen type I and III ( p &lt; 0.05), while losartan significantly decreased the amount of hydroxyproline and downregulated TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1 mRNA and collagen type I and III expressions ( p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	0-2	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	90-94
25233898-10	2015	PQ caused a significant increase in hydroxyproline content, mRNA expression of TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1, and relative expression levels of collagen type I and III ( p &lt; 0.05), while losartan significantly decreased the amount of hydroxyproline and downregulated TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1 mRNA and collagen type I and III expressions ( p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	0-2	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	100-106
25233898-10	2015	PQ caused a significant increase in hydroxyproline content, mRNA expression of TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1, and relative expression levels of collagen type I and III ( p &lt; 0.05), while losartan significantly decreased the amount of hydroxyproline and downregulated TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1 mRNA and collagen type I and III expressions ( p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	0-2	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	268-277
25233898-10	2015	PQ caused a significant increase in hydroxyproline content, mRNA expression of TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1, and relative expression levels of collagen type I and III ( p &lt; 0.05), while losartan significantly decreased the amount of hydroxyproline and downregulated TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1 mRNA and collagen type I and III expressions ( p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	0-2	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	279-283
25233898-10	2015	PQ caused a significant increase in hydroxyproline content, mRNA expression of TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1, and relative expression levels of collagen type I and III ( p &lt; 0.05), while losartan significantly decreased the amount of hydroxyproline and downregulated TGF-beta1, Mmp9, and TIMP-1 mRNA and collagen type I and III expressions ( p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	0-2	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	289-295
26538867-9	2015	The results suggest that PQ may generate reactive oxygen species, impair the MAPK/p53 signaling pathway, activate angiogenesis and depress apoptosis in the lungs.	Paraquat	25-27	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	82-85
25724285-5	2015	While Zn and/or PQ elevated the total free radical generation, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and catalytic activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase alpha 4-4 (GSTA4-4), a pronounced decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity was also observed.	Paraquat	16-18	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	114-129
25724285-5	2015	While Zn and/or PQ elevated the total free radical generation, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and catalytic activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase alpha 4-4 (GSTA4-4), a pronounced decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity was also observed.	Paraquat	16-18	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	131-134
25724285-5	2015	While Zn and/or PQ elevated the total free radical generation, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and catalytic activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase alpha 4-4 (GSTA4-4), a pronounced decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity was also observed.	Paraquat	16-18	glutathione S-transferase alpha 4	Rattus norvegicus	235-242
25724285-5	2015	While Zn and/or PQ elevated the total free radical generation, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and catalytic activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase alpha 4-4 (GSTA4-4), a pronounced decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity was also observed.	Paraquat	16-18	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	300-321
26653223-0	2015	[Effect of hydrogen-saline on lung injury and heme oxygenase-1 expression in the lung tissue of acute paraquat-intoxicated mice].	Paraquat	102-110	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	46-62
26653232-0	2015	[The effect of paraquat on voltage-dependent anion channel and caspase-3, 8, 9 in the mitochondria of rat lung].	Paraquat	15-23	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	63-72
26653232-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different concentrations of paraquat (PQ) poisoning on the expression of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and caspase family in the mitochondria of rat lung tissue, and to explore possible mechanisms of acute lung injury induced by acute PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	69-77	caspase 8	Rattus norvegicus	157-164
26653232-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different concentrations of paraquat (PQ) poisoning on the expression of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and caspase family in the mitochondria of rat lung tissue, and to explore possible mechanisms of acute lung injury induced by acute PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	79-81	caspase 8	Rattus norvegicus	157-164
26653223-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Hydrogen-saline on Lung Injury and HO-1 Expression in The Lung Tissue of Acute Paraquat-intoxicated mice.	Paraquat	119-127	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	75-79
25724285-5	2015	While Zn and/or PQ elevated the total free radical generation, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and catalytic activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase alpha 4-4 (GSTA4-4), a pronounced decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity was also observed.	Paraquat	16-18	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	323-325
25724285-6	2015	Zn and/or PQ augmented the expression of metallothionein-I and II and GSTA4-4.	Paraquat	10-12	metallothionein 1	Rattus norvegicus	41-58
25724285-6	2015	Zn and/or PQ augmented the expression of metallothionein-I and II and GSTA4-4.	Paraquat	10-12	glutathione S-transferase alpha 4	Rattus norvegicus	70-77
25878598-4	2015	This study assumed that ulinastatin would exert these effects on brain tissues that had been poisoned with paraquat.	Paraquat	107-115	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	24-35
25867024-4	2015	Furthermore we demonstrate that ALADIN deficiency leads to increased susceptibility to oxidative stress and alteration in redox homeostasis after paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	146-154	aladin WD repeat nucleoporin	Homo sapiens	32-38
25304964-0	2015	Increased toll-like receptor 9 expression is associated with the severity of paraquat-induced lung injury in mice.	Paraquat	77-85	toll-like receptor 9	Mus musculus	10-30
25304964-13	2015	CONCLUSIONS: The TLR9 expression in lung tissue is markedly elevated during PQ-induced acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis and positively correlated with the severity of lung injury in mice.	Paraquat	76-78	toll-like receptor 9	Mus musculus	17-21
25799450-4	2015	The cells were treated with various concentrations of PQ (0-500 muM) for 2-12 days.	Paraquat	54-56	latexin	Homo sapiens	64-67
25799450-5	2015	Short-term (2 days) high-dose (&gt;100 muM) treatments with PQ induced cell death accompanied by the activation of caspase9 as well as a decrease in E-cadherin (an epithelial cell marker), suggesting apoptotic cell death with the features of anoikis (cell death due to the loss of cell-cell adhesion).	Paraquat	60-62	latexin	Homo sapiens	39-42
25799450-5	2015	Short-term (2 days) high-dose (&gt;100 muM) treatments with PQ induced cell death accompanied by the activation of caspase9 as well as a decrease in E-cadherin (an epithelial cell marker), suggesting apoptotic cell death with the features of anoikis (cell death due to the loss of cell-cell adhesion).	Paraquat	60-62	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	115-123
25799450-5	2015	Short-term (2 days) high-dose (&gt;100 muM) treatments with PQ induced cell death accompanied by the activation of caspase9 as well as a decrease in E-cadherin (an epithelial cell marker), suggesting apoptotic cell death with the features of anoikis (cell death due to the loss of cell-cell adhesion).	Paraquat	60-62	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	149-159
25799450-6	2015	In contrast, long-term (6-12 days) low-dose (30 muM) treatments with PQ resulted in a transformation into spindle-shaped mesenchymal-like cells with a decrease of E-cadherin as well as an increase of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA).	Paraquat	69-71	latexin	Homo sapiens	48-51
25799450-6	2015	In contrast, long-term (6-12 days) low-dose (30 muM) treatments with PQ resulted in a transformation into spindle-shaped mesenchymal-like cells with a decrease of E-cadherin as well as an increase of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA).	Paraquat	69-71	cadherin 1	Homo sapiens	163-173
25799450-10	2015	EMT-like cellular response and subsequent fibrogenesis were also observed in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells exposed to PQ in a TGF-beta1-dependent manner.	Paraquat	135-137	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	143-152
26653232-9	2015	CONCLUSION: PQ poisoning can up-regulate the expression of VDAC and caspase-3, -8, and -9 in mitochondria of rat lung tissue to induce acute lung injury.	Paraquat	12-14	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	68-89
26653234-15	2015	CONCLUSION: Serum levels of KIM-1 and Cys-C were significantly increased in the kidney injury in rats with acute paraquat poisoning in early stage, earlier than the changes of BUN and Cr.	Paraquat	113-121	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1	Rattus norvegicus	28-33
25779629-9	2015	In vitro experiments also revealed that treatment with paraquat, a superoxide inducer in mitochondria, promoted the RANKL expression via, in part, ERK phosphorylation.	Paraquat	55-63	tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11	Mus musculus	116-121
25779629-9	2015	In vitro experiments also revealed that treatment with paraquat, a superoxide inducer in mitochondria, promoted the RANKL expression via, in part, ERK phosphorylation.	Paraquat	55-63	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	147-150
25878598-5	2015	Rat models of paraquat poisoning were intraperitoneally injected with ulinastatin.	Paraquat	14-22	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	70-81
26248412-6	2015	At the same time PQ could enhance the expression of NF-kappaB and inhibit the expression of Caspase 3.	Paraquat	17-19	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	52-61
26248412-6	2015	At the same time PQ could enhance the expression of NF-kappaB and inhibit the expression of Caspase 3.	Paraquat	17-19	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	92-101
26248412-8	2015	CONCLUSION: PQ is a potent inducer of ROS and can inhibit neutrophil apoptosis by activating NF-kappaB and surpressing Caspase 3 activity.	Paraquat	12-14	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	93-102
26248412-8	2015	CONCLUSION: PQ is a potent inducer of ROS and can inhibit neutrophil apoptosis by activating NF-kappaB and surpressing Caspase 3 activity.	Paraquat	12-14	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	119-128
25338942-0	2015	NLRP3 inflammasome activation is essential for paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	47-55	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
25338942-9	2015	In the in vitro experiments, IL-1beta and IL-18 secreted from RAW264.7 mouse macrophages treated with paraquat were attenuated by glybenclamide.	Paraquat	102-110	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	29-37
25338942-9	2015	In the in vitro experiments, IL-1beta and IL-18 secreted from RAW264.7 mouse macrophages treated with paraquat were attenuated by glybenclamide.	Paraquat	102-110	interleukin 18	Mus musculus	42-47
25592138-0	2015	PSTK is a novel gene associated with early lung injury in Paraquat Poisoning.	Paraquat	58-66	phosphoseryl-tRNA kinase	Mus musculus	0-4
25671321-8	2015	Further, we show that increasing mitochondrial superoxide levels through deletion of sod-2 or treatment with paraquat can still increase lifespan in clk-1;sod-1 double mutants, which live shorter than clk-1 worms.	Paraquat	109-117	CDC like kinase 1	Homo sapiens	149-154
25671321-8	2015	Further, we show that increasing mitochondrial superoxide levels through deletion of sod-2 or treatment with paraquat can still increase lifespan in clk-1;sod-1 double mutants, which live shorter than clk-1 worms.	Paraquat	109-117	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	155-160
25671321-8	2015	Further, we show that increasing mitochondrial superoxide levels through deletion of sod-2 or treatment with paraquat can still increase lifespan in clk-1;sod-1 double mutants, which live shorter than clk-1 worms.	Paraquat	109-117	CDC like kinase 1	Homo sapiens	201-206
25338942-10	2015	In conclusion, paraquat can induce IL-1beta/IL-18 secretion via NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome is essential for paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	15-23	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	35-43
25338942-10	2015	In conclusion, paraquat can induce IL-1beta/IL-18 secretion via NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome is essential for paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	15-23	interleukin 18	Rattus norvegicus	44-49
25338942-10	2015	In conclusion, paraquat can induce IL-1beta/IL-18 secretion via NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome is essential for paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	15-23	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	64-69
25338942-10	2015	In conclusion, paraquat can induce IL-1beta/IL-18 secretion via NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome is essential for paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	15-23	PYD and CARD domain containing	Rattus norvegicus	70-73
25338942-4	2015	NLRP3 inflammasome including NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 mRNA and protein expression in lung tissue and IL-1beta and IL-18 levels in BALF were detected at 4, 8, 24, and 72 h after PQ administration in rats.	Paraquat	178-180	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
26731983-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to analyze the dynamic changes in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in paraquat (PQ)-intoxicated rats and to evaluate the effects of artesunate on PQ-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	192-200	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	77-110
25338942-10	2015	In conclusion, paraquat can induce IL-1beta/IL-18 secretion via NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome is essential for paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	15-23	caspase 1	Rattus norvegicus	74-83
25338942-10	2015	In conclusion, paraquat can induce IL-1beta/IL-18 secretion via NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway, and the NLRP3 inflammasome is essential for paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	137-145	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3	Rattus norvegicus	101-106
25592015-8	2015	Interestingly, coadministration of Se and PQ effectively prevented the harmful effects of the toxin in locomotor activity and at the molecular level, reducing bradykinesia (P < 0.01) and DNA damage in leukocytes compared with the PQ-only group (P < 0.001), whereas the levels of DNA damage were comparable to those found in the control and Se groups (P > 0.05).	Paraquat	42-44	squalene epoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	340-342
25592015-8	2015	Interestingly, coadministration of Se and PQ effectively prevented the harmful effects of the toxin in locomotor activity and at the molecular level, reducing bradykinesia (P < 0.01) and DNA damage in leukocytes compared with the PQ-only group (P < 0.001), whereas the levels of DNA damage were comparable to those found in the control and Se groups (P > 0.05).	Paraquat	230-232	squalene epoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	35-37
25592015-10	2015	CONCLUSION: In this experimental model of PQ-induced PD, the use of Se could contribute to the maintenance of locomotor activity and the integrity of leukocytes DNA.	Paraquat	42-44	squalene epoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	68-70
25545062-8	2015	These findings indicate that DHA prevents PQ-induced neuronal cell loss by enhancing Nrf2-regulated GSH homeostasis.	Paraquat	42-44	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	85-89
26046590-3	2015	PQ decreased the basal levels of LC3-II and LC3-positive vesicles, and its colocalization with lysosomal markers, both in the absence and presence of chloroquine.	Paraquat	0-2	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	33-36
26046590-3	2015	PQ decreased the basal levels of LC3-II and LC3-positive vesicles, and its colocalization with lysosomal markers, both in the absence and presence of chloroquine.	Paraquat	0-2	microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha	Homo sapiens	44-47
26046590-6	2015	Surprisingly, PQ treatment led to inhibition of MTOR, activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 and upregulation of BECN1/Beclin 1 expression, all signals typically correlating with induction of autophagy.	Paraquat	14-16	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	48-52
26046590-6	2015	Surprisingly, PQ treatment led to inhibition of MTOR, activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 and upregulation of BECN1/Beclin 1 expression, all signals typically correlating with induction of autophagy.	Paraquat	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	68-73
26046590-6	2015	Surprisingly, PQ treatment led to inhibition of MTOR, activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 and upregulation of BECN1/Beclin 1 expression, all signals typically correlating with induction of autophagy.	Paraquat	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	74-78
26046590-6	2015	Surprisingly, PQ treatment led to inhibition of MTOR, activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 and upregulation of BECN1/Beclin 1 expression, all signals typically correlating with induction of autophagy.	Paraquat	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	83-88
26046590-6	2015	Surprisingly, PQ treatment led to inhibition of MTOR, activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 and upregulation of BECN1/Beclin 1 expression, all signals typically correlating with induction of autophagy.	Paraquat	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	89-93
26046590-6	2015	Surprisingly, PQ treatment led to inhibition of MTOR, activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 and upregulation of BECN1/Beclin 1 expression, all signals typically correlating with induction of autophagy.	Paraquat	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	94-99
26046590-6	2015	Surprisingly, PQ treatment led to inhibition of MTOR, activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 and upregulation of BECN1/Beclin 1 expression, all signals typically correlating with induction of autophagy.	Paraquat	14-16	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	100-104
26046590-6	2015	Surprisingly, PQ treatment led to inhibition of MTOR, activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 and upregulation of BECN1/Beclin 1 expression, all signals typically correlating with induction of autophagy.	Paraquat	14-16	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	125-130
26046590-6	2015	Surprisingly, PQ treatment led to inhibition of MTOR, activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK1/ERK2-MAPK3/ERK1 and upregulation of BECN1/Beclin 1 expression, all signals typically correlating with induction of autophagy.	Paraquat	14-16	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	131-139
26046590-7	2015	Reduction of OS by NMDPEF, a specific NQO2 inhibitor, but not by N-acetylcysteine, abrogated the inhibitory effect of PQ and restored autophagic flux.	Paraquat	118-120	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	38-42
26046590-8	2015	Activation of NQO2 by PQ or menadione and genetic manipulation of its expression confirmed the role of this enzyme in the inhibitory action of PQ on autophagy.	Paraquat	22-24	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
26046590-8	2015	Activation of NQO2 by PQ or menadione and genetic manipulation of its expression confirmed the role of this enzyme in the inhibitory action of PQ on autophagy.	Paraquat	143-145	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	14-18
26046590-9	2015	PQ did not induce NFE2L2/NRF2, but when it was co-administered with NMDPEF NFE2L2 activity was enhanced in a SQSTM1-independent fashion.	Paraquat	0-2	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	75-81
26046590-9	2015	PQ did not induce NFE2L2/NRF2, but when it was co-administered with NMDPEF NFE2L2 activity was enhanced in a SQSTM1-independent fashion.	Paraquat	0-2	sequestosome 1	Homo sapiens	109-115
26731983-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to analyze the dynamic changes in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in paraquat (PQ)-intoxicated rats and to evaluate the effects of artesunate on PQ-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	192-200	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-121
26731983-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to analyze the dynamic changes in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in paraquat (PQ)-intoxicated rats and to evaluate the effects of artesunate on PQ-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	192-200	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	124-143
26731983-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to analyze the dynamic changes in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in paraquat (PQ)-intoxicated rats and to evaluate the effects of artesunate on PQ-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	192-200	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	149-176
26731983-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to analyze the dynamic changes in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in paraquat (PQ)-intoxicated rats and to evaluate the effects of artesunate on PQ-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	192-200	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	178-187
26731983-1	2015	BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to analyze the dynamic changes in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in paraquat (PQ)-intoxicated rats and to evaluate the effects of artesunate on PQ-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	202-204	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	149-176
26731983-8	2015	IL-10, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta1 may play an important role in PQ-induced lung injury, which can be prevented by artesunate treatment.	Paraquat	62-64	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
26731983-8	2015	IL-10, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta1 may play an important role in PQ-induced lung injury, which can be prevented by artesunate treatment.	Paraquat	62-64	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	7-16
26731983-8	2015	IL-10, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta1 may play an important role in PQ-induced lung injury, which can be prevented by artesunate treatment.	Paraquat	62-64	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	22-31
25523308-12	2015	It was inferred that the use of rapamycin could improve the PQ-induced lung injury through inhibiting the activity of mTOR.	Paraquat	60-62	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Rattus norvegicus	118-122
25452788-0	2015	Adiponectin protects against paraquat-induced lung injury by attenuating oxidative/nitrative stress.	Paraquat	29-37	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	0-11
25452788-3	2015	Adiponectin, which shows anti-oxidative and antinitrative effects, may have the potential to reduce PQ-mediated injury.	Paraquat	100-102	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	0-11
25452788-4	2015	The present study determined the protective action of globular domain adiponectin (gAd) on PQ-induced lung injury, and attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanism or mechanisms of action.	Paraquat	91-93	adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing	Mus musculus	70-81
24812154-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of overexpression of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (NRF2) on lung injury in rats exposed to paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	135-143	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	95-99
24812154-1	2015	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of overexpression of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (NRF2) on lung injury in rats exposed to paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	145-147	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	95-99
24812154-7	2015	However, pretreatment with Ad-RUNRF2 and RU486 strongly enhanced the expression levels of NRF2, HO-1, NQO-1, CAT and GSH-Px in the lungs of PQ intoxicated rats, with increased GSH and decreased MDA (p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	140-142	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
24812154-7	2015	However, pretreatment with Ad-RUNRF2 and RU486 strongly enhanced the expression levels of NRF2, HO-1, NQO-1, CAT and GSH-Px in the lungs of PQ intoxicated rats, with increased GSH and decreased MDA (p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	140-142	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-100
24812154-7	2015	However, pretreatment with Ad-RUNRF2 and RU486 strongly enhanced the expression levels of NRF2, HO-1, NQO-1, CAT and GSH-Px in the lungs of PQ intoxicated rats, with increased GSH and decreased MDA (p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	140-142	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	102-107
24812154-7	2015	However, pretreatment with Ad-RUNRF2 and RU486 strongly enhanced the expression levels of NRF2, HO-1, NQO-1, CAT and GSH-Px in the lungs of PQ intoxicated rats, with increased GSH and decreased MDA (p &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	140-142	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	109-112
24812154-8	2015	Pretreatment with Ad-RUNRF2 and RU486 also strongly suppressed the PQ-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and decreased the levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	67-69	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	184-193
24812154-8	2015	Pretreatment with Ad-RUNRF2 and RU486 also strongly suppressed the PQ-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and decreased the levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	67-69	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	196-213
24812154-8	2015	Pretreatment with Ad-RUNRF2 and RU486 also strongly suppressed the PQ-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and decreased the levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	67-69	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	215-223
24812154-8	2015	Pretreatment with Ad-RUNRF2 and RU486 also strongly suppressed the PQ-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and decreased the levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	67-69	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	229-242
24812154-8	2015	Pretreatment with Ad-RUNRF2 and RU486 also strongly suppressed the PQ-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and decreased the levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).	Paraquat	67-69	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	244-248
24812154-10	2015	CONCLUSION: RU486-induced overexpression of NRF2 in lungs transfected with Ad-RUNRF2 can ameliorate PQ-induced lung injury by the activation of the NRF2-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway.	Paraquat	100-102	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	44-48
24812154-10	2015	CONCLUSION: RU486-induced overexpression of NRF2 in lungs transfected with Ad-RUNRF2 can ameliorate PQ-induced lung injury by the activation of the NRF2-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway.	Paraquat	100-102	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	80-84
25496228-5	2015	Given that PQ was expected to induce an immunosuppressive effect, it was hypothesized that a gene involved in cellular metal ion homeostasis, metallothionein-1 (MT-1), could play an important role in this outcome.	Paraquat	11-13	metallothionein 1	Mus musculus	142-159
25496228-5	2015	Given that PQ was expected to induce an immunosuppressive effect, it was hypothesized that a gene involved in cellular metal ion homeostasis, metallothionein-1 (MT-1), could play an important role in this outcome.	Paraquat	11-13	metallothionein 1	Mus musculus	161-165
25496228-7	2015	The results showed that PQ treatments led to increased MT expression in several organs (liver, kidneys, testes) and in splenocytes, caused a reduction of both free zinc ions in sera and in free intracellular zinc, and reduced the expression of GATA-3, a zinc-finger transcription factor important for maturation and activity of T-cells and NK cells.	Paraquat	24-26	GATA binding protein 3	Mus musculus	244-250
26099602-5	2015	Pretreatment with the SEC1 mutant prior to PQ poisoning in mice reduced symptom duration and severity, prolonged survival time, and decreased the splenocyte response to ConA induction.	Paraquat	43-45	secretory blood group 1	Mus musculus	22-26
26099602-6	2015	The SEC1 mutant also down-regulated several important cytokines related to fibrosis in the plasma after PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	104-106	secretory blood group 1	Mus musculus	4-8
26099602-9	2015	In conclusion, the SEC1 mutant reduced pulmonary interstitial fibrosis induced by PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	82-84	secretory blood group 1	Mus musculus	19-23
25158689-0	2015	A dopamine receptor contributes to paraquat-induced neurotoxicity in Drosophila.	Paraquat	35-43	Dopamine 1-like receptor 1	Drosophila melanogaster	2-19
25158689-8	2015	Fourthly, a mutation in the Drosophila ryanodine receptor (RyR), which inhibits activity-induced increase in cytosolic Ca(2+), also strongly enhanced PQ resistance.	Paraquat	150-152	Ryanodine receptor	Drosophila melanogaster	39-57
25158689-8	2015	Fourthly, a mutation in the Drosophila ryanodine receptor (RyR), which inhibits activity-induced increase in cytosolic Ca(2+), also strongly enhanced PQ resistance.	Paraquat	150-152	Ryanodine receptor	Drosophila melanogaster	59-62
25559956-14	2015	Immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting showed that RAPA treatment significantly down-regulated the enhanced levels of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA in lung tissues caused by PQ exposure.	Paraquat	179-181	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	129-138
25559956-14	2015	Immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting showed that RAPA treatment significantly down-regulated the enhanced levels of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA in lung tissues caused by PQ exposure.	Paraquat	179-181	actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta	Mus musculus	143-152
25559956-17	2015	CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that RAPA treatment effectively suppresses PQ-induced alveolar collapse and collagen deposition in lung tissues through reducing the expression of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA.	Paraquat	80-82	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	184-193
25559956-17	2015	CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that RAPA treatment effectively suppresses PQ-induced alveolar collapse and collagen deposition in lung tissues through reducing the expression of TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA.	Paraquat	80-82	actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta	Mus musculus	198-207
25467193-8	2014	Functionally, overexpression of HER2CA gave resistance of MCF7 breast cancer cells to either paraquat or doxorubicin.	Paraquat	93-101	erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2	Homo sapiens	32-38
25336634-7	2014	Results from clonogenic assays demonstrated hypersensitivity of SelH shRNA HeLa cells to paraquat and H2O2, but not to hydroxyurea, neocarzinostatin, or camptothecin.	Paraquat	89-97	selenoprotein H	Homo sapiens	64-68
25511395-0	2014	Protective effect of Xuebijing injection on paraquat-induced pulmonary injury via down-regulating the expression of p38 MAPK in rats.	Paraquat	44-52	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	116-119
25511395-10	2014	RESULTS: After inducing acute lung injury with paraquat for 24 h, Xuebijing was observed to block lung p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB65, HIF-1alpha, p-IkappaB-alpha and TGF-beta1 expression, and increased Nrf2 and IkB expression.	Paraquat	47-55	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	105-108
25511395-10	2014	RESULTS: After inducing acute lung injury with paraquat for 24 h, Xuebijing was observed to block lung p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB65, HIF-1alpha, p-IkappaB-alpha and TGF-beta1 expression, and increased Nrf2 and IkB expression.	Paraquat	47-55	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	160-169
25511395-10	2014	RESULTS: After inducing acute lung injury with paraquat for 24 h, Xuebijing was observed to block lung p-p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB65, HIF-1alpha, p-IkappaB-alpha and TGF-beta1 expression, and increased Nrf2 and IkB expression.	Paraquat	47-55	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	196-200
25511395-16	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Inhibiting the expression of p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB65 was crucial for the protective effects of Xuebijing on paraquat-induced acute lung injury.	Paraquat	122-130	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	42-45
25474322-4	2014	We show that dMRP4 expression is elevated in response to oxidative stress (paraquat, hydrogen peroxide and hyperoxia) in Drosophila.	Paraquat	75-83	Multidrug resistance protein 4	Drosophila melanogaster	13-18
25474322-7	2014	By genetic manipulations, we demonstrate that dMRP4 is required for JNK (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase) activation during paraquat challenge and for basal transcription of some JNK target genes under normal condition.	Paraquat	118-126	Multidrug resistance protein 4	Drosophila melanogaster	46-51
25474322-7	2014	By genetic manipulations, we demonstrate that dMRP4 is required for JNK (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase) activation during paraquat challenge and for basal transcription of some JNK target genes under normal condition.	Paraquat	118-126	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	68-71
25474322-7	2014	By genetic manipulations, we demonstrate that dMRP4 is required for JNK (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase) activation during paraquat challenge and for basal transcription of some JNK target genes under normal condition.	Paraquat	118-126	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	73-98
25357233-0	2014	The role of p38 MAPK in acute paraquat-induced lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	30-38	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	12-15
25030410-1	2014	To explore therapeutic effects and underlying mechanism of Salubrinal combined with Ulinastatin (UTI) on acute Paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	111-119	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	84-95
25030410-1	2014	To explore therapeutic effects and underlying mechanism of Salubrinal combined with Ulinastatin (UTI) on acute Paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	121-123	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	84-95
24556028-4	2014	Exposure to paraquat led to a significant and time-dependent increase in CTGF expression (p &lt; 0.05) and induced changes in the morphology and biomechanical characteristics of the MRC-5 cells.	Paraquat	12-20	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	73-77
25357233-3	2014	The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway coordinates various cellular stress responses that have been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of PQ-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	181-183	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
25357233-4	2014	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the specific p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 on PQ-induced lung injury and cytokine secretion.	Paraquat	81-83	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	50-53
25823231-7	2014	Our study revealed alteration in proinflamatory factor, TNF-alpha and Eiger (the Drosophila homologue in TNF superfamily) was changed in PQ-treated Drosophila both at protein and mRNA level during neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	137-139	eiger	Drosophila melanogaster	56-65
25823231-7	2014	Our study revealed alteration in proinflamatory factor, TNF-alpha and Eiger (the Drosophila homologue in TNF superfamily) was changed in PQ-treated Drosophila both at protein and mRNA level during neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	137-139	eiger	Drosophila melanogaster	56-59
25823231-9	2014	Thus, our result revealed the conserved inflammatory events in terms of expression of TNF-alpha and Eiger present during a sublethal dose of PQ-administered neurodegeneration in male and female Drosophila with significant variation in proinflammatory factor level among both the sexes.	Paraquat	141-143	eiger	Drosophila melanogaster	86-95
25357233-11	2014	The PQ group had significantly higher pulmonary histology scores, wet-to-dry weight ratios and phosphorylated p-p38 MAPK levels, as well as higher IL-1beta and TNF-alpha levels in BALF and lung tissues, that did the SB + PQ and control groups (p &lt; 0.05, all).	Paraquat	4-6	mitogen activated protein kinase 14	Rattus norvegicus	112-115
25357233-11	2014	The PQ group had significantly higher pulmonary histology scores, wet-to-dry weight ratios and phosphorylated p-p38 MAPK levels, as well as higher IL-1beta and TNF-alpha levels in BALF and lung tissues, that did the SB + PQ and control groups (p &lt; 0.05, all).	Paraquat	4-6	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	147-155
25357233-11	2014	The PQ group had significantly higher pulmonary histology scores, wet-to-dry weight ratios and phosphorylated p-p38 MAPK levels, as well as higher IL-1beta and TNF-alpha levels in BALF and lung tissues, that did the SB + PQ and control groups (p &lt; 0.05, all).	Paraquat	4-6	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	160-169
25558754-5	2014	After 12 days of intoxication with PQ, the PQ-Control flies showed in- creases in H2O2 (4.336 +/- 0.108) and MDA levels (8.620 +/- 0.156), and in the activities of SOD and catalase (692.570 +/- 0.433 and 0.327 +/- 0.003, respectively) as compared to PQ-MEL (p&lt;0.001).	Paraquat	35-37	Catalase	Drosophila melanogaster	172-180
25674253-0	2014	Salidroside alleviates paraquat-induced rat acute lung injury by repressing TGF-beta1 expression.	Paraquat	23-31	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	76-85
25674253-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of salidroside (SDS) via suppressing the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in rat acute lung injury (ALI) induced by paraquat (PQ) and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms.	Paraquat	215-223	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-160
25674253-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of salidroside (SDS) via suppressing the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in rat acute lung injury (ALI) induced by paraquat (PQ) and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms.	Paraquat	215-223	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	162-171
25674253-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of salidroside (SDS) via suppressing the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in rat acute lung injury (ALI) induced by paraquat (PQ) and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms.	Paraquat	225-227	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	128-160
25674253-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of salidroside (SDS) via suppressing the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in rat acute lung injury (ALI) induced by paraquat (PQ) and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms.	Paraquat	225-227	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	162-171
25674253-9	2014	Moreover, SDS reduced the expression of the inflammatory cytokine TGF-beta1 including TGF-beta1 IHC scores (at each time point from 6 to 72 hours after PQ perfusion) and mRNA level (at each time point from 1 to 72 hours after PQ perfusion) compared with PQ groups (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	226-228	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-75
25674253-9	2014	Moreover, SDS reduced the expression of the inflammatory cytokine TGF-beta1 including TGF-beta1 IHC scores (at each time point from 6 to 72 hours after PQ perfusion) and mRNA level (at each time point from 1 to 72 hours after PQ perfusion) compared with PQ groups (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	226-228	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-75
25674253-10	2014	CONCLUSION: SDS alleviated the pulmonary symptoms of PQ-induced ALI, at least partially, by repressing inflammatory cell infiltration and the expression of TGF-beta1 resulting in delayed lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	53-55	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	156-165
25558754-5	2014	After 12 days of intoxication with PQ, the PQ-Control flies showed in- creases in H2O2 (4.336 +/- 0.108) and MDA levels (8.620 +/- 0.156), and in the activities of SOD and catalase (692.570 +/- 0.433 and 0.327 +/- 0.003, respectively) as compared to PQ-MEL (p&lt;0.001).	Paraquat	43-45	Catalase	Drosophila melanogaster	172-180
25091824-1	2014	Exposure to Paraquat and RNA interference knockdown of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Sod2) are known to result in significant lifespan reduction, locomotor dysfunction, and mitochondrial degeneration in Drosophila melanogaster.	Paraquat	12-20	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	91-95
25489417-0	2014	Paraquat Induces Apoptosis through Cytochrome C Release and ERK Activation.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	60-63
25489417-3	2014	Here, we demonstrate that extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) is required for paraquat-induced apoptosis in NIH3T3 cells.	Paraquat	94-102	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	26-71
25489417-3	2014	Here, we demonstrate that extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) is required for paraquat-induced apoptosis in NIH3T3 cells.	Paraquat	94-102	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	73-76
25489417-4	2014	Paraquat treatment resulted in activation of ERK, and U0126, inhibitors of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, prevented apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	45-48
25489417-4	2014	Paraquat treatment resulted in activation of ERK, and U0126, inhibitors of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, prevented apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-8	midkine	Mus musculus	79-82
25489417-4	2014	Paraquat treatment resulted in activation of ERK, and U0126, inhibitors of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, prevented apoptosis.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	83-86
25489417-5	2014	Moreover, paraquat-induced apoptosis was associated with cytochrome C release, which could be prevented by treatment with the MEK inhibitors.	Paraquat	10-18	midkine	Mus musculus	126-129
25489417-6	2014	Taken together, our findings suggest that ERK activation plays an active role in mediating paraquat-induced apoptosis of NIH3T3 cells.	Paraquat	91-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Mus musculus	42-45
25111661-6	2014	PQ also induced more apoptosis in pneumocytes from MT(-/-) mice, and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved-caspase-3, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were all more significantly increased in PQ-treated MT(-/-) mice.	Paraquat	0-2	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	115-118
25111661-6	2014	PQ also induced more apoptosis in pneumocytes from MT(-/-) mice, and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved-caspase-3, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were all more significantly increased in PQ-treated MT(-/-) mice.	Paraquat	0-2	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	120-125
25111661-6	2014	PQ also induced more apoptosis in pneumocytes from MT(-/-) mice, and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved-caspase-3, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were all more significantly increased in PQ-treated MT(-/-) mice.	Paraquat	0-2	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	163-166
25111661-6	2014	PQ also induced more apoptosis in pneumocytes from MT(-/-) mice, and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved-caspase-3, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were all more significantly increased in PQ-treated MT(-/-) mice.	Paraquat	0-2	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	167-172
25160910-7	2014	The production of downstream reactive oxygen species (ROS) and COX-2/p-p38 expression show that co-encapsulated SOD/CAT inside the HSNs renders the highest cell protection against the toxicant N,N"-dimethyl-4,4"-bipyridinium dichloride (paraquat).	Paraquat	237-245	catalase	Homo sapiens	116-119
25092649-8	2014	CONCLUSION: Taken together, our findings revealed that AMPK may mediate paraquat-induced myocardial anomalies possibly by regulating the AMPK/mTOR-dependent autophagy.	Paraquat	72-80	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Mus musculus	142-146
25015657-0	2014	MDR1 transporter protects against paraquat-induced toxicity in human and mouse proximal tubule cells.	Paraquat	34-42	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
25264029-4	2014	We demonstrated that activation of TLR3 by the double stranded RNA activator, Poly (I:C), during paraquat induced oxidative stress, significantly protected mouse photoreceptors, as measured by increased retinal structure, function, and improved visual acuity.	Paraquat	97-105	toll-like receptor 3	Mus musculus	35-39
25419373-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible relationship and mechanism of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and acute lung injury induced by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	130-138	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	69-89
25419373-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible relationship and mechanism of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and acute lung injury induced by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	130-138	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	91-95
25419373-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible relationship and mechanism of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and acute lung injury induced by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	140-142	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	69-89
25419373-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible relationship and mechanism of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and acute lung injury induced by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	140-142	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	91-95
25419373-5	2014	TLR4-deficient mice were significantly resistant to paraquat-induced lung injury.	Paraquat	52-60	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	0-4
25579023-7	2014	Compared with paraquat poisioning group, the pulmonary SOD, Nrf2 mRNA and protein were increased and the lung wet dry ratio were all significantly decreased in mice of THD treatment group at 1 d, 3 d, 7 d (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	14-22	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	60-64
25579023-10	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Lipid peroxide damage was one of the mechanisms of paraquat poisioning, thalidomide could attenuate paraquat-induced acute lung injury and its mechanism may be activating the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway to protect mouse from Lipid peroxide damage.	Paraquat	64-72	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	188-192
25310369-4	2014	The relative uptake of PC-FLT-1 was evaluated using H2O2-treated UOK262 renal carcinoma cells and a paraquat-induced oxidative stress cell model, demonstrating ROS-dependent tracer accumulation.	Paraquat	100-108	fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	26-31
24819147-5	2014	Exposed mth(1) flies exhibit significant resistance against PQ-induced Parkinson"s phenotypes and behavior in terms of oxidative stress, dopaminergic neuronal degeneration, locomotor performance, dopamine content, phosphorylated JNK, pFOXO, Hid, and cleaved caspase-3 levels.	Paraquat	60-62	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	229-232
24819147-5	2014	Exposed mth(1) flies exhibit significant resistance against PQ-induced Parkinson"s phenotypes and behavior in terms of oxidative stress, dopaminergic neuronal degeneration, locomotor performance, dopamine content, phosphorylated JNK, pFOXO, Hid, and cleaved caspase-3 levels.	Paraquat	60-62	Death executioner caspase related to Apopain/Yama	Drosophila melanogaster	250-267
24819147-7	2014	The study suggests that lesser activation of JNK-mediated apoptosis in dopaminergic neurons of exposed mth(1) flies protects the organism from PQ-induced damage, which may be causally linked to a common mechanism for PQ-induced neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	143-145	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	45-48
24819147-7	2014	The study suggests that lesser activation of JNK-mediated apoptosis in dopaminergic neurons of exposed mth(1) flies protects the organism from PQ-induced damage, which may be causally linked to a common mechanism for PQ-induced neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	217-219	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	45-48
25015657-5	2014	In RPTEC cells, reduction of MDR1 activity using the antagonist PSC833 or siRNA transfection increased the cellular accumulation of paraquat by 50%.	Paraquat	132-140	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Mus musculus	29-33
25015657-7	2014	Likewise, stable overexpression of the human MDR1 gene in HEK293 cells reduced intracellular levels of paraquat by 50%.	Paraquat	103-111	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	45-49
25015657-9	2014	At 4 h after paraquat treatment, renal concentrations of paraquat in the kidneys of Mdr1a/1b knockout mice were 750% higher than wild-type mice.	Paraquat	13-21	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1A	Mus musculus	84-89
25015657-9	2014	At 4 h after paraquat treatment, renal concentrations of paraquat in the kidneys of Mdr1a/1b knockout mice were 750% higher than wild-type mice.	Paraquat	57-65	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1A	Mus musculus	84-89
25015657-10	2014	By 72 h, paraquat-treated Mdr1a/1b knockout mice had more extensive tubular degeneration and significantly greater mRNA expression of kidney injury-responsive genes, including kidney injury molecule-1, lipocalin-2, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, compared with wild-type mice.	Paraquat	9-17	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1A	Mus musculus	26-31
25015657-10	2014	By 72 h, paraquat-treated Mdr1a/1b knockout mice had more extensive tubular degeneration and significantly greater mRNA expression of kidney injury-responsive genes, including kidney injury molecule-1, lipocalin-2, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, compared with wild-type mice.	Paraquat	9-17	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1	Mus musculus	176-200
25015657-10	2014	By 72 h, paraquat-treated Mdr1a/1b knockout mice had more extensive tubular degeneration and significantly greater mRNA expression of kidney injury-responsive genes, including kidney injury molecule-1, lipocalin-2, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, compared with wild-type mice.	Paraquat	9-17	lipocalin 2	Mus musculus	202-213
25015657-10	2014	By 72 h, paraquat-treated Mdr1a/1b knockout mice had more extensive tubular degeneration and significantly greater mRNA expression of kidney injury-responsive genes, including kidney injury molecule-1, lipocalin-2, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, compared with wild-type mice.	Paraquat	9-17	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1	Mus musculus	219-251
24928220-5	2014	Tolerance to oxidative stress caused by heating and paraquat (PQ) treatment was higher in the mit-hMTH1 and chl-hMTH1 plants than in the control and cyt-hMTH1 plants.	Paraquat	52-60	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	98-103
25226030-6	2014	Additionally, over-expression of E-cadherin limits prohemocyte differentiation resulting from paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	94-102	shotgun	Drosophila melanogaster	33-43
25175654-9	2014	These data provide a molecular proof(s) of the STN-produced protective effects on the PQ-induced pulmonary inflammation, which is antagonized by PPARgamma antagonist indicating its anti-inflammatory effects via PPARgamma receptors.	Paraquat	86-88	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	145-154
25175654-9	2014	These data provide a molecular proof(s) of the STN-produced protective effects on the PQ-induced pulmonary inflammation, which is antagonized by PPARgamma antagonist indicating its anti-inflammatory effects via PPARgamma receptors.	Paraquat	86-88	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	211-220
24937102-8	2014	Overexpression of G6PD selectively increased paraquat toxicity, while its inhibition with 6-aminonicotinamide inhibited paraquat-induced oxidative stress and cell death.	Paraquat	45-53	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	18-22
24105845-4	2014	In contrast, PQ efflux from cells is reported to be mediated by P-glycoprotein.	Paraquat	13-15	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	64-78
24105845-9	2014	Meanwhile, inhibiting the efflux pump P-glycoprotein using GF120918 significantly enhanced PQ-induced cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	91-93	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	38-52
24105845-11	2014	P-glycoprotein extrudes PQ back to the extracellular medium.	Paraquat	24-26	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
25175654-0	2014	Atorvastatin attenuates the paraquat-induced pulmonary inflammation via PPARgamma receptors: a new indication for atorvastatin.	Paraquat	28-36	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	72-81
25175654-1	2014	This study was carried out to highlight the role of PPARgamma receptors and atorvastatin"s protective effect on paraquat (PQ)-induced inflammation in the lungs.	Paraquat	112-120	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	52-61
25175654-1	2014	This study was carried out to highlight the role of PPARgamma receptors and atorvastatin"s protective effect on paraquat (PQ)-induced inflammation in the lungs.	Paraquat	122-124	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	52-61
25175654-6	2014	Immunohistochemistry studies showed that the PQ-induced inflammation resulted in a severe recruitment of CD68(+) macrophages, which PGT and STN remarkably diminished them.	Paraquat	45-47	Cd68 molecule	Rattus norvegicus	105-109
25056921-6	2014	RD20 also confers tolerance against stress induced by Paraquat, Rose Bengal, heavy metal, and the synthetic auxins 1-naphthaleneacetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.	Paraquat	54-62	Caleosin-related family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
24928220-5	2014	Tolerance to oxidative stress caused by heating and paraquat (PQ) treatment was higher in the mit-hMTH1 and chl-hMTH1 plants than in the control and cyt-hMTH1 plants.	Paraquat	52-60	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	112-117
24928220-5	2014	Tolerance to oxidative stress caused by heating and paraquat (PQ) treatment was higher in the mit-hMTH1 and chl-hMTH1 plants than in the control and cyt-hMTH1 plants.	Paraquat	52-60	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	112-117
24928220-5	2014	Tolerance to oxidative stress caused by heating and paraquat (PQ) treatment was higher in the mit-hMTH1 and chl-hMTH1 plants than in the control and cyt-hMTH1 plants.	Paraquat	62-64	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	98-103
24928220-5	2014	Tolerance to oxidative stress caused by heating and paraquat (PQ) treatment was higher in the mit-hMTH1 and chl-hMTH1 plants than in the control and cyt-hMTH1 plants.	Paraquat	62-64	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	112-117
24928220-5	2014	Tolerance to oxidative stress caused by heating and paraquat (PQ) treatment was higher in the mit-hMTH1 and chl-hMTH1 plants than in the control and cyt-hMTH1 plants.	Paraquat	62-64	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	112-117
24928220-7	2014	The poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PAR) reaction, which regulates repair systems for damaged DNA, was activated in the mit-hMTH1 and chl-hMTH1 plants under heat stress and PQ treatment.	Paraquat	165-167	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	116-121
24928220-7	2014	The poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PAR) reaction, which regulates repair systems for damaged DNA, was activated in the mit-hMTH1 and chl-hMTH1 plants under heat stress and PQ treatment.	Paraquat	165-167	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	130-135
24866057-0	2014	Hydrogen peroxide responsive miR153 targets Nrf2/ARE cytoprotection in paraquat induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	71-79	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-48
25153082-0	2014	Pharmacological inhibition of CXCR2 chemokine receptors modulates paraquat-induced intoxication in rats.	Paraquat	66-74	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	30-35
25153082-6	2014	The major changes found in paraquat-treated animals were: decreased body weight and hypothermia, nociception behavior, impairment of locomotor and gait capabilities, enhanced TNF-alpha and IL-1beta expression in the striatum, and cell migration to the lungs and blood.	Paraquat	27-35	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	175-184
25153082-6	2014	The major changes found in paraquat-treated animals were: decreased body weight and hypothermia, nociception behavior, impairment of locomotor and gait capabilities, enhanced TNF-alpha and IL-1beta expression in the striatum, and cell migration to the lungs and blood.	Paraquat	27-35	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	189-197
25153082-8	2014	Taken together, our results demonstrate that damage to the central and peripheral systems elicited by paraquat can be prevented by the pharmacological inhibition of CXCR2 chemokine receptors.	Paraquat	102-110	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus	165-170
25230871-10	2014	It was shown by immunohistochemistry staining that compared with control group, the positive expression of LC3-II was obviously decreased in the PQ poisoning group, Sal 0.5, and Sal 1.0 groups (A value: 78.34 +- 10.71, 76.52 +- 8.21, 77.48 +- 9.11 vs. 117.58 +- 15.26, all P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	145-147	annexin A3	Rattus norvegicus	107-110
25230871-12	2014	Western Blot results showed: compared with the control group, the protein expressions of LC3-II and caspase-3 were significantly increased in PQ poisoning group [LC3-II (A value): 0.22 +- 0.05 vs. 0.14 +- 0.03, caspase-3 (A value): 0.115 +- 0.013 vs. 0.023 +- 0.006, both P&lt;0.05].	Paraquat	142-144	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	100-109
25230871-12	2014	Western Blot results showed: compared with the control group, the protein expressions of LC3-II and caspase-3 were significantly increased in PQ poisoning group [LC3-II (A value): 0.22 +- 0.05 vs. 0.14 +- 0.03, caspase-3 (A value): 0.115 +- 0.013 vs. 0.023 +- 0.006, both P&lt;0.05].	Paraquat	142-144	annexin A3	Rattus norvegicus	89-92
25230871-12	2014	Western Blot results showed: compared with the control group, the protein expressions of LC3-II and caspase-3 were significantly increased in PQ poisoning group [LC3-II (A value): 0.22 +- 0.05 vs. 0.14 +- 0.03, caspase-3 (A value): 0.115 +- 0.013 vs. 0.023 +- 0.006, both P&lt;0.05].	Paraquat	142-144	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	211-220
24866057-4	2014	In the current study we investigated whether PQ impairs Nrf2 and its related cytoprotective machinery by misexpression of specific fine tune miRs in SH-SY5Y neurons.	Paraquat	45-47	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	56-60
24866057-5	2014	Real time PCR analysis revealed that PQ significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased the expression of brain enriched miR153 with an associated decrease in Nrf2 and its function as revealed by decrease in 4x ARE activity and expression of GCLC and NQO1.	Paraquat	37-39	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	147-151
24866057-5	2014	Real time PCR analysis revealed that PQ significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased the expression of brain enriched miR153 with an associated decrease in Nrf2 and its function as revealed by decrease in 4x ARE activity and expression of GCLC and NQO1.	Paraquat	37-39	glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit	Homo sapiens	230-234
24866057-5	2014	Real time PCR analysis revealed that PQ significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased the expression of brain enriched miR153 with an associated decrease in Nrf2 and its function as revealed by decrease in 4x ARE activity and expression of GCLC and NQO1.	Paraquat	37-39	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	239-243
24866057-6	2014	Also, PQ and H2O2-induced decrease in Nrf2 3" UTR activity was restored on miR153 site mutation suggesting a 3" UTR interacting role.	Paraquat	6-8	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	38-42
24866057-9	2014	In addition, Ad cCAT significantly (p&lt;0.05) negated the PQ induced dysregulation of Nrf2 and function along with minimizing ROS, caspase 3/7 activation and neuronal death.	Paraquat	59-61	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
24866057-9	2014	In addition, Ad cCAT significantly (p&lt;0.05) negated the PQ induced dysregulation of Nrf2 and function along with minimizing ROS, caspase 3/7 activation and neuronal death.	Paraquat	59-61	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	132-141
24893116-6	2014	On day 3, FTY720 administration reduced PQ-induced increases in lung wet weight/body weight (LW/BW), total protein and cytokine levels including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in bronchoalceolar lavage fluid (BALF).	Paraquat	40-42	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	145-162
24893116-6	2014	On day 3, FTY720 administration reduced PQ-induced increases in lung wet weight/body weight (LW/BW), total protein and cytokine levels including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in bronchoalceolar lavage fluid (BALF).	Paraquat	40-42	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	175-188
24893116-6	2014	On day 3, FTY720 administration reduced PQ-induced increases in lung wet weight/body weight (LW/BW), total protein and cytokine levels including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in bronchoalceolar lavage fluid (BALF).	Paraquat	40-42	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	190-194
24893116-6	2014	On day 3, FTY720 administration reduced PQ-induced increases in lung wet weight/body weight (LW/BW), total protein and cytokine levels including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in bronchoalceolar lavage fluid (BALF).	Paraquat	40-42	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	200-227
24893116-6	2014	On day 3, FTY720 administration reduced PQ-induced increases in lung wet weight/body weight (LW/BW), total protein and cytokine levels including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in bronchoalceolar lavage fluid (BALF).	Paraquat	40-42	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	229-238
24899077-6	2014	Silencing of RBOH1 compromised BR-induced apoplastic H2O2 production, ABA accumulation, and PQ stress responses; however, ABA-induced PQ stress responses were largely unchanged in the RBOH1-silenced plants.	Paraquat	92-94	NADPH oxidase	Solanum lycopersicum	13-18
24771067-0	2014	CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress regulates HO-1 and GST expression in maneb- and paraquat-treated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Paraquat	81-89	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
24771067-0	2014	CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress regulates HO-1 and GST expression in maneb- and paraquat-treated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	Paraquat	81-89	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-47
24771067-8	2014	CYP2E1 inhibitor, DAS noticeably alleviated maneb- and paraquat-induced ROS, LPO, 4-HNE, SOD, Nrf2 and HO-1, GST, GSH, and GST-pi while iNOS, nitrite content and GSTA4-4 levels were unchanged.	Paraquat	55-63	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-6
24771067-1	2014	Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione-S-transferase A4-4 (GSTA4-4), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are implicated in maneb- and paraquat-induced toxicity leading to various pathological conditions.	Paraquat	143-151	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-18
24771067-8	2014	CYP2E1 inhibitor, DAS noticeably alleviated maneb- and paraquat-induced ROS, LPO, 4-HNE, SOD, Nrf2 and HO-1, GST, GSH, and GST-pi while iNOS, nitrite content and GSTA4-4 levels were unchanged.	Paraquat	55-63	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	94-98
24771067-1	2014	Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione-S-transferase A4-4 (GSTA4-4), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are implicated in maneb- and paraquat-induced toxicity leading to various pathological conditions.	Paraquat	143-151	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	20-26
24771067-8	2014	CYP2E1 inhibitor, DAS noticeably alleviated maneb- and paraquat-induced ROS, LPO, 4-HNE, SOD, Nrf2 and HO-1, GST, GSH, and GST-pi while iNOS, nitrite content and GSTA4-4 levels were unchanged.	Paraquat	55-63	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	103-107
24771067-1	2014	Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione-S-transferase A4-4 (GSTA4-4), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are implicated in maneb- and paraquat-induced toxicity leading to various pathological conditions.	Paraquat	143-151	glutathione S-transferase alpha 4	Rattus norvegicus	61-68
24771067-8	2014	CYP2E1 inhibitor, DAS noticeably alleviated maneb- and paraquat-induced ROS, LPO, 4-HNE, SOD, Nrf2 and HO-1, GST, GSH, and GST-pi while iNOS, nitrite content and GSTA4-4 levels were unchanged.	Paraquat	55-63	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	136-140
24771067-1	2014	Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione-S-transferase A4-4 (GSTA4-4), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are implicated in maneb- and paraquat-induced toxicity leading to various pathological conditions.	Paraquat	143-151	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	75-106
24771067-8	2014	CYP2E1 inhibitor, DAS noticeably alleviated maneb- and paraquat-induced ROS, LPO, 4-HNE, SOD, Nrf2 and HO-1, GST, GSH, and GST-pi while iNOS, nitrite content and GSTA4-4 levels were unchanged.	Paraquat	55-63	glutathione S-transferase alpha 4	Rattus norvegicus	162-169
24771067-1	2014	Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione-S-transferase A4-4 (GSTA4-4), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are implicated in maneb- and paraquat-induced toxicity leading to various pathological conditions.	Paraquat	143-151	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	108-112
24771067-9	2014	Conversely, AG, an iNOS inhibitor, attenuated maneb- and paraquat-directed changes in nitrite, LPO, iNOS but it did not alter ROS, GSH, SOD, GST, GST-pi, Nrf2, HO-1, CYP2E1, and GSTA4-4.	Paraquat	57-65	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	100-104
24771067-2	2014	The study aimed to investigate the role of CYP2E1 in maneb- and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and its crosstalk with iNOS-mediated nitrosative stress and GSTA4-4-linked protective effect, if any and their consequent links with the nuclear factor erythoid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression.	Paraquat	64-72	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-49
24771067-10	2014	The results demonstrate that CYP2E1 induces iNOS-independent free radical generation and subsequently modulates the Nrf2-dependent HO-1 and 4-HNE-mediated GST expression in maneb- and paraquat-treated PMNs.	Paraquat	184-192	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	29-35
24771067-2	2014	The study aimed to investigate the role of CYP2E1 in maneb- and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and its crosstalk with iNOS-mediated nitrosative stress and GSTA4-4-linked protective effect, if any and their consequent links with the nuclear factor erythoid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression.	Paraquat	64-72	glutathione S-transferase alpha 4	Rattus norvegicus	201-208
24771067-10	2014	The results demonstrate that CYP2E1 induces iNOS-independent free radical generation and subsequently modulates the Nrf2-dependent HO-1 and 4-HNE-mediated GST expression in maneb- and paraquat-treated PMNs.	Paraquat	184-192	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	44-48
24771067-10	2014	The results demonstrate that CYP2E1 induces iNOS-independent free radical generation and subsequently modulates the Nrf2-dependent HO-1 and 4-HNE-mediated GST expression in maneb- and paraquat-treated PMNs.	Paraquat	184-192	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	116-120
24771067-2	2014	The study aimed to investigate the role of CYP2E1 in maneb- and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and its crosstalk with iNOS-mediated nitrosative stress and GSTA4-4-linked protective effect, if any and their consequent links with the nuclear factor erythoid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression.	Paraquat	64-72	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	278-320
24771067-10	2014	The results demonstrate that CYP2E1 induces iNOS-independent free radical generation and subsequently modulates the Nrf2-dependent HO-1 and 4-HNE-mediated GST expression in maneb- and paraquat-treated PMNs.	Paraquat	184-192	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
24771067-2	2014	The study aimed to investigate the role of CYP2E1 in maneb- and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and its crosstalk with iNOS-mediated nitrosative stress and GSTA4-4-linked protective effect, if any and their consequent links with the nuclear factor erythoid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression.	Paraquat	64-72	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	322-326
24771067-2	2014	The study aimed to investigate the role of CYP2E1 in maneb- and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and its crosstalk with iNOS-mediated nitrosative stress and GSTA4-4-linked protective effect, if any and their consequent links with the nuclear factor erythoid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression.	Paraquat	64-72	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	343-359
24771067-2	2014	The study aimed to investigate the role of CYP2E1 in maneb- and paraquat-induced oxidative stress in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and its crosstalk with iNOS-mediated nitrosative stress and GSTA4-4-linked protective effect, if any and their consequent links with the nuclear factor erythoid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression.	Paraquat	64-72	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	361-365
24887138-0	2014	Heat shock protein-70 (Hsp-70) suppresses paraquat-induced neurodegeneration by inhibiting JNK and caspase-3 activation in Drosophila model of Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	42-50	Heat-shock-protein-70Ab	Drosophila melanogaster	0-21
28962262-10	2014	In conclusion, immunosuppression therapy with intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide may counteract immune mediated inflammation after paraquat poisoning and improve survival of patients with admission eGFR &lt; 50 ml/min/1.73 m2 and WBC count &gt; 11,000/muL.	Paraquat	148-156	epidermal growth factor receptor	Homo sapiens	215-219
24130211-0	2014	Changes in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase 55 kDa gamma expression and subcellular localization may be caspase 6 dependent in paraquat-induced SH-SY5Y apoptosis.	Paraquat	124-132	caspase 6	Homo sapiens	101-110
24130211-7	2014	Apoptosis induced by PQ was associated with caspase activation and decreased p55PIK expression.	Paraquat	21-23	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3	Homo sapiens	77-83
24130211-11	2014	The results suggest that p55PIK may be involved in PQ-induced apoptosis signal transduction and that N24 is crucial for p55PIK subcellular localization.	Paraquat	51-53	phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3	Homo sapiens	25-31
24792388-6	2014	Methyl viologen (MV), an inducer of oxidative stress in plants, enhanced the NTRA transcripts.	Paraquat	0-15	NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase A	Arabidopsis thaliana	77-81
24792388-6	2014	Methyl viologen (MV), an inducer of oxidative stress in plants, enhanced the NTRA transcripts.	Paraquat	17-19	NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase A	Arabidopsis thaliana	77-81
24896179-7	2014	Knockdown of USP30 in dopaminergic neurons protects flies against paraquat toxicity in vivo, ameliorating defects in dopamine levels, motor function and organismal survival.	Paraquat	66-74	ubiquitin specific peptidase 30	Homo sapiens	13-18
24685904-8	2014	Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated association of MRP2 and MDR1 up-regulation with increased resistance to cell death induced by 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, an MRP2 substrate precursor, and by paraquat, an MDR1 substrate.	Paraquat	192-200	ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 2	Homo sapiens	48-52
24685904-8	2014	Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated association of MRP2 and MDR1 up-regulation with increased resistance to cell death induced by 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, an MRP2 substrate precursor, and by paraquat, an MDR1 substrate.	Paraquat	192-200	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
24685904-8	2014	Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated association of MRP2 and MDR1 up-regulation with increased resistance to cell death induced by 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, an MRP2 substrate precursor, and by paraquat, an MDR1 substrate.	Paraquat	192-200	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	205-209
25057436-7	2014	Finally, when cultured on paraquat-added medium, full length SCOX transgenic flies also exhibited an elongated lifespan.	Paraquat	26-34	acyl-CoA oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
24392654-6	2014	Consistently, methyl viologen, an inducer of ROS generation in chloroplasts, highly activated WIPK expression.	Paraquat	14-29	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3-like	Nicotiana tabacum	94-98
24887138-7	2014	Further, anti-apoptotic effect of hsp70 was shown to confer better homeostasis in the dopaminergic neurons of PQ-exposed organism as evidenced by their improved locomotor performance and survival.	Paraquat	110-112	Heat-shock-protein-70Ab	Drosophila melanogaster	34-39
24887138-8	2014	The study has merit in the context of human concern since we observed protection of dopaminergic neurons in PQ-exposed organism by over-expressing a human homologue of hsp70, HSPA1L, in these cells.	Paraquat	108-110	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 4	Homo sapiens	168-173
24887138-8	2014	The study has merit in the context of human concern since we observed protection of dopaminergic neurons in PQ-exposed organism by over-expressing a human homologue of hsp70, HSPA1L, in these cells.	Paraquat	108-110	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1 like	Homo sapiens	175-181
24887138-0	2014	Heat shock protein-70 (Hsp-70) suppresses paraquat-induced neurodegeneration by inhibiting JNK and caspase-3 activation in Drosophila model of Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	42-50	Heat-shock-protein-70Ab	Drosophila melanogaster	23-29
24887138-0	2014	Heat shock protein-70 (Hsp-70) suppresses paraquat-induced neurodegeneration by inhibiting JNK and caspase-3 activation in Drosophila model of Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	42-50	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	91-94
24887138-0	2014	Heat shock protein-70 (Hsp-70) suppresses paraquat-induced neurodegeneration by inhibiting JNK and caspase-3 activation in Drosophila model of Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	42-50	Death executioner caspase related to Apopain/Yama	Drosophila melanogaster	99-108
24887138-4	2014	However, paucity of information regarding the protective role of Hsp70 on PQ-induced PD like symptoms led us to hypothesize that modulation of hsp70 expression in the dopaminergic neurons would improve the health of these cells.	Paraquat	74-76	Heat-shock-protein-70Ab	Drosophila melanogaster	143-148
24887138-6	2014	Over-expression of hsp70 was found to reduce PQ-induced oxidative stress along with JNK and caspase-3 mediated dopaminergic neuronal cell death in exposed organism.	Paraquat	45-47	Heat-shock-protein-70Ab	Drosophila melanogaster	19-24
24486555-3	2014	Here we report that Nar1 deficiency results in shortened lifespan and sensitivity to paraquat that is rescued by increased expression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase.	Paraquat	85-93	iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein NAR1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	20-24
24743698-5	2014	A decline in intracellular dopamine content achieved by inhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), an enzyme for dopamine synthesis, conferred resistance to paraquat toxicity on dopaminergic cells.	Paraquat	152-160	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	67-87
24743698-5	2014	A decline in intracellular dopamine content achieved by inhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), an enzyme for dopamine synthesis, conferred resistance to paraquat toxicity on dopaminergic cells.	Paraquat	152-160	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	89-91
24743698-6	2014	Paraquat increased the levels of cytosolic and vesicular dopamine, accompanied by transiently increased TH activity.	Paraquat	0-8	tyrosine hydroxylase	Rattus norvegicus	104-106
24509835-9	2014	By increasing calpain activity, paraquat induced a pathological cascade leading to inhibition of autophagy clearance and accumulation of calpain-cleaved truncated and insoluble alpha-syn, recapitulating biochemical and structural changes in human PD.	Paraquat	32-40	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	177-186
24722990-8	2014	Nnt-deficient cells possessed higher levels of oxidized mitochondrial Prx, which rendered them more susceptible to steady-state increases in H2O2 and cell death following exposure to subtoxic levels of paraquat.	Paraquat	202-210	nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase	Homo sapiens	0-3
24722990-8	2014	Nnt-deficient cells possessed higher levels of oxidized mitochondrial Prx, which rendered them more susceptible to steady-state increases in H2O2 and cell death following exposure to subtoxic levels of paraquat.	Paraquat	202-210	periaxin	Homo sapiens	70-73
24755084-5	2014	Caspase-mediated apoptosis pathway contributed importantly to PQ toxicity, as revealed by the activation of caspase-9/-3, cleavage of PARP, and regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax, which were also effectively blocked by beta-HB.	Paraquat	62-64	caspase 9	Rattus norvegicus	108-117
24755084-5	2014	Caspase-mediated apoptosis pathway contributed importantly to PQ toxicity, as revealed by the activation of caspase-9/-3, cleavage of PARP, and regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax, which were also effectively blocked by beta-HB.	Paraquat	62-64	BCL2, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	158-163
24755084-5	2014	Caspase-mediated apoptosis pathway contributed importantly to PQ toxicity, as revealed by the activation of caspase-9/-3, cleavage of PARP, and regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax, which were also effectively blocked by beta-HB.	Paraquat	62-64	BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator	Rattus norvegicus	168-171
24736663-3	2014	This effect can be reversed by the specific TrkA tyrosine kinase inhibitor GW441756, by the multi-kinase TrkA inhibitors K252a, CEP-701 and Go6976, which inhibit SOD2 expression, and by siRNA knockdown of SOD2 expression, which restores the sensitivity of TrkAIII expressing SH-SY5Y cells to Rotenone, Paraquat and LY83583-induced mitochondrial free radical ROS production and ROS-mediated death.	Paraquat	302-310	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	44-48
24736663-3	2014	This effect can be reversed by the specific TrkA tyrosine kinase inhibitor GW441756, by the multi-kinase TrkA inhibitors K252a, CEP-701 and Go6976, which inhibit SOD2 expression, and by siRNA knockdown of SOD2 expression, which restores the sensitivity of TrkAIII expressing SH-SY5Y cells to Rotenone, Paraquat and LY83583-induced mitochondrial free radical ROS production and ROS-mediated death.	Paraquat	302-310	neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	105-109
24736663-3	2014	This effect can be reversed by the specific TrkA tyrosine kinase inhibitor GW441756, by the multi-kinase TrkA inhibitors K252a, CEP-701 and Go6976, which inhibit SOD2 expression, and by siRNA knockdown of SOD2 expression, which restores the sensitivity of TrkAIII expressing SH-SY5Y cells to Rotenone, Paraquat and LY83583-induced mitochondrial free radical ROS production and ROS-mediated death.	Paraquat	302-310	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	162-166
24714343-0	2014	Paraquat-induced reactive oxygen species inhibit neutrophil apoptosis via a p38 MAPK/NF-kappaB-IL-6/TNF-alpha positive-feedback circuit.	Paraquat	0-8	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	95-99
24714343-0	2014	Paraquat-induced reactive oxygen species inhibit neutrophil apoptosis via a p38 MAPK/NF-kappaB-IL-6/TNF-alpha positive-feedback circuit.	Paraquat	0-8	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	100-109
24219321-1	2014	Fibroblasts from long-lived mutant mice show diminished phosphorylation of the stress-activated protein kinases ERK1/2 after exposure to peroxide, cadmium, or paraquat.	Paraquat	159-167	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	112-118
24912632-0	2014	[Relationship between endothelial damage and p120-catenin in paraquat intoxication and the protective effect of mangiferin].	Paraquat	61-69	catenin delta 1	Homo sapiens	45-57
24912632-14	2014	CONCLUSIONS: The p120-ctn protein plays an important role in the enhancement of endothelial permeability in paraquat intoxication, and mangiferin may attenuate endothelial injury in paraquat intoxication possibly through modulation of p120-ctn protein.	Paraquat	108-116	catenin delta 1	Homo sapiens	17-25
24912633-15	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Paraquat can cause acute liver injury in rats, with caspase-3, -8, -9, -12 activities markedly enhanced, and liver injury may be associated with an early high expression of TNF-alpha, iNOS and p53 gene.	Paraquat	13-21	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	65-82
24912633-15	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Paraquat can cause acute liver injury in rats, with caspase-3, -8, -9, -12 activities markedly enhanced, and liver injury may be associated with an early high expression of TNF-alpha, iNOS and p53 gene.	Paraquat	13-21	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	186-195
24912633-15	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Paraquat can cause acute liver injury in rats, with caspase-3, -8, -9, -12 activities markedly enhanced, and liver injury may be associated with an early high expression of TNF-alpha, iNOS and p53 gene.	Paraquat	13-21	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	197-201
24912633-15	2014	CONCLUSIONS: Paraquat can cause acute liver injury in rats, with caspase-3, -8, -9, -12 activities markedly enhanced, and liver injury may be associated with an early high expression of TNF-alpha, iNOS and p53 gene.	Paraquat	13-21	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	206-209
24912635-0	2014	[Total flavonoids from Astragalus complanatus attenuates lung injury following paraquat poisoning in rats through inhibiting excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway].	Paraquat	79-87	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Rattus norvegicus	168-191
24912636-20	2014	The expression of Mfn2 in PQ group was increased gradually under stress, but its rate was low.	Paraquat	26-28	mitofusin 2	Rattus norvegicus	18-22
24912639-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced protein 6 (TSG-6) on acute kidney injury (AKI) following paraquat poisoning in rats.	Paraquat	130-138	TNF alpha induced protein 6	Rattus norvegicus	37-82
24912639-1	2014	OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced protein 6 (TSG-6) on acute kidney injury (AKI) following paraquat poisoning in rats.	Paraquat	130-138	TNF alpha induced protein 6	Homo sapiens	84-89
24912639-11	2014	CONCLUSIONS: TSG-6 attenuates AKI following paraquat poisoning by suppressing inflammatory response.	Paraquat	44-52	TNF alpha induced protein 6	Homo sapiens	13-18
24561720-0	2014	Naringenin exerts cytoprotective effect against paraquat-induced toxicity in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells through NRF2 activation.	Paraquat	48-56	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	126-130
24561720-6	2014	We also observed that treatment with NG in PQ-exposed BEAS-2B cells can significantly induce the expression of antioxidant-related genes, including GPX2, GPX3, GPX5, and GPX7.	Paraquat	43-45	glutathione peroxidase 2	Homo sapiens	148-152
24561720-6	2014	We also observed that treatment with NG in PQ-exposed BEAS-2B cells can significantly induce the expression of antioxidant-related genes, including GPX2, GPX3, GPX5, and GPX7.	Paraquat	43-45	glutathione peroxidase 3	Homo sapiens	154-158
24561720-6	2014	We also observed that treatment with NG in PQ-exposed BEAS-2B cells can significantly induce the expression of antioxidant-related genes, including GPX2, GPX3, GPX5, and GPX7.	Paraquat	43-45	glutathione peroxidase 5	Homo sapiens	160-164
24561720-6	2014	We also observed that treatment with NG in PQ-exposed BEAS-2B cells can significantly induce the expression of antioxidant-related genes, including GPX2, GPX3, GPX5, and GPX7.	Paraquat	43-45	glutathione peroxidase 7	Homo sapiens	170-174
24561720-9	2014	A small interfering RNA study revealed that the knockdown of NRF2 can abrogate NG-mediated protection of the cells from PQ-induced cellular toxicity.	Paraquat	120-122	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	61-65
24561720-10	2014	We propose that NG effectively alleviates PQ-induced cytotoxicity in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells through the NRF2-regulated antioxidant defense pathway, and NG might be a good therapeutic candidate molecule in oxidative stress-related diseases.	Paraquat	42-44	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	122-126
25169090-9	2014	Both paraquat group and curcumin intervention group showed increase in MDA content, decreases in SOD and CAT activities, increases in HO-1 and NQO-1 activities, and increases in the protein and mRNA levels of Nrf2, in comparison with the control group (P &lt; 0.05 for all except HO-1 activity in paraquat group on day 7).	Paraquat	5-13	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	105-108
25169090-9	2014	Both paraquat group and curcumin intervention group showed increase in MDA content, decreases in SOD and CAT activities, increases in HO-1 and NQO-1 activities, and increases in the protein and mRNA levels of Nrf2, in comparison with the control group (P &lt; 0.05 for all except HO-1 activity in paraquat group on day 7).	Paraquat	5-13	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	134-138
25169090-9	2014	Both paraquat group and curcumin intervention group showed increase in MDA content, decreases in SOD and CAT activities, increases in HO-1 and NQO-1 activities, and increases in the protein and mRNA levels of Nrf2, in comparison with the control group (P &lt; 0.05 for all except HO-1 activity in paraquat group on day 7).	Paraquat	5-13	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	143-148
25169090-9	2014	Both paraquat group and curcumin intervention group showed increase in MDA content, decreases in SOD and CAT activities, increases in HO-1 and NQO-1 activities, and increases in the protein and mRNA levels of Nrf2, in comparison with the control group (P &lt; 0.05 for all except HO-1 activity in paraquat group on day 7).	Paraquat	5-13	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	209-213
25169090-9	2014	Both paraquat group and curcumin intervention group showed increase in MDA content, decreases in SOD and CAT activities, increases in HO-1 and NQO-1 activities, and increases in the protein and mRNA levels of Nrf2, in comparison with the control group (P &lt; 0.05 for all except HO-1 activity in paraquat group on day 7).	Paraquat	5-13	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	280-284
25169090-9	2014	Both paraquat group and curcumin intervention group showed increase in MDA content, decreases in SOD and CAT activities, increases in HO-1 and NQO-1 activities, and increases in the protein and mRNA levels of Nrf2, in comparison with the control group (P &lt; 0.05 for all except HO-1 activity in paraquat group on day 7).	Paraquat	297-305	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	209-213
24338263-5	2014	LOE contained high levels of polyphenols and flavonoids, which possess strong DPPH radical scavenging activity, and was shown to attenuate paraquat-induced oxidative damage and lethality in flies.	Paraquat	139-147	SNF4/AMP-activated protein kinase gamma subunit	Drosophila melanogaster	0-3
24464498-2	2014	Knowing that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) acts as a cellular defense mechanism by effluxing its toxic substrates, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of five dihydroxylated xanthones as inducers of P-gp expression and/or activity and to evaluate whether they could protect Caco-2 cells against the cytotoxicity induced by the toxic P-gp substrate paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	359-367	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	13-27
24464498-2	2014	Knowing that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) acts as a cellular defense mechanism by effluxing its toxic substrates, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of five dihydroxylated xanthones as inducers of P-gp expression and/or activity and to evaluate whether they could protect Caco-2 cells against the cytotoxicity induced by the toxic P-gp substrate paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	359-367	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
24464498-2	2014	Knowing that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) acts as a cellular defense mechanism by effluxing its toxic substrates, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of five dihydroxylated xanthones as inducers of P-gp expression and/or activity and to evaluate whether they could protect Caco-2 cells against the cytotoxicity induced by the toxic P-gp substrate paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	359-367	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
24464498-2	2014	Knowing that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) acts as a cellular defense mechanism by effluxing its toxic substrates, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of five dihydroxylated xanthones as inducers of P-gp expression and/or activity and to evaluate whether they could protect Caco-2 cells against the cytotoxicity induced by the toxic P-gp substrate paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	359-367	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
24464498-2	2014	Knowing that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) acts as a cellular defense mechanism by effluxing its toxic substrates, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of five dihydroxylated xanthones as inducers of P-gp expression and/or activity and to evaluate whether they could protect Caco-2 cells against the cytotoxicity induced by the toxic P-gp substrate paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	369-371	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	13-27
24464498-2	2014	Knowing that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) acts as a cellular defense mechanism by effluxing its toxic substrates, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of five dihydroxylated xanthones as inducers of P-gp expression and/or activity and to evaluate whether they could protect Caco-2 cells against the cytotoxicity induced by the toxic P-gp substrate paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	369-371	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	29-33
24464498-2	2014	Knowing that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) acts as a cellular defense mechanism by effluxing its toxic substrates, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of five dihydroxylated xanthones as inducers of P-gp expression and/or activity and to evaluate whether they could protect Caco-2 cells against the cytotoxicity induced by the toxic P-gp substrate paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	369-371	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
24464498-2	2014	Knowing that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) acts as a cellular defense mechanism by effluxing its toxic substrates, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of five dihydroxylated xanthones as inducers of P-gp expression and/or activity and to evaluate whether they could protect Caco-2 cells against the cytotoxicity induced by the toxic P-gp substrate paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	369-371	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	210-214
24731501-12	2014	The levels of NF-kappaB in lung tissue and TNF-alpha in sera in the treatment group were lower than those in the paraquat group (TNF-alpha: 24 h: (1.85 +- 0.22) vs (2.59 +- 0.13) ng/ml, P = 0.020; NF-kappaB: 24 h: (88.0 +- 2.7) vs (101.8 +- 2.8) ng/g, P = 0.003).	Paraquat	113-121	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	129-138
24464498-6	2014	Moreover, when simultaneously incubated with PQ, all xanthones significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of the herbicide, and these protective effects were completely reversed upon incubation with a specific P-gp inhibitor.	Paraquat	45-47	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	206-210
24464498-7	2014	In silico studies evaluating the interactions between xanthones and P-gp in the presence of PQ suggested that a co-transport mechanism may be operating.	Paraquat	92-94	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	68-72
24535699-2	2014	In this study the effect of cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 was observed in early acute paraquat poisoning and examined the mechanism by which paraquat caused early acute lung injury.	Paraquat	104-112	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	37-75
24535699-2	2014	In this study the effect of cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 was observed in early acute paraquat poisoning and examined the mechanism by which paraquat caused early acute lung injury.	Paraquat	159-167	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	37-75
24535699-10	2014	In conclusion, the effect of cytokine TGF-beta1 on paraquat-induced acute lung tissue injury may be important.	Paraquat	51-59	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-47
24507138-2	2014	Here we aimed to assess the differences in antioxidant and HSP70B responses to paraquat treatment between genotypes susceptible and resistant to oxidative stress.	Paraquat	79-87	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	59-65
24507138-9	2014	The response to lower paraquat concentrations evaluated as HSP70B accumulation was proportional to the level of genotype susceptibility to PQ.	Paraquat	22-30	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	59-65
24641847-14	2014	CONCLUSION: Ghrelin can up-regulate nuclear expression of Nrf2, increase the activities of HO-1 and NQO1, and reduce the activity of MPO and content of MDA, thus protecting PQ-exposed mice from acute lung injury.	Paraquat	173-175	ghrelin	Mus musculus	12-19
24641847-14	2014	CONCLUSION: Ghrelin can up-regulate nuclear expression of Nrf2, increase the activities of HO-1 and NQO1, and reduce the activity of MPO and content of MDA, thus protecting PQ-exposed mice from acute lung injury.	Paraquat	173-175	NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1	Mus musculus	100-104
24641847-14	2014	CONCLUSION: Ghrelin can up-regulate nuclear expression of Nrf2, increase the activities of HO-1 and NQO1, and reduce the activity of MPO and content of MDA, thus protecting PQ-exposed mice from acute lung injury.	Paraquat	173-175	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	133-136
24297779-0	2014	Absence of P-glycoprotein transport in the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of the herbicide paraquat.	Paraquat	90-98	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	11-25
23797390-0	2014	Combined edaravone and D1-3-n-butylphthalide antioxidant therapy for paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	69-77	leiomodin 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
24586289-3	2014	METHODS: Retinal oxidative injury was induced in degenerating retinas (rd10) and in control mice (WT) by intravitreal injections of paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	132-140	phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	71-75
24586289-3	2014	METHODS: Retinal oxidative injury was induced in degenerating retinas (rd10) and in control mice (WT) by intravitreal injections of paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	142-144	phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	71-75
24586289-7	2014	RESULTS: Three days following PQ injections (1 microl of 0.25, 0.75, and 2 mM) the average ERG amplitudes decreased more in the WT mice compared with the rd10 mice.	Paraquat	30-32	phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	154-158
24586289-8	2014	For example, following 2 mM PQ injection, ERG amplitudes reduced 1.84-fold more in WT compared with rd10 mice (p = 0.02).	Paraquat	28-30	phosphodiesterase 6B, cGMP, rod receptor, beta polypeptide	Mus musculus	100-104
24297779-2	2014	Our goal was to investigate P-gp transport of paraquat, a Parkinson-associated neurotoxicant.	Paraquat	46-54	phosphoglycolate phosphatase	Mus musculus	28-32
24173775-2	2013	Exposure of adult D. melanogaster (Oregon K) to PQ induced oxidative stress as evidenced by glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase as well as elevated levels of acetylcholine esterase.	Paraquat	48-50	Catalase	Drosophila melanogaster	189-197
24111663-12	2014	TNF-alpha of group PS was reduced, in comparison to the level of group P. SV attenuated neutrophil infiltration in PQ-induced acute lung injury in rats.	Paraquat	115-117	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
24111663-14	2014	These results suggest that SV reduces paraquat-induced lung injury, at least partially, by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and TNF-alpha secretion.	Paraquat	38-46	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	130-139
24120951-8	2014	The OR for paraquat was 4.2 (1.5-12) in individuals with PUFA intake below the median but 1.2 (0.4-3.4) in those with higher intake (p-interaction = 0.10).	Paraquat	11-19	pumilio RNA binding family member 3	Homo sapiens	57-61
25177032-0	2014	Cytoprotective effect of kaempferol on paraquat-exposed BEAS-2B cells via modulating expression of MUC5AC.	Paraquat	39-47	mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	99-105
25177032-4	2014	However, until now the role of PQ on mucin overproduction has not been studied.	Paraquat	31-33	LOC100508689	Homo sapiens	37-42
25177032-7	2014	Additionally, we found that PQ effectively induces the expression of the MUC5AC gene; however, co-treatment of PQ with KM drastically reduces its expression.	Paraquat	28-30	mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	73-79
25177032-7	2014	Additionally, we found that PQ effectively induces the expression of the MUC5AC gene; however, co-treatment of PQ with KM drastically reduces its expression.	Paraquat	111-113	mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming	Homo sapiens	73-79
25177032-8	2014	Furthermore, we observed that PQ activates NF-kappaB, while co-treatment with KM occludes its nuclear translocation, and additionally KM repressed the PQ phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in BEAS-2B cells.	Paraquat	30-32	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	43-52
25177032-8	2014	Furthermore, we observed that PQ activates NF-kappaB, while co-treatment with KM occludes its nuclear translocation, and additionally KM repressed the PQ phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in BEAS-2B cells.	Paraquat	30-32	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	173-196
25177032-8	2014	Furthermore, we observed that PQ activates NF-kappaB, while co-treatment with KM occludes its nuclear translocation, and additionally KM repressed the PQ phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in BEAS-2B cells.	Paraquat	151-153	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	173-196
25177032-8	2014	Furthermore, we observed that PQ activates NF-kappaB, while co-treatment with KM occludes its nuclear translocation, and additionally KM repressed the PQ phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in BEAS-2B cells.	Paraquat	151-153	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	198-201
24563429-7	2014	CONCLUSIONS: There is an improvement effect of ICAM-1 and MMP-9 in rats with Paraquat poisoning for the medium dose of MgIG, capable of slowing down the process of pulmonary fibrosis to certain extent.	Paraquat	77-85	intercellular adhesion molecule 1	Rattus norvegicus	47-53
24563429-7	2014	CONCLUSIONS: There is an improvement effect of ICAM-1 and MMP-9 in rats with Paraquat poisoning for the medium dose of MgIG, capable of slowing down the process of pulmonary fibrosis to certain extent.	Paraquat	77-85	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	58-63
24428990-0	2014	[Curcumin reduces paraquat-induced oxidative injury in A549 cells by activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway].	Paraquat	18-26	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	87-91
24428990-11	2014	CONCLUSION: Low-dose CU significantly reduces the PQ-induced oxidative damage in A549 cells in vitro by activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway.	Paraquat	50-52	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	122-126
23973862-7	2013	Inhibition of GSK3beta by either the selective inhibitor 4-Benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione (TDZD-8) or forced expression of a kinase-dead mutant obliterated paraquat-induced phosphorylation of cyclophilin F and VDAC, prevented MPT, and improved cellular viability.	Paraquat	173-181	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	14-22
23973862-8	2013	Conversely, ectopic expression of a constitutively active GSK3beta amplified the effect of paraquat on cyclophilin F and VDAC phosphorylation and sensitized cells to paraquat-induced MPT and death.	Paraquat	91-99	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	58-66
23973862-8	2013	Conversely, ectopic expression of a constitutively active GSK3beta amplified the effect of paraquat on cyclophilin F and VDAC phosphorylation and sensitized cells to paraquat-induced MPT and death.	Paraquat	91-99	peptidylprolyl isomerase F	Homo sapiens	103-116
23973862-8	2013	Conversely, ectopic expression of a constitutively active GSK3beta amplified the effect of paraquat on cyclophilin F and VDAC phosphorylation and sensitized cells to paraquat-induced MPT and death.	Paraquat	166-174	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Homo sapiens	58-66
23991861-6	2013	First, PQ alone could trigger oxidative-nitrosative stress (ONS) through robust generation of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (NO) that could induce apoptotic killing via promoting effective release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, an apoptogenic factor.	Paraquat	7-9	cytochrome c, somatic	Canis lupus familiaris	225-237
23991861-8	2013	However, when MDCK cells were treated with a combination of PQ (1.0 mM) and MVC (20 mM) for 24 h, the severity of apoptotic killing was further exacerbated as reflected by a nearly 7-fold increase in the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and the percentage of apoptotic cell population rose sharply to 90.7 +- 5.1%.	Paraquat	60-62	cytochrome c, somatic	Canis lupus familiaris	229-241
23715769-2	2013	We previously showed that transgenic mice that overexpress human ApoD show a better resistance against paraquat or OC43 coronavirus-induced neurodegeneration.	Paraquat	103-111	apolipoprotein D	Homo sapiens	65-69
24173775-2	2013	Exposure of adult D. melanogaster (Oregon K) to PQ induced oxidative stress as evidenced by glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase as well as elevated levels of acetylcholine esterase.	Paraquat	48-50	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	199-219
24173775-2	2013	Exposure of adult D. melanogaster (Oregon K) to PQ induced oxidative stress as evidenced by glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase as well as elevated levels of acetylcholine esterase.	Paraquat	48-50	Acetylcholine esterase	Drosophila melanogaster	250-272
23489195-5	2013	SlNAC1 transcripts were enhanced after application of abscisic acid, methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, gibberellin, ethylene, methyl viologen and hydrogen peroxide.	Paraquat	126-141	NAC domain protein	Solanum lycopersicum	0-6
23969119-7	2013	WT mice after PQ exposure displayed deteriorate cardiac function, pathological damages, increased TLR4 mRNA and protein levels as well as myocardial TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels.	Paraquat	14-16	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	149-158
24060684-5	2013	In addition, apoptosis induced by PQ was significantly increased at a concentration of as low as 1 muM.	Paraquat	34-36	latexin	Homo sapiens	99-102
24060684-7	2013	PQ significantly increased caspase-3 activity at the concentration of 100 muM.	Paraquat	0-2	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	27-36
24060684-7	2013	PQ significantly increased caspase-3 activity at the concentration of 100 muM.	Paraquat	0-2	latexin	Homo sapiens	74-77
24060684-8	2013	Similarly, PQ triggered intracellular Ca(2+) releases and activation of NF-kappaB was observed after exposure of hNPCs at low concentrations of PQ (1 muM).	Paraquat	11-13	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	72-81
24060684-8	2013	Similarly, PQ triggered intracellular Ca(2+) releases and activation of NF-kappaB was observed after exposure of hNPCs at low concentrations of PQ (1 muM).	Paraquat	11-13	latexin	Homo sapiens	150-153
24060684-8	2013	Similarly, PQ triggered intracellular Ca(2+) releases and activation of NF-kappaB was observed after exposure of hNPCs at low concentrations of PQ (1 muM).	Paraquat	144-146	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	72-81
24060684-8	2013	Similarly, PQ triggered intracellular Ca(2+) releases and activation of NF-kappaB was observed after exposure of hNPCs at low concentrations of PQ (1 muM).	Paraquat	144-146	latexin	Homo sapiens	150-153
24060684-10	2013	MT-III mRNA and protein expression was significantly up-regulated at 1 muM of PQ and reached peak at 10 muM.	Paraquat	78-80	metallothionein 3	Homo sapiens	0-6
24060684-10	2013	MT-III mRNA and protein expression was significantly up-regulated at 1 muM of PQ and reached peak at 10 muM.	Paraquat	78-80	latexin	Homo sapiens	71-74
24161914-1	2013	This study was carried out to highlight the role of PPARgamma in the paraquat (PQ)-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	69-77	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	52-61
24161914-1	2013	This study was carried out to highlight the role of PPARgamma in the paraquat (PQ)-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	79-81	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	52-61
24161914-13	2013	Moreover, STN-induced protective effects might attribute to the regulation of TGF-beta1 expression, which is antagonized by PPARgamma antagonist, suggesting that STN may improve the PQ-induced damages via PPARgamma.	Paraquat	182-184	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	78-87
24161914-13	2013	Moreover, STN-induced protective effects might attribute to the regulation of TGF-beta1 expression, which is antagonized by PPARgamma antagonist, suggesting that STN may improve the PQ-induced damages via PPARgamma.	Paraquat	182-184	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	124-133
24161914-13	2013	Moreover, STN-induced protective effects might attribute to the regulation of TGF-beta1 expression, which is antagonized by PPARgamma antagonist, suggesting that STN may improve the PQ-induced damages via PPARgamma.	Paraquat	182-184	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	205-214
23958967-7	2013	Moreover, (PhSe)2 prevented hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) induced by PQ and was effective in reducing the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in liver, which was enhanced by PQ exposure.	Paraquat	172-174	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	109-124
23958967-7	2013	Moreover, (PhSe)2 prevented hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) induced by PQ and was effective in reducing the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in liver, which was enhanced by PQ exposure.	Paraquat	172-174	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	126-129
23958967-9	2013	The inhibition of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, in rats exposed to PQ, was normalized by (PhSe)2 pre-treatment, whereas the inhibition of catalase (CAT) activity was not prevented by (PhSe)2.	Paraquat	79-81	hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase	Rattus norvegicus	18-43
23958967-9	2013	The inhibition of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, in rats exposed to PQ, was normalized by (PhSe)2 pre-treatment, whereas the inhibition of catalase (CAT) activity was not prevented by (PhSe)2.	Paraquat	79-81	hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase	Rattus norvegicus	45-48
23954820-0	2013	The reversal of paraquat-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by cycloartenyl ferulate, the important role of Nrf2 pathway.	Paraquat	16-24	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	113-117
23954820-4	2013	Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway contributed importantly to PQ-induced apoptosis, as revealed by the activation of caspase-3/-9, cleavage of PARP, depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential regulated by Bcl-2 family members, and overproduction of reactive oxygen species, which were also effectively blocked by CF.	Paraquat	67-69	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	122-134
23954820-4	2013	Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway contributed importantly to PQ-induced apoptosis, as revealed by the activation of caspase-3/-9, cleavage of PARP, depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential regulated by Bcl-2 family members, and overproduction of reactive oxygen species, which were also effectively blocked by CF.	Paraquat	67-69	collagen type XI alpha 2 chain	Homo sapiens	148-152
23954820-4	2013	Mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway contributed importantly to PQ-induced apoptosis, as revealed by the activation of caspase-3/-9, cleavage of PARP, depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential regulated by Bcl-2 family members, and overproduction of reactive oxygen species, which were also effectively blocked by CF.	Paraquat	67-69	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	213-218
23954820-5	2013	Moreover, treatments of PQ strongly inhibited the expression of Nrf2 and the downstream effectors, HO1 and NQO1.	Paraquat	24-26	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	64-68
23954820-5	2013	Moreover, treatments of PQ strongly inhibited the expression of Nrf2 and the downstream effectors, HO1 and NQO1.	Paraquat	24-26	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	99-102
23954820-5	2013	Moreover, treatments of PQ strongly inhibited the expression of Nrf2 and the downstream effectors, HO1 and NQO1.	Paraquat	24-26	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	107-111
23954820-7	2013	Furthermore, silencing of Nrf2 by the siRNA technique significantly blocked the cytoprotective effects of CF against PQ-induced apoptosis, which suggest the important role of Nrf2 signaling pathway an cell apoptosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	117-119	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
23954820-7	2013	Furthermore, silencing of Nrf2 by the siRNA technique significantly blocked the cytoprotective effects of CF against PQ-induced apoptosis, which suggest the important role of Nrf2 signaling pathway an cell apoptosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	227-229	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	26-30
23954820-7	2013	Furthermore, silencing of Nrf2 by the siRNA technique significantly blocked the cytoprotective effects of CF against PQ-induced apoptosis, which suggest the important role of Nrf2 signaling pathway an cell apoptosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	227-229	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	175-179
23969119-5	2013	We investigated whether TLR4 would be linked to the pathogenesis of heart disease due to PQ exposure.	Paraquat	89-91	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	24-28
23969119-7	2013	WT mice after PQ exposure displayed deteriorate cardiac function, pathological damages, increased TLR4 mRNA and protein levels as well as myocardial TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels.	Paraquat	14-16	toll-like receptor 4	Mus musculus	98-102
23969119-7	2013	WT mice after PQ exposure displayed deteriorate cardiac function, pathological damages, increased TLR4 mRNA and protein levels as well as myocardial TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels.	Paraquat	14-16	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	163-171
23991219-10	2013	Pre- or simultaneous treatment with RedRif protected cells against paraquat-induced cytotoxicity, an effect reverted by GF120918, a P-gp inhibitor, corroborating the observed P-gp activation ability.	Paraquat	67-75	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	132-136
23933652-1	2013	AIM: To investigate the effects of the PPAR-gamma agonist rosiglitazone on acute lung injury induced by the herbicide paraquat (PQ) and the underlying mechanisms of action.	Paraquat	118-126	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	39-49
23933652-1	2013	AIM: To investigate the effects of the PPAR-gamma agonist rosiglitazone on acute lung injury induced by the herbicide paraquat (PQ) and the underlying mechanisms of action.	Paraquat	128-130	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	39-49
23933652-8	2013	The pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and MDA, increased SOD activity in the peripheral blood of PQ-treated rats.	Paraquat	132-134	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	53-62
23933652-8	2013	The pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and MDA, increased SOD activity in the peripheral blood of PQ-treated rats.	Paraquat	132-134	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	64-72
23933652-9	2013	The pretreatment also efficiently activated PPAR-gamma, induced Nrf2 expression and inhibited NF-kappaB activation in the lung tissues of PQ-treated rats.	Paraquat	138-140	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	44-54
23933652-11	2013	CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with rosiglitazone protects rats against PQ-induced acute lung injury by activating PPAR-gamma, inducing Nrf2 expression and inhibiting NF-kappaB activation.	Paraquat	66-68	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	Rattus norvegicus	109-119
23933652-11	2013	CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with rosiglitazone protects rats against PQ-induced acute lung injury by activating PPAR-gamma, inducing Nrf2 expression and inhibiting NF-kappaB activation.	Paraquat	66-68	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	130-134
24523768-0	2013	Paraquat Exposure Up-regulates Cyclooxygenase-2 in the Lungs, Liver and Kidneys in Rats.	Paraquat	0-8	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	31-47
24523768-1	2013	Paraquat is a commonly used herbicide in many countries which can lead to systematic poisoning on exposure, In this study, paraquat (PQ)-induced changes in the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) along with biochemical and histopathological changes in the lungs, liver and kidneys were studied.	Paraquat	0-8	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	174-190
24523768-1	2013	Paraquat is a commonly used herbicide in many countries which can lead to systematic poisoning on exposure, In this study, paraquat (PQ)-induced changes in the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) along with biochemical and histopathological changes in the lungs, liver and kidneys were studied.	Paraquat	0-8	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	192-197
24523768-1	2013	Paraquat is a commonly used herbicide in many countries which can lead to systematic poisoning on exposure, In this study, paraquat (PQ)-induced changes in the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) along with biochemical and histopathological changes in the lungs, liver and kidneys were studied.	Paraquat	123-131	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	174-190
24523768-1	2013	Paraquat is a commonly used herbicide in many countries which can lead to systematic poisoning on exposure, In this study, paraquat (PQ)-induced changes in the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) along with biochemical and histopathological changes in the lungs, liver and kidneys were studied.	Paraquat	123-131	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	192-197
24523768-1	2013	Paraquat is a commonly used herbicide in many countries which can lead to systematic poisoning on exposure, In this study, paraquat (PQ)-induced changes in the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) along with biochemical and histopathological changes in the lungs, liver and kidneys were studied.	Paraquat	133-135	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	174-190
24523768-1	2013	Paraquat is a commonly used herbicide in many countries which can lead to systematic poisoning on exposure, In this study, paraquat (PQ)-induced changes in the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) along with biochemical and histopathological changes in the lungs, liver and kidneys were studied.	Paraquat	133-135	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	192-197
24523768-5	2013	PQ up-regulated the COX-2 expression at mRNA level significantly in the examined organs.	Paraquat	0-2	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	20-25
24523768-6	2013	This data suggest that the PQ-induced oxidative disturbances and pathological damages can be attributed to the upregulation of COX-2 in examined organs.	Paraquat	27-29	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	127-132
24039983-0	2013	Paraquat poisoning induces TNF-alpha-dependent iNOS/NO mediated hyporesponsiveness of the aorta to vasoconstrictors in rats.	Paraquat	0-8	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	27-36
24039983-0	2013	Paraquat poisoning induces TNF-alpha-dependent iNOS/NO mediated hyporesponsiveness of the aorta to vasoconstrictors in rats.	Paraquat	0-8	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	47-51
24048193-2	2013	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential involvement of HIF-1alpha in TGF-beta1/beta-Catenin and Snail pathway after PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	134-136	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	73-83
24048193-2	2013	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential involvement of HIF-1alpha in TGF-beta1/beta-Catenin and Snail pathway after PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	134-136	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-96
24048193-2	2013	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential involvement of HIF-1alpha in TGF-beta1/beta-Catenin and Snail pathway after PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	134-136	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	97-109
24048193-12	2013	Meanwhile, immunofluorescent analysis of HIF-1alpha revealed partial staining appearing from 2 h. Our data illustrated a positive correlation between Snail, beta-catenin signaling and HIF-1alpha, suggesting a potential synergistic role of HIF-1alpha in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which may be independent of GSK-3beta.	Paraquat	253-255	catenin beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	157-169
24048193-12	2013	Meanwhile, immunofluorescent analysis of HIF-1alpha revealed partial staining appearing from 2 h. Our data illustrated a positive correlation between Snail, beta-catenin signaling and HIF-1alpha, suggesting a potential synergistic role of HIF-1alpha in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which may be independent of GSK-3beta.	Paraquat	253-255	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	184-194
24048193-12	2013	Meanwhile, immunofluorescent analysis of HIF-1alpha revealed partial staining appearing from 2 h. Our data illustrated a positive correlation between Snail, beta-catenin signaling and HIF-1alpha, suggesting a potential synergistic role of HIF-1alpha in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which may be independent of GSK-3beta.	Paraquat	253-255	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	184-194
23991219-10	2013	Pre- or simultaneous treatment with RedRif protected cells against paraquat-induced cytotoxicity, an effect reverted by GF120918, a P-gp inhibitor, corroborating the observed P-gp activation ability.	Paraquat	67-75	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	175-179
23991219-12	2013	Therefore, RedRif protection against paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in RBE4 cells, through P-gp activation/induction, suggests that it may be useful as an antidote for cytotoxic substrates of P-gp.	Paraquat	37-45	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	90-94
23991219-12	2013	Therefore, RedRif protection against paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in RBE4 cells, through P-gp activation/induction, suggests that it may be useful as an antidote for cytotoxic substrates of P-gp.	Paraquat	37-45	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	191-195
23697686-8	2013	Our findings also indicate a dose-dependent locomotor impairment and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) specific activity in PQ-treated D. melanogaster.	Paraquat	127-129	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	79-99
23827392-0	2013	PKCdelta mediates paraquat-induced Nox1 expression in dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	18-26	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	0-8
23827392-0	2013	PKCdelta mediates paraquat-induced Nox1 expression in dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	18-26	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
23827392-1	2013	Our previous works have shown that the (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) enzyme, in particular Nox1, plays an important role in oxidative stress and subsequent dopaminergic cell death elicited by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	184-192	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-87
23827392-1	2013	Our previous works have shown that the (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) enzyme, in particular Nox1, plays an important role in oxidative stress and subsequent dopaminergic cell death elicited by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	194-196	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	83-87
23827392-3	2013	Herein we aimed to investigate if also in dopaminergic neurons exposed to PQ, PKCdelta can regulate Nox1 expression.	Paraquat	74-76	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	78-86
23827392-3	2013	Herein we aimed to investigate if also in dopaminergic neurons exposed to PQ, PKCdelta can regulate Nox1 expression.	Paraquat	74-76	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	100-104
23827392-7	2013	The results suggest that PKCdelta plays a role in the regulation of Nox1-mediated oxidative stress elicited by PQ and could have a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	111-113	protein kinase C, delta	Rattus norvegicus	25-33
23827392-7	2013	The results suggest that PKCdelta plays a role in the regulation of Nox1-mediated oxidative stress elicited by PQ and could have a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson"s disease.	Paraquat	111-113	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
23602909-9	2013	In contrast, paraquat-induced oxidative stress and cell death were selectively reduced by MnSOD overexpression, but not by CuZnSOD or manganese-porphyrins.	Paraquat	13-21	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	90-95
23602909-11	2013	Finally, paraquat, but not MPP(+) or rotenone, induced the transcriptional activation of the redox-sensitive antioxidant response elements (ARE) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB).	Paraquat	9-17	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	149-171
23602909-11	2013	Finally, paraquat, but not MPP(+) or rotenone, induced the transcriptional activation of the redox-sensitive antioxidant response elements (ARE) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB).	Paraquat	9-17	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	173-182
23603004-4	2013	Moreover, protection against PQ-induced ALI was tested by daily pretreatment mice with saline, NAC or naringin for 3 days before PQ (30 mg/kg, i.p.).	Paraquat	29-31	NLR family, pyrin domain containing 1A	Mus musculus	95-98
23603004-5	2013	Results showed that increase in leukocytes infiltration and overexpressions of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 caused by 8h of PQ exposure were dose-dependently ameliorated by naringin.	Paraquat	119-121	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	79-88
23603004-5	2013	Results showed that increase in leukocytes infiltration and overexpressions of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 caused by 8h of PQ exposure were dose-dependently ameliorated by naringin.	Paraquat	119-121	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	93-102
23603004-8	2013	Results showed that naringin of 60 and 120 mg/kg significantly reduced PQ-induced upregulations of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, levels of pulmonary malonaldehyde and hydroxyproline, as well as pulmonary fibrosis deposition, while increased activities of SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1.	Paraquat	71-73	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	99-108
23603004-8	2013	Results showed that naringin of 60 and 120 mg/kg significantly reduced PQ-induced upregulations of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, levels of pulmonary malonaldehyde and hydroxyproline, as well as pulmonary fibrosis deposition, while increased activities of SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1.	Paraquat	71-73	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Mus musculus	110-119
23603004-8	2013	Results showed that naringin of 60 and 120 mg/kg significantly reduced PQ-induced upregulations of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, levels of pulmonary malonaldehyde and hydroxyproline, as well as pulmonary fibrosis deposition, while increased activities of SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1.	Paraquat	71-73	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	121-126
23603004-8	2013	Results showed that naringin of 60 and 120 mg/kg significantly reduced PQ-induced upregulations of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, levels of pulmonary malonaldehyde and hydroxyproline, as well as pulmonary fibrosis deposition, while increased activities of SOD, GSH-Px and HO-1.	Paraquat	71-73	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	131-137
23704229-16	2013	Administration of paraquat (10mg/kg, twice/week, 3 weeks) to 3- to 5-month-old Gclm (-/-) mice resulted in significantly decreased aconitase activity, complex I activity, and dopamine levels but not in 3- to 5-month-old Gclm (+/+) mice.	Paraquat	18-26	glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit	Mus musculus	79-83
23704229-16	2013	Administration of paraquat (10mg/kg, twice/week, 3 weeks) to 3- to 5-month-old Gclm (-/-) mice resulted in significantly decreased aconitase activity, complex I activity, and dopamine levels but not in 3- to 5-month-old Gclm (+/+) mice.	Paraquat	18-26	glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit	Mus musculus	220-224
23704229-17	2013	Furthermore, paraquat-induced inhibition of complex I and aconitase activities in Gclm (-/-) mice was observed in the striatum but not in the cortex.	Paraquat	13-21	glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit	Mus musculus	82-86
23697686-8	2013	Our findings also indicate a dose-dependent locomotor impairment and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) specific activity in PQ-treated D. melanogaster.	Paraquat	127-129	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	101-104
23697686-9	2013	These PQ-induced neuroanatomical changes and decreased SOD specific activity showed a significant association with oxidative DNA damage as observed by alkaline comet assay.	Paraquat	6-8	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	55-58
23704229-0	2013	Glutathione deficiency in Gclm null mice results in complex I inhibition and dopamine depletion following paraquat administration.	Paraquat	106-114	glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit	Mus musculus	26-30
23522501-6	2013	Pretreatment with 0.1 muM methyl viologen or 0.2 mM H2O2 under 50 mumol m-2 s-1 low light for 60 min increased VHL tolerance, carotenoid content, and PSY and PDS transcripts, while LCYB and LCYE transcripts were not affected.	Paraquat	26-41	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	150-153
23522501-6	2013	Pretreatment with 0.1 muM methyl viologen or 0.2 mM H2O2 under 50 mumol m-2 s-1 low light for 60 min increased VHL tolerance, carotenoid content, and PSY and PDS transcripts, while LCYB and LCYE transcripts were not affected.	Paraquat	26-41	uncharacterized protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	190-194
23391576-7	2013	The compounds also alleviated paraquat toxicity in BE2-M17 cells that express the PD-causing A30P mutation of alpha-synuclein.	Paraquat	30-38	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	110-125
23602965-9	2013	Chronic exposure of neurons to paraquat (1-2microM), an alternate oxidative stressor, similarly decreased TRPC3 expression (mRNA: 41%; protein: 61%).	Paraquat	31-39	transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 3	Rattus norvegicus	106-111
23807224-10	2013	Interestingly, we found that paraquat, a neurotoxin, not only induced apoptosis but also increased miR-195 and reduced ARL2 expression in hESC-NPCs, indicating the possible involvement of miR-195 and ARL2 in neurotoxin-induced NPC apoptosis.	Paraquat	29-37	microRNA 195	Homo sapiens	99-106
23807224-10	2013	Interestingly, we found that paraquat, a neurotoxin, not only induced apoptosis but also increased miR-195 and reduced ARL2 expression in hESC-NPCs, indicating the possible involvement of miR-195 and ARL2 in neurotoxin-induced NPC apoptosis.	Paraquat	29-37	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	119-123
23807224-10	2013	Interestingly, we found that paraquat, a neurotoxin, not only induced apoptosis but also increased miR-195 and reduced ARL2 expression in hESC-NPCs, indicating the possible involvement of miR-195 and ARL2 in neurotoxin-induced NPC apoptosis.	Paraquat	29-37	microRNA 195	Homo sapiens	188-195
23807224-10	2013	Interestingly, we found that paraquat, a neurotoxin, not only induced apoptosis but also increased miR-195 and reduced ARL2 expression in hESC-NPCs, indicating the possible involvement of miR-195 and ARL2 in neurotoxin-induced NPC apoptosis.	Paraquat	29-37	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 2	Homo sapiens	200-204
23590892-0	2013	Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ameliorates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats possibly through up-regulation of Smad 7 and SnoN.	Paraquat	39-47	SMAD family member 7	Rattus norvegicus	117-123
23590892-6	2013	DHA was found to ameliorate the pulmonary fibrotic alterations induced by PQ, which was evidenced by significant reduction of histological changes, hydroxyproline content and level of the transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) mRNA.	Paraquat	74-76	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	188-220
23590892-6	2013	DHA was found to ameliorate the pulmonary fibrotic alterations induced by PQ, which was evidenced by significant reduction of histological changes, hydroxyproline content and level of the transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) mRNA.	Paraquat	74-76	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	222-231
23590892-7	2013	Furthermore, the protein levels of Smad 7 and SnoN in the DHA supplemented rats were significantly increased compared with those in the rats of the PQ group.	Paraquat	148-150	SMAD family member 7	Rattus norvegicus	35-41
23590892-8	2013	These results suggested that DHA ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ might be attributed to its enhancement of Smad 7 and SnoN expression.	Paraquat	75-77	SMAD family member 7	Rattus norvegicus	120-126
23725033-2	2013	Methyl viologen (MV), benzyl viologen (BV), and anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid (AQ) are employed as effective artificial electron transfer partners for NR, differing in redox potential over a range of about 220 mV and delivering different reductive driving forces to the enzyme.	Paraquat	0-15	nitrate reductase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	151-153
23725033-2	2013	Methyl viologen (MV), benzyl viologen (BV), and anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid (AQ) are employed as effective artificial electron transfer partners for NR, differing in redox potential over a range of about 220 mV and delivering different reductive driving forces to the enzyme.	Paraquat	17-19	nitrate reductase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	151-153
23620592-6	2013	This finding was further confirmed in AML12 hepatocytes with beta-catenin signaling manipulation in vitro using paraquat, a known oxidative stress inducer.	Paraquat	112-120	catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1	Mus musculus	61-73
23535362-3	2013	Our objective was to precisely assess changes in alpha-syn levels in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and melanoma (SK-MEL-2) cell lines following acute exposure to pesticides (rotenone, paraquat, maneb, and glyphosate) using Western blot and flow cytometry.	Paraquat	184-192	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	49-58
23595346-8	2013	The stimulation of soluble NO3- was highest under fenoxaprop (22.3%) followed by paraquat (20.7%).	Paraquat	81-89	NBL1, DAN family BMP antagonist	Homo sapiens	27-30
23296401-11	2013	Exogenous addition of ApoD to HT-29 cells does not modify proliferation or apoptosis levels in control conditions, but it promotes apoptosis upon paraquat-induced OS.	Paraquat	146-154	apolipoprotein D	Homo sapiens	22-26
23535362-5	2013	We found that endogenous alpha-syn levels in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line were markedly increased by paraquat, and to a lesser extent by rotenone and maneb, but not by glyphosate.	Paraquat	108-116	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	25-34
23739565-9	2013	GRP78 protein expression was decreased at 72 hours after paraquat administration.	Paraquat	57-65	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
23519470-5	2013	We show here that treatment of prostate cancer PPC-1 cells with the superoxide generators menadione, paraquat, or buthionine sulfoximine down-regulates c-FLIP long (c-FLIP(L)) protein levels, which is prevented by the proteasome inhibitor MG132.	Paraquat	101-109	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	152-158
23667524-11	2013	SOD activity was reduced by midgut PSN knockdown, and these flies were sensitive to the superoxide-inducing chemical paraquat.	Paraquat	117-125	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	0-3
23667524-11	2013	SOD activity was reduced by midgut PSN knockdown, and these flies were sensitive to the superoxide-inducing chemical paraquat.	Paraquat	117-125	Presenilin	Drosophila melanogaster	35-38
23519470-5	2013	We show here that treatment of prostate cancer PPC-1 cells with the superoxide generators menadione, paraquat, or buthionine sulfoximine down-regulates c-FLIP long (c-FLIP(L)) protein levels, which is prevented by the proteasome inhibitor MG132.	Paraquat	101-109	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	165-174
23519470-6	2013	Furthermore, pretreatment of PPC-1 cells with a ROS scavenger prevented ubiquitination and loss of c-FLIP(L) protein induced by menadione or paraquat.	Paraquat	141-149	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	99-108
23519470-9	2013	The mutation of either Thr-166 or Lys-167 was sufficient to stabilize c-FLIP protein levels in PPC-1, HEK293T, and HeLa cancer cells treated with menadione or paraquat.	Paraquat	159-167	CASP8 and FADD like apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	70-76
23613995-0	2013	Paraquat modulates alternative pre-mRNA splicing by modifying the intracellular distribution of SRPK2.	Paraquat	0-8	SRSF protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	96-101
23508993-3	2013	Here we examined whether glb-13 as well as Ngb is also associated with resistance to reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	126-134	GLOBIN domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	25-31
23508993-3	2013	Here we examined whether glb-13 as well as Ngb is also associated with resistance to reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	126-134	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	43-46
23508993-6	2013	The mutant C. elegans strain glb-13(tm2825) was sensitive to paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	61-69	GLOBIN domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	29-35
23508993-7	2013	Overexpression of human Ngb (hNgb) in C. elegans neuronal cells can rescue the paraquat sensitive phenotype of the mutant strain.	Paraquat	79-87	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	24-27
23508993-7	2013	Overexpression of human Ngb (hNgb) in C. elegans neuronal cells can rescue the paraquat sensitive phenotype of the mutant strain.	Paraquat	79-87	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	29-33
23508993-10	2013	There was no statistical difference in ROS levels in the untreated controls; however in paraquat-treated worms, the ROS level was statistically repressed in the hNgb-Tg relative to enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-Tg worms or wildtype animals.	Paraquat	88-96	neuroglobin	Homo sapiens	161-165
23564607-6	2013	Furthermore, PQ exposure caused a concentration-dependent increase in mitochondrial superoxide generation and activity of manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD).	Paraquat	13-15	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	122-152
23564607-6	2013	Furthermore, PQ exposure caused a concentration-dependent increase in mitochondrial superoxide generation and activity of manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD).	Paraquat	13-15	Superoxide dismutase 2 (Mn)	Drosophila melanogaster	154-160
23613995-9	2013	Finally, we found that PQ induces DNA damage and vice versa that genotoxic treatments are also able to promote SRPK2 phosphorylation and nuclear localization.	Paraquat	23-25	SRSF protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	111-116
23613995-5	2013	We show that PQ treatment leads to the phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation of SRPK2, a member of the family of serine/arginine (SR) protein-specific kinases.	Paraquat	13-15	SRSF protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	83-88
23613995-11	2013	Altogether, our findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism that connects PQ to the DNA damage response and to the modulation of alternative splicing via SRPK2 phosphorylation.	Paraquat	75-77	SRSF protein kinase 2	Homo sapiens	155-160
23905243-5	2013	CONCLUSIONS: The urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase could be used as an early biomarker for acute kidney injury and predictor of mortality inpatients with acute paraquat intoxication.	Paraquat	164-172	O-GlcNAcase	Homo sapiens	23-54
23510834-7	2013	RESULTS: Compared with the negative control group, the paraquat poisoning group had significantly increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB mRNA, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 and wet/dry ratio of the lung (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	55-63	tumor necrosis factor	Mus musculus	118-127
23510834-7	2013	RESULTS: Compared with the negative control group, the paraquat poisoning group had significantly increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB mRNA, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 and wet/dry ratio of the lung (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	55-63	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	129-137
23510834-7	2013	RESULTS: Compared with the negative control group, the paraquat poisoning group had significantly increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB mRNA, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 and wet/dry ratio of the lung (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	55-63	interleukin 6	Mus musculus	139-143
23510834-7	2013	RESULTS: Compared with the negative control group, the paraquat poisoning group had significantly increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB mRNA, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 and wet/dry ratio of the lung (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	55-63	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	145-154
23510834-7	2013	RESULTS: Compared with the negative control group, the paraquat poisoning group had significantly increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB mRNA, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 and wet/dry ratio of the lung (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	55-63	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 1, p105	Mus musculus	173-182
23510834-7	2013	RESULTS: Compared with the negative control group, the paraquat poisoning group had significantly increased levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, NF-kappaB mRNA, and nuclear NF-kappaB p65 and wet/dry ratio of the lung (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	55-63	v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)	Mus musculus	183-186
23544381-3	2013	The currently used pesticides such as rotenone and paraquat could disrupt mitochondrial bioenergetic function, reactive oxygen metabolism, redox function and promote alpha-synuclein aggregation.	Paraquat	51-59	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	166-181
23220037-3	2013	The herbicide paraquat (PQ) is a P-gp substrate responsible for thousands of fatal intoxications worldwide that still lacks an effective antidote.	Paraquat	14-22	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
23205587-6	2013	We have recently shown that the cytotoxicity induced by the polyamine analogue paraquat (1,1"-dimethyl-4,4"-bipyridinium), which is an environmental agent related to PD development, was increased in ATP13A2-expressing CHO (Chinese-hamster ovary) cells.	Paraquat	79-87	polyamine-transporting ATPase 13A2	Cricetulus griseus	199-206
23205587-6	2013	We have recently shown that the cytotoxicity induced by the polyamine analogue paraquat (1,1"-dimethyl-4,4"-bipyridinium), which is an environmental agent related to PD development, was increased in ATP13A2-expressing CHO (Chinese-hamster ovary) cells.	Paraquat	89-120	polyamine-transporting ATPase 13A2	Cricetulus griseus	199-206
23220037-3	2013	The herbicide paraquat (PQ) is a P-gp substrate responsible for thousands of fatal intoxications worldwide that still lacks an effective antidote.	Paraquat	24-26	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	33-37
23394078-6	2013	Finally, the hfq  mutant exhibits a striking loss of colony forming units in extended stationary phase and is highly sensitive to oxidative stress induced by H2O2 or methyl viologen (paraquat).	Paraquat	166-181	RNA chaperone Hfq	Shewanella oneidensis MR-1	13-16
23299473-0	2013	Paraquat-induced retinal degeneration is exaggerated in CX3CR1-deficient mice and is associated with increased retinal inflammation.	Paraquat	0-8	chemokine (C-X3-C motif) receptor 1	Mus musculus	56-62
23315990-5	2013	Whereas in control cells the expression of DHCR24, FOXM1, NUDT1, and SCARA3 was decreased after paraquat treatment, the expression did not change significantly in patient cells.	Paraquat	96-104	24-dehydrocholesterol reductase	Homo sapiens	43-49
23315990-5	2013	Whereas in control cells the expression of DHCR24, FOXM1, NUDT1, and SCARA3 was decreased after paraquat treatment, the expression did not change significantly in patient cells.	Paraquat	96-104	forkhead box M1	Homo sapiens	51-56
23315990-5	2013	Whereas in control cells the expression of DHCR24, FOXM1, NUDT1, and SCARA3 was decreased after paraquat treatment, the expression did not change significantly in patient cells.	Paraquat	96-104	nudix hydrolase 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
23315990-5	2013	Whereas in control cells the expression of DHCR24, FOXM1, NUDT1, and SCARA3 was decreased after paraquat treatment, the expression did not change significantly in patient cells.	Paraquat	96-104	scavenger receptor class A member 3	Homo sapiens	69-75
23315990-7	2013	Furthermore, after paraquat treatment the expression of BNIP3, DUSP1, and PTGS2 was significantly increased in control cells while in patient cells the increase of DUSP1 and PTGS2 expression was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	19-27	BCL2 interacting protein 3	Homo sapiens	56-61
23315990-7	2013	Furthermore, after paraquat treatment the expression of BNIP3, DUSP1, and PTGS2 was significantly increased in control cells while in patient cells the increase of DUSP1 and PTGS2 expression was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	19-27	dual specificity phosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	63-68
23315990-7	2013	Furthermore, after paraquat treatment the expression of BNIP3, DUSP1, and PTGS2 was significantly increased in control cells while in patient cells the increase of DUSP1 and PTGS2 expression was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	19-27	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	74-79
23315990-7	2013	Furthermore, after paraquat treatment the expression of BNIP3, DUSP1, and PTGS2 was significantly increased in control cells while in patient cells the increase of DUSP1 and PTGS2 expression was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	19-27	dual specificity phosphatase 1	Homo sapiens	164-169
23315990-7	2013	Furthermore, after paraquat treatment the expression of BNIP3, DUSP1, and PTGS2 was significantly increased in control cells while in patient cells the increase of DUSP1 and PTGS2 expression was significantly reduced.	Paraquat	19-27	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	174-179
23159886-7	2013	Similarly, MB and/or PQ-mediated histopathological symptoms and changes in the catalytic activities/expressions of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta were alleviated by NAC and SIL.	Paraquat	21-23	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2	Rattus norvegicus	115-121
23159886-7	2013	Similarly, MB and/or PQ-mediated histopathological symptoms and changes in the catalytic activities/expressions of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta were alleviated by NAC and SIL.	Paraquat	21-23	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	123-129
23159886-7	2013	Similarly, MB and/or PQ-mediated histopathological symptoms and changes in the catalytic activities/expressions of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta were alleviated by NAC and SIL.	Paraquat	21-23	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	131-135
23159886-7	2013	Similarly, MB and/or PQ-mediated histopathological symptoms and changes in the catalytic activities/expressions of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta were alleviated by NAC and SIL.	Paraquat	21-23	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	137-146
23159886-7	2013	Similarly, MB and/or PQ-mediated histopathological symptoms and changes in the catalytic activities/expressions of CYP1A2, CYP2E1, iNOS, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta were alleviated by NAC and SIL.	Paraquat	21-23	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	152-160
23159886-8	2013	Conversely, MB and/or PQ-induced GSTA4-4 expression/activity was further increased by NAC/SIL and glutathione reductase activity was also increased.	Paraquat	22-24	glutathione S-transferase alpha 4	Rattus norvegicus	33-40
23159886-8	2013	Conversely, MB and/or PQ-induced GSTA4-4 expression/activity was further increased by NAC/SIL and glutathione reductase activity was also increased.	Paraquat	22-24	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	98-119
23299473-10	2013	Confocal microscopy of retinal flatmounts revealed microglial activation and CD44(+)MHC-II(+) monocyte and GR1(+) neutrophil infiltration in paraquat-injected eyes.	Paraquat	141-149	CD44 antigen	Mus musculus	77-81
23299473-10	2013	Confocal microscopy of retinal flatmounts revealed microglial activation and CD44(+)MHC-II(+) monocyte and GR1(+) neutrophil infiltration in paraquat-injected eyes.	Paraquat	141-149	lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G	Mus musculus	107-110
23143036-10	2013	Down-regulated MSH gene activities reaching about 50% of control were also induced in embryos exposed to paraquat, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating herbicide, or hydrogen peroxide at 200 muM.	Paraquat	105-113	proopiomelanocortin a	Danio rerio	15-18
23902632-11	2013	The permeability surface (rPS) and VEGF mass concentration of paraquat group at 2,4,6 h time point were significantly higher than the control group (P &lt;0.05), and the intervention group rPS and VEGF mass concentrations at 2,4,6h time point were significantly lower (P &lt;0.05) than those of paraquat group.	Paraquat	62-70	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	35-39
23302768-0	2013	Ratio of angiopoietin-2 to angiopoietin-1 predicts mortality in acute lung injury induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	93-101	angiopoietin 2	Homo sapiens	9-23
23302768-0	2013	Ratio of angiopoietin-2 to angiopoietin-1 predicts mortality in acute lung injury induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	93-101	angiopoietin 1	Homo sapiens	27-41
23546295-7	2013	The antioxidant potential of EA might be directly correlated with the increased expression of HO-1 and NQO1, whose expression may have surmounted the oxidative stress generated by PQ.	Paraquat	180-182	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	94-98
23546295-7	2013	The antioxidant potential of EA might be directly correlated with the increased expression of HO-1 and NQO1, whose expression may have surmounted the oxidative stress generated by PQ.	Paraquat	180-182	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	103-107
23902632-15	2013	CONCLUSION: In the ultra-early stage of rabbit ALI induced by PQ, pulmonary vascular endothelial cell is damaged and serum VEGF mass concentration and pulmonary vascular permeability increase.	Paraquat	62-64	vascular endothelial growth factor A	Oryctolagus cuniculus	123-127
23665934-8	2013	In this setting, the addition of paraquat, TCDD, DMBA, 2OHE2 or 4OHE2 significantly augmented ROS generation in BRCA1-KD MCF10A cells.	Paraquat	33-41	BRCA1 DNA repair associated	Homo sapiens	112-117
22289031-12	2013	Silencing of QR2 attenuated PQ-induced cell death and reduced the efficacy of NMDPEF.	Paraquat	28-30	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	13-16
22289031-15	2013	CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS NMDPEF protected against PQ-induced toxicity in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a key role for QR2 in the regulation of oxidative stress.	Paraquat	54-56	N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reductase 2	Homo sapiens	122-125
23293968-10	2013	Pulmonary MPO activities and MDA contents were elevated in the mice of the PQ group, while the GSH level was reduced.	Paraquat	75-77	myeloperoxidase	Mus musculus	10-13
23433149-1	2013	OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), type I collagen (Col I), and type III collagen (Col III) among the rats with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning and the intervention effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on their expression, and to investigate the mechanism of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis and the intervention effect of PDTC on the disease.	Paraquat	178-186	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	88-92
25215107-0	2013	Effect of ulinastatin on paraquat-induced-oxidative stress in human type II alveolar epithelial cells.	Paraquat	25-33	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	10-21
25215107-2	2013	This study aimed to explore the effects of UTI on paraquat-induced-oxidative stress in human type II alveolar epithelial cells.	Paraquat	50-58	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	43-46
24213000-1	2013	HEK293 cells transfected with a double-stranded siRNA to suppress expression of the homeobox gene HOXB13 were highly resistant to oxidative stress-inducing agents, such as hydrogen peroxide, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), and paraquat.	Paraquat	219-227	homeobox B13	Homo sapiens	98-104
23433149-1	2013	OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), type I collagen (Col I), and type III collagen (Col III) among the rats with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning and the intervention effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on their expression, and to investigate the mechanism of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis and the intervention effect of PDTC on the disease.	Paraquat	188-190	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	55-86
23433149-12	2013	CONCLUSION: In PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the expression of CTGF keeps rising, and the collagen secretion and matrix synthesis are increased probably by upregulating the transcriptional levels of Col I and Col III; CTGF plays an important role in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	15-17	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	219-223
23433149-12	2013	CONCLUSION: In PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the expression of CTGF keeps rising, and the collagen secretion and matrix synthesis are increased probably by upregulating the transcriptional levels of Col I and Col III; CTGF plays an important role in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	251-253	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	219-223
23433149-6	2013	RESULTS: The protein expression of CTGF in the PQ group increased as the time went on, slowly from the 3rd to the 14th day and rapidly from the 28th to the 56th day, significantly higher than that in the control group at each time point (P &lt; 0.05 or P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	47-49	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
23433149-13	2013	PDTC can inhibit the expression of CTGF, thus reducing the lung injury in rats with PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	84-86	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	35-39
23433149-7	2013	The mRNA expression of CTGF in the PQ group began to rise markedly on the 1st day, increased rapidly from the 3rd to the 14th day, and remained at a relatively high level from the 28th to the 56th day, significantly higher than that in the control group at each time point (P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	35-37	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	23-27
23433150-0	2013	[Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression in renal tissue of rats with paraquat poisoning].	Paraquat	73-81	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	0-32
23433149-12	2013	CONCLUSION: In PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the expression of CTGF keeps rising, and the collagen secretion and matrix synthesis are increased probably by upregulating the transcriptional levels of Col I and Col III; CTGF plays an important role in PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	15-17	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	64-68
23433150-8	2013	The protein expression of HIF-1alpha in PQ group increased significantly at 6h and reached the peak level at 72 h, with a significant difference from that in the control group at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 120 h (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	40-42	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	26-36
22816731-5	2012	RESULTS: In dopaminergic cells, toxicity induced by paraquat or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was inhibited by GRX1 overexpression, while its knock-down sensitized cells to paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	52-60	glutaredoxin	Mus musculus	108-112
23433150-9	2013	The protein expression of TGF-beta in PQ group began to rise at 24 h, reached the peak level at 72 h, and declined at 120 h, with a significant difference from that in the control group at 24, 48, and 72 h (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	38-40	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	26-34
23433150-11	2013	The pathological changes of renal tissue mainly included the degeneration and necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, which worsened as the time went on and appeared less severe at 120 h. CONCLUSION: The HIF-1alpha expression in renal tissue increases significantly in the early stage of PQ poisoning, which is associated with increased BLA and SCr levels and causes upregulated expression of TGF-beta that promotes renal fibrosis.	Paraquat	292-294	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	208-218
25215107-10	2013	The levels of MDA, MPO, and ROS were significantly higher in the paraquat group than in the normal control group after 24-hour-exposure.	Paraquat	65-73	myeloperoxidase	Homo sapiens	19-22
25215107-11	2013	And the survival rate of the paraquat+ulinastatin group was higher than that of the paraquat group, but lower than that of the normal control group.	Paraquat	29-37	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	38-49
25215107-13	2013	CONCLUSION: Ulinastatin can alleviate the paraquat-induced A549 cell damage by reducing oxidative stress.	Paraquat	42-50	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Homo sapiens	12-23
22816731-5	2012	RESULTS: In dopaminergic cells, toxicity induced by paraquat or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was inhibited by GRX1 overexpression, while its knock-down sensitized cells to paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	170-178	glutaredoxin	Mus musculus	108-112
22816731-8	2012	Paraquat induced the degradation of FLI-I and REPS2 proteins, which corresponded with the activation of caspase 3 and cell death progression.	Paraquat	0-8	flightless I actin binding protein	Mus musculus	36-41
22816731-8	2012	Paraquat induced the degradation of FLI-I and REPS2 proteins, which corresponded with the activation of caspase 3 and cell death progression.	Paraquat	0-8	RALBP1 associated Eps domain containing protein 2	Mus musculus	46-51
22816731-8	2012	Paraquat induced the degradation of FLI-I and REPS2 proteins, which corresponded with the activation of caspase 3 and cell death progression.	Paraquat	0-8	caspase 3	Mus musculus	104-113
22816731-9	2012	GRX1 overexpression reduced both the degradation and deglutathionylation of FLI-I and REPS2, while stable overexpression of REPS2 reduced paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	138-146	RALBP1 associated Eps domain containing protein 2	Mus musculus	124-129
22816731-10	2012	A decrease in glutathionylated proteins and REPS2 levels was also observed in the substantia nigra of mice treated with paraquat.	Paraquat	120-128	RALBP1 associated Eps domain containing protein 2	Mus musculus	44-49
22816731-11	2012	INNOVATION: We have identified novel protein targets of glutathionylation in dopaminergic cells and demonstrated the protective role of GRX1-mediated protein glutathionylation against paraquat-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	184-192	glutaredoxin	Mus musculus	136-140
23085521-5	2012	In this study, we investigated the phenotype of the xCT-deficient mice under paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	77-85	solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 11	Mus musculus	52-55
23085521-6	2012	At a paraquat dose of 45mg/kg, the survival rate of the xCT-deficient mice was significantly lower than that of the wild-type mice.	Paraquat	5-13	solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 11	Mus musculus	56-59
23085521-8	2012	Histopathological examinations showed that paraquat administration worsened the alveolar structure of the xCT-deficient mice compared with the wild-type mice.	Paraquat	43-51	solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 11	Mus musculus	106-109
23085521-9	2012	After paraquat treatment, obvious 8-hydroxy-2"-deoxyguanosine and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal reactivity was detected in the lungs of the xCT-deficient mice.	Paraquat	6-14	solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 11	Mus musculus	130-133
23085521-10	2012	Although xCT expression was slightly detectable in the lungs of the normal wild-type mice, paraquat administration induced xCT mRNA expression in the lung.	Paraquat	91-99	solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 11	Mus musculus	123-126
23085521-12	2012	GSH levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly higher in the paraquat-treated wild-type mice than in the paraquat-treated xCT-deficient mice.	Paraquat	120-128	solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system), member 11	Mus musculus	137-140
22816731-12	2012	CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate a protective role for GRX1 and increased protein glutathionylation in dopaminergic cell death induced by paraquat, and identify a novel protective role for REPS2.	Paraquat	144-152	glutaredoxin	Mus musculus	61-65
22464403-0	2012	The changes of calretinin immunoreactivity in paraquat-induced nephrotoxic rats.	Paraquat	46-54	calbindin 2	Rattus norvegicus	15-25
22464403-2	2012	Since paraquat causes degeneration in the brush border-bearing proximal tubule cells in rat kidneys, we investigated the changes of calretinin immunoreactivity in the proximal tubule cells of paraquat-induced nephrotoxicity in experimental male Sprague-Dawley rats following chitosan oligosaccharide pretreatment to investigate its protective properties.	Paraquat	192-200	calbindin 2	Rattus norvegicus	132-142
22464403-9	2012	These findings suggested that calretinin is a possible and more useful histopathological marker for proximal tubule cells in paraquat-induced nephrotoxic rats.	Paraquat	125-133	calbindin 2	Rattus norvegicus	30-40
23240748-11	2012	The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin in the lung tissue was significantly increased in the 12-h group (alpha = 0.05) and remained at the same level after 12 h. CONCLUSION: The paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats began at an early stage of inflammation.	Paraquat	183-191	actin gamma 2, smooth muscle	Rattus norvegicus	18-43
23427393-8	2012	RESULTS: TGF-beta1 and PIIIP levels were significantly higher in PQ poisoning patients and increased over time (Groups A and B vs C, P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	65-67	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	9-18
23023206-4	2012	The expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), preprohaptoglobin (Pphg), a precursor of haptoglobin (Hp), and complement component 3 (C3) proteins was greatly induced by PQ exposure while the expression of fibrinogen gamma-chain (FGG) and Ac-158 was dramatically reduced.	Paraquat	166-168	apolipoprotein E	Rattus norvegicus	18-34
23023206-4	2012	The expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), preprohaptoglobin (Pphg), a precursor of haptoglobin (Hp), and complement component 3 (C3) proteins was greatly induced by PQ exposure while the expression of fibrinogen gamma-chain (FGG) and Ac-158 was dramatically reduced.	Paraquat	166-168	apolipoprotein E	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
23023206-4	2012	The expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), preprohaptoglobin (Pphg), a precursor of haptoglobin (Hp), and complement component 3 (C3) proteins was greatly induced by PQ exposure while the expression of fibrinogen gamma-chain (FGG) and Ac-158 was dramatically reduced.	Paraquat	166-168	haptoglobin	Rattus norvegicus	49-60
23023206-4	2012	The expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), preprohaptoglobin (Pphg), a precursor of haptoglobin (Hp), and complement component 3 (C3) proteins was greatly induced by PQ exposure while the expression of fibrinogen gamma-chain (FGG) and Ac-158 was dramatically reduced.	Paraquat	166-168	complement C3	Rattus norvegicus	106-128
23023206-4	2012	The expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), preprohaptoglobin (Pphg), a precursor of haptoglobin (Hp), and complement component 3 (C3) proteins was greatly induced by PQ exposure while the expression of fibrinogen gamma-chain (FGG) and Ac-158 was dramatically reduced.	Paraquat	166-168	complement C3	Rattus norvegicus	130-132
23023206-4	2012	The expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), preprohaptoglobin (Pphg), a precursor of haptoglobin (Hp), and complement component 3 (C3) proteins was greatly induced by PQ exposure while the expression of fibrinogen gamma-chain (FGG) and Ac-158 was dramatically reduced.	Paraquat	166-168	fibrinogen gamma chain	Rattus norvegicus	202-224
23023206-4	2012	The expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), preprohaptoglobin (Pphg), a precursor of haptoglobin (Hp), and complement component 3 (C3) proteins was greatly induced by PQ exposure while the expression of fibrinogen gamma-chain (FGG) and Ac-158 was dramatically reduced.	Paraquat	166-168	fibrinogen gamma chain	Rattus norvegicus	226-229
23023206-6	2012	The expression levels of ApoE, Hp and FGG were significantly altered in the presence of PQ in both rat and human serum suggesting that these proteins may be appropriate candidate molecular biomarkers for the early diagnosis of acute PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	88-90	apolipoprotein E	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
23023206-6	2012	The expression levels of ApoE, Hp and FGG were significantly altered in the presence of PQ in both rat and human serum suggesting that these proteins may be appropriate candidate molecular biomarkers for the early diagnosis of acute PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	88-90	fibrinogen gamma chain	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
23023206-6	2012	The expression levels of ApoE, Hp and FGG were significantly altered in the presence of PQ in both rat and human serum suggesting that these proteins may be appropriate candidate molecular biomarkers for the early diagnosis of acute PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	233-235	apolipoprotein E	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
23023206-6	2012	The expression levels of ApoE, Hp and FGG were significantly altered in the presence of PQ in both rat and human serum suggesting that these proteins may be appropriate candidate molecular biomarkers for the early diagnosis of acute PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	233-235	fibrinogen gamma chain	Rattus norvegicus	38-41
22987761-5	2012	SCG3 was highly expressed in SH-SY5Y cells, and SCG3 mRNA and protein levels were dramatically decreased after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	111-113	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	0-4
22987761-5	2012	SCG3 was highly expressed in SH-SY5Y cells, and SCG3 mRNA and protein levels were dramatically decreased after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	111-113	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	48-52
22987761-6	2012	Apoptosis induced by PQ is associated with caspase activation and decreased SCG3 expression, and restoration of SCG3 expression is observed after treatment with caspase inhibitors.	Paraquat	21-23	secretogranin III	Homo sapiens	76-80
23427393-11	2012	PQ poisoning patients showed remarkably high levels of TGF-beta1 and PIIIP, which increased as PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis progressed.	Paraquat	0-2	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	55-64
23427393-11	2012	PQ poisoning patients showed remarkably high levels of TGF-beta1 and PIIIP, which increased as PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis progressed.	Paraquat	95-97	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	55-64
23427393-12	2012	CONCLUSION: Treatment with intravenous Xuebijing plus conventional therapy significantly lowered TGF-beta1 and PIIIP levels, which indicates therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of PQ poisoning patients.	Paraquat	182-184	transforming growth factor beta 1	Homo sapiens	97-106
22486562-7	2012	Menadione and paraquat, 2 pro-oxidants metabolized via NQO1, induced KLF6(Full)  mRNA in a thiol-dependent manner.	Paraquat	14-22	NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	55-59
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	55-63	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	94-116
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	55-63	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	118-122
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	55-63	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	124-140
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	55-63	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	142-146
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	65-67	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	94-116
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	65-67	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	118-122
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	65-67	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	124-140
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	65-67	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	142-146
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	246-248	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	118-122
22983789-1	2012	The present study was aimed at determining the role of paraquat (PQ) in the activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and the possible neuroprotective effects of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) pretreatment on PQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo and in vitro.	Paraquat	246-248	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	142-146
22983789-2	2012	7 mg/kg PQ treatment of male C57BL/6 mice caused decreased spontaneous locomotor activity, decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons, increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the substantia nigra, as well as increased protein levels of both nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1.	Paraquat	8-10	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	101-121
22983789-2	2012	7 mg/kg PQ treatment of male C57BL/6 mice caused decreased spontaneous locomotor activity, decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons, increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the substantia nigra, as well as increased protein levels of both nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1.	Paraquat	8-10	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	123-125
22983789-2	2012	7 mg/kg PQ treatment of male C57BL/6 mice caused decreased spontaneous locomotor activity, decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons, increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the substantia nigra, as well as increased protein levels of both nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1.	Paraquat	8-10	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	332-336
22983789-2	2012	7 mg/kg PQ treatment of male C57BL/6 mice caused decreased spontaneous locomotor activity, decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons, increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in the substantia nigra, as well as increased protein levels of both nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1.	Paraquat	8-10	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	341-345
22983789-5	2012	The dual-luciferase reporter gene also revealed that the transcriptional activation of HO-1 gene expression of the antioxidant responsive element via Nrf2 occurred as a consequence of 100 and 300 muM PQ exposure.	Paraquat	200-202	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-91
22983789-5	2012	The dual-luciferase reporter gene also revealed that the transcriptional activation of HO-1 gene expression of the antioxidant responsive element via Nrf2 occurred as a consequence of 100 and 300 muM PQ exposure.	Paraquat	200-202	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	150-154
22983789-6	2012	Collectively, these results clearly indicated for the first time that the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the substantia nigra was activated by PQ, and pretreatment with tBHQ conferred neuroprotection against PQ-induced Parkinsonism presumably by increasing Nrf2 and HO-1 expression.	Paraquat	133-135	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
22983789-6	2012	Collectively, these results clearly indicated for the first time that the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the substantia nigra was activated by PQ, and pretreatment with tBHQ conferred neuroprotection against PQ-induced Parkinsonism presumably by increasing Nrf2 and HO-1 expression.	Paraquat	133-135	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
22983789-6	2012	Collectively, these results clearly indicated for the first time that the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the substantia nigra was activated by PQ, and pretreatment with tBHQ conferred neuroprotection against PQ-induced Parkinsonism presumably by increasing Nrf2 and HO-1 expression.	Paraquat	198-200	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	74-78
22983789-6	2012	Collectively, these results clearly indicated for the first time that the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the substantia nigra was activated by PQ, and pretreatment with tBHQ conferred neuroprotection against PQ-induced Parkinsonism presumably by increasing Nrf2 and HO-1 expression.	Paraquat	198-200	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	79-83
22983789-6	2012	Collectively, these results clearly indicated for the first time that the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the substantia nigra was activated by PQ, and pretreatment with tBHQ conferred neuroprotection against PQ-induced Parkinsonism presumably by increasing Nrf2 and HO-1 expression.	Paraquat	198-200	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	247-251
22983789-6	2012	Collectively, these results clearly indicated for the first time that the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the substantia nigra was activated by PQ, and pretreatment with tBHQ conferred neuroprotection against PQ-induced Parkinsonism presumably by increasing Nrf2 and HO-1 expression.	Paraquat	198-200	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	256-260
22486562-7	2012	Menadione and paraquat, 2 pro-oxidants metabolized via NQO1, induced KLF6(Full)  mRNA in a thiol-dependent manner.	Paraquat	14-22	Kruppel like factor 6	Homo sapiens	69-73
22678742-0	2012	Paraquat induces lung alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis via Nrf-2-regulated mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress.	Paraquat	0-8	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	61-66
23077033-5	2012	Here, using paraquat (PQ)-based in vitro and in vivo PD models, we show that Nox1 has a crucial role in modulating the behavior of alpha-synuclein expression and aggregation in dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	12-20	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
23077033-5	2012	Here, using paraquat (PQ)-based in vitro and in vivo PD models, we show that Nox1 has a crucial role in modulating the behavior of alpha-synuclein expression and aggregation in dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	12-20	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	131-146
23077033-5	2012	Here, using paraquat (PQ)-based in vitro and in vivo PD models, we show that Nox1 has a crucial role in modulating the behavior of alpha-synuclein expression and aggregation in dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	22-24	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	77-81
23077033-5	2012	Here, using paraquat (PQ)-based in vitro and in vivo PD models, we show that Nox1 has a crucial role in modulating the behavior of alpha-synuclein expression and aggregation in dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	22-24	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	131-146
23077033-6	2012	We observed in differentiated human dopaminergic cells that Nox1 and alpha-synuclein expressions are increased under PQ exposure.	Paraquat	117-119	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	60-64
23077033-6	2012	We observed in differentiated human dopaminergic cells that Nox1 and alpha-synuclein expressions are increased under PQ exposure.	Paraquat	117-119	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	69-84
23077033-8	2012	Furthermore, in rats exposed to PQ, the selective knockdown of Nox1 in the substantia nigra, using adeno-associated virus encoding Nox1-specific shRNA, largely attenuated the PQ-mediated increase of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin expression levels as well as alpha-synuclein aggregates (proteinase K resistant) and A11 oligomers.	Paraquat	32-34	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	63-67
23077033-8	2012	Furthermore, in rats exposed to PQ, the selective knockdown of Nox1 in the substantia nigra, using adeno-associated virus encoding Nox1-specific shRNA, largely attenuated the PQ-mediated increase of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin expression levels as well as alpha-synuclein aggregates (proteinase K resistant) and A11 oligomers.	Paraquat	32-34	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	199-214
23077033-8	2012	Furthermore, in rats exposed to PQ, the selective knockdown of Nox1 in the substantia nigra, using adeno-associated virus encoding Nox1-specific shRNA, largely attenuated the PQ-mediated increase of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin expression levels as well as alpha-synuclein aggregates (proteinase K resistant) and A11 oligomers.	Paraquat	175-177	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	63-67
23077033-8	2012	Furthermore, in rats exposed to PQ, the selective knockdown of Nox1 in the substantia nigra, using adeno-associated virus encoding Nox1-specific shRNA, largely attenuated the PQ-mediated increase of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin expression levels as well as alpha-synuclein aggregates (proteinase K resistant) and A11 oligomers.	Paraquat	175-177	NADPH oxidase 1	Homo sapiens	131-135
23077033-8	2012	Furthermore, in rats exposed to PQ, the selective knockdown of Nox1 in the substantia nigra, using adeno-associated virus encoding Nox1-specific shRNA, largely attenuated the PQ-mediated increase of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin expression levels as well as alpha-synuclein aggregates (proteinase K resistant) and A11 oligomers.	Paraquat	175-177	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	199-214
23077033-8	2012	Furthermore, in rats exposed to PQ, the selective knockdown of Nox1 in the substantia nigra, using adeno-associated virus encoding Nox1-specific shRNA, largely attenuated the PQ-mediated increase of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin expression levels as well as alpha-synuclein aggregates (proteinase K resistant) and A11 oligomers.	Paraquat	175-177	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	258-273
23077033-8	2012	Furthermore, in rats exposed to PQ, the selective knockdown of Nox1 in the substantia nigra, using adeno-associated virus encoding Nox1-specific shRNA, largely attenuated the PQ-mediated increase of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin expression levels as well as alpha-synuclein aggregates (proteinase K resistant) and A11 oligomers.	Paraquat	175-177	immunoglobulin kappa variable 3D-20	Homo sapiens	314-317
23045187-12	2012	In men with functional GSTT1, the odds ratio (OR) for association of PD with paraquat use was 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6-3.6); in men with GSTT1*0, the OR was 11.1 (95% CI: 3.0-44.6; P interaction: 0.027).	Paraquat	77-85	glutathione S-transferase theta 1	Homo sapiens	23-28
22695329-7	2012	Pre-treatment of transgenic mice with paraquat, a generator of reactive oxygen species, before injury restored the susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion kidney injury, suggesting that STC1 protects by an anti-oxidant mechanism.	Paraquat	38-46	stanniocalcin 1	Mus musculus	185-189
22710144-6	2012	Genes significantly induced by both AT and PQ in loh2 included transcription factors (ANAC042/JUB1, ANAC102, DREB19, HSFA2, RRTF1, ZAT10, ZAT12, ethylene-responsive factors), signaling compounds, ferritins, alternative oxidases, and antioxidant enzymes.	Paraquat	43-45	NAC domain containing protein 42	Arabidopsis thaliana	86-93
22710144-6	2012	Genes significantly induced by both AT and PQ in loh2 included transcription factors (ANAC042/JUB1, ANAC102, DREB19, HSFA2, RRTF1, ZAT10, ZAT12, ethylene-responsive factors), signaling compounds, ferritins, alternative oxidases, and antioxidant enzymes.	Paraquat	43-45	NAC domain containing protein 42	Arabidopsis thaliana	94-98
22710144-6	2012	Genes significantly induced by both AT and PQ in loh2 included transcription factors (ANAC042/JUB1, ANAC102, DREB19, HSFA2, RRTF1, ZAT10, ZAT12, ethylene-responsive factors), signaling compounds, ferritins, alternative oxidases, and antioxidant enzymes.	Paraquat	43-45	NAC domain containing protein 102	Arabidopsis thaliana	100-107
22710144-6	2012	Genes significantly induced by both AT and PQ in loh2 included transcription factors (ANAC042/JUB1, ANAC102, DREB19, HSFA2, RRTF1, ZAT10, ZAT12, ethylene-responsive factors), signaling compounds, ferritins, alternative oxidases, and antioxidant enzymes.	Paraquat	43-45	Integrase-type DNA-binding superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	109-115
22885616-4	2012	Here methyl viologen (MV) treatment was demonstrated to increase greatly the accumulation of H(2)O(2) in MsrB7-knockdown, MsrB8-knockdown and wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in transgenic plants overexpressing MsrB7 or MsrB8.	Paraquat	5-20	methionine sulfoxide reductase B7	Arabidopsis thaliana	105-110
22710144-6	2012	Genes significantly induced by both AT and PQ in loh2 included transcription factors (ANAC042/JUB1, ANAC102, DREB19, HSFA2, RRTF1, ZAT10, ZAT12, ethylene-responsive factors), signaling compounds, ferritins, alternative oxidases, and antioxidant enzymes.	Paraquat	43-45	heat shock transcription factor A2	Arabidopsis thaliana	117-122
22885616-4	2012	Here methyl viologen (MV) treatment was demonstrated to increase greatly the accumulation of H(2)O(2) in MsrB7-knockdown, MsrB8-knockdown and wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in transgenic plants overexpressing MsrB7 or MsrB8.	Paraquat	5-20	methionine sulfoxide reductase B8	Arabidopsis thaliana	122-127
22885616-4	2012	Here methyl viologen (MV) treatment was demonstrated to increase greatly the accumulation of H(2)O(2) in MsrB7-knockdown, MsrB8-knockdown and wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in transgenic plants overexpressing MsrB7 or MsrB8.	Paraquat	5-20	methionine sulfoxide reductase B7	Arabidopsis thaliana	209-214
22885616-4	2012	Here methyl viologen (MV) treatment was demonstrated to increase greatly the accumulation of H(2)O(2) in MsrB7-knockdown, MsrB8-knockdown and wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in transgenic plants overexpressing MsrB7 or MsrB8.	Paraquat	5-20	methionine sulfoxide reductase B8	Arabidopsis thaliana	218-223
22885616-4	2012	Here methyl viologen (MV) treatment was demonstrated to increase greatly the accumulation of H(2)O(2) in MsrB7-knockdown, MsrB8-knockdown and wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in transgenic plants overexpressing MsrB7 or MsrB8.	Paraquat	22-24	methionine sulfoxide reductase B7	Arabidopsis thaliana	105-110
22885616-4	2012	Here methyl viologen (MV) treatment was demonstrated to increase greatly the accumulation of H(2)O(2) in MsrB7-knockdown, MsrB8-knockdown and wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in transgenic plants overexpressing MsrB7 or MsrB8.	Paraquat	22-24	methionine sulfoxide reductase B8	Arabidopsis thaliana	122-127
22885616-4	2012	Here methyl viologen (MV) treatment was demonstrated to increase greatly the accumulation of H(2)O(2) in MsrB7-knockdown, MsrB8-knockdown and wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in transgenic plants overexpressing MsrB7 or MsrB8.	Paraquat	22-24	methionine sulfoxide reductase B7	Arabidopsis thaliana	209-214
22710144-6	2012	Genes significantly induced by both AT and PQ in loh2 included transcription factors (ANAC042/JUB1, ANAC102, DREB19, HSFA2, RRTF1, ZAT10, ZAT12, ethylene-responsive factors), signaling compounds, ferritins, alternative oxidases, and antioxidant enzymes.	Paraquat	43-45	redox responsive transcription factor 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	124-129
22710144-6	2012	Genes significantly induced by both AT and PQ in loh2 included transcription factors (ANAC042/JUB1, ANAC102, DREB19, HSFA2, RRTF1, ZAT10, ZAT12, ethylene-responsive factors), signaling compounds, ferritins, alternative oxidases, and antioxidant enzymes.	Paraquat	43-45	salt tolerance zinc finger	Arabidopsis thaliana	131-136
22710144-6	2012	Genes significantly induced by both AT and PQ in loh2 included transcription factors (ANAC042/JUB1, ANAC102, DREB19, HSFA2, RRTF1, ZAT10, ZAT12, ethylene-responsive factors), signaling compounds, ferritins, alternative oxidases, and antioxidant enzymes.	Paraquat	43-45	C2H2-type zinc finger family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	138-143
22885616-4	2012	Here methyl viologen (MV) treatment was demonstrated to increase greatly the accumulation of H(2)O(2) in MsrB7-knockdown, MsrB8-knockdown and wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in transgenic plants overexpressing MsrB7 or MsrB8.	Paraquat	22-24	methionine sulfoxide reductase B8	Arabidopsis thaliana	218-223
22885616-5	2012	The reduction in H(2)O(2) level under MV treatment in these overexpressing plants coincided with increased activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST), a herbicide-detoxifying enzyme.	Paraquat	38-40	glutathione S-transferase PHI 10	Arabidopsis thaliana	119-144
22885616-5	2012	The reduction in H(2)O(2) level under MV treatment in these overexpressing plants coincided with increased activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST), a herbicide-detoxifying enzyme.	Paraquat	38-40	glutathione S-transferase PHI 10	Arabidopsis thaliana	146-149
22773682-3	2012	The transcript and protein levels of AtGPX8 in Arabidopsis were up-regulated coordinately in response to oxidative damage caused by high-light (HL) stress or treatment with paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	173-181	glutathione peroxidase 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	37-43
22402261-2	2012	We found that SBPase was rapidly carbonylated in response to methyl viologen (MV) treatments in detached leaves of Arabidopsis plants.	Paraquat	61-76	sedoheptulose-bisphosphatase	Arabidopsis thaliana	14-20
22773682-3	2012	The transcript and protein levels of AtGPX8 in Arabidopsis were up-regulated coordinately in response to oxidative damage caused by high-light (HL) stress or treatment with paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	183-185	glutathione peroxidase 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	37-43
22773682-4	2012	Furthermore, the knockout Arabidopsis mutants of AtGPX8 (KO-gpx8) exhibited increased sensitivity to oxidative damage caused by PQ treatment in root elongation compared with the wild-type plants.	Paraquat	128-130	glutathione peroxidase 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	49-55
22773682-4	2012	Furthermore, the knockout Arabidopsis mutants of AtGPX8 (KO-gpx8) exhibited increased sensitivity to oxidative damage caused by PQ treatment in root elongation compared with the wild-type plants.	Paraquat	128-130	glutathione peroxidase 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	60-64
22773682-6	2012	The levels of oxidized proteins in the KO-gpx8 and Ox-AtGPX8 lines were enhanced and suppressed, respectively, compared with the wild-type plants under HL stress or PQ treatment.	Paraquat	165-167	glutathione peroxidase 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	42-46
22773682-6	2012	The levels of oxidized proteins in the KO-gpx8 and Ox-AtGPX8 lines were enhanced and suppressed, respectively, compared with the wild-type plants under HL stress or PQ treatment.	Paraquat	165-167	glutathione peroxidase 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	54-60
22773682-9	2012	Oxidative DNA damage under treatment with PQ increased in the wild-type and KO-gpx8 plants, while it decreased in the OX-AtGPX8 plants.	Paraquat	42-44	glutathione peroxidase 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	79-83
22773682-9	2012	Oxidative DNA damage under treatment with PQ increased in the wild-type and KO-gpx8 plants, while it decreased in the OX-AtGPX8 plants.	Paraquat	42-44	glutathione peroxidase 8	Arabidopsis thaliana	121-127
23257085-10	2012	RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the PQ group showed significantly higher lung wet/dry weight ratios at 3 and 7 days after PQ exposure and significantly higher plasma TNF-alpha and MDA levels at 1, 3, and 7 days after PQ exposure (P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	53-55	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	183-192
23257085-14	2012	After 6 hours of PQ exposure, intravenous injection of 1x10(7) BMSCs can result in significant decreases in lung wet/dry weight ratio and plasma TNF-alpha and MDA levels.	Paraquat	17-19	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	145-154
23257087-10	2012	The protein content of TGF-beta(1) and the activities of NF-kappaB p65 and TNF-alpha in the PQ group and C-PC group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group, while the indices in the C-PC group were significantly lower than those in the PQ group (P &lt; 0.05, P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	92-94	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-34
22493042-0	2012	Resveratrol inhibits paraquat-induced oxidative stress and fibrogenic response by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway.	Paraquat	21-29	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	97-140
23257087-10	2012	The protein content of TGF-beta(1) and the activities of NF-kappaB p65 and TNF-alpha in the PQ group and C-PC group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group, while the indices in the C-PC group were significantly lower than those in the PQ group (P &lt; 0.05, P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	92-94	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	75-84
23257087-10	2012	The protein content of TGF-beta(1) and the activities of NF-kappaB p65 and TNF-alpha in the PQ group and C-PC group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group, while the indices in the C-PC group were significantly lower than those in the PQ group (P &lt; 0.05, P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	261-263	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	23-34
22931872-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) combined with plasma cryoprecipitate (CRYO) on the corneal injury induced by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	157-165	pro-epidermal growth factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	50-73
22931872-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) combined with plasma cryoprecipitate (CRYO) on the corneal injury induced by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	157-165	pro-epidermal growth factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	75-78
22931872-7	2012	CONCLUSION: EGF and EGF plus CRYO could be used to treat the corneal injury induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	87-95	pro-epidermal growth factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	12-15
22931872-7	2012	CONCLUSION: EGF and EGF plus CRYO could be used to treat the corneal injury induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	87-95	pro-epidermal growth factor	Oryctolagus cuniculus	20-23
22210019-10	2012	Our results show that PTX3 is a useful biomarker of severity and outcome predictor in paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	86-94	pentraxin 3	Homo sapiens	22-26
22721943-0	2012	Protective role of glutathione reductase in paraquat induced neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	44-52	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	19-40
22721943-3	2012	Focus was on the role of glutathione (GSH) cycle and to examine whether the pre-treatment with enzyme glutathione reductase (GR) could protect the vulnerable brain regions (VBRs) against harmful oxidative effect of PQ.	Paraquat	215-217	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	102-123
22721943-3	2012	Focus was on the role of glutathione (GSH) cycle and to examine whether the pre-treatment with enzyme glutathione reductase (GR) could protect the vulnerable brain regions (VBRs) against harmful oxidative effect of PQ.	Paraquat	215-217	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	125-127
22491967-7	2012	Surprisingly, paraquat-induced cell death, which harbours some characteristics of apoptosis such as cyt c release and caspase-3 activation, is not modulated by Bcl-2 and caspase inhibitors, suggesting that paraquat also triggers non-apoptotic cell death signals.	Paraquat	14-22	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	100-105
22491967-7	2012	Surprisingly, paraquat-induced cell death, which harbours some characteristics of apoptosis such as cyt c release and caspase-3 activation, is not modulated by Bcl-2 and caspase inhibitors, suggesting that paraquat also triggers non-apoptotic cell death signals.	Paraquat	14-22	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	118-127
22493042-4	2012	Here, we analyzed the molecular mechanism of the fibrogenic response to PQ and its inhibition by Res and Nrf2.	Paraquat	72-74	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	105-109
22493042-7	2012	PQ at 10 muM stimulated production of inflammatory and profibrogenic factors (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and transforming growth factor beta1) and induced the transformation of normal human lung fibroblasts (WI38-VA13) to myofibroblasts; both effects were inhibited by Res.	Paraquat	0-2	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	78-105
22493042-7	2012	PQ at 10 muM stimulated production of inflammatory and profibrogenic factors (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and transforming growth factor beta1) and induced the transformation of normal human lung fibroblasts (WI38-VA13) to myofibroblasts; both effects were inhibited by Res.	Paraquat	0-2	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	107-120
22493042-7	2012	PQ at 10 muM stimulated production of inflammatory and profibrogenic factors (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and transforming growth factor beta1) and induced the transformation of normal human lung fibroblasts (WI38-VA13) to myofibroblasts; both effects were inhibited by Res.	Paraquat	0-2	potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1	Homo sapiens	153-158
22493042-9	2012	On the other hand, knockout or knockdown of Nrf2 markedly increased PQ-induced cytotoxicity, cytokine production, and myofibroblast transformation and abolished protection by Res.	Paraquat	68-70	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	44-48
22493042-10	2012	The findings demonstrate that Res attenuates PQ-induced reactive oxygen species production, inflammation, and fibrotic reactions by activating Nrf2 signaling.	Paraquat	45-47	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	143-147
22581813-0	2012	Effects of RNA interference-induced Smad3 gene silencing on pulmonary fibrosis caused by paraquat in mice.	Paraquat	89-97	SMAD family member 3	Mus musculus	36-41
21482445-0	2012	Interferon-gamma plays a role in paraquat-induced neurodegeneration involving oxidative and proinflammatory pathways.	Paraquat	33-41	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	0-16
21482445-4	2012	Indeed, the present investigation demonstrated that genetic deletion of IFN-gamma protected substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopamine (DA) neurons from the toxic effects of the pesticide, paraquat, and normalized changes in inflammatory and oxidative factors within this brain region.	Paraquat	192-200	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	72-81
21482445-6	2012	Moreover, paraquat transiently suppressed substantia nigra pars compacta expression of trophic and proneuroplastic factors (cyclic-AMP response element binding protein [CREB], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]), and IFN-gamma deficiency again reversed these effects.	Paraquat	10-18	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	124-167
21482445-6	2012	Moreover, paraquat transiently suppressed substantia nigra pars compacta expression of trophic and proneuroplastic factors (cyclic-AMP response element binding protein [CREB], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]), and IFN-gamma deficiency again reversed these effects.	Paraquat	10-18	cAMP responsive element binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	169-173
21482445-6	2012	Moreover, paraquat transiently suppressed substantia nigra pars compacta expression of trophic and proneuroplastic factors (cyclic-AMP response element binding protein [CREB], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]), and IFN-gamma deficiency again reversed these effects.	Paraquat	10-18	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	176-209
21482445-6	2012	Moreover, paraquat transiently suppressed substantia nigra pars compacta expression of trophic and proneuroplastic factors (cyclic-AMP response element binding protein [CREB], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]), and IFN-gamma deficiency again reversed these effects.	Paraquat	10-18	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	211-215
21482445-7	2012	These data suggest that IFN-gamma is important for paraquat-induced neurodegeneration and the accompanying oxidative, inflammatory, and trophic changes that characterize the response to the toxin.	Paraquat	51-59	interferon gamma	Homo sapiens	24-33
22101472-1	2012	In the present work, the response of tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum L.) wild-type SR1 and transgenic CAT1AS plants (with a basal reduced CAT activity) was evaluated after exposure to the herbicide paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	194-202	catalase isozyme 1	Nicotiana tabacum	98-101
22101472-6	2012	PQ decreased CAT expression in SR1 or CAT1AS plants at 3 and 21 h of treatment.	Paraquat	0-2	catalase isozyme 1	Nicotiana tabacum	13-16
22101472-6	2012	PQ decreased CAT expression in SR1 or CAT1AS plants at 3 and 21 h of treatment.	Paraquat	0-2	catalase isozyme 1	Nicotiana tabacum	38-42
22581813-3	2012	Thus, we sought to determine whether targeted silencing of Smad3 gene expression could inhibit PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.	Paraquat	95-97	SMAD family member 3	Mus musculus	59-64
22581813-7	2012	Thus, silencing of Smad3 appears to be a promising alternative strategy for the treatment of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	93-95	SMAD family member 3	Mus musculus	19-24
22804981-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in lung of rats exposed to paraquat (PQ) and the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 on above expression.	Paraquat	154-162	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	44-70
22556181-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To report on three patients with paraquat (PQ) intoxication surviving after combined therapy with hemoperfusion (HP), cyclophosphamide (CTX), and glucocorticoid.	Paraquat	44-52	cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
22556181-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To report on three patients with paraquat (PQ) intoxication surviving after combined therapy with hemoperfusion (HP), cyclophosphamide (CTX), and glucocorticoid.	Paraquat	54-56	cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily A member 1	Homo sapiens	147-150
22804981-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in lung of rats exposed to paraquat (PQ) and the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 on above expression.	Paraquat	154-162	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	72-77
22804981-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in lung of rats exposed to paraquat (PQ) and the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 on above expression.	Paraquat	154-162	matrix metallopeptidase 14	Rattus norvegicus	118-125
22804981-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in lung of rats exposed to paraquat (PQ) and the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 on above expression.	Paraquat	164-166	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	44-70
22804981-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in lung of rats exposed to paraquat (PQ) and the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 on above expression.	Paraquat	164-166	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	72-77
22804981-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in lung of rats exposed to paraquat (PQ) and the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 on above expression.	Paraquat	164-166	matrix metallopeptidase 14	Rattus norvegicus	118-125
22804981-12	2012	CONCLUSION: The expression changes of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP genes of lungs in rats intragastrically exposed to PQ could result in the unbalance the synthesis and degradation of ECM, which may be a cause of lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	107-109	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	38-43
22804981-12	2012	CONCLUSION: The expression changes of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP genes of lungs in rats intragastrically exposed to PQ could result in the unbalance the synthesis and degradation of ECM, which may be a cause of lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	107-109	matrix metallopeptidase 14	Rattus norvegicus	48-55
22492932-3	2012	Here, we identified an Arabidopsis L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) family transporter, named RMV1 (resistant to methyl viologen 1), responsible for uptake of PA and its analog paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	180-188	Amino acid permease family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	97-101
22575657-4	2012	Methyl viologen treatment, mainly to enhance photosystem (PS) I-originated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, caused more severe damage to aor than wild type (Col-0).	Paraquat	0-15	Oxidoreductase, zinc-binding dehydrogenase family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	146-149
22492932-3	2012	Here, we identified an Arabidopsis L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) family transporter, named RMV1 (resistant to methyl viologen 1), responsible for uptake of PA and its analog paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	190-192	Amino acid permease family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	97-101
22492932-4	2012	The natural variation in PQ tolerance was determined in 22 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions based on the polymorphic variation of RMV1.	Paraquat	25-27	Amino acid permease family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	129-133
22492932-6	2012	The Arabidopsis rmv1 mutant was highly resistant to PQ because of the reduction of PQ uptake activity.	Paraquat	52-54	Amino acid permease family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-20
22492932-6	2012	The Arabidopsis rmv1 mutant was highly resistant to PQ because of the reduction of PQ uptake activity.	Paraquat	83-85	Amino acid permease family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	16-20
22492932-8	2012	RMV1 overexpressing plants were hypersensitive to PA and PQ and showed elevated PA/PQ uptake activity, supporting the notion that PQ enters plant cells via a carrier system that inherently functions in PA transport.	Paraquat	57-59	Amino acid permease family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
22492932-8	2012	RMV1 overexpressing plants were hypersensitive to PA and PQ and showed elevated PA/PQ uptake activity, supporting the notion that PQ enters plant cells via a carrier system that inherently functions in PA transport.	Paraquat	83-85	Amino acid permease family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
22492932-8	2012	RMV1 overexpressing plants were hypersensitive to PA and PQ and showed elevated PA/PQ uptake activity, supporting the notion that PQ enters plant cells via a carrier system that inherently functions in PA transport.	Paraquat	83-85	Amino acid permease family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
22492932-9	2012	Furthermore, we demonstrated that polymorphic variation in RMV1 controls PA/PQ uptake activity.	Paraquat	76-78	Amino acid permease family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	59-63
22804935-0	2012	[The effects of Nrf2 gene expression induced by RU486 at different doses on A549 cell damage induced by paraquat].	Paraquat	104-112	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	16-20
22334051-5	2012	Maneb and paraquat reduced Cyp2d22 and vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT-2) expressions, the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells, and dopamine content and increased paraquat accumulation in the nigrostriatal tissues, oxidative stress, microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis.	Paraquat	10-18	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 22	Mus musculus	27-34
22334051-5	2012	Maneb and paraquat reduced Cyp2d22 and vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT-2) expressions, the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells, and dopamine content and increased paraquat accumulation in the nigrostriatal tissues, oxidative stress, microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis.	Paraquat	10-18	solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2	Mus musculus	39-77
22334051-5	2012	Maneb and paraquat reduced Cyp2d22 and vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT-2) expressions, the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells, and dopamine content and increased paraquat accumulation in the nigrostriatal tissues, oxidative stress, microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis.	Paraquat	10-18	solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), member 2	Mus musculus	79-85
22334051-8	2012	The results obtained in the study demonstrate that Cyp2d22 offers neuroprotection in maneb- and paraquat-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration and resveratrol enhances its neuroprotective credentials by influencing Cyp2d22 expression and paraquat accumulation.	Paraquat	96-104	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily d, polypeptide 22	Mus musculus	51-58
22201039-8	2012	Maneb and paraquat induced the number of degenerating dopaminergic neurons, microglial cells, nitrite content, expressions of IL-1beta, p38 MAPK, NF-kB and TK and caffeine co-treatment reduced the level of such alterations.	Paraquat	10-18	interleukin 1 beta	Mus musculus	126-134
22201039-8	2012	Maneb and paraquat induced the number of degenerating dopaminergic neurons, microglial cells, nitrite content, expressions of IL-1beta, p38 MAPK, NF-kB and TK and caffeine co-treatment reduced the level of such alterations.	Paraquat	10-18	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Mus musculus	136-144
22804936-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in early lung fibrosis of rats with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	121-129	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	67-77
22804936-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in early lung fibrosis of rats with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	131-133	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	34-65
22804936-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in early lung fibrosis of rats with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	131-133	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	67-77
22804936-15	2012	CONCLUSION: The results of present study shown that there were the pulmonary fibrosis and increased expression of HIF-1alpha in acute PQ poisoning rats at the early stage, and HIF-1alpha may be associated with pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	134-136	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	114-124
22804935-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Nrf2 gene expression induced by RU486 at different doses on A549 cell damage induced by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	125-133	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
22804935-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Nrf2 gene expression induced by RU486 at different doses on A549 cell damage induced by paraquat (PQ).	Paraquat	135-137	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
22804935-4	2012	RESULTS: Nrf2 gene relative expression and protein contents increased with RU486 concentrations, and the above expression was the highest when the concentration of RU486 was 10(-7) mol/L, which was significantly higher than those in control and PQ exposure groups (P &lt; 0.01 or P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	245-247	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	9-13
22804935-5	2012	The relative gene expression and protein expression of IL-6 and TNF-alpha enhanced with the reduced concentrations of RU486, which were the lowest when RU486 concentration was 10(-7) mol/L, as compared with control and PQ exposure groups (P &lt; 0.01 or P &lt; 0.05), while the change of IL-10 content was the opposite.	Paraquat	219-221	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	55-59
22804935-5	2012	The relative gene expression and protein expression of IL-6 and TNF-alpha enhanced with the reduced concentrations of RU486, which were the lowest when RU486 concentration was 10(-7) mol/L, as compared with control and PQ exposure groups (P &lt; 0.01 or P &lt; 0.05), while the change of IL-10 content was the opposite.	Paraquat	219-221	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	64-73
22804935-6	2012	The relative expression of Caspase3, Caspase9 and Cytochrome C genes also increased with the reduced concentrations of RU486, which were the lowest when RU486 concentration was 10(-7) mol/L, as compared with control and PQ exposure groups (P &lt; 0.01 or P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	220-222	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	27-35
22804935-6	2012	The relative expression of Caspase3, Caspase9 and Cytochrome C genes also increased with the reduced concentrations of RU486, which were the lowest when RU486 concentration was 10(-7) mol/L, as compared with control and PQ exposure groups (P &lt; 0.01 or P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	220-222	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	50-62
22804935-9	2012	CONCLUSION: Nrf2 expression induced by RU486 can promote the balance of oxidation-antioxidation system in A549 cells and inhibit the inflammation and apoptosis factors, which has a protective effect on A549 cell injury induced by PQ.	Paraquat	230-232	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	12-16
22804936-0	2012	[The relationship between HIF-1alpha expression and the early lung fibrosis in rats with acute paraquat poisoning].	Paraquat	95-103	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	26-36
22804936-1	2012	OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in early lung fibrosis of rats with acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	121-129	hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha	Rattus norvegicus	34-65
22306778-5	2012	We have shown recently that paraquat-treated cells are a useful model for examining TDP-43 SG localization.	Paraquat	28-36	TAR DNA binding protein	Homo sapiens	84-90
22245251-4	2012	In this study, minocycline was effective in preventing PQ-induced apoptotic cell death, which involves the cleavages of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase 3 and increased fluorescence intensity of annexin V-FITC.	Paraquat	55-57	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	120-148
22245251-4	2012	In this study, minocycline was effective in preventing PQ-induced apoptotic cell death, which involves the cleavages of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase 3 and increased fluorescence intensity of annexin V-FITC.	Paraquat	55-57	poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	Homo sapiens	150-154
22245251-4	2012	In this study, minocycline was effective in preventing PQ-induced apoptotic cell death, which involves the cleavages of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase 3 and increased fluorescence intensity of annexin V-FITC.	Paraquat	55-57	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	160-169
22245251-4	2012	In this study, minocycline was effective in preventing PQ-induced apoptotic cell death, which involves the cleavages of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase 3 and increased fluorescence intensity of annexin V-FITC.	Paraquat	55-57	annexin A5	Homo sapiens	210-219
22245251-6	2012	Finally, the mechanism of minocycline in preventing PQ-induced apoptosis might be mediated by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which respectively results in caspase-12 activation and the release of H2O2, HtrA2/Omi, and Smac/Diablo.	Paraquat	52-54	HtrA serine peptidase 2	Homo sapiens	248-253
22245251-6	2012	Finally, the mechanism of minocycline in preventing PQ-induced apoptosis might be mediated by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which respectively results in caspase-12 activation and the release of H2O2, HtrA2/Omi, and Smac/Diablo.	Paraquat	52-54	diablo IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Homo sapiens	263-267
22245251-6	2012	Finally, the mechanism of minocycline in preventing PQ-induced apoptosis might be mediated by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which respectively results in caspase-12 activation and the release of H2O2, HtrA2/Omi, and Smac/Diablo.	Paraquat	52-54	diablo IAP-binding mitochondrial protein	Homo sapiens	268-274
22265916-8	2012	Furthermore, adult gut-specific knockdown and whole-animal heterozygotes of Mmp1 increased additively sensitivity to paraquat-induced oxidative stress and shortened lifespan.	Paraquat	117-125	Matrix metalloproteinase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	76-80
22185821-3	2012	By knocking down the Nrf2 gene, we confirmed that cyclo(His-Pro) inhibits NF-kappaB nuclear accumulation induced by paraquat in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells via the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway.	Paraquat	116-124	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	21-25
22185821-3	2012	By knocking down the Nrf2 gene, we confirmed that cyclo(His-Pro) inhibits NF-kappaB nuclear accumulation induced by paraquat in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells via the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway.	Paraquat	116-124	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	168-172
22185821-3	2012	By knocking down the Nrf2 gene, we confirmed that cyclo(His-Pro) inhibits NF-kappaB nuclear accumulation induced by paraquat in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells via the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway.	Paraquat	116-124	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	173-189
22185821-4	2012	The protection required functional heme oxygenase-1 activity, since zinc protoporphyrin IX, a heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor, prevented NF-kappaB inhibition, and the presence of exogenous carbon monoxide and bilirubin afforded cytoprotection against paraquat-induced toxicity by preventing NF-kappaB activation.	Paraquat	246-254	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-51
22306778-10	2012	Further evidence for persistence of TDP-43 aggregates was obtained by treating cultures with cycloheximide after paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	113-121	TAR DNA binding protein	Homo sapiens	36-42
22306778-12	2012	Finally, we showed that addition of ERK and JNK inhibitors together with paraquat blocked TDP-43-positive SG formation, while treatment with inhibitors after 24h paraquat exposure failed to reverse the TDP-43 accumulation.	Paraquat	73-81	TAR DNA binding protein	Homo sapiens	90-96
22244881-11	2012	Apocynin and/or NAC also mitigated Zn- and PQ-induced alterations in oxidative stress, NADPH oxidase activation and cytochrome c release, caspases-9 and -3 activation and CD11b expression.	Paraquat	43-45	integrin subunit alpha M	Rattus norvegicus	171-176
22026747-9	2012	Further studies showed that the transcript level of AtPDR11 could be strongly induced by paraquat and other abiotic stresses including H(2) O(2) , indicating possible up-regulation of AtPDR11 expression by oxidative stress signaling.	Paraquat	89-97	pleiotropic drug resistance 11	Arabidopsis thaliana	184-191
21971996-9	2012	In addition, we showed that NnMT2a and NnMT3 conferred improved germination ability to NaCl and methyl viologen on transgenic Arabidopsis seeds.	Paraquat	96-111	metallothionein-like protein 2	Nelumbo nucifera	28-34
22026747-0	2012	Loss of AtPDR11, a plasma membrane-localized ABC transporter, confers paraquat tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.	Paraquat	70-78	pleiotropic drug resistance 11	Arabidopsis thaliana	8-15
22026747-6	2012	Loss-of-function mutations of AtPDR11 led to reduced paraquat accumulation in plant cells.	Paraquat	53-61	pleiotropic drug resistance 11	Arabidopsis thaliana	30-37
22026747-9	2012	Further studies showed that the transcript level of AtPDR11 could be strongly induced by paraquat and other abiotic stresses including H(2) O(2) , indicating possible up-regulation of AtPDR11 expression by oxidative stress signaling.	Paraquat	89-97	pleiotropic drug resistance 11	Arabidopsis thaliana	52-59
22197903-5	2012	Chronic Paraquat exposure shortened the maximum survival time from 73 to 35days and decreased the climbing ability by 60% while blueberry extracts at 5mg/ml in diet could significantly increase the survival rate and partially restore the climbing ability with up-regulating SOD, CAT, and Rpn11.	Paraquat	8-16	Superoxide dismutase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	274-277
22051242-5	2012	Analysis of these mice confirmed that mIGF-1-induced SirT1 activity is necessary to protect the heart from paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress and lethality.	Paraquat	107-115	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	38-44
22051242-5	2012	Analysis of these mice confirmed that mIGF-1-induced SirT1 activity is necessary to protect the heart from paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress and lethality.	Paraquat	107-115	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	53-58
22051242-5	2012	Analysis of these mice confirmed that mIGF-1-induced SirT1 activity is necessary to protect the heart from paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress and lethality.	Paraquat	117-119	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	38-44
22051242-5	2012	Analysis of these mice confirmed that mIGF-1-induced SirT1 activity is necessary to protect the heart from paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress and lethality.	Paraquat	117-119	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	53-58
22197903-5	2012	Chronic Paraquat exposure shortened the maximum survival time from 73 to 35days and decreased the climbing ability by 60% while blueberry extracts at 5mg/ml in diet could significantly increase the survival rate and partially restore the climbing ability with up-regulating SOD, CAT, and Rpn11.	Paraquat	8-16	Catalase	Drosophila melanogaster	279-282
22197903-5	2012	Chronic Paraquat exposure shortened the maximum survival time from 73 to 35days and decreased the climbing ability by 60% while blueberry extracts at 5mg/ml in diet could significantly increase the survival rate and partially restore the climbing ability with up-regulating SOD, CAT, and Rpn11.	Paraquat	8-16	Regulatory particle non-ATPase 11	Drosophila melanogaster	288-293
22265822-5	2012	Increasing concentrations of the synthetic polyamine analog paraquat induced a greater cytotoxic effect over CHO cells expressing ATP13A2.	Paraquat	60-68	polyamine-transporting ATPase 13A2	Cricetulus griseus	130-137
21429624-5	2012	Moreover, the elevated mitochondrial damage was directly correlated with impaired associative learning and memory and increased Abeta levels in APP transgenic mice exposed to paraquat.	Paraquat	175-183	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	128-133
21429624-6	2012	Furthermore, overexpression of peroxiredoxin 3, a mitochondrial antioxidant defense enzyme important for H(2)O(2) removal, protected against paraquat-induced mitochondrial damage and concomitantly improved cognition and decreased Abeta levels in APP transgenic mice.	Paraquat	141-149	peroxiredoxin 3	Mus musculus	31-46
21429624-6	2012	Furthermore, overexpression of peroxiredoxin 3, a mitochondrial antioxidant defense enzyme important for H(2)O(2) removal, protected against paraquat-induced mitochondrial damage and concomitantly improved cognition and decreased Abeta levels in APP transgenic mice.	Paraquat	141-149	amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein	Mus musculus	230-235
22754341-2	2012	Fifty-three leaf-expressed AP2/ERFs were screened for their transcriptional response to abscisic acid (ABA), 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU), methylviologen (MV), sucrose and high or low light, respectively, and revealed high reactivity to these effectors.	Paraquat	157-171	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	27-30
22079615-0	2012	Protective effect of methylprednisolone on paraquat-induced A549 cell cytotoxicity via induction of efflux transporter, P-glycoprotein expression.	Paraquat	43-51	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	120-134
22079615-4	2012	The aim of this study was to determine if MP can ameliorate PQ-induced toxicity in an alveolar A549 cell line by inducing ATP-dependent transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression.	Paraquat	60-62	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	148-162
22079615-4	2012	The aim of this study was to determine if MP can ameliorate PQ-induced toxicity in an alveolar A549 cell line by inducing ATP-dependent transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression.	Paraquat	60-62	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	164-168
22079615-5	2012	P-gp expression and activity in the PQ-treated A549 cell line were enhanced by MP treatment and cytotoxicity by PQ was dramatically decreased.	Paraquat	36-38	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
22079615-5	2012	P-gp expression and activity in the PQ-treated A549 cell line were enhanced by MP treatment and cytotoxicity by PQ was dramatically decreased.	Paraquat	112-114	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	0-4
22079615-6	2012	We also found that MP per se or together with PQ induced P-gp expression by both Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses.	Paraquat	46-48	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	57-61
22079615-7	2012	In addition, induced P-gp transporter was shown to improve the efflux effect on PQ-treated A549 cell lines as was demonstrated using the Calcein-AM fluorescence accumulation assay.	Paraquat	80-82	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	21-25
22079615-8	2012	In summary, MP induces the transmembrane ATP-dependent transporter P-gp expression, which greatly improves PQ-treated A549 cell viability, reduces accumulation of intracellular PQ and prevents PQ induced cytotoxicity but it should be further evaluated in in vivo studies.	Paraquat	107-109	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
22079615-8	2012	In summary, MP induces the transmembrane ATP-dependent transporter P-gp expression, which greatly improves PQ-treated A549 cell viability, reduces accumulation of intracellular PQ and prevents PQ induced cytotoxicity but it should be further evaluated in in vivo studies.	Paraquat	177-179	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
22079615-8	2012	In summary, MP induces the transmembrane ATP-dependent transporter P-gp expression, which greatly improves PQ-treated A549 cell viability, reduces accumulation of intracellular PQ and prevents PQ induced cytotoxicity but it should be further evaluated in in vivo studies.	Paraquat	177-179	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	67-71
22754341-2	2012	Fifty-three leaf-expressed AP2/ERFs were screened for their transcriptional response to abscisic acid (ABA), 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU), methylviologen (MV), sucrose and high or low light, respectively, and revealed high reactivity to these effectors.	Paraquat	173-175	transcription factor AP-2 alpha	Homo sapiens	27-30
22879928-12	2012	Cu(II)(atsm) treatment or ERK inhibition also prevented abnormal ubiquitin accumulation in paraquat-treated cells suggesting a link between prolonged ERK activation and abnormal ubiquitin metabolism in paraquat stress and inhibition by Cu.	Paraquat	91-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
22043816-0	2012	Prevention of paraquat-induced apoptosis in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells by lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase.	Paraquat	14-22	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	76-115
22043816-2	2012	In this study, we investigated the protective roles of lipocalin-type prostaglandin (PG) D synthase (L-PGDS) against paraquat-mediated apoptosis of human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	117-125	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	101-107
22043816-4	2012	L-PGDS was expressed in SH-SY5Y cells, and its expression was enhanced with the peak at 2 h after the initiation of the treatment with paraquat.	Paraquat	135-143	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	0-6
22043816-6	2012	SiRNA-mediated suppression of L-PGDS expression in the paraquat-treated cells increased the cell death and caspase activities.	Paraquat	55-63	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	30-36
22043816-7	2012	Moreover, over-expression of L-PGDS suppressed the cell death and caspase activities in the paraquat-treated cells.	Paraquat	92-100	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	29-35
22043816-8	2012	The results of a promoter-luciferase assay demonstrated that paraquat-mediated elevation of L-PGDS gene expression occurred through the NF-kappaB element in the proximal promoter region of the L-PGDS gene in SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	61-69	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	92-98
22043816-8	2012	The results of a promoter-luciferase assay demonstrated that paraquat-mediated elevation of L-PGDS gene expression occurred through the NF-kappaB element in the proximal promoter region of the L-PGDS gene in SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	61-69	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	193-199
22043816-9	2012	These results indicate that L-PGDS protected against the apoptosis in the paraquat-treated SH-SY5Y cells through the up-regulation of L-PGDS expression via the NF-kappaB element.	Paraquat	74-82	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	28-34
22043816-9	2012	These results indicate that L-PGDS protected against the apoptosis in the paraquat-treated SH-SY5Y cells through the up-regulation of L-PGDS expression via the NF-kappaB element.	Paraquat	74-82	prostaglandin D2 synthase	Homo sapiens	134-140
22879928-12	2012	Cu(II)(atsm) treatment or ERK inhibition also prevented abnormal ubiquitin accumulation in paraquat-treated cells suggesting a link between prolonged ERK activation and abnormal ubiquitin metabolism in paraquat stress and inhibition by Cu.	Paraquat	91-99	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	150-153
22879928-12	2012	Cu(II)(atsm) treatment or ERK inhibition also prevented abnormal ubiquitin accumulation in paraquat-treated cells suggesting a link between prolonged ERK activation and abnormal ubiquitin metabolism in paraquat stress and inhibition by Cu.	Paraquat	202-210	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	26-29
22879928-12	2012	Cu(II)(atsm) treatment or ERK inhibition also prevented abnormal ubiquitin accumulation in paraquat-treated cells suggesting a link between prolonged ERK activation and abnormal ubiquitin metabolism in paraquat stress and inhibition by Cu.	Paraquat	202-210	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	150-153
22143804-0	2011	Paraquat neurotoxicity is mediated by the dopamine transporter and organic cation transporter-3.	Paraquat	0-8	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	42-62
22558179-10	2012	SVCT2-Tg mice showed a clear attenuation of Paraquat-induced oxidative stress in lung, as measured by F(2)-isoprostanes.	Paraquat	44-52	solute carrier family 23 (nucleobase transporters), member 2	Mus musculus	0-5
22292029-5	2012	By contrast, paraquat treatment of mice resulted in robust accumulation of alpha-Syn and hyperphosphorylation of Tau in striata, through activation of p-GSK-3beta, a major Tau kinase.	Paraquat	13-21	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	75-84
22292029-5	2012	By contrast, paraquat treatment of mice resulted in robust accumulation of alpha-Syn and hyperphosphorylation of Tau in striata, through activation of p-GSK-3beta, a major Tau kinase.	Paraquat	13-21	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	113-116
22292029-5	2012	By contrast, paraquat treatment of mice resulted in robust accumulation of alpha-Syn and hyperphosphorylation of Tau in striata, through activation of p-GSK-3beta, a major Tau kinase.	Paraquat	13-21	microtubule associated protein tau	Homo sapiens	172-175
22292029-9	2012	Both paraquat and maneb treatments increased levels of the autophagy inhibitor, mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, suggesting impaired axonal autophagy, despite increases in certain autophagic proteins, such as beclin 1 and Agt12.	Paraquat	5-13	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	80-109
22292029-9	2012	Both paraquat and maneb treatments increased levels of the autophagy inhibitor, mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, suggesting impaired axonal autophagy, despite increases in certain autophagic proteins, such as beclin 1 and Agt12.	Paraquat	5-13	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	111-115
25215081-4	2012	In this study, we observed the expression of caspase-3 and livin protein in rat renal tissue after PQ poisoning as well as the therapeutic effects of ulinastatin.	Paraquat	99-101	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	45-54
25296667-0	2012	The relationship between platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and paraquat-induced lung injury in rabbits.	Paraquat	75-83	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	25-70
25296667-3	2012	The present study aimed to explore the relationship between the expression of PECAM-1 and the degree of acute lung injury (ALI) and fibrosis in paraquat (PQ) induced lung injury in rabbits.	Paraquat	144-152	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	78-85
25296667-3	2012	The present study aimed to explore the relationship between the expression of PECAM-1 and the degree of acute lung injury (ALI) and fibrosis in paraquat (PQ) induced lung injury in rabbits.	Paraquat	154-156	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	78-85
25296667-15	2012	CONCLUSIONS: The PECAM-1 expression significantly decreases in New Zealand rabbits after PQ poisoning, and the decrease is dose-dependent.	Paraquat	89-91	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	17-24
23056314-10	2012	More VASH1 (+/-) mice died due to acute lung injury caused by paraquat.	Paraquat	62-70	vasohibin 1	Mus musculus	5-10
22911865-8	2012	Paraquat, a reactive oxygen species generator, enhanced MR transcriptional activity in cultured rat mesangial cells and mouse podocytes.	Paraquat	0-8	nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2	Rattus norvegicus	56-58
22558179-0	2012	Increased expression of SVCT2 in a new mouse model raises ascorbic acid in tissues and protects against paraquat-induced oxidative damage in lung.	Paraquat	104-112	solute carrier family 23 (nucleobase transporters), member 2	Mus musculus	24-29
22143804-2	2011	Furthermore, case-control studies report that individuals with genetic variants in the dopamine transporter (DAT, SLC6A) have a higher PD risk when exposed to PQ.	Paraquat	159-161	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	87-107
22143804-2	2011	Furthermore, case-control studies report that individuals with genetic variants in the dopamine transporter (DAT, SLC6A) have a higher PD risk when exposed to PQ.	Paraquat	159-161	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	109-112
22143804-3	2011	However, it remains a topic of debate whether PQ can enter dopamine (DA) neurons through DAT.	Paraquat	46-48	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	89-92
22143804-4	2011	We report here a mechanism by which PQ is transported by DAT: In its native divalent cation state, PQ(2+) is not a substrate for DAT; however, when converted to the monovalent cation PQ(+) by either a reducing agent or NADPH oxidase on microglia, it becomes a substrate for DAT and is accumulated in DA neurons, where it induces oxidative stress and cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	36-38	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	57-60
22143804-4	2011	We report here a mechanism by which PQ is transported by DAT: In its native divalent cation state, PQ(2+) is not a substrate for DAT; however, when converted to the monovalent cation PQ(+) by either a reducing agent or NADPH oxidase on microglia, it becomes a substrate for DAT and is accumulated in DA neurons, where it induces oxidative stress and cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	36-38	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	129-132
22143804-4	2011	We report here a mechanism by which PQ is transported by DAT: In its native divalent cation state, PQ(2+) is not a substrate for DAT; however, when converted to the monovalent cation PQ(+) by either a reducing agent or NADPH oxidase on microglia, it becomes a substrate for DAT and is accumulated in DA neurons, where it induces oxidative stress and cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	36-38	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	129-132
22143804-4	2011	We report here a mechanism by which PQ is transported by DAT: In its native divalent cation state, PQ(2+) is not a substrate for DAT; however, when converted to the monovalent cation PQ(+) by either a reducing agent or NADPH oxidase on microglia, it becomes a substrate for DAT and is accumulated in DA neurons, where it induces oxidative stress and cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	183-188	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	57-60
22143804-5	2011	Impaired DAT function in cultured cells and mutant mice significantly attenuated neurotoxicity induced by PQ(+).	Paraquat	106-111	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	9-12
22143804-6	2011	In addition to DAT, PQ(+) is also a substrate for the organic cation transporter 3 (Oct3, Slc22a3), which is abundantly expressed in non-DA cells in the nigrostriatal regions.	Paraquat	20-25	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	15-18
22143804-6	2011	In addition to DAT, PQ(+) is also a substrate for the organic cation transporter 3 (Oct3, Slc22a3), which is abundantly expressed in non-DA cells in the nigrostriatal regions.	Paraquat	20-25	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	54-82
22143804-6	2011	In addition to DAT, PQ(+) is also a substrate for the organic cation transporter 3 (Oct3, Slc22a3), which is abundantly expressed in non-DA cells in the nigrostriatal regions.	Paraquat	20-25	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	84-88
22143804-6	2011	In addition to DAT, PQ(+) is also a substrate for the organic cation transporter 3 (Oct3, Slc22a3), which is abundantly expressed in non-DA cells in the nigrostriatal regions.	Paraquat	20-25	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	90-97
22143804-9	2011	This study provides a mechanism by which DAT and Oct3 modulate nigrostriatal damage induced by PQ(2+)/PQ(+) redox cycling.	Paraquat	95-97	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	41-44
22143804-9	2011	This study provides a mechanism by which DAT and Oct3 modulate nigrostriatal damage induced by PQ(2+)/PQ(+) redox cycling.	Paraquat	95-97	solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 3	Mus musculus	49-53
21991918-6	2011	The renal PQ concentration was markedly increased in Mate1-/- mice compared with Mate1+/+ mice.	Paraquat	10-12	solute carrier family 47, member 1	Mus musculus	53-58
21991918-2	2011	Paraquat (PQ), which has been characterized in vitro as a MATE1 substrate, is a widely used herbicide and can cause severe toxicity to humans after exposure.	Paraquat	0-8	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
21991918-10	2011	In conclusion, we demonstrated that Mate1 is responsible for renal elimination of PQ in vivo and the deficiency of Mate1 function confers deteriorated kidney injury caused by PQ in mice.	Paraquat	82-84	solute carrier family 47, member 1	Mus musculus	36-41
21991918-2	2011	Paraquat (PQ), which has been characterized in vitro as a MATE1 substrate, is a widely used herbicide and can cause severe toxicity to humans after exposure.	Paraquat	10-12	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Homo sapiens	58-63
21890492-4	2011	Alternatively, suppression of complex I activity by a specific inhibitor, rotenone or induction of oxidative stress by paraquat led to an increase in the phosphorylation of v-AKT murine thymoma viral oncogene (AKT) and enhanced the tumorigenesis.	Paraquat	119-127	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	175-178
21991918-5	2011	After a single intravenous administration of PQ (50 mg/kg), Mate1-/- mice exhibited significantly higher plasma PQ concentrations than Mate1+/+ mice.	Paraquat	45-47	solute carrier family 47, member 1	Mus musculus	60-65
21991918-5	2011	After a single intravenous administration of PQ (50 mg/kg), Mate1-/- mice exhibited significantly higher plasma PQ concentrations than Mate1+/+ mice.	Paraquat	45-47	solute carrier family 47, member 1	Mus musculus	135-140
21991918-5	2011	After a single intravenous administration of PQ (50 mg/kg), Mate1-/- mice exhibited significantly higher plasma PQ concentrations than Mate1+/+ mice.	Paraquat	112-114	solute carrier family 47, member 1	Mus musculus	60-65
21890492-4	2011	Alternatively, suppression of complex I activity by a specific inhibitor, rotenone or induction of oxidative stress by paraquat led to an increase in the phosphorylation of v-AKT murine thymoma viral oncogene (AKT) and enhanced the tumorigenesis.	Paraquat	119-127	thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1	Mus musculus	210-213
21985068-2	2011	We recently demonstrated that loss-of-function mutations in the Drosophila gene Catecholamines up (Catsup) elevate dopamine pools but, paradoxically, also confer resistance to paraquat, an herbicide that induces oxidative stress-mediated toxicity in dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	176-184	Catecholamines up	Drosophila melanogaster	99-105
21873335-9	2011	Expression of NDX-1 significantly reduced spontaneous A:T to C:G transversions and mitigated the sensitivity to a superoxide-generating agent, methyl viologen, in an E. coli mutT mutant.	Paraquat	143-158	Putative nudix hydrolase 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	14-19
21873335-11	2011	However, the sensitivity to methyl viologen and menadione bisulfite of the ndx-1-RNAi worms was enhanced compared with that of the control worms.	Paraquat	28-43	Putative nudix hydrolase 1	Caenorhabditis elegans	75-80
21982765-6	2011	RESULTS: PQ treatment markedly impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine in PARP-1(-/-), but not PARP-1(+/+) mice (p&lt;0.0001).	Paraquat	9-11	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	94-100
21899432-5	2011	A six- to eightfold increase in SOD activity was observed after transduction, rendering MnSOD-overexpressing TK6 cells significantly more resistant to paraquat-induced superoxide radical production than controls.	Paraquat	151-159	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	32-35
21899432-5	2011	A six- to eightfold increase in SOD activity was observed after transduction, rendering MnSOD-overexpressing TK6 cells significantly more resistant to paraquat-induced superoxide radical production than controls.	Paraquat	151-159	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	88-93
21982765-10	2011	PEG-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and PEG-catalase prevented the effect of PQ on endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine in PARP-1(-/-) mice (p&lt;0.001 vs. PQ treated PARP-1(+/+) mice.	Paraquat	72-74	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	132-138
21982765-11	2011	Indomethacin restored endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine in PQ treated PARP-1(-/-) mice (p&lt;0.05 vs. PQ treated PARP-1(+/+).	Paraquat	76-78	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	87-93
21982765-11	2011	Indomethacin restored endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine in PQ treated PARP-1(-/-) mice (p&lt;0.05 vs. PQ treated PARP-1(+/+).	Paraquat	119-121	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	130-136
21982765-7	2011	Maximal relaxation was 45% in PQ treated PARP-1(-/-) mice compared to 79% in PARP-1(+/+) mice.	Paraquat	30-32	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	41-47
21735318-0	2011	Dopamine and paraquat enhance alpha-synuclein-induced alterations in membrane conductance.	Paraquat	13-21	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	30-45
21615775-5	2011	Paraquat generates reactive oxygen species which cause cellular damage via lipid peroxidation, activation of NF-kappaB, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in many organs.	Paraquat	0-8	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	109-118
21735318-5	2011	We demonstrate an enhancement of alpha-synuclein-induced toxicity in the presence of combined treatment with dopamine and paraquat, two molecules known to incite oxidative stress.	Paraquat	122-130	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	33-48
21735318-6	2011	In addition, we show that combined dopamine and paraquat treatment increases the expression of heme oxygenase-1, an antioxidant response protein.	Paraquat	48-56	heme oxygenase 1	Homo sapiens	95-111
21735318-7	2011	Finally, we demonstrate for the first time that combined treatment of dopaminergic cells with paraquat and dopamine enhances alpha-synuclein-induced leak channel properties resulting in increased membrane conductance.	Paraquat	94-102	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	125-140
21735318-8	2011	Importantly, these increases are most robust when both paraquat and dopamine are present suggesting the need for multiple oxidative insults to augment alpha-synuclein-induced disruption of membrane integrity.	Paraquat	55-63	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	151-166
21962056-0	2011	Formation of 1:2 host-guest complexes based on triptycene-derived macrotricycle and paraquat derivatives: anion-pi interactions between PF6(-) and bipyridinium rings in the solid state.	Paraquat	84-92	sperm associated antigen 17	Homo sapiens	136-139
21835224-6	2011	Similarly, in contrast to the reductions of hippocamapal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) previously reported in paraquat treated male mice, the herbicide actually increased levels of the trophic factor in females.	Paraquat	121-129	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	57-90
22230393-5	2011	Another specific site of action of paraquat was represented by an activation of the gene involved in SOD-1 transcription.	Paraquat	35-43	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	101-106
22230393-7	2011	Finally, in comparison to previous experiments carried out with TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, we have shown that paraquat produced a similar pattern of activation of set of genes involved both in inflammation and apoptosis.	Paraquat	107-115	tumor necrosis factor	Homo sapiens	64-73
22230393-7	2011	Finally, in comparison to previous experiments carried out with TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, we have shown that paraquat produced a similar pattern of activation of set of genes involved both in inflammation and apoptosis.	Paraquat	107-115	interleukin 1 beta	Homo sapiens	78-86
21421909-5	2011	Within 24 hours of PQ-induced ALI, there was significantly increased expression of the complement proteins, C1q and C3, in the lung.	Paraquat	19-21	complement component 1, q subcomponent, alpha polypeptide	Mus musculus	108-118
21421909-10	2011	Together, these studies indicate that PQ-induced ALI is mediated through receptor signaling by the C3a and C5a complement activation products that are generated via the alternative complement pathway, and that complement inhibition may be an effective clinical intervention for postexposure treatment of PQ-induced ALI.	Paraquat	38-40	hemolytic complement	Mus musculus	107-110
21421909-10	2011	Together, these studies indicate that PQ-induced ALI is mediated through receptor signaling by the C3a and C5a complement activation products that are generated via the alternative complement pathway, and that complement inhibition may be an effective clinical intervention for postexposure treatment of PQ-induced ALI.	Paraquat	304-306	hemolytic complement	Mus musculus	107-110
21688324-0	2011	Apolipoprotein D mediates autocrine protection of astrocytes and controls their reactivity level, contributing to the functional maintenance of paraquat-challenged dopaminergic systems.	Paraquat	144-152	apolipoprotein D	Homo sapiens	0-16
21777615-6	2011	Paraquat-induced histone acetylation was associated with decreased total histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and HDAC4 and 7 protein expression levels.	Paraquat	0-8	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	73-92
21777615-6	2011	Paraquat-induced histone acetylation was associated with decreased total histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and HDAC4 and 7 protein expression levels.	Paraquat	0-8	histone deacetylase 9	Homo sapiens	94-98
21777615-6	2011	Paraquat-induced histone acetylation was associated with decreased total histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and HDAC4 and 7 protein expression levels.	Paraquat	0-8	histone deacetylase 4	Homo sapiens	113-118
21777615-8	2011	Anacardic acid treatment significantly attenuated paraquat-induced caspase-3 enzyme activity, suppressed proteolytic activation and kinase activity of protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta) and also blocked paraquat-induced cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	50-58	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	67-76
22005556-0	2011	[Pulmonary platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in rabbits after acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning].	Paraquat	90-98	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	11-56
22005556-0	2011	[Pulmonary platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in rabbits after acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning].	Paraquat	90-98	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	58-65
22005556-0	2011	[Pulmonary platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in rabbits after acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning].	Paraquat	100-102	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	11-56
22005556-0	2011	[Pulmonary platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) in rabbits after acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning].	Paraquat	100-102	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	58-65
22005556-1	2011	OBJECTIVE: To examine the changes in PECAM-1 expression and its correlation to the level of pulmonary tissue injury in the lungs from rabbits exposed to acute PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	159-161	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	37-44
22005556-9	2011	CONCLUSION: (1) The expressions of PECAM-1 in the lungs of PQ treated animals decrease to increased dose of PQ poisoning, (2) such decrease is correlated to the degree of pulmonary tissue injury and fibrosis of lung.	Paraquat	59-61	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	35-42
22005556-9	2011	CONCLUSION: (1) The expressions of PECAM-1 in the lungs of PQ treated animals decrease to increased dose of PQ poisoning, (2) such decrease is correlated to the degree of pulmonary tissue injury and fibrosis of lung.	Paraquat	108-110	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	35-42
22005556-10	2011	It is possible that PECAM-1 expression inhibition be an important factor in the development of lung injury after acute PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	119-121	platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule	Oryctolagus cuniculus	20-27
21835224-6	2011	Similarly, in contrast to the reductions of hippocamapal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) previously reported in paraquat treated male mice, the herbicide actually increased levels of the trophic factor in females.	Paraquat	121-129	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	92-96
21377529-3	2011	To this end, we assessed whether the hematopoietic trophic cytokine, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), would inhibit the neurodegenerative effects of the pesticide, paraquat, administered either alone or following priming with the bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Paraquat	190-198	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	69-117
21644813-6	2011	Paraquat increased the TBI effect, causing a 30% bilateral loss of dopaminergic neurons, reduced striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity more than TBI alone, and induced alpha-synuclein accumulation in the substantia nigra pars compacta.	Paraquat	0-8	synuclein alpha	Rattus norvegicus	182-197
21819629-6	2011	RESULTS: We found that mild stress induced by paraquat led to formation of TDP-43 and HuR-positive SGs, a proportion of which were ubiquitinated.	Paraquat	46-54	TAR DNA binding protein	Homo sapiens	75-81
21819629-6	2011	RESULTS: We found that mild stress induced by paraquat led to formation of TDP-43 and HuR-positive SGs, a proportion of which were ubiquitinated.	Paraquat	46-54	ELAV like RNA binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	86-89
22117401-5	2011	Yeast cells transformed with recombinant plasmid carrying SOD1 gene as a reporter responded exquisitely to oxidative stress induced by elevated concentrations of paraquat.	Paraquat	162-170	superoxide dismutase SOD1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	58-62
21377529-3	2011	To this end, we assessed whether the hematopoietic trophic cytokine, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), would inhibit the neurodegenerative effects of the pesticide, paraquat, administered either alone or following priming with the bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS).	Paraquat	190-198	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	119-125
21377529-7	2011	Indeed, GM-CSF acted to inhibit the LPS and paraquat induced microglial response, while augmenting astrocyte immunoreactivity within the SNc.	Paraquat	44-52	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	8-14
21377529-8	2011	Moreover, GM-CSF blunted the paraquat induced reduction of brain derived neurotrophic factor within the hippocampus, as well as in cultured mesencephalic neurons.	Paraquat	29-37	colony stimulating factor 2	Homo sapiens	10-16
21377529-8	2011	Moreover, GM-CSF blunted the paraquat induced reduction of brain derived neurotrophic factor within the hippocampus, as well as in cultured mesencephalic neurons.	Paraquat	29-37	brain derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	59-92
21442225-5	2011	This investigation is the first to report that Ddc-GAL4 transgenic flies chronically fed with polyphenols increase life span (P < 0.05 by log-rang test) and enhance movement abilities (P < 0.05 by chi(2) test) compared to untreated Ddc-GAL4 or treated with paraquat in 1% glucose.	Paraquat	257-265	Dopa decarboxylase	Drosophila melanogaster	47-50
21463325-6	2011	When challenged with paraquat, the absence of ApoD modifies the response of genes mainly related to OS management and myelination.	Paraquat	21-29	apolipoprotein D	Mus musculus	46-50
20498031-7	2011	Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that the gene expression levels of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 were significantly increased at 21 days after PQ challenge compared with the controls.	Paraquat	215-217	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	132-150
20498031-7	2011	Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that the gene expression levels of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 were significantly increased at 21 days after PQ challenge compared with the controls.	Paraquat	215-217	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	155-168
20498031-8	2011	The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha was also significantly increased except on days 14 and 21 after PQ treatment.	Paraquat	115-117	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	23-50
20498031-9	2011	Moreover, PQ-treated rats showed enhanced gene expression of growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor-A and insulin-like growth factor-1 at 21 days and transforming growth factor-beta 1 at 14 days.	Paraquat	10-12	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	101-198
21291964-0	2011	Changes in the concentrations of creatinine, cystatin C and NGAL in patients with acute paraquat self-poisoning.	Paraquat	88-96	cystatin C	Homo sapiens	45-55
21360751-0	2011	Low ergosterol content in yeast adh1 mutant enhances chitin maldistribution and sensitivity to paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	95-103	alcohol dehydrogenase ADH1	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	32-36
21402726-0	2011	Maneb and paraquat-mediated neurotoxicity: involvement of peroxiredoxin/thioredoxin system.	Paraquat	10-18	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	72-83
21402726-3	2011	The results show that PQ alone at a moderately toxic dose (20-30% cell death in 24 h) caused increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, oxidation of mitochondrial thioredoxin-2 and peroxiredoxin-3, lesser oxidation of cytoplasmic thioredoxin-1 and peroxiredoxin-1, and no oxidation of cellular GSH/GSSG.	Paraquat	22-24	peroxiredoxin 3	Homo sapiens	190-205
21402726-3	2011	The results show that PQ alone at a moderately toxic dose (20-30% cell death in 24 h) caused increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, oxidation of mitochondrial thioredoxin-2 and peroxiredoxin-3, lesser oxidation of cytoplasmic thioredoxin-1 and peroxiredoxin-1, and no oxidation of cellular GSH/GSSG.	Paraquat	22-24	peroxiredoxin 1	Homo sapiens	257-272
21300143-0	2011	DJ-1 mediates paraquat-induced dopaminergic neuronal cell death.	Paraquat	14-22	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	0-4
21300143-5	2011	Using these null cells, we investigated the susceptibility to an environmental toxin, paraquat, which is known to inhibit mitochondrial complex I. Interestingly, we found that DJ-1 null cells showed a resistance to paraquat-induced apoptosis, including reduced poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and procaspase-3.	Paraquat	86-94	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	176-180
21300143-5	2011	Using these null cells, we investigated the susceptibility to an environmental toxin, paraquat, which is known to inhibit mitochondrial complex I. Interestingly, we found that DJ-1 null cells showed a resistance to paraquat-induced apoptosis, including reduced poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and procaspase-3.	Paraquat	86-94	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	261-289
21300143-5	2011	Using these null cells, we investigated the susceptibility to an environmental toxin, paraquat, which is known to inhibit mitochondrial complex I. Interestingly, we found that DJ-1 null cells showed a resistance to paraquat-induced apoptosis, including reduced poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and procaspase-3.	Paraquat	215-223	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	176-180
21300143-5	2011	Using these null cells, we investigated the susceptibility to an environmental toxin, paraquat, which is known to inhibit mitochondrial complex I. Interestingly, we found that DJ-1 null cells showed a resistance to paraquat-induced apoptosis, including reduced poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and procaspase-3.	Paraquat	215-223	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	261-289
21300143-6	2011	Also DJ-1 null cells generated less superoxide than SN4741 cells by paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	68-76	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	5-9
21300143-8	2011	In summary, our results suggest that DJ-1 is critical to maintain mitochondrial complex I and complex I could be a key target in interaction of paraquat toxicity and DJ-1 for giving rise to PD.	Paraquat	144-152	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	37-41
21291964-0	2011	Changes in the concentrations of creatinine, cystatin C and NGAL in patients with acute paraquat self-poisoning.	Paraquat	88-96	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	60-64
20857089-4	2011	Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin (0-100 muM) and paraquat (0-1,000 muM) was evaluated for a maximum period of 96 h. In doxorubicin-exposed cells, P-gp expression and transport activity were evaluated by flow cytometry, using a fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antibody and the P-gp fluorescent subtract rhodamine 123, respectively.	Paraquat	44-52	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1	Homo sapiens	141-145
20649941-4	2011	The level of AtNDPK2 expression and NDPK activity in SN plants following methyl viologen (MV) treatment was positively correlated with the plant"s tolerance to MV-mediated oxidative stress.	Paraquat	73-88	nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-20
21468253-3	2011	tPA and PAI-1 levels were higher in the PQ group than in the controls.	Paraquat	40-42	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	0-3
21468253-3	2011	tPA and PAI-1 levels were higher in the PQ group than in the controls.	Paraquat	40-42	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	8-13
21468253-4	2011	PQ levels were significantly correlated with ingested amount, timelag to hospital, tPA level, and hospitalization duration.	Paraquat	0-2	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	83-86
21468253-9	2011	In conclusion, tPA and PAI-1 levels were higher, while D-dimer levels were lower in the PQ group than in the controls, implying that ROS stimulate tPA and PAI-1, but PAI-1 activity overrides tPA activity in this setting.	Paraquat	88-90	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	147-150
21468253-9	2011	In conclusion, tPA and PAI-1 levels were higher, while D-dimer levels were lower in the PQ group than in the controls, implying that ROS stimulate tPA and PAI-1, but PAI-1 activity overrides tPA activity in this setting.	Paraquat	88-90	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	155-160
21468253-9	2011	In conclusion, tPA and PAI-1 levels were higher, while D-dimer levels were lower in the PQ group than in the controls, implying that ROS stimulate tPA and PAI-1, but PAI-1 activity overrides tPA activity in this setting.	Paraquat	88-90	serpin family E member 1	Homo sapiens	155-160
21468253-9	2011	In conclusion, tPA and PAI-1 levels were higher, while D-dimer levels were lower in the PQ group than in the controls, implying that ROS stimulate tPA and PAI-1, but PAI-1 activity overrides tPA activity in this setting.	Paraquat	88-90	plasminogen activator, tissue type	Homo sapiens	147-150
21178165-5	2011	Introduction of NADP(+)-reducing enzymes, such as wheat non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase or E. coli malic enzyme, led to NADPH accumulation, inhibition of the soxRS regulon and enhanced sensitivity to the superoxide propagator methyl viologen (MV).	Paraquat	255-270	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1, cytosolic	Triticum aestivum	76-116
20649941-4	2011	The level of AtNDPK2 expression and NDPK activity in SN plants following methyl viologen (MV) treatment was positively correlated with the plant"s tolerance to MV-mediated oxidative stress.	Paraquat	90-92	nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-20
20649941-4	2011	The level of AtNDPK2 expression and NDPK activity in SN plants following methyl viologen (MV) treatment was positively correlated with the plant"s tolerance to MV-mediated oxidative stress.	Paraquat	160-162	nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	13-20
20649941-5	2011	We also observed that antioxidant enzyme activities such as ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase were increased in MV-treated leaf discs of SN plants.	Paraquat	124-126	peroxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	70-80
20649941-5	2011	We also observed that antioxidant enzyme activities such as ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase were increased in MV-treated leaf discs of SN plants.	Paraquat	124-126	catalase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	82-90
20649941-5	2011	We also observed that antioxidant enzyme activities such as ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase were increased in MV-treated leaf discs of SN plants.	Paraquat	124-126	peroxidase	Arabidopsis thaliana	95-105
21941782-1	2011	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression levels of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and NF-kappaB p65 mRNA in lung tissue of acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats, and intervention effects of ulinastatin (UTI).	Paraquat	124-132	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	47-68
21941782-1	2011	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression levels of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and NF-kappaB p65 mRNA in lung tissue of acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats, and intervention effects of ulinastatin (UTI).	Paraquat	124-132	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	182-193
21941782-1	2011	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression levels of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and NF-kappaB p65 mRNA in lung tissue of acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats, and intervention effects of ulinastatin (UTI).	Paraquat	134-136	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	47-68
21941782-1	2011	OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression levels of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and NF-kappaB p65 mRNA in lung tissue of acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats, and intervention effects of ulinastatin (UTI).	Paraquat	134-136	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	70-75
21941782-10	2011	MPO activity in the lung tissues in PQ group was (31.72 +/- 6.42), (56.23 +/- 8.63), (87.21 +/- 10.02) and (107.21 +/- 13.52) micro/g in 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively which was significantly higher than that [(11.38 +/- 1.25) micro/g] in control group (P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	36-38	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
21941782-11	2011	MPO activity in the lung tissues in UTI group was (15.65 +/- 3.21), (35.98 +/- 5.74), (59.33 +/- 9.65) and (71.25 +/- 10.58) micro/g in 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively which was significantly lower than those in PQ group (P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	214-216	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	0-3
21941782-12	2011	The expression levels of NF-kappaB p65 mRNA of lung tissues in UTI group in 12, 24, 48 and 72 h were 0.3288 +/- 0.0147, 0.5337 +/- 0.0328, 0.7357 +/- 0.0424 and 0.7547 +/- 0.0905, respectively, which were significantly lower that those (0.4185 +/- 0.0294, 0.8532 +/- 0.0841, 0.9554 +/- 0.0975 and 1.0094 +/- 0.0703) in PQ group (P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	319-321	synaptotagmin 1	Rattus norvegicus	35-38
21941782-13	2011	hsp70 mRNA expression levels in 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of the UTI group were 0.5193 +/- 0.0254, 0.8289 +/- 0.0606, 0.7566 +/- 0.0277 and 0.4873 +/- 0.0105, respectively, which were significantly higher than those (0.3897 +/- 0.0125, 0.5904 +/- 0.0186, 0.4007 +/- 0.0237 and 0.2293 +/- 0.0137) in PQ group (P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	293-295	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
21421372-4	2011	Osmotic (mannitol treatment) or oxidative [methyl viologen (MV) treatment] stress reduced germination rates of the parg1-3 seeds compared with wild type seeds.	Paraquat	43-58	Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG)	Arabidopsis thaliana	115-120
21464517-0	2011	Lifespan extension and paraquat resistance in a ubiquinone-deficient Escherichia coli mutant depend on transcription factors ArcA and TdcA.	Paraquat	23-31	arginine deiminase	Escherichia coli	125-129
21468558-3	2011	In this study, we examined the sequential expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	128-130	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	56-61
21468558-3	2011	In this study, we examined the sequential expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ.	Paraquat	128-130	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-79
21468558-7	2011	Lung MMP-2 and -9 mRNA expression progressively increased and reached a peak on day 7 after PQ treatment, while TIMP-1 mRNA levels in the PQ-treated lungs reached a peak on day 21 after modeling.	Paraquat	138-140	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	112-118
21468558-9	2011	In conclusion, unbalanced MMP/TIMP-1 expression and excessive gelatinolytic activity contribute to PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	99-101	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	26-29
21468558-9	2011	In conclusion, unbalanced MMP/TIMP-1 expression and excessive gelatinolytic activity contribute to PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	99-101	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	30-36
21604555-11	2011	Compared to the wild type, the DMR20 mutant had no visible changes of resistance to paraquat, however, E. coli carrying the recombinant plasmid pET28b-orf20 received an elevated resistance to paraquat.	Paraquat	192-200	hypothetical protein	Escherichia coli	151-156
21128598-10	2011	The hMATE1-mediated transport of agmatine was inhibited by polyamines, the prototypical substrates MPP+ and paraquat, as well as guanidine and arcaine, but not l-arginine.	Paraquat	108-116	solute carrier family 47 member 1	Homo sapiens	4-10
20868655-5	2011	XO activity and MDA level were significantly higher, and the GSH level and SOD activity were lower in the paraquat poisoning fatality group.	Paraquat	106-114	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	75-78
21619827-9	2011	Compared with the control group, PQ exposure of serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6, the level at each time point were elevated.	Paraquat	33-35	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	54-63
21619827-9	2011	Compared with the control group, PQ exposure of serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6, the level at each time point were elevated.	Paraquat	33-35	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	65-69
21619827-9	2011	Compared with the control group, PQ exposure of serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6, the level at each time point were elevated.	Paraquat	33-35	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	71-75
21619827-11	2011	CONCLUSION: acute PQ poisoning serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6 levels were significantly increased both early and late inflammatory factors involved in PQ poisoning the pathogenesis of renal injury.	Paraquat	18-20	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	37-46
21619827-11	2011	CONCLUSION: acute PQ poisoning serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6 levels were significantly increased both early and late inflammatory factors involved in PQ poisoning the pathogenesis of renal injury.	Paraquat	18-20	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
21619827-11	2011	CONCLUSION: acute PQ poisoning serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6 levels were significantly increased both early and late inflammatory factors involved in PQ poisoning the pathogenesis of renal injury.	Paraquat	18-20	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
21619827-11	2011	CONCLUSION: acute PQ poisoning serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6 levels were significantly increased both early and late inflammatory factors involved in PQ poisoning the pathogenesis of renal injury.	Paraquat	148-150	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	37-46
21619827-11	2011	CONCLUSION: acute PQ poisoning serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6 levels were significantly increased both early and late inflammatory factors involved in PQ poisoning the pathogenesis of renal injury.	Paraquat	148-150	interleukin 2	Rattus norvegicus	48-52
21619827-11	2011	CONCLUSION: acute PQ poisoning serum TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6 levels were significantly increased both early and late inflammatory factors involved in PQ poisoning the pathogenesis of renal injury.	Paraquat	148-150	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	54-58
21421372-7	2011	The expression level of oxidative stress-related genes AtAox1 and AtApx2 in the parg1-3 plants was reduced after MV treatment.	Paraquat	113-115	ascorbate peroxidase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	66-72
21421372-7	2011	The expression level of oxidative stress-related genes AtAox1 and AtApx2 in the parg1-3 plants was reduced after MV treatment.	Paraquat	113-115	Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG)	Arabidopsis thaliana	80-85
21328628-7	2011	Both GCL and GR inhibitors abrogated the cytoprotective effect of (-)Sch B in PQ-challenged cells.	Paraquat	78-80	glutathione-disulfide reductase	Rattus norvegicus	13-15
21146501-3	2011	Susceptibilities to H2O2, paraquat, and Dithiothreitol (DTT) were altered in Mo-PrP3(F)4 flies.	Paraquat	26-34	peroxiredoxin 2	Mus musculus	77-88
23934919-7	2011	Finally, siRNA knockdown of alpha-syn resulted in a partial rescue of mitochondrial impairment and reduction of paraquat-induced cell toxicity, suggesting that alpha-syn plays a causative role for mitochondrial dysfunction in these patient-derived peripheral skin fibroblasts.	Paraquat	112-120	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	28-37
21288148-7	2011	CONCLUSIONS: This study has confirmed a continued improvement in survival of patients following self-harm with paraquat in Sri Lanka in recent years; however, in contrast to previous investigations, a beneficial effect associated with the INTEON formulation could not be substantiated.	Paraquat	111-119	sorcin	Homo sapiens	123-126
21787677-0	2011	Protective effect of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on human mesencephalic neuron-derived cells against neurotoxicity induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	153-161	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	25-68
21787677-0	2011	Protective effect of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on human mesencephalic neuron-derived cells against neurotoxicity induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	153-161	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	70-74
21787677-8	2011	Supplementation of culture medium with dibutyryl cyclic AMP and GDNF significantly increased the resistance of the cultures to the paraquat-mediated cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	131-139	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	64-68
21787677-9	2011	These results confirm that GDNF confers protection against paraquat-mediated cytotoxicity and show that immortalized human mesencephalic neuron-derived cells are an adequate in vitro system for evaluating the cytoprotective effects of GDNF on oxidative injury caused by xenobiotics.	Paraquat	59-67	glial cell derived neurotrophic factor	Homo sapiens	27-31
22212922-0	2011	Alteration of GSK-3beta in the hippocampus and other brain structures after chronic paraquat administration in rats.	Paraquat	84-92	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	14-23
22212922-2	2011	Our recent data showed that long-term PQ administration influenced levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta) and its active form phosphorylated on tyrosine 216 in the nigrostriatal system, which may be related to its vulnerability to PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	38-40	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	77-107
22212922-2	2011	Our recent data showed that long-term PQ administration influenced levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta) and its active form phosphorylated on tyrosine 216 in the nigrostriatal system, which may be related to its vulnerability to PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	38-40	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	109-118
22212922-2	2011	Our recent data showed that long-term PQ administration influenced levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta) and its active form phosphorylated on tyrosine 216 in the nigrostriatal system, which may be related to its vulnerability to PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	245-247	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	77-107
22212922-2	2011	Our recent data showed that long-term PQ administration influenced levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta) and its active form phosphorylated on tyrosine 216 in the nigrostriatal system, which may be related to its vulnerability to PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	245-247	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	109-118
22043175-0	2011	Early exposure to paraquat sensitizes dopaminergic neurons to subsequent silencing of PINK1 gene expression in mice.	Paraquat	18-26	PTEN induced putative kinase 1	Mus musculus	86-91
22043175-7	2011	Moreover, early exposure to paraquat sensitized dopaminergic neurons to subsequent silencing of PINK1 gene expression, leading to a significant loss of dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	28-36	PTEN induced putative kinase 1	Mus musculus	96-101
22212922-5	2011	Our data indicated that the long-term administration of PQ significantly decreased the level of both GSK-3beta forms in nuclear and cytosolic fractions of hippocampus in rats.	Paraquat	56-58	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	101-110
22212922-7	2011	The results of the present study indicate that PQ influenced levels and activation of GSK-3beta in different brain structures, which may contribute to its toxicity, but on the other hand may suggest development of adaptive, protective mechanisms.	Paraquat	47-49	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	86-95
21299353-5	2011	The data also revealed that the high PQ dose induced a significant decrease (p&lt;0.05) in spleen cellularity and splenic CD49b cell levels, along with numerous histopathological changes in the spleen.	Paraquat	37-39	integrin alpha 2	Mus musculus	122-127
23934919-7	2011	Finally, siRNA knockdown of alpha-syn resulted in a partial rescue of mitochondrial impairment and reduction of paraquat-induced cell toxicity, suggesting that alpha-syn plays a causative role for mitochondrial dysfunction in these patient-derived peripheral skin fibroblasts.	Paraquat	112-120	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	160-169
21098676-5	2011	This fragment also confers an induction of BAP1 by cold and reactive oxygen species-generating paraquat.	Paraquat	95-103	BON association protein 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	43-47
20143200-0	2011	Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta and its phosphorylated form (Y216) in the paraquat-induced model of parkinsonism.	Paraquat	73-81	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	0-30
20143200-3	2011	However, till now nothing is known about the role of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) in the PQ toxicity.	Paraquat	103-105	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	85-94
20143200-4	2011	Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of 37-week administration of PQ in rats on the immunohistochemically measured levels of the total GSK-3beta and its active, tyrosine 216 (pY216)-phosphorylated form in subcellular fractions of the midbrain with pons, as well as of the striatum.	Paraquat	91-93	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	160-169
20143200-5	2011	The present results revealed that the long-term PQ administration increased the levels of total and active forms of GSK-3beta in the midbrain with pons, whereas decreased them in the striatum.	Paraquat	48-50	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	116-125
20143200-8	2011	Summarizing, the present data indicate that the long-term exposure of rats to PQ, a commonly used herbicide, diversely alters levels of GSK-3beta in different brain structures, which may be associated with their vulnerability to its toxicity.	Paraquat	78-80	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta	Rattus norvegicus	136-145
21619786-6	2011	The relative level of miR-133b expression of PC12 cells treated with 300 micromol/L paraquat was higher than that of the vehicle control group (P &lt; 0.05).	Paraquat	84-92	microRNA 133b	Rattus norvegicus	22-30
21750730-0	2011	Wld(S) reduces paraquat-induced cytotoxicity via SIRT1 in non-neuronal cells by attenuating the depletion of NAD.	Paraquat	15-23	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	49-54
21750730-9	2011	In addition, we showed that SIRT1 was required for both exogenous NAD and Wld(S)-mediated cellular protection against paraquat.	Paraquat	118-126	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	28-33
21750730-10	2011	These findings suggest that NAD and SIRT1 mediate the protective function of Wld(S) against the cytotoxicity induced by paraquat, which provides new clues for the mechanisms underlying the protective function of Wld(S) in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, and implies that attenuation of NAD depletion may be effective to alleviate paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	120-128	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	36-41
20929985-0	2011	ASK1 overexpression accelerates paraquat-induced autophagy via endoplasmic reticulum stress.	Paraquat	32-40	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	0-4
20929985-5	2011	We show an important autophagic response and an acceleration of the paraquat (PQ)-induced autophagy with hallmarks as accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, activation of beclin-1, accumulation of LC3 II, p62 degradation, and mammalian target of rapamycin dephosphorylation.	Paraquat	68-76	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	169-177
20929985-5	2011	We show an important autophagic response and an acceleration of the paraquat (PQ)-induced autophagy with hallmarks as accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, activation of beclin-1, accumulation of LC3 II, p62 degradation, and mammalian target of rapamycin dephosphorylation.	Paraquat	68-76	nucleoporin 62	Homo sapiens	203-206
20929985-5	2011	We show an important autophagic response and an acceleration of the paraquat (PQ)-induced autophagy with hallmarks as accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, activation of beclin-1, accumulation of LC3 II, p62 degradation, and mammalian target of rapamycin dephosphorylation.	Paraquat	78-80	beclin 1	Homo sapiens	169-177
20929985-5	2011	We show an important autophagic response and an acceleration of the paraquat (PQ)-induced autophagy with hallmarks as accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, activation of beclin-1, accumulation of LC3 II, p62 degradation, and mammalian target of rapamycin dephosphorylation.	Paraquat	78-80	nucleoporin 62	Homo sapiens	203-206
20929985-11	2011	In conclusion, we report that PQ induces an early ER stress response that is correlated with the activation of autophagy as a protective response, which is accelerated in cells that overexpress WT ASK1.	Paraquat	30-32	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	197-201
21619797-8	2011	CONCLUSION: Acute paraquat poisoning can induce increased expression of both NF-kappaB p65 and TNF-alpha in lung tissue; the enhanced activity of NF-kappaB may take part in the process of pulmonary injury in PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	18-26	synaptotagmin 1	Rattus norvegicus	87-90
21619786-7	2011	CONCLUSIONS: Paraquat may cause cell damage and induce apoptosis in PC12 cells, and induce miR-133b expression.	Paraquat	13-21	microRNA 133b	Rattus norvegicus	91-99
21619797-8	2011	CONCLUSION: Acute paraquat poisoning can induce increased expression of both NF-kappaB p65 and TNF-alpha in lung tissue; the enhanced activity of NF-kappaB may take part in the process of pulmonary injury in PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	18-26	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	95-104
20937379-0	2010	Cardiac-specific overexpression of catalase attenuates paraquat-induced myocardial geometric and contractile alteration: role of ER stress.	Paraquat	55-63	catalase	Mus musculus	35-43
20937379-10	2010	Taken together, these data revealed that catalase may rescue paraquat-induced myocardial geometric and functional alteration possibly by alleviating JNK-mediated ER stress.	Paraquat	61-69	catalase	Mus musculus	41-49
20937379-10	2010	Taken together, these data revealed that catalase may rescue paraquat-induced myocardial geometric and functional alteration possibly by alleviating JNK-mediated ER stress.	Paraquat	61-69	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	149-152
20937379-2	2010	This study examined the influence of cardiac-specific overexpression of catalase, an antioxidant detoxifying H(2)O(2), on paraquat-induced myocardial geometric and functional alterations, with a focus on ER stress.	Paraquat	122-130	catalase	Mus musculus	72-80
20937379-6	2010	Whereas the catalase transgene itself did not alter myocardial geometry and function, it mitigated or significantly attenuated paraquat-elicited myocardial geometric and functional changes.	Paraquat	127-135	catalase	Mus musculus	12-20
20937379-7	2010	Paraquat promoted overt apoptosis and ER stress as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity, apoptosis, and ER stress markers including Bax, Bcl-2, GADD153, calregulin, and phosphorylated JNK, IRE1alpha, and eIF2alpha; all were ablated by the catalase transgene.	Paraquat	0-8	caspase 3	Mus musculus	74-83
20937379-7	2010	Paraquat promoted overt apoptosis and ER stress as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity, apoptosis, and ER stress markers including Bax, Bcl-2, GADD153, calregulin, and phosphorylated JNK, IRE1alpha, and eIF2alpha; all were ablated by the catalase transgene.	Paraquat	0-8	BCL2-associated X protein	Mus musculus	137-140
20937379-7	2010	Paraquat promoted overt apoptosis and ER stress as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity, apoptosis, and ER stress markers including Bax, Bcl-2, GADD153, calregulin, and phosphorylated JNK, IRE1alpha, and eIF2alpha; all were ablated by the catalase transgene.	Paraquat	0-8	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	142-147
20937379-7	2010	Paraquat promoted overt apoptosis and ER stress as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity, apoptosis, and ER stress markers including Bax, Bcl-2, GADD153, calregulin, and phosphorylated JNK, IRE1alpha, and eIF2alpha; all were ablated by the catalase transgene.	Paraquat	0-8	DNA-damage inducible transcript 3	Mus musculus	149-156
20937379-7	2010	Paraquat promoted overt apoptosis and ER stress as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity, apoptosis, and ER stress markers including Bax, Bcl-2, GADD153, calregulin, and phosphorylated JNK, IRE1alpha, and eIF2alpha; all were ablated by the catalase transgene.	Paraquat	0-8	calreticulin	Mus musculus	158-168
20937379-7	2010	Paraquat promoted overt apoptosis and ER stress as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity, apoptosis, and ER stress markers including Bax, Bcl-2, GADD153, calregulin, and phosphorylated JNK, IRE1alpha, and eIF2alpha; all were ablated by the catalase transgene.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	189-192
20937379-7	2010	Paraquat promoted overt apoptosis and ER stress as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity, apoptosis, and ER stress markers including Bax, Bcl-2, GADD153, calregulin, and phosphorylated JNK, IRE1alpha, and eIF2alpha; all were ablated by the catalase transgene.	Paraquat	0-8	endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to nucleus signalling 1	Mus musculus	194-203
20937379-7	2010	Paraquat promoted overt apoptosis and ER stress as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity, apoptosis, and ER stress markers including Bax, Bcl-2, GADD153, calregulin, and phosphorylated JNK, IRE1alpha, and eIF2alpha; all were ablated by the catalase transgene.	Paraquat	0-8	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A	Mus musculus	209-218
20937379-7	2010	Paraquat promoted overt apoptosis and ER stress as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity, apoptosis, and ER stress markers including Bax, Bcl-2, GADD153, calregulin, and phosphorylated JNK, IRE1alpha, and eIF2alpha; all were ablated by the catalase transgene.	Paraquat	0-8	catalase	Mus musculus	244-252
20937379-9	2010	Moreover, the JNK inhibitor SP600125 reversed paraquat-induced ER stress as evidenced by enhanced GADD153 and IRE1alpha phosphorylation.	Paraquat	46-54	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	14-17
20937379-9	2010	Moreover, the JNK inhibitor SP600125 reversed paraquat-induced ER stress as evidenced by enhanced GADD153 and IRE1alpha phosphorylation.	Paraquat	46-54	DNA-damage inducible transcript 3	Mus musculus	98-105
20937379-9	2010	Moreover, the JNK inhibitor SP600125 reversed paraquat-induced ER stress as evidenced by enhanced GADD153 and IRE1alpha phosphorylation.	Paraquat	46-54	endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to nucleus signalling 1	Mus musculus	110-119
20713718-5	2010	We also found that Fkbp52(-/-) mice with reduced uterine PRDX6 levels are susceptible to paraquat-induced oxidative stress (OS), leading to implantation failure even with P(4) supplementation.	Paraquat	89-97	FK506 binding protein 4	Mus musculus	19-25
20851755-0	2010	Paraquat induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) implicated toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	0-8	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	17-33
20851755-0	2010	Paraquat induces cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) implicated toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	0-8	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	35-40
20851755-1	2010	Paraquat produces dopaminergic pathologies of Parkinson"s disease, in which cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is implicated.	Paraquat	0-8	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	76-92
20851755-1	2010	Paraquat produces dopaminergic pathologies of Parkinson"s disease, in which cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is implicated.	Paraquat	0-8	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	94-99
20851755-4	2010	We initially examined the involvement of COX-2 in paraquat-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	50-58	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	41-46
20851755-5	2010	Data suggest that COX-2 is implicated in paraquat-induced reduction of viability in SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	41-49	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	18-23
20851755-7	2010	Data indicate that paraquat activates NF-kappaB and up-regulates COX-2.	Paraquat	19-27	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
20851755-9	2010	Paraquat obviously forms quinone-bound proteins, in particular, quinone-bound DJ-1 and this formation is attenuated by meloxicam.	Paraquat	0-8	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	78-82
20851755-11	2010	Paraquat decreases protein levels of Nrf2 and gammaGCS and intracellular GSH level and these decreases are alleviated by meloxicam.	Paraquat	0-8	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	37-41
20851755-12	2010	Therefore, collectively, our data indicate that paraquat induces COX-2 implicated toxicity in SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	48-56	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	65-70
20851755-13	2010	In conclusion, current findings support the idea that paraquat might produce toxicity in dopaminergic neurons through COX-2.	Paraquat	54-62	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Homo sapiens	118-123
20888808-2	2010	CYPs play pro-oxidant role and GSTs offer protection in maneb (MB) and paraquat (PQ)-induced brain and lung toxicities.	Paraquat	71-79	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-35
20888808-2	2010	CYPs play pro-oxidant role and GSTs offer protection in maneb (MB) and paraquat (PQ)-induced brain and lung toxicities.	Paraquat	81-83	glutathione S-transferase alpha 1	Rattus norvegicus	31-35
20888808-3	2010	The present study aimed to investigate the effect of repeated exposures of MB and/or PQ on lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione content (GSH) and toxicant responsive genes, i.e., CYP1A1, 1A2, 2E1, GSTA4-4, GSTA1-1 and GSTA3-3 in the liver and to correlate the same with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs).	Paraquat	85-87	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	180-186
20888808-8	2010	PQ, on the other hand, significantly increased hepatic CYP1A2 expression and catalytic activity.	Paraquat	0-2	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2	Rattus norvegicus	55-61
20888808-10	2010	The results of the study thus demonstrate that MB and PQ differentially regulate hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 while LPO, GSH, CYP2E1, GSTA4-4 and GSTA3-3 are modulated in the similar fashions both in the liver and PMNs.	Paraquat	54-56	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	89-95
20888808-10	2010	The results of the study thus demonstrate that MB and PQ differentially regulate hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 while LPO, GSH, CYP2E1, GSTA4-4 and GSTA3-3 are modulated in the similar fashions both in the liver and PMNs.	Paraquat	54-56	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 2	Rattus norvegicus	100-106
21179281-0	2010	Association of the superoxide dismutase (V16A) and catalase (C262T) genetic polymorphisms with the clinical outcome of patients with acute paraquat intoxication.	Paraquat	139-147	catalase	Homo sapiens	51-59
20673835-4	2010	In N27 cells, talipexole inhibited paraquat-induced apoptotic hallmarks such as cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, chromatin condensation and externalization of phosphatidilserine.	Paraquat	35-43	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	80-92
20673835-4	2010	In N27 cells, talipexole inhibited paraquat-induced apoptotic hallmarks such as cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, chromatin condensation and externalization of phosphatidilserine.	Paraquat	35-43	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	102-111
20638727-5	2010	Further, paraquat assay showed that PCB congeners lead to oxidative stress to different extents, PCB-77 being more toxic.	Paraquat	9-17	pyruvate carboxylase	Homo sapiens	36-39
20472063-4	2010	We find that Drosophila VMAT (dVMAT) mutants contain fewer dopaminergic neurons than wild type, consistent with a developmental effect, and that dopaminergic cell loss in the mutant is exacerbated by the pesticides rotenone and paraquat.	Paraquat	228-236	Vesicular monoamine transporter	Drosophila melanogaster	30-35
20553417-0	2010	Enhanced tolerance to methyl viologen-induced oxidative stress and high temperature in transgenic potato plants overexpressing the CuZnSOD, APX and NDPK2 genes.	Paraquat	22-37	L-ascorbate peroxidase 3, peroxisomal	Solanum tuberosum	140-143
20553417-7	2010	SOD, APX, NDPK and catalase antioxidant enzyme activities were also increased in MV-treated SSAN plants.	Paraquat	81-83	L-ascorbate peroxidase 3, peroxisomal	Solanum tuberosum	5-8
20553417-7	2010	SOD, APX, NDPK and catalase antioxidant enzyme activities were also increased in MV-treated SSAN plants.	Paraquat	81-83	LOC102577773	Solanum tuberosum	19-27
20813909-7	2010	Relative to the wild type, fib4 KD apples were more sensitive to methyl viologen and had higher superoxide levels during methyl viologen treatment.	Paraquat	65-80	Plastid-lipid associated protein PAP / fibrillin family protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	27-31
21126421-1	2010	OBJECTIVE: to observe the expression of the connective tissue growth (CTGF) and a smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoned rats and investigate the mechanism of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	123-131	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
21126421-1	2010	OBJECTIVE: to observe the expression of the connective tissue growth (CTGF) and a smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoned rats and investigate the mechanism of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	133-135	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
21126421-1	2010	OBJECTIVE: to observe the expression of the connective tissue growth (CTGF) and a smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoned rats and investigate the mechanism of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	184-192	cellular communication network factor 2	Rattus norvegicus	70-74
20558743-9	2010	Inhibition of the thioredoxin system exacerbated mitochondrial H(2)O(2) production by the redox cycling agent, paraquat.	Paraquat	111-119	thioredoxin 1	Rattus norvegicus	18-29
20713718-5	2010	We also found that Fkbp52(-/-) mice with reduced uterine PRDX6 levels are susceptible to paraquat-induced oxidative stress (OS), leading to implantation failure even with P(4) supplementation.	Paraquat	89-97	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	57-62
20713718-7	2010	Moreover, treatment with antioxidants alpha-tocopherol and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) attenuated paraquat-induced implantation failure in P(4)-treated Fkbp52(-/-) mice.	Paraquat	93-101	FK506 binding protein 4	Mus musculus	147-153
20730377-4	2010	When we transfected cells exposed to PQ with DJ-1-specific siRNA, we observed an inhibition of the autophagic events induced by the herbicide, as well as sensitization additive with PQ-induced apoptotic cell death and exacerbation of this cell death in the presence of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine.	Paraquat	37-39	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	45-49
20730377-4	2010	When we transfected cells exposed to PQ with DJ-1-specific siRNA, we observed an inhibition of the autophagic events induced by the herbicide, as well as sensitization additive with PQ-induced apoptotic cell death and exacerbation of this cell death in the presence of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine.	Paraquat	182-184	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	45-49
20730377-5	2010	These results suggest, for the first time, an active role for DJ-1 in the autophagic response produced by PQ, opening the door to new strategies for PD therapy.	Paraquat	106-108	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	62-66
20202476-0	2010	Activation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 is a key factor in paraquat-induced cell death: modulation by the Nrf2/Trx axis.	Paraquat	70-78	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	14-50
20600005-3	2010	We investigated loss-of-function phenotypes of Trx-2 in Drosophila, and found that the mutant flies are hyper-susceptible to paraquat, a free radical generator, but not to hydrogen peroxide.	Paraquat	125-133	thioredoxin-2	Drosophila melanogaster	47-52
20455021-7	2010	MB- and PQ-treatment induced nitrite content, expressions of iNOS mRNA and protein and lipid peroxidation as compared with respective controls.	Paraquat	8-10	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	61-65
20455021-9	2010	Genistein, SB202190 and PDTC reduced the expression of iNOS mRNA, nitrite content and lipid peroxidation in MB- and PQ-treated mouse striatum.	Paraquat	116-118	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	55-59
20455021-10	2010	The results obtained demonstrate that nitric oxide contributes to an increase of MB- and PQ-induced lipid peroxidation in mouse striatum and tyrosine kinase, p38 MAPK and NF-kB regulate iNOS expression.	Paraquat	89-91	nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible	Mus musculus	186-190
20226207-0	2010	Evidence that central action of paraquat interferes in the dipsogenic effect of Ang II.	Paraquat	32-40	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	80-86
20226207-2	2010	In this study we investigated whether administration of paraquat in the central nervous system interferes with the physiological role of angiotensin II in regulating blood pressure, water intake and thermogenesis.	Paraquat	56-64	angiotensinogen	Rattus norvegicus	137-151
20478973-0	2010	Paraquat exposure induces nuclear translocation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and the activation of the nitric oxide-GAPDH-Siah cell death cascade.	Paraquat	0-8	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	51-91
20478973-0	2010	Paraquat exposure induces nuclear translocation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and the activation of the nitric oxide-GAPDH-Siah cell death cascade.	Paraquat	0-8	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	93-98
20478973-0	2010	Paraquat exposure induces nuclear translocation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and the activation of the nitric oxide-GAPDH-Siah cell death cascade.	Paraquat	0-8	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	139-144
20478973-3	2010	Here, we document that PQ increases the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in rat mesencephalic cells and causes nuclear translocation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) to activate the NO/GAPDH/Siah cell death cascade.	Paraquat	23-25	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	131-171
20478973-3	2010	Here, we document that PQ increases the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in rat mesencephalic cells and causes nuclear translocation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) to activate the NO/GAPDH/Siah cell death cascade.	Paraquat	23-25	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	173-178
20478973-3	2010	Here, we document that PQ increases the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in rat mesencephalic cells and causes nuclear translocation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) to activate the NO/GAPDH/Siah cell death cascade.	Paraquat	23-25	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	199-204
20478973-4	2010	PQ exposure increases expression of the p300/CREB-binding protein (p300/CBP) and phosphorylation of p53 at Ser 15, which stimulates p53-dependent transactivation through increased binding with p300.	Paraquat	0-2	CREB binding protein	Rattus norvegicus	45-65
20478973-4	2010	PQ exposure increases expression of the p300/CREB-binding protein (p300/CBP) and phosphorylation of p53 at Ser 15, which stimulates p53-dependent transactivation through increased binding with p300.	Paraquat	0-2	CREB binding protein	Rattus norvegicus	67-75
20478973-4	2010	PQ exposure increases expression of the p300/CREB-binding protein (p300/CBP) and phosphorylation of p53 at Ser 15, which stimulates p53-dependent transactivation through increased binding with p300.	Paraquat	0-2	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	100-103
20478973-4	2010	PQ exposure increases expression of the p300/CREB-binding protein (p300/CBP) and phosphorylation of p53 at Ser 15, which stimulates p53-dependent transactivation through increased binding with p300.	Paraquat	0-2	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	132-135
20478973-6	2010	Pretreatment of cells with the neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 7-nitroindazole efficiently prevented the activation of the GAPDH/NO/Siah cell death cascade, thereby protecting cells against PQ-induced toxicity.	Paraquat	199-201	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Rattus norvegicus	132-137
20600150-9	2010	KEY FINDINGS: Pulmonary MDA level and HO-1 expression were elevated and the TOSC was reduced rapidly by an intraperitoneal dose of PQ.	Paraquat	131-133	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-42
20430890-2	2010	This study was undertaken to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which oxidative stress induced by paraquat impairs insulin-dependent glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	Paraquat	100-108	insulin	Homo sapiens	117-124
20430890-3	2010	We confirmed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress decreased glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to the cell surface, resulting in repression of insulin-dependent 2-deoxyglucose uptake.	Paraquat	18-26	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	62-83
20430890-3	2010	We confirmed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress decreased glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to the cell surface, resulting in repression of insulin-dependent 2-deoxyglucose uptake.	Paraquat	18-26	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	85-90
20430890-3	2010	We confirmed that paraquat-induced oxidative stress decreased glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to the cell surface, resulting in repression of insulin-dependent 2-deoxyglucose uptake.	Paraquat	18-26	insulin	Homo sapiens	154-161
20430890-5	2010	In contrast, we found that oxidative stress induced by paraquat inhibited activities of PI 3-kinase bound to IRSs and also inhibited phosphorylation of Akt, the downstream serine/threonine kinase that has been shown to play an essential role in insulin-dependent translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane.	Paraquat	55-63	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	152-155
20430890-5	2010	In contrast, we found that oxidative stress induced by paraquat inhibited activities of PI 3-kinase bound to IRSs and also inhibited phosphorylation of Akt, the downstream serine/threonine kinase that has been shown to play an essential role in insulin-dependent translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane.	Paraquat	55-63	insulin	Homo sapiens	245-252
20430890-5	2010	In contrast, we found that oxidative stress induced by paraquat inhibited activities of PI 3-kinase bound to IRSs and also inhibited phosphorylation of Akt, the downstream serine/threonine kinase that has been shown to play an essential role in insulin-dependent translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane.	Paraquat	55-63	solute carrier family 2 member 4	Homo sapiens	280-285
20430890-6	2010	Overexpression of active form Akt (myr-Akt) restored inhibition of insulin-dependent glucose uptake by paraquat, indicating that paraquat-induced oxidative stress inhibits insulin signals upstream of Akt.	Paraquat	103-111	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
20430890-6	2010	Overexpression of active form Akt (myr-Akt) restored inhibition of insulin-dependent glucose uptake by paraquat, indicating that paraquat-induced oxidative stress inhibits insulin signals upstream of Akt.	Paraquat	103-111	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
20430890-6	2010	Overexpression of active form Akt (myr-Akt) restored inhibition of insulin-dependent glucose uptake by paraquat, indicating that paraquat-induced oxidative stress inhibits insulin signals upstream of Akt.	Paraquat	103-111	insulin	Homo sapiens	67-74
20430890-6	2010	Overexpression of active form Akt (myr-Akt) restored inhibition of insulin-dependent glucose uptake by paraquat, indicating that paraquat-induced oxidative stress inhibits insulin signals upstream of Akt.	Paraquat	103-111	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
20430890-6	2010	Overexpression of active form Akt (myr-Akt) restored inhibition of insulin-dependent glucose uptake by paraquat, indicating that paraquat-induced oxidative stress inhibits insulin signals upstream of Akt.	Paraquat	129-137	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	30-33
20430890-6	2010	Overexpression of active form Akt (myr-Akt) restored inhibition of insulin-dependent glucose uptake by paraquat, indicating that paraquat-induced oxidative stress inhibits insulin signals upstream of Akt.	Paraquat	129-137	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
20430890-6	2010	Overexpression of active form Akt (myr-Akt) restored inhibition of insulin-dependent glucose uptake by paraquat, indicating that paraquat-induced oxidative stress inhibits insulin signals upstream of Akt.	Paraquat	129-137	insulin	Homo sapiens	67-74
20430890-6	2010	Overexpression of active form Akt (myr-Akt) restored inhibition of insulin-dependent glucose uptake by paraquat, indicating that paraquat-induced oxidative stress inhibits insulin signals upstream of Akt.	Paraquat	129-137	insulin	Homo sapiens	172-179
20430890-6	2010	Overexpression of active form Akt (myr-Akt) restored inhibition of insulin-dependent glucose uptake by paraquat, indicating that paraquat-induced oxidative stress inhibits insulin signals upstream of Akt.	Paraquat	129-137	AKT serine/threonine kinase 1	Homo sapiens	39-42
20430890-7	2010	Paraquat treatment with and without insulin treatment decreased the activity of class Ia PI 3-kinases p110alpha and p110beta that are mainly expressed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	Paraquat	0-8	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha	Homo sapiens	102-111
20430890-7	2010	Paraquat treatment with and without insulin treatment decreased the activity of class Ia PI 3-kinases p110alpha and p110beta that are mainly expressed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	Paraquat	0-8	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta	Homo sapiens	116-124
20409003-7	2010	Only modest differences in cell wall chemical composition could be detected, but we found that sos6-1 mutant plants accumulate high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under osmotic stress and are hypersensitive to the oxidative stress reagent methyl viologen.	Paraquat	248-263	cellulose synthase-like D5	Arabidopsis thaliana	95-99
20347915-5	2010	PQ at medium dose (0.1 mg/kg) did not show any changes in organ weight, body weight and spleen cellularity but significantly decreased the proliferation response to PHA and the production of IFNgamma.	Paraquat	0-2	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	191-199
20345641-7	2010	hit2 was sensitive to methyl viologen-induced oxidative stress, and the survival of hit2 seedlings in response to heat stress was affected by light conditions.	Paraquat	22-37	exportin 1A	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
20202476-6	2010	In a search for a physiological pathway that might counterbalance PQ-induced ASK1 activation, we analyzed the role of the transcription factor Nrf2, master regulator of redox homeostasis, and its target thioredoxin (Trx), which binds and inhibits ASK1.	Paraquat	66-68	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	77-81
20202476-6	2010	In a search for a physiological pathway that might counterbalance PQ-induced ASK1 activation, we analyzed the role of the transcription factor Nrf2, master regulator of redox homeostasis, and its target thioredoxin (Trx), which binds and inhibits ASK1.	Paraquat	66-68	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	143-147
20202476-6	2010	In a search for a physiological pathway that might counterbalance PQ-induced ASK1 activation, we analyzed the role of the transcription factor Nrf2, master regulator of redox homeostasis, and its target thioredoxin (Trx), which binds and inhibits ASK1.	Paraquat	66-68	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	216-219
20406884-6	2010	By contrast, transgenic plants with elevated AtDJ-1a levels have increased protection against environmental stress conditions, such as strong light, H(2)O(2), methyl viologen and copper sulfate.	Paraquat	159-174	Class I glutamine amidotransferase-like superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	45-52
20202476-0	2010	Activation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 is a key factor in paraquat-induced cell death: modulation by the Nrf2/Trx axis.	Paraquat	70-78	NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2	Homo sapiens	117-121
20202476-0	2010	Activation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 is a key factor in paraquat-induced cell death: modulation by the Nrf2/Trx axis.	Paraquat	70-78	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	122-125
20202476-4	2010	The relevance of these kinases in channeling PQ neurotoxicity was demonstrated with the use of interference RNA for ASK1 and two well-established pharmaceutical inhibitors for JNK and p38.	Paraquat	45-47	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	116-120
20202476-4	2010	The relevance of these kinases in channeling PQ neurotoxicity was demonstrated with the use of interference RNA for ASK1 and two well-established pharmaceutical inhibitors for JNK and p38.	Paraquat	45-47	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	176-179
20202476-4	2010	The relevance of these kinases in channeling PQ neurotoxicity was demonstrated with the use of interference RNA for ASK1 and two well-established pharmaceutical inhibitors for JNK and p38.	Paraquat	45-47	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	184-187
20202476-5	2010	The toxic effect of PQ was substantially attenuated by preincubation with vitamin E, blocking ASK1 pathways and preventing oxidative stress and cell death.	Paraquat	20-22	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	94-98
20004239-8	2010	Our findings suggest that paraquat poisoning increases endothelial iNOS expression and basal NO production decreasing responsiveness of pulmonary artery to vasoconstrictors.	Paraquat	26-34	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	67-71
20418776-0	2010	JNK3 mediates paraquat- and rotenone-induced dopaminergic neuron death.	Paraquat	14-22	mitogen-activated protein kinase 10	Mus musculus	0-4
20418776-3	2010	Here, we investigated the role of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3), a neural-specific JNK isoform, in dopaminergic neuron death induced by the pesticides rotenone and paraquat.	Paraquat	167-175	mitogen-activated protein kinase 10	Mus musculus	34-59
20418776-3	2010	Here, we investigated the role of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3), a neural-specific JNK isoform, in dopaminergic neuron death induced by the pesticides rotenone and paraquat.	Paraquat	167-175	mitogen-activated protein kinase 10	Mus musculus	61-65
20418776-3	2010	Here, we investigated the role of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3), a neural-specific JNK isoform, in dopaminergic neuron death induced by the pesticides rotenone and paraquat.	Paraquat	167-175	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	61-64
20418776-5	2010	Using an antibody that recognizes all isoforms of activated JNKs, we found that paraquat and rotenone stimulate JNK phosphorylation in primary cultured dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	80-88	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Mus musculus	60-63
20418776-7	2010	Paraquat- and rotenone-induced death of dopaminergic neurons was also significantly reduced by Jnk3 siRNA or Jnk3 gene deletion, and deletion of the Jnk3 gene completely attenuated paraquat-induced dopaminergic neuron death and motor deficits in vivo.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 10	Mus musculus	95-99
20418776-7	2010	Paraquat- and rotenone-induced death of dopaminergic neurons was also significantly reduced by Jnk3 siRNA or Jnk3 gene deletion, and deletion of the Jnk3 gene completely attenuated paraquat-induced dopaminergic neuron death and motor deficits in vivo.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 10	Mus musculus	109-113
20418776-7	2010	Paraquat- and rotenone-induced death of dopaminergic neurons was also significantly reduced by Jnk3 siRNA or Jnk3 gene deletion, and deletion of the Jnk3 gene completely attenuated paraquat-induced dopaminergic neuron death and motor deficits in vivo.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 10	Mus musculus	109-113
20418776-7	2010	Paraquat- and rotenone-induced death of dopaminergic neurons was also significantly reduced by Jnk3 siRNA or Jnk3 gene deletion, and deletion of the Jnk3 gene completely attenuated paraquat-induced dopaminergic neuron death and motor deficits in vivo.	Paraquat	181-189	mitogen-activated protein kinase 10	Mus musculus	95-99
20418776-8	2010	Our data identify JNK3 as a common and critical mediator of dopaminergic neuron death induced by paraquat and rotenone, suggesting that it is a potential drug target for Parkinson disease treatment.	Paraquat	97-105	mitogen-activated protein kinase 10	Mus musculus	18-22
20200163-6	2010	Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed an increase in punctate (lysosomal) LAMP-2A staining that co-localized with alpha-synuclein within nigral dopaminergic neurons of paraquat-treated and alpha-synuclein-overexpressing animals.	Paraquat	169-177	lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2	Mus musculus	75-82
20200163-6	2010	Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed an increase in punctate (lysosomal) LAMP-2A staining that co-localized with alpha-synuclein within nigral dopaminergic neurons of paraquat-treated and alpha-synuclein-overexpressing animals.	Paraquat	169-177	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	115-130
20200163-6	2010	Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed an increase in punctate (lysosomal) LAMP-2A staining that co-localized with alpha-synuclein within nigral dopaminergic neurons of paraquat-treated and alpha-synuclein-overexpressing animals.	Paraquat	169-177	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	190-205
20004239-0	2010	Increased expression of endothelial iNOS accounts for hyporesponsiveness of pulmonary artery to vasoconstrictors after paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	119-127	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	36-40
20035857-8	2010	Furthermore, paraquat treatment increased CTGF and collagen mRNA and protein expression in a dose-dependent manner and saralasin inhibited these effects.	Paraquat	13-21	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	42-46
20035857-9	2010	These results indicate that paraquat increases CTGF and collagen expression by activating angiotensin signaling pathway in human lung fibroblasts.	Paraquat	28-36	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	47-51
19735704-0	2009	Paraquat activates the IRE1/ASK1/JNK cascade associated with apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	0-8	endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1	Homo sapiens	23-27
20465954-0	2010	[Expression of angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 gene in lung of paraquat poisoning rats and protection of sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate].	Paraquat	97-105	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	15-44
20465954-0	2010	[Expression of angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 gene in lung of paraquat poisoning rats and protection of sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate].	Paraquat	97-105	angiotensin I converting enzyme 2	Rattus norvegicus	49-80
20465954-10	2010	As compared with paraquat poisoned group, the expressions of ACE mRNA in lung tissue of rats in NA-DMPS protected group increased significantly at 24 h (0.739 +/- 0.558) and 3 d (0.749 +/- 0.414) (P < 0.05), while the expressions of ACE2 mRNA increased markedly on 3 d (0.584 +/- 0.345) and 7 d (0.493 +/- 0.292) (P < 0.05).	Paraquat	17-25	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	61-64
20216949-0	2010	Effect of paraquat-induced oxidative stress on insulin regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 gene expression.	Paraquat	10-18	insulin	Homo sapiens	47-54
20216949-0	2010	Effect of paraquat-induced oxidative stress on insulin regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 gene expression.	Paraquat	10-18	insulin like growth factor binding protein 1	Homo sapiens	69-113
19969051-0	2010	Chymase mediates paraquat-induced collagen production in human lung fibroblasts.	Paraquat	17-25	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	0-7
19969051-9	2010	This study found increased chymase expression in paraquat-treated human lung fibroblasts and confirmed in vitro and in an in vivo paraquat model of lung fibrosis that chymase generates Ang II and enhances collagen expression.	Paraquat	49-57	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	27-34
19969051-9	2010	This study found increased chymase expression in paraquat-treated human lung fibroblasts and confirmed in vitro and in an in vivo paraquat model of lung fibrosis that chymase generates Ang II and enhances collagen expression.	Paraquat	49-57	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	167-174
19969051-9	2010	This study found increased chymase expression in paraquat-treated human lung fibroblasts and confirmed in vitro and in an in vivo paraquat model of lung fibrosis that chymase generates Ang II and enhances collagen expression.	Paraquat	130-138	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	167-174
19969051-10	2010	These data suggest a role for chymase in the pathogenesis of paraquat-induced lung fibrosis.	Paraquat	61-69	chymase 1	Homo sapiens	30-37
25214974-11	2010	CONCLUSION: Ulinastatin may ameliorate acute lung injury to some extent after PQ poisoning in rats by enhancing the expression of HSP70.	Paraquat	78-80	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	12-23
25214974-11	2010	CONCLUSION: Ulinastatin may ameliorate acute lung injury to some extent after PQ poisoning in rats by enhancing the expression of HSP70.	Paraquat	78-80	heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	130-135
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Paraquat	31-39	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	110-125
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Paraquat	31-39	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	127-131
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Paraquat	31-39	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	178-184
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Paraquat	147-155	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	110-125
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Paraquat	147-155	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	127-131
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Paraquat	147-155	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	178-184
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Paraquat	147-155	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	110-125
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Paraquat	147-155	NADPH oxidase 4	Homo sapiens	127-131
20164675-4	2010	The specific effects of DDS in paraquat-treated HDFs are summarized as follows: a) reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) by inhibiting paraquat-induced activation of PKC; b) inhibiting paraquat-induced decreases in mitochondrial complex protein levels as well as in membrane potentials; c) consequently, inhibiting the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide anions.	Paraquat	147-155	protein kinase C beta	Homo sapiens	178-184
20506652-0	2010	[Expression of NF-kappaB and its downstream products in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells treated with paraquat].	Paraquat	112-120	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	15-24
20506652-1	2010	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of NF-kappaB and its downstream products in the human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) treated with paraquat.	Paraquat	153-161	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	44-53
20506652-3	2010	The activation and location of NF-kappaB P65 protein were detected by immunocytochemical method at 8 h, 24 h and 48 h after treatment with paraquat.	Paraquat	139-147	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	31-44
20506652-8	2010	The RT-PCR verified the mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-8 was up-regulated until 48 h after treatment with paraquat.	Paraquat	106-114	interleukin 6	Homo sapiens	43-47
20506652-8	2010	The RT-PCR verified the mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-8 was up-regulated until 48 h after treatment with paraquat.	Paraquat	106-114	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	52-56
20506652-9	2010	CONCLUSION: NF-kappaB could be activated at the early phase of paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	63-71	nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1	Homo sapiens	12-21
19933842-4	2010	Treatment of control cells with arsenite, an inducer of Nrf2 activity, increases their resistance to paraquat, hydrogen peroxide, cadmium, and UV light, rendering these cells as stress resistant as untreated cells from dwarf mice.	Paraquat	101-109	nuclear factor, erythroid derived 2, like 2	Mus musculus	56-60
19782123-5	2009	Correspondingly, paraquat promoted somewhat divergent variations in neurochemical activity among wild-type and IFN-gamma null mice at brain sites important for both motor (striatum) and co-morbid affective pathologies (dorsal hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and locus coeruleus).	Paraquat	17-25	interferon gamma	Mus musculus	111-120
19786089-2	2009	This study shows that phosphorylation of the stress-activated protein kinases ERK1/2 induced by peroxide, cadmium, or paraquat is attenuated in cells from these mice.	Paraquat	118-126	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	78-84
19735704-0	2009	Paraquat activates the IRE1/ASK1/JNK cascade associated with apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	28-32
19735704-0	2009	Paraquat activates the IRE1/ASK1/JNK cascade associated with apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	33-36
19735704-8	2009	Paraquat activated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), and c-jun kinase (JNK).	Paraquat	0-8	endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1	Homo sapiens	19-46
19735704-8	2009	Paraquat activated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), and c-jun kinase (JNK).	Paraquat	0-8	endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1	Homo sapiens	48-52
20228935-9	2009	mIGF-1-induced SirT1 activity exerts protection against angiotensin II (Ang II)-triggered hypertrophy and against paraquat (PQ) and Ang II-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	114-122	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	0-6
19735704-8	2009	Paraquat activated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), and c-jun kinase (JNK).	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	55-91
20228935-9	2009	mIGF-1-induced SirT1 activity exerts protection against angiotensin II (Ang II)-triggered hypertrophy and against paraquat (PQ) and Ang II-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	114-122	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	15-20
19735704-8	2009	Paraquat activated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), and c-jun kinase (JNK).	Paraquat	0-8	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	118-121
20228935-9	2009	mIGF-1-induced SirT1 activity exerts protection against angiotensin II (Ang II)-triggered hypertrophy and against paraquat (PQ) and Ang II-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	124-126	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	0-6
20228935-9	2009	mIGF-1-induced SirT1 activity exerts protection against angiotensin II (Ang II)-triggered hypertrophy and against paraquat (PQ) and Ang II-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	124-126	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	15-20
19735704-9	2009	Also, paraquat activated calpain and caspase 3, but did not affect the levels of intracellular calcium and the activity of caspase 12.	Paraquat	6-14	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	37-46
19735704-10	2009	Finally, apoptotic DNA damage by paraquat was investigated and this damage was attenuated by salubrinal (ER stress inhibitor), thioredoxin (ASK1 inhibitor) and SP600125 (JNK inhibitor).	Paraquat	33-41	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	127-138
19735704-11	2009	Therefore, current data indicate that paraquat activates the IRE1/ASK1/JNK cascade associated with apoptosis in SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	38-46	endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1	Homo sapiens	61-65
19735704-11	2009	Therefore, current data indicate that paraquat activates the IRE1/ASK1/JNK cascade associated with apoptosis in SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	38-46	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5	Homo sapiens	66-70
19735704-11	2009	Therefore, current data indicate that paraquat activates the IRE1/ASK1/JNK cascade associated with apoptosis in SY5Y cells.	Paraquat	38-46	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	71-74
19806166-4	2009	The production of superoxide in par2-1 is comparable to that of wild-type plants when treated by paraquat (1,1"-dimethyl-4,4"-bipyridinium dichloride), suggesting that PAR2 acts downstream of superoxide to regulate cell death.	Paraquat	97-105	phy rapidly regulated 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	32-36
19952414-11	2009	The lec-10-deletion mutants (tm1262) were as susceptible as the daf-16-deletion mutants (mu86) to paraquat and hydrogen peroxide.	Paraquat	98-106	Galectin	Caenorhabditis elegans	4-10
19952414-11	2009	The lec-10-deletion mutants (tm1262) were as susceptible as the daf-16-deletion mutants (mu86) to paraquat and hydrogen peroxide.	Paraquat	98-106	Fork-head domain-containing protein;Forkhead box protein O	Caenorhabditis elegans	64-70
19715754-0	2009	Effects of paraquat-induced oxidative stress on the neuronal plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase.	Paraquat	11-19	ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 2	Homo sapiens	61-90
20306720-4	2009	Between P3 and P15, a significant increment in the levels of excitatory amino acids, Asp and Glu, were observed in mice exposed to PQ, as compared with the control group.	Paraquat	131-133	cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B	Mus musculus	15-18
20306720-5	2009	With respect to the inhibitory neurotransmitter levels, in the group exposed to PQ, the more important changes were observed in Gly between P1 and P15.	Paraquat	80-82	zinc finger protein 185	Mus musculus	140-150
19956688-11	2009	Interestingly, peripheral T cells from Mst1(-/-) mice were hypersensitive to gamma-irradiation and paraquat-induced oxidative stresses, whereas those from Mst1 Tg mice were resistant.	Paraquat	99-107	macrophage stimulating 1 (hepatocyte growth factor-like)	Mus musculus	39-43
19715754-6	2009	Low concentrations of PQ (5-10 microM) increased PMCA basal activity by two-fold but abolished its sensitivity to CaM.	Paraquat	22-24	ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 2	Homo sapiens	49-53
19827907-3	2009	We prospectively investigated changes in urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in acute PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	145-147	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	86-128
19827907-3	2009	We prospectively investigated changes in urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in acute PQ intoxication.	Paraquat	145-147	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	130-134
19827907-0	2009	Clinical implication of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 in patients with acute paraquat intoxication.	Paraquat	127-135	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	32-74
19827907-11	2009	Regardless of the AKI, the NGAL and KIM-1 were increased at between 24 and 48 h. CONCLUSION: PQ is a very potent stimulant of NGAL-1 and KIM-1.	Paraquat	93-95	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	27-31
19827907-0	2009	Clinical implication of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 in patients with acute paraquat intoxication.	Paraquat	127-135	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1	Homo sapiens	79-103
19827907-11	2009	Regardless of the AKI, the NGAL and KIM-1 were increased at between 24 and 48 h. CONCLUSION: PQ is a very potent stimulant of NGAL-1 and KIM-1.	Paraquat	93-95	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1	Homo sapiens	36-41
19633237-4	2009	Our data show that an approximately twofold overexpression of MnSOD throughout life in mice resulted in decreased lipid peroxidation, increased resistance against paraquat-induced oxidative stress, and decreased age-related decline in mitochondrial ATP production.	Paraquat	163-171	superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial	Mus musculus	62-67
19827907-11	2009	Regardless of the AKI, the NGAL and KIM-1 were increased at between 24 and 48 h. CONCLUSION: PQ is a very potent stimulant of NGAL-1 and KIM-1.	Paraquat	93-95	lipocalin 2	Homo sapiens	126-130
19827907-11	2009	Regardless of the AKI, the NGAL and KIM-1 were increased at between 24 and 48 h. CONCLUSION: PQ is a very potent stimulant of NGAL-1 and KIM-1.	Paraquat	93-95	hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1	Homo sapiens	137-142
19720829-4	2009	We found that Jafrac1 was expressed in the adult brain and induced by paraquat, a reactive oxygen species-generating chemical.	Paraquat	70-78	thioredoxin peroxidase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	14-21
19674405-6	2009	Drought, high light, paraquat and abscisic acid treatments induce AtCHL transcript and protein accumulation.	Paraquat	21-29	chloroplastic lipocalin	Arabidopsis thaliana	66-71
19720829-5	2009	RNA interference-mediated neuronal knockdown of Jafrac1 enhanced, while neuronal overexpression of Jafrac1 and hPrxII suppressed, paraquat-induced lethality in flies.	Paraquat	130-138	thioredoxin peroxidase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	99-106
19720829-5	2009	RNA interference-mediated neuronal knockdown of Jafrac1 enhanced, while neuronal overexpression of Jafrac1 and hPrxII suppressed, paraquat-induced lethality in flies.	Paraquat	130-138	peroxiredoxin 2	Homo sapiens	111-117
19720829-6	2009	Neuronal expression of Jafrac1 also significantly reduced ROS levels, restored mitochondrial function, and attenuated JNK activation caused by paraquat.	Paraquat	143-151	thioredoxin peroxidase 1	Drosophila melanogaster	23-30
19720829-6	2009	Neuronal expression of Jafrac1 also significantly reduced ROS levels, restored mitochondrial function, and attenuated JNK activation caused by paraquat.	Paraquat	143-151	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	118-121
20079141-12	2009	Numbers of TH positive neurons and the mRNA expression of DAT in substantia nigra of mice were also decreased after PQ taken orally for four months.	Paraquat	116-118	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	11-13
19717555-0	2009	Paraquat toxicity induced by voltage-dependent anion channel 1 acts as an NADH-dependent oxidoreductase.	Paraquat	0-8	voltage dependent anion channel 1	Homo sapiens	29-62
19717555-10	2009	These results indicated that a VDAC1-containing mitochondrial system is involved in PQ poisoning.	Paraquat	84-86	voltage dependent anion channel 1	Homo sapiens	31-36
20079141-12	2009	Numbers of TH positive neurons and the mRNA expression of DAT in substantia nigra of mice were also decreased after PQ taken orally for four months.	Paraquat	116-118	solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, dopamine), member 3	Mus musculus	58-61
19487311-4	2009	We show here that MsrA(-/-) mice are more susceptible to oxidative stress induced by paraquat.	Paraquat	85-93	methionine sulfoxide reductase A	Mus musculus	18-22
19778406-0	2009	Induction of protection against paraquat-induced oxidative damage by abscisic acid in maize leaves is mediated through mitogen-activated protein kinase.	Paraquat	32-40	MPK14 - putative MAPK	Zea mays	119-151
19778406-2	2009	In the present study, protection of maize seedlings (Zea mays L.) against paraquat-generated oxidative toxicity by abscisic acid (ABA), its association with MAPK and ZmMPK5, a candidate for MAPK were investigated.	Paraquat	74-82	MAP kinase 2	Zea mays	166-172
19778406-2	2009	In the present study, protection of maize seedlings (Zea mays L.) against paraquat-generated oxidative toxicity by abscisic acid (ABA), its association with MAPK and ZmMPK5, a candidate for MAPK were investigated.	Paraquat	74-82	MPK14 - putative MAPK	Zea mays	190-194
19778406-7	2009	Besides, treatment with PQ stimulated the activation of a 46 kDa MAPK, which was identified as ZmMPK5 by in-gel kinase assay with immunoprecipitation.	Paraquat	24-26	MPK14 - putative MAPK	Zea mays	65-69
19778406-7	2009	Besides, treatment with PQ stimulated the activation of a 46 kDa MAPK, which was identified as ZmMPK5 by in-gel kinase assay with immunoprecipitation.	Paraquat	24-26	MAP kinase 2	Zea mays	95-101
19778406-8	2009	These results reveal that ABA-induced protection against PQ-generated oxidative damage is mediated through MAPK cascade in maize leaves, in which ZmMPK5, a candidate for MAPK, is demonstrated to be involved.	Paraquat	57-59	MPK14 - putative MAPK	Zea mays	107-111
19778406-8	2009	These results reveal that ABA-induced protection against PQ-generated oxidative damage is mediated through MAPK cascade in maize leaves, in which ZmMPK5, a candidate for MAPK, is demonstrated to be involved.	Paraquat	57-59	MAP kinase 2	Zea mays	146-152
19778406-8	2009	These results reveal that ABA-induced protection against PQ-generated oxidative damage is mediated through MAPK cascade in maize leaves, in which ZmMPK5, a candidate for MAPK, is demonstrated to be involved.	Paraquat	57-59	MPK14 - putative MAPK	Zea mays	170-174
19682488-3	2009	Treatment with paraquat, a redox-cycling dipyridyl, causes a more severe developmental delay at the second larval stage in pcm-1 mutants than in wild-type nematodes.	Paraquat	15-23	Protein-L-isoaspartate O-methyltransferase	Caenorhabditis elegans	123-128
19647013-10	2009	By applying rapamycin, a specific pharmacological inhibitor of mTOR signaling, we found that the inhibition of mTOR could significantly prevent neuronal apoptosis induced by Paraquat.	Paraquat	174-182	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Mus musculus	63-67
19450058-0	2009	The role of NADPH oxidase 1-derived reactive oxygen species in paraquat-mediated dopaminergic cell death.	Paraquat	63-71	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	12-27
19450058-2	2009	We demonstrate here that the activation of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a specialized superoxide-generating enzyme complex, plays a key role in the oxidative stress and subsequent dopaminergic cell death elicited by paraquat.	Paraquat	211-219	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	43-58
19450058-2	2009	We demonstrate here that the activation of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a specialized superoxide-generating enzyme complex, plays a key role in the oxidative stress and subsequent dopaminergic cell death elicited by paraquat.	Paraquat	211-219	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	60-64
19450058-3	2009	Paraquat increased the expression of Nox1 in a concentration-dependent manner in rat dopaminergic N27 cells.	Paraquat	0-8	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	37-41
19450058-5	2009	Paraquat-induced reactive oxygen species generation and dopaminergic cell death were significantly reduced after pretreatment with apocynin, a putative NADPH oxidase inhibitor, and Nox1 knockdown with siRNA.	Paraquat	0-8	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	181-185
19450058-6	2009	Male C57BL/6 mice received intraperitoneal (IP) injections of paraquat (10 mg/kg) once every 3 days and showed increased Nox1 levels in the substantia nigra as well as a 35% reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive dopaminergic neurons 5 days after the last injection.	Paraquat	62-70	NADPH oxidase 1	Mus musculus	121-125
19450058-8	2009	Our results suggest that Nox1-generated superoxide is implicated in the oxidative stress elicited by paraquat in DA cells, and it can serve as a novel target for pharmacologic intervention.	Paraquat	101-109	NADPH oxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-29
19647013-10	2009	By applying rapamycin, a specific pharmacological inhibitor of mTOR signaling, we found that the inhibition of mTOR could significantly prevent neuronal apoptosis induced by Paraquat.	Paraquat	174-182	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Mus musculus	111-115
19572601-1	2009	Taco complex templation based on the bis(m-phenylene)-32-crown-10/paraquat recognition motif is used to develop a general method for preparing mechanically interlocked molecules.	Paraquat	66-74	coronin 1A	Homo sapiens	0-4
20095325-4	2009	RESULTS: The level of MDA and MPO in serum increased and the activity of GSH-Px, SOD, CAT in serum decreased significantly in PQ group compared with control and PDTC group (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01) in the corresponding sacrifice dates.	Paraquat	126-128	glutathione peroxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	73-79
20095325-4	2009	RESULTS: The level of MDA and MPO in serum increased and the activity of GSH-Px, SOD, CAT in serum decreased significantly in PQ group compared with control and PDTC group (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01) in the corresponding sacrifice dates.	Paraquat	126-128	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	86-89
20095325-5	2009	There were a significant decrease of MDA and increase of GPx, SOD, CAT in PQ + PDTC group compared with PQ group (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01) in the corresponding sacrifice dates.	Paraquat	74-76	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	67-70
20095325-8	2009	The MPO activity on the 14th day was (119.56 +/- 21.23) U/L, was lower than that of PQ group (P&lt;0.05).	Paraquat	84-86	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	4-7
20095327-0	2009	[Pathologic changes and expression of Heme oxygenase-1 in paraquat-induced renal injury].	Paraquat	58-66	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	38-54
20095327-14	2009	The higher expression of HO-1 and HO-1 mRNA were involved in the procedures of paraquat-induced renal injury.	Paraquat	79-87	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	25-38
19508366-6	2009	Pretreatments with inhibitors of OxO and scavenger of H(2)O(2) blocked the increase of tolerance to MV-induced or high light-induced oxidative stress, as well as the induction of antioxidant enzyme activities.	Paraquat	100-102	germin-like protein 8-4	Triticum aestivum	33-36
19446248-7	2009	After repeated PQ administration, the density of TH-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) decreased as compared to the control.	Paraquat	15-17	tyrosine hydroxylase	Mus musculus	49-51
19023562-6	2009	Accordingly, UGT1A6 mRNA expression, measured by RT-PCR, was 2.3-fold higher after 3-MC treatment and 2.1-fold higher after PQ administration.	Paraquat	124-126	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A6	Rattus norvegicus	13-19
19508366-8	2009	It is suggested that H(2)O(2) produced by OxO in the transgenic tobacco plants triggers the signaling pathways to upregulate expressions of antioxidant enzyme genes, which in turn results in the increase of tolerance to MV-induced and high light-induced oxidative stresses.	Paraquat	220-222	germin-like protein 8-4	Triticum aestivum	42-45
19625511-3	2009	Expressing human LRRK2 increased nematode survival in response to rotenone or paraquat, which are agents that cause mitochondrial dysfunction.	Paraquat	78-86	leucine rich repeat kinase 2	Homo sapiens	17-22
19562038-5	2009	A dramatic increase in PL-OOH levels in Cftr(-/-) lung consecutive to in vivo oxidative challenge by paraquat (PQ) unmasks a susceptibility to phospholipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	101-109	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	40-44
19562038-5	2009	A dramatic increase in PL-OOH levels in Cftr(-/-) lung consecutive to in vivo oxidative challenge by paraquat (PQ) unmasks a susceptibility to phospholipid peroxidation.	Paraquat	111-113	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	40-44
19562038-6	2009	PQ strongly decreases Prdx6 expression in Cftr(-/-) mice compared to Cftr(+/+).	Paraquat	0-2	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	22-27
19562038-6	2009	PQ strongly decreases Prdx6 expression in Cftr(-/-) mice compared to Cftr(+/+).	Paraquat	0-2	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	42-46
19562038-8	2009	Two-dimensional gel analysis of Prdx6 revealed one main molecular form in basal conditions and a PQ-induced form only detected in Cftr(+/+) lung.	Paraquat	97-99	peroxiredoxin 6	Mus musculus	32-37
19562038-8	2009	Two-dimensional gel analysis of Prdx6 revealed one main molecular form in basal conditions and a PQ-induced form only detected in Cftr(+/+) lung.	Paraquat	97-99	cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	Mus musculus	130-134
19570348-0	2009	[Effects of ulinastatin to pro-inflammatory mediators in rats with acute paraquat intoxication].	Paraquat	73-81	alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor	Rattus norvegicus	12-23
19583935-5	2009	RESULTS: Ultraviolet irradiation, heat-shock, and paraquat treatment could significantly reduce egg number in uterus and brood size, increase generation time, and suppress activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase of the treated wild-type N2 nematodes.	Paraquat	50-58	Catalase	Caenorhabditis elegans	186-194
19425177-0	2009	Silencing DJ-1 reveals its contribution in paraquat-induced autophagy.	Paraquat	43-51	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	10-14
19425177-4	2009	In this paper we established a model system to study the involvement of the DJ-1 protein in paraquat-induced autophagy.	Paraquat	92-100	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	76-80
19425177-6	2009	Taken together, these findings suggest an active role for DJ-1 in the autophagic response produced by paraquat, providing evidence for the role of PD-related proteins in the autophagic degradation pathway, a factor that should be considered in the design of potential therapies for the treatment of the disease.	Paraquat	102-110	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	Homo sapiens	58-62
19261533-18	2009	It has been reported that oxidative stress after paraquat administration involved nitration of proteins by the activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS).	Paraquat	49-57	nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal	Mus musculus	125-146
19645869-11	2009	CONCLUSIONS: EUK-134, a superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic compound decreased the pneumotoxic effect of paraquat in rats.	Paraquat	107-115	catalase	Rattus norvegicus	45-53
18715146-3	2009	Oxidative stress induced by the neurotoxins MPTP, paraquat, maneb, and rotenone causes lipid peroxidation and protein misfolding that affects cell death through members of the Bcl-2 family.	Paraquat	50-58	BCL2 apoptosis regulator	Homo sapiens	176-181
19101702-5	2009	Cabergoline increased glutathione content, reduced free radical production and caspase-3 activation, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and ameliorated cell death in SHSY-5Y cells exposed to paraquat and this action was inhibited in part by D2 receptor blockade.	Paraquat	199-207	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	79-88
19101702-6	2009	Cabergoline also reduced the toxicity of wild-type and mutant alpha-synuclein expression following paraquat exposure by similar mechanisms.	Paraquat	99-107	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	62-77
19054362-8	2009	The fnr2 plants grown at low temperature were more tolerant against methyl viologen (MV)-induced cell death than fnr1 and WT.	Paraquat	68-83	ferredoxin-NADP[+]-oxidoreductase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	4-8
19210547-5	2009	DIC-1 knockdown induced the opposite changes in ATP, ROS and paraquat-sensitivity.	Paraquat	61-69	VWFA domain-containing protein	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
18536978-5	2009	Both adaptogen extracts were also able to increase stress resistance in C. elegans: against a relatively short heat shock (35 degrees C during 3 h) as well as chronic heat treatment at 26 degrees C. An increase against chronic oxidative stress conditions was observed in mev-1 mutants, and during exposure of the wild type nematode to paraquat (10 mM) or UV stress, be it less efficiently.	Paraquat	335-343	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Caenorhabditis elegans	271-276
19497220-8	2009	RESULTS: Compared with that in normal control group, TNF-alpha mRNA expression in lung tissue of PQ group reached the peak at the six hour and decreased slowly at the first day [(0.740 +/- 0.100) and (0.584 +/- 0.049) respectively].	Paraquat	97-99	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	53-62
19497220-10	2009	IL-10 mRNA expression in lung tissue of PQ group was elevated at the six hour, reached the peak at the first day, at the third day [(0.551 +/- 0.016) and (0.524 +/- 0.010) respectively] and the seventh day also higher than that in normal control group.	Paraquat	40-42	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	0-5
19497220-12	2009	Meanwhile, HMGB-1 mRNA expression in lung tissue of PQ group was also elevated at the six hour, reached the peak at the first day, at the third [(0.695 +/- 0.060), (0.871 +/- 0.154) and (0.819 +/- 0.188) respectively] and the seventh day also higher than that in normal control group.	Paraquat	52-54	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	11-17
19497220-15	2009	CONCLUSION: In rats after PQ intoxication the levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-alpha, IL-10 and HMGB-1 are higher than normal rats, and inflammatory could play an important role in lung injury of poisoned rats.	Paraquat	26-28	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	81-90
19497220-15	2009	CONCLUSION: In rats after PQ intoxication the levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-alpha, IL-10 and HMGB-1 are higher than normal rats, and inflammatory could play an important role in lung injury of poisoned rats.	Paraquat	26-28	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	92-97
19497220-15	2009	CONCLUSION: In rats after PQ intoxication the levels of the inflammatory factors TNF-alpha, IL-10 and HMGB-1 are higher than normal rats, and inflammatory could play an important role in lung injury of poisoned rats.	Paraquat	26-28	high mobility group box 1	Rattus norvegicus	102-108
18725200-4	2008	Atr1 was also more tolerant to the reactive oxygen species-generating herbicides aminotriazole (AT) and paraquat.	Paraquat	104-112	P450 reductase 1	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
19026709-7	2009	Comparatively to 60% of mortality observed in PQ only exposed animals, the lethality was higher (80%) in the group that received 400mg/kg of LAS 2h after PQ administration.	Paraquat	46-48	similar to chromosome 18 open reading frame 54	Rattus norvegicus	141-146
19026709-7	2009	Comparatively to 60% of mortality observed in PQ only exposed animals, the lethality was higher (80%) in the group that received 400mg/kg of LAS 2h after PQ administration.	Paraquat	154-156	similar to chromosome 18 open reading frame 54	Rattus norvegicus	141-146
18996978-8	2008	Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing both the FSD2 and FSD3 genes showed greater tolerance to oxidative stress induced by methyl viologen than did the wild type or single FSD2- or FSD3-overexpressing lines.	Paraquat	143-158	Fe superoxide dismutase 2	Arabidopsis thaliana	67-71
18996978-8	2008	Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing both the FSD2 and FSD3 genes showed greater tolerance to oxidative stress induced by methyl viologen than did the wild type or single FSD2- or FSD3-overexpressing lines.	Paraquat	143-158	Fe superoxide dismutase 3	Arabidopsis thaliana	76-80
19639047-7	2009	MDA level in plasma and BALF was increased and the activities of GSH-Px and SOD were decreased significantly in the PQ-treated groups (P &lt; .05) compared with control group.	Paraquat	116-118	glutathione peroxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-79
19639047-8	2009	While the activities of GSH-Px and SOD in the PQ+PDTC-treated groups was markedly higher than that of PQ-treated groups (P &lt; .05), and in contrast, MDA level was lower.	Paraquat	46-48	glutathione peroxidase 1	Rattus norvegicus	24-38
19639047-9	2009	TGF-beta1 mRNA and protein were significantly lower in the PQ+PDTC-treated groups than that of PQ-treated groups (P &lt; .05).	Paraquat	59-61	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	0-9
18335519-5	2008	PKCdelta played a central role in the paraquat-induced glial cell death: (1) the PKCdelta-specific inhibitor rottlerin blocked paraquat-induced glial cell death; (2) paraquat induced tyrosine and threonine phosphorylation of PKCdelta; and (3) transfection of the dominant-negative mutant of PKCdelta attenuated paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	38-46	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	0-8
18985485-10	2008	The results thus suggest that MB and/or PQ induce iNOS-mediated nitric oxide production, which in turn increases MPO activity and lipid peroxidation, thereby oxidative stress.	Paraquat	40-42	nitric oxide synthase 2	Rattus norvegicus	50-54
18985485-10	2008	The results thus suggest that MB and/or PQ induce iNOS-mediated nitric oxide production, which in turn increases MPO activity and lipid peroxidation, thereby oxidative stress.	Paraquat	40-42	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	113-116
18606871-3	2008	For this reason, we had previously investigated the effects of paraquat in mice and showed that it influenced striatal nicotinic receptor (nAChR) expression but not nAChR-mediated dopaminergic function.	Paraquat	63-71	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 7	Mus musculus	139-144
18606871-4	2008	Because nonhuman primates are evolutionarily closer to humans and may better model the effects of pesticide exposure in man, we examined the effects of paraquat on striatal nAChR function and expression in monkeys.	Paraquat	152-160	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	173-178
18606871-7	2008	Paraquat treatment decreased alpha4beta2(*) but not alpha3/alpha6beta2(*) nAChR expression.	Paraquat	0-8	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	74-79
18606871-8	2008	The differential effects of paraquat on nAChR expression and receptor-evoked [(3)H]DA release emphasize the importance of evaluating changes in functional measures.	Paraquat	28-36	cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Homo sapiens	40-45
18606871-9	2008	The finding that paraquat treatment has a negative impact on striatal nAChR-mediated dopaminergic activity in monkeys but not mice indicates the need for determining the effects of pesticides in higher species.	Paraquat	17-25	cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 7	Mus musculus	70-75
19272247-6	2008	RESULTS: The TGF-beta(1) protein, TGF-beta(1) and MMP-2 mRNA expression were increased significantly in the earlier stage and then decreased after PQ administration (P &lt; 0.05 or P &lt; 0.01), while the mRNA level of TIMP-1 was augmented continuously (P &lt; 0.01) throughout the study compared to the control group.	Paraquat	147-149	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	13-24
19272247-6	2008	RESULTS: The TGF-beta(1) protein, TGF-beta(1) and MMP-2 mRNA expression were increased significantly in the earlier stage and then decreased after PQ administration (P &lt; 0.05 or P &lt; 0.01), while the mRNA level of TIMP-1 was augmented continuously (P &lt; 0.01) throughout the study compared to the control group.	Paraquat	147-149	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	34-45
19272247-6	2008	RESULTS: The TGF-beta(1) protein, TGF-beta(1) and MMP-2 mRNA expression were increased significantly in the earlier stage and then decreased after PQ administration (P &lt; 0.05 or P &lt; 0.01), while the mRNA level of TIMP-1 was augmented continuously (P &lt; 0.01) throughout the study compared to the control group.	Paraquat	147-149	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	50-55
19272247-6	2008	RESULTS: The TGF-beta(1) protein, TGF-beta(1) and MMP-2 mRNA expression were increased significantly in the earlier stage and then decreased after PQ administration (P &lt; 0.05 or P &lt; 0.01), while the mRNA level of TIMP-1 was augmented continuously (P &lt; 0.01) throughout the study compared to the control group.	Paraquat	147-149	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	219-225
19272247-7	2008	In comparison with the PQ group, in the PDTC treatment group, the TGF-beta(1) mRNA expression on the 3rd and the 14th day, 0.54 +/- 0.08 and 0.72 +/- 0.04 respectively, the MMP-2 mRNA expression on the 7th and 14th day, 1.62 +/- 0.50 and 1.97 +/- 0.34 respective-ly, and the TIMP-1 mRNA on the 7th and 21st day, 1.79 +/- 0.21 and 2.00 +/- 0.34 respectively, were significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05 or P &lt; 0.01).	Paraquat	23-25	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	66-77
19272247-8	2008	CONCLUSION: PDTC could attenuate paraquat-induced up-regulation of TGF-beta(1) and its mRNA expression, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 mRNA levels, which indicates that PDTC may exert its protective effects on paraquat-induced pulmonary damage by alleviating the earlier inflammation damage and adjust-ing the balance between MMPs and TIMPs.	Paraquat	33-41	transforming growth factor, beta 1	Rattus norvegicus	67-78
19272247-8	2008	CONCLUSION: PDTC could attenuate paraquat-induced up-regulation of TGF-beta(1) and its mRNA expression, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 mRNA levels, which indicates that PDTC may exert its protective effects on paraquat-induced pulmonary damage by alleviating the earlier inflammation damage and adjust-ing the balance between MMPs and TIMPs.	Paraquat	33-41	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	104-109
19272247-8	2008	CONCLUSION: PDTC could attenuate paraquat-induced up-regulation of TGF-beta(1) and its mRNA expression, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 mRNA levels, which indicates that PDTC may exert its protective effects on paraquat-induced pulmonary damage by alleviating the earlier inflammation damage and adjust-ing the balance between MMPs and TIMPs.	Paraquat	33-41	TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1	Rattus norvegicus	114-120
19272247-8	2008	CONCLUSION: PDTC could attenuate paraquat-induced up-regulation of TGF-beta(1) and its mRNA expression, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 mRNA levels, which indicates that PDTC may exert its protective effects on paraquat-induced pulmonary damage by alleviating the earlier inflammation damage and adjust-ing the balance between MMPs and TIMPs.	Paraquat	33-41	matrix metallopeptidase 2	Rattus norvegicus	312-316
18657183-0	2008	Cyclooxygenase-2 deficiency modifies the neurochemical effects, motor impairment and co-morbid anxiety provoked by paraquat administration in mice.	Paraquat	115-123	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	0-16
18657183-6	2008	Conversely, COX-2 deficiency enhanced the impact of paraquat upon indices of anxiety (open field exploration) and on serotonergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic alterations within two brain regions implicated in stressor-related pathologies, namely the dorsal hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex.	Paraquat	52-60	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	12-17
18657183-9	2008	It is possible that COX-2 may play a dual role by contributing to the motor impairment induced by paraquat, but acting to moderate the effects of paraquat upon processes aligned with anxiety and depression.	Paraquat	98-106	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	20-25
18657183-9	2008	It is possible that COX-2 may play a dual role by contributing to the motor impairment induced by paraquat, but acting to moderate the effects of paraquat upon processes aligned with anxiety and depression.	Paraquat	146-154	prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Mus musculus	20-25
18502748-5	2008	We found that exposure of RPE cells to H(2)O(2), paraquat, or A2E-mediated photooxidation resulted in increased expression and secretion of IL-8.	Paraquat	49-57	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8	Homo sapiens	140-144
18620719-6	2008	Paraquat treatment also resulted in increased expression of HO-1, Cu,Zn-SOD, catalase, GSTP1, GSTA3 and GSTA4.	Paraquat	0-8	heme oxygenase 1	Mus musculus	60-64
18620719-6	2008	Paraquat treatment also resulted in increased expression of HO-1, Cu,Zn-SOD, catalase, GSTP1, GSTA3 and GSTA4.	Paraquat	0-8	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	66-75
18620719-6	2008	Paraquat treatment also resulted in increased expression of HO-1, Cu,Zn-SOD, catalase, GSTP1, GSTA3 and GSTA4.	Paraquat	0-8	catalase	Mus musculus	77-85
18620719-6	2008	Paraquat treatment also resulted in increased expression of HO-1, Cu,Zn-SOD, catalase, GSTP1, GSTA3 and GSTA4.	Paraquat	0-8	glutathione S-transferase, pi 1	Mus musculus	87-92
18620719-6	2008	Paraquat treatment also resulted in increased expression of HO-1, Cu,Zn-SOD, catalase, GSTP1, GSTA3 and GSTA4.	Paraquat	0-8	glutathione S-transferase, alpha 3	Mus musculus	94-99
18620719-6	2008	Paraquat treatment also resulted in increased expression of HO-1, Cu,Zn-SOD, catalase, GSTP1, GSTA3 and GSTA4.	Paraquat	0-8	glutathione S-transferase, alpha 4	Mus musculus	104-109
18620719-8	2008	In contrast, expression of GSTA1-2 was significantly greater in differentiated relative to undifferentiated cells after paraquat treatment.	Paraquat	120-128	glutathione S-transferase, alpha 1 (Ya)	Mus musculus	27-34
18682529-3	2008	We demonstrate herein that shRNA lentiviral-mediated XRCC1 knockdown in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells results in a largely selective increase in sensitivity of the nondividing (i.e. terminally differentiated) cell population to the redox-cycling agents, menadione and paraquat; this reduced survival was accompanied by an accumulation of DNA strand breaks.	Paraquat	272-280	X-ray repair cross complementing 1	Homo sapiens	53-58
18538428-6	2008	Moreover, Drosophila fed with (1-200 microM) SP600125, a specific inhibitor of the stress responsive Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling, and 20 mM PQ increased survival percentage and movement function (i.e., climbing capability) when compared to flies only treated with PQ.	Paraquat	150-152	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	101-122
18538428-6	2008	Moreover, Drosophila fed with (1-200 microM) SP600125, a specific inhibitor of the stress responsive Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling, and 20 mM PQ increased survival percentage and movement function (i.e., climbing capability) when compared to flies only treated with PQ.	Paraquat	150-152	basket	Drosophila melanogaster	124-127
18027101-7	2008	Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was also increased in MV-treated SN plants.	Paraquat	58-60	L-ascorbate peroxidase 1, cytosolic-like	Solanum tuberosum	0-20
18027101-7	2008	Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was also increased in MV-treated SN plants.	Paraquat	58-60	L-ascorbate peroxidase 1, cytosolic-like	Solanum tuberosum	22-25
18436336-6	2008	Paraquat induced catalase (CAT) activity at low concentrations (1 microM), whereas at higher concentrations, inhibition was observed.	Paraquat	0-8	LOC102577773	Solanum tuberosum	17-25
18436336-6	2008	Paraquat induced catalase (CAT) activity at low concentrations (1 microM), whereas at higher concentrations, inhibition was observed.	Paraquat	0-8	LOC102577773	Solanum tuberosum	27-30
18436336-10	2008	Paraquat slightly inhibited glutathione S-transferase (GST), whereas 2,4-D and dicamba promoted significant activation.	Paraquat	0-8	glutathione S-transferase	Solanum tuberosum	28-53
18436336-10	2008	Paraquat slightly inhibited glutathione S-transferase (GST), whereas 2,4-D and dicamba promoted significant activation.	Paraquat	0-8	glutathione S-transferase	Solanum tuberosum	55-58
18335519-5	2008	PKCdelta played a central role in the paraquat-induced glial cell death: (1) the PKCdelta-specific inhibitor rottlerin blocked paraquat-induced glial cell death; (2) paraquat induced tyrosine and threonine phosphorylation of PKCdelta; and (3) transfection of the dominant-negative mutant of PKCdelta attenuated paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	38-46	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	81-89
18335519-5	2008	PKCdelta played a central role in the paraquat-induced glial cell death: (1) the PKCdelta-specific inhibitor rottlerin blocked paraquat-induced glial cell death; (2) paraquat induced tyrosine and threonine phosphorylation of PKCdelta; and (3) transfection of the dominant-negative mutant of PKCdelta attenuated paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	38-46	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	81-89
18335519-6	2008	PKCdelta was also involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which mediated the paraquat toxicity.	Paraquat	98-106	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	0-8
18335519-9	2008	Last, Rac1 appeared to antagonize paraquat toxicity in glia.	Paraquat	34-42	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	6-10
18335519-10	2008	These results indicate a gliotoxic effect of paraquat and an opposing role of PKCdelta and Rac1 in paraquat-induced glial cell death.	Paraquat	99-107	protein kinase C delta	Homo sapiens	78-86
18335519-10	2008	These results indicate a gliotoxic effect of paraquat and an opposing role of PKCdelta and Rac1 in paraquat-induced glial cell death.	Paraquat	99-107	Rac family small GTPase 1	Homo sapiens	91-95
18408008-2	2008	We found that AAK-2 was phosphorylated at threonine 243 in response to paraquat treatment and that this phosphorylation depends on PAR-4, the C. elegans LKB1 homologue.	Paraquat	71-79	5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2	Caenorhabditis elegans	14-19
18266926-4	2008	We recently reported that PQ induces neuronal apoptosis through Bak activation, in contrast to MPP(+), the toxic metabolite of MPTP, which relies on Bax and p53.	Paraquat	26-28	BCL2 antagonist/killer 1	Homo sapiens	64-67
18266926-4	2008	We recently reported that PQ induces neuronal apoptosis through Bak activation, in contrast to MPP(+), the toxic metabolite of MPTP, which relies on Bax and p53.	Paraquat	26-28	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	157-160
18365879-0	2008	Paraquat induces apoptosis in human lymphocytes: protective and rescue effects of glucose, cannabinoids and insulin-like growth factor-1.	Paraquat	0-8	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	108-136
18443422-7	2008	Interestingly, upon treatment with methyl viologen (MV, paraquat), ugt71c1-1 plants displayed enhanced resistance to oxidative stress, and ROS scavenging activity was higher than normal.	Paraquat	35-50	UDP-glucosyl transferase 71C1	Arabidopsis thaliana	67-74
18443422-9	2008	In addition, when exposed to MV-induced oxidative stress, eight representative ROS response genes were expressed at lower levels in ugt71c1-1 plants, indicating that ugt71c1-1 probably has higher non-enzymatic antioxidant activity.	Paraquat	29-31	UDP-glucosyl transferase 71C1	Arabidopsis thaliana	132-139
18443422-9	2008	In addition, when exposed to MV-induced oxidative stress, eight representative ROS response genes were expressed at lower levels in ugt71c1-1 plants, indicating that ugt71c1-1 probably has higher non-enzymatic antioxidant activity.	Paraquat	29-31	UDP-glucosyl transferase 71C1	Arabidopsis thaliana	166-173
18319614-6	2008	Neurones harboring the A4V, G93A, G85R, and D90A mutants of PEP-1-SOD were more vulnerable to oxidative stress induced by paraquat than those harboring wild-type proteins.	Paraquat	122-130	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	66-69
18083318-5	2008	Here we show that adipose tissue-specific PPARgamma heterozygous mice, which exhibit significant improvement in insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, show increased resistance to paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	181-189	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Mus musculus	42-51
18083318-5	2008	Here we show that adipose tissue-specific PPARgamma heterozygous mice, which exhibit significant improvement in insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, show increased resistance to paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	181-189	insulin	Homo sapiens	112-119
18630695-0	2008	[Study on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in lung fibroblasts of rat with acute paraquat poisoning].	Paraquat	93-101	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Rattus norvegicus	28-54
18056701-0	2008	Paraquat neurotoxicity is mediated by a Bak-dependent mechanism.	Paraquat	0-8	BCL2-antagonist/killer 1	Mus musculus	40-43
18056701-2	2008	Oxidative stress, c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation, and alpha-synuclein aggregation are each induced by PQ, but details of the cell death mechanisms involved remain unclear.	Paraquat	106-108	synuclein, alpha	Mus musculus	58-73
18056701-3	2008	We have identified a Bak-dependent cell death mechanism that is required for PQ-induced neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	77-79	BCL2-antagonist/killer 1	Mus musculus	21-24
18056701-4	2008	PQ induced morphological and biochemical features that were consistent with apoptosis, including dose-dependent cytochrome c release, with subsequent caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage.	Paraquat	0-2	caspase 3	Mus musculus	150-159
18056701-4	2008	PQ induced morphological and biochemical features that were consistent with apoptosis, including dose-dependent cytochrome c release, with subsequent caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage.	Paraquat	0-2	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 1	Mus musculus	164-191
18056701-6	2008	Evaluation of Bcl-2 family members showed that PQ induced high levels of Bak, Bid, BNip3, and Noxa.	Paraquat	47-49	B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2	Mus musculus	14-19
18056701-6	2008	Evaluation of Bcl-2 family members showed that PQ induced high levels of Bak, Bid, BNip3, and Noxa.	Paraquat	47-49	BCL2-antagonist/killer 1	Mus musculus	73-76
18056701-6	2008	Evaluation of Bcl-2 family members showed that PQ induced high levels of Bak, Bid, BNip3, and Noxa.	Paraquat	47-49	BH3 interacting domain death agonist	Mus musculus	78-81
18056701-6	2008	Evaluation of Bcl-2 family members showed that PQ induced high levels of Bak, Bid, BNip3, and Noxa.	Paraquat	47-49	BCL2/adenovirus E1B interacting protein 3	Mus musculus	83-88
18056701-6	2008	Evaluation of Bcl-2 family members showed that PQ induced high levels of Bak, Bid, BNip3, and Noxa.	Paraquat	47-49	phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1	Mus musculus	94-98
18056701-8	2008	Finally, we tested the sensitivity of Bak-deficient mice and found them to be resistant to PQ treatments that depleted tyrosine hydroxylase immuno-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of wild-type mice.	Paraquat	91-93	BCL2-antagonist/killer 1	Mus musculus	38-41
18235974-6	2008	In addition, our data provide direct evidence that MnTDM suppressed PQ-induced caspase-3 cleavage, possibly a key event of PQ neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	68-70	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	79-88
18235974-6	2008	In addition, our data provide direct evidence that MnTDM suppressed PQ-induced caspase-3 cleavage, possibly a key event of PQ neurotoxicity.	Paraquat	123-125	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	79-88
17901115-9	2008	To investigate the function of GSTO-1 in vivo, transgenic animals overexpressing GSTO-1 were generated exhibiting an increased resistance to juglone-, paraquat-, and cumene hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	151-159	Glutathione transferase omega-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	81-87
18365879-7	2008	To elucidate the mechanism of cytoprotection, lymphocytes were treated with PQ in the presence of cannabinoids, insulin-like growth factor-1 and glucose.	Paraquat	76-78	insulin like growth factor 1	Homo sapiens	112-140
18365879-8	2008	We provide evidence that PQ induces apoptosis in lymphocytes in a concentration- and time-dependent fashion by an oxidative stress mechanism involving O(2)( radical - ), H(2)O(2)/(( radical)OH) generation, simultaneous activation of NF-kappaB/p53/c-Jun transcription factors, mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3 activation leading to morphological apoptosis.	Paraquat	25-27	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	243-246
18365879-8	2008	We provide evidence that PQ induces apoptosis in lymphocytes in a concentration- and time-dependent fashion by an oxidative stress mechanism involving O(2)( radical - ), H(2)O(2)/(( radical)OH) generation, simultaneous activation of NF-kappaB/p53/c-Jun transcription factors, mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3 activation leading to morphological apoptosis.	Paraquat	25-27	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	247-252
18365879-8	2008	We provide evidence that PQ induces apoptosis in lymphocytes in a concentration- and time-dependent fashion by an oxidative stress mechanism involving O(2)( radical - ), H(2)O(2)/(( radical)OH) generation, simultaneous activation of NF-kappaB/p53/c-Jun transcription factors, mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3 activation leading to morphological apoptosis.	Paraquat	25-27	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	309-318
18365879-10	2008	It is concluded that PQ-induced apoptosis in lymphocytes by a mechanism involving reactive oxygen species generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, transcriptional factors and caspase-3 activation.	Paraquat	21-23	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	173-182
18836921-5	2008	Our analysis of apoptotic process through microarray technology showed that in PQ-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, there is a different expression of BIK, CASP3, CASP7, CRADD, DAPK, FAS, and other related genes, in comparison to unstimulated cells.	Paraquat	79-81	BCL2 interacting killer	Homo sapiens	154-157
17996020-9	2008	Furthermore, mutations in the SOS1 gene render sos1 mutants more tolerant to paraquat, a non-selective herbicide causing oxidative stress, indicating that SOS1 plays negative roles in tolerance of oxidative stress.	Paraquat	77-85	sodium proton exchanger, putative (NHX7) (SOS1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	30-34
17996020-9	2008	Furthermore, mutations in the SOS1 gene render sos1 mutants more tolerant to paraquat, a non-selective herbicide causing oxidative stress, indicating that SOS1 plays negative roles in tolerance of oxidative stress.	Paraquat	77-85	sodium proton exchanger, putative (NHX7) (SOS1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	47-51
17996020-9	2008	Furthermore, mutations in the SOS1 gene render sos1 mutants more tolerant to paraquat, a non-selective herbicide causing oxidative stress, indicating that SOS1 plays negative roles in tolerance of oxidative stress.	Paraquat	77-85	sodium proton exchanger, putative (NHX7) (SOS1)	Arabidopsis thaliana	155-159
17174135-9	2008	CONCLUSIONS: The elevation of serum CC16 with paraquat toxicity is probably mainly related to a reduced renal clearance.	Paraquat	46-54	secretoglobin family 1A member 1	Homo sapiens	36-40
18253895-0	2008	Paraquat-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells: involvement of p53 and mitochondria.	Paraquat	0-8	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	80-83
18253895-4	2008	Based on reported evidence that paraquat increases p53 protein levels and inhibits mitochondrial function, it was hypothesized that paraquat induces cell death in dopaminergic neurons through a mechanism in which p53 and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway are linked.	Paraquat	32-40	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	51-54
18253895-4	2008	Based on reported evidence that paraquat increases p53 protein levels and inhibits mitochondrial function, it was hypothesized that paraquat induces cell death in dopaminergic neurons through a mechanism in which p53 and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway are linked.	Paraquat	32-40	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	213-216
18253895-4	2008	Based on reported evidence that paraquat increases p53 protein levels and inhibits mitochondrial function, it was hypothesized that paraquat induces cell death in dopaminergic neurons through a mechanism in which p53 and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway are linked.	Paraquat	132-140	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	51-54
18253895-4	2008	Based on reported evidence that paraquat increases p53 protein levels and inhibits mitochondrial function, it was hypothesized that paraquat induces cell death in dopaminergic neurons through a mechanism in which p53 and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway are linked.	Paraquat	132-140	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	213-216
18253895-7	2008	By 24 h, paraquat decreased mitochondrial complex I activity and mitochondrial transmembrane potential and induced the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria.	Paraquat	9-17	cytochrome c, somatic	Homo sapiens	130-142
18253895-8	2008	In addition, paraquat increased the activities of caspases 9 and 3.	Paraquat	13-21	caspase 9	Homo sapiens	50-66
18253895-11	2008	These findings support the conclusion that paraquat produced apoptosis in SY5Y cells through the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway associated with p53.	Paraquat	43-51	tumor protein p53	Homo sapiens	145-148
18836921-5	2008	Our analysis of apoptotic process through microarray technology showed that in PQ-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, there is a different expression of BIK, CASP3, CASP7, CRADD, DAPK, FAS, and other related genes, in comparison to unstimulated cells.	Paraquat	79-81	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	159-164
18836921-5	2008	Our analysis of apoptotic process through microarray technology showed that in PQ-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, there is a different expression of BIK, CASP3, CASP7, CRADD, DAPK, FAS, and other related genes, in comparison to unstimulated cells.	Paraquat	79-81	caspase 7	Homo sapiens	166-171
18836921-5	2008	Our analysis of apoptotic process through microarray technology showed that in PQ-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, there is a different expression of BIK, CASP3, CASP7, CRADD, DAPK, FAS, and other related genes, in comparison to unstimulated cells.	Paraquat	79-81	CASP2 and RIPK1 domain containing adaptor with death domain	Homo sapiens	173-178
18836921-5	2008	Our analysis of apoptotic process through microarray technology showed that in PQ-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, there is a different expression of BIK, CASP3, CASP7, CRADD, DAPK, FAS, and other related genes, in comparison to unstimulated cells.	Paraquat	79-81	death associated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	180-184
17935786-5	2008	Paraquat induced the expression of Mn- and CuZn SOD, catalase and decreases the expression of c-jun (a part of AP-1).	Paraquat	0-8	catalase	Homo sapiens	53-61
18773310-8	2008	p23, a small co-chaperone protein, is cleaved during ER stress-induced cell death triggered by paraquat and blockage of the caspase cleavage site of p23 was associated with decreased cell death.	Paraquat	95-103	prostaglandin E synthase 3	Homo sapiens	0-3
17935786-5	2008	Paraquat induced the expression of Mn- and CuZn SOD, catalase and decreases the expression of c-jun (a part of AP-1).	Paraquat	0-8	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Homo sapiens	94-99
17891400-0	2008	Bcl-xL transformed peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) exhibits paraquat tolerance.	Paraquat	57-65	BCL2 like 1	Homo sapiens	0-6
18073424-3	2007	Furthermore, although disruption of sod-1 or -2 expression produces numerous phenotypes, including increased sensitivity to paraquat and increased oxidative damage to proteins (except in daf-2 mutants), this fails to shorten the life span of these long-lived mutants.	Paraquat	124-132	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	Caenorhabditis elegans	36-47
17964427-3	2007	SKN-1 localizes to the nucleus and directs transcription following exposure to paraquat, heat, hyperbaric oxygen, and sodium azide.	Paraquat	79-87	BZIP domain-containing protein;Protein skinhead-1	Caenorhabditis elegans	0-5
17662968-0	2007	Cytotoxicity of paraquat in microglial cells: Involvement of PKCdelta- and ERK1/2-dependent NADPH oxidase.	Paraquat	16-24	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	61-69
17935603-5	2007	Double transgenic mice with doxycycline-inducible expression of GDNF in the retina were exposed to paraquat, FeSO(4), or hyperoxia, all sources of oxidative damage and retinal cell death.	Paraquat	99-107	glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor	Mus musculus	64-68
19093460-8	2007	More interestingly, E. coli expressing hMnSOD provides resistance against oxidative stress induced by the herbicide paraquat up to 1.2 mM.	Paraquat	116-124	superoxide dismutase 2	Homo sapiens	39-45
17823202-3	2007	To simulate the interaction of genetic factors and environmental factors, we treated DJ-1-deficient mice with paraquat.	Paraquat	110-118	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	85-89
17823202-6	2007	DJ-1-deficient mice treated with paraquat showed decreased proteasome activities and increased ubiquitinated protein levels.	Paraquat	33-41	Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7	Mus musculus	0-4
17979500-5	2007	MTT assay revealed that in vitro IGF-1 treatment significantly sensitized paraquat-induced cell death in both C57 and LID groups, with significantly better cell viability in LID cardiomyocytes.	Paraquat	74-82	insulin-like growth factor 1	Mus musculus	33-38
17712041-8	2007	In the second model, anti-PECAM/SOD at the optimal dose provided complete protection against necrosis caused by paraquat-induced intracellular superoxide generation.	Paraquat	112-120	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	32-35
17934957-13	2007	Paraquat also increased levels of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitinated proteins, suggesting that paraquat-induced proteasome dysfunction leads to aberrant protein accumulation.	Paraquat	0-8	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	34-49
17934957-13	2007	Paraquat also increased levels of alpha-synuclein and ubiquitinated proteins, suggesting that paraquat-induced proteasome dysfunction leads to aberrant protein accumulation.	Paraquat	94-102	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	34-49
17662968-8	2007	The inhibitors for protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta) or extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) could partially attenuate paraquat-induced ROS production and cell death.	Paraquat	130-138	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	19-41
17662968-8	2007	The inhibitors for protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta) or extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) could partially attenuate paraquat-induced ROS production and cell death.	Paraquat	130-138	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	43-51
17662968-8	2007	The inhibitors for protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta) or extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) could partially attenuate paraquat-induced ROS production and cell death.	Paraquat	130-138	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	96-102
17662968-9	2007	Rottlerin, a selective PKCdelta inhibitor, also inhibited paraquat-induced translocation of p67phox.	Paraquat	58-66	protein kinase C, delta	Mus musculus	23-31
17662968-9	2007	Rottlerin, a selective PKCdelta inhibitor, also inhibited paraquat-induced translocation of p67phox.	Paraquat	58-66	neutrophil cytosolic factor 2	Mus musculus	92-99
17662968-0	2007	Cytotoxicity of paraquat in microglial cells: Involvement of PKCdelta- and ERK1/2-dependent NADPH oxidase.	Paraquat	16-24	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Mus musculus	75-81
17509817-4	2007	Moreover, EGb761 pretreatment evidently increased the numbers of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive and bcl-2 positive cells and degraded the number of caspase-3 positive cells in PQ-injured PC12 cells, in comparison to the treatment with PQ alone.	Paraquat	180-182	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	152-161
17997886-0	2007	[Increased expression of placenta growth factor in lung tissue of paraquat-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis model].	Paraquat	66-74	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	25-47
17997886-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dynamic expression of placenta growth factor (PLGF) in the lungs with paraquat (PQ)-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	100-108	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	52-74
17997886-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dynamic expression of placenta growth factor (PLGF) in the lungs with paraquat (PQ)-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	100-108	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	76-80
17997886-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dynamic expression of placenta growth factor (PLGF) in the lungs with paraquat (PQ)-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	110-112	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	52-74
17997886-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dynamic expression of placenta growth factor (PLGF) in the lungs with paraquat (PQ)-induced pulmonary fibrosis.	Paraquat	110-112	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	76-80
17997886-10	2007	Further study showed that PLGF mRNA on day 7, 14 and 28 (1.28 +/- 0.29, 0.80 +/- 0.07, 0.65 +/- 0.13) and positive index of protein expression (2.27 +/- 0.34, 1.78 +/- 0.41, 1.25 +/- 0.69) in the PQ group were all upregulated as compared with those of the control group.	Paraquat	196-198	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	26-30
17997886-11	2007	CONCLUSION: The PLGF expression in the lung tissue in rats with paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis is upregulated.	Paraquat	64-72	placental growth factor	Rattus norvegicus	16-20
17561093-5	2007	PQ-exposed rats suffered a time-dependent increase of caspase-3 and caspase-8 and a decrease of caspase-1 activities in lungs compared to the control group.	Paraquat	0-2	caspase 3	Rattus norvegicus	54-63
17561093-5	2007	PQ-exposed rats suffered a time-dependent increase of caspase-3 and caspase-8 and a decrease of caspase-1 activities in lungs compared to the control group.	Paraquat	0-2	caspase 8	Rattus norvegicus	68-77
17561093-5	2007	PQ-exposed rats suffered a time-dependent increase of caspase-3 and caspase-8 and a decrease of caspase-1 activities in lungs compared to the control group.	Paraquat	0-2	caspase 1	Rattus norvegicus	96-105
17561093-7	2007	In addition, fluorescence electrophoretic mobility shift assay (fEMSA) revealed a transcriptional induction of the p53 and AP-1 transcription factors in a time-dependent manner as a consequence of PQ exposure.	Paraquat	197-199	Wistar clone pR53P1 p53 pseudogene	Rattus norvegicus	115-118
17561093-7	2007	In addition, fluorescence electrophoretic mobility shift assay (fEMSA) revealed a transcriptional induction of the p53 and AP-1 transcription factors in a time-dependent manner as a consequence of PQ exposure.	Paraquat	197-199	Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit	Rattus norvegicus	123-127
16690168-2	2007	Compared with WT, Atnos1 mutant plants showed increased hypersensitivity to salt stress and methyl viologen (MV) treatment.	Paraquat	92-107	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	18-24
17265423-3	2007	This study examined the effects of two angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, captopril and enalapril, on paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats, through biochemical and histopathological parameters.	Paraquat	109-117	angiotensin I converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus	39-68
17654339-0	2007	Molecular modelling and enzymatic studies of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase recognition with paraquat and related compounds.	Paraquat	109-117	acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group)	Homo sapiens	45-65
17654339-0	2007	Molecular modelling and enzymatic studies of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase recognition with paraquat and related compounds.	Paraquat	109-117	butyrylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens	70-91
17403566-4	2007	The response of paraquat at NP-CPE related to: the concentration of this herbicide, preconcentration time, natural phosphate loading and measuring solution pH, was investigated.	Paraquat	16-24	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	31-34
17493592-8	2007	Three days after the last paraquat injection 24-35% decreases in the proenkephalin mRNA levels and 5-7% reduction in glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)67 mRNA were found in the caudate-putamen.	Paraquat	26-34	glutamate decarboxylase 1	Rattus norvegicus	146-152
17403566-1	2007	A square wave voltammetry (SWV) method for the determination of trace amounts of paraquat at carbon paste electrode modified with natural phosphate (NP-CPE) is proposed.	Paraquat	81-89	carboxypeptidase E	Homo sapiens	152-155
16690168-2	2007	Compared with WT, Atnos1 mutant plants showed increased hypersensitivity to salt stress and methyl viologen (MV) treatment.	Paraquat	109-111	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein	Arabidopsis thaliana	18-24
17481832-5	2007	Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of multiple low doses of PQ on the liver function and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities including CYP1A1, 2E1, and 3A4, and to correlate the effects with its tissue accumulation.	Paraquat	84-86	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	165-171
17341480-7	2007	Furthermore, the cells treated with PQ showed an increase of the long-lived protein degradation which is blocked in the presence of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine and regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling.	Paraquat	36-38	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	193-222
17341480-7	2007	Furthermore, the cells treated with PQ showed an increase of the long-lived protein degradation which is blocked in the presence of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine and regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling.	Paraquat	36-38	mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase	Homo sapiens	224-228
17446436-7	2007	Moderate overexpression of Sirt1 protected the heart from oxidative stress induced by paraquat, with increased expression of antioxidants, such as catalase, through forkhead box O (FoxO)-dependent mechanisms, whereas high levels of Sirt1 increased oxidative stress in the heart at baseline.	Paraquat	86-94	sirtuin 1	Mus musculus	27-32
17481832-10	2007	Of all the xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes being studied, only the activity of CYP1A1-related 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase was reduced following the highest dose of PQ administration.	Paraquat	167-169	cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	Rattus norvegicus	79-85
17055214-0	2007	Paraquat-induced oxidative stress and dysfunction of cellular redox systems including antioxidative defense enzymes glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase.	Paraquat	0-8	peroxiredoxin 5	Homo sapiens	143-164
17324951-0	2007	Activation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase is a common mechanism underlying paraquat- and rotenone-induced dopaminergic cell apoptosis.	Paraquat	79-87	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	14-45
17324951-6	2007	The selective ability of paraquat and rotenone to induce apoptosis in different cell lines correlates with their ability to activate c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases.	Paraquat	25-33	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	133-164
17324951-6	2007	The selective ability of paraquat and rotenone to induce apoptosis in different cell lines correlates with their ability to activate c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases.	Paraquat	25-33	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	166-169
17324951-6	2007	The selective ability of paraquat and rotenone to induce apoptosis in different cell lines correlates with their ability to activate c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases.	Paraquat	25-33	mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Homo sapiens	175-178
17324951-10	2007	However, JNK but not p38 plays a role in paraquat-induced loss of primary cultured dopaminergic neurons.	Paraquat	41-49	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	9-12
17324951-11	2007	Our data identify JNK activation as a common mechanism underlying dopaminergic cell death induced by both paraquat and rotenone in model cell lines and primary cultures.	Paraquat	106-114	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	18-21
17055214-1	2007	We examined if paraquat-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells are associated with cellular redox systems such as the glutathione system and the thioredoxin system.	Paraquat	15-23	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	193-204
17055214-2	2007	Loss of viability, accompanied by marked decreases in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and thioredoxin reductase activities, occurred 48 h after exposure to 1mM paraquat.	Paraquat	177-185	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	54-94
17055214-2	2007	Loss of viability, accompanied by marked decreases in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and thioredoxin reductase activities, occurred 48 h after exposure to 1mM paraquat.	Paraquat	177-185	glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	96-101
17055214-2	2007	Loss of viability, accompanied by marked decreases in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and thioredoxin reductase activities, occurred 48 h after exposure to 1mM paraquat.	Paraquat	177-185	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	107-118
17535659-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of cytokine interleukin IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) occurred in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats and to investigate the mechanism of acute lung injury caused by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	139-147	interleukin 1 beta	Rattus norvegicus	57-66
17535659-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of cytokine interleukin IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) occurred in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats and to investigate the mechanism of acute lung injury caused by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	139-147	interleukin 6	Rattus norvegicus	68-72
17535659-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of cytokine interleukin IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) occurred in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats and to investigate the mechanism of acute lung injury caused by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	139-147	interleukin 10	Rattus norvegicus	74-79
17535659-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of cytokine interleukin IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) occurred in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats and to investigate the mechanism of acute lung injury caused by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	139-147	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	81-108
17535659-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of cytokine interleukin IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) occurred in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats and to investigate the mechanism of acute lung injury caused by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	139-147	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	110-119
17535659-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of cytokine interleukin IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) occurred in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats and to investigate the mechanism of acute lung injury caused by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	149-151	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	81-108
17535659-1	2007	OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of cytokine interleukin IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) occurred in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning rats and to investigate the mechanism of acute lung injury caused by paraquat (PQ) poisoning.	Paraquat	149-151	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	110-119
17229725-0	2007	Paraquat increases cyanide-insensitive respiration in murine lung epithelial cells by activating an NAD(P)H:paraquat oxidoreductase: identification of the enzyme as thioredoxin reductase.	Paraquat	0-8	peroxiredoxin 5	Mus musculus	165-186
17213664-5	2007	Paraquat (PQ) and H2O2 inhibited insulin-dependent repression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression.	Paraquat	0-8	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-109
17215068-11	2007	On the other hand, the genes involved in the development of fibrosis, such as procollagen, Fn1, Eln, SMA, and Mmp9, Timp1 were significantly increased on day 5, not at 6h nor at 24h, after PQ treatment (the late marker).	Paraquat	189-191	fibronectin 1	Mus musculus	91-94
17215068-11	2007	On the other hand, the genes involved in the development of fibrosis, such as procollagen, Fn1, Eln, SMA, and Mmp9, Timp1 were significantly increased on day 5, not at 6h nor at 24h, after PQ treatment (the late marker).	Paraquat	189-191	matrix metallopeptidase 9	Mus musculus	110-114
17215068-11	2007	On the other hand, the genes involved in the development of fibrosis, such as procollagen, Fn1, Eln, SMA, and Mmp9, Timp1 were significantly increased on day 5, not at 6h nor at 24h, after PQ treatment (the late marker).	Paraquat	189-191	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1	Mus musculus	116-121
17213664-5	2007	Paraquat (PQ) and H2O2 inhibited insulin-dependent repression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression.	Paraquat	0-8	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	111-118
17213664-5	2007	Paraquat (PQ) and H2O2 inhibited insulin-dependent repression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression.	Paraquat	0-8	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-157
17213664-5	2007	Paraquat (PQ) and H2O2 inhibited insulin-dependent repression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression.	Paraquat	0-8	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-164
17213664-5	2007	Paraquat (PQ) and H2O2 inhibited insulin-dependent repression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression.	Paraquat	10-12	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	65-109
17213664-5	2007	Paraquat (PQ) and H2O2 inhibited insulin-dependent repression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression.	Paraquat	10-12	insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1	Rattus norvegicus	111-118
17213664-5	2007	Paraquat (PQ) and H2O2 inhibited insulin-dependent repression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression.	Paraquat	10-12	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	124-157
17213664-5	2007	Paraquat (PQ) and H2O2 inhibited insulin-dependent repression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene expression.	Paraquat	10-12	phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1	Rattus norvegicus	159-164
17018646-0	2007	Divergent mechanisms of paraquat, MPP+, and rotenone toxicity: oxidation of thioredoxin and caspase-3 activation.	Paraquat	24-32	thioredoxin	Homo sapiens	76-87
18074631-8	2007	Cells lacking PGC1alpha are hypersensitive to death from oxidative stress caused by H2O2 or paraquat.	Paraquat	92-100	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Sus scrofa	14-23
18269170-8	2007	Cells lacking PGC1alpha are hypersensitive to death from oxidative stress caused by H2O2 or paraquat.	Paraquat	92-100	PPARG coactivator 1 alpha	Sus scrofa	14-23
16999955-8	2007	In addition, dopaminergic cells release and utilize VIP to mediate survival when challenged with paraquat.	Paraquat	97-105	vasoactive intestinal peptide	Homo sapiens	52-55
16896792-6	2007	Whereas G6PDH and 6PGDH activities remained unchanged, a remarkable induction of ICDH gene expression and a dramatic increase of the ICDH activity was observed during the PQ treatment.	Paraquat	171-173	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase	Homo sapiens	8-13
17018646-0	2007	Divergent mechanisms of paraquat, MPP+, and rotenone toxicity: oxidation of thioredoxin and caspase-3 activation.	Paraquat	24-32	caspase 3	Homo sapiens	92-101
16972253-1	2006	The largest isoform of the Shc adapter protein, p66Shc, has been implicated in oxidative damage-induced apoptosis in vital organs, because mice deficient in p66Shc have a 30% increase in life span and are resistant to the lethal effects of systemically administered paraquat, a source of severe oxidative damage.	Paraquat	266-274	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	27-30
16972253-1	2006	The largest isoform of the Shc adapter protein, p66Shc, has been implicated in oxidative damage-induced apoptosis in vital organs, because mice deficient in p66Shc have a 30% increase in life span and are resistant to the lethal effects of systemically administered paraquat, a source of severe oxidative damage.	Paraquat	266-274	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	48-54
16972253-1	2006	The largest isoform of the Shc adapter protein, p66Shc, has been implicated in oxidative damage-induced apoptosis in vital organs, because mice deficient in p66Shc have a 30% increase in life span and are resistant to the lethal effects of systemically administered paraquat, a source of severe oxidative damage.	Paraquat	266-274	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	157-163
16972253-6	2006	Compared to eyes injected with GFP siRNA, those injected with p66Shc siRNA showed less loss of retinal function as assessed by electroretinograms from paraquat-induced oxidative stress.	Paraquat	151-159	src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1	Mus musculus	62-68
17235729-9	2006	We also observed significant decreases in pulmonary fibrosis in Group PZ compared with Group P. These findings suggest that GTE inhibits paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by suppression of oxidative stress and ET-1 expression.	Paraquat	137-145	endothelin 1	Rattus norvegicus	212-216
16956706-2	2006	The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single high dose DEX administration, which induces de novo synthesis of P-gp, in the histological and biochemical parameters in lung, liver, kidney and spleen of acute PQ-intoxicated rats.	Paraquat	232-234	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	136-140
16956706-11	2006	In addition, MPO activity increased in the spleen of PQ+DEX group and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity, a biomarker of renal tubular proximal damage, also augmented in this group.	Paraquat	53-55	myeloperoxidase	Rattus norvegicus	13-16
17015168-0	2006	P-glycoprotein induction: an antidotal pathway for paraquat-induced lung toxicity.	Paraquat	51-59	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	0-14
17015168-6	2006	The involvement of P-gp in these effects was confirmed by Western blot analysis and by the use of a competitive inhibitor of this transporter, verapamil (10 mg/kg ip), which, given 1 h before dexamethasone, blocked its protective effects, causing instead an increase in lung PQ concentration and an aggravation of toxicity.	Paraquat	275-277	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	19-23
17015168-7	2006	In conclusion, the induction of P-gp, leading to a decrease in lung levels of PQ and the consequent prevention of toxicity, seems to be a new and promising treatment for PQ poisonings that should be further clinically tested.	Paraquat	78-80	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
17015168-7	2006	In conclusion, the induction of P-gp, leading to a decrease in lung levels of PQ and the consequent prevention of toxicity, seems to be a new and promising treatment for PQ poisonings that should be further clinically tested.	Paraquat	170-172	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B (MDR/TAP), member 1B	Rattus norvegicus	32-36
16962931-0	2006	PEP-1-SOD fusion protein efficiently protects against paraquat-induced dopaminergic neuron damage in a Parkinson disease mouse model.	Paraquat	54-62	CNDP dipeptidase 2 (metallopeptidase M20 family)	Mus musculus	0-9
16962931-4	2006	In this study, we investigated the protective effects of PEP-1-SOD in vitro and in vivo under exposure to the herbicide paraquat.	Paraquat	120-128	CNDP dipeptidase 2 (metallopeptidase M20 family)	Mus musculus	57-62
16962931-5	2006	The viability of neuronal cells treated with paraquat was markedly increased by transduced PEP-1-SOD.	Paraquat	45-53	CNDP dipeptidase 2 (metallopeptidase M20 family)	Mus musculus	91-100
21783702-2	2006	Administration of paraquat to the rat inactivated liver mitochondrial enzymes: the aconitase activity decreased to one quarter, and citrate synthase and fumarase to half, whereas cytosolic enzymes were not affected.	Paraquat	18-26	citrate synthase	Rattus norvegicus	132-148
21783702-2	2006	Administration of paraquat to the rat inactivated liver mitochondrial enzymes: the aconitase activity decreased to one quarter, and citrate synthase and fumarase to half, whereas cytosolic enzymes were not affected.	Paraquat	18-26	fumarate hydratase	Rattus norvegicus	153-161
16741961-6	2006	Compared to sod1 +/+ mice, sod1 -/- mice showed greater paraquat-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis.	Paraquat	56-64	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	27-31
16741961-9	2006	These data demonstrate that SOD1 protects retinal cells against paraquat- and hyperoxia-induced oxidative damage and suggest that overexpression of SOD1 should be considered as one component of ocular gene therapy to prevent oxidative damage-induced retinal degeneration.	Paraquat	64-72	superoxide dismutase 1, soluble	Mus musculus	28-32
16767377-6	2006	Using paraquat, both CTGF mRNA and protein were upregulated by five doses of paraquat.	Paraquat	6-14	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
16738222-3	2006	We found that T3 reverses the activation of the SOD-1 promoter caused by the free radical generators paraquat and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate through the direct repression of the SOD-1 promoter by liganded TR.	Paraquat	101-109	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	48-53
16738222-3	2006	We found that T3 reverses the activation of the SOD-1 promoter caused by the free radical generators paraquat and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate through the direct repression of the SOD-1 promoter by liganded TR.	Paraquat	101-109	superoxide dismutase 1	Homo sapiens	183-188
16677770-4	2006	In contrast, tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells in A10 were spared from paraquat-induced degeneration.	Paraquat	73-81	UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A7C	Mus musculus	52-55
16919916-7	2006	Exposure of neutrophils to paraquat also enhanced phosphorylation of Ser536 in the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB an event associated with increased transcriptional activity.	Paraquat	27-35	RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit	Homo sapiens	83-107
16926493-1	2006	rcd1 is a mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana that is more resistant to methyl viologen, but more sensitive to ozone than the wild type.	Paraquat	67-82	WWE protein-protein interaction domain protein family	Arabidopsis thaliana	0-4
16730205-0	2006	Bombus ignitus Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1): cDNA cloning, gene structure, and up-regulation in response to paraquat, temperature stress, or lipopolysaccharide stimulation.	Paraquat	113-121	superoxide dismutase 1	Apis mellifera	43-47
16713667-4	2006	NAC treatment does significantly increase the probability of survival in paraquat-intoxicated rats.	Paraquat	73-81	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	0-3
16713667-6	2006	Moreover, NAC treatment post in paraquat intoxication could reduce destruction of lung tissue, showing less inflammatory cell infiltration in interstitial stroma and mild vascular congestion.	Paraquat	32-40	X-linked Kx blood group	Homo sapiens	10-13
16756753-4	2006	WT Tat-alpha-synuclein rapidly transduced into an astrocyte cells and protected the cells against paraquat induced cell death.	Paraquat	98-106	synuclein alpha	Homo sapiens	7-22
16687388-0	2006	Low concentrations of paraquat induces early activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, protein kinase B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 pathways: role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	22-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens	59-100
16687388-0	2006	Low concentrations of paraquat induces early activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, protein kinase B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 pathways: role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	22-30	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	102-118
16687388-0	2006	Low concentrations of paraquat induces early activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, protein kinase B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 pathways: role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	22-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	124-151
16687388-0	2006	Low concentrations of paraquat induces early activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, protein kinase B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 pathways: role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in paraquat-induced cell death.	Paraquat	22-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	124-147
16687388-4	2006	Low concentrations of paraquat stimulated very early increases in ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and PKB phosphorylation.	Paraquat	22-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	66-72
16687388-4	2006	Low concentrations of paraquat stimulated very early increases in ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and PKB phosphorylation.	Paraquat	22-30	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	74-80
16687388-4	2006	Low concentrations of paraquat stimulated very early increases in ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and PKB phosphorylation.	Paraquat	22-30	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	86-89
16687388-6	2006	Furthermore, early paraquat-mediated increases in ERK1/2 activation were sensitive to the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK1) inhibitor PD 98059 (2"-amino-3"-methoxyflavone), whereas JNK1/2 responses were blocked by the JNK1/2 inhibitor SP 600125 (anthra[1-9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one).	Paraquat	19-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	50-56
16687388-6	2006	Furthermore, early paraquat-mediated increases in ERK1/2 activation were sensitive to the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK1) inhibitor PD 98059 (2"-amino-3"-methoxyflavone), whereas JNK1/2 responses were blocked by the JNK1/2 inhibitor SP 600125 (anthra[1-9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one).	Paraquat	19-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	90-131
16687388-6	2006	Furthermore, early paraquat-mediated increases in ERK1/2 activation were sensitive to the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK1) inhibitor PD 98059 (2"-amino-3"-methoxyflavone), whereas JNK1/2 responses were blocked by the JNK1/2 inhibitor SP 600125 (anthra[1-9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one).	Paraquat	19-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1	Homo sapiens	133-137
16687388-6	2006	Furthermore, early paraquat-mediated increases in ERK1/2 activation were sensitive to the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK1) inhibitor PD 98059 (2"-amino-3"-methoxyflavone), whereas JNK1/2 responses were blocked by the JNK1/2 inhibitor SP 600125 (anthra[1-9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one).	Paraquat	19-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	196-202
16687388-6	2006	Furthermore, early paraquat-mediated increases in ERK1/2 activation were sensitive to the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK1) inhibitor PD 98059 (2"-amino-3"-methoxyflavone), whereas JNK1/2 responses were blocked by the JNK1/2 inhibitor SP 600125 (anthra[1-9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one).	Paraquat	19-27	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	233-239
16687388-9	2006	In conclusion, we have shown that low concentrations of paraquat stimulate robust very early increases in ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and PKB phosphorylation in E18 cells.	Paraquat	56-64	mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	Homo sapiens	106-112
16687388-9	2006	In conclusion, we have shown that low concentrations of paraquat stimulate robust very early increases in ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and PKB phosphorylation in E18 cells.	Paraquat	56-64	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	114-120
16687388-9	2006	In conclusion, we have shown that low concentrations of paraquat stimulate robust very early increases in ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and PKB phosphorylation in E18 cells.	Paraquat	56-64	protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta	Homo sapiens	126-129
16687388-10	2006	Furthermore, the data presented clearly suggest that inhibition of the JNK1/2 pathway protects E18 cells from paraquat-induced cell death and support the fact that inhibition of early activation of JNK1/2 can constitute a potential strategy in PD treatment.	Paraquat	110-118	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	71-77
16687388-10	2006	Furthermore, the data presented clearly suggest that inhibition of the JNK1/2 pathway protects E18 cells from paraquat-induced cell death and support the fact that inhibition of early activation of JNK1/2 can constitute a potential strategy in PD treatment.	Paraquat	110-118	mitogen-activated protein kinase 8	Homo sapiens	198-204
16751508-4	2006	Overexpression of Put1p results in low proline levels and hypersensitivity to oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide and paraquat.	Paraquat	118-126	proline dehydrogenase	Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C	18-23
16824337-0	2006	[Effect of baicalin on expression of heme oxygenase-1 in lung injury of rats associated with paraquat poisoning].	Paraquat	93-101	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	37-53
16824337-1	2006	OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of baicalin (Bai) on lung injury, the level of TNF-alpha in cultured liquid of pulmonary interstitial macrophage and the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in lung injury associated with paraquat poisoning.	Paraquat	227-235	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	190-194
16824337-16	2006	CONCLUSION: The lung injury associated with paraquat poisoning was alleviated by baicalin, which was possibly related to the decrease of level of TNF-alpha in cultured PIM and the increase of the expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein.	Paraquat	44-52	tumor necrosis factor	Rattus norvegicus	146-155
16824337-16	2006	CONCLUSION: The lung injury associated with paraquat poisoning was alleviated by baicalin, which was possibly related to the decrease of level of TNF-alpha in cultured PIM and the increase of the expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein.	Paraquat	44-52	heme oxygenase 1	Rattus norvegicus	210-214
16767377-6	2006	Using paraquat, both CTGF mRNA and protein were upregulated by five doses of paraquat.	Paraquat	77-85	cellular communication network factor 2	Homo sapiens	21-25
17087460-9	2006	Furthermore, application of paraquat on the rosettes led to similar PR-5 expression and H2O2 accumulation patterns as were found after UV-A+B irradiation.	Paraquat	28-36	pathogenesis-related protein 5	Arabidopsis thaliana	68-72
16495354-6	2006	Using the Flp-In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing either mouse or human POR and the cells with POR knockdown by siRNA, we confirmed that POR is responsible for paraquat-induced cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	179-187	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	91-94
16495354-6	2006	Using the Flp-In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing either mouse or human POR and the cells with POR knockdown by siRNA, we confirmed that POR is responsible for paraquat-induced cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	179-187	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	114-117
16495354-6	2006	Using the Flp-In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing either mouse or human POR and the cells with POR knockdown by siRNA, we confirmed that POR is responsible for paraquat-induced cytotoxicity.	Paraquat	179-187	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	114-117
16495354-7	2006	We further used this validated system to compare paraquat-induced toxicity among the cells that stably expressed wild-type human POR and its natural variants.	Paraquat	49-57	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	129-132
16495354-9	2006	Our results provide further evidence on the important role of POR in paraquat-induced toxicity and suggest that individuals carrying the functional variant POR alleles may have an altered susceptibility to paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	69-77	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	62-65
16495354-9	2006	Our results provide further evidence on the important role of POR in paraquat-induced toxicity and suggest that individuals carrying the functional variant POR alleles may have an altered susceptibility to paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	69-77	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	156-159
16495354-9	2006	Our results provide further evidence on the important role of POR in paraquat-induced toxicity and suggest that individuals carrying the functional variant POR alleles may have an altered susceptibility to paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	206-214	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	62-65
16495354-9	2006	Our results provide further evidence on the important role of POR in paraquat-induced toxicity and suggest that individuals carrying the functional variant POR alleles may have an altered susceptibility to paraquat exposure.	Paraquat	206-214	cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase	Homo sapiens	156-159
16510128-6	2006	The present study was therefore undertaken to investigate the mechanism of maneb- and paraquat-induced neurodegeneration by estimating the level of antioxidant defense enzymes in the striatum and measuring the differential expressions of CYP2E1 and GSTA4-4 genes.	Paraquat	86-94	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	238-244
16510128-6	2006	The present study was therefore undertaken to investigate the mechanism of maneb- and paraquat-induced neurodegeneration by estimating the level of antioxidant defense enzymes in the striatum and measuring the differential expressions of CYP2E1 and GSTA4-4 genes.	Paraquat	86-94	glutathione S-transferase, alpha 4	Mus musculus	249-256
16510128-12	2006	Augmentation in the expression of CYP2E1 and GSTA4-4 was more pronounced in the animals treated with maneb and paraquat in combination for nine weeks.	Paraquat	111-119	cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily e, polypeptide 1	Mus musculus	34-40
16510128-12	2006	Augmentation in the expression of CYP2E1 and GSTA4-4 was more pronounced in the animals treated with maneb and paraquat in combination for nine weeks.	Paraquat	111-119	glutathione S-transferase, alpha 4	Mus musculus	45-52