PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 31646387-0 2020 Modelling the impact of mandatory folic acid fortification of bread or flour in Ireland on the risk of occurrence of NTD-affected pregnancies in women of childbearing age and on risk of masking vitamin B12 deficiency in older adults. Folic Acid 34-44 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 117-120 31646387-3 2020 This study estimated the impact of addition of folic acid to bread or flour in the Republic of Ireland on reducing the risk of occurrence of NTD-affected pregnancies and the possible risk of masking (undiagnosed) vitamin B12 deficiency in older adults. Folic Acid 47-57 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 141-144 31646387-7 2020 RESULTS: The fortification scenarios examined would reduce the risk of NTD-affected pregnancies by 8-32%, corresponding to an increase of 39-152 mug in the mean daily folic acid intake of WCBA. Folic Acid 167-177 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 71-74 32061804-2 2020 Folic acid supplementation has been shown to prevent the occurrence of NTDs by as much as 70% in some human populations, and folate deficiency in a pregnant woman is associated with increased risk for having an NTD affected infant. Folic Acid 0-10 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 71-74 32061804-4 2020 Herein, we review the genes involved in folate transport and one carbon metabolism thus far identified as contributing variants that influence human NTD risk, and place these findings in the context of our evolving understanding of the complex genetic architecture underlying these defects. Folic Acid 40-46 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 149-152 30920008-1 2019 BACKGROUND: We sought to assess the recent trend in NTD prevalence at birth in the post-folic acid food fortification era and to identify the maternal risk factors associated with that trend. Folic Acid 88-98 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 52-55 31504109-6 2019 The folate insufficiency prevalence (RBC folate <748 nmol/L; NTD risk) in women decreased from 2007-2010 (23.2%) to 2011-2016 (18.6%) overall and in some subgroups (e.g., women aged 20-39 y, Hispanic and non-Hispanic black women, and supplement nonusers). Folic Acid 4-10 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 64-67 30970178-8 2019 According to the proposed RBC (906 nmol L-1 ) concentrations for optimal NTD prevention, 42.4% participants had RBC folate insufficiency. Folic Acid 116-122 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 73-76 30970178-12 2019 Actions that aim to improve folic acid supplementation compliance are needed to reach the full potential of the nationwide folic acid supplementation programme in terms of NTD prevention. Folic Acid 123-133 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 172-175 32029499-4 2020 Currently, there is a lack of evidence to support if the 2.8 mg folic acid per week dose is sufficient to raise erythrocyte folate concentrations to a level associated with a reduced risk of a NTD-affected pregnancy. Folic Acid 64-74 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 193-196 32029499-5 2020 We aim to conduct a three-arm randomised controlled trial to determine the effect of weekly folic acid with iron on erythrocyte folate, a biomarker of NTD risk. Folic Acid 92-102 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 151-154 32029499-5 2020 We aim to conduct a three-arm randomised controlled trial to determine the effect of weekly folic acid with iron on erythrocyte folate, a biomarker of NTD risk. Folic Acid 128-134 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 151-154 29461227-2 2018 The folate metabolism violation and hyperhomocysteinemia in women are proved to be the leading risk factors for the NTD of the fetus. Folic Acid 4-10 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 116-119 30114345-2 2018 METHODS: Case-control study design was adopted to assess the role of folic acid, dietary habits, and homocysteine in relation to NTD births. Folic Acid 69-79 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 129-132 30038085-13 2018 It may be suggested that maternal decrease in vitamin B12, in mothers who have normal folic acid may be associated with NTD in their children. Folic Acid 86-96 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 120-123 29767673-5 2018 We applied existing models of the relation between RBC folate concentrations and NTD risk to predict NTD prevalence. Folic Acid 55-61 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 81-84 29767673-5 2018 We applied existing models of the relation between RBC folate concentrations and NTD risk to predict NTD prevalence. Folic Acid 55-61 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 101-104 29767673-6 2018 Results: Based on the distribution of overall RBC folate concentrations (4783 women), the predicted NTD prevalence was 7.3/10,000 live births [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 5.5-9.4/10,000 live births]. Folic Acid 50-56 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 100-103 29767673-7 2018 Women consuming folic acid from ECGPs as their only source had lower usual daily total folic acid intakes (median: 115 microg/d; IQR: 79-156 microg/d), lower RBC folate concentrations (median: 881 nmol/L; IQR: 704-1108 nmol/L), and higher predicted NTD prevalence (8.5/10,000 live births; 95% UI: 6.4-10.8/10,000 live births) compared with women consuming additional folic acid from diet or supplements. Folic Acid 16-26 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 249-252 29767673-10 2018 Ensuring 400 microg/d intake of folic acid prior to pregnancy has the potential to increase the number of babies born without an NTD. Folic Acid 32-42 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 129-132 29139138-5 2018 We conclude with guidance on next steps to best navigate the road map toward the goal of generating reliable folate status data on which to assess NTD risk in WRA in low- and middle-income countries. Folic Acid 109-115 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 147-150 29461227-5 2018 The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for the identification of women of reproductive age with the risk of having a child with NTD and to apply differentiated approach to the choice of a preventive dose of folic acid. Folic Acid 216-226 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 137-140 29461227-11 2018 The mothers of children with NTD showed a decreased level of folic acid and an increased level of homocysteine in addition to the correlation of hyperhomocysteinemia with the mutations of the MTHFR gene. Folic Acid 61-71 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 29-32 28980068-5 2017 A unique methylation pattern co-segregated with affected status: NTD cases had more hypermethylated than hypomethylated CpG islands; genes with different methylations clustered in pathways associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (ZEB2, SMAD6, and CDH23), folic acid/homocysteine metabolism (MTHFD1L), transcription/nuclear factors (HDAC4, HOXB7, SOX18), cell migration/motility/adhesion, insulin and cell growth, and neuron/axon development. Folic Acid 268-278 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 65-68 28631291-7 2017 Among the findings, there was a significant association between folic acid concentration and hsa-let-7 g methylation level in NTD cases. Folic Acid 64-74 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 126-129 29125506-4 2017 After this and several other studies were conducted, the intake of 400 micrograms of folic acid per day, at least three months before and three months during pregnancy for prevention of NTD, was proposed [2,3,4]. Folic Acid 85-95 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 186-189 28151610-3 2017 We included studies that focused on the use of folic acid supplementation (by itself or in multivitamin or prenatal supplement form) for the prevention of NTD-affected pregnancies in women of childbearing age. Folic Acid 47-57 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 155-158 28944587-3 2017 Human NTD incidence has fallen by 35-50% in North America due to mandatory folic acid fortification of enriched cereal grain products since 1998. Folic Acid 75-85 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 6-9 28733112-2 2017 Limited knowledge exists on the impact of folate status or obesity on DNA methylation of genes related to NTD risk and folate metabolism. Folic Acid 42-48 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 106-109 28733112-11 2017 Increased NTD risk and abnormal folate metabolism in obesity may be due to a distinctive epigenetic response to folate status in these genes. Folic Acid 112-118 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 10-13 26780389-1 2015 Maternal folate status before and during pregnancy influences a woman"s risk of having a pregnancy affected by congenital malformations of the neural tube (neural tube defects, NTD). Folic Acid 9-15 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 177-180 25755246-9 2016 This may contribute to a decrease in folate intake and therefore may contribute to an increase in NTD rates. Folic Acid 37-43 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 98-101 26108864-2 2015 Increased maternal intake of folic acid (FA) during the periconceptional period is known to reduce NTD risk. Folic Acid 29-39 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 99-102 25808729-6 2015 RESULTS: In the high NTD prevalence population, plasma folate concentration increased to 33.4 (18.7, 58.4) nmol/L in the postprogram sample, which is 2.9 times of the preprogram. Folic Acid 55-61 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 21-24 25808729-7 2015 In the low NTD prevalence population, plasma folate increased to 67.9 (44.5, 101.9) nmol/L, which is 1.9 times of the preprogram. Folic Acid 45-51 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 11-14 25808729-11 2015 CONCLUSION: Plasma folate levels among pregnant Chinese women increased dramatically after the nation-wide folic acid supplementation program in both rural and urban areas, and in populations of high and low NTD prevalence. Folic Acid 19-25 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 208-211 25728980-6 2015 The pooled analysis also revealed that NTD-affected mothers had significantly lower levels of folate (RoM: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.97, P = 0.002), vitamin B12 (RoM: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.87-0.95, P = 3.6 x 10(-5)) and red blood cell folate (RoM: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98, P = 0.01). Folic Acid 94-100 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 39-42 25728980-6 2015 The pooled analysis also revealed that NTD-affected mothers had significantly lower levels of folate (RoM: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.97, P = 0.002), vitamin B12 (RoM: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.87-0.95, P = 3.6 x 10(-5)) and red blood cell folate (RoM: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98, P = 0.01). Folic Acid 224-230 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 39-42 25590678-4 2015 Beginning in 1998, the United States mandated fortification of enriched cereal grain products with 140 microg of folic acid per 100 g. Immediately after mandatory fortification, the birth prevalence of NTD cases declined. Folic Acid 113-123 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 202-205 25590679-7 2015 The recommendation that women should take folic acid supplements just before and during early pregnancy is not being followed by many women and offers an opportunity for NTD prevention, especially among women who are at a higher risk because they have had a previous pregnancy affected by an NTD. Folic Acid 42-52 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 170-173 25590679-7 2015 The recommendation that women should take folic acid supplements just before and during early pregnancy is not being followed by many women and offers an opportunity for NTD prevention, especially among women who are at a higher risk because they have had a previous pregnancy affected by an NTD. Folic Acid 42-52 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 292-295 26879384-13 2016 To further reduce NTD risk in the population, fortification staples with folic acid should be considered. Folic Acid 73-83 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 18-21 26272218-9 2016 A recent population-based US study estimated that the reduction in NTD rates by folic acid is more modest than previously predicted. Folic Acid 80-90 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 67-70 26272218-10 2016 The potential of NTD prevention by folic acid is underutilized due to low adherence with folic acid supplementation, and calls for revising the policy of supplementation have been raised. Folic Acid 35-45 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 17-20 26272218-10 2016 The potential of NTD prevention by folic acid is underutilized due to low adherence with folic acid supplementation, and calls for revising the policy of supplementation have been raised. Folic Acid 89-99 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 17-20 26780389-2 2015 For NTD prevention, it is recommended that women use periconceptional supplementation of folic acid. Folic Acid 89-99 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 4-7 26780389-4 2015 Insufficient data exists on the relation between folate status and the risk of NTD. Folic Acid 49-55 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 79-82 26780389-5 2015 A recent study published in the British Medical Journal provides evidence for a generalizable dose-response relation between folate status and risk of NTD. Folic Acid 125-131 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 151-154 26780389-6 2015 The lowest risk of having a child with NTD was related to red blood cell (RBC) folate concentrations of >= 1000 nmol/L. Folic Acid 79-85 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 39-42 23248680-3 2012 The present study attempted to look into the association of occurrence of NTD with reference to folic acid levels, along with karyotyping status. Folic Acid 96-106 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 74-77 25115437-4 2014 Because maternal folic acid supplementation reduces human NTD risk in some populations by 60 to 70%, it is likely that NTD predisposition is often associated with a defect in folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism. Folic Acid 17-27 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 58-61 25115437-4 2014 Because maternal folic acid supplementation reduces human NTD risk in some populations by 60 to 70%, it is likely that NTD predisposition is often associated with a defect in folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism. Folic Acid 175-181 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 119-122 23873812-2 2013 The present study evaluated how folic acid knowledge and periconceptional use for NTD prevention varies by ethnicity in the United Kingdom (U.K.). Folic Acid 32-42 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 82-85 23427344-3 2013 METHODS: To determine the proportion of NTD cases that is attributable to known or suspected risk factors (i.e., female infant sex, family history of NTDs, and maternal Hispanic ethnicity, obesity, pregestational diabetes, gestational diabetes, low dietary folate intake, lack of folic acid supplementation, anticonvulsant use, and hot tub or sauna use), we estimated the adjusted population attributable fraction (aAF) for each factor, using the method of Eide and Geffler and data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Folic Acid 257-263 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 40-43 23427344-3 2013 METHODS: To determine the proportion of NTD cases that is attributable to known or suspected risk factors (i.e., female infant sex, family history of NTDs, and maternal Hispanic ethnicity, obesity, pregestational diabetes, gestational diabetes, low dietary folate intake, lack of folic acid supplementation, anticonvulsant use, and hot tub or sauna use), we estimated the adjusted population attributable fraction (aAF) for each factor, using the method of Eide and Geffler and data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Folic Acid 280-290 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 40-43 24007422-2 2013 Since introduction of mandatory fortification of grains with folic acid, a further decrease in NTD prevalence has been reported in North America and other countries with large variations among ethnic subgroups. Folic Acid 61-71 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 95-98 24007422-6 2013 Besides folate, several other lifestyle and environmental factors as well as genetic variations may influence NTD development, possibly by affecting one-carbon metabolism and thus epigenetic events. Folic Acid 8-14 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 110-113 24007422-7 2013 In conclusion, mandatory folic acid fortification plays a significant part in the reduction of NTD prevalence, but possibly at a cost and with a portion of NTDs remaining. Folic Acid 25-35 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 95-98 25293959-2 2014 Low maternal folate is the strongest known contributing factor, making variants in genes in the folate metabolic pathway attractive candidates for NTD risk. Folic Acid 13-19 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 147-150 24013316-2 2013 DISCUSSION: The beneficial effect of periconceptional folic acid on NTD prevention denotes a vital role for the single-carbon biochemical pathway in NTD genesis. Folic Acid 54-64 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 68-71 24013316-2 2013 DISCUSSION: The beneficial effect of periconceptional folic acid on NTD prevention denotes a vital role for the single-carbon biochemical pathway in NTD genesis. Folic Acid 54-64 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 149-152 23798054-3 2012 Optimal folate status has an established role in preventing NTD and there is strong evidence indicating that it also has a role in the primary prevention of stroke. Folic Acid 8-14 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 60-63 23248680-11 2012 CONCLUSION: Folic acid supplementation needs to be continued to prevent the occurrence of NTD, and the perinatal identification of NTD should alert one to the possibility of chromosomal abnormalities and prompt a thorough cytogenetic investigation and genetic counseling. Folic Acid 12-22 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 90-93 21956977-2 2011 Recurrence of NTDs despite supplementation of high dose of folic acid further suggests that a proportion of NTD cases might be resistant to folic acid. Folic Acid 140-150 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 14-17 20703205-3 2010 Currently, identified risk factors for NTDs include a mother who previously had an NTD-affected pregnancy, maternal diabetes, obesity, hyperthermia, certain antiseizure medications, genetic variants, race/ethnicity, and nutrition (particularly folic acid insufficiency). Folic Acid 244-254 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 39-42 21792640-4 2011 Among the two communities, Muslim NTD mothers had higher TT genotype showing increased risk for neural tube defects (adjusted OR: 12.9; 95% CI: 1.21-136.8) and lower folic acid supplementation (adjusted OR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.18-10.22). Folic Acid 166-176 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 34-37 22140583-1 2011 Despite compelling epidemiological evidence that folic acid supplements reduce the frequency of neural tube defects (NTDs) in newborns, common variant association studies with folate metabolism genes have failed to explain the majority of NTD risk. Folic Acid 49-59 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 117-120 21441543-8 2011 CONCLUSIONS: Red cell folate concentrations in women not complying with recommendations were suboptimal in relation to NTD risk. Folic Acid 22-28 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 119-122 20589881-7 2010 In both groups, the proportions of women who received preconception examinations and reported folic acid intake were much higher for those who reported planning their pregnancies compared to women with an unplanned pregnancy (for all, p < 0.01); and for NTD prevention, synergistic interactions existed between pregnancy planning and the other preventive measures. Folic Acid 94-104 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 257-260 19453682-2 2009 Population-wide folate status is expected to improve where folic acid fortification policies for reducing NTD occurrence are established. Folic Acid 16-22 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 106-109 20649773-11 2010 IMPLICATIONS: From a public health perspective, future monitoring of NTD following implementation of fortification of bread-making flour with folic acid should include a mixed methods approach; reporting birth prevalence on national data and total prevalence on tri-state data. Folic Acid 142-152 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 69-72 20740593-9 2010 Prevention of NTDs by maternal folate supplementation has been tested in 13 mutants and reduces NTD frequency in six diverse mutants. Folic Acid 31-37 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 14-17 20201699-2 2010 Research has found a strong link between periconceptional folic acid consumption and NTD prevention. Folic Acid 58-68 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 85-88 19453682-2 2009 Population-wide folate status is expected to improve where folic acid fortification policies for reducing NTD occurrence are established. Folic Acid 59-69 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 106-109 18804286-1 2008 Periconceptional folic acid can reduce the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs) by up to 70%, and autoantibodies for folate receptors (FRs) have been observed in serum from women with a pregnancy complicated by an NTD. Folic Acid 17-27 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 78-81 18804286-2 2008 This population-based cohort study has examined serum from pregnant mothers for autoantibodies to FRs, antibodies to bovine folate binding protein (FBP), and inhibition of folic acid binding to FR and FBP in association with NTD risk. Folic Acid 172-182 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 225-228 18634013-2 2008 Foremost among these factors is the periconceptional use of supplementation containing folic acid, which is associated with a reduction in the risk of women having NTD-affected pregnancies. Folic Acid 87-97 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 164-167 17963270-3 2007 Numerous environmental and genetic influences contribute to NTD etiology; accumulating evidence from population-based studies has demonstrated that folate status is a significant determinant of NTD risk. Folic Acid 148-154 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 60-63 18550330-6 2008 Complete protection against NTD was defined as RBC folate concentration above 900 nmol/L. Folic Acid 51-57 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 28-31 18550330-7 2008 RESULTS: In 2006, 40% of the women of child-bearing age and 36% of pregnant women, exhibited RBC folate levels below 900 nmol/L, rendering them sub-optimally protected against NTD. Folic Acid 97-103 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 176-179 18598588-6 2008 In contrast, in North America and Chile, the policy of mandatory folic acid-fortification has proven itself in terms of lowering the prevalence of NTD, but remains controversial because of concerns regarding potential risks of chronic exposure to high-dose folic acid. Folic Acid 65-75 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 147-150 18030639-2 2007 Consuming the B vitamin folic acid can reduce the incidence of NTDs 50%-70%, and recent efforts to reduce NTD rates have focused on increasing the number of childbearing-aged women who take a vitamin containing folic acid every day. Folic Acid 24-34 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 63-66 17963270-3 2007 Numerous environmental and genetic influences contribute to NTD etiology; accumulating evidence from population-based studies has demonstrated that folate status is a significant determinant of NTD risk. Folic Acid 148-154 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 194-197 17963270-8 2007 In this review, we summarize current research on the relationship between folate status and NTDs, with an emphasis on linking genetic variation, folate nutriture, and specific metabolic and/or genomic pathways that intersect to determine NTD outcomes. Folic Acid 74-80 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 92-95 17058407-9 2006 CONCLUSIONS: Following the Ministry of Health guidelines on folic acid supplementation for women in the reproductive age, a marked reduction in the rates of NTD was observed. Folic Acid 60-70 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 157-160 22266439-7 2006 CONCLUSION: We concluded that folate deficiency, usage of drugs during pregnancy, and consanguineous marriage may play a role of predisposition to NTD. Folic Acid 30-36 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 147-150 15371968-6 2004 Therefore, increasing the use of vitamins containing folic acid remains an important component of NTD prevention. Folic Acid 53-63 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 98-101 16195694-5 2005 Therefore, increasing the number of women who take dietary supplements containing 400 mug of folic acid daily remains an important component of NTD prevention. Folic Acid 93-103 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 144-147 15831595-2 2005 Periconceptional maternal folate supplementation reduces NTD risk by 50-70%; however, studies of folate related and other developmental genes in humans have failed to definitively identify a major causal gene for NTD. Folic Acid 26-32 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 57-60 15850889-1 2005 BACKGROUND: Upon discovering an NTD incidence rate of 27/10,000 in a Texas border county, the Texas Department of Health initiated folic acid intervention for prevention of recurrent NTDs in this predominantly Mexican-American population. Folic Acid 131-141 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 32-35 15808372-8 2005 This decreasing trend in rate and severity of NTD affected births was most dramatic prior to either food fortification or periconceptual folic acid supplementation. Folic Acid 137-147 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 46-49 15531657-4 2004 The success of folic acid fortification in improving folate status and in reducing NTD rates is truly a public health triumph and provides a paradigm of collaboration between science and public health policy. Folic Acid 15-25 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 83-86 15050876-4 2004 The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness regarding folic acid and its effect in the prevention of NTD among Arab Israeli women of childbearing age. Folic Acid 69-79 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 116-119 15129193-8 2004 This decline in NTD-affected pregnancies highlights the partial success of the U.S. folic acid fortification program as a public health strategy. Folic Acid 84-94 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 16-19 15129193-9 2004 To reduce further the number of NTD-affected pregnancies, all women capable of becoming pregnant should follow the USPHS recommendation and consume 400 microg of folic acid every day. Folic Acid 162-172 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 32-35 14616766-2 2003 A large number of association studies have been conducted to investigate the possibility that NTD susceptibility is linked to polymorphic variation in genes involved in early embryonic development or in the absorption or metabolism of folate, a nutrient that has been clearly associated with a reduction in the risk of NTD pregnancy. Folic Acid 235-241 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 94-97 14616766-2 2003 A large number of association studies have been conducted to investigate the possibility that NTD susceptibility is linked to polymorphic variation in genes involved in early embryonic development or in the absorption or metabolism of folate, a nutrient that has been clearly associated with a reduction in the risk of NTD pregnancy. Folic Acid 235-241 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 319-322 11755633-5 2001 Every doubling of serum folate concentration roughly halves the risk of an NTD. Folic Acid 24-30 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 75-78 12516902-12 2002 CONCLUSIONS: The data presented here will serve as a basis for evaluating the impact of the Ministry of Health recommendations for folic acid supplementation on the incidence of NTD. Folic Acid 131-141 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 178-181 12239739-13 2002 Decreases in NTD-specific IMRs may have been impacted by fortification of enriched grain products with folic acid since these efforts were optional beginning in 1996. Folic Acid 103-113 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 13-16 10431526-1 1999 BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To define the frequency of Sicilian pregnant women taking folic acid during the periconceptional period (three months before and two months after conception) and how many are familiar with the preventive effects of folic acid on NTD. Folic Acid 236-246 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 250-253 11410096-4 2001 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of food fortification with folic acid on NTD birth prevalence. Folic Acid 61-71 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 75-78 11410096-9 2001 CONCLUSIONS: A 19% reduction in NTD birth prevalence occurred following folic acid fortification of the US food supply. Folic Acid 72-82 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 32-35 10833330-6 2000 Furthermore, clinical and experimental evidence imply that allelic forms of genes involved with folate metabolism and/or transport may explain some of the observed variation in the NTD rates found across different populations. Folic Acid 96-102 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 181-184 11813127-2 2001 Periconceptional supplementation with multi-vitamins containing folic acid may normalize homocysteine metabolism and decrease the NTD risk. Folic Acid 64-74 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 130-133 11568918-10 2001 The presence of both trisomy 21 and postclosure NTD in the same child supports the need for an extended periconceptional period of maternal folate supplementation to achieve greater preventive effects for both NTD and trisomy 21. Folic Acid 140-146 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 210-213 10767323-5 2000 NTD risk is reduced in various models by different maternal nutrient supplements, including folic acid ( Pax3, Cart1, Cd mutants), inositol ( ct ) and methionine ( Axd ). Folic Acid 92-102 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 0-3 10431526-6 1999 Only the 5 pregnant women (0.5%) who took folic acid during the periconceptional period were aware of the possibility of preventing NTD through supplements of this vitamin. Folic Acid 42-52 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 132-135 10431526-7 1999 CONCLUSIONS: Greater efforts must be made to increase periconceptional use of folic acid for the prevention of NTD in pregnant women in Sicily. Folic Acid 78-88 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 111-114 10330863-9 1999 However, available evidence suggests low maternal folate status itself to be the major determinant of NTD risk. Folic Acid 50-56 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 102-105 9674907-0 1998 Low blood folates in NTD pregnancies are only partly explained by thermolabile 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: low folate status alone may be the critical factor. Folic Acid 10-17 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 21-24 9674907-0 1998 Low blood folates in NTD pregnancies are only partly explained by thermolabile 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: low folate status alone may be the critical factor. Folic Acid 10-16 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 21-24 9674907-9 1998 The data suggest that low maternal folate status is itself the major determinant of NTD risk, or else that other folate-dependent genetic variants confer risk through the reduction of folate levels. Folic Acid 35-41 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 84-87 9611019-4 1998 METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: Articles were selected on the basis of their relevance to the relationship between folate intake and NTD incidence, mechanisms of folate responsive NTD formation, and folate provision strategy. Folic Acid 111-117 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 129-132 9611019-4 1998 METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: Articles were selected on the basis of their relevance to the relationship between folate intake and NTD incidence, mechanisms of folate responsive NTD formation, and folate provision strategy. Folic Acid 158-164 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 176-179 9611019-4 1998 METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: Articles were selected on the basis of their relevance to the relationship between folate intake and NTD incidence, mechanisms of folate responsive NTD formation, and folate provision strategy. Folic Acid 158-164 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 176-179 9611072-4 1998 In an attempt to identify additional folate related enzymes that contribute to NTD etiology we now studied the methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase gene on chromosome 14q24 which encodes a single protein with three catalytic properties important in the folate metabolism. Folic Acid 37-43 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 79-82 9611072-4 1998 In an attempt to identify additional folate related enzymes that contribute to NTD etiology we now studied the methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase gene on chromosome 14q24 which encodes a single protein with three catalytic properties important in the folate metabolism. Folic Acid 130-136 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 79-82 24234672-4 1996 The NSGC further urges the Food and Drug Administration to fortify staple foodstuffs with folic acid for a population-based approach to minimize the number of NTD births. Folic Acid 90-100 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 159-162 10090889-8 1999 These results favor a biological model of MTHFR-related NTD pathogenesis in which suboptimal maternal folate status imposes biochemical stress on the developing embryo, a stress it is ill-equipped to tolerate if it has a TT genotype. Folic Acid 102-108 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 56-59 9973541-5 1999 In this article, we review the fundamental embryological processes involved in closing the neural tube, the relevant epidemiologic data on folic acid supplementation and relative NTD risk, as well as several recent studies of candidate genes for NTD sensitivity that are involved in folate transport and metabolism. Folic Acid 283-289 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 246-249 9188676-0 1997 NTD phenotypes in infants and fetuses whose mothers used multivitamins containing folic acid in early pregnancy compared to those who did not. Folic Acid 82-92 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 0-3 8826441-5 1996 These preliminary data suggest that the 677C-->T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene is a risk factor for spina bifida and anencephaly that may provide a partial biologic explanation for why folic acid prevents these types of NTD. Folic Acid 189-199 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 224-227 8221478-7 1993 A recent multicentre randomized controlled trial showed that among women at high risk of having a child with an NTD those who received 4 mg/d of folic acid had 72% fewer cases of NTD-affected offspring than nonsupplemented women. Folic Acid 145-155 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 112-115 8221478-7 1993 A recent multicentre randomized controlled trial showed that among women at high risk of having a child with an NTD those who received 4 mg/d of folic acid had 72% fewer cases of NTD-affected offspring than nonsupplemented women. Folic Acid 145-155 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 179-182 8221478-8 1993 Two previous intervention studies also demonstrated that folic acid supplementation was effective in reducing the rate of NTD recurrence. Folic Acid 57-67 fuzzy planar cell polarity protein Homo sapiens 122-125