PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 12596046-1 2003 Ovarian steroids have been implicated in the regulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion in several species and increased progesterone secretion has been associated with elevated circulating GH levels in the cat. Steroids 8-16 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 59-73 12868044-0 2003 Anabolic androgenic steroids produce dose-dependant increase in left ventricular mass in power atheletes, and this effect is potentiated by concomitant use of growth hormone. Steroids 20-28 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 159-173 12596046-1 2003 Ovarian steroids have been implicated in the regulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion in several species and increased progesterone secretion has been associated with elevated circulating GH levels in the cat. Steroids 8-16 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 75-77 11549874-8 2001 These data suggest a modulator role of plasma sex steroids levels on GH release induced by baclofen. Steroids 50-58 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 69-71 11571929-3 2001 Testosterone and estrogen affect the growth hormone neuroendocrine rhythms, and growth hormone, in turn, potentiates many of the metabolic actions of the sex steroids. Steroids 158-166 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 80-94 11720902-1 2001 OBJECTIVE: Steroid hormones (estradiol and progesterone) in association with prolactin and growth hormone are involved in lobulo alveolar development of the mammary gland during pregnancy. Steroids 11-27 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 91-105 11527085-6 2001 Sex-steroid hormones (such as oestradiol and aromatizable androgen) and normal female and male puberty augment GH secretory-burst mass 1.8- to 3.5-fold, whereas ageing, relative obesity, physical inactivity, hypogonadism, and hypopituitarism mute the amplitude/mass of pulsatile GH output. Steroids 4-11 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 111-113 11527085-6 2001 Sex-steroid hormones (such as oestradiol and aromatizable androgen) and normal female and male puberty augment GH secretory-burst mass 1.8- to 3.5-fold, whereas ageing, relative obesity, physical inactivity, hypogonadism, and hypopituitarism mute the amplitude/mass of pulsatile GH output. Steroids 4-11 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 279-281 11146380-10 2000 The reason for these findings is unknown, and the role of sex steroids in determining the response to GH therapy remains to be fully elucidated. Steroids 62-70 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 102-104 11786681-8 2001 GH as well as IGF-I decreased the steroid-induced glutamine synthetase activity in skeletal muscle. Steroids 34-41 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 11786679-4 2001 Steroids affect both the release and the effects of growth hormone (GH) at the target sites, hence becoming functional GH antagonists. Steroids 0-8 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 52-66 11786679-4 2001 Steroids affect both the release and the effects of growth hormone (GH) at the target sites, hence becoming functional GH antagonists. Steroids 0-8 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 68-70 11786679-4 2001 Steroids affect both the release and the effects of growth hormone (GH) at the target sites, hence becoming functional GH antagonists. Steroids 0-8 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 119-121 11786679-9 2001 GH (through IGF-I) significantly enhances linear growth; thus, in states of "functional" GH deficiency, such as that observed in chronic steroid use, GH may also have a potentially beneficial effect. Steroids 137-144 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 11786679-9 2001 GH (through IGF-I) significantly enhances linear growth; thus, in states of "functional" GH deficiency, such as that observed in chronic steroid use, GH may also have a potentially beneficial effect. Steroids 137-144 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 89-91 11786679-11 2001 Data from a recent study of ours using GH in children with steroid-dependent inflammatory bowel disease showed that GH treatment was associated with increased lean body mass, decreased adiposity and increased linear growth. Steroids 59-66 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 39-41 11786679-11 2001 Data from a recent study of ours using GH in children with steroid-dependent inflammatory bowel disease showed that GH treatment was associated with increased lean body mass, decreased adiposity and increased linear growth. Steroids 59-66 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 116-118 11786679-13 2001 In conclusion, GH therapy may play a role in the treatment of children on chronic steroids both as a growth promoting agent and as an anabolic agent on whole body protein and bone. Steroids 82-90 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 15-17 11786681-0 2001 Steroid myopathy: pathogenesis and effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I administration. Steroids 0-7 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 46-60 11786681-5 2001 There are many reports showing preventive effects of either growth hormone (GH) or insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I on steroid myopathy. Steroids 121-128 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-74 11786681-5 2001 There are many reports showing preventive effects of either growth hormone (GH) or insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I on steroid myopathy. Steroids 121-128 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 76-78 10809996-16 2000 The inhibitory influence of contraceptives underlines the role of sex steroids in modulating the susceptibility to GH. Steroids 70-78 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 115-117 10797838-5 1999 It was observed that GH, IGF, thyroid hormones, insulin, glucocorticoids and sexual steroids act in a complex and cordinated way to produce a productive response to different> nutritional strategies. Steroids 84-92 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 21-23 10337858-16 1999 If GHRP-2 can indeed counteract the inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids on GH secretion, then a new form of therapy may be available to support growth in children who must receive long-term steroid treatment. Steroids 191-198 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 3-5 10566630-14 1999 Weak correlations were observed between the maintenance dose of GH and the change in IGF-I in men and women receiving sex steroid replacement, but not in patients with untreated hypogonadism or an intact gonadotropin reserve. Steroids 122-129 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 64-66 10337858-12 1999 The pattern of GH release to arginine and to GHRP-2 was not identical, and the mean area under the curve for GH release to GHRP-2 decreased significantly with steroid treatment (P = .04), suggesting that GHRP-2 acts by mechanisms additional to the removal of SRIF inhibition. Steroids 159-166 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 45-47 10337858-14 1999 GH release occurred earlier for both arginine and GHRP-2 during steroid treatment. Steroids 64-71 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 10332564-4 1998 Accompanying the increase in gonadal steroids is an increase in amplitude of growth hormone secretory bursts. Steroids 37-45 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 77-91 10442572-4 1999 It has also been reported that sex steroids influence not only GH secretion but also the local synthesis of IGF-I in target tissues and the expression of the GH receptor in various other tissues. Steroids 35-43 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 63-65 10197083-1 1998 OBJECTIVE: Growth hormone (GH) release is influenced by several factors including age, gender, physical exercise, nutritional status, sex steroids and body composition. Steroids 138-146 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 11-25 10197083-1 1998 OBJECTIVE: Growth hormone (GH) release is influenced by several factors including age, gender, physical exercise, nutritional status, sex steroids and body composition. Steroids 138-146 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 27-29 9224438-1 1997 BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that the neuroendocrine control of growth hormone (GH) secretion changes with increasing age in women with normal menstrual cycles and sex steroid levels. Steroids 183-190 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 79-93 9876343-0 1998 Growth hormone induced increase in serum IGFBP-3 level is reversed by anabolic steroids in substance abusing power athletes. Steroids 79-87 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 9639222-1 1998 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of growth hormone (GH) on the serum levels of ovarian and adrenal sex steroid hormones in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA). Steroids 107-123 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 40-54 9639222-1 1998 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of growth hormone (GH) on the serum levels of ovarian and adrenal sex steroid hormones in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA). Steroids 107-123 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 56-58 9467548-0 1998 Beneficial effects of one-year growth hormone administration to children with juvenile chronic arthritis on chronic steroid therapy. Steroids 116-123 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 31-45 10990137-0 1998 Influence of gender and gonadal steroids on responsiveness to growth hormone replacement therapy in adults with growth hormone deficiency. Steroids 32-40 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 62-76 9524732-9 1998 Thyroid, gonadal, and adrenal steroid hormones also affect the GHRH-SRIH balance; a differential distribution of sex steroid receptors in the ARC and the PVe is likely to account for the different pattern of GH secretion in male and female animals. Steroids 30-46 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 63-65 9360530-1 1997 Gonadal steroids are known to alter GH secretion as well as tissue metabolism. Steroids 8-16 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 36-38 9360530-2 1997 The present study was designed to examine the effects of short term (2- to 3-week) alterations in gonadal steroids on basal pulsatile (nonstimulated) and exercise- and GH-releasing hormone-stimulated GH secretion, urinary nitrogen excretion, and basal and exercise-stimulated oxygen consumption. Steroids 106-114 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 168-170 9360530-2 1997 The present study was designed to examine the effects of short term (2- to 3-week) alterations in gonadal steroids on basal pulsatile (nonstimulated) and exercise- and GH-releasing hormone-stimulated GH secretion, urinary nitrogen excretion, and basal and exercise-stimulated oxygen consumption. Steroids 106-114 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 200-202 9385529-0 1997 Effect of growth hormone suppression on the serum levels of ovarian and adrenal sex steroid hormones in normal women and in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Steroids 84-91 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-24 9385529-1 1997 We investigated the acute effect on the serum levels of ovarian and adrenal sex steroid hormones of the suppression of growth hormone during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Steroids 80-87 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 119-133 9224438-1 1997 BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that the neuroendocrine control of growth hormone (GH) secretion changes with increasing age in women with normal menstrual cycles and sex steroid levels. Steroids 183-190 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 95-97 9388821-1 1997 Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) may reduce the catabolic side effects of steroid therapies on children and adults, but this has never been studied in preterm infants. Steroids 81-88 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-32 9152290-1 1997 OBJECTIVES: To study the efficacy and safety of 1 year of growth hormone (GH) therapy in children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. Steroids 103-110 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 58-72 9152290-1 1997 OBJECTIVES: To study the efficacy and safety of 1 year of growth hormone (GH) therapy in children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. Steroids 103-110 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 74-76 9152290-2 1997 STUDY DESIGN: A prospective pilot, open study in which GH (mean dose 0.32 mg/kg per week) was administered for 1 year to 8 children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome requiring prednisolone (mean dose 0.46 mg/kg per day) to maintain remission. Steroids 137-144 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 55-57 9152290-13 1997 CONCLUSIONS: One year of GH therapy is effective in improving the height standard deviation score, height velocity, bone mineral density, and lean body mass of children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. Steroids 174-181 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 25-27 9152290-15 1997 However, the bone age accelerated at a greater pace than the height age, and further studies are required to define the role of GH therapy in steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. Steroids 142-149 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 128-130 9138969-0 1997 The pubertal spurt: effects of sex steroids on growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I. Steroids 35-43 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 47-61 8742122-0 1996 Sex steroid regulation of growth hormone secretion and action. Steroids 4-11 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-40 9051627-5 1997 Growth hormone may modulate gonadal steroid production by increasing hepatic insulin-like growth factor-I production or by acting directly on GH receptors, localized recently in the granulosa cells and corpus luteum in the human ovary. Steroids 36-43 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8738113-1 1996 Exogenous steroids affect plasma growth hormone (GH) concentrations and hypothalamic somatostatin levels either directly, by stimulating the anterior pituitary gland, or indirectly by partially inhibiting the response of the pituitary gland to stimuli. Steroids 10-18 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 33-47 8738113-1 1996 Exogenous steroids affect plasma growth hormone (GH) concentrations and hypothalamic somatostatin levels either directly, by stimulating the anterior pituitary gland, or indirectly by partially inhibiting the response of the pituitary gland to stimuli. Steroids 10-18 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-51 8701783-0 1996 Effects of growth hormone and growth hormone-releasing hormone on steroid synthesis in cultured human luteinizing granulosa cells. Steroids 66-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 11-25 8552446-8 1995 Thus the direct effects of GH on granulosa cell steroid synthesis are modest compared with those of IGF-I. Steroids 48-55 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 27-29 8950619-0 1996 Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I and lipid metabolism: interactions with sex steroids. Steroids 89-97 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 7626468-1 1995 Glucocorticoids (GCs) play a key role in the physiology of the hypothalamic-somatotroph axis, since these steroids enhance growth hormone (GH) gene transcription and increase GHRH receptor synthesis. Steroids 106-114 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 123-137 7626468-1 1995 Glucocorticoids (GCs) play a key role in the physiology of the hypothalamic-somatotroph axis, since these steroids enhance growth hormone (GH) gene transcription and increase GHRH receptor synthesis. Steroids 106-114 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 139-141 8126139-5 1994 The withdrawal of gonadal steroids that occurs in children with central precocious puberty (CPP) treated with LH-releasing hormone agonist (LHRHa) therapy results in a decrease in growth velocity (GV) and GH secretion. Steroids 26-34 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 205-207 7850005-3 1995 Intrahypothalamic Proopiomelanocortin- and Galanin-containing interneurons also participate in the regulation of SRIH and GHRH neuronal activity, which also is dependent on sex steroids and GH and/or insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) feedback. Steroids 177-185 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 122-124 8077355-1 1994 The reversal of glucocorticoid-induced negative nitrogen balance by GH supports a possible therapeutic role for GH treatment in patients receiving these catabolic steroids. Steroids 163-171 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 68-70 8077355-1 1994 The reversal of glucocorticoid-induced negative nitrogen balance by GH supports a possible therapeutic role for GH treatment in patients receiving these catabolic steroids. Steroids 163-171 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 112-114 8077355-6 1994 However, the suppressive influence of the steroid was attenuated by the high dose of L-692,429, which achieved a GH peak and area under the curve between 0-240 min of 42.6 (5.8) micrograms/L and 2298 (425) micrograms/min.L, respectively (P < 0.01 vs. 0.2 mg/kg L-692,429 plus prednisolone). Steroids 42-49 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 113-115 8736043-2 1994 Steroids influence GH secretion by modulating SS tone. Steroids 0-8 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 19-21 8040785-0 1994 Prednisone dose limitation of growth hormone treatment of steroid-induced growth failure. Steroids 58-65 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 30-44 8126139-13 1994 In children with CPP, the withdrawal of gonadal steroids may inhibit the child"s ability to secrete the GH appropriate for his/her GH/GHBP milieu. Steroids 48-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 104-106 8126139-13 1994 In children with CPP, the withdrawal of gonadal steroids may inhibit the child"s ability to secrete the GH appropriate for his/her GH/GHBP milieu. Steroids 48-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 131-133 8090052-2 1994 Critical concentrations of steroids not only determine somatotrope differentiation but also enhance growth hormone (GH) gene expression. Steroids 27-35 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 100-114 8090052-2 1994 Critical concentrations of steroids not only determine somatotrope differentiation but also enhance growth hormone (GH) gene expression. Steroids 27-35 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 116-118 8090052-4 1994 In vitro data indicates that steroids enhance GH release by altering the affinity and the density of GHRH receptors. Steroids 29-37 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 46-48 8218992-6 1993 We describe the effect of the disease course, and steroid treatment on GH levels in one patient with auto-immune chronic active hepatitis, and propose possible mechanisms for this elevation. Steroids 50-57 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 71-73 8274413-6 1993 The infusion of human growth hormone by osmotic minipump, which feminizes hepatic steroid metabolism, increased the ability of male rat liver microsomes to convert AD to A and to respond to induction by IC. Steroids 82-89 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-36 8346765-3 1993 Fortunately, the abuse of growth hormone is limited by its cost and the fact that anabolic steroids are simply more enticing to the athlete. Steroids 91-99 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-40 1406172-1 1992 The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which growth hormone (GH) and energy substrate utilization are influenced by basal sex steroid levels during prolonged submaximal exercise across menstrual phase and status. Steroids 144-151 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 63-77 16350574-11 1993 Growth hormone inhibits cortisol effects on lipid accumulation, and amplifies the lipid mobilizing effects of steroid hormones. Steroids 110-126 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 8497711-2 1993 The pubertal growth spurt, which may account for up to 30 cm of linear growth, results from an increase in growth hormone pulse amplitude that is mediated by sex steroids. Steroids 162-170 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 107-121 1592874-5 1992 After saline administration, steroid-treated patients showed a blunted GH response to GHRH (GH peak, 8.7 +/- 2.4 micrograms/L) compared to that of normal subjects (GH peak, 23.8 +/- 3.9 micrograms/L). Steroids 29-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 71-73 1618997-0 1992 Sex steroid priming effects on growth hormone response to pyridostigmine throughout the menstrual cycle. Steroids 4-11 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 31-45 1592874-5 1992 After saline administration, steroid-treated patients showed a blunted GH response to GHRH (GH peak, 8.7 +/- 2.4 micrograms/L) compared to that of normal subjects (GH peak, 23.8 +/- 3.9 micrograms/L). Steroids 29-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 86-88 1592874-5 1992 After saline administration, steroid-treated patients showed a blunted GH response to GHRH (GH peak, 8.7 +/- 2.4 micrograms/L) compared to that of normal subjects (GH peak, 23.8 +/- 3.9 micrograms/L). Steroids 29-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 86-88 1592874-6 1992 The GH responses to GHRH increased (P less than 0.05) after pretreatment with arginine compared to saline pretreatment in both normal subjects (GH peak, 36.6 +/- 4.0 micrograms/L) and steroid-treated patients (GH peak, 28.4 +/- 5.5 micrograms/L). Steroids 184-191 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-6 1800273-2 1991 Various anabolic steroids and estrogens have been used, but the recent availability of biosynthetic human growth hormone (hGH) has led to its clinical evaluation in this syndrome. Steroids 17-25 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 106-120 1398465-4 1992 Steroid-treated patients showed a blunted GH response to GHRH (GH peak 8.3 +/- 3 micrograms/L) with respect to normal subjects (GH peak 19.3 +/- 2.4 micrograms/L). Steroids 0-7 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 42-44 1398465-4 1992 Steroid-treated patients showed a blunted GH response to GHRH (GH peak 8.3 +/- 3 micrograms/L) with respect to normal subjects (GH peak 19.3 +/- 2.4 micrograms/L). Steroids 0-7 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 57-59 1398465-4 1992 Steroid-treated patients showed a blunted GH response to GHRH (GH peak 8.3 +/- 3 micrograms/L) with respect to normal subjects (GH peak 19.3 +/- 2.4 micrograms/L). Steroids 0-7 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 57-59 1398465-5 1992 The GH responses to clonidine were also blunted (p less than 0.05) in steroid-treated patients (GH peak 5.8 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L) with respect to normal subjects (GH peak 17.6 +/- 2.3 micrograms/L). Steroids 70-77 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-6 1398465-5 1992 The GH responses to clonidine were also blunted (p less than 0.05) in steroid-treated patients (GH peak 5.8 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L) with respect to normal subjects (GH peak 17.6 +/- 2.3 micrograms/L). Steroids 70-77 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 96-98 1398465-5 1992 The GH responses to clonidine were also blunted (p less than 0.05) in steroid-treated patients (GH peak 5.8 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L) with respect to normal subjects (GH peak 17.6 +/- 2.3 micrograms/L). Steroids 70-77 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 96-98 1375312-6 1992 During saline infusion, steroid-treated patients showed a blunted GH response to GHRH (GH peak, 8.1 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L), as compared with normal subjects (GH peak, 23.8 +/- 3.9 micrograms/L). Steroids 24-31 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 66-68 1375312-6 1992 During saline infusion, steroid-treated patients showed a blunted GH response to GHRH (GH peak, 8.1 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L), as compared with normal subjects (GH peak, 23.8 +/- 3.9 micrograms/L). Steroids 24-31 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 81-83 1375312-6 1992 During saline infusion, steroid-treated patients showed a blunted GH response to GHRH (GH peak, 8.1 +/- 2.8 micrograms/L), as compared with normal subjects (GH peak, 23.8 +/- 3.9 micrograms/L). Steroids 24-31 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 81-83 1375312-9 1992 The area under the GH-response curves was also significantly (P less than .05) lower in steroid-treated subjects, as compared with normal subjects. Steroids 88-95 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 19-21 1958517-0 1991 The role of sexual steroids in the modulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion in humans. Steroids 19-27 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-63 1911137-1 1991 Long-term steroid therapy has a depressant effect on hypothalamo-pituitary pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH), and this results in an attenuated pubertal growth spurt. Steroids 10-17 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 114-116 1911137-2 1991 Oxandrolone and recombinant human GH improve growth rates in children taking long-term steroid therapy for renal disease, but there are potential side effects. Steroids 87-94 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 34-36 2029886-3 1991 Nevertheless, evidence has gradually accumulated that indicates that sex steroid-induced modulation of growth hormone secretion is a central and critical feature of the pubertal growth spurt. Steroids 73-80 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 103-117 1958517-0 1991 The role of sexual steroids in the modulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion in humans. Steroids 19-27 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 65-67 1958517-1 1991 Sex steroids contribute to modulate GH secretion in man. Steroids 4-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 36-38 2231756-4 1990 Because serum IGF-I level is growth hormone (GH) dependent and because data suggest that the pubertal surge in GH and IGF-I levels is sex steroid dependent, we speculate that the mechanism underlying our observation may involve blockade by tamoxifen of estrogen action in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Steroids 138-145 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 111-113 3019741-1 1986 Recent publications suggest that the sexual dimorphism observed in the activities of enzymes involved in drug and steroid metabolism in rat liver are due to sex-specific differences in the rate of growth hormone release. Steroids 114-121 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 197-211 2149710-4 1990 A sex-steroid-induced change in GH secretion may be relevant for certain metabolic effects of oral contraceptives. Steroids 6-13 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 32-34 2598471-1 1989 The role of the growth hormone-somatomedin axis in the genesis of steroid osteoporosis has been studied by measuring circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in asthmatic subjects either receiving or not receiving therapy with oral glucocorticoids. Steroids 66-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 16-30 3239386-6 1988 Previously, in animal experiments, a continuous secretion of growth hormone has been shown to "feminize" hepatic steroid metabolism, hepatic prolactin receptors, hepatic sulphatase activity and to stimulate pregnancy protein synthesis. Steroids 113-120 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 61-75 3408273-15 1988 This may indicate an association between the growth factors human growth hormone (HGH) and somatomedin-C (Sm-C) and the biosynthese and metabolism of steroid hormone. Steroids 150-165 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 66-80 3605693-6 1987 We conclude that preoperative steroid administration in patients with high serum levels of GH in association with diabetes or glucose intolerance increases serum glucose levels, and that, after commencement of surgery, GH has only a minor role in the changes of serum glucose levels. Steroids 30-37 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 91-93 3306802-9 1987 Exogenous growth hormone has the same effects as anabolic steroids but is effective in nonruminant species as well. Steroids 58-66 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 10-24 2165246-4 1990 Sex steroid hormone priming tests were highly discriminative, especially for the GH response to insulin stimulation. Steroids 4-19 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 81-83 3164978-9 1988 The 24-hour GHC correlated well with the GHC during sleep, peak-stimulated GH level, gonadal steroid level, and the SmC level, but not with height velocity, dose of radiation, or age at radiation. Steroids 93-100 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 12-14 3546349-0 1987 Chronic sex steroid exposure increases mean plasma growth hormone concentration and pulse amplitude in men with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Steroids 12-19 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 51-65 6575911-0 1983 Antagonistic action of estrogens, flutamide, and human growth hormone on androgen-induced changes in the activities of some enzymes of hepatic steroid metabolism in the rat. Steroids 143-150 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 55-69 6109446-0 1980 Role of somatostatin in the modulation of hypophysial growth hormone production by gonadal steroids. Steroids 91-99 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 54-68 6296844-4 1982 These events are shown to occur physiologically in animals and further establish the importance of growth hormone gene expression as a model for steroid regulation. Steroids 145-152 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 99-113 226196-0 1979 The growth-hormone in long-term steroid-treated patients with chronic active hepatitis. Steroids 32-39 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 6244494-1 1980 Receptor sites for lactogenic hormones such as prolactin (PRL), human growth hormone (HGH), and placental lactogens, are widely distributed in mammalian tissues, including mammary glands, steroid-secreting cells of the adrenal, testis, and ovary, and target cells of steroid hormone action such as liver, prostrate, and kidney. Steroids 188-195 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 70-84 6244494-1 1980 Receptor sites for lactogenic hormones such as prolactin (PRL), human growth hormone (HGH), and placental lactogens, are widely distributed in mammalian tissues, including mammary glands, steroid-secreting cells of the adrenal, testis, and ovary, and target cells of steroid hormone action such as liver, prostrate, and kidney. Steroids 267-282 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 70-84 6444710-10 1980 This study indicates that prenatal betamethasone treatment causes a transient suppression of fetal growth hormone and presumably those pituitary hormones which regulate steroid production by both the definitive and fetal zones of the fetal adrenal. Steroids 169-176 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 99-113 366232-5 1978 Steroids may suppress growth by direct action on cell metabolism, by inhibition of growth hormone or somatomedin and/or by effects on calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Steroids 0-8 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 83-97 668720-5 1978 In long-term steroid treatment, suppression of GH is observed in only 1 out of 3 patients. Steroids 13-20 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 47-49 176296-5 1976 Stimulation of steroid biosynthesis from [14C]acetate was also achieved by addition of human growth hormone chorionic somato-mammotrophin. Steroids 15-22 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 93-107 163846-7 1975 It is concluded that the variable GH responses to synthetic 1-24 ACTH may be in part due to prevailing concentrations of sex steroids and their effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary GH release mechanism. Steroids 125-133 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 34-36 5909247-1 1966 The effects of various steroid hormones on the insulin-induced growth hormone response. Steroids 23-39 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 63-77 5168437-0 1971 [Growth hormone during administration of adrenocortical steroids in thyroid diseases]. Steroids 56-64 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 1-15 5620154-0 1967 [Blood serum somatotropin content in patients with cerebro-pituitary dwarfism and its changes during anabolic steroid therapy]. Steroids 110-117 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 13-25 33642061-0 2021 Growth hormone improves insulin-like growth factor 1 and steroid hormone levels in follicle fluid, expression of hormone receptors in granulosa cells, and in vitro fertilization outcomes of poor ovarian responders. Steroids 57-64 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-14 30765453-4 2019 We report a 20-year-old man who developed bilateral osteonecrosis of the hip following 6 years of low-dose steroid replacement therapy for panhypopituitarism secondary to a transsphenoidal resection of a growth hormone-secreting pituitary macroadenoma. Steroids 107-114 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 204-218 31379735-8 2019 As a result of the influences that GH exerts on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, facilitating the release of gonadotropins, and given the relationship between GH and local ovarian factors such as VEGF-A, FGF-2, IGF-1, or production of sex steroids, we assume that GH has to be a necessary factor in ovarian angiogenesis, as it happens in other vascular beds. Steroids 247-255 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 35-37 29172848-1 2018 Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) and other hormones such as growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have been shown to increase muscle mass in patients suffering from various diseases related to muscle atrophy. Steroids 20-28 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 62-76 29172848-1 2018 Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) and other hormones such as growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have been shown to increase muscle mass in patients suffering from various diseases related to muscle atrophy. Steroids 20-28 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 78-80 27789462-0 2017 Variations in sex steroid priming for growth hormone stimulation testing in UK. Steroids 18-25 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 38-52 29353264-13 2018 The presence of the sex steroid hormones during minipubertal period influence growth pattern positively under GH treatment (closer to the normal percentage according to age and gender). Steroids 24-31 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 110-112 28477733-9 2017 The differential effects of estrogens and androgens influence the dose of GH replacement in patients with hypopituitarism on concomitant treatment with sex steroids. Steroids 156-164 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 74-76 19094072-3 2009 The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that physiological changes in ovarian steroids during the normal menstrual cycle modulate GH and prolactin (PRL) response to ghrelin. Steroids 87-95 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 139-141 26284958-7 2015 GH can counteract the deleterious immunosuppressive effects of stress-induced steroids. Steroids 78-86 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 0-2 23329747-0 2012 The pros and cons of sex steroid priming in growth hormone stimulation testing. Steroids 25-32 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 44-58 21528804-0 2011 Sex steroid priming for growth hormone (GH) provocative tests: an endless debate with insufficient solutions. Steroids 4-11 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 24-38 21528804-0 2011 Sex steroid priming for growth hormone (GH) provocative tests: an endless debate with insufficient solutions. Steroids 4-11 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 40-42 19940496-0 2009 Can growth hormone counteract the catabolic effects of steroids? Steroids 55-63 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 4-18 19940496-5 2009 CONCLUSIONS: Both GH and IGF-I may decrease the catabolic effects of chronic steroid use in humans, particularly by enhancing lean body mass accrual and, in children, by increasing linear growth. Steroids 77-84 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-20 20439575-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Growth hormone is widely abused by athletes, frequently with androgenic steroids. Steroids 84-92 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 12-26 19885810-2 2009 It is estimated that up to 25% of sportsmen using anabolic-androgenic steroids also take GH. Steroids 70-78 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 89-91 19569021-3 2009 Anabolic Androgenic Steroids are very often used in combination with other doping agents (erythropoietin, growth hormone, thyroxin). Steroids 20-28 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 106-120 18365255-5 2009 Longitudinal growth post-transplantation is therefore influenced by the age at transplantation but also by subsequent allograft function and steroid exposure, both of which interfere with the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor axis. Steroids 141-148 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 192-206 19240251-11 2009 In conclusion, a paradigm examining GHRH-GHRP synergy under a sex steroid clamp reveals highly selective control of basal, pulsatile, and synergistic peptide-driven GH secretion by AVF, E(2), and IGF-I in healthy men. Steroids 66-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 36-38 16984231-2 2006 Sex steroids can act centrally by regulating GH secretion and peripherally modulating GH responsiveness. Steroids 4-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 45-47 18540253-6 2008 RESULTS: Twenty-one of 39 children (53.8%) increased their GH response to a level of >10 microg/l following priming with gonadal steroids. Steroids 132-140 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 59-61 18540253-11 2008 CONCLUSIONS: Priming with gonadal steroids significantly improves GH secretion following GH stimulation with clonidine and diminishes the possibility of a false diagnosis of GH deficiency. Steroids 34-42 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 66-68 18540253-11 2008 CONCLUSIONS: Priming with gonadal steroids significantly improves GH secretion following GH stimulation with clonidine and diminishes the possibility of a false diagnosis of GH deficiency. Steroids 34-42 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 89-91 18540253-12 2008 Gonadal steroid priming should therefore be considered in the evaluation of the GH status of short children close to or during the early stages of puberty. Steroids 8-15 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 80-82 17311540-0 2007 Recombinant human growth hormone in abstinent androgenic-anabolic steroid use: psychological, endocrine and trophic factor effects. Steroids 66-73 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 18-32 17492509-6 2007 The advent of recombinant growth hormone has led to a number of studies treating elderly patients with GH alone or in combination with sex steroids or exercise. Steroids 139-147 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-40 18082739-10 2008 CONCLUSION(S): These results demonstrate for the first time that leptin can modulate the effect of GH on steroids production by human luteinized GC in culture. Steroids 105-113 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 99-101 17512232-0 2007 Short-term recombinant human growth hormone administration improves respiratory function in abstinent anabolic-androgenic steroid users. Steroids 122-129 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 29-43 17512232-1 2007 OBJECTIVES: To determine whether 6 days recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) administration, in an abstinent anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) using group had any respiratory, endurance exercise and biochemical effects compared with an abstinent AAS control group. Steroids 132-139 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 58-72 17324600-0 2007 Evidence for a decrease in cardiovascular risk factors following recombinant growth hormone administration in abstinent anabolic-androgenic steroid users. Steroids 140-147 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 77-91 17336734-0 2007 Regulation of growth hormone action by gonadal steroids. Steroids 47-55 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 14-28 17336734-1 2007 Sex steroids modulate growth hormone (GH) secretion and action. Steroids 4-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-36 17336734-1 2007 Sex steroids modulate growth hormone (GH) secretion and action. Steroids 4-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 38-40 17336734-4 2007 The strong modulatory effect of gonadal steroids on GH responsiveness provides insights into the biologic basis of sexual dimorphism in growth, development, and body composition and practical information for the clinical endocrinologist in the treatment of hypopituitary patients. Steroids 40-48 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 52-54 16984231-2 2006 Sex steroids can act centrally by regulating GH secretion and peripherally modulating GH responsiveness. Steroids 4-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 86-88 16984231-3 2006 This review addresses data of potential clinical relevance on how sex steroids modulate GH secretion and action, aiming to increase the understanding of sex steroid/GH interactions and leading to improved management of patients. Steroids 70-78 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 88-90 16984231-3 2006 This review addresses data of potential clinical relevance on how sex steroids modulate GH secretion and action, aiming to increase the understanding of sex steroid/GH interactions and leading to improved management of patients. Steroids 70-78 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 165-167 16984231-3 2006 This review addresses data of potential clinical relevance on how sex steroids modulate GH secretion and action, aiming to increase the understanding of sex steroid/GH interactions and leading to improved management of patients. Steroids 70-77 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 88-90 16984231-3 2006 This review addresses data of potential clinical relevance on how sex steroids modulate GH secretion and action, aiming to increase the understanding of sex steroid/GH interactions and leading to improved management of patients. Steroids 70-77 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 165-167 16984231-4 2006 Sex steroids regulate GH secretion directly as well as indirectly through IGF-I modulation. Steroids 4-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 22-24 16984231-8 2006 Gonadal steroids modify the metabolic effects of GH. Steroids 8-16 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 49-51 16984231-12 2006 This strong modulatory effect of gonadal steroids on GH responsiveness provides insights into the biological basis of sexual dimorphism in growth, development and body composition and practical information for the clinical endocrinologist. Steroids 41-49 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 53-55 16212144-9 2005 In this review, we examine the current evidence regarding cardiovascular risk for persons using anabolic-androgenic steroids including 2 synthetic substances, tetrahydrogestrinone and androstenedione (andro), stimulants such as ephedra, and nonsteroidal agents such as recombinant human erythropoietin, human growth hormone, creatine, and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate. Steroids 116-124 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 309-323 16809927-0 2006 Regulating of growth hormone sensitivity by sex steroids: implications for therapy. Steroids 48-56 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 14-28 16809927-2 2006 The emergence of differences in body composition between the sexes during puberty suggests sex steroids modulate the action of GH. Steroids 95-103 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 127-129 15998502-7 2005 There is evidence that besides the main endocrine hormones luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone (GH) local regulators as growth factors, peptides, steroids and prostaglandins are important modulators of luteal function. Steroids 154-162 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 88-102 16369208-5 2005 During puberty, elevated sex steroid concentrations (especially oestrogens) stimulate GH production, leading to an activation of the whole GH/Insulinlike growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis. Steroids 29-36 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 86-88 15998502-7 2005 There is evidence that besides the main endocrine hormones luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone (GH) local regulators as growth factors, peptides, steroids and prostaglandins are important modulators of luteal function. Steroids 154-162 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 104-106 15131758-1 2004 Sex steroids play an important role in modulating pulsatile growth hormone (GH) release, acting at both hypothalamic and pituitary level in both humans and experimental animals. Steroids 4-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 60-74 16286769-5 2005 These data clearly suggest that hepatic suppression of IGF-I production by oestrogen subserves the gender difference in GH sensitivity, but it is also likely that sex steroids may interact with the GH/IGF axis at other levels. Steroids 167-175 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 198-200 15579776-0 2004 Divergent effect of endogenous and exogenous sex steroids on the insulin-like growth factor I response to growth hormone in short normal adolescents. Steroids 49-57 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 106-120 15131758-1 2004 Sex steroids play an important role in modulating pulsatile growth hormone (GH) release, acting at both hypothalamic and pituitary level in both humans and experimental animals. Steroids 4-12 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 76-78 14677197-0 2003 Effects on growth and body composition of growth hormone treatment in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis requiring steroid therapy. Steroids 124-131 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 42-56 15761236-6 2004 These data clearly suggest that hepatic suppression of IGF-I production by oestrogen subserves the gender difference in GH sensitivity, but it is also likely that sex steroids may interact with the GH/IGF axis at further levels. Steroids 167-175 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 198-200 14610296-0 2003 Sex-steroid modulation of growth hormone (GH) secretory control: three-peptide ensemble regulation under dual feedback restraint by GH and IGF-I. Steroids 4-11 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 26-40 14610296-0 2003 Sex-steroid modulation of growth hormone (GH) secretory control: three-peptide ensemble regulation under dual feedback restraint by GH and IGF-I. Steroids 4-11 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 42-44 14610296-0 2003 Sex-steroid modulation of growth hormone (GH) secretory control: three-peptide ensemble regulation under dual feedback restraint by GH and IGF-I. Steroids 4-11 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 132-134 14610296-9 2003 In conclusion, the present conceptual platform of tri-peptide-directed feedforward and GH/IGF-I-mediated feedback should aid in unraveling some of the complex regulatory dynamics targeted by sex-steroid hormones. Steroids 195-202 growth hormone 1 Homo sapiens 87-89