PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 7812715-2 1994 The first step of the pathway, the reduction of nitrate to nitrite, is catalyzed by nitrate reductase, a multi-redox cofactor enzyme which belongs to the class of flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductases. Nitrates 48-55 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 84-101 8953249-5 1996 The effects of biochemical inhibitors on the nitrate-dependent induction of the gene for ZmSUMT1 coincided with the effects on the genes for other nitrate-assimilatory enzymes, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase. Nitrates 45-52 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 177-194 16667965-1 1991 The level of nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR) varied in both shoot and root tissue from nitrate-fed Zea mays L. grown under a 16-hour light/8-hour dark regime over a 10-day period postgermination, with peak activity occurring in days 5 to 6. Nitrates 13-20 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 32-34 8278505-2 1993 A possible physiological role of this enzyme could be in the turnover of nitrate reductase (NR) and, as such, it could be of great importance in regulating the assimilation of nitrate. Nitrates 73-80 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 92-94 1731978-0 1992 Nitrate reductase transcript is expressed in the primary response of maize to environmental nitrate. Nitrates 92-99 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 0-17 1731978-1 1992 The nitrate induction of NADH:nitrate reductase mRNA in maize roots, scutella and leaves was investigated in the presence and absence of inhibitors of protein synthesis. Nitrates 4-11 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 30-47 1731978-2 1992 In the absence of inhibitors, nitrate treatment caused a fairly rapid (2 to 3 h) increase in the level of the nitrate reductase transcript in all tissues. Nitrates 30-37 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 110-127 1731978-3 1992 When cytoplasmic protein synthesis was inhibited by cycloheximide, nitrate reductase mRNA was induced by nitrate in all tissues to levels equal to or greater than those found with nitrate treatment alone. Nitrates 105-112 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 67-84 16667152-6 1989 Incorporation of [(35)S]methionine during nitrate treatment revealed that total soluble protein and nitrate reductase protein synthesis were both depressed by the O(2) environment relative to air, but both recovered when leaves were shifted from O(2) to air. Nitrates 42-49 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 100-117 7579165-3 1995 In this paper, we present detailed evidence to show that PMA mimics the red light effect and follows similar kinetics to enhance NR steady-state transcript accumulation in a nitrate-dependent manner. Nitrates 174-181 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 129-131 16666879-5 1989 When nitrate was supplied to N-starved, etiolated corn plants, nitrate reductase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA levels in leaves increased in parallel. Nitrates 5-12 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 63-80 16666905-3 1989 Both NR and NiR mRNA were transiently induced with levels decreasing after the 2 hours despite the continued presence of nitrate in the medium. Nitrates 121-128 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 5-7 16666879-6 1989 When green leaves were treated with nitrate, only nitrate reductase mRNA levels were increased. Nitrates 36-43 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 50-67 16666879-7 1989 Nitrate is a specific inducer of nitrate reductase in green leaves, but appears to have a more general effect in etiolated leaves. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 33-50 16666879-8 1989 In the dark, nitrate induced nitrate reductase expression in both etiolated and green leaves, indicating light and functional chloroplast were not required for enzyme expression. Nitrates 13-20 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 29-46 16666905-0 1989 Nitrate effects on nitrate reductase activity and nitrite reductase mRNA levels in maize suspension cultures. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 19-36 16661600-4 1980 Increases in nitrate supply resulted in decreases in nitrate reductase activity and negligible increases in reduced N in the roots of both hybrids. Nitrates 13-20 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 53-70 16666423-0 1988 The role of nitrate and ammonium ions and light on the induction of nitrate reductase in maize leaves. Nitrates 12-19 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 68-85 16665101-1 1986 Bromphenol blue, which was reduced with dithionite, was found to support nitrate reduction catalyzed by squash NADH:nitrate reductase at a rate about 5 times greater than NADH with freshly prepared enzyme and 10 times or more with enzyme having been frozen and thawed. Nitrates 73-80 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 116-133 16665101-2 1986 Kinetic analysis of bromphenol blue as a substrate for squash nitrate reductase yielded apparent K(m) values of 60 micromolar for bromphenol blue at 10 millimolar nitrate and 500 micromolar for nitrate at 0.2 millimolar bromphenol blue. Nitrates 163-170 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 62-79 3015963-2 1986 Besides the reduction of nitrate by NADH, nitrate reductase also catalyzes the partial activities NADH:cytochrome c reductase, NADH:ferricyanide reductase, and reduced methyl viologen:nitrate reductase. Nitrates 25-32 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 42-59 3015963-2 1986 Besides the reduction of nitrate by NADH, nitrate reductase also catalyzes the partial activities NADH:cytochrome c reductase, NADH:ferricyanide reductase, and reduced methyl viologen:nitrate reductase. Nitrates 25-32 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 184-201 16664640-9 1986 Western blots of polyacrylamide gels of native and denatured crude extracts showed that NADH:NR polypeptide was absent prior to treatment with N nutrients, but appeared after nitrate was given in dark or light. Nitrates 175-182 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 93-95 16662876-5 1983 Inasmuch as nitrate reduction results in the production of OH(-) and stimulates the synthesis of organic anions, it was postulated that nitrate reductase activity of roots is stimulated by the released OH(-) or by the synthesized organic anions rather than by nitrate itself. Nitrates 12-19 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 136-153 16661600-6 1980 Hybrid B also had lower nitrate reductase activity at all levels of external nitrate and accumulated less reduced N than did hybrid C, except when the plants were grown at 2.5 millimolar nitrate. Nitrates 77-84 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 24-41 16659360-5 1975 The response to glucose is seen over a wide range of external NO(3) (-) concentrations.Nitrate reductase activity is lost rapidly when nitrate is withdrawn from the induction medium. Nitrates 135-142 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 87-104 16659704-2 1976 The roles that leaf nitrate content and nitrate flux play in regulating the levels of nitrate reductase activity (NRA) were investigated in 8- to 14-day old maize (Zea mays L.) plants containing high nitrate levels while other environmental and endogenous factors were constant. Nitrates 20-27 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 86-103 16659704-2 1976 The roles that leaf nitrate content and nitrate flux play in regulating the levels of nitrate reductase activity (NRA) were investigated in 8- to 14-day old maize (Zea mays L.) plants containing high nitrate levels while other environmental and endogenous factors were constant. Nitrates 40-47 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 86-103 16659704-2 1976 The roles that leaf nitrate content and nitrate flux play in regulating the levels of nitrate reductase activity (NRA) were investigated in 8- to 14-day old maize (Zea mays L.) plants containing high nitrate levels while other environmental and endogenous factors were constant. Nitrates 40-47 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 86-103 16661380-9 1980 From the patterns of plant nitrate content it was deduced that the low nitrate reductase genotypes terminated nitrate absorption sooner than the high nitrate reductase types. Nitrates 27-34 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 71-88 16660571-6 1978 Because the specific activity of nitrate reductase was severalfold lower than the other enzymes involved in nitrate assimilation, nitrate reduction is indicated as the rate-limiting step in situ. Nitrates 108-115 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 33-50 16659754-2 1976 Decreases in leaf nitrate supply were associated with decreases in induction of nitrate reductase, thus supporting the view that the influx of nitrate to a tissue is a major factor in regulation of the level of nitrate reductase. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 80-97 16659754-2 1976 Decreases in leaf nitrate supply were associated with decreases in induction of nitrate reductase, thus supporting the view that the influx of nitrate to a tissue is a major factor in regulation of the level of nitrate reductase. Nitrates 18-25 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 211-228 16659754-2 1976 Decreases in leaf nitrate supply were associated with decreases in induction of nitrate reductase, thus supporting the view that the influx of nitrate to a tissue is a major factor in regulation of the level of nitrate reductase. Nitrates 80-87 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 211-228 16659373-6 1975 The pattern of induction of nitrate reductase was coincident with the pattern of nitrate uptake as a function of time and increasing nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 81-88 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 28-45 16659373-7 1975 The rate of induction of nitrate reductase was regulated by the rate of nitrate flux.Washing the roots for 2 hours enhances nitrate uptake by 2.5-fold over the nonwashed tissue. Nitrates 72-79 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 25-42 16658530-1 1973 In a study on 3-day maize (Zea mays) seedlings, grown on nitrate, requirements were established for the maximum extraction and optimum stabilization of nitrate reductase in vitro. Nitrates 57-64 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 152-169 16658530-6 1973 A high level of nitrate (approximately 100 mm) was required to saturate the induction of nitrate reductase in the root tip, mature root, and scutellum. Nitrates 16-23 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 89-106 16658530-7 1973 The concentration of nitrate required to give half the maximum level of enzyme induced was the same for each region (29 mm).After leaf expansion, more than 90% of the nitrate reductase was in the shoot, mainly in the leaf blade, and a marked decrease occurred in the level of the enzyme in the scutellum. Nitrates 21-28 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 167-184 16658531-10 1973 The activity of the nitrate reductase inactivating enzyme was not influenced by nitrate and was also found in the mature root of minus nitrate-grown seedlings. Nitrates 80-87 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 20-37 31867024-5 2019 Nitrate uptake and assimilation is enhanced in omeprazole treated plants through changes in nitrate reductase activity, primary metabolism, and gene expression. Nitrates 0-7 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 92-109 16658419-3 1973 Experiments were conducted to determine whether the decrease in nitrate reductase activity was due to reduced levels of nitrate in the tissue, direct inactivation of the enzyme by low leaf water potentials, or to changes in rates of synthesis or decay of the enzyme.Although tissue nitrate content decreased with the onset of desiccation, it did not continue to decline with tissue desiccation and loss of enzyme activity. Nitrates 120-127 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 64-81 16658419-4 1973 Nitrate reductase activity recovered when the plants were rewatered with nitrate-free medium, suggesting that the nitrate in the plant was adequate for high nitrate reductase activity. Nitrates 73-80 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 0-17 16658419-4 1973 Nitrate reductase activity recovered when the plants were rewatered with nitrate-free medium, suggesting that the nitrate in the plant was adequate for high nitrate reductase activity. Nitrates 73-80 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 157-174 16658419-4 1973 Nitrate reductase activity recovered when the plants were rewatered with nitrate-free medium, suggesting that the nitrate in the plant was adequate for high nitrate reductase activity. Nitrates 114-121 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 0-17 16658419-4 1973 Nitrate reductase activity recovered when the plants were rewatered with nitrate-free medium, suggesting that the nitrate in the plant was adequate for high nitrate reductase activity. Nitrates 114-121 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 157-174 16657550-1 1970 Nitrate reductase activity was induced by nitrate in green corn (Zea mays) leaves in either light or darkness. Nitrates 42-49 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 0-17 31867024-6 2019 Omeprazole enhances nitrate assimilation through an interaction with nitrate reductase, altering its activation state and affinity for nitrate as a substrate. Nitrates 20-27 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 69-86 11244107-9 2001 Because at this locus coincidences of QTLs for grain yield, GS, NR activity, and nitrate content were also observed, we hypothesize that leaf nitrate accumulation and the reactions catalyzed by NR and GS are coregulated and represent key elements controlling nitrogen use efficiency in maize. Nitrates 81-88 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 194-196 20845308-3 2010 The nitrate reductase (NR) gene, which plays a central role in nitrate acquisition, was the target gene for this research. Nitrates 4-11 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 23-25 11878390-2 2002 This method is similar to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency method 353.2 and U.S. Geological Survey method 1-2545-90 except that nitrate is reduced to nitrite by soluble nitrate reductase (NaR, EC 1.6.6.1) purified from corn leaves rather than a packed-bed cadmium reactor. Nitrates 132-139 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 173-190 20738805-3 2010 Nitrate reductase enzyme activity is responsible for the reduction of nitrate to nitrite, and nitrate is the major form of nitrogen assimilated in plants. Nitrates 70-77 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 0-17 11244107-9 2001 Because at this locus coincidences of QTLs for grain yield, GS, NR activity, and nitrate content were also observed, we hypothesize that leaf nitrate accumulation and the reactions catalyzed by NR and GS are coregulated and represent key elements controlling nitrogen use efficiency in maize. Nitrates 142-149 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 64-66 11244107-9 2001 Because at this locus coincidences of QTLs for grain yield, GS, NR activity, and nitrate content were also observed, we hypothesize that leaf nitrate accumulation and the reactions catalyzed by NR and GS are coregulated and represent key elements controlling nitrogen use efficiency in maize. Nitrates 142-149 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 194-196 10205669-6 1999 The products of nitrate reduction i.e., nitrite and ammonium ion had inhibitory and stimulatory effects respectively, on NR transcript accumulation. Nitrates 16-23 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 121-123 12223730-3 1997 The induction of nitrate reductase (NR) activity was reduced at both external nitrate concentrations. Nitrates 17-24 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 36-38 10205669-0 1999 Roles of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium ion in phytochrome regulation of nitrate reductase gene expression in maize. Nitrates 9-16 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 72-89 10205669-1 1999 The influence of nitrate and its metabolites on the nitrate reductase (NR) gene expression and its relationship with phytochrome (Pfr) regulation of NR in etiolated maize leaves is examined. Nitrates 17-24 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 52-69 10205669-1 1999 The influence of nitrate and its metabolites on the nitrate reductase (NR) gene expression and its relationship with phytochrome (Pfr) regulation of NR in etiolated maize leaves is examined. Nitrates 17-24 nitrate reductase [NADH] 1 Zea mays 71-73