PMID-sentid	Pub_year	Sent_text		comp_official_name	comp_offsetprotein_name	organism	prot_offset
10375953-0	1999	[Renal renin-angiotensin system in homeostatic water-electrolyte regulation].	Water	47-52	renin	Homo sapiens	7-12	
10489388-1	1999	The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays an important role in blood pressure regulation by influencing salt-water homeostasis and vascular tone.	Water	114-119	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
9548645-4	1998	The water absorption response could be induced by intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular injection of angiotensin II, demonstrating that components of the renin-angiotensin system on both sides of the blood-brain barrier have a dipsogenic function in amphibians.	Water	4-9	renin	Homo sapiens	160-165	
9532514-2	1997	Blocking this enzymatic cascade has been the focus of considerable research to the extent that the renin-angiotensin system is implicated in the control of blood pressure, sodium and water homeostasis, and cardiovascular function and structure.	Water	183-188	renin	Homo sapiens	99-104	
9338654-3	1997	METHODS: Excretion rates of sodium and water were correlated with the excretion of urodilatin and with circulating levels of atrial natriuretic factor, antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and plasma renin activity during a period of 16 hours in 12 patients having had coronary artery bypass operations and with approximately a 400% elevation in levels of atrial natriuretic factor.	Water	39-44	renin	Homo sapiens	198-203	
8879347-3	1996	Responses to water immersion without epinephrine were characterized by significant suppression of plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration, and renal norepinephrine excretion, and an augmentation of natriuresis and diuresis.	Water	13-18	renin	Homo sapiens	105-110	
9296068-12	1997	Angiotensiongen is the substrate of renin, and the renin-angiotensinogen reaction is the first and limiting step in the pathway that leads to production of angiotensin II, a peptide with important effects on blood pressure control and the metabolism of water and sodium.	Water	253-258	renin	Homo sapiens	36-41	
9296068-12	1997	Angiotensiongen is the substrate of renin, and the renin-angiotensinogen reaction is the first and limiting step in the pathway that leads to production of angiotensin II, a peptide with important effects on blood pressure control and the metabolism of water and sodium.	Water	253-258	renin	Homo sapiens	51-56	
9201991-2	1997	Renin is a rate-limiting enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system that regulates blood pressure and water-electrolyte balance.	Water	98-103	renin	Homo sapiens	0-5	
9201991-2	1997	Renin is a rate-limiting enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system that regulates blood pressure and water-electrolyte balance.	Water	98-103	renin	Homo sapiens	39-44	
8693005-6	1996	Mechanisms integrated in the hypothalamus (the evolutionary ancient midbrain) control water retention and facilitate excretion of sodium, and also control the secretion of renin by the kidney.	Water	86-91	renin	Homo sapiens	172-177	
8790265-2	1996	The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, the sympathetic nervous system, and arginine vasopressin are responsible for sodium and water retention in patients with cirrhosis.	Water	130-135	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
8931343-1	1996	Renin-angiotensin system plays a prominent role in the sodium and water homeostasis.	Water	66-71	renin	Homo sapiens	0-5	
8955763-4	1996	The patients with a decreased response to water load had hyponatremia, hypervolemia, high cardiac index, low systemic vascular resistance, high plasma arginine vasopressin, high plasma renin activity, high plasma norepinephrine, low creatinine and p-aminohippurate clearances, low urine sodium and high urine osmolality.	Water	42-47	renin	Homo sapiens	185-190	
8629540-1	1996	Pharmacologic agents that attenuate the influence of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are known to reduce systemic arterial blood pressure through vasodilatory action and enhanced renal clearance of sodium and water.	Water	218-223	renin	Homo sapiens	57-62	
8955763-6	1996	The findings suggest that a decreased response to water load is due to peripheral vasodilatation which results in a decreased effective blood volume leading to the release of vasopressin and norepinephrine, increased renin activity and decreased renal hemodynamics.	Water	50-55	renin	Homo sapiens	217-222	
8554732-1	1995	Plasma active renin consists of multiple glycoforms, which are differentially stored and secreted by the kidney, have varying plasma half-lives, and appear to have differing effects on renal sodium and water metabolism.	Water	202-207	renin	Homo sapiens	14-19	
8903836-12	1995	In conclusion, GH administration induces an elevation in total body water which may involve a stimulation of plasma renin and an increased ECV without any changes in PV or diurnal blood pressure.	Water	68-73	renin	Homo sapiens	116-121	
8855132-6	1996	These investigations suggest that the removal of large quantities of water and salt in each dialysis session may cause excessive secretion of renin.	Water	69-74	renin	Homo sapiens	142-147	
8177268-1	1994	BACKGROUND: The renin-angiotensin system is a powerful pressor system with a major influence on salt and water homeostasis.	Water	105-110	renin	Homo sapiens	16-21	
8567519-10	1995	Aldosterone response to renin was maintained among the SLH group but was attenuated in the HA groups, possibly owing to a protective mechanism against salt and water retention.	Water	160-165	renin	Homo sapiens	24-29	
7611241-10	1995	The results of the present analysis show that acute water loading per se may enhance renal sodium excretion and hence modify the level of activity of the renin-angiotensin system expected from a given sodium diet.	Water	52-57	renin	Homo sapiens	154-159	
7634256-3	1994	Angiotensin II and renin also regulate the input of water and salt through an unequivocal dipsogenic effect.	Water	52-57	renin	Homo sapiens	19-24	
17020832-1	1994	The conformational equilibrium of a decapeptide renin inhibitor (Renin Inhibitory Peptide (RIP), NH-P-H-P-F-H-F-F-V-Y-K-CO2H) in water, methanol and trifluoroethanol has been investigated.	Water	129-134	renin	Homo sapiens	48-53	
17020832-1	1994	The conformational equilibrium of a decapeptide renin inhibitor (Renin Inhibitory Peptide (RIP), NH-P-H-P-F-H-F-F-V-Y-K-CO2H) in water, methanol and trifluoroethanol has been investigated.	Water	129-134	renin	Homo sapiens	65-70	
8205752-14	1994	Finally, by comparing the effects of enalapril and indomethacin in experimental groups with an equivalent degree of KD, evidence is provided in favour of the interaction between renin-angiotensin and prostanoid systems in controlling the glomerular filtration rate and the salt and water handling by renal tubules.	Water	282-287	renin	Homo sapiens	178-183	
8187317-5	1994	In the diabetes insipidus group, water deprivation caused a twofold increase in plasma renin activities (48 +/- 13.8 ng/l min) while in the control group plasma renin activity levels were not significantly altered (10.2 +/- 1.2 ng/l min).	Water	33-38	renin	Homo sapiens	87-92	
8187317-5	1994	In the diabetes insipidus group, water deprivation caused a twofold increase in plasma renin activities (48 +/- 13.8 ng/l min) while in the control group plasma renin activity levels were not significantly altered (10.2 +/- 1.2 ng/l min).	Water	33-38	renin	Homo sapiens	161-166	
8187317-10	1994	There is a dissociation between renin and aldosterone in patients with diabetes insipidus under basal conditions, which is exaggerated during water deprivation.	Water	142-147	renin	Homo sapiens	32-37	
8156731-12	1994	After 6 months on recombinant human growth hormone total body water showed a significant negative correlation with plasma renin activity.	Water	62-67	renin	Homo sapiens	122-127	
8156731-15	1994	An increased plasma renin activity associated with the lack of blood pressure rise would reinforce sodium and water retention.	Water	110-115	renin	Homo sapiens	20-25	
8179847-3	1994	Head out of water immersion (HOI) in a thermoneutral bath induces diuresis and natriuresis, an increase in plasma ANF, and reductions in plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentrations.	Water	12-17	renin	Homo sapiens	144-149	
7954533-6	1994	Activation of the renin-angiotensin system favours the proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium and water, which may result in dilutional hyponatraemia.	Water	99-104	renin	Homo sapiens	18-23	
8106635-2	1994	Water immersion alone induced a marked, comparable natriuresis (P < 0.001) in both hypertensive groups where a slight reduction of already suppressed renin-angiotensin system and a marked stimulation of atrial natriuretic peptide was also observed (P < 0.03 and P < 0.002, respectively).	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	153-158	
8496918-0	1993	Orally active water-soluble N,O-acyl transfer products of a beta,gamma-bishydroxyl amide containing renin inhibitor.	Water	14-19	renin	Homo sapiens	100-105	
8112708-1	1993	The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is known as a system which constricts vessels and enhances renal retention of sodium and water to raise the blood pressure.	Water	124-129	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
8222514-12	1993	Head-out water immersion suppressed plasma renin activity only in the normal group, whereas the plasma aldosterone level was suppressed in both groups.	Water	9-14	renin	Homo sapiens	43-48	
7690183-3	1993	The classical baroceptor, neurogenic, and macula densa mechanisms regulate renin expression at the cellular level by Ca2+, adenosine 3",5"-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), and chemiosmotic forces (K+, Cl-, and water flux coupled to H+ movement).	Water	206-211	renin	Homo sapiens	75-80	
8096392-2	1993	Water homeostasis is regulated by arginine vasopressin (AVP), the renin-angiotensin system and natriuretic hormones.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	66-71	
1362543-3	1992	The diuretic-induced loss of salt and water activates several hormonal systems such as vasopressin, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system or the sympathetic nervous system which tend to compensate for the changes in sodium and water balance.	Water	38-43	renin	Homo sapiens	104-109	
1415100-8	1992	Altered relationships between intrarenal hormone systems, such as the renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems, may be important in salt and water retention.	Water	147-152	renin	Homo sapiens	70-75	
1633072-7	1992	Activity of the renin-angiotensin system is associated with sodium and water retention and plasma volume expansion.	Water	71-76	renin	Homo sapiens	16-21	
1385832-1	1992	Water immersion to the neck is able to provoke a profound suppression of the renin-angiotensin system in several clinical conditions associated with hyper-reninaemia.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	77-82	
1534205-4	1992	Atrial natriuretic peptide concentration was higher (P less than 0.05) and plasma renin activity was lower (P less than 0.05) in water than on land at 40% peak VO2 through minute 5 of recovery.	Water	129-134	renin	Homo sapiens	82-87	
2002992-1	1991	Primary peripheral arterial vasodilation with relative underfilling of the arterial circulation occurs in early pregnancy and leads to several consequences, including decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressures, enhanced cardiac output secondary to afterload reduction, stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, nonosmotic stimulation of thirst and vasopressin release, and renal sodium and water retention with expansion of the extracellular fluid and plasma volume compartments.	Water	409-414	renin	Homo sapiens	294-299	
1930852-4	1991	Otherwise, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone were significantly reduced (P less than .05 and P less than .01 respectively) by water immersion and plasma aldosterone invariably fell below 10 ng/dL in patients with idiopathic aldosteronism.	Water	137-142	renin	Homo sapiens	18-23	
1919616-0	1991	Molecular dynamics simulation of the renin inhibitor H142 in water.	Water	61-66	renin	Homo sapiens	37-42	
2106755-1	1990	The renin angiotensin system is an important system for the regulation of blood pressure and salt and water homeostasis.	Water	102-107	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
1988713-9	1991	A decrease in plasma renin activity immediately after treatment is explained by the water immersion and the extracellular volume expansion during treatment.	Water	84-89	renin	Homo sapiens	21-26	
1754319-2	1991	Sodium and water retention in patients with the nephrotic syndrome favours an increase of the content of antidiuretic hormone and plasma renin activity.	Water	11-16	renin	Homo sapiens	137-142	
1796634-6	1991	In more severe heart failure vasoconstrictor, sodium and water-retaining mechanisms like the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are activated with the consequence of an increase of systemic vascular resistance, a reduction of renal blood flow, and an increased fluid retention.	Water	57-62	renin	Homo sapiens	93-98	
2210986-0	1990	Water immersion induced alterations of plasma vasopressin levels and activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in noninflammatory acute renal failure and end-stage renal failure.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	85-90	
2210986-1	1990	UNLABELLED: Water immersion (WI) induced alterations of plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone (Aldo), vasopressin (AVP), sodium and potassium concentrations and plasma volume (PV) were examined in 12 patients with noninflammatory acute renal failure (NARF) in the anuric/oliguric phase, in 20 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and in 15 healthy subjects.	Water	12-17	renin	Homo sapiens	63-68	
2389602-2	1990	The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system was found to play a certain role in controlling the water-electrolyte balance in premature infants.	Water	93-98	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
1966626-4	1990	The attenuation in transplant recipients of the well-documented suppression of plasma renin activity during water immersion was probably due to a combination of factors, namely lack of renal innervation and an increase in circulating ANF.	Water	108-113	renin	Homo sapiens	86-91	
2525441-0	1989	Water immersion-induced alterations of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide level and its relationship to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and vasopressin secretion in acute and chronic renal failure.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	107-112	
2588725-2	1989	Pathophysiologically, the two forms underlie an activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system with subsequent retention of water and common salt.	Water	132-137	renin	Homo sapiens	66-71	
2525441-1	1989	Water immersion (WI)-induced alterations of circulating plasma volume (PV), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma levels of aldosterone (Ald), vasopressin (AVP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were examined in 12 patients with noninflammatory acute renal failure (ARF) at the anuric/oliguric phase, in 20 hemodialyzed patients with chronic renal failure and in 15 healthy subjects.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	83-88	
2523598-0	1989	Water immersion-induced alterations of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, and vasopressin in kidney transplant recipients.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	81-86	
2474096-9	1989	This suggests that local angiotensin concentrations in the vascular and renin tissues may be more important in determining sodium and water excretion.	Water	134-139	renin	Homo sapiens	72-77	
2532119-0	1989	Water-immersion-induced alterations of atrial natriuretic peptide, plasma renin activity, aldosterone and vasopressin in diabetic patients.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	74-79	
2701149-3	1989	Furthermore, the contribution of prolactin, vasopressin and the renin-angiotensin system to the redistribution of the body fluid compartments after birth and to the regulation of neonatal salt and water metabolism has been demonstrated.	Water	197-202	renin	Homo sapiens	64-69	
2691125-1	1989	Renin plays a major role in the control of blood pressure and water and electrolyte metabolism and it is clear that blocking of this system is particularly effective in the treatment of essential hypertension and heart failure.	Water	62-67	renin	Homo sapiens	0-5	
2917956-1	1989	Water immersion produces a marked diuresis, natriuresis, and kaliuresis in association with suppression of the renin-aldosterone system.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	111-116	
2844547-4	1988	Water immersion reduced plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) from 13.0 +/- 1.7 to 6.5 +/- 0.8 ng 100 ml-1 and plasma renin activity (PRA) from 5.3 +/- 0.9 to 2.4 +/- 0.3 ng AI ml-1 h-1.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	119-124	
3076739-0	1988	Effect of water immersion on plasma renin activity and aldosteronaemia in chronic renal failure.	Water	10-15	renin	Homo sapiens	36-41	
3069620-2	1988	Effect of water immersion on changes in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in normal pregnancy and EPH gestosis].	Water	10-15	renin	Homo sapiens	44-49	
3051651-4	1988	The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is very active, retaining Na+ with water.	Water	76-81	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
3065564-0	1988	[Effect of immersion (WI) in mineral water on plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone (ALD) and vasopressin (VP) levels in the blood of patients with arterial hypertension].	Water	37-42	renin	Homo sapiens	53-58	
3326859-3	1987	The maximal water diuresis method and the lithium clearance method both showed a negative correlation between plasma renin activity and distal sodium delivery and reabsorption.	Water	12-17	renin	Homo sapiens	117-122	
3310425-0	1987	[Effect of water immersion on plasma renin activity, vasopressin and aldosterone level in diabetics].	Water	11-16	renin	Homo sapiens	37-42	
3654446-1	1987	Water immersion has long been known to produce marked diuresis, natriuresis, and kaliuresis and suppression of the renin-aldosterone system.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	115-120	
3328783-18	1987	injection of purified hog renin evoked water intake within about 1 min of injection, followed (about 6 h later) by increased salt intake.	Water	39-44	renin	Homo sapiens	26-31	
2829704-11	1987	With the induction of renin-angiotensin system for increase in water intake, threshold rates for water intake and the threshold rates for raising blood pressure seem close.	Water	63-68	renin	Homo sapiens	22-27	
2829704-11	1987	With the induction of renin-angiotensin system for increase in water intake, threshold rates for water intake and the threshold rates for raising blood pressure seem close.	Water	97-102	renin	Homo sapiens	22-27	
3531301-6	1986	However, 3 days after the ewes returned to drinking water fetal plasma renin activity was significantly higher than it was prior to maternal ingestion of 0.17 M NaCl.	Water	52-57	renin	Homo sapiens	71-76	
3092662-2	1986	Activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin II-aldosterone system and increases in circulating arginine vasopressin maintain arterial blood pressure by producing systemic arteriolar vasoconstriction and the renal retention of salt and water.	Water	262-267	renin	Homo sapiens	53-58	
3327185-3	1987	Pathophysiological features of arterial hypertension in nephritides are the following: disturbances of physiological interrelationships between renin plasma activity and the state of water-electrolyte balance; hyperaldosteronism and depression of renal prostaglandin synthesis revealed both in unchanged and lowered renal function.	Water	183-188	renin	Homo sapiens	144-149	
3516535-4	1986	Suppression of the renin-aldosterone system by water immersion alone was not significantly different from that obtained during water immersion plus dopamine blockade.	Water	47-52	renin	Homo sapiens	19-24	
3512896-2	1986	The sample was found to be highly heterogeneous in terms of the magnitude of the body"s water-filled spaces in relation to plasma renin activity (PRA) and the cooking salt gustatory sensitivity threshold, examined in the presence of various salt diets and diuretic treatments.	Water	88-93	renin	Homo sapiens	130-135	
3544726-1	1986	In ten human subjects water immersion produced a two-fold diuresis and a three-fold increase in sodium secretion together with a marked fall in plasma renin activity and aldosterone.	Water	22-27	renin	Homo sapiens	151-156	
2981464-1	1985	The renin-angiotension system is activated in many patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), resulting in angiotensin-mediated vasoconstriction and aldosterone-mediated sodium and water retention.	Water	184-189	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
3884242-0	1985	Renin-aldosterone system suppression during water immersion in renovascular hypertension.	Water	44-49	renin	Homo sapiens	0-5	
3884242-2	1985	Water immersion significantly suppressed the high peripheral renin levels of the patients despite an autonomic renin secretion from the stenotic kidney, a significant reduction of mean blood pressure and an increase in distal tubule sodium concentration.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	61-66	
2865701-3	1985	The high catecholamine values in cirrhotic patients and the activation of the renin angiotensin-aldosterone system suggest the use of beta-blockers to reduce sodium-water retention.	Water	165-170	renin	Homo sapiens	78-83	
6146444-7	1984	This coupled with a functional renin-angiotensin system regulates water and electrolyte balance.	Water	66-71	renin	Homo sapiens	31-36	
6400012-0	1984	Reactions of the renin-aldosterone system to water loading tests.	Water	45-50	renin	Homo sapiens	17-22	
6398235-0	1984	[Reactions of the renin-aldosterone system to water load tests].	Water	46-51	renin	Homo sapiens	18-23	
6754157-0	1982	Response of the renin-aldosterone system and antidiuretic hormone to oral water loading and hypertonic saline infusion during and after pregnancy.	Water	74-79	renin	Homo sapiens	16-21	
6324011-1	1984	Water immersion up to the neck (WI) results in a central hypervolemia; the increased atrial pressure, evoked by this maneuver, stimulates low pressure receptors (LPR) which exert tonic inhibition on sympathetic activity and suppresses both the renin (PRA)-aldosterone (PA) system and the ACTH-cortisol axis in normal man.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	244-249	
6954553-2	1982	Water loading promptly increased urinary excretion of PGE as well as urine flow rate and decreased urine osmolality (all p less than 0.001), but did not affect urinary excretions of sodium, potassium and creatinine, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	223-228	
6754157-2	1982	In this study the effect osmolar and water loading on the renin-angiotensin system and arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion has been tested in seven women during the third trimester and again 8-10 weeks after delivery.	Water	37-42	renin	Homo sapiens	58-63	
7026126-0	1981	Water and electrolyte composition of urine and ileal fluid and its relationship to renin and aldosterone during dietary sodium deprivation in patients with ileostomies.	Water	0-5	renin	Homo sapiens	83-88	
7021994-4	1981	Immersion in a water-bath or beta-blockade reduced the increase of plasma renin concentration after F but not after EA.	Water	15-20	renin	Homo sapiens	74-79	
6164784-4	1981	Mammalian renin injected into the brain caused the water-replete pigeon to drink but it was a less effective dipsogen than in the mammal.	Water	51-56	renin	Homo sapiens	10-15	
7001928-9	1980	Plasma renin activity was significantly elevated by water deprivation, while after rehydration this activity had decreased to levels not significantly different from predeprivation values.	Water	52-57	renin	Homo sapiens	7-12	
7012496-5	1981	In some cases PRA and A II were elevated; this however was probably due to increased renin secretion following changes in water and electrolyte balance rather than to decreased hepatic metabolism of renin.	Water	122-127	renin	Homo sapiens	85-90	
469152-7	1979	The age-related decrease of plasma renin activity is discussed on the light of the age-related impairment in the ability of the kidney to excrete sodium and water.	Water	157-162	renin	Homo sapiens	35-40	
7009025-3	1980	Since studies have demonstrated that in normal man the central hypervolaemia induced by water immersion to the neck produces a prompt and profound suppression of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration without concomitant alteration of plasma composition, immersion afforded a unique opportunity to assess simultaneously the effects of central hypervolaemia on plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration and prostaglandin E excretion.	Water	88-93	renin	Homo sapiens	169-174	
7004802-3	1980	Aldosteronism was strongly correlated to increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-system, both anteceded by restriction of the extracellular space and expansion of total body water.	Water	178-183	renin	Homo sapiens	67-72	
161182-0	1979	[Effects of water intake on variations of plasma renin activity (PRA) and blood aldosterone during physical exercise in man].	Water	12-17	renin	Homo sapiens	49-54	
219051-7	1979	This decrease of PGE in turn causes a reduction of plasma renin activity, possibly either by accelerating the retention of sodium and water or by failing to stimulate renin synthesis.	Water	134-139	renin	Homo sapiens	58-63	
501907-0	1979	Body fluid balance and fractional excretions of sodium, inorganic phosphorus, potassium and free water in low renin essential hypertension.	Water	97-102	renin	Homo sapiens	110-115	
637803-4	1978	Plasma renin and aldosterone levels were significantly reduced in the subjects receiving the electrolyte supplement compared to subjects receiving only water.	Water	152-157	renin	Homo sapiens	7-12	
391545-2	1979	There is a parallel between water intake and plasma renin activity (PRA) in states like hypovolemia, hemorrhagia, hypotension, sodium loss, etc.	Water	28-33	renin	Homo sapiens	52-57	
708175-6	1978	The low renin levels are consistent with other evidence that hypertension in these patients is related to salt and water retention.	Water	115-120	renin	Homo sapiens	8-13	
750607-1	1978	Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that the redistribution of blood volume and concomitant central hypervolemia induced by water immersion to the neck (NI), produces a prompt and profound suppression of plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PA) without concomitant alterations in serum sodium and potassium concentrations.	Water	144-149	renin	Homo sapiens	231-236	
1019160-4	1976	It was shown that intraventricular renin increased water intake, blood pressure and ADH secretion and that these effects were blocked by saralasin.	Water	51-56	renin	Homo sapiens	35-40	
874078-2	1977	We investigated the relationship of the kallikrein-kinin system and the renin-angiotensin system in the regulation of blood pressure, salt and water excretion, and renal blood flow.	Water	143-148	renin	Homo sapiens	72-77	
978878-0	1976	[Interstitial cells of the medulla and the renin-angiotensin system in disorders of water-salt homeostasis].	Water	84-89	renin	Homo sapiens	43-48	
1630-1	1976	In healthy male subjects aldosterone excretion and plasma renin activity were reduced by a 4-6 hr head-out immersion in thermoindifferent water baths (35.5 +/- 0.1 degrees C).	Water	138-143	renin	Homo sapiens	58-63	
939234-4	1976	Our study suggests that there exists a feedback between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and ADH release and that this feedback plays an important role in the regulation of water and electrolyte balance in the young infant.	Water	181-186	renin	Homo sapiens	60-65	
1190814-2	1975	The renin aldosterone system was suppressed in this child and it was suggested that this may be a factor in the development of hypernatraemia when abnormal water losses occur in infants fed on hyperosmolar feeds.	Water	156-161	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
4340438-0	1972	[Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in water-electrolyte homeostasis].	Water	41-46	renin	Homo sapiens	1-6	
49892-10	1975	It is supposed that the principal factors causing activation of the renin-angiotensin system in thyrotoxicosis were the loss of water and electrolytes by the organism and the appearance of oversensitivity to adrenergic receptors.	Water	128-133	renin	Homo sapiens	68-73	
4800041-2	1973	A clinical study of the "water-electrolyte regulation mechanism" in chronic congestive heart failure with emphasis on renin and catecholamine].	Water	25-30	renin	Homo sapiens	118-123	
4342065-0	1972	Effects of renin and angiotensin on water intake.	Water	36-41	renin	Homo sapiens	11-16	
4914435-5	1970	Nine of these 11 patients underwent bilateral nephrectomy; in each of the seven in whom the post operative result could be evaluated the blood pressure returned rapidly to normal.Plasma renin activity, measured in 34 subjects, was raised above normal in six out of nine patients whose blood pressure could not be controlled by salt and water depletion and in one of the 11 patients whose blood pressure could be so controlled, but was within the normal range in all nine normotensive patients.	Water	336-341	renin	Homo sapiens	186-191	
5138037-0	1971	[Interrelation of water, sodium and potassium in the arterial wall and renin activity in the kidney in renal hypertension].	Water	18-23	renin	Homo sapiens	71-76	
4914435-6	1970	The mean level of plasma renin activity in the first group was significantly higher than that of each of the other two groups.There was a significant correlation between hypertension during dialysis and after transplantation, suggesting that, in addition to renin, there is a non-renal factor which predisposes certain patients to hypertension in the presence of salt and water excess.	Water	372-377	renin	Homo sapiens	25-30	
4313295-0	1970	Active water-insoluble derivative of renin.	Water	7-12	renin	Homo sapiens	37-42	
30478450-2	2019	The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a major physiological regulatory pathway controlling salt-water equilibrium, intravascular volume and blood pressure.	Water	96-101	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
33328060-4	2020	Vasodilation also results in activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, which combined with changing tubular handling causes alterations in total body stores of electrolytes and total body water, resulting in a lower serum sodium concentration.	Water	200-205	renin	Homo sapiens	47-52	
32122155-6	2020	MEASURES: Dichotomous outcome variables were parental intentions to give child(ren) (1) more water and (2) less sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in their households.	Water	93-98	renin	Homo sapiens	47-50	
30387422-19	2018	CONCLUSION: In our study, the hypertension-associated polymorphisms are linked to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis (ACE I/D, ACE A2350G), as well as to salt and water management (ADD1 G460W, GNB3 C825T).	Water	167-172	renin	Homo sapiens	86-91	
28875746-1	2017	BACKGROUND: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) is detrimental through promotion of ventricular remodeling and salt and water retention.	Water	195-200	renin	Homo sapiens	12-17	
29758100-1	2018	Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a crucial role in maintaining water and electrolytes homoeostasis, and its deregulation contributes to the development of arterial hypertension.	Water	80-85	renin	Homo sapiens	0-5	
28792750-4	2017	The updated mechanism was first used to reproduce CO, CO2, and H2O concentration time histories during EF pyrolysis in the shock tube reported by Ren et al.	Water	63-66	renin	Homo sapiens	146-149	
28722461-8	2017	Activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and non-osmotic stimulation of antidiuretic hormone trigger serious changes in water and natrium-chloride metabolism.	Water	130-135	renin	Homo sapiens	14-19	
24509355-6	2014	The renin-angiotensin-system, which is one of the most important elements of the regulation of blood pressure and water-salt metabolism, plays an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy.	Water	114-119	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
28557965-4	2017	Moreover, abnormally elevated levels of uric acid results in the activation of renin-angiotensinaldosterone system and thus it may be associated with disturbances of water and electrolyte balance and the appearance of hypertension.	Water	166-171	renin	Homo sapiens	79-84	
24945466-0	2014	Regulation of cell volume and water transport--an old fundamental role of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system components at the cellular level.	Water	30-35	renin	Homo sapiens	78-83	
24945466-1	2014	The expression and the role of renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) components on regulation of cell volume and water transport on vertebrates and invertebrates were reviewed.	Water	119-124	renin	Homo sapiens	31-36	
24840884-1	2014	PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to describe the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its regulatory control of sodium, potassium, chloride, hydrogen ion, and water homeostasis through its effects on the expression and activity of distal renal tubular cotransporter proteins and to discuss the gene mutations encoding these structures that disturb the function of this system.	Water	179-184	renin	Homo sapiens	65-70	
23917810-3	2013	Aldosterone, the final product of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), not only causes salt and water reabsorbtion in the kidneys through its effect on the mineralocorticoid hormone receptor (MR), but also an MR-independent effect, not regulated by conventional MR blockade.	Water	108-113	renin	Homo sapiens	38-43	
23527826-3	2014	Herein, computational approaches were used to provide a structural characterization of the binding site, flap opening and dynamic rearrangements of REN in the key conserved residues and water molecules, with the binding of a dodecapeptide substrate or different inhibitors.	Water	186-191	renin	Homo sapiens	148-151	
23527826-9	2014	We additionally observed that the Tyr75-Trp39 H-bond has an important role in assisting flap movement, and we highlight several conserved water molecules and amino acids that are essential for the proper catalytic activity of REN.	Water	138-143	renin	Homo sapiens	226-229	
23497963-1	2013	Ascites formation in patients with cirrhosis, portal hypertension, or both usually results from hyperdynamic circulatory dysfunction, where the retention of sodium and water is associated with the activation of the sympathetic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems.	Water	168-173	renin	Homo sapiens	231-236	
23913386-1	2013	The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a key role in regulating blood pressure by maintaining vascular tone and the water/sodium balance.	Water	124-129	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
23463968-1	2013	Patients with heart failure often show increased arginine vasopressin secretion and enhanced sympathetic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activation, which accelerate renal water reabsorption, causing water retention and volume overload.	Water	174-179	renin	Homo sapiens	109-114	
23463968-1	2013	Patients with heart failure often show increased arginine vasopressin secretion and enhanced sympathetic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activation, which accelerate renal water reabsorption, causing water retention and volume overload.	Water	202-207	renin	Homo sapiens	109-114	
22297600-2	2012	The decreased cardiac output over time leads to activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system which results in vasoconstriction by influencing salt-water homeostasis.	Water	157-162	renin	Homo sapiens	66-71	
28517292-4	2012	Ren is described by the Burlin-theory and because of dissimilarities between the detector-material and water, will have energy dependent correction factors which convert Ren into the clinically relevant DW,Qo=MQo x ND,W,Qo.	Water	103-108	renin	Homo sapiens	0-3	
28517292-4	2012	Ren is described by the Burlin-theory and because of dissimilarities between the detector-material and water, will have energy dependent correction factors which convert Ren into the clinically relevant DW,Qo=MQo x ND,W,Qo.	Water	103-108	renin	Homo sapiens	170-173	
20532698-5	2010	Activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin system, leading to renal sodium and water retention, links obesity with hypertension.	Water	107-112	renin	Homo sapiens	53-58	
21824991-1	2011	The renin-angiotensin system is well known as a systemic endocrine pathway that regulates blood pressure and salt-water metabolism.	Water	114-119	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
19617274-2	2009	The sodium and water retention causes suppression of renin release.	Water	15-20	renin	Homo sapiens	53-58	
20515797-1	2010	The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulates homeostasis of salt and water, vasoconstriction, and remodeling in cardiovascular and renal cells via activation of intracellular signaling pathway.	Water	75-80	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
21468184-6	2009	Activation of sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and non-osmotic vasopressin release stimulate the renal tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.	Water	170-175	renin	Homo sapiens	42-47	
15675318-1	2005	Clinical and laboratory experiments have demonstrated that arginine vasopressin (AVP), renin-aldosterone system and catecholamines play a crucial role in water and sodium retention in edematous diseases, including congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome and liver cirrhosis.	Water	154-159	renin	Homo sapiens	87-92	
18367709-1	2007	Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a clinical syndrome that features a failing heart together with signs and symptoms arising from renal retention of salt and water, mediated by attendant neurohormonal activation, and which prominently includes the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.	Water	158-163	renin	Homo sapiens	248-253	
16464787-11	2006	This is most likely a compensatory phenomenon in addition to the increase in the renin-angiotensin system to prevent excess loss of sodium and water.	Water	143-148	renin	Homo sapiens	81-86	
16006463-2	2005	The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is directly concerned with sodium and water homeostasis.	Water	73-78	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
18930783-1	2009	The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is important for the regulation of cardiovascular physiology, where it controls blood pressure, and salt- and water homeostasis.	Water	145-150	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
18560669-4	2008	Hormonal mechanisms including the renin-angiotensin system, aldosterone, and vasopressin are involved in modifying fetal renal excretion, reabsorption of sodium and water, and regulation of vascular volume.	Water	165-170	renin	Homo sapiens	34-39	
17571911-2	2007	Associated with the rise in postmenopausal blood pressure (BP) are increased salt sensitivity and imbalance between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and nitric oxide pathways that lead to sodium and water retention.	Water	207-212	renin	Homo sapiens	120-125	
16875643-2	2006	Because water immersion produces a marked central redistribution of blood volume and suppresses the renin-angiotensin system response and sympathetic activity, we hypothesized that water immersion might be useful in the treatment of preeclampsia.	Water	8-13	renin	Homo sapiens	100-105	
16875643-2	2006	Because water immersion produces a marked central redistribution of blood volume and suppresses the renin-angiotensin system response and sympathetic activity, we hypothesized that water immersion might be useful in the treatment of preeclampsia.	Water	181-186	renin	Homo sapiens	100-105	
16101434-5	2005	The brain renin-angiotensin system mediates several classic physiological effects including body water balance, maintenance of blood pressure, sexual behaviors, and regulation of pituitary gland hormones.	Water	97-102	renin	Homo sapiens	10-15	
15549173-4	2004	We review here the biological actions of Ang-(1-7) and discuss how this discovery may change altogether the perception of how the renin angiotensin system functions in the regulation of tissue perfusion pressure and the regulation of salt and water metabolism.	Water	243-248	renin	Homo sapiens	130-135	
14969655-1	2004	The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulates renal vasomotor activity, maintains optimal salt and water homeostasis, and controls tissue growth in the kidney.	Water	104-109	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
15068965-2	2004	Sympathetic nervous and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation appear to play an important role in the sodium and water retention, rightward shift in the pressure-natriuresis, and blood pressure elevation observed in obese individuals.	Water	123-128	renin	Homo sapiens	24-29	
14630996-1	2004	In hyperprostaglandin E syndrome (HPGES) and classic Bartter syndrome (cBS), tubular salt and water losses stimulate renin secretion, which is dependent on enhanced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymatic activity.	Water	94-99	renin	Homo sapiens	117-122	
12924622-1	2003	The renin-angiotensin system plays an important role in blood pressure regulation by influencing salt-water homeostasis and vascular tone.	Water	102-107	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
14745661-2	2004	Approximately one third of these patients have elevated blood pressure due to increased sodium and water retention by the kidney resulting in suppressed plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations with high urinary potassium excretion and low plasma potassium levels.	Water	99-104	renin	Homo sapiens	160-165	
12673184-1	2003	The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) exerts a principal influence in maintaining vascular tone, optimal salt and water homeostasis, and forward cardiac output in human beings.	Water	124-129	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
12790384-1	2003	Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induces water retention in the third space, and the mechanism is partially associated with the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).	Water	37-42	renin	Homo sapiens	142-147	
12080069-0	2002	Glia- and neuron-specific expression of the renin-angiotensin system in brain alters blood pressure, water intake, and salt preference.	Water	101-106	renin	Homo sapiens	44-49	
11860370-0	2002	Atrial distension, haemodilution, and acute control of renin release during water immersion in humans.	Water	76-81	renin	Homo sapiens	55-60	
11037022-4	2000	CONCLUSIONS: As a consequence of age-associated diminished renal concentrating capacity, diminished sodium conserving ability, loss of the circadian rhythm of antidiuretic hormone secretion, decreased secretion of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, and increased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone, there is an age-related alteration in the circadian rhythm of water excretion leading to increased nighttime urine production in older people.	Water	362-367	renin	Homo sapiens	214-219	
10962518-1	2000	Both leptin and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) can influence the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, water and electrolyte metabolism as well as vascular remodelling, which are all involved in the regulation of arterial blood pressure.	Water	113-118	renin	Homo sapiens	20-25	
12036386-1	2002	The renin-angiotensin system exerts a cardinal role in the maintenance of blood pressure and in the regulation of water and sodium excretion through its multiple effects on the vasculature, the kidneys, the heart, the adrenal glands and the brain.	Water	114-119	renin	Homo sapiens	4-9	
12036388-1	2002	The octapeptide angiotensin II (Ang II), the potent effector molecule of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), is involved in the control of blood pressure, cardiac and vascular function as well as sodium and water homeostasis.	Water	220-225	renin	Homo sapiens	77-82	
10751106-11	2000	Plasma renin activity was reduced as during immersion in water at the highest temperature.	Water	57-62	renin	Homo sapiens	7-12	
10790760-5	2000	As cardiac diseases progress, the heart dilates, plasma norepinephrine increases, atrial natriuretic factor is released and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is suppressed to maintain water and sodium excretion.	Water	191-196	renin	Homo sapiens	128-133	
10790760-7	2000	In more advanced stages, atrial natriuretic factor suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is overridden by overt sympathetic activation and sodium and water retention ensues.	Water	168-173	renin	Homo sapiens	70-75