PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 19037250-1 2009 Nitric oxide is generated from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), an enzyme that exists in several isoforms. Arginine 31-41 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 45-66 19081984-0 2009 Re and (99m)Tc organometallic complexes containing pendant l-arginine derivatives as potential probes of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Arginine 59-69 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 105-136 19081984-4 2009 The complexes bearing guanidino substituted analogues of l-arginine still present considerable inhibitory action (N(omega)-monomethyl-l-arginine, K(i) = 36 microM; N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine, K(i) = 84 microM), being the first examples of organometallic complexes able to inhibit the iNOS. Arginine 57-67 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 283-287 19362296-1 2009 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is responsible for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis from l-arginine in response to inflammatory mediators. Arginine 91-101 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 19362296-1 2009 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is responsible for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis from l-arginine in response to inflammatory mediators. Arginine 91-101 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 19194554-7 2009 NO production by L-arginine was significantly suppressed by GTE and iNOS inhibitor (p<0.01). Arginine 17-27 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 68-72 19194554-8 2009 The expression level of iNOS mRNA and its protein that was significantly increased by L-arginine was decreased by iNOS inhibitor but not by GTE. Arginine 86-96 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 24-28 19075752-3 2008 NO is an ubiquitous molecule synthesised from L-arginine under the catalytic action of different nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms and its altered production has been reported to be involved in several diseases. Arginine 46-56 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-118 19194554-8 2009 The expression level of iNOS mRNA and its protein that was significantly increased by L-arginine was decreased by iNOS inhibitor but not by GTE. Arginine 86-96 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 114-118 19347309-6 2009 NO synthase 2 (NOS2) is induced by IFN-alpha or LPS and degrades arginine into OH-arginine and then into NO. Arginine 65-73 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-13 19347309-6 2009 NO synthase 2 (NOS2) is induced by IFN-alpha or LPS and degrades arginine into OH-arginine and then into NO. Arginine 65-73 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 15-19 18991340-2 2008 NO is synthesized from arginine by the action of NO-synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 49-60 18829591-9 2008 Furthermore, we detected a decrease in arginine levels over the study period, suggesting that the iNOS/citrulline pathway predominated during the first 72 hr of treatment, and the arginase/ ornithine pathway dominated thereafter. Arginine 39-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-102 18805011-4 2008 It is synthesised by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from L-arginine and its overproduction could lead to a number of neurological disorders. Arginine 54-64 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 21-42 18718857-2 2008 It is produced in vivo from the aminoacid l-arginine by a family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Arginine 42-52 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 68-90 18759245-9 2008 Arginase competes with iNOS for arginine, catalyzing its hydrolysis to ornithine and urea. Arginine 32-40 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 23-27 18627024-8 2008 These results highlight the important role of L-arg in the neuron-microglia coculture in excessive induction of iNOS. Arginine 46-51 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 112-116 18774806-1 2008 We present here results of a series of density functional theory (DFT) studies on enzyme active site models of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and address the key steps in the catalytic cycle whereby the substrate (L-arginine) is hydroxylated to N(omega)-hydroxo-arginine. Arginine 211-221 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 111-132 18627024-9 2008 Regulation of L-arg by ADI demonstrated that rADI has a potentially therapeutic role in iNOS-related neuronal diseases. Arginine 14-19 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-92 18473302-2 2008 NO is produced from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 20-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 34-55 19759857-1 2008 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the production of nitric oxide from L-arginine and dioxygen at a thiolate-ligated heme active site. Arginine 74-84 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 18437360-3 2008 In addition, reduced L-arginine availability to iNOS induced by arginase may result in the synthesis of both NO and the superoxide anion by this enzyme, thereby enhancing the production of peroxynitrite, which has procontractile and pro-inflammatory actions. Arginine 21-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 48-52 18390929-2 2008 Concern has been raised, however, that under conditions of hyperinflammation, these diets may be injurious through the induction of inducible NO synthase by enteral arginine. Arginine 165-173 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 132-153 18480737-6 2008 The competition of arginase with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for the common substrate L-arginine indicates its participation in the regulation of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. Arginine 86-96 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-54 18178668-1 2008 Imidazopyridine derivates were recently shown to be a novel class of selective and arginine-competitive inhibitors of inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS), and 2-[2-(4-methoxypyridin-2-yl)-ethyl]-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (BYK191023) was found to have very high selectivity in enzymatic and cellular models ( Mol Pharmacol 69: 328-337, 2006 ). Arginine 83-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 118-149 18283102-1 2008 Nitric-oxide synthases (NOS) are catalytically self-sufficient flavo-heme enzymes that generate NO from arginine (Arg) and display a novel utilization of their tetrahydrobiopterin (H(4)B) cofactor. Arginine 104-112 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-22 18283102-1 2008 Nitric-oxide synthases (NOS) are catalytically self-sufficient flavo-heme enzymes that generate NO from arginine (Arg) and display a novel utilization of their tetrahydrobiopterin (H(4)B) cofactor. Arginine 114-117 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-22 18473779-9 2008 It is synthesised from the cationic amino acid L-arginine by a family of enzymes: NO synthases (NOS). Arginine 47-57 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 82-94 18178668-5 2008 BYK191023-bound iNOS was spectrally indistinguishable from l-arginine-bound iNOS, pointing to an interaction of BYK191023 with the catalytic center of the enzyme. Arginine 59-69 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 76-80 18178668-1 2008 Imidazopyridine derivates were recently shown to be a novel class of selective and arginine-competitive inhibitors of inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS), and 2-[2-(4-methoxypyridin-2-yl)-ethyl]-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (BYK191023) was found to have very high selectivity in enzymatic and cellular models ( Mol Pharmacol 69: 328-337, 2006 ). Arginine 83-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 151-155 18175783-2 2008 In sporadic NS, a circulating FSGS-factor is discussed in the pathogenesis and is thought to inhibit the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine by blocking the NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 141-151 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 168-179 18029351-7 2008 Incubation of cultured cells with the iNOS substrate L-arginine and NO donor significantly increased cPLA(2)alpha activity and AA release. Arginine 53-63 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 38-42 17194630-2 2007 L-Arginine is converted to NO and L-citrulline by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-61 17640716-2 2007 Macrophages use arginine either to synthesize nitric oxide (NO) through the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) or to produce ornithine through arginase activity. Arginine 16-24 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 76-97 17640716-2 2007 Macrophages use arginine either to synthesize nitric oxide (NO) through the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) or to produce ornithine through arginase activity. Arginine 16-24 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 99-103 17513466-3 2007 Arginase I competes with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in macrophages for the common substrate, L-arginine, and thereby reduces nitric oxide (NO) production and increases the synthesis of host orinithine and urea. Arginine 105-115 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 25-56 17513466-3 2007 Arginase I competes with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in macrophages for the common substrate, L-arginine, and thereby reduces nitric oxide (NO) production and increases the synthesis of host orinithine and urea. Arginine 105-115 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 58-62 17350298-1 2007 Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) isoforms complexed with substrate (L-arginine) and the iNOS specific inhibitor GW 273629, 2 for a time period of 1.2ns. Arginine 176-186 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 57-88 17350298-1 2007 Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) isoforms complexed with substrate (L-arginine) and the iNOS specific inhibitor GW 273629, 2 for a time period of 1.2ns. Arginine 176-186 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 90-94 17536854-1 2007 Mammalian inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) catalyzes the production of l-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine and O2. Arginine 117-127 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 10-41 17536854-1 2007 Mammalian inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) catalyzes the production of l-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine and O2. Arginine 117-127 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 43-47 17401439-4 2007 The NO synthase (NOS) substrate, L-arginine, and the NO donor, 3-morpholinosydnonimine chloride (SIN-1), also inhibited [(3)H]ACh release with a potency order of SIN-1>L-arginine>L-citrulline. Arginine 171-181 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-15 17482266-4 2007 L-Arginine is the substrate for the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) to generate NO. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 48-59 17482266-8 2007 The most likely mechanism that explains the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction and the effect of L-arginine is that application of L-arginine antagonizes asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), the endogenous NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Arginine 100-110 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 208-219 17482266-8 2007 The most likely mechanism that explains the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction and the effect of L-arginine is that application of L-arginine antagonizes asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), the endogenous NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Arginine 134-144 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 208-219 18991678-3 2008 NO is synthesized from L-arginine via the action of NO synthase (NOS), which is known to be blocked by endogenous L-arginine analogues such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a naturally occurring amino acid found in plasma and various types of tissues. Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-63 18991678-3 2008 NO is synthesized from L-arginine via the action of NO synthase (NOS), which is known to be blocked by endogenous L-arginine analogues such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a naturally occurring amino acid found in plasma and various types of tissues. Arginine 114-124 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-63 17804409-3 2007 Here we show iNOS activity is acutely up-regulated by activation of the B1-kinin receptor (B1R) in human endothelial cells or transfected HEK293 cells to generate 2.5-5-fold higher NO than that stimulated by Arg alone. Arginine 208-211 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 17892399-8 2007 NO release and cytotoxic activity are inhibited by N-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), a specific inhibitor of the NO pathway and increased by L-arginine, an NO precursor, and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) cofactor. Arginine 64-74 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 203-224 17513437-1 2007 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from arginine and O2 by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 38-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 57-68 17513437-6 2007 Km values for arginine of arginase I and II (approximately 10 mmol/L) are much higher than that of iNOS (approximately 5 micromol/L), whereas Vmax of arginase I and II were 10(3)-10(4) times higher than that of iNOS in activated macrophages. Arginine 14-22 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 211-215 17513437-7 2007 Thus, Vmax/Km values of arginases were close to that of iNOS, and these enzymes were expected to compete for arginine in the cells. Arginine 109-117 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 56-60 17513447-4 2007 In myeloid cells, arginine is mainly metabolized either by inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthases (iNOS) or by arginase 1, enzymes that are stimulated by T helper 1 or 2 cytokines, respectively. Arginine 18-26 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-102 16949893-2 2007 Arg serves as a substrate for the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), which produces NO, whereas monomethylarginine (L-NMMA) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) act as competitive inhibitors of NOS. Arginine 0-3 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 41-52 17049318-2 2007 It is produced from the amino acid L-arginine by the action of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) in what is called the L-arginine/NO pathway. Arginine 35-45 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-85 17049318-2 2007 It is produced from the amino acid L-arginine by the action of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) in what is called the L-arginine/NO pathway. Arginine 114-124 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-85 17211666-2 2007 Tadpoles exposed to S-nitro-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), an NO-donor, or L: -arginine, the substrate of NO synthase (NOS), showed a reversible decrease, whereas animals exposed to the NOS inhibitor Nomega-methyl-L: -arginine (L: -NMMA) exhibited an increase in ammonium release. Arginine 74-86 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 105-116 17381965-1 2007 Several studies have described reduced plasma concentrations of arginine, the substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Arginine 64-72 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 92-113 17119118-1 2007 Arginase 1 (ARG1) metabolizes arginine, thus reducing the availability of arginine as a substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 74-82 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 102-123 17119118-1 2007 Arginase 1 (ARG1) metabolizes arginine, thus reducing the availability of arginine as a substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 30-38 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 102-123 17291856-2 2007 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and arginase I are involved in the arginine pathway. Arginine 106-114 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 17291856-2 2007 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and arginase I are involved in the arginine pathway. Arginine 106-114 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 17971359-1 2007 Nitric oxide (NO), a short-lived gaseous free radical, synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthases (NOS), is a potent mediator of biologic responses involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Arginine 72-82 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-98 16720041-1 2007 l-Arginine is the common substrate for arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-73 17214603-1 2006 L-citrulline is the natural precursor of L-arginine, substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the production of NO. Arginine 41-51 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 67-88 17368960-2 2007 NO is synthesized from L-arginine via the action of NO synthase (NOS), which is known to be blocked by endogenous L-arginine analogues such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-63 17368960-2 2007 NO is synthesized from L-arginine via the action of NO synthase (NOS), which is known to be blocked by endogenous L-arginine analogues such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Arginine 114-124 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-63 17016554-4 2006 After this triggering event, MSCs express 2 enzymes involved in l-arginine metabolism, Arginase I and iNOS, whose metabolic products include diffusible and highly reactive peroxynitrites, the ultimate biochemical mediators of T cell immune suppression. Arginine 64-74 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 102-106 17075778-3 2006 The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) oxidizes L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO). Arginine 41-51 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-25 17062343-0 2006 [Highly selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase in vitro by a tripeptide as a new arginine analog]. Arginine 98-106 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 32-63 17062343-1 2006 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of a tripeptide, a new arginine analog, on nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Arginine 71-79 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 124-155 17062343-2 2006 METHODS: Macrophages challenged with lipopolysaccharide were cultured to test the inhibitory effect of the arginine analog of different concentrations on iNOS. Arginine 107-115 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 154-158 16765486-1 2006 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of three NOS isoforms generating nitric oxide (NO) by the conversion of l-arginine to l-citrulline. Arginine 118-128 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 16801455-1 2006 Reduced synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) contributes to the endothelial dysfunction and may be related to limited availability of L-arginine, the common substrate of constitutive nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) and cytosolic arginase I and mitochondrial arginase II. Arginine 128-138 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 177-198 16717106-0 2006 L-arginine chlorination results in the formation of a nonselective nitric-oxide synthase inhibitor. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 67-88 16717106-2 2006 We have recently found that leukocyte-derived hypochlorous acid is able to react with the nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) substrate L-arginine to produce chlorinated L-arginine (cl-L-Arg). Arginine 128-138 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 90-111 16717106-2 2006 We have recently found that leukocyte-derived hypochlorous acid is able to react with the nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) substrate L-arginine to produce chlorinated L-arginine (cl-L-Arg). Arginine 162-172 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 90-111 16675494-2 2006 NO bioavailability in aged skin may be decreased by an age-related upregulation of arginase, which reciprocally regulates the NO-synthase (NOS) substrate L-arginine (L-Arg). Arginine 154-164 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 126-137 16675494-2 2006 NO bioavailability in aged skin may be decreased by an age-related upregulation of arginase, which reciprocally regulates the NO-synthase (NOS) substrate L-arginine (L-Arg). Arginine 166-171 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 126-137 16765486-1 2006 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of three NOS isoforms generating nitric oxide (NO) by the conversion of l-arginine to l-citrulline. Arginine 118-128 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 16437390-1 2006 Nitric oxide (NO) is a biological messenger molecule produced by one of the essential amino acids L-arginine by the catalytic action of the enzyme NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 98-108 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 147-158 16713055-4 2006 We now report that a competent NOS2 with l-arginine can, like NOS1, oxidize EtOH to CH3*CHOH. Arginine 41-51 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 31-35 16713055-6 2006 These observations suggest that NOS2 can behave similarly to cytochrome P-450 in the catalysis of acetaldehyde formation from ethanol via the generation of alpha-hydroxyethyl radical when L-arginine is present. Arginine 188-198 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 32-36 16787198-10 2006 L-arginine inhibits platelet aggregation both in vitro and in vivo, while L-NMMA (NG-monomethyl-L-arginine), an endogenous L-arginine analogue and inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS), increases platelet activation and adhesion. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 160-171 16267670-2 2006 In the L-arginine-NO pathway, NO synthase (NOS) converts L-arginine to NO and L-citrulline. Arginine 7-17 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-41 16267670-2 2006 In the L-arginine-NO pathway, NO synthase (NOS) converts L-arginine to NO and L-citrulline. Arginine 57-67 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-41 16650388-1 2006 The enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which is necessary for the production of nitric oxide from L-arginine exists in three isoforms: neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS), and inducible NOS (iNOS). Arginine 98-108 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 11-32 16650388-1 2006 The enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which is necessary for the production of nitric oxide from L-arginine exists in three isoforms: neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS), and inducible NOS (iNOS). Arginine 98-108 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 184-197 16650388-1 2006 The enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which is necessary for the production of nitric oxide from L-arginine exists in three isoforms: neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS), and inducible NOS (iNOS). Arginine 98-108 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 199-203 16698551-1 2006 Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) is involved in the regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by metabolizing the free endogenous arginine derivatives N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine (MMA) and N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA), which are competitive inhibitors of NOS. Arginine 8-16 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 80-101 16376159-1 2006 Nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) generates nitric oxide from l-arginine in two reaction cycles with N(omega)-hydroxy-l-arginine as an obligate intermediate. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 16009421-1 2006 Nitric oxide is produced enzymatically by the nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which converts L-arginine in the presence of oxygen to L-citrulline and NO. Arginine 90-100 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 46-67 16458291-5 2006 Furthermore, systemic arginine levels and arginine metabolism via nitric oxide synthase (NOS) can have profound effect on lung inflammation. Arginine 22-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-87 16458291-5 2006 Furthermore, systemic arginine levels and arginine metabolism via nitric oxide synthase (NOS) can have profound effect on lung inflammation. Arginine 42-50 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-87 15778742-2 2005 GW274150 and GW273629 are arginine competitive, NADPH-dependent inhibitors of human iNOS with steady state K(d) values of <40 and <90 nM, respectively. Arginine 26-34 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 84-88 16883952-1 2006 Nitric oxide (NO) is a gas with diverse biological activities produced from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthetase (NOS). Arginine 76-86 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 90-113 16883953-1 2006 Nitric oxide (NO) is a gas with diverse biological activities produced from arginine by nitric oxide synthetase (NOS). Arginine 76-84 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-111 16223957-9 2006 In summary, we have identified a new highly selective iNOS inhibitor structurally unrelated to known compounds and l-arginine. Arginine 115-125 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 54-58 15993059-0 2005 L-arginine analogs as alternate substrates for nitric oxide synthase. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-68 15993059-1 2005 The L-arginine analogs, N(delta)-methyl-L-arginine (deltaMA) and L-canavanine, were used to probe the role of the N delta nitrogen of L-arginine in the reaction catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 4-14 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 174-195 15993059-1 2005 The L-arginine analogs, N(delta)-methyl-L-arginine (deltaMA) and L-canavanine, were used to probe the role of the N delta nitrogen of L-arginine in the reaction catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 40-50 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 174-195 15939249-3 2005 It is derived from the amino acid L-arginine by the action of NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 34-44 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 62-73 16360110-6 2006 By using this method, the K(m) value of Arg and the K(i) value of l-NMMA for iNOS were determined to be 12.6 and 6.1muM, respectively. Arginine 40-43 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 77-81 17168727-4 2006 Nitric oxide (NO), which is produced by oxidation of L-arginine in an NADPH- and O(2)-dependent process catalyzed by isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), exhibits diverse roles in both normal and pathological physiologies and has been postulated to be a contributor to the etiology of various diseases. Arginine 53-63 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 129-150 17168727-9 2006 This review will describe the survey of arginine mimetics designed to mimic the function of the arginine moiety in numerous peptidomimetic compounds (thrombin inhibitors, factor Xa inhibitors, factor VIIa inhibitors, integrin receptor antagonists, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors), with the aim of obtaining better activity, selectivity and oral bioavailability. Arginine 40-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 248-269 17168727-9 2006 This review will describe the survey of arginine mimetics designed to mimic the function of the arginine moiety in numerous peptidomimetic compounds (thrombin inhibitors, factor Xa inhibitors, factor VIIa inhibitors, integrin receptor antagonists, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors), with the aim of obtaining better activity, selectivity and oral bioavailability. Arginine 96-104 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 248-269 16086740-9 2005 While iNOS was only weakly expressed in the basal layer of the human epidermis, it was highly expressed in keratinocytes of the inner root sheath (IRS), where it colocalized with trichohyalin, a differentiation-associated protein of the IRS that requires enzyme-catalysed conversion of arginine to citrulline. Arginine 286-294 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 6-10 15818326-15 2005 Low extracellular arginine may reflect influx of the amino acid into hepatocytes, resulting in formation of NO in the presence of inducible NO synthase or conversion to ornithine in the presence of arginase in the urea cycle. Arginine 18-26 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 130-151 15733152-1 2005 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 68-78 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-109 15701046-1 2005 Synthesis of compounds containing a fragment similar to the guanidine group of L-arginine, which is a substrate of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is the main direction in creating NOS inhibitors. Arginine 79-89 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 115-136 15761791-1 2005 L-arginine is the substrate for the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which is responsible for the production of nitric oxide (NO), an endogenous messenger molecule involved in many of the processes associated with the development of atherosclerosis. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 43-64 15656623-12 2005 On the basis of these results, a third mechanism is proposed in which the amidine inactivators of iNOS bind as does substrate L-arginine, but because of the amidine methyl group, the heme peroxy intermediate cannot be protonated, thereby preventing its conversion to the heme oxo intermediate. Arginine 126-136 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-102 15714114-6 2005 Four of the five sunscreens tested directly inhibited the conversion of arginine to citrulline by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in vitro. Arginine 72-80 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-129 15714114-6 2005 Four of the five sunscreens tested directly inhibited the conversion of arginine to citrulline by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in vitro. Arginine 72-80 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 131-135 15631944-1 2005 Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is generally accompanied by a parallel upregulation in l-arginine transport which is dependent, at least in part, on the synthesis of new carrier proteins. Arginine 108-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 14-45 15631944-1 2005 Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is generally accompanied by a parallel upregulation in l-arginine transport which is dependent, at least in part, on the synthesis of new carrier proteins. Arginine 108-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-51 15631944-2 2005 It is not clear however whether the induction of iNOS and its subsequent utilisation of l-arginine for NO synthesis contribute to the enhancement in l-arginine transport rates observed following induction of cells with pro-inflammatory mediators. Arginine 149-159 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 49-53 15367387-1 2005 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from l-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and nitrite and nitrate are believed to be waste forms of NO. Arginine 38-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-73 16613374-2 2005 It is generated from arginine through the action of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 21-29 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-84 15465789-4 2004 L-arginine supplementation in animal models of glomerulonephritis has been shown to be detrimental, probably by increasing the production of NO from increased local expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 179-200 16020977-1 2005 OBJECTIVE: Nitric oxide (NO) is a product of L-arginine to L-citrulline conversion by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 45-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-107 15554917-3 2004 The l-arginine analogues asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and N(G)-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA) are endogenous inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), involved in the physiopathology of arterial hypertension. Arginine 4-14 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 129-150 15801262-4 2004 Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical synthesized from L-arginine by one of the family of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes. Arginine 53-63 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-109 15801573-1 2004 Exogenous treatment with L-arginine has been shown to restore impaired nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent dilatation of peripheral blood vessels during disease states. Arginine 25-35 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 71-92 15465789-4 2004 L-arginine supplementation in animal models of glomerulonephritis has been shown to be detrimental, probably by increasing the production of NO from increased local expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 202-206 15465801-6 2004 Recent studies using chemical inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) suggest that nitric oxide derived from Arg could be partly involved in OKG activity. Arginine 111-114 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 44-65 15465804-2 2004 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) utilizes L-arginine and oxygen as substrates to produce nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline. Arginine 37-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 15172174-5 2004 iNOS activation is regulated mainly at the transcriptional level, but also at posttranscriptional, translational and postranslational levels through effects on protein stability, dimerization, phosphorylation, cofactor binding and availability of oxygen and L-arginine as substrates. Arginine 258-268 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 15290337-4 2004 The temporal switch of arginine as a substrate for the cytostatic iNOS/NO axis to the pro-growth arginase/ ornithine/polyamine and proline axis is subject to regulation by inflammatory cytokines as well as interregulation by the arginine metabolites themselves. Arginine 23-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-70 15286885-3 2004 It is synthesized from L-arginine, which is catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 57-78 15265272-2 2004 NO is synthesized by converting L-arginine to L-citrulline by enzymes called NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 32-42 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 77-88 15341188-1 2004 Nitric oxide (NO) is a key bioregulatory active molecule in the cardiovascular, immune and nervous systems, synthesized through converting L-arginine to L-citrulline by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 139-149 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 169-180 15066989-1 2004 The catalytic center of nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) consists of a thiolate-coordinated heme macrocycle, a tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) cofactor, and an l-arginine (l-Arg)/N-hydroxyarginine substrate binding site. Arginine 149-159 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 24-45 15066989-1 2004 The catalytic center of nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) consists of a thiolate-coordinated heme macrocycle, a tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) cofactor, and an l-arginine (l-Arg)/N-hydroxyarginine substrate binding site. Arginine 161-166 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 24-45 15007014-1 2004 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) uses arginine for the production of nitric oxide (NO). Arginine 45-53 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-33 14657339-8 2003 Scavenging free NO from the iNOS milieu by the MPO/H2O2 system subsequently restores the full capacity of iNOS to convert L-arginine to product (NO), as judged by the increase in the rates of citrulline and nitrite/nitrate production. Arginine 122-132 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 28-32 14759083-2 2004 Because L-arginine, the NO synthase (NOS) precursor, augments NO bioactivity, we hypothesized that L-arginine would improve dysfunctional coronary sympathetic responses. Arginine 8-18 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 24-35 14759083-2 2004 Because L-arginine, the NO synthase (NOS) precursor, augments NO bioactivity, we hypothesized that L-arginine would improve dysfunctional coronary sympathetic responses. Arginine 99-109 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 24-35 15258356-5 2004 The function of the NO, which is one of the more powerful endogenous vasodilators and whose synthesis is catalysed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), can be determined by the ratio between blood concentrations of citrulline and arginine (the co-product and the precursor of the way of NO synthesis), which represents the level of activity of the enzyme. Arginine 225-233 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 118-139 15182209-1 2004 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine in the human respiratory tract by enzymes of the NO synthase (NOS) family. Arginine 38-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-109 14613894-1 2004 Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized from l-arginine by NO synthase (NOS), is a key regulator of placental angiogenesis and growth during pregnancy. Arginine 36-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-61 14991378-1 2004 There is a reciprocal regulation of arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in L-arginine-metabolizing pathways. Arginine 80-90 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 49-70 14657339-8 2003 Scavenging free NO from the iNOS milieu by the MPO/H2O2 system subsequently restores the full capacity of iNOS to convert L-arginine to product (NO), as judged by the increase in the rates of citrulline and nitrite/nitrate production. Arginine 122-132 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 106-110 14760971-7 2003 iNOS enzyme activity was quantified using an arginine/citrulline assay. Arginine 45-53 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 15028568-3 2003 The temporal switch of arginine as a substrate for the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/NO axis to arginase/ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)/polyamine axis is subject to regulation by inflammatory cytokines as well as interregulation by the arginine metabolites themselves. Arginine 23-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 55-86 15028568-3 2003 The temporal switch of arginine as a substrate for the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/NO axis to arginase/ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)/polyamine axis is subject to regulation by inflammatory cytokines as well as interregulation by the arginine metabolites themselves. Arginine 23-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-92 15028568-3 2003 The temporal switch of arginine as a substrate for the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/NO axis to arginase/ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)/polyamine axis is subject to regulation by inflammatory cytokines as well as interregulation by the arginine metabolites themselves. Arginine 244-252 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-92 12969557-3 2003 Here we describe a method for inducing iNOS in the porcine basilar artery followed by the detection of iNOS protein by immunocytochemical means and the characterisation of functional responses to U46619 and L-arginine. Arginine 207-217 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 39-43 14609340-6 2003 The catalytic activity of 4-amino-H(4)B-bound FLiNOS and HDiNOS resembles that of pterin-free iNOS: the hydroxylation of arginine is very unfavorable (<2% that of H(4)B-bound iNOS), and NHA is oxidized to a mixture of amino acid products (citrulline and cyanoornithine) and NO(-) rather than (*)NO. Arginine 121-129 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 48-52 14609340-6 2003 The catalytic activity of 4-amino-H(4)B-bound FLiNOS and HDiNOS resembles that of pterin-free iNOS: the hydroxylation of arginine is very unfavorable (<2% that of H(4)B-bound iNOS), and NHA is oxidized to a mixture of amino acid products (citrulline and cyanoornithine) and NO(-) rather than (*)NO. Arginine 121-129 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 59-63 14556720-1 2003 Nitric oxide (NOz.rad;) is a diatomic mediator liberated on oxidation of L-arginine by the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family of enzymes. Arginine 73-83 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 91-112 12940876-2 2003 Nitric oxide (NO) is formed enzymatically from l-arginine in the presence of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 47-57 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 77-98 13678705-0 2003 Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) conversion of L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO) decreases low density mononuclear cell (LD MNC) trans-endothelial migration and cytokine output. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 14-35 12883322-9 2003 Addition of BH4 or SEP substantially induced iNOS enzyme activity, which was quantified as the formation of [3H]L-citrulline from [3H]L-arginine. Arginine 134-144 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 45-49 14599552-7 2003 Our results also showed that the decrease of NO production by iNOS could be achieved by depleting arginine from the medium even under the conditions that would up-regulate iNOS expression. Arginine 98-106 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 62-66 12871028-3 2003 NO, a highly reactive radical, is produced from L-arginine and oxygen by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 48-58 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 84-95 12967769-5 2003 Thus, at low concentrations of L-arginine iNOS produces both NO and superoxide anions, which results in the increased synthesis of the highly reactive, detrimental oxidant peroxynitrite. Arginine 31-41 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 42-46 12969557-7 2003 The vasodilator response to L-arginine was prevented with the incubation with and in the presence of the inhibitor of inducible NOS, 1400W (10 microM) in addition to LPS. Arginine 28-38 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 118-131 12969557-9 2003 The assessment of contractile function and responses to L-arginine using single concentrations is a rapid and effective method for establishing whether functional iNOS is present in porcine cerebral arteries. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 163-167 12676734-4 2003 These include 1) elevation of cGMP, mediated by sodium nitroprusside (a nitric oxide donor), atrial natriuretic factor, and l-arginine (via nitric oxide synthase); 2) disruption of the actin cytoskeleton; and 3) inhibition of the clathrin-mediated endocytotic arm of the AQP2 recycling pathway by dominant-negative dynamin expression and by membrane cholesterol depletion. Arginine 124-134 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 140-165 12810105-3 2003 MSCs use two enzymes involved in arginine metabolism to control T-cell responses: inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and arginase 1 (Arg1), which depletes the milieu of arginine. Arginine 33-41 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 115-119 12810105-3 2003 MSCs use two enzymes involved in arginine metabolism to control T-cell responses: inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and arginase 1 (Arg1), which depletes the milieu of arginine. Arginine 208-216 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 115-119 12810105-6 2003 When both enzymes are induced together, peroxynitrites, generated by NOS2 under conditions of limiting arginine, cause activated T lymphocytes to undergo apoptosis. Arginine 103-111 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 69-73 12655043-6 2003 After stimulation by cytokines, uptake of L-arginine negatively regulates the phosphorylation status of the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF2 alpha), which, in turn, regulates translation of iNOS mRNA. Arginine 42-52 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 192-196 12792224-2 2003 There is a large body of evidence that the inducible form of the NO synthase enzyme (iNOS) that is responsible for high-output production of NO from l-arginine is up-regulated in various forms of mucosal inflammation. Arginine 149-159 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 85-89 12694305-2 2003 NO is synthesized from the amino acid L-arginine by the action of the NO synthase (NOS), which can be blocked by endogenous inhibitors such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Arginine 38-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 70-81 12655043-5 2003 Our results indicate that inhibition of iNOS activity by arginine depletion in stimulated astrocyte cultures occurs via inhibition of translation of iNOS mRNA. Arginine 57-65 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 149-153 12606428-2 2003 NO is produced from l-arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which has three isoforms: endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), and inducible (iNOS). Arginine 20-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 152-156 12655043-3 2003 Herein, we report that decreased availability of L-arginine blocked induction of NO production in cytokine-stimulated astrocytes, owing to inhibition of inducible NOS (iNOS) protein expression. Arginine 49-59 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 153-166 12655043-3 2003 Herein, we report that decreased availability of L-arginine blocked induction of NO production in cytokine-stimulated astrocytes, owing to inhibition of inducible NOS (iNOS) protein expression. Arginine 49-59 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 168-172 12655043-8 2003 As the kinase activity of GCN2 is activated by phosphorylation, these findings suggest that GCN2 activity represents a proximal step in the iNOS translational regulation by availability of l-arginine. Arginine 189-199 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 140-144 12655043-5 2003 Our results indicate that inhibition of iNOS activity by arginine depletion in stimulated astrocyte cultures occurs via inhibition of translation of iNOS mRNA. Arginine 57-65 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-44 12655043-9 2003 These results provide an explanation for the arginine paradox for iNOS and define a distinct mechanism by which a substrate can regulate the activity of its associated enzyme. Arginine 45-53 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-70 12590926-1 2003 Biosynthesis of nitric oxide (NO) is catalyzed by NO synthase (NOS) through a two-step oxidation of L-arginine (Arg) with formation of an intermediate, GN-hydroxy-L-Arg (NHA). Arginine 100-110 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-61 12618354-7 2003 The findings support the hypothesis that L-arginine worsens ischemic injury by increasing the catalytic output of iNOS and suggest that administration of L-arginine should be avoided in patients with acute stroke. Arginine 41-51 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 114-118 12628472-1 2003 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine by neuronal, endothelial and inducible isoforms of NO synthase (nNOS, eNOS and iNOS, respectively) and is involved in the regulation of a variety of physiological functions, including immune activity. Arginine 38-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 128-132 12590926-1 2003 Biosynthesis of nitric oxide (NO) is catalyzed by NO synthase (NOS) through a two-step oxidation of L-arginine (Arg) with formation of an intermediate, GN-hydroxy-L-Arg (NHA). Arginine 112-115 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-61 12606182-2 2003 Factors that downregulate NOS2 also diminish factors involved in cellular uptake and biosynthesis of L-arginine, the substrate for NO synthesis. Arginine 101-111 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 26-30 12829875-8 2003 It is thought that nitric oxide synthase catalyses transport of electrons for reactions between molecular oxygen and L-arginine. Arginine 117-127 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 19-40 12642227-2 2003 It is produced in vivo from the amino acid L-arginine by a complex family of enzymes termed nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 43-53 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 92-113 12634924-1 2003 We have reported previously that L-arginine influx into human platelets is mediated by the high-affinity cationic amino acid transport system y(+)L. In the present study we examined the dependency of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity on L-arginine transport in platelets isolated from healthy controls and uraemic patients on haemodialysis. Arginine 33-43 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 200-221 12634924-1 2003 We have reported previously that L-arginine influx into human platelets is mediated by the high-affinity cationic amino acid transport system y(+)L. In the present study we examined the dependency of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity on L-arginine transport in platelets isolated from healthy controls and uraemic patients on haemodialysis. Arginine 240-250 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 200-221 12586539-1 2003 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) converts L-arginine as a substrate to form nitric oxide and the "by-product" citrulline. Arginine 37-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 12784039-5 2003 NO is generated via constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) which catalyze the oxidation of a guanidino nitrogen associated with L-arginine. Arginine 146-156 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 71-75 12707486-1 2003 The reciprocal regulation of arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in L-arginine-metabolizing pathways has been demonstrated. Arginine 73-83 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 42-63 12490409-5 2002 L-Arg supplementation enhanced iNOS and NOx expression in the cells. Arginine 0-5 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 31-35 12490409-8 2002 These results indicated that L-Arg induces iNOS and generates NO, which inhibits EBV reactivation in EBV-positive cells. Arginine 29-34 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 43-47 12459165-8 2002 This rise in RT activity was partially reversed in aminoguanidine treated cultures by L-arginine, the normal substrate for iNOS. Arginine 86-96 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 123-127 12481980-10 2002 The main importance of Arg is attributed to its role as a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a free radical molecule that is synthesized in all mammalian cells from L-Arg by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-26 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 189-200 12437348-2 2002 Designing inhibitors to specifically target one of the three nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isozymes that form nitric oxide from the L-Arg substrate poses a significant challenge due to the overwhelmingly conserved active sites. Arginine 130-135 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-82 12481980-10 2002 The main importance of Arg is attributed to its role as a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a free radical molecule that is synthesized in all mammalian cells from L-Arg by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 180-185 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 189-200 12415579-12 2002 In cells where both arginase II and inducible NO synthase activity occurs, there is a reciprocal regulation, suggesting that agents that induce arginase II in synovial cells could downregulate the levels of NO and divert L-arginine metabolism toward cell proliferation and/or tissue regeneration. Arginine 221-231 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 20-57 12356784-12 2002 CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that oral arginine may increase endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to increase vascular NO and temporally reduce blood pressure in mildly hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients. Arginine 42-50 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 76-97 12370443-1 2002 The enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) hydrolyses asymmetrically methylated arginine residues that are endogenously produced inhibitors of nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Arginine 19-27 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 158-180 12150722-3 2002 We observed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and apoptosis of cells induced by 5-FU with L-Arg added to the medium. Arginine 113-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-61 12234710-2 2002 Nitric oxide (NO) is generated from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and immune inflammation involves the activation of NOS in both effector cells and target cells. Arginine 36-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-71 12130744-1 2002 Nitric-oxide synthase (NOS; EC 1.14.13.39) catalyzes the oxidation of L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO(.)) Arginine 70-80 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 12221289-1 2002 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is responsible for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis from l-arginine in response to inflammatory mediators. Arginine 91-101 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 12221289-1 2002 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is responsible for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis from l-arginine in response to inflammatory mediators. Arginine 91-101 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 12091378-2 2002 While guanidino-methylated arginines (MA) including asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and N(G)-methyl-l-arginine (NMA) are potent competitive inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and are released upon protein degradation, it is unknown whether their intracellular concentrations are sufficient to critically regulate neuronal NO production and secondary cellular function or injury. Arginine 27-36 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 157-178 12150722-3 2002 We observed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and apoptosis of cells induced by 5-FU with L-Arg added to the medium. Arginine 113-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-67 11926824-12 2002 SNAP converted Arg- and H4B-free iNOS dimer into monomer that could not redimerize, but had no effect on iNOS dimer preincubated with Arg and H4B. Arginine 15-18 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 11947892-3 2002 L-arginine is the substrate for the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which is responsible for the endothelial production of nitric oxide. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 43-64 27786090-1 2002 Nitric oxide (NO), a labile free radical synthesised from L-arginine by the action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is said to be implicated in uraemic complications, such as infection and a tendency to bleed. Arginine 58-68 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-107 11925253-1 2002 There is currently considerable interest in arginine and its structural analogues in the context of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) substrates and inhibitors. Arginine 44-52 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 100-121 11849441-1 2002 l-Arginine is converted to nitric oxide and citrulline by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 69-90 11689556-8 2002 The results are consistent with a mechanism whereby inhibitors bind to a heme-containing iNOS monomer species to form an inactive iNOS monomer-heme-inhibitor complex in a pterin- and l-arginine-independent manner. Arginine 183-193 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 89-93 11689556-8 2002 The results are consistent with a mechanism whereby inhibitors bind to a heme-containing iNOS monomer species to form an inactive iNOS monomer-heme-inhibitor complex in a pterin- and l-arginine-independent manner. Arginine 183-193 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 130-134 12055338-1 2002 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 38-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-63 12000182-1 2002 Nitric oxide (NO), a labile free radical synthesised from L-arginine by the action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is said to be implicated in uraemic complications, such as infection and a tendency to bleed. Arginine 58-68 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-107 11714509-1 2001 Measuring nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) activity by monitoring the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline is currently the standard assay for NOS activity. Arginine 79-89 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 10-31 11862757-2 2002 The arginine paradox refers to the phenomenon that exogenous L-arginine causes NO-mediated biological effects despite the fact that nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are theoretically saturated with the substrate L-arginine. Arginine 4-12 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 132-154 11855667-3 2002 NO is synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 37-48 11812024-1 2001 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized via the oxidation of arginine by a family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), which are either constitutive (ie. Arginine 54-62 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-100 11811522-4 2001 Because methylated arginines can inhibit nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and elevations are reported in several diseases, we explored whether RBCs express this enzyme. Arginine 19-28 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 41-62 11746209-1 2001 There has been little evidence to indicate that arginine is the natural substrate for generating nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. Arginine 48-56 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-118 11312270-1 2001 Inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) is responsible for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis from l-arginine in response to inflammatory mediators. Arginine 91-101 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 11673894-1 2001 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) generates nitric oxide (NO*) by the oxidation of l-arginine. Arginine 77-87 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 11711492-4 2001 Activity of iNOS, determined by the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline, increased 9-fold after atorvastatin treatment. Arginine 50-60 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-16 11556547-1 2001 The enzyme argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) is the rate limiting enzyme in the metabolic pathway leading from L-citrulline to L-arginine, the physiological substrate of all isoforms of nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Arginine 128-138 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 187-209 11463332-3 2001 The crystal structures of the oxygenase domains of inducible NOS (iNOS) and vascular endothelial NOS (eNOS) allow us to interpret other information in the context of this important part of the enzyme, with its binding sites for iron protoporphyrin IX (haem), biopterin, L-arginine, and the many inhibitors which interact with them. Arginine 270-280 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 51-64 11463332-3 2001 The crystal structures of the oxygenase domains of inducible NOS (iNOS) and vascular endothelial NOS (eNOS) allow us to interpret other information in the context of this important part of the enzyme, with its binding sites for iron protoporphyrin IX (haem), biopterin, L-arginine, and the many inhibitors which interact with them. Arginine 270-280 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-70 11275358-1 2001 The biochemistry and physiology of L-arginine have to be reconsidered in the light of the recent discovery that the amino acid is the only substrate of all isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 35-45 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 168-189 11312270-1 2001 Inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) is responsible for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis from l-arginine in response to inflammatory mediators. Arginine 91-101 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 11312270-5 2001 Furthermore, proteasomal inhibition blocked the degradation of an iNOS splice variant that lacked the capacity to dimerize and of an iNOS mutant that lacks l-arginine binding ability, suggesting that iNOS is targeted by proteasomes, notwithstanding its capacity to produce NO, dimerize, or bind the substrate. Arginine 156-166 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-70 11312270-5 2001 Furthermore, proteasomal inhibition blocked the degradation of an iNOS splice variant that lacked the capacity to dimerize and of an iNOS mutant that lacks l-arginine binding ability, suggesting that iNOS is targeted by proteasomes, notwithstanding its capacity to produce NO, dimerize, or bind the substrate. Arginine 156-166 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 133-137 11312270-5 2001 Furthermore, proteasomal inhibition blocked the degradation of an iNOS splice variant that lacked the capacity to dimerize and of an iNOS mutant that lacks l-arginine binding ability, suggesting that iNOS is targeted by proteasomes, notwithstanding its capacity to produce NO, dimerize, or bind the substrate. Arginine 156-166 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 133-137 11435962-2 2001 We hypothesized that l-arginine polymers administered to cardiac allografts ex vivo would translocate across vascular cellular membranes, up-regulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production of NO, and inhibit the development of GCAD. Arginine 21-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 150-181 11435962-2 2001 We hypothesized that l-arginine polymers administered to cardiac allografts ex vivo would translocate across vascular cellular membranes, up-regulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production of NO, and inhibit the development of GCAD. Arginine 21-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 183-187 11336634-1 2001 Besides oxidizing L-arginine, neuronal NO synthase (NOS) NADPH-dependently reduces various electron acceptors, including cytochrome c and tetrazolium salts. Arginine 18-28 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 39-50 11593962-1 2001 Arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) compete for the same substrate, L-arginine. Arginine 73-83 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 13-34 11309260-7 2001 These results suggest that the human NOS isozymes have different-sized cavities in the binding site near the position to which the C-terminal of L-arginine binds, and the cavity of iNOS is hydrophobic. Arginine 145-155 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 181-185 11350073-8 2001 The reduced ability of diabetic tissue to convert l-arginine to l-citrulline via nitric oxide synthase was reversed by the selective inhibition of arginase by 2(S)-amino-6-boronohexanoic acid (ABH). Arginine 50-60 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 81-102 11424234-3 2001 METHODS: Using an established cell line, we directly monitored NO release from GECs in response to various concentrations of D-glucose, D-mannitol, and L-arginine, an NO synthase (NOS) agonist. Arginine 152-162 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 167-178 11323020-3 2001 NO is produced through L-arginine pathway by three different isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), an inducible form that can be activated by cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 73-94 11288139-1 2001 Nitric oxide (NO) is a biologically active inorganic molecule produced when the semiessential amino acid l-arginine is converted to l-citrulline and NO via the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 105-115 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 167-188 11236905-1 2001 Arginine is the sole substrate for nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by NO synthases (NOS) and promotes the proliferation and maturation of human T-cells. Arginine 0-8 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-78 11172921-2 2001 Changes in arginine metabolism during infection are not limited to effects of iNOS but can also involve arginases, which can modulate NO synthesis and produce ornithine for the generation of polyamines and proline. Arginine 11-19 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-82 11328364-1 2001 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized enzymatically from L-arginine by NO synthase, which is measured by inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Arginine 64-74 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 135-139 11902565-1 2001 Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived molecule required for many physiological functions, produced from L-arginine by NO synthases (NOS). Arginine 101-111 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 115-127 22432124-2 2001 The arginine derivative N(omega)-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME), which non-specifically inhibits NO formation induced by all constitutive forms of NO synthase (NOS), significantly augmented the effect of IL-1P,but blockade of CO formation with metalloporphyrins was without effect. Arginine 4-12 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 148-159 11213361-1 2001 Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional messenger molecule generated from L-arginine by a family of enzymes, including nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 73-83 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 118-139 11210869-13 2001 CONCLUSIONS: From the results of this study it is suggested that nitric oxide (NO) produced by iNOS and eNOS using L-arginine may increase CBF in the healthy sinus mucosa and that NO may have a regulatory function in ciliary motility in the human sinus mucosa. Arginine 115-125 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 95-99 11898853-5 2001 Inflammatory cytokines induce the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and direct the metabolism of L-arginine to the antiproliferative gas, NO. Arginine 106-116 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 48-69 11898853-5 2001 Inflammatory cytokines induce the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and direct the metabolism of L-arginine to the antiproliferative gas, NO. Arginine 106-116 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 71-75 11587559-4 2001 The K(d) for arginine is approximately 0.5 microM for the tetrahydrobiopterin replete neuronal and inducible isoforms (nNOS and iNOS), while the endothelial isoform has a slightly higher K(d) (1.5 microM). Arginine 13-21 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 128-132 11336572-5 2001 The generation of NO from L-arginine is catalysed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 26-36 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-74 11166077-2 2001 It is synthesized from the precursor L-arginine by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), which transforms L-arginine into NO and citrulline. Arginine 37-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 62-73 11166077-2 2001 It is synthesized from the precursor L-arginine by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), which transforms L-arginine into NO and citrulline. Arginine 98-108 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 62-73 11076874-4 2000 METHODS: iNOS activity was assessed by the Griess reaction and the radiochemical L-arginine conversion assay. Arginine 81-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 9-13 11172460-2 2001 NO is produced after oxidation of L-arginine by a family of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes. Arginine 34-44 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 60-81 11051120-1 2000 PURPOSE: Nitric oxide (NO), a short-lived radical synthesized from L-arginine by activation of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), has been implicated in the pathophysiology of epilepsy by some investigators. Arginine 67-77 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 106-127 11194055-2 2000 Nitric oxide is produced from the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and is a component of many cellular second messenger systems. Arginine 48-58 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-109 11194055-2 2000 Nitric oxide is produced from the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and is a component of many cellular second messenger systems. Arginine 48-58 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 111-115 10866325-1 2000 L-Arginine is the common substrate for two enzymes, arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-86 10950934-1 2000 Endogenously produced asymmetrically methylated arginine residues are competitive inhibitors of all three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 48-56 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 118-139 10890554-4 2000 iNOS activity was additionally assessed using a [(14-)C]-labelled arginine to citrulline assay. Arginine 66-74 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 11092595-1 2000 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine (ARG) catalyzed by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is important in the regulation of vascular tone, neurotransmission and host defense. Arginine 38-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 79-100 11092595-1 2000 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine (ARG) catalyzed by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is important in the regulation of vascular tone, neurotransmission and host defense. Arginine 50-53 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 79-100 10973927-3 2000 In contrast, cyclic stretch inhibited the catabolism of L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO) by blocking inducible NO synthase expression. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 100-121 11051565-1 2000 We have studied the reaction of reduced nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) with molecular oxygen at -30 degrees C. In the first reaction cycle (from L-Arg to hydroxy-L-Arg), an oxygen adduct complex formed rapidly. Arginine 142-147 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-61 10918219-2 2000 L-arginine is known to be metabolized by one of two pathways: nitric oxide synthase (NOS), producing nitric oxide (NO), or arginase, producing ornithine. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 62-83 10960189-1 2000 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyses the conversion of L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO) which plays an important role in the regulation of cellular functions and intracellular communications. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 10727427-6 2000 Furthermore, down-regulation of cytokine-induced RANTES mRNA in keratinocytes was dependent on endogenously produced NO, as inhibition of the co-induced iNOS by L-N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine increased cytokine-triggered RANTES expression in the cells. Arginine 178-189 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 153-157 10850643-2 2000 Two reports indicate that the human RBC possesses nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity-by the accumulation of nitrite across a membraned chamber in one and by the hydrolysis of labeled L-arginine, presumably to labeled L-citrulline, in the other. Arginine 185-195 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-71 10799301-3 2000 Inhibition of LPS/IFN-gamma-induced NO synthesis with the L-arginine analogue N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) was accompanied by a significant up-regulation of iNOS mRNA that was reversed in the presence of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Arginine 58-68 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 164-168 10803574-10 2000 The NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester decreased NO release, and pretreatment of cells with L-arginine reversed the effect. Arginine 43-53 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-15 10839134-1 2000 Asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) is a naturally occurring analogue of L-arginine (L-Arg), the substrate of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 20-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 112-133 10839134-1 2000 Asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) is a naturally occurring analogue of L-arginine (L-Arg), the substrate of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 87-92 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 112-133 10698705-2 2000 Here we have investigated possible allosteric and stabilizing effects of H(4)Bip on neuronal NOS (NOS-I) during the conversion of substrate, L-arginine, into L-citrulline and nitric oxide. Arginine 141-151 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-103 10698705-3 2000 Indeed, in kinetic studies dual allosteric interactions between L-arginine and H(4)Bip activated recombinant human NOS-I to increase L-arginine turnover. Arginine 64-74 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 115-120 10698705-3 2000 Indeed, in kinetic studies dual allosteric interactions between L-arginine and H(4)Bip activated recombinant human NOS-I to increase L-arginine turnover. Arginine 133-143 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 115-120 10688832-6 2000 AMG inhibition was reversed by the addition of L-arginine, the substrate for iNOS. Arginine 47-57 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 77-81 10521782-4 1999 It also has been demonstrated that the process of regeneration is invariably accompanied by the up-regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), the enzyme that catalyzes arginine to nitric oxide (NO) and that both neurohypophyseal regeneration, as well as migration and emergence of neuron-like cells upon the surface of the adjacent third cerebral ventricle, is associated with the up-regulation of NOS and increased expression of NO. Arginine 168-176 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 113-134 10698112-1 2000 Similar to nitric oxide synthase (NOS) cytochrome P450 isoforms (e.g. 3A and 4E) can produce nitric oxide from arginine. Arginine 111-119 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 11-32 10901620-1 2000 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities are responsible for the enzymatic conversion of L-arginine into NO and L-citrulline. Arginine 87-97 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 10634623-2 2000 In the L-arginine-NO pathway, NO synthase (NOS) converts L-arginine (L-Arg), the only known biologic substrate for NO formation, to NO and L-citrulline (L-Cit). Arginine 7-17 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-41 10634623-2 2000 In the L-arginine-NO pathway, NO synthase (NOS) converts L-arginine (L-Arg), the only known biologic substrate for NO formation, to NO and L-citrulline (L-Cit). Arginine 57-67 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-41 10580224-5 1999 One of the modulators of cytokine-induced bone resorption is nitric oxide (NO), a product of the action of NO synthase (NOS) on L -arginine to form NO. Arginine 128-139 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 107-118 10709858-1 2000 L-arginine is the substrate for nitric oxide (NO) production by each of the 3 NO synthase (NOS) isoforms encoded by the mammalian genome. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-89 10709858-5 2000 The arginine-citrulline cycle is induced in vascular cells by the same cytokines that trigger iNOS expression and provides the preferred source of substrate for NO production. Arginine 4-12 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 94-98 10691775-4 2000 There is evidence for inter-regulation of arginine pathways in the sense that agmatine is capable of inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), the inflammatory NOS isoform. Arginine 42-50 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 112-143 10691775-4 2000 There is evidence for inter-regulation of arginine pathways in the sense that agmatine is capable of inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), the inflammatory NOS isoform. Arginine 42-50 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 145-149 10634623-2 2000 In the L-arginine-NO pathway, NO synthase (NOS) converts L-arginine (L-Arg), the only known biologic substrate for NO formation, to NO and L-citrulline (L-Cit). Arginine 69-74 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-41 11534124-1 2000 Nitric oxide (NO), which is synthesized from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in mammals, acts as a signal molecule for vasorelaxation, cytotoxicity and neurotransmission. Arginine 45-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 59-80 10695726-2 1999 We demonstrate that induction of iNOS in CGCs by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and pro-inflammatory cytokines results in cell death that was potentiated by excess L-arginine and inhibited by the selective iNOS inhibitor, 2-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methyl-4H-1,3-thiazine. Arginine 162-172 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 10655721-1 1999 INTRODUCTION: Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by the action of NO synthase (NOS) using L-arginine as a substrate in various cells and found in air exhaled by humans. Arginine 85-95 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-72 10556586-7 1999 Amounts of NO synthesised by monocytes co-expressing iNOS and arginase changed with the addition of arginine or an iNOS inhibitor; in that case a correlation of NO production and apoptotic features was observed. Arginine 100-108 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-57 10602296-1 1999 Nitric oxide (NO), which is generated in vivo through conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by NO synthase (NOS), mediates many physiological and pathophysiological processes. Arginine 68-78 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-109 10514281-1 1999 The family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) catalyzes the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO), an important cellular messenger molecule which has been implicated in the pathophysiology of septic shock and inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease states. Arginine 71-81 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 14-36 10556586-8 1999 Data suggest a regulatory role for endogenous NO in apoptosis of stimulated and differentiated monocytes, and also that iNOS and A-II, when simultaneously present, could control the production of NO as a consequence of their competition for arginine. Arginine 241-249 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 120-124 10464242-0 1999 L-arginine binding to nitric-oxide synthase. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 22-43 10464242-2 1999 Nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the oxidation of L-arginine to nitric oxide and L-citrulline. Arginine 55-65 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 10457392-1 1999 Nitric oxide is formed from L-arginine by a family of enzymes: nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 28-38 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-84 10690324-1 1999 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesised from L-arginine by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 38-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-74 10455137-1 1999 The nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the oxidation of L-arginine to L-citrulline and NO through consumption of oxygen bound to the heme. Arginine 59-69 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-25 10690326-1 1999 The guanidino-methylated arginine analogue NG monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) has been the standard nitric oxide synthase inhibitor used to evaluate the role of the L-arginine:nitric oxide pathway. Arginine 57-67 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 99-120 10690326-4 1999 Of the three known methylarginine residues produced in mammals only asymmetrically methylated forms (L-NMMA and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)) but not symmetrically methylated arginine (symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA)) inhibit nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 25-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 234-255 10431034-2 1999 In addition to its effects when administered as a dietary supplement, the end-products of arginine metabolism by the enzymes arginase, arginine decarboxylase (ADC), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) have been shown to play roles in wound healing, immune response, tumor biology, and the regulation of inflammation. Arginine 90-98 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 169-190 10691295-1 1999 Nitric oxide (NO) is an unstable radical produced during the oxidative deamination catalyzed by NO synthase (NOS) that converts L-arginine to L-citrulline. Arginine 128-138 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 96-107 10435871-4 1999 Supplementing dietary L-arginine in renal diseases with increased iNOS expression appears to be detrimental and thus, may be harmful in immune-mediated human kidney disorders. Arginine 22-32 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-70 10383102-8 1999 These results cannot be ascribed to the depletion of arginine the iNOS substrate since they can be reproduced even in the presence of an excess (10 mM) of exogenously added arginine. Arginine 173-181 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-70 10102942-4 1999 In addition to large amounts of nitric oxide (NO), injurious peroxynitrite may be formed in the epithelium by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is considered to elicit cytotoxicity by the generation of superoxide with reduced L-arginine availability. Arginine 242-252 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 114-145 10320661-2 1999 It had been generally accepted that NO is solely generated in biological tissues by specific nitric oxide synthases (NOS) which metabolize arginine to citrulline with the formation of NO. Arginine 139-147 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 93-115 10374872-1 1999 Nitric oxide (NO) is a biological mediator which is synthesized from L-arginine by a family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Arginine 69-79 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 95-117 10211586-2 1999 In macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which express inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), L-canavanine is able to prevent the L-arginine-derived synthesis of nitric oxide (NO). Arginine 139-149 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 96-100 10074942-1 1999 Crystal structures of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and human inducible NOS (iNOS) catalytic domains were solved in complex with the arginine substrate and an inhibitor S-ethylisothiourea (SEITU), respectively. Arginine 150-158 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 79-92 10074942-1 1999 Crystal structures of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and human inducible NOS (iNOS) catalytic domains were solved in complex with the arginine substrate and an inhibitor S-ethylisothiourea (SEITU), respectively. Arginine 150-158 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 94-98 10102942-4 1999 In addition to large amounts of nitric oxide (NO), injurious peroxynitrite may be formed in the epithelium by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is considered to elicit cytotoxicity by the generation of superoxide with reduced L-arginine availability. Arginine 242-252 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 147-151 10102942-9 1999 Selective inhibitors of iNOS activity, as well as topical L-arginine, may therefore prove beneficial in inflammatory bowel disease by reducing the production of superoxide by iNOS, while only the former option may be expected to reduce diarrhoea in chronic inflammatory bowel disorders. Arginine 58-68 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 175-179 10442577-4 1999 NO is generated from L-arginine catalyzed by the NO synthases (NOS), of which two constitutive and one inducible form exist. Arginine 21-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 49-61 10225001-0 1999 L-arginine metabolites regulate DNA synthesis and nitric oxide synthase activity in cultured human dermal microvascular endothelial cells--potential positive and negative regulators of angiogenesis derived from L-arginine. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-71 10202979-2 1999 Nitric oxide (NO) is an important synaptic plasticity molecule generated by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) oxidation of a guanidino nitrogen of L-arginine. Arginine 141-151 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 76-97 9873034-1 1999 Cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a homodimeric enzyme that generates nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline from L-arginine (L-Arg) and O2. Arginine 127-137 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-40 9873034-1 1999 Cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a homodimeric enzyme that generates nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline from L-arginine (L-Arg) and O2. Arginine 127-137 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 42-46 9873034-1 1999 Cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a homodimeric enzyme that generates nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline from L-arginine (L-Arg) and O2. Arginine 139-144 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-40 9873034-1 1999 Cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a homodimeric enzyme that generates nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline from L-arginine (L-Arg) and O2. Arginine 139-144 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 42-46 9873034-3 1999 In both cells and purified systems, iNOS dimer assembly is promoted by H4B, L-Arg, and L-Arg analogs. Arginine 76-81 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 36-40 9873034-3 1999 In both cells and purified systems, iNOS dimer assembly is promoted by H4B, L-Arg, and L-Arg analogs. Arginine 87-92 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 36-40 9918769-1 1998 The gaseous signal molecule, nitric oxide (NO*), is generated enzymatically by NO synthase (NOS) from L-arginine. Arginine 102-112 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 79-90 10476613-3 1999 During cesarean section, biopsies from the uterine placental bed and the placenta were taken and the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was measured by the [3H] L-arginine-[3H] L-citrulline conversion assay in these samples. Arginine 163-173 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 101-122 10743698-2 1999 NO is synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 37-48 10072711-3 1999 None of these autacoids play such a central role in the regulation of vascular tone and homeostasis as the primary EDRF, the free radical NO, which is generated via a live-electron oxidation of a guanidino nitrogen from L-arginine by an NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 220-230 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 237-248 9868533-1 1998 The enzyme responsible for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine in mammalian tissues is known as nitric oxide synthase (NOS) (EC.1.14.13.39). Arginine 67-77 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 111-132 9748253-2 1998 It has been previously shown that besides synthesizing nitric oxide (NO), neuronal and inducible NO synthase (NOS) generates superoxide (O-2) under conditions of L-arginine depletion. Arginine 162-172 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-108 9862364-6 1998 We demonstrated that sCD21 activates NO synthase (NOS) since it was found to enhance the conversion of L-arginine into L-citrulline and induce the intracellular expression of inducible NOS in CD23+ monocytes. Arginine 103-113 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 37-48 9850741-2 1998 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO), a regulator of vascular permeability, from the guanidino nitrogen atom of L-arginine. Arginine 167-177 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 9824439-5 1998 We thus focused on L-Arg metabolism, which involves nitric oxide (NO) production through NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 19-24 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 89-100 9824439-7 1998 The L-Arg-mediated NK cell activation was abolished by addition of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor for iNOS. Arginine 4-9 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 110-114 9837881-1 1998 Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are homodimeric enzymes that NADPH-dependently convert L-arginine to nitric oxide and L-citrulline. Arginine 84-94 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-22 9764573-2 1998 NO is generated enzymatically from the terminal guanidinonitrogen of L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 69-79 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 83-104 9810515-2 1998 NO is a highly diffusible gas, synthesized from L-arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 48-58 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 73-94 9782366-4 1998 Kinetics of endothelial constitutive NO synthase (ecNOS) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activity, measured by [3H]L-arginine to [3H]L-citrulline conversion, and protein expression of ecNOS and iNOS, assessed by Western blot analysis, were unaffected by chronic NA treatment. Arginine 116-126 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-82 9821814-5 1998 On the other hand, L-arginine, the substrate of NO synthase (NOS), was also increased by SKT administration. Arginine 19-29 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 48-59 19649818-3 1998 Of the three known isozymes responsible for catalyzing the production of NO from L-arginine (L-Arg), it is the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) that we wish to examine here due to its involvement in a collection of diseases, including septic- and cytokine-induced shock, immune-type diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, tissue damage, inflammation, and inflammatory bowel disease. Arginine 81-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 152-156 19649818-3 1998 Of the three known isozymes responsible for catalyzing the production of NO from L-arginine (L-Arg), it is the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) that we wish to examine here due to its involvement in a collection of diseases, including septic- and cytokine-induced shock, immune-type diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, tissue damage, inflammation, and inflammatory bowel disease. Arginine 93-98 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 152-156 19649818-5 1998 Within these extremes lies the most conventional tactic, prohibiting NO production from iNOS with L-arginine competitive antagonists or irreversible enzyme inhibitors. Arginine 98-108 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-92 9785759-3 1998 Only one of the three can be triggered by acetylcholine (ACh) and in this vascular bed it is only this path that is dependent upon endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which produces nitric oxide (NO) from arginine. Arginine 209-217 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 143-164 9819805-1 1998 Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical gas that is synthesized from L-arginine (L-Arg) by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 65-75 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-98 9819805-1 1998 Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical gas that is synthesized from L-arginine (L-Arg) by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 77-82 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-98 9731211-1 1998 Nitric oxide (NO) synthesis is well-known to result from the oxidation of L-arginine by a family of NO synthases (NOS). Arginine 74-84 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 100-112 9736696-1 1998 The biosynthesis of nitric oxide (NO) by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS) proceeds by the hydroxylation of L-arginine to form NG-hydroxy-L-arginine followed by the conversion of NG-hydroxy-L-arginine to L-citrulline and NO. Arginine 103-113 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-63 9735327-0 1998 Reactivity of the flavin semiquinone of nitric oxide synthase in the oxygenation of arginine to NG-hydroxyarginine, the first step of nitric oxide synthesis. Arginine 84-92 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-61 9743084-2 1998 L-Arginine increased ciliary beat frequency in vitro with a maximum response of 27.1% +/- 6.4% at 10(-3) mol/L, and this effect was reversibly blocked by pretreatment with the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine, whereas D-arginine had no such effect. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 176-187 18465556-1 1998 There is considerable evidence that excessive nitric oxide (NO) synthesized from L-arginine by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays an important pathological role in inflammatory arthritis. Arginine 81-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 128-132 9668073-2 1998 Cytokine-inducible nitric-oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) contains an oxygenase domain that binds heme, tetrahydrobiopterin, and L-arginine, and a reductase domain that binds FAD, FMN, calmodulin, and NADPH. Arginine 124-134 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-51 9662510-1 1998 BACKGROUND: The homodimeric nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide. Arginine 80-90 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 28-49 9690578-1 1998 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO), a reactive free radical synthesized from L-arginine by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), may play a role in many pathophysiologic conditions, including asthma. Arginine 72-82 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-108 9721327-1 1998 The biogenesis of nitric oxide is catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which forms L-citrulline and NO from L-arginine. Arginine 112-122 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-68 18465556-1 1998 There is considerable evidence that excessive nitric oxide (NO) synthesized from L-arginine by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays an important pathological role in inflammatory arthritis. Arginine 81-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 95-126 9659350-2 1998 Endogenous NO is synthesised by different isoforms of NO synthase (NOS) from L-arginine. Arginine 77-87 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 54-65 9721014-1 1998 Biosynthesis of nitric oxide (NO) is performed by the dimeric, heme-containing enzyme nitric oxide synthase, which requires the flavins FAD and FMN, as well as the pteridine cofactor (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-L-biopterin (H4biopterin) in order to catalyze the NADPH-dependent oxidation of L-arginine. Arginine 287-297 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-107 9568729-3 1998 Similarly, arginine uptake and expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene in response to bacterial DNA in BMM occurred only after IFN-gamma priming. Arginine 11-19 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 82-86 9521739-1 1998 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; EC 1.14.13.39) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent oxidation of one of the free guanidino nitrogens of L-Arg to form nitric oxide and L-citrulline. Arginine 136-141 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 9521739-1 1998 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; EC 1.14.13.39) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent oxidation of one of the free guanidino nitrogens of L-Arg to form nitric oxide and L-citrulline. Arginine 136-141 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 9521739-3 1998 L-Arg analogues with sequentially shorter methylene spacing between the guanidino group and the amino acid portion of the molecule were not iNOS substrates but were reversible inhibitors. Arginine 0-5 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 140-144 9544420-2 1998 NO is produced from L-arginine by the family of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes, forming the free radical NO and citrulline as byproduct. Arginine 20-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 48-69 9630344-10 1998 The competitive nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG) not only blocked L-arginine-induced relaxations, but also significantly increased spontaneous contractile activity when added alone (P < 0.05); the inactive D-enantiomer of NOARG had no such effect. Arginine 69-79 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 16-37 9512771-1 1998 Nitric oxide (NO) is formed by a class of NO synthases (NOS), which convert arginine into citrulline. Arginine 76-84 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 42-54 9557853-2 1998 Nitric oxide (NO) is a mediator of vasodilatation and cytotoxicity which is synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthases (NOS). Arginine 93-103 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 107-119 9653515-0 1998 The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester potentiates insulin secretion stimulated by glucose and L-arginine independently of its action on ATP-sensitive K+ channels. Arginine 45-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-25 9452441-1 1998 Nitric oxide (NO), a physiologically important activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), is synthesized from L-arginine and O2 in a reaction catalyzed by NO synthases (NOS). Arginine 112-122 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 157-169 10095865-3 1998 NO is produced by the action of NO synthase (NOS) using L-arginine as a substrate. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 32-43 9558647-1 1998 Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical gas that is synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 65-75 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 79-90 9442050-2 1998 Nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) is a flavohemoprotein that has a cytochrome P450 (P450)-type heme active site and catalyzes the monooxygenation of L-Arg to NG-hydroxy-L-Arg (NHA) according to the normal P450-type reaction in the first step of NO synthesis. Arginine 143-148 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 9658716-1 1998 Nitrix oxide (NO) is a highly reactive and short-lived radical (half-life time: 10-12 s), which is derived from L-arginine by the NO synthases (NOS) in several organ systems. Arginine 112-122 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 130-142 15991919-1 1998 Nitric oxide (NO), derived from L-arginine (L-Arg) by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is involved in acute and chronic inflammatory events. Arginine 32-42 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-86 15991919-1 1998 Nitric oxide (NO), derived from L-arginine (L-Arg) by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is involved in acute and chronic inflammatory events. Arginine 44-49 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-86 9511084-3 1998 Following bacterial infection, especially with Gram-negative organisms, its formation from L-arginine is enhanced due to the cytokine-mediated induction of a NOS enzyme (iNOS) in cells (e.g. cardiac myocytes, vascular smooth muscle) that do not normally have the ability to synthesize NO. Arginine 91-101 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 170-174 9400822-4 1997 L-arginine, the physiological substrate for NO synthase (NOS), and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of NOS, both caused a 40-50% inhibition of LPS-induced priming of O2- generation in PMNs in stirred suspension, but not in LPS-primed PMNs under static or adherent conditions. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 44-55 9816698-2 1998 is produced from L-arginine, as result of a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 17-27 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 77-98 9284407-1 1997 Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is an endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptide, whereas nitric oxide (NO) is a potent endothelium-derived vasorelaxing factor synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 166-176 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 180-191 9376373-3 1997 In the presence of L-arginine, the physiological substrate, the frequencies of the Fe-Co stretching mode and the C-O stretching mode in nNOS, the brain enzyme, are detected at 503 and 1929 cm-1, respectively; whereas in iNOS, the inducible enzyme from macrophage, the modes are detected at 512 and 1906 cm-1, respectively. Arginine 19-29 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 220-224 9376373-7 1997 This may be accounted for either by an arginine-CO distance that is as much as 1 A greater in nNOS than in iNOS and eNOS or by a substantial shielding of the charge on the arginine in nNOS as compared to the other isozymes. Arginine 39-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 107-111 9313865-3 1997 These values are 12 and 32 times lower than the K(m) for L-arginine with nNOS and iNOS, respectively; however, 7 does not exhibit time-dependent inhibition with either. Arginine 57-67 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 82-86 9269530-2 1997 Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the control of glomerular haemodynamics and is synthesized from the amino acid L-arginine by a family of enzymes, NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 124-134 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 159-170 9200011-10 1997 These findings confirm the likely importance of the L-arginine-NO pathway as a physiological mediator of bone cell function and demonstrate that it may be possible to exert differential effects on osteoblast and osteoclast activity in vivo by differential targeting of constitutive and inducible NOS isoforms by selective NOS inhibitors. Arginine 52-62 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 286-299 9312403-1 1997 Nitric oxide (NO), derived from L-arginine (L-Arg) by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is involved in the regulation of several important physiological and pathophysiological functions. Arginine 32-42 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-86 9312403-1 1997 Nitric oxide (NO), derived from L-arginine (L-Arg) by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is involved in the regulation of several important physiological and pathophysiological functions. Arginine 44-49 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-86 9227556-5 1997 Furthermore, inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) attenuated estrogen- or tamoxifen-induced BKCa-channel activity, and this effect was disinhibited by L-arginine. Arginine 146-156 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 27-38 9195976-14 1997 Arg regeneration by AS is rate-limiting to NO synthesis and apparently provides iNOS with a preferred cellular source of Arg. Arginine 0-3 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 80-84 9109669-1 1997 The substrate binding site in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) can accommodate the physiological substrates, L-arginine and N(omega)-hydroxy L-arginine as well as many substrate analogues and inhibitors. Arginine 104-114 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-51 9165669-4 1997 Nitric oxide (NO) is an oxidant formed by the catalysis of L-arginine when acted upon by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 59-69 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 100-121 9144413-1 1997 Nitric oxide (NO) is a biologically active molecule known to be enzymatically synthesized from L-arginine in the presence of NO synthetase (NOS). Arginine 95-105 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 125-138 9045621-1 1997 Nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline are formed from the oxidation of L-arginine by three different isoforms of NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 68-78 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 110-121 9155960-1 1997 Nitric oxide is generated from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which has at least three isoforms; endothelial-type NOS (eNOS) and brain-type NOS (bNOS) are constitutive enzymes, and inducible-type NOS (iNOS) is expressed after stimulation. Arginine 31-41 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 193-211 9155960-1 1997 Nitric oxide is generated from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which has at least three isoforms; endothelial-type NOS (eNOS) and brain-type NOS (bNOS) are constitutive enzymes, and inducible-type NOS (iNOS) is expressed after stimulation. Arginine 31-41 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 213-217 9040948-5 1997 Using Western and Northern blot analysis and arginine conversion assay, we demonstrate that the expression of iNOS decreases when cells undergo differentiation. Arginine 45-53 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 110-114 9124393-0 1997 Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on renal hemodynamics in humans: reversal by L-arginine. Arginine 88-98 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 10-31 9124393-1 1997 Animal experiments indicate that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) influences renal hemodynamics and that this effect can be reversed by L-arginine, the precursor of NO synthesis. Arginine 145-155 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-68 9060826-6 1997 iNOS activity was demonstrated biochemically by measuring the calcium-independent generation of citrulline from L-arginine, and the presence of iNOS mRNA was demonstrated using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Arginine 112-122 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 9084577-1 1997 BACKGROUND: Besides endothelial cells, platelets possess active nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme, which converts L-arginine to NO and L-citrulline. Arginine 115-125 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 64-85 9056390-2 1997 In the present experiments we found that S-methylthiocitrulline, a relatively selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, produced significant neuroprotection against striatal lesions produced by malonate, and the protection was reversed by l-arginine but not by d-arginine. Arginine 255-265 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-118 9065701-2 1997 NO is generated from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which has three isoforms; endothelial-type NOS (eNOS) and brain-type NOS (bNOS) are constitutive enzymes, and inducible-type NOS (iNOS) is expressed after stimulation. Arginine 21-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 174-192 9065701-2 1997 NO is generated from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which has three isoforms; endothelial-type NOS (eNOS) and brain-type NOS (bNOS) are constitutive enzymes, and inducible-type NOS (iNOS) is expressed after stimulation. Arginine 21-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 194-198 9084577-4 1997 METHODS AND RESULTS: Nitric oxide synthase activity was measured as formation of L-citrulline from L-arginine. Arginine 99-109 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 21-42 9155581-1 1997 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) is an unstable vasodilator formed by NO synthetase (NOS) from L-arginine (L-Arg) in various cells but its role in the control of pancreatic secretion in humans has not been examined. Arginine 92-102 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 67-80 9155581-1 1997 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) is an unstable vasodilator formed by NO synthetase (NOS) from L-arginine (L-Arg) in various cells but its role in the control of pancreatic secretion in humans has not been examined. Arginine 104-109 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 67-80 9395248-1 1997 Nitric oxide (NO), first identified as endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), is a free radical synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthases (NOS). Arginine 118-128 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 132-144 9199488-1 1997 Novel, non-arginine based compounds have been identified as potent inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 11-19 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 81-102 9466952-1 1997 The effects of arginine on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and NO production were studied in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAEC). Arginine 15-23 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 27-48 9328230-1 1997 Nitric oxide (NO) is generated from L-arginine by different isoforms of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and is known to be involved in mediating several biological functions, some of which are associated with reproduction. Arginine 36-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 83-104 8962079-1 1996 The nitric-oxide synthase (NOS; EC 1.14.13.39) reaction is formulated as a partially tetrahydrobiopterin (H4Bip)-dependent 5-electron oxidation of a terminal guanidino nitrogen of L-arginine (Arg) associated with stoichiometric consumption of dioxygen (O2) and 1.5 mol of NADPH to form L-citrulline (Cit) and nitric oxide (.NO). Arginine 180-190 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-25 8962079-1 1996 The nitric-oxide synthase (NOS; EC 1.14.13.39) reaction is formulated as a partially tetrahydrobiopterin (H4Bip)-dependent 5-electron oxidation of a terminal guanidino nitrogen of L-arginine (Arg) associated with stoichiometric consumption of dioxygen (O2) and 1.5 mol of NADPH to form L-citrulline (Cit) and nitric oxide (.NO). Arginine 192-195 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-25 9121222-0 1996 Impairment of osteoblast growth by nitric oxide synthase inhibitors: an effect independent of nitric oxide and arginine transport inhibition. Arginine 111-119 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 35-56 8753809-1 1996 Inducible-Nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, EC 1.14.13.39) catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline from L-Arg. Arginine 121-126 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 8938577-1 1996 Nitric oxide (NO), the free radical that accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, is synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 138-148 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 152-163 8988877-3 1996 NO generation is catalyzed by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) converting arginine into citrulline and NO. Arginine 80-88 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-67 8903029-1 1996 NADPH diaphorase histochemistry is commonly used to identify cells containing nitric oxide synthase (NOS), the enzyme catalyzing the production of nitric oxide from L-arginine. Arginine 165-175 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-99 8753809-1 1996 Inducible-Nitric oxide synthase (iNOS, EC 1.14.13.39) catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline from L-Arg. Arginine 121-126 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 8753809-3 1996 The natural product, (-)-noformycin was found to be a potent, competitive inhibitor of recombinant human iNOS with respect to L-Arg with a Ki = 1.3 +/- 0.3 microM. Arginine 126-131 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 105-109 8928785-6 1996 We conclude that in this model of the human intestinal epithelium 1) cytokine-mediated induction of iNOS is Ca2+ independent, weakly steroid sensitive, and may involve the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and a tyrosine kinase, and 2) iNOS activity is Ca2+ -independent and inhibited by hypoxia, NG-substituted L-arginine analogues, and isothioureas. Arginine 315-325 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 100-104 8858209-2 1996 NO is produced by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), in a reaction where arginine is the main substrate. Arginine 78-86 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 29-50 8755738-3 1996 Steady-state kinetic studies on recombinant human inducible nitric oxide synthase (rH-iNOS) demonstrate that imidazole and 1-phenylimidazole are competitive and reversible inhibitors versus L-arginine. Arginine 190-200 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-90 8755738-10 1996 These data taken together suggest that the L-arginine, dioxygen, and the BH4 binding sites are in close proximity in rH-iNOS. Arginine 43-53 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 120-124 8672462-0 1996 Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the heme domain of inducible nitric oxide synthase: binding of ligands at the arginine site induces changes in the heme ligation geometry. Arginine 126-134 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 67-98 8672462-2 1996 The binding of ligands to the iNOS arginine site perturbs the environment of the high-spin ferriheme in a highly ligand-specific manner. Arginine 35-43 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-34 8672462-3 1996 The iNOS forms five-coordinate, high-spin complexes with arginine analogs which are clearly related to the corresponding complexes of nNOS. Arginine 57-65 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-8 8812639-3 1996 NO results from the oxidative deimination of l-arginine to l-citrulline by NO synthase (NOS), several isoforms of which have recently been isolated. Arginine 45-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 75-86 8812645-0 1996 Expression and Detection of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Experimental Models of Inflammation Three different isoforms of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) (EC 1.14.13.39) catalyze the formation of nitric oxide (NO) from l-arginine, which is then converted to l-citrulline. Arginine 231-241 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 38-59 8812645-0 1996 Expression and Detection of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Experimental Models of Inflammation Three different isoforms of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) (EC 1.14.13.39) catalyze the formation of nitric oxide (NO) from l-arginine, which is then converted to l-citrulline. Arginine 231-241 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 138-159 8832069-2 1996 The L-arginine derivatives NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG) and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) have been widely used to inhibit constitutive NO synthase (NOS) in different biological systems. Arginine 4-14 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 149-160 8647919-1 1996 That L-arginine (L-Arg) augments the host response to acute bacterial sepsis suggests that this amino acid intervenes early in the immune response, perhaps via the nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) pathway. Arginine 5-15 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 164-187 8647919-1 1996 That L-arginine (L-Arg) augments the host response to acute bacterial sepsis suggests that this amino acid intervenes early in the immune response, perhaps via the nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) pathway. Arginine 17-22 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 164-187 8804927-2 1996 Endogenous NO is generated from L-arginine by the action of several types of NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 32-42 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 77-88 8616812-3 1996 This study demonstrates that argininosuccinate synthetase and GTP-cyclohydrolase-I, which catalyze rate-limiting steps in the synthesis of iNOS substrate (arginine) and cofactor (tetrahydrobiopterin), respectively, are coinduced with iNOS expression in two human tumor cell lines. Arginine 155-163 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 139-143 8616812-3 1996 This study demonstrates that argininosuccinate synthetase and GTP-cyclohydrolase-I, which catalyze rate-limiting steps in the synthesis of iNOS substrate (arginine) and cofactor (tetrahydrobiopterin), respectively, are coinduced with iNOS expression in two human tumor cell lines. Arginine 155-163 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 234-238 8639550-1 1996 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent formation of nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline from L-arginine and O2. Arginine 120-130 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 8639550-1 1996 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent formation of nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline from L-arginine and O2. Arginine 120-130 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 8639550-2 1996 In addition to serving as substrate, L-arginine alters the enzyme"s heme iron spin equilibrium, increases its NADPH oxidation, and promotes assembly of active dimeric iNOS from inactive monomers. Arginine 37-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 167-171 8639550-3 1996 To understand what structural aspects of L-arginine are important for causing these effects, we have studied the interactions of iNOS with several L-arginine and guanidine analogs. Arginine 41-51 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 129-133 8639550-3 1996 To understand what structural aspects of L-arginine are important for causing these effects, we have studied the interactions of iNOS with several L-arginine and guanidine analogs. Arginine 147-157 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 129-133 8639550-11 1996 These latter affects are mediated through binding of the guanidinium portion of L-arginine and its analogs to a single site within iNOS and are relatively independent of the amino acid portion of the molecule. Arginine 80-90 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 131-135 8983811-3 1996 NO is synthesised from L-arginine by a family of enzymes called Nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 64-85 8882464-5 1996 Since 1990, numerous studies which exclusively employed L-arginine analogues as specific NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors, have been undertaken to examine the role of NO in the regulation of the cerebral circulation. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 89-100 8631749-5 1996 The heterodimer catalyzed NADPH-dependent NO synthesis from L-arginine at a rate of 52 +/- 6 nmol of NO/min/nmol of heme, which is half the rate of purified iNOS homodimer. Arginine 60-70 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 157-161 8821467-1 1995 Nitric oxide (NO) is generated from L-arginine by the family of isoenzymes called NO synthases (NOS). Arginine 36-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 82-94 7664438-2 1995 L-Arginine, the substrate for NO synthase (NOS), has a vasodilatory effect in systemic vascular beds and can correct abnormal endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-41 7499198-0 1995 Characterization by electron paramagnetic resonance of the interactions of L-arginine and L-thiocitrulline with the heme cofactor region of nitric oxide synthase. Arginine 75-85 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 140-161 7499198-1 1995 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes sequential NADPH- and O2-dependent mono-oxygenase reactions converting L-arginine to N omega-hydroxy-L-arginine and N omega-hydroxy-L-arginine to citrulline and nitric oxide. Arginine 109-119 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 7577932-1 1995 Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) require NADPH and tetrahydrobiopterin (H4biopterin) to convert L-arginine to L-citrulline. Arginine 92-102 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-22 8547593-7 1995 ADC and iNOS enzymes synthesizing distinct bioactive products from L-arginine, may be reciprocally regulated. Arginine 67-77 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 8-12 7559438-1 1995 Neuronal NO synthase (NOS) is a flavin-containing hemeprotein that generates NO from L-arginine, NADPH, and O2. Arginine 85-95 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 9-20 7539586-1 1995 Nitric oxide (NO) is generated from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 36-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-61 7544348-3 1995 It is synthesized in several different tissues from L-Arg and O2, using NADPH as an electron donor, by a family of heme-containing catalytically self-sufficient monooxygenases known as nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Arginine 52-57 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 185-207 7546624-1 1995 Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized from L-arginine by a family of NO synthases (NOS), is a widespread biological mediator implicated in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Arginine 36-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 62-74 7546628-2 1995 Abundant evidence is now available that NO, synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS), is a nonadrenergic noncholinergic relaxant transmitter of gastrointestinal smooth muscle. Arginine 61-71 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 75-86 7546631-3 1995 NO levels of target tissues can be affected directly by NO donors, or indirectly by increasing the level of L-arginine, a substrate of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 108-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 135-156 8537149-1 1995 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which catalyzes the reaction of L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO), plays an important role in immune-mediated cardiac disorders. Arginine 72-82 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 8537149-1 1995 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which catalyzes the reaction of L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO), plays an important role in immune-mediated cardiac disorders. Arginine 72-82 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 7544846-4 1995 Nitric oxide is synthesized from a L-arginine by the cytoplasmic enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which is a calcium dependent enzyme, and this pathway is inhibited by the analogues of L-arginine such as NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and is augmented by NMDA receptor activation. Arginine 35-45 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 72-93 7544846-4 1995 Nitric oxide is synthesized from a L-arginine by the cytoplasmic enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which is a calcium dependent enzyme, and this pathway is inhibited by the analogues of L-arginine such as NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and is augmented by NMDA receptor activation. Arginine 187-197 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 72-93 7542073-3 1995 iNOS generates the gas nitric oxide from L-arginine, and elevated levels of NO in exhaled air have been described in asthma. Arginine 41-51 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 7540349-1 1995 Nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are enzymes that produce nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine in a reaction yielding citrulline as a coproduct. Arginine 77-87 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-22 7772676-2 1995 Nitric oxide can be synthesised from L-arginine by any of three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and its interaction with prostacyclin, its proposed mechanisms of action and cytotoxicity are briefly reviewed in the context of cardiovascular function. Arginine 37-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 76-97 7536940-12 1995 If human AM generate NO from L-arginine by either iNOS or other NADPH oxidases then NO may play a role in the overall host-defense response of the lung to MAC and MTB. Arginine 29-39 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-54 18475620-1 1995 L-Arginine is converted to the highly reactive and unstable nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline by an enzyme named nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 114-135 7536905-1 1995 Cultured cerebellar granule neurons were assayed for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity by measuring the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline. Arginine 121-131 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-74 8743159-2 1995 NO is synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS), which can exist either as a calcium-dependent or a calcium-independent isoform of the enzyme. Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 37-48 7527657-1 1994 The nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are a unique family of P450-type hemoproteins that catalyze the formation of .NO and citrulline from L-arginine, oxygen, and NADPH. Arginine 134-144 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 4-26 7526387-1 1994 Although nitric oxide (NO) appears to be one of the oxidation products of L-arginine catalyzed by NO synthase (NOS; EC 1.14.13.39), past studies on the measurement of NO in cell-free enzymatic assays have not been based on the direct detection of the free NO molecule. Arginine 74-84 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-109 7537723-2 1994 NO is synthesized from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 37-58 7519607-0 1994 L-arginine and calmodulin regulation of the heme iron reactivity in neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 77-98 7520872-0 1994 Identification of imidazole as L-arginine-competitive inhibitor of porcine brain nitric oxide synthase. Arginine 31-41 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 81-102 8060312-1 1994 Platinum electrodes (PLE) have been used recently to study the physiologic effects of the enzymatic conversion of L-arginine (L-arg) to nitric oxide (NO) by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 114-124 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 157-178 8060312-1 1994 Platinum electrodes (PLE) have been used recently to study the physiologic effects of the enzymatic conversion of L-arginine (L-arg) to nitric oxide (NO) by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 114-119 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 157-178 7519607-1 1994 Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is a calmodulin-dependent, flavin-containing hemoprotein that forms NO from L-arginine, NADPH, and molecular oxygen. Arginine 113-123 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 9-30 7537167-1 1994 The free radical nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from the guanidino group of L-arginine by a family of enzymes termed NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 78-88 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 119-130 7524724-1 1994 Nitric oxide (NO), a short-lived, highly diffusible free radical, is a messenger molecule produced through the conversion of arginine to citrulline by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 125-133 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 151-162 7519349-2 1994 The effect of two amphiphiles, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and digitonin on the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), as measured by conversion of radiolabeled L-arginine to L-citrulline, has been studied. Arginine 165-175 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 94-115 7515050-1 1994 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the NADPH-dependent, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent formation of NO and citrulline from L-arginine and molecular oxygen. Arginine 121-131 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 7513691-0 1994 Glutamate receptors induce a burst of superoxide via activation of nitric oxide synthase in arginine-depleted neurons. Arginine 92-100 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 67-88 8182347-2 1994 This pathway involves the oxidation of arginine to citrulline, with the concomitant release of NO by an inducible form of NO synthase (iNOS). Arginine 39-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 135-139 7511942-2 1994 NO is synthesized from one of the guanidino nitrogens of L-arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 57-67 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 82-103 7509810-1 1994 Nitric oxide, a multifunctional effector molecule synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from L-arginine, conveys signals for vasorelaxation, neurotransmission, and cytotoxicity. Arginine 98-108 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-86 7511585-3 1994 While citrulline has been considered to be an inert by-product of the high output inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS), we show here that immunostimulants induce a metabolic pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells, which enables them to regenerate arginine from citrulline. Arginine 251-259 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 116-120 8528889-5 1994 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), the enzyme in nitric oxidergic neurons that converts arginine into citrulline plus NO, is inactive in the phosphorylated state. Arginine 82-90 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 7976184-2 1994 NO is generated enzymatically from L-arginine by a constitutive, cytosolic, Ca2+/calmodulin-activated NO synthase (NOS): NADPH- and tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent cytochrome P-450-type hemoprotein. Arginine 35-45 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 102-113 8133311-4 1994 NO is formed from L-arginine by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), for which tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is a necessary co-factor. Arginine 18-28 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 43-54 1280257-1 1992 Brain nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which utilizes NADPH and calcium/calmodulin as cofactors for metabolizing L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline, contains recognition sites for the flavins FAD and FMN. Arginine 109-119 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 6-27 7692046-1 1993 Arginine is oxidized by a class of enzymes called the nitric oxide synthases (NOS) to generate citrulline and, presumably, nitric oxide (.NO). Arginine 0-8 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 54-76 7504627-1 1993 Nitric oxide (NO) produced from L-arginine by NO synthases (NOS) is a transmitter known to be involved in diverse biological processes, including immunomodulation, neurotransmission and blood vessel dilatation. Arginine 32-42 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 46-58 8475085-2 1993 Cytokines induce nitric oxide synthase (NOS), an enzyme that converts L-arginine into L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO). Arginine 70-80 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-38 33817163-3 2019 The development of oxidative-nitrative stress in peripheral blood cells during DM can be prevented by agmatine, an endogenous metabolite of L-arginine, which is a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, and possesses hypoglycemic properties. Arginine 140-150 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 163-184 1280702-1 1992 L-arginine can be metabolized to nitric oxide (NO) by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and to urea and L-ornithine by arginase. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 54-75 1378832-1 1992 Nitric oxide, which accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), is synthesized in endothelial cells from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 145-155 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 159-180 1379068-2 1992 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the five-electron oxidation of L-arginine to citrulline and nitric oxide. Arginine 69-79 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 1380405-1 1992 NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes the oxidation of L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO) or a NO-releasing compound. Arginine 45-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-11 34428455-10 2021 We hypothesize that tumor-derived disruptions in Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS)2-regulated arginine catabolism impair differentiation of MuSCs. Arginine 88-96 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 72-77 34606757-3 2021 Nitric oxide ( NO) is produced at oxidation of arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) or at reduction of nitrites by diverse reductases. Arginine 47-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 59-80 35322764-1 2022 NO, or nitric oxide, is produced by a family of enzymes called nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from L-arginine. Arginine 96-106 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-84 35533947-6 2022 NO is a gaseous compound that easily diffuses through the cell membrane and is produced through the oxidation reaction of l-Arginine to l-citrulline catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 122-132 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 162-183 35508110-5 2022 iNOS expression was coupled to metabolic rewiring, inducing increased diversion of extracellular L-arginine through the arginosuccinate shunt and urea cycle to produce nitric oxide (NO), directly mediating bacterial clearance. Arginine 97-107 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-4 34212433-7 2022 The level of serum nitric oxide (NO) and activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) also increased in 150-day-old boars in the ARG group (p < 0.05). Arginine 124-127 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-74 34302694-4 2021 Endogenous NO is produced from L-arginine under catalysis of three isoforms of NOS (eNOS, iNOS, and nNOS). Arginine 31-41 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 90-94 33881837-4 2021 After loaded with l-arginine (l-Arg) and sealed with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), hollow Fe3O4 NPs were fabricated into LPFe3O4 NPs, which could release l-Arg based on pH-responsive PAA and produce nitric oxide (NO) with the help of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) overexpressed by M1 TAMs, as a result of additional tumor elimination for gas therapy. Arginine 150-155 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 253-257 35391922-2 2022 At least two major pathways produce NO: (1) the L-arginine-NO-oxidative pathway in which NO synthase (NOS) enzymes convert L-arginine to NO; (2) the nitrate-nitrite-NO reductive pathway in which NO is produced from the serial reduction of nitrate and nitrite. Arginine 48-58 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 89-100 35391922-2 2022 At least two major pathways produce NO: (1) the L-arginine-NO-oxidative pathway in which NO synthase (NOS) enzymes convert L-arginine to NO; (2) the nitrate-nitrite-NO reductive pathway in which NO is produced from the serial reduction of nitrate and nitrite. Arginine 123-133 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 89-100 33538046-2 2021 Derived from the enzymatic conversion of arginine by several nitric oxide synthases (NOS), NO plays significant roles in neuronal developmental events such as the establishment of dendritic branching or arbors. Arginine 41-49 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-83 33625212-6 2021 Subsequently, the classic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway aroused by immune response was revolutionarily utilized to oxidize the l-arginine substrates for NO production, the process for which could also be promoted by the high reactive oxygen species level generated by chemo-PTT. Arginine 144-154 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 26-57 33625212-6 2021 Subsequently, the classic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway aroused by immune response was revolutionarily utilized to oxidize the l-arginine substrates for NO production, the process for which could also be promoted by the high reactive oxygen species level generated by chemo-PTT. Arginine 144-154 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 59-63 32348225-4 2021 The enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is responsible for the generation of NO in different cells by conversion of L-arginine (Arg) to L-citrulline. Arginine 115-125 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 11-32 33657586-2 2021 Arginase competes with NO synthase (NOS) for L-arginine, and its upregulation may reduce NOS-derived NO formation or induce production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via uncoupling of NOS, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Arginine 45-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 23-34 33373331-3 2021 Argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) is the only mammalian enzyme capable of synthesizing arginine, the sole precursor for nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent NO synthesis. Arginine 83-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 116-137 33680983-4 2020 Availability of L-Arginine, a semi-essential amino acid is required for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mediated NO production. Arginine 16-26 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 72-103 33680983-4 2020 Availability of L-Arginine, a semi-essential amino acid is required for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mediated NO production. Arginine 16-26 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 105-109 33680983-5 2020 However, arginase is another enzyme, which if expressed concomitantly, may strongly compete for L-Arginine, and suppress NO production by iNOS. Arginine 96-106 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 138-142 33499404-1 2021 Nitric oxide (NO) is formed during the oxidation of L-arginine to L-citrulline by the action of multiple isoenzymes of NO synthase (NOS): neuronal NOS (nNOS), endotelial NOS (eNOS), and inducible NOS (iNOS). Arginine 52-62 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 119-130 32348225-4 2021 The enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is responsible for the generation of NO in different cells by conversion of L-arginine (Arg) to L-citrulline. Arginine 127-130 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 11-32 32722521-4 2020 By producing L-ornithine while competing with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for the same substrate (L-arginine), arginase can influence the endogenous levels of polyamines, proline, and NO . Arginine 98-108 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 46-67 32412630-7 2020 Arg supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the protein abundance of apoptosis antigen 1 (FAS) (52.0% and 43.9%) but increased (P < 0.05) those of nuclear respiratory factor 1 (31.3% and 22.9%) and inducible NO synthase (35.2% and 41.8%) relative to the CON and CON + NAME groups, respectively. Arginine 0-3 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 195-216 32312763-1 2020 l-Arginine metabolism through arginase 1 (Arg-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) constitutes a fundamental axis for the resolution or progression of leishmaniasis. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-90 32312763-3 2020 In this work, we analyzed in an in vivo model the capacity of two L. mexicana isolates, one obtained from a patient with LCL and the other from a patient with DCL, to regulate the metabolism of l-arginine through Arg-1 and NOS2. Arginine 194-204 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 223-227 32131024-2 2020 One such role ascribed to arginase has been that of regulating nitric oxide (NO) production by a substrate (l-arginine) competition between arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 108-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 153-174 32524920-1 2020 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, an enzyme potentially involved in the major depressive episodes (MDE), could be indirectly measured by the L-Citrulline/L-Arginine ratio (L-Cit/L-Arg). Arginine 170-180 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-33 32524920-1 2020 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, an enzyme potentially involved in the major depressive episodes (MDE), could be indirectly measured by the L-Citrulline/L-Arginine ratio (L-Cit/L-Arg). Arginine 170-175 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-33 32112882-0 2020 Correction of arginine metabolism with sepiapterin-the precursor of nitric oxide synthase cofactor BH4-induces immunostimulatory-shift of breast cancer. Arginine 14-22 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 68-89 32112882-4 2020 We tested whether supplementing sepiapterin, the precursor of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)-the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) cofactor-redirects arginine metabolism from the pathway synthesizing polyamines to that of synthesizing nitric oxide (NO) and make breast tumors more immunogenic. Arginine 139-147 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 92-113 31502681-4 2020 l-Arginine, being a substrate for iNOS, is the natural lead to develop iNOS inhibitors. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 34-38 31502681-4 2020 l-Arginine, being a substrate for iNOS, is the natural lead to develop iNOS inhibitors. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 71-75 32197481-1 2020 Nitric oxide (NO ), synthesized from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is involved in sperm functionality. Arginine 37-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 51-72 32115479-2 2020 NO was a widely noted gas with diverse functions, having arginine (L-Arg) as a substrate for the NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 57-65 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-108 31672462-2 2020 NO is synthesized from l-arginine through the action of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family of enzymes, which includes three isoforms: endothelial NOS (eNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 60-81 31672462-2 2020 NO is synthesized from l-arginine through the action of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family of enzymes, which includes three isoforms: endothelial NOS (eNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 186-199 31672462-2 2020 NO is synthesized from l-arginine through the action of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family of enzymes, which includes three isoforms: endothelial NOS (eNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 201-205 31192483-1 2020 A considerable number of human diseases have an inflammatory component, and a key mediator of immune activation and inflammation is inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which produces nitric oxide (NO) from l-arginine. Arginine 210-220 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 132-163 31192483-1 2020 A considerable number of human diseases have an inflammatory component, and a key mediator of immune activation and inflammation is inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which produces nitric oxide (NO) from l-arginine. Arginine 210-220 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 165-169 32226302-2 2020 NO is mainly produced from L-arginine by inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Arginine 27-37 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 41-62 32226302-2 2020 NO is mainly produced from L-arginine by inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Arginine 27-37 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 64-68 32115479-2 2020 NO was a widely noted gas with diverse functions, having arginine (L-Arg) as a substrate for the NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 67-72 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-108 31022534-1 2019 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the transformation of l-arginine, molecular oxygen (O2), and NADPH-derived electrons to nitric oxide (NO) and l-citrulline. Arginine 60-70 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 31533268-1 2019 Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly reactive molecule, generated through metabolism of L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 81-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 95-106 31500090-3 2019 Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical synthesized from L-arginine by the action of the NO synthase (NOS) enzyme. Arginine 53-63 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 85-96 30996821-2 2019 It is endogenously synthesized by NO synthase (NOS) as the product of L-arginine oxidation to L-citrulline, requiring NADPH, molecular oxygen, and a pterin cofactor. Arginine 70-80 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 34-45 31337005-3 2019 NO synthases (NOS) use l-arginine (Arg) as a substrate, as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a direct endogenous inhibitor of NOS. Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-12 31337005-3 2019 NO synthases (NOS) use l-arginine (Arg) as a substrate, as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a direct endogenous inhibitor of NOS. Arginine 35-38 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-12 30610471-1 2019 L-Arginine is converted by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 27-48 30647491-1 2018 Nitric oxide (NO) is generated by a family of enzymes termed NO synthases (NOS) that convert L-arginine to NO and citrulline. Arginine 93-103 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-73 30844720-3 2019 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is an enzyme that converts L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO), which functions to maintain vascular and adipocyte homeostasis. Arginine 55-65 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 29127889-1 2018 OBJECTIVE: Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 67-77 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-108 30522493-16 2018 CONCLUSIONS: It is proposed that haemozoin interacts with L-arginine reducing its availability for iNOS, and thus decreasing nitric oxide production. Arginine 58-68 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 99-103 29870781-11 2018 In co-treatment of TR-BBB cells with l-arginine, a NO donor, and glutamate, NO levels were increased and expression levels of iNOS mRNA were similar compared to those in cells treated with glutamate alone. Arginine 37-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 126-130 30122195-8 2018 Inhibition of inducible NO synthase by the NO synthase inhibitor l-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester abrogated the effect of l-Arg on preserving intestinal integrity under HS conditions as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance, Lucifer Yellow flux, and E-cadherin expression. Arginine 121-126 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 14-35 29772534-1 2018 The three mammalian isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) produce the signalling molecule nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine, molecular oxygen, and NADPH. Arginine 115-125 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 32-53 29301528-5 2018 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the conversion of Arg (high affinity) and hArg (low affinity) to nitric oxide (NO) which is a pleiotropic signaling molecule. Arginine 56-59 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 30581791-2 2018 NO is synthesized enzymatically from l-arginine (l-Arg) by three NO synthase (NOS) isoforms, Neuronal NOS (nNOS or NOS1), Inducible NOS (iNOS or NOS2), and Endothelial NOS (eNOS or NOS3). Arginine 49-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 137-141 30581791-2 2018 NO is synthesized enzymatically from l-arginine (l-Arg) by three NO synthase (NOS) isoforms, Neuronal NOS (nNOS or NOS1), Inducible NOS (iNOS or NOS2), and Endothelial NOS (eNOS or NOS3). Arginine 49-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 145-149 29359547-3 2018 Our previous work has shown that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) films release NO fluxes upon enzymatic conversion of the substrate l-arginine. Arginine 139-149 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-64 29359547-3 2018 Our previous work has shown that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) films release NO fluxes upon enzymatic conversion of the substrate l-arginine. Arginine 139-149 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-70 28882669-8 2017 Moreover, we used this probe to study the L-arginine-dependency of NO generation by iNOS on the level of single cells. Arginine 42-52 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 84-88 29887621-3 2018 NO is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) during two-step oxidation of l-arginine to l-citrulline. Arginine 78-88 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 21-42 30245763-1 2018 NG-hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA) is a stable intermediate product in the consumption of L-arginine in the urea cycle by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to produce nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline. Arginine 11-21 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 116-137 28813479-10 2017 The functional consequence of increased ADMA and decreased L-arginine in context of all cumulative metabolic changes in plasma resulted in reduced iNOS supporting activity associated with sepsis. Arginine 59-69 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 147-151 28612866-5 2017 A putative mechanism of retention in the cytoplasm of cells could be the interaction of the complex with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is the enzyme responsible for the catalytic oxidation of l-Arg to citrulline and nitric oxide. Arginine 208-213 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 105-136 28612866-5 2017 A putative mechanism of retention in the cytoplasm of cells could be the interaction of the complex with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is the enzyme responsible for the catalytic oxidation of l-Arg to citrulline and nitric oxide. Arginine 208-213 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 138-142 28617308-2 2017 Diabetes can reduce NO by increasing ROS and by increasing activity of arginase, which competes with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for their commons substrate l-arginine. Arginine 157-167 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 101-122 28797075-1 2017 AIMS: Arginine metabolism via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase 2 (ARG2) is higher in asthmatics than in healthy individuals. Arginine 6-14 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-61 28797075-1 2017 AIMS: Arginine metabolism via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase 2 (ARG2) is higher in asthmatics than in healthy individuals. Arginine 6-14 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-67 28797075-5 2017 RESULTS: Asthmatics with high FENO (>= 35 ppb; 44% of asthmatics) had higher expression of iNOS (P = 0.04) and ARG2 (P = 0.05) in the airway, indicating FENO is a marker of the high arginine metabolic endotype. Arginine 185-193 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 94-98 28455769-3 2017 NO is synthesized from L-arginine by endothelial NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 49-60 28334039-10 2017 CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effects of L-Arg on IL-1beta-mediated NF-kappaB-activation in Caco-2 cells involve L-Arg transport activity by CAT1, regulation of IL-1beta-mediated increases in NF-kappaB expression, changes in iNOS expression and NO production. Arginine 38-43 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 222-226 28374504-1 2017 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyses the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-Arginine, which participates in diverse biological processes including inflammation and apoptosis. Arginine 79-89 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 28315470-7 2017 Bioinformatic analysis identified differentially regulated pathways where NOS2 is known to play an important role including citrulline/arginine metabolism, epithelial cell junctions and oxidative stress. Arginine 135-143 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 74-78 28334039-11 2017 Our data suggest the inhibitory effects of L-Arg on NF-kappaB activation are mediated in part by iNOS since SNP preserves and NNA attenuates the effects of L-Arg on IL-1beta-mediated NF-kappaB-activation and expression. Arginine 43-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-101 28334039-11 2017 Our data suggest the inhibitory effects of L-Arg on NF-kappaB activation are mediated in part by iNOS since SNP preserves and NNA attenuates the effects of L-Arg on IL-1beta-mediated NF-kappaB-activation and expression. Arginine 156-161 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 97-101 27569446-1 2017 Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasoactive substance synthesized from l-arginine by neuronal (NOS1), endothelial (NOS3), and inducible (NOS2) nitric oxide synthases. Arginine 61-71 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 127-131 28334039-2 2017 We hypothesized the anti-inflammatory effects of L-Arg require active transport and metabolism by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) to generate nitric oxide (NO). Arginine 49-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-129 28334039-2 2017 We hypothesized the anti-inflammatory effects of L-Arg require active transport and metabolism by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) to generate nitric oxide (NO). Arginine 49-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 131-135 28140572-2 2017 The guanidine moiety of arginine is involved in the active sites of a variety of enzymes, such as nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and NiFe hydrogenase. Arginine 24-32 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-119 27406711-2 2016 Arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) both use L-arginine as a common substrate. Arginine 50-60 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 13-34 27903582-1 2017 l-Arginine (L-Arg) is the substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to produce nitric oxide (NO), a signaling molecule that is key in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-61 27903582-1 2017 l-Arginine (L-Arg) is the substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to produce nitric oxide (NO), a signaling molecule that is key in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. Arginine 12-17 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-61 27498764-6 2016 We observed a significant decrease in the NOS substrate l-arginine in plasma from CRPS patients, suggesting reduced miR-939 levels may contribute to an increase in endogenous NOS2A levels and NO, and thereby to pain and inflammation. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 175-180 27895230-1 2016 Arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) share a common substrate, l-arginine, and have opposing effects on vascular remodeling. Arginine 67-77 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 13-34 27104830-1 2016 BACKGROUND: L-arginine (L-Arg) is the substrate for both inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS2) and arginase (ARG) enzymes. Arginine 12-22 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 95-99 27104830-1 2016 BACKGROUND: L-arginine (L-Arg) is the substrate for both inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS2) and arginase (ARG) enzymes. Arginine 24-29 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 95-99 27104830-16 2016 CONCLUSIONS: Patients with UC exhibit diminished tissue L-Arg, likely attributable to decreased cellular uptake and increased consumption by NOS2. Arginine 56-61 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 141-145 27246354-2 2016 In breast cancer patients, L-Arg is depleted by nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and arginase 1 (ARG-1) produced by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Arginine 27-32 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 48-71 27246354-2 2016 In breast cancer patients, L-Arg is depleted by nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and arginase 1 (ARG-1) produced by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Arginine 27-32 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 73-77 27083312-2 2016 Asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), formed by the hydrolysis of proteins containing methylated arginine residues, is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which oxidize l-arginine to citruline and nitric oxide (NO), related to hyperinsulinaemia and hyperlipidaemia. Arginine 21-29 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 146-167 27083312-2 2016 Asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), formed by the hydrolysis of proteins containing methylated arginine residues, is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which oxidize l-arginine to citruline and nitric oxide (NO), related to hyperinsulinaemia and hyperlipidaemia. Arginine 189-199 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 146-167 26448477-1 2016 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is a multidomain enzyme that catalyzes the production of nitric oxide (NO) by oxidizing L-Arg to NO and L-citrulline. Arginine 116-121 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 26515034-2 2016 NO is synthesized from arginine in a reaction carried out by NO synthase (NOS) enzymes. Arginine 23-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-72 26055922-4 2015 In the present study, we measured the concentrations of the nitric oxide (NO) metabolites nitrate and nitrite, the endogenous substrates of NO synthase (NOS) L-arginine (Arg) and L-homoarginine (hArg), and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), the endogenous inhibitor of NOS activity, in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with MS, NMO or other neurologic diseases (OND). Arginine 158-168 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 140-151 27464520-2 2016 It is produced from the amino acid L-Arginine and oxygen by the enzymatic action of three isoforms of the Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS), differently expressed and regulated in tissues. Arginine 35-45 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 106-127 26602113-1 2016 Arginine is the substrate for nitric oxide synthases (NOS), thus the production of nitric oxide (NO) is based on arginine availability. Arginine 0-8 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-52 26602113-1 2016 Arginine is the substrate for nitric oxide synthases (NOS), thus the production of nitric oxide (NO) is based on arginine availability. Arginine 113-121 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-52 26497740-1 2015 BACKGROUND: Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) metabolizes L-arginine to produce nitric oxide (NO) which was originally identified in myeloid cells as a host defense mechanism against pathogens. Arginine 63-73 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-43 26497740-1 2015 BACKGROUND: Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) metabolizes L-arginine to produce nitric oxide (NO) which was originally identified in myeloid cells as a host defense mechanism against pathogens. Arginine 63-73 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 45-49 26471966-3 2016 As a free radical, NO is synthesized in all mammalian cells by L-Arg with the activity of NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 63-68 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 90-101 26342955-3 2015 This study investigates whether L-arginine (substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) or endothelin-A receptor antagonist BQ123 administration reverses hypoxia-induced changes in perfusion pressure in the fetal compartment in dual-perfused placental cotyledons. Arginine 32-42 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 58-79 26202060-1 2015 BACKGROUND: Carboxypeptidase-D (CPD) cleaves C-terminal arginine for conversion to nitric oxide (NO) by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 56-64 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 104-125 26407009-2 2015 Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) regulates endothelial NO synthesis by maintaining homeostasis between asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, and arginine, the NOS substrate. Arginine 8-16 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 167-178 25216787-1 2015 Nitric oxide (NO) is a gas with biological and regulatory properties, produced from arginine by the way of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), and with a very short half-life (few seconds). Arginine 84-92 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 107-129 26313940-3 2015 We hypothesized that L-arginine (L-Arg) precursor of NO-synthase (NOS) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an inhibitor of NOS, are present in PF of cardiac patients and their altered levels may contribute to altered cardiac morphology. Arginine 21-31 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-64 26313940-3 2015 We hypothesized that L-arginine (L-Arg) precursor of NO-synthase (NOS) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an inhibitor of NOS, are present in PF of cardiac patients and their altered levels may contribute to altered cardiac morphology. Arginine 33-38 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-64 26247205-5 2015 L-arginine serves as the substrate for NO synthase (NOS), which results in cADPR synthesis via cGMP formation. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 39-50 26451317-8 2015 Blocking transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) significantly abolished the T-MDSC-induced upregulation of COX-2 and EMT scores in NPC cells, whereas the administration of TGFbeta or L-arginine supplements upregulated COX-2 expression and EMT scores in NPC cells. Arginine 228-238 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 54-85 26451317-8 2015 Blocking transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) significantly abolished the T-MDSC-induced upregulation of COX-2 and EMT scores in NPC cells, whereas the administration of TGFbeta or L-arginine supplements upregulated COX-2 expression and EMT scores in NPC cells. Arginine 228-238 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-91 26026257-1 2015 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) mediated conversion of arginine (ARG) to citrulline (CIT) is a key pathway for nitric oxide synthesis. Arginine 63-71 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-33 26026257-1 2015 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) mediated conversion of arginine (ARG) to citrulline (CIT) is a key pathway for nitric oxide synthesis. Arginine 73-76 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-33 24983667-1 2015 OBJECTIVE: Nitric oxide (NO) formed by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS) from L-arginine, is an important mediator for pathogen elimination. Arginine 73-83 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 50-61 25996214-2 2015 NO is produced from l-arginine by constitutive NO synthase (NOS) and inducible NOS enzymatic pathways. Arginine 20-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-58 25444745-2 2015 Nitric oxide (NO) is produced from l-arginine in a reaction catalyzed by three distinct isoforms of NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 35-45 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 100-111 25608846-3 2015 The catalytic performance of iNOS is proposed to rely mainly on the haem midpoint potential and the ability of the substrate L-Arg to provide a hydrogen bond for oxygen activation (O-O scission). Arginine 125-130 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 29-33 25811913-1 2015 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 25692069-14 2015 Our results suggest that arginases can compete with NOS2 for L-arginine during Behcet disease. Arginine 61-71 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-56 25425006-4 2015 NO is synthesized endogenously by the conversion of l-arginine into citrulline through nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 52-62 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-108 25823239-3 2014 NO is generated through the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by the action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and iNOS is highly expressed in asthmatic airways. Arginine 42-52 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-107 25823239-3 2014 NO is generated through the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by the action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and iNOS is highly expressed in asthmatic airways. Arginine 42-52 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 118-122 25653844-1 2014 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a homodimeric heme enzyme that catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO) from dioxygen and L-arginine (L-Arg) in a two-step process. Arginine 148-153 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 25653844-1 2014 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a homodimeric heme enzyme that catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO) from dioxygen and L-arginine (L-Arg) in a two-step process. Arginine 148-153 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 25653844-1 2014 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a homodimeric heme enzyme that catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO) from dioxygen and L-arginine (L-Arg) in a two-step process. Arginine 136-146 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 24442486-9 2014 The upregulation of ARG II was accompanied by a downregulation of eNOS but an induction of iNOS in HCMV-infected endothelial cells. Arginine 20-23 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 91-95 25653844-1 2014 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a homodimeric heme enzyme that catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO) from dioxygen and L-arginine (L-Arg) in a two-step process. Arginine 136-146 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 24858214-1 2014 Nitric oxide (NO) can be generated by two-step reduction pathway in which nitrate is converted first into nitrite and then into NO via several mechanisms, as well as from arginine by endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 171-179 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 194-215 25033468-1 2014 In healthy human subjects, less than 0.2% of l-arginine is converted to l-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO) by NO synthases (NOS), a metabolic pathway present in all cell types. Arginine 45-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 110-122 24967964-10 2014 Through both NO synthesis inhibition (using L-arginine deprivation, arginine is a substrate for NO synthase (NOS), which catalyzes NO synthesis; using L-Name, a NOS inhibitor) and NO donor (using DETA-NONOate) analysis, we show that NO not only positively regulates tumor growth but also inhibits mitochondrial respiration in OVCA cells, shifting these cells towards glycolysis to maintain their ATP production. Arginine 44-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 96-107 24967964-10 2014 Through both NO synthesis inhibition (using L-arginine deprivation, arginine is a substrate for NO synthase (NOS), which catalyzes NO synthesis; using L-Name, a NOS inhibitor) and NO donor (using DETA-NONOate) analysis, we show that NO not only positively regulates tumor growth but also inhibits mitochondrial respiration in OVCA cells, shifting these cells towards glycolysis to maintain their ATP production. Arginine 46-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 96-107 23859953-1 2013 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthetized enzymatically from l-arginine (l-Arg) by three NO synthase isoforms, iNOS, eNOS and nNOS. Arginine 52-62 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 102-106 24102471-6 2014 In addition, abnormal iNOS activity can up-regulate arginase activity, allowing it to compete with eNOS for L-arginine, thereby resulting in reduced NO bioavailability. Arginine 108-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 22-26 24264242-7 2014 Since arginase and iNOS use the L-arginine as substrate, the amount of this amino acid available for both pathways is critical for parasite replication. Arginine 32-42 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 19-23 23740826-3 2014 L-Arg is the precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO); a key signaling molecule via NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-5 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 92-103 25189392-5 2014 The availability of the amino acid L-Arg can be a key factor to control the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and cellular NO levels. Arginine 35-40 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 123-127 24392309-4 2013 Data indicate that the functioning of common molecules with enzymatic activities, such are inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), arginase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) or indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the bioavailability of their substrates (L-arginine, tryptophan, heme) and the cytotoxic and regulatory actions of their small gaseous products (NO, CO) can be the ultimate mechanisms responsible for effector or regulatory reactions. Arginine 244-254 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 91-122 24392309-4 2013 Data indicate that the functioning of common molecules with enzymatic activities, such are inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), arginase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) or indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the bioavailability of their substrates (L-arginine, tryptophan, heme) and the cytotoxic and regulatory actions of their small gaseous products (NO, CO) can be the ultimate mechanisms responsible for effector or regulatory reactions. Arginine 244-254 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 124-128 23859953-1 2013 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthetized enzymatically from l-arginine (l-Arg) by three NO synthase isoforms, iNOS, eNOS and nNOS. Arginine 64-69 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 102-106 24510541-1 2013 Arginine is the substrate for nitric oxide synthases (NOS), and arginine availability regulates the production of nitric oxide. Arginine 0-8 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-52 23774601-6 2013 Treatment with gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), l-arginine, and tetrahydrobiopterin enhanced expression of NOS2 and NOS3 isoforms, as well as NO production. Arginine 45-55 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 104-108 24067187-8 2013 Specifically, the tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)-dependent enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) showed significantly lower activities (citrulline-to-arginine ratio decreased from baseline median 0.21 to 0.14 at 6265 m), indicating lower NO availability resulting in less vasodilatative activity. Arginine 142-150 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-82 23333044-2 2013 We studied safety and efficacy of repeated inhalations of nebulized L-arginine, the substrate for NO synthase (NOS), in patients with CF. Arginine 68-78 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 98-109 23696643-5 2013 PID bound to iNOS heme to generate an irreversible PID-iNOS monomer complex that could not be converted to active dimers by tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) and l-arginine (Arg). Arginine 166-169 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 13-17 23582621-1 2013 OBJECTIVES: Monomethylated L-arginine (L-NMMA) has been proven to be a strong inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and has been used as an exogenous tool in experimental evaluation of cerebrovascular reactivity leading to vasoconstriction. Arginine 27-37 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 91-112 24479328-5 2013 It was shown that the affinity constant of iNOS affinity for L-arginine is 5.4-fold lower than for eNOS of blood lymphocytes of persons in the control group. Arginine 61-71 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 43-47 23830845-9 2013 Excessive arginase activity reduces the l-arginine supply for nitric oxide synthase (NOS), causing it to become uncoupled and produce superoxide and less NO. Arginine 40-50 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 62-83 23696643-5 2013 PID bound to iNOS heme to generate an irreversible PID-iNOS monomer complex that could not be converted to active dimers by tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) and l-arginine (Arg). Arginine 166-169 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 55-59 23423302-1 2013 The extent to which dietary supplementation with the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) substrate, L-arginine (ARG), impacts on NO production and NO-mediated physiological responses is controversial. Arginine 92-102 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-74 23423302-1 2013 The extent to which dietary supplementation with the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) substrate, L-arginine (ARG), impacts on NO production and NO-mediated physiological responses is controversial. Arginine 104-107 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-74 23441062-1 2013 SUMMARY: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is a critical enzyme for the production of the messenger molecule nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. Arginine 126-136 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 9-30 23375628-4 2013 Additionally, Arg1 inhibits nitric oxide-mediated inflammatory pathways by competing with iNOS for the same substrate, l-arginine. Arginine 119-129 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 90-94 23504664-7 2013 Based on the virtual screening and on the results obtained above, the activity may be due to their capacity to reduce the NO synthesis by blocking the bind of L-Arg in the active site of iNOS, the compounds binding the synthase by hydrogen bonds between the NH (2 and/or 4) of thiosemicarbazide fragment (Th-2-8) or N2/N3 from azole cycles and by the thiol function (Th-9-22). Arginine 159-164 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 187-191 24107492-2 2013 L-Arginine, a semi-essential amino acid, is a common substrate for both the arginases and NO synthase (NOS) enzyme families. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 90-101 23438481-2 2013 Micromolar concentration of ADMA and NMMA can compete with arginine for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) reducing nitric oxide (NO) formation, whereas SDMA does not. Arginine 59-67 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 72-93 23710196-4 2013 Newer evidence suggests that a potential explanation for this paradoxical relationship is related to nitric oxide synthase (NOS) uncoupling, which occurs due to an imbalance between L-arginine (NOS substrate) and its endogenous inhibitor, asymmetric di-methyl arginine (ADMA). Arginine 182-192 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 101-122 23263669-1 2012 Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical and a signaling molecule in several pathways, produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) from the conversion of L-arginine to citrulline. Arginine 145-155 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 94-115 23552121-2 2013 L-Arginine and its homolog L-homoarginine are competitive substrates of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), whereas asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a NOS inhibitor. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 72-93 22711313-1 2012 Nitric oxide (NO), a key regulator of cardiovascular function, is synthesized from L-arginine and oxygen by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 83-93 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 119-140 23897115-1 2012 L-arginine is the common substrate for arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-73 22987726-2 2012 NO is synthesized from the amino acid L-arginine by nitric oxide synthases (NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3), which are encoded by separate genes and display different tissue distributions. Arginine 38-48 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 82-86 23011059-4 2012 A small fraction of arginine enters the NO synthase (NOS) pathway. Arginine 20-28 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-51 23011059-9 2012 Reduced arginine availability stemming from reduced de novo production and elevated arginase activity have been reported in various conditions of acute and chronic stress, which are often characterized by increased NOS2 and reduced NOS3 activity. Arginine 8-16 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 215-219 23443113-4 2012 Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule generated from L-arginine during the catalization of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and it plays crucial roles in catalization and in the nervous, cardiovascular and immune systems. Arginine 55-65 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 93-114 22730318-2 2012 Argininosuccinate synthase (AS) is a ubiquitous enzyme in mammals and the key enzyme of the NO-citrulline cycle, because it provides the substrate L-arginine for subsequent NO synthesis by inducible, endothelial, and neuronal NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 147-157 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 226-237 22404633-3 2012 NO is synthesized from l-arginine and oxygen (O(2)) by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-87 22828337-9 2012 The results indicate that bsNOS, like iNOS, has the capacity to generate a pterin radical during Arg oxidation. Arginine 97-100 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 38-42 22522653-4 2012 Furthermore, these cells readily express inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), an enzyme that promotes T-cell tolerance by catabolism of the limiting amino acid arginine. Arginine 163-171 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 41-72 22522653-4 2012 Furthermore, these cells readily express inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), an enzyme that promotes T-cell tolerance by catabolism of the limiting amino acid arginine. Arginine 163-171 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 74-78 22326500-1 2012 AIMS: Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine (L-Arg) by three different isoforms of NO synthase (NOS), i.e. the constitutive neuronal and endothelial NOS (nNOS and eNOS) and the inducible NOS (iNOS). Arginine 56-61 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 188-201 22326500-1 2012 AIMS: Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine (L-Arg) by three different isoforms of NO synthase (NOS), i.e. the constitutive neuronal and endothelial NOS (nNOS and eNOS) and the inducible NOS (iNOS). Arginine 56-61 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 203-207 22316165-3 2012 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes manufacture NO from L-arginine. Arginine 56-66 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 22929836-7 2012 Nitric oxide (NO) synthase which comes in three isoforms, as inducible-, neuronal- and endothelial-NOS, or iNOS, nNOS or eNOS, respectively, catalyzes the conversion of L- arginine to L-citrulline, using NADPH to produce NO. Arginine 169-180 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 107-111 22636782-2 2012 An inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in various mammalian cells produces higher levels of NO from l-arginine upon infections to eliminate pathogens. Arginine 104-114 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 3-34 22636782-2 2012 An inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in various mammalian cells produces higher levels of NO from l-arginine upon infections to eliminate pathogens. Arginine 104-114 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 36-40 22033378-10 2012 More striking is the role played by L-arginine as substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) in macrophages, the main route of clearance of many infectious agents including Leishmania and Trypanosoma cruzi. Arginine 36-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-91 22033378-11 2012 In infected macrophages L-arginine is catalysed by NOS2 or arginase, contributing to host defense or parasite killing, respectively. Arginine 24-34 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 51-55 22814004-1 2012 L-arginine analogues are widely used inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity both in vitro and in vivo, with N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) being at the head. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 51-72 23075551-3 2012 L-Arginine is the main precursor of NO via nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 43-64 22862164-1 2012 Nitric oxide (NO), is endogenously synthesized from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), exhibits a dual role in sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy of cancer cells. Arginine 52-62 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-87 21834532-1 2011 Mammalian nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is a flavo-hemoprotein that catalyzes the oxidation of L-arginine to nitric oxide. Arginine 93-103 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 10-31 21550413-2 2011 NO is produced when L-arginine is converted to L-citrulline by NO synthase (NOS); however, L-arginine is also the substrate for arginase and both enzymes are upregulated in asthma. Arginine 20-30 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-74 21806669-4 2011 It is generated from the amino acid L-arginine via NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 36-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 51-62 22808006-7 2012 These dibasic amino acids share plasma membrane transporters with arginine, the rate-limiting substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS), a critical mediator of cardiovascular health. Arginine 66-74 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 108-129 21923750-3 2011 L-arginine (L-arg) is the substrate for NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-51 21923750-3 2011 L-arginine (L-arg) is the substrate for NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-5 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-51 21958548-1 2011 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) catalyzes the reaction that converts the substrates O(2) and l-arginine to the products nitric oxide (NO) and l-citrulline. Arginine 100-110 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 21958548-1 2011 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) catalyzes the reaction that converts the substrates O(2) and l-arginine to the products nitric oxide (NO) and l-citrulline. Arginine 100-110 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 21921039-1 2011 Nitric-oxide synthases (NOS) are heme-thiolate enzymes that generate nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. Arginine 92-102 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-22 21740530-2 2011 Delivery of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) substrate l-arginine, pharmacological nitric oxide (NO) donors, NO gas or overexpression of NOS proteins can inhibit SMC proliferation and reduce the injury responses within the blood vessel wall. Arginine 54-64 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 16-37 21490695-1 2011 BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) is synthesized by the methylation of arginine as part of the methionine/homocysteine cycle. Arginine 71-79 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-33 21685242-3 2011 Arginase and NO synthase (NOS) utilize the same substrate (l-arginine) and contribute to the fibrotic and inflammatory features of asthma, respectively. Arginine 59-69 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 13-24 21635951-7 2011 Further, NO is synthesized from l-arginine via the action of NO synthase (NOS), while NOS is blocked by endogenous l-arginine analogues such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a naturally occurring amino acid which is found in the plasma and various tissues. Arginine 32-42 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-72 21635951-7 2011 Further, NO is synthesized from l-arginine via the action of NO synthase (NOS), while NOS is blocked by endogenous l-arginine analogues such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a naturally occurring amino acid which is found in the plasma and various tissues. Arginine 115-125 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-72 21439134-2 2011 NO is synthesized from l-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 23-33 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 37-48 21718007-2 2011 The mutation at the FMN domain has previously been shown to modulate the MCD spectra of the l-arginine-bound ferric iNOS heme (Sempombe, J.; et al. Arginine 92-102 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 116-120 21737361-1 2011 Nitric oxide (NO), the endogenous modulator of vascular tone and structure, originates from oxidation of L-arginine catalysed by NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 105-115 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 129-140 21909878-3 2011 L-arginine (2 mM), a substrate for nitric oxide synthases (NOS), decreased COX-2 and PGE(2) levels, while N( G )-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (2 mM), a NOS inhibitor, had no influence on COX-2 and PGE(2) levels but limited tumor cell motility. Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 35-57 21684157-1 2011 Inducible arginine oxidation and subsequent NO production by correspondent synthase (iNOS) are important cellular answers to proinflammatory signals. Arginine 10-18 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 85-89 21712817-1 2011 Nitric oxide (NO) is an unstable signalling molecule synthesized de novo mainly from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS) enzymes. Arginine 85-95 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 99-110 21463677-4 2011 EIF2AK4 (GCN2) is activated by depletion of l-arginine, which is used by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) during the production of NO( ). Arginine 44-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 73-94 21039601-2 2011 In the nitric oxide (NO) synthesis pathway, nitric oxide synthases (encoded by NOS1, NOS2A, and NOS3) and arginases (encoded by ARG1 and ARG2) compete for L-arginine. Arginine 155-165 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 85-90 21419856-5 2011 This increase was only partially prevented by the absence of l-arginine and by the presence of l-N-acetyl-methyl-arginine (L-NAME), strongly suggesting that this response was in part related to the activation of NO-synthase (NOS) enzyme. Arginine 61-71 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 212-223 21419857-4 2011 NO is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) using l-arginine as substrate. Arginine 55-65 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 21-42 21273320-6 2011 L-arginine is the substrate from which nitric oxide synthase (NOS) produces nitric oxide (NO). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 39-60 21293034-12 2011 Increases in abundance of IFNT protein (the pregnancy recognition signal), NOS2, NOS3 and GCH1 for conversion of Arg to nitric oxide, and ODC1 for synthesis of polyamines are all important for growth and development of the ovine conceptus during pregnancy. Arginine 113-116 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 75-79 21623030-1 2011 Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized from the amino acid, L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has received attention as a neurotransmitter in the brain. Arginine 52-62 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-87 21338328-2 2011 It is formed from L-arginine by NOS isoforms (nNOS, iNOS and eNOS). Arginine 18-28 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-56 21308737-3 2011 Arginine uptake is mediated by members of the cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) family and may coincide with induction of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for the production of NO. Arginine 0-8 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 126-147 21460415-1 2011 The competition between arginases and NO synthases (NOS) for their common substrate L-arginine can be important in the airways hyperreactivity. Arginine 84-94 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 38-50 21292446-1 2011 BACKGROUND: L-Arginine (L-Arg) is a conditionally essential amino acid for humans, which is the substrate for both arginase (ARG) and the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzymes. Arginine 12-22 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 179-183 21292446-1 2011 BACKGROUND: L-Arginine (L-Arg) is a conditionally essential amino acid for humans, which is the substrate for both arginase (ARG) and the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzymes. Arginine 12-17 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 179-183 21292446-8 2011 CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of L-Arg-metabolizing enzymes ARG and iNOS in tumor cells of all of the STS cases except DFSP may have a role in mediating the biological processes which characterize STSs. Arginine 31-36 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-70 21625171-3 2011 However, arginine is also the substrate for a series of reactions leading to the synthesis of other AA and is an obligatory substrate for two enzymes with diverging actions, arginases and nitric oxide synthases (NOS), giving origin to urea and NO, respectively. Arginine 9-17 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 188-210 21271567-11 2011 CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that arginase I and II may play a role in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis, and suggest the possible role of the L-arginine metabolic pathway through modulation of L-arginine availability as a substrate for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. Arginine 157-167 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 251-272 21116921-1 2011 L-arginine is a source of nitric oxide (NO) that is cleaved from the terminal guanidino nitrogen atom by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 0-10 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 105-126 21747870-3 2011 Through substrate competition, arginase decreases bioavailability of L-arginine for nitric oxide synthase (NOS), thereby limiting NO production with subsequent effects on airway tone and inflammation. Arginine 69-79 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 84-105 20812283-3 2010 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) represents one of the three isoforms that produce nitric oxide using L-arginine as a substrate in response to an increase in superoxide anion activated by NF-kB. Arginine 108-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 20923854-1 2010 Nitric oxide (NO) is formed from arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 33-41 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 56-77 20941622-3 2011 The three key mechanisms underlying the iNOS-dependent immunoregulation are (a) the modulation of signaling processes by NO, (b) the depletion of arginine, and (c) the alteration of accessory cell functions. Arginine 146-154 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-44 20724562-2 2010 We hypothesized that dietary supplementation with L-arginine, the substrate for NO synthase (NOS), would elicit similar responses. Arginine 50-60 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 80-91 20812283-3 2010 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) represents one of the three isoforms that produce nitric oxide using L-arginine as a substrate in response to an increase in superoxide anion activated by NF-kB. Arginine 108-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 20716762-2 2010 Because the production of nitric oxide (NO) from arginine by the inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) in activated macrophages is essential for host defense against many pathogens, arginine availability is a critical determinant of resistance to infection. Arginine 49-57 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 99-103 20669954-1 2010 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), a homodimeric enzyme with a flavin reductase domain and a P450-type heme-containing oxygenase domain, catalyzes the formation of NO from L-arginine, NADPH, and O(2) in a two-step reaction sequence. Arginine 166-176 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 20716762-2 2010 Because the production of nitric oxide (NO) from arginine by the inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) in activated macrophages is essential for host defense against many pathogens, arginine availability is a critical determinant of resistance to infection. Arginine 184-192 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 99-103 20585552-2 2010 Arginine is also a common substrate for both inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase. Arginine 0-8 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 45-76 20505044-3 2010 Since the cationic amino acid l-arginine (l-Arg) is the substrate for NO production by NO synthases (NOS), we tested whether the transporters that mediate l-Arg import in cardiac muscle cells represent an intervention point in the regulation of NO synthesis. Arginine 30-40 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-99 20505044-3 2010 Since the cationic amino acid l-arginine (l-Arg) is the substrate for NO production by NO synthases (NOS), we tested whether the transporters that mediate l-Arg import in cardiac muscle cells represent an intervention point in the regulation of NO synthesis. Arginine 42-47 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-99 20585552-2 2010 Arginine is also a common substrate for both inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase. Arginine 0-8 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-82 20585552-5 2010 The competition between iNOS and arginase for arginine can thus contribute to the outcome of several parasitic and bacterial infections. Arginine 46-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 24-28 20110129-1 2010 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the NADPH- and O(2)-dependent oxidation of l-arginine (l-Arg) to nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline via an N(G)-hydroxy-l-arginine (NHA) intermediate. Arginine 81-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 19951943-1 2010 Nitric-oxide synthases (NOS) are highly regulated heme-thiolate enzymes that catalyze two oxidation reactions that sequentially convert the substrate L-Arg first to N(omega)-hydroxyl-L-arginine and then to L-citrulline and nitric oxide. Arginine 150-155 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-22 20110129-1 2010 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the NADPH- and O(2)-dependent oxidation of l-arginine (l-Arg) to nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline via an N(G)-hydroxy-l-arginine (NHA) intermediate. Arginine 93-98 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-21 19838638-13 2010 The decrease in FE(NO) after aminoguanidine and subsequent partial reversal by L-arginine in both groups, suggests that Type II NOS contributes to the FE(NO) in both. Arginine 79-89 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 120-131 19409491-1 2009 Synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) can be blocked by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) active site with guanidino-substituted analogues of l-arginine such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Arginine 143-153 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-84 19684035-3 2010 Arginase, an enzyme that competes with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for l-arginine, not only reduces NO formation but also increases superoxide production by NOS. Arginine 71-81 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 39-60 19526276-2 2009 NO is synthesized through the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), which is found in three isoforms classified as neuronal (nNOS), inducible (iNOS), and endothelial (eNOS). Arginine 44-54 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 179-183 19911071-6 2009 It is generated from the amino acid L-arginine via constitutive and inducible isoforms of the enzyme NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 36-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 101-112 19211775-11 2009 After IC50 determination in InteraX and cytotoxicity assays, 182 novel compounds remained as potential arginine-competitive inhibitors of dimeric iNOS. Arginine 103-111 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 146-150 19828096-4 2009 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) represents one of the three isoforms that produce nitric oxide using L-arginine as a substrate in response to an increase in superoxide anion activated by NF-kappaB. Arginine 108-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-31 19828096-4 2009 Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) represents one of the three isoforms that produce nitric oxide using L-arginine as a substrate in response to an increase in superoxide anion activated by NF-kappaB. Arginine 108-118 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-37 18715148-2 2009 NO, a gas, is produced from L-arginine by different isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and serves many normal physiologic purposes, such as promoting vasodilation of blood vessels and mediating communication between nervous system cells. Arginine 28-38 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 64-85 19492277-2 2009 The most important endothelial factor is nitric oxide (NO), which is formed from l-arginine with the help of NO synthase (NOS). Arginine 81-91 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 109-120 19217439-1 2009 Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from arginine and O(2) by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Arginine 38-46 nitric oxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 59-80