PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 32937226-4 2021 UDP-GlcNAc is the end product of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, which is regulated primarily by glucose-6-phosphate-Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT). Hexosamines 37-47 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 171-175 33916835-6 2021 The reduction of protein O-GlcNAcylation was associated with the development of insulin resistance, induced by overfeeding (i.e., defective insulin signaling and reduced mitochondrial activity), which promoted the dysregulation of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) flux, through the AMPK-driven reduction of GFAT1 activation. Hexosamines 235-245 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 316-321 33517899-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) is the first rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), which plays a pivotal role in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Hexosamines 107-117 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 12-57 33897873-3 2021 Yes-associated protein (YAP) is sustained by the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP)-dependent O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation), and glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (GFPT1), the rate-limiting enzyme of the HBP, can be phosphorylated and inhibited by adenylyl cyclase (ADCY)-mediated activation of protein kinase A (PKA). Hexosamines 49-59 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 205-210 33517899-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) is the first rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), which plays a pivotal role in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Hexosamines 107-117 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 59-64 33303629-2 2021 Substrates for cellular glycosylation are synthesized in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, which is controlled by the glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransfera-se (GFAT). Hexosamines 61-71 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 171-175 33278716-4 2020 UDP-GlcNAc is the end product of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, which is regulated primarily by glucose-6-phosphate-Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT). Hexosamines 37-47 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 171-175 30305725-6 2019 We also showed that IL-8 stimulation of colon and lung cancer cells-induced glucose uptake and expressions of glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) and glucosamine fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFAT), a regulator of glucose flux to the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, resulting in enhancement of protein O-GlcNAcylation. Hexosamines 237-247 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 144-193 32019926-0 2020 Loss of GFAT-1 feedback regulation activates the hexosamine pathway that modulates protein homeostasis. Hexosamines 49-59 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 8-14 32019926-1 2020 Glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) is the key enzyme in the hexosamine pathway (HP) that produces uridine 5"-diphospho-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), linking energy metabolism with posttranslational protein glycosylation. Hexosamines 80-90 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 49-53 30635494-12 2019 CONCLUSIONS: GFPT1 encodes a widely expressed protein that controls the flux of glucose into the hexosamine-biosynthesis pathway that produces precursors for glycosylation of proteins. Hexosamines 97-107 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 13-18 30305725-6 2019 We also showed that IL-8 stimulation of colon and lung cancer cells-induced glucose uptake and expressions of glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) and glucosamine fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFAT), a regulator of glucose flux to the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, resulting in enhancement of protein O-GlcNAcylation. Hexosamines 237-247 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 195-199 28336748-5 2017 shows that glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase-1 (GFAT1), the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), is a physiological substrate of AMPK. Hexosamines 102-112 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 11-60 30201609-0 2018 mTORC2 modulates the amplitude and duration of GFAT1 Ser-243 phosphorylation to maintain flux through the hexosamine pathway during starvation. Hexosamines 106-116 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 47-52 30201609-2 2018 Recently, we have shown that mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) modulates the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) by promoting the expression of the key enzyme of the HBP, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 1 (GFAT1). Hexosamines 67-77 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 163-212 30201609-2 2018 Recently, we have shown that mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) modulates the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) by promoting the expression of the key enzyme of the HBP, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 1 (GFAT1). Hexosamines 67-77 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 214-219 29753740-4 2018 Up-regulation of glutamine: fructose 6-phosphate aminotransferase 1 (GFAT1), which belongs to the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) that produces uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) to maintain glycoprotein, was validated by evaluation of mRNA and protein levels. Hexosamines 98-108 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 17-67 29753740-4 2018 Up-regulation of glutamine: fructose 6-phosphate aminotransferase 1 (GFAT1), which belongs to the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) that produces uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) to maintain glycoprotein, was validated by evaluation of mRNA and protein levels. Hexosamines 98-108 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 69-74 28336748-5 2017 shows that glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase-1 (GFAT1), the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), is a physiological substrate of AMPK. Hexosamines 102-112 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 62-67 28423621-4 2017 GFPT1 is the the key rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine signaling pathway and governs TGFbeta1 production. Hexosamines 49-59 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 28319096-4 2017 By modulating the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme, glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), we demonstrate that hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) is involved in those processes. Hexosamines 132-142 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 56-103 28319096-4 2017 By modulating the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme, glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), we demonstrate that hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) is involved in those processes. Hexosamines 132-142 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 105-109 27570073-0 2016 mTORC2 Responds to Glutamine Catabolite Levels to Modulate the Hexosamine Biosynthesis Enzyme GFAT1. Hexosamines 63-73 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 94-99 28008135-3 2017 GFAT1 is the rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) and as such controls the modification of proteins by O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). Hexosamines 41-51 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-5 27570073-4 2016 We elucidate how mTORC2 modulates a glutamine-requiring biosynthetic pathway, the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) via regulation of expression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1), the rate-limiting enzyme of the HBP. Hexosamines 82-92 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 152-201 27570073-4 2016 We elucidate how mTORC2 modulates a glutamine-requiring biosynthetic pathway, the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) via regulation of expression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1), the rate-limiting enzyme of the HBP. Hexosamines 82-92 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 203-208 27509259-2 2016 Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). Hexosamines 100-110 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-50 26887390-0 2016 Hexosamine biosynthesis in keratinocytes: roles of GFAT and GNPDA enzymes in the maintenance of UDP-GlcNAc content and hyaluronan synthesis. Hexosamines 0-10 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 51-55 26887390-6 2016 However, when hexosamine biosynthesis was blocked by GFAT1 siRNA, the effect by GNPDAs was reversed, now catalyzing Fru6P towards GlcN6P, likely in an attempt to maintain UDP-GlcNAc content. Hexosamines 14-24 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 53-58 27509259-2 2016 Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1) is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). Hexosamines 100-110 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 52-57 23767808-1 2013 Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), also termed GFPT1 and GFAT1, catalyzes the first committed step of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway in mammals and consequently plays an important role in type 2 diabetes. Hexosamines 128-138 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-48 26501342-1 2015 Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) is the first enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Hexosamines 81-91 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-45 26501342-1 2015 Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) is the first enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Hexosamines 81-91 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 47-52 24075873-1 2014 The enzyme glucosamine-6P Synthase (Gfat, L-glutamine:D-fructose-6P amidotransferase) is involved in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and catalyzes the formation of glucosamine-6P from the substrates d-fructose-6-phosphate and l-glutamine. Hexosamines 105-115 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 36-40 23569079-2 2013 Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway providing building blocks for the glycosylation of proteins and lipids. Hexosamines 91-101 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-45 23569079-2 2013 Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway providing building blocks for the glycosylation of proteins and lipids. Hexosamines 91-101 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 47-52 23767808-1 2013 Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), also termed GFPT1 and GFAT1, catalyzes the first committed step of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway in mammals and consequently plays an important role in type 2 diabetes. Hexosamines 128-138 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 50-54 23767808-1 2013 Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), also termed GFPT1 and GFAT1, catalyzes the first committed step of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway in mammals and consequently plays an important role in type 2 diabetes. Hexosamines 128-138 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 69-74 23767808-1 2013 Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), also termed GFPT1 and GFAT1, catalyzes the first committed step of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway in mammals and consequently plays an important role in type 2 diabetes. Hexosamines 128-138 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 79-84 21374590-2 2012 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase-1 (GFAT-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), which generates the sugar nucleotide UDP-GlcNAc, where this nucleotide acts as the donor for O-GlcNAc modification. Hexosamines 94-104 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-49 22987706-6 2012 CONCLUSIONS: GFPT1 is the key enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, and mutations in GFPT1 cause defective glycosylation in the proteins of the neuromuscular junction. Hexosamines 44-54 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 13-18 22987706-6 2012 CONCLUSIONS: GFPT1 is the key enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, and mutations in GFPT1 cause defective glycosylation in the proteins of the neuromuscular junction. Hexosamines 44-54 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 94-99 21374590-2 2012 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase-1 (GFAT-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), which generates the sugar nucleotide UDP-GlcNAc, where this nucleotide acts as the donor for O-GlcNAc modification. Hexosamines 94-104 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 51-57 15613432-1 2005 Increases in glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFAT) protein levels directly activate flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Hexosamines 118-128 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 13-60 21697645-3 2011 Glucosamine enters the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) downstream of the rate-limiting step catalyzed by the GFAT (glutamine:fluctose- 6-phosphate amidotransferase), providing UDPGlcNAc substrates for O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) protein modification. Hexosamines 23-33 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 115-119 21697645-3 2011 Glucosamine enters the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) downstream of the rate-limiting step catalyzed by the GFAT (glutamine:fluctose- 6-phosphate amidotransferase), providing UDPGlcNAc substrates for O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) protein modification. Hexosamines 23-33 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 121-169 19903862-6 2010 Inhibition of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine flux, with 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine (10 muM) and of mTOR with rapamycin both attenuated glucose-mediated MC proliferation. Hexosamines 99-109 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 14-61 19903862-6 2010 Inhibition of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine flux, with 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine (10 muM) and of mTOR with rapamycin both attenuated glucose-mediated MC proliferation. Hexosamines 99-109 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 63-67 17941647-1 2007 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (Gfat) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Hexosamines 105-115 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-47 17941647-1 2007 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (Gfat) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Hexosamines 105-115 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 49-53 17941647-2 2007 The increasing amount of evidence that links excess hexosamine biosynthesis with pathogenic complications of type II diabetes highlights the need to understand the regulation of Gfat. Hexosamines 52-62 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 178-182 17574229-1 2007 OBJECTIVE: : Cell culture and animal model studies have strongly suggested a role for the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine biosynthesis, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) in insulin resistance. Hexosamines 115-125 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 140-187 17574229-1 2007 OBJECTIVE: : Cell culture and animal model studies have strongly suggested a role for the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine biosynthesis, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) in insulin resistance. Hexosamines 115-125 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 189-193 17178709-6 2007 Specific inhibitors of glutamine: fructose 6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), an enzyme controlling the hexosamine pathway, as well as direct inhibitors of protein glycosylation efficiently inhibited TSP-1 transcription and the activity of a TSP-1 promoter-reporter construct stimulated by high glucose. Hexosamines 106-116 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 73-77 17024311-1 2006 Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFPT1) acts as a rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, which is an alternative branch of glucose metabolism. Hexosamines 97-107 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-50 17024311-1 2006 Glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFPT1) acts as a rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, which is an alternative branch of glucose metabolism. Hexosamines 97-107 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 52-57 16220784-1 2005 AIM: To set up an IR-HIRc cell model for screening the inhibitor of GFAT (glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase) , the key enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). Hexosamines 148-158 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 68-72 15613432-1 2005 Increases in glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFAT) protein levels directly activate flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Hexosamines 118-128 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 62-66 11916938-4 2002 Overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for flux through the hexosamine pathway, led to a 2.2-fold increase in NF-kappaB enhancer activity; the combination of GFAT overexpression and high glucose increased activity 2.8-fold, and these increases were prevented by 40 micromol/l O-diazoacetyl-L-serine (azaserine) or 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine. Hexosamines 120-130 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 18-65 12802498-1 2003 AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Increased flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway with glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFAT) as a rate-limiting enzyme has been linked to the enhanced bioactivity of the prosclerotic cytokine TGF-beta1, a key mediator in the development of diabetic nephropathy and possibly other diabetic angiopathies. Hexosamines 44-54 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 130-134 12802498-8 2003 CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: The data indicate that the hexosamine pathway-mediated induction of TGF-beta1 synthesis in mesangial cells is dependent on GFAT enzyme activity. Hexosamines 54-64 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 150-154 12606504-0 2003 Palmitate-induced activation of the hexosamine pathway in human myotubes: increased expression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase. Hexosamines 36-46 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 98-145 14988277-1 2004 Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFAT) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine pathway that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Hexosamines 88-98 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-45 14988277-1 2004 Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFAT) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine pathway that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Hexosamines 88-98 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 47-51 14764791-2 2004 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFPT), the rate limiting enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis, is encoded by the unlinked but highly homologous genes GFPT1 and GFPT2. Hexosamines 84-94 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-47 14764791-2 2004 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFPT), the rate limiting enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis, is encoded by the unlinked but highly homologous genes GFPT1 and GFPT2. Hexosamines 84-94 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 49-53 14764791-2 2004 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFPT), the rate limiting enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis, is encoded by the unlinked but highly homologous genes GFPT1 and GFPT2. Hexosamines 84-94 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 164-169 12679868-7 2003 The activation of the p38-MAPK was dependent on protein kinase-C. METHODS: The products of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway were increased by the addition of glucosamine or by the overexpression of the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine pathway, glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT). Hexosamines 95-105 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 303-307 12679868-9 2003 UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine, one of the major hexosamine end-products, was increased in normal (7 mmol/l) and high (25 mmol/l) glucose conditions in GFAT-transfected cells compared to control transfected cells by twofold and 1.7-fold respectively ( p</=0.04) and this was accompanied by a 1.6- and 2.3-fold increase ( p</=0.02) in TGFbeta1 mRNA expression. Hexosamines 42-52 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 145-149 12679868-11 2003 CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: Overexpression of GFAT increases hexosamine accumulation which mediates TGFbeta1 expression via a protein kinase-C and p38-MAPK dependent mechanism. Hexosamines 60-70 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 45-49 11842094-1 2002 Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) catalyzes the first committed step in the pathway for biosynthesis of hexosamines in mammals. Hexosamines 125-136 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-47 11842094-1 2002 Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) catalyzes the first committed step in the pathway for biosynthesis of hexosamines in mammals. Hexosamines 125-136 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 49-53 11916938-4 2002 Overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for flux through the hexosamine pathway, led to a 2.2-fold increase in NF-kappaB enhancer activity; the combination of GFAT overexpression and high glucose increased activity 2.8-fold, and these increases were prevented by 40 micromol/l O-diazoacetyl-L-serine (azaserine) or 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine. Hexosamines 120-130 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 67-71 11916938-4 2002 Overexpression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for flux through the hexosamine pathway, led to a 2.2-fold increase in NF-kappaB enhancer activity; the combination of GFAT overexpression and high glucose increased activity 2.8-fold, and these increases were prevented by 40 micromol/l O-diazoacetyl-L-serine (azaserine) or 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine. Hexosamines 120-130 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 218-222 11163803-1 2001 Increased flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway with glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate-amidotransferase (GFAT) as rate-limiting enzyme has been linked to the enhanced bioactivity of the prosclerotic cytokine transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) in fibrotic complications, particularly in diabetic kidney disease. Hexosamines 27-37 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 64-111 11930630-10 2001 The activity of glutamine: fructose-6-P aminotransferase (GFAT), the key enzyme of hexosamine pathway, was measured by spetrophotometry method. Hexosamines 83-93 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 16-56 11930630-10 2001 The activity of glutamine: fructose-6-P aminotransferase (GFAT), the key enzyme of hexosamine pathway, was measured by spetrophotometry method. Hexosamines 83-93 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 58-62 11679416-1 2001 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase(GFAT) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine synthesis pathway. Hexosamines 89-99 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 48-52 11872372-3 2002 The hexosamine hypothesis for glucose sensing has been validated by overexpressing the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine synthesis, glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA) in several tissues including muscle, liver, fat, and beta cells. Hexosamines 4-14 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 184-187 11872372-3 2002 The hexosamine hypothesis for glucose sensing has been validated by overexpressing the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine synthesis, glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA) in several tissues including muscle, liver, fat, and beta cells. Hexosamines 112-122 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 184-187 11399656-1 2001 Expression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for glucose entry into the hexosamine pathway, is transcriptionally regulated. Hexosamines 122-132 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 14-61 11399656-1 2001 Expression of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for glucose entry into the hexosamine pathway, is transcriptionally regulated. Hexosamines 122-132 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 63-67 11163803-1 2001 Increased flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway with glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate-amidotransferase (GFAT) as rate-limiting enzyme has been linked to the enhanced bioactivity of the prosclerotic cytokine transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) in fibrotic complications, particularly in diabetic kidney disease. Hexosamines 27-37 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 113-117 11587069-1 2001 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, which plays an important role in hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance. Hexosamines 91-101 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 49-54 9836513-1 1998 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA) is the rate-limiting enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis, an important pathway for cellular glucose sensing. Hexosamines 85-95 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-47 10997685-13 2000 Current data indicate that the flux through the hexosamine pathway, regulated by GFAT, may be causally involved in the development of diabetic vascular disease, particularly diabetic nephropathy. Hexosamines 48-58 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 81-85 10997922-1 2000 Effects of hyperglycemia on glomerular cells may be mediated by glucose entry into the hexosamine pathway, and mesangial cell (MC) expression of the hexosamine pathway rate-limiting enzyme glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) is increased in diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Hexosamines 149-159 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 189-236 10997922-1 2000 Effects of hyperglycemia on glomerular cells may be mediated by glucose entry into the hexosamine pathway, and mesangial cell (MC) expression of the hexosamine pathway rate-limiting enzyme glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) is increased in diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Hexosamines 149-159 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 238-242 10997922-6 2000 Glucosamine, which is downstream of GFAT in the hexosamine pathway, produced a 2.5-fold increase in the PAI-1 promoter activity. Hexosamines 48-58 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 36-40 10806197-8 2000 The activity of GFAT is down-regulated by cAMP, thus placing regulation on the hexosamine pathway that is in concert with the energy requirements of the organism. Hexosamines 79-89 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 16-20 9836513-1 1998 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA) is the rate-limiting enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis, an important pathway for cellular glucose sensing. Hexosamines 85-95 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 49-52 9519709-2 1998 Because glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the formation of hexosamine products, this enzyme is the key regulator in this pathway and is therefore possibly also involved in the alterations occurring in preclinical or manifest diabetic patients. Hexosamines 126-136 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 8-55 9519709-2 1998 Because glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the formation of hexosamine products, this enzyme is the key regulator in this pathway and is therefore possibly also involved in the alterations occurring in preclinical or manifest diabetic patients. Hexosamines 126-136 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 57-61 7607664-1 1995 It has been previously shown that some toxic effects of high concentrations of glucose are mediated by the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway and its rate-limiting enzyme glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA). Hexosamines 107-117 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 168-215 8636435-1 1996 We examined the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine biosynthesis, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA) in human skeletal muscle cultures (HSMC), from 17 nondiabetic control and 13 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Hexosamines 57-67 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 82-129 8636435-1 1996 We examined the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine biosynthesis, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA) in human skeletal muscle cultures (HSMC), from 17 nondiabetic control and 13 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Hexosamines 57-67 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 131-134 9421478-4 1998 Therefore, we suggested that the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (the key enzyme of which is glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase [GFAT]) contributes to the high glucose-induced TGF-beta1 production. Hexosamines 33-43 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 93-140 9421478-4 1998 Therefore, we suggested that the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (the key enzyme of which is glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase [GFAT]) contributes to the high glucose-induced TGF-beta1 production. Hexosamines 33-43 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 142-146 9421478-6 1998 Overall, our study indicates that the flux of glucose metabolism through the GFAT catalyzed hexosamine biosynthetic pathway is involved in the glucose-induced mesangial production of TGF-beta leading to increased matrix production. Hexosamines 92-102 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 77-81 8593934-11 1996 Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with an increase in skeletal muscle GFA activity, suggesting that increased activity of the hexosamine pathway may contribute to glucose toxicity and insulin resistance in humans. Hexosamines 128-138 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 72-75 7789306-3 1995 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) is the rate-limiting enzyme controlling the synthesis of the hexosamines used in these biosynthetic pathways. Hexosamines 116-127 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 0-47 7789306-3 1995 Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) is the rate-limiting enzyme controlling the synthesis of the hexosamines used in these biosynthetic pathways. Hexosamines 116-127 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 49-53 7789306-4 1995 We tested the idea that growth factors might activate the transcription of the GFAT gene to increase the cellular content of this rate-limiting enzyme in hexosamine synthesis. Hexosamines 154-164 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 79-83 7607664-1 1995 It has been previously shown that some toxic effects of high concentrations of glucose are mediated by the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway and its rate-limiting enzyme glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA). Hexosamines 107-117 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 217-220 1577807-3 1992 Moreover, we found that loss of GFAT activity is not due to a direct action of insulin but rather is mediated by enhanced glucose uptake and the subsequent routing of glucose through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway. Hexosamines 187-197 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 32-36 7883119-2 1995 We have stably overexpressed the cDNA for human glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA), the rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, in rat-1 fibroblasts. Hexosamines 135-145 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 48-95 7883119-2 1995 We have stably overexpressed the cDNA for human glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA), the rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, in rat-1 fibroblasts. Hexosamines 135-145 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 97-100 34951587-2 2021 Previously, we demonstrated that PDA cells enhance glycosylation precursor biogenesis through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) via activation of the rate limiting enzyme, glutamine-fructose 6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1). Hexosamines 98-108 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 180-229 2002019-4 1991 First, we assessed whether glucose-induced desensitization of the GTS could be prevented by glutamine analogs that irreversibly inactivate glutamine-requiring enzymes, such as glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) the first and the rate-limiting enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis. Hexosamines 273-283 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 176-223 34951587-2 2021 Previously, we demonstrated that PDA cells enhance glycosylation precursor biogenesis through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) via activation of the rate limiting enzyme, glutamine-fructose 6-phosphate amidotransferase 1 (GFAT1). Hexosamines 98-108 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 231-236 34291417-6 2021 Subsequently, we demonstrated that FOXA2 is a direct transcriptional activator of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) rate-limiting enzyme GFPT1. Hexosamines 86-96 glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 Homo sapiens 145-150