PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 18601368-0 2008 Theoretical simulations of the tip-induced configuration changes of the 4,4(")-diacetyl-p-terphenyl molecule chemisorbed on Si(001). Silicon 124-126 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 31-34 21825801-0 2008 Theoretical modelling of tip effects in the pushing manipulation of C(60) on the Si(001) surface. Silicon 81-83 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 25-28 18311980-1 2008 The rearrangements of (chlorosilyl)disilenes R2(Cl)Si-(Tip)Si=SiTip2 (5a,b: Tip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2, a: R = Me, b: R = Ph) quantitatively yield the isomeric chlorocyclotrisilanes (6a,b). Silicon 51-53 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 55-58 18311980-1 2008 The rearrangements of (chlorosilyl)disilenes R2(Cl)Si-(Tip)Si=SiTip2 (5a,b: Tip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2, a: R = Me, b: R = Ph) quantitatively yield the isomeric chlorocyclotrisilanes (6a,b). Silicon 51-53 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 64-67 18311980-1 2008 The rearrangements of (chlorosilyl)disilenes R2(Cl)Si-(Tip)Si=SiTip2 (5a,b: Tip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2, a: R = Me, b: R = Ph) quantitatively yield the isomeric chlorocyclotrisilanes (6a,b). Silicon 59-61 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 55-58 18311980-1 2008 The rearrangements of (chlorosilyl)disilenes R2(Cl)Si-(Tip)Si=SiTip2 (5a,b: Tip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2, a: R = Me, b: R = Ph) quantitatively yield the isomeric chlorocyclotrisilanes (6a,b). Silicon 59-61 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 64-67 18311980-2 2008 The disilene precursors 5a,b are, in turn, accessible from the reactions of the disilenide Tip2Si=Si(Tip)Li (1), that is, a disila analogue to vinyl anions, with dichlorosilanes R2SiCl2. Silicon 95-97 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 91-94 18304075-1 2008 Tip-enhanced Raman imaging of strained silicon reveals the property of nanoscale stress imposed on the lattice. Silicon 39-46 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 0-3 17358551-2 2007 The topographic signal during the manipulation combined with force spectroscopy measurements reveals that these manipulations can be ascribed to the so-called pulling mode, and that the Si adatoms were manipulated in the attractive tip-surface interaction regime at the relatively low short-range force value associated to the manipulation set point. Silicon 186-188 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 232-235 15783664-5 2005 Comparison with the experimental topography and spectra of the Si111-(7 x 7) surface shows a much better agreement with Si than with W tips, implying that the metallic tip is terminated by silicon. Silicon 63-65 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 135-138 17578111-2 2007 Within the working distance in the dynamic force mode AFM, the thiol showed strong interactions bridging between a gold-coated probe tip and a gold-coated Si substrate, resulting in unstable amplitude and noisy AFM images. Silicon 155-157 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 133-136 17578112-5 2007 The discrepancy is attributed to the thermal contact resistance at the end of the silicon probe tip, on the order of 10(7)K/W, which modulates heat flow between the tip and sample and governs the fundamental limits of this technique. Silicon 82-89 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 96-99 17578112-5 2007 The discrepancy is attributed to the thermal contact resistance at the end of the silicon probe tip, on the order of 10(7)K/W, which modulates heat flow between the tip and sample and governs the fundamental limits of this technique. Silicon 82-89 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 165-168 17020365-3 2006 The scattering of laser radiation (633 or 532 nm) is modulated by the oscillating nanosphere-functionalized silicon tip, and the scattered radiation is detected. Silicon 108-115 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 116-119 17020365-4 2006 The approach curve (scattering intensity as a function of the tip-sample distance), the polarization dependence (scattering intensity as a function of the excitation polarization direction), and ANSOM image contrast confirm that the spherical nanosphere attached to the silicon tip acts as a point dipole that interacts with the sample surface via a dipole-dipole coupling, in which the dipole created by the field at the tip interacts with its own image dipole in the sample. Silicon 270-277 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 62-65 17020365-4 2006 The approach curve (scattering intensity as a function of the tip-sample distance), the polarization dependence (scattering intensity as a function of the excitation polarization direction), and ANSOM image contrast confirm that the spherical nanosphere attached to the silicon tip acts as a point dipole that interacts with the sample surface via a dipole-dipole coupling, in which the dipole created by the field at the tip interacts with its own image dipole in the sample. Silicon 270-277 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 278-281 17020365-4 2006 The approach curve (scattering intensity as a function of the tip-sample distance), the polarization dependence (scattering intensity as a function of the excitation polarization direction), and ANSOM image contrast confirm that the spherical nanosphere attached to the silicon tip acts as a point dipole that interacts with the sample surface via a dipole-dipole coupling, in which the dipole created by the field at the tip interacts with its own image dipole in the sample. Silicon 270-277 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 278-281 19516436-1 2006 We present theoretical and experimental results on switching and tuning of a two-dimensional photonic crystal resonant microcavity by means of a silicon AFM tip, probing the highly localized optical field in the vicinity of the cavity. Silicon 145-152 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 157-160 15783664-5 2005 Comparison with the experimental topography and spectra of the Si111-(7 x 7) surface shows a much better agreement with Si than with W tips, implying that the metallic tip is terminated by silicon. Silicon 189-196 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 135-138 15590139-6 2005 Also, it was observed that wear of the amorphous layer, formed at the end of the tip, occurred at the initial stage of the silicon tip damage process. Silicon 123-130 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 81-84 15525147-1 2004 We demonstrate unambiguously that the field enhancement near the apex of a laser-illuminated silicon tip decays according to a power law that is moderated by a single parameter characterizing the tip sharpness. Silicon 93-100 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 101-104 15590139-8 2005 As for the wear characteristics of the silicon tip, it was shown that wear occurred gradually under light normal load and the wear rate decreased with increase in the sliding distance. Silicon 39-46 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 47-50 15590139-9 2005 As for the wear mechanism of the silicon tip, oxidation wear was identified to be the most significant. Silicon 33-40 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 41-44 15590139-10 2005 It was shown that the degree of oxidation was higher under high normal load and in a nitrogen environment, oxidation of the silicon tip was reduced. Silicon 124-131 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 132-135 12211482-6 2002 Changing contrast was observed as silicon islands oxidized in atmosphere, showing that the imaging technique can detect change in lateral tip mobility due to changes occurring near the surface. Silicon 34-41 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 138-141 9499589-3 1998 Two-dimensional protein arrays of ferritin and catalase, prepared at air/water interface and transferred onto silicon wafer, could be imaged both in air and in water by AFM using this sharp EBD-tip in contact mode. Silicon 110-117 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 194-197 35121527-6 2022 The successful cleaning method consists of milling a silicon ridge by means of a focused ion beam, and then using this ridge to effectively scrape the deposits off the tip surface in a controlled and complete manner. Silicon 53-60 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 168-171 35502469-4 2022 (thf)2, Tip = 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl) with GeCl2 NHC (NHC = 2,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazolylidene) initially yields the product with exohedral germanium(II) functionality, which then inserts into an Si-Si bond of the Si6 scaffold. Silicon 198-200 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 8-11 35502469-4 2022 (thf)2, Tip = 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl) with GeCl2 NHC (NHC = 2,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazolylidene) initially yields the product with exohedral germanium(II) functionality, which then inserts into an Si-Si bond of the Si6 scaffold. Silicon 201-203 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 8-11 17816889-1 1993 Grooves a few nanometers wide can be formed on a Si(111) surface with a scanning tunneling microscope when the tip is above a critical voltage. Silicon 49-51 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 111-114 15884880-1 2005 We report the atomic manipulation properties of two distinct, stable, and reproducible states of a scanning tunneling microscope tip applied to chlorobenzene/Si(111)-(7x7). Silicon 158-160 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 129-132 34111848-0 2021 Tip-Induced beta-Hydrogen Dissociation in an Alkyl Group Bound on Si(001). Silicon 66-68 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 0-3 32802717-0 2020 Revealing the local crystallinity of single silicon core-shell nanowires using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Silicon 44-51 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 79-82 19746035-2 1988 A simple fabrication technique by direct deposition of silicon onto the fiber tip, a wide range of operating wavelengths from 1500 nm down to 800 nm, and the applicability for temperature sensing well above 400 degrees C are the most prominent features of the silicon etalon sensor. Silicon 55-62 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 78-81 32802717-6 2020 Our work demonstrates the significant potential of resolving local structural properties of Si nanomaterials at the sub-10 nanometer scale using tip-enhanced Raman techniques. Silicon 92-94 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 145-148 27694699-3 2016 Explanations for the severely reduced indentation modulus of the tip included the inadequacies of the models used for calculations of the tip-sample contact stiffness, discrepancies in the actual and ideal shape of the tip, presence of the amorphous silicon phase within the silicon tip, as well as negligence of the actual size of the stress field created in the tip during elastic interactions. Silicon 250-257 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 65-68 28387780-3 2017 Bridged tetrasiladienes Tip2Si[double bond, length as m-dash]Si(Tip)-LU-Si(Tip)[double bond, length as m-dash]SiTip2 with more extended linking units surprisingly exhibit fluorescence at room temperature, albeit weak. Silicon 28-30 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 24-27 28387780-3 2017 Bridged tetrasiladienes Tip2Si[double bond, length as m-dash]Si(Tip)-LU-Si(Tip)[double bond, length as m-dash]SiTip2 with more extended linking units surprisingly exhibit fluorescence at room temperature, albeit weak. Silicon 28-30 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 64-67 28387780-3 2017 Bridged tetrasiladienes Tip2Si[double bond, length as m-dash]Si(Tip)-LU-Si(Tip)[double bond, length as m-dash]SiTip2 with more extended linking units surprisingly exhibit fluorescence at room temperature, albeit weak. Silicon 61-63 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 24-27 28387780-3 2017 Bridged tetrasiladienes Tip2Si[double bond, length as m-dash]Si(Tip)-LU-Si(Tip)[double bond, length as m-dash]SiTip2 with more extended linking units surprisingly exhibit fluorescence at room temperature, albeit weak. Silicon 61-63 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 64-67 28428990-1 2017 We present experimental and theoretical results on controlling nanoscale sliding friction and adhesion by electric fields on model contacts realized by bringing a conductive atomic force microscope tip into contact with the surface of a silicon-oxide/silicon wafer. Silicon 237-244 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 198-201 28428990-9 2017 This interaction decreases very slowly with the distance between tip and silicon surface, i.e. oxide thickness, and can be attractive or repulsive depending on voltage polarity. Silicon 73-80 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 65-68 31995540-0 2020 Superlubricity between silicon tip and graphite enabled by the nanolithography assisted nanoflakes trio-transfer. Silicon 23-30 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 31-34 31995540-2 2020 In this paper, an efficient method of achieving superlubricity between cone-shaped silicon tip and graphite was proposed. Silicon 83-90 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 91-94 31995540-3 2020 Graphite nanoflakes were transferred onto the silicon tip by repeatedly rubbing against the scratches produced by nanolithography on graphite surface. Silicon 46-53 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 54-57 31995540-6 2020 It was firstly found that the transferred graphite nanoflakes on the contact zone of the silicon tip could be transformed into amorphous carbon layers induced by the shear force and high pressure during the superlubricity tests process. Silicon 89-96 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 97-100 29648434-0 2018 Tip-Enhanced Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Ionization on Vertical Silicon Nanowires. Silicon 71-78 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 0-3 29648434-2 2018 Herein, the enhanced photoinduced electron transfer and LDI on the tip of a vertical silicon nanowire (SiNW) array were investigated. Silicon 85-92 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 67-70 28719182-5 2017 The functionalized tip was used to characterize silicon dangling bonds on the hydrogen-silicon surface, which was shown to enhance the scanning tunneling microscope contrast, and allowed NC-AFM imaging with atomic and chemical bond contrasts. Silicon 48-55 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 19-22 28719182-5 2017 The functionalized tip was used to characterize silicon dangling bonds on the hydrogen-silicon surface, which was shown to enhance the scanning tunneling microscope contrast, and allowed NC-AFM imaging with atomic and chemical bond contrasts. Silicon 87-94 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 19-22 28194036-6 2017 However, on decreasing the tip-sample distance, features consistent with the silicon covalent bonds of the surface emerge. Silicon 77-84 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 27-30 27694699-3 2016 Explanations for the severely reduced indentation modulus of the tip included the inadequacies of the models used for calculations of the tip-sample contact stiffness, discrepancies in the actual and ideal shape of the tip, presence of the amorphous silicon phase within the silicon tip, as well as negligence of the actual size of the stress field created in the tip during elastic interactions. Silicon 275-282 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 65-68 27694699-4 2016 To clarify these issues, we investigated the influence of the mechanical load applied to four AFM silicon tips on their crystalline state by exposing them to systematically increasing loads, evaluating the character of the tip-sample interactions via the load-unload stiffness curves, and assessing the state of the tips from HR-TEM images. Silicon 98-105 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 106-109 26922886-1 2016 A single Au nanoparticle (NP) with a diameter of 5 nm was transferred to the end of a Si-tip through a picking process, and an Ag shell with a controlled thickness was formed on the Au core. Silicon 86-88 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 89-92 23942333-7 2013 We confirm this counterintuitive tip behavior experimentally even on a hard surface like silicon. Silicon 89-96 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 33-36 26940260-0 2016 Dislocation-free Ge Nano-crystals via Pattern Independent Selective Ge Heteroepitaxy on Si Nano-Tip Wafers. Silicon 88-90 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 96-99 26940260-2 2016 The Si-tip wafers feature a rectangular array of nanometer sized Si tips with (001) facet exposed among a SiO2 matrix. Silicon 4-6 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 7-10 27006774-1 2016 Fracture and breakage of single crystals, particularly of silicon wafers, are multi-scale problems: the crack tip starts propagating on an atomic scale with the breaking of chemical bonds, forms crack fronts through the crystal on the micrometre scale and ends macroscopically in catastrophic wafer shattering. Silicon 58-65 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 110-113 25940994-0 2015 Force-Driven Single-Atom Manipulation on a Low-Reactive Si Surface for Tip Sharpening. Silicon 13-15 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 71-74 24160617-1 2013 A reversible structural transition is observed on Si(553)-Au by scanning tunneling microscopy, triggered by electrons injected from the tip into the surface. Silicon 50-52 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 136-139 24072021-0 2013 Tip-enhanced Raman imaging and nano spectroscopy of etched silicon nanowires. Silicon 59-66 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 0-3 24072021-1 2013 Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is used to investigate the influence of strains in isolated and overlapping silicon nanowires prepared by chemical etching of a (100) silicon wafer. Silicon 115-122 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 0-3 24072021-1 2013 Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is used to investigate the influence of strains in isolated and overlapping silicon nanowires prepared by chemical etching of a (100) silicon wafer. Silicon 173-180 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 0-3 26584676-2 2015 Here, we use a diamond-nanocrystal-hosted nitrogen-vacancy centre attached to the apex of a silicon thermal tip as a local temperature sensor. Silicon 92-99 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 108-111 26364882-4 2015 During the process, local water-like droplets deposition can be obviously observed in the confinement between the Si/SiO2 surfaces and the KOH-modified tungsten tip. Silicon 114-116 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 161-164 23578966-3 2013 Here we will use simulations of the laser absorption on a silicon tip to find the optimal position of the laser spot in order to maximize the mass resolution achieved during the experiments. Silicon 58-65 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 66-69 22889045-3 2012 An ordinary silicon tip was used as a nano-hammer, and the entire hammering process is controlled by a computer program. Silicon 12-19 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 20-23 23906095-1 2013 The effect of tip chemical reactivity on the lateral manipulation of intrinsic Si adatoms toward a vacancy site on a Si(111)-(7 x 7) surface has been investigated by noncontact atomic force microscopy at room temperature. Silicon 79-81 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 14-17 23906095-4 2013 Our results demonstrate that the ability to manipulate Si adatoms depends extremely on the chemical nature of the tip apex and is correlated with the maximal attractive force measured over Si adatoms. Silicon 55-57 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 114-117 23906095-4 2013 Our results demonstrate that the ability to manipulate Si adatoms depends extremely on the chemical nature of the tip apex and is correlated with the maximal attractive force measured over Si adatoms. Silicon 189-191 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 114-117 23906095-6 2013 The results of these calculations suggest that the ability to reduce the energy barrier associated with the Si adatom movement depends profoundly on tip chemical reactivity and that the level of energy barrier reduction is higher with tips that exhibit high chemical reactivity with Si adatoms. Silicon 108-110 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 149-152 23906095-6 2013 The results of these calculations suggest that the ability to reduce the energy barrier associated with the Si adatom movement depends profoundly on tip chemical reactivity and that the level of energy barrier reduction is higher with tips that exhibit high chemical reactivity with Si adatoms. Silicon 283-285 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 149-152 26596302-0 2011 Electron Transport Suppression from Tip-pi State Interaction on Si(100)-2 x 1 Surfaces. Silicon 64-66 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 36-39 22128984-6 2011 We demonstrate that in non-contact (NC)-AFM measurement, a W-coated Si tip can clearly resolve the atomic structures of a Ge(001) surface without any artifacts, indicating that, as a force sensor, the fabricated W-coated Si tip is superior to a bare Si tip. Silicon 68-70 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 71-74 22128984-6 2011 We demonstrate that in non-contact (NC)-AFM measurement, a W-coated Si tip can clearly resolve the atomic structures of a Ge(001) surface without any artifacts, indicating that, as a force sensor, the fabricated W-coated Si tip is superior to a bare Si tip. Silicon 68-70 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 224-227 22128984-6 2011 We demonstrate that in non-contact (NC)-AFM measurement, a W-coated Si tip can clearly resolve the atomic structures of a Ge(001) surface without any artifacts, indicating that, as a force sensor, the fabricated W-coated Si tip is superior to a bare Si tip. Silicon 68-70 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 224-227 22128984-6 2011 We demonstrate that in non-contact (NC)-AFM measurement, a W-coated Si tip can clearly resolve the atomic structures of a Ge(001) surface without any artifacts, indicating that, as a force sensor, the fabricated W-coated Si tip is superior to a bare Si tip. Silicon 221-223 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 71-74 22128984-6 2011 We demonstrate that in non-contact (NC)-AFM measurement, a W-coated Si tip can clearly resolve the atomic structures of a Ge(001) surface without any artifacts, indicating that, as a force sensor, the fabricated W-coated Si tip is superior to a bare Si tip. Silicon 221-223 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 224-227 22128984-6 2011 We demonstrate that in non-contact (NC)-AFM measurement, a W-coated Si tip can clearly resolve the atomic structures of a Ge(001) surface without any artifacts, indicating that, as a force sensor, the fabricated W-coated Si tip is superior to a bare Si tip. Silicon 221-223 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 224-227 22128984-6 2011 We demonstrate that in non-contact (NC)-AFM measurement, a W-coated Si tip can clearly resolve the atomic structures of a Ge(001) surface without any artifacts, indicating that, as a force sensor, the fabricated W-coated Si tip is superior to a bare Si tip. Silicon 221-223 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 71-74 22128984-6 2011 We demonstrate that in non-contact (NC)-AFM measurement, a W-coated Si tip can clearly resolve the atomic structures of a Ge(001) surface without any artifacts, indicating that, as a force sensor, the fabricated W-coated Si tip is superior to a bare Si tip. Silicon 221-223 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 224-227 22128984-6 2011 We demonstrate that in non-contact (NC)-AFM measurement, a W-coated Si tip can clearly resolve the atomic structures of a Ge(001) surface without any artifacts, indicating that, as a force sensor, the fabricated W-coated Si tip is superior to a bare Si tip. Silicon 221-223 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 224-227 22428093-0 2012 Effect of the tip state during qPlus noncontact atomic force microscopy of Si(100) at 5 K: Probing the probe. Silicon 75-77 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 14-17 22428093-4 2012 RESULTS: We present an analysis of the influence of the tip apex during imaging of the Si(100) substrate in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) at 5 K using a qPlus sensor for noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM). Silicon 87-89 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 56-59 22428093-7 2012 CONCLUSION: A wide range of novel imaging mechanisms are demonstrated on the Si(100) surface, which can only be explained by variations in the precise structural configuration at the apex of the tip. Silicon 77-79 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 195-198 26596302-3 2011 At a distance larger than the critical value of 4.06 A, the conductance is increased with a reduction in distance owing to the pi state arising from the silicon dimers immediately under the tip; this in turn plays a key role in facilitating a large transmission probability. Silicon 153-160 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 190-193 19509444-3 2009 By using the Si cantilever, we first obtained four types of image at the atomic scale which can be explained assuming a dimer structure on the tip apex. Silicon 13-15 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 143-146 19381617-1 2009 Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), which utilizes the strong localized optical field generated at the apex of a metallic tip when illuminated, has been shown to successfully probe the vibrational spectrum of today"s and tomorrow"s state-of-the-art silicon and next-generation semiconductor devices, such as quantum dots. Silicon 253-260 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 0-3 19405662-2 2009 We accurately estimated the tip apex shape with a nanofabricated Si tip characterizer and applied the estimated tip shape function to a dilation-erosion algorithm for image reconstruction. Silicon 65-67 TOR signaling pathway regulator Homo sapiens 28-31