PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 2598356-5 1989 In addition, the authors determined the reserve power of the adrenal cortex with different age and found that the increased multiple of the salivary cortisol concentration 60 minutes after the stimulation of ACTH analogue was markedly lower in the aged persons than that in the young persons. Hydrocortisone 149-157 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 208-212 2792121-0 1989 Adrenocortical response to adrenocorticotropic hormone in relation to duration of topical therapy and percutaneous absorption of hydrocortisone in children with dermatitis. Hydrocortisone 129-143 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-54 2524500-0 1989 Circadian, ultradian, and episodic release of beta-endorphin in men, and its temporal coupling with cortisol. Hydrocortisone 100-108 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-60 2544636-7 1989 Although post-DEX ACTH levels did not differ among the DSM-III diagnostic categories, cortisol non-suppressors averaged significantly (P = 0.0004) higher ACTH levels than suppressors. Hydrocortisone 86-94 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 154-158 2545310-4 1989 Two-day cortisol treatment suppressed the plasma concentration of ACTH and corticosterone, and also decreased, to a lesser degree, concentrations of beta-endorphin. Hydrocortisone 8-16 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-70 2545310-4 1989 Two-day cortisol treatment suppressed the plasma concentration of ACTH and corticosterone, and also decreased, to a lesser degree, concentrations of beta-endorphin. Hydrocortisone 8-16 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 149-163 2547012-6 1989 Yields of steroid obtained under conditions of maximal stimulation by ACTH(1-24), alpha-MSH and desacetyl-alpha-MSH were at least three to five times the basal output of aldosterone, four to eight times that for corticosterone and more than seven to sixteen times that for cortisol. Hydrocortisone 273-281 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 106-115 2541159-8 1989 The decrease in REM sleep during the ACTH infusion may be mediated by the rise in endogenous cortisol. Hydrocortisone 93-101 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 2545393-9 1989 Fen and Nal given together cause a synergistic release of ACTH and cortisol as determined by the areas under the ACTH-time and cortisol-time curves for Fen/Nal compared to the sums of Fen alone plus Nal alone curves for ACTH and cortisol. Hydrocortisone 67-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 2535925-7 1989 Positive relationships were found among CSF, plasma, and urinary cortisol levels, and inverse relationships were seen between cortisol measures and CSF ACTH levels in patients with eating disorders. Hydrocortisone 126-134 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 152-156 2545393-9 1989 Fen and Nal given together cause a synergistic release of ACTH and cortisol as determined by the areas under the ACTH-time and cortisol-time curves for Fen/Nal compared to the sums of Fen alone plus Nal alone curves for ACTH and cortisol. Hydrocortisone 67-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 2547231-4 1989 We report on two patients with adrenal failure with low basal cortisol levels and a poor response to short cortisol stimulation test with ACTH. Hydrocortisone 107-115 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 138-142 2537333-10 1989 Thus, cortisol secreted in response to ACTH released by oCRH modulates, after about a 60-min delay, the continuing release of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 39-43 2537333-10 1989 Thus, cortisol secreted in response to ACTH released by oCRH modulates, after about a 60-min delay, the continuing release of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 126-130 2759048-5 1989 Our studies suggest that a non-renin, non-ACTH factor may influence the basal production of these steroids, and by its reduction, permits deviation of steroid substrate to cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 172-180 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 42-46 18796921-3 1989 Current theory proposes that the stimulation-induced breakdown of POMC results in ACTH release with a subsequent elevation in blood cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 132-140 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-70 2560712-0 1989 The relationship between cortisol and ACTH in patients with Cushing"s disease following neurosurgery or pharmacotherapy. Hydrocortisone 25-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 38-42 2681084-8 1989 Excessive adrenal androgen secretion is found in the adrenogenital syndrome in which defective cortisol biosynthesis leads to ACTH oversecretion and ACTH-stimulated overproduction of cortisol precursors, some of which are androgens. Hydrocortisone 95-103 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 126-130 2681084-8 1989 Excessive adrenal androgen secretion is found in the adrenogenital syndrome in which defective cortisol biosynthesis leads to ACTH oversecretion and ACTH-stimulated overproduction of cortisol precursors, some of which are androgens. Hydrocortisone 95-103 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 149-153 2681084-8 1989 Excessive adrenal androgen secretion is found in the adrenogenital syndrome in which defective cortisol biosynthesis leads to ACTH oversecretion and ACTH-stimulated overproduction of cortisol precursors, some of which are androgens. Hydrocortisone 183-191 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 149-153 2831247-6 1988 A 4-day incubation with cortisol induced a dose-dependent decrease in both basal and long term CRH-stimulated ACTH release, with no difference in the IC50 (1 X 10(-8) mol/L). Hydrocortisone 24-32 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-114 2561495-6 1989 In the two youngest age groups, cortisol infusion significantly inhibited the fetal ACTH response to oCRH. Hydrocortisone 32-40 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 84-88 2848944-4 1988 In ovariectomized ewes, ACTH significantly elevated the response of both cortisol and progesterone (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001) within 10-15 min of injection. Hydrocortisone 73-81 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 24-28 2848944-5 1988 In the ovariectomized ewes and during heat stress, the responses of progesterone and cortisol to ACTH were characterized by an initial acute rise, a transient drop, a steep elevation and a gradual but prolonged decline. Hydrocortisone 85-93 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 97-101 2845460-6 1988 In addition, depressed patients" basal plasma cortisol levels were strongly predictive of stress-related elevations in ACTH, cortisol, and growth hormone. Hydrocortisone 46-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 119-123 3139743-7 1988 ACTH stimulation induced a subnormal rise of cortisol and 11 beta-hydroxyandrostenedione, a low or absent rise of dehydroepiandrosterone, 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone, androstenedione and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone contrasting with a marked rise of pregnenolone and progesterone. Hydrocortisone 45-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 3392892-7 1988 At the end of the infusion period the cortisol increase in response to ACTH was reduced but not abolished. Hydrocortisone 38-46 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 71-75 3372962-3 1988 The normal suppression of high plasma ACTH levels induced by hydrocortisone infusion and the normal pattern of ACTH, TSH, PRL, LH and FSH to appropriate stimuli (CRH, TRH, GnRH) excluded the possible existence of an ACTH-secreting adenoma; the CT scan images showed the presence of an empty sella. Hydrocortisone 61-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 38-42 2828408-8 1988 ACTH-(18-39) also stimulated ascorbate depletion and cortisol production, but at one concentration only (100 fmol/L), and TSH and LH had no effect. Hydrocortisone 53-61 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 2964498-6 1987 gamma 2-Melanotropin and beta-endorphin (10(-6) mol/l) stimulated the secretion of cortisol, but not of aldosterone. Hydrocortisone 83-91 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 25-39 3436298-4 1987 In the presence of 10(-7) M adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), the addition of either LDL or HDL to the culture medium at a cholesterol concentration of 100 micrograms/ml led to a significant increase in the daily secretion rates of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and aldosterone in the adenoma and nodular hyperplasia cells, as in the normal cells. Hydrocortisone 226-234 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 2958980-4 1987 GH, LH and cortisol responsiveness to combined im injection of TRH (10 micrograms/kg), GnRH (10 micrograms/kg), and ACTH (5 micrograms/kg) was determined in 9 MPA-treated and 9 control bitches at 17 months of treatment (Exp. Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 116-120 3039770-7 1987 Patients with basal morning 17-OHP concentration and 17-OHP to cortisol ratio above reference range should be given an ACTH test. Hydrocortisone 63-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 119-123 3034954-8 1987 The production of both dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cortisol also was stimulated by ACTH, suggesting that the increased mRNAs were translated into active enzymes. Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 90-94 2822298-9 1987 We therefore conclude that postprandial cortisol secretion is mediated by central stimulant alpha-1 adrenoceptors modulating pituitary ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 135-139 2821533-6 1987 A statistically significant increase in cortisol concentration was noted on the 60th min after LHRH injection in some of the patients responding to LHRH by a high ACTH level. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 163-167 3032007-0 1987 Negative-feedback inhibition of fetal ACTH secretion by maternal cortisol. Hydrocortisone 65-73 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 38-42 3032007-5 1987 The results indicate that increases in maternal plasma cortisol concentration sufficient to produce modest increases in fetal plasma cortisol inhibit fetal ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 55-63 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 156-160 3037578-3 1987 Maximal cortisol response to ACTH demonstrated a significant decrease after treatment in the subgroup of melancholic/DST nonsuppressors (p = 0.04). Hydrocortisone 8-16 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 3037578-4 1987 When the cumulative cortisol response (CCR) to ACTH was examined, the DST nonsuppressors had a greater CCR decrease than suppressors (p = 0.03), and the melancholics a greater decrease than nonmelancholics (p = 0.02). Hydrocortisone 20-28 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 3026608-6 1987 Hydrocortisone suppressed in vitro ACTH secretion and CRF (100 nM) stimulated ACTH by 50% during 72 hours of incubation. Hydrocortisone 0-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 35-39 2952498-3 1987 The change in beta-endorphin with exercise was significantly related to the change in cortisol (r = 0.68; p less than 0.001) and to the change in plasma lactic acid (r = 0.60; p less than 0.001). Hydrocortisone 86-94 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-28 3023428-4 1987 The episodes were caused by mineralocorticoid actions of large ACTH-induced increases in cortisol and deoxycorticosterone secretion. Hydrocortisone 89-97 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 63-67 3490748-4 1986 In another patient treated for an undetected ectopic ACTH source by a cortisol antagonist, the enlarging thymus could be confused with a thymic carcinoid. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 3621618-2 1986 infusion) on corticosteroid levels was studied in five patients with cortisol excess caused by increased ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 69-77 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 105-109 3017633-2 1986 Acutely ill patients had higher ACTH-stimulated 11-deoxycortisol and androstenedione, and decreased basal and ACTH-stimulated androstenedione/cortisol and DHEAS/cortisol ratios. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 32-36 3017633-2 1986 Acutely ill patients had higher ACTH-stimulated 11-deoxycortisol and androstenedione, and decreased basal and ACTH-stimulated androstenedione/cortisol and DHEAS/cortisol ratios. Hydrocortisone 142-150 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-114 3015796-8 1986 Infusion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) caused exaggerated increases of aldosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, and 18-hydroxycortisol; cortisol response was normal. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 12-39 3019857-2 1986 Since animal studies suggested that rapid rises of corticosteroids within the physiologic range can inhibit ACTH release, we administered brief infusions of cortisol every three hours with total daily dose equal to her chronic dose. Hydrocortisone 157-165 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 108-112 3009524-10 1986 During a 4-h ACTH infusion, the serum cortisol level rose from 10 to 27 micrograms/dl, and dehydroepiandrosterone rose from 62 to 90 ng/dl. Hydrocortisone 38-46 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 3013600-7 1986 However, serum cortisol and urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) were significantly increased by the repeated administration of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 148-152 3013143-4 1986 Addition of cortisol to the media in concentrations which generally inhibit the ACTH secretion in vivo in patients with Cushing"s disease (1 mg/ml) failed to affect the ACTH secretion in vitro. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 80-84 3004086-2 1985 Base line ACTH levels were elevated due to a 9-h time lag between hydrocortisone administration and onset of the study. Hydrocortisone 66-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 3000177-2 1985 Retrospective analysis of the rapid adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) test in a large adult population shows a marked interdependence of the basal cortisol concentration, peak cortisol concentration, and increase in cortisol concentration. Hydrocortisone 148-156 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-63 3000177-2 1985 Retrospective analysis of the rapid adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) test in a large adult population shows a marked interdependence of the basal cortisol concentration, peak cortisol concentration, and increase in cortisol concentration. Hydrocortisone 148-156 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 3000177-2 1985 Retrospective analysis of the rapid adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) test in a large adult population shows a marked interdependence of the basal cortisol concentration, peak cortisol concentration, and increase in cortisol concentration. Hydrocortisone 177-185 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-63 3000177-2 1985 Retrospective analysis of the rapid adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) test in a large adult population shows a marked interdependence of the basal cortisol concentration, peak cortisol concentration, and increase in cortisol concentration. Hydrocortisone 177-185 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 3000177-2 1985 Retrospective analysis of the rapid adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) test in a large adult population shows a marked interdependence of the basal cortisol concentration, peak cortisol concentration, and increase in cortisol concentration. Hydrocortisone 177-185 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-63 3000177-2 1985 Retrospective analysis of the rapid adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) test in a large adult population shows a marked interdependence of the basal cortisol concentration, peak cortisol concentration, and increase in cortisol concentration. Hydrocortisone 177-185 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 2932643-5 1985 The deficit in the activities of the first two enzymes resulted in decreased cortisol synthesis with subsequent increased ACTH secretion and adrenocortical hyperplasia. Hydrocortisone 77-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 122-126 2996363-1 1985 By use of a crossover design, we studied the effects of increasing plasma cortisol concentration on ACTH responses to a standardized stress in 14 lamb fetuses between 94 and 108 days gestation. Hydrocortisone 74-82 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 100-104 2991318-9 1985 About 90% of the cortisol pulses could be related to a concomitant ACTH pulse in normal subjects as well as in both groups of depressed patients. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 2990678-4 1985 Both monolayer cells maintained for 6 weeks and organ culture explants maintained for over 3 days responded to ACTH (10(-7) M) with increased production of androgens (testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone) but decreased production of cortisol as measured by radioimmunoassay of steroids in the culture media. Hydrocortisone 250-258 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 111-115 2990678-5 1985 Concomitant with decreased cortisol production was the enhanced formation of 11-deoxycortisol in cells exposed to ACTH, suggesting impaired 11 beta-hydroxylation. Hydrocortisone 27-35 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 114-118 3000132-6 1985 As a result of exposure of ACTH, the cultured cells revealed the retraction response and production of cortisol and aldosterone. Hydrocortisone 103-111 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 2859725-3 1985 When ACTH-Prl adenoma cells were exposed to ovine corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), a dose-dependent increase in both ACTH and Prl secretion was observed, which was blocked by coincubation with hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 199-213 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 5-9 2859725-3 1985 When ACTH-Prl adenoma cells were exposed to ovine corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), a dose-dependent increase in both ACTH and Prl secretion was observed, which was blocked by coincubation with hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 199-213 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 123-127 2993405-8 1985 Thus, it is shown that the metyrapone-induced cortisol inhibition stimulates both ACTH and melatonin secretion, while high ACTH and cortisol levels are accompanied by reduced S-melatonin levels. Hydrocortisone 46-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 2982307-4 1985 Over 95% of hypercortisolemic patients with a pituitary adenoma responded with increases in plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations; patients with the ectopic ACTH syndrome had no ACTH or cortisol responses; patients with ACTH-independent hypercortisolism of adrenal origin had low or undetectable plasma ACTH concentrations before and after CRF without any cortisol response. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 99-103 2982900-16 1985 Reduction in the magnitude, but not the number, of ACTH secretory pulses by dexamethasone produced a reduced concordance ratio of ACTH with cortisol pulses of 0.39, compared to 0.64 in the basal state. Hydrocortisone 140-148 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 130-134 2982902-5 1985 However, since post-dex baseline concentrations of adrenal steroids were lower, the delta to ACTH was significantly greater for the major adrenal secretory products, 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone (3 beta, 17 alpha-dihydroxypregn-5-ene-20-one), dehydroepiandrosterone, and cortisol (F). Hydrocortisone 271-279 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 6205918-15 1984 On the basis of these and our previous studies, we suggest that ACTH may play an important role in stimulating estrogen formation by human adipose tissue, both directly, and by stimulating the adrenal cortex to produce both substrate, androstenedione, and inducing agent, namely cortisol. Hydrocortisone 279-287 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 6329652-4 1984 One hour after the end of the maternal cortisol infusion, fetal ACTH secretion was stimulated by infusion of sodium nitroprusside into the fetal inferior vena cava. Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 6329652-5 1984 After maternal cortisol infusion, the fetal ACTH and cortisol responses to fetal hypotension were inhibited. Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-48 6095627-16 1984 Serum cortisol levels increased markedly after ACTH injection in all groups. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 6086740-6 1984 It is hypothesized that cortisol exerts a local effect in maturation of fetal zona fasciculata cells, such that low concentrations of ACTH have increasingly larger effects on growth and secretion of the fasciculata and that the level of negative feedback by cortisol on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is reset. Hydrocortisone 24-32 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 134-138 6086740-6 1984 It is hypothesized that cortisol exerts a local effect in maturation of fetal zona fasciculata cells, such that low concentrations of ACTH have increasingly larger effects on growth and secretion of the fasciculata and that the level of negative feedback by cortisol on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is reset. Hydrocortisone 258-266 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 134-138 6328122-0 1984 ACTH sensitivity of isolated human pathological adrenocortical cells: variability of responses in aldosterone, corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone and cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 151-159 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 6328122-3 1984 Adrenocortical cells derived from micronodular hyperplasia causing Cushing"s syndrome and cells from cortisol producing adenoma displayed predominantly cortisol and corticosterone secretion both under basal conditions and following stimulation with ACTH. Hydrocortisone 101-109 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 249-253 6328122-4 1984 Aldosteronoma cells showed highly variable aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone and cortisol response to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 96-104 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 117-121 6319450-2 1984 This study was designed to elucidate the interrelationship between plasma ACTH and cortisol levels during the increase in cortisol levels, which occurs during morning hours. Hydrocortisone 83-91 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 74-78 6319450-2 1984 This study was designed to elucidate the interrelationship between plasma ACTH and cortisol levels during the increase in cortisol levels, which occurs during morning hours. Hydrocortisone 122-130 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 74-78 6319450-4 1984 In these control groups, the increase in cortisol levels was preceded by a large increase in ACTH levels; in the case of the physiological morning peak there was no adequate rise in mean ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 41-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 6319450-6 1984 This conclusion was corroborated by the finding that oscillations of plasma cortisol concentrations, comparable to the physiological morning peak, were demonstrable in ACTH-deficient patients when they were supplied with subthreshold amounts of exogenous ACTH. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 168-172 6319450-6 1984 This conclusion was corroborated by the finding that oscillations of plasma cortisol concentrations, comparable to the physiological morning peak, were demonstrable in ACTH-deficient patients when they were supplied with subthreshold amounts of exogenous ACTH. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 255-259 6320915-0 1984 Ability of cortisol and progesterone to mediate the stimulatory effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone upon testosterone production by the porcine testis. Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 74-101 6321849-2 1984 The cortisol response to small amounts of exogenous ACTH and to insulin induced hypoglycemia was preceded by an increase in ACTH levels appropriate to explain the increase in cortisol. Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 52-56 6321849-2 1984 The cortisol response to small amounts of exogenous ACTH and to insulin induced hypoglycemia was preceded by an increase in ACTH levels appropriate to explain the increase in cortisol. Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 124-128 6317347-9 1984 ACTH treatment elevated serum CS and progesterone concentrations only in the sham-ADX groups. Hydrocortisone 30-32 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 6315759-5 1984 The individual basal cortisol levels were highly significantly and negatively correlated with the areas under the individual ACTH curves (r = -0.76; P less than 0.005, by Pearson"s correlation test) and cortisol curves (r = -0.91; P less than 0.001, by Pearson"s test). Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 125-129 6324266-4 1984 The cortisol/11-deoxycortisol ratio was regarded as a measure of biologically active ACTH. Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 85-89 6098978-4 1983 The adult adrenal cells in the presence of ACTH showed a much higher cortisol/DHA secretion ratio, but the addition of estradiol markedly reduced this ratio as in fetal cells. Hydrocortisone 69-77 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 43-47 6312717-7 1983 Cortisol production responded to ACTH, but not to AII. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 33-37 6304135-6 1983 Suppressed ACTH levels below 5 pg/ml in the 2 patients with hypercortisolism of adrenal origin remained suppressed and cortisol levels did not change after CRF. Hydrocortisone 65-73 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 6300159-4 1983 The pre-ACTH treatment levels of 11-deoxycortisol and cortisol were low in patients with both GH and ACTH deficiencies before and during GH therapy. Hydrocortisone 41-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 8-12 6300159-4 1983 The pre-ACTH treatment levels of 11-deoxycortisol and cortisol were low in patients with both GH and ACTH deficiencies before and during GH therapy. Hydrocortisone 41-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 101-105 6300159-8 1983 These results suggest a synergistic effect of GH on ACTH action on the biosynthesis of cortisol in the adrenals. Hydrocortisone 87-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 52-56 6300162-3 1983 Stimulation with ACTH effected additional increases in the elevated steroid and cortisol levels, but not in aldosterone, further increasing the discrepancy and the ratio between 18-hydroxycorticosterone and aldosterone. Hydrocortisone 80-88 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 17-21 6303637-5 1983 It is concluded that cortisol-induced suppression of ACTH secretion may be operational in Cushing"s disease but that the mechanism is less sensitive than in normal subjects. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 6094080-5 1983 In contrast, markedly elevated ACTH levels were necessary to produce a comparable cortisol peak by administration of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 82-90 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 117-121 6309202-1 1983 A study of serum cortisol level and clinical effectiveness in infantile spasms using lower doses of ACTH-Z treatment]. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 100-104 6572987-3 1983 Calculating cortisol/11-deoxycortisol ratios allows the assessment of the activity of 11 beta-hydroxylase, which depends on the mean secretion rate of adrenocorticotropic hormone. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 151-178 6284783-7 1982 These observations indicated that stress could overcome cyclic ACTH secretion and that cortisol exerted feedback suppression on ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 87-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 128-132 6291080-4 1982 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations at 8 a.m. pre- and postdexamethasone were significantly greater in cortisol nonsuppressors than in suppressors. Hydrocortisone 117-125 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-27 6291080-4 1982 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations at 8 a.m. pre- and postdexamethasone were significantly greater in cortisol nonsuppressors than in suppressors. Hydrocortisone 117-125 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 6291080-5 1982 Our data support the hypothesis that pituitary ACTH secretion is altered in depressed patients who have HPA axis abnormalities demonstrated by plasma cortisol measurements. Hydrocortisone 150-158 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 6280425-6 1982 Thus the effect of ACTH on prolactin appeared to be mediated via enhanced cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 74-82 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 19-23 6286520-7 1982 Hydrocortisone replacement therapy given to five children with impaired ACTH-responsiveness did not alter the rate of relapses observed prior to this treatment. Hydrocortisone 0-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 72-76 6278042-3 1982 Trilostane (20 mumol/l) decreased cortisol synthesis and release both in unstimulated and in ACTH-stimulated adrenal tissues in vitro. Hydrocortisone 34-42 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 7139974-6 1982 Cortisol 18-hydroxylation is markedly accentuated in two circumstances: in the aldosteronoma cell where its presence may serve to distinguish tumor from bilateral hyperplasia and in ACTH-stimulatable hyperaldosteronism where it represents the first qualitative steroid biochemical abnormality to be demonstrated and as such may be useful in diagnosis and genetic studies. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 182-186 6276646-5 1982 The diagnosis of isolated ACTH deficiency due to intrinsic pituitary disease is made unequivocally when all the following criteria are met: 1) low basal urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid (17-OHCS) levels with or without low basal plasma cortisol, 2) low or normal basal plasma ACTH, 3) stimulation of cortisol, 17-OHCS or both during prolonged ACTH administration, 4) lack of 17-OHCS elevation in response to metyrapone and 5) normal secretory indices of other pituitary hormones. Hydrocortisone 236-244 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 6276646-5 1982 The diagnosis of isolated ACTH deficiency due to intrinsic pituitary disease is made unequivocally when all the following criteria are met: 1) low basal urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid (17-OHCS) levels with or without low basal plasma cortisol, 2) low or normal basal plasma ACTH, 3) stimulation of cortisol, 17-OHCS or both during prolonged ACTH administration, 4) lack of 17-OHCS elevation in response to metyrapone and 5) normal secretory indices of other pituitary hormones. Hydrocortisone 300-308 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 6274570-12 1981 ACTH produced increases in plasma cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone, aldosterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 17 alpha,20 alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone. Hydrocortisone 34-42 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 6274585-5 1981 The levels of cortisol, pregnenolone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione and dihydrotestosterone were significantly suppressed by dexamethasone and stimulated by ACTH in all phases of the cycle, and before and after DMPA administration. Hydrocortisone 14-22 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 191-195 6270185-7 1981 Furthermore, production of cortisol from the cultured tumor cells prepared from the same adenoma was significantly stimulated by epinephrine in addition to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 27-35 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 156-160 6270192-8 1981 When hydrocortisone was added to the culture, dose-dependent suppression of ACTH secretion was demonstrated. Hydrocortisone 5-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 76-80 6765487-7 1981 In women with breast carcinoma, replacement hydrocortisone must be administered with aminoglutethimide to prevent reflex ACTH hypersecretion from overcoming adrenal inhibition. Hydrocortisone 44-58 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 121-125 6116178-0 1981 [Dynamics of cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone following administration of ACTH in premature and mature newborn infants (author"s transl)]. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 81-85 6254755-6 1980 Serum cortisol levels increased markedly in all patients after initiation of ACTh therapy. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 77-81 6252234-2 1980 She had high urinary free cortisol levels (711 micrograms/day) and a positive response to metyrapone and suppression with 8 mg dexamethasone, suggesting pituitary ACTH-dependent adrenocortical hyperfunction. Hydrocortisone 26-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 163-167 6252236-4 1980 Conversely, intravenous injection of cortisol lowered plasma concentrations of gamma-MSH-LI concomitantly with those of ACTH-LI and beta-endorphin-LI. Hydrocortisone 37-45 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 85-88 6252236-4 1980 Conversely, intravenous injection of cortisol lowered plasma concentrations of gamma-MSH-LI concomitantly with those of ACTH-LI and beta-endorphin-LI. Hydrocortisone 37-45 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124 2849878-6 1988 The addition of adrenocorticotropic hormone, forskolin, 22R-hydroxycholesterol, or dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate increased the secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cortisol twofold to threefold and twofold to sixfold, respectively, above basal rates. Hydrocortisone 186-194 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-43 2843716-3 1988 Following infusion of 0.0084 microgram/kg of ACTH, plasma levels of corticosterone (P less than 0.02) and cortisol (P less than 0.01) were significantly increased; with chronic verapamil treatment plasma levels of corticosterone (P less than 0.05) and cortisol (P less than 0.02) were significantly lower than those without verapamil. Hydrocortisone 106-114 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 45-49 2843716-3 1988 Following infusion of 0.0084 microgram/kg of ACTH, plasma levels of corticosterone (P less than 0.02) and cortisol (P less than 0.01) were significantly increased; with chronic verapamil treatment plasma levels of corticosterone (P less than 0.05) and cortisol (P less than 0.02) were significantly lower than those without verapamil. Hydrocortisone 252-260 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 45-49 2891726-3 1988 Human adrenocortical cells cultured in the presence of 5 microM hexacosanoic (C26:0) or lignoceric (C24:0) acids showed decreased basal and ACTH-stimulated cortisol release compared with cells cultured without exogenous fatty acids or in the presence of linoleic acid (C18:2). Hydrocortisone 156-164 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 2853403-0 1988 Cortisol response to ACTH infusion in depressed patients: comparison with age-, sex-, and weight-matched normal subjects. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 3499448-12 1987 Surgically cured patients with adrenal adenomas or ectopic ACTH secretion also had subnormal plasma ACTH and cortisol responses to oCRH during the early postoperative period. Hydrocortisone 109-117 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 3499448-14 1987 Cortisol responses to oCRH correlated significantly with the cortisol responses to exogenous ACTH (r = 0.89; P less than 0.00001). Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 3499448-14 1987 Cortisol responses to oCRH correlated significantly with the cortisol responses to exogenous ACTH (r = 0.89; P less than 0.00001). Hydrocortisone 61-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 2821342-6 1987 Continuous infusion of cortisol 25 mg/h alone for two hours produced a significant decrease in the plasma ACTH level; this fall of ACTH began 30 minutes after the onset of cortisol administration. Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 106-110 2821342-6 1987 Continuous infusion of cortisol 25 mg/h alone for two hours produced a significant decrease in the plasma ACTH level; this fall of ACTH began 30 minutes after the onset of cortisol administration. Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 2821342-6 1987 Continuous infusion of cortisol 25 mg/h alone for two hours produced a significant decrease in the plasma ACTH level; this fall of ACTH began 30 minutes after the onset of cortisol administration. Hydrocortisone 172-180 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 2821342-7 1987 When IV bolus injection of oCRF 1 microgram/kg BW and the continuous infusion of cortisol 25 mg/h for two hours were both given, the plasma ACTH level increased firstly and then decreased 60 minutes after the onset of cortisol administration, progressing thereafter to the end of the study. Hydrocortisone 81-89 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 2821342-7 1987 When IV bolus injection of oCRF 1 microgram/kg BW and the continuous infusion of cortisol 25 mg/h for two hours were both given, the plasma ACTH level increased firstly and then decreased 60 minutes after the onset of cortisol administration, progressing thereafter to the end of the study. Hydrocortisone 218-226 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 2821342-8 1987 Study II showed in those who received the IV bolus injection of human CRF (hCRF) 100 micrograms and the continuous infusion of cortisol 25 mg/h for two hours, the plasma ACTH level increased firstly and began to decline 45 minutes after the onset of cortisol administration, progressing thereafter to the end of the test. Hydrocortisone 127-135 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 170-174 2821342-8 1987 Study II showed in those who received the IV bolus injection of human CRF (hCRF) 100 micrograms and the continuous infusion of cortisol 25 mg/h for two hours, the plasma ACTH level increased firstly and began to decline 45 minutes after the onset of cortisol administration, progressing thereafter to the end of the test. Hydrocortisone 250-258 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 170-174 3036902-6 1987 Furthermore, CRH administration to 4 ACTH-deficient patients caused a rise in serum DHEA and cortisol in patients with a normal ACTH response, while those with a poor ACTH response had a lesser rise in DHEA and cortisol. Hydrocortisone 93-101 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 2819816-3 1987 Significant increments in ACTH and cortisol levels after CRF were observed in all subjects, with an ACTH peak value of 48.2 +/- 3.4 pg/ml at 10 min (p less than 0.001). Hydrocortisone 35-43 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 100-104 3311477-3 1987 Basal cortisol levels above 300 nmol/l (RIA method) almost excluded ACTH-cortisol insufficiency and those below 100 nmol/l strongly suggested dysfunction. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 68-72 3311477-3 1987 Basal cortisol levels above 300 nmol/l (RIA method) almost excluded ACTH-cortisol insufficiency and those below 100 nmol/l strongly suggested dysfunction. Hydrocortisone 73-81 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 68-72 3034758-9 1987 After surgery the ACTH response to CRF can already be demonstrated when cortisol levels are still undetectable. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 18-22 3031940-6 1986 Basal levels of cortisol and CBG as well as cortisol responses to ACTH were increased in OC users relative to normal women tested during both the EF and ML phases of the cycle. Hydrocortisone 44-52 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-70 3023203-3 1986 Cimetidine and ranitidine at 320 and 1000 micrograms/ml inhibited ACTH-stimulated corticosterone and cortisol synthesis and cimetidine decreased basal cortisol synthesis. Hydrocortisone 101-109 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-70 2874843-0 1986 Somatostatin regulation of the CRF-ACTH-cortisol axis. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 35-39 3017037-8 1986 In 9 patients with Cushing"s disease, the plasma cortisol pattern was suggestive of a combination of episodic cortisol release under CRF control and of continuous cortisol secretion due to constant stimulation from an autonomous ACTH source. Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 229-233 3007552-7 1986 Exogenous cortisol inhibited CRH-stimulated ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 10-18 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-48 3011627-4 1986 : the cortisol level (microgram/100 ml) rose from 14.3 +/- 1.9 to 24.8 +/- 3.2 (P less than 0.05) in Ost and from 7.7 +/- 0.6 to 21.7 +/- 1.7 (P less than 0.001) in NC, the beta-endorphin (pmol/l) from 5.8 +/- 0.6 and to 21.2 +/- 1.3 in OST (P less than 0.001) and from 5.9 +/- 0.4 to 21.9 +/- 4.5 (P less than 0.01) in NC and the ACTH levels (pg/ml) from 21.3 +/- 5.7 to 61.7 +/- 3.6 (P less than 0.001) in OST and from 30.0 +/- 6.2 to 58.8 +/- 7.5 (P less than 0.05) in NC. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 173-187 3011627-4 1986 : the cortisol level (microgram/100 ml) rose from 14.3 +/- 1.9 to 24.8 +/- 3.2 (P less than 0.05) in Ost and from 7.7 +/- 0.6 to 21.7 +/- 1.7 (P less than 0.001) in NC, the beta-endorphin (pmol/l) from 5.8 +/- 0.6 and to 21.2 +/- 1.3 in OST (P less than 0.001) and from 5.9 +/- 0.4 to 21.9 +/- 4.5 (P less than 0.01) in NC and the ACTH levels (pg/ml) from 21.3 +/- 5.7 to 61.7 +/- 3.6 (P less than 0.001) in OST and from 30.0 +/- 6.2 to 58.8 +/- 7.5 (P less than 0.05) in NC. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 331-335 3005353-4 1986 In the normal subjects, there was a significant negative correlation between the basal cortisol level and the maximal ACTH (r = -0.65; P less than 0.05, by Spearman"s rank correlation test) and cortisol (r = -0.95; P less than 0.001, by Spearman"s test) responses to CRH. Hydrocortisone 87-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 118-122 3022521-5 1986 Elevated ACTH concentrations were suppressed by prednisolone (25%), dexamethasone (2% of the hydrocortisone dose) or by addition of cyproterone acetate (100 mg/m2/day). Hydrocortisone 93-107 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 9-13 3463439-3 1986 We propose that in these patients the 11 beta-HSD deficiency impairs the metabolism of cortisol to cortisone, resulting in a prolonged cortisol half-life, suppression of ACTH, and normal serum cortisol. Hydrocortisone 87-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 170-174 3010360-10 1986 In two patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome, extremely elevated ACTH and cortisol levels did not change or showed only a small increase after CRF administration. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 3010360-13 1986 After surgical removal of cortisol-producing adrenal tumors, the ACTH response to CRF can be demonstrated when cortisol levels are still undetectable. Hydrocortisone 26-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 3010382-5 1986 These data indicate that the reduced ACTH and cortisol responses to CRF in depression reflect normal functioning of the pituitary corticotroph cell (i.e., that the negative feedback effect of cortisol on ACTH secretion in depression is physiologically intact, effectively serving as a brake on the ACTH response to exogenous CRF. Hydrocortisone 192-200 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 204-208 3010382-5 1986 These data indicate that the reduced ACTH and cortisol responses to CRF in depression reflect normal functioning of the pituitary corticotroph cell (i.e., that the negative feedback effect of cortisol on ACTH secretion in depression is physiologically intact, effectively serving as a brake on the ACTH response to exogenous CRF. Hydrocortisone 192-200 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 204-208 2996363-6 1985 The ACTH response to hypotension in both groups was abolished by the cortisol pretreatment. Hydrocortisone 69-77 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 4-8 2993373-1 1985 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration increases cortisol synthesis but produces a biphasic aldosterone response. Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-27 2993373-1 1985 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration increases cortisol synthesis but produces a biphasic aldosterone response. Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 2993373-3 1985 The present study evaluated the plasma aldosterone response to four acute single-dose ACTH regimens that produced only a transient increase in plasma cortisol. Hydrocortisone 150-158 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 2986662-2 1985 anaesthetic agents propofol, thiopentone and etomidate inhibited ACTH-stimulated production of cortisol by guineapig dispersed adrenal cells in a dose-related manner. Hydrocortisone 95-103 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 2990975-3 1985 However, normotensive subjects with Raynaud"s syndrome showed a decline of ACTH stimulated cortisolaemia during the 3rd month (p less than 0.05) and 4th month (p less than 0.01) and a reduction of cortisol secretory reserve (delta cortisol) during the 3rd month of treatment (p less than 0.05). Hydrocortisone 91-99 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 75-79 2982895-6 1985 After ACTH injection, cortisol, DHEA, 17-OHP, and androstenedione increased significantly. Hydrocortisone 22-30 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 6-10 2982239-7 1985 The fasciculata steroids cortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone and corticosterone were continuously stimulated by ACTH. Hydrocortisone 25-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 3001556-2 1985 In man ACTH produces systolic hypertension which can be reproduced by infusion of cortisol, but not deoxycorticosterone, at rates appropriate for conditions of ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 82-90 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 7-11 3001556-2 1985 In man ACTH produces systolic hypertension which can be reproduced by infusion of cortisol, but not deoxycorticosterone, at rates appropriate for conditions of ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 82-90 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 160-164 2994142-3 1985 Saliva cortisol levels increased significantly after ACTH injection, but with a 60 min delay in reaching their peak compared to peak serum cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 7-15 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 6099814-5 1984 Activation of ACTH secretion in response to hypoglycaemia may involve a cholinergic mechanism at the hypothalamic level, with a consequent reduction in the increments of plasma cortisol and corticosterone after atropine administration. Hydrocortisone 177-185 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-18 6086695-5 1984 ACTH-induced cortisol peaks depressed the subsequent meal-related peaks, the exercise-induced peaks, and the spontaneous secretory episodes at the end of the night, and thus had a strong depressor capacity. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 6100405-2 1984 An ACTH-dependent pattern of aldosterone secretion was demonstrated in terms of the parallel circadian rhythm of aldosterone with cortisol and the exaggerated response to ACTH but not to angiotensin II. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 3-7 6089167-3 1984 A degree of gonadotrophic insufficiency is dependent on the ratio of excessive ACTH-cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 84-92 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 79-83 6325914-0 1984 Resolution of stiff-man syndrome with cortisol replacement in a patient with deficiencies of ACTH, growth hormone, and prolactin. Hydrocortisone 38-46 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 6327752-2 1984 Dispersed adrenocortical cells prepared from this mass responded to ACTH with a maximal increment in cortisol release of more than 400%. Hydrocortisone 101-109 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 68-72 6321533-3 1984 Six months later, the removal of a pseudotumor containing only fat and inflammatory tissue resulted in normalization of both basal plasma ACTH levels and the ACTH feedback response to cortisol infusion. Hydrocortisone 184-192 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 158-162 6321866-1 1984 Ten patients with infantile spasms were treated with ACTH, which resulted in a suppression of thyroxine through an increase of the serum cortisol level and suppression of pituitary TSH secretion. Hydrocortisone 137-145 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 6321866-4 1984 Although the high cortisol level was essential for the clinical effectiveness of ACTH therapy and the suppression of the thyroid hormones, the therapeutic correlation with the elevated cortisol level might be weak as compared to that with the suppression of T4. Hydrocortisone 18-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 81-85 6723088-8 1984 Thus in man, cortisol infusion (in contrast to DOC) at rates appropriate for conditions of ACTH stimulation reproduces both the BP and metabolic effects of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 6723088-8 1984 Thus in man, cortisol infusion (in contrast to DOC) at rates appropriate for conditions of ACTH stimulation reproduces both the BP and metabolic effects of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 156-160 6324295-13 1984 The increase in cortisol concentration following this ACTH release was significant only in the neuroleptanalgesia, but not in the epidural group. Hydrocortisone 16-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 54-58 6324296-10 1984 We can, therefore, rule out that thoracic epidural anaesthesia with 0.75% bupivacaine impairs ACTH stimulated cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 110-118 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 6308033-5 1983 In all subjects, cortisol levels decreased below the basal level in response to the infusion of beta-endorphin. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 96-110 6310920-0 1983 Suppression of electroacupuncture(EA)-induced beta-endorphin and ACTH release by hydrocortisone in man. Hydrocortisone 81-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 6310920-3 1983 Pre-treatment with iv hydrocortisone (200 mg) completely suppressed both ACTH and beta-endorphin release in response to EA without significantly affecting EA anaesthesia in 6 other patients and in a patient with Addison"s disease. Hydrocortisone 22-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 73-77 6310920-3 1983 Pre-treatment with iv hydrocortisone (200 mg) completely suppressed both ACTH and beta-endorphin release in response to EA without significantly affecting EA anaesthesia in 6 other patients and in a patient with Addison"s disease. Hydrocortisone 22-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-96 6225569-6 1983 These data are compatible with the hypothesis that a small reduction in the ability to synthesize cortisol requires a marginal increase in the secretion of ACTH and/or other CRF-induced peptides to maintain cortisol production rate. Hydrocortisone 207-215 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 156-160 6310263-9 1983 The difference in the ratio DHAS/cortisol was even greater comparing these human ZR and ZF cell preparations, ranging from 18- to 44-fold basally and in response to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 165-169 6307551-3 1983 In response to exogenous alpha 1-24 ACTH the increments in plasma androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and cortisol were significantly greater in hirsute patients than in normal subjects. Hydrocortisone 116-124 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 6318608-0 1983 [Effects of synthetic ACTH on plasma cortisol and aldosterone in neurosurgery]. Hydrocortisone 37-45 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 22-26 6094080-2 1983 The present study was designed to elucidate the interrelations between plasma ACTH and cortisol levels during the "midday surge" in cortisol concentrations. Hydrocortisone 87-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 78-82 6094080-2 1983 The present study was designed to elucidate the interrelations between plasma ACTH and cortisol levels during the "midday surge" in cortisol concentrations. Hydrocortisone 132-140 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 78-82 6094080-5 1983 In contrast, markedly elevated ACTH levels were necessary to produce a comparable cortisol peak by administration of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 82-90 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 31-35 6300506-4 1983 Changes in plasma cortisol concentrations exhibited a negative correlation with changes in diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.712, P less than 0.001) and were shown to correspond to similar changes in plasma ACTH concentrations. Hydrocortisone 18-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 206-210 6300506-5 1983 Comparable increases in plasma cortisol and ACTH concentrations were also demonstrated in the studies on recently nephrectomized subjects, who, in contrast to chronically anephric subjects, exhibited increases in plasma aldosterone concentrations which were concordant with the changes in plasma cortisol and ACTH concentrations. Hydrocortisone 31-39 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 309-313 6306711-3 1983 The ratio of cortisol to 11-deoxycortisol was taken as a measure of 11-hydroxylase activity, which indicates biological activity of secreted ACTH. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 141-145 6297233-3 1982 In spite of the extremely low level of cortisol, the plasma level of ACTH would not rise sufficiently, but a marked response of cortisol to ACTH stimulation was recognized. Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 69-73 6297233-3 1982 In spite of the extremely low level of cortisol, the plasma level of ACTH would not rise sufficiently, but a marked response of cortisol to ACTH stimulation was recognized. Hydrocortisone 128-136 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 6281642-0 1982 Discordant cortisol response to exogenous ACTH and insulin-induced hypoglycemia in patients with pituitary disease. Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 42-46 6122322-6 1982 Cortisol and androstenedione responded to both DXM suppression and ACTH stimulation in an identical manner in the two groups. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 6277220-4 1982 Cortisol infusion suppressed ACTH in all subjects but the reductions in the last two groups were less than in the first three. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 6279482-0 1982 Responsiveness of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone to ACTH in children. Hydrocortisone 18-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 57-61 6287497-1 1982 Melatonin secretion is dependent both on the environmental lighting and noradrenergic control and seems to be related to the ACTH-cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 125-129 6276484-8 1981 It is suggested that the effect of ACTh on LH secretion is healthy women is mediated by the acute rise of endogenous cortisol concentrations. Hydrocortisone 117-125 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 35-39 6274253-0 1981 ACTH-induced cortisol production in multiple sclerosis. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 6267859-1 1981 Serum cortisol response to synthetic corticotrophin (B1-24-ACTH) was evaluated in 21 normal subjects. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 6267859-2 1981 There was significant negative correlation (r = -0.633, P less than 0.001) between the basal serum cortisol and the increase in serum cortisol level in response to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 99-107 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 164-168 6267859-5 1981 Inverse correlation between basal serum cortisol and the increase in serum cortisol suggests that in patients who have high basal serum cortisol levels, endogenous ACTH may already have reduced the cortisol reserve of the adrenal gland. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 164-168 6273025-2 1981 Hydrocortisone suppressed plasma ACTH concentrations to normal in the patient without Nelson"s syndrome, but failed to do so in the two patients with Nelson"s syndrome. Hydrocortisone 0-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 33-37 6263939-7 1981 The lowest ACTH doses elicited a proportionately greater adrenal androgen response (as reflected in the DHA to cortisol ratio), but with increasing ACTH dosage, there was greater stimulation of cortisol production, which equalled or exceeded that of DHA. Hydrocortisone 111-119 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 6263939-7 1981 The lowest ACTH doses elicited a proportionately greater adrenal androgen response (as reflected in the DHA to cortisol ratio), but with increasing ACTH dosage, there was greater stimulation of cortisol production, which equalled or exceeded that of DHA. Hydrocortisone 194-202 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 148-152 6263939-9 1981 The progressive increase in the production of cortisol and other delta 4, 3-ketosteroids in vitro suggests that the characteristic fetal pattern of steroidogenesis may result from the interaction of ACTH with some circulating inhibitor of adrenal 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Hydrocortisone 46-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 199-203 6273022-4 1981 It is suggested that these cases may represent an unusual form of Cushing"s syndrome in which ACTH secretion is stimulated by increasing concentrations of cortisol. Hydrocortisone 155-163 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 6119250-8 1981 The serum cortisol levels in group A were higher, but not significantly higher, than those in group B after ACTH infusion. Hydrocortisone 10-18 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 108-112 6257016-7 1981 In one patient with Nelson"s syndrome hydrocortisone iv (100 mg/h for 3 h) suppressed the total ACTH levels from 360 to 83 pmol/l following corticoid withdrawal on the previous evening, but did not affect the high molecular weight form of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 38-52 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 96-100 6259040-5 1980 The administration of hydrocortisone significantly suppressed plasma ACTH levels only at 60 min. Hydrocortisone 22-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 69-73 6259040-9 1980 The possible mechanisms are discussed, especially the potential role of transient glucose deficiency in the pathophysiology of plasma ACTH increase in response to hydrocortisone in the bilaterally adrenalectomized patients. Hydrocortisone 163-177 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 134-138 6254699-7 1980 Addition of hydrocortisone to the perfusion buffer of two tumours resulted in a slow inhibition of both basal and stimulated ACTH and LPH release. Hydrocortisone 12-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 125-129 7409273-3 1980 DOC and cortisol which were contained in the adenomas were also stimulated more significantly by ACTH than by angiotensin II and III. Hydrocortisone 8-16 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 97-101 6106101-3 1980 Downstream "pollution" and slow flush-out of reticularis blood vessels after each pulse of ACTH would expose the inner-zone cells to the highest cortisol levels for the longest time. Hydrocortisone 145-153 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 6247362-2 1980 ACTH, AII and ASF induced dose-related increases in both aldosterone and cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 73-81 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 6257262-7 1980 Response of plasma cortisol level to synthetic 18-ACTH were measured in all patients for 3 days after betamethasone administration cancelled. Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 50-54 6246143-2 1980 Marked elevation of urinary free cortisol (655 micrograms/24 h) and plasma ACTH (2445 PG/ML) SUGGESTED THE DIAGNOSIS OF ECTOPIC ACTH syndrome. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 128-132 6246135-1 1980 ACTH-stimulated adrenal tissue of a human anencephalic fetus, when maintained in organ culture, secreted appreciable quantities of cortisol but little dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate or pregnenolone sulfate. Hydrocortisone 131-139 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 6246135-5 1980 Based on these findings, it is concluded that in the presence of ACTH, the adrenals of the anencephalic fetus secrete principally cortisol, and the failure of dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate and pregnenolone sulfate secretion is due to the absence of the fetal zone. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 6272242-4 1980 Moreover, the response of the midline-estimating statistic of rhythm (rhythm-adjusted circadian average) of urinary free cortisol to ACTH-1-17 by patients with rheumatoid arthritis is circadian rhythmic. Hydrocortisone 121-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 133-137 6261044-10 1980 Prolonged ACTH treatment of fetal zone cultures results in a preferential increase in cortisol production so that the pattern of steroid synthesis becomes that of the definitive zone. Hydrocortisone 86-94 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 535586-2 1979 Serum cortisol level was determined by sulfuric acid fluorescence under resting conditions and 3 hours after ACTH injection. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 232023-2 1979 Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-induced steroidogenesis, obtained by continuous administration of ACTH for 3 days, produces in man (a) sustained elevations of plasma deoxycorticosterone and cortisol concentrations, (b) transient elevations of plasma aldosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone concentrations that return to near-control values, and (c) brisk initial increases in plasma 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone and corticosterone concentrations that fall to 20-68% of peak values 30 h thereafter. Hydrocortisone 185-193 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 232023-2 1979 Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-induced steroidogenesis, obtained by continuous administration of ACTH for 3 days, produces in man (a) sustained elevations of plasma deoxycorticosterone and cortisol concentrations, (b) transient elevations of plasma aldosterone and 18-hydroxycorticosterone concentrations that return to near-control values, and (c) brisk initial increases in plasma 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone and corticosterone concentrations that fall to 20-68% of peak values 30 h thereafter. Hydrocortisone 185-193 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 535586-9 1979 On the contrary, in children of the second group (hypertrophy without angina) the resting and ACTH stimulated serum cortisol levels were lower than in control group and these levels did not change 3-4 months after surgery. Hydrocortisone 116-124 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 156733-7 1979 Metabolites of cortisol were excreted in normal amounts and responded adequately to ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 84-88 488333-2 1979 Meanwhile bucarban enhances the synthesis of autoantibodies to endogenous insulin and ACTH to hydrocortisone and testosterone. Hydrocortisone 94-108 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 223358-1 1979 The effects of corticosterone and cortisol in concentrations attainable in the adrenal gland were studied on ACTH-induced steroidogenesis in cultured cortical cells of foetal human and rat adrenals. Hydrocortisone 34-42 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 221540-6 1979 Infusion of cortisol at constant rate (50 mg/h for 2 h) resulted in a transient, paradoxical rise in ACTH levels with a maximum at 15 min. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 101-105 221540-9 1979 Infusion of 50 mg cortisol for 5 and 15 min, respectively, produced an increase in ACTH levels, which was confined to the time when cortisol levels were rising (maximum: 137+/-30% and 139+/-10% at 5 and 15 min, respectively, mean+/-SEM). Hydrocortisone 18-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 83-87 221540-9 1979 Infusion of 50 mg cortisol for 5 and 15 min, respectively, produced an increase in ACTH levels, which was confined to the time when cortisol levels were rising (maximum: 137+/-30% and 139+/-10% at 5 and 15 min, respectively, mean+/-SEM). Hydrocortisone 132-140 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 83-87 218994-1 1979 The dynamic response of the adrenal cortex to ACTH infusion is analyzed by simulating the distribution, binding, and metabolism of cortisol and aldosterone in a multicompartmental model. Hydrocortisone 131-139 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-50 219010-3 1979 The 15- and 30-min increments in plasma cortisol levels in response to ACTH injection after pretreatment with 12 mg dexamethasone were significantly suppressed compared to values obtained after pretreatment with 2 mg dexamethasone. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 71-75 87498-0 1979 Serum cortisol levels of multiple sclerosis patients during ACTH treatment. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 219034-6 1979 There was a linear regression between the logarithm of the increments in cortisol concentrations and the decrease in ACTH levels per minute (r = 0.951) (differential or rate-sensitive feedback mechanism). Hydrocortisone 73-81 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 117-121 216206-0 1979 Changes in the plasma levels of androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol after stimulation with ACTH and hCG and suppression with dexamethasone during male puberty. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 108-112 216207-0 1979 ACTH stimulates late steps in cortisol biosynthesis. Hydrocortisone 30-38 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 212238-2 1978 The negative feedback control of ACTH secretion by the inhibitory effect of hydrocortisone was shown to be preserved although attenuated. Hydrocortisone 76-90 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 33-37 218754-7 1978 The findings may lead to a better understanding of ACTH-cortisol relationships in disease states, including congenital adrenal hyperplasia where control of excessive ACTH secretion is clinically desirable. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 51-55 218754-7 1978 The findings may lead to a better understanding of ACTH-cortisol relationships in disease states, including congenital adrenal hyperplasia where control of excessive ACTH secretion is clinically desirable. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 166-170 214357-0 1978 [Regulation of maternal and fetal adrenocortical function on placental steroid production: effect of intravenous infusion of ACTH on plasma concentrations of ACTH, cortisol, progesterone, and unconjugated estradiol and estriol during late pregnancy and labor (author"s transl)]. Hydrocortisone 164-172 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 125-129 233672-3 1978 Twelve to fourteen hours after the last hydrocortisone dose given the evening before, plasma ACTH fluctuated widely from less than 10-475 pg/ml, 17-OHP exceeded normal values and varied from 1-275 ng/ml, while testosterone ranged from 3-151 ng/100 ml. Hydrocortisone 40-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 214468-6 1978 After incubation of normal adrenal cells with increasing concentrations of ACTH (0.01-100 nM) marked differences were found between cyclic AMP formation and cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 157-165 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 75-79 214468-7 1978 However at the lowest concentrations of ACTH exerting an effect on steroid production a close linked correlation was found between protein kinase activation and cortisol production, but half-maximal and maximal cortisol production occurs at lower concentration of ACTH than was necessary to induce the same stimulation of protein kinase. Hydrocortisone 161-169 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 40-44 213826-0 1978 [Relationship between plasma levels of cortisol and corticosterone in subjects with different ACTH activity (author"s transl)]. Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 634292-1 1978 Evaluating plasma levels of cortisol and corticosterone after ACTH-stimulation, and the urinary metabolites tetrahydrocortisone and tetrahydrocortisol in asthmatic children it could be demonstrated, that in most cases there was no suppression of adrenal function following treatment over 6 to 18 months with a daily dose of 200 to 300 microgram beclomethasone dipropionate. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 62-66 206822-0 1978 [Circadian rhythm of cortisol under ACTH and dexamethasone therapy of convulsions in early childhood (BNS- and Lennox-syndrome) (author"s transl)]. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 207215-6 1978 Accordingly, from a practical and therapeutic point of view, it would be suitable, after removal of an adrenal tumour, especially of one with demonstrated ACTH-dependance, to suppress totally endogenous ACTH by cortisol or cortisone therapy, in order to reduce the occurence of corticotropin stimulation of possibly remaining malignant adrenal cells. Hydrocortisone 211-219 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 203-207 218494-1 1978 The low sensitivity of adrenocortical adenoma to ACTH, documented in vivo, and in vitro, results from decreased cAMP generation in response to ACTH while distal steps of biosynthesis of cortisol are even more active in these tumoral cells than in normal adrenocortical cells. Hydrocortisone 186-194 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 198427-2 1977 Response to ACTH in hydrocortisone treated patients and effect of 9alpha-fluorocortisol. Hydrocortisone 20-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 12-16 198654-3 1977 In contrast, in the seven adrenalectomized patients with Cushing"s disease, cortisol induced a transient paradoxical rise in ACTH levels, with a maximum at 15 minutes (347+/-99 per cent,, P less than 0.05). Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 125-129 198428-0 1977 The variations of plasma corticosterone/cortisol ratios following ACTH stimulation or dexamethasone administration in normal men. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-70 198428-3 1977 And basal corticosterone/cortisol ratio of 0.053 +/- 0.017 increased to 0.116 +/- 0.022 (P less than 0.001) after ACTH. Hydrocortisone 25-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 114-118 198428-4 1977 This might be mainly due to a larger increment of corticosterone than that of cortisol after ACTH. Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 190254-5 1977 Patients with Cushing"s disease or Nelson"s syndrome exhibited significantly greater increments in plasma ACTH concentrations in response to vasopressin administration (P less than .05, P less than .02 respectively) than did normal subjects; the increment in cortisol concentration was also greater, (P less than .05), in patients with Cushing"s disease than in normal subjects. Hydrocortisone 259-267 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 106-110 198594-8 1977 Effects of ACTH upon plasma DOC and cortisol were not inhibited by angiotenesin III analogue, but the effect of ACTH upon aldosterone was blunted slightly. Hydrocortisone 36-44 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 192408-4 1977 After hydrocortisone administration the half life of immunoreactive ACTH was 40 minutes and that of LPH 95 minutes, resulting in a reversal of the normal relation of ACTH to LPH. Hydrocortisone 6-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 68-72 192408-4 1977 After hydrocortisone administration the half life of immunoreactive ACTH was 40 minutes and that of LPH 95 minutes, resulting in a reversal of the normal relation of ACTH to LPH. Hydrocortisone 6-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 166-170 191557-4 1977 The increase in ACTH release induced by hypothalamic extract of vasopressin was reduced by corticossterone, cortisol or progesterone but not by testosterone or oestradiol, but the increase in pituitary ACTH content was not affected by any of these steroids. Hydrocortisone 108-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-20 186476-1 1976 The mechanisms of increased aldosterone and cortisol metabolic clearance rates (MCR) following ACTH or cortisol administration were studied in 13 subjects undergoing cardiac catheterization and in 9 healthy controls. Hydrocortisone 44-52 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 95-99 917575-6 1977 Further studies clearly showed that in the 8 and 9-month-old child cortisol production could very well be stimulated by synthetic ACTH, but the base line plasma aldosterone was exceedingly low and stimulation by ACTH and salt depletion was impossible. Hydrocortisone 67-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 130-134 956348-7 1976 Our data suggest that the ACTH-induced suppression of testosterone is due to an action of cortisol. Hydrocortisone 90-98 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 188963-2 1976 Cortisol, corticosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulphate all increased in the same proportions after ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 127-131 190605-1 1976 It was shown in vitro that ACTH influenced the progesterone transformation increasing corticosterone production only in those fetuses whose adrenal glands, in the absence of ACTH, transformed progesterone chiefly into hydrocortisone (8--12-week fetuses). Hydrocortisone 218-232 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 186221-2 1976 A prominent finding was the rapid stimulation of the ACTH-cortisol production in all subjects, while no consistent changes in FSH, LH, TSH, HGH or cyclic AMP were found. Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 1277426-6 1976 Synthetic ACTH stimulation of the adrenal cortex during heart-lung bypass produced a positive response (i.e., a rise in plasma cortisol greater than 7.5 mug/100 ml) in all six patients studied while the six mitral valvotomy patients had no response to synthetic ACTH administration during operation (P less than 0.01). Hydrocortisone 127-135 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 182480-3 1976 After application of 5 IU ACTH/kg body weight, there was in newborn as in 5-day-old piglets an increase in the concentration of cortisol, while an influence on the level of glucose in plasma could not be detected in 0-day-old animals. Hydrocortisone 128-136 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 182579-8 1976 These data suggest a prolonged effect of ACTH on cortisol biosynthetic pathway beyond the membrane step of cAMP generation. Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 41-45 186258-0 1976 Plasma immunoassayable ACTH levels during and after hydrocortisone infusion in patients with Cushing"s disease. Hydrocortisone 52-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 180044-9 1976 We suggest that competitive interactions in the protein binding properties of various steroids account for the selective effect of ACTH on the MCR of aldosterone, cortisol, and DOC. Hydrocortisone 163-171 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 186258-1 1976 The plasma ACTH responses to hydrocortisone infusion were compared in patients with Cushing"s disease and primary adrenocortical insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 29-43 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 186258-2 1976 In 4 patients with primary adrenocortical insufficiency, plasma ACTH levels were suppressed exponentially after administration of a relatively large dose of hydrocortisone (1.0 mg/kg/1.5 hr-3.0 mg/kg/2 hr). Hydrocortisone 157-171 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 186258-5 1976 When 0.5 mg/kg hydrocortisone was infused over a period of 1.5 hr, suppression was also delayed in Cushing"s disease, and plasma ACTH levels were less suppressed in 4 patients with Cushing"s disease than in 4 patients with primary adrenocortical insufficiency at 30 (p greater than 0.05), 45 (p greater than 0.05) 60 (p less than 0.05) min. Hydrocortisone 15-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 129-133 176855-3 1976 ACTH stimulated corticoidogenesis, particularly cortisol secretion, and markedly enhanced the incorporation of progesterone and pregnenolone into cortisol. Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 176855-6 1976 With time in culture there was a decrease in steroidogenesis as well as a steady decline in responsiveness to ACTH, mainly manifested by cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 137-145 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-114 944372-7 1976 However, two months later there was a normal rise of the cortisol level following ACTH administration. Hydrocortisone 57-65 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 946146-7 1976 The increase in the plasma cortisol levels following alpha-MSH administration generally seemed to be dose dependent, but statistically no significant differences regarding the increase in cortisol level could be detected between the 5 mg and 10 mg doses. Hydrocortisone 27-35 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-62 1262430-10 1976 ACTH administration, however, invariably stimulated aldosterone secretion, enabling us to quantify the "ACTH-related aldosterone secretion rate" from a comparison of maximal adrenal gradients of aldosterone vs cortisol. Hydrocortisone 210-218 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 104-108 173459-5 1975 ACTH stimulation in a normal subject produced marked increases of both urinary free cortisol and corticosteroid sulfates. Hydrocortisone 84-92 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 181223-7 1976 The hormonal form of ACTH appears to be an important factor regulating the cortisol/corticosterone ratio in mammalian adrenal corticoid secretion because administration of porcine ACTH to rabbits alters the adrenal secretory pattern so as to decrease corticosterone production and increase cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 181223-7 1976 The hormonal form of ACTH appears to be an important factor regulating the cortisol/corticosterone ratio in mammalian adrenal corticoid secretion because administration of porcine ACTH to rabbits alters the adrenal secretory pattern so as to decrease corticosterone production and increase cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 180-184 181223-7 1976 The hormonal form of ACTH appears to be an important factor regulating the cortisol/corticosterone ratio in mammalian adrenal corticoid secretion because administration of porcine ACTH to rabbits alters the adrenal secretory pattern so as to decrease corticosterone production and increase cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 290-298 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 181223-7 1976 The hormonal form of ACTH appears to be an important factor regulating the cortisol/corticosterone ratio in mammalian adrenal corticoid secretion because administration of porcine ACTH to rabbits alters the adrenal secretory pattern so as to decrease corticosterone production and increase cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 290-298 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 180-184 173988-7 1975 In spite of continuous ACTH treatment, the initially high hydrocortisone level decreased, gradually. Hydrocortisone 58-72 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 169285-4 1975 This potentiation phenomenon seems to concern essentially cortisol secretion since, among the compounds measured only cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol secretions increased progressively in amplitude when ACTH was administered repeatedly. Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 201-205 170731-7 1975 In spite of continuous ACTH treatment, the initially high hydrocortisone level decreased, gradually. Hydrocortisone 58-72 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 175533-2 1975 A single administration of ACTH single and long term administration of hydrocortisone was found to increase the specific activity of acid peptide-hydrolase of the soluble fraction. Hydrocortisone 71-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 169514-0 1975 [Effect of intravenous hydrocortisone in plasma ACTH level in Addison"s disease]. Hydrocortisone 23-37 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 48-52 1173303-1 1975 The effect of acute administration of human growth hormone (HGH) and of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) on plasma aldosterone, cortisol, corticosterone and growth hormone has been studied in normal man and in patients with panhypopituitarism. Hydrocortisone 144-152 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 72-108 1173303-1 1975 The effect of acute administration of human growth hormone (HGH) and of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) on plasma aldosterone, cortisol, corticosterone and growth hormone has been studied in normal man and in patients with panhypopituitarism. Hydrocortisone 144-152 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-119 4310684-2 1967 Conversion of pregnenolone and effect of ACTH on hydrocortisone synthesis]. Hydrocortisone 49-63 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 41-45 164093-2 1975 Response of oestradiol, oestrone, testosterone and cortisol to dexamethasone and ACTH administration. Hydrocortisone 51-59 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 81-85 4364154-0 1974 [Relationship between the secretion of ACTH, GH and cortisol during insulin hypoglycemia test in the normal and obese child]. Hydrocortisone 52-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 39-43 4353572-0 1973 Cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone in plasma following ACTH-stimulation during the first 6 hours of life. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 4312783-0 1970 [Passage of cortisol in unaltered and unconjugated form into the urine in central type of Cushing"s syndrome and in Addison"s disease at different levels of ACTH in the organism]. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 157-161 4296566-2 1967 Extra-adrenal effect of ACTH on cortisol metabolism]. Hydrocortisone 32-40 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 24-28 4293882-0 1966 [Changes in cortisol metabolism following depot ACTH administration in healthy children and those with salaam convulsion]. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 48-52 4286789-0 1966 [Endocrino-metabolic study of ADH-ACTH-cortisol relations in hypophysectomy for hormono-dependant cancers]. Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 34-38 4290781-0 1966 Inhibition by cortisol of ACTH release from anterior pituitary tissue in vitro. Hydrocortisone 14-22 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 14025375-0 1963 Cerebral involvement in the inhibition of ACTH secretion by hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 60-74 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 42-46 13720740-0 1961 Extra-adrenal influence of corticotropin (ACTH) on cortisol metabolism. Hydrocortisone 51-59 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 42-46 13489950-2 1957 Action of ACTH on elimination of cortisol and corticosterone catabolites]. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 14487062-0 1962 Suppression of the pituitary-ACTH response in man by administration of ACTH or cortisol. Hydrocortisone 79-87 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 13219831-0 1954 [Changes in secretion of adrenal 17-hydroxycorticosterone caused by hypophysectomy and ACTH]. Hydrocortisone 33-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 87-91 13108563-0 1953 Subdural administration of hydrocortisone in multiple sclerosis: effect of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 27-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 75-79 13374996-2 1956 Urinary elimination of cortisol, cortisone, tetrahydrocortisol and tetrahydrocortisone after administration of cortisol and ACTH in man]. Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 124-128 13091679-0 1953 [Effect of ACTH & adrenalin on hydrocorticosterone level in the human blood; mechanism of eosinopenia due to adrenalin]. Hydrocortisone 35-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 34045650-6 2021 Based on 78 variables, machine-learning methods were used in model fitting for classification and regression to predict ACTH-stimulated cortisol after surgery. Hydrocortisone 136-144 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124 13112788-0 1953 [Effect of ACTH and of hypophysectomy on adrenal secretion of 17-hydroxycorticosterone]. Hydrocortisone 62-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 34053993-1 2021 Cushing"s disease (CD), which manifests as excess cortisol secretion, is caused by adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenomas. Hydrocortisone 50-58 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 34045650-7 2021 Among the 78 variables, insulin concentration during pre-operative oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) correlated positively, and dexamethasone suppressed glucocorticoids correlated negatively with ACTH-stimulated cortisol after surgery. Hydrocortisone 213-221 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 197-201 33892329-3 2021 We therefore evaluated the effect of PCSK9i therapy on the cortisol response to ACTH in patients with LDL-c down to extremely low levels. Hydrocortisone 59-67 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 80-84 34033302-2 2021 Methods: The study included 41 adult patients with pituitary disorders and 20 healthy subjects who underwent evaluation of cortisol response to ACTH, GST, and a combination of both tests. Hydrocortisone 123-131 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 144-148 33892329-5 2021 The cortisol response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was tested after application of 250 mug ACTH. Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 54-58 33892329-5 2021 The cortisol response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was tested after application of 250 mug ACTH. Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 100-104 33892329-10 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Patients on PCSK9i therapy showed a significantly lower cortisol response to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 69-77 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 90-94 32502234-0 2021 Cortisol and Dehydroepiandrosterone Response to ACTH and Frailty in Older Women. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 48-52 32502234-4 2021 RESULTS: The peak cortisol response to ACTH could not be determined, with the highest levels at the 120 minute time point. Hydrocortisone 18-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 39-43 32502234-5 2021 Pre- and post-ACTH stimulated cortisol levels did not differ by frailty status over this time frame, with no difference in the characteristics of the dose-response curves. Hydrocortisone 30-38 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-18 32502234-7 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate a robust cortisol response to ACTH challenge testing, but inadequate negative feedback in old-old women, resulting in prolonged exposure to cortisol. Hydrocortisone 43-51 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 33369760-9 2021 Day 1 ACTH and cortisol showed a significant circadian fall between 0700h-0900h; ACTH 4.2 pmol/L (IQR 2.9-5.9) to 3.7 pmol/L (IQR 2.9-5.1) p=0.006 and cortisol 549 nmol/L (IQR 337-618) to 439 nmol/L (IQR 315-606) p<0.001, with clinically insignificant ultradian secretory pulses. Hydrocortisone 151-159 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 6-10 33906891-7 2021 Adrenocorticotropic hormone-stimulated cortisol (16.7 mcg/dL) was suboptimal favouring adrenal insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-27 33275286-8 2021 ACTH-stimulated serum cortisol, but not 11-deoxycortisol, clearly distinguished classic (<70 nmol/L) from non-classic (>160 nmol/L) disease. Hydrocortisone 22-30 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 33714002-2 2021 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) regulates adrenal cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 53-61 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-27 33714002-2 2021 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) regulates adrenal cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 53-61 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 33518458-2 2021 It is mainly, but not exclusively, caused by ectopic ACTH syndrome, and the diagnosis of severity is more accurate when is based on simultaneous evaluation of the clinical course and manifestations of the disease, cortisol levels and systematic search of comorbidities. Hydrocortisone 214-222 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 33241460-5 2021 RESULTS: During hypoglycaemic clamps, there was an elevated cortisol response in HI vs LO (median DeltaAUC 12,383 vs 4793 nmol/l x min; p = 0.050) and a significantly elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) response in HI vs LO (median DeltaAUC 437.3 vs 162.0 nmol/l x min; p = 0.021). Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 176-203 33241460-5 2021 RESULTS: During hypoglycaemic clamps, there was an elevated cortisol response in HI vs LO (median DeltaAUC 12,383 vs 4793 nmol/l x min; p = 0.050) and a significantly elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) response in HI vs LO (median DeltaAUC 437.3 vs 162.0 nmol/l x min; p = 0.021). Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 205-209 32691371-13 2021 These lesions increased after ACTH elevation following switch to modified-release hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 82-96 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 30-34 33671405-10 2021 The significant correlations obtained between ACTH and CORT (r = 0.20) and between ACTH and ALD (r = 0.32) suggest that although ACTH may have an effect both on CORT and ALD, there are other very important determinants that could be considered. Hydrocortisone 55-59 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-50 33536381-0 2021 ACTH-cortisol dissociation in patients with Kawasaki disease: a retrospective study. Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 33593393-7 2021 RESULTS: The two human studies revealed several-fold elevated plasma concentrations of the ACTH precursor POMC from the acute to the prolonged phase of sepsis and upon recovery (all p < 0.0001), coinciding with the known ACTH-cortisol dissociation. Hydrocortisone 226-234 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 33593393-7 2021 RESULTS: The two human studies revealed several-fold elevated plasma concentrations of the ACTH precursor POMC from the acute to the prolonged phase of sepsis and upon recovery (all p < 0.0001), coinciding with the known ACTH-cortisol dissociation. Hydrocortisone 226-234 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 106-110 33593393-7 2021 RESULTS: The two human studies revealed several-fold elevated plasma concentrations of the ACTH precursor POMC from the acute to the prolonged phase of sepsis and upon recovery (all p < 0.0001), coinciding with the known ACTH-cortisol dissociation. Hydrocortisone 226-234 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 221-225 33536381-11 2021 ACTH-cortisol dissociation was identified in patients with KD. Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 33536381-13 2021 ACTH-cortisol dissociation in other systemic inflammatory diseases needs further investigation. Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 33536381-1 2021 ACTH-cortisol dissociation is recognized in patients with critical illnesses. Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 33536381-2 2021 Cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 induce hypercortisolemia by enhancing the ACTH-independent synthesis and secretion of cortisol and by reducing cortisol breakdown. Hydrocortisone 79-87 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 33536381-2 2021 Cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 induce hypercortisolemia by enhancing the ACTH-independent synthesis and secretion of cortisol and by reducing cortisol breakdown. Hydrocortisone 153-161 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 33536381-4 2021 ACTH-cortisol dissociation in patients with systemic inflammatory diseases has not been reported. Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 33037658-6 2021 In 4 patients, changes in ACTH were delayed relative to those in cortisol: when serum cortisol levels fell below the reference range, plasma ACTH levels were still normal. Hydrocortisone 86-94 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 32151296-3 2021 We hypothesized that OB pregnancies would show increased placental 11beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11beta-HSD2) that converts maternal cortisol to fetal cortisone as it crosses the placenta and increased 11beta-HSD system components responsible for peripheral tissue cortisol production, providing a mechanism for ACTH-independent increase in circulating fetal cortisol. Hydrocortisone 142-150 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 321-325 33108675-0 2021 ACTH following overnight dexamethasone suppression can be used in the verification of autonomous cortisol secretion in patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Hydrocortisone 97-105 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 33644621-0 2021 Adrenal Vein Cortisol to Metanephrine Ratio for Localizing ACTH-Independent Cortisol-Producing Adenoma: A Case Report. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 33644621-0 2021 Adrenal Vein Cortisol to Metanephrine Ratio for Localizing ACTH-Independent Cortisol-Producing Adenoma: A Case Report. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 33644621-1 2021 Context: Finding the source of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent cortisol-producing adenoma in the patients with subclinical Cushing syndrome (SCS) and bilateral adrenal nodules is sometimes challenging. Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 31-58 33644621-1 2021 Context: Finding the source of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent cortisol-producing adenoma in the patients with subclinical Cushing syndrome (SCS) and bilateral adrenal nodules is sometimes challenging. Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 33644621-7 2021 Paraclinical investigations revealed that she had an ACTH-independent cortisol-producing adenoma and her CT scan showed bilateral adrenal nodules. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 33644621-10 2021 Conclusion: There is a possibility of co-secretion of other steroids accompanied with cortisol in the setting of ACTH-independent SCS. Hydrocortisone 86-94 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 33542844-9 2021 Although the patient reported good mental and physical performance further on, the cortisol response in ACTH testing showed tiny incremental rises of the stimulated serum cortisol, but to reach a formally normal level, it took about five years. Hydrocortisone 83-91 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 104-108 33542844-9 2021 Although the patient reported good mental and physical performance further on, the cortisol response in ACTH testing showed tiny incremental rises of the stimulated serum cortisol, but to reach a formally normal level, it took about five years. Hydrocortisone 171-179 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 104-108 33413271-4 2021 Laboratory tests revealed hyperglycemia, metabolic alkalosis, severe hypokalemia, and chemical evidence of an ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism as morning serum cortisol of 57 mug /dL without suppression after 8 mg dexamethasone suppression test, serum ACTH level of 256 pg/mL, and urine free cortisol of > 1000 mug /24 h. Imaging showed only bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, without evidence of pituitary adenoma or ectopic ACTH producing tumors. Hydrocortisone 159-167 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-114 33718604-6 2021 ACTH hypersecretion was diagnosed by testing for random ACTH, cortisol, and 24-hour urine aldosterone and cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 62-70 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 33718604-6 2021 ACTH hypersecretion was diagnosed by testing for random ACTH, cortisol, and 24-hour urine aldosterone and cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 106-114 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 33413271-4 2021 Laboratory tests revealed hyperglycemia, metabolic alkalosis, severe hypokalemia, and chemical evidence of an ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism as morning serum cortisol of 57 mug /dL without suppression after 8 mg dexamethasone suppression test, serum ACTH level of 256 pg/mL, and urine free cortisol of > 1000 mug /24 h. Imaging showed only bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, without evidence of pituitary adenoma or ectopic ACTH producing tumors. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-114 33413271-4 2021 Laboratory tests revealed hyperglycemia, metabolic alkalosis, severe hypokalemia, and chemical evidence of an ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism as morning serum cortisol of 57 mug /dL without suppression after 8 mg dexamethasone suppression test, serum ACTH level of 256 pg/mL, and urine free cortisol of > 1000 mug /24 h. Imaging showed only bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, without evidence of pituitary adenoma or ectopic ACTH producing tumors. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 251-255 32915435-5 2021 Autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) was diagnosed in the presence of cortisol after 1 mg DST > 5 mug/dl (138 nmol/l) or >1.8 and <=5 mug/dl (50-138 nmol/l) and at least one of the following: (i) low ACTH; (ii) increased 24-h urinary-free cortisol; (iii) absence of cortisol rhythm; and (iv) post-LDDST cortisol level > 1.8 mug/dl (50 nmol/l). Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 199-203 33413271-4 2021 Laboratory tests revealed hyperglycemia, metabolic alkalosis, severe hypokalemia, and chemical evidence of an ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism as morning serum cortisol of 57 mug /dL without suppression after 8 mg dexamethasone suppression test, serum ACTH level of 256 pg/mL, and urine free cortisol of > 1000 mug /24 h. Imaging showed only bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, without evidence of pituitary adenoma or ectopic ACTH producing tumors. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 251-255 33543156-6 2021 Low cortisol levels may reflect adrenal insufficiency due to either adrenal failure, where adrenocorticotropic hormone levels will be elevated, or secondary to hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction resulting from structural lesions or, increasingly, prescribed exogenous synthetic glucocorticoids and nonconventional therapies. Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-118 33000146-6 2021 MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Positive response was defined as >50% renin or ACTH-independent increase of plasma aldosterone/cortisol concentration following the various stimulation tests. Hydrocortisone 118-126 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 70-74 33481366-1 2020 Cushing"s disease (CD) is a multisystem disorder of a cortisol excess caused by ACTH -secreting pituitary tumor (corticotropinoma). Hydrocortisone 54-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 80-84 32662067-0 2020 Long acting porcine acth stimulated salivary cortisol in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 45-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 20-24 32662067-11 2020 CONCLUSION: Salivary cortisol estimation following stimulation using intramuscular porcine ACTH (30 units) is an economical and accurate alternative to SST in the diagnosis of AI and its level of 30 nmol/L or more at 2 hours confirms adrenal sufficiency. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 33447578-4 2020 Most patients with ACTH dependent Cushing"s syndrome have a pituitary microadenoma; in the remaining cases (30%), the high level of cortisol is linked to an ectopic secretion of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 132-140 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 19-23 33447578-4 2020 Most patients with ACTH dependent Cushing"s syndrome have a pituitary microadenoma; in the remaining cases (30%), the high level of cortisol is linked to an ectopic secretion of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 132-140 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 178-182 33244366-2 2020 Within the HPA axis, corticotropin-releasing hormone and vasopressin (AVP) synergistically stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone, which promotes cortisol release. Hydrocortisone 160-168 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 116-143 32901267-0 2020 Evaluating the Low-Dose ACTH Stimulation Test in Neonates: Ideal Times for Cortisol Measurement. Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 24-28 33237923-3 2020 It increases the mortality of affected patients thus finding and removal of the ACTH-producing source allows for curing or reduction of symptoms and serum cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 155-163 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 80-84 25905340-5 2000 ACTH is the primary hormone controlling cortisol production from the adrenals, and is a peptide hormone derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 32818260-1 2020 CONTEXT: The human corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test (hCRHtest) is used to differentiate Cushing disease (CD) from ectopic adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion (EAS), to assess autonomous cortisol secretion by the adrenal glands, and to characterize pseudo-Cushing syndrome (CS) or adrenal insufficiency (AI). Hydrocortisone 197-205 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 153-157 32855024-6 2020 The level of 8 AM serum beta-endorphin rose with increased numbers of criteria met for addiction to SB from 130.31 (+-88.16) (>= 3 criteria met for addiction to SB) to 174.84 (+-114.93) (>= 6 criteria met for addiction to SB) whereas serum ACTH and cortisol did not change. Hydrocortisone 249-257 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 24-38 32742359-4 2020 The hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland to produce adrenocorticotropic hormone, which stimulates cortisol production from the adrenal gland. Hydrocortisone 105-113 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-86 33002589-1 2020 Cortisol-producing adrenocortical adenomas (CPAs) are associated with ACTH-independent Cushing"s syndrome and histologically composed of two cellular subtypes: compact (lipid-poor) and clear (lipid-rich) tumor cells. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 70-74 32785897-8 2020 CONCLUSIONS: Once-daily oral therapeutic administration of hydrocortisone for 5 days altered adrenal DHEA secretion by inhibiting pituitary ACTH, but this effect seemed transient without significant impairment of basal adrenal or pituitary function 24 h after administration. Hydrocortisone 59-73 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 32594169-8 2020 RESULTS: Using thresholds of a cortisol increase > 17% with ACTH increase > 37% during the CRH test; and cortisol increase > 18% with ACTH increase > 33% during the desmopressin test, the combination of both tests gave 73% sensitivity and 98% PPV of CD. Hydrocortisone 31-39 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 32594169-8 2020 RESULTS: Using thresholds of a cortisol increase > 17% with ACTH increase > 37% during the CRH test; and cortisol increase > 18% with ACTH increase > 33% during the desmopressin test, the combination of both tests gave 73% sensitivity and 98% PPV of CD. Hydrocortisone 105-113 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 134-138 33240015-9 2020 Results: The effect of adrenocorticotropin/cortisol ratio on the PASI group was OR 3.621 (95% confidence limits 1.217-10.775) for a 0.1 change in ratio (p = 0.02), meaning ACTH/cortisol ratio positively correlates with psoriasis severity. Hydrocortisone 43-51 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-42 33240015-9 2020 Results: The effect of adrenocorticotropin/cortisol ratio on the PASI group was OR 3.621 (95% confidence limits 1.217-10.775) for a 0.1 change in ratio (p = 0.02), meaning ACTH/cortisol ratio positively correlates with psoriasis severity. Hydrocortisone 43-51 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 172-176 33240015-9 2020 Results: The effect of adrenocorticotropin/cortisol ratio on the PASI group was OR 3.621 (95% confidence limits 1.217-10.775) for a 0.1 change in ratio (p = 0.02), meaning ACTH/cortisol ratio positively correlates with psoriasis severity. Hydrocortisone 177-185 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-42 33240015-9 2020 Results: The effect of adrenocorticotropin/cortisol ratio on the PASI group was OR 3.621 (95% confidence limits 1.217-10.775) for a 0.1 change in ratio (p = 0.02), meaning ACTH/cortisol ratio positively correlates with psoriasis severity. Hydrocortisone 177-185 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 172-176 32988141-9 2020 The level of 24 hour urine free cortisol in normal/high ACTH level group was lower than the suppressed ACTH group [(1 299+-511) nmol/24 h vs (1 972+-876) nmol/24 h, P=0.04]. Hydrocortisone 32-40 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 56-60 32988143-9 2020 The derangement of ACTH-cortisol axis was more obvious in CS patients compared to SCS patients. Hydrocortisone 24-32 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 19-23 6254362-7 1980 However, the androstenedione levels and androstenedione/cortisol ratios in response to ACTH were significantly higher in the five CAH patients than in both the normal and hirsute women. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 87-91 32821615-3 2020 Laboratory workup revealed a low ACTH with low baseline cortisol and normal levels of rest of the anterior pituitary hormones. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 33-37 32907308-3 2020 Therefore, this study measured the morning basal as well as adrenocorticotropic hormone-stimulated salivary cortisol levels in mechanically ventilated patients and compared the results with non-critically ill patients. Hydrocortisone 108-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-87 25905342-11 2000 Type 1 familial glucocorticoid deficiency is the result of mutations of the MC2 receptor itself.ACTH stimulates cortisol synthesis and secretion by regulating multiple steps in the steroidogenetic pathway including an increase of the number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors and the cleavage of the side-chain of cholesterol converting it to pregnenolone, the first and rate-limiting step in cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 112-120 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 96-100 32236441-9 2020 CONCLUSION: Diabetes insipidus is associated with increased responsiveness of ACTH/cortisol to arginine. Hydrocortisone 83-91 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 78-82 32492678-7 2021 Moreover, a second day cortisol <=3.2 microg/dL (89 nmol/L) was able to diagnose adrenal insufficiency in 100% of cases (Se 22.2%, Sp 100%) and >14 microg/dL (386 nmol/L) was able to exclude ACTH deficiency (Se 100%, Sp 57.4%). Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 191-195 32524029-12 2020 On short adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test, baseline plasma cortisol was 123 nmol/L and the peak was 129 nmol/L. Hydrocortisone 71-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 9-36 32480373-11 2020 However, ACTH immunostaining evaluated with AbACTH-1 showed a significant correlation with 24-hour urinary cortisol (24-hour cortisol vs AbACTH-1, p = 0.047; 24-hour cortisol vs AbACTH-2, p = 0.071). Hydrocortisone 107-115 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 9-13 32480373-11 2020 However, ACTH immunostaining evaluated with AbACTH-1 showed a significant correlation with 24-hour urinary cortisol (24-hour cortisol vs AbACTH-1, p = 0.047; 24-hour cortisol vs AbACTH-2, p = 0.071). Hydrocortisone 125-133 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 9-13 32480373-11 2020 However, ACTH immunostaining evaluated with AbACTH-1 showed a significant correlation with 24-hour urinary cortisol (24-hour cortisol vs AbACTH-1, p = 0.047; 24-hour cortisol vs AbACTH-2, p = 0.071). Hydrocortisone 125-133 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 9-13 32393232-4 2020 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent CS was diagnosed based on undetectable ACTH and unsuppressed cortisol levels by dexamethasone. Hydrocortisone 108-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-27 32393232-4 2020 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent CS was diagnosed based on undetectable ACTH and unsuppressed cortisol levels by dexamethasone. Hydrocortisone 108-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 32636884-11 2020 A small dip in ACTH and cortisol (mean ACTH, 23.84 pg/mL; mean cortisol, 2.3 mug/dL) was observed after 24 - 36 hours indicating the return of the diurnal rhythm before complete recovery. Hydrocortisone 24-32 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 39-43 31738827-13 2020 The reduced ACTH and increase in nonpulsatile cortisol secretion imply that the secretion of cortisol is driven by factors outside the HPA axis in critical illness. Hydrocortisone 93-101 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 12-16 32611903-1 2020 Cushing"s disease is caused by a pituitary tumor causing increased production of adrenocorticotropic hormone, which leads to chronic hypersecretion of cortisol through adrenal cortices. Hydrocortisone 151-159 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 81-108 32636884-11 2020 A small dip in ACTH and cortisol (mean ACTH, 23.84 pg/mL; mean cortisol, 2.3 mug/dL) was observed after 24 - 36 hours indicating the return of the diurnal rhythm before complete recovery. Hydrocortisone 63-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 32636884-13 2020 ACTH begins to recover as early as 8 hours after the maximal suppression and diurnal rhythm of ACTH and cortisol resume 24 to 36 hours later. Hydrocortisone 104-112 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 31801917-7 2020 A high ratio of circulating ACTH to cortisol was found in the two cases. Hydrocortisone 36-44 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 28-32 31999619-10 2020 The ideal treatment is complete excision of the ACTH-secreting tumor that can be performed rapidly or after preoperative preparation using cortisol-lowering drugs. Hydrocortisone 139-147 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 48-52 31853555-6 2020 RESULTS: Within an interlinked hormonal axis, ACTH and cortisol were positively correlated with a mean (95% confidence interval) correlation coefficient of 0.78 (0.74-0.81) with cortisol following ACTH concentrations with a delay of 10 minutes. Hydrocortisone 55-63 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 197-201 31853555-6 2020 RESULTS: Within an interlinked hormonal axis, ACTH and cortisol were positively correlated with a mean (95% confidence interval) correlation coefficient of 0.78 (0.74-0.81) with cortisol following ACTH concentrations with a delay of 10 minutes. Hydrocortisone 178-186 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-50 31853555-6 2020 RESULTS: Within an interlinked hormonal axis, ACTH and cortisol were positively correlated with a mean (95% confidence interval) correlation coefficient of 0.78 (0.74-0.81) with cortisol following ACTH concentrations with a delay of 10 minutes. Hydrocortisone 178-186 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 197-201 31399330-9 2019 A delta serum cortisol < 250 nmol/L after ACTH was found in only 4 patients who showed elevated baseline cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 14-22 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 45-49 31461355-6 2020 Results: A subnormal cortisol response to ACTH was found in 25.8% of the test group. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 42-46 31713058-1 2020 PURPOSE: Increased systemic cortisol availability during adult critical illness is determined by reduced binding-proteins and suppressed breakdown rather than elevated ACTH. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 168-172 32456579-6 2020 An ACTH-independent cushing syndrome was diagnosed by 24-hour urines collection, 1-mg dexamethasone supression test, and midnight-cortisol measurement. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 3-7 31765327-1 2019 Summary: ACTH-secreting pheochromocytoma is a very rare cause of Cushing"s syndrome, with a high morbidity and mortality risk due to both cortisol and catecholamines excess. Hydrocortisone 138-146 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 9-13 31803112-1 2019 Cortisol reactivity to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) has been associated with neuropsychological processes including attention and memory in children with asthma. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-50 31587547-13 2019 The kynurenine and kynurenic acid were associated with ACTH (positively) and cortisol/ACTH (negatively). Hydrocortisone 77-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 32392298-11 2020 None had a normal cosyntropin response, but peak cortisol strongly correlated with unstimulated cortisol (r=0.989, p<0.001) and plasma ACTH (r=-0.487, p<0.001). Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 135-139 31921440-8 2020 Laboratory data revealed a low serum cortisol level (0.92 mug/dL) with inappropriately low ACTH (8.3 pg/mL), hyponatremia (122 mmol/L) and hypoglycemia (68 mg/dL). Hydrocortisone 37-45 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 31921440-9 2020 Standard-dose short ACTH testing showed an unsatisfactory cortisol response, indicating adrenal insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 20-24 31217401-7 2019 A rapid ACTH stimulation test showed slightly reduced response of cortisol to exogenous ACTH (1-24). Hydrocortisone 66-74 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 8-12 31217401-7 2019 A rapid ACTH stimulation test showed slightly reduced response of cortisol to exogenous ACTH (1-24). Hydrocortisone 66-74 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 88-92 31399330-10 2019 CONCLUSION: We found that reduced baseline and post-ACTH cortisol levels are uncommon in our samples. Hydrocortisone 57-65 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 52-56 31219559-0 2019 Evaluating the Low-Dose ACTH Stimulation Test in Children: Ideal Times for Cortisol Measurement. Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 24-28 32377244-5 2019 A low-dose ACTH stimulation test was performed in patients with basal cortisol levels below 18 microg/dL. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 31135894-0 2019 The Low-Dose ACTH Test: Usefulness of Combined Analysis of Serum and Salivary Maximum Cortisol Response in Pediatrics. Hydrocortisone 86-94 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 30427776-1 2019 Background Central adrenal insufficiency (CAI) is characterized by impaired adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion because of a disease or injury to the hypothalamus or the pituitary, leading to a reduced cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 203-211 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 97-101 30623304-8 2019 CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that, in chronic SCI patients with NP, basal cortisol levels are relatively higher compared to healthy controls, and that HPA axis can be activated with low- and standard-dose ACTH stimulation tests. Hydrocortisone 82-90 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 213-217 31272482-2 2019 Untreated - and also sometimes under adequate hydrocortisone replacement therapy - the levels of ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and MSH (Melanocyte stimulating hormone) are elevated. Hydrocortisone 46-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 97-101 31272482-2 2019 Untreated - and also sometimes under adequate hydrocortisone replacement therapy - the levels of ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and MSH (Melanocyte stimulating hormone) are elevated. Hydrocortisone 46-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 103-130 31272482-2 2019 Untreated - and also sometimes under adequate hydrocortisone replacement therapy - the levels of ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and MSH (Melanocyte stimulating hormone) are elevated. Hydrocortisone 46-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 136-139 31272482-2 2019 Untreated - and also sometimes under adequate hydrocortisone replacement therapy - the levels of ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and MSH (Melanocyte stimulating hormone) are elevated. Hydrocortisone 46-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 141-171 31272482-6 2019 Novel dual-release hydrocortisone therapy results in lower ACTH (and most probably lower alpha-MSH) levels due to the more physiological mode of hydrocortisone release. Hydrocortisone 19-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 31272482-6 2019 Novel dual-release hydrocortisone therapy results in lower ACTH (and most probably lower alpha-MSH) levels due to the more physiological mode of hydrocortisone release. Hydrocortisone 19-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 89-98 31272482-6 2019 Novel dual-release hydrocortisone therapy results in lower ACTH (and most probably lower alpha-MSH) levels due to the more physiological mode of hydrocortisone release. Hydrocortisone 145-159 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 31272482-6 2019 Novel dual-release hydrocortisone therapy results in lower ACTH (and most probably lower alpha-MSH) levels due to the more physiological mode of hydrocortisone release. Hydrocortisone 145-159 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 89-98 30944263-2 2019 A rapid ACTH stimulation test revealed a suboptimal response, whereas a prolonged ACTH simulation test showed a sufficient increase in her urinary free cortisol. Hydrocortisone 152-160 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 31164167-9 2019 The subsequent evidence of low plasmatic and urinary cortisol and increased ACTH required the start of Hydrocortisone replacement therapy and it defined a clinical picture of adrenal insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 103-117 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 76-80 30855285-5 2019 RECENT FINDINGS: The ACTH stimulation test is commonly performed in patients suspected of having adrenal insufficiency when the basal serum cortisol levels are inconclusive. Hydrocortisone 140-148 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 31019814-4 2019 She also presented biochemical evidence of ACTH-independent cortisol production without overt Cushing syndrome. Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 43-47 30897530-8 2019 The ACTH/Cortisol-ratio indicated that testosterone attenuated sensitivity for ACTH at the adrenal level in transmen. Hydrocortisone 9-17 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 79-83 31183355-9 2019 SCLC-associated diabetes was related to EAS, which was an endogenous ACTH-dependent form of Cushing"s syndrome with elevated ACTH and cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 134-142 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 69-73 30952111-12 2019 The ACTH-suppressive effect was more pronounced after parenteral hydrocortisone compared to rectal or vaginal PN. Hydrocortisone 65-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 4-8 31137738-11 2019 The correlation analysis between biomarkers showed a positive correlation with moderate strength between serum and saliva cortisol (r = 0.516, p = 0.01),as well as serum and saliva cortisol with ACTH (r = 0.418; r = 0.412, p = 0.01) and HbA1C (r = 0.382; r = 0.395, p = 0.01). Hydrocortisone 181-189 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 195-199 30561712-9 2019 After the sixth remission of a hypercortisolemic phase, she took 25 mg of hydrocortisone for 4 weeks and developed ACTH-dependent hypercortisolemia. Hydrocortisone 74-88 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 115-119 30679413-5 2019 During her second course of ipilimumab treatment, she developed acute adrenal insufficiency caused by isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency, which required treatment with oral hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 193-207 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 111-138 30679413-5 2019 During her second course of ipilimumab treatment, she developed acute adrenal insufficiency caused by isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency, which required treatment with oral hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 193-207 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 30259310-7 2019 Postoperative ACTH levels correlated negatively with preoperative Dexamethasone-suppressed cortisol concentrations in both groups. Hydrocortisone 91-99 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-18 30884492-0 2019 Fast Feedback Inhibition of ACTH Secretion by Endogenous Cortisol in Humans. Hydrocortisone 57-65 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 28-32 31851964-7 2019 Multivariable regression models were used to evaluate associations among covariates on two outcomes: morning cortisol levels and peak cortisol values with ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 134-142 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 155-159 31851964-11 2019 Sex was predictive of serum morning cortisol levels (p = 0.015), and morning cortisol levels were predictive of peak cortisol levels during ACTH stimulation testing (p < 0.001). Hydrocortisone 77-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 31851964-11 2019 Sex was predictive of serum morning cortisol levels (p = 0.015), and morning cortisol levels were predictive of peak cortisol levels during ACTH stimulation testing (p < 0.001). Hydrocortisone 77-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 29968225-0 2018 Perioperative serum cortisol levels in ACTH sufficient and ACTH deficient patients during transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenoma. Hydrocortisone 20-28 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 39-43 31390632-3 2019 Decreased cortisol levels result in an increased ACTH release, which can lead to increased mineralocorticoid levels. Hydrocortisone 10-18 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 30414423-1 2018 OBJECTIVE: Elevated midnight cortisol levels induced by non-suppressed ACTH levels may lead to false-positive results for hypercortisolism in patients with adrenal incidentaloma. Hydrocortisone 29-37 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 71-75 30414423-2 2018 We investigated whether plasma ACTH-associated high midnight serum cortisol levels are correlated with other endocrinological findings with respect to hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal function or hypercortisolism status. Hydrocortisone 67-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 31-35 25905276-3 2000 In cases of endogenous hypercortisolemia adrenal suppression develops after the removal of a functional adrenal tumor secreting cortisol, or following successful removal of ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma or other sources of ectopic ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 173-177 25905276-3 2000 In cases of endogenous hypercortisolemia adrenal suppression develops after the removal of a functional adrenal tumor secreting cortisol, or following successful removal of ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma or other sources of ectopic ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 234-238 29968225-0 2018 Perioperative serum cortisol levels in ACTH sufficient and ACTH deficient patients during transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenoma. Hydrocortisone 20-28 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 29968225-4 2018 Patients with ACTH deficiency received intravenous HC of 100 mg in the morning before surgery (n = 4) with the additional 50 mg for an afternoon operation (n = 2). Hydrocortisone 51-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-18 29968225-7 2018 RESULTS: Among 7 patients with normal ACTH function without HC substitution, cortisol levels before surgery were 126-244 nmol/L, among the 4 patients undergoing surgery in the morning, whereas the 3 who underwent surgery in the afternoon had lower levels, 38-76 nmol/L. Hydrocortisone 77-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 38-42 29968225-10 2018 Also, in the 4 ACTH sufficient patients receiving HC, cortisol levels decreased during nose/sinus surgery, but only with a slight increase during intrasellar surgery. Hydrocortisone 54-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 29968225-12 2018 CONCLUSIONS: Patients with normal ACTH function without HC substitution had very low cortisol levels during the first part of surgery, likely suppressed by the anesthetics. Hydrocortisone 85-93 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 34-38 30111479-16 2018 After treatment with hydrocortisone for 2 months, blood pressure returned to normal and the level of adrenocorticotropic hormone was reduced. Hydrocortisone 21-35 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 101-128 29750931-9 2018 On multivariable analysis, adrenal response to the ACTH test was a significant independent predictor of hemodynamic instability at 48 hours after surgery (odds ratio 1.06 [95% confidence interval: 1.02 to 1.11] per 10 nmol/L cortisol decrease; p = 0.002). Hydrocortisone 225-233 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 51-55 29353394-7 2018 Peak cortisol levels were higher in children with normal ACTH responses than in those with subnormal ACTH responses (25.6 +- 6.2 vs. 19.5 +- 6.4 microg/dL, p = 0.054), but the difference observed was statistically insignificant. Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 57-61 29353394-7 2018 Peak cortisol levels were higher in children with normal ACTH responses than in those with subnormal ACTH responses (25.6 +- 6.2 vs. 19.5 +- 6.4 microg/dL, p = 0.054), but the difference observed was statistically insignificant. Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 101-105 29858850-1 2018 Congenital isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency (IAD) is a rarely seen disease characterized by low serum ACTH and cortisol levels accompanied by normal levels of the other anterior pituitary hormones. Hydrocortisone 133-141 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 29760304-1 2018 In ectopic ACTH-secreting pheochromocytoma, combined ACTH-driven hypercortisolemia and hypercatecholaminemia are serious conditions, which can be fatal if not diagnosed and managed appropriately, especially when glucocorticoid-driven positive feedback is suggested with a high ACTH/cortisol ratio. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 29760304-1 2018 In ectopic ACTH-secreting pheochromocytoma, combined ACTH-driven hypercortisolemia and hypercatecholaminemia are serious conditions, which can be fatal if not diagnosed and managed appropriately, especially when glucocorticoid-driven positive feedback is suggested with a high ACTH/cortisol ratio. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 29760304-1 2018 In ectopic ACTH-secreting pheochromocytoma, combined ACTH-driven hypercortisolemia and hypercatecholaminemia are serious conditions, which can be fatal if not diagnosed and managed appropriately, especially when glucocorticoid-driven positive feedback is suggested with a high ACTH/cortisol ratio. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 29760304-4 2018 Moreover, his ACTH/cortisol ratio and catecholamine levels were extremely high, suggesting catecholamine-dominant ACTH-secreting pheochromocytoma. Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 114-118 28750490-7 2018 However, in spite of few clinical data, the use of dual release hydrocortisone can be extremely favorable in ACTH deficiency, which is associated with an increase of overall and cardiovascular mortality, also due to the risk of overtreatment. Hydrocortisone 64-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 29429410-14 2018 The presence of cortisol in fetal adrenals suggests that adrenal regulation of circulating fetal ACTH remains a factor in development of congenital adrenal hyperplasia during the second trimester, while a relative lack of aldosterone explains the salt-wasting disorders frequently seen in extreme pre-term neonates. Hydrocortisone 16-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 97-101 29472379-5 2018 This makes desmopressin administration a suitable test enabling the distinction between neoplastic from functional (formerly termed "pseudo-Cushing syndrome") ACTH-dependent cortisol excess. Hydrocortisone 174-182 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 159-163 29685132-4 2018 ACTH-independent CS was diagnosed based on undetectable ACTH and unsuppressed cortisol levels by dexamethasone. Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 29587720-4 2018 CASE PRESENTATION: A 71-year-old female with general fatigue, central obesity and impaired glucose tolerance was diagnosed with Cushing"s syndrome due to elevated ACTH (192.9 pg/mL; normal range, 7.2-63.3 pg/mL), cortisol (73.1 mug/dL; 6.4-21.0 mug/dL) and 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC) (6160 mug/day; 11.2-80.3 mug/day) levels. Hydrocortisone 213-221 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 163-167 29587720-4 2018 CASE PRESENTATION: A 71-year-old female with general fatigue, central obesity and impaired glucose tolerance was diagnosed with Cushing"s syndrome due to elevated ACTH (192.9 pg/mL; normal range, 7.2-63.3 pg/mL), cortisol (73.1 mug/dL; 6.4-21.0 mug/dL) and 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC) (6160 mug/day; 11.2-80.3 mug/day) levels. Hydrocortisone 275-283 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 163-167 29144801-11 2018 ABBREVIATIONS: ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone AUC = area under the curve CRH = corticotropin-releasing hormone CS = Cushing syndrome ECLIA = electrochemiluminescence immuno-assay LDDST = low-dose dexamethasone suppression test LNPC = late-night plasma cortisol LNSC = late-night salivary cortisol ONDST = overnight dexamethasone suppression test RIA = radio-immuno assay UFC = urinary free cortisol. Hydrocortisone 256-264 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 29144801-11 2018 ABBREVIATIONS: ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone AUC = area under the curve CRH = corticotropin-releasing hormone CS = Cushing syndrome ECLIA = electrochemiluminescence immuno-assay LDDST = low-dose dexamethasone suppression test LNPC = late-night plasma cortisol LNSC = late-night salivary cortisol ONDST = overnight dexamethasone suppression test RIA = radio-immuno assay UFC = urinary free cortisol. Hydrocortisone 292-300 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 29038331-7 2017 We show that increased cortisol serum levels secondary to ACTH stimulation or hydrocortisone administration are positively associated with plasma ghrelin levels, whereas central stimulation of the HPA axis by blocking cortisol synthesis with metyrapone is associated with decreased plasma ghrelin levels. Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 29266420-4 2018 Compared to METH-HIV- men, METH + HIV+ MSM displayed 10% higher log10 cortisol levels per standard deviation lower ACTH. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 115-119 29266420-6 2018 However, the disaggregated functional relationship between ACTH and cortisol in METH + HIV+ MSM was independent of these factors. Hydrocortisone 68-76 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 28931176-8 2018 A cortisol/ACTH ratio at 0:00 cut-off of 32.18 nM/pM showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 39.1%. Hydrocortisone 2-10 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 28931176-11 2018 The cortisol/ACTH ratio is significantly correlated with serum cortisol after the 1-mg DST. Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 28931176-11 2018 The cortisol/ACTH ratio is significantly correlated with serum cortisol after the 1-mg DST. Hydrocortisone 63-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 29694951-4 2018 In contrast, ACTH levels increased after cessation of hydrocortisone treatment suggesting complete primary adrenal cortex failure. Hydrocortisone 54-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 28590513-0 2017 Diagnostic accuracy of increased urinary cortisol/cortisone ratio to differentiate ACTH-dependent Cushing"s syndrome. Hydrocortisone 41-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 83-87 28453740-9 2017 Conclusions: Acute moderate mixed exercise in healthy men rapidly enhances feedforward LH-T and ACTH-cortisol coordination and reciprocal feedback within the gonadotropic and corticotropic axes. Hydrocortisone 101-109 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 96-100 28614010-10 2017 CONCLUSION: Basal cortisol levels <=100 and >=450 nmol/L were found in almost half of patients tested for possible AI and had high diagnostic accuracy, abolishing the need for formal ACTH testing. Hydrocortisone 18-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 189-193 28453740-10 2017 In principle, enhancement of both LH-T and ACTH-cortisol secretory synchrony by exercise could reflect augmented coupling between brain-testicular and brain-adrenal neural outflow. Hydrocortisone 48-56 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 43-47 27380651-4 2017 The low adrenal cortisol levels associated with CAH affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal negative feedback system leading to increased pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production, which overstimulates the adrenal cortex in an attempt to increase cortisol production resulting in a hyperplastic adrenal cortex. Hydrocortisone 16-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 151-178 28471529-9 2017 In prepubertal girls with PCDH19-FE, by challenging adrenal function with ACTH we disclosed defects in the production of cortisol, pregnenolone sulfate, and 17OH-progesterone, which were not apparent in basal condition. Hydrocortisone 121-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 74-78 28167369-11 2017 CONCLUSIONS: The association between increased copeptin with ACTH and cortisol release suggests a potential mechanistic interaction of the AVP system with HPA activation in human obesity. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 61-65 27871026-10 2017 As expected, we found a positive correlation between plasma ACTH and cortisol levels (r=0.57, p=0.001). Hydrocortisone 69-77 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 28680643-9 2017 This could be the cause of a preserved pituitary response to dexamethasone and CRH.Clinical features of ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism with rapid development of Cushing"s syndrome, hyperpigmentation, high circulating levels of cortisol with associated hypokalemia, peripheral edema and proximal myopathy should be a warning flag of ectopic Cushing"s syndrome and lead to further investigations. Hydrocortisone 124-132 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 104-108 27380651-4 2017 The low adrenal cortisol levels associated with CAH affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal negative feedback system leading to increased pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production, which overstimulates the adrenal cortex in an attempt to increase cortisol production resulting in a hyperplastic adrenal cortex. Hydrocortisone 16-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 180-184 27935805-6 2016 Direct and indirect inhibitors of E2F1 activity suppressed hPOMC gene expression and ACTH by modifying E2F1 DNA-binding activity in ectopic Cushing"s cell lines and primary tumor cells, and also suppressed paraneoplastic ACTH and cortisol levels in xenografted mice. Hydrocortisone 230-238 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-64 28210018-8 2016 The value of cortisol was the predictor of value of ACTH (r=0.427). Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 52-56 28210018-10 2016 There is significant relation between values of cortisol and ACTH. Hydrocortisone 48-56 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 61-65 27031591-2 2016 In a pilot study in healthy male volunteers we measured ACTH every twenty minutes in serial CSF for three hours after an intravenous placebo, hydrocortisone (100mg) or insulin (2mg/kg) injection. Hydrocortisone 142-156 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 56-60 27548106-2 2016 OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to test (the clinical hypothesis) that glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptor-selective mechanisms differentially govern pulsatile cortisol-dependent negative feedback on ACTH output (by the hypothalamo-pituitary unit) in men and women studied under experimentally defined T and estradiol depletion and repletion, respectively. Hydrocortisone 190-198 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 230-234 27548106-8 2016 RESULTS: Infusion of cortisol (but not saline) pulses diminished ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 27350721-5 2016 Cut-off values in basal and peak cortisol levels after the rapid ACTH or CRH tests are proposed based on the assumption that a peak cortisol level >=18 mug/dL in the insulin tolerance test indicates normal adrenal function. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 27660747-1 2016 Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which the adrenal cortex fails to respond appropriately to stimulation by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to produce cortisol. Hydrocortisone 203-211 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 186-190 27857051-0 2016 Elevation of the ACTH/cortisol ratio in female opioid dependent patients: A biomarker of aging and correlate of metabolic and immune activation. Hydrocortisone 22-30 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 17-21 26811405-7 2016 High plasma cortisol concentrations due to reduced breakdown in turn reduce plasma ACTH concentrations via feedback inhibition, which with time may lead to an understimulation and hereby a dysfunction of the adrenal cortex. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 83-87 27523914-5 2016 Biochemistry demonstrated corticotropin (ACTH)-independent CS (cortisol=1900ng/mL (n=50-250), ACTH<10pg/mL (n=20-46)) with estradiol and testosterone overproduction. Hydrocortisone 63-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 41-45 27073149-7 2016 We propose that 2 diagnoses within 1 adrenal, being phaeochromocytoma and autonomous cortisol overproduction due to adjoining aberrant ACTH-producing cells, explain the clinical picture. Hydrocortisone 85-93 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 135-139 26979774-1 2016 AIMS: Retinoic acid has recently yielded promising results in the treatment of Cushing"s disease, i.e., excess cortisol secretion due to a pituitary corticotropin (ACTH)-secreting adenoma. Hydrocortisone 111-119 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 164-168 29192748-1 2016 Isolated ACTH deficiency (IAD) is a rare entity characterized by secondaryadrenal insufficiency with low levels of serum cortisol, decreasedproduction of ACTH, adequate secretion of other pituitary hormonesand normal pituitary structure on radioimaging. Hydrocortisone 121-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 9-13 26576642-9 2016 ACTH also significantly increased transcript levels for all of the steroidogenic enzymes required to produce aldosterone, cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone, as well as MC2R mRNA. Hydrocortisone 122-130 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 26700559-3 2016 Endocrinological examinations demonstrated ectopic ACTH production with hypercortisolemia and excess urinary cortisol accompanied by elevated plasma and urine catecholamines. Hydrocortisone 77-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 51-55 26120075-5 2016 Based on total cortisol-equivalent exposure (assuming linearity), administration of 80 U of ACTH analog equates to 30 mg IVMP. Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 92-96 26120075-6 2016 Because IVMP doses significantly higher than 30 mg are usually required to treat MS exacerbations, the lower cortisol-equivalent exposure of 80 U ACTH analog supports the hypothesis that efficacy of ACTH analog results from both steroid-dependent and -independent properties. Hydrocortisone 109-117 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 146-150 26071883-5 2015 Rather than an activated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, ACTH-independent regulators have been reported to contribute to increased cortisol availability during critical illness. Hydrocortisone 136-144 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 62-66 27629962-3 2016 Her plasma ACTH levels remained high over 3 months during a physiological dose of hydrocortisone replacement. Hydrocortisone 82-96 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 26038292-0 2015 Erratum to: Comparison of salivary and calculated free cortisol levels during low and standard dose of ACTH stimulation tests in healthy volunteers. Hydrocortisone 55-63 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 103-107 26536898-6 2016 ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism was diagnosed based on the results of the 0.5 mg dexamethasone suppression test (serum cortisol >3.0 mug/dL) plus one positive finding of the following two tests: midnight serum cortisol level >5.0 mug/dL or ACTH increase >50% after 1-deamino-5-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) challenge. Hydrocortisone 20-28 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 26536898-6 2016 ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism was diagnosed based on the results of the 0.5 mg dexamethasone suppression test (serum cortisol >3.0 mug/dL) plus one positive finding of the following two tests: midnight serum cortisol level >5.0 mug/dL or ACTH increase >50% after 1-deamino-5-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) challenge. Hydrocortisone 20-28 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 246-250 25971648-1 2015 The mechanisms regulating cortisol production when ACTH of pituitary origin is suppressed in primary adrenal causes of Cushing"s syndrome (CS) include diverse genetic and molecular mechanisms. Hydrocortisone 26-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 51-55 26071883-8 2015 Reduced adrenocortical ACTH signalling could explain reduced cortisol responses to exogenous ACTH. Hydrocortisone 61-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 26071883-8 2015 Reduced adrenocortical ACTH signalling could explain reduced cortisol responses to exogenous ACTH. Hydrocortisone 61-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 25656500-0 2015 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone and PI3K/Akt Inhibition Reduce eNOS Phosphorylation and Increase Cortisol Biosynthesis in Long-Term Hypoxic Ovine Fetal Adrenal Cortical Cells. Hydrocortisone 93-101 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-27 25521173-3 2015 DATA SYNTHESIS: The principle behind the corticotropin test is the demonstration of an inappropriately low cortisol production in response to exogenous ACTH, a situation analogous to physiological stress. Hydrocortisone 107-115 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 152-156 25962408-4 2015 Interpretation of a short ACTH test rests on the fact that a close correlation exists between the responses in plasma cortisol concentrations after administration of ACTH and during insulin induced hypoglycaemia which previously was the standard test. Hydrocortisone 118-126 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 25962408-4 2015 Interpretation of a short ACTH test rests on the fact that a close correlation exists between the responses in plasma cortisol concentrations after administration of ACTH and during insulin induced hypoglycaemia which previously was the standard test. Hydrocortisone 118-126 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 166-170 26538897-2 2015 Stress increases cortisol production from the adrenal cortex by stimulating an increase in the release of ACTH from the pituitary gland. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 106-110 25794840-7 2015 Cortisol concentrations increased in response to transport and ACTH (P < 0.001) but not control treatments (peak concentration, transport: 7.6 +- 2.4, ACTH: 13.7 +- 1.5, control: 3.8 +- 0.9 ng/mL). Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 63-67 25400085-14 2015 CONCLUSION: Continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion replacement re-established a circadian cortisol rhythm and normalized the ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 36-50 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 134-138 25942479-1 2015 CONTEXT: Cushing disease, due to pituitary corticotroph tumor ACTH hypersecretion, drives excess adrenal cortisol production with adverse morbidity and mortality. Hydrocortisone 105-113 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 62-66 25726511-5 2015 ACTH does not only induce cortisol production, as previously assumed, but it also exerts anti-inflammatory actions by targeting melanocortin receptors present on immune cells. Hydrocortisone 26-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 25462585-2 2015 However, "ACTH-cortisol dissociation" has been reported during critical illness, referring to low circulating ACTH coinciding with elevated circulating cortisol. Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 25462585-2 2015 However, "ACTH-cortisol dissociation" has been reported during critical illness, referring to low circulating ACTH coinciding with elevated circulating cortisol. Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-114 26069847-3 2015 When a pituitary tumor produces too much ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), it causes the overproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone 109-117 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 41-45 26069847-3 2015 When a pituitary tumor produces too much ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), it causes the overproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone 109-117 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-74 25817346-6 2015 Downregulated SF&mdash;1 decreased the sensitivity of aldosterone to ACTH/KCl and that of cortisol to ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 94-102 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 106-110 24588209-7 2014 RESULTS: Serum total and salivary cortisol concentrations pre- and post-ACTH were significantly higher in patients, and they were correlated at baseline (r = 0 67; P < 0 0001) and after ACTH (r = 0 41; P = 0 02). Hydrocortisone 34-42 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 72-76 25675982-1 2015 Cushing"s disease, also known as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenomas (PAs) that cause excess cortisol production, accounts for up to 85% of corticotrophin-dependent Cushing"s syndrome cases. Hydrocortisone 121-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 33-60 25675982-1 2015 Cushing"s disease, also known as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenomas (PAs) that cause excess cortisol production, accounts for up to 85% of corticotrophin-dependent Cushing"s syndrome cases. Hydrocortisone 121-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 62-66 25480800-1 2015 The physiological control of cortisol synthesis in the adrenal cortex involves stimulation of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) by hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and then stimulation of the adrenal by ACTH. Hydrocortisone 29-37 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 124-128 25480800-1 2015 The physiological control of cortisol synthesis in the adrenal cortex involves stimulation of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) by hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and then stimulation of the adrenal by ACTH. Hydrocortisone 29-37 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 224-228 25480800-5 2015 Diagnosis of cortisol excess exploits three physiological principles: failure to achieve the normal nadir in the cortisol diurnal rhythm, loss of sensitivity of ACTH-secreting tumours to cortisol negative feedback, and increased excretion of free cortisol in the urine. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 161-165 25685371-10 2015 Serum cortisol levels returned to normal in those with confirmed ectopic ACTH production. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 73-77 25560635-7 2015 RESULTS: Patients with low (<250 nM) Delta cortisol (n = 14 to 17) had higher baseline cortisol and ACTH but lower cortisol/ACTH ratios than patients with a normal Delta cortisol (>=250 nM) in the course of time. Hydrocortisone 46-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 103-107 25560635-7 2015 RESULTS: Patients with low (<250 nM) Delta cortisol (n = 14 to 17) had higher baseline cortisol and ACTH but lower cortisol/ACTH ratios than patients with a normal Delta cortisol (>=250 nM) in the course of time. Hydrocortisone 46-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 127-131 26281320-9 2015 The peak cortisol level after the ACTH stimulation test in the acute phase was higher than that in the chronic phase, but the difference was not statistically significant. Hydrocortisone 9-17 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 34-38 25148237-8 2014 MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We looked for changes in baseline and stimulated cortisol levels and its relationship to ACTH levels, sepsis severity or survival. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 112-116 25148237-16 2014 Initially, cortisol levels are largely ACTH independent, whereas ACTH increases and correlates with cortisol levels later on. Hydrocortisone 100-108 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 25334044-0 2014 Marked cortisol production by intracrine ACTH in GIP-treated cultured adrenal cells in which the GIP receptor was exogenously introduced. Hydrocortisone 7-15 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 41-45 24588209-10 2014 An inverse correlation between salivary cortisol post-ACTH and vasoactive inotropic score (r = -0 56; P = 0 0008) was observed. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 54-58 24588209-11 2014 A salivary cortisol concentration post-ACTH of <=226 nm (8 2 mug/dl) had a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 62% to discriminate need for vasoactive or inotropic support (area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve 0 74). Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 39-43 24845180-6 2014 RESULTS: In 20 patients who remained untreated (test-retest interval 28.8 +- 5.4 months), ACTH/cortisol ratios decreased significantly, driven by both mild increase in cortisol and reduction of ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 95-103 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 90-94 24350820-2 2014 OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-cortisol dose-responsive drive, estimated analytically, is significantly accentuated in adolescents and young adults with T1DM compared with healthy individuals. Hydrocortisone 85-93 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 50-77 24350820-2 2014 OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-cortisol dose-responsive drive, estimated analytically, is significantly accentuated in adolescents and young adults with T1DM compared with healthy individuals. Hydrocortisone 85-93 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 79-83 24350820-11 2014 CONCLUSION: Compared with healthy individuals, T1DM patients manifest decreased overnight adrenal responsiveness to endogenous ACTH leading to lower free cortisol concentrations. Hydrocortisone 154-162 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 127-131 20301521-14 1993 ACTH deficiency is treated with oral hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 37-51 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 24845180-6 2014 RESULTS: In 20 patients who remained untreated (test-retest interval 28.8 +- 5.4 months), ACTH/cortisol ratios decreased significantly, driven by both mild increase in cortisol and reduction of ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 168-176 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 90-94 24845180-9 2014 In untreated, but not in treated patients, change in ACTH/cortisol ratios showed moderate inverse correlation to the time interval between tests (Pearson: beta -0.52 to -0.56, p<0.05); the relation to progression of neurological disability was not significant. Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 24606100-1 2014 CONTEXT: Higher hydrocortisone doses are associated with increased overall and cardiovascular mortality in ACTH-deficient patients. Hydrocortisone 16-30 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 107-111 24606100-3 2014 OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether increasing hydrocortisone (or equivalent) to 30 mg/d in ACTH-deficient patients increased cardiovascular risk and whether a reduction in insulin sensitivity and attenuation of insulin"s hemodynamic effects was responsible for this effect. Hydrocortisone 68-82 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 25527801-1 2014 BACKGROUND: Cushing"s disease (CD) is a rare disorder caused by increased pituitary secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) resulting in elevated production of cortisol. Hydrocortisone 168-176 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 97-124 24569590-10 2014 ACTH and cortisol approximate entropy were higher in patients (P <= 0.03), as was ACTH-cortisol cross-approximate entropy (P <= 0.001). Hydrocortisone 90-98 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 85-89 24569590-11 2014 We conclude that hypercortisolism during critical illness coincided with suppressed pulsatile ACTH and cortisol secretion and a normal ACTH-cortisol dose response. Hydrocortisone 22-30 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 23865937-12 2014 CONCLUSIONS: Patients with adrenal adenomas and low basal ACTH show increased cortisol response to ACTH, and the adenomas seem to be the source of the increased cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 23865937-12 2014 CONCLUSIONS: Patients with adrenal adenomas and low basal ACTH show increased cortisol response to ACTH, and the adenomas seem to be the source of the increased cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 99-103 24587825-7 2014 ACTH is a universal agonist in the melanocortin (MC) system and, as such, among other functions, stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol. Hydrocortisone 138-146 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 24569590-11 2014 We conclude that hypercortisolism during critical illness coincided with suppressed pulsatile ACTH and cortisol secretion and a normal ACTH-cortisol dose response. Hydrocortisone 22-30 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 135-139 24397810-0 2014 Serum cortisol seems to be a more appropriate marker for adrenocortical reserve evaluation in ACTH test in comparison to salivary cortisol. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 24564598-4 2014 Patients with DAS28>3.2 had lower (p<0.05) total plasma cortisol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione responses in the ACTH test compared to healthy controls. Hydrocortisone 62-70 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 156-160 23480311-6 2013 In the elderly subjects, statistically lower cortisol responses were observed in men at 30 and 60 min after 1-mug ACTH challenge (540 17 +- 112 28 vs 670 11 +- 146 49 nmol/l in women, P = 0 003 at 30 min, and 482 24 +- 108 14 vs 568 04 +- 135 73 nmol/l in women, P = 0 03 at 60 min). Hydrocortisone 45-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 114-118 24074810-3 2013 MATERIALS/METHODS: Degree of ACTH inhibition during and recovery from an experimental cortisol clamp was tested in 20 healthy older subjects (age 60+-2.2 y). Hydrocortisone 86-94 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 24074810-10 2013 Decreased ACTH recovery in women was accompanied by lower total and free cortisol concentrations, pointing to heightened feedback inhibition of hypothalamo-pituitary drive of ACTH secretion as the main mechanism. Hydrocortisone 73-81 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 24103889-11 2013 Stress-induced cortisol release was associated with free ACTH IgG in boys (betaareaunderthecurve=-0.67, p<0.01), and with total ACTH IgG in girls (betarecovery=0.84, p=0.05). Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 57-61 24103889-11 2013 Stress-induced cortisol release was associated with free ACTH IgG in boys (betaareaunderthecurve=-0.67, p<0.01), and with total ACTH IgG in girls (betarecovery=0.84, p=0.05). Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 23754170-1 2013 ACTH independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH) is a rare disorder characterized by bilateral macronodular hyperplasia of the adrenal glands and increased cortisol production with subclinical or overt Cushing"s syndrome. Hydrocortisone 165-173 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 23480311-9 2013 CONCLUSION: This study documents a marked gender effect in the elderly, in the cortisol response levels to 1-mug ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 79-87 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 24045480-9 2013 Young mares had higher (P=0.02) overall plasma cortisol concentration posttraining in response to DEX/ACTH, but old mares showed no change. Hydrocortisone 47-55 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 102-106 24482945-13 2013 Basal cortisol level has sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 100% to detect AI when compared to ACTH stimulated cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 114-122 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 98-102 23490274-0 2013 Cortisol hyporesponsiveness to the low dose ACTH test is a frequent finding in a pediatric population with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-48 23865883-1 2013 OBJECTIVE: To determine the lowest ACTH dose that would induce a significant increase in serum cortisol concentration and identify the time to peak cortisol concentration in healthy neonatal foals. Hydrocortisone 95-103 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 35-39 24170635-4 2013 CONCLUSIONS: Cushing"s disease is the result of the pituitary gland producing excess amounts of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) causing the overproduction of cortisol. Hydrocortisone 161-169 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 96-123 24170635-4 2013 CONCLUSIONS: Cushing"s disease is the result of the pituitary gland producing excess amounts of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) causing the overproduction of cortisol. Hydrocortisone 161-169 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 125-129 23858003-8 2013 ACTH and AngII selectively inhibited the noninactivating K(+) current in human AZF cells at concentrations that stimulated cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 123-131 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 23858003-11 2013 These findings also suggest a model for cortisol secretion in human AZF cells wherein ACTH and AngII receptor activation is coupled to membrane depolarization and the activation of Cav3.2 channels through inhibition of hTREK-1. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 23815536-2 2013 Non-use of corticotropin (ACTH) during sampling may increase the apparent failure rate of adrenal vein catheterization due to lower cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 132-140 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 22909443-11 2012 CONCLUSION: The ACTH-cortisol relation in obesity in women is characterized by decreased sensitivity and efficacy, thus explaining non-elevated serum cortisol concentrations despite increased plasma ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-20 23218531-7 2013 RESULTS: Serum basal and peak cortisol levels were found to be lower in OSAS patients when compared to the control group during 1mug ACTH and glucagon stimulation tests. Hydrocortisone 30-38 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 133-137 23401686-1 2013 Cushing"s Disease is caused by oversecretion of ACTH from a pituitary adenoma and results in subsequent elevations of systemic cortisol, ultimately contributing to reduced patient survival. Hydrocortisone 127-135 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 48-52 23573255-5 2013 The present study aims to replicate our previous finding and further elucidate it by analyzing for the first time whether this alteration of cortisol-responsiveness is associated to ACTH and whether the catecholaminergic system is affected as well. Hydrocortisone 141-149 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 182-186 23402947-7 2013 In multivariate regression analysis, cortisol was an independent predictor of Vo2peak (R2 = 0.365, F = 12.5, SE = 3.4; p<=0.001) and Ve/Vco2 slope (R2 = 0.154; F = 8.5; SE = 5.96; p = 0.006), after accounting for age, body mass index, sex, CHF etiology, creatinine, left ventricular ejection fraction, and ACTH in all patients. Hydrocortisone 37-45 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 309-313 23055545-10 2012 CONCLUSION: Low SGK1 expression is related to ACTH-independent cortisol secretion in adrenocortical tumors and is a new prognostic factor in adrenocortical carcinoma. Hydrocortisone 63-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-50 20945102-10 2012 Undetectable postoperative ACTH- and cortisol levels provided clear evidence that the underlying ACTH-source was successfully removed during re-operation. Hydrocortisone 37-45 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 97-101 22909443-11 2012 CONCLUSION: The ACTH-cortisol relation in obesity in women is characterized by decreased sensitivity and efficacy, thus explaining non-elevated serum cortisol concentrations despite increased plasma ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 199-203 22251774-7 2012 Non-neoplastic adrenal cortex demonstrated hyperplasia associated with lipid depletion and marked expression of steroidogenic enzymes, especially in cortical cells around tumor infiltration, suggestive of paracrine ACTH stimulation of cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 235-243 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 215-219 22851491-1 2012 CONTEXT: Cushing"s disease, i.e. cortisol excess due to an ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma, is a rare disorder with considerable morbidity and mortality but no satisfactory medical treatment as yet. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 22989371-1 2012 INTRODUCTION: Adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia, characterized by bilateral macronodular adrenal hypertrophy and autonomous cortisol production, is a rare cause of Cushing"s syndrome. Hydrocortisone 163-171 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-41 22781364-10 2012 Cortisol increases < 250 mM in exogenous ACTH were associated with relatively low baseline (HDL-) cholesterol, and high endogenous ACTH with low cortisol/ACTH ratio, independent of etomidate. Hydrocortisone 148-156 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-48 22781364-10 2012 Cortisol increases < 250 mM in exogenous ACTH were associated with relatively low baseline (HDL-) cholesterol, and high endogenous ACTH with low cortisol/ACTH ratio, independent of etomidate. Hydrocortisone 148-156 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 134-138 22781364-10 2012 Cortisol increases < 250 mM in exogenous ACTH were associated with relatively low baseline (HDL-) cholesterol, and high endogenous ACTH with low cortisol/ACTH ratio, independent of etomidate. Hydrocortisone 148-156 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 134-138 22288685-2 2012 OBJECTIVE: To assess how an equal dose of hydrocortisone (HC) given either four times daily or twice daily influence diurnal profiles of cortisol and ACTH, patient preferences and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Hydrocortisone 42-56 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 150-154 21798698-2 2012 The adrenocotropin hormone (ACTH) constitutes the immediate stimuli to produce cortisol. Hydrocortisone 79-87 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 28-32 21863341-14 2011 Empirical use of hydrocortisone in the Intensive Care in our patient with life-threatening acute hyponatremia was appropriate but because glucocorticoid therapy on its own corrects hyponatremia even after stopping hypertonic saline infusion, the risk for over-correction of hyponatremia in ACTH deficiency is high. Hydrocortisone 17-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 290-294 22733309-8 2012 ACTH-induced cortisol levels were significantly higher in all type 2 diabetic patients. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 22733309-11 2012 CONCLUSIONS: In type 2 diabetic patients, the HPA axis is clearly hyperactive as evident in increased urinary free cortisol, diminished cortisol suppression after dexamethasone and increased ACTH-induced cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 115-123 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 191-195 22733309-11 2012 CONCLUSIONS: In type 2 diabetic patients, the HPA axis is clearly hyperactive as evident in increased urinary free cortisol, diminished cortisol suppression after dexamethasone and increased ACTH-induced cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 136-144 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 191-195 22623919-3 2012 We found that cortisol administration suppressed ACTH levels and (1) induced a decrease in oxytocin associated with ACTH suppression and (2) an increase in oxytocin that was independent from ACTH suppression. Hydrocortisone 14-22 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 22623919-3 2012 We found that cortisol administration suppressed ACTH levels and (1) induced a decrease in oxytocin associated with ACTH suppression and (2) an increase in oxytocin that was independent from ACTH suppression. Hydrocortisone 14-22 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 116-120 22623919-3 2012 We found that cortisol administration suppressed ACTH levels and (1) induced a decrease in oxytocin associated with ACTH suppression and (2) an increase in oxytocin that was independent from ACTH suppression. Hydrocortisone 14-22 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 116-120 22419722-7 2012 The induction of cortisol, cAMP, and ACTH-responsive genes after treatment with ACTH was related to MRAP, MRAP2, and MC2R expression levels. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 80-84 21813244-12 2012 There was a significant effect of group on the cortisol response to CRF, reflecting greater responsivity in both of the deployed groups (PTSD+ and PTSD-) compared to the non-exposed group which could be accounted for by baseline differences in cortisol levels; unlike the ACTH response, the cortisol response did not differ by era. Hydrocortisone 47-55 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 272-276 22333376-0 2012 A case of cortisol producing adrenal adenoma associated with a latent aldosteronoma: usefulness of the ACTH loading test for the detection of covert aldosteronism in overt Cushing syndrome. Hydrocortisone 10-18 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 103-107 22333376-1 2012 A 36-year-old woman with Cushing syndrome was evaluated for coexisting hyperaldosteronism, which was suggested by an abnormal response of the aldosterone-to-cortisol ratio in peripheral blood to the ACTH-administration despite a low basal aldosterone-to-renin ratio. Hydrocortisone 157-165 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 199-203 21967755-7 2012 RESULTS: The ratio of ACTH-stimulated and baseline cortisol concentrations was significantly higher (P = 0 001) in the group of patients carrying the C4B*Q0 genotype compared to the rest of the patients. Hydrocortisone 51-59 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 22-26 22017348-10 2012 RESULTS: A total of 83 patients with confirmed ACTH-dependent cortisol excess underwent investigation with IPSS during the study period. Hydrocortisone 62-70 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 22170728-1 2012 CONTEXT: Congenital isolated ACTH deficiency (IAD) is a rare disease characterized by low plasma ACTH and cortisol levels and preservation of all other pituitary hormones. Hydrocortisone 106-114 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 22030468-10 2012 However, the partial rise in cortisol concentrations indicates an increase in the sensitivity of the adrenal cortex to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 29-37 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 119-123 21609353-5 2011 RESULTS: Twenty-four hour ACTH-cortisol concentration pairs yielded an estimated EC(50) (one-half maximally stimulatory ACTH concentration) of 5 1 (2 2-9 5) pmol/l [median (range)]. Hydrocortisone 31-39 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 21609353-5 2011 RESULTS: Twenty-four hour ACTH-cortisol concentration pairs yielded an estimated EC(50) (one-half maximally stimulatory ACTH concentration) of 5 1 (2 2-9 5) pmol/l [median (range)]. Hydrocortisone 31-39 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124 21609353-11 2011 Combined ACTH and cortisol responses to hypoglycaemia allowed an estimate of ACTH efficacy of 28 (22-81) nmol/l/min, compared with the control value of 8 7 (5 6-26), suggesting enhanced adrenal responsiveness. Hydrocortisone 18-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 77-81 21609353-12 2011 CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that endogenous ACTH-adrenal drive can be approximated from overnight 8-h sampling of paired ACTH and cortisol concentrations. Hydrocortisone 135-143 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 21732044-1 2011 Tetracosactide is a synthetic peptide analogue of the human adrenocorticotropic hormone that stimulates the production of cortisol in the adrenal cortex. Hydrocortisone 122-130 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-87 21623858-4 2011 RESULTS: In 24 of 28 patients in sustained remission after pituitary surgery, peak cortisol concentrations below 774 nm (28 0 mug/dl) were recorded after stimulation with 1 mug synthetic ACTH (86%). Hydrocortisone 83-91 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 187-191 21623858-6 2011 Fourteen of 15 patients with persistent CD after surgery (early failure) showed absolute peak cortisol levels >774 nm in response to ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 94-102 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 136-140 21107577-8 2011 In this paper we only include the most widely accepted mechanisms that influence the dynamics of the HPA axis, i.e. a negative feedback from cortisol on CRH and ACTH. Hydrocortisone 141-149 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 161-165 20951370-9 2010 Following hydrocortisone administration, there was a greater reduction in levels of ACTH in PTSD - MDD compared with control subjects (p < .01). Hydrocortisone 10-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 84-88 21249393-9 2011 During follow-up, six repeatedly low morning cortisol levels (<1 mug/dl) and low ACTH levels (<10 pg/ml) were documented, so ACTH deficiency had developed over time and therefore hydrocortisone replacement was started at 1.5 years of age. Hydrocortisone 185-199 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 21521269-8 2011 After accounting for method of delivery and EGA, we found that maternal plasma ACTH concentrations predicted 23 9% of the variance in foetal plasma ACTH concentrations (T = 6 76; P < 0 0001), and maternal free and total plasma cortisol concentrations predicted 39 8% and 32 3% of the variance in foetal plasma free and total cortisol concentrations (T = 5 37-6 90; P < 0 0001), respectively. Hydrocortisone 328-336 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 79-83 21429963-6 2011 Cortisol production responded the most to ACTH treatment, with a 64-fold increase. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 42-46 21061072-10 2011 The lowest cortisol responses obtained during 250 mug ACTH, 1 mug ACTH and glucagon stimulation tests were found to be 20.1, 12.5 and 9.1 mug/dl in a known group of healthy people. Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 54-58 21061072-10 2011 The lowest cortisol responses obtained during 250 mug ACTH, 1 mug ACTH and glucagon stimulation tests were found to be 20.1, 12.5 and 9.1 mug/dl in a known group of healthy people. Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-70 21535070-0 2011 Serum free cortisol as an ancillary tool in the interpretation of the low-dose 1-mug ACTH test. Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 85-89 21535070-8 2011 Using the lowest attained peak serum free cortisol in subjects whose TC response to ACTH was normal (>= 500 nM), the minimal "pass" level for normal serum free cortisol response to 1 mug ACTH was set at 25 0 nM. Hydrocortisone 163-171 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 190-194 21752885-0 2011 Tripartite control of dynamic ACTH-cortisol dose responsiveness by age, body mass index, and gender in 111 healthy adults. Hydrocortisone 35-43 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 30-34 21752898-13 2011 CONCLUSION: Conjoint augmentation of the mass of ACTH and cortisol secreted per burst and enhancement of ACTH-cortisol synchrony underlie glucose-induced glucocorticoid secretion in healthy men. Hydrocortisone 110-118 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 105-109 21564163-2 2011 WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: This study demonstrates a partial opioid influence in the inhibitory effect of ALP on the release of ACTH/cortisol during physical exercise. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 125-129 21564163-3 2011 AIMS: To establish the possible involvement of alprazolam (ALP) and/or opiates in the mechanism underlying the ACTH/cortisol response to physical exercise. Hydrocortisone 116-124 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 111-115 21564163-8 2011 In the presence of naloxone, the ACTH and cortisol responses were significantly increased (maximum peak at time 20 min, P <= 0.02 vs. control test for ACTH, and at time 30 min (P <= 0.01 vs. baseline) for cortisol) whereas they were abolished by ALP. Hydrocortisone 42-50 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 154-158 21564163-10 2011 CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate an inhibitory effect of ALP in the regulation of the ACTH/cortisol response to physical exercise in man and suggest that GABAergic receptor activating benzodiazepines and opioids interact in the neuroendocrine secretion of ACTH/cortisol. Hydrocortisone 94-102 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 89-93 21400210-6 2011 Because the demand for cortisol increases after highly invasive surgeries, cortisol supplementation therapy is essential for patients with complications from isolated ACTH deficiency. Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 167-171 21183553-13 2011 CONCLUSION: Up to one quarter of patients with a normal cortisol status preoperatively demonstrated a raised ACTH and deficient cortisol response postoperatively. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 20884125-11 2011 We hypothesized that the HPA axis response in human AA may be the following: stressors first activate excess CRH/CRHR to produce increased ACTH, which up-regulates the expression of MC2R mRNA, but the stress response cannot create sufficient cortisol when the binding of ACTH/MC2R is deficient due to decreased MC2R protein. Hydrocortisone 242-250 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 139-143 22028893-18 2011 The isolated character of ACTH deficiency must be confirmed by determining the other hypothalamic-pituitary functions, and Hydrocortisone replacement therapy initiated in emergency. Hydrocortisone 123-137 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 20972726-7 2010 Physiologic dose of hydrocortisone was prescribed to prevent an adrenal crisis for 3 months and discontinued when HPA axis recovery was confirmed by normal morning cortisol and ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 20-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 177-181 21034507-0 2010 Basal and adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulated plasma cortisol levels among Egyptian autistic children: relation to disease severity. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-37 20925018-7 2010 In conclusion, the large interindividual variation in ACTH levels most likely indicates varying sensitivity to cortisol with a need for individualized dosing schemes. Hydrocortisone 111-119 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 54-58 20237483-2 2010 STUDY DESIGN: In this prospective observational study, we measured baseline and ACTH-stimulated cortisol concentrations within 48 h before surgery in newborn infants <44 weeks postmenstrual age and examined the relationship of these values to measures of illness severity both before and after surgery, including the score for neonatal acute physiology (SNAP) and use of vasopressors. Hydrocortisone 96-104 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 80-84 20237483-7 2010 Infants receiving vasopressors perioperatively had lower median ACTH-stimulated cortisol values (22.6 vs 44.7 mcg per 100 ml). Hydrocortisone 80-88 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 20934312-0 2010 Hydrocortisone responsiveness in Gulf War veterans with PTSD: effects on ACTH, declarative memory hippocampal [(18)F]FDG uptake on PET. Hydrocortisone 0-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 73-77 20184600-8 2010 CONCLUSIONS: The SH criterion characterized by the presence of two of 1mg-DST >82.8 nmol/l, elevated UFC and reduced ACTH seems the best in predicting the presence of chronic manifestations of subtle cortisol excess. Hydrocortisone 203-211 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124 21061675-3 2010 We found age-related decrease in ACTH level that is a known hypophysial stimulant of cortisol and cortisol precursor synthesis in adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone 85-93 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 33-37 21061675-3 2010 We found age-related decrease in ACTH level that is a known hypophysial stimulant of cortisol and cortisol precursor synthesis in adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone 98-106 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 33-37 20630661-9 2010 No significant differences for ACTH and catecholaminergic responses were observed, while the ACTH:cortisol ratio was higher in BPD patients than in controls. Hydrocortisone 98-106 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 20591975-11 2010 We conclude that ACTH regulates cortisol production by facilitating interorganelle substrate transfer via a process that is mediated by RhoA and DIAPH1, which act to coordinate the dynamic trafficking of mitochondria. Hydrocortisone 32-40 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 17-21 20158585-7 2010 LIMITATIONS: In patients with morning plasma cortisol levels between 3 and 18 microg/dL, a normal result for the ACTH stimulation test only moderately reduces the possibility that a patient has secondary adrenal insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 45-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 20395825-8 2010 Patients were considered as ACTH responders when delta cortisol concentration was more than 9 microg/dl 30 min after ACTH injection. Hydrocortisone 55-63 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 28-32 20410472-2 2010 To test the postulate that ACTH stimulates cortisol secretion dynamically (unequally during the initiation and termination of a cortisol secretory burst), a mathematical formalism was developed in which dose-response hysteretic shifts were allowed, but not required, within the time evolution of ACTH-cortisol pulse pairs. Hydrocortisone 43-51 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 20410472-2 2010 To test the postulate that ACTH stimulates cortisol secretion dynamically (unequally during the initiation and termination of a cortisol secretory burst), a mathematical formalism was developed in which dose-response hysteretic shifts were allowed, but not required, within the time evolution of ACTH-cortisol pulse pairs. Hydrocortisone 128-136 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 20410472-2 2010 To test the postulate that ACTH stimulates cortisol secretion dynamically (unequally during the initiation and termination of a cortisol secretory burst), a mathematical formalism was developed in which dose-response hysteretic shifts were allowed, but not required, within the time evolution of ACTH-cortisol pulse pairs. Hydrocortisone 128-136 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 20495451-6 2010 Markedly increased serum cortisol (5900 nmol/L) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (302 ng/L) levels were found, highly suggestive for ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion. Hydrocortisone 25-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-167 20086217-4 2010 Confounding pituitary hormone deficiencies such as gonadotropins and particularly ACTH deficiency (with higher doses of hydrocortisone replacement) may have a detrimental effect on outcome in patients with pituitary disease. Hydrocortisone 120-134 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 19937245-4 2010 RESULTS: Our results showed that following severe TBI in children, cortisol was significantly elevated (24.46 +/- 13.41 microg/dL) on PID 1 along with ACTH but then returned to normal (10.14-19.92 microg/dL) by PID 3; 46% and 14% of children had a low cortisol and ACTH (<10.14 and <2, respectively) in the acute period. Hydrocortisone 67-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 151-155 19937245-4 2010 RESULTS: Our results showed that following severe TBI in children, cortisol was significantly elevated (24.46 +/- 13.41 microg/dL) on PID 1 along with ACTH but then returned to normal (10.14-19.92 microg/dL) by PID 3; 46% and 14% of children had a low cortisol and ACTH (<10.14 and <2, respectively) in the acute period. Hydrocortisone 67-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 265-269 20424367-2 2010 She was found to have a markedly elevated plasma ACTH-cortisol level. Hydrocortisone 54-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 19508587-9 2010 Compared with normal controls, carriers showed lower basal and ACTH-stimulated cortisol levels but higher ACTH-stimulated corticosterone levels. Hydrocortisone 79-87 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 63-67 19766403-9 2010 Despite similar plasma ACTH levels between the three groups, the ACTH/cortisol ratio was higher in PTSD+MDD patients compared to controls. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 20871859-5 2010 The patterns of adrenal suppression differed markedly between hydrocortisone and nocturnal dexamethasone, with significant suppression of the morning rise in ACTH, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and androstenedione while on dexamethasone. Hydrocortisone 62-76 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 158-162 20871859-6 2010 On hydrocortisone therapy, there is a marked variation in ACTH and adrenal hormones depending on time of day and timing of hydrocortisone administration. Hydrocortisone 3-17 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 20871859-6 2010 On hydrocortisone therapy, there is a marked variation in ACTH and adrenal hormones depending on time of day and timing of hydrocortisone administration. Hydrocortisone 123-137 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 19454578-11 2009 The amplified ACTH drive is accompanied by decreased secretory regularity and diminished forward coupling between ACTH and cortisol. Hydrocortisone 123-131 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-18 20360906-1 2009 Cushing"s disease, due to pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) hypersecretion, is the most common etiology of spontaneous excess cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 137-145 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-63 20360906-1 2009 Cushing"s disease, due to pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) hypersecretion, is the most common etiology of spontaneous excess cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 137-145 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 19731998-9 2009 A positive and significant relationship was found between ACTH and cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 67-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 19808848-9 2009 In the ACTH-deficient group, increased replacement doses of hydrocortisone greater than 25 mg/d were associated with increased mortality compared to lower doses. Hydrocortisone 60-74 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 7-11 19808848-11 2009 In ACTH-deficient patients, a daily dose of more than 25 mg hydrocortisone is associated with increased mortality compared to lower doses. Hydrocortisone 60-74 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 3-7 19808848-12 2009 These results have important implications for the treatment of patients with acromegaly and also raise issues as to the optimum hydrocortisone treatment regimens for ACTH-deficient patients. Hydrocortisone 128-142 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 166-170 19755477-9 2009 In men, both ACTH-cortisol feedforward and cortisol-ACTH feedback asynchrony (cross-ApEn) increased with age (R(2) = 0.20 and 0.22; P = 0.021 and 0.018). Hydrocortisone 18-26 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 19755477-9 2009 In men, both ACTH-cortisol feedforward and cortisol-ACTH feedback asynchrony (cross-ApEn) increased with age (R(2) = 0.20 and 0.22; P = 0.021 and 0.018). Hydrocortisone 43-51 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 52-56 19755477-12 2009 In both sexes, percentage pulsatile ACTH secretion predicted 24-h mean cortisol concentrations (R(2) = 0.14; P = 0.009). Hydrocortisone 71-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 19535893-7 2009 Adrenal cortisol production in response to ACTH bolus under different incipient conditions (baseline, physiological, and pharmacological hypercortisolemia; 180+/-16, 173+/-21, and 177+/-53 nmol.min.l-1, respectively) did not significantly differ (p=0.8). Hydrocortisone 8-16 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 43-47 19535673-0 2009 Sex defines the age dependence of endogenous ACTH-cortisol dose responsiveness. Hydrocortisone 50-58 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 45-49 19451847-17 2010 However, a subset of patients with elevated ACTH/cortisol ratios seemed to have a clinical status consistent with adrenal insufficiency and may be a target group for early postoperative steroid therapy. Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-48 18984772-4 2009 ACTH levels peaked at 2472 and 2265 pmol/l pre- and post-hydrocortisone respectively. Hydrocortisone 57-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 21318995-10 2009 It is suggested that re-evaluation of pituitary and thyroid function is useful for diagnosing isolated ACTH deficiency after starting a maintenance dose of hydrocortisone in order to avoid unnecessary replacement of thyroid hormone. Hydrocortisone 156-170 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 103-107 19326575-13 2009 CONCLUSIONS: The administration of moderate doses of hydrocortisone in septic shock results in a modest but consistent improvement in capillary perfusion, independent of the response to the ACTH test. Hydrocortisone 53-67 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 190-194 19246533-7 2009 Under control and sense conditions, ACTH increased cortisol production, whereas CRY2 suppression inhibited ACTH-stimulated cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 51-59 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 19246533-7 2009 Under control and sense conditions, ACTH increased cortisol production, whereas CRY2 suppression inhibited ACTH-stimulated cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 123-131 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 107-111 19581669-1 2009 It has recently been proposed that other hormones than ACTH can control cortisol production in Cushing"s syndrome with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 55-59 18308488-2 2009 The elevation of cortisol concentrations was achieved through repeated intravenous injections of synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) every 2 h for approximately 48 h, from the onset of the second standing oestrus after weaning. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 107-134 18308488-2 2009 The elevation of cortisol concentrations was achieved through repeated intravenous injections of synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) every 2 h for approximately 48 h, from the onset of the second standing oestrus after weaning. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 136-140 19183430-2 2009 It is argued that comparisons with responses under circumstances of equal stress as well as assessments of severity of disease are necessary to judge the sufficiency of cortisol responses to endogenous and exogenous ACTH before treatment is considered. Hydrocortisone 169-177 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 216-220 18713819-9 2008 RESULTS: HAC clone 15 (HAC15) cells responded to treatment with ACTH, Ang II, and forskolin, with increased cortisol and aldosterone production. Hydrocortisone 108-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 19571587-7 2009 In turn, ACTH exerts its actions on the adrenal cortex via specific receptors, type 2 melanocortin receptors (MC2-R), to initiate the synthesis of cortisol, which is released immediately into the systemic circulation by diffusion. Hydrocortisone 147-155 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 9-13 19367057-2 2009 In this patient, one year after hydrocortisone replacement for ACTH deficiency, data on GH secretion by insulin tolerance test and GH-releasing peptide-2 injection showed a partial improvement, but still there was lack of an adequate response. Hydrocortisone 32-46 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 63-67 18987643-2 2008 STUDY DESIGN: In this prospective observational study, we measured ACTH, baseline cortisol and ACTH-stimulated cortisol concentrations in mechanically ventilated infants >or=34 weeks gestational age and <5 postnatal days. Hydrocortisone 111-119 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 95-99 18788451-6 2008 A load test for anterior pituitary hormone (CRH + TRH + LHRH + GRH test) revealed that the ACTH-cortisol system showed no response although the other pituitary hormones responded. Hydrocortisone 96-104 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 19301769-11 2008 Melatonin ingestion reduced the cortisol response to ACTH from 14.6 +/- 1.45 microg/dl at 60 min in the placebo group to 10.8 +/- 1.2 microg/dl in the melatonin group (p < 0.01 mixed model test). Hydrocortisone 32-40 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 19301769-13 2008 CONCLUSIONS: The expression of MT1 melatonin receptor in the human adrenal, and the melatonin reduction of ACTH-stimulated cortisol production suggest a direct melatonin action on the adrenal gland. Hydrocortisone 123-131 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 107-111 18697912-8 2008 In adrenalectomized ewes chronically replaced to 0.35 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) cortisol, plasma ACTH concentrations were decreased significantly in the nonpregnant progesterone-treated ewes compared with the ovariectomized nonpregnant ewes. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-97 18807889-5 2008 During the ACTH therapy, the serum cortisol level was higher than that in control subjects. Hydrocortisone 35-43 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 18807889-7 2008 It is suggested that the same mechanism was involved in the present patient during the ACTH therapy and that adverse effects of ACTH were related to the high cortisol level in the serum. Hydrocortisone 158-166 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 128-132 18647498-8 2008 Thirteen of 15 patients (86.7%) with ACTH-secreting microadenoma achieved chemical remission judged by plasma cortisol levels<or=2 microg/dl within 72 hours of surgery. Hydrocortisone 110-118 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 17980006-10 2008 RESULTS: Subjects with SNPs associated with reduced 11-hydroxylation efficiency (-344T CYP11B2; TTGG CYP11B1) showed reduced inhibition of ACTH after dexamethasone (P = 0.05) and an altered cortisol-ACTH relationship (decreased cortisol-ACTH ratio, P < 0.02). Hydrocortisone 190-198 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 139-143 17524488-3 2008 The CRH neurons induce adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) release from the pituitary, which subsequently causes cortisol release from the adrenal cortex. Hydrocortisone 104-112 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-48 18356748-4 2008 In controls, the baseline ACTH/cortisol ratio was significantly higher (p = 0.002) in subjects with the polymorphism than in the T/T group indicating decreased ACTH sensitivity. Hydrocortisone 31-39 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 160-164 18652311-1 2008 OBJECTIVE: To explore the change of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal hormone in patients with Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by observing the change of Corticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol after Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP). Hydrocortisone 194-202 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 184-188 17573043-2 2007 METHODS: Plasma ACTH levels were measured after restraint stress in 19 male monkeys pretreated with saline or hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 110-124 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-20 17976217-11 2008 The basophil response to CRF and ACTH correlated with the serum cortisol concentration in normal controls, but not in CIU patients. Hydrocortisone 64-72 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 33-37 17651452-4 2007 We have speculated that this altered 11beta-hydroxylase efficiency leads to increased ACTH drive to the adrenal gland to maintain cortisol production and reported herein the association between the -344 C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and adrenal steroid production in subjects with essential hypertension. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 17651452-10 2007 The correlation between excretion of aldosterone and cortisol metabolites and suggests that, in TT subjects, ACTH exerts an important common regulatory influence on adrenal corticosteroid production in subjects with hypertension. Hydrocortisone 53-61 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 17612507-4 2007 Among GWV, health symptoms (mood and cognitive symptoms) were positively associated with, and hyperarousal symptoms were negatively associated with, the cortisol:ACTH ratio. Hydrocortisone 153-161 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 162-166 17573043-5 2007 RESULTS: Individual differences in postrestraint stress ACTH levels over the 17-month test/retest interval were remarkably consistent for the saline (r(s) = .82, p = .0004) and hydrocortisone (r(s) = .78, p = .001) pretreatments. Hydrocortisone 177-191 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 56-60 17878697-16 2007 These results suggest that a short ACTH stimulation test performed preoperatively is a helpful method for determining the maximal cortisol response to surgical trauma and to identify high-risk individuals and that a relative postoperative adrenal insufficiency may be closely related to the decreased cortisol secretion following major surgical trauma. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 35-39 17904296-7 2007 In men, positive associations were observed between CBG and ACTH and total cortisol levels following the TSST. Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 17959886-2 2007 While adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) is important for the onset of cortisol production, the late gestational surge in cortisol production occurs despite falling ACTH levels in the fetal circulation. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 17455145-2 2007 Our findings show that cortisol excess affects both ACTH and GH production, with no immunoreaction for these hormones. Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 52-56 16870362-5 2007 In the present study, the effect of ACTH on plasma levels of cortisol, progesterone, androstenedione and testosterone was investigated in intact mares with normal estrous behavior ("controls", n=5) and intact mares that according to their owners showed deviant estrous behavior ("problem" mares, n=7). Hydrocortisone 61-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 16870362-8 2007 An overall significant difference in cortisol response to ACTH was found (P<0.05), with "problem" mares showing a significantly lower increase in cortisol levels 30 min to 3h post ACTH treatment (P<0.001). Hydrocortisone 37-45 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 17898815-9 2007 In the rest of the cases there were no differences between the basal ACTH of patients and controls, and the cortisol response to ACTH was normal. Hydrocortisone 108-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 129-133 17386066-11 2007 By contrast, when the exercise test was repeated after 6 weeks abstinence, ACTH/cortisol levels rose significantly versus baseline (mean peak levels of ACTH and cortisol were 48 and 38% higher than baseline, respectively, for ACTH and cortisol). Hydrocortisone 161-169 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 75-79 17386066-11 2007 By contrast, when the exercise test was repeated after 6 weeks abstinence, ACTH/cortisol levels rose significantly versus baseline (mean peak levels of ACTH and cortisol were 48 and 38% higher than baseline, respectively, for ACTH and cortisol). Hydrocortisone 161-169 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 75-79 17418447-6 2007 SIADH in patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome may be underdiagnosed due to the antagonistic hormone actions of cortisol and ADH on renal sodium excretion. Hydrocortisone 110-118 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 31-35 17172320-8 2007 Lag within-subject ACTH levels predicting cortisol regression slopes were significantly different between the depressed and nondepressed groups at both 6 and 12 weeks. Hydrocortisone 42-50 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 19-23 17487641-7 2007 MAIN OUTCOMES: Prolactin levels were negatively correlated with the Glasgow coma scale (GCS), cortisol levels were positively correlated with the GCS and cortisol levels were positively correlated with ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 154-162 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 202-206 17475613-8 2007 Moreover, serum ACTH levels were 337 and 232 pg/mL with normal serum cortisol and urine-free cortisol. Hydrocortisone 69-77 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-20 17475613-8 2007 Moreover, serum ACTH levels were 337 and 232 pg/mL with normal serum cortisol and urine-free cortisol. Hydrocortisone 93-101 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-20 17280575-13 2007 Depressive hypercortisolemia results from an additional change in the adrenal cortex that causes ACTH-independent, disorderly basal cortisol release, a sign of physiological stress in melancholic/psychotic depression. Hydrocortisone 16-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 97-101 17311852-11 2007 OUTCOME MEASURE: Plasma ACTH was measured before (0830 h) and 120 min after morning dosing with hydrocortisone (HC). Hydrocortisone 96-110 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 24-28 17438420-0 2007 Decreased plasma cortisol in response to intramuscular ACTH in ocular hypertensives and primary open-angle glaucomas. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 55-59 17438420-7 2007 CONCLUSIONS: Compared with normals, the OH plus POAG subjects showed lower plasma cortisol levels in response to intramuscular ACTH. Hydrocortisone 82-90 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 127-131 17556872-1 2007 GH secretagogues (GHS) have been used for the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing"s syndrome (CS) since 1997 due to their ability to increase ACTH and cortisol levels in Cushing"s disease. Hydrocortisone 164-172 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 72-76 17197073-4 2007 Melanocytes respond with enhanced production of cortisol and corticosterone, which is dependent on POMC activity. Hydrocortisone 48-56 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 99-103 16828873-5 2006 The extremely high cortisol concentration in the tissue witnesses the synthesis of the main glucocorticoid steroid in the ACTH-producing pancreas tumor and suggests a stimulating paracrine effect of ACTH on cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 122-126 16925461-2 2007 Our present study was aimed to obtain physiological data on changes of free salivary cortisol after 1 microg ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 85-93 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 17961029-1 2007 Endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS) results from hypercortisolemia caused by excess adrenocorticotropic hormone production in a pituitary adenoma or ectopic tumor, or by an adrenal tumor that directly produces excess cortisol. Hydrocortisone 51-59 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 81-108 16828873-5 2006 The extremely high cortisol concentration in the tissue witnesses the synthesis of the main glucocorticoid steroid in the ACTH-producing pancreas tumor and suggests a stimulating paracrine effect of ACTH on cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 199-203 16828873-5 2006 The extremely high cortisol concentration in the tissue witnesses the synthesis of the main glucocorticoid steroid in the ACTH-producing pancreas tumor and suggests a stimulating paracrine effect of ACTH on cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 207-215 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 199-203 16303845-9 2006 In response to ACTH, significant increases in the DHEA/cortisol ratio (174 +/- 48 vs. 3 +/- 3, P = 0.008) were seen in the metyrapone group compared with placebo. Hydrocortisone 55-63 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 16817818-3 2006 METHODS: We investigated whether the circadian intravenous infusion of hydrocortisone could improve control of ACTH and androgen levels. Hydrocortisone 71-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 111-115 16817818-11 2006 CONCLUSIONS: In patients with poor biochemical control of Addison"s disease and CAH, a 24-h circadian infusion of hydrocortisone can decrease morning ACTH and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels to near normal. Hydrocortisone 114-128 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 150-154 16551740-2 2006 In the rare cortisone reductase deficiency, impaired regeneration of active cortisol from inert cortisone by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD1) results in compensatory activation of ACTH secretion and adrenal hyperandrogenism. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 197-201 17185905-18 2006 This case illustrates, that longstanding ACTH stimulation by a pituitary adenoma can induce unilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia with autonomous cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 152-160 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 41-45 16840918-3 2006 Endocrine investigations were suggestive of an hypercortisolism linked to an ectopic adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) secretion, both at baseline (mean ACTH levels=275 pg/ml, urinary free cortisol excretion=3.898 mmol/24 h) and after pharmacodynamic testing (lack of inhibition of ACTH by dexamethasone). Hydrocortisone 52-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 106-110 16840918-3 2006 Endocrine investigations were suggestive of an hypercortisolism linked to an ectopic adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) secretion, both at baseline (mean ACTH levels=275 pg/ml, urinary free cortisol excretion=3.898 mmol/24 h) and after pharmacodynamic testing (lack of inhibition of ACTH by dexamethasone). Hydrocortisone 52-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 146-150 16840918-3 2006 Endocrine investigations were suggestive of an hypercortisolism linked to an ectopic adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) secretion, both at baseline (mean ACTH levels=275 pg/ml, urinary free cortisol excretion=3.898 mmol/24 h) and after pharmacodynamic testing (lack of inhibition of ACTH by dexamethasone). Hydrocortisone 52-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 146-150 16794373-7 2006 In fact, post-dexamethasone cortisol concentrations have a negative correlation with basal ACTH levels and a positive correlation with midnight cortisol concentrations as well as the size of the incidentally discovered adrenal mass. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 16478816-8 2006 RESULTS: Depressed women manifested increased approximate entropy, indicating more disorderly secretion, of ACTH and elevated forward cross-approximate entropy of ACTH on cortisol, denoting unopposed ACTH drive. Hydrocortisone 171-179 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 163-167 16478816-8 2006 RESULTS: Depressed women manifested increased approximate entropy, indicating more disorderly secretion, of ACTH and elevated forward cross-approximate entropy of ACTH on cortisol, denoting unopposed ACTH drive. Hydrocortisone 171-179 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 163-167 16585961-6 2006 This cortisol biosynthesis was maximal at 8-9 wpc under the regulation of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 74-78 16502111-7 2006 During ACTH treatment, a significant increase was recorded in total leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage (p>0.05 to p>0.0001), along with the increase in blood cortisol concentration, whereas percentage lymphocyte count showed a significant decrease. Hydrocortisone 171-179 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 7-11 16410297-7 2006 NDP-MSH also attenuated ACTH (P < 0.001) and cortisol (P = 0.02) responses. Hydrocortisone 48-56 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 4-7 16766369-13 2006 In addition, a negative correlation after the 1 microg ACTH stimulation test between peak cortisol levels and disease duration was detected. Hydrocortisone 90-98 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 55-59 16421439-2 2006 Laboratory investigation revealed an adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-dependent cyclical Cushing"s syndrome characterised by remarkable variations in urinary cortisol excretions ranging from 27 to 28,050 nmol/ 24 h. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI ) of the pituitary was normal and ectopic ACTH production was suspected. Hydrocortisone 152-160 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 25310332-11 2006 Whether responders to ACTH with high baseline cortisol levels (> 34 microg/dL) have tissue resistance to cortisol and also should receive exogenous hormones remains to be evaluated in clinical trials. Hydrocortisone 46-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 22-26 25310332-11 2006 Whether responders to ACTH with high baseline cortisol levels (> 34 microg/dL) have tissue resistance to cortisol and also should receive exogenous hormones remains to be evaluated in clinical trials. Hydrocortisone 108-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 22-26 16430723-9 2006 CONCLUSIONS: The salivary low-dose ACTH test yields results that parallel the response of circulating cortisol to ACTH and may provide an alternative to the blood test, particularly in situations where increased CBG levels complicate the changes in serum cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 102-110 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 35-39 16430723-9 2006 CONCLUSIONS: The salivary low-dose ACTH test yields results that parallel the response of circulating cortisol to ACTH and may provide an alternative to the blood test, particularly in situations where increased CBG levels complicate the changes in serum cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 102-110 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 114-118 16794802-1 2006 Cushing"s syndrome caused by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH) is an extremely rare disease, which shows bilateral macronodular adrenal hypertrophy and autonomous cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 217-225 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-56 17077949-1 2006 Isolated ACTH deficiency (IAD) is a rare disorder, characterized by secondary adrenal insufficiency (AI) with low or absent cortisol production, normal secretion of pituitary hormones other than ACTH and the absence of structural pituitary defects. Hydrocortisone 124-132 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 9-13 16794802-1 2006 Cushing"s syndrome caused by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH) is an extremely rare disease, which shows bilateral macronodular adrenal hypertrophy and autonomous cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 217-225 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 15727954-1 2005 The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis is a stress-adaptive neuroendocrine ensemble, in which adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) drives cortisol secretion (feedforward) and cortisol restrains ACTH outflow (feedback). Hydrocortisone 128-136 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 115-119 16189170-3 2005 The patients developed hyperpigmentation and increasing ACTH at nadir 2-4 h after morning hydrocortisone dose. Hydrocortisone 90-104 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 56-60 16189170-4 2005 ACTH during Rosiglitazone therapy (4 mg/day for 4 weeks and then 8 mg/day) was measured at regular intervals 24 h after the latest dose of hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 139-153 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 16061068-13 2005 We conclude that POMC and cortisol are both involved in the low-water stress response during which cortisol may serve as a negative regulator of POMC expression in catfish. Hydrocortisone 26-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 145-149 15998354-13 2005 With regard to the cortisol exposure, the results should be viewed in the light of calculations, presented in the paper, that 1 mg of ACTH is equivalent to 90 mg of cortisol administered parenterally. Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 134-138 16087057-3 2005 Cerebrospinal fluid cortisol was 10-fold higher with ACTH treatment (n = 26), but was unchanged with oral steroid treatment (n = 18) or no treatment (n = 25). Hydrocortisone 20-28 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 16087057-5 2005 In ACTH-treated children, cerebrospinal fluid and serum cortisol were highly correlated (r = 0.96, P = 0.0001), with a mean ratio of cerebrospinal fluid to serum cortisol of approximately 1:10. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 3-7 16087057-5 2005 In ACTH-treated children, cerebrospinal fluid and serum cortisol were highly correlated (r = 0.96, P = 0.0001), with a mean ratio of cerebrospinal fluid to serum cortisol of approximately 1:10. Hydrocortisone 162-170 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 3-7 16088999-9 2005 Plasma ACTH significantly decreased over the course of the study in the placebo group, but not the medication groups [corrected] Lower basal concentrations of ACTH and cortisol were associated with quicker relapse in the placebo group only. Hydrocortisone 168-176 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 7-11 15886236-8 2005 CONCLUSION: In moderate and major stress situations, cortisol concentrations in patients without hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal disease were higher after stimulation with 250 microg compared with 1 mug ACTH. Hydrocortisone 53-61 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 202-206 15727954-7 2005 An identical analytical strategy revealed that ACTH --> cortisol feedforward synchrony decreases (P < 0.001), whereas cortisol --> ACTH feedback synchrony increases (P < 0.001), in response to hypocortisolemia. Hydrocortisone 59-67 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 15721055-6 2005 A repeated measures 2-way ANOVA to compare responses to metoclopramide over time between the two groups yielded a significant group by time interaction for cortisol (F=11.3, df=6, 108, p<0.001) and ACTH (F=15.65, df=6, 108, p<0.002). Hydrocortisone 156-164 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 201-205 15783246-6 2005 The most exciting news, however, in the pharmacologic approach to Cushing syndrome refers to the adrenal corticotropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone; ACTH)-independent forms, in which aberrant adrenal receptors, through the binding of their respective ligands, could lead to chronic cortisol overproduction. Hydrocortisone 282-290 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 149-153 15705925-1 2005 CONTEXT: Cortisol secretion is usually under the control of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 9-17 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 15572653-4 2005 CRH and ACTH also enhanced production of cortisol and corticosterone, and cortisol production was also stimulated by progesterone. Hydrocortisone 41-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 8-12 15509636-4 2005 Our data demonstrate a highly significant correlation between the serum cortisol concentration and the expression of ANXA1 in neutrophils, both before and after ACTH treatment, and thus suggest that ANXA1 may serve as a marker of glucocorticoid sensitivity. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 161-165 15730412-5 2005 Spontaneous cortisol secretion (mean < 145 nmol/l) was arbitrarily used as the "gold-standard" in the diagnosis of ACTH insufficiency as it offered a reflection of endogenous cortisol mileu. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 118-122 15730412-9 2005 Two out of three patients with ACTH insufficiency who passed the test were symptomatic with fatigue, poor growth and hypoglycaemia that resolved with hydrocortisone treatment. Hydrocortisone 150-164 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 31-35 15673970-11 2005 Clinically, they responded well to hydrocortisone replacement therapy with almost normal plasma ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 35-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 96-100 15727807-0 2005 Biochemical and Ionic signaling mechanisms for ACTH-stimulated cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 63-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 15727807-10 2005 The tonic control of the expression of AZF cell ion channels through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suggests that prolonged stimulation of the AZF cell by ACTH may alter the electrical properties of these cells in a manner which matches the organism"s requirement for cortisol. Hydrocortisone 277-285 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 164-168 15218981-3 2004 Hence, this study was designed to assess the adequacy of cortisol response to 1 microg 1-24 adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) at 0800 h and 1600 h in patients with sellar and suprasellar mass lesions. Hydrocortisone 57-65 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 15666826-0 2004 ACTH regulates steroidogenic gene expression and cortisol biosynthesis in the human adrenal cortex via sphingolipid metabolism. Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 15666826-11 2004 Finally, these findings suggest that sphingolipids may serve as signaling mediators in ACTH-stimulated cortisol biosynthesis. Hydrocortisone 103-111 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 87-91 15128701-9 2004 As the primary receptor mediating the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone, which regulates endogenous cortisol levels, CRHR1 plays a pivotal, pleiotropic role in steroid biology. Hydrocortisone 105-113 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-76 15128284-1 2004 The capacity of the adrenal to produce cortisol is controlled in part by 21-hydroxylase (CYP21) and the production of androgens by 17-hydroxylase/17-20-lyase (CYP17), in response to secretagogues including ACTH, angiotensin-II (A-II) and insulin. Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 206-210 15579180-2 2004 The aims of this study were to: (a) find the minimal intramuscular ACTH dose that induced serum and salivary cortisol and aldosterone responses equivalent to those obtained after a pharmacological dose of ACTH; and (b) define the minimum normal salivary cortisol and aldosterone responses in healthy subjects to that dose of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 109-117 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 15343517-12 2004 Because 2 of these patients seemed to require postoperative cortisol supplementation that otherwise would not have been given, clinicians should be notified about ACTH immunostaining in adenomas from patients without preoperative diagnoses of Cushing"s disease, to optimize postoperative care. Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 163-167 15016624-12 2004 During the cortisol infusion, the ACTH response was eliminated in both groups, with ACTH levels significantly lower in the LTH group (P < 0.05). Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 34-38 15240582-6 2004 Accordingly, after CRH stimulation, subjects with CCC/CCC showed a higher ACTH/cortisol ratio (P < 0.05) suggesting a decreased adrenal responsiveness to endogenous ACTH. Hydrocortisone 79-87 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 168-172 15240582-7 2004 In conclusion, we describe an ACTH receptor promoter polymorphism that results in a lower promoter activity in vitro and is associated with a lower cortisol secretion to prolonged ACTH stimulation in vivo. Hydrocortisone 148-156 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 30-34 15001614-7 2004 Serum cortisol after the 1-mg test correlated with baseline urinary free cortisol (r = 0.705, P < 0.001), plasma ACTH level (r = 0.322, P = 0.001), and urinary free cortisol after the 2-d test (r = 0.709, P = 0.001). Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 116-120 15279075-12 2004 In conclusion, the cortisol and DHEA responses to a very low and a supra-maximal ACTH dose in patients with AN were similar to those in healthy subjects, indicating that the sensitivity to ACTH of the fasciculata and reticularis adrenal zones is preserved in this condition. Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 81-85 15198296-8 2004 Changing the night dose of hydrocortisone into dexamethasone, to obtain prolonged ACTH suppression, had resulted in better adrenal suppression in only one patient. Hydrocortisone 27-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 15118271-5 2004 Surgical removal of left adrenocortical adenoma and 6-month replacement of hydrocortisone have ameliorated both ACTH and cortisol responses to CRH loading test. Hydrocortisone 75-89 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 112-116 15351948-3 2004 Familial type I hyperaldosteronism is the result of anomalous regulation of aldosterone secretion from ACTH (which normally regulates cortisol synthesis). Hydrocortisone 134-142 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 103-107 14519100-11 2003 Furthermore, ACTH stimulates cortisol production in part through enhanced P450c21 expression in the eel interrenal. Hydrocortisone 29-37 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 14758573-2 2004 In a group of healthy male volunteers, we compared ACTH-induced cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) secretion after pre-treatment with orciprenaline, propranolol or placebo. Hydrocortisone 64-72 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 51-55 15145089-3 2004 Pro-opiomelanocortin in the anterior pituitary and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) were significantly reduced in cortisol-treated monkeys in comparison with controls. Hydrocortisone 184-192 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-20 14767873-6 2004 Circulating cortisol concentrations after the low-dose ACTH test were correlated significantly with those obtained after the standard-dose ACTH test (r = 0.814, P <.001). Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 55-59 14767873-6 2004 Circulating cortisol concentrations after the low-dose ACTH test were correlated significantly with those obtained after the standard-dose ACTH test (r = 0.814, P <.001). Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 139-143 13680163-9 2003 The suppression of ACTH after pretreatment with megestrol was less pronounced than after pretreatment with hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 107-121 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 19-23 12842865-9 2003 In contrast, the basal ACTH secretion rate and regularity of interpulse-interval lengths were invariant of day/night segmentation and cortisol availability. Hydrocortisone 134-142 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 12842865-10 2003 In conclusion, unknown diurnal factors and systemic cortisol concentrations codetermine ACTH secretory-burst waveform, frequency, and mass, whereas neither mechanism regulates basal ACTH release or regularity of the burst-renewal process. Hydrocortisone 52-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 88-92 12794402-10 2003 Serum cortisol in nine septic patients who failed the ACTH stimulation test had an initial concentration of 11.3 +/- 1.8 microg/dL, and it increased at time 30 mins to 14.0 +/- 1.9 microg/dL and at 60 mins to 15.7 +/- 1.8 microg/dL. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 54-58 12750844-7 2003 Ectopic ACTH of low biological activity is considered to be the reason for a discrepancy in the plasma levels of ACTH and cortisol. Hydrocortisone 122-130 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 8-12 12843158-11 2003 The basal cortisol levels and the cortisol levels in the ACTH test (30 min) and the ACTH test (60 min) were significantly lower in the patient group compared with controls. Hydrocortisone 34-42 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 57-61 12727972-5 2003 Steroid hormone production (cortisol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) in NCI-h295 cells was decreased by 1-28-POMC in a concentration-dependent fashion. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 138-142 12952371-2 2003 He had been treated with hydrocortisone for isolated ACTH deficiency for 9 yr. At autopsy, the pituitary and the adrenal glands were atrophic. Hydrocortisone 25-39 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 12798499-6 2003 In these cells, increasing doses of ACTH produced a dose-dependent stimulation of both 6betaOHF and cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 100-108 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 12906367-9 2003 ACTH and cortisol stimulation was higher in patients admitted between 04:00 h and 16:00 h than in patients admitted between 16:00 h and 04:00 h In patients without AMI, coronarography induced a moderate, but significant short-lasting ACTH and cortisol stimulation. Hydrocortisone 9-17 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 234-238 12906367-9 2003 ACTH and cortisol stimulation was higher in patients admitted between 04:00 h and 16:00 h than in patients admitted between 16:00 h and 04:00 h In patients without AMI, coronarography induced a moderate, but significant short-lasting ACTH and cortisol stimulation. Hydrocortisone 243-251 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 12519858-8 2003 ACTH induced cortisol production by cells from both patients (Delta F, 135 and 159%). Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 12510010-3 2003 Preliminary data suggest that the ACTH response to pentagastrin may be differentiated from the response to exogenous corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) by its relative resistance to cortisol feedback inhibition. Hydrocortisone 185-193 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 34-38 12571170-8 2003 Stepwise regression analysis, after exclusion of testosterone, revealed significant correlations between the groups (lean controls, obese controls, infertility) and ACTH-stimulated 11-deoxycortisol/cortisol ratio (P < 0.05), but not with fasting glucose, insulin, cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol and baseline 11-deoxycortisol/cortisol ratios. Hydrocortisone 189-197 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 165-169 12571170-8 2003 Stepwise regression analysis, after exclusion of testosterone, revealed significant correlations between the groups (lean controls, obese controls, infertility) and ACTH-stimulated 11-deoxycortisol/cortisol ratio (P < 0.05), but not with fasting glucose, insulin, cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol and baseline 11-deoxycortisol/cortisol ratios. Hydrocortisone 198-206 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 165-169 12571170-8 2003 Stepwise regression analysis, after exclusion of testosterone, revealed significant correlations between the groups (lean controls, obese controls, infertility) and ACTH-stimulated 11-deoxycortisol/cortisol ratio (P < 0.05), but not with fasting glucose, insulin, cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol and baseline 11-deoxycortisol/cortisol ratios. Hydrocortisone 198-206 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 165-169 12527850-5 2002 RESULTS: Before Ramadan, cortisol level was higher at 8 a.m. (749.5 +/- 207 nmol/l) than at 8 p.m. (195.18 +/- 79 nmol/l, p<0.001) and the incremental cortisol response to exo genous ACTH was higher at 8 a.m. (peak at 1.167 +/- 46 nmol/l) than at 8 p.m. (peak at 950 nmol/l) (NS). Hydrocortisone 25-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 186-190 12614635-5 2003 In chronic depressions, however, enhanced adrenal responsiveness to ACTH and glucocorticoid negative feedback work in complementary fashion so that cortisol levels remain elevated while ACTH levels are reduced. Hydrocortisone 148-156 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 68-72 12865574-4 2003 Serum cortisol levels were within normal levels with a sub optimal response to stimulation by ACTH. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 12636203-4 2002 METHODS: In this retrospective study, we examined the relationship among the mean basal morning cortisol level and the peak cortisol level stimulated by intravenous injection of 250 microg synthetic ACTH in 106 unstressed patients with proven or suspected hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal disease. Hydrocortisone 96-104 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 199-203 12636203-4 2002 METHODS: In this retrospective study, we examined the relationship among the mean basal morning cortisol level and the peak cortisol level stimulated by intravenous injection of 250 microg synthetic ACTH in 106 unstressed patients with proven or suspected hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal disease. Hydrocortisone 124-132 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 199-203 12636203-12 2002 CONCLUSIONS: The mean morning cortisol level is a cost-effective screening test in predicting the results of the ACTH test. Hydrocortisone 30-38 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 12636203-13 2002 A mean morning cortisol level > or = 300 nmol/L in suspicious cases of adrenal insufficiency which are not due to acute central etiologies excludes the possibility of subnormal cortisol response to ACTH; whereas a level < 110 nmol/L is likely to have subnormal cortisol response to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 288-292 12636203-14 2002 The short ACTH test or insulin tolerance test should be performed in patients with a morning cortisol level 300 nmol/L or with clinical symptoms highly suggestive of adrenal insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 93-101 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 11979054-8 2002 Elderly subjects had a slower decrease in ACTH levels (percent of baseline level) during the first 30 min after cortisol administration. Hydrocortisone 112-120 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 42-46 12530675-4 2002 In contrast, fibronectin and laminin decreased cell responsiveness to ACTH in terms of cortisol secretion, but enhanced ACTH-stimulated androgen secretion. Hydrocortisone 87-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 70-74 12110495-6 2002 Peak serum cortisol levels following stimulation with low-dose (0.625 microg) ACTH (1-24) were <18 microg/dl in 16 of 30 (53%) patients, of whom 9 had a basal serum cortisol level of <5 microg/dl. Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 78-82 12050196-3 2002 Hydrocortisone treatment was started and was modified later to include prednisolone to get optimal suppression of the secretion of ACTH and adrenal steroids. Hydrocortisone 0-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 11994370-14 2002 These differences reflect bidirectional interactions between the GH/IGF-I axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in humans, and are likely to evolve as a result of the exogenous administration of hydrocortisone at fixed doses and at specific time intervals, which leads to a more regular pattern in circulating cortisol concentrations, independent of variations in CRH and ACTH concentrations. Hydrocortisone 202-216 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 379-383 11932324-7 2002 In contrast, fibronectin and laminin decreased cell responsiveness to ACTH in terms of cortisol secretion, but enhanced ACTH-stimulated androgen secretion. Hydrocortisone 87-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 70-74 12381548-3 2002 Observation of the pathophysiological effect of chronically elevated ACTH and cortisol values in patients with ectopic ACTH secretion complements the available data from acute studies of the effects of ACTH and glucocorticoid infusions in normal volunteers. Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 119-123 12381548-3 2002 Observation of the pathophysiological effect of chronically elevated ACTH and cortisol values in patients with ectopic ACTH secretion complements the available data from acute studies of the effects of ACTH and glucocorticoid infusions in normal volunteers. Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 119-123 12153741-8 2002 Cultured cell suspensions of the tumour secreted ACTH, which stimulated cortisol production in the ipsilateral adrenocortical cells. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 11889187-9 2002 We conclude that the response of cortisol and 17-OHP to ACTH stimulation in preterm infants is related to fetal growth. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 56-60 12780978-8 2002 All three of the patients with baseline cortisol levels of <7 &mgr;g/dL had low-normal ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 12055988-11 2002 Cortisol levels are abnormal in people with abdominal obesity who exhibit an increase in urinary free cortisol but exhibit normal or decreased serum cortisol and normal ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 169-173 11815774-4 2002 ACTH increased cortisol levels in plasma from 12.3 +/- 6.4 to 30.3 +/- 13.2 microg/dL (P <.0001) and in saliva from 1.0 +/- 0.8 to 2.6 +/- 1.0 microg/dL (P <.0001). Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 11729034-3 2001 RESULTS: Differences between the patients and the comparison subjects in the ACTH response to the cortisol infusion, relative to the ACTH response to placebo, were not found. Hydrocortisone 98-106 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 77-81 11895222-14 2001 In both CRH and ACTH tests, AAUC of cortisol response was lower in Hyper than in Eu, although the basal cortisol level was not different. Hydrocortisone 36-44 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-20 11704624-2 2001 Since in the pituitary gland, beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are produced from the same precursor molecule, pro-opiomelanocortin, it may be expected that alterations in plasma ACTH and cortisol levels should parallel changes in plasma beta-EP levels during alcohol withdrawal. Hydrocortisone 218-226 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 30-44 11704624-2 2001 Since in the pituitary gland, beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are produced from the same precursor molecule, pro-opiomelanocortin, it may be expected that alterations in plasma ACTH and cortisol levels should parallel changes in plasma beta-EP levels during alcohol withdrawal. Hydrocortisone 218-226 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-53 11704624-2 2001 Since in the pituitary gland, beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are produced from the same precursor molecule, pro-opiomelanocortin, it may be expected that alterations in plasma ACTH and cortisol levels should parallel changes in plasma beta-EP levels during alcohol withdrawal. Hydrocortisone 218-226 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-86 11704624-2 2001 Since in the pituitary gland, beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are produced from the same precursor molecule, pro-opiomelanocortin, it may be expected that alterations in plasma ACTH and cortisol levels should parallel changes in plasma beta-EP levels during alcohol withdrawal. Hydrocortisone 218-226 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 88-92 11576621-4 2001 RESULTS: The cortisol/cortisone ratios were significantly higher in patients with Cushing"s disease (13.9 +/- 1.1), adrenal tumors (11.5 +/- 2.3), and in healthy volunteers after ACTH stimulation (14.1 +/- 2.0) than in untreated controls (6.0 +/- 0.5) (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, and P < 0.001, respectively). Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 179-183 11701735-11 2001 At the level of 24-h ACTH rhythmicity, cortisol withdrawal enhanced the daily rhythm in ACTH secretory burst mass by 29-fold, elevated the mesor by 16-fold, and delayed the acrophase by 3.4 h from 0831 h to 1154 h (each P < 10(-3)). Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 11701735-11 2001 At the level of 24-h ACTH rhythmicity, cortisol withdrawal enhanced the daily rhythm in ACTH secretory burst mass by 29-fold, elevated the mesor by 16-fold, and delayed the acrophase by 3.4 h from 0831 h to 1154 h (each P < 10(-3)). Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 88-92 11549634-6 2001 Basal plasma ACTH was decreased in obese groups given low- or high-dose hydrocortisone during the day (P < 0.05) but not during the night, unlike controls who responded to hydrocortisone both during the day and at night (P < 0.05). Hydrocortisone 72-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 11587098-8 2001 Serum cortisol was increased in all patients after synthetic ACTH in jection. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 61-65 11592568-2 2001 Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) or unresponsiveness to ACTH at the receptor level is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary syndrome characterized by a low cortisol level despite high serum ACTH concentration. Hydrocortisone 164-172 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 11549655-3 2001 Vessel dilator, kaliuretic hormone, long-acting natriuretic hormone, and atrial natriuretic hormone decreased circulating ACTH concentrations 58%, 80%, 81%, and 70% (P < 0.001) and the circulating concentration of cortisol 73%, 72%, 73%, and 67% (P < 0.001), respectively. Hydrocortisone 217-225 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 122-126 11549662-6 2001 The cortisol response to ACTH was associated with increased (CTG)(n) expansions in myotonic dystrophy men and women (P < 0.01). Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 25-29 11549691-2 2001 It is characterized by a severe decline in cortisol secretion, which results in a compensatory increase in ACTH and consequent adrenal growth (hyperplasia). Hydrocortisone 43-51 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 107-111 11529397-7 2001 Delaying puberty is an option in septo-optic dysplasia, and minimising the dose of hydrocortisone is crucial in treating ACTH/cortisol insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 83-97 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 121-125 11507684-8 2001 The incidence of positive findings indicating autonomy of cortisol secretion was as follows: suppressed basal plasma ACTH level in 44%, loss of normal diurnal rhythm in 79%, lack of ACTH response to CRF in 35%, decreased plasma DHEA-S level in 28%, significant laterality of 131I-adosterol uptake in 75%, atrophy of the contralateral side of the adrenal on CT scan in 6%, and histological atrophy of the adjacent adrenal cortex in 56%, respectively. Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 117-121 11353684-0 2001 Pregnancy alters cortisol feedback inhibition of stimulated ACTH: studies in adrenalectomized ewes. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 11380490-11 2001 Interestingly, the correlation between ACTH and cortisol peak responses in patients with Cushing"s disease was significantly greater for human than for ovine CRH (r = 0.68 vs. r = 0.41, P < 0.01, respectively). Hydrocortisone 48-56 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 39-43 11523908-5 2001 Removal of the tumor, which was an ACTH producing carcinoid, resulted in normalization of ACTH and cortisol concentrations. Hydrocortisone 99-107 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 35-39 11394339-2 2001 In the presence of cortisol excess, the diagnosis of small-cell carcinoma and ectopic ACTH production seems likely. Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 11282691-5 2001 In the ACTH(1-24) stimulation test, abused women without major depressive disorder exhibited lower baseline and stimulated plasma cortisol concentrations. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 7-11 11104854-3 2000 We chose to examine the DHEA and DHEA/cortisol response to the novel low-dose ACTH test in healthy subjects and a cohort with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): this test is useful in assessing subtle irregularities of pituitary-adrenal activity. Hydrocortisone 38-46 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 78-82 11158007-1 2001 We have previously shown that when tested in the morning, older men and women, pretreated with metyrapone to block endogenous cortisol synthesis, exhibit delayed suppression of plasma ACTH in response to cortisol infusion. Hydrocortisone 204-212 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 184-188 11158007-5 2001 When corrections were made for differences in circulating cortisol concentrations achieved among age and gender subgroups, feedback inhibition of ACTH was found to be significantly greater in young than in old subjects of both genders. Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 146-150 11292178-1 2000 The suppressive effect of aldosterone secretion-inhibitory factor (ASIF) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP-32) on the basal and ACTH-stimulated cortisol production in a primary culture enriched with guinea pig Zona Fasciculata (ZF) cells was further studied. Hydrocortisone 145-153 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 129-133 11104854-6 2000 The DHEA/cortisol ratio decreased in response to ACTH stimulation in healthy subjects but not in the CFS cohort. Hydrocortisone 9-17 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 11141589-5 2000 Ultimately, isolated ACTH deficiency was diagnosed after documentation of subnormal random serum cortisol and ACTH levels as well as urinary free cortisol concentrations. Hydrocortisone 97-105 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 11271081-8 2000 CONCLUSIONS: (a) During proposed regimens of "low-dose" hydrocortisone therapy, initially achieved plasma cortisol concentrations considerably exceed basal and ACTH stimulated levels. Hydrocortisone 56-70 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 160-164 11239675-8 2000 In keeping with comparable findings in rats, our observations indicate that frustrative nonreward elicits ACTH-stimulated secretion of cortisol in primates. Hydrocortisone 135-143 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 106-110 11216381-2 2000 Inhibited formation of cortisol causes increase in the release of ACTH in turn leading to overproduction of adrenal androgens. Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-70 11198559-4 2000 INVESTIGATIONS: After exclusion of cardiovascular and neurologic disorders as reason for the repeated syncopes a detailed endocrine diagnostic screening was performed, which revealed a deficiency of cortisol with missing increase of cortisol in the ACTH stimulation test. Hydrocortisone 233-241 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 249-253 10984555-2 2000 Since 1 microg ACTH produces an equivalent +30 min cortisol response to 250 microg in control subjects, the 250 microg dose is supraphysiological and may lack sensitivity for the diagnosis of hypoadrenalism. Hydrocortisone 51-59 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 10999799-2 2000 It is classically performed administering 250.0 microg ACTH(1-24) although 1.0 microg ACTH dose has been reported having maximal stimulatory effect on cortisol levels in normal subjects. Hydrocortisone 151-159 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 10999799-3 2000 We aimed to define the maximal and the minimal stimulatory ACTH dose on cortisol, aldosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in humans. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 10913942-6 2000 RESULTS: In 24 patients with active Cushing"s disease a significant ACTH/cortisol response (P<0.001) was induced by either desmopressin (ACTH from a baseline of 15.3+/-2.7 pmol/l to a peak of 40.9+/-7.3 pmol/l; cortisol from 673+/-59 nmol/l to 1171+/-90 nmol/l) or CRH (ACTH from a basal of 14. Hydrocortisone 73-81 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 10913942-6 2000 RESULTS: In 24 patients with active Cushing"s disease a significant ACTH/cortisol response (P<0.001) was induced by either desmopressin (ACTH from a baseline of 15.3+/-2.7 pmol/l to a peak of 40.9+/-7.3 pmol/l; cortisol from 673+/-59 nmol/l to 1171+/-90 nmol/l) or CRH (ACTH from a basal of 14. Hydrocortisone 214-222 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 68-72 10913942-6 2000 RESULTS: In 24 patients with active Cushing"s disease a significant ACTH/cortisol response (P<0.001) was induced by either desmopressin (ACTH from a baseline of 15.3+/-2.7 pmol/l to a peak of 40.9+/-7.3 pmol/l; cortisol from 673+/-59 nmol/l to 1171+/-90 nmol/l) or CRH (ACTH from a basal of 14. Hydrocortisone 214-222 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 10927053-0 2000 Adrenocortical hyperresponsivity to adrenocorticotropic hormone: a mechanism favoring the normal production of cortisol in 21-hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia. Hydrocortisone 111-119 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-63 10913942-6 2000 RESULTS: In 24 patients with active Cushing"s disease a significant ACTH/cortisol response (P<0.001) was induced by either desmopressin (ACTH from a baseline of 15.3+/-2.7 pmol/l to a peak of 40.9+/-7.3 pmol/l; cortisol from 673+/-59 nmol/l to 1171+/-90 nmol/l) or CRH (ACTH from a basal of 14. Hydrocortisone 73-81 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 10913942-6 2000 RESULTS: In 24 patients with active Cushing"s disease a significant ACTH/cortisol response (P<0.001) was induced by either desmopressin (ACTH from a baseline of 15.3+/-2.7 pmol/l to a peak of 40.9+/-7.3 pmol/l; cortisol from 673+/-59 nmol/l to 1171+/-90 nmol/l) or CRH (ACTH from a basal of 14. Hydrocortisone 214-222 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 10727684-3 2000 In the continuous ACTH loading test, the plasma concentration of uric acid and oxypurines (hypoxanthine and xanthine) decreased, and the urinary excretion and fractional clearance of them increased as well as the plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of cortisol. Hydrocortisone 260-268 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 18-22 10818281-6 2000 After ACTH treatment, dominant females had significantly higher cortisol concentrations, as well as higher peak and net integrated cortisol responses to ACTH, than did subordinate and ovariectomized animals; the latter two groups showed comparable cortisol responses to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 131-139 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 153-157 10818281-6 2000 After ACTH treatment, dominant females had significantly higher cortisol concentrations, as well as higher peak and net integrated cortisol responses to ACTH, than did subordinate and ovariectomized animals; the latter two groups showed comparable cortisol responses to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 131-139 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 153-157 10818281-6 2000 After ACTH treatment, dominant females had significantly higher cortisol concentrations, as well as higher peak and net integrated cortisol responses to ACTH, than did subordinate and ovariectomized animals; the latter two groups showed comparable cortisol responses to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 131-139 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 153-157 10818281-6 2000 After ACTH treatment, dominant females had significantly higher cortisol concentrations, as well as higher peak and net integrated cortisol responses to ACTH, than did subordinate and ovariectomized animals; the latter two groups showed comparable cortisol responses to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 131-139 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 153-157 10818281-7 2000 These results suggest that dampened adrenocortical responsiveness to ACTH contributes to chronic reductions in cortisol levels in subordinate female marmosets and may be mediated by suppression of reproductive hormones. Hydrocortisone 111-119 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 69-73 10792342-13 2000 The increase in cortisol levels was preceded by a corresponding ACTH increase. Hydrocortisone 16-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 10882146-0 2000 Comparative analysis of plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone and cortisol responses to ACTH in patients with various adrenal tumors before and after unilateral adrenalectomy. Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 80-84 10882146-5 2000 Basal and ACTH-stimulated plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone and cortisol concentrations are reported. Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 10882146-10 2000 In patients with non-hyperfunctioning adrenal tumors, ACTH-stimulated plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone and cortisol concentrations significantly correlated with the size of the tumors. Hydrocortisone 104-112 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 54-58 10882146-11 2000 These results firmly indicate that the tumoral mass itself may be responsible for the increased plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone and cortisol responses after ACTH stimulation in patients with non-hyperfunctioning and hyperfunctioning adrenal adenomas. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 155-159 10854707-7 2000 Finally, we show that LIF can significantly enhance basal and ACTH-induced production of cortisol and aldosterone in NCI-H295 cells. Hydrocortisone 89-97 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 62-66 10929083-3 2000 We assessed, in young adult squirrel monkeys, postnatal rearing effects on cortisol-induced suppression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) stimulated secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 168-195 10929083-3 2000 We assessed, in young adult squirrel monkeys, postnatal rearing effects on cortisol-induced suppression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) stimulated secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 197-201 10887750-1 2000 In order to elucidate the effect of stress on reproductive hormones, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) on the plasma levels of cortisol, progesterone, oestradiol-17 beta and prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite in ovariectomized gilts. Hydrocortisone 188-196 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 129-156 10887750-1 2000 In order to elucidate the effect of stress on reproductive hormones, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) on the plasma levels of cortisol, progesterone, oestradiol-17 beta and prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite in ovariectomized gilts. Hydrocortisone 188-196 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 158-162 10887750-5 2000 The administration of ACTH was followed by a concomitant elevation of cortisol, progesterone and prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite but not of oestradiol-17 beta. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 22-26 10887750-6 2000 Peak cortisol, progesterone and prostaglandin F2 alpha metabolite levels were reached at 80 +/- 10.0, 80 +/- 10.0 and 46.6 +/- 13.3 min after ACTH administration and the durations of the peaks were 181.8 +/- 19.8, 308.1 +/- 49.7 and 181.8 +/- 7.9 min, respectively. Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 142-146 10853709-7 2000 Peak cortisol levels were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group after both 1 microg and 250 microg ACTH administration (p<0.05). Hydrocortisone 5-13 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 129-133 10770182-5 2000 In addition, the positive correlations between ACTH-cortisol, ACTH-DHEA, and cortisol-DHEA, observed in the normal controls, were weakened or abolished in the patients (both total and RA subset). Hydrocortisone 52-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 10770182-5 2000 In addition, the positive correlations between ACTH-cortisol, ACTH-DHEA, and cortisol-DHEA, observed in the normal controls, were weakened or abolished in the patients (both total and RA subset). Hydrocortisone 77-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 10853709-10 2000 This study shows that 1 microg ACTH iv gives an equivalent peak cortisol value to 250 microg ACTH in patients with activated HPA axis. Hydrocortisone 64-72 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 31-35 10651753-8 2000 A strong correlation between the cortisol and ACTH responses in the healthy subjects was completely lost in the patients and the slope of the ACTH-cortisol dose-response relationship varied greatly between individuals, with no overall increase. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-50 10651756-2 2000 Previous reports suggest that enhanced peripheral metabolism of cortisol results in decreased negative feedback suppression of ACTH secretion, either by enhanced inactivation of cortisol by 5alpha-reductase or impaired reactivation of cortisol by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1). Hydrocortisone 64-72 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 127-131 10651756-2 2000 Previous reports suggest that enhanced peripheral metabolism of cortisol results in decreased negative feedback suppression of ACTH secretion, either by enhanced inactivation of cortisol by 5alpha-reductase or impaired reactivation of cortisol by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1). Hydrocortisone 178-186 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 127-131 10651756-2 2000 Previous reports suggest that enhanced peripheral metabolism of cortisol results in decreased negative feedback suppression of ACTH secretion, either by enhanced inactivation of cortisol by 5alpha-reductase or impaired reactivation of cortisol by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1). Hydrocortisone 178-186 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 127-131 10816638-4 1999 A specific melanocortin acting on a specific MCR regulates a particular biological response; for example, alpha-MSH on MCR1 increases melanogenesis within melanocytes, ACTH on MCR2 increases cortisol production within adrenal zona fasciculata cells. Hydrocortisone 191-199 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 168-172 10826524-0 2000 Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with a rapid reduction of cortisol level in a patient with ectopic ACTH syndrome treated by octreotide and ketoconazole. Hydrocortisone 68-76 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 10710274-9 1999 In conclusion, the origin of hypokalemia in our patient with ectopic ACTH secretion was secondary to cortisol. Hydrocortisone 101-109 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 69-73 10639826-4 1999 ACTH stimulate secretion of cortisol and DHEA-S. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 11150886-2 2000 Patients with the dissociation between plasma ACTH and serum cortisol levels (DAC) showed a sustained elevation of serum cortisol level on the first or second postoperative day, while the plasma ACTH level returned to its preoperative state. Hydrocortisone 61-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 195-199 11150886-2 2000 Patients with the dissociation between plasma ACTH and serum cortisol levels (DAC) showed a sustained elevation of serum cortisol level on the first or second postoperative day, while the plasma ACTH level returned to its preoperative state. Hydrocortisone 121-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-50 10468984-3 1999 To evaluate the reproducibility of the 1 microg-test, we assessed both day-to-day and diurnal variations of cortisol responses to 1 microg ACTH injection. Hydrocortisone 108-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 139-143 10385220-7 1999 These results strongly suggest that IFN-alpha-2b reduces ACTH-induced production of cortisol in bovine adrenal fasciculata cells by affecting the early process of cortisol synthesis. Hydrocortisone 84-92 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 57-61 10409573-3 1999 This study presents the reactions of adrenocorticosteroids (cortisol and aldosterone) and sex steroids [testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate (DHAS)] 1) to a dexamethasone (Dex) treatment, which is expected to lower steroid levels via the ACTH blockade, and 2) to an exercise bout at maximal O(2) consumption, which is expected to increase steroid production via ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 275-279 10409573-3 1999 This study presents the reactions of adrenocorticosteroids (cortisol and aldosterone) and sex steroids [testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate (DHAS)] 1) to a dexamethasone (Dex) treatment, which is expected to lower steroid levels via the ACTH blockade, and 2) to an exercise bout at maximal O(2) consumption, which is expected to increase steroid production via ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 399-403 10409573-5 1999 After exercise, plasma ACTH rose to 600% of basal value, resulting in a significant increase in aldosterone and adrenal androgens, but cortisol and DHAS were unaffected. Hydrocortisone 135-143 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 10468933-16 1999 Following adrenal stimulation, urinary epitestosterone glucuronide increases considerably in hypogonadal men but this increase is masked in eugonadal men because testicular production is probably suppressed by the ACTH-induced rise in cortisol. Hydrocortisone 235-243 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 214-218 10097248-8 1999 In pituitary-dependent Cushing"s patients, plasma ACTH correlated positively with mean levels of spontaneous NK activity (r=0.64, P<0.05) and negatively with cortisol-dependent percentage inhibition (r=-0.69, P<0.02). Hydrocortisone 161-169 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 50-54 10385220-7 1999 These results strongly suggest that IFN-alpha-2b reduces ACTH-induced production of cortisol in bovine adrenal fasciculata cells by affecting the early process of cortisol synthesis. Hydrocortisone 163-171 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 57-61 10022398-7 1999 A 50% increase in ACTH or cortisol levels after CRH yielded a diagnostic accuracy of 86% and 61%, respectively, in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent CS. Hydrocortisone 26-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 145-149 10218877-2 1999 The power of the 6.5-14.0 Hz physiological "alpha" rhythm of the electroencephalogram (EEG) proved inverted-U correlated with the ACTH concentration (with maximum power at 12-14 pmol/l ACTH) but was independent from the extent of ACTH change or from cortisol/glucose concentrations. Hydrocortisone 250-258 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 130-134 10094227-0 1999 Using "off the shelf", computer programs to mine additional insights from published data: diurnal variation in potency of ACTH stimulation of cortisol secretion revealed. Hydrocortisone 142-150 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 122-126 10426585-0 1999 A case of congenital hypopituitarism: difficulty in the diagnosis of ACTH deficiency due to high serum cortisol levels from a hypothyroid state. Hydrocortisone 103-111 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 69-73 10426585-6 1999 The present findings showed that serum cortisol levels can be high during a stressful episode in an infant with ACTH deficiency and a coexisting hypothyroid state. Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 112-116 9809193-2 1998 In humans, the hypertensive effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) infusion are reproduced by intravenous or oral cortisol. Hydrocortisone 121-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 39-66 9916859-9 1998 In 44 patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disease 1 microg ACTH caused a cortisol rise similar to that of normal subjects (from 332+/-17 to 769+/-24 nmol/l; P<0.001), while an impaired response (from 124+/-23 to 312+/-46 nmol/l) was observed in 13 cases (23%), 7 of them with low morning cortisol levels (10-127 nmol/l) and 6 with basal values at the lower limit of normality. Hydrocortisone 74-82 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 9806762-5 1998 ACTH and angiotensin II evoked a marked rise in the secretion of cortisol and B, but unexpectedly depressed the release of cortisone and DH-B. Hydrocortisone 65-73 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 9809193-2 1998 In humans, the hypertensive effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) infusion are reproduced by intravenous or oral cortisol. Hydrocortisone 121-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 68-72 12114716-2 1998 Rarely, an ectopic carcinoid tumor can elaborate sufficient amounts of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to result in cortisol excess and Cushing"s Syndrome. Hydrocortisone 119-127 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 71-98 12114716-2 1998 Rarely, an ectopic carcinoid tumor can elaborate sufficient amounts of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to result in cortisol excess and Cushing"s Syndrome. Hydrocortisone 119-127 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 100-104 9781630-11 1998 Following exposure to intermittent hypoglycemia in healthy humans, fasting morning ACTH and cortisol levels are reduced and the incremental cortisol response to an infusion of ACTH is enhanced. Hydrocortisone 140-148 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 176-180 9824829-3 1998 Thus, the mean circadian level of melatonin, by determining the manner and rapidity of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) cleavage, would also determine the mean proopiomelanocortin (POMC) level, maintained in dynamic equilibrium as a result of the simultaneous influence of testosterone, estradiol and cortisol on the intensity of POMC mRNA synthesis. Hydrocortisone 295-303 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 154-173 9824829-3 1998 Thus, the mean circadian level of melatonin, by determining the manner and rapidity of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) cleavage, would also determine the mean proopiomelanocortin (POMC) level, maintained in dynamic equilibrium as a result of the simultaneous influence of testosterone, estradiol and cortisol on the intensity of POMC mRNA synthesis. Hydrocortisone 295-303 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 175-179 9824829-3 1998 Thus, the mean circadian level of melatonin, by determining the manner and rapidity of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) cleavage, would also determine the mean proopiomelanocortin (POMC) level, maintained in dynamic equilibrium as a result of the simultaneous influence of testosterone, estradiol and cortisol on the intensity of POMC mRNA synthesis. Hydrocortisone 295-303 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 175-179 9781630-12 1998 The enhanced cortisol response to exogenous ACTH infusion after intervening hypoglycemia (but not intervening euglycemia) may reflect priming of the adrenal gland by endogenous ACTH produced during the hypoglycemia. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-48 9781630-12 1998 The enhanced cortisol response to exogenous ACTH infusion after intervening hypoglycemia (but not intervening euglycemia) may reflect priming of the adrenal gland by endogenous ACTH produced during the hypoglycemia. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 177-181 9745451-2 1998 Because MR shows a very high affinity for cortisol, it has been suggested that MR plays an important role in restraint of CRH and ACTH secretion during the nadir of the circadian rhythm. Hydrocortisone 42-50 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 130-134 9844395-8 1998 Sufficient response of plasma cortisol concentration in rapid ACTH test was seen a little later than recovery of plasma cortisol level. Hydrocortisone 30-38 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 62-66 9861334-10 1998 These results suggested that hypersensitivity to AVP may have contributed to overproduction of cortisol in this case of ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia, and may have contributed to its pathogenesis. Hydrocortisone 95-103 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124 9669518-9 1998 A diminished output of neurotrophic ACTH, causing a reduced adrenocortical secretory reserve, inadequately compensated for by adrenoceptor upregulation, may explain the reduced cortisol production demonstrated in this study. Hydrocortisone 177-185 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 9846170-5 1998 Similarly, IGF-II enhanced ACTH-induced cortisol and DHEA-S secretion more potently than IGF-I. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 9846170-6 1998 In dose-response experiments, the maximum stimulation of ACTH-induced DHEA-S secretion was induced by 1.6 nM IGF-I (2-fold increase) or IGF-II (2.9-fold increase), while the maximum response of cortisol secretion was elicited only at 13 nM IGF-I (2-fold increase) or IGF-II (2.5-fold increase). Hydrocortisone 194-202 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 57-61 9745786-13 1998 Hydrocortisone treatment (30 mg/m2 per day) was initiated after which hyperpigmentation and jaundice decreased and ACTH and ALP levels reduced to 39 pg/mL and 440 IU/l, respectively. Hydrocortisone 0-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 115-119 9650682-6 1998 No notable adverse reactions occurred in the liposteroid group, but transient dysfunction of the thyroid and anterior pituitary gland and increased levels of serum cortisol were experienced in the ACTH group. Hydrocortisone 164-172 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 197-201 9532344-8 1998 CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to major depression, increased cortisol release to ACTH stimulation does not seem to be a feature of AD. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 76-80 9543170-2 1998 To investigate possible abnormalities in the inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids on ACTH secretion in the elderly, we evaluated the endogenous ACTH response to hydrocortisone (25 mg as an i.v. Hydrocortisone 161-175 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 144-148 9543132-10 1998 Increasing the dose of ANP enhanced the late stimulatory effect on ACTH/cortisol release, thereby terminating the early period of inhibited ACTH/cortisol release more abruptly. Hydrocortisone 145-153 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 9592830-3 1998 The proximal muscle weakness was considered to be due to steroid myopathy resulting from the overproduction of cortisol from the adrenal glands induced by the ectopic ACTH secreted by the thymic carcinoid tumor. Hydrocortisone 111-119 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 167-171 9467594-2 1998 For each subject, blood samples were obtained at 10-min intervals for 24 h. Joint ACTH-cortisol synchrony was quantified using the recently introduced cross-approximate entropy (cross-ApEn) statistic. Hydrocortisone 87-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 9579235-7 1998 This effect was not due to the rise in ACTH or cortisol induced by CRH(1-41), since pretreatment with either ACTH or hydrocortisone significantly augmented the GH response to GHRH-(1-29)-NH2 in the same subjects [ACTH/GHRH-(1-29)-NH2 30.3 +/- 8.8 mU/l (P = 0.01); hydrocortisone/GHRH-(1-29)-NH2 36.4 +/- 11.2 mU/l (P = 0.02)]. Hydrocortisone 264-278 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 9579235-7 1998 This effect was not due to the rise in ACTH or cortisol induced by CRH(1-41), since pretreatment with either ACTH or hydrocortisone significantly augmented the GH response to GHRH-(1-29)-NH2 in the same subjects [ACTH/GHRH-(1-29)-NH2 30.3 +/- 8.8 mU/l (P = 0.01); hydrocortisone/GHRH-(1-29)-NH2 36.4 +/- 11.2 mU/l (P = 0.02)]. Hydrocortisone 264-278 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 109-113 9579221-13 1998 CONCLUSIONS: This patient with normal blood cortisol but undetectable ACTH levels showed increased adrenocortical sensitivity to ACTH and two point mutations in the ACTH receptor gene. Hydrocortisone 44-52 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 129-133 9592947-1 1998 The effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration on progesterone and cortisol concentrations was determined in lactating primiparous sows. Hydrocortisone 84-92 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-41 9458911-8 1998 These results suggest that pregnancy resets the basal cortisol concentration required for normalization of basal ACTH concentration. Hydrocortisone 54-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 9516715-7 1998 These data suggest that ACTH activates a GPI-PLC in rat adrenal cortex, which is in agreement with our previous data in calf adrenocortical cells; thus, the hydrolysis of GPI provoked by ACTH takes place in different mammals and the IPG released could inhibit ACTH-mediated synthesis of aldosterone, corticosterone and cortisol. Hydrocortisone 319-327 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 24-28 9516715-7 1998 These data suggest that ACTH activates a GPI-PLC in rat adrenal cortex, which is in agreement with our previous data in calf adrenocortical cells; thus, the hydrolysis of GPI provoked by ACTH takes place in different mammals and the IPG released could inhibit ACTH-mediated synthesis of aldosterone, corticosterone and cortisol. Hydrocortisone 319-327 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 187-191 9516715-7 1998 These data suggest that ACTH activates a GPI-PLC in rat adrenal cortex, which is in agreement with our previous data in calf adrenocortical cells; thus, the hydrolysis of GPI provoked by ACTH takes place in different mammals and the IPG released could inhibit ACTH-mediated synthesis of aldosterone, corticosterone and cortisol. Hydrocortisone 319-327 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 187-191 9592947-1 1998 The effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) administration on progesterone and cortisol concentrations was determined in lactating primiparous sows. Hydrocortisone 84-92 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 43-47 9648345-1 1998 A retrospective analysis of 26 adrenocortical tumors responsible for Cushing"s syndrome showed that vasopressin induced an ACTH-independent cortisol response in seven cases (27%). Hydrocortisone 140-148 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 123-127 9516061-1 1998 The effects of hypercortisolemia and ACTH on the metabolism of cortisol in congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Cushing"s syndrome, and exogenous ACTH and cortisol administration were investigated by analysis of the respective urinary tetrahydro-metabolites of cortisol (THF and aTHF) and cortisone (THE) by capillary gas chromatography. Hydrocortisone 63-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 9516061-1 1998 The effects of hypercortisolemia and ACTH on the metabolism of cortisol in congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Cushing"s syndrome, and exogenous ACTH and cortisol administration were investigated by analysis of the respective urinary tetrahydro-metabolites of cortisol (THF and aTHF) and cortisone (THE) by capillary gas chromatography. Hydrocortisone 63-71 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 9516061-3 1998 In contrast elevated plasma cortisol levels (adrenal adenoma or intravenous cortisol administration) in the presence of suppressed ACTH secretion leads to significant inhibition of the peripheral conversion of cortisol to cortisone. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 9516061-3 1998 In contrast elevated plasma cortisol levels (adrenal adenoma or intravenous cortisol administration) in the presence of suppressed ACTH secretion leads to significant inhibition of the peripheral conversion of cortisol to cortisone. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 9516061-3 1998 In contrast elevated plasma cortisol levels (adrenal adenoma or intravenous cortisol administration) in the presence of suppressed ACTH secretion leads to significant inhibition of the peripheral conversion of cortisol to cortisone. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 131-135 9516061-4 1998 The latter results are equivalent to the mode of cortisol metabolism noted during clinical states of ACTH hypersecretion and hypercortisolemia (Cushing"s disease, ectopic ACTH syndrome and ACTH administration). Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 101-105 9516061-4 1998 The latter results are equivalent to the mode of cortisol metabolism noted during clinical states of ACTH hypersecretion and hypercortisolemia (Cushing"s disease, ectopic ACTH syndrome and ACTH administration). Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 171-175 9516061-4 1998 The latter results are equivalent to the mode of cortisol metabolism noted during clinical states of ACTH hypersecretion and hypercortisolemia (Cushing"s disease, ectopic ACTH syndrome and ACTH administration). Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 171-175 9499229-1 1997 UNLABELLED: Surgical or conservative treatment of ACTH-producing tumors results in acute drop of the previously excessively high cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 129-137 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 50-54 9329338-1 1997 Cushing"s disease refers specifically to an ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma that stimulates excess cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 100-108 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-48 9342457-0 1997 Rate of decline of cortisol concentrations in ovarian follicles following ACTH treatment in the sow. Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 74-78 9466321-8 1997 In conclusion, it was suggested that ACTH-induced cortisol secretion may be mediated by both PKC and protein kinase A in adrenocortical adenomas, and that PKC-mediated signal transduction may be involved in ACTH-induced cortisol secretion in CPA. Hydrocortisone 50-58 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 9466321-8 1997 In conclusion, it was suggested that ACTH-induced cortisol secretion may be mediated by both PKC and protein kinase A in adrenocortical adenomas, and that PKC-mediated signal transduction may be involved in ACTH-induced cortisol secretion in CPA. Hydrocortisone 220-228 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 9466321-8 1997 In conclusion, it was suggested that ACTH-induced cortisol secretion may be mediated by both PKC and protein kinase A in adrenocortical adenomas, and that PKC-mediated signal transduction may be involved in ACTH-induced cortisol secretion in CPA. Hydrocortisone 220-228 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 207-211 9364364-6 1997 Although no biochemical model can yet adequately explain the impairment in cortisol response to ACTH in these patients, it seems prudent to take this lack of cortisol response into consideration. Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 96-100 9173967-3 1997 In comparison to low responders, high responders exhibited significantly 1) higher plasma ACTH responses to exercise after placebo and Dex; 2) higher plasma AVP secretion with exercise after placebo and marked Dex- and hydrocortisone-induced enhancement of exercise-induced AVP secretion; 3) lower Dex-induced increases in basal and stimulated growth hormone secretion; 4) higher plasma ACTH responses to infusion of AVP; and 5) a trend (P = 0.09) for higher trait anxiety ratings. Hydrocortisone 219-233 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 387-391 9274708-4 1997 Thus, the the extreme fluctuations of plasma cortisol levels are most probably due to unexplained erratic changes of ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 45-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 117-121 9229358-3 1997 In experiment I, we compared the effect of simultaneous administration of VP (0.5 IU i.v., within 6 min) and CRH (50 micrograms bolus i.v., in the third min of VP infusion) on the secretion of ACTH, cortisol and GH in healthy men during the first nocturnal epoch of slow wave sleep (SWS) and during nocturnal wakefulness. Hydrocortisone 199-207 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 193-197 15251472-5 1997 Two patients with ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors had false-positive responses to both ACTH and cortisol after oCRH was administered. Hydrocortisone 94-102 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 9203227-8 1997 Compared to placebo, cortisol infusion produced a significant decrease in plasma ACTH levels beginning within 60 min from the start of the infusion. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 81-85 9141522-7 1997 As expected, ACTH, forskolin, and cAMP markedly increased the production of cortisol by 26-, 10-, and 13-fold, respectively, and that of DHEA-S by 5.4-, 4.6-, and 5.5-fold, respectively, compared with basal levels. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 9141522-8 1997 IGF-II (100 ng/mL) significantly (P < 0.001) increased ACTH-, forskolin-, and cAMP-stimulated production of cortisol by 2.4-, 4.3-, and 3.2-fold, respectively, and that of DHEA-S by 1.4, 1.6-, and 1.4-fold, respectively. Hydrocortisone 111-119 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 9141522-9 1997 IGF-I (100 ng/mL) had similar effects as IGF-II and significantly (P < 0.001) increased ACTH-, forskolin-, and cAMP-stimulated production of cortisol by 2.8-, 3.9-, and 3.1-fold, respectively, and that of DHEA-S by 1.3-, 1.6-, and 1.4-fold, respectively. Hydrocortisone 144-152 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 9141522-12 1997 With respect to cortisol production, IGF-II shifted the ACTH dose-response curve to the left by 1 log10 order of magnitude. Hydrocortisone 16-24 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 56-60 9174848-9 1997 Blunted meal-related response of gastrointestinal hormones and decreased satiety in female runners after ACTH stimulation compared to sedentary women are probably due to difference in the effect of cortisol, which could be explained by cortisol insensitivity as a result of basal hypercortisolism in the athletes. Hydrocortisone 198-206 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 105-109 9248349-9 1997 Her muscle cramps improved markedly after two weeks of hydrocortisone replacement therapy and resolved after three weeks, suggesting that this symptom was closely related to isolated ACTH deficiency. Hydrocortisone 55-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 183-187 9203227-9 1997 We conclude that cortisol infusion produces early inhibition of ACTH secretion in normal humans. Hydrocortisone 17-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 9152616-3 1997 A significant increase in plasma cortisol levels in response to ACTH stimulation was observed in both cases. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 64-68 9122146-4 1997 SEVERAL APPLICATIONS: Salivary cortisol level can be an appropriate tool in screening for adrenal insufficiency, using the short ACTH injection test, evaluating hypercorticism through the circadian cycle of cortisol and overnight dexamethasone suppression test either at the physician"s office or in the patient"s home. Hydrocortisone 31-39 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 129-133 9071353-2 1997 Preliminary evidence from studies of squirrel monkeys suggests that social separation-induced hypersecretion of cortisol is initially driven by hypersecretion of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 112-120 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 162-166 9032777-7 1997 Feedback sensitivity was estimated by the latency to and extent of decline of plasma ACTH concentration during and following the cortisol infusion. Hydrocortisone 129-137 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 85-89 9032777-11 1997 Older subjects exhibited delayed and blunted ACTH responses to infused cortisol. Hydrocortisone 71-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 45-49 9032777-12 1997 Within older subjects, the ACTH response to the higher dose cortisol infusion was blunted in older women compared to older men. Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 8958791-4 1996 beta-End brought about significant increases in the delta 4 or DHEA to cortisol ratios. Hydrocortisone 71-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-8 8923833-13 1996 Endogenous cortisol modulates multiple components of dynamical ACTH secretion through composite effects that appear to be mediated through structurally and functionally distinct regulatory domains. Hydrocortisone 11-19 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 63-67 8958791-10 1996 If blood levels of these peptides rise to herald adrenarche as reported for beta-End, suppression of cortisol production may result in an increase in ACTH to correct cortisol levels resulting in an increase in delta 4 and DHEA levels. Hydrocortisone 101-109 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 76-84 8958791-10 1996 If blood levels of these peptides rise to herald adrenarche as reported for beta-End, suppression of cortisol production may result in an increase in ACTH to correct cortisol levels resulting in an increase in delta 4 and DHEA levels. Hydrocortisone 101-109 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 150-154 8760213-0 1996 Inhibition of stimulated and basal ACTH by cortisol during ovine pregnancy. Hydrocortisone 43-51 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 35-39 8768833-10 1996 The pattern of response of the 17-OH-progesterone/cortisol ratio to ACTH stimulation in patients with 21-OH autoantibodies was not consistent with the autoantibodies inhibiting the 21-OH activity. Hydrocortisone 50-58 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 68-72 8784063-6 1996 Plasma ACTH and cortisol levels did not increase after human CRH administration, but fasting plasma cortisol levels increased after ACTH treatment. Hydrocortisone 100-108 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 132-136 8784063-11 1996 Cortisol production by cultured adrenal adenoma cells from the patient was stimulated by GIP and ACTH. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 97-101 8844875-12 1996 Thus, the blunted ACTH response to the behavioral challenge might be related to hypercortisolemia suggesting that the pituitary corticotroph cell in metastatic cancer is appropriately restrained possibly by the negative feedback effects of chronic cortisol elevations. Hydrocortisone 85-93 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 18-22 8626849-4 1996 Basal ACTH concentrations were higher during the night shift than during the day shift (12.9 +/- 5.1 pmol.L-1 vs. 4.7 +/- 1.2 pmol.L-1, P < 0.01) whereas cortisol concentrations were lower (551 +/- 48 nmol.L - 1 vs. 871 +/- 132 nmol.L - 1, P < 0.01). Hydrocortisone 157-165 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 6-10 8832340-13 1996 CONCLUSIONS: Lower cortisol concentrations in the very severely injured might be due to failure of the adrenal cortex to respond normally to ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 141-145 8842762-1 1996 A 40-year-old man with Addison"s disease due to adrenal tuberculosis retained high levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) after conventional hydrocortisone replacement. Hydrocortisone 147-161 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-120 8842762-1 1996 A 40-year-old man with Addison"s disease due to adrenal tuberculosis retained high levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) after conventional hydrocortisone replacement. Hydrocortisone 147-161 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 122-126 8842762-2 1996 Plasma ACTH levels were completely suppressed by usual replacement with hydrocortisone (20 mg at 8:00 and 10 mg at 21:00) but rebounded to abnormally high levels the following morning. Hydrocortisone 72-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 7-11 8842762-6 1996 The combination of hydrocortisone and dexamethasone reduced plasma ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 19-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 8636289-6 1996 During hypoglycemia, ACTH levels were significantly correlated with cortisol levels (r = 0.43; P < 0.05). Hydrocortisone 68-76 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 8706308-8 1996 No significant correlations were observed between CRH and ACTH, whereas, as expected, ACTH and cortisol concentrations were strongly correlated with each other over time (r = 0.32 and 0.70 at lag time 30 minutes for the daytime and night-time groups, respectively), with ACTH leading cortisol. Hydrocortisone 284-292 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 8706308-8 1996 No significant correlations were observed between CRH and ACTH, whereas, as expected, ACTH and cortisol concentrations were strongly correlated with each other over time (r = 0.32 and 0.70 at lag time 30 minutes for the daytime and night-time groups, respectively), with ACTH leading cortisol. Hydrocortisone 284-292 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 8636348-1 1996 The hereditary syndrome of unresponsiveness to ACTH is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by low levels of serum cortisol and high levels of plasma ACTH. Hydrocortisone 128-136 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 8849565-3 1996 It is suggested that partial ACTH deficiency may prevent involution of the adrenal cortex and preserve the cortisol response to ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 107-115 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 8636289-11 1996 We conclude that 1) ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine responses during hypoglycemia are reduced in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control; 2) the lower cortisol response is correlated with reduced ACTH levels; and 3) in healthy subjects, the cortisol response to hypoglycemia is abolished by adrenocortical blockade with metyrapone, whereas the epinephrine response to hypoglycemia remains intact. Hydrocortisone 152-160 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 197-201 8849565-3 1996 It is suggested that partial ACTH deficiency may prevent involution of the adrenal cortex and preserve the cortisol response to ACTH stimulation. Hydrocortisone 107-115 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 128-132 8849568-10 1996 RESULTS: There was a highly significant correlation between peak cortisol values during ITT and cortisol levels after 20-60 minutes in the low dose ACTH test (r(s) = 0.91-0.93; P < 0.0001) and after 30 and 60 minutes in the standard ACTH test (r(s) = 0.85 and 0.89 respectively; P < 0.0001). Hydrocortisone 65-73 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 148-152 8849568-13 1996 The standard ACTH test and the insulin tolerance test may thus be replaced by the 1-microg ACTH test in screening for secondary cortisol insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 128-136 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 8636289-11 1996 We conclude that 1) ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine responses during hypoglycemia are reduced in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control; 2) the lower cortisol response is correlated with reduced ACTH levels; and 3) in healthy subjects, the cortisol response to hypoglycemia is abolished by adrenocortical blockade with metyrapone, whereas the epinephrine response to hypoglycemia remains intact. Hydrocortisone 152-160 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 197-201 8529574-9 1995 As a result of this cascade of events, there is an increase in expression of pituitary POMC/ACTH and key enzymes, e.g. 3 beta-HSD and P-450 17 alpha-hydroxylase, important for de novo cortisol formation by, and consequently maturation of, the fetal adrenal gland. Hydrocortisone 184-192 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 87-91 8731325-2 1996 Inhibition of the formation of cortisol results in an increased pituitary release of ACTH which in turn drives the adrenal cortex to overproduce androgens. Hydrocortisone 31-39 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 85-89 8771663-2 1996 Measurements of serum levels of ACTH, hydrocortisone, TTH, T3 and T4 recorded supernormal concentrations of ACTH, hydrocortisone and TTH against subnormal concentrations of T3 and T4 in oliguric and polyuric periods of the disease. Hydrocortisone 38-52 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 108-112 8771663-2 1996 Measurements of serum levels of ACTH, hydrocortisone, TTH, T3 and T4 recorded supernormal concentrations of ACTH, hydrocortisone and TTH against subnormal concentrations of T3 and T4 in oliguric and polyuric periods of the disease. Hydrocortisone 114-128 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 32-36 8617662-9 1995 Responses of serum cortisol to an ACTH challenge were lower (representing adrenal depletion arising from stress) in PH than in PHC foals (P = .001) and in paired than in single foals (P = .058). Hydrocortisone 19-27 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 34-38 8529574-9 1995 As a result of this cascade of events, there is an increase in expression of pituitary POMC/ACTH and key enzymes, e.g. 3 beta-HSD and P-450 17 alpha-hydroxylase, important for de novo cortisol formation by, and consequently maturation of, the fetal adrenal gland. Hydrocortisone 184-192 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 92-96 7586600-2 1995 We have investigated the responses of plasma adrenocortical steroids including cortisol, aldosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to physiological doses of ACTH (ACTH 1-24, tetracosactide, Cortrosyn) and determined the minimal dose which induces a response equivalent to that induced by a pharmacological dose of ACTH. Hydrocortisone 79-87 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 161-165 7586600-8 1995 The minimum dose inducing an equivalent response to 250 micrograms ACTH was 0.5 micrograms for peak and incremental values in cortisol and DHEA, while that for aldosterone was 0.1 microgram. Hydrocortisone 126-134 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 7586600-11 1995 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the sensitivity of secretion to physiological doses of ACTH in descending order is aldosterone > DHEA = cortisol. Hydrocortisone 147-155 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 95-99 7586600-12 1995 When peak and incremental values are used, sufficient doses of ACTH are 0.1 microgram for plasma aldosterone and 0.5 microgram for plasma cortisol and DHEA in the rapid ACTH test. Hydrocortisone 138-146 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 63-67 7629238-6 1995 After hydrocortisone ACTH precursors rose in 36% of post-adrenalectomy patients (increase 15-78%) and remained within 10% of basal levels in 46%. Hydrocortisone 6-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 8550955-6 1995 There were highly significant, positive relationships between cortisol and ACTH and between cortisol and androstenedione both in baseline and post-DST conditions. Hydrocortisone 62-70 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 75-79 8556058-7 1995 Serum cortisol increased in response to exogenous ACTH in all 6 patients examined. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 50-54 7611384-8 1995 Cortisol infusion attenuated the hypoxemia-induced increase in CRH mRNA and adrenocorticotropic hormone but was without effect on basal CRH mRNA levels. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 76-103 8582103-10 1995 Slightly but significantly reduced plasma cortisol levels observed in the AII-R APA group may reflect secretion by AII-R APA of a cortisol-like substance that is capable of suppressing ACTH and thus adrenal cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 42-50 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 185-189 7733260-4 1995 This study assessed the capacity of POMC and proACTH to alter cortisol synthesis. Hydrocortisone 62-70 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 7706446-9 1995 The ACTH ED50 values for cortisol production were 8.5 +/- 1.3 and 45 +/- 14 pM (P < 0.02) for BAC cultured at high and low density, respectively. Hydrocortisone 25-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 4-8 7829639-10 1995 The amplitudes of ACTH peaks coincident with cortisol peaks at 0 min time lag were significantly higher than ACTH peaks not temporally coupled with cortisol peaks. Hydrocortisone 45-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 18-22 7723679-9 1995 When peak ACTH responses to CRH and basal cortisol levels were combined, a significant negative correlation was found (r = .545, P < .02). Hydrocortisone 42-50 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 7883855-9 1995 Basal and ACTH-stimulated concentrations of cortisol, corticosterone, and 18-hydroxycorticosterone were unchanged by the concomitant infusion of endothelin-1. Hydrocortisone 44-52 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 7560475-11 1995 Cortisol concentrations had significant but weak correlation with ACTH levels in survivors (r = 0.4; p = 0.03; n = 28) but not in non-survivors (r = 0.03; p = 0.85; n = 52). Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-70 7829639-10 1995 The amplitudes of ACTH peaks coincident with cortisol peaks at 0 min time lag were significantly higher than ACTH peaks not temporally coupled with cortisol peaks. Hydrocortisone 148-156 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 18-22 8584600-2 1995 In the present study, we recruited 37 healthy young men and examined the relations of hardiness, self-esteem and hypomanic personality--dispositions that moderate the effects of psychosocial stress on depressive reactions and health--to circulating levels of cortisol and beta-endorphin at rest. Hydrocortisone 259-267 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 272-286 7770288-10 1995 CONCLUSIONS: At the end of the first week of life, infants who subsequently developed BPD and prolonged oxygen dependence had significantly lower cortisol secretion in response to ACTH than infants who recovered without BPD. Hydrocortisone 146-154 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 180-184 7895901-3 1994 ACTH treatment enhanced the secretion of cortisol and to a lesser extent that of DHAS, and increased the steroidogenic response to an acute stimulation with ACTH. Hydrocortisone 41-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 7895901-5 1994 A-II treatment also increased the secretion of both DHAS and cortisol, but less than ACTH, enhanced the responsiveness to ACTH and increased ACTHR, P450scc and P450 17 alpha mRNA levels. Hydrocortisone 61-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 122-126 7962334-7 1994 The patients were treated with water restriction and by increasing the hydrocortisone replacement dose in the case of ACTH deficiency, and recovery took place, on the average, within 5 days. Hydrocortisone 71-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 118-122 7772741-0 1994 Vitamin C infusion treatment enhances cortisol production of the adrenal via the pituitary ACTH route. Hydrocortisone 38-46 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 91-95 7851624-5 1994 Since daily ACTH injections increased both serum cortisol level and urinary 17-OHCS excretion, the patient was diagnosed as having isolated ACTH deficiency. Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 12-16 7851624-5 1994 Since daily ACTH injections increased both serum cortisol level and urinary 17-OHCS excretion, the patient was diagnosed as having isolated ACTH deficiency. Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 140-144 7958394-6 1994 These results suggest that ACTH is a major regulator of steroid hydroxylase gene expression and subsequent cortisol biosynthesis in vivo in the ovine fetus at 0.4 gestation. Hydrocortisone 107-115 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 8077359-5 1994 The ratios of both corticosterone/11-deoxycorticosterone and cortisol/11-deoxycortisol were abnormally low, and decreased further 60 min after administration of ACTH-(1-24) (250 micrograms) as an i.v. Hydrocortisone 61-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 161-165 8528352-7 1994 However, prolonged ACTH stimulation increased urinary 17-OHCS in both cases, and normalized cortisol response to ACTH in one case. Hydrocortisone 92-100 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 19-23 8065044-4 1994 Tapering of ACTH brought a rapid recovery of T3, T4, TSH and thyroglobulin levels with concomitant return of plasma cortisol levels to the normal range. Hydrocortisone 116-124 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 12-16 8065044-5 1994 These results suggested that excess ACTH suppressed thyroid hormone secretion mainly through a decreased TSH secretion and a peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 by increased cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 172-180 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 7980549-4 1994 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion in response to hyperthermia, hyperosmolarity and hypoxia was demonstrated also, and this secretion could be inhibited by anti-CRF antibodies and by hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 193-207 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-27 7980549-4 1994 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion in response to hyperthermia, hyperosmolarity and hypoxia was demonstrated also, and this secretion could be inhibited by anti-CRF antibodies and by hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone 193-207 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 7978187-23 1994 It is concluded that the stress of cardiac surgery can overcome the block in cortisol synthesis caused by the administration of high-dose etomidate by substantially increasing ACTH secretion. Hydrocortisone 77-85 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 176-180 8528352-7 1994 However, prolonged ACTH stimulation increased urinary 17-OHCS in both cases, and normalized cortisol response to ACTH in one case. Hydrocortisone 92-100 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 113-117 8169562-6 1994 Plasma cortisol levels increased markedly upon ACTH administration and fell to very low levels 11 h later, but those of androstenedione, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, 5-androstene-3 beta,17 beta-diol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate were not affected by ACTH treatment. Hydrocortisone 7-15 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 47-51 8141278-4 1994 Cytochalasin B treatment caused disappearance of microfilaments and blocked the stimulatory action of ACTH and DBcAMP on cortisol secretion. Hydrocortisone 121-129 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 102-106 8106609-7 1994 Patients who had an increased plasma ACTH concentration and symptoms consistent with adrenal insufficiency had a lower mean 24-h urinary free cortisol level than those with normal plasma ACTH (196 +/- 22 vs. 281 +/- 30 nmol/day; P < 0.05). Hydrocortisone 142-150 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 8106609-9 1994 One individual later developed a subnormal ACTH-stimulated cortisol concentration consistent with overt adrenal insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 59-67 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 43-47 8069303-1 1994 Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) is an autosomal recessive syndrome of failure of adrenal cortisol responsiveness to adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). Hydrocortisone 98-106 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 146-150 8130885-10 1994 Hydrocortisone pretreatment in vitro abolished the inhibitory effect of octreotide on ACTH secretion in one octreotide-responsive corticotropic adenoma cell culture. Hydrocortisone 0-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 7904613-3 1994 We report the case of a 45-yr-old woman whose hypercortisolism highly suggested the ectopic ACTH syndrome: elevated urinary free cortisol (3234 nmol/day, normal 28-143) was not suppressed by the high-dose dexamethasone test (2789 nmol/day); increased plasma ACTH (21.8 pmol/L, normal 2-11.4) did not respond to the ovine CRH test (23.8 pmol/L); and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging was negative. Hydrocortisone 51-59 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 92-96 8142300-10 1994 However, the maximally ACTH-stimulated cortisol and A4 responses were not significantly altered in the presence of prolactin 10(-8) M. Insulin 10(-11)-10(-8) M and IGF-1 10(-10)-10(-7) M resulted in no significant increase in cortisol, A4 or dehydroepiandrosterone production. Hydrocortisone 39-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 7904613-3 1994 We report the case of a 45-yr-old woman whose hypercortisolism highly suggested the ectopic ACTH syndrome: elevated urinary free cortisol (3234 nmol/day, normal 28-143) was not suppressed by the high-dose dexamethasone test (2789 nmol/day); increased plasma ACTH (21.8 pmol/L, normal 2-11.4) did not respond to the ovine CRH test (23.8 pmol/L); and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging was negative. Hydrocortisone 51-59 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 258-262 8228790-7 1993 The cortisol response to ACTH correlated positively, but cortisol levels during the OGTT correlated negatively with WHR. Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 25-29 8579765-10 1994 Naloxone administration significantly increased the plasma levels of ACTH/cortisol and LH in the normal controls, but not in the parkinsonian patients before the dopaminergic treatment. Hydrocortisone 74-82 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 69-73 7878187-0 1994 Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on the CRH-ACTH-cortisol system in melancholic depression: preliminary findings. Hydrocortisone 53-61 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 48-52 8228790-9 1993 In multiple regression analyses, BMI and the 2-h ACTH response to glucose were significant predictors of WHR and, in addition, the cortisol ratio, WHR, and BMI of insulin. Hydrocortisone 131-139 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 49-53 8392084-8 1993 Based on a significantly different regression intercept of cortisol pulse height on ACTH pulse height in women than in men (P < 0.001) and a higher ratio of cortisol to ACTH production rates in women than in men (P = 0.013), we suggest that the female adrenal cortex is more responsive to ACTH than its male counterpart in terms of glucocorticoid production. Hydrocortisone 59-67 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 84-88 8251686-1 1993 OBJECTIVE: To report a pharmacodynamic model that describes increases in cortisol concentrations during administration of an adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) infusion, taking into account both steroid secretion and elimination. Hydrocortisone 73-81 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 146-150 8251686-5 1993 CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacodynamic modeling techniques were used to successfully describe the rate of cortisol secretion during an ACTH infusion. Hydrocortisone 96-104 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 125-129 8237244-8 1993 A close relationship between ACTH and cortisol pulses also favored a pituitary dependency. Hydrocortisone 38-46 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 29-33 9831489-1 1993 Based on urinary excretion studies the secretion of the cortisol derivatives, 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol are believed to be regulated by ACTH and to a lesser degree by the renin-angiotensin system. Hydrocortisone 56-64 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 148-152 8393881-12 1993 This abnormality could be central in origin, due to hypersecretion of CRF or ACTH; alternatively, it could represent an adaptive phenomenon secondary to a state of functional cortisol resistance. Hydrocortisone 175-183 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 77-81 8386029-5 1993 In the present study, physiological as well as superphysiological concentrations of two POMC-derived peptides, ACTH and beta-endorphin, were shown not only to affect in vitro spontaneous and lymphokine-inducible NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells, but also to modify cortisol-mediated inhibition. Hydrocortisone 288-296 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 88-92 8481335-4 1993 In pituitary ACTH excess, cortisol production is relatively greater than that of androgens. Hydrocortisone 26-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 8481335-5 1993 In contrast, in some patients with ectopic ACTH production, the excess production of androgens is relatively greater than that of cortisol. Hydrocortisone 130-138 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 43-47 8388880-6 1993 Additionally, nifedipine significantly reduced the proportion of the mean integrated ACTH response that had occurred by 30 min after naloxone administration (32.0 +/- 4.0% for naloxone vs. 17.6 +/- 2.4% for nifedipine/naloxone; P < 0.02) and the proportion of the mean integrated cortisol response by 45 min after naloxone administration (34.7 +/- 3.5% for naloxone vs. 25.0 +/- 2.6% for nifedipine/naloxone; P < 0.02). Hydrocortisone 280-288 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 85-89 8386029-5 1993 In the present study, physiological as well as superphysiological concentrations of two POMC-derived peptides, ACTH and beta-endorphin, were shown not only to affect in vitro spontaneous and lymphokine-inducible NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells, but also to modify cortisol-mediated inhibition. Hydrocortisone 288-296 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 111-115 8386029-5 1993 In the present study, physiological as well as superphysiological concentrations of two POMC-derived peptides, ACTH and beta-endorphin, were shown not only to affect in vitro spontaneous and lymphokine-inducible NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells, but also to modify cortisol-mediated inhibition. Hydrocortisone 288-296 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-134 8386029-9 1993 Moreover, ACTH and beta-endorphin were able to significantly reduce the cortisol-dependent inhibition (p < .05). Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 8386029-9 1993 Moreover, ACTH and beta-endorphin were able to significantly reduce the cortisol-dependent inhibition (p < .05). Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 19-33 8380605-7 1993 Although not significant, the trend for the pulse interval to increase after oral cortisol (60 +/- 6 vs. 72 +/- 9 min) is probably a result of the extremely low levels of ACTH after oral cortisol administration, making peak detection difficult. Hydrocortisone 82-90 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 171-175 8383976-4 1993 ACTH precursor peptides were inhibited within 24 h by 25-50 nM hydrocortisone in primary cultures from a human corticotroph adenoma. Hydrocortisone 63-77 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 8383976-9 1993 When one of the three resistant cell lines (COR L103) was incubated with 2000 nM hydrocortisone or 2000 nM dexamethasone a clear suppression of precursor peptides and POMC mRNA was observed. Hydrocortisone 81-95 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 167-171 8380112-5 1993 The authors describe a case of ectopic ACTH production in a teenaged boy who had longstanding hyperpigmentation, increased ACTH levels, and normal cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 147-155 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 39-43 8380605-11 1993 The marked increase in plasma ACTH that follows acute cortisol deprivation is independent of detectable changes in peripheral plasma levels of CRF or AVP. Hydrocortisone 54-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 30-34 8394971-6 1993 CSF CRH was positively correlated with CSF ACTH, while CSF ACTH was negatively correlated with plasma cortisol. Hydrocortisone 102-110 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 8429271-0 1993 Reproducibility of the cortisol response to stimulation with a low dose of ACTH(1-24): the effect of basal cortisol levels and comparison of low-dose with high-dose secretory dynamics. Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 75-79 1337504-2 1992 We hypothesize that 11 beta-dehydrogenase is inhibited by ACTH, providing a mechanism whereby cortisol induces hypokalaemic alkalosis in ectopic ACTH syndrome. Hydrocortisone 94-102 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 8429271-7 1993 There was a strong positive correlation between the basal cortisol level and peak cortisol concentration after low-dose ACTH stimulation (r = 0.93, P < 0.001) but not between the basal cortisol level and the incremental rise (r = -0.1, P = 0.69). Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124 8429271-7 1993 There was a strong positive correlation between the basal cortisol level and peak cortisol concentration after low-dose ACTH stimulation (r = 0.93, P < 0.001) but not between the basal cortisol level and the incremental rise (r = -0.1, P = 0.69). Hydrocortisone 82-90 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124 1337504-2 1992 We hypothesize that 11 beta-dehydrogenase is inhibited by ACTH, providing a mechanism whereby cortisol induces hypokalaemic alkalosis in ectopic ACTH syndrome. Hydrocortisone 94-102 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 145-149 1337504-4 1992 The effect of ACTH on peripheral plasma cortisol/cortisone ratio was assessed in healthy volunteers during circadian rhythm, insulin induced hypoglycaemia, and infusions with exogenous ACTH or cortisol. Hydrocortisone 40-48 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-18 1339211-1 1992 Serum cortisol in response to ACTH was assessed in 28 patients with moderately severe to far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis. Hydrocortisone 6-14 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 30-34 1337504-10 1992 Plasma cortisol/cortisone ratios were higher in ectopic ACTH syndrome than in other forms of Cushing"s syndrome. Hydrocortisone 7-15 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 56-60 1337504-12 1992 CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral conversion of cortisol to cortisone occurs mainly in the kidney and is inhibited by ACTH. Hydrocortisone 38-46 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 108-112 1337504-13 1992 In ectopic ACTH syndrome the characteristic mineralocorticoid excess can be accounted for by a combination of increased secretion of cortisol, corticosterone and of 11-deoxycorticosterone and decreased inactivation of cortisol and corticosterone by 11 beta-dehydrogenase. Hydrocortisone 133-141 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 1337504-13 1992 In ectopic ACTH syndrome the characteristic mineralocorticoid excess can be accounted for by a combination of increased secretion of cortisol, corticosterone and of 11-deoxycorticosterone and decreased inactivation of cortisol and corticosterone by 11 beta-dehydrogenase. Hydrocortisone 218-226 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 11-15 1333997-8 1992 After hydrocortisone supplementation, TSH response to TRH decreased in 75% of ACTH-deficient patients without primary hypothyroidism but did not decrease in more than half of those with primary hypothyroidism. Hydrocortisone 6-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 78-82 1335555-2 1992 The attenuation of the normal ACTH response to CRH-41 in these subjects is thought to result from inhibition of corticotrophin secretion by elevated cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 149-157 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 30-34 1471455-3 1992 Blockade of cortisol synthesis induced a tenfold increase of plasma ACTH levels accompanied by a moderate increase of CRF secretion (150% vs preinjection levels) and a large increment of AVP secretion (535% vs preinjection levels). Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 68-72 1471455-6 1992 Subsequent hydrocortisone infusion (66 micrograms.kg-1.h-1) for 2 h induced a rapid decrease of both ACTH and AVP secretion, while CRF levels in hypophysial portal blood still remained elevated. Hydrocortisone 11-25 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 101-105 1332993-8 1992 Surprisingly, cortisol infusion at first increased plasma beta-endorphin concentrations. Hydrocortisone 14-22 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-72 1332993-10 1992 These results show (i) that cortisol infusion raises mood significantly in major depression, (ii) that plasma beta-endorphin concentration is a potential marker of major depression (iii) that rather than blunting of corticosteroid effects, responses to cortisol may even be enhanced in depressive illness. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-124 1332993-10 1992 These results show (i) that cortisol infusion raises mood significantly in major depression, (ii) that plasma beta-endorphin concentration is a potential marker of major depression (iii) that rather than blunting of corticosteroid effects, responses to cortisol may even be enhanced in depressive illness. Hydrocortisone 253-261 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-124 1319318-10 1992 Indeed, ACTH-induced cortisol production in ZG became similar to ACTH-induced cortisol production in zona fasciculata cells. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 8-12 1321838-10 1992 Thus, activin selectively suppressed fetal zone proliferation and enhanced the ACTH-induced shift in the cortisol/dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ratio of fetal zone steroid production. Hydrocortisone 105-113 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 79-83 1323921-3 1992 An elevated response of cortisol precursors like 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) to ACTH stimulation is a valuable diagnostic criteria. Hydrocortisone 24-32 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 90-94 1332654-6 1992 Plasma cortisol levels in the rapid ACTH test were significantly increased and judged as normal responses in all subjects. Hydrocortisone 7-15 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 36-40 1562517-2 1992 Inhibited formation of cortisol causes increased pituitary release of ACTH, driving the adrenal cortex to overproduce androgens, whose synthesis does not involve the 21-hydroxylase enzyme. Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 70-74 1319730-7 1992 An increase in plasma ACTH from 4.6 +/- 0.6 to 8.4 +/- 1.0 pmol/l was sufficient to initiate a significant increase in cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 119-127 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 22-26 1319598-7 1992 Higher baseline plasma cortisol was associated with attenuated CRF-induced ACTH responses, but these effects were not pertinent to melancholia. Hydrocortisone 23-31 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 75-79 1323921-8 1992 Six patients demonstrated an increase in both the 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone levels and the 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone/cortisol ratio on ACTH stimulation, almost twice that of the mean +/- 2SD in the control group and ten times that in one patient. Hydrocortisone 123-131 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 141-145 1624677-9 1992 Lastly, the enhanced ACTH responses to the stimuli associated to a reduced cortisol release suggest the existence, in these patients, of a diminished adrenocortical reserve. Hydrocortisone 75-83 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 1345571-4 1992 During remission in Nelson"s syndrome an inverse correlation between cortisol and ACTH concentrations was stated at 8:00 h and after the evaluation of all the pairs of estimations. Hydrocortisone 69-77 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 1592064-9 1992 The changes in concentration in beta-endorphin were significantly related to the changes in cortisol (r = 0.78; P less than 0.01) and to the changes in plasma lactic acid (r = 0.58; P less than 0.05). Hydrocortisone 92-100 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 32-46 1324968-13 1992 The present study suggests that the recovery from hypo-insulinemia may be delayed even after normalization of serum cortisol levels in ACTH deficiency. Hydrocortisone 116-124 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 135-139 1668824-0 1991 Correlation between plasma levels of ACTH and cortisol in basal states and during the CRH test in normal subjects and patients with hypothalamo-pituitary disorders. Hydrocortisone 46-54 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 1370906-1 1992 Results of previous studies indicated that insulin at levels comparable to those in humans during hyperinsulinemia decreased ACTH-stimulated cortisol and androstenedione secretion by bovine adrenal fasciculata-reticularis cells in primary culture. Hydrocortisone 141-149 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 125-129 1370906-5 1992 Insulin (1.7 x 10(-9) or 17.5 x 10(-9) M) caused about a 50% decrease in cortisol and androstenedione secretion in response to ACTH (10(-11) or 10(-8) M). Hydrocortisone 73-81 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 127-131 1668824-4 1991 A significant correlation was observed between the basal levels of plasma ACTH and of cortisol in two age groups, with almost the same regression line, showing no age-related decline in the plasma levels of ACTH and cortisol. Hydrocortisone 86-94 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 74-78 1752063-9 1991 One additional patient with adrenal carcinoma and one with ectopic ACTH syndrome showed lack of control of urinary cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 115-123 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 1830321-1 1991 Basal and ACTH-stimulated plasma levels of cortisol, delta 4-androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were measured in a group of 11 female patients with postadolescent acne resistant to or relapsing after conventional therapy and in a group of 10 normal women without acne or hirsutism. Hydrocortisone 43-51 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 10-14 1651855-4 1991 In a second experiment four unrestrained pigs with indwelling catheters given an iv bolus of vehicle or ACTH (1 IU/kg BW) at 0800 h showed significantly elevated cortisol levels for 3 h after ACTH. Hydrocortisone 162-170 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 104-108 1652926-5 1991 A fast-feedback effect of hydrocortisone on beta-endorphin/beta-lipotropin secretion during the hour of the hydrocortisone infusion was demonstrated in control subjects. Hydrocortisone 26-40 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-58 1652926-5 1991 A fast-feedback effect of hydrocortisone on beta-endorphin/beta-lipotropin secretion during the hour of the hydrocortisone infusion was demonstrated in control subjects. Hydrocortisone 108-122 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 44-58 1664784-9 1991 Responses of ACTH in the brain and pituitary occur independently when cortisol synthesis is inhibited. Hydrocortisone 70-78 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 13-17 1649842-8 1991 Basal ACTH and urinary free cortisol excretion were significantly higher in patients with ectopic ACTH than in those with Cushing"s disease, but overlap existed between groups. Hydrocortisone 28-36 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 98-102 1655852-8 1991 By means of pathway analysis we have established that cortisol non-suppression during a severe depression is completely determined by an augmented ACTH escape from suppression by dexamethasone. Hydrocortisone 54-62 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 147-151 1655852-9 1991 It is concluded that the assay of post-dexamethasone intact ACTH could, in the future, replace post-dexamethasone cortisol determination. Hydrocortisone 114-122 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 60-64 1848739-6 1991 A significant correlation was obtained between plasma ACTH and predexamethasone salivary cortisol levels in the group with nonendogenous depression and in the comparison subjects. Hydrocortisone 89-97 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 54-58 1652434-1 1991 Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-producing tumors of the pituitary gland usually, though not in all cases, initially show evidence of excess cortisol. Hydrocortisone 135-143 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 21-25 1665412-7 1991 A subtotal adenomectomy was then performed through the transsphenoidal approach, which led to a sufficient reduction of both blood GH and ACTH (cortisol). Hydrocortisone 144-152 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 138-142 1848739-0 1991 Salivary cortisol levels and their correlation with plasma ACTH levels in depressed patients before and after the DST. Hydrocortisone 9-17 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 59-63 32357610-1 1991 The diagnosis of pituitary corticotroph adenoma relies on the demonstration of a loss of the normal feedback control of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) biosynthesis by cortisol. Hydrocortisone 171-179 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-147 32357610-1 1991 The diagnosis of pituitary corticotroph adenoma relies on the demonstration of a loss of the normal feedback control of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) biosynthesis by cortisol. Hydrocortisone 171-179 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 149-153 2005201-5 1991 Afternoon cortisol levels in response to ACTH were found to be significantly higher than morning levels at 5 min (254 +/- 50 vs. 144 +/- 36 nmol/L, p less than 0.01) and at 15 min (541 +/- 61 vs. 433 +/- 52 nmol/L, p less than 0.02). Hydrocortisone 10-18 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 41-45 1652748-4 1991 This decrease was higher in controls than in KTP only in healthy subjects a significant correlation between ACTH and cortisol was present. Hydrocortisone 117-125 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 108-112 1645237-5 1991 Using a novel form of time series analysis we have shown that both ACTH and cortisol are secreted with a dominant periodicity of 0.7-1.0 h, representing 24-34 secretory episodes of ACTH and cortisol in 24 h. For cortisol, but not ACTH, there is a significant secondary periodicity of 2-3.2 h. To look for shared periodicities we have used the technique of coherency. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 181-185 26955796-6 1991 Cortisol nonsuppressors showed higher postdexamethasone (only intact) ACTH values than Cortisol suppressors. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 70-74 26955796-8 1991 We have established that Cortisol nonsuppression during melancholia is determined by an augmented escape of ACTH from suppression by dexamethasone. Hydrocortisone 25-33 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 108-112 26955796-9 1991 Intact ACTH showed the most significant clinical relevance for depression and Cortisol nonsuppression. Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 7-11 1645237-5 1991 Using a novel form of time series analysis we have shown that both ACTH and cortisol are secreted with a dominant periodicity of 0.7-1.0 h, representing 24-34 secretory episodes of ACTH and cortisol in 24 h. For cortisol, but not ACTH, there is a significant secondary periodicity of 2-3.2 h. To look for shared periodicities we have used the technique of coherency. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 181-185 1645237-5 1991 Using a novel form of time series analysis we have shown that both ACTH and cortisol are secreted with a dominant periodicity of 0.7-1.0 h, representing 24-34 secretory episodes of ACTH and cortisol in 24 h. For cortisol, but not ACTH, there is a significant secondary periodicity of 2-3.2 h. To look for shared periodicities we have used the technique of coherency. Hydrocortisone 190-198 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 1645237-5 1991 Using a novel form of time series analysis we have shown that both ACTH and cortisol are secreted with a dominant periodicity of 0.7-1.0 h, representing 24-34 secretory episodes of ACTH and cortisol in 24 h. For cortisol, but not ACTH, there is a significant secondary periodicity of 2-3.2 h. To look for shared periodicities we have used the technique of coherency. Hydrocortisone 190-198 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 1847705-5 1991 The time course of the increase in serum cortisol concentrations with continuous ACTH infusion was the same before and during simvastatin therapy, as were the rates of urinary excretion of free cortisol, 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, and 17-ketosteroids. Hydrocortisone 41-49 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 81-85 1847859-10 1991 The secretion of ACTH-stimulated cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and aldosterone was decreased by TPA in both fetal and adult cultures. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 17-21 1666892-7 1991 These data show an inverse relationship between plasma OT and ACTH levels during suckling and breast stimulation in humans, suggesting an inhibitory influence of OT on ACTH/cortisol secretion in a physiological condition. Hydrocortisone 173-181 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 62-66 2003377-12 1991 These methods have been implemented as a collection of short microcomputer programmes, and applied to the study of the temporal relationship between beta-endorphin and cortisol in normal subjects sampled every 10 min for 24 h. This analysis demonstrated concordance between events in the two series, with synchronous occurrence of beta-endorphin and cortisol release events significantly more frequently than expected on the basis of random association (p less than 0.01). Hydrocortisone 168-176 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 149-163 2003377-12 1991 These methods have been implemented as a collection of short microcomputer programmes, and applied to the study of the temporal relationship between beta-endorphin and cortisol in normal subjects sampled every 10 min for 24 h. This analysis demonstrated concordance between events in the two series, with synchronous occurrence of beta-endorphin and cortisol release events significantly more frequently than expected on the basis of random association (p less than 0.01). Hydrocortisone 350-358 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 149-163 1657077-3 1991 When aminoglutethimide is used at the conventional daily dose of 1000 mg in combination with 40 mg of hydrocortisone these effects can result in clinically significant hypothyroidism and increases in the serum levels of oestrone in response to stimulation of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Hydrocortisone 102-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 259-286 1657077-3 1991 When aminoglutethimide is used at the conventional daily dose of 1000 mg in combination with 40 mg of hydrocortisone these effects can result in clinically significant hypothyroidism and increases in the serum levels of oestrone in response to stimulation of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Hydrocortisone 102-116 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 288-292 1826110-5 1991 After an 8-hour infusion with the adrenocorticotropic hormone analog tetracosactide, a similar skin reaction to that seen with oral hydrocortisone was observed, whereas provocations with placebo remained negative. Hydrocortisone 132-146 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 34-61 2172283-3 1990 In three patients with isolated ACTH deficiency, basal plasma ACTH and cortisol levels were undetectablly low, and there was no response noted in the ITT or during CRH-LVP administration throughout the observation period. Hydrocortisone 71-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 32-36 1654925-7 1991 In agreement with the well-known opioid deficiency characterizing the parkinsonian brain, these data show a reduced opioid inhibitory control of ACTH/cortisol secretion in patients with Parkinson"s disease. Hydrocortisone 150-158 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 145-149 1964539-7 1990 A significant increase of serum hormone levels after ACTH administration could be observed for the following hormones: cortisol, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxypregnenolone and dehydroepiandrosterone. Hydrocortisone 119-127 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 53-57 2172280-9 1990 Blockade of cortisol receptors with RU 486 was associated with marked compensatory elevations of plasma ACTH and cortisol and increases in 24-h urinary excretion of 17-hydroxysteroids and free cortisol. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 104-108 2173323-3 1990 The hypothesis tested in this study was that cortisol biosynthesis is minimal in the period 90-120 days because of insufficient ACTH. Hydrocortisone 45-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 128-132 1962860-6 1990 Cortisol nonsuppression during a depressive episode appeared to be determined by an augmented ACTH escape from dexamethasone suppression. Hydrocortisone 0-8 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 2166067-1 1990 Short term suppression of ACTH by dexamethasone effects limited reduction in plasma deoxycorticosterone (DOC) while cortisol levels are almost completely suppressed in normal control subjects. Hydrocortisone 116-124 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 26-30 1965706-5 1990 This may imply that the pattern of secretion of POMC-derived peptides underlying increased cortisol secretion is different in ATD from that in depression. Hydrocortisone 91-99 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 48-52 2166071-7 1990 The validity of ACTH pulse analysis was supported by the significantly nonrandom associations among ACTH, beta-endorphin, and cortisol peaks in the same subjects. Hydrocortisone 126-134 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 16-20 2165424-4 1990 The relationship between ACTH and cortisol pulses in terms of temporal and proportional relationship is described. Hydrocortisone 34-42 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 25-29 2165424-5 1990 Pulse concomitance for ACTH with cortisol was 47% and for cortisol with ACTH pulses it was 60%. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 2165424-5 1990 Pulse concomitance for ACTH with cortisol was 47% and for cortisol with ACTH pulses it was 60%. Hydrocortisone 58-66 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 72-76 2165424-6 1990 The first description of the relationship between concomitant ACTH and cortisol pulse magnitudes in humans is presented. Hydrocortisone 71-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 62-66 2165424-7 1990 A highly significant linear relationship between the magnitudes of ACTH and cortisol pulses is shown. Hydrocortisone 76-84 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 2155251-14 1990 Excess cortisol would lower adrenal androgen secretion by shifting adrenal steroid biosynthesis toward glucocorticoids and decreasing pituitary ACTH secretion via a negative feedback mechanism. Hydrocortisone 7-15 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 144-148 2162262-3 1990 EPO treatment was followed by a significant (ACTH and STH) or moderate (cortisol) suppression of basal plasma levels of ACTH, STH and cortisol respectively, and by a significant reduction of the response of plasma concentrations of these hormones to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124 2162013-16 1990 There was a potent inhibition by hydrocortisone on both basal and stimulated beta-endorphin, confirming that the feedback mechanism of glucocorticoids concomitantly inhibits ACTH and beta-endorphin. Hydrocortisone 33-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 77-91 2162013-16 1990 There was a potent inhibition by hydrocortisone on both basal and stimulated beta-endorphin, confirming that the feedback mechanism of glucocorticoids concomitantly inhibits ACTH and beta-endorphin. Hydrocortisone 33-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 174-178 2162013-16 1990 There was a potent inhibition by hydrocortisone on both basal and stimulated beta-endorphin, confirming that the feedback mechanism of glucocorticoids concomitantly inhibits ACTH and beta-endorphin. Hydrocortisone 33-47 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 183-197 2155255-6 1990 The results clearly indicate that the endogenous cortisol levels greatly influence the ACTH response to CRH, and that the CRH test as commonly performed does not allow a correct evaluation of potential responsiveness of normal pituitaries and Cushing"s adenomas to CRH. Hydrocortisone 49-57 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 87-91 2159485-8 1990 In response to ACTH, cortisol levels rose in inverse proportion to the etomidate dose. Hydrocortisone 21-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 2139059-5 1990 Accordingly, cortisol non-suppressors showed significantly higher post-dexamethasone beta-endorphin levels. Hydrocortisone 13-21 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 85-99 34302540-5 2021 Second, plasma ACTH is low, explained by feedback inhibition by peripherally driven high free cortisol and/or other central glucocorticoid-receptor ligands. Hydrocortisone 94-102 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 1966303-2 1990 Because corticosterone may show greater responsiveness than cortisol to exogenous ACTH in depression and it has behavioural effects in rodents, we determined whether depression is also associated with hypersecretion of corticosterone. Hydrocortisone 60-68 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 33971870-7 2021 The patient was diagnosed with ACTH-dependent Cushing"s syndrome (CS) based on unsuppressed serum cortisol after a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test(LDDST) and remarkably elevated ACTH levels. Hydrocortisone 98-106 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 31-35 34788228-4 2021 The aim of this study was to determine whether an acute infusion of cosyntropin (i.e., ACTH (1-24)), which increases endogenous cortisol, increases serum sclerostin levels as compared to a placebo infusion. Hydrocortisone 128-136 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 87-91 1967615-2 1990 After both short term (24 h) and long term (10 days) exposure to hydrocortisone at concentrations of 500 and 1000 nM, the accumulation of intracellular POMC mRNA, ACTH, and ACTH precursor peptides in the culture medium was not suppressed. Hydrocortisone 65-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 152-156 1967615-2 1990 After both short term (24 h) and long term (10 days) exposure to hydrocortisone at concentrations of 500 and 1000 nM, the accumulation of intracellular POMC mRNA, ACTH, and ACTH precursor peptides in the culture medium was not suppressed. Hydrocortisone 65-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 163-167 1967615-2 1990 After both short term (24 h) and long term (10 days) exposure to hydrocortisone at concentrations of 500 and 1000 nM, the accumulation of intracellular POMC mRNA, ACTH, and ACTH precursor peptides in the culture medium was not suppressed. Hydrocortisone 65-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 173-177 1966779-10 1990 The greater efficacy of metyrapone treatment in elevating ACTH and beta-LPH levels is most likely mediated by sustained reduction in cortisol production and interruption of the rapid steroid feedback on the pituitary. Hydrocortisone 133-141 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 33773184-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Cushing disease (CD), although rare, is a life-threatening disorder caused by an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma, which leads to excess adrenal-derived cortisol. Hydrocortisone 195-203 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 93-120 33773184-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Cushing disease (CD), although rare, is a life-threatening disorder caused by an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma, which leads to excess adrenal-derived cortisol. Hydrocortisone 195-203 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 122-126 33768189-0 2021 New Cutoffs for the Biochemical Diagnosis of Adrenal Insufficiency after ACTH Stimulation using Specific Cortisol Assays. Hydrocortisone 105-113 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 73-77 33768189-1 2021 Context: The normal cortisol response 30 or 60 minutes after cosyntropin (ACTH[1-24]) is considered to be >=18 mug/dL (500 nmol/L). Hydrocortisone 20-28 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 74-78 33768189-4 2021 Objective: To calculate serum cortisol cutoff values for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation testing with newer specific cortisol assays. Hydrocortisone 30-38 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 57-84 33768189-4 2021 Objective: To calculate serum cortisol cutoff values for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation testing with newer specific cortisol assays. Hydrocortisone 30-38 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 86-90 33768189-12 2021 Conclusion: To reduce false positive ACTH stimulation testing, we recommend a new serum cortisol cutoff of 14 to 15 mug/dL depending on the assay used (instead of the historical value of 18 mug/dL with older polyclonal antibody assays). Hydrocortisone 88-96 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 37-41 33032259-1 2020 Objective: Autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) is a condition with ACTH-independent cortisol overproduction from adrenal incidentalomas (AI) or adrenal hyperplasia. Hydrocortisone 22-30 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 33032259-1 2020 Objective: Autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) is a condition with ACTH-independent cortisol overproduction from adrenal incidentalomas (AI) or adrenal hyperplasia. Hydrocortisone 84-92 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-71 34160833-11 2022 Case review showed that the proposed cortisol co-secretors, as identified by the algorithm, had low/suppressed ACTH levels, larger average nodule size, and lower plasma aldosterone. Hydrocortisone 37-45 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 111-115 34905486-7 2021 We hypothesized that the molecular mechanism of the rare case harbor Cushing"s syndrome is due to the identified novel tumor cell type, that is, the secretion of ACTH had a direct effect on the adrenal gland to produce cortisol, while the secretion of CRH can indirectly stimulate the secretion of ACTH from the anterior pituitary. Hydrocortisone 219-227 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 162-166 34302540-6 2021 Third, ICU patients have elevated plasma concentrations of the ACTH-precursor hormone, pro-opiomelanocortin, because of impaired pituitary processing into ACTH, and pro-opiomelanocortin could drive some adrenocortical cortisol production in face of low ACTH. Hydrocortisone 218-226 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 87-107 34302540-6 2021 Third, ICU patients have elevated plasma concentrations of the ACTH-precursor hormone, pro-opiomelanocortin, because of impaired pituitary processing into ACTH, and pro-opiomelanocortin could drive some adrenocortical cortisol production in face of low ACTH. Hydrocortisone 218-226 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 165-185 34849663-6 2021 ACTH causes adrenal gland synthesis and pulsatile release of cortisol; the excess ACTH in these forms of CS leads to the hypercortisolism of endogenous CS. Hydrocortisone 61-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 34849663-6 2021 ACTH causes adrenal gland synthesis and pulsatile release of cortisol; the excess ACTH in these forms of CS leads to the hypercortisolism of endogenous CS. Hydrocortisone 61-69 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 34766565-3 2021 Serum ACTH and cortisol levels were measured at baseline, as well as after 1 month and 3 months of tofogliflozin therapy.Serum ACTH levels were significantly reduced 3 months after tofogliflozin treatment (P < .01). Hydrocortisone 15-23 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 127-131 34912752-9 2021 Treatment with hydrocortisone was recommended to suppress ACTH and it was planned that the patient would eventually start on testosterone (although this would have been complicated by his bilateral PEs). Hydrocortisone 15-29 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 58-62 34254637-8 2021 RESULTS: Patients in Group 1 showed a high prevalence of AHA (33%) and APA (56%) and a significant lower levels of ACTH/cortisol, and GH peak/IGF1 vs controls (all AHA/APA negative). Hydrocortisone 120-128 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 115-119 34254637-9 2021 Patients in Group 1A (13 patients positive at high titers, >=1:32) showed ACTH/cortisol and GH peak/ IGF1 levels significantly lower and more severe forms of ME/CFS with respect to patients in Group 1B (7 positive at middle/low titers,1:16-1:8) and 1C (10 Ab negative patients). Hydrocortisone 79-87 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 74-78 34162776-7 2021 Among the 37 patients whose peak cortisol levels were below 18 mug/dL, 11 patients with ln DHEA-S scores >=-0.853 exhibited significantly higher basal ACTH and basal and peak cortisol levels than the 26 patients with scores <-0.853. Hydrocortisone 33-41 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 151-155 34697763-7 2022 Laboratory investigation revealed increased androgen levels and poor cortisol response to the ACTH stimulation test. Hydrocortisone 69-77 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 94-98 34453262-7 2021 At day 28, the proportion of patients with an abnormal ACTH stimulation test (cortisol levels <= 18 microg/dl) was numerically lower in 0.025% formulations: 5 (20.7%) and 13 (17.2%) compared with 0.05% cream (30.0%), (p = 0.320). Hydrocortisone 78-86 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 55-59 34516312-1 2022 PURPOSE: To test the benefits of Solumedrol treatment in sepsis patients with a blunted adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-cortisol response (delta <13 microg/dL) with regard to the number of days on ventilator, days on intravenous blood pressure support, length of time in an intensive care unit (ICU), 14-day mortality, and 28-day mortality. Hydrocortisone 123-131 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 117-121 34516312-6 2022 All cortisol responses were <12.9 microg/dL between time 0 and time 60, which is defined as a blunted cortisol response to intravenous ACTH administration. Hydrocortisone 4-12 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 135-139 34516312-6 2022 All cortisol responses were <12.9 microg/dL between time 0 and time 60, which is defined as a blunted cortisol response to intravenous ACTH administration. Hydrocortisone 102-110 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 135-139 34590343-14 2022 Exposure to glucocorticoid excess was often linked to this impairment, independent of the cortisol response to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 90-98 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 111-115 34602830-1 2021 Cushing"s disease is an abnormal secretion of ACTH from the pituitary that causes an increase in cortisol production from the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone 97-105 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-50 34516312-14 2022 Seven days of high-dose intravenous Solumedrol treatment (20 mg every 8 h) in patients with a blunted cortisol response to ACTH was associated with an improved 28-day survival. Hydrocortisone 102-110 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 123-127 34514278-8 2021 This ectopic production of ACTH can contribute to an autonomous cortisol production in a paracrine manner. Hydrocortisone 64-72 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 27-31 34582361-19 2021 The use of combined chemotherapy and atezolizumab in the ectopic ACTH syndrome secondary to small-cell lung cancer may cause a precipitous fall in circulating ACTH/cortisol, resulting in symptomatic adrenal insufficiency The advances in cancer therapy and treatment for endocrine paraneoplastic syndrome need to be adapted. Hydrocortisone 164-172 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 159-163 34195532-0 2021 Letter to the Editor from Jialal and Sood: "New Cutoffs for the Biochemical Diagnosis of Adrenal Insufficiency after ACTH Stimulation Using Specific Cortisol Assays". Hydrocortisone 149-157 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 117-121 34466767-0 2021 Letter to the Editor From Powers Carson and Gronowski: "New Cutoffs for the Biochemical Diagnosis of Adrenal Insufficiency After ACTH Stimulation Using Specific Cortisol Assays". Hydrocortisone 161-169 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 129-133 34140212-6 2021 Two of the 11 subjects have confirmed central adrenal insufficiency and are on hydrocortisone replacement and/or stress dosing during illness; 3 had normal and 1 had subnormal cortisol response to ACTH low-dose stimulation test but has not yet been started on therapy; the remaining 5 have upcoming stimulation testing planned. Hydrocortisone 176-184 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 197-201 34253781-2 2021 Recent clinical trials revealed therapeutic potential of both all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acid in patients with cortisol excess due to a pituitary ACTH-secreting adenoma and indicated that retinoids might act also on the adrenal. Hydrocortisone 113-121 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 148-152 34439178-1 2021 Cushing"s Disease (CD) is a rare condition characterized by an overproduction of ACTH by an ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor, resulting in an excess of cortisol release by the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone 150-158 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 81-85 34439178-1 2021 Cushing"s Disease (CD) is a rare condition characterized by an overproduction of ACTH by an ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor, resulting in an excess of cortisol release by the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone 150-158 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 92-96 34278181-0 2021 Response to the Letter to the Editor From Jialal and Sood: "New Cutoffs for the Biochemical Diagnosis of Adrenal Insufficiency After ACTH Stimulation Using Specific Cortisol Assays". Hydrocortisone 165-173 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 133-137 34939910-4 2021 ACTH-independent CS was diagnosed based on low ACTH levels (<1.00 pg/ml), a lack of cortisol circadian rhythms, and unsuppressed cortisol levels by dexamethasone. Hydrocortisone 84-92 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 34220585-12 2021 In type 2 diabetes patients, but not in healthy controls, higher ACTH levels across all measurement points were significantly associated with higher severity of emotional neglect and higher severity of physical neglect was significantly associated with a stronger increase in plasma cortisol from T0 to T1. Hydrocortisone 283-291 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 65-69 34140094-6 2021 Diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency in CKD patients, as in normal subjects, usually is made by finding a subnormal cortisol response to ACTH. Hydrocortisone 114-122 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 135-139 35504198-7 2022 A significant positive correlation was observed between the methylation of CRHR1, CRHR2, and NR3C1 and ACTH levels in patients with PD, and methylation levels of CRHR1 and NR3C1 were significantly positively related to cortisol levels. Hydrocortisone 219-227 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 103-107 34386388-10 2021 Basal and post-ACTH serum cortisol were significantly increased in severe disease or those who died compared to those who were mild or asymptomatic. Hydrocortisone 26-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 34386388-11 2021 Basal and post-ACTH serum cortisol showed a significant positive correlation with hsCRP but not with IL-6. Hydrocortisone 26-34 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 15-19 35414133-10 2022 75% of patients with hypocortisolemia on POD1 demonstrated an adequate cortisol response to ACTH stimulation test. Hydrocortisone 71-79 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 92-96 35514081-6 2022 Additionally, a reduction in the response of cortisol to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation was observed in the rapid ACTH stimulation test. Hydrocortisone 45-53 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 57-84 35596828-12 2022 According to the rapid ACTH test, cortisol responses were significantly decreased in patients with long dialysis vintage compared to those with short dialysis vintage (< 10 years). Hydrocortisone 34-42 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 23-27 35417110-6 2022 The proband was treated with hydrocortisone and 9-alpha fludrocortisone because of the significantly elevated ACTH and renin activity. Hydrocortisone 29-43 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 110-114 35443503-10 2022 The mean cortisol both basal and post intravenous ACTH was significantly lower in cases before ATT compared to after ATT (mean + SD basal cortisol of 367.38+164.08mmol/l before ATT vs 535.32 + 156.39 mmol/l after ATT). Hydrocortisone 9-17 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 50-54 35358303-8 2022 The adrenal cortex, depleted from ACTH-mediated trophic signaling for weeks, may become structurally and functionally impaired, resulting in insufficient cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 154-162 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 34-38 35402053-5 2022 ACTH-dependent Cushing"s syndrome was diagnosed with inappropriately normal ACTH 57.4 ng/L, significantly elevated 24-hour urine free cortisol and unsuppressed cortisol after 1 mg low-dose, 2-day low-dose, and 8 mg high-dose dexamethasone suppression tests. Hydrocortisone 134-142 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 0-4 34986816-1 2022 BACKGROUND: Primary macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PMAH), previously termed ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH), is a rare cause of Cushing"s syndrome usually characterized by functioning adrenal macronodules and increased cortisol production. Hydrocortisone 248-256 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 79-83 35264846-11 2022 There were dose-related effects on 24-hour plasma cortisol, plasma cortisol after ACTH stimulation and osteocalcin, systemic PD markers of glucocorticoid activity. Hydrocortisone 67-75 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 82-86 28846264-0 2022 Cushing Disease Cushing disease is a rare disorder characterized by increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production from the anterior pituitary, leading to excess cortisol release from the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone 171-179 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 78-105 28846264-0 2022 Cushing Disease Cushing disease is a rare disorder characterized by increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production from the anterior pituitary, leading to excess cortisol release from the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone 171-179 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 107-111 35145861-1 2022 Opportunistic infections associated with severe cortisol excess carry a high mortality rate and are most prevalent with ectopic ACTH syndrome. Hydrocortisone 48-56 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 128-132 35038761-7 2022 Patients with ACTH-dependent CS had higher salivary cortisol levels than patients with adrenal CS. Hydrocortisone 52-60 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 14-18 35236065-10 2022 After treatment, there was a statistically significant increase in beta-endorphin level in subgroup 1 children who received HRT without IB, while in children of subgroups A and B (p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively), there was a decrease in ACTH level (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001 respectively) and a trend towards a cortisol level decrease. Hydrocortisone 315-323 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 67-81 34978615-3 2022 The lack of cortisol causes an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which in turn results in an excess of adrenal androgens. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 43-70 34978615-3 2022 The lack of cortisol causes an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which in turn results in an excess of adrenal androgens. Hydrocortisone 12-20 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 72-76 2557655-6 1989 Impaired cortisol response after stimulation with 5 micrograms of ACTH (6 patients) and after hypoglycaemia (4 patients) was identified. Hydrocortisone 9-17 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 66-70 35003466-5 2022 Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease is an ACTH-independent cortisol producing lesion. Hydrocortisone 72-80 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 55-59 2558479-3 1989 Within-subject correlations between bioactive ACTH and cortisol concentrations ranged between 0.86 and 0.95, with an average correlation of 0.93 (86% shared variance). Hydrocortisone 55-63 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 46-50 2559842-5 1989 Selective ACTH and GH deficiency are very rare and the finding of transient GH insufficiency in a patient with isolated ACTH deficiency suggests that repeated testing while on hydrocortisone replacement therapy is of great diagnostic importance in order to distinguish between selective ACTH and GH deficiency and isolated ACTH deficiency accompanied by transient GH insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 176-190 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124 2559842-5 1989 Selective ACTH and GH deficiency are very rare and the finding of transient GH insufficiency in a patient with isolated ACTH deficiency suggests that repeated testing while on hydrocortisone replacement therapy is of great diagnostic importance in order to distinguish between selective ACTH and GH deficiency and isolated ACTH deficiency accompanied by transient GH insufficiency. Hydrocortisone 176-190 proopiomelanocortin Homo sapiens 120-124