PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 24903009-2 2014 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducible enzyme that degrades tryptophan into kynurenine, which, in turn, inhibits effector T cells and promotes regulatory T-cell (Treg) differentiation. Kynurenine 113-123 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 43-65 24528145-2 2014 In cell-mediated immune activation, interferon (IFN)-gamma stimulates macrophage release of neopterin and increases the activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), thereby stimulating tryptophan degradation along the kynurenine pathway. Kynurenine 220-230 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 36-58 24528145-3 2014 Plasma levels of neopterin and the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR) are thus markers of IFN-gamma-mediated inflammation. Kynurenine 35-45 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 89-98 24528145-5 2014 The aim of this study was to investigate associations between markers of IFN-gamma-mediated inflammation and kynurenines with bone mineral density (BMD). Kynurenine 109-120 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 73-82 25186311-2 2015 Using microarray expression analysis, we found that IFNgamma upregulates a set of genes associated with a tryptophan degradation pathway, known as the kynurenine pathway, in osteogenic differentiating human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). Kynurenine 151-161 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 52-60 24817202-1 2014 UNLABELLED: The cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulates neopterin release and tryptophan degradation into kynurenines through the kynurenine pathway. Kynurenine 115-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 25-52 24817202-1 2014 UNLABELLED: The cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulates neopterin release and tryptophan degradation into kynurenines through the kynurenine pathway. Kynurenine 115-125 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 25-52 24817202-4 2014 Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) initiates macrophage release of neopterin and also stimulates degradation of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway as part of cell-mediated immune activation. Kynurenine 127-137 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 24817202-4 2014 Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) initiates macrophage release of neopterin and also stimulates degradation of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway as part of cell-mediated immune activation. Kynurenine 127-137 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 18-27 24817202-5 2014 Plasma neopterin and the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR) are thus markers of IFN-gamma-mediated inflammation. Kynurenine 25-35 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 79-88 23879623-5 2013 We observed a great variability in the levels of IDO1 mRNA expression and kynurenine release between skin cells and melanoma cell lines in response to interferon-gamma, a classical IDO1 inducer. Kynurenine 74-84 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 151-167 24370834-8 2014 Moreover, IFN-gamma strongly upregulates MHC-II molecules and IDO activity in HCEC as reflected by high kynurenine (Kyn) concentrations. Kynurenine 104-114 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 10-19 24370834-8 2014 Moreover, IFN-gamma strongly upregulates MHC-II molecules and IDO activity in HCEC as reflected by high kynurenine (Kyn) concentrations. Kynurenine 116-119 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 10-19 23754498-1 2013 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced tryptophan-degrading enzyme, producing kynurenine (KYN) that participates in the mechanism of tumor immune tolerance. Kynurenine 116-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 40-56 23336953-2 2013 Neopterin production and tryptophan catabolism through the kynurenine pathway, measured by the kynurenine-tryptophan ratio (KTR), are induced by interferon gamma, thus both are considered markers of cell mediated immune activation. Kynurenine 59-69 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 145-161 23732870-2 2013 One of the major mechanisms through which IFNgamma exerts these effects is by inducing expression of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), an enzyme that catalyses the first, rate-limiting step of the kynurenine pathway. Kynurenine 201-211 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 42-50 23732870-7 2013 Due to IFNgamma"s ability to induce IDO1 expression, kynurenine production can also be a measure of human IFNgamma (hIFNgamma) bioactivity. Kynurenine 53-63 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 106-114 23732870-7 2013 Due to IFNgamma"s ability to induce IDO1 expression, kynurenine production can also be a measure of human IFNgamma (hIFNgamma) bioactivity. Kynurenine 53-63 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 116-125 23597432-6 2013 The presence of IFNgamma CA repeat allele 2 homozygous has significant association with higher kynurenine concentrations in controls (F=4.47, p=0.038) as well as in patients (F=3.79, p=0.045). Kynurenine 95-105 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 16-24 23754498-1 2013 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced tryptophan-degrading enzyme, producing kynurenine (KYN) that participates in the mechanism of tumor immune tolerance. Kynurenine 116-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 58-67 23754498-1 2013 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced tryptophan-degrading enzyme, producing kynurenine (KYN) that participates in the mechanism of tumor immune tolerance. Kynurenine 128-131 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 40-56 23754498-1 2013 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced tryptophan-degrading enzyme, producing kynurenine (KYN) that participates in the mechanism of tumor immune tolerance. Kynurenine 128-131 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 58-67 22458995-2 2012 These lower levels may be regarded as a biochemical marker for cellular immune activation, which may lead to increased catabolism of tryptophan into kynurenine via stimulation of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) by interferon-gamma. Kynurenine 149-159 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 227-243 24083022-7 2013 TNF-alpha potentiates interferon-gamma-induced transcriptional activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, the rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan- (TRP-) kynurenine (KYN) metabolism. Kynurenine 153-163 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 22-38 24083022-7 2013 TNF-alpha potentiates interferon-gamma-induced transcriptional activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, the rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan- (TRP-) kynurenine (KYN) metabolism. Kynurenine 165-168 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 22-38 21183733-2 2011 In activated macrophages, IFN-gamma stimulates production of neopterin and conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine. Kynurenine 103-113 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 26-35 22308202-9 2011 PLP is a cofactor of IFNG-induced key enzymes of tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism. Kynurenine 60-70 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 21-25 22396896-2 2011 The key Th-1 type, pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon-gamma (IFNG), transcriptionally induces the rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan (TRY) - kynurenine (KYN) pathway, indoleamine 2,3- dioxygenase (IDO). Kynurenine 144-154 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 46-62 22396896-2 2011 The key Th-1 type, pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon-gamma (IFNG), transcriptionally induces the rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan (TRY) - kynurenine (KYN) pathway, indoleamine 2,3- dioxygenase (IDO). Kynurenine 144-154 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 64-68 22396896-2 2011 The key Th-1 type, pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon-gamma (IFNG), transcriptionally induces the rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan (TRY) - kynurenine (KYN) pathway, indoleamine 2,3- dioxygenase (IDO). Kynurenine 156-159 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 46-62 22396896-2 2011 The key Th-1 type, pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon-gamma (IFNG), transcriptionally induces the rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan (TRY) - kynurenine (KYN) pathway, indoleamine 2,3- dioxygenase (IDO). Kynurenine 156-159 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 64-68 20811799-2 2011 IFNG-inducible KYN/pteridines inflammation cascade is characterized by up-regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity (induced by KYN) and decreased formation of NOS cofactor, BH4, that results in uncoupling of NOS that shifting arginine from NO to superoxide anion production. Kynurenine 137-140 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-4 21161299-8 2011 IFNG and IFN-alpha transcriptionally induce indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the rate-limiting enzyme of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway of tryptophan (TRY) metabolism. Kynurenine 111-121 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-4 21161299-8 2011 IFNG and IFN-alpha transcriptionally induce indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the rate-limiting enzyme of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway of tryptophan (TRY) metabolism. Kynurenine 123-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-4 20811799-0 2011 Interferon-gamma-inducible kynurenines/pteridines inflammation cascade: implications for aging and aging-associated psychiatric and medical disorders. Kynurenine 27-38 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 20811799-1 2011 This review of literature and our data suggests that up-regulated production of interferon-gamma (IFNG) in periphery and brain triggers a merger of tryptophan (TRY)-kynurenine (KYN) and guanine-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) metabolic pathways into inflammation cascade involved in aging and aging-associated medical and psychiatric disorders (AAMPD) (metabolic syndrome, depression, vascular cognitive impairment). Kynurenine 165-175 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 80-96 20811799-1 2011 This review of literature and our data suggests that up-regulated production of interferon-gamma (IFNG) in periphery and brain triggers a merger of tryptophan (TRY)-kynurenine (KYN) and guanine-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) metabolic pathways into inflammation cascade involved in aging and aging-associated medical and psychiatric disorders (AAMPD) (metabolic syndrome, depression, vascular cognitive impairment). Kynurenine 165-175 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 98-102 20811799-1 2011 This review of literature and our data suggests that up-regulated production of interferon-gamma (IFNG) in periphery and brain triggers a merger of tryptophan (TRY)-kynurenine (KYN) and guanine-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) metabolic pathways into inflammation cascade involved in aging and aging-associated medical and psychiatric disorders (AAMPD) (metabolic syndrome, depression, vascular cognitive impairment). Kynurenine 177-180 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 80-96 20811799-1 2011 This review of literature and our data suggests that up-regulated production of interferon-gamma (IFNG) in periphery and brain triggers a merger of tryptophan (TRY)-kynurenine (KYN) and guanine-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) metabolic pathways into inflammation cascade involved in aging and aging-associated medical and psychiatric disorders (AAMPD) (metabolic syndrome, depression, vascular cognitive impairment). Kynurenine 177-180 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 98-102 20811799-2 2011 IFNG-inducible KYN/pteridines inflammation cascade is characterized by up-regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity (induced by KYN) and decreased formation of NOS cofactor, BH4, that results in uncoupling of NOS that shifting arginine from NO to superoxide anion production. Kynurenine 15-18 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-4 20811799-4 2011 IFNG-induced up-regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), rate-limiting enzyme of TRY-KYN pathway, decreases TRY conversion into serotonin (substrate of antidepressant effect) and increases production of KYN associated with diabetes [xanthurenic acid (XA)], anxiety (KYN), psychoses and cognitive impairment (kynurenic acid). Kynurenine 93-96 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-4 20811799-5 2011 IFNG-inducible KYN/pteridines inflammation cascade is impacted by IFNG (+874) T/A genotypes, encoding cytokine production. Kynurenine 15-18 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-4 20811799-5 2011 IFNG-inducible KYN/pteridines inflammation cascade is impacted by IFNG (+874) T/A genotypes, encoding cytokine production. Kynurenine 15-18 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 66-70 21731667-2 2011 In response to infection, interferon-gamma activates indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) which metabolizes the essential amino acid tryptophan to the toxic metabolite kynurenine. Kynurenine 165-175 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 26-42 20511543-3 2010 Here, we show that IFNgamma induces normal levels of kynurenine in cultures of O(2)( )-deficient monocytes, dendritic cells, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from gp91(PHOX)- or p47(PHOX)-deficient human CGD donors. Kynurenine 53-63 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 19-27 20435158-2 2010 IFN-gamma induces the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and thereby enhances the production of kynurenines from l-tryptophan. Kynurenine 109-120 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 20435158-3 2010 The present study was designed to investigate the role of IDO and kynurenines in the IFN-gamma-mediated apoptosis of lens epithelial cells and to determine the signaling pathways involved. Kynurenine 66-77 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 85-94 18562404-3 2009 In this study, we examined kynurenine pathway activity by measuring tryptophan breakdown, a number of pathway metabolites and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), which is the preferential activator of the first-step enzyme, indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO), in the plasma of patients with major psychotic disorder. Kynurenine 27-37 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 126-153 19765856-9 2010 IFN-gamma stimulated higher kynurenine and neopterin formation in cells cultivated in EGFCM, stimulation with 400U IFN-gamma every other day was most effective. Kynurenine 28-38 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 19765856-9 2010 IFN-gamma stimulated higher kynurenine and neopterin formation in cells cultivated in EGFCM, stimulation with 400U IFN-gamma every other day was most effective. Kynurenine 28-38 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 115-124 21086789-2 2010 During immune response interferon-gamma stimulates the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway, a major route of L-tryptophan (Trp) degradation. Kynurenine 55-65 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 23-39 21086789-2 2010 During immune response interferon-gamma stimulates the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway, a major route of L-tryptophan (Trp) degradation. Kynurenine 67-70 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 23-39 18823288-2 2008 Tryptophan forms the substrate for serotonin biosynthesis, but it can alternatively be catabolized to kynurenine (Kyn) by the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the main inducer of which is interferon-gamma. Kynurenine 102-112 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 197-213 18823288-10 2008 No difference in IFN-gamma levels was observed between groups; however, IFN-gamma was positively correlated with Kyn:Trp in IBS (r = 0.58, P = 0.005) but not controls (r = 0.12, P = 0.5). Kynurenine 113-116 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 72-81 18823288-2 2008 Tryptophan forms the substrate for serotonin biosynthesis, but it can alternatively be catabolized to kynurenine (Kyn) by the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the main inducer of which is interferon-gamma. Kynurenine 114-117 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 197-213 17945348-2 2008 Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) triggers several antiviral mechanisms in target cells including the induction of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which degrades the essential amino acid tryptophan to kynurenine. Kynurenine 199-209 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 18712654-6 2008 Supplementation with interferon-gamma could up-regulate this basal L-kynurenine production. Kynurenine 67-79 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 21-37 17945348-2 2008 Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) triggers several antiviral mechanisms in target cells including the induction of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which degrades the essential amino acid tryptophan to kynurenine. Kynurenine 199-209 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 18-27 18171698-7 2008 Upon hCG treatment, IDO mRNA expression and its metabolite kynurenine were increased by LPS- and IFN-gamma-stimulated DC, suggesting its involvement in the decreased T cell proliferation. Kynurenine 59-69 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 97-106 17870068-11 2007 Culture supernatants from IFN-gamma treated primary and metastatic uveal melanoma cell cultures contained elevated levels of kynurenine. Kynurenine 125-135 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 26-35 18077563-6 2007 The effect of IFN-gamma on iNOS might be mediated by kynurenine derivatives of tryptophan because (1) IFN-gamma stimulates the rate-determining enzyme of the Try-kynurenine pathway, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and (2) some kynurenines (e.g., quinolinic and picolinic acids) can stimulate iNOS. Kynurenine 53-63 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 14-23 18077563-6 2007 The effect of IFN-gamma on iNOS might be mediated by kynurenine derivatives of tryptophan because (1) IFN-gamma stimulates the rate-determining enzyme of the Try-kynurenine pathway, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and (2) some kynurenines (e.g., quinolinic and picolinic acids) can stimulate iNOS. Kynurenine 53-63 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 102-111 18077563-6 2007 The effect of IFN-gamma on iNOS might be mediated by kynurenine derivatives of tryptophan because (1) IFN-gamma stimulates the rate-determining enzyme of the Try-kynurenine pathway, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and (2) some kynurenines (e.g., quinolinic and picolinic acids) can stimulate iNOS. Kynurenine 162-172 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 14-23 18077563-6 2007 The effect of IFN-gamma on iNOS might be mediated by kynurenine derivatives of tryptophan because (1) IFN-gamma stimulates the rate-determining enzyme of the Try-kynurenine pathway, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and (2) some kynurenines (e.g., quinolinic and picolinic acids) can stimulate iNOS. Kynurenine 162-172 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 102-111 18077563-6 2007 The effect of IFN-gamma on iNOS might be mediated by kynurenine derivatives of tryptophan because (1) IFN-gamma stimulates the rate-determining enzyme of the Try-kynurenine pathway, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and (2) some kynurenines (e.g., quinolinic and picolinic acids) can stimulate iNOS. Kynurenine 229-240 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 14-23 18077563-6 2007 The effect of IFN-gamma on iNOS might be mediated by kynurenine derivatives of tryptophan because (1) IFN-gamma stimulates the rate-determining enzyme of the Try-kynurenine pathway, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and (2) some kynurenines (e.g., quinolinic and picolinic acids) can stimulate iNOS. Kynurenine 229-240 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 102-111 18077563-7 2007 IFN-gamma production is controlled by (IFN-gamma) + 874(T/A) genotypes, suggesting the association of a high promoter T allele with the high rate of IFN-gamma production and, consequently, with activated IDO and enhanced production of kynurenines. Kynurenine 235-246 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 18077563-7 2007 IFN-gamma production is controlled by (IFN-gamma) + 874(T/A) genotypes, suggesting the association of a high promoter T allele with the high rate of IFN-gamma production and, consequently, with activated IDO and enhanced production of kynurenines. Kynurenine 235-246 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 39-48 18077563-7 2007 IFN-gamma production is controlled by (IFN-gamma) + 874(T/A) genotypes, suggesting the association of a high promoter T allele with the high rate of IFN-gamma production and, consequently, with activated IDO and enhanced production of kynurenines. Kynurenine 235-246 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 39-48 18063923-7 2007 Kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and xanthurenic acid, decreased the IFNgamma/IL-10 production ratio, whereas quinolinic acid increased this ratio. Kynurenine 0-10 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 64-72 18063923-9 2007 It is concluded that kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and xanthurenic acid have anti-inflammatory effects trough a reduction of IFNgamma, whereas quinolinic acid has pro-inflammatory effects in particular via significant decreases in IL-10. Kynurenine 21-31 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 123-131 18063923-10 2007 Following inflammation-induced IDO activation, some TRYCATs, i.e. kynurenine, kynurenic acid, and xanthurenic acid, exert a negative feedback control over IFNgamma production thus downregulating the initial inflammation, whereas an excess of quinolinic acid further aggravates the initial inflammation. Kynurenine 66-76 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 155-163 17870068-12 2007 Addition of the IDO inhibitor 1-methyl dl-tryptophan significantly diminished kynurenine levels in IFN-gamma treated uveal melanoma cell cultures. Kynurenine 78-88 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 99-108 17136028-12 2007 Kyn/trp correlated significantly with neopterin suggesting an IFN-gamma-induced increase in IDO activity. Kynurenine 0-3 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 62-71 16678181-8 2006 Interferon-gamma, a cytokine known to be produced in malaria infection, induces increased expression, by microvascular endothelial cells, of the haem enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, the first enzyme in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism. Kynurenine 210-220 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 16261283-2 2006 The proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma in various cells, including monocytes, induces the enzyme indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase (IDO), which converts tryptophan to kynurenine. Kynurenine 170-180 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 29-45 16842138-5 2006 Interferon-gamma also stimulates the enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, which degrades tryptophan to kynurenine. Kynurenine 102-112 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 16490253-8 2006 Kynurenine increased HLA-G expression in both TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma+LPS matured DC, and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid had a very weak effect on HLA-G cell surface expression when present during maturation. Kynurenine 0-10 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 60-69 16490253-10 2006 Maturation with IFN-gamma+LPS in presence of kynurenine also increased HLA-G5 secretion. Kynurenine 45-55 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 16-25 16490253-13 2006 In IFN-gamma+LPS-matured DC this decreased capacity was obtained with kynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid. Kynurenine 70-80 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 3-12 15281097-8 2004 Kynurenine levels, as a measure of IDO bioactivity, were significantly higher in IFN-gamma-treated fibroblasts than in controls (P < 0.001). Kynurenine 0-10 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 81-90 16049516-6 2005 Furthermore, we show that this apoptosis could be related to the conversion of tryptophan into kynurenine by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expressed by MSC in the presence of IFNgamma. Kynurenine 95-105 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 173-181 16118322-6 2005 We demonstrate also that ATP significantly potentiates the up-regulation of IDO--a negative regulator of T lymphocyte proliferation--and kynurenine production initiated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in human DCs. Kynurenine 137-147 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 172-188 16118322-6 2005 We demonstrate also that ATP significantly potentiates the up-regulation of IDO--a negative regulator of T lymphocyte proliferation--and kynurenine production initiated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in human DCs. Kynurenine 137-147 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 190-199 15210815-6 2004 Kynurenine was absent in control conditions, but increased in the basolateral medium after IFN-gamma treatment. Kynurenine 0-10 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 91-100 15102781-1 2004 Tryptophan depletion resulting from indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity within the kynurenine pathway is one of the most prominent gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-inducible antimicrobial effector mechanisms in human cells. Kynurenine 90-100 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 138-165 15001472-2 2004 Recently, expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which is induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and catalyzes the conversion from tryptophan to kynurenine, has been identified as a T-cell inhibitory effector pathway in professional antigen-presenting cells. Kynurenine 156-166 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 79-95 15001472-2 2004 Recently, expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which is induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and catalyzes the conversion from tryptophan to kynurenine, has been identified as a T-cell inhibitory effector pathway in professional antigen-presenting cells. Kynurenine 156-166 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 97-106 12814390-2 2003 Cytokine interferon-gamma, which is released during cell-mediated immune responses, induces indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme degrading tryptophan to kynurenine. Kynurenine 163-173 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 9-25 14967480-3 2004 Kynurenine production by MDA-MB-231 cells, which was taken as a measure of enzyme activity, was markedly stimulated by interferon-gamma (1000 units/ml). Kynurenine 0-10 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 119-135 14967480-5 2004 1-Methyl-DL-tryptophan (1 mM) inhibited interferon-gamma induced kynurenine production by MBA-MB-231 cells. Kynurenine 65-75 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 40-56 14967480-6 2004 Kynurenine production by MCF-7 cells remained at basal levels when cultured in the presence of interferon-gamma. Kynurenine 0-10 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 95-111 14962250-4 2004 In macrophages, IFN-gamma strongly induces indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase, an enzyme which degrades tryptophan (trp) to kynurenine (kyn). Kynurenine 119-129 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 16-25 14962250-4 2004 In macrophages, IFN-gamma strongly induces indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase, an enzyme which degrades tryptophan (trp) to kynurenine (kyn). Kynurenine 119-122 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 16-25 12963490-7 2003 Exposure to IFN-gamma increased IDO activity from 7+/-1 nmol to 129+/-11 nmol kynurenine/hr/mg protein. Kynurenine 78-88 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 12-21 12966593-1 2003 OBJECTIVE: Activation of the enzyme indoleamine-(2,3)-dioxygenase (IDO) by interferon (IFN)-g leads to enhanced tryptophan conversion to kynurenine. Kynurenine 137-147 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 75-93 12950637-4 2003 IDO enzyme activity was evaluated by measurement of kynurenine levels in the interferon-gamma-treated and -untreated cells. Kynurenine 52-62 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 77-93 12950637-7 2003 The level of kynurenine measured, as the bioactivity of IDO enzyme, was significantly higher in the interferon-gamma-treated fibroblasts and keratinocytes compared to those of controls (p < 0.001). Kynurenine 13-23 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 100-116 12075858-2 2002 In parallel, IFN-gamma induces indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase which degrades 1-tryptophan to kynurenine. Kynurenine 90-100 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 13-22 12401473-3 2002 In various cells interferon-gamma induces indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) which degrades tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway. Kynurenine 110-120 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 17-33 12234479-0 2002 A modified kynurenine bioassay for quantitative determination of human interferon-gamma. Kynurenine 11-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 71-87 10834318-3 2000 IFN-gamma stimulates the enzyme indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase (IDO) converting tryptophan to the metabolite kynurenine which in macrophages is subsequently degraded to other, partly neurotoxic compounds like quinolinic acid, and finally to nicrotinamides. Kynurenine 108-118 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 11798468-2 2001 The kynurenine pathway (KP) is chiefly activated by IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha, leading to the production of a variety of neurotoxins. Kynurenine 4-14 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 52-61 11817676-2 2001 In human monocytes/macrophages, interferon-gamma induces increased production of neopterin and an enhanced activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, which degrades tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway. Kynurenine 182-192 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 32-48 11388614-3 2001 Using human peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells in vitro, such toxins were shown to induce neopterin production and degradation of the amino acid tryptophan to metabolites such as kynurenine by activating indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase via interferon-gamma. Kynurenine 187-197 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 246-262 10821443-2 2000 During immune response, interferon-gamma stimulates indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) converting tryptophan to N-formylkynurenine followed by kynurenine in an ensuing step. Kynurenine 119-129 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 24-40 9291104-5 1997 High activities of kynurenine 3-hydroxylase, kynureninase or 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase were found in interferon-gamma-stimulated macrophages, THP-1 cells and SKHEP1 cells, and these cells made large amounts of quinolinate when supplied with L-tryptophan, L-kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine or 3-hydroxyanthranilate. Kynurenine 267-279 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 113-129 10510970-4 1999 This study describes the IFN-gamma-induced expression of IDO -- shown at a transcriptional level by Northern blot analysis, at translational level by Western blot and also at a functional level by L-tryptophan degradation to L-kynurenine -- in the uro-epithelial cell line RT4. Kynurenine 225-237 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 25-34 10721098-1 1999 This article summarises studies supporting the proposal that induction of L-tryptophan (Trp) degradation along the kynurenine pathway in human monocytes and macrophages by interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) represents a novel extracellular antioxidant defence that acts to prevent inadvertent oxidative damage to host tissue during inflammation. Kynurenine 115-125 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 172-188 10721098-1 1999 This article summarises studies supporting the proposal that induction of L-tryptophan (Trp) degradation along the kynurenine pathway in human monocytes and macrophages by interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) represents a novel extracellular antioxidant defence that acts to prevent inadvertent oxidative damage to host tissue during inflammation. Kynurenine 115-125 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 190-199 10721136-2 1999 Tryptophan is converted to kynurenine by the action of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Kynurenine 27-37 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 105-121 10721136-2 1999 Tryptophan is converted to kynurenine by the action of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Kynurenine 27-37 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 123-132 10721136-3 1999 Since IFN-gamma is a Th1-cell derived cytokine, an increased tryptophan degradation rate via the kynurenine pathway can be found when the cellular immune system is activated as it is, e.g., in viral infections or in autoimmune diseases. Kynurenine 97-107 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 6-15 10721136-4 1999 Thus, the ratio kynurenine per tryptophan provides a possibility to estimate IFN-gamma activity in vivo and furthermore reflects the degree of immune activation. Kynurenine 16-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 77-86 9712367-1 1998 Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced, indoleamine dioxygenase-catalyzed tryptophan catabolism was studied in cultured human foreskin fibroblasts using the increase in cellular kynurenine synthesis as an index of gene expression. Kynurenine 176-186 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-27 9712367-2 1998 The time courses of the inhibition of IFN-gamma-induced kynurenine synthesis by actinomycin D and cycloheximide showed that the indoleamine dioxygenase gene was transcribed as early as 2 h and translated as early as 5 h after initiation of IFN treatment. Kynurenine 56-66 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 38-47 9363902-1 1997 BACKGROUND: In various cells including monocytes the cytokine interferon-gamma as well as lipopolysaccharide induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase which degrades tryptophan to form L-kynurenine. Kynurenine 178-190 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 62-78 9712367-9 1998 These results indicate that the expression of kynurenine synthesis is modulated at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels by protein tyrosine kinase and by a Ser/Thr kinase with properties distinctly different from those of conventional protein kinase C. The capacity for attenuation of this IFN-gamma-induced response over its entire time course by many effectors and through multiple cellular signaling pathways may represent a mechanism for fine-tuning the level of oxidative tryptophan metabolism to meet the needs of a particular cytostatic or antiproliferative response. Kynurenine 46-56 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 304-313 7814143-2 1995 During IFN-gamma therapy all 3 tumours showed a profound depletion in L-tryptophan and a corresponding rise in L-kynurenine. Kynurenine 111-123 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 7-16 8973572-6 1996 Interferon gamma, an inducer of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, increased the accumulation of L-kynurenine by all three cell types (to more than 40 microM). Kynurenine 91-103 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 8906257-6 1996 Interferon-gamma also caused a dramatic dose-dependent increase in indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase mRNA, with consequent depletion of tryptophan and accumulation of kynurenine in the culture media. Kynurenine 161-171 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 7490512-1 1995 Induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme expressed by mononuclear phagocytes and some fibroblast cell lines in response to interferon-gamma, leads to enhanced degradation of tryptophan to kynurenine. Kynurenine 205-215 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 140-156 7615820-5 1995 In addition, incubation of fibroblasts with IFN-gamma resulted in a marked increase in cellular indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) mRNA, a > 90% depletion of tryptophan, and a corresponding > 30-fold increase in the tryptophan metabolite kynurenine in the culture media. Kynurenine 243-253 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 44-53 1465184-2 1992 Clinical studies have established that sustained elevations of quinolinic acid, L-kynurenine and kynurenic acid within the cerebrospinal fluid occur in patients with a broad spectrum of inflammatory diseases and correlate with markers of immune activation and interferon-gamma activity. Kynurenine 80-92 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 260-276 7523670-5 1994 RESULTS: In fresh and in > or = 2 month-old cultures, IFN-gamma strongly stimulated IDO activity, a corresponding fall in supernatant tryptophan levels, and an elevation in the supernatant concentration of kynurenine, tryptophan"s principal metabolite, mRNA for IDO was likewise markedly increased in cells after 4 days" incubation with IFN-gamma. Kynurenine 209-219 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 57-66 7523670-5 1994 RESULTS: In fresh and in > or = 2 month-old cultures, IFN-gamma strongly stimulated IDO activity, a corresponding fall in supernatant tryptophan levels, and an elevation in the supernatant concentration of kynurenine, tryptophan"s principal metabolite, mRNA for IDO was likewise markedly increased in cells after 4 days" incubation with IFN-gamma. Kynurenine 209-219 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 340-349 8182147-4 1994 Exposure of PBMC or MDM to IFN gamma induced the degradation of extracellular Trp with concomitant accumulation of kynurenine, anthranilic and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA) in the culture medium. Kynurenine 115-125 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 27-36 8118042-1 1994 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a flavin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine, is induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by interferon-gamma (IFN gamma). Kynurenine 108-118 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 190-199 8288893-12 1994 We conclude that the measurement of kynurenine production induced by IFN-gamma can be used to determinate IFN-gamma content. Kynurenine 36-46 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 69-78 8288893-12 1994 We conclude that the measurement of kynurenine production induced by IFN-gamma can be used to determinate IFN-gamma content. Kynurenine 36-46 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 106-115 8118042-1 1994 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a flavin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine, is induced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by interferon-gamma (IFN gamma). Kynurenine 108-118 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 172-188 8288893-4 1994 The determination of kynurenine in the supernatant of IFN-gamma activated cells was performed photometrically using a microplate reader. Kynurenine 21-31 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 54-63 8288893-5 1994 It was found that the amount of kynurenine produced was directly proportional to the amount of IFN-gamma used to activate cells. Kynurenine 32-42 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 95-104 1909303-7 1991 Highest degree of correlation was found between neopterin, IFN-gamma and the kynurenine per tryptophan quotient which is the ratio between the product and the substrate concentration of IDO. Kynurenine 77-87 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 59-68 1612635-6 1992 Also the degradation of tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway is induced by interferon-gamma. Kynurenine 43-53 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 76-92 1532618-7 1992 Our data suggest that indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the rate limiting enzyme of the kynurenine pathway of L-tryptophan metabolism, was activated in both syndromes by cytokines including IFN-gamma, and that perhaps products of tryptophan metabolism played a role in the pathogenesis of EMS and TOS. Kynurenine 89-99 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 191-200 1907934-3 1991 In particular, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induces an enzyme of tryptophan catabolism, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which is responsible for conversion of tryptophan and other indole derivatives to kynurenine. Kynurenine 205-215 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 15-31 1907934-3 1991 In particular, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induces an enzyme of tryptophan catabolism, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which is responsible for conversion of tryptophan and other indole derivatives to kynurenine. Kynurenine 205-215 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 33-42 34269660-7 2022 IFN-gamma upregulates the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), decreasing serum levels of the Trp and increasing metabolite levels of kynurenine. Kynurenine 139-149 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 35510301-11 2022 Moreover, eATP increased kynurenine which is the active metabolite of tryptophan breakdown catalyzed by the IDO enzyme and significantly induced IFNgamma protein expression. Kynurenine 25-35 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 145-153 35371054-4 2022 Interferon (IFN)-gamma induces IDO1 expression through the Jak/STAT1 pathway and mediates Kyn production concomitantly with Trp consumption in CLL-conditioned media, while INCB018424 (ruxolitinib), a JAK1/2 inhibitor, impaired both effects. Kynurenine 90-93 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-22 35217532-7 2022 Each IFN has a unique metabolic signature, with IFNG being the most associated with activation of the kynurenine pathway. Kynurenine 102-112 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 48-52 2428037-5 1986 IDO thus induced in slices avidly metabolized tryptophan in situ: Upon a 24-hr incubation of lung slices pretreated with varied doses of IFN-gamma (10-10(3) units/ml), up to 96% of the tryptophan in the slices was depleted and up to 70% of the tryptophan in the medium was converted, mainly to formylkynurenine, kynurenine, or both. Kynurenine 300-310 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 137-146 2503544-4 1989 Cell lines most sensitive to IFN-gamma (inhibited by 10-30 U/ml IFN-gamma in 3 d) were stimulated by IFN-gamma to oxidize tryptophan in media to kynurenine and completely eliminated tryptophan from the culture media after 48-72 h. Addition of L-tryptophan, but not other aromatic amino acids, other essential amino acids, or D-tryptophan, prevented inhibition of cell growth by IFN-gamma. Kynurenine 145-155 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 29-38 2503544-4 1989 Cell lines most sensitive to IFN-gamma (inhibited by 10-30 U/ml IFN-gamma in 3 d) were stimulated by IFN-gamma to oxidize tryptophan in media to kynurenine and completely eliminated tryptophan from the culture media after 48-72 h. Addition of L-tryptophan, but not other aromatic amino acids, other essential amino acids, or D-tryptophan, prevented inhibition of cell growth by IFN-gamma. Kynurenine 145-155 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 64-73 2503544-4 1989 Cell lines most sensitive to IFN-gamma (inhibited by 10-30 U/ml IFN-gamma in 3 d) were stimulated by IFN-gamma to oxidize tryptophan in media to kynurenine and completely eliminated tryptophan from the culture media after 48-72 h. Addition of L-tryptophan, but not other aromatic amino acids, other essential amino acids, or D-tryptophan, prevented inhibition of cell growth by IFN-gamma. Kynurenine 145-155 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 64-73 2503544-4 1989 Cell lines most sensitive to IFN-gamma (inhibited by 10-30 U/ml IFN-gamma in 3 d) were stimulated by IFN-gamma to oxidize tryptophan in media to kynurenine and completely eliminated tryptophan from the culture media after 48-72 h. Addition of L-tryptophan, but not other aromatic amino acids, other essential amino acids, or D-tryptophan, prevented inhibition of cell growth by IFN-gamma. Kynurenine 145-155 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 64-73 2443564-1 1987 Degradation of tryptophan to kynurenine, catalyzed by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), has been augmented in human epithelial cell lines treated with human interferon-gamma (HuIFN-gamma). Kynurenine 29-39 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 158-174 2785576-1 1989 Degradation of tryptophan to kynurenine, catalyzed by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), has been shown previously to be augmented in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated in vitro with interferons-alpha, -beta, and -gamma (IFNs), and in human epithelial cells treated with IFN-gamma. Kynurenine 29-39 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 293-302 3093859-8 1986 When cultures treated with IFN-gamma for 24 h are incubated with medium that contains [3H]tryptophan, the radioactive amino acid is converted to N-formylkynurenine and kynurenine as rapidly as it enters the cell. Kynurenine 153-163 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 27-36 3087883-5 1986 Extracts prepared from IFN-gamma-treated human fibroblasts exhibited indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity, converting tryptophan into products that cochromatographed with N-formylkynurenine and kynurenine; however, extracts prepared from untreated human fibroblasts, untreated L929 cells, recombinant IFN-gamma-treated L929 cells, and mouse lymphokine-treated L929 cells did not degrade tryptophan. Kynurenine 179-189 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 23-32 2427623-1 1986 We have previously observed that gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) inhibited the growth of the intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii in cultured human fibroblasts and that this inhibition was related to the disappearance of tryptophan from the medium with the concomitant appearance of kynurenine and N-formylkynurenine. Kynurenine 294-304 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 51-60 33390854-8 2021 IFN-gamma treatment and IDO1 overexpression promoted tryptophan depletion and kynurenine accumulation in cervical cancer cells. Kynurenine 78-88 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 33583308-2 2021 We aimed to investigate the interferon gamma-related biomarkers neopterin and kynurenine-tryptophanratio (KT-ratio) in PSC. Kynurenine 78-88 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 28-44 32988295-4 2020 IFN-gamma increased kynurenine and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production by SCAP, without affecting the cell viability. Kynurenine 20-30 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 32782183-0 2020 Effect of IFN-gamma on the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio in monolayer-cultured keratinocytes and a 3D reconstructed human epidermis model. Kynurenine 27-37 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 10-19 32822738-4 2020 After screening our chemical library, we found that salinomycin potently inhibited IFN-gamma-stimulated kynurenine synthesis with IC50 values of 3.36-4.66 muM in both human cervical and breast cancer cells. Kynurenine 104-114 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 83-92 32781018-13 2020 Our data indicate that Interferon-gamma-induced kynurenine pathway promotes human decidualization via aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling. Kynurenine 48-58 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 23-39 32782183-4 2020 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish a human epidermis model in order to quantify cytokine and kyn/trp secretion from IFN-gamma stimulated cells and tissues. Kynurenine 108-111 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 131-140 30544839-5 2018 Recent studies have confirmed that the kynurenine metabolic pathway (KP) can be stimulated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and other cytokines, activating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in SS. Kynurenine 39-49 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 94-110 33095140-10 2020 CONCLUSIONS: Kynurenines are biomarkers of greater adipose infiltration in LSGB and glandular dysfunction suggesting that activation of interferon-gamma pathway is involved in the salivary and lacrimal glands damage. Kynurenine 13-24 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 136-152 32256470-7 2020 Kynurenine elevation was positively correlated with serum IFN-gamma levels in acute infection, whereas, it was negatively correlated with parasite load and P. vivax LDH levels. Kynurenine 0-10 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 58-67 30862026-2 2019 Interferon gamma-inducible (the production of which is dependent on the IFNgamma rs2430561 polymorphism) tryptophan-kynurenine inflammatory cascade helps to understand the increased association between inflammatory process and MetS, which is why we seek the relationship between the IFNgamma gene polymorphisms and serum levels of markers of interferon-gamma (IFNgamma)-inducible inflammatory cascade. Kynurenine 116-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 72-80 30862026-2 2019 Interferon gamma-inducible (the production of which is dependent on the IFNgamma rs2430561 polymorphism) tryptophan-kynurenine inflammatory cascade helps to understand the increased association between inflammatory process and MetS, which is why we seek the relationship between the IFNgamma gene polymorphisms and serum levels of markers of interferon-gamma (IFNgamma)-inducible inflammatory cascade. Kynurenine 116-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 283-291 30862026-2 2019 Interferon gamma-inducible (the production of which is dependent on the IFNgamma rs2430561 polymorphism) tryptophan-kynurenine inflammatory cascade helps to understand the increased association between inflammatory process and MetS, which is why we seek the relationship between the IFNgamma gene polymorphisms and serum levels of markers of interferon-gamma (IFNgamma)-inducible inflammatory cascade. Kynurenine 116-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 342-358 30862026-2 2019 Interferon gamma-inducible (the production of which is dependent on the IFNgamma rs2430561 polymorphism) tryptophan-kynurenine inflammatory cascade helps to understand the increased association between inflammatory process and MetS, which is why we seek the relationship between the IFNgamma gene polymorphisms and serum levels of markers of interferon-gamma (IFNgamma)-inducible inflammatory cascade. Kynurenine 116-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 283-291 30862026-6 2019 In the group with MetS, the A/T genotype of the IFNgamma gene was accompanied by higher kynurenine levels. Kynurenine 88-98 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 48-56 30862026-8 2019 A disparity in the kynurenine level, as well as the relationship between the presence of the A/T genotype of the IFNgamma gene and a higher level of kynurenine in the group of women with MetS, may indicate an association between inflammation, metabolic disorders and tryptophan-kynurenine inflammatory cascade. Kynurenine 149-159 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 113-121 30862026-8 2019 A disparity in the kynurenine level, as well as the relationship between the presence of the A/T genotype of the IFNgamma gene and a higher level of kynurenine in the group of women with MetS, may indicate an association between inflammation, metabolic disorders and tryptophan-kynurenine inflammatory cascade. Kynurenine 149-159 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 113-121 30544839-5 2018 Recent studies have confirmed that the kynurenine metabolic pathway (KP) can be stimulated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and other cytokines, activating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in SS. Kynurenine 39-49 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 112-121 30232146-3 2018 IDO1 is induced in response to inflammatory stimuli such as IFNgamma and promotes immune tolerance by depleting tryptophan and producing tryptophan catabolites, including kynurenine, in the tumor microenvironment. Kynurenine 171-181 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 60-68 30051373-2 2018 Interferon-gamma is a cytokine that acts as a mediator between immune stimulation and the kynurenine pathway and may be related to cognitive abilities. Kynurenine 90-100 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 30051373-9 2018 The negative correlations between interferon-gamma and cognition in patients with schizophrenia suggest the hypothesis that inflammation and the kynurenine pathway have important roles in this disorder. Kynurenine 145-155 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 34-50 30007645-2 2018 IDO expression and kynurenine production from LSP-treated HepG2 cells following IFN-gamma stimulation were dramatically inhibited by LSP treatment. Kynurenine 19-29 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 80-89 28688912-3 2017 The aim of this study was to examine the effect of IFNgamma-stimulated kynurenine pathway (KP) induction in microglia on neurite outgrowth and complexity, and to determine whether alterations could be abrogated using pharmacological inhibitors of the KP. Kynurenine 71-81 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 51-59 29520060-5 2018 Kynurenine levels were significantly correlated with levels of interferon-gamma (p < .001), which is involved in the regulation of IDO, in both patients and controls. Kynurenine 0-10 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 63-79 30223437-8 2018 CNP also reduced IFN-gamma mediated kynurenine generation by the IFN-gamma regulated enzyme indoleamine-2,3-deoxygenase (IDO). Kynurenine 36-46 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 17-26 30223437-8 2018 CNP also reduced IFN-gamma mediated kynurenine generation by the IFN-gamma regulated enzyme indoleamine-2,3-deoxygenase (IDO). Kynurenine 36-46 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 65-74 29343967-1 2018 IFN-gamma activation of mononuclear phagocytes significantly increases indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and flux through the kynurenine pathway (KP). Kynurenine 126-136 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 28595944-5 2018 CMI cytokines, including IFN-gamma, TNFalpha and IL-1beta, induce the catabolism of tryptophan (TRY) by stimulating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) resulting in the synthesis of kynurenine (KYN) and other tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs). Kynurenine 180-190 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 25-34 28595944-5 2018 CMI cytokines, including IFN-gamma, TNFalpha and IL-1beta, induce the catabolism of tryptophan (TRY) by stimulating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) resulting in the synthesis of kynurenine (KYN) and other tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs). Kynurenine 192-195 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 25-34 28688912-6 2017 Results show increased mRNA expression of IDO, KMO and KYNU, and increased concentrations of tryptophan, kynurenine, and 3-hydroxykynurenine in the CM of IFNgamma-stimulated BV-2 microglia. Kynurenine 105-115 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 154-162 27376248-8 2017 Our results demonstrated that DMF and MMF dose-dependently reduced the levels of L-kynurenine in PBMCs activated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Kynurenine 81-93 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 116-132 27376248-8 2017 Our results demonstrated that DMF and MMF dose-dependently reduced the levels of L-kynurenine in PBMCs activated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Kynurenine 81-93 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 134-143 28758106-4 2017 Neopterin synthesis is induced by interferon-gamma that also induces indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme catalyzing catabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine. Kynurenine 153-163 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 34-50 27980422-0 2016 Progesterone Alters Kynurenine Pathway Activation in IFN-gamma-Activated Macrophages - Relevance for Neuroinflammatory Diseases. Kynurenine 20-30 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 53-62 27221136-1 2016 BACKGROUND: Neopterin levels and kynurenine/tryptophan ratios (KTRs) increase with IFN-gamma stimulation, indicating TH1 immunity, and thus might be inversely associated with asthma. Kynurenine 33-43 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 83-92 26524378-1 2016 A key link between amino acid catabolism and immune regulation in cancer is the augmented tryptophan (Trp) catabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP), a metabolic route induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and related to poor prognosis in melanomas. Kynurenine 130-140 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 184-200 27192116-3 2016 Simultaneous treatment with epacadostat and IFN-gamma plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) did not change the phenotype of matured human DCs, and as expected decreased the tryptophan breakdown and kynurenine production. Kynurenine 190-200 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 44-53 26524378-1 2016 A key link between amino acid catabolism and immune regulation in cancer is the augmented tryptophan (Trp) catabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP), a metabolic route induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and related to poor prognosis in melanomas. Kynurenine 130-140 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 202-211 26475400-4 2015 The pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma induces the conversion of the essential amino acid tryptophan into kynurenine via the enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1). Kynurenine 107-117 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 30-39 26285873-12 2015 Patients" kynurenine pathway metabolites correlated with the levels of inflammatory markers, including that of the major IDO-inducer, interferon-gamma. Kynurenine 10-20 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 134-150 26114426-6 2015 In contrast, peripheral monocytes showed a significant elevation of kynurenine pathway enzymes and metabolites when treated with interferon gamma. Kynurenine 68-78 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 129-145