PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 26952754-4 2016 Studies suggest that insulin treatment increases progesterone and androstenedione secretion in PCOS theca cells when compared to insulin treated normal theca cells. Androstenedione 66-81 insulin Homo sapiens 21-28 25716630-10 2015 Significant unadjusted results favoring treatment with insulin sensitizers were obtained for body mass index (BMI) (effect size [ES] of 0.58), waist to hip ratio (WHR) (ES of 0.02), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (ES of 0.11), fasting insulin (ES of 2.82), fasting glucose (ES of 0.10), free testosterone (ES of 1.88), and androstenedione level (ES of 0.76). Androstenedione 336-351 insulin Homo sapiens 55-62 25716630-11 2015 CONCLUSION: Treatment with insulin sensitizers in women with PCOS results in improvement in CV factors such as BMI, WHR, LDL-C, fasting insulin, glucose, free testosterone, and androstenedione. Androstenedione 177-192 insulin Homo sapiens 27-34 14602789-7 2003 In PCOS and normal women, a significant reduction of serum androstenedione was associated with insulin administration, whereas no differences were noted for the remaining androgens and estrogens measured. Androstenedione 59-74 insulin Homo sapiens 95-102 25310562-7 2014 In multiple linear regression analyses (age- and BMI-adjusted), we found a significant negative association between androstenedione/free testosterone-ratio and area under the insulin response curve, insulin resistance, and total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol-ratio and a positive association with Matsuda-index, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05 for all). Androstenedione 116-131 insulin Homo sapiens 175-182 25310562-7 2014 In multiple linear regression analyses (age- and BMI-adjusted), we found a significant negative association between androstenedione/free testosterone-ratio and area under the insulin response curve, insulin resistance, and total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol-ratio and a positive association with Matsuda-index, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05 for all). Androstenedione 116-131 insulin Homo sapiens 199-206 24379345-7 2014 Ex vivo studies using a whole ovary culture model demonstrated that insulin acts independently or additively with human chorionic gonadotropin to enhance androstenedione secretion. Androstenedione 154-169 insulin Homo sapiens 68-75 15967412-0 2005 Identification of N-arachidonylglycine, U18666A, and 4-androstene-3,17-dione as novel insulin Secretagogues. Androstenedione 53-76 insulin Homo sapiens 86-93 15967412-4 2005 Screening of an assortment of chemical compounds, we determined three novel insulin secretagogues: N-arachidonylglycine (NAGly), 3beta-(2-diethylamino-ethoxy) androstenone hydrochloride (U18666A), and 4-androstene-3,17-dione. Androstenedione 201-224 insulin Homo sapiens 76-83 26312838-3 2015 We hypothesised that insulin might drive adipose testosterone generation from androstenedione through aldoketoredutase type 3 (AKR1C3) in women with insulin resistance. Androstenedione 78-93 insulin Homo sapiens 21-28 26312838-14 2015 Incubation with insulin significantly increased testosterone generation from androstenedione in cultured subcutaneous cell media compared with controls (p<0 001). Androstenedione 77-92 insulin Homo sapiens 16-23 24423344-11 2014 Multiple linear regression showed a strong negative association between serum androstenedione and insulin sensitivity. Androstenedione 78-93 insulin Homo sapiens 98-105 21970600-1 2012 The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of obesity and insulin resistance on testosterone formation from androstenedione and its contribution to biochemical hyperandrogenemia in all different phenotypic subgroups of PCOS patients. Androstenedione 121-136 insulin Homo sapiens 71-78 20566621-6 2010 Additionally, higher serum dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione, and androstenetriol glucuronidate levels were correlated to greater insulin sensitivity. Androstenedione 80-95 insulin Homo sapiens 165-172 18289773-4 2008 Adiponectin decreased (P<0.05) insulin-induced progesterone and androstenedione production as well as attenuated IGF-I-induced LHR, CYP11A1, and CYP17A1 gene expression in theca cells. Androstenedione 67-82 insulin Homo sapiens 34-41 16260896-6 2005 With androstenedione as substrate, insulin alone stimulated estradiol production up to 133%, FSH alone up to 188%, and LH with insulin up to 217%. Androstenedione 5-20 insulin Homo sapiens 35-42 16260896-9 2005 With androstenedione as substrate, insulin alone stimulated aromatase activity up to 202%, LH up to 208%, and FSH up to 251%. Androstenedione 5-20 insulin Homo sapiens 35-42 11751282-12 2002 We conclude that putative ligand-mediated activation of PPARgamma decreases LH- and/or insulin-driven theca cell androgen production by impairing the ability of CYP17 to synthesize androstenedione from available progestins. Androstenedione 181-196 insulin Homo sapiens 87-94 11889176-9 2002 A putative natural agonist of PPAR gamma nuclear transcription, 15-deoxy-delta-12,14-prostaglandin J(2), also inhibited LH/insulin-driven androstenedione biosynthesis and CYP17 gene expression in thecal cells. Androstenedione 138-153 insulin Homo sapiens 123-130 12095507-1 2002 OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of androstenedione (A), insulin, and LH on secretion of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) from human granulosa luteal cells. Androstenedione 38-53 insulin Homo sapiens 91-98 11889176-5 2002 We show that troglitazone dose-dependently antagonizes LH/insulin"s combined stimulation of androstenedione and T production by thecal cells in vitro. Androstenedione 92-107 insulin Homo sapiens 58-65 11915581-8 2002 In the nafarelin test increases of 17-OH-progesterone and androstenedione were higher in patients and positively correlated with fasting insulin levels. Androstenedione 58-73 insulin Homo sapiens 137-144 11751282-5 2002 Putative TG-mediated activation of PPARgamma resulted in a 53%-69% decrease in LH- and/or insulin-stimulated androstenedione and testosterone accumulation. Androstenedione 109-124 insulin Homo sapiens 90-97 10221684-5 1999 Hyperinsulinaemic subjects showed higher body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance, testosterone and free androgen index levels compared with those of normoinsulinaemic subjects; when clustered in relation to their LH basal concentrations, the two groups obtained differed only in androstenedione concentrations. Androstenedione 281-296 insulin Homo sapiens 5-12 11431640-3 2001 Objective of this study was to verify if the reduction of the circulating insulin levels, obtained through therapy with metformin, caused the reduction of LH levels, LH:FSH ratio, of testosterone and androstenedione levels, but also of cholesterolemia, triglyceridemia, BMI, and naturally of insulinemia, glycemia, as well as an increase in HDLC (high density lipoprotein cholesterol). Androstenedione 200-215 insulin Homo sapiens 74-81 10726907-1 2000 Insulin and low doses of lutenizing hormone (LH) activity (human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG]) act synergistically in the rat to produce anovulation, large ovarian cysts, and elevated plasma androstenedione levels. Androstenedione 191-206 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 11574492-6 2001 Androstenedione (10(-5) mol/l) stimulated basal oestrogen production, but significantly reduced (32-58%) insulin + LH-stimulated oestrogen and progesterone secretion (P < 0.05). Androstenedione 0-15 insulin Homo sapiens 105-112 11574492-7 2001 CONCLUSION: These results suggest that high androstenedione concentrations may act directly to impair insulin augmentation of LH-stimulated oestradiol and progesterone production in cultured human granulosa luteal cells. Androstenedione 44-59 insulin Homo sapiens 102-109 10480520-1 1999 OBJECTIVE: We previously demonstrated a direct correlation between serum insulin levels and gonadal androgens (testosterone and androstenedione) in a group of obese hyperandrogenic predominantly black women. Androstenedione 128-143 insulin Homo sapiens 73-80 10468995-4 1999 The aim of the present study was to determine whether reduction of insulin levels by metformin would attenuate FSH, LH, 17-Hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and androstenedione hyperresponsiveness to buserelin testing in PCOS women. Androstenedione 156-171 insulin Homo sapiens 67-74 10099969-5 1999 Serum IGF-I was only correlated with basal dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S), while insulin exhibited a strong correlation with the delta 4 pathway and androstenedione formation in particular. Androstenedione 159-174 insulin Homo sapiens 91-98 9440471-6 1998 The most important determinants of cumulative insulin response were WHR (P < .0005), duration of obesity (P < .01), and androstenedione levels (P < .01). Androstenedione 126-141 insulin Homo sapiens 46-53 9539300-4 1998 The improvement in insulin action was accompanied by significant increases in the levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (24.5 +/- 7.2 vs 39.8 +/- 16.2 nmol/l, P = 0.003) and decreases in free testosterone (12.8 +/- 5.8 vs 9.0 +/- 3.0 pmol/l, P = 0.03) and androstenedione (12.9 +/- 5.6 vs 7.3 +/- 1.7 nmol/l, P = 0.003). Androstenedione 257-272 insulin Homo sapiens 19-26 8923834-3 1996 Treatment for 3 days with IGF-I or -II at nanomolar concentrations or with insulin at micromolar concentrations slightly increased the production of androstenedione, cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone about 1.5-fold over that by control cells. Androstenedione 149-164 insulin Homo sapiens 75-82 8923834-6 1996 The secretion of androstenedione was more potently stimulated than that of dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol, and this effect was more clearly yielded by pretreatment with IGF-II than with IGF-I or insulin. Androstenedione 17-32 insulin Homo sapiens 200-207 8915661-4 1996 Moreover, the hyperinsulinemic group had significantly higher plasma levels of androstenedione, testosterone, free testosterone and insulin, and lower levels of luteinizing hormone, estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin. Androstenedione 79-94 insulin Homo sapiens 19-26 1639961-5 1992 Many hormones are known to effect insulin resistance and others have reported a correlation between insulin levels and androstenedione. Androstenedione 119-134 insulin Homo sapiens 100-107 8050733-3 1994 Insulin alone significantly stimulated dihydrotestosterone (DHT), testosterone (T) and androstenedione (delta 4A) accumulation in the media as compared to vehicle-treated controls. Androstenedione 87-102 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 1639961-8 1992 This study shows that a racial difference in androstenedione levels exist during puberty, at a time when racial differences in insulin resistance are becoming manifest. Androstenedione 45-60 insulin Homo sapiens 127-134 1730815-7 1992 The insulin-induced change in this steroid ratio was due to a relative increase in precursor (17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone) and decrease in product (androstenedione) responsiveness to ACTH. Androstenedione 149-164 insulin Homo sapiens 4-11 1742883-2 1991 Insulin stimulates androgen production by ovarian tissue in vitro and previous studies have identified a positive correlation of insulin with androstenedione. Androstenedione 142-157 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 1370906-1 1992 Results of previous studies indicated that insulin at levels comparable to those in humans during hyperinsulinemia decreased ACTH-stimulated cortisol and androstenedione secretion by bovine adrenal fasciculata-reticularis cells in primary culture. Androstenedione 154-169 insulin Homo sapiens 43-50 1954880-2 1991 When human cytotrophoblasts were incubated in medium supplemented with androstenedione for 24 h, treatment with IM-pH 2.0 or IM-pH 1.3 suppressed aromatase activity by 15% (P less than 0.05) and 49% (P less than 0.05), respectively, compared to insulin, which suppressed aromatase activity by 21% (P less than 0.05). Androstenedione 71-86 insulin Homo sapiens 245-252 1742883-2 1991 Insulin stimulates androgen production by ovarian tissue in vitro and previous studies have identified a positive correlation of insulin with androstenedione. Androstenedione 142-157 insulin Homo sapiens 129-136 35480632-8 2022 The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was positively associated with androstenedione (beta = 0.071, P = .032), estradiol (beta = 0.091, P = .009), estrone (beta = 0.075, P = 0.009), and 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (beta = 0.157, P = .001). Androstenedione 86-101 insulin Homo sapiens 36-43 2110544-9 1990 GH and SmC did not correlate with ideal body weight (IBW), insulin or androgens, whereas insulin correlated with both testosterone and androstenedione levels (p less than 0.05) and with IBW (p less than 0.01); after the buserelin regimen only IBW remained related to plasma insulin (p less than 0.01). Androstenedione 135-150 insulin Homo sapiens 89-96 2110544-9 1990 GH and SmC did not correlate with ideal body weight (IBW), insulin or androgens, whereas insulin correlated with both testosterone and androstenedione levels (p less than 0.05) and with IBW (p less than 0.01); after the buserelin regimen only IBW remained related to plasma insulin (p less than 0.01). Androstenedione 135-150 insulin Homo sapiens 89-96 2529264-2 1989 To determine whether this fall in serum DHEA-S levels might have been due to insulin-stimulated 1) hydrolysis of DHEA-S to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 2) conversion of DHEA-S/DHEA to androstenedione, and/or 3) urinary excretion of these steroids, 10 additional men were studied by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique. Androstenedione 186-201 insulin Homo sapiens 77-84 2532472-6 1989 Addition of insulin to luteinizing hormone resulted in significantly greater release of androstenedione than that of treatment with luteinizing hormone alone (p less than 0.04). Androstenedione 88-103 insulin Homo sapiens 12-19 2951393-4 1987 Both serum testosterone and androstenedione levels correlated with the insulin areas (r = 0.82; P less than 0.001 and r = 0.86; P less than 0.001, respectively). Androstenedione 28-43 insulin Homo sapiens 71-78 2786804-3 1989 Insulin increased (P less than 0.05) basal and gonadotropin-induced secretion of androstenedione, progesterone, estradiol, and testosterone. Androstenedione 81-96 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 2962853-8 1988 The androstenedione to estrone ratio, however, was significantly lower in the insulin-treated group (2.5 +/- 0.3 vs. 3.4 +/- 0.2; P less than 0.01), suggesting that aromatase activity increased with hyperinsulinemia. Androstenedione 4-19 insulin Homo sapiens 78-85 3297813-2 1987 Significant positive correlations were demonstrated between fasting serum insulin concentration and both androstenedione (delta 4A) and testosterone (T) concentrations, which were independent of body mass index (kg/m2). Androstenedione 105-120 insulin Homo sapiens 74-81 2473786-3 1989 Theca cells were obtained from prepubertal gilts and cultured under serum-free conditions for 48 h. Theca cell androstenedione production under basal and luteinizing hormone (LH)-stimulated conditions was significantly increased by adding insulin (1 microgram/ml) to the culture medium. Androstenedione 111-126 insulin Homo sapiens 239-246 2473786-4 1989 Treatment of basal and LH-stimulated cultures with increasing concentrations of insulin (0.001-10 micrograms/ml) caused dose- and time-dependent increments in androstenedione production, but the effect was independent of the dose of LH employed. Androstenedione 159-174 insulin Homo sapiens 80-87 2473786-5 1989 The ability of insulin to enhance thecal cell androstenedione production was mimicked by somatomedin C, but not by relaxin. Androstenedione 46-61 insulin Homo sapiens 15-22 2473786-8 1989 Insulin treatment also caused dose-dependent increments in forskolin- and prostaglandin E2-stimulated accumulation of extracellular cAMP and androstenedione. Androstenedione 141-156 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 2473786-9 1989 Insulin also increased both the basal and LH-stimulated production of progesterone and its precursor pregnenolone, in addition to the increases in androstenedione. Androstenedione 147-162 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 3311719-3 1987 Incubation of cytotrophoblasts with insulin or IGF-I for 24 h significantly inhibited the conversion of androstenedione to estrogens by approximately 20-40%. Androstenedione 104-119 insulin Homo sapiens 36-43 3311719-6 1987 Cytotrophoblasts pretreated with insulin for 24 h possessed 23-30% less aromatase activity than control cells, as quantitated directly by the specific release of 3H2O from [3H]androstenedione, indicating that insulin inhibited estrogen synthesis rather than increased estrogen catabolism. Androstenedione 176-191 insulin Homo sapiens 33-40 3554068-3 1987 Plasma androstenedione was augmented by 27-39% at physiologic insulin concentrations in the normal subjects and the obese group, and by 25% at hyperinsulinemic levels in the insulin-resistant group with acanthosis nigricans. Androstenedione 7-22 insulin Homo sapiens 62-69 3554068-3 1987 Plasma androstenedione was augmented by 27-39% at physiologic insulin concentrations in the normal subjects and the obese group, and by 25% at hyperinsulinemic levels in the insulin-resistant group with acanthosis nigricans. Androstenedione 7-22 insulin Homo sapiens 148-155 3512954-10 1986 In evaluating the relationship between hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, and acanthosis nigricans, significant correlations among basal levels of plasma insulin, and both testosterone and androstenedione were demonstrated. Androstenedione 193-208 insulin Homo sapiens 58-65 3514651-2 1986 In incubations of stroma obtained from all four hyperandrogenic patients, insulin alone (500 ng/ml) significantly stimulated androstenedione and testosterone release. Androstenedione 125-140 insulin Homo sapiens 74-81 3514651-4 1986 In stromal incubations from three of the four hyperandrogenic patients, insulin alone (500 ng/ml) resulted in a significantly greater release of androstenedione and testosterone than did LH alone (25 ng/ml). Androstenedione 145-160 insulin Homo sapiens 72-79 3511712-6 1986 Significant positive correlations were found between peripheral insulin concentrations and ovarian vein testosterone (r = 0.879, p less than 0.02), dihydrotestosterone (r = 0.866, p less than 0.03), and androstenedione (r = 0.992, p less than 0.01) levels. Androstenedione 203-218 insulin Homo sapiens 64-71 3514651-9 1986 Insulin (500 ng/ml) plus LH (25 ng/ml) significantly stimulated androstenedione accumulation in stroma obtained from two of the nonhyperandrogenic women. Androstenedione 64-79 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 3514651-11 1986 In this experiment, insulin, at a dose of 50 ng/ml, was as effective as insulin at a dose of 500 ng/ml in stimulating androstenedione and testosterone release. Androstenedione 118-133 insulin Homo sapiens 20-27 3514651-11 1986 In this experiment, insulin, at a dose of 50 ng/ml, was as effective as insulin at a dose of 500 ng/ml in stimulating androstenedione and testosterone release. Androstenedione 118-133 insulin Homo sapiens 72-79 3512954-10 1986 In evaluating the relationship between hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, and acanthosis nigricans, significant correlations among basal levels of plasma insulin, and both testosterone and androstenedione were demonstrated. Androstenedione 193-208 insulin Homo sapiens 158-165 6382082-3 1984 Insulin (500 ng/mL) alone stimulated androstenedione and testosterone accumulation, but not progesterone or estradiol accumulation. Androstenedione 37-52 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 6382082-5 1984 Insulin (500 ng/mL) alone stimulated androstenedione, testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone accumulation. Androstenedione 37-52 insulin Homo sapiens 0-7 6382082-6 1984 In incubations of stroma from the normally cycling woman, LH plus insulin acted synergistically to stimulate androstenedione accumulation. Androstenedione 109-124 insulin Homo sapiens 66-73 32913460-12 2020 Coordinately, ORs for higher androstenedione with lower insulin and lower androstenedione with higher insulin were decreased in total and postmenopausal, but not premenopausal subjects. Androstenedione 29-44 insulin Homo sapiens 56-63 7051721-0 1982 Plasma testosterone and androstenedione in insulin dependent patients at time of diagnosis and during the first year of insulin treatment. Androstenedione 24-39 insulin Homo sapiens 43-50 7051721-3 1982 Plasma concentrations of testosterone and androstenedione increased significantly (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.05) in both sexes during insulin therapy. Androstenedione 42-57 insulin Homo sapiens 144-151 6137924-7 1983 A significant correlation was found between the SSPG values and the dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels (r = 0.46; P less than 0.05) and between the fasting insulin levels and the androstenedione concentrations (r = 0.64; P less than 0.01). Androstenedione 183-198 insulin Homo sapiens 160-167 32913460-12 2020 Coordinately, ORs for higher androstenedione with lower insulin and lower androstenedione with higher insulin were decreased in total and postmenopausal, but not premenopausal subjects. Androstenedione 29-44 insulin Homo sapiens 102-109 32913460-12 2020 Coordinately, ORs for higher androstenedione with lower insulin and lower androstenedione with higher insulin were decreased in total and postmenopausal, but not premenopausal subjects. Androstenedione 74-89 insulin Homo sapiens 102-109 28761656-0 2017 Androstenedione and testosterone levels correlate with in vitro fertilization rates in insulin-resistant women. Androstenedione 0-15 insulin Homo sapiens 87-94 28244213-6 2017 RESULTS: Among women with PCOS, the testosterone-to-androstenedione ratio was the best predictor of insulin resistance (sensitivity 0.83, specificity 0.42) and metabolic syndrome (sensitivity 0.85, specificity 0.70). Androstenedione 52-67 insulin Homo sapiens 100-107 28244213-8 2017 CONCLUSION: The prediction of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome among women with PCOS was best accomplished with the testosterone-to-androstenedione ratio. Androstenedione 141-156 insulin Homo sapiens 30-37