PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 7615164-9 1995 Chondroitin sulfate binds to a basic surface on thrombin that is also involved in heparin interaction. Chondroitin Sulfates 0-19 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 48-56 18503629-0 2008 Complement activation triggered by chondroitin sulfate released by thrombin receptor-activated platelets. Chondroitin Sulfates 35-54 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 67-75 8940162-7 1996 With chondroitin sulfate-containing soluble thrombomodulin produced from either human melanoma cells Bowes or Chinese hamster ovary cells, a higher percentage of molecules bound thrombin and, in some cases, two thrombin molecules were attached to one soluble thrombomodulin in approximately the same region. Chondroitin Sulfates 5-24 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 178-186 8940162-7 1996 With chondroitin sulfate-containing soluble thrombomodulin produced from either human melanoma cells Bowes or Chinese hamster ovary cells, a higher percentage of molecules bound thrombin and, in some cases, two thrombin molecules were attached to one soluble thrombomodulin in approximately the same region. Chondroitin Sulfates 5-24 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 211-219 18766257-8 2008 Clearly, fucosylated chondroitin sulfate inhibits the intrinsic tenase and prothrombinase complexes, which are critical for thrombin generation. Chondroitin Sulfates 21-40 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 78-86 17549291-1 2007 The Ca(2+)-dependence of protein C activation by thrombin in complex with thrombomodulin (TM) containing chondroitin sulfate (CS) exhibits saturation at approximately 0.5-1 mM Ca(2+), but with TM lacking CS, it has a distinct optimum at approximately 0.1 mM Ca(2+). Chondroitin Sulfates 105-124 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 49-57 17549291-1 2007 The Ca(2+)-dependence of protein C activation by thrombin in complex with thrombomodulin (TM) containing chondroitin sulfate (CS) exhibits saturation at approximately 0.5-1 mM Ca(2+), but with TM lacking CS, it has a distinct optimum at approximately 0.1 mM Ca(2+). Chondroitin Sulfates 126-128 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 49-57 17549291-1 2007 The Ca(2+)-dependence of protein C activation by thrombin in complex with thrombomodulin (TM) containing chondroitin sulfate (CS) exhibits saturation at approximately 0.5-1 mM Ca(2+), but with TM lacking CS, it has a distinct optimum at approximately 0.1 mM Ca(2+). Chondroitin Sulfates 204-206 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 49-57 17549291-2 2007 Since the substrate protein C has multiple Ca(2+)-binding sites, and the cofactor TM also interacts with Ca(2+), the basis for differences in Ca(2+) effect on protein C activation by thrombin in complex with TM containing or lacking CS is not known. Chondroitin Sulfates 233-235 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 183-191 16254626-2 2005 Heparin and chondroitin sulfate produced by thrombin-activated basophils are good candidates for inductors of these processes. Chondroitin Sulfates 12-31 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 44-52 9198185-4 1997 The Ser/Thr-rich domain is variably modified with a chondroitin sulfate chain that influences the affinity of thrombin binding and the calcium ion dependence of cofactor function. Chondroitin Sulfates 52-71 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 110-118 9184147-1 1997 Temperature and salt dependence studies of thrombin interaction with thrombomodulin, with and without chondroitin sulfate, and two fragments containing the EGF-like domains 4-5 and 4-5-6 reveal the energetic signatures and the mechanism of recognition of this physiologically important cofactor. Chondroitin Sulfates 102-121 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 43-51 9184147-7 1997 These results demonstrate that recognition of thrombomodulin by thrombin is steered electrostatically by the highly charged regions of the fibrinogen recognition site and the heparin binding site, to which the chondroitin sulfate moiety binds and enhances the affinity of the interaction. Chondroitin Sulfates 210-229 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 64-72 8798631-9 1996 Assays with purified reagents show that the fucosylated chondroitin sulfate can potentiate the thrombin inhibition activity of both antithrombin and heparin cofactor II. Chondroitin Sulfates 56-75 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 95-103 7615164-10 1995 The chondroitin sulfate enhances the affinity of thrombin for thrombomodulin approximately 10- to 20-fold, making thrombomodulin a more potent inhibitor of coagulation, altering thrombin"s conformation and specificity, and accelerating thrombin inhibition by the serpin, antithrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 4-23 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 49-57 7615164-10 1995 The chondroitin sulfate enhances the affinity of thrombin for thrombomodulin approximately 10- to 20-fold, making thrombomodulin a more potent inhibitor of coagulation, altering thrombin"s conformation and specificity, and accelerating thrombin inhibition by the serpin, antithrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 4-23 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 178-186 7615164-10 1995 The chondroitin sulfate enhances the affinity of thrombin for thrombomodulin approximately 10- to 20-fold, making thrombomodulin a more potent inhibitor of coagulation, altering thrombin"s conformation and specificity, and accelerating thrombin inhibition by the serpin, antithrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 4-23 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 178-186 7532447-5 1994 Thrombomodulin, a chondroitin sulphate-containing proteoglycan, accelerated PCI inhibition of thrombin and APC. Chondroitin Sulfates 18-38 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 94-102 7787799-6 1994 Release of chondroitin 4-sulfate and TXA2 started within 20-30 s after thrombin addition (100 mU/ml). Chondroitin Sulfates 11-32 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 71-79 8381406-5 1993 This suggested that the second thrombin binds to TM via the chondroitin sulfate moiety. Chondroitin Sulfates 60-79 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 31-39 8384442-11 1993 The free glycosaminoglycans obtained by alkaline treatment of TM or chondroitin sulphate A also accelerated the inactivation of scu-PA by thrombin, but about 1000-fold higher concentrations than with TM were needed to obtain the same acceleration. Chondroitin Sulfates 68-88 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 138-146 8388351-8 1993 The chondroitin sulfate moiety of thrombomodulin also can affect the rate of thrombin inhibition by antithrombin III, possibly by competing with heparin for the heparin binding site on thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 4-23 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 77-85 8388351-8 1993 The chondroitin sulfate moiety of thrombomodulin also can affect the rate of thrombin inhibition by antithrombin III, possibly by competing with heparin for the heparin binding site on thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 4-23 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 104-112 8431448-4 1993 Inhibition of thrombin by PAI-1 was quantitatively analyzed in the presence of a wide range of concentrations of heparin, heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, keratan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid by measuring residual amidolytic activity. Chondroitin Sulfates 180-201 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 14-22 8027055-3 1994 The complex activates the anticoagulant zymogen, protein C. Thrombin and a thrombin mutant with Arg93, Arg97, and Arg101 changed to Ala bind soluble TM lacking the chondroitin sulfate with comparable affinities, but the mutant binds TM containing chondroitin sulfate 45-fold weaker than thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 164-183 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 60-68 8027055-3 1994 The complex activates the anticoagulant zymogen, protein C. Thrombin and a thrombin mutant with Arg93, Arg97, and Arg101 changed to Ala bind soluble TM lacking the chondroitin sulfate with comparable affinities, but the mutant binds TM containing chondroitin sulfate 45-fold weaker than thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 164-183 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 75-83 8027055-3 1994 The complex activates the anticoagulant zymogen, protein C. Thrombin and a thrombin mutant with Arg93, Arg97, and Arg101 changed to Ala bind soluble TM lacking the chondroitin sulfate with comparable affinities, but the mutant binds TM containing chondroitin sulfate 45-fold weaker than thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 247-266 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 60-68 8027055-3 1994 The complex activates the anticoagulant zymogen, protein C. Thrombin and a thrombin mutant with Arg93, Arg97, and Arg101 changed to Ala bind soluble TM lacking the chondroitin sulfate with comparable affinities, but the mutant binds TM containing chondroitin sulfate 45-fold weaker than thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 247-266 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 75-83 8027055-4 1994 A simple hyperbolic relationship describes the Ca2+ dependence of protein C activation with the thrombin mutant-TM complex whether or not the TM contains chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin Sulfates 154-173 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 96-104 8027055-5 1994 A similar Ca2+ dependence is observed with wild type thrombin only when the TM contains chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin Sulfates 88-107 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 53-61 8163479-1 1994 Thrombomodulin (TM) binds thrombin to form a complex that activates the plasma anticoagulant zymogen protein C. TM is an integral membrane glycoprotein that contains a chondroitin sulfate moiety. Chondroitin Sulfates 168-187 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 26-34 8163479-2 1994 Interaction with thrombin involves both the protein component of TM, specifically the growth factor-like repeats 4-6 (TM 4-6), and chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin Sulfates 131-150 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 17-25 8163479-3 1994 Removal of chondroitin sulfate decreases the affinity for thrombin approximately 10-fold and shifts the Ca2+ dependence of protein C activation from simple saturation at > or = 500 microM Ca2+ to a distinct optimum at approximately 100 microM Ca2+. Chondroitin Sulfates 11-30 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 58-66 8163479-8 1994 At 0.27 mM Ca2+, TM containing chondroitin sulfate binds thrombin (Kd(app) = 0.3 nM) approximately 45 times tighter than meizothrombin des-fragment 1 (Kd(app) = 14 nM). Chondroitin Sulfates 31-50 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 57-65 8163479-10 1994 These studies suggest that occupancy of anion binding exosite 2 by either chondroitin sulfate or fragment 2 alters thrombin conformation resulting in the altered Ca2+ dependence of protein C activation. Chondroitin Sulfates 74-93 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 115-123 8381406-0 1993 The chondroitin sulfate moiety of thrombomodulin binds a second molecule of thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 4-23 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 76-84 8381406-1 1993 The role of the chondroitin sulfate moiety of thrombomodulin (TM) in the binding of thrombin to TM has been examined using fluorescent derivatives of thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 16-35 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 84-92 8381406-3 1993 When ANS-FPR-thrombin was titrated with TM lacking the chondroitin sulfate moiety (csf-TM), a monotonic and saturable increase in ANS emission intensity was observed that was consistent with the formation of a high affinity 1:1 thrombin-csf-TM complex. Chondroitin Sulfates 55-74 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 13-21 8381406-4 1993 In contrast, titration of ANS-FPR-thrombin with intact TM containing the chondroitin sulfate resulted in a biphasic change in ANS-FPR-thrombin emission intensity that was consistent with each molecule of TM binding at least two molecules of ANS-FPR-thrombin with different affinities. Chondroitin Sulfates 73-92 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 34-42 8381406-4 1993 In contrast, titration of ANS-FPR-thrombin with intact TM containing the chondroitin sulfate resulted in a biphasic change in ANS-FPR-thrombin emission intensity that was consistent with each molecule of TM binding at least two molecules of ANS-FPR-thrombin with different affinities. Chondroitin Sulfates 73-92 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 134-142 8381406-4 1993 In contrast, titration of ANS-FPR-thrombin with intact TM containing the chondroitin sulfate resulted in a biphasic change in ANS-FPR-thrombin emission intensity that was consistent with each molecule of TM binding at least two molecules of ANS-FPR-thrombin with different affinities. Chondroitin Sulfates 73-92 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 134-142 8381406-6 1993 A direct interaction between thrombin and chondroitin sulfate was demonstrated by showing that chondroitin sulfate, cleaved and purified from TM, caused a saturable increase in ANS emission intensity upon addition to an ANS-FPR-thrombin sample. Chondroitin Sulfates 42-61 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 228-236 8381406-6 1993 A direct interaction between thrombin and chondroitin sulfate was demonstrated by showing that chondroitin sulfate, cleaved and purified from TM, caused a saturable increase in ANS emission intensity upon addition to an ANS-FPR-thrombin sample. Chondroitin Sulfates 95-114 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 29-37 8381406-6 1993 A direct interaction between thrombin and chondroitin sulfate was demonstrated by showing that chondroitin sulfate, cleaved and purified from TM, caused a saturable increase in ANS emission intensity upon addition to an ANS-FPR-thrombin sample. Chondroitin Sulfates 95-114 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 228-236 8381406-8 1993 The minimum Kd for the ANS-FPR-thrombin-chondroitin sulfate complex was approximately 20 nM, consistent with chondroitin sulfate being the lower affinity binding site on TM for thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 40-59 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 31-39 8381406-8 1993 The minimum Kd for the ANS-FPR-thrombin-chondroitin sulfate complex was approximately 20 nM, consistent with chondroitin sulfate being the lower affinity binding site on TM for thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 109-128 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 31-39 8381406-8 1993 The minimum Kd for the ANS-FPR-thrombin-chondroitin sulfate complex was approximately 20 nM, consistent with chondroitin sulfate being the lower affinity binding site on TM for thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 109-128 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 177-185 8381406-10 1993 Thus, the chondroitin sulfate binds to thrombin somewhere other than anion-binding exosite I, and in doing so, alters the structure and/or environment of the active site more than 15A from the active site serine without detectably changing the conformation near Ser-195. Chondroitin Sulfates 10-29 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 39-47 8381406-11 1993 Since excess TM and excess csf-TM increased the ANS emission intensity of ANS-FPR-thrombin to different extents (approximately 15 and approximately 80%, respectively), the chondroitin sulfate also influences the environment of the active site probe even when thrombin is bound to the higher affinity site on TM (GF5-6). Chondroitin Sulfates 172-191 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 82-90 8381406-11 1993 Since excess TM and excess csf-TM increased the ANS emission intensity of ANS-FPR-thrombin to different extents (approximately 15 and approximately 80%, respectively), the chondroitin sulfate also influences the environment of the active site probe even when thrombin is bound to the higher affinity site on TM (GF5-6). Chondroitin Sulfates 172-191 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 259-267 19389385-3 2009 This study demonstrates that the anticoagulant activity of this oversulfated chondroitin sulfate is primarily dependent on heparin cofactor II mediated inhibition of thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 77-96 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 166-174 29787913-0 2018 Modulating the degree of fucosylation of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate enhances heparin cofactor II-dependent thrombin inhibition. Chondroitin Sulfates 53-72 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 112-120 6235872-3 1984 These observations prompted the investigation of the effects of four normal vessel wall glycosaminoglycans (heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate, chondroitin-4-sulfate, and chondroitin-6-sulfate) on the intrinsic pathway generation of thrombin and factor Xa and on the inactivation of thrombin and factor Xa in plasma. Chondroitin Sulfates 143-164 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 232-240 6235872-3 1984 These observations prompted the investigation of the effects of four normal vessel wall glycosaminoglycans (heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate, chondroitin-4-sulfate, and chondroitin-6-sulfate) on the intrinsic pathway generation of thrombin and factor Xa and on the inactivation of thrombin and factor Xa in plasma. Chondroitin Sulfates 170-191 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 232-240 19414859-0 2009 Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate inhibits plasma thrombin generation via targeting of the factor IXa heparin-binding exosite. Chondroitin Sulfates 12-31 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 48-56 1317850-10 1992 The contact sites on thrombin for the GF4 domain and the chondroitin sulfate moiety of thrombomodulin are still unknown. Chondroitin Sulfates 57-76 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 21-29 6802163-2 1982 Normal and sclerotic CSs accelerated the inactivation of thrombin by antithrombin III to an equal extent. Chondroitin Sulfates 21-24 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 57-65 6802163-4 1982 However, anticoagulant activity of sclerotic CSs in thrombin-catalysed fibrin clot formation in platelet-poor plasma was lower than that of normal CSs. Chondroitin Sulfates 45-48 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 52-60 20467806-0 2010 Preparation of chondroitin sulfate libraries containing disulfated disaccharide units and inhibition of thrombin by these chondroitin sulfates. Chondroitin Sulfates 122-142 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 104-112 20467806-3 2010 We prepared CS libraries containing E unit or D unit in various proportions by in vitro enzymatic reactions using recombinant GalNAc 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase and uronosyl 2-O-sulfotransferase, and examined their inhibitory activity toward thrombin. Chondroitin Sulfates 12-14 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 245-253 20467806-6 2010 The thrombin-catalyzed degradation of fibrinogen, a physiological substrate for thrombin, was also inhibited by the CS containing both E unit and D unit. Chondroitin Sulfates 116-118 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 4-12 20467806-6 2010 The thrombin-catalyzed degradation of fibrinogen, a physiological substrate for thrombin, was also inhibited by the CS containing both E unit and D unit. Chondroitin Sulfates 116-118 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 80-88 19888516-7 2009 The fucosylated chondroitin sulfate inhibits thrombin by heparin cofactor II, whereas sulfated fucan inhibits thrombin by both antithrombin and heparin cofactor II. Chondroitin Sulfates 16-35 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 45-53 19389385-5 2009 While oversulfated chondroitin sulfate binds tightly to antithrombin III, unlike heparin, OSCS does not induce antithrombin III to undergo the conformational change required for its inactivation of thrombin and factor Xa. Chondroitin Sulfates 19-38 coagulation factor II, thrombin Homo sapiens 60-68