PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 20564478-0 2010 Gallic acid induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest via regulating 14-3-3beta release from Cdc25C and Chk2 activation in human bladder transitional carcinoma cells. Gallic Acid 0-11 checkpoint kinase 2 Homo sapiens 99-103 20564478-8 2010 When treated with GA, phosphorylated Cdc25C can be activated by ataxia telangiectasia-mutated checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2). Gallic Acid 18-20 checkpoint kinase 2 Homo sapiens 115-119 20564478-10 2010 Furthermore, treatment of the cells with a Chk2 inhibitor significantly attenuated GA-induced G2/M phase arrest. Gallic Acid 83-85 checkpoint kinase 2 Homo sapiens 43-47 20564478-11 2010 CONCLUSION: These results indicate that GA can induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase via Chk2-mediated phosphorylation of Cdc25C in a bladder transitional carcinoma cell line. Gallic Acid 40-42 checkpoint kinase 2 Homo sapiens 90-94 19589639-6 2009 Furthermore, gallic acid is shown to block the growth of DU145 cells at G2/M phases by activating Chk1 and Chk2 and inhibiting Cdc25C and Cdc2 activities. Gallic Acid 13-24 checkpoint kinase 2 Homo sapiens 107-111 17172433-0 2006 Gallic acid causes inactivating phosphorylation of cdc25A/cdc25C-cdc2 via ATM-Chk2 activation, leading to cell cycle arrest, and induces apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells. Gallic Acid 0-11 checkpoint kinase 2 Homo sapiens 78-82 17172433-5 2006 Further upstream, gallic acid also induced phosphorylation of both cdc25A and cdc25C via ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) activation as a DNA damage response evidenced by increased phospho-histone 2AX (H2A.X) that is phosphorylated by ATM in response to DNA damage. Gallic Acid 18-29 checkpoint kinase 2 Homo sapiens 146-150 17172433-6 2006 Time kinetics of ATM phosphorylation, together with those of H2A.X and Chk2, was in accordance with an inactivating phosphorylation of cdc25A and cdc25C phosphatases and cdc2 kinase, suggesting that gallic acid increases cdc25A/C-cdc2 phosphorylation and thereby inactivation via ATM-Chk2 pathway following DNA damage that induces cell cycle arrest. Gallic Acid 199-210 checkpoint kinase 2 Homo sapiens 71-75