PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 34558680-2 2022 Here, we describe synthesis, photochemical properties, and biochemical activities of two caged oxime compounds applied in the photocontrolled reactivation of the AChE inactivated by reactive organophosphate. Organophosphates 191-206 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 162-166 34256363-0 2021 A highly sensitive acetylcholinesterase electrochemical biosensor based on Au-Tb alloy nanospheres for determining organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 115-130 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 19-39 34265256-1 2021 Current organophosphate (OP) toxicity research now considers potential non-cholinergic mechanisms for these compounds, since the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) cannot completely explain all the adverse biological effects of OP. Organophosphates 8-23 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 165-169 34324828-0 2021 Covalent inhibition of hAChE by organophosphates causes homodimer dissociation through long-range allosteric effects. Organophosphates 32-48 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 23-28 34324828-5 2021 We also demonstrate the dissociation of organophosphate (OP)-conjugated dimers is reversed by structurally diverse oximes 2PAM, HI6 or RS194B, as demonstrated by SAXS of diethylphosphoryl-hAChE. Organophosphates 40-55 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 188-193 35623791-9 2022 When the bioactivity of AChE was inhibited by the organophosphate pesticides (chlorpyrifos as substrate), the reduced production of thiocholine resulted in a decline in photocurrent. Organophosphates 50-65 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 24-28 34308007-1 2021 The canonical mechanism of organophosphate (OP) neurotoxicity is the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 27-42 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 83-103 34308007-1 2021 The canonical mechanism of organophosphate (OP) neurotoxicity is the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 27-42 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 105-109 35473871-5 2022 Herein, thiocholine could be produced in hydrolysis reaction of acetylthiocholine catalyzed by the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), of which the catalytic activity could be irreversibly inhibitted by the introduction of organophosphates. Organophosphates 216-232 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 99-119 35491047-0 2022 Acetylcholinesterase-capped mesoporous silica gated switches for selective detection of high-toxicity organophosphate compounds. Organophosphates 102-117 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 35473871-5 2022 Herein, thiocholine could be produced in hydrolysis reaction of acetylthiocholine catalyzed by the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), of which the catalytic activity could be irreversibly inhibitted by the introduction of organophosphates. Organophosphates 216-232 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 121-125 2596267-1 1989 It has been reported recently that some oximes reactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) exhibit concomitant ganglion-blocking effects which presumably could contribute independently to their powerful antidotal action in organophosphate inhibitor (OPI) poisoning, thus mimicking some unrelated substances which are effective antidotes without reactivating AChE. Organophosphates 220-235 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 60-80 35355036-5 2022 The impact of nanoMIPs on the inhibited enzyme is also explored, with AChE activity recovering from 11% (following exposure to an organophosphate) to 73% (following the addition of nanoMIPs). Organophosphates 130-145 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 70-74 35408132-3 2022 It is worth mentioning that organophosphates and carbamates inhibit AChE. Organophosphates 28-44 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 68-72 2596267-1 1989 It has been reported recently that some oximes reactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) exhibit concomitant ganglion-blocking effects which presumably could contribute independently to their powerful antidotal action in organophosphate inhibitor (OPI) poisoning, thus mimicking some unrelated substances which are effective antidotes without reactivating AChE. Organophosphates 220-235 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 82-86 3063684-3 1988 The regional effects of AChE inhibition by organophosphates was examined in a comparative study of the brains of two victims and two control brains, matched for age and sex. Organophosphates 43-59 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 24-28 2709748-0 1989 [Circadian rhythm of blood acetylcholinesterase after administration of organophosphate compounds during hypokinesia]. Organophosphates 72-87 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 27-47 3063684-6 1988 This specific distribution of AChE inhibition may be correlated with some of the clinical characteristics of acute organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 115-130 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 30-34 3098245-2 1986 The present paper evaluates the interaction of aprophen with acetylcholinesterases, butyrylcholinesterases, and carboxylesterases with respect to protecting the enzyme from organophosphate and carbamate inhibition, accelerating pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM) regeneration of the diisopropylphospho-enzyme, and comparing the inhibition and regeneration kinetics of a soluble mammalian acetylcholinesterase with that of bovine erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 173-188 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 61-81 3394943-3 1988 At various times, phenyldichlorophosphate was added to the mixture of free and carbamylated enzyme, whereupon two very rapid, simultaneous reactions occurred: near total, and permanent, inactivation of free acetylcholinesterase by the organophosphate, and inactivation of phenyldichlorophosphate by hydrolysis. Organophosphates 235-250 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 207-227 3603322-2 1987 The type of poisoning which inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) most often encountered in an intensive care unit is that of organophosphates (OP). Organophosphates 125-141 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 37-57 3603322-2 1987 The type of poisoning which inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) most often encountered in an intensive care unit is that of organophosphates (OP). Organophosphates 125-141 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 59-63 3954784-7 1986 Reactivation by P2S of O-ethyl methylphosphonylated AChE prepared from (S) organophosphates proceeds with inversion of configuration at phosphorus. Organophosphates 71-91 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 52-56 3755763-5 1986 However, a consensus organophosphate-binding hexapeptide sequence Phe-Gly-Glu-Ser-Ala-Gly was found both in "true" acetylcholinesterase from the electric organ of Torpedo [McPhee-Quigley et al: J Biol Chem 260:12185-12189, 1985] and in "pseudocholinesterase" (butyrylcholinesterase) from human serum [Lockridge: "Cholinesterases--Fundamental and Applied Aspects." Organophosphates 21-36 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 115-135 6497906-1 1984 A comparative study of the reactivation by two oximes of acetylcholinesterase inhibited by several organophosphates has been made, with particular reference to the dependence of the degree of reactivation produced by an oxime (reactivating potency) upon the concentration of inhibited enzyme. Organophosphates 99-115 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 57-77 6478213-3 1984 This facilitation was similar to that previously observed in the same receptor type when acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was inhibited by various organophosphate or carbamate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs)3. Organophosphates 142-157 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 89-109 6478213-3 1984 This facilitation was similar to that previously observed in the same receptor type when acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was inhibited by various organophosphate or carbamate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs)3. Organophosphates 142-157 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 111-115 6704184-2 1984 The reaction of acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7; human erythrocytes) with phosphostigmine, haloxon and VX was studied, and the effect of three reversible ligands (TMA, edrophonium, coumarin) and of acetylthiocholine upon the time-dependent and time-independent (reversible) inhibition by the organophosphates was evaluated. Organophosphates 293-309 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 16-36 6599819-0 1984 Some possibilities of protection against acetylcholinesterase inhibition by organophosphates in vivo. Organophosphates 76-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 41-61 1004139-0 1976 Organophosphate toxicity: kinetic differences between acetylcholinesterase of the housefly thorax and head? Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 54-74 6662290-5 1983 Because of the rapid and slowly reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphate insecticides, hemoperfusion alone will not improve the clinical status of organophosphate insecticide poisoned patients. Organophosphates 81-96 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 57-77 6297513-8 1982 The effective detoxication time (teff) was determined for different concentrations of paraoxon and DFP and was compared with the time needed by these organophosphate concentrations to inhibit AChE-activity to 12.5% of normal (t1/8). Organophosphates 150-165 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 192-196 20487783-2 1980 The relationship of this theory to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphates is emphasized. Organophosphates 77-93 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 53-73 497002-0 1979 Some adjuncts to oxime-atropine therapy for organophosphate intoxication--their effects on acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 44-59 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 91-111 990993-1 1976 The reversible binding constant (Ki) for tetramethylammonium ion (TMA) was determined from the decrease in the bimolecular rate constant (ki) observed with each of 21 organophosphate or carbamate inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7). Organophosphates 167-182 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 210-230 5969209-0 1966 The in vivo protection by gamma-aminobutyric acid against organic phosphate inhibition of AChE. Organophosphates 58-75 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 90-94 4737014-0 1973 Recording spectrophotometric method for determination of dissociation and phosphorylation constants for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphates in the presence of substrate. Organophosphates 146-162 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 122-142 5002755-0 1971 Affinity of human brain acetylcholinesterase to some organophosphates and carbamates in vitro. Organophosphates 53-69 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 24-44 33934188-0 2021 Ensemble machine learning to evaluate the in vivo acute oral toxicity and in vitro human acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of organophosphates. Organophosphates 133-149 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 89-109 14223684-1 1964 THE DISCHLORIDE OF BIS-(4-HYDROXYIMINOMETHYL-1-PYRIDINIUM-METHYL)-ETHER (LUEH6), A NEW REACTIVATOR OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITED BY ORGANIC PHOSPHORIC ACID ESTERS]. Organophosphates 144-166 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 102-122 34019427-1 2021 Oxime-based molecules are used for the treatment of patients to reactivate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) function after organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 118-133 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 75-95 34019427-1 2021 Oxime-based molecules are used for the treatment of patients to reactivate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) function after organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 118-133 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 97-101 33990679-2 2021 Oxime reactivators of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) serve as antidotes toward poisoning by OPNAs. Organophosphates 22-37 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 75-79 33581413-0 2021 Acetylcholinesterase activity and thyroid hormone levels in Ecuadorian adolescents living in agricultural settings where organophosphate pesticides are used. Organophosphates 121-136 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 33916863-0 2021 A Fluidics-Based Biosensor to Detect and Characterize Inhibition Patterns of Organophosphate to Acetylcholinesterase in Food Materials. Organophosphates 77-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 96-116 33581413-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Organophosphates are frequently applied insecticides that inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity resulting in cholinergic overstimulation. Organophosphates 12-28 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 78-98 33581413-1 2021 BACKGROUND: Organophosphates are frequently applied insecticides that inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity resulting in cholinergic overstimulation. Organophosphates 12-28 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 100-104 33581413-3 2021 We aimed to test the associations between AChE activity, a physiological marker of organophosphate exposure, and thyroid function in adolescents. Organophosphates 83-98 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 42-46 33581413-9 2021 Lower AChE activity, indicating greater organophosphate exposure, was marginally associated with greater fT4 concentrations (difference per SD decrease in AChE activity (beta) = 0.03 ng/dL, [90% CI: 0.00, 0.06]) but not with TSH (beta = -0.01 muIU/ml, [-0.38, 0.36]). Organophosphates 40-55 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 6-10 33638151-3 2021 Thus, the ideal cholinesterase reactivator should show minimal toxicity, limited inhibitory activity in the absence of an organophosphate, and rapid CNS penetration, in addition to its nucleophilic potential at the target, the conjugated AChE active center. Organophosphates 122-137 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 16-30 32949615-2 2020 Harmful effects of OPs on health have been attributed primarily for irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at nerve synapse. Organophosphates 19-22 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 95-115 32334495-2 2021 The most effective of those agents are the organophosphates (OPs) capable of restricting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which in turn controls the nerve impulse transmission. Organophosphates 43-59 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 100-120 32334495-2 2021 The most effective of those agents are the organophosphates (OPs) capable of restricting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which in turn controls the nerve impulse transmission. Organophosphates 43-59 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 122-126 32334495-2 2021 The most effective of those agents are the organophosphates (OPs) capable of restricting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which in turn controls the nerve impulse transmission. Organophosphates 61-64 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 100-120 32334495-2 2021 The most effective of those agents are the organophosphates (OPs) capable of restricting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which in turn controls the nerve impulse transmission. Organophosphates 61-64 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 122-126 32334495-3 2021 When AChE is inhibited by OPs, its reactivation can be usually performed through cationic oximes. Organophosphates 26-29 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 5-9 33049692-2 2021 Acute exposure of humans to these mixtures induces the covalent modification of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and neuropathy target esterase (NTE) and causes a cholinergic syndrome or organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy syndrome (OPIDP). Organophosphates 182-197 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 102-106 33320798-0 2022 Organophosphate pesticide exposure among farm women and children: Status of micronutrients, acetylcholinesterase activity, and oxidative stress. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 92-112 33278027-1 2021 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) plays important roles in cholinergic neurotransmission and has been widely recognized as a biomarker for monitoring pollution by organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 169-184 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 33278027-1 2021 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) plays important roles in cholinergic neurotransmission and has been widely recognized as a biomarker for monitoring pollution by organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 169-184 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 33267602-6 2021 Low acetylcholinesterase levels confirmed organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 42-57 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 4-24 32949615-2 2020 Harmful effects of OPs on health have been attributed primarily for irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at nerve synapse. Organophosphates 19-22 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 117-121 32949615-3 2020 However, studies have shown that inhibition of AChE alone cannot explain all the maladies encountered in prolonged exposure to OPs. Organophosphates 127-130 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 47-51 32992925-1 2020 Organophosphates (OPs) are esters of substituted phosphates, phosphonates or phosphoramidates that react with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by initially transferring the organophosphityl group to a serine residue in the enzyme active site, concomitant with loss of an alcohol or halide leaving group. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 110-130 32835730-4 2020 Being lipophilic compounds, organophosphates readily penetrate the brain and block the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 28-44 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 94-114 32835730-4 2020 Being lipophilic compounds, organophosphates readily penetrate the brain and block the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 28-44 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-120 31910701-3 2020 The AChE reactivation for all used organophosphates was found negligible if compared to the reactivation ability of obidoxime. Organophosphates 35-51 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 4-8 32632029-6 2020 Exposure to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides was quantified using erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase normalised by haemoglobin (AChE/Hb). Organophosphates 12-27 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 136-140 32992925-1 2020 Organophosphates (OPs) are esters of substituted phosphates, phosphonates or phosphoramidates that react with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by initially transferring the organophosphityl group to a serine residue in the enzyme active site, concomitant with loss of an alcohol or halide leaving group. Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 110-130 32891393-9 2020 The sensitive HPTLC-S9-AChE assay allowed the detection of neurotoxic chemicals with and without metabolic activation, at levels consistent with the threshold of toxicological concern of organophosphates and carbamates. Organophosphates 187-203 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 23-27 32544483-0 2020 Oxime-mediated reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited acetylcholinesterase with emphasis on centrally-active oximes. Organophosphates 31-46 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 57-77 32544483-1 2020 This review provides an overview of the global research leading to the large number of compounds developed as reactivators of acetylcholinesterase inhibited by a variety of organophosphate compounds, most of which are nerve agents but also some insecticides. Organophosphates 173-188 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 126-146 32798937-2 2020 Cholinesterase inhibitors (i.e. organophosphates and carbamates) are frequently used in agriculture and inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Organophosphates 32-48 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 112-132 32899431-1 2020 The detrimental effects of organophosphates (OPs) on human health are thought to be of systemic, i.e., irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at nerve synapses. Organophosphates 27-43 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 130-150 32899431-1 2020 The detrimental effects of organophosphates (OPs) on human health are thought to be of systemic, i.e., irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at nerve synapses. Organophosphates 27-43 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 152-156 32899431-1 2020 The detrimental effects of organophosphates (OPs) on human health are thought to be of systemic, i.e., irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at nerve synapses. Organophosphates 45-48 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 130-150 32899431-1 2020 The detrimental effects of organophosphates (OPs) on human health are thought to be of systemic, i.e., irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at nerve synapses. Organophosphates 45-48 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 152-156 32798937-2 2020 Cholinesterase inhibitors (i.e. organophosphates and carbamates) are frequently used in agriculture and inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Organophosphates 32-48 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 134-138 32229401-5 2020 Detection of organophosphates are successfully achieved as they are potent inhibitors of AChE. Organophosphates 13-29 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 89-93 32019865-0 2020 Rational design, synthesis and evaluation of uncharged, "smart" bis-oxime antidotes of organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 87-102 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 119-139 32333945-5 2020 Therefore, this review focuses on oxime-assisted catalysis by AChE mutants that provides a potential means for degradation of organophosphates in the plasma before reaching the cellular target site. Organophosphates 126-142 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 62-66 32279763-1 2020 Herein we report a multiplated and biopolymeric-based optical bioassay for organophosphate detection based on the use of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as biocomponent and biopolymeric electrospun fibrous mats as eco-designed supports for AChE immobilisation. Organophosphates 75-90 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 121-141 32279763-1 2020 Herein we report a multiplated and biopolymeric-based optical bioassay for organophosphate detection based on the use of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as biocomponent and biopolymeric electrospun fibrous mats as eco-designed supports for AChE immobilisation. Organophosphates 75-90 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 143-147 32279763-1 2020 Herein we report a multiplated and biopolymeric-based optical bioassay for organophosphate detection based on the use of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as biocomponent and biopolymeric electrospun fibrous mats as eco-designed supports for AChE immobilisation. Organophosphates 75-90 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 236-240 32348360-0 2020 Acetylcholinesterase electrochemical biosensors with graphene-transition metal carbides nanocomposites modified for detection of organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 129-144 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 32551623-1 2020 Acetylcholinesterase inactivating compounds, such as organophosphate (OP) and carbamate (CM) pesticides, are widely used in agriculture to ensure sustainable production of food and feed. Organophosphates 53-68 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 32388435-0 2020 Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel nonquaternary and 3 non-oxime reactivators for acetylcholinesterase inhibited by organophosphates. Organophosphates 123-139 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 89-109 32385098-0 2020 Correction: Rational design, synthesis, and evaluation of uncharged, "smart" bis-oxime antidotes of organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 100-115 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 132-152 31692155-1 2020 Organophosphorus (OP)-based nerve agents are extremely toxic and potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and recent attacks involving nerve agents highlight the need for fast detection and intervention. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 72-92 32031197-0 2020 Acetylcholinesterase-catalyzed silver deposition for ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensing of organophosphorus pesticides. Organophosphates 98-114 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 32031197-1 2020 Herein, an electrochemical biosensing platform with acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-catalyzed silver deposition was developed for the ultrasensitive detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). Organophosphates 158-174 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 52-72 32031197-1 2020 Herein, an electrochemical biosensing platform with acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-catalyzed silver deposition was developed for the ultrasensitive detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). Organophosphates 158-174 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 74-78 31857189-1 2020 V-type agents are highly toxic organophosphorus nerve agents that inhibit acetylcholinesterase in the nervous system, causing a series of poison symptoms. Organophosphates 31-47 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 74-94 31767347-6 2020 In the presence of OPs, the ECL signal obviously increased because the enzyme activity of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was inhibited by OPs. Organophosphates 19-22 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 94-114 31767347-6 2020 In the presence of OPs, the ECL signal obviously increased because the enzyme activity of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was inhibited by OPs. Organophosphates 19-22 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-120 31767347-6 2020 In the presence of OPs, the ECL signal obviously increased because the enzyme activity of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was inhibited by OPs. Organophosphates 139-142 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 94-114 31767347-6 2020 In the presence of OPs, the ECL signal obviously increased because the enzyme activity of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was inhibited by OPs. Organophosphates 139-142 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-120 32163499-1 2020 Organophosphates (OPs) induce acute and chronic neurotoxicity, primarily by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity as well as by necrosis, and apoptosis. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 87-107 32163499-1 2020 Organophosphates (OPs) induce acute and chronic neurotoxicity, primarily by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity as well as by necrosis, and apoptosis. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 109-113 32163499-1 2020 Organophosphates (OPs) induce acute and chronic neurotoxicity, primarily by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity as well as by necrosis, and apoptosis. Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 87-107 32163499-1 2020 Organophosphates (OPs) induce acute and chronic neurotoxicity, primarily by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity as well as by necrosis, and apoptosis. Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 109-113 31675511-2 2020 Using paraoxon (POX) as a model organophosphate, it was shown that 6-methyluracil derivatives linked with hydroxamic acid are able to reactivate POX-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in vitro. Organophosphates 32-47 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 165-185 31675511-2 2020 Using paraoxon (POX) as a model organophosphate, it was shown that 6-methyluracil derivatives linked with hydroxamic acid are able to reactivate POX-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in vitro. Organophosphates 32-47 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 187-191 33442173-11 2020 Conclusion: Organophosphate pesticide exposure lowered erythrocyte AChE activity and increased oxidative stress. Organophosphates 12-27 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 67-71 31703066-5 2019 The results show that OPs penetrated the model blood brain barrier (BBB) and inhibited AChE activity. Organophosphates 22-25 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 87-91 32698655-4 2020 Accordingly, organophosphate (malathion, acephate, chlorpyrifos methyl) and carbamate (carbofuran, methiocarb, methomyl), which are used to prevent harmful organisms in some agricultural products were enzymatically determined based on their inhibitory activity on AChE. Organophosphates 13-28 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 264-268 31556693-0 2019 Tacroximes: novel unique compounds for the recovery of organophosphorus-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 55-71 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 82-102 31556693-1 2019 Aim: Organophosphorus compounds are irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 5-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 63-83 31276662-1 2019 Organophosphates (OPs) irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 66-70 31136966-1 2019 Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate pesticide widely used in agriculture, whose traditional and well-known mechanism of action is the inhibition of the enzyme Acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 25-40 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 164-184 31136966-1 2019 Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate pesticide widely used in agriculture, whose traditional and well-known mechanism of action is the inhibition of the enzyme Acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 25-40 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 186-190 31276662-1 2019 Organophosphates (OPs) irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 66-70 31100277-1 2019 Since the development in the 1950"s of 2-PAM (Pralidoxime), an antidote that reactivates organophosphate conjugated acetylcholinesterase in target tissues upon pesticide or nerve agent exposure, improvements in antidotal therapy have largely involved congeneric pyridinium aldoximes. Organophosphates 89-104 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-136 30944532-5 2019 However, the brain tissue AChE activity level in wild birds exposed to organophosphate (OP) pesticide was 48.0%-96.3% of that in the normal birds. Organophosphates 71-86 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 26-30 31121152-2 2019 The novel prophylactic agent 7-methoxytacrine-4-pyridinealdoxime is a hybrid compound formerly designed to keep acetylcholinesterase resistant to organophosphates by reactivating it in case of intoxication by such inhibitors. Organophosphates 146-162 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 112-132 30978400-1 2019 Tabun represents the phosphoramidate class of organophosphates that are covalent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an essential enzyme in neurotransmission. Organophosphates 46-62 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 95-115 30978400-1 2019 Tabun represents the phosphoramidate class of organophosphates that are covalent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an essential enzyme in neurotransmission. Organophosphates 46-62 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 117-121 31363918-7 2019 If organophosphates are present, the activity of AChE becomes increasingly blocked, and this leads to a less expressed IFE and an increasing recovery of fluorescence. Organophosphates 3-19 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 49-53 30831354-0 2019 A sensitive amperometric AChE-biosensor for organophosphate pesticides detection based on conjugated polymer and Ag-rGO-NH2 nanocomposite. Organophosphates 44-59 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 25-29 30993792-1 2019 Serving a critical role in neurotransmission, human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) is the target of organophosphate nerve agents. Organophosphates 98-113 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 74-79 31011780-1 2019 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor technology is widely applied in the detection of organophosphate pesticides in agricultural production via the inhibition of AChE activity by organophosphates. Organophosphates 87-102 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 31011780-1 2019 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor technology is widely applied in the detection of organophosphate pesticides in agricultural production via the inhibition of AChE activity by organophosphates. Organophosphates 87-102 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 31011780-1 2019 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor technology is widely applied in the detection of organophosphate pesticides in agricultural production via the inhibition of AChE activity by organophosphates. Organophosphates 87-102 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 163-167 31011780-1 2019 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor technology is widely applied in the detection of organophosphate pesticides in agricultural production via the inhibition of AChE activity by organophosphates. Organophosphates 180-196 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 31011780-1 2019 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor technology is widely applied in the detection of organophosphate pesticides in agricultural production via the inhibition of AChE activity by organophosphates. Organophosphates 180-196 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 31011780-1 2019 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor technology is widely applied in the detection of organophosphate pesticides in agricultural production via the inhibition of AChE activity by organophosphates. Organophosphates 180-196 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 163-167 32254993-1 2019 Colorimetric detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and its inhibitor organophosphates (OPs) is attractive for its convenience, but the addition of exogenous catalyst to produce a chromogenic agent may result in complexity and interference. Organophosphates 72-88 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 48-52 32254993-1 2019 Colorimetric detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and its inhibitor organophosphates (OPs) is attractive for its convenience, but the addition of exogenous catalyst to produce a chromogenic agent may result in complexity and interference. Organophosphates 90-93 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 48-52 30563111-2 2018 Cholinesterases, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase, are reported to be involved in detoxification processes owing to their capability of scavenging organophosphates and carbamates. Organophosphates 162-178 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 17-37 30218924-5 2018 The PtPd@NCS nanocomposites were used as an electrode material to prepare acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensors for detecting organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 127-142 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 74-94 30218924-5 2018 The PtPd@NCS nanocomposites were used as an electrode material to prepare acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensors for detecting organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 127-142 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 96-100 30218924-8 2018 The AChE biosensor was also applied in real samples for detecting organophosphate pesticides and exhibited acceptable recovery. Organophosphates 66-81 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 4-8 29322868-0 2019 In silico approaches to evaluate the molecular properties of organophosphate compounds to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in housefly. Organophosphates 61-76 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 98-118 30499458-0 2019 Amorphous metal boride as a novel platform for acetylcholinesterase biosensor development and detection of organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 107-122 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 47-67 30499458-2 2019 Herein, we demonstrated that amorphous bimetallic boride material (Co-2Ni-B) prepared by a simple and facile aqueous reaction is an efficient matrix to immobilize acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to construct a biosensor for the determination of organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 241-256 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 163-183 30499458-2 2019 Herein, we demonstrated that amorphous bimetallic boride material (Co-2Ni-B) prepared by a simple and facile aqueous reaction is an efficient matrix to immobilize acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to construct a biosensor for the determination of organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 241-256 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 185-189 30462502-1 2018 Over 50 years ago, the toxicity of irreversible organophosphate inhibitors targeting human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) was observed to be stereospecific. Organophosphates 48-63 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 91-111 30462502-1 2018 Over 50 years ago, the toxicity of irreversible organophosphate inhibitors targeting human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) was observed to be stereospecific. Organophosphates 48-63 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 113-118 30265992-0 2018 Design, synthesis and evaluation of new classes of nonquaternary reactivators for acetylcholinesterase inhibited by organophosphates. Organophosphates 116-132 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 82-102 26111751-2 2018 Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocyte and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in plasma is the predominant toxic effect of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 135-150 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 14-34 30192517-7 2018 It is also versatile for the detection of other organophosphate or carbamate pesticides, which have the inhibition ability toward AChE. Organophosphates 48-63 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 130-134 29516527-1 2018 Despite the main mechanism of organophosphate (OP) toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) being well known over the years, some chronic adverse health effects indicate the involvement of additional pathways. Organophosphates 30-45 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 82-102 29516527-1 2018 Despite the main mechanism of organophosphate (OP) toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) being well known over the years, some chronic adverse health effects indicate the involvement of additional pathways. Organophosphates 30-45 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 104-108 30200437-3 2018 The organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) primarily exerts toxicity through the inhibition of AChE, which results in excess cholinergic stimulation at the synapse. Organophosphates 4-19 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 101-105 29995397-1 2018 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) is a classical biomarker for monitoring contamination and intoxication of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 114-129 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 29995397-1 2018 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) is a classical biomarker for monitoring contamination and intoxication of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 114-129 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 26111751-2 2018 Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocyte and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in plasma is the predominant toxic effect of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 135-150 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 36-40 28734356-1 2017 A highly sensitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) electrochemical biosensor for the quantitative determination of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) in vegetables and fruits based on palladium-copper nanowires (Pd-Cu NWs) was reported. Organophosphates 111-126 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 19-39 28930602-2 2018 Organophosphate (OP) acaricides target acetylcholinesterase (AChE) critical to tick central nervous system function. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 39-59 28930602-2 2018 Organophosphate (OP) acaricides target acetylcholinesterase (AChE) critical to tick central nervous system function. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 61-65 28843102-5 2017 In the group exposed to organophosphates, the activity of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and total cholinesterase was lower by 63.8%, 12.8%, and 14.8%, respectively, and 92.6% of the group had dialkyl phosphates present in their urine. Organophosphates 24-40 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 58-78 29026987-4 2018 AChE is a physiological marker of organophosphate/carbamate pesticide exposures that may take up to 3 months to normalize after its inhibition. Organophosphates 34-49 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-4 29272792-0 2018 In-silico and in-vitro evaluation of human acetylcholinesterase inhibition by organophosphates. Organophosphates 78-94 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 43-63 29272792-1 2018 Organophosphates (OP) inhibit the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and devastate the nervous system of pest however its mode of action is ubiquitous and acts similarly on human AChE (hAChE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 34-54 29272792-1 2018 Organophosphates (OP) inhibit the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and devastate the nervous system of pest however its mode of action is ubiquitous and acts similarly on human AChE (hAChE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 56-60 29272792-1 2018 Organophosphates (OP) inhibit the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and devastate the nervous system of pest however its mode of action is ubiquitous and acts similarly on human AChE (hAChE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 181-185 29272792-1 2018 Organophosphates (OP) inhibit the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and devastate the nervous system of pest however its mode of action is ubiquitous and acts similarly on human AChE (hAChE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 187-192 29362639-2 2017 MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a group of 35 acute poisoned patients by organophosphate compounds has led to inhibition of AchE. Organophosphates 66-81 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 117-121 28494368-2 2017 By utilizing the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mediated hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine to thiocholine where the activity of AChE is inhibited by the presence of organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), the subsequent thiocholine-induced aggregation of 10OsCO-Au NPs can be monitored by the change in color of the NPs solution and the variation in intensity of the SERS CO signal. Organophosphates 160-175 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 17-37 28494368-2 2017 By utilizing the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mediated hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine to thiocholine where the activity of AChE is inhibited by the presence of organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), the subsequent thiocholine-induced aggregation of 10OsCO-Au NPs can be monitored by the change in color of the NPs solution and the variation in intensity of the SERS CO signal. Organophosphates 160-175 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 39-43 28494368-2 2017 By utilizing the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mediated hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine to thiocholine where the activity of AChE is inhibited by the presence of organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), the subsequent thiocholine-induced aggregation of 10OsCO-Au NPs can be monitored by the change in color of the NPs solution and the variation in intensity of the SERS CO signal. Organophosphates 160-175 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 123-127 28734356-1 2017 A highly sensitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) electrochemical biosensor for the quantitative determination of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) in vegetables and fruits based on palladium-copper nanowires (Pd-Cu NWs) was reported. Organophosphates 111-126 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 41-45 28465191-10 2017 The presented results might be useful in routine clinical practice where the monitoring of blood AChE and plasma BChE activity is crucial for prognosis and diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning, in occupational medicine and in relevant mass casualty scenarios. Organophosphates 169-184 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 97-101 27967267-5 2017 Areas covered: This article covers recent advances in the development of acetylcholinesterase modulators, including both inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase for the efforts in development of new chemical entities for treatment of AD, as well as re-activators for resurrection of organophosphate bound acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 278-293 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 73-93 27967267-9 2017 New small molecule reactivators of organophosphate-inhibited AChE have also been disclosed, which focused on the design of neutral ligands with improved pharmaceutical properties and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. Organophosphates 35-50 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 61-65 27582056-1 2016 Irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by organophosphates leads to many failures in living organism and ultimately in death. Organophosphates 58-74 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 27-47 28174098-2 2017 Recent literature has reported that human bone marrow-derived MSCs express active acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and that disruption of AChE activity by organophosphate (OP) chemicals decreases the ability of MSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts. Organophosphates 150-165 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 133-137 27582056-1 2016 Irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by organophosphates leads to many failures in living organism and ultimately in death. Organophosphates 58-74 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 49-53 27604478-4 2016 Moreover, the binding of HupNIR2 is affected when AChE is inhibited with toxic molecules such as organophosphates. Organophosphates 97-113 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 50-54 27551891-1 2016 The organophosphate O-(2-fluoroethyl)-O-(p-nitrophenyl) methyphosphonate 1 is the first-in-class, fluorine-18 radiolabeled organophosphate inhibitor ([18F]1) of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 4-19 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 161-181 27551891-1 2016 The organophosphate O-(2-fluoroethyl)-O-(p-nitrophenyl) methyphosphonate 1 is the first-in-class, fluorine-18 radiolabeled organophosphate inhibitor ([18F]1) of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 4-19 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 183-187 27260432-0 2016 A sensitive acetylcholinesterase biosensor based on gold nanorods modified electrode for detection of organophosphate pesticide. Organophosphates 102-117 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 12-32 27191504-1 2016 Irreversible inhibition of the essential nervous system enzyme acetylcholinesterase by organophosphate nerve agents and pesticides may quickly lead to death. Organophosphates 87-102 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 63-83 27191504-3 2016 The current lack of published structural data specific to human acetylcholinesterase organophosphate-inhibited and oxime-bound states hinders development of effective medical treatments. Organophosphates 85-100 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 64-84 27191504-4 2016 We have solved structures of human acetylcholinesterase in different states in complex with the organophosphate insecticide, paraoxon, and oximes. Organophosphates 96-111 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 35-55 27191504-6 2016 This appears characteristic of acetylcholinesterase inhibition by organophosphate insecticides but not nerve agents. Organophosphates 66-81 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 31-51 27260432-1 2016 A sensitive amperometric acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor, based on gold nanorods (AuNRs), was developed for the detection of organophosphate pesticide. Organophosphates 131-146 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 25-45 27260432-1 2016 A sensitive amperometric acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor, based on gold nanorods (AuNRs), was developed for the detection of organophosphate pesticide. Organophosphates 131-146 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 47-51 27260432-3 2016 The AChE/AuNRs/GCE biosensor was fabricated on basis of the inhibition of AChE activity by organophosphate pesticide. Organophosphates 91-106 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 4-8 26937779-5 2016 Stability behavior for organophosphates agreed with the proposed reaction mechanism responsible for acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Organophosphates 23-39 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 100-120 27260432-3 2016 The AChE/AuNRs/GCE biosensor was fabricated on basis of the inhibition of AChE activity by organophosphate pesticide. Organophosphates 91-106 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 74-78 27371941-0 2016 Limitations in current acetylcholinesterase structure-based design of oxime antidotes for organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 90-105 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 23-43 27371941-1 2016 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7), an essential enzyme of cholinergic neurotransmission in vertebrates, is a primary target in acute nerve agent and organophosphate (OP) pesticide intoxication. Organophosphates 155-170 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 27371941-1 2016 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7), an essential enzyme of cholinergic neurotransmission in vertebrates, is a primary target in acute nerve agent and organophosphate (OP) pesticide intoxication. Organophosphates 155-170 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 26210933-0 2016 Investigation of the reactivation kinetics of a large series of bispyridinium oximes with organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 90-105 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 122-142 27101948-0 2016 Oxime-mediated in vitro reactivation kinetic analysis of organophosphates-inhibited human and electric eel acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 57-73 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 107-127 27101948-1 2016 Organophosphate (OP)-based pesticides and nerve agents are highly toxic compounds which interrupt the catalytic mechanism of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by phosphorylating the hydroxyl moiety of serine residue. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 125-145 27101948-1 2016 Organophosphate (OP)-based pesticides and nerve agents are highly toxic compounds which interrupt the catalytic mechanism of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by phosphorylating the hydroxyl moiety of serine residue. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 147-151 30090408-3 2016 Herein, we present a novel hybrid compound which is able not only to keep acetylcholinesterase resistant to organophosphate (OP) inhibitors, but also to serve as an enzyme reactivator in the case of OP intoxication. Organophosphates 108-123 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 74-94 27055524-0 2016 A mechanism-based 3D-QSAR approach for classification and prediction of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potency of organophosphate and carbamate analogs. Organophosphates 115-130 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 72-92 27055524-1 2016 Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate esters can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by binding covalently to a serine residue in the enzyme active site, and their inhibitory potency depends largely on affinity for the enzyme and the reactivity of the ester. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 54-74 27055524-1 2016 Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate esters can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by binding covalently to a serine residue in the enzyme active site, and their inhibitory potency depends largely on affinity for the enzyme and the reactivity of the ester. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 76-80 26747974-2 2016 Both oximes are very potent reactivators of organophosphate-inhibited AChE. Organophosphates 44-59 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 70-74 23625910-0 2015 Effect of paraoxonase 1 192 Q/R polymorphism on paraoxonase and acetylcholinesterase enzyme activities in a Turkish population exposed to organophosphate. Organophosphates 138-153 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 64-84 26459445-2 2015 Paper-based platforms, including point-of-care devices and 96-well plates, provided semi-quantitative information regarding the concentration of AchE (a biomarker for organophosphate poisoning). Organophosphates 167-182 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 145-149 26350723-0 2015 Discovery of New Classes of Compounds that Reactivate Acetylcholinesterase Inhibited by Organophosphates. Organophosphates 88-104 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 54-74 26520174-3 2015 The non-target toxicity and resistance problem of organophosphate and carbamate have become of growing concern, which may be due to the fact that they target the ubiquitous catalytic serine residue of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in mammals, birds, and beneficial insects. Organophosphates 50-65 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 223-227 26452809-2 2015 Paper-based platforms, including point-of-care devices and 96-well plates, provided semi-quantitative information regarding the concentration of AchE (a biomarker for organophosphate poisoning). Organophosphates 167-182 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 145-149 25758980-1 2015 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition has been described as the main mechanism of organophosphate (OP)-evoked toxicity. Organophosphates 83-98 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 26078409-1 2015 The current standard of care for treatment of organophosphate (OP) poisoning includes pretreatment with the weak reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor pyridostigmine bromide. Organophosphates 46-61 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 124-144 26078409-1 2015 The current standard of care for treatment of organophosphate (OP) poisoning includes pretreatment with the weak reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor pyridostigmine bromide. Organophosphates 46-61 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 146-150 25758980-1 2015 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition has been described as the main mechanism of organophosphate (OP)-evoked toxicity. Organophosphates 83-98 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 25407587-1 2015 Nerve agents are organophosphates acting as potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine and, consequently, the termination of the transmission of nerve impulses. Organophosphates 17-33 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 65-85 25407587-1 2015 Nerve agents are organophosphates acting as potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine and, consequently, the termination of the transmission of nerve impulses. Organophosphates 17-33 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 87-91 25407587-2 2015 The inhibition of AChE by an organophosphate can be reversed by a nucleophilic agent able to dephosphorylate a serine residue in the active site of AChE. Organophosphates 29-44 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 18-22 25407587-2 2015 The inhibition of AChE by an organophosphate can be reversed by a nucleophilic agent able to dephosphorylate a serine residue in the active site of AChE. Organophosphates 29-44 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 148-152 26243006-5 2015 Regular monitoring of erythrocyte AChE will enable farmers to identify potential exposure to organophosphate insecticides and take action to reduce exposures and improve their health and safety practices. Organophosphates 93-108 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 34-38 25660508-1 2015 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities (i.e., total AChE) in human blood are biomarkers for theranostic monitoring of organophosphate neurotoxin-poisoned patients. Organophosphates 151-166 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 25660508-1 2015 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities (i.e., total AChE) in human blood are biomarkers for theranostic monitoring of organophosphate neurotoxin-poisoned patients. Organophosphates 151-166 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 85-89 25835984-2 2015 Oxime antidotes commonly used to reactivate organophosphate inhibited AChE are ineffective against soman, while the efficacy of the recommended nerve agent bioscavenger butyrylcholinesterase is limited by strictly stoichiometric scavenging. Organophosphates 44-59 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 70-74 26043064-1 2015 A series of 278 organophosphate compounds acting as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors has been studied. Organophosphates 16-31 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 52-72 26334819-4 2015 Organophosphate resistance in mosquito is dependent on alteration in acetylcholinesterase (Ace) gene. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 69-89 25082528-1 2015 Combined in vivo and in silico studies were undertaken to gain insights into the change in mammalian brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity under acute toxicity conditions in response to two representatives of organophosphates (OPs)--dichlorvos (DCV) and dimethoate (DM). Organophosphates 214-230 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 129-133 26334819-4 2015 Organophosphate resistance in mosquito is dependent on alteration in acetylcholinesterase (Ace) gene. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 91-94 26165279-1 2015 A microdevice for coulometric detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) was fabricated based on the measurement of the inhibition of an enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), by OPs. Organophosphates 43-58 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 148-168 26417364-0 2015 Paper-based acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay combining a wet system for organophosphate and carbamate pesticides detection. Organophosphates 77-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 12-32 26417364-2 2015 Here, a paper-based sensor combined with a wet system was developed for the simple and rapid screening of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate (CM) pesticides based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 106-121 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 184-204 26417364-2 2015 Here, a paper-based sensor combined with a wet system was developed for the simple and rapid screening of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate (CM) pesticides based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 106-121 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 206-210 26460372-2 2015 The determination of an organophosphate pesticide, chlorpyrifos (CPF), was performed based on the inhibition system of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase bonded to magnetic beads through a biotin-streptavidin complex system. Organophosphates 24-39 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 130-150 26165279-1 2015 A microdevice for coulometric detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) was fabricated based on the measurement of the inhibition of an enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), by OPs. Organophosphates 43-58 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 170-174 24223422-1 2014 This paper describes the molecular modeling design, synthesis and characterization of a new bio-inspired hexapeptide of acetylcholinesterase enzyme and its interaction with the organophosphate pesticide dichlorvos monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Organophosphates 177-192 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 120-140 25190468-1 2014 The search of proficient oximes as reactivators of irreversibly inhibited-AChE by organophosphate poisoning necessitates an appropriate assessment of their physicochemical properties and reactivation kinetics. Organophosphates 82-97 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 74-78 24865421-6 2014 RESULTS: RBC AChE activity levels at presentation and at 24 h of presentation had a negative correlation with duration of mechanical ventilation in subjects who ingested dimethyl organophosphate, but this correlation was not observed for those who had ingested diethyl or unclassified organophosphate. Organophosphates 179-194 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 13-17 24041663-0 2014 Amperometric biosensing of organophosphate and organocarbamate pesticides utilizing polypyrrole entrapped acetylcholinesterase electrode. Organophosphates 27-42 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 106-126 24041663-1 2014 The work presented here describes a novel, easy and low-cost method of fabrication of a highly sensitive acetylcholinesterase biosensor and its application to detect organophosphate and organocarbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 166-181 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 105-125 24184599-1 2014 A new, highly sensitive and selective ECL assay biosensor based on target induced signal on has been developed for the detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs), whereby the smart integration of graphene nanosheets (GNs), CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymatic reaction yields a biofunctional AChE-GNs-QDs hybrid as cathodic ECL emitters for OPs sensing. Organophosphates 132-147 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 260-280 24184599-1 2014 A new, highly sensitive and selective ECL assay biosensor based on target induced signal on has been developed for the detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs), whereby the smart integration of graphene nanosheets (GNs), CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymatic reaction yields a biofunctional AChE-GNs-QDs hybrid as cathodic ECL emitters for OPs sensing. Organophosphates 132-147 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 282-286 24184599-1 2014 A new, highly sensitive and selective ECL assay biosensor based on target induced signal on has been developed for the detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs), whereby the smart integration of graphene nanosheets (GNs), CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymatic reaction yields a biofunctional AChE-GNs-QDs hybrid as cathodic ECL emitters for OPs sensing. Organophosphates 132-147 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 330-334 24345352-0 2014 Interactions between xylene-linked carbamoyl bis-pyridinium mono-oximes and organophosphates inhibited-AChE: a kinetic study. Organophosphates 76-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 103-107 24345352-1 2014 Reactivation of organophosphate (OP) inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by oximes is inadequate against various OP nerve agents known till date owing to their diverse structural features. Organophosphates 16-31 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 69-73 24040835-2 2013 AChE is inactivated by organophosphates (OPs) in chemical warfare nerve agents. Organophosphates 23-39 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-4 25484901-0 2014 Bioactive paper sensor based on the acetylcholinesterase for the rapid detection of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 84-99 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 36-56 25484901-3 2014 In this study, a bioactive paper-based sensor was developed for detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors including organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 126-141 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 77-97 25484901-3 2014 In this study, a bioactive paper-based sensor was developed for detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors including organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Organophosphates 126-141 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 99-103 24249815-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Organophosphate exposures can affect children"s neurodevelopment, possibly due to neurotoxicity induced by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, and may affect boys more than girls. Organophosphates 12-27 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 119-139 24249815-1 2013 BACKGROUND: Organophosphate exposures can affect children"s neurodevelopment, possibly due to neurotoxicity induced by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, and may affect boys more than girls. Organophosphates 12-27 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 141-145 24040835-2 2013 AChE is inactivated by organophosphates (OPs) in chemical warfare nerve agents. Organophosphates 41-44 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-4 23885349-1 2013 A nanoparticle-based fluorescence immunochromatographic test strip (FITS) coupled with a hand-held detector for highly selective and sensitive detection of phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an exposure biomarker of organophosphate (OP) pesticides and nerve agents, is reported. Organophosphates 225-240 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 171-191 23885349-1 2013 A nanoparticle-based fluorescence immunochromatographic test strip (FITS) coupled with a hand-held detector for highly selective and sensitive detection of phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an exposure biomarker of organophosphate (OP) pesticides and nerve agents, is reported. Organophosphates 225-240 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 193-197 23631528-1 2013 Amphiphilic peptides were designed to fold into a beta-sheet monolayer structure while presenting the catalytic triad residues of the enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (Glu, His, and Ser), to a solution containing the organophosphate, paraoxon. Organophosphates 213-228 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 142-162 23735753-9 2013 On the other hand pralidoxime, an oxime, reactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) after organophosphate poisoning, induced population spike recovery after DFP exposure in the presence of bradykinin and Lys-des-Arg(9)-bradykinin. Organophosphates 88-103 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 76-80 23959117-2 2013 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators were developed for the treatment of organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 77-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 23959117-2 2013 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators were developed for the treatment of organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 77-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 23453838-1 2013 Activated organophosphate (OP) insecticides and chemical agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to form OP-AChE adducts. Organophosphates 10-25 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 72-92 23453838-1 2013 Activated organophosphate (OP) insecticides and chemical agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to form OP-AChE adducts. Organophosphates 10-25 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 94-98 23453838-1 2013 Activated organophosphate (OP) insecticides and chemical agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to form OP-AChE adducts. Organophosphates 10-25 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 111-115 22960624-1 2013 Organophosphates (OP) inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7), both in peripheral tissues and central nervous system (CNS), causing adverse and sometimes fatal effects due to the accumulation of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 52-56 22990135-0 2013 Quantitative structure-activity relationships for organophosphates binding to acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 50-66 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 78-98 22684846-1 2013 Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate (CP) pesticides act by the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 76-96 22684846-1 2013 Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate (CP) pesticides act by the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 98-102 23410111-1 2013 Organophosphate nerve agents and pesticides are potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 69-89 23410111-1 2013 Organophosphate nerve agents and pesticides are potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 91-95 22990135-1 2013 Organophosphates are a group of pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents that inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for hydrolysis of the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 90-110 22990135-16 2013 The results suggest that this QSAR model can be used in physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models of organophosphate toxicity to determine the rate of acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Organophosphates 120-135 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 170-190 22868055-0 2013 Biosensor based on acetylcholinesterase immobilized onto layered double hydroxides for flow injection/amperometric detection of organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 128-143 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 19-39 22868055-1 2013 We developed a highly sensitive flow injection/amperometric biosensor for the detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) using layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as the immobilization matrix of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 91-106 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 195-215 22868055-1 2013 We developed a highly sensitive flow injection/amperometric biosensor for the detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) using layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as the immobilization matrix of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 91-106 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 217-221 23936791-3 2013 As a specific molecular target of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides, acetylcholinesterase activity and its inhibition has been early recognized to be a human biological marker of pesticide poisoning. Organophosphates 34-49 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 76-96 23936791-4 2013 Measurement of AChE inhibition has been increasingly used in the last two decades as a biomarker of effect on nervous system following exposure to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in occupational and environmental medicine. Organophosphates 147-162 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 15-19 24148993-3 2013 Natural anti-AChE includes carbamates, glycoalkaloids, anatoxins derived from green algae; synthetic anti-AChE includes highly poisonous organophosphates used as nerve gases and insecticides. Organophosphates 137-153 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 106-110 23293463-1 2012 OBJECTIVES: Retrospective analysis of the utility of serial measurements of serum acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in predicting the duration of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) and outcome of the patient from MV in organophosphate (OP) compound poisoning patients. Organophosphates 257-272 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 104-108 22542756-1 2012 Organophosphates (OPs), which are widely used as pesticides, are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 65-85 22542756-1 2012 Organophosphates (OPs), which are widely used as pesticides, are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 87-91 23256657-5 2012 Such an appropriate system for the detection of carbamates and highly toxic organophosphates is detection tubes with microcrystalline cellulose pellets containing immobilized acetylcholinesterase, by which analyzed air is sucked through. Organophosphates 76-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 175-195 22542756-1 2012 Organophosphates (OPs), which are widely used as pesticides, are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 65-85 22542756-1 2012 Organophosphates (OPs), which are widely used as pesticides, are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 87-91 22343626-1 2012 We present a systematic structural optimization of uncharged but ionizable N-substituted 2-hydroxyiminoacetamido alkylamine reactivators of phosphylated human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) intended to catalyze the hydrolysis of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited hAChE in the CNS. Organophosphates 227-242 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 181-186 22649796-0 2012 Reactivation kinetics of a series of related bispyridinium oximes with organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase--Structure-activity relationships. Organophosphates 71-86 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 103-123 22624144-1 2012 This work reports a sensitive amperometric biosensor for organophosphate pesticides (OPs) fabricated by modifying a glassy carbon electrode with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized on ionic liquid-functionalized graphene (IL-G). Organophosphates 57-72 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 145-165 22624144-1 2012 This work reports a sensitive amperometric biosensor for organophosphate pesticides (OPs) fabricated by modifying a glassy carbon electrode with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized on ionic liquid-functionalized graphene (IL-G). Organophosphates 57-72 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 167-171 22498093-1 2012 Organophosphate (OP)-induced brain damage is defined as progressive damage to the brain, resulting from the cholinergic neuronal excitotoxicity and dysfunction induced by OP-induced irreversible AChE inhibition. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 195-199 22381367-1 2012 Two microplate spectroscopic methods for determination of organophosphates, based on inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, were further improved and evaluated for determination of the chemical weapon agent Russian VX (RVX) in aqueous solutions. Organophosphates 58-74 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 99-119 22381367-1 2012 Two microplate spectroscopic methods for determination of organophosphates, based on inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, were further improved and evaluated for determination of the chemical weapon agent Russian VX (RVX) in aqueous solutions. Organophosphates 58-74 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 121-125 22280346-1 2012 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) is a primary target of many insecticides including organophosphates (OP) and carbamates (CB). Organophosphates 91-107 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 22280346-1 2012 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) is a primary target of many insecticides including organophosphates (OP) and carbamates (CB). Organophosphates 91-107 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 22230262-0 2012 Comparative kinetics of organophosphates and oximes with erythrocyte, muscle and brain acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 24-40 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 87-107 21998030-0 2012 Determination of acetylcholinesterase activity by the Ellman assay: a versatile tool for in vitro research on medical countermeasures against organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 142-157 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 17-37 22273496-6 2012 Exposure to organophosphates significantly reduced AChE activity across season, but was not sufficient enough to claim clinical symptoms whereas exposure to the pyrethroid insecticides and fungicides were sufficient enough to claim acute symptoms of poisoning. Organophosphates 12-28 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 51-55 22148672-4 2012 On the other hand, the hydrolysis of ATCl is inhibited in the presence of ACh or organophosphate pesticides (OPs, a AChE inhibitor), which will decrease the catalytic growth of Au NPs and, as a result, reduce the orientational response of LCs. Organophosphates 81-96 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-120 23030612-7 2012 Presently, a combination of an antimuscarinic agent, e.g. atropine, AChE reactivator such as one of the standard pyridinium oximes (pralidoxime, trimedoxime, obidoxime, HI-6) and diazepam are used for the treatment of organophosphate poisoning in humans. Organophosphates 218-233 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 68-72 22177963-1 2012 Acute organophosphate (OP) intoxication is important because of its high morbidity and mortality and occurrence of muscular paralysis associated by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity at the neuromuscular junction. Organophosphates 6-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 162-182 22177963-1 2012 Acute organophosphate (OP) intoxication is important because of its high morbidity and mortality and occurrence of muscular paralysis associated by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity at the neuromuscular junction. Organophosphates 6-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 184-188 21937214-1 2011 This paper reports site-specific affinity immobilization of (His)6-tagged acetylcholinesterase (AChE) onto Ni/NiO nanoparticles for the development of an electrochemical screen-printed biosensor for the detection of organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 216-231 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 74-94 21937214-1 2011 This paper reports site-specific affinity immobilization of (His)6-tagged acetylcholinesterase (AChE) onto Ni/NiO nanoparticles for the development of an electrochemical screen-printed biosensor for the detection of organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 216-231 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 96-100 21930118-0 2011 Reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase by isonitrosoacetone (MINA): a kinetic analysis. Organophosphates 16-31 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 48-68 21569834-1 2011 Many neurotoxic organophosphates (OPs) inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and as a result can cause a life threatening cholinergic crisis. Organophosphates 16-32 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 47-67 21668653-1 2011 Protection of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from the toxic effects of organophosphate insecticides and chemical warfare agents (OPs) may be provided by inhibitors that bind at the peripheral binding site (P-site) near the mouth of the active-site gorge. Organophosphates 79-94 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 25-45 21668653-1 2011 Protection of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from the toxic effects of organophosphate insecticides and chemical warfare agents (OPs) may be provided by inhibitors that bind at the peripheral binding site (P-site) near the mouth of the active-site gorge. Organophosphates 79-94 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 47-51 21381051-5 2011 ToxCast assay endpoints related to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition had low sensitivity for detecting organophosphate pesticides but good sensitivity for detecting N-methyl carbamates. Organophosphates 109-124 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 36-56 21381051-5 2011 ToxCast assay endpoints related to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition had low sensitivity for detecting organophosphate pesticides but good sensitivity for detecting N-methyl carbamates. Organophosphates 109-124 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 58-62 21752626-0 2011 Controlled immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on improved hydrophobic gold nanoparticle/Prussian blue modified surface for ultra-trace organophosphate pesticide detection. Organophosphates 139-154 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 29-49 21569834-1 2011 Many neurotoxic organophosphates (OPs) inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and as a result can cause a life threatening cholinergic crisis. Organophosphates 16-32 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 69-73 21569834-1 2011 Many neurotoxic organophosphates (OPs) inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and as a result can cause a life threatening cholinergic crisis. Organophosphates 34-37 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 47-67 21569834-1 2011 Many neurotoxic organophosphates (OPs) inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and as a result can cause a life threatening cholinergic crisis. Organophosphates 34-37 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 69-73 21730071-0 2011 Oxime-assisted acetylcholinesterase catalytic scavengers of organophosphates that resist aging. Organophosphates 60-76 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 15-35 21730071-1 2011 The cholinesterases, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase, are primary targets of organophosphates (OPs). Organophosphates 117-120 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 21-41 21730071-1 2011 The cholinesterases, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase, are primary targets of organophosphates (OPs). Organophosphates 117-120 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 43-47 21730071-1 2011 The cholinesterases, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase, are primary targets of organophosphates (OPs). Organophosphates 99-115 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 21-41 21730071-1 2011 The cholinesterases, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase, are primary targets of organophosphates (OPs). Organophosphates 99-115 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 43-47 20027669-5 2011 Commercial AChE reactivators (e.g. pralidoxime, HI-6, obidoxime, trimedoxime, methoxime) were originally developed for other members of the organophosphate family, such as nerve agents (e.g. sarin, soman, tabun, VX). Organophosphates 140-155 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 11-15 21493754-10 2011 Protein expression of ACHE nonsynonymous variant D134H (SNP6) is impaired: this variant shows compromised stability and altered rates of organophosphate inhibition and oxime-assisted reactivation. Organophosphates 137-152 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 21747136-9 2011 Acetylcholinesterase is inhibited by the nerve gas sarin and by organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 64-79 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 21481580-1 2011 A new sandwich-like electrochemical immunosensor has been developed for quantification of organophosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (OP-AChE), an exposure biomarker of organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents. Organophosphates 168-183 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 111-131 21514816-0 2011 Oxidative desorption of thiocholine assembled on core-shell Fe3O4/AuNPs magnetic nanocomposites for highly sensitive determination of acetylcholinesterase activity: an exposure biomarker of organophosphates. Organophosphates 190-206 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 134-154 21514816-1 2011 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity is a well established biomarker for biomonitoring of exposures to organophosphates (OPs) pesticides and chemical nerve agents. Organophosphates 103-119 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 21514816-1 2011 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity is a well established biomarker for biomonitoring of exposures to organophosphates (OPs) pesticides and chemical nerve agents. Organophosphates 103-119 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 21514816-1 2011 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity is a well established biomarker for biomonitoring of exposures to organophosphates (OPs) pesticides and chemical nerve agents. Organophosphates 121-124 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 21514816-1 2011 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity is a well established biomarker for biomonitoring of exposures to organophosphates (OPs) pesticides and chemical nerve agents. Organophosphates 121-124 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 21575287-1 2011 INTRODUCTION: Acetylcholinesterase inhibition by organophosphorus pesticides or organophosphate nerve agents can cause acute parasympathetic system dysfunction, muscle weakness, seizures, coma, and respiratory failure. Organophosphates 80-95 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 14-34 21601034-1 2011 This work reports a rapid and sensitive organophosphates (OPs) amperometric biosensor based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized on CdS-decorated graphene (CdS-G) nanocomposite. Organophosphates 40-56 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 95-115 21601034-1 2011 This work reports a rapid and sensitive organophosphates (OPs) amperometric biosensor based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized on CdS-decorated graphene (CdS-G) nanocomposite. Organophosphates 40-56 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 117-121 21601034-1 2011 This work reports a rapid and sensitive organophosphates (OPs) amperometric biosensor based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized on CdS-decorated graphene (CdS-G) nanocomposite. Organophosphates 58-61 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 95-115 21601034-1 2011 This work reports a rapid and sensitive organophosphates (OPs) amperometric biosensor based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized on CdS-decorated graphene (CdS-G) nanocomposite. Organophosphates 58-61 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 117-121 21601034-4 2011 Based on the inhibition of OPs on the enzymatic activity of the immobilized AChE, and used carbaryl as the model compound, the resulting biosensor exhibits excellent performance for OPs detection including good reproducibility, acceptable stability, and a reliable linear relationship between the inhibition and log[carbaryl] from 2 ng mL-1 up to 2 mug mL-1 with a detection limit of 0.7 ng mL-1,which provides a new promising tool for analysis of enzyme inhibitors. Organophosphates 27-30 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 76-80 21481580-1 2011 A new sandwich-like electrochemical immunosensor has been developed for quantification of organophosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (OP-AChE), an exposure biomarker of organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents. Organophosphates 168-183 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 136-140 20138030-3 2010 The powerful toxicity of organophosphate poisons is attributed primarily to their potent inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 25-40 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 103-123 21673941-0 2011 In vitro ability of currently available oximes to reactivate organophosphate pesticide-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 61-76 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 103-123 21673941-1 2011 We have in vitro tested the ability of common, commercially available, cholinesterase reactivators (pralidoxime, obidoxime, methoxime, trimedoxime and HI-6) to reactivate human acetylcholinesterase (AChE), inhibited by five structurally different organophosphate pesticides and inhibitors (paraoxon, dichlorvos, DFP, leptophos-oxon and methamidophos). Organophosphates 247-262 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 177-197 20303930-1 2010 Fluorogenic organophosphate inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) homologous in structure to nerve agents provide useful probes for high throughput screening of mammalian paraoxonase (PON1) libraries generated by directed evolution of an engineered PON1 variant with wild-type like specificity (rePON1). Organophosphates 12-27 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 64-68 20338155-10 2010 In the light of these findings AChE appears to be a potential therapeutic target at muscle injuries including organophosphate myopathy. Organophosphates 110-125 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 31-35 20888407-1 2011 Although organophosphate (OP)-induced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition is the critical mechanism causing toxicities that follow exposure, other biochemical events, including oxidative stress, have been reported to contribute to OP toxicity. Organophosphates 9-24 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 60-64 21432054-3 2011 Because of its physiological role, Ache has long been considered a highly specific biomarker for organisms exposed to anticholinesterasic agents, primarily agro-chemicals (organophosphate and carbamate pesticides). Organophosphates 172-187 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 35-39 20382137-1 2010 Organophosphates (OPs) exert their toxicity by inhibiting primarily acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and to a lesser extent butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 68-88 20382137-1 2010 Organophosphates (OPs) exert their toxicity by inhibiting primarily acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and to a lesser extent butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 90-94 20382137-1 2010 Organophosphates (OPs) exert their toxicity by inhibiting primarily acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and to a lesser extent butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 68-88 20382137-1 2010 Organophosphates (OPs) exert their toxicity by inhibiting primarily acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and to a lesser extent butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 90-94 20138030-5 2010 Many organophosphates and carbamates serve as potent insecticides, by selectively inhibiting insect acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 5-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 100-120 21133088-0 2010 Detection of organophosphate pesticide using polyaniline and carbon nanotubes composite based on acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Organophosphates 13-28 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 97-117 21133088-1 2010 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity may be useful biomarker for detecting of organophosphate pesticides (OP). Organophosphates 78-93 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 21133088-1 2010 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity may be useful biomarker for detecting of organophosphate pesticides (OP). Organophosphates 78-93 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 21133092-4 2010 The immobilized acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as a model, showed excellent activity to its substrate and provided a quantitative measurement of organophosphate pesticide. Organophosphates 143-158 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 16-36 21133092-4 2010 The immobilized acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as a model, showed excellent activity to its substrate and provided a quantitative measurement of organophosphate pesticide. Organophosphates 143-158 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 38-42 20472422-0 2010 Acetylcholinesterase biosensor design based on carbon nanotube-encapsulated polypyrrole and polyaniline copolymer for amperometric detection of organophosphates. Organophosphates 144-160 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 20472422-3 2010 Due to the biocompatible microenvironment provided by the copolymer network, the obtained composite was devised for AChE attachment, resulting in a stable AChE biosensor for screening of organophosphates (OPs) exposure. Organophosphates 187-203 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-120 20472422-3 2010 Due to the biocompatible microenvironment provided by the copolymer network, the obtained composite was devised for AChE attachment, resulting in a stable AChE biosensor for screening of organophosphates (OPs) exposure. Organophosphates 187-203 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 155-159 20472422-3 2010 Due to the biocompatible microenvironment provided by the copolymer network, the obtained composite was devised for AChE attachment, resulting in a stable AChE biosensor for screening of organophosphates (OPs) exposure. Organophosphates 205-208 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-120 20472422-3 2010 Due to the biocompatible microenvironment provided by the copolymer network, the obtained composite was devised for AChE attachment, resulting in a stable AChE biosensor for screening of organophosphates (OPs) exposure. Organophosphates 205-208 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 155-159 20147000-2 2010 Eight farmers had 30% to 50% baseline AChE activity, which suggests chronic organophosphate insecticide poisoning. Organophosphates 76-91 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 38-42 20188972-6 2010 Presence of an organophosphate pesticide or a nerve agent results in irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase intercepted on the dipstick. Organophosphates 15-30 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 96-116 20113735-3 2010 The biosensor detected paraoxon in the range 0.035-1.38 ppm and can be used to detect other AChE inhibiting organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 108-123 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 92-96 20058292-1 2010 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators are crucial antidotes to organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 66-81 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 20058292-1 2010 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators are crucial antidotes to organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 66-81 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 22-26 19778163-5 2009 We measured the AChE activity in blood and related it to clinical features of organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 78-93 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 16-20 20641589-15 2004 The esterase activity of BChE plays an important role in scavenging anti-AChE compounds such as cocaine, heroin, and organophosphate before they reach AChE at physiologically important sites. Organophosphates 117-132 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 73-77 20641640-15 2004 The esterase activity of BChE plays an important role in scavenging anti-AChE compounds such as cocaine, heroin, and organophosphate before they reach AChE at physiologically important sites. Organophosphates 117-132 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 73-77 20890554-2 2010 OBJECTIVE: The acetylcholinesterase activity was determined in study participants with a history of organophosphate and carbamate exposure and the most commonly used pesticides were identified in each study area. Organophosphates 100-115 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 15-35 19565307-2 2009 Inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis, Alzheimer"s disease, and in the prophylaxis of poisoning with organophosphates. Organophosphates 152-168 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 14-34 19565307-2 2009 Inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis, Alzheimer"s disease, and in the prophylaxis of poisoning with organophosphates. Organophosphates 152-168 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 36-40 19465093-1 2009 Oximes, including 2-pyridinealdoxime methiodide (2-PAM), are reactivators of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 118-133 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 77-97 19465093-1 2009 Oximes, including 2-pyridinealdoxime methiodide (2-PAM), are reactivators of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 118-133 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 99-103 19764241-0 2009 Selective detection of hypertoxic organophosphates pesticides via PDMS composite based acetylcholinesterase-inhibition biosensor. Organophosphates 34-50 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 87-107 19764241-1 2009 We report on a pair of highly sensitive amperometric biosensors for organophosphate pesticides (OPs) based on assembling acetylcholinesterase (AChE) on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-poly(diallydimethylemmonium) (PDDA)/gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) composite film. Organophosphates 68-83 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 121-141 19764241-1 2009 We report on a pair of highly sensitive amperometric biosensors for organophosphate pesticides (OPs) based on assembling acetylcholinesterase (AChE) on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-poly(diallydimethylemmonium) (PDDA)/gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) composite film. Organophosphates 68-83 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 143-147 19764241-4 2009 The hydrophobic surface based PDMS-PDDAN AuNPs/choline oxidase (ChO)/AChE biosensor (biosensor-1) shows excellent stability and unique selectivity to hypertoxic organophosphate. Organophosphates 161-176 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 69-73 19428926-1 2009 Recently, a dynamically working in vitro model with real-time determination of membrane-bound human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was shown to be a versatile model to investigate oxime-induced reactivation kinetics of organophosphate- (OP) inhibited enzyme. Organophosphates 225-240 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 122-126 19492815-2 2009 As an example, the detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors such as neurotoxins and organophosphates has implications for neuroscience, drug assessment, pharmaceutical development, and environmental monitoring. Organophosphates 95-111 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 32-52 19492815-2 2009 As an example, the detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors such as neurotoxins and organophosphates has implications for neuroscience, drug assessment, pharmaceutical development, and environmental monitoring. Organophosphates 95-111 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 54-58 19135350-0 2009 EQCM immunoassay for phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase as a biomarker for organophosphate exposures based on selective zirconia adsorption and enzyme-catalytic precipitation. Organophosphates 76-91 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 36-56 19111456-1 2009 We developed a simple strategy for designing a highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor for organophosphate pesticides (OPs) based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized onto Au nanoparticles-polypyrrole nanowires composite film modifid glassy carbon electrode (labeled as AChE-Au-PPy/GCE). Organophosphates 94-109 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 136-156 19111456-1 2009 We developed a simple strategy for designing a highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor for organophosphate pesticides (OPs) based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized onto Au nanoparticles-polypyrrole nanowires composite film modifid glassy carbon electrode (labeled as AChE-Au-PPy/GCE). Organophosphates 94-109 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 158-162 19111456-1 2009 We developed a simple strategy for designing a highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor for organophosphate pesticides (OPs) based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) immobilized onto Au nanoparticles-polypyrrole nanowires composite film modifid glassy carbon electrode (labeled as AChE-Au-PPy/GCE). Organophosphates 94-109 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 279-283 19689278-1 2009 Prophylactic approaches against intoxication with organophosphates (OP)/nerve agents can be based on following principles: keeping acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the key enzyme for toxic action of OP/nerve agents, intact (protection of cholinesterases) is a basic requirement for effective prophylaxis. Organophosphates 50-66 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 131-151 19122189-0 2009 Salivary acetylcholinesterase as a biomarker for organophosphate exposure. Organophosphates 49-64 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 9-29 19519385-8 2009 Presently, a combination of an antimuscarinic agent, e.g. atropine, AChE reactivator such as one of the standard pyridinium oximes (pralidoxime, trimedoxime, obidoxime, HI-6) and diazepam has been used for the treatment of organophosphate poisoning in humans. Organophosphates 223-238 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 68-72 19689278-1 2009 Prophylactic approaches against intoxication with organophosphates (OP)/nerve agents can be based on following principles: keeping acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the key enzyme for toxic action of OP/nerve agents, intact (protection of cholinesterases) is a basic requirement for effective prophylaxis. Organophosphates 50-66 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 153-157 19145051-2 2009 Organophosphate compounds cause poisoning, inhibiting acetylcholinesterase at the cholinergic synapses. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 54-74 18975951-2 2008 Organophosphates (OPs) exert their acute toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by phosphorylation of the catalytic serine. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 72-92 19194505-1 2009 Aphids, among the most destructive insects to world agriculture, are mainly controlled by organophosphate insecticides that disable the catalytic serine residue of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 90-105 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 164-184 19194505-1 2009 Aphids, among the most destructive insects to world agriculture, are mainly controlled by organophosphate insecticides that disable the catalytic serine residue of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 90-105 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 186-190 18975951-2 2008 Organophosphates (OPs) exert their acute toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by phosphorylation of the catalytic serine. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 94-98 18975951-2 2008 Organophosphates (OPs) exert their acute toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by phosphorylation of the catalytic serine. Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 72-92 18975951-2 2008 Organophosphates (OPs) exert their acute toxicity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by phosphorylation of the catalytic serine. Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 94-98 18676153-1 2008 Acetylcholinesterase reactivators are crucial antidotes for the treatment of organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 77-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 18855408-1 2008 A new magnetic electrochemical immunoassay has been developed as a tool for biomonitoring exposures to organophosphate (OP) compounds, e.g., insecticides and chemical nerve agents, by directly detecting organophosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (OP-AChE). Organophosphates 103-118 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 224-244 18855408-1 2008 A new magnetic electrochemical immunoassay has been developed as a tool for biomonitoring exposures to organophosphate (OP) compounds, e.g., insecticides and chemical nerve agents, by directly detecting organophosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (OP-AChE). Organophosphates 103-118 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 249-253 18804659-0 2008 Improvement of acetylcholinesterase-based assay for organophosphates in way of identification by reactivators. Organophosphates 52-68 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 15-35 18804659-2 2008 Detection of organophosphates is frequently based on following acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. Organophosphates 13-29 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 63-83 18804659-2 2008 Detection of organophosphates is frequently based on following acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. Organophosphates 13-29 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 85-89 18501341-1 2008 One of the therapeutic approaches to organophosphate poisoning is to reactivate AChE with site-directed nucleophiles such as oximes. Organophosphates 37-52 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 80-84 18468882-0 2008 Development of a bifunctional sensor using haptenized acetylcholinesterase and application for the detection of cocaine and organophosphates. Organophosphates 124-140 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 54-74 18371683-1 2008 An optical fiber biosensor consisting of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and bromothymol blue (BTB) doped sol-gel film was employed to detect organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos. Organophosphates 138-153 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 41-61 18423506-2 2008 The current report utilized the peripheral anionic site specific fluorogenic probe thioflavin t to determine if the organophosphates chlorpyrifos oxon and dichlorvos bind to the peripheral anionic site of human recombinant acetylcholinesterase, since certain organophosphates display concentration-dependent kinetics when inhibiting this enzyme. Organophosphates 116-132 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 223-243 18423506-2 2008 The current report utilized the peripheral anionic site specific fluorogenic probe thioflavin t to determine if the organophosphates chlorpyrifos oxon and dichlorvos bind to the peripheral anionic site of human recombinant acetylcholinesterase, since certain organophosphates display concentration-dependent kinetics when inhibiting this enzyme. Organophosphates 259-275 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 223-243 18564794-3 2008 The morbidity and mortality with organophosphate poisoning is relatively high despite the use of atropine as specific antidotal therapy and oximes to reactivate acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 33-48 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 161-181 18371683-1 2008 An optical fiber biosensor consisting of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and bromothymol blue (BTB) doped sol-gel film was employed to detect organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos. Organophosphates 138-153 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 63-67 18393843-10 2008 Oximes, by reactivating acetylcholinesterase, are important adjunct therapeutics in organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 84-99 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 24-44 18942695-0 2008 Nanoparticle-based electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase: an exposure biomarker of organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents. Organophosphates 131-146 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 84-104 18942695-1 2008 A nanoparticle-based electrochemical immunosensor has been developed for the detection of phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is a potential biomarker of exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents. Organophosphates 180-195 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 105-125 18942695-1 2008 A nanoparticle-based electrochemical immunosensor has been developed for the detection of phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is a potential biomarker of exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents. Organophosphates 180-195 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 127-131 18049927-1 2007 Organophosphate pesticides have been classically described as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in insects and invertebrates. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 76-96 18220560-1 2007 Understanding the mechanism of action of organophosphates (OP)/nerve agents -- irreversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) inhibition at the cholinergic synapses followed by metabolic dysbalance of the organism -- two therapeutic principles for antidotal treatment are derived. Organophosphates 41-57 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 114-118 18049927-1 2007 Organophosphate pesticides have been classically described as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in insects and invertebrates. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 98-102 18049927-4 2007 This enzyme is more sensitive than AChE to some organophosphates (OP), including dichlorvos, which is the parent compound for metrifonate, a therapeutic agent used in the treatment of cognitive impairment associated to Alzheimer"s disease. Organophosphates 48-64 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 35-39 17764957-1 2007 Acetylcholinesterase reactivators are crucial antidotes for the treatment of organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 77-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 17913689-6 2007 Second, through a novel chemistry, termed freeze-frame, click chemistry, we have used organophosphate conjugates of acetylcholinesterase as templates for the synthesis of novel nucleophilic reactivating agents. Organophosphates 86-101 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-136 17370251-0 2007 Reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited human AChE by combinations of obidoxime and HI 6 in vitro. Organophosphates 16-31 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 48-52 17924614-1 2007 Acetylcholinesterase reactivators are crucial antidotes for the treatment of organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 77-92 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 17702992-3 2007 However, more recent studies have suggested that the interactions of certain anticholinesterase organophosphates with acetylcholinesterase are more complex than previously thought since their inhibitory capacity has been noted to change as a function of inhibitor concentration. Organophosphates 96-112 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 118-138 17913689-8 2007 When linked at certain locations in the molecule, the attached fluorophore is sensitive to organophosphate conjugation with acetylcholinesterase, and thus the very target of insecticide or nerve agent action becomes a detection molecule for organophosphate exposure. Organophosphates 91-106 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 124-144 17913689-8 2007 When linked at certain locations in the molecule, the attached fluorophore is sensitive to organophosphate conjugation with acetylcholinesterase, and thus the very target of insecticide or nerve agent action becomes a detection molecule for organophosphate exposure. Organophosphates 241-256 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 124-144 17475919-3 2007 Inherent AChE-R overproduction under organophosphate intoxication confers both short-term protection (as a bioscavenger) and long-term neuromuscular damages (as a regulator). Organophosphates 37-52 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 9-13 17475919-5 2007 AChE-R(ER) purified to homogeneity showed indistinguishable biochemical properties, with IC50 = 10(-7) M for the organophosphate paraoxon, similar to mammalian cell culture-derived AChE. Organophosphates 113-128 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-4 17475919-8 2007 Our findings present plant-produced AChE-R(ER) as a bimodal agent, conferring both short- and long-term protection from organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 120-135 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 36-40 17196318-4 2007 Accordingly, "Oxime-assisted Catalysis" by AChE provides a potential means for catalyzing the hydrolysis of organophosphates in plasma prior to their reaching the cellular target site. Organophosphates 108-124 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 43-47 18085124-3 2007 Organophosphate compounds inhibit acetylcholinesterase resulting in acute toxicity. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 34-54 17504181-3 2007 Oximes hydrolytically cleave the organophosphates from acetylcholinesterase (AChE), restoring enzymatic function. Organophosphates 33-49 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 55-75 17504181-3 2007 Oximes hydrolytically cleave the organophosphates from acetylcholinesterase (AChE), restoring enzymatic function. Organophosphates 33-49 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 77-81 17030394-2 2007 Organophosphate compounds produce excessive cholinergic overstimulation in the CNS via blocking acetylcholinesterase activity. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 96-116 17382909-9 2007 These results in conjunction with previous data with organophosphates and organophosphonates emphasizes the necessity for kinetic studies as basis for future work on structural analysis with human AChE and for the development of effective broad-spectrum oximes. Organophosphates 53-69 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 197-201 17504354-1 2007 Organophosphates cause poisoning as a result of the excessive accumulation of acetylcholine at the cholinergic synapses due to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (ChE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 141-161 17467020-0 2007 Concentration-dependent interactions of the organophosphates chlorpyrifos oxon and methyl paraoxon with human recombinant acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 44-60 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 122-142 17335779-0 2007 Calcium-activated butyrylcholinesterase in human skin protects acetylcholinesterase against suicide inhibition by neurotoxic organophosphates. Organophosphates 125-141 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 63-83 17335779-5 2007 Considering the large size of the human skin with 1.8m(2) surface area with its calcium gradient in the 10(-3)M range, our results implicate calcium-activated BuchE as a major protective mechanism against suicide inhibition of AchE by organophosphates in this non-neuronal tissue. Organophosphates 235-251 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 227-231 17196318-5 2007 In turn, AChE, when conjugated with organophosphate, is employed as a template for "click-chemistry, freeze-frame" synthesis of new nucleophilic reactivating agents that could potentially prove useful in AChE reactivation at the target site as well as in catalytic scavenging of organophosphates in plasma. Organophosphates 36-51 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 9-13 17196318-5 2007 In turn, AChE, when conjugated with organophosphate, is employed as a template for "click-chemistry, freeze-frame" synthesis of new nucleophilic reactivating agents that could potentially prove useful in AChE reactivation at the target site as well as in catalytic scavenging of organophosphates in plasma. Organophosphates 36-51 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 204-208 17196318-5 2007 In turn, AChE, when conjugated with organophosphate, is employed as a template for "click-chemistry, freeze-frame" synthesis of new nucleophilic reactivating agents that could potentially prove useful in AChE reactivation at the target site as well as in catalytic scavenging of organophosphates in plasma. Organophosphates 279-295 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 9-13 17196318-5 2007 In turn, AChE, when conjugated with organophosphate, is employed as a template for "click-chemistry, freeze-frame" synthesis of new nucleophilic reactivating agents that could potentially prove useful in AChE reactivation at the target site as well as in catalytic scavenging of organophosphates in plasma. Organophosphates 279-295 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 204-208 17196318-6 2007 Finally, substituted AChE molecules can be conjugated to fluorophores giving rise to shifts in emission spectra for detection of dispersed organophosphates. Organophosphates 139-155 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 21-25 17366821-1 2007 BACKGROUND: Organophosphate pesticides affect mammalian brain development through mechanisms separable from the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymatic activity and resultant cholinergic hyperstimulation. Organophosphates 12-27 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 126-146 17454383-0 2007 Acetylcholinesterase-polyaniline biosensor investigation of organophosphate pesticides in selected organic solvents. Organophosphates 60-75 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 17590134-1 2007 Acute organophosphate poisoning leads to a cholinergic crisis secondary to an acetylcholine rise, developed by an acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Organophosphates 6-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 114-134 17141935-4 2007 Organophosphates block acetylcholinesterase activity, thereby inducing excessive cholinergic overstimulation in the central nervous system. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 23-43 17366821-1 2007 BACKGROUND: Organophosphate pesticides affect mammalian brain development through mechanisms separable from the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymatic activity and resultant cholinergic hyperstimulation. Organophosphates 12-27 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 148-152 16960032-3 2006 Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides, which are used in large amounts in agriculture to control insects, are designed to disrupt acetylcholine signaling by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 187-207 16960032-3 2006 Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides, which are used in large amounts in agriculture to control insects, are designed to disrupt acetylcholine signaling by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 209-213 16448058-1 2006 A highly sensitive flow injection amperometric biosensor for organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents based on self-assembled acetylcholinesterase (AChE) on a carbon nanotube (CNT)-modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode is described. Organophosphates 61-76 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 151-155 16801396-0 2006 Comparison of polyethylene glycol-conjugated recombinant human acetylcholinesterase and serum human butyrylcholinesterase as bioscavengers of organophosphate compounds. Organophosphates 142-157 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 63-83 16801396-1 2006 Comparative protection studies in mice demonstrate that on a molar basis, recombinant human acetylcholinesterase (rHuAChE) confers higher levels of protection than native human butyrylcholinesterase (HuBChE) against organophosphate (OP) compound intoxication. Organophosphates 216-231 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 92-112 16448058-7 2006 The developed PDDA/AChE/PDDA/CNT/GC biosensor integrated into a flow injection system was used to monitor organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents, such as paraoxon. Organophosphates 106-121 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 19-23 16971069-1 2006 Pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM), an antidote approved for the reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in organophosphate poisoning, dose-dependently hydrolyzed an acetylthiocholine iodide (ASCh). Organophosphates 114-129 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 83-103 16971069-1 2006 Pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM), an antidote approved for the reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in organophosphate poisoning, dose-dependently hydrolyzed an acetylthiocholine iodide (ASCh). Organophosphates 114-129 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 105-109 16807370-1 2006 Organophosphate pesticides (OPs), known inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), are used extensively throughout the world. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 54-74 16807370-1 2006 Organophosphate pesticides (OPs), known inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), are used extensively throughout the world. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 76-80 16403852-2 2006 However, more recently certain kinetic complexities in the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphates such as paraoxon (O,O-diethyl O-(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate) and chlorpyrifos oxon (O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphate) have raised questions regarding the adequacy of the kinetic scheme on which k(i) is based. Organophosphates 97-113 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 73-93 16256090-3 2005 Exposure to organophosphate (OP) chemical warfare agents (CWAs), pesticides, anesthetics, and a variety of drugs such as cocaine, as well as some neurodegenerative and liver disease states, selectively reduces AChE or BChE activity. Organophosphates 12-27 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 210-214 17125036-0 2006 [Possible consequences of acetylcholinesterase inhibition in organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 61-76 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 26-46 16429574-1 2005 Several studies demonstrated that pretreatment with reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, such as (pyridostigmine) PYR, improved the survival of animals intoxicated by organophosphate nerve agents (OP). Organophosphates 180-195 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 63-83 16429574-1 2005 Several studies demonstrated that pretreatment with reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, such as (pyridostigmine) PYR, improved the survival of animals intoxicated by organophosphate nerve agents (OP). Organophosphates 180-195 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 85-89 15741058-0 2005 Sonochemically fabricated acetylcholinesterase micro-electrode arrays within a flow injection analyser for the determination of organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 128-143 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 26-46 15951267-6 2005 In routine the measurement of acetylcholinesterase activity is more useful for the biological follow-up of subjects exposed to organophosphate phytosanitary compounds. Organophosphates 127-142 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 30-50 16149071-9 2005 These studies indicate that transcriptional inducers such as TSA up-regulate AChE, which then can bioscavenge any organophosphates present, thereby protecting the cells from OP-induced cytotoxicity. Organophosphates 114-130 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 77-81 16119193-2 2005 Owing to the fact that there exists no universal "broad-spectrum" reactivator of organophosphates-inhibited AChE, many laboratories have synthesized new AChE reactivators. Organophosphates 81-97 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 108-112 15762562-0 2005 Acetylcholinesterase-based organophosphate nerve agent sensing photonic crystal. Organophosphates 27-42 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 16268118-4 2004 Results of this study show that erythrocyte AChE inhibition provides a good biomarker of exposure to organophosphate pesticides in field studies with human populations. Organophosphates 101-116 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 44-48 15522601-1 2004 An amperometric silica sol-gel film immobilized biosensor doped with acetylcholinesterase was fabricated in the laboratory finding application in organophosphate detection based on enzyme inhibition. Organophosphates 146-161 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 69-89 15715671-1 2005 The 5.5 Mb chromosome 7q21-22 ACHE/PON1 locus harbours the ACHE gene encoding the acetylcholine hydrolyzing, organophosphate (OP)-inhibitable acetylcholinesterase protein and the paraoxonase gene PON1, yielding the OP-hydrolyzing PON1 enzyme which also displays arylesterase activity. Organophosphates 109-124 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 30-34 15715671-1 2005 The 5.5 Mb chromosome 7q21-22 ACHE/PON1 locus harbours the ACHE gene encoding the acetylcholine hydrolyzing, organophosphate (OP)-inhibitable acetylcholinesterase protein and the paraoxonase gene PON1, yielding the OP-hydrolyzing PON1 enzyme which also displays arylesterase activity. Organophosphates 109-124 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 59-63 15715671-1 2005 The 5.5 Mb chromosome 7q21-22 ACHE/PON1 locus harbours the ACHE gene encoding the acetylcholine hydrolyzing, organophosphate (OP)-inhibitable acetylcholinesterase protein and the paraoxonase gene PON1, yielding the OP-hydrolyzing PON1 enzyme which also displays arylesterase activity. Organophosphates 109-124 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 142-162 15498514-10 2004 HLo 7 was most potent with phosphonylated AChE and obidoxime with AChE inhibited by organophosphates and phosphoramidates. Organophosphates 84-100 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 66-70 14626722-0 2003 The clinical and electrophysiological features of a delayed polyneuropathy developing subsequently after acute organophosphate poisoning and it"s correlation with the serum acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 111-126 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 173-193 15207378-4 2004 The combination of differential metabolism of chiral organophosphorus (OP) pesticides and opposing stereoselectivity of inhibition of neuropathy target esterase (NTE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) can affect the value of the hen test, performed to OECD guidelines, in predicting the potential to cause organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP) in humans. Organophosphates 304-319 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 193-197 14985944-0 2004 Effect of organophosphorus hydrolysing enzymes on obidoxime-induced reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 84-99 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-136 14985944-1 2004 The reactivation of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by oximes results inevitably in the formation of highly reactive phosphyloximes (POX), which may re-inhibit the enzyme. Organophosphates 20-35 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 51-71 14985944-1 2004 The reactivation of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by oximes results inevitably in the formation of highly reactive phosphyloximes (POX), which may re-inhibit the enzyme. Organophosphates 20-35 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 73-77 15508279-1 2004 Enzyme electrodes for the determination of organophosphate pesticides were developed by using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in combination with a pH electrode. Organophosphates 43-58 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 94-114 15508279-1 2004 Enzyme electrodes for the determination of organophosphate pesticides were developed by using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in combination with a pH electrode. Organophosphates 43-58 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 116-120 14635269-2 2003 In addition, MCP is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterases from the human central nervous system and blood, and may have a red blood cell (RBC) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) protective effect against inhibition by organophosphates. Organophosphates 215-231 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 169-173 12851386-2 2003 AChE is inactivated by organophosphates as they pass through the P-site and phosphorylate the catalytic serine in the A-site. Organophosphates 23-39 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-4 14748471-11 2003 INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: In acute organophosphate poisoning, severe and prolonged acetylcholinesterase inhibition is associated with oxidative stress, detected in erythrocyte membranes, that occurs early in the course of poisoning and may contribute to the development and severity of intermediate syndrome. Organophosphates 42-57 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 90-110 11846640-4 2002 Most nonoccupational illnesses resulting from entry into areas treated with chlorpyrifos likely stem from odor, rather than the ability of the organophosphate to inhibit AChE. Organophosphates 143-158 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 170-174 12618125-9 2003 This mechanism may explain central side effects previously attributed to this drug as well as the potency of AChE inhibitors, including nerve-gas agents and organophosphate pesticides, in the initiation of cortical synchronization, epileptic discharge, and excitotoxic damage. Organophosphates 157-172 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 109-113 12583695-1 2003 Early treatment of organophosphate (OP) poisoning with oximes results in reactivation of acetylcholinesterase and patient recovery. Organophosphates 19-34 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 89-109 12242610-0 2002 Reactivation kinetics of acetylcholinesterase from different species inhibited by highly toxic organophosphates. Organophosphates 95-111 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 25-45 12242610-1 2002 Standard treatment of poisoning by organophosphates (OP) includes the administration of an antimuscarinic agent, e.g. atropine, and of an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivator (oxime). Organophosphates 35-51 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 138-158 11577800-0 2001 Acetylcholinesterase inhibition and the extrapyramidal syndrome: a review of the neurotoxicity of organophosphate. Organophosphates 98-113 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 11852665-10 2002 All, including Tabun, Sarin, Soman, and VX, are organophosphates that inactivate acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 48-64 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 81-101 12507060-0 2002 Serum acetylcholinesterase and prognosis of acute organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 50-65 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 6-26 12507060-1 2002 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of serum acetylcholinesterase levels and their relationship with neurological syndromes (Type 1 syndrome, intermediate syndrome, and delayed polyneuropathy) in acute organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 238-253 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 81-101 12507060-10 2002 CONCLUSION: In the acute phase of organophosphate poisoning, low serum acetylcholinesterase (> 50% of minimum normal value) supports the diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning but it does not show a significant relationship to the severity of poisoning (NS). Organophosphates 34-49 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 71-91 12507060-10 2002 CONCLUSION: In the acute phase of organophosphate poisoning, low serum acetylcholinesterase (> 50% of minimum normal value) supports the diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning but it does not show a significant relationship to the severity of poisoning (NS). Organophosphates 153-168 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 71-91 12507060-11 2002 The serum acetylcholinesterase activity may be a useful parameter in following the acute prognosis of organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 102-117 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 10-30 11577800-2 2001 Acute cholinergic crisis caused by the inhibition of synaptic acetylcholinesterase is the major manifestation of organophosphate poisoning and may cause death within minutes. Organophosphates 113-128 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 62-82 11205075-3 2001 These clinical manifestations occur from liposoluble organophosphates or metabolites with long-lasting half time, causeing delayed inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and subsequent burn out of the neuromuscular junction from acetylcholine overstimulation. Organophosphates 53-69 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 145-165 11453739-1 2001 Understanding reaction pathways of phosphylation, reactivation, and "aging" of AChE with toxic organophosphate compounds is both a biochemical and a pharmacological challenge. Organophosphates 95-110 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 79-83 11453739-7 2001 For methamidophos, we show that phosphylation of AChE involves elimination of the thiomethyl moiety and that the spontaneous reactivation of the resulting organophosphate adduct generates the phosphorus free AChE active site Ser-peptide. Organophosphates 155-170 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 208-212 11334332-1 2001 Obidoxime is an antidote approved for reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase in organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 88-103 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 64-84 10869180-13 2000 This inhibitory effect, measured by the relative decrease in the first-order phosphorylation rate constant k(OP) for the neutral organophosphate 7-[(methylethoxyphosphonyl)oxy]-4-methylcoumarin (EMPC) that resulted from fasciculin binding, decreased from 0.002 in wild-type human AChE to 0.24 in the D74G mutant. Organophosphates 129-144 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 280-284 11129708-14 2000 Propoxur inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity (the target site of organophosphates and carbamates) indicated that in 1998, frequencies of insensitive AChE-based resistance were 9% in Cx. Organophosphates 80-96 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 23-43 11129708-14 2000 Propoxur inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity (the target site of organophosphates and carbamates) indicated that in 1998, frequencies of insensitive AChE-based resistance were 9% in Cx. Organophosphates 80-96 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 45-49 10996660-5 2000 The available data indicate that experimental data for most organophosphates evaluated are limited; most organophosphates are equally potent RBC AChE inhibitors in different mammalian species; NOELs from repeated exposure studies of variable duration are usually equivalent; and, no particular grouping based on organophosphate structure is consistently more potent than another. Organophosphates 105-121 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 145-149 11163034-0 2001 Novel test and its automation for the determination of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and its application to organophosphate exposure. Organophosphates 111-126 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 67-87 11163034-6 2001 Acetylcholinesterase values were in the range of 0-14 UgHb(-1) in cases of organophosphate poisoning, in contrast with normal controls, who had AChE values of 24.4--37.9 UgHb(-1). Organophosphates 75-90 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 0-20 10801325-1 2000 Organophosphates inactivate acetylcholinesterase by reacting covalently with the active center serine. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 28-48 10529460-1 1999 Determination of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity is the appropriate tool for the diagnosis of organophosphate exposure and intoxication. Organophosphates 111-126 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 29-49 10817663-1 2000 The reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by oximes inevitably results in the formation of highly reactive phosphoryloximes (POX), which are able to re-inhibit the enzyme. Organophosphates 20-35 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 68-72 10641290-2 1999 Biosensors for organophosphates in solution may be constructed by monitoring the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or organophosphate hydrolase (OPH) immobilized to a variety of microsensor platforms. Organophosphates 15-31 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 93-113 10641290-2 1999 Biosensors for organophosphates in solution may be constructed by monitoring the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or organophosphate hydrolase (OPH) immobilized to a variety of microsensor platforms. Organophosphates 15-31 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 115-119 10529460-1 1999 Determination of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity is the appropriate tool for the diagnosis of organophosphate exposure and intoxication. Organophosphates 111-126 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 51-55 10529460-9 1999 This modified approach provides a simple way for sensitive and precise determination of AChE activity in whole blood in the presence of organophosphates even with low-tech equipment. Organophosphates 136-152 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 88-92 10421442-8 1999 Organophosphates equilibrate with AChE prior to phosphorylating the active site serine residue, and as predicted propidium had little effect on the phosphorylation rate constants for the fluorogenic organophosphate ethylmethyl-phosphonylcoumarin (EMPC). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 34-38 10421473-5 1999 Organophosphates being long-acting active site inhibitors of AChE were chosen for this study. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 61-65 10433700-1 1999 Reactivation of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a key objective in the treatment of OP poisoning. Organophosphates 16-31 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 47-67 10433700-1 1999 Reactivation of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a key objective in the treatment of OP poisoning. Organophosphates 16-31 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 69-73 10421494-2 1999 This enzyme has proved to be an excellent tool for the assessment of neuropathic potential of organophosphates (OP), in particular by comparison of an OP inhibitory activity in vitro against NTE and acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates 94-110 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 199-219 10085081-4 1999 Kinetic rate constants were determined for the phosphorylation of AChE by two fluorogenic organophosphates, 7-[(diethoxyphosphoryl)oxy]-1-methylquinolinium iodide (DEPQ) and 7-[(methylethoxyphosphonyl)oxy]-4-methylcoumarin (EMPC), by monitoring release of the fluorescent leaving group. Organophosphates 90-106 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 66-70 10230391-1 1999 This document presents a revised framework for conducting worker and dietary risk assessments for less-than-lifetime exposures to organophosphate or carbamate pesticides based on red blood cell (RBC) or brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition or the presence of clinical signs and symptoms. Organophosphates 130-145 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 231-235 10085081-7 1999 Binding of the small ligand propidium to the AChE peripheral site decreased kOP/KOP by factors of 2-20 for these organophosphates. Organophosphates 113-129 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 45-49 10229710-5 1999 These results could have additional significance as AChE is the target enzyme of agricultural organophosphate and carbamate pesticides as well as the commonly used household organophosphate chlorpyrifos (Dursban). Organophosphates 94-109 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 52-56 10229710-5 1999 These results could have additional significance as AChE is the target enzyme of agricultural organophosphate and carbamate pesticides as well as the commonly used household organophosphate chlorpyrifos (Dursban). Organophosphates 174-189 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 52-56 9547363-1 1998 Reactivation of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by oximes is the primary reason for their effectiveness in the treatment of OP poisoning. Organophosphates 16-31 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 69-73 9930975-9 1999 The inactivation of acetylcholinesterase with the same series of organophosphate nerve agents was also measured. Organophosphates 65-80 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 20-40 9427520-6 1997 In vivo suppression of the acetylcholine hydrolyzing activity of AChE and consequent impairment in cholinergic neurotransmission occur under exposure to both natural and pharmacological compounds, including organophosphate and carbamate insecticides and chemical warfare agents. Organophosphates 207-222 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 65-69 9587020-8 1998 The reactivation of human AChE by oximes was dependent on the organophosphate used. Organophosphates 62-77 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 26-30 9536457-1 1998 Chronic exposure to low levels of organophosphate (OP) compounds impairs acetylcholine (ACh) degradation by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and, in humans, may produce lasting neurotoxicity affecting cognitive function. Organophosphates 34-49 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 108-128 9536457-1 1998 Chronic exposure to low levels of organophosphate (OP) compounds impairs acetylcholine (ACh) degradation by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and, in humans, may produce lasting neurotoxicity affecting cognitive function. Organophosphates 34-49 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 130-134 9448738-1 1998 Reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is essential for rapid recovery after organophosphate (OP) poisoning. Organophosphates 92-107 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 26-46 9448738-1 1998 Reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is essential for rapid recovery after organophosphate (OP) poisoning. Organophosphates 92-107 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 48-52 18966870-1 1997 A fibre-optic based on immobilized acetylcholinesterase is described and its application in the detection of carbamate and organophosphate pesticides through enzyme inhibition measurements is discussed. Organophosphates 123-138 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 35-55 9471495-0 1997 [Possible consequences of AChE inhibition in organophosphate poisoning. Organophosphates 45-60 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 26-30 8951236-0 1996 Synthesis and 31P chemical shift identification of tripeptide active site models that represent human serum acetylcholinesterase covalently modified at serine by certain organophosphates. Organophosphates 170-186 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 108-128 8867149-6 1996 Our results indicated that the in vivo AChE inhibition test is selective, being very sensitive to detect toxicity of the organophosphates tested. Organophosphates 121-137 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 39-43 9076564-5 1996 Based on our results and on the correlation reported in the literature between AChE reduction and muscarinic receptor density, the hazardous implications of organophosphate environmental contamination on human and animal health are pointed out. Organophosphates 157-172 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 79-83 9000302-2 1996 AntiChEs consist of the organophosphates (OP), which irreversibly inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and the carbamates (CB), which reversibly inhibit AChE. Organophosphates 24-40 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 85-105 9000302-2 1996 AntiChEs consist of the organophosphates (OP), which irreversibly inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and the carbamates (CB), which reversibly inhibit AChE. Organophosphates 24-40 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 107-111 8023345-2 1994 However, subacute exposure of humans to organophosphates induces cognitive and emotional defects which might not solely be attributable to AChE inhibition. Organophosphates 40-56 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 139-143 8783813-5 1996 The oximes significantly, but not completely, reactivated organophosphate inhibited AChE. Organophosphates 58-73 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 84-88 8783813-9 1996 These data suggest that 2-PAM HI 6 and HLo 7 are less patent than obidoxime in reactivating human AChE inhibited by organophosphate pesticides. Organophosphates 116-131 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 98-102 7657613-8 1995 Analysis of the kinetics of acylation by organophosphates and conjugation by trifluoroacetophenones, along with deconstruction of the kinetic constants for carboxyl esters, suggests that AChE inhibition by fasciculin arises from reductions of both the commitment to catalysis and diffusional entry of substrate into the gorge. Organophosphates 41-57 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 187-191 7599168-2 1995 Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with spin-labelled organophosphate specifically bound to the AChE active-site serine, we studied the effects of both ligands on the topography of the AChE active-site gorge. Organophosphates 63-78 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 105-109 7671443-2 1995 Organophosphates can cause acute toxicity, which follows inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), or delayed neuropathy, which follows inhibition of neuropathy target esterase (NTE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 71-91 7671443-2 1995 Organophosphates can cause acute toxicity, which follows inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), or delayed neuropathy, which follows inhibition of neuropathy target esterase (NTE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 93-97 7671443-6 1995 Organophosphates actively able to inhibit AChE in animal models inhibited AChE in neuroblastoma cells. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 42-46 7671443-6 1995 Organophosphates actively able to inhibit AChE in animal models inhibited AChE in neuroblastoma cells. Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 74-78 7937562-1 1994 2,3-Butanedione monoxime, also known as diacetyl monoxime, is a nucleophilic agent which dephosphorylates acetylcholinesterase poisoned with organophosphates. Organophosphates 141-157 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 106-126 8023345-6 1994 We conclude that in addition to AChE, voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and nicotinic receptors are possible sites of action of organophosphates in mammalian systems. Organophosphates 122-138 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 32-36 7853361-1 1994 A light addressable potentiometric sensor was used to measure acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in order to evaluate the protective effects of quaternary compounds and NaF against enzyme phosphorylation and aging by two organophosphates. Organophosphates 223-239 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 84-88 7853361-2 1994 The use of the immobilized AChE made possible the quick removal of reagents (i.e., organophosphate, 2-pralidoxime, and protectant), thereby permitting accurate determination of AChE activity before and after phosphorylation and aging. Organophosphates 83-98 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 27-31 8186246-6 1994 Such potent and synergistic inhibition of AChE suggest that TS or CS, alone and in combination with THA, may prove beneficial in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning and Alzheimer"s disease. Organophosphates 146-161 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 42-46 1346558-1 1992 In the last decade, pyridostigmine, a quaternary carbamate that reversibly inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, was proposed for pretreatment of nerve gas (organophosphate) poisoning. Organophosphates 161-176 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 95-115 8134223-5 1994 (2) Laboratory study: The direct effect of obidoxime and of pralidoxime on acetylcholinesterase activity in vitro was investigated in normal human packed red blood cells pretreated with an organophosphate (paraoxon) or a carbamate (aldicarb or methomyl). Organophosphates 189-204 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 75-95 8264551-3 1993 Present results show that AE-2 decreases the rate of inhibition of FBS AChE by the positively charged organophosphate amiton-p-toluene sulfonate and the positively charged carbamates pyridostigmine and neostigmine but accelerates inhibition of FBS AChE by the neutral organophosphates paraoxon and diisopropylfluorophosphate. Organophosphates 268-284 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 71-75 8343986-7 1993 Use of acetylcholinesterase as a single pretreatment drug provided greater protection against both lethal and behavioral effects of potent organophosphates than current multicomponent drug treatments that prevent neither signs of toxicity nor behavioral deficits. Organophosphates 139-155 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 7-27 8406941-2 1993 The assays of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in whole blood and erythrocytes are mainly applied to estimate inhibition by organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates. Organophosphates 128-144 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 14-34 8406941-2 1993 The assays of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in whole blood and erythrocytes are mainly applied to estimate inhibition by organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates. Organophosphates 128-144 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 36-40 8406941-2 1993 The assays of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in whole blood and erythrocytes are mainly applied to estimate inhibition by organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates. Organophosphates 146-149 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 14-34 8406941-2 1993 The assays of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in whole blood and erythrocytes are mainly applied to estimate inhibition by organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates. Organophosphates 146-149 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 36-40 8503347-5 1993 Organophosphate pesticides act as irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, while carbamate pesticides produce reversible effects. Organophosphates 0-15 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 47-67 8493783-3 1993 Also, there have been no significant differences in efficacy and speed of reactivation of acetylcholinesterase inhibited by organophosphates when HI-6 is applied in the form of permanent intravenous infusion or repeated intramuscular injections. Organophosphates 124-140 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 90-110 2256118-25 1990 The approach holds promise for predictive simulation of organophosphate-mediated AChE inhibition in humans. Organophosphates 56-71 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 81-85 1757241-1 1991 Pyridostigmine bromide, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), is effectively used as a pre-treatment to organophosphate intoxication. Organophosphates 121-136 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 72-76 1906943-5 1991 In general, organophosphates are more neurotoxic than carbamate compounds, as evidenced by higher degree of AChE inhibition by DFP and Metacid-50 as compared to eserine and carbaryl. Organophosphates 12-28 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 108-112 1906943-6 1991 Assays were also done with psychotropic drugs by employing the procedure of in vitro AChE inhibition kinetics, and it was found that psychotropic drugs are less potent than organophosphate and carbamate compounds. Organophosphates 173-188 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 85-89 1906943-7 1991 Results indicate that pure and commercial organophosphates and carbamates and psychotropic drugs are all able to significantly alter the AChE activity. Organophosphates 42-58 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 137-141 2005669-1 1991 Although acetylcholinesterase is the target molecule of organophosphate poisoning, it is not always assayed in clinical evaluations which include only the determination of plasma or serum cholinesterase. Organophosphates 56-71 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 9-29 2005669-9 1991 The determination of both cholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase assists the evaluation of individuals exposed to or poisoned by organophosphate, the differentiation of other conditions affecting cholinesterase and the recognition of genetically atypical cholinesterase. Organophosphates 130-145 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 45-65 34627797-1 2022 BACKGROUND: Organophosphates are insecticides that inhibit the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 12-28 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 85-105 2400840-0 1990 In vitro inhibition of acetylcholinesterase from four marine species by organophosphates and carbamates. Organophosphates 72-88 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 23-43 34627797-1 2022 BACKGROUND: Organophosphates are insecticides that inhibit the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 12-28 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 107-111 34627797-2 2022 Because of this, AChE is considered a physiological marker of organophosphate exposure in agricultural settings. Organophosphates 62-77 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 17-21 34627797-3 2022 However, limited research exists on the associations between urinary organophosphate metabolites and AChE activity in children. Organophosphates 69-84 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 101-105 34627797-12 2022 CONCLUSIONS: Urinary organophosphate metabolites, including PNP, TCPy and MDA, particularly at concentrations above the 80th percentile, were associated with lower AChE activity among adolescents. Organophosphates 21-36 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 164-168 34832929-1 2021 The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by organophosphates (OPs) as nerve agents and pesticides compromises normal cholinergic nerve signal transduction in the peripheral and central nervous systems (CNS) leading to cholinergic crisis. Organophosphates 82-98 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 18-38 34884060-0 2021 Colorimetric Detection of Organophosphate Pesticides Based on Acetylcholinesterase and Cysteamine Capped Gold Nanoparticles as Nanozyme. Organophosphates 26-41 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 62-82 34884060-1 2021 Organophosphates (OPs) are neurotoxic agents also used as pesticides that can permanently block the active site of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 119-139 34884060-1 2021 Organophosphates (OPs) are neurotoxic agents also used as pesticides that can permanently block the active site of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 0-16 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 141-145 34884060-1 2021 Organophosphates (OPs) are neurotoxic agents also used as pesticides that can permanently block the active site of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 119-139 34884060-1 2021 Organophosphates (OPs) are neurotoxic agents also used as pesticides that can permanently block the active site of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Organophosphates 18-21 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 141-145 34888010-2 2021 The main action of organophosphate focuses on acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and it therefore contributes to acute cholinergic crisis, intermediate syndrome and delayed neurotoxicity. Organophosphates 19-34 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 46-66 34832929-1 2021 The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by organophosphates (OPs) as nerve agents and pesticides compromises normal cholinergic nerve signal transduction in the peripheral and central nervous systems (CNS) leading to cholinergic crisis. Organophosphates 82-98 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 40-44 34832929-1 2021 The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by organophosphates (OPs) as nerve agents and pesticides compromises normal cholinergic nerve signal transduction in the peripheral and central nervous systems (CNS) leading to cholinergic crisis. Organophosphates 100-103 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 18-38 34832929-1 2021 The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by organophosphates (OPs) as nerve agents and pesticides compromises normal cholinergic nerve signal transduction in the peripheral and central nervous systems (CNS) leading to cholinergic crisis. Organophosphates 100-103 acetylcholinesterase (Cartwright blood group) Homo sapiens 40-44