PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 2491757-1 1989 The effects of age on the activity and translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) and on the facilitation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) release induced by PKC activation with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate were investigated. Phorbol Esters 187-200 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 163-166 3162207-1 1988 Transfection of NIH 3T3 cells with plasmids containing rat brain protein kinase C-I (PKC-I) cDNA controlled by strong viral promoter/enhancer elements led to PKC-I gene expression as assessed by Northern analysis, cellular binding of phorbol ester, immunoblotting of cellular PKC, and membrane-associated PKC activity. Phorbol Esters 234-247 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 65-90 3249235-3 1988 Upon incubation with the phorbol ester phorbol dibutyrate (PDBu, 10(-6) M) for 20 min, PKC activity increased in the membrane-associated fraction and decreased in the cytoplasmic fraction. Phorbol Esters 25-38 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 87-90 3249235-4 1988 Longer incubations with phorbol ester also induced a decline in membrane-associated PKC activity. Phorbol Esters 24-37 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 84-87 3345563-6 1988 These results provide direct evidence that PKC plays a critical role in growth control and that it mediates several of the cellular effects of the phorbol ester tumor promoters. Phorbol Esters 147-160 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 43-46 3162207-1 1988 Transfection of NIH 3T3 cells with plasmids containing rat brain protein kinase C-I (PKC-I) cDNA controlled by strong viral promoter/enhancer elements led to PKC-I gene expression as assessed by Northern analysis, cellular binding of phorbol ester, immunoblotting of cellular PKC, and membrane-associated PKC activity. Phorbol Esters 234-247 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 85-90 3162207-1 1988 Transfection of NIH 3T3 cells with plasmids containing rat brain protein kinase C-I (PKC-I) cDNA controlled by strong viral promoter/enhancer elements led to PKC-I gene expression as assessed by Northern analysis, cellular binding of phorbol ester, immunoblotting of cellular PKC, and membrane-associated PKC activity. Phorbol Esters 234-247 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 85-88 3423468-1 1986 Protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in signal transduction and the action of phorbol ester tumor promoters, and it is of interest to isolate the coding sequence of this enzyme. Phorbol Esters 88-101 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-16 2881817-4 1987 Preincubation of the tissue with the tumor-promoting phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA, 10(-7) mol/l) translocated PK-C to the membranes, and the majority of this activity was recovered by solubilization. Phorbol Esters 53-66 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 137-141 3423468-1 1986 Protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in signal transduction and the action of phorbol ester tumor promoters, and it is of interest to isolate the coding sequence of this enzyme. Phorbol Esters 88-101 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 18-21 26750151-6 2016 Phorbol ester, 12,13-dibutyrate-induced mechanical allodynia and associated neuronal activations were all prevented by inhibiting selectively segmental PKCgamma with KIG31-1. Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 152-160 30921339-7 2019 Phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, up-regulated FGF23 production. Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 60-63 22301620-10 2012 When PKC was directly activated using a phorbol ester, total UT-A1 phosphorylation increased, but phosphorylation at serine 486 was not increased, indicating that PKC did not phosphorylate UT-A1 at the same residue as PKA. Phorbol Esters 40-53 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 5-8 24349196-4 2013 Activation of PKC with phorbol ester stimulated L-carnitine transport and increased cell surface presence of the transporter, although no PKC-specific phosphorylation of Octn2 could be detected. Phorbol Esters 23-36 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 14-17 18381652-2 2008 It is known that activation of PKC by phorbol esters promotes the clathrin-dependent internalization of the transporter, followed by its lysosomal degradation. Phorbol Esters 38-52 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 31-34 18816790-3 2009 2) Evoked acetylcholine (ACh) release is enhanced with the PKA agonist Sp-8-BrcAMP and the PKC agonist phorbol ester (PMA). Phorbol Esters 103-116 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 91-94 18816790-10 2009 In contrast, PKA inhibition prevent PKC stimulation (with the phorbol ester) and coupling to ACh output. Phorbol Esters 62-75 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 36-39 16386712-3 2006 The translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the membrane was studied using the phorbol ester 12,13-dibutyrate ([3H]PDBu) binding in control and bilateral entorhinal cortex (EC) lesioned rats. Phorbol Esters 80-93 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 21-24 16987344-2 2006 This study is designed to examine the effects of propofol on the active phorbol ester (phorbol 12, 13-dibutyrate; PDBu)-induced, PKC-mediated contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle. Phorbol Esters 72-85 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 129-132 15572345-6 2004 The augmenting effect of phorbol esters or forskolin is blocked by various PKC or PKA inhibitors, indicating the involvement of these kinases. Phorbol Esters 25-39 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 75-78 12790799-0 2003 Fatty acid and phorbol ester-mediated interference of mitogenic signaling via novel protein kinase C isoforms in pancreatic beta-cells (INS-1). Phorbol Esters 15-28 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 84-100 12790799-5 2003 To further investigate whether conventional or novel PKC isoforms adversely affect beta-cell proliferation, the effect of phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PMA)-mediated activation of these PKC isoforms on glucose/IGF-I-induced INS-1 cell mitogenesis, and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-mediated signal transduction was investigated. Phorbol Esters 122-135 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 204-207 12089597-7 2002 The specificity of the response to PKC was confirmed by using the kinase inhibitor staurosporine or the inactive phorbol ester 4-alpha-PMA. Phorbol Esters 113-126 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 35-38 12562894-6 2003 The hormonal effects also became irreversible in cells in which PKC activity was selectively impaired with GF109203X, Go6976 or long-term incubation with phorbol esters. Phorbol Esters 154-168 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 64-67 11896155-2 2002 We report here that selective activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters induces a rapid dispersal of NMDA receptors from synaptic to extrasynaptic plasma membrane in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Phorbol Esters 72-86 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 44-60 11896155-2 2002 We report here that selective activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters induces a rapid dispersal of NMDA receptors from synaptic to extrasynaptic plasma membrane in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Phorbol Esters 72-86 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 62-65 11282458-0 2001 Protein kinase C-dependent and -independent inhibition of Ca(2+) influx by phorbol ester in rat pancreatic beta-cells. Phorbol Esters 75-88 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-16 11768000-0 2001 Differences in the expression of protein kinase C isoforms and its translocation after stimulation with phorbol ester between young-adult and middle-aged ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from Fischer 344 rats. Phorbol Esters 104-117 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 33-49 11478406-1 2001 BACKGROUND: In the obesity model of the Zucker rat, myocardial protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol ester is impaired. Phorbol Esters 100-113 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 63-79 11478406-1 2001 BACKGROUND: In the obesity model of the Zucker rat, myocardial protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol ester is impaired. Phorbol Esters 100-113 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 81-84 11679428-6 2001 The effects of phorbol ester, CCh, and CCK were inhibited by as much as 75% by the PKC inhibitors GF 109203X and Ro-32-0432 and after PKC downregulation. Phorbol Esters 15-28 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 83-86 11500965-6 2001 These data suggest that ERKs are activated by PKC in response to TPA treatment and are downstream mediators of the gap junction effects of the phorbol ester. Phorbol Esters 143-156 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 46-49 11282458-2 2001 Application of 80 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a PKC-activating phorbol ester, had little effect on glucose (15 mM)-induced insulin secretion from intact rat islets. Phorbol Esters 77-90 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 62-65 11282458-13 2001 PKC-independent inhibition of electrical excitability by phorbol esters was also demonstrated. Phorbol Esters 57-71 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-3 11560763-0 2001 Phorbol ester impairs electrical excitation of rat pancreatic beta-cells through PKC-independent activation of KATP channels. Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 81-84 11560763-1 2001 BACKGROUND: Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is often used as an activating phorbol ester of protein kinase C (PKC) to investigate the roles of the kinase in cellular functions. Phorbol Esters 81-94 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 98-114 11560763-1 2001 BACKGROUND: Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is often used as an activating phorbol ester of protein kinase C (PKC) to investigate the roles of the kinase in cellular functions. Phorbol Esters 81-94 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 116-119 10678110-0 1999 Effects of pentoxifylline and protein kinase C inhibitor on phorbol ester-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in brain microvascular endothelial cells. Phorbol Esters 60-73 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 30-46 10889193-3 2000 Hormonal signals, in particular mediated through protein kinase C (PKC), play a central role in the modulation of IRP/IRE interactions since phorbol esters were shown to activate IRP binding (Eisenstein, R. S., Tuazon, P. T., Schalinske, K. L., Anderson, S. A., and Traugh, J. Phorbol Esters 141-155 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 49-65 10889193-3 2000 Hormonal signals, in particular mediated through protein kinase C (PKC), play a central role in the modulation of IRP/IRE interactions since phorbol esters were shown to activate IRP binding (Eisenstein, R. S., Tuazon, P. T., Schalinske, K. L., Anderson, S. A., and Traugh, J. Phorbol Esters 141-155 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 67-70 11082462-1 2000 The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and phorbol ester-induced changes in rat colonic cellular integrity and Ca(2+)-independent inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) activity was investigated. Phorbol Esters 68-81 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 12-28 11082462-1 2000 The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and phorbol ester-induced changes in rat colonic cellular integrity and Ca(2+)-independent inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) activity was investigated. Phorbol Esters 68-81 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 30-33 11082462-7 2000 Intracolonic administration of the phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA; 3 mg kg(-1)) increased colonic cellular PKC activity within 2 h after instillation. Phorbol Esters 35-48 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 127-130 10705998-0 1999 Protein kinase C isoforms in pituitary cells displaying differential sensitivity to phorbol ester. Phorbol Esters 84-97 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-16 9821665-0 1998 Possible involvement of protein kinase c inhibition in the reduction of phorbol ester-induced neutrophil aggregation by magnolol in the rat. Phorbol Esters 72-85 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 24-40 10215516-9 1999 These results indicate that chronic Pb exposure during development increases phorbol ester binding affinity, enhances phorbol ester-induced translocation of PKC, and down-regulates membrane PKC, mainly PKC-gamma. Phorbol Esters 118-131 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 157-160 9987015-3 1999 PKC activation by phorbol esters resulted in a large facilitation of field-evoked Ca(2+)-dependent [3H]-D-aspartate release and a lesser enhancement of KCl-stimulated release. Phorbol Esters 18-32 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-3 9886079-4 1999 AbetaPPs was constitutively secreted from cortical synaptosomes, with this secretion being enhanced significantly by the direct activation of PKC with phorbol ester. Phorbol Esters 151-164 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 142-145 10066430-3 1999 Phorbol ester activators of PKC have been shown to have divergent effects on laminin-mediated neurite outgrowth. Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 28-31 9987015-9 1999 Phorbol ester-induced facilitation of field-evoked [3H]-D-aspartate release and neurite Ca2+ entry was non-additive with that produced by the specific K+ channel antagonist dendrotoxin-1, suggesting that PKC modulates transmitter release from field-stimulated cerebellar granule cells by inhibiting a dendrotoxin-1-sensitive K+ channel. Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 204-207 9658185-3 1998 This effect was not observed with phorbol esters that do not activate PKC and was blocked by bisindolylmaleimide, a specific PKC inhibitor. Phorbol Esters 34-48 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 125-128 9632842-3 1998 The activation of PKC with phorbol ester also resulted in the stimulation of NO synthesis in these cells. Phorbol Esters 27-40 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 18-21 9645675-3 1998 PKC activity in tissue from hormone-treated and control female rats was measured, in the presence of phorbol ester and calcium, by quantifying 32p incorporation into a substrate peptide. Phorbol Esters 101-114 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-3 9506836-9 1998 These results demonstrate that the PKC-gamma Cys-2 domain beside being the binding site for phorbol ester/DAG and phosphatidylserine binds also other proteins. Phorbol Esters 92-105 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 35-44 7666190-1 1995 However, controversy exists concerning the actions of agents such as phorbol esters or diacylglycerol (DAG) that activate endogenous PKC, with both enhancement and inhibition of Ca2+ currents described. Phorbol Esters 69-83 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 133-136 9363758-1 1997 A prolonged cell exposure of all examined cell types to tumour-promoting phorbol esters leads to a substantial inactivation and degradation of protein kinase C (PKC), a phenomenon known as down-regulation. Phorbol Esters 73-87 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 143-159 9363758-1 1997 A prolonged cell exposure of all examined cell types to tumour-promoting phorbol esters leads to a substantial inactivation and degradation of protein kinase C (PKC), a phenomenon known as down-regulation. Phorbol Esters 73-87 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 161-164 8979259-1 1996 Agents which stimulate protein kinase C (PKC), including phorbol esters, synergistically enhance STa effects on cGMP and secretion. Phorbol Esters 57-71 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 41-44 8979259-4 1996 The STa receptor was phosphorylated in its basal state, and 32P content in the 150 kDa holoreceptor band increased 2-fold in cells exposed to phorbol ester for 1 h. In vitro, immunopurified STa receptor was readily phosphorylated by purified rat brain PKC. Phorbol Esters 142-155 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 252-255 8931480-8 1996 By comparison, phorbol ester-stimulated translocation of this activity and of PKC delta and epsilon immunoreactivity was absent in cortex from aged animals, as well as the translocation of the calcium-dependent PKC beta, also known to interact with RACK1. Phorbol Esters 15-28 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 78-81 8955949-8 1996 However, with PKC-beta and PKC-gamma the only detectable translocation from cytosol to membrane was in the phorbol ester-treated slices. Phorbol Esters 107-120 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 27-36 9196561-0 1996 Pretreatment with phorbol ester and an LHRH agonist reduces testosterone production and protein kinase C activity in rat Leydig cells challenged with PDBu and LHRH. Phorbol Esters 18-31 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 88-104 9196561-8 1996 We conclude that down-modulation of protein kinase C by prolonged exposure of Leydig cells to phorbol esters or LHRH-A results in decreased PK-C activity and testosterone secretion. Phorbol Esters 94-108 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 36-52 9196561-8 1996 We conclude that down-modulation of protein kinase C by prolonged exposure of Leydig cells to phorbol esters or LHRH-A results in decreased PK-C activity and testosterone secretion. Phorbol Esters 94-108 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 140-144 8611143-5 1996 The PKC inhibitor RO 31-8220 did not inhibit PI 3-kinase directly or its activation in situ by insulin, but inhibited both insulin-stimulated and phorbol ester-stimulated glucose transport. Phorbol Esters 146-159 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 4-7 8573741-6 1995 Increasing PKC activity by treatment with a DAG analogue or active phorbol ester stimulated luciferase activity preferentially in G100; addition of the PKC inhibitors staurosporine or calphostin C markedly inhibited luciferase activity preferentially in G450. Phorbol Esters 67-80 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 11-14 9282952-2 1997 In astrocytes, a 10-min treatment with the phorbol esters phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and 4beta-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4beta-PDD) (but not with 4alpha-PDD) or with diacylglycerol, which activate PKC, dose-dependently enhanced cyclic AMP accumulation induced by the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol and the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin. Phorbol Esters 43-57 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 209-212 9110992-4 1997 Phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) completely blocked PLD activation but not the formation of DG and phosphocholine at 10 min of PDGF stimulation. Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 41-57 9110992-4 1997 Phorbol ester-induced down-regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) completely blocked PLD activation but not the formation of DG and phosphocholine at 10 min of PDGF stimulation. Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 59-62 9202672-5 1997 Cells (three dishes per group) were treated with the PK-C activating phorbol ester phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) (100 nM) or vehicle for 1 hr and challenged with EGF (50 ng/ml) or vehicle for 15 min. Phorbol Esters 69-82 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 53-57 9034963-2 1997 We investigated EPG turnover, including both 1-alkenyl-2-acyl- (plasmalogen) and diacyl-classes, in response to stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester (4 beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)) in cultured C6 rat glioma cells. Phorbol Esters 153-166 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 127-143 9034963-2 1997 We investigated EPG turnover, including both 1-alkenyl-2-acyl- (plasmalogen) and diacyl-classes, in response to stimulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester (4 beta-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)) in cultured C6 rat glioma cells. Phorbol Esters 153-166 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 145-148 8978729-4 1997 Previous work from this laboratory has documented that phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C (PKC) decreases dopamine transport Vmax in transiently expressing COS cells. Phorbol Esters 55-68 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 83-99 8978729-4 1997 Previous work from this laboratory has documented that phorbol ester activation of protein kinase C (PKC) decreases dopamine transport Vmax in transiently expressing COS cells. Phorbol Esters 55-68 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 101-104 8850328-0 1996 Effects of repeated administration of a kappa-opioid agonist on phorbol ester binding to membrane-bound protein kinase C in rat brain. Phorbol Esters 64-77 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 104-120 8750931-10 1996 These results indicate that phorbol esters affect the stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein (Gs) of FRSK via a PKC-dependent pathway. Phorbol Esters 28-42 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 120-123 7653623-1 1995 The purpose of this study was to investigate, through phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) downregulation, the role of PKC in the regulation of alpha-adrenergic agonist- and prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha-induced contraction in vascular smooth muscle. Phorbol Esters 54-67 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 76-92 7653623-1 1995 The purpose of this study was to investigate, through phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) downregulation, the role of PKC in the regulation of alpha-adrenergic agonist- and prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha-induced contraction in vascular smooth muscle. Phorbol Esters 54-67 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 94-97 7653623-1 1995 The purpose of this study was to investigate, through phorbol ester-induced protein kinase C (PKC) downregulation, the role of PKC in the regulation of alpha-adrenergic agonist- and prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha-induced contraction in vascular smooth muscle. Phorbol Esters 54-67 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 127-130 7653623-6 1995 Short-term phorbol ester exposure of PKC-downregulated tissues potentiated the plateau PGF2 alpha contraction elicited in Ca(2+)-free solution, although the magnitude of potentiation was less than that observed in non-PKC downregulated tissues. Phorbol Esters 11-24 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 37-40 7653623-6 1995 Short-term phorbol ester exposure of PKC-downregulated tissues potentiated the plateau PGF2 alpha contraction elicited in Ca(2+)-free solution, although the magnitude of potentiation was less than that observed in non-PKC downregulated tissues. Phorbol Esters 11-24 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 218-221 8092261-5 1994 Both desensitization to U-46619 and loss of TxA2 binding sites could be attenuated by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors staurosporine, sphingosine, or H-7, and TxA2 receptor responsiveness was reduced in cells incubated with phorbol esters before stimulation with thromboxane agonists. Phorbol Esters 229-243 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 90-106 7631740-1 1995 The present study examined the effect of phorbol esters, Ca2+, and angiotensin II (ANG II) on protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in the rat proximal tubule. Phorbol Esters 41-55 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 112-115 7750571-2 1995 Recent studies indicate that the activation of endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol ester raises the rate of secretion of APPs. Phorbol Esters 86-99 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 58-74 7750571-2 1995 Recent studies indicate that the activation of endogenous protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol ester raises the rate of secretion of APPs. Phorbol Esters 86-99 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 76-79 7836756-7 1995 This conclusion is based on abrogation of sIg-induced CREB Ser133 phosphorylation by long-term phorbol-ester treatment to deplete PKC, and mimicking of sIg-induced CREB phosphorylation and CRE-dependent gene expression by short-term PKC agonism. Phorbol Esters 95-108 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 130-133 7756615-4 1995 PKC was involved in the modulation of hippocampal glycine receptors, since the observed effect was more prominent when the phorbol ester PMA, an activator of PKC, was included in the patch pipette. Phorbol Esters 123-136 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-3 7756615-4 1995 PKC was involved in the modulation of hippocampal glycine receptors, since the observed effect was more prominent when the phorbol ester PMA, an activator of PKC, was included in the patch pipette. Phorbol Esters 123-136 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 158-161 7820693-3 1994 To evaluate this possibility, a phorbol ester, TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate), was used to activate a key enzyme, protein kinase C (PKC), of the PI pathway in ovariectomized (OVX) rats either primed or not primed with estrogen. Phorbol Esters 32-45 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 127-143 7820693-3 1994 To evaluate this possibility, a phorbol ester, TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate), was used to activate a key enzyme, protein kinase C (PKC), of the PI pathway in ovariectomized (OVX) rats either primed or not primed with estrogen. Phorbol Esters 32-45 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 145-148 8092261-5 1994 Both desensitization to U-46619 and loss of TxA2 binding sites could be attenuated by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors staurosporine, sphingosine, or H-7, and TxA2 receptor responsiveness was reduced in cells incubated with phorbol esters before stimulation with thromboxane agonists. Phorbol Esters 229-243 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 108-111 8974336-2 1994 Previous work, using primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells, showed that both exposure to alcohol and activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester PMA reduced the potency of the co-agonist, glycine, to enhance NMDA receptor function (measured as an increase in intracellular Ca2+), resulting in inhibition of the NMDA response at low glycine concentrations. Phorbol Esters 156-169 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 126-142 8039597-5 1994 Also, short-term incubation of ASMCs with the active phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, led to a reduction in peak [Ca2+]i response to all three agonists, whereas the inactive phorbol ester, 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, which does not activate PKC, had no such effect. Phorbol Esters 53-66 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 263-266 7508929-3 1994 With unilamellar vesicles (including 20 mol% brain phosphatidylserine), increased phosphatidylcholine unsaturation potentiated basal and phorbol ester stimulated PKC activity. Phorbol Esters 137-150 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 162-165 8974336-2 1994 Previous work, using primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule cells, showed that both exposure to alcohol and activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by the phorbol ester PMA reduced the potency of the co-agonist, glycine, to enhance NMDA receptor function (measured as an increase in intracellular Ca2+), resulting in inhibition of the NMDA response at low glycine concentrations. Phorbol Esters 156-169 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 144-147 8252418-0 1993 Protein kinase C isozymes that mediate enhancement of neurite outgrowth by ethanol and phorbol esters in PC12 cells. Phorbol Esters 87-101 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-16 8386449-0 1993 Phorbol ester-stimulated exocytosis in lacrimal gland: PKC might not be the sole effector. Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 55-58 8264963-2 1993 This putative new high-molecular weight isoform, which we are calling PKC (HMW), is increased in the membrane fraction either upon application of phorbol esters or with afferent synaptic stimulation of Schaffer collaterals in hippocampal slices. Phorbol Esters 146-160 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 70-73 8376357-4 1993 In rat adipocytes, CD also enhanced the translocation of protein kinase C (PKC)-beta to the plasma membrane during the action of phorbol esters, which alone had little or no effect on this specific PKC translocation. Phorbol Esters 129-143 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 75-78 8473900-6 1993 Phorbol ester binding localized PKC to intrinsic neuronal populations and their dendrites in the control and deprived bulbs. Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 32-35 8455026-10 1993 Moreover, phorbol ester-induced PKC down-regulation was not paralleled by a decrease in Ca(2+)-induced NA release from streptolysin-O-permeated synaptosomes. Phorbol Esters 10-23 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 32-35 1473556-5 1992 These results suggest that the increased sensitivity of SHR vessels to contraction by phorbol esters may be due, at least in part, to the greater sensitivity of PKC in these vessels to phorbol ester activation. Phorbol Esters 86-100 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 161-164 8436593-4 1993 Downregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by high doses of phorbol esters or selective PKC inhibitors prevented the induction of this mRNA by NGF, suggesting that NGF and TPA act through a common PKC-dependent pathway. Phorbol Esters 58-72 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 18-34 8436593-4 1993 Downregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by high doses of phorbol esters or selective PKC inhibitors prevented the induction of this mRNA by NGF, suggesting that NGF and TPA act through a common PKC-dependent pathway. Phorbol Esters 58-72 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 36-39 8388775-10 1993 This effect was abolished by the PKC inhibitor staurosporine (5 nM), by overnight (12-24 hours) exposure to 0.2 microM phorbol esters and by the perfusion with 10 microM ethylisopropylamiloride (EIPA), a Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor. Phorbol Esters 119-133 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 33-36 1445248-3 1992 Short-term preincubation of cells with the phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), blocked the increase in [Ca2+]i induced by TLC, but did not alter that mediated by vasopressin. Phorbol Esters 43-56 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 130-146 1445248-3 1992 Short-term preincubation of cells with the phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), blocked the increase in [Ca2+]i induced by TLC, but did not alter that mediated by vasopressin. Phorbol Esters 43-56 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 148-151 1473556-5 1992 These results suggest that the increased sensitivity of SHR vessels to contraction by phorbol esters may be due, at least in part, to the greater sensitivity of PKC in these vessels to phorbol ester activation. Phorbol Esters 86-99 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 161-164 1324771-4 1992 A non-PKC activating phorbol ester (PE), 4 alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate, produced no potentiation. Phorbol Esters 21-34 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 6-9 1511783-2 1992 To evaluate the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in this phenomenon, we studied the effect of down-regulating PKC by 12-h pretreatment with phorbol ester or by treatment with H-7, a protein kinase C inhibitor. Phorbol Esters 138-151 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 108-111 1324771-9 1992 The train-evoked LTP was depressed by the PKC inhibitor H-7 at a concentration which antagonized the PE-evoked potentiation. Phorbol Esters 101-103 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 42-45 1312452-2 1992 Activation of PKC by incubation for 4 h with the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) resulted in a comparable dose-dependent decrease in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 binding in the osteoblast-like cell lines UMR 106 and ROS 17/2.8, with a maximum inhibition at 100 nM and an IC50 at 5 nM PMA. Phorbol Esters 49-62 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 14-17 1547736-3 1992 Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, another phorbol ester that activates PKC, also exerted an inhibitory effect, while the inactive 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate failed to affect aldosterone production. Phorbol Esters 34-47 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 63-66 1928327-1 1991 The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relative roles of protein kinase C (PKC) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle through the use of PKC and calmodulin antagonists. Phorbol Esters 137-150 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 74-90 1741371-8 1992 Unlike alpha-, beta I-, beta II-, and gamma PKC, epsilon PKC was independent of Ca2+ but absolutely required phosphatidylserine and diacylglycerol for its activation; a tumor-promoting phorbol ester could replace diacylglycerol. Phorbol Esters 185-198 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 57-60 1729394-6 1992 This latter activity was relatively resistant to staurosporine inhibition and phorbol ester treatment, but it phosphorylated the exogenous PKC substrates, histone 1 and the epidermal growth factor receptor peptide KTRLRR. Phorbol Esters 78-91 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 139-142 1729394-8 1992 The ratio between these two populations was ontogenetically regulated and modulated by phorbol ester treatment, suggesting that different PKC populations may serve unique functions in the rat brain regulated by the lipid environment. Phorbol Esters 87-100 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 138-141 12106305-1 1992 Protein kinase C (PKC) is a Ca2+-dependent enzyme involved in synaptic transmission, which can be experimentally activated by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (TPA). Phorbol Esters 130-143 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-16 12106305-1 1992 Protein kinase C (PKC) is a Ca2+-dependent enzyme involved in synaptic transmission, which can be experimentally activated by the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (TPA). Phorbol Esters 130-143 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 18-21 1836769-3 1991 The kinase domain of this PKC can be released as a soluble form after limited proteolysis with calpain, whereas the regulatory domain which binds phorbol ester remains insoluble. Phorbol Esters 146-159 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 26-29 1928327-1 1991 The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relative roles of protein kinase C (PKC) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in phorbol ester-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle through the use of PKC and calmodulin antagonists. Phorbol Esters 137-150 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 92-95 1928327-6 1991 These results suggest that 1) the calmodulin antagonists inhibit the development of PMA-induced contraction, at least in part, through inhibition of PKC translocation; 2) the mechanisms of phorbol ester- and agonist-induced translocation of PKC are distinct; 3) the potencies and inhibitory mechanisms of these agents depend on whether the agents are added before or during the contraction; and 4) the selectivity of these agents, as evaluated in enzyme preparations, may not be consistent with their cellular actions. Phorbol Esters 189-202 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 149-152 1928327-6 1991 These results suggest that 1) the calmodulin antagonists inhibit the development of PMA-induced contraction, at least in part, through inhibition of PKC translocation; 2) the mechanisms of phorbol ester- and agonist-induced translocation of PKC are distinct; 3) the potencies and inhibitory mechanisms of these agents depend on whether the agents are added before or during the contraction; and 4) the selectivity of these agents, as evaluated in enzyme preparations, may not be consistent with their cellular actions. Phorbol Esters 189-202 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 241-244 1988078-0 1991 Reversible and phorbol ester-specific defect of protein kinase C translocation in hepatocytes isolated from phenobarbital-treated rats. Phorbol Esters 15-28 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 48-64 2072105-6 1991 Of the two active phorbol esters studied, only phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDbut) at a concentration of 1 microM caused the PKC immunoreactivity in rabbit retina bipolar cells to be "transported" from the perikarya towards the axonal terminal processes. Phorbol Esters 18-32 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 122-125 1645255-4 1991 UMR-106 cells treated with protein kinase C (PK-C) activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10(-6) M) for 6 h also induced desensitization manifested by a loss of rPTH-stimulated cAMP accumulation to 50% of that in the control cells. Phorbol Esters 62-75 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 27-43 1645255-4 1991 UMR-106 cells treated with protein kinase C (PK-C) activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10(-6) M) for 6 h also induced desensitization manifested by a loss of rPTH-stimulated cAMP accumulation to 50% of that in the control cells. Phorbol Esters 62-75 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 45-49 1988078-12 1991 These data demonstrate reversible inhibition of phorbol ester-induced PKC activation by the liver tumor promoter, PB, and suggest that PB alters a component of the PKC-signaling pathway other than the expression of PKC isozymes. Phorbol Esters 48-61 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 70-73 1851004-1 1991 Pretreatment of UMR-106 cells (rat osteoblast like osteosarcoma cell line) with the protein kinase C(PK-C) activating phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) results in a time dependent (1-12h) desensitization of PTH-stimulated cAMP production. Phorbol Esters 118-131 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 101-105 1988078-1 1991 Phorbol ester-induced translocation of the calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C (PKC), from soluble to particulate cell fractions was inhibited in primary cultures of hepatocytes isolated from rats chronically exposed to the liver tumor promoter phenobarbital (PB). Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 90-106 1988078-1 1991 Phorbol ester-induced translocation of the calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C (PKC), from soluble to particulate cell fractions was inhibited in primary cultures of hepatocytes isolated from rats chronically exposed to the liver tumor promoter phenobarbital (PB). Phorbol Esters 0-13 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 108-111 2261154-3 1990 Mean effective concentration (EC50) values for phorbol ester and synthetic diacylglycerol (direct activators of PKC) were similar in SHR and WKY, thus revealing similar intrinsic activity of PKC in both rat strains. Phorbol Esters 47-60 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 112-115 2333947-2 1990 Previously, PKC-activating phorbol esters were shown to increase the specific binding of 125I-ANG II in neuronal cultures. Phorbol Esters 27-41 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 12-15 2163316-7 1990 We exploited the observation that prolonged exposure to phorbol esters down-regulates PKC. Phorbol Esters 56-70 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 86-89 1976513-2 1990 The cells were treated with the phorbol ester TPA, which not only activates PKC but also causes down-regulation. Phorbol Esters 32-45 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 76-79 2333947-5 1990 The PKC antagonist H-7 dose dependently inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated increases in 125I-ANG II binding, whereas downregulation of PKC activity by chronic phorbol ester incubations of 24 and 48 h prevented TPA-stimulated increases in 125I-ANG II-specific binding. Phorbol Esters 183-196 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 4-7 2333947-5 1990 The PKC antagonist H-7 dose dependently inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated increases in 125I-ANG II binding, whereas downregulation of PKC activity by chronic phorbol ester incubations of 24 and 48 h prevented TPA-stimulated increases in 125I-ANG II-specific binding. Phorbol Esters 183-196 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 159-162 2109710-6 1990 The decrease in total PKC activity was accompanied by an increase in Ca2+, phosphatidylserine (PS), diacylglycerol (DG)-insensitive activity suggesting the release of a portion of the catalytic domain of PKC (M-kinase) by the phorbol ester treatment. Phorbol Esters 226-239 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 22-25 2109710-6 1990 The decrease in total PKC activity was accompanied by an increase in Ca2+, phosphatidylserine (PS), diacylglycerol (DG)-insensitive activity suggesting the release of a portion of the catalytic domain of PKC (M-kinase) by the phorbol ester treatment. Phorbol Esters 226-239 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 204-207 2293979-11 1990 However, the fact that aldosterone responses to AII are potentiated during TPA-induced PKC translocation to the membrane suggests that AII and phorbol esters do not share the same mechanism of action in the regulation of steroidogenesis. Phorbol Esters 143-157 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 87-90 2813854-6 1989 Administration of phorbol ester (PMA 10-100 nM, a PK-C activator) alone significantly provoked gastrin release, but markedly inhibited the BBS (1 nM) stimulated gastrin secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Phorbol Esters 18-31 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 50-54 2552043-4 1989 Direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters mimicked the ability of bradykinin to depolarize the neurons and to increase the rate of 45Ca uptake. Phorbol Esters 49-63 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 21-37 2552043-4 1989 Direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters mimicked the ability of bradykinin to depolarize the neurons and to increase the rate of 45Ca uptake. Phorbol Esters 49-63 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 39-42 2552043-5 1989 Down-regulation of PKC by prolonged treatment with phorbol esters and treatment of the cells with staurosporine, which inhibits PKC, blocked both bradykinin- and phorbol ester-induced 45Ca influx, and substantially reduced the proportion of cells that gave electrophysiological responses to either agent. Phorbol Esters 51-65 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 19-22 2552043-5 1989 Down-regulation of PKC by prolonged treatment with phorbol esters and treatment of the cells with staurosporine, which inhibits PKC, blocked both bradykinin- and phorbol ester-induced 45Ca influx, and substantially reduced the proportion of cells that gave electrophysiological responses to either agent. Phorbol Esters 51-64 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 19-22 2759232-3 1989 Moreover, we have shown for the first time that this kinase or a kinase that coeluted from the column with PKC could be activated by a phorbol ester, PMA, in a phospholipid-free system, i.e. in the absence of any cofactor of PKC. Phorbol Esters 135-148 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 107-110 2759232-3 1989 Moreover, we have shown for the first time that this kinase or a kinase that coeluted from the column with PKC could be activated by a phorbol ester, PMA, in a phospholipid-free system, i.e. in the absence of any cofactor of PKC. Phorbol Esters 135-148 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 225-228 2759232-4 1989 These findings emphasize the need for caution in the interpretation of experimental results obtained when using phorbol esters to probe for a role of PKC in many regulatory processes. Phorbol Esters 112-126 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 150-153 2564319-6 1989 Furthermore, the effects of DDT on the activity of partially purified pkC from V79 cells was measured, as was the interaction of DDT with the phorbol ester/DAG-binding site on the pkC enzyme. Phorbol Esters 142-155 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 180-183 2797218-1 1989 (1) The effect of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a specific activator of the protein kinase C (PrkC), on the function of junctional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) was examined on muscle fibres isolated from the M. flexor digitorum brevis of the rat. Phorbol Esters 22-35 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 126-130 2706741-4 1989 Chlordane (100 microM) stimulated mouse brain PKC activity in the 10(5) g supernatant to a maximum velocity equal to that obtained when the enzyme was maximally stimulated with the skin-tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Phorbol Esters 202-215 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 46-49 2747452-2 1989 Activating PKC with phorbol esters inhibits mAChR agonist-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and InsP production. Phorbol Esters 20-34 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 11-14 2747452-5 1989 Our data demonstrate that activation of PKC by phorbol esters causes a rapid down-regulation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Phorbol Esters 47-61 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 40-43 2917651-8 1989 PKC is the presumed site of action of the tumor-promoting phorbol esters. Phorbol Esters 58-72 protein kinase C, gamma Rattus norvegicus 0-3