PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 31632572-7 2019 In an in vitro assay, after treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), the THP-1 cells differentiated into M2 macrophages and induced COX2/MMP9-dependent invasiveness in GC cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 43-68 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 139-143 31506784-7 2019 The expression of COX-2 in a phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced cell model and mammary tumor tissues was examined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 29-60 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 18-23 31506784-7 2019 The expression of COX-2 in a phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced cell model and mammary tumor tissues was examined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 62-65 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 18-23 8473346-9 1993 Stimulation of the cells with tumor necrosis factor, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, lipopolysaccharide, or interleukin-1 increased mRNA levels for PHS II, and this change correlated well with increased prostacyclin biosynthesis. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 53-84 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 149-155 34436652-8 2021 In HT29 cells, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced COX-2 expression and increased CD44 and ICAM-1 levels were down-regulated by diclofenac. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 15-46 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-66 34436652-8 2021 In HT29 cells, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced COX-2 expression and increased CD44 and ICAM-1 levels were down-regulated by diclofenac. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 48-51 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 61-66 31632572-7 2019 In an in vitro assay, after treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), the THP-1 cells differentiated into M2 macrophages and induced COX2/MMP9-dependent invasiveness in GC cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 70-73 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 139-143 30545441-5 2018 Also, Tat-ATOX1 protein markedly inhibited LPS- and TPA-induced inflammatory responses by decreasing cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and further inhibited phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs; JNK, ERK and p38) and the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 52-55 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 101-118 30545441-5 2018 Also, Tat-ATOX1 protein markedly inhibited LPS- and TPA-induced inflammatory responses by decreasing cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and further inhibited phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs; JNK, ERK and p38) and the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 52-55 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 120-125 29371085-6 2018 MMPP inhibited PMA-induced membrane translocation of PKCdelta, phosphorylation of JNK, and nuclear translocation of AP-1, resulting in downregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and chemokine ligand 5 production. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 15-18 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 153-169 24747121-3 2014 Since the aberrant expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) links inflammation and cancer, the present study was aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which sulforaphane modulates COX-2 overexpression in human mammary epithelial (MCF-10A) cells stimulated with a prototypic tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 286-322 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-49 28108223-8 2017 Furthermore, morusin inhibited the TPA upregulation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), which may be regulated by AP-1 and NF-kappaB. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 35-38 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 55-71 28108223-8 2017 Furthermore, morusin inhibited the TPA upregulation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), which may be regulated by AP-1 and NF-kappaB. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 35-38 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 73-78 25960826-5 2015 PMA induces neutrophil degranulation with increased extracellular myeloperoxidase and catalase activities, nitric oxide production, expression of the inflammatory genes cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor kappabeta, interleukin 8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 6 production. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-3 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 169-258 24742714-3 2014 Pretreatment of cultured human breast epithelial (MCF10A) cells with genistein reduced COX-2 expression induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 115-151 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-92 24742714-3 2014 Pretreatment of cultured human breast epithelial (MCF10A) cells with genistein reduced COX-2 expression induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 153-156 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-92 24742714-10 2014 The above findings, taken together, suggest that genistein inhibits TPA-induced COX-2 expression in MCF10A cells by blocking ERK-mediated phosphorylation of p65 and its subsequent interaction with CBP and TBP. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 68-71 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 80-85 28634425-3 2017 Here, we triggered inflammation in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), an inducer of COX-2 and of MT1-MMP. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 66-97 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 119-124 28634425-3 2017 Here, we triggered inflammation in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), an inducer of COX-2 and of MT1-MMP. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 99-102 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 119-124 27075590-7 2016 17-AAG inhibited PMA-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression and protein level. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 17-20 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 29-45 27075590-7 2016 17-AAG inhibited PMA-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression and protein level. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 17-20 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-52 27035791-6 2016 Rev-AuNPs suppressed TPA-induced enzymatic activity and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 21-24 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 111-127 27035791-6 2016 Rev-AuNPs suppressed TPA-induced enzymatic activity and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 21-24 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 129-134 27035791-12 2016 Our findings revealed that the anti-invasive effects of Rev-AuNPs in response to TPA-stimulation were mediated by the suppression of MMP-9, COX-2, NF-kappaB, AP-1, PI3K/Akt and ERK and/or the activation of HO-1 signaling cascades. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 81-84 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 140-145 26430963-4 2015 The re-expression of COX-2 was observed after 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) treatment in both cell lines. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 46-82 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 21-26 26430963-4 2015 The re-expression of COX-2 was observed after 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) treatment in both cell lines. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 84-87 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 21-26 26430963-5 2015 Further investigation found that H3K36 dimethylation was significantly reduced near the COX-2 promoter because histone demethylase 2A (KDM2A) was recruited to the COX-2 promoter after TPA treatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 184-187 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-93 26430963-5 2015 Further investigation found that H3K36 dimethylation was significantly reduced near the COX-2 promoter because histone demethylase 2A (KDM2A) was recruited to the COX-2 promoter after TPA treatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 184-187 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 163-168 26430963-6 2015 In addition, the transcription factor c-Fos was found to be required to recruit KDM2A to the COX-2 promoter for reactivation of COX-2 in response to TPA treatment in both the H719 and H460 cell lines. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 149-152 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 93-98 26430963-6 2015 In addition, the transcription factor c-Fos was found to be required to recruit KDM2A to the COX-2 promoter for reactivation of COX-2 in response to TPA treatment in both the H719 and H460 cell lines. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 149-152 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 128-133 26430963-7 2015 Together, our data reveal a novel mechanism by which the carcinogen TPA activates COX-2 expression by regulating H3K36 dimethylation near the COX-2 promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 68-71 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 82-87 26430963-7 2015 Together, our data reveal a novel mechanism by which the carcinogen TPA activates COX-2 expression by regulating H3K36 dimethylation near the COX-2 promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 68-71 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 142-147 25854428-0 2015 Poly-gamma-glutamic acid induces apoptosis via reduction of COX-2 expression in TPA-induced HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 80-83 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 60-65 25637530-2 2015 COX-2 was successfully visualized in mice models with phorbol myristate ester (TPA)-induced inflammation or bearing xenografted human melanoma cells by 2-[4-(aminosulfonyl)phenyl]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-indole (C1). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 79-82 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-5 25637530-3 2015 COX-2 protein expression in both TPA-induced inflammatory sites and human melanoma xenografts was confirmed by immunoblotting. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 33-36 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-5 24747121-3 2014 Since the aberrant expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) links inflammation and cancer, the present study was aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which sulforaphane modulates COX-2 overexpression in human mammary epithelial (MCF-10A) cells stimulated with a prototypic tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 286-322 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 51-56 24747121-3 2014 Since the aberrant expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) links inflammation and cancer, the present study was aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which sulforaphane modulates COX-2 overexpression in human mammary epithelial (MCF-10A) cells stimulated with a prototypic tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 324-327 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-49 24747121-3 2014 Since the aberrant expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) links inflammation and cancer, the present study was aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which sulforaphane modulates COX-2 overexpression in human mammary epithelial (MCF-10A) cells stimulated with a prototypic tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 324-327 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 51-56 24747121-4 2014 Treatment of MCF-10A cells with sulforaphane significantly inhibited TPA-induced expression of COX-2 protein and its mRNA transcript. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 69-72 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 95-100 24747121-5 2014 Transient transfection of cells with deletion mutant constructs of COX-2 promoter revealed that the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in TPA-induced COX-2 expression in MCF-10A cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 175-178 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 67-72 24747121-5 2014 Transient transfection of cells with deletion mutant constructs of COX-2 promoter revealed that the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in TPA-induced COX-2 expression in MCF-10A cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 175-178 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 187-192 24747121-8 2014 Pharmacological inhibition of IKK or transient transfection of cells with dominant-negative mutant forms of this kinase abrogated TPA-induced NF-kappaB activation and COX-2 expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 130-133 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 167-172 24916153-11 2014 Stimulation of PKC directly with PMA provoked strong COX-2 expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 33-36 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-58 24859472-4 2014 The results revealed that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced increases in COX-2 and MMP-9 expression levels were reversed by proton beam irradiation in a dose-dependent manner. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 26-62 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 84-89 22919060-8 2012 The PKC activator, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), could mimic the induction of COX-2 and CREB1 phosphorylation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 19-50 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-92 24345644-3 2014 Since prior studies demonstrated cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is necessary for DMBA/TPA tumor induction, we hypothesized that COX-2 inhibition might prevent BRAFi-accelerated skin tumors. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 80-83 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 33-49 24345644-3 2014 Since prior studies demonstrated cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is necessary for DMBA/TPA tumor induction, we hypothesized that COX-2 inhibition might prevent BRAFi-accelerated skin tumors. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 80-83 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 51-56 24345644-3 2014 Since prior studies demonstrated cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is necessary for DMBA/TPA tumor induction, we hypothesized that COX-2 inhibition might prevent BRAFi-accelerated skin tumors. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 80-83 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 122-127 24065532-4 2013 Also, transcription of TPA-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which enhances breast cancer progression and metastasis via the increase of prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis, was downregulated by the PS in a dose-dependent manner. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 23-26 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 35-51 24065532-4 2013 Also, transcription of TPA-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which enhances breast cancer progression and metastasis via the increase of prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis, was downregulated by the PS in a dose-dependent manner. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 23-26 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-58 22351517-6 2013 TPA treatment also elevates levels of c-jun (AP-1 component), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), p50 (NF-kappaB component), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the skin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-3 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 62-78 22351517-6 2013 TPA treatment also elevates levels of c-jun (AP-1 component), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), p50 (NF-kappaB component), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the skin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-3 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 80-85 23408313-3 2013 Pretreatment with PG markedly inhibited the TPA-induced expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 44-47 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 77-93 22919060-8 2012 The PKC activator, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), could mimic the induction of COX-2 and CREB1 phosphorylation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 52-55 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-92 22919060-9 2012 The induction of COX-2 by PGF2alpha and PMA could be attenuated by the small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of CREB1 expression or overexpressing dominant-negative CREB1. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 40-43 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-22 22919060-10 2012 A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that the binding of CREB1 to the COX-2 promoter was increased by PGF2alpha and PMA in amnion fibroblasts. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 124-127 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-83 22096365-5 2011 Procarcinogenic signaling was induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and found to trigger the proinflammatory marker cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker GRP78 expression, whose inductions were potentiated when PMA was combined with 2-DG treatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 43-74 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 129-145 22330070-2 2012 T cell activation by T cell receptor (TCR) engagement or its pharmacological mimics, PMA plus ionomycin (PMA/Io), induces immunomodulatory FasL and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 85-88 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 148-164 22330070-2 2012 T cell activation by T cell receptor (TCR) engagement or its pharmacological mimics, PMA plus ionomycin (PMA/Io), induces immunomodulatory FasL and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 85-88 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 166-171 22330070-2 2012 T cell activation by T cell receptor (TCR) engagement or its pharmacological mimics, PMA plus ionomycin (PMA/Io), induces immunomodulatory FasL and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 105-108 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 148-164 22330070-2 2012 T cell activation by T cell receptor (TCR) engagement or its pharmacological mimics, PMA plus ionomycin (PMA/Io), induces immunomodulatory FasL and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 105-108 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 166-171 22938493-3 2012 In this study, we aimed to evaluate any positive correlation between COX-2 and ABCG2 gene expression using the COX-2 inducer 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in human breast cancer cell lines. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 125-161 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 69-74 22938493-3 2012 In this study, we aimed to evaluate any positive correlation between COX-2 and ABCG2 gene expression using the COX-2 inducer 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in human breast cancer cell lines. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 125-161 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 111-116 22938493-3 2012 In this study, we aimed to evaluate any positive correlation between COX-2 and ABCG2 gene expression using the COX-2 inducer 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in human breast cancer cell lines. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 163-166 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 69-74 22938493-3 2012 In this study, we aimed to evaluate any positive correlation between COX-2 and ABCG2 gene expression using the COX-2 inducer 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in human breast cancer cell lines. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 163-166 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 111-116 22938493-5 2012 A significant increase of COX-2 mRNA expression (up to 11-fold by 4 h) was induced by TPA in MDA-MB-231 cells, this induction effect being lower in MCF-7 cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 86-89 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 26-31 22938493-8 2012 In conclusion, based on the observed effects of TPA in MDA-Mb-231 cells, it is proposed that TPA up-regulates ABCG2 expression in the drug sensitive MCF-7 breast cancer cell line through COX-2 unrelated pathways. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 93-96 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 187-192 21907277-2 2011 First, we observed that treatment of Chang liver (CHL) cells with various COX-2 inducers increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production concomitant with GSH depletion, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) being the most effective treatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 172-203 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 74-79 21907277-2 2011 First, we observed that treatment of Chang liver (CHL) cells with various COX-2 inducers increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production concomitant with GSH depletion, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) being the most effective treatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 205-208 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 74-79 20422426-4 2011 METHODS: The cytotoxicity of COX-2 inducer (TPA, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate) and its inhibitor (celecoxib) was determined by an MTT assay. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 49-78 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 29-34 20669245-5 2011 Using a cell model for inflammatory response, we showed that TF-2 suppressed the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced COX-2 gene expression, and also down-regulated TNF-alpha, iNOS, ICAM-1, and NFkappaB. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 81-117 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 126-131 22096365-5 2011 Procarcinogenic signaling was induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and found to trigger the proinflammatory marker cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker GRP78 expression, whose inductions were potentiated when PMA was combined with 2-DG treatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 43-74 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 147-152 22096365-5 2011 Procarcinogenic signaling was induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and found to trigger the proinflammatory marker cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker GRP78 expression, whose inductions were potentiated when PMA was combined with 2-DG treatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 76-79 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 129-145 22096365-5 2011 Procarcinogenic signaling was induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and found to trigger the proinflammatory marker cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker GRP78 expression, whose inductions were potentiated when PMA was combined with 2-DG treatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 76-79 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 147-152 20606309-3 2010 In this study, the effect of curcumin and curcumin analogues on COX-2 expression induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) were investigated. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 92-123 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 64-69 20582552-4 2010 Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment for 5637 bladder cancer cells increased COX-2 expression, slightly induced Slug expression, and decreased E-cadherin expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-31 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-93 20582552-4 2010 Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment for 5637 bladder cancer cells increased COX-2 expression, slightly induced Slug expression, and decreased E-cadherin expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 33-36 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-93 20584749-8 2010 In support of this speculation, the reducing agent dithiothreitol abrogated the inhibitory effects of PIC on TPA-induced activation of NF-kappaB signaling and expression of COX-2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 109-112 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 173-178 20584749-10 2010 In conclusion, our results show that direct modification of IKKbeta by PIC, presumably at the cysteine 179 residue, blocks NF-kappaB activation signaling and COX-2 induction in TPA-treated MCF-10A cells and also migration and transformation of these cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 177-180 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 158-163 20584749-6 2010 PIC treatment suppressed the TPA-induced activation of NF-kappaB and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in MCF-10A cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 29-32 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 83-99 20584749-6 2010 PIC treatment suppressed the TPA-induced activation of NF-kappaB and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in MCF-10A cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 29-32 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 101-106 20606309-3 2010 In this study, the effect of curcumin and curcumin analogues on COX-2 expression induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) were investigated. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 125-128 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 64-69 20606309-4 2010 We found that a novel curcumin analogue (GL63) inhibited PMA-induced COX-2 mRNA and protein levels in H460 cells to a greater degree than curcumin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 57-60 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 69-74 20606309-7 2010 Taken together, our results provide evidence that the novel curcumin analogue can effectively inhibit PMA-induced COX-2 expression in H460 cells, a mechanism associated with COX-2 mRNA stability and post-transcriptional regulation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 102-105 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 114-119 20606309-7 2010 Taken together, our results provide evidence that the novel curcumin analogue can effectively inhibit PMA-induced COX-2 expression in H460 cells, a mechanism associated with COX-2 mRNA stability and post-transcriptional regulation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 102-105 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 174-179 19804834-2 2010 A dose- and time-dependent increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression with elevated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production was identified in TPA- but not in 4alpha-TPA (a respective inactive compound)-treated U87 cells TPA-induced migration/invasion was significantly blocked by adding the COX-2-specific inhibitor, NS398, through a reduction in PGE(2) production. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 151-154 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 39-55 19804834-2 2010 A dose- and time-dependent increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression with elevated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production was identified in TPA- but not in 4alpha-TPA (a respective inactive compound)-treated U87 cells TPA-induced migration/invasion was significantly blocked by adding the COX-2-specific inhibitor, NS398, through a reduction in PGE(2) production. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 151-154 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 57-62 19804834-2 2010 A dose- and time-dependent increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression with elevated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production was identified in TPA- but not in 4alpha-TPA (a respective inactive compound)-treated U87 cells TPA-induced migration/invasion was significantly blocked by adding the COX-2-specific inhibitor, NS398, through a reduction in PGE(2) production. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 151-154 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 300-305 19804834-2 2010 A dose- and time-dependent increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression with elevated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production was identified in TPA- but not in 4alpha-TPA (a respective inactive compound)-treated U87 cells TPA-induced migration/invasion was significantly blocked by adding the COX-2-specific inhibitor, NS398, through a reduction in PGE(2) production. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 174-177 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 39-55 19804834-2 2010 A dose- and time-dependent increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression with elevated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production was identified in TPA- but not in 4alpha-TPA (a respective inactive compound)-treated U87 cells TPA-induced migration/invasion was significantly blocked by adding the COX-2-specific inhibitor, NS398, through a reduction in PGE(2) production. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 174-177 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 57-62 19804834-3 2010 Data from the pharmacological studies using specific chemical inhibitors showed that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) was involved in TPA-induced migration/invasion, COX-2 protein expression, and MMP-9 activation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 188-191 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 220-225 19804834-4 2010 Stimulation of intracellular peroxide production by TPA was detected by a DCHF-DA assay, and the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) or tempol significantly inhibited TPA-induced migration/invasion and COX-2 protein expression accompanied by a decrease in peroxide production. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 170-173 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 205-210 18710248-4 2008 Anthocyanidins suppressed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNAs in TPA-stimulated HT-29 cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 103-106 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 26-42 19715751-0 2009 Silibinin prevents TPA-induced MMP-9 expression by down-regulation of COX-2 in human breast cancer cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 19-22 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 70-75 19715751-3 2009 AIMS OF THE STUDY: Herein we determined the co-relationship between MMP-9 and COX-2, as well as the effect of silibinin on 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced MMP-9 and COX-2 expression in the human breast cancer cells, MCF-7 and MDA-MB231. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 123-160 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 185-190 19715751-7 2009 RESULTS: The expression of MMP-9 and COX-2 in response to TPA was increased, whereas TPA-induced MMP-9 and COX-2 expression was decreased by silibinin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 58-61 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 37-42 19715751-7 2009 RESULTS: The expression of MMP-9 and COX-2 in response to TPA was increased, whereas TPA-induced MMP-9 and COX-2 expression was decreased by silibinin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 85-88 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 107-112 19715751-10 2009 In contrast, TPA-induced MMP-9 and COX-2 expression was decreased by UO126 (MEK 1/2 inhibitor). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 13-16 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 35-40 19715751-11 2009 CONCLUSION: Silibinin down-regulates TPA-induced MMP-9 expression through inhibition of COX-2 expression in breast cancer cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 37-40 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-93 19460777-3 2009 METHODS AND RESULTS: Human saphenous vein VSMC were exposed to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to induce endogenous cyclooxygenase-2-dependent prostaglandin generation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 63-94 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 122-138 19460777-3 2009 METHODS AND RESULTS: Human saphenous vein VSMC were exposed to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to induce endogenous cyclooxygenase-2-dependent prostaglandin generation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 96-99 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 122-138 19723105-0 2009 Effects of cotreatment of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and H2O2 on apoptotic regulation via AMP-activated protein kinase-cyclooxygenase-2 signals. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 26-62 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 129-145 19723105-4 2009 In HT-29 colon cancer cells, the regulation of COX-2 expression by treating with TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate), low-level H(2)O(2), high-level H(2)O(2), and finally the combinations of TPA and low H(2)O(2) or high H(2)O(2) was investigated. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 81-84 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-52 19723105-4 2009 In HT-29 colon cancer cells, the regulation of COX-2 expression by treating with TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate), low-level H(2)O(2), high-level H(2)O(2), and finally the combinations of TPA and low H(2)O(2) or high H(2)O(2) was investigated. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 86-122 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-52 19723105-4 2009 In HT-29 colon cancer cells, the regulation of COX-2 expression by treating with TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate), low-level H(2)O(2), high-level H(2)O(2), and finally the combinations of TPA and low H(2)O(2) or high H(2)O(2) was investigated. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 198-201 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-52 19723105-5 2009 We found that COX-2 expression levels with treatment reacted as follows: with TPA alone > TPA and low H(2)O(2) > low H(2)O(2) > high H(2)O(2) > TPA and high H(2)O(2). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 78-81 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 14-19 19723105-5 2009 We found that COX-2 expression levels with treatment reacted as follows: with TPA alone > TPA and low H(2)O(2) > low H(2)O(2) > high H(2)O(2) > TPA and high H(2)O(2). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 93-96 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 14-19 19723105-5 2009 We found that COX-2 expression levels with treatment reacted as follows: with TPA alone > TPA and low H(2)O(2) > low H(2)O(2) > high H(2)O(2) > TPA and high H(2)O(2). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 93-96 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 14-19 19723105-8 2009 The present findings suggest that both COX-2 stimulators (TPA and H(2)O(2)) might have differential effects on COX-2 and AMPK regulation and further apoptotic regulation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 58-61 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 39-44 19723105-8 2009 The present findings suggest that both COX-2 stimulators (TPA and H(2)O(2)) might have differential effects on COX-2 and AMPK regulation and further apoptotic regulation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 58-61 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 111-116 20155627-7 2009 Likewise, TPA-induced expression of COX-2 was abrogated by piceatannol pretreatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 10-13 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 36-41 20046424-8 2009 Treatment of cancer cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate increased the expressions of COX-2 and Snail, decreased 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase expression, and increased the cells" motility. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 31-62 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 92-97 19776509-3 2009 The PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated PGE(2) release and COX-2 mRNA expression, as shown in human gingival fibroblasts stimulated by IL-1beta. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 18-49 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-91 19776509-3 2009 The PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated PGE(2) release and COX-2 mRNA expression, as shown in human gingival fibroblasts stimulated by IL-1beta. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 51-54 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-91 18843292-10 2009 Coculture with PMA-treated THP-1 macrophages induced COX-2-dependent release of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and subsequent increased invasion of BCC cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 15-18 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-58 18936204-5 2008 Here, we report that in colon cancer HT-29 cells, RA (5, 10, and 20 micromol/L) reduced the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced COX-2 promoter activity (P < 0.05) and protein levels (P < 0.05). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 92-128 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 143-148 18936204-5 2008 Here, we report that in colon cancer HT-29 cells, RA (5, 10, and 20 micromol/L) reduced the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced COX-2 promoter activity (P < 0.05) and protein levels (P < 0.05). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 130-133 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 143-148 18496814-5 2008 In this study, the effect of wogonin on phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced COX-2 expression was investigated. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 40-71 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-91 18496814-5 2008 In this study, the effect of wogonin on phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced COX-2 expression was investigated. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 73-76 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-91 18496814-6 2008 It showed that wogonin inhibited PMA-induced COX-2 protein and mRNA levels in human lung epithelial cancer cells, and the mechanism of this inhibition was at the transcriptional level by using COX-2 gene promoter assay. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 33-36 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 45-50 18496814-6 2008 It showed that wogonin inhibited PMA-induced COX-2 protein and mRNA levels in human lung epithelial cancer cells, and the mechanism of this inhibition was at the transcriptional level by using COX-2 gene promoter assay. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 33-36 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 193-198 18496814-7 2008 Among various signal inhibitors, the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor U0126 also inhibited PMA-induced COX-2 expression and COX-2 promoter activation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 121-124 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 133-138 18496814-7 2008 Among various signal inhibitors, the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor U0126 also inhibited PMA-induced COX-2 expression and COX-2 promoter activation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 121-124 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 154-159 18070609-2 2008 Here, it is shown that the proinflammatory mediator lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhibits the induction of Prx I expression and promoter activity by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol- 13-acetate (TPA) in RAW264.7 monocytes, but not that of cyclooxygenase-2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 163-200 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 246-262 17767925-9 2008 Treatment of cells with the NF-kappaB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate resulted in significant suppression of TPA-induced COX-2 expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 115-118 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 127-132 17767925-11 2008 PD98059 (ERK inhibitor) and SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) down-regulated the COX-2 expression induced by TPA. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 105-108 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 77-82 17767925-12 2008 Furthermore, TPA-induced COX-2 induction as well as NF-kappaB activation was blocked in MCF10A cells transfected with dominant negative mutant ERK1/2 or p38 MAPK. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 13-16 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 25-30 17767925-13 2008 These results suggest that both p38 and ERK MAPKs activates NF-kappaB signaling, which in turn induces COX-2 expression in TPA-stimulated human mammary epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 123-126 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 103-108 17944529-4 2007 Here we report that 3,3",4",5,5",7-hexahydroxyflavone (myricetin), one of the major flavonols in red wine, inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (phorbol ester)-induced COX-2 expression in JB6 P+ mouse epidermal (JB6 P+) cells by suppressing activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 116-152 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 177-182 18090122-3 2007 Sulforaphane reduced proliferation in MCF-7 cells and inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 expression in M13SV1 cells treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 121-157 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 64-80 18090122-3 2007 Sulforaphane reduced proliferation in MCF-7 cells and inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 expression in M13SV1 cells treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 159-162 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 64-80 16966442-7 2006 Levels of COX-2 protein in CMT12 decreased in a time-dependent manner with serum starvation, and PMA stimulation induced a strong time-dependent increase in COX-2 protein. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 97-100 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 157-162 17481552-4 2007 In this review, we provide evidence for reduced COX-2 transcriptional expression in response to phorbol esters (PMA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 112-115 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 48-53 17404058-2 2007 This article investigated the effects of jaceosidin (4",5,7-trihydroxy-3",6-dimethoxyflavone) isolated from Artemisia argyi on the upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 induced by the tumor promotor 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells (MCF10A cells). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 193-229 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 147-152 17404058-2 2007 This article investigated the effects of jaceosidin (4",5,7-trihydroxy-3",6-dimethoxyflavone) isolated from Artemisia argyi on the upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 induced by the tumor promotor 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells (MCF10A cells). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 231-234 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 147-152 17404058-3 2007 Treatment of MCF10A cells with TPA induced the upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9, and this was attenuated by jaceosidin treatment. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 31-34 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-68 17404058-5 2007 Furthermore, jaceosidin blocked the TPA-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase-1 and -2 (ERK-1 and -2), which is one of the signaling molecules regulating COX-2 and MMP. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 36-39 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 189-194 17404058-6 2007 These results suggest that jaceosidin inhibits the TPA-induced upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 by blocking ERK-1 and -2 phosphorylation in human breast epithelial cells, which may be indicative of its chemopreventive potential. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 51-54 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 79-84 17404064-5 2007 This article investigated the effect of peonidin on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced COX-2 expression and transformation in JB6 P(+) mouse epidermal cells (JB6 P(+) cells). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 52-88 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 103-108 17404064-5 2007 This article investigated the effect of peonidin on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced COX-2 expression and transformation in JB6 P(+) mouse epidermal cells (JB6 P(+) cells). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 90-93 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 103-108 17404064-6 2007 Treatment of JB6 P(+) cells with peonidin inhibited TPA-induced COX-2 expression, and also decreased TPA-induced neoplastic transformation and blocked TPA-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) in the cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 52-55 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 64-69 17404068-6 2007 In this study, we found that KG-135 inhibited COX-2 expression in MCF-10A cells stimulated with a prototype tumor promotor 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 123-159 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 46-51 17404068-9 2007 In addition, KG-135 inhibited TPA-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) that regulates COX-2 expression in MCF-10A cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 30-33 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 107-112 17404068-10 2007 The JNK inhibitor SP600125 attenuated COX-2 expression in TPA-treated MCF-10A cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 58-61 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 38-43 17404068-11 2007 Taken together, the above findings suggest that KG-135 inhibits TPA-induced COX-2 expression in MCF-10A cells by blocking the JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 64-67 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 76-81 17047069-6 2006 In HT-29 colon cancer cells, carcinogenic agent 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) that led to COX-2 expression and selenium blocked the TPA-induced ERK and COX-2 activation via AMPK. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 48-84 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 157-162 17047069-6 2006 In HT-29 colon cancer cells, carcinogenic agent 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) that led to COX-2 expression and selenium blocked the TPA-induced ERK and COX-2 activation via AMPK. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 86-89 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 157-162 17047069-6 2006 In HT-29 colon cancer cells, carcinogenic agent 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) that led to COX-2 expression and selenium blocked the TPA-induced ERK and COX-2 activation via AMPK. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 86-89 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 219-224 17556653-3 2007 METHODS AND RESULTS: The effect of IFNgamma on COX-2 expression was evaluated in several types of human cells stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), interleukin (IL)-1beta, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 126-157 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-52 17556653-3 2007 METHODS AND RESULTS: The effect of IFNgamma on COX-2 expression was evaluated in several types of human cells stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), interleukin (IL)-1beta, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 159-162 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 47-52 17062574-3 2006 Overexpression of DSCR1.4 significantly attenuated the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) via a calcineurin-independent mechanism. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 107-138 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 68-84 17062574-3 2006 Overexpression of DSCR1.4 significantly attenuated the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) via a calcineurin-independent mechanism. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 107-138 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-91 17062574-3 2006 Overexpression of DSCR1.4 significantly attenuated the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) via a calcineurin-independent mechanism. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 140-143 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 68-84 17062574-3 2006 Overexpression of DSCR1.4 significantly attenuated the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) via a calcineurin-independent mechanism. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 140-143 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-91 16632868-3 2006 Interleukin (IL) 1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or phorbol ester [phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)] induced the expression of COX-2, as revealed by western blot analysis. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 82-113 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 147-152 16632868-3 2006 Interleukin (IL) 1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or phorbol ester [phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)] induced the expression of COX-2, as revealed by western blot analysis. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 115-118 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 147-152 16889690-4 2006 Genistein significantly inhibited 12-Otetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 activity and protein expression at the concentrations of 10 (p < 0.05), 25 (p < 0.05) and 50 mM (p < 0.01). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 34-69 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 84-100 16889690-4 2006 Genistein significantly inhibited 12-Otetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 activity and protein expression at the concentrations of 10 (p < 0.05), 25 (p < 0.05) and 50 mM (p < 0.01). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 71-74 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 84-100 16356124-2 2005 In the present study, we investigated the possible inhibitory effects of curcumin on the expression of COX-2 and MMP-9 induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) in MCF10A human breast epithelial (MCF10A) cells and the underlying mechanisms. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 149-185 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 103-108 16870006-0 2006 Soya isoflavones suppress phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced COX-2 expression in MCF-7 cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 26-57 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 66-71 16870006-4 2006 Genistein, daidzein and equol were found to inhibit COX-2 expression induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 80-111 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-57 16870006-4 2006 Genistein, daidzein and equol were found to inhibit COX-2 expression induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 113-116 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-57 16618699-5 2006 Pretreatment of JB6 cells with C3G inhibited UVB- and TPA-induced transactivation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 54-57 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 122-170 16728574-14 2006 However, as both COX-2 and VEGF-C were induced by the tumour promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), the same factors may control them both. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 70-101 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-22 16622456-6 2006 In this study, we detected sequences directed against COX-2 mRNA, that potently downregulate COX-2 gene expression and inhibit phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced angiogenesis in vitro in a specific, nontoxic manner. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 127-158 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 54-59 16622456-6 2006 In this study, we detected sequences directed against COX-2 mRNA, that potently downregulate COX-2 gene expression and inhibit phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced angiogenesis in vitro in a specific, nontoxic manner. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 127-158 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 93-98 16728574-14 2006 However, as both COX-2 and VEGF-C were induced by the tumour promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), the same factors may control them both. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 103-106 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-22 16371352-3 2006 We have now shown that inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by LY294002 suppresses both basal and phorbol myristate acetate-induced COX-2 expression in TMK-1 and MKN-28 gastric cancer cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 105-130 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 139-144 16424122-5 2006 Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we found that the CLA mix reduced TPA-induced recruitment of nuclear proteins to a cAMP response element (CRE) in the COX-2 promoter and a consensus TPA-responsive element (TRE) in the collagenase-1 promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 79-82 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 163-168 16534736-0 2006 Inhibitory effects of ginsenoside-Rb1 on activation of the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced cyclooxygenase-2 promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 59-95 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 104-120 16534736-1 2006 We studied the inhibitory effects of ginsenoside-Rb1 (1) on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced transcriptional activation of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 60-96 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 145-161 16534736-1 2006 We studied the inhibitory effects of ginsenoside-Rb1 (1) on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced transcriptional activation of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 60-96 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 163-168 16534736-1 2006 We studied the inhibitory effects of ginsenoside-Rb1 (1) on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced transcriptional activation of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 98-101 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 145-161 16534736-3 2006 Ginsenoside-Rb1 at 100 microM inhibited TPA-induced transcriptional activation of the COX-2 promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 40-43 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 86-91 16534736-7 2006 In conclusion, ginsenoside-Rb1 inhibits TPA-induced COX-2 promoter activity through the nuclear factor interleukin-6 binding site and not through the nuclear factor-kappaB or cAMP-responsive elements. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 40-43 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-57 16380122-3 2006 sibirica, on the expression of COX-2 and MMP-9 induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 77-113 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 31-36 16380122-3 2006 sibirica, on the expression of COX-2 and MMP-9 induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 115-118 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 31-36 16380122-4 2006 Treatment of MCF10A cells with TPA led to the expression of COX-2 and MMP-9. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 31-34 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 60-65 16380122-5 2006 Hirsutenone at 12 microM inhibited the TPA-induced COX-2 expression at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 39-42 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 51-56 16380122-11 2006 Treatment of MCF10A cells with N-alpha-Tosyl-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone, a specific inhibitor of NF-kappaB, reduced the TPA-induced expression of COX-2 and MMP-9. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 129-132 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 155-160 16380122-12 2006 In summary, hirsutenone inhibits the TPA-induced upregulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 in human breast epithelial cells, possibly by targeting NF-kappaB, which may contribute to its chemopreventive effects. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 37-40 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-70 16356124-2 2005 In the present study, we investigated the possible inhibitory effects of curcumin on the expression of COX-2 and MMP-9 induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) in MCF10A human breast epithelial (MCF10A) cells and the underlying mechanisms. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 187-190 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 103-108 16356124-3 2005 Curcumin inhibited the TPA-induced COX-2 expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and reduced the synthesis of prostaglandin E(2), one of the major products of COX-2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 23-26 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 35-40 16356124-3 2005 Curcumin inhibited the TPA-induced COX-2 expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and reduced the synthesis of prostaglandin E(2), one of the major products of COX-2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 23-26 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 187-192 16356124-7 2005 Treatment of MCF10A cells with U0126, which is a pharmacological inhibitor of ERK1/2, reduced TPA-induced up-regulation of COX-2 and MMP-9. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 94-97 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 123-128 16356124-8 2005 Taken together, these findings suggest that curcumin inhibits the TPA-induced up-regulation of COX-2 and MMP-9 by suppressing ERK1/2 phosphorylation and NF-kappaB trans-activation in human breast epithelial cells, which may contribute to its chemopreventive potential. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 66-69 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 95-100 16044407-0 2005 Inhibition of TPA-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by apigenin through downregulation of Akt signal transduction in human keratinocytes. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 14-17 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 26-42 16044407-6 2005 The induction of COX-2 elicited by TPA correlated with increased activation of Akt kinase and cell treatment with the PI3 kinase inhibitor, LY294002, blocked TPA induction of COX-2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 158-161 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-22 16044407-6 2005 The induction of COX-2 elicited by TPA correlated with increased activation of Akt kinase and cell treatment with the PI3 kinase inhibitor, LY294002, blocked TPA induction of COX-2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 158-161 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 175-180 16044407-7 2005 In cells treated with TPA and apigenin, the inhibition of COX-2 expression correlated with inhibition of Akt kinase activation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 22-25 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 58-63 16044407-8 2005 Apigenin-mediated inhibition of TPA-induced COX-2 expression was reversed by transient transfection with constitutively active Akt (CA-Akt). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 32-35 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 44-49 16044407-9 2005 Chemical inhibitors of MEK (PD98059), p38 (SB202190), but not JNK (SP600125) blocked TPA induction of COX-2 although apigenin did not inhibit TPA-mediated COX-2 expression through these pathways. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 85-88 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 102-107 16044407-11 2005 These data show that apigenin inhibits TPA-mediated COX-2 expression by blocking signal transduction of Akt and that apigenin also blocks AA release, which may contribute to its chemopreventive activity. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 39-42 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-57 16044407-0 2005 Inhibition of TPA-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by apigenin through downregulation of Akt signal transduction in human keratinocytes. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 14-17 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 44-49 16044407-2 2005 These DMBA/TPA-induced squamous cell carcinomas overexpress cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 11-14 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 60-76 16044407-2 2005 These DMBA/TPA-induced squamous cell carcinomas overexpress cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 11-14 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-83 16044407-5 2005 In the present study, we have determined that apigenin inhibited the TPA-induced increase in COX-2 protein and mRNA in the human keratinocyte cell line; HaCaT. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 69-72 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 93-98 16044407-6 2005 The induction of COX-2 elicited by TPA correlated with increased activation of Akt kinase and cell treatment with the PI3 kinase inhibitor, LY294002, blocked TPA induction of COX-2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 35-38 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-22 15664395-8 2005 PMA-induced Cox-2 expression involves a small GTPase-dependent pathway acting via tyrosine kinase, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK1/2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-3 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-17 15843042-2 2005 In the present study, we found that 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induced cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), but not COX-1, protein expression in HL-60 cells, and the addition of arachidonic acid (AA) in the presence or absence of TPA significantly reduced the viability of HL-60 cells, an effect that was blocked by adding the COX inhibitors, NS398 and aspirin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 36-72 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-103 15843042-2 2005 In the present study, we found that 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induced cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), but not COX-1, protein expression in HL-60 cells, and the addition of arachidonic acid (AA) in the presence or absence of TPA significantly reduced the viability of HL-60 cells, an effect that was blocked by adding the COX inhibitors, NS398 and aspirin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 74-77 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-103 15567061-8 2005 Taken together, these results indicate that PMA might activate PKC to elicit activation of the Ras/Raf-1/ERK1/2 pathway, which in turn initiates NF-kappaB activation, and finally induces COX-2 expression and PGE2 release in A549 cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 44-47 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 187-192 15632146-7 2005 Furthermore, mutation or deletion of NFAT binding sites in the human COX-2 promoter greatly diminished its induction by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/calcium ionophore A23187. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 120-151 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 69-74 15567061-0 2005 Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate upregulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human pulmonary epithelial cells via Ras, Raf-1, ERK, and NF-kappaB, but not p38 MAPK, pathways. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-31 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 44-60 15567061-1 2005 In this study, we investigated the signaling pathway involved in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, in human pulmonary epithelial cells (A549). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 140-171 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 83-88 15567061-1 2005 In this study, we investigated the signaling pathway involved in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, in human pulmonary epithelial cells (A549). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 173-176 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-81 15567061-1 2005 In this study, we investigated the signaling pathway involved in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, in human pulmonary epithelial cells (A549). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 173-176 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 83-88 15567061-2 2005 PMA-induced COX-2 expression was attenuated by PKC inhibitors (Go 6976 and Ro 31-8220), a Ras inhibitor (manumycin A), a Raf-1 inhibitor (GW 5074), a MEK inhibitor (PD 098059), and an NF-kappaB inhibitor (PDTC), but not by a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (genistein) or a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB 203580). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-3 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 12-17 15516334-5 2005 The treatment of epidermal cells with the PPAR gamma-specific agonist ciglitazone or azPC augmented cyclooxygenase-2 expression and enzyme activity induced by phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate or interleukin-1 beta. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 159-190 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 100-116 15516334-6 2005 Lipid extracts from the cell homogenate of UVB-irradiated, but not control, cells contained a PPAR gamma-agonistic activity identified by reporter assay, and this activity up-regulated cyclooxygenase-2 expression induced by phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 224-255 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 185-201 14729583-3 2004 In the present work, we found that celecoxib inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced expression of COX-2 in female ICR mouse skin when applied topically 30 min prior to TPA as determined by both immunoblot and immunohistochemical analyses. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 55-91 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 120-125 14729583-3 2004 In the present work, we found that celecoxib inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced expression of COX-2 in female ICR mouse skin when applied topically 30 min prior to TPA as determined by both immunoblot and immunohistochemical analyses. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 93-96 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 120-125 14608118-4 2003 In the present study, we found that pretreatment of the green tea extract enriched with catechin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) by gavage inhibited COX-2 expression induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in mouse skin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 200-236 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 153-158 14729583-9 2004 Furthermore, SB203580 markedly inhibited COX-2 expression induced by TPA. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 69-72 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 41-46 14630807-5 2004 In contrast, p300 was detectable in nucleus and its binding to a COX-2 promoter probe was enhanced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), interleukin-1 beta(IL-1 beta), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 102-133 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-70 14630807-5 2004 In contrast, p300 was detectable in nucleus and its binding to a COX-2 promoter probe was enhanced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), interleukin-1 beta(IL-1 beta), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 135-138 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-70 14566822-6 2003 This increase of COX-2 expression by SNAP or PMA (potent inducer of both iNOS and COX-2) was blocked to various degrees by NO scavengers and NOS inhibitors (L-NAME and 1400W). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 45-48 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-22 14566822-6 2003 This increase of COX-2 expression by SNAP or PMA (potent inducer of both iNOS and COX-2) was blocked to various degrees by NO scavengers and NOS inhibitors (L-NAME and 1400W). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 45-48 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 82-87 14608118-4 2003 In the present study, we found that pretreatment of the green tea extract enriched with catechin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) by gavage inhibited COX-2 expression induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in mouse skin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 238-241 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 153-158 14608118-5 2003 Similarly, EGCG downregulated COX-2 in TPA-stimulated human mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A) in culture. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 39-42 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 30-35 12623129-9 2003 Iloprost-induced COX-2 protein expression and PGI(2) formation was synergistically elevated by co-stimulation with the phorbolester PMA (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 132-135 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-22 12707358-5 2003 The dominant-negative c-Src (KM) mutant inhibited induction of COX-2 promoter activity by TNF-alpha or TPA. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 103-106 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-68 12707358-10 2003 Substitution of these residues with phenylalanines attenuated COX-2 promoter activity and c-Src-dependent phosphorylation of IKKbeta induced by TNF-alpha or TPA. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 157-160 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 62-67 12623129-9 2003 Iloprost-induced COX-2 protein expression and PGI(2) formation was synergistically elevated by co-stimulation with the phorbolester PMA (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 137-168 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-22 12060668-5 2002 This factor, which was named cytoguardin, suppressed COX-2 protein levels induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in fibroblasts and LPS-induced COX-2 protein levels and promoter activities in human endothelial cells and murine RAW 264.7 cells in a comparable concentration-dependent manner. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 85-116 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-58 11432874-1 2001 Results from our previous study suggest that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) may be localized to caveolae-like structures (Liou, J.-Y., Shyue, S.-K., Tsai, M.-J., Chung, C.-L., Chu, K.-Y., and Wu, K. K. (2000) J. Biol. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 81-112 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 45-61 11980644-1 2002 Treatment with retinoic acid (RA) or carnosol, two structurally unrelated compounds with anticancer properties, inhibited phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in human mammary epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 137-140 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 204-220 11980644-1 2002 Treatment with retinoic acid (RA) or carnosol, two structurally unrelated compounds with anticancer properties, inhibited phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in human mammary epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 137-140 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 222-227 11980644-2 2002 The induction of COX-2 transcription by PMA was mediated by increased binding of AP-1 to the cyclic AMP response element (CRE) of the COX-2 promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 40-43 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 17-22 11980644-2 2002 The induction of COX-2 transcription by PMA was mediated by increased binding of AP-1 to the cyclic AMP response element (CRE) of the COX-2 promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 40-43 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 134-139 11980644-3 2002 Inhibition of the histone acetyltransferase activity of CREB- binding protein (CBP)/p300 blocked the induction of COX-2 by PMA. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 123-126 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 114-119 11980644-10 2002 Overexpressing c-Jun but not CBP/p300 reversed the suppressive effect of carnosol on PMA-mediated stimulation of COX-2 promoter activity. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 85-88 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 113-118 11836568-8 2002 At 40 microM, p-XSC suppressed phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced COX-2 expression in NCI-H460 cells by more than 66%. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 31-56 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 71-76 11836568-8 2002 At 40 microM, p-XSC suppressed phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced COX-2 expression in NCI-H460 cells by more than 66%. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 58-61 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 71-76 11432874-1 2001 Results from our previous study suggest that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) may be localized to caveolae-like structures (Liou, J.-Y., Shyue, S.-K., Tsai, M.-J., Chung, C.-L., Chu, K.-Y., and Wu, K. K. (2000) J. Biol. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 81-112 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-68 11432874-1 2001 Results from our previous study suggest that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) may be localized to caveolae-like structures (Liou, J.-Y., Shyue, S.-K., Tsai, M.-J., Chung, C.-L., Chu, K.-Y., and Wu, K. K. (2000) J. Biol. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 114-117 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 45-61 11432874-1 2001 Results from our previous study suggest that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) may be localized to caveolae-like structures (Liou, J.-Y., Shyue, S.-K., Tsai, M.-J., Chung, C.-L., Chu, K.-Y., and Wu, K. K. (2000) J. Biol. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 114-117 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-68 11278336-3 2001 Ligands of PPARgamma inhibited phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 and prostaglandin E(2) synthesis. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 46-77 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 106-111 11516798-8 2001 During the time course of COX-2 mRNA expression in response to treatment with TPA, the COX-2 mRNA band was detected after 1.5h. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 78-81 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 26-31 11516798-8 2001 During the time course of COX-2 mRNA expression in response to treatment with TPA, the COX-2 mRNA band was detected after 1.5h. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 78-81 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 87-92 11516798-10 2001 After pre-treatment with TPA for 1h, the TPA-induced COX-2 mRNA was suppressed by treatment with DEX for 1 or 2h incubation in a dose-dependent manner. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 25-28 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-58 11516798-10 2001 After pre-treatment with TPA for 1h, the TPA-induced COX-2 mRNA was suppressed by treatment with DEX for 1 or 2h incubation in a dose-dependent manner. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 41-44 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 53-58 11516798-11 2001 CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that COX-2 mRNA is induced by TPA which activate protein kinase C, and suppressed by DEX in WISH cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 65-68 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-45 11489969-6 2001 Cyclooxygenase-2 expression and PGE2 release was increased by TPA and TNF-alpha but not by HCMV infection. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 62-65 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 0-16 11278336-3 2001 Ligands of PPARgamma inhibited phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 and prostaglandin E(2) synthesis. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 79-82 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 106-111 11278336-5 2001 PMA-mediated induction of COX-2 promoter activity was inhibited by PPARgamma ligands; this suppressive effect was prevented by overexpressing a dominant negative form of PPARgamma or a PPAR response element decoy oligonucleotide. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-3 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 26-31 11278336-12 2001 Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, a compound that binds to PPARgamma but lacks the ability to activate transcription, also inhibited PMA-mediated induction of AP-1 activity and COX-2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 129-132 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 173-178 10788484-2 2000 Exposure of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) leads to the increase of prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS)-2 protein levels. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 72-103 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 135-168 11689104-6 2001 To complement the gene promoter studies, we determined the effects of a mixture of shikonins on phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 in transformed human mammary epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 96-127 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 156-161 11689104-6 2001 To complement the gene promoter studies, we determined the effects of a mixture of shikonins on phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 in transformed human mammary epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 129-132 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 156-161 11689104-8 2001 In transient transfections, PMA caused a severalfold increase in COX-2 promoter activity, an effect that was suppressed by shikonins. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 28-31 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-70 11226820-4 2001 The pharmacodynamic aspect, based on the ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in vitro, was determined by incubating human dermal fibroblasts in culture, pre-treated with phobol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) for 6 h, with 25 microM [(14)C]-arachidonic acid (AA) in the presence of several drug concentrations. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 210-213 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 60-76 11226820-4 2001 The pharmacodynamic aspect, based on the ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in vitro, was determined by incubating human dermal fibroblasts in culture, pre-treated with phobol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) for 6 h, with 25 microM [(14)C]-arachidonic acid (AA) in the presence of several drug concentrations. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 210-213 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 78-83 11192933-1 2000 We previously showed that primary cultures of mTAL cells express cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) when challenged with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 153-178 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-81 11192933-1 2000 We previously showed that primary cultures of mTAL cells express cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) when challenged with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 153-178 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 83-88 10946303-6 2000 The 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a PKC activator, also stimulated COX-2 expression, this effect being inhibited by genistein or herbimycin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 4-40 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 81-86 10946303-6 2000 The 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a PKC activator, also stimulated COX-2 expression, this effect being inhibited by genistein or herbimycin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 42-45 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 81-86 10946303-8 2000 TPA stimulated both NF-kappaB DNA-protein binding and COX-2 promoter activity, these effects being inhibited by genistein, herbimycin, or pyrolidine dithiocarbamate. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-3 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 54-59 11156939-2 2001 We used a serum-starved human foreskin fibroblast model to determine changes in COX-2 mRNA, protein, and promoter activity in response to stimulation with interleukin-1b (IL-1b) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) at G0, G1, S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 182-213 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 80-85 10788484-2 2000 Exposure of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) leads to the increase of prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS)-2 protein levels. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 105-108 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 135-168 10788484-8 2000 Furthermore, in HPMEC medium, PMA-induced PGHS-2 expression was accompanied by the generation of a transferable activity (TA) able to abolish platelet aggregation. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 30-33 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 42-48 10811116-1 2000 We investigated the effects of ursolic acid, a chemopreventive agent, on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-treated human mammary and oral epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 119-150 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 91-107 10811116-1 2000 We investigated the effects of ursolic acid, a chemopreventive agent, on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-treated human mammary and oral epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 119-150 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 109-114 10811116-1 2000 We investigated the effects of ursolic acid, a chemopreventive agent, on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-treated human mammary and oral epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 152-155 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 91-107 10811116-1 2000 We investigated the effects of ursolic acid, a chemopreventive agent, on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-treated human mammary and oral epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 152-155 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 109-114 10811116-2 2000 Treatment with ursolic acid suppressed PMA-mediated induction of COX-2 protein and synthesis of prostaglandin E2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 39-42 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 65-70 10841038-4 2000 When these cells were pretreated with aspirin to inactivate their PGHS-1 and then activated by serum and phorbol ester (TPA) for 6 h, the cells expressed PGHS-2 activity alone. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 120-123 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 154-160 10449199-5 1999 These results suggest that PGHS-2 overexpression induced by TPA could be induced by AA and/or AA metabolite release by leukocyte infiltrated during the inflammatory process. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 60-63 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 27-33 10336459-6 1999 Compounds usually associated with PGHS-2 induction, including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and serum transiently down-regulated PGHS-2 expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 92-123 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 34-40 10336459-6 1999 Compounds usually associated with PGHS-2 induction, including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and serum transiently down-regulated PGHS-2 expression. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 92-123 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 162-168 9022759-7 1997 These results indicated that cyclooxygenase-1 rather than cyclooxygenase-2 was predominantly induced depending on TPA. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 114-117 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 58-74 10190560-1 1999 We investigated whether curcumin, a chemopreventive agent, inhibited chenodeoxycholate (CD)- or phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in several gastrointestinal cell lines (SK-GT-4, SCC450, IEC-18 and HCA-7). Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 111-114 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 138-154 10190560-2 1999 Treatment with curcumin suppressed CD- and PMA-mediated induction of COX-2 protein and synthesis of prostaglandin E2. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 43-46 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 69-74 10190560-4 1999 Nuclear run-offs revealed increased rates of COX-2 transcription after treatment with CD or PMA and these effects were inhibited by curcumin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 92-95 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 45-50 9797107-10 1998 Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (30 nM) and IL-1beta (100 ng/mL) increased COX-2 promoter activity by 2.6-fold and 2.2-fold, respectively. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-31 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 75-80 10668496-2 1999 In this study, we investigated whether resveratrol, a chemopreventive agent found in grapes, could suppress phorbol ester (PMA)-mediated induction of COX-2 in human mammary and oral epithelial cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 123-126 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 150-155 10668496-5 1999 Nuclear runoffs revealed increased rates of COX-2 transcription after treatment with PMA, an effect that was inhibited by resveratrol. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 85-88 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 44-49 9661070-7 1998 Among other potential agonists, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was a potent inducer of PGHS-2 expression, while forskolin (FSK), serum, and prostaglandins had little effect. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 32-57 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-94 9661070-7 1998 Among other potential agonists, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was a potent inducer of PGHS-2 expression, while forskolin (FSK), serum, and prostaglandins had little effect. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 59-62 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 88-94 9661070-9 1998 Twenty-four hours of PMA pretreatment blocked the induction of PGHS-2 by PMA but not by IL-1, suggesting that IL-1 induction of PGHS-2 mRNA is not dependent on the protein kinase C pathway. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 21-24 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 63-69 9661070-9 1998 Twenty-four hours of PMA pretreatment blocked the induction of PGHS-2 by PMA but not by IL-1, suggesting that IL-1 induction of PGHS-2 mRNA is not dependent on the protein kinase C pathway. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 21-24 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 128-134 9215309-6 1997 In response to either 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or 8-bromo-cAMP, we observed an increase in PGHS-2 promoter activity but no change in activity of PGHS-1 promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 60-63 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 109-115 9215309-9 1997 Aspirin attenuated the stimulatory effect of TPA on PGHS-2 promoter. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 45-48 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 52-58 9215309-11 1997 The activity of PGHS-2 promoter is stimulated by either TPA or cAMP, and the stimulatory effect of TPA is attenuated by aspirin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 56-59 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 16-22 9215309-11 1997 The activity of PGHS-2 promoter is stimulated by either TPA or cAMP, and the stimulatory effect of TPA is attenuated by aspirin. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 99-102 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 16-22 8948503-8 1996 Phorbol-myristate acetate (PMA) induced PGHS-2 activity and mRNA and neither PMA-induced, nor constitutive PGHS-2 expression was suppressed by corticosteroids. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 0-25 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-46 8948503-8 1996 Phorbol-myristate acetate (PMA) induced PGHS-2 activity and mRNA and neither PMA-induced, nor constitutive PGHS-2 expression was suppressed by corticosteroids. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 27-30 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 40-46 8761968-2 1996 By Western blot analyses we have demonstrated that epidermal growth factor, interleukin 1 beta and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate all increase PGHS-2 amounts in amnion cells. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 99-130 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 144-150 7857975-6 1995 In contrast, extracts from cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells challenged with 20 nM phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) showed an increase in COX-2 immunoreactivity related both to the increase in enzyme activity and the variations observed by Western blot analysis. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 97-122 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 151-156 7857975-6 1995 In contrast, extracts from cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells challenged with 20 nM phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) showed an increase in COX-2 immunoreactivity related both to the increase in enzyme activity and the variations observed by Western blot analysis. Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate 124-127 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Homo sapiens 151-156