PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 11280988-4 2001 Co-planar PCB congeners are those having four or more chlorine atoms with only a few substitutions in the ortho positions, i.e. positions designated 2, 2", 6, and 6". Chlorine 54-62 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 10-13 11079247-10 2000 An analytical protocol, based on the variation of molecular ion fragmentation according to the degree (or absence) of chlorine ortho-substitution, has been proposed for distinguishing between toxic and nontoxic PCB congeners. Chlorine 118-126 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 211-214 10520484-5 1999 The reactivities of the chlorine atoms at various positions of PCB rings are generally in the order: ortho > meta > para. Chlorine 24-32 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 63-66 10618202-6 2000 Addition of 17 PCB congeners indicated that the culture specifically removes double flanked chlorines, preferably in the para position, and does not attack ortho chlorines. Chlorine 92-101 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 15-18 10377967-3 1999 Higher total solid concentrations in sewage sludge and higher concentrations of chlorine in PCB resulted in slower dechlorination rates. Chlorine 80-88 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 92-95 9572952-5 1998 Measured in terms of chlorine removal and decrease in the proportion of hexa- through nonachlorobiphenyls, the microbial PCB dechlorination primed by several brominated biphenyls was nearly twice as effective as that primed by chlorinated biphenyls. Chlorine 21-29 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 121-124 10022326-6 1998 Other experiments indicate that PCB congeners with chlorine substitutions at ortho- or low lateral substitutions are active in vitro, while non-ortho-substituted congeners are less active or inactive. Chlorine 51-59 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 32-35 9520341-2 1998 However, it is becoming increasingly clear that certain ortho-chlorine-substituted, non-coplanar PCB congeners having low affinity for the Ah receptor exhibit important biological activities. Chlorine 62-70 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 97-100 8841763-8 1996 PCB methyl sulfones with five and six chlorine atoms in the molecule were predominant among the PCB methyl sulfones Generally, the concentrations of 4-MeSO2-CBs were higher than the corresponding 3-MeSO2-CB compound. Chlorine 38-46 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 8841763-8 1996 PCB methyl sulfones with five and six chlorine atoms in the molecule were predominant among the PCB methyl sulfones Generally, the concentrations of 4-MeSO2-CBs were higher than the corresponding 3-MeSO2-CB compound. Chlorine 38-46 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 96-99 7757209-5 1995 The relative standard deviation of repeated injections for the lowest concentration level of 0.5 ng of PCB per injection ranged between 10.5 and 34.4% depending on the chlorine content of the individual analytes. Chlorine 168-176 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 103-106 8330325-5 1993 The highest competitive binding potency was observed for hydroxylated PCB congeners with the hydroxygroup substituted on meta or para positions and one or more chlorine atoms substituted adjacent to the hydroxy group on either or both aromatic rings (IC50 range 6.5-25 nM; Ka range: 0.78-3.95 x 10(8) M-1). Chlorine 160-168 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 70-73 1815353-3 1991 Environmental and technological properties and the calculated concentrations of PCB congeners were related to the number of chlorine atoms per molecule. Chlorine 124-132 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 80-83 1425510-5 1992 As expected, decreases in PCB congener concentrations were associated with chlorine substitution configurations known to be amenable to metabolism. Chlorine 75-83 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 26-29 15092492-2 1989 By contrast to the relatively rapid uptake and release of many other PCB isomers, the non-ortho chlorine substituted coplanar PCB congeners exhibited slow uptake and clearance. Chlorine 96-104 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 126-129 4125934-1 1973 Analysis of chlorine compounds: PCB, BHC, and others]. Chlorine 12-20 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 32-35 3110078-5 1987 To our knowledge this is the first report on the three toxic non-ortho chlorine substituted PCB residues detected in a higher mammal in the wilderness. Chlorine 71-79 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 92-95 3093216-5 1986 The higher the chlorine content of the PCB congener, the more significant the correlation. Chlorine 15-23 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 39-42 6802767-4 1982 The gc-ec pattern of these PCB peaks was, in most cases, characteristic of exposure to a PCB mixture with 54% chlorine. Chlorine 110-118 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 27-30 6802767-4 1982 The gc-ec pattern of these PCB peaks was, in most cases, characteristic of exposure to a PCB mixture with 54% chlorine. Chlorine 110-118 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 89-92 806964-2 1975 Several low chlorine PCB compounds can be degraded easily with these cultures and, in favourable circumstances, some compounds containing up to six chlorine atoms per molecule can be degraded. Chlorine 12-20 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 21-24 4125935-0 1973 [Organic chlorine poisoning: BHC and PCB]. Chlorine 9-17 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 37-40 30015423-8 2018 Moreover, in all analyzed sediments, the medium-chlorine PCB congeners were more abundant than the low-chlorine and high-chlorine counterparts. Chlorine 48-56 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 57-60 32619684-4 2020 A significant (p < 0.01) negative correlation between the variation in chlorine per biphenyl (CPB) and Log the abundance of Dehalococcoides/total molar concentration of PCBs (Log Dhc/TPCB) along the cores suggested that different degrees of PCB degradation occurred and that Dehalococcoides likely participated in PCB degradation in these sediments. Chlorine 71-79 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 169-172 32619684-4 2020 A significant (p < 0.01) negative correlation between the variation in chlorine per biphenyl (CPB) and Log the abundance of Dehalococcoides/total molar concentration of PCBs (Log Dhc/TPCB) along the cores suggested that different degrees of PCB degradation occurred and that Dehalococcoides likely participated in PCB degradation in these sediments. Chlorine 71-79 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 184-187 27290669-10 2016 The sampling indicated that PCB homologues with 3 or 4 chlorines were dominant. Chlorine 55-64 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 28-31 26347929-5 2016 When the number of chlorine atoms is not more than 7, the steric effect supports the formation of predominant PCB isomers having chlorines at four ortho-positions. Chlorine 19-27 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 110-113 26347929-5 2016 When the number of chlorine atoms is not more than 7, the steric effect supports the formation of predominant PCB isomers having chlorines at four ortho-positions. Chlorine 129-138 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 110-113 25087495-5 2015 Congener specificity in the dechlorination pathway resulted from the preferential retention of ortho-chlorine, which restricted the formation of environmentally toxic coplanar PCB congeners. Chlorine 101-109 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 176-179 24755635-5 2014 Age did not significantly affect total PCB concentrations; however, the proportion of PCB congeners with different numbers of chlorine atoms was significantly affected by age, especially in the outer blubber. Chlorine 126-134 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 86-89 25338394-3 2014 In this study, vitamin B12 (VB12) and chlorine-free culture medium were applied to study the effects of VB12 on the degradation of 2,4,4"-trichlorobiphenyl (PCB28) by Nostoc PD-2 and the gene expression during the PCB-degradation process. Chlorine 38-46 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 157-160 23336137-10 2013 It is suggested that the metabolic profiles of PCBs are related to their chlorine substitution patterns, which may have implications for the toxicity of PCB exposure. Chlorine 73-81 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 47-50 24325314-7 2013 The strongest associations were seen for PCB congeners with three, four, or at least eight substituted chlorines. Chlorine 103-112 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 41-44 23712120-10 2013 This work shows that future investigations to date PCB exposure would benefit from the analysis of a wide range of congeners, including the selection of key congeners based not only on the degree of chlorination but also on the positions of the chlorine atoms on the biphenyl. Chlorine 245-253 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 51-54 22917060-2 2012 Of 209 possible PCB congeners, with varying number and position of chlorine atom(s), 19 are chiral. Chlorine 67-75 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 16-19 22257259-4 2012 The dihedral angles between the two ring systems increased in the presence of ortho chlorine substituents and were smaller compared to the corresponding PCB quinones. Chlorine 84-92 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 153-156 21362590-5 2011 We found the strongest associations for those PCB congeners that had multiple ortho chlorines. Chlorine 84-93 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 46-49 22004731-5 2011 Furthermore, the partition of PCB congeners with chlorine at the 2-, 3-, 4"-, and 5-positions or the 2-, 4-, 4"-, and 5-positions of the biphenyl ring from the blood to the breast milk tended to occur at a higher level than that of other congeners. Chlorine 49-57 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 30-33 19261331-3 2010 We report herein improved syntheses of PCB congeners (and their metabolites) containing two or more ortho-chlorine substituents. Chlorine 106-114 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 39-42 19261331-5 2010 Symmetrically substituted PCB congeners with multiple ortho chlorine substituents were obtained in 20-52% yields using a modified Ullmann coupling reaction. Chlorine 60-68 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 26-29 19272150-4 2009 RESULTS: The most abundant and characteristic fragment ions of PCB TCE sulfate diesters were formed by releasing CHCCl3, SO3, HCl2 and/or CCl3 from the TCE sulfate moiety and Cl2, HCl, ethyne and chloroethyne from an intermediate phenylcyclopentadienyl cation. Chlorine 127-130 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 63-66 19698960-8 2009 Slopes increased with increasing PCB chlorination levels between chlorine numbers 1-6; slopes decreased at higher chlorination levels. Chlorine 65-73 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 33-36 17937967-7 2008 Overall, delta(37)Cl of PCB congeners decreased by -0.26 per thousand for each additional chlorine atom. Chlorine 90-98 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 24-27 19091375-5 2009 Slopes for the linear relation of chlorobenzenes and PCB logK(oc) values with the number of chlorines were similar for the various soils and sediments, though intercepts were different. Chlorine 92-101 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 53-56 19091375-6 2009 The ortho-chlorine correction factor for PCB logK(oc) was equal to the ortho-chlorine correction factor for PCB logK(ow) and logS(l). Chlorine 10-18 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 41-44 19091375-7 2009 For PCDDs and PCDFs, a relation between logK(oc) and the number of chlorine atoms was derived by combining the chlorobenzenes/PCB logK(oc)-logK(ow) and logK(oc)-logS(l) relationships with logK(ow) (or S(l))-chlorine number relations for PCDDs and PCDFs. Chlorine 67-75 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 126-129 19245036-0 2009 Reactivity of substituted chlorines and ensuing dechlorination pathways of select PCB congeners with Pd/Mg bimetallics. Chlorine 26-35 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 82-85 18297863-5 2007 PCB concentration decreased mainly due to the degradation of congeners with one to three chlorine atoms. Chlorine 89-97 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 15949837-8 2006 The chlorine removal was 85% for the catalytic HDCl of 2,3-PCB whereas non-catalytic process led only to 16% of dechlorination in the same operating conditions, i.e. at 290 degrees C after 120 min. Chlorine 4-12 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 59-62 17475378-4 2007 One mode of action that has been shown for di-ortho-substituted non-coplanar PCBs (PCB congeners with two or more chlorines in the ortho-positions) is the interference with intracellular signaling pathways dependent on Ca(2+) homeostasis and the resulting cellular, organ-level and organismal effects. Chlorine 114-123 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 77-80 17256505-5 2006 PCBs clustered into seven groups, five of which contained a single "dioxin like" PCB, one contained lighter congeners (2-4 chlorines), and one contained heavy congeners (5-10 chlorines). Chlorine 123-132 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 25838614-7 2006 The first step in PCB degradation is the removal of the chlorine atoms and then the breaking open of the phenyl ring leading to the final degradation product: CO2. Chlorine 56-64 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 18-21 16929648-2 2006 Dechlorination rates were found to be affected by the chlorine level of PCB congeners; dechlorination rates decreased as chlorine levels increased. Chlorine 54-62 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 72-75 16929648-2 2006 Dechlorination rates were found to be affected by the chlorine level of PCB congeners; dechlorination rates decreased as chlorine levels increased. Chlorine 121-129 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 72-75 16475315-3 2005 The PCB profile was dominated by lower-chlorinated PCB congeners; in fact >78% of the total PCB content was due to congeners with 1-4 chlorine atoms and only about 10% with 5-7 chlorines, whereas higher-chlorinated PCB congeners were below detection limits. Chlorine 137-145 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 4-7 16475315-3 2005 The PCB profile was dominated by lower-chlorinated PCB congeners; in fact >78% of the total PCB content was due to congeners with 1-4 chlorine atoms and only about 10% with 5-7 chlorines, whereas higher-chlorinated PCB congeners were below detection limits. Chlorine 137-145 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 51-54 16475315-3 2005 The PCB profile was dominated by lower-chlorinated PCB congeners; in fact >78% of the total PCB content was due to congeners with 1-4 chlorine atoms and only about 10% with 5-7 chlorines, whereas higher-chlorinated PCB congeners were below detection limits. Chlorine 137-145 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 51-54 16475315-3 2005 The PCB profile was dominated by lower-chlorinated PCB congeners; in fact >78% of the total PCB content was due to congeners with 1-4 chlorine atoms and only about 10% with 5-7 chlorines, whereas higher-chlorinated PCB congeners were below detection limits. Chlorine 137-145 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 51-54 16475315-3 2005 The PCB profile was dominated by lower-chlorinated PCB congeners; in fact >78% of the total PCB content was due to congeners with 1-4 chlorine atoms and only about 10% with 5-7 chlorines, whereas higher-chlorinated PCB congeners were below detection limits. Chlorine 180-189 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 4-7 16475315-3 2005 The PCB profile was dominated by lower-chlorinated PCB congeners; in fact >78% of the total PCB content was due to congeners with 1-4 chlorine atoms and only about 10% with 5-7 chlorines, whereas higher-chlorinated PCB congeners were below detection limits. Chlorine 180-189 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 51-54 16475315-3 2005 The PCB profile was dominated by lower-chlorinated PCB congeners; in fact >78% of the total PCB content was due to congeners with 1-4 chlorine atoms and only about 10% with 5-7 chlorines, whereas higher-chlorinated PCB congeners were below detection limits. Chlorine 180-189 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 51-54 16475315-3 2005 The PCB profile was dominated by lower-chlorinated PCB congeners; in fact >78% of the total PCB content was due to congeners with 1-4 chlorine atoms and only about 10% with 5-7 chlorines, whereas higher-chlorinated PCB congeners were below detection limits. Chlorine 180-189 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 51-54 16190246-5 2005 The preferred substrates for Process LP were PCB congeners in which the target para chlorines were flanked by meta chlorines, such as those having 3,4- and 2,4,5-chlorophenyl rings. Chlorine 84-93 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 45-48 16257317-6 2005 The adsorption strength of PCDD/DF isomers is probably greater than that of co-planar polychlorinated biphenyls (co-PCB) isomers when the number of chlorine substituents is identical. Chlorine 148-156 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 116-119 16190246-5 2005 The preferred substrates for Process LP were PCB congeners in which the target para chlorines were flanked by meta chlorines, such as those having 3,4- and 2,4,5-chlorophenyl rings. Chlorine 115-124 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 45-48 15984801-6 2005 Analogous PCB preparations with similar chlorine content, but different geographical origin, had different delta13C values. Chlorine 40-48 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 10-13 15984801-8 2005 PCB mixtures showed increased 13C depletion with increasing chlorine content. Chlorine 60-68 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 12798172-2 2003 The three most abundant ions were used in determining compounds with at least five chlorine atoms in the PCB molecule. Chlorine 83-91 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 105-108 14720486-0 2004 Invariant chlorine isotopic signatures during microbial PCB reductive dechlorination. Chlorine 10-18 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 56-59 14971471-3 2004 The PCB distributions indicated that PCB congeners with more chlorine are more easily accumulated in roes of loaches. Chlorine 61-69 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 37-40 12798172-8 2003 The mean proportion of the low chlorinated PCB compounds (with four or less chlorine atoms) was 20% for workers in the disposal plant and 14% for the controls. Chlorine 76-84 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 43-46 12680661-11 2003 The chlorine substitution pattern on the biphenyl ring appears to influence whether reductive dechlorination of chiral PCB congeners is enantioselective. Chlorine 4-12 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 119-122 12927115-4 2003 T, E(LUMO) (the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), molecular size or average molecular polarizability (alpha), and the net atomic charges on chlorine, hydrogen and carbon atoms of PCB molecules, are major factors governing logK(OA). Chlorine 158-166 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 197-200 12927115-6 2003 Because of intermolecular dispersive forces, the more chlorine atoms in PCB molecules, the greater the molecular size or alpha, the greater the logK(OA). Chlorine 54-62 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 72-75 12927115-8 2003 PCB molecules with low q(C)(-) values and more chlorines (big size or alpha) tend to have strong temperature dependence, due to intermolecular electrostatic interactions and dispersive forces, respectively. Chlorine 47-56 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 0-3 12387414-6 2002 The enthalpies of phase change for all 209 PCB congeners ranged between 10 and 169 kJ mol(-1), where the enthalpies of phase change decreased as the number of ortho chlorine substitutions on the biphenyl rings increased within homologue groups. Chlorine 165-173 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 43-46 12146632-6 2002 Increasing Q(Cl)+, (the most positive net atomic charges on a chlorine atom) and Q(C)- (the largest negative net atomic charge on a carbon atom) values of PCBs results in decreasing lg K(OA) values, implying possible intermolecular electrostatic interactions between octanol and PCB molecules. Chlorine 62-70 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 155-158 12018005-7 2002 Similarly, in vitro exposures to PCB congeners increased the frequency of spontaneous uterine oscillatory contractions in a structurally related manner, with ortho-substitution of four or fewer chlorines associated with increased stimulation. Chlorine 194-203 pyruvate carboxylase Homo sapiens 33-36