PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 22442136-6 2012 The effects of EtOH and Leu were associated with coordinate changes in the phosphorylation state of mTOR, raptor, and their downstream targets 4EBP1 and S6K1. Leucine 24-27 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 153-157 22898570-11 2013 In human fibroblasts deficient in leucine catabolic steps, we observed regulation consistent with sustaining a more efficient MAP4K3 and mTOR-S6K1 signaling. Leucine 34-41 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 142-146 23129808-3 2013 Here we show that the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 is required for leucine-induced activation of S6K1 in skeletal myoblasts. Leucine 73-80 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 103-107 23129808-4 2013 In response to leucine, S6K1 activation is inhibited in myoblasts either lacking SHP-2 expression or overexpressing a catalytically inactive mutant of SHP-2. Leucine 15-22 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 24-28 23129808-5 2013 Activation of S6K1 by leucine requires the mobilization of intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)), which we show is mediated by SHP-2 in an inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent manner. Leucine 22-29 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 14-18 22523661-8 2012 Exaggerated leucine-mediated mTORC1-S6K1 signalling induced by infant formulas may thus explain increased adipogenesis and generation of lifelong elevated adipocyte numbers. Leucine 12-19 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 36-40 22391631-4 2012 Although less than HP, p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1) association with regulatory associated protein of mammalian target of rapamycin was greater in LP+L than LP, resulting in higher S6K1 and 4EBP1 phosphorylation. Leucine 219-220 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 50-54 21702994-6 2011 Phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6K was transiently increased following leucine exposure, independently to insulin. Leucine 71-78 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 28-34 21906315-9 2011 In contrast, the deficiency of D-(+)-glucose or L-leucine used primarily pathway #2 to down-regulate the phosphorylation of S6K1, but they also secondarily down-regulated the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and up-regulated the expression of p27. Leucine 48-57 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 124-128 20051528-10 2010 Moreover, the introduction in PDK1 of the L155E mutation, which is known to preserve the insulin-induced and PKB/Akt-dependent phosphorylation of mTOR/p70(S6K), suppressed all leucine effects, including phosphorylation of mTOR, PRAS40, and p70(S6K). Leucine 176-183 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 155-158 21282364-0 2011 Leucine deprivation increases hepatic insulin sensitivity via GCN2/mTOR/S6K1 and AMPK pathways. Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 72-76 21282364-4 2011 RESULTS: We show that leucine deprivation improves hepatic insulin sensitivity by sequentially activating general control nonderepressible (GCN)2 and decreasing mammalian target of rapamycin/S6K1 signaling. Leucine 22-29 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 191-195 20558053-1 2011 Although activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex/p70 S6 kinase (S6K1) pathway by leucine is efficient to stimulate muscle protein synthesis, it can also exert inhibition on the early steps of insulin signaling leading to insulin resistance. Leucine 97-104 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 80-84 20558053-5 2011 Tyrosine phosphorylation of IRbeta, IRS1 and PI3 kinase activity were reduced in LEU group 30 min after feeding (-36%, -36% and -38% respectively, P<.05) whereas S6K1, S6rp and 4EBP1 phosphorylations were similar. Leucine 81-84 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 165-169 20473536-6 2010 Compared with the control group, dietary supplementation with 0.55% L-leucine for 2 weeks increased (P<0.05): (1) the phosphorylated levels of S6K1 and 4E-BP1; (2) protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, liver, the heart, kidney, pancreas, spleen, and stomach; and (3) daily weight gain by 61%. Leucine 68-77 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 146-150 20682696-1 2010 OBJECTIVE: Branched-chain amino acids, such as leucine and glucose, stimulate protein synthesis and increase the phosphorylation and activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its downstream target p70S6 kinase (p70S6K). Leucine 47-54 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 212-224 20682696-1 2010 OBJECTIVE: Branched-chain amino acids, such as leucine and glucose, stimulate protein synthesis and increase the phosphorylation and activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its downstream target p70S6 kinase (p70S6K). Leucine 47-54 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 226-232 21698202-7 2011 The leucine (2.5-5 mM)-induced phosphorylation of S6K1 on the other hand was repressed by low concentrations of both tunicamycin and thapsigargin. Leucine 4-11 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 50-54 21698202-13 2011 Blocking PKB using a specific inhibitor had the same effect on both PRAS40 and leucine-induced phosphorylation of S6K1. Leucine 79-86 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 114-118 20051528-0 2010 Activation of the cardiac mTOR/p70(S6K) pathway by leucine requires PDK1 and correlates with PRAS40 phosphorylation. Leucine 51-58 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 31-34 20051528-5 2010 In wild-type hearts, both leucine and insulin increased p70(S6K) activity whereas, in contrast to insulin, leucine was unable to activate PKB/Akt. Leucine 26-33 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 56-59 20051528-6 2010 The changes in p70(S6K) activity induced by insulin and leucine correlated with changes in phosphorylation of Thr(389), the mTOR phosphorylation site on p70(S6K), and of Ser(2448) on mTOR, both related to mTOR activity. Leucine 56-63 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 19-22 20051528-6 2010 The changes in p70(S6K) activity induced by insulin and leucine correlated with changes in phosphorylation of Thr(389), the mTOR phosphorylation site on p70(S6K), and of Ser(2448) on mTOR, both related to mTOR activity. Leucine 56-63 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 157-160 20298436-3 2010 Leucine enhances mTOR-mediated phosphorylation of S6K1 and 4E-BP, thereby promoting protein synthesis. Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 50-64 20051528-10 2010 Moreover, the introduction in PDK1 of the L155E mutation, which is known to preserve the insulin-induced and PKB/Akt-dependent phosphorylation of mTOR/p70(S6K), suppressed all leucine effects, including phosphorylation of mTOR, PRAS40, and p70(S6K). Leucine 176-183 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 244-247 20051528-11 2010 We conclude that the leucine-induced stimulation of the cardiac PRAS40/mTOR/p70(S6K) pathway requires PDK1 in a way that differs from that of insulin. Leucine 21-28 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 76-79 19940100-9 2010 These results indicate that leucine activates contraction-stimulated glucose transport and inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle by activating mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70S6K signaling. Leucine 28-35 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 207-213 12023960-8 2002 Its mutation to either Ile or Val severely reduced the efficacy with which NEK6-phosphorylated peptide substrates, and moreover, mutation of the equivalent Leu residue in S6K1 or SGK1 prevented phosphorylation of their hydrophobic motifs by NEK6 in vitro. Leucine 156-159 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 171-175 18435829-0 2008 Leucine induces phosphorylation and activation of p70S6K in cortical neurons via the system L amino acid transporter. Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 50-56 18435829-5 2008 Leucine also induces phosphorylation of S6 protein, a substrate of p70S6K. Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 67-73 15228219-2 2004 In the current study, we compared the effects of L- and D-enantiomers of leucine on the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and S6K1. Leucine 73-80 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 118-122 15228219-4 2004 Food-deprived (18 h) rats were orally administered 135 mg/100 g body weight L-leucine, D-leucine or alpha-KIC and were sacrificed after 1 h. L-Leucine administration had an obvious stimulatory effect on the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and S6K1 in both skeletal muscle and liver while D-leucine was much less effective, indicating that the effect of leucine is stereospecific. Leucine 141-150 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 237-241 15228219-7 2004 The results showing that the efficacy of L-leucine and alpha-KIC in stimulating phosphorylation of S6K1 and 4E-BP1 is equivalent in skeletal muscle, may be explained by the conversion of alpha-KIC to L-leucine. Leucine 41-50 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 99-114 15228219-7 2004 The results showing that the efficacy of L-leucine and alpha-KIC in stimulating phosphorylation of S6K1 and 4E-BP1 is equivalent in skeletal muscle, may be explained by the conversion of alpha-KIC to L-leucine. Leucine 200-209 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 99-114 12611592-3 2003 Amino acids, especially branched-chain amino acids, such as leucine, promote phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and S6K1, and permit insulin to further increase their phosphorylation. Leucine 60-67 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 107-111 12681504-6 2003 The availability of individual amino acids (methionine or leucine) regulated S6K1 phosphorylation on Thr389 and QM7 protein synthesis. Leucine 58-65 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 77-81 19266162-5 2009 Leucine also reduced insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation, glucose uptake and glucose incorporation to glycogen (39%, 39% and 37%, respectively), and this reduction was restored after S6K1 silencing. Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 186-190 19266162-6 2009 Depletion of S6K1 enhanced basal glucose utilization and protected against the development of impaired insulin action, in response to excessive leucine. Leucine 144-151 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 13-17 17505052-5 2007 Although the ability of mTOR to respond to insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I is not disrupted by sepsis, the ability of leucine to increase 4E-BP1 and S6K1 phosphorylation is greatly attenuated. Leucine 121-128 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 152-156 14684182-5 2004 Leucine may stimulate p70alpha phosphorylation via mTOR pathway, in part, by serving both as a mitochondrial fuel through oxidative carboxylation and an allosteric activation of glutamate dehydrogenase. Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 22-30 14560955-2 2004 The activity of the p70 S6K in mammalian cell is upregulated by extracellular amino acids (especially leucine) and by signals from receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), primarily through activation of the type 1A PI-3 kinase. Leucine 102-109 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 20-27 12812918-11 2003 To begin to test the leucine oxidation hypothesis of mTOR activation, the dose-dependent effects of orally administered leucine on acute activation of S6K1 (an mTOR substrate) and BCKD were compared using the pS293 antibodies. Leucine 120-127 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 151-155 19079937-11 2003 Leucine has been shown to act as a real mediator by modulating specifically the activities of intracellular kinases linked to the translation of proteins such as phosphatidylinosinol 3" kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin-70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 (p70S6K) kinases. Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 256-262 11272147-4 2001 Thus, a minimal model consisting of leucine and glutamine as substrates for oxidative decarboxylation and an activator of GDH, respectively, confirmed the requirement for these two metabolic components and mimicked closely the synergistic interactions achieved by a complete complement of amino acids to activate p70s6k in a rapamycin-sensitive manner. Leucine 36-43 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 313-319 11500301-2 2001 To test the hypothesis that leucine and insulin stimulate translation initiation in human skeletal muscle by phosphorylating 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70(S6k)), we infused healthy adults with leucine alone (n = 6), insulin alone (n = 6), or both leucine and insulin (n = 6) for 2 h. p70(S6k) and protein kinase B (PKB) serine(473) phosphorylation were measured in vastus lateralis muscles. Leucine 28-35 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 161-168 11500301-2 2001 To test the hypothesis that leucine and insulin stimulate translation initiation in human skeletal muscle by phosphorylating 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70(S6k)), we infused healthy adults with leucine alone (n = 6), insulin alone (n = 6), or both leucine and insulin (n = 6) for 2 h. p70(S6k) and protein kinase B (PKB) serine(473) phosphorylation were measured in vastus lateralis muscles. Leucine 28-35 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 165-168 11500301-5 2001 Phosphorylation of p70(S6k) increased 4-fold in response to leucine alone, 8-fold in response to insulin alone, and 18-fold after the leucine + insulin infusion. Leucine 60-67 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 23-26 11500301-5 2001 Phosphorylation of p70(S6k) increased 4-fold in response to leucine alone, 8-fold in response to insulin alone, and 18-fold after the leucine + insulin infusion. Leucine 134-141 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 23-26 11238774-3 2001 In addition, leucine enhances phosphorylation of the 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K1). Leucine 13-20 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 89-93 11272147-5 2001 Studies using various leucine analogs also confirmed the close association of mitochondrial metabolism and the ability of leucine analogs to activate p70s6k. Leucine 22-29 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 150-156 11272147-5 2001 Studies using various leucine analogs also confirmed the close association of mitochondrial metabolism and the ability of leucine analogs to activate p70s6k. Leucine 122-129 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 150-156 11272147-7 2001 These findings indicate that leucine at physiological concentrations stimulates p70s6k phosphorylation via the mTOR pathway, in part, by serving both as a mitochondrial fuel and an allosteric activator of GDH. Leucine 29-36 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 80-86 34367129-9 2021 Furthermore, Leu reversed the inhibition of STAT1 and ISGs by activating mTOR and its downstream p70 S6K and 4E-BP1 in TEGV-infected cells. Leucine 13-16 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 97-111 10206976-7 1999 Leucine also stimulated phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6 kinase, p70(S6k), resulting in increased phosphorylation of S6. Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 80-83 34323596-8 2021 Phosphorylation of Akt (P = 0.002), rpS6 (P <0.001) and p70S6K (P < 0.001) increased over time in both LEU and DILEU conditions. Leucine 103-106 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 56-62 33909501-9 2021 MPS and the phosphorylation of Akt, p70S6K and eEF2 were increased in myotubes treated with young serum in response to leucine treatment, with a blunted response identified in cells treated with old serum (P < 0.05). Leucine 119-126 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 36-42 30761631-6 2019 Supplementation of leucine improved the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) and substrates ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K). Leucine 19-26 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 201-207 30900779-5 2019 The results showed that TOR, S6K1 and 4E-BP1 mRNA expressions in the medium with Leu concentration of 2 mM were significantly higher than that in 0.2 mM group (p < 0.05). Leucine 81-84 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 29-44 27144582-6 2016 The results show that both 8 weeks of leucine supplementation and aerobic training elevated the activity of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and its downstream target p70S6K and 4E-BP1, inhibited the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and increased fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) in white gastrocnemius muscle. Leucine 38-45 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 171-188 30175263-7 2018 Leucine could also activate mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling (P < 0.05), as evidenced by the increased phosphorylation levels of ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and ribosomal protein S6 (S6). Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 189-193 28856713-4 2018 Phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K), an mTOR-regulated marker of protein translation initiation, was significantly increased following mechanical stretching alone but returned to the baseline after 4 h. Leucine supplementation further increased p70S6K phosphorylation, with a greater increase observed in the stretched cells than in the non-stretched cells. Leucine 209-216 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 19-32 28856713-4 2018 Phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K), an mTOR-regulated marker of protein translation initiation, was significantly increased following mechanical stretching alone but returned to the baseline after 4 h. Leucine supplementation further increased p70S6K phosphorylation, with a greater increase observed in the stretched cells than in the non-stretched cells. Leucine 209-216 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 34-40 28856713-4 2018 Phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K), an mTOR-regulated marker of protein translation initiation, was significantly increased following mechanical stretching alone but returned to the baseline after 4 h. Leucine supplementation further increased p70S6K phosphorylation, with a greater increase observed in the stretched cells than in the non-stretched cells. Leucine 209-216 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 251-257 28856713-5 2018 Notably, the expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), a stimulator of the mTOR pathway, was also increased by mechanical stretching, and siRNA-mediated knockdown partially attenuated leucine-induced p70S6K phosphorylation. Leucine 196-203 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 212-218 30054913-1 2018 KEY POINTS: It has been suggested that leucine is primarily responsible for the increase in muscle protein synthesis after protein ingestion because leucine uniquely activates the mTOR-p70S6K signalling cascade. Leucine 39-46 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 185-191 30054913-1 2018 KEY POINTS: It has been suggested that leucine is primarily responsible for the increase in muscle protein synthesis after protein ingestion because leucine uniquely activates the mTOR-p70S6K signalling cascade. Leucine 149-156 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 185-191 30054913-4 2018 ABSTRACT: It has been suggested that leucine is primarily responsible for the increase in muscle protein synthesis (MPS) after protein ingestion because leucine uniquely activates the mTOR-p70S6K signalling cascade. Leucine 37-44 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 189-195 30054913-4 2018 ABSTRACT: It has been suggested that leucine is primarily responsible for the increase in muscle protein synthesis (MPS) after protein ingestion because leucine uniquely activates the mTOR-p70S6K signalling cascade. Leucine 153-160 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 189-195 26724922-2 2016 To reveal the critical structures of leucine molecule to activate mTORC1, we examined the structure-activity relationships of leucine derivatives in HeLa S3 cells for cellular uptake and for the induction of phosphorylation of p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K), a downstream effector of mTORC1. Leucine 126-133 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 227-252 26724922-2 2016 To reveal the critical structures of leucine molecule to activate mTORC1, we examined the structure-activity relationships of leucine derivatives in HeLa S3 cells for cellular uptake and for the induction of phosphorylation of p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K), a downstream effector of mTORC1. Leucine 37-44 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 227-252 26724922-2 2016 To reveal the critical structures of leucine molecule to activate mTORC1, we examined the structure-activity relationships of leucine derivatives in HeLa S3 cells for cellular uptake and for the induction of phosphorylation of p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K), a downstream effector of mTORC1. Leucine 37-44 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 254-260 26169935-5 2015 Leucine alone stimulated ribosomal protein s6 kinase 1 (S6K1) phosphorylation ~280% more than placebo and EAA-Leu after exercise. Leucine 0-7 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 56-60 29767001-14 2015 Moreover, the expression of mTOR, S6K1 increased as the level of dietary leucine was elevated from 1.37 to 2.17%. Leucine 73-80 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 34-38 26169935-7 2015 Kinase activity of S6K1 reflected that of S6K1 phosphorylation; 60 min after exercise, the activity was elevated 3.3- and 4.2-fold with intake of leucine alone and with EAAs, respectively (P < 0.05). Leucine 146-153 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 19-23 24476474-8 2014 Phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6k was elevated to a larger extent following 1 h of recovery with leucine in the supplement (120% vs. 49% (p < 0.05) and 59- vs. 8-fold (p < 0.05) for EAA and EAA-Leu, respectively). Leucine 98-105 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 28-34 25971373-6 2015 Stimulation of the mTOR pathway by adding leucine and insulin increased the phosphorylation of p70S6K without inactivation of AMPK. Leucine 42-49 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 95-101 25107987-7 2014 Additionally, the fold change in the phosphorylation of p70S6K (Thr389) at 2 h post exercise was correlated with the dose of whey protein consumed (r = 0.51, P < 001) and was found to be significantly correlated with intramuscular leucine content (r = 0.32, P = 0.026). Leucine 234-241 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 56-62 25553480-3 2015 Specifically, leucine activates the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, including the 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) to stimulate protein synthesis in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and to promote mitochondrial biogenesis, resulting in enhanced cellular respiration and energy partitioning. Leucine 14-21 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 144-148 24476474-8 2014 Phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6k was elevated to a larger extent following 1 h of recovery with leucine in the supplement (120% vs. 49% (p < 0.05) and 59- vs. 8-fold (p < 0.05) for EAA and EAA-Leu, respectively). Leucine 201-204 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 28-34 23783244-5 2014 Levels of several signaling proteins increased significantly while leucine-induced phosphorylation of mTOR and downstream proteins, 4e-BP1 and S6K1, was completely suppressed. Leucine 67-74 ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 Homo sapiens 143-147