PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 11571937-2 2001 The brain"s ability to mobilize this so-called stress response is paralleled by activation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in several nuclei, including the hypothalamus, amygdala and locus ceruleus, and stimulation of the locus ceruleus norepinephrine (LC/NE) system in the brain stem. Norepinephrine 246-260 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 94-125 22593735-5 2012 CRH neuronal activity is largely orchestrated by three neurotransmitters: GABA, glutamate, and norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 95-109 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 0-3 14598308-0 2003 Centrally administered norepinephrine modifies the behavior induced by corticotropin-releasing factor in neonatal chicks. Norepinephrine 23-37 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 71-101 14598308-1 2003 We previously reported that glucagon-like peptide-1 decreased corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-induced behaviors in neonatal chicks, and such an effect is hypothesized to act through norepinephrine (NE). Norepinephrine 187-201 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 62-92 12694379-14 2003 Our laboratory and others have previously reported that NO increased hypothalamic noradrenaline levels, while conversely noradrenaline up-regulated levels of NO synthase, the enzyme responsible for NO formation; and that injection of corticotropin-releasing factor into the brain ventricles releases catecholamines and stimulates NO formation. Norepinephrine 82-95 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 234-264 12694379-14 2003 Our laboratory and others have previously reported that NO increased hypothalamic noradrenaline levels, while conversely noradrenaline up-regulated levels of NO synthase, the enzyme responsible for NO formation; and that injection of corticotropin-releasing factor into the brain ventricles releases catecholamines and stimulates NO formation. Norepinephrine 121-134 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 234-264 16569708-2 2006 Although inactive in itself, the neuropeptide corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) strongly amplified the effect of BDNF, increasing the number of cells expressing TH and the active accumulation of noradrenaline by a factor of 2 to 3 via a mechanism that was nonmitogenic. Norepinephrine 198-211 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 46-76 15509759-1 2004 The neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) activates locus ceruleus (LC) neurons, thereby increasing norepinephrine levels throughout the CNS. Norepinephrine 113-127 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 17-48 15509759-1 2004 The neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) activates locus ceruleus (LC) neurons, thereby increasing norepinephrine levels throughout the CNS. Norepinephrine 113-127 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 50-53 15240349-0 2004 Brain circuits involved in corticotropin-releasing factor-norepinephrine interactions during stress. Norepinephrine 58-72 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 27-57 12660805-7 2003 These findings reveal that CRH-IR levels are specifically increased in norepinephrine- and serotonin-containing pontine nuclei of depressed suicide men, and thus they are consistent with the hypothesis that CRH neurotransmission is elevated in extra-hypothalamic brain regions of depressed subjects. Norepinephrine 71-85 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 27-30 12660805-7 2003 These findings reveal that CRH-IR levels are specifically increased in norepinephrine- and serotonin-containing pontine nuclei of depressed suicide men, and thus they are consistent with the hypothesis that CRH neurotransmission is elevated in extra-hypothalamic brain regions of depressed subjects. Norepinephrine 71-85 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 207-210 11571937-2 2001 The brain"s ability to mobilize this so-called stress response is paralleled by activation of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in several nuclei, including the hypothalamus, amygdala and locus ceruleus, and stimulation of the locus ceruleus norepinephrine (LC/NE) system in the brain stem. Norepinephrine 246-260 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 127-130 11316770-2 2001 Stress activates A1/A2 noradrenergic neurons, and then noradrenaline (NA) stimulates ACTH secretion through hypothalamic CRH. Norepinephrine 55-68 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 121-124 11160591-5 2001 Anemia (by causing hypoxia) and iron deficiency (by increasing serum norepinephrine concentrations) can induce maternal and fetal stress, which stimulates the synthesis of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). Norepinephrine 69-83 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 172-203 11160591-5 2001 Anemia (by causing hypoxia) and iron deficiency (by increasing serum norepinephrine concentrations) can induce maternal and fetal stress, which stimulates the synthesis of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). Norepinephrine 69-83 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 205-208 9053060-1 1996 Corticotropin-releasing hormone administration into the neostriatum was shown to increase the level of corticosterone in the blood, as well as adrenaline and noradrenaline contents in the adrenal glands. Norepinephrine 158-171 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 0-31 11179598-3 2001 Blockade of CRH receptors with alphah-CRF (10 microg) attenuated or blocked the BN-induced rise in plasma ACTH, epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucose and corticosterone levels. Norepinephrine 125-139 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 12-15 9489742-0 1998 Glucocorticoids provoke a shift from alpha2- to alpha1-adrenoreceptor activities in cultured hypothalamic slices leading to opposite noradrenaline effect on corticotropin-releasing hormone release. Norepinephrine 133-146 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 157-188 9489742-1 1998 We have shown previously that noradrenaline (NA) stimulated or inhibited the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) according to the availability of adrenal steroids. Norepinephrine 30-43 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 88-119 9489742-1 1998 We have shown previously that noradrenaline (NA) stimulated or inhibited the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) according to the availability of adrenal steroids. Norepinephrine 30-43 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 121-124 9348548-4 1997 Substantial regional differences in the density and distribution of CRH-immunoreactive axons were found in the dopamine-, noradrenaline- and serotonin-containing cell body regions of the human brainstem. Norepinephrine 122-135 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 68-71 9091308-5 1997 After pre-incubation with PDGF-AB or TGF-beta 1 in the presence of CRH or ACTH, norepinephrine and epinephrine release falls. Norepinephrine 80-94 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 67-70 7833428-4 1994 However, when the effects of CRH were followed over a longer period in a small subgroup, we found that CRH administration produced a two-fold rise in plasma HVA levels 20 hours later, without affecting plasma levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), a major metabolite of norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 281-295 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 103-106 7617129-6 1995 Noradrenaline (NA) triggered CRH release in a dose-dependent (1-20 microM) and time-dependent (0.5-6 h) manner. Norepinephrine 0-13 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 29-32 7695023-4 1994 In early withdrawal, there was a significant positive correlation between CSF norepinephrine (NE) and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) concentrations (r = 0.95, p < 0.001). Norepinephrine 78-92 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 135-138 8917909-2 1996 Generally, in anestrous ewes beta-endorphin and/or corticoliberin significantly change extracellular concentrations of monoamine metabolites in the MBH-ME, but in estrous ewes both beta-endorphin and CRF alters also dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin levels. Norepinephrine 226-239 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 51-65 8597392-3 1995 Norepinephrine (NE) potently stimulates CRH neurons in the PVN; however, the physiologic role of NE in stress-induced activation of the HPA is unknown. Norepinephrine 0-14 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 40-43 7882052-0 1995 Corticotropin-releasing factor administered into the locus coeruleus, but not the parabrachial nucleus, stimulates norepinephrine release in the prefrontal cortex. Norepinephrine 115-129 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 0-30 7882052-1 1995 Previous studies have indicated that intracerebroventricular application of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) activates noradrenergic neurons in the brain stem locus coeruleus (LC) and norepinephrine (NE) metabolism in several brain regions. Norepinephrine 188-202 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 76-106 1359604-7 1992 CRH content in the locus coeruleus is particularly increased by stress and may influence norepinephrine neurotransmitter function in this structure. Norepinephrine 89-103 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 0-3 8076685-1 1994 The addition of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) to molluscan hemocytes induces the release of biogenic amines (norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine), a phenomenon we have considered as an ancestral type of stress response [(1992) Gen. Comp. Norepinephrine 116-130 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 16-46 1488103-0 1992 Mechanisms of norepinephrine mediated corticotropin-releasing factor-41 release from cultured fetal hypothalamic cells. Norepinephrine 14-28 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 38-71 3492236-1 1986 Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been microinjected into different brain areas in an effort to characterize specific sites of action of this peptide to influence the concentrations of norepinephrine in plasma. Norepinephrine 192-206 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 0-30 3495811-2 1987 Among 21 depressed patients cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of CRH significantly correlated with urinary outputs of norepinephrine and its major metabolites, and there were trends for significant correlations with both CSF and plasma levels of norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 117-131 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 64-67 3495811-2 1987 Among 21 depressed patients cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of CRH significantly correlated with urinary outputs of norepinephrine and its major metabolites, and there were trends for significant correlations with both CSF and plasma levels of norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 245-259 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 64-67 3495811-3 1987 These results suggest that CRH may be associated with the dysregulation of the norepinephrine system that is found in desperation. Norepinephrine 79-93 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 27-30 19210461-0 1989 Corticotrophin-Releasing Factor Antagonist [alpha helical CRF(9-41)] Blocks Central Noradrenaline-lnduced ACTH Secretion. Norepinephrine 84-97 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 0-31 2563197-4 1989 Norepinephrine and acetylcholine increased immunoreactive corticotropin-releasing factor release into the culture medium in a dose-related manner. Norepinephrine 0-14 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 58-88 3358538-2 1988 It is postulated that since hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE) is known to inhibit corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), an increase in brain NE as measured by its metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol (MHPG) could reflect the depression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as measured by urinary cortisol levels. Norepinephrine 41-55 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 81-112 3358538-2 1988 It is postulated that since hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE) is known to inhibit corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), an increase in brain NE as measured by its metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol (MHPG) could reflect the depression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as measured by urinary cortisol levels. Norepinephrine 41-55 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 114-117 3497798-0 1987 Facilitation of immunoreactive corticotropin-releasing factor secretion into the hypophysial-portal circulation after activation of catecholaminergic pathways or central norepinephrine injection. Norepinephrine 170-184 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 31-61 6140096-3 1983 Norepinephrine appears to inhibit hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor, thus decreasing ACTH secretion by the pituitary and, in turn, cortisol secretion by the adrenal glands. Norepinephrine 0-14 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 47-77 2862967-6 1985 The putative role of corticotropin releasing factor as the mediator of norepinephrine and serotonin effects on feeding is discussed. Norepinephrine 71-85 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 21-51 7272380-2 1981 The inhibitory effect of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) on the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis through the regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor has been suggested by animal in vitro studies. Norepinephrine 46-60 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 141-171 6976501-1 1982 Corticotropin-releasing factor administered intracerebroventricularly produces prolonged elevation of plasma concentration of epinephrine, norepinephrine and glucose. Norepinephrine 139-153 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 0-30 31875545-3 2019 Norepinephrine activates alpha1 adrenoreceptors in hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons to stimulate dendritic release, which triggers an astrocytic calcium response and release of ATP; ATP stimulates action potentials in upstream glutamate and GABA neurons to activate recurrent excitatory and inhibitory synaptic circuits to the CRH neurons. Norepinephrine 0-14 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 64-95 31875545-3 2019 Norepinephrine activates alpha1 adrenoreceptors in hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons to stimulate dendritic release, which triggers an astrocytic calcium response and release of ATP; ATP stimulates action potentials in upstream glutamate and GABA neurons to activate recurrent excitatory and inhibitory synaptic circuits to the CRH neurons. Norepinephrine 0-14 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 97-100 31875545-3 2019 Norepinephrine activates alpha1 adrenoreceptors in hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons to stimulate dendritic release, which triggers an astrocytic calcium response and release of ATP; ATP stimulates action potentials in upstream glutamate and GABA neurons to activate recurrent excitatory and inhibitory synaptic circuits to the CRH neurons. Norepinephrine 0-14 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 353-356 31875545-4 2019 Thus, norepinephrine activates a retrograde signaling mechanism in CRH neurons that engages astrocytes in order to extend dendritic volume transmission to reach distal presynaptic glutamate and GABA neurons, thereby amplifying volume transmission mediated by dendritic release. Norepinephrine 6-20 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 67-70 28895001-3 2018 Norepinephrine (NE) signaling via alpha1 receptors is primarily excitatory, working either directly on CRH neurons or through presynaptic activation of glutamate release. Norepinephrine 0-14 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 103-106 30747098-5 2019 Corticotropin-releasing factor can be considered a fundamental biological element of resilience, which also involves neural mechanisms such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the locus coeruleus/norepinephrine system, the mesolimbic reward circuit and the fear circuit. Norepinephrine 210-224 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 0-30 27448273-0 2016 Differential Activation in Amygdala and Plasma Noradrenaline during Colorectal Distention by Administration of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone between Healthy Individuals and Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Norepinephrine 47-60 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 111-142 28804807-7 2017 RESULTS: CRH administration induced pronounced increases in cortisol and noradrenaline plasma concentrations, heart rate, and anxiety levels. Norepinephrine 73-86 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 9-12 28472693-0 2017 Salivary alpha-amylase and noradrenaline responses to corticotropin-releasing hormone administration in humans. Norepinephrine 27-40 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 54-85 28472693-7 2017 Results showed that CRH administration increased plasma noradrenaline and cortisol concentrations, sAA activity, heart rate, as well as self-reported side effects (i.e. flushing in the facial area, heart rate changes, giddiness, malaise and restlessness) and stress perception, while plasma adrenaline levels remained unaffected. Norepinephrine 56-69 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 20-23 28472693-8 2017 In the CRH group, the total increase of sAA activity significantly correlated with noradrenaline release, indicating that sAA activity reflects pharmacologically induced sympathetic activation. Norepinephrine 83-96 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 7-10 27448273-10 2016 Plasma noradrenaline at baseline significantly increased after CRH injection compared to before injection in IBS. Norepinephrine 7-20 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 63-66 25506603-9 2015 This review uses the major brain norepinephrine system as a model stress-response system to demonstrate how co-regulation by opposing pro-stress (corticotropin-releasing factor) and anti-stress (enkephalin) neuromodulators must be fine-tuned to produce an adaptive response to stress. Norepinephrine 33-47 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 146-176 24328808-2 2014 In this paper, we review work from our laboratory and others focused on determining the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie and contribute to stress-induced relapse of cocaine use with an emphasis on the actions of corticotropin-releasing factor in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and a key pathway from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis to the VTA that is regulated by norepinephrine and beta adrenergic receptors. Norepinephrine 382-396 corticotropin releasing hormone Homo sapiens 220-250