PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 2843832-12 1988 The inhibitory action of NPY is best explained through the activation of presynaptic NPY receptors that regulate norepinephrine release via a negative feedback mechanism. Norepinephrine 113-127 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 25-28 2843832-3 1988 NPY was at least 200-fold more potent than norepinephrine or adenosine to produce an equivalent inhibition. Norepinephrine 43-57 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2843832-12 1988 The inhibitory action of NPY is best explained through the activation of presynaptic NPY receptors that regulate norepinephrine release via a negative feedback mechanism. Norepinephrine 113-127 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 85-88 2851918-0 1988 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) induced inhibition of preganglionic nerve stimulation evoked release of adrenalin and noradrenaline in the pithed rat. Norepinephrine 107-120 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 2851918-0 1988 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) induced inhibition of preganglionic nerve stimulation evoked release of adrenalin and noradrenaline in the pithed rat. Norepinephrine 107-120 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 2851918-1 1988 NPY, a peptide with 36 amino acid residues, is co-stored together with noradrenaline (NA) in cardiac and sympathetic perivascular nerves as well as with adrenalin (A) in adrenal chromaffin cells. Norepinephrine 71-84 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 3367684-1 1988 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a vasoconstrictor present in the sympatho-adrenomedullary system and may be co-released with norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) during sympathetic activation. Norepinephrine 117-131 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 3367684-1 1988 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a vasoconstrictor present in the sympatho-adrenomedullary system and may be co-released with norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) during sympathetic activation. Norepinephrine 117-131 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 3126463-1 1987 The neuropeptide Y (NPY) innervation of the hypothalamus is thought to arise largely from noradrenaline (NA) neurons of the medullary tegmentum in the rat. Norepinephrine 90-103 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 4-18 3212674-6 1988 Infusion of a low pressor (8.5 +/- 1.5 mm Hg) dose of norepinephrine into conscious rats potentiated NPY-mediated pressor responses 2-fold and also tended to increase bradycardic effect of a higher dose of NPY (by 19%). Norepinephrine 54-68 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 101-104 3212674-6 1988 Infusion of a low pressor (8.5 +/- 1.5 mm Hg) dose of norepinephrine into conscious rats potentiated NPY-mediated pressor responses 2-fold and also tended to increase bradycardic effect of a higher dose of NPY (by 19%). Norepinephrine 54-68 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 206-209 2850631-5 1988 NPY was also seen to decrease the potassium-induced release of norepinephrine (NE) from slices obtained from the posterior hypothalamic nucleus. Norepinephrine 63-77 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 3126463-1 1987 The neuropeptide Y (NPY) innervation of the hypothalamus is thought to arise largely from noradrenaline (NA) neurons of the medullary tegmentum in the rat. Norepinephrine 90-103 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 20-23 2824175-2 1987 Because adrenergic neurotransmitters, norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E), show intraneuronal coexistence with NPY in certain brain regions of the rat and there are similarities in the effects of NPY and NE/E on LH release, we investigated the possible interaction of NPY and adrenergic receptor systems in the stimulation of LH release in EBP-treated ovariectomized rats. Norepinephrine 38-52 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 115-118 3683090-1 1987 This study in conscious normotensive rats was performed to assess the effect of the vasoconstrictor peptide, neuropeptide Y (NPY), on blood pressure responsiveness to exogenous norepinephrine in endotoxaemia. Norepinephrine 177-191 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 109-123 3683090-1 1987 This study in conscious normotensive rats was performed to assess the effect of the vasoconstrictor peptide, neuropeptide Y (NPY), on blood pressure responsiveness to exogenous norepinephrine in endotoxaemia. Norepinephrine 177-191 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 125-128 3688263-1 1987 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is contained in and coreleased with norepinephrine (NE) from sympathetic nerves innervating vascular and cardiac tissues. Norepinephrine 57-71 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 3688263-1 1987 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is contained in and coreleased with norepinephrine (NE) from sympathetic nerves innervating vascular and cardiac tissues. Norepinephrine 57-71 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 3681705-4 1987 30 nM-neuropeptide Y increased the contraction caused by either nerve-released noradrenaline or smooth muscle action potentials. Norepinephrine 79-92 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 6-20 3115818-4 1987 Pretreatment with 2 nmol NPY enhanced the noradrenaline-induced pressor response in control rats. Norepinephrine 42-55 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 25-28 3115818-5 1987 NPY did not change the basal tension of isolated rat aortic strips but significantly potentiated the contractile activity induced by 16 nM noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 139-152 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 3440284-0 1987 In vitro effect of neuropeptide Y on melatonin and norepinephrine release in rat pineal gland. Norepinephrine 51-65 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 19-33 3659100-0 1987 The involvement of neuropeptide Y in the antimuricide action of noradrenaline injected into the medial amygdala of olfactory bulbectomized rats. Norepinephrine 64-77 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 19-33 3614553-0 1987 Neonatal administration of a specific neuropeptide Y antiserum alters the vasopressin response to haemorrhage and the hypothalamic content of noradrenaline in rats. Norepinephrine 142-155 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 38-52 3614553-7 1987 However, electrochemical detection of noradrenaline after HPLC revealed significantly higher levels in the hypothalamus, but not brainstem, of NPY-antiserum-treated rats. Norepinephrine 38-51 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 143-146 3614553-8 1987 The presence of enduring changes in noradrenaline levels and neurohypophyseal function following neonatal treatment with NPY-antiserum suggests a role for NPY in postnatal organization of the rat hypothalamus. Norepinephrine 36-49 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 155-158 3681705-9 1987 30 nM-neuropeptide Y increased the contraction caused by exogenous noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and K in concentrations that gave submaximal contractions. Norepinephrine 67-80 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 6-20 3822118-2 1986 On histochemical grounds, the neuropeptide Y-containing cell bodies have been subdivided into two groups: those in the brain stem in which colocalization with noradrenaline and adrenaline has been demonstrated and those in other brain regions where no catecholamine coexistence is found. Norepinephrine 159-172 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 30-44 3822247-2 1987 NPY decreased noradrenaline turnover in the brainstem, hypothalamus, midbrain and hippocampus. Norepinephrine 14-27 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 3554241-1 1987 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is widely distributed in the sympathetic nervous system, where it is colocalized with norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 107-121 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 3554241-1 1987 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is widely distributed in the sympathetic nervous system, where it is colocalized with norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 107-121 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 2872078-0 1986 "Neuropeptide tyrosine" (NPY) is co-stored with noradrenaline in vascular but not in parenchymal sympathetic nerves of brown adipose tissue. Norepinephrine 48-61 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 25-28 2873536-5 1986 NPY-LI coexists mainly with noradrenaline in sympathetic neurons, and may have regulatory functions in sympathetic ganglia and in target organs. Norepinephrine 28-41 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 3010640-2 1986 The 10(-9)M NPY enhanced (about two-fold) the contractile responses to transmural nerve stimulation (TNS), noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (about two-fold) in the femoral artery. Norepinephrine 107-120 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 12-15 3010387-6 1986 Thirdly, NPY and PYY act prejunctionally in that they suppress the release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerve endings upon stimulation; this was studied in the rat vas deferens. Norepinephrine 78-91 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 9-12 3010387-10 1986 The NPY- and PYY-induced suppression of noradrenaline release from the prostatic portion of the rat vas deferens was reproduced by PYY 13-36 but not by the shorter fragments nor by desamido-NPY. Norepinephrine 40-53 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 4-7 3018392-3 1986 In sympathetic postganglionic neurons, NPY coexists with noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 57-70 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 39-42 3783148-4 1986 The results may indicate the existence of a presynaptic NPY receptor on the noradrenaline and/or adrenaline nerve terminals, which may enhance the presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoreceptor function to inhibit 3H-NA release. Norepinephrine 76-89 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 56-59 6547992-0 1984 Norepinephrine-like effects of neuropeptide Y on LH release in the rat. Norepinephrine 0-14 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 31-45 20493065-6 1986 From studies on the pattern of terminal distribution results have been obtained compatible with the view that neuropeptide Y or a neuropeptide Y related peptide can be a comodulator in noradrenaline and adrenaline nerve terminal networks of these regions. Norepinephrine 185-198 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 110-124 20493065-6 1986 From studies on the pattern of terminal distribution results have been obtained compatible with the view that neuropeptide Y or a neuropeptide Y related peptide can be a comodulator in noradrenaline and adrenaline nerve terminal networks of these regions. Norepinephrine 185-198 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 130-144 20493065-14 1986 In addition, it is suggested that the ability of neuropeptide Y to increase adrenocorticotrophin and corticosterone secretion is at least in part related to its ability to reduce noradrenaline turnover in the parvocellular part of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, rich in corticotrophin releasing factor immunoreactive nerve cell bodies. Norepinephrine 179-192 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 49-63 20493065-15 1986 It is speculated that neuropeptide Y as a comodulator in the noradrenaline nerve terminals in this area may enhance the excitatory actions of noradrenaline on the corticotrophin releasing factor immunoreactive nerve cells. Norepinephrine 61-74 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 22-36 2861137-0 1985 Neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactive structures in the rat stomach with special reference to the noradrenaline neuron system. Norepinephrine 95-108 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 3018392-7 1986 Thirdly, NPY acts prejunctionally in that it suppresses the release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerve terminals; this was studied in the rat vas deferens. Norepinephrine 71-84 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 9-12 3838344-3 1985 Only one NPY peak was seen, which coincided with the high density peak of noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 74-87 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 9-12 3838576-0 1985 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) reduces field stimulation-evoked release of noradrenaline and enhances force of contraction in the rat portal vein. Norepinephrine 65-78 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 3838576-0 1985 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) reduces field stimulation-evoked release of noradrenaline and enhances force of contraction in the rat portal vein. Norepinephrine 65-78 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 6547992-1 1984 Neuropeptide Y, a recently isolated neuropeptide exhibited norepinephrine-like effects on LH release after intracerebroventricular administration at doses from 0.5 to 10 micrograms. Norepinephrine 59-73 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 26514659-5 2015 We also studied colocalization of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in norepinephrine and epinephrine-containing neurons as NPY is a common cotransmitter with central and peripheral catecholamines. Norepinephrine 58-72 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 34-48 27847128-3 2017 Depending on the neuron in which they are expressed they mediate inhibition of release of NPY and of the neuron"s classical transmitter GABA, glutamate or noradrenaline, respectively. Norepinephrine 155-168 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 90-93 32827566-1 2021 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is highly abundant in the brain and is released as a co-transmitter with plasticity-related neurotransmitters such as glutamate, GABA and noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 159-172 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 32827566-1 2021 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is highly abundant in the brain and is released as a co-transmitter with plasticity-related neurotransmitters such as glutamate, GABA and noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 159-172 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 29775703-2 2018 Previous studies have described the anatomical organization of NPY and CRF in the central nucleus of the amygdala, which sends CRF projections to the locus coeruleus (LC), activating LC norepinephrine release. Norepinephrine 186-200 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 63-66 26514659-5 2015 We also studied colocalization of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in norepinephrine and epinephrine-containing neurons as NPY is a common cotransmitter with central and peripheral catecholamines. Norepinephrine 58-72 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 50-53 26514659-6 2015 We found significantly increased expression and coexpression of NPY in norepinephrine and epinephrine-positive neurons of locus coeruleus in SHR compared with Wistar rats. Norepinephrine 71-85 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 64-67 21317421-2 2011 Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a sympathetic co-transmitter of norepinephrine, improves contractility in mesenteric arteries of pre-hepatic portal hypertensive rats. Norepinephrine 54-68 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 21317421-2 2011 Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a sympathetic co-transmitter of norepinephrine, improves contractility in mesenteric arteries of pre-hepatic portal hypertensive rats. Norepinephrine 54-68 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 19933420-1 2010 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a cotransmitter with norepinephrine (NE) and ATP in sympathetic nerves. Norepinephrine 45-59 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 20868698-8 2011 In addition, NPY induced a stepped increase of norepinephrine (NE) outflow in the NAc area. Norepinephrine 47-61 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 13-16 21042571-1 2010 Neuropeptide Y (NPY), colocalized with norepinephrine neuron, is known to modulate sympathetic activity and feeding behavior. Norepinephrine 39-53 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 21042571-1 2010 Neuropeptide Y (NPY), colocalized with norepinephrine neuron, is known to modulate sympathetic activity and feeding behavior. Norepinephrine 39-53 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 19933420-1 2010 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a cotransmitter with norepinephrine (NE) and ATP in sympathetic nerves. Norepinephrine 45-59 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 18032527-12 2008 NPY and TH in vascular sympathetic nerves are likely to modulate NPY and/or norepinephrine release from these nerves and are thus likely to affect blood flow and blood pressure. Norepinephrine 76-90 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 16786106-1 2006 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) co-exists with norepinephrine (NE) in sympathetic terminals, and is the most abundant neuropeptide in myocardium. Norepinephrine 36-50 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 17804485-1 2007 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is coreleased with norepinephrine and stimulates vasoconstriction, vascular and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via Y1 receptors (R) and angiogenesis via Y2R. Norepinephrine 40-54 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 17804485-1 2007 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is coreleased with norepinephrine and stimulates vasoconstriction, vascular and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via Y1 receptors (R) and angiogenesis via Y2R. Norepinephrine 40-54 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 16786106-1 2006 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) co-exists with norepinephrine (NE) in sympathetic terminals, and is the most abundant neuropeptide in myocardium. Norepinephrine 36-50 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 15177927-0 2004 NPY and NPY Y1 receptor effects on noradrenaline overflow from the rat brain in vitro. Norepinephrine 35-48 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 8-11 15820203-2 2005 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and ATP are cotransmitters of norepinephrine (NE) and regulate renovascular resistance. Norepinephrine 51-65 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 15820203-2 2005 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and ATP are cotransmitters of norepinephrine (NE) and regulate renovascular resistance. Norepinephrine 51-65 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 15205164-4 2004 From the fact that norepinephrine acts on prejunctional alpha(2)-adrenoceptors to inhibit the evoked release of sympathetic cotransmitters, we carried out experiments in the presence of the alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor antagonist yohimbine to investigate the possibility that the decrease in NPY observed in the presence of l-NAME was due to the increase in bioactive norepinephrine acting on its autoreceptor. Norepinephrine 19-33 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 292-295 16810071-1 2006 The effect of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on the basal and nerve stimulation-induced increase in norepinephrine synthesis was studied in the isolated and perfused mesenteric arterial bed of the rat. Norepinephrine 90-104 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 14-28 16810071-1 2006 The effect of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on the basal and nerve stimulation-induced increase in norepinephrine synthesis was studied in the isolated and perfused mesenteric arterial bed of the rat. Norepinephrine 90-104 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 30-33 15567974-4 2004 RESULTS: In D1 ovaries, NPY, VIP or SP, both alone and with norepinephrine, generally decreased the release of Po. Norepinephrine 60-74 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 24-27 15567974-6 2004 In D2, NPY, VIP or SP, both alone and with norepinephrine, increased Po release. Norepinephrine 43-57 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 7-10 15567974-7 2004 The effect of NPY and SP was modified by norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 41-55 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 14-17 15177927-2 2004 The aim of this study was to investigate whether a functional interaction occurs among neuropeptide Y (NPY) at NPY Y1 receptors and noradrenaline overflow, as this may contribute to the regulation of appetite. Norepinephrine 132-145 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 87-101 15177927-2 2004 The aim of this study was to investigate whether a functional interaction occurs among neuropeptide Y (NPY) at NPY Y1 receptors and noradrenaline overflow, as this may contribute to the regulation of appetite. Norepinephrine 132-145 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 103-106 15177927-5 2004 Perfusion with NPY and [Leu31,Pro34]NPY significantly reduced noradrenaline overflow from the hypothalamus and medulla. Norepinephrine 62-75 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 15-18 15177927-5 2004 Perfusion with NPY and [Leu31,Pro34]NPY significantly reduced noradrenaline overflow from the hypothalamus and medulla. Norepinephrine 62-75 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 36-39 15177927-7 2004 Results from this study provide evidence of NPY Y1 receptor-mediated inhibition of noradrenaline release in the hypothalamus and medulla, further illustrating a complex interaction between neurotransmitters and neuropeptides within the rat brain. Norepinephrine 83-96 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 44-47 11911992-5 2002 NPY inhibited both the spontaneous activity and the excitatory effect of norepinephrine in injured DRG A-neurons. Norepinephrine 73-87 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 15090041-4 2004 The hindbrain NPY innervation of the hypothalamus is derived from cell bodies that coexpress norepinephrine or epinephrine. Norepinephrine 93-107 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 14-17 10784001-7 2000 NPY and PYY, but not PP, SP, CCK or GIP, inhibited the increase in glucose release by glucagon and noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 99-112 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 11922898-0 2002 Neuropeptide Y modifies the hypertrophic response of adult ventricular cardiomyocytes to norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 89-103 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 11922898-2 2002 On the other hand, neuropeptide Y (NPY), known to be co-secreted with norepinephrine from intramural nerve endings of the heart, exerts an anti-beta-adrenergic effect. Norepinephrine 70-84 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 19-33 11922898-2 2002 On the other hand, neuropeptide Y (NPY), known to be co-secreted with norepinephrine from intramural nerve endings of the heart, exerts an anti-beta-adrenergic effect. Norepinephrine 70-84 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 35-38 11922898-3 2002 Therefore, it should be expected that NPY enhances the hypertrophic response to norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 80-94 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 38-41 11922898-9 2002 In co-presence of NPY (100 nmol/l), however, norepinephrine increased protein synthesis by 44% and RNA synthesis by 18%. Norepinephrine 45-59 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 18-21 11922898-10 2002 Under the same conditions, NPY enhanced the effect of norepinephrine on cell volume from +6.4 to +18.2%, its effect on cross-sectional area from +16 to +23%, and increased the protein/DNA ratio from 32.5 to 35.6 mg/mg. Norepinephrine 54-68 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 27-30 11922898-11 2002 In parallel, norepinephrine caused a translocation of PKC-alpha and PKC-delta into the particular fractions and this effect of norepinephrine was also enhanced by co-presence of NPY. Norepinephrine 13-27 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 178-181 11922898-11 2002 In parallel, norepinephrine caused a translocation of PKC-alpha and PKC-delta into the particular fractions and this effect of norepinephrine was also enhanced by co-presence of NPY. Norepinephrine 127-141 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 178-181 11922898-13 2002 CONCLUSION: Our study indicates the anti-beta-adrenergic effect of NPY is sufficient to modulate the hypertrophic response of adult ventricular cardiomyocytes to norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 162-176 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 67-70 11922898-14 2002 The results suggest that the hypertrophic effect of norepinephrine via alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation can be modulated by co-release of NPY from intramural nerve endings. Norepinephrine 52-66 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 136-139 11448843-5 2001 Arterial pressure increases, in response to norepinephrine injection, were greater in the NPY-tg rats. Norepinephrine 44-58 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 90-93 11448843-7 2001 These results indicate that NPY, when expressed in increased amounts, potentiates the pressor effects of norepinephrine and contributes to maintaining blood pressure during hemorrhage, but it does not alter resting blood pressure. Norepinephrine 105-119 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 28-31 11448843-8 2001 These transgenic rats will facilitate studies of the role of NPY signaling in cardiovascular regulation, particularly regarding its functional cooperation with norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 160-174 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 61-64 11164766-0 2001 NPY Y1 receptors exert opposite effects on corticotropin releasing factor and noradrenaline overflow from the rat hypothalamus in vitro. Norepinephrine 78-91 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 11164766-2 2001 NPY is co-localised with noradrenaline in the central nervous system and has been observed to modulate noradrenaline release. Norepinephrine 25-38 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 11164766-2 2001 NPY is co-localised with noradrenaline in the central nervous system and has been observed to modulate noradrenaline release. Norepinephrine 103-116 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 11164766-4 2001 Earlier in vivo studies in our laboratory showed a potentiation of K(+)-stimulated noradrenaline release following NPY administration, possibly due to an NPY Y1 receptor mechanism. Norepinephrine 83-96 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 115-118 11164766-4 2001 Earlier in vivo studies in our laboratory showed a potentiation of K(+)-stimulated noradrenaline release following NPY administration, possibly due to an NPY Y1 receptor mechanism. Norepinephrine 83-96 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 154-157 11164766-6 2001 Administration of 0.10 microM NPY significantly increased CRF overflow to 395% basal levels and reduced hypothalamic noradrenaline overflow to 61% of basal levels. Norepinephrine 117-130 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 30-33 11164766-8 2001 Thus, this study suggests that NPY, working through a Y1 receptor, has dual and opposing effects on CRF and noradrenaline overflow in vitro. Norepinephrine 108-121 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 31-34 10871293-3 2000 Norepinephrine-induced contraction was enhanced by NPY (0.1 microM). Norepinephrine 0-14 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 51-54 11334870-2 2001 The renal vasoconstrictor response to neuropeptide Y in anaesthetized rats was dose-dependently antagonized by H 394/84 (ID(50) value=41+/-4 nmol/kg/min), whereas the renal vascular responses to noradrenaline and angiotensin II were only slightly affected by H 394/84 (500 nmol/kg/min). Norepinephrine 195-208 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 38-52 11054234-2 2000 The vasoactive peptide neuropeptide Y (NPY) is co-released with and potentiates the pressor effects of norepinephrine through the Y-1 receptor. Norepinephrine 103-117 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 23-37 11054234-2 2000 The vasoactive peptide neuropeptide Y (NPY) is co-released with and potentiates the pressor effects of norepinephrine through the Y-1 receptor. Norepinephrine 103-117 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 39-42 10780975-1 2000 Simultaneous measurements of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and tension were performed to clarify whether the mechanisms which cause the neuropeptide Y (NPY)-elicited contraction and potentiation of noradrenaline contractions, and the NPY inhibition of forskolin responses are linked to a single or different NPY receptor(s) in rat mesenteric small arteries. Norepinephrine 218-231 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 156-170 10780975-1 2000 Simultaneous measurements of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and tension were performed to clarify whether the mechanisms which cause the neuropeptide Y (NPY)-elicited contraction and potentiation of noradrenaline contractions, and the NPY inhibition of forskolin responses are linked to a single or different NPY receptor(s) in rat mesenteric small arteries. Norepinephrine 218-231 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 172-175 10780975-4 2000 NPY (0.1 microM) caused a near 3 fold increase in sensitivity to noradrenaline but did not significantly modify the tension-[Ca(2+)](i) relationship for this agonist. Norepinephrine 65-78 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 10780975-5 2000 BIBP 3226 competitively antagonized the contractile response to NPY in arteries submaximally preconstricted with noradrenaline (pA(2) 7.87+/-0.20). Norepinephrine 113-126 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 64-67 10784001-0 2000 Neuropeptide Y and peptide YY, but not pancreatic polypeptide, substance P, cholecystokinin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide, inhibit the glucagon- and noradrenaline-dependent increase in glucose output in rat liver. Norepinephrine 154-167 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-29 10784001-9 2000 Only portal NPY and PYY enhanced slightly the noradrenaline-dependent reduction of portal flow. Norepinephrine 46-59 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 12-15 10784001-11 2000 NPY and PYY act as signal factors of the absorptive phase function as antagonists of the postabsorptive glucose regulatory hormones glucagon and noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 145-158 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 10642831-1 1999 We aimed at characterizing the receptor subtype and the signaling pathway involved in the inhibitory effect of neuropeptide Y on the release of endogenous noradrenaline from rat hypothalamus. Norepinephrine 155-168 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 111-125 10642831-0 1999 Neuropeptide Y induced inhibition of noradrenaline release in rat hypothalamus: role of receptor subtype and nitric oxide. Norepinephrine 37-50 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 10642831-4 1999 Neuropeptide Y inhibited concentration dependently the stimulated noradrenaline release. Norepinephrine 66-79 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 10642831-5 1999 Similarly, agonists for neuropeptide Y Y1, Y2 and Y5 receptors inhibited noradrenaline release, albeit with a potency lower than neuropeptide Y. Norepinephrine 73-86 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 24-38 10642831-9 1999 NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, abolished NO release and blocked the inhibitory effect of neuropeptide Y on noradrenaline release. Norepinephrine 141-154 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 123-137 10336522-1 1999 Although abundant literature supports the notion that neuropeptide Y (NPY) synergizes in vivo and in vitro, the vasomotor activity elicited by norepinephrine (NE), the converse interaction (i.e., the adrenergic modulation of the NPY vasomotor response) has been less characterized. Norepinephrine 143-157 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 70-73 10541052-9 1999 Our results suggest that: (1) total innervation of the thymus increases with age; (2) ANF do not change with age; (3) the content of noradrenaline in the thymus increases with age; and (4) NPY-like immunoreactive structures in the thymus decrease with age. Norepinephrine 133-146 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 189-192 10469461-18 1999 These results together with the available literature show that NPY is a sympathetic transmitter, and its actions in the pineal gland are, therefore, associated with the well-documented roles of noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 194-207 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 63-66 10361855-1 1999 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and ATP are cotransmitters of norepinephrine (NE). Norepinephrine 51-65 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 10361855-1 1999 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and ATP are cotransmitters of norepinephrine (NE). Norepinephrine 51-65 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 10068164-4 1999 In sympathetic neurons, NPY is colocalized and coreleased with norepinephrine (NE) at peripheral sites of action. Norepinephrine 63-77 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 24-27 9282927-0 1997 Stimulation of the sympathetic perimesenteric arterial nerves releases neuropeptide Y potentiating the vasomotor activity of noradrenaline: involvement of neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptors. Norepinephrine 125-138 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 71-85 10810506-1 1999 NPY is considered to play an important role in pineal function, because it is co-stored with the dominant pineal transmitter noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 125-138 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 10810506-8 1999 These results together with the available literature imply that NPY under certain conditions is co-released with noradrenaline and exerts its actions either presynaptically or on the pinealocyte through a Y1 receptor. Norepinephrine 113-126 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 64-67 10810506-9 1999 The available data indicate that NPY has no effect alone, but acts in concert with noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 83-96 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 33-36 9696062-2 1998 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is found in cell bodies of neurons in the brain and co-localized with noradrenaline (NA) in sympathetic nerves as well as with NA and adrenaline (A) in the adrenal chromaffin cells. Norepinephrine 91-104 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 9696062-2 1998 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is found in cell bodies of neurons in the brain and co-localized with noradrenaline (NA) in sympathetic nerves as well as with NA and adrenaline (A) in the adrenal chromaffin cells. Norepinephrine 91-104 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 9374743-3 1997 The Y1 agonist [Leu31,Pro34]NPY caused a dose-dependent constriction of iris arterioles (50% effective concentration of 10(-8) M), but, at low concentrations (10(-9) and 10(-10) M), it failed to potentiate either submaximal responses to norepinephrine (10(-6) M) or submaximal, noradrenergic responses to nerve stimulation. Norepinephrine 237-251 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 28-31 9374743-4 1997 In contrast, 10(-7) M [Leu31,Pro34]NPY potentiated submaximal, noradrenergic responses to nerve stimulation (10 Hz, < or = 1 s) and to a concentration of norepinephrine (10(-7) M) which produced only small contractions. Norepinephrine 157-171 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 35-38 9374743-9 1997 Results suggest that NPY, released from sympathetic nerves during long-duration, high-frequency stimulation, activates Y1 receptors on iris arterioles to produce vasoconstriction and to potentiate responses to low concentrations of norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 232-246 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 21-24 9334910-6 1997 The reactivity to noradrenaline was tested by cumulative application (10(-9) to 3 x 10(-4) M) before and after a single concentration of neuropeptide Y (NPY). Norepinephrine 18-31 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 137-151 9334910-6 1997 The reactivity to noradrenaline was tested by cumulative application (10(-9) to 3 x 10(-4) M) before and after a single concentration of neuropeptide Y (NPY). Norepinephrine 18-31 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 153-156 9334910-8 1997 The effect of noradrenaline after NPY was unchanged in renal vessels of control rats, whereas it was diminished in intrarenal vessels for both diabetic and control rats. Norepinephrine 14-27 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 34-37 9334910-12 1997 NPY decreased the contractile response to noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 42-55 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 9802414-2 1998 In rat aortic A10 cell line, NPY"s potency was greater than that of norepinephrine, and efficacy similar to that of platelet-derived growth factor, but less than that of the full serum, in stimulating cell proliferation; this effect was optimal in cell 60-80% cell density. Norepinephrine 68-82 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 29-32 9408006-4 1997 Neuropeptide Y, even in subspasmogenic concentrations, potentiated contractions evoked by acetylcholine, guanethidine and noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 122-135 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 9408006-7 1997 Neuropeptide Y (> 10 nM) caused a concentration-dependent potentiation of electrical field stimulation-evoked contraction alone, matching its potentiation of noradrenaline-evoked contraction. Norepinephrine 161-174 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 9282927-0 1997 Stimulation of the sympathetic perimesenteric arterial nerves releases neuropeptide Y potentiating the vasomotor activity of noradrenaline: involvement of neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptors. Norepinephrine 125-138 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 155-169 8780041-0 1996 Changes of neuropeptide Y messenger RNA and peptide by drugs influencing endogenous norepinephrine content in cerebrocortex of the rat. Norepinephrine 84-98 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 11-25 9098556-0 1997 Neuropeptide Y and [Leu31,Pro34]neuropeptide Y potentiate potassium-induced noradrenaline release in the paraventricular nucleus of the aged rat. Norepinephrine 76-89 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 9098556-0 1997 Neuropeptide Y and [Leu31,Pro34]neuropeptide Y potentiate potassium-induced noradrenaline release in the paraventricular nucleus of the aged rat. Norepinephrine 76-89 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 32-46 9098556-1 1997 This microdialysis study investigated the effects of NPY and the Y1 selective agonist [Leu31, Pro34]NPY on basal and potassium-stimulated noradrenaline release in the PVN of 18-month-old anaesthetised male Sprague-Dawley rats. Norepinephrine 138-151 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 100-103 9098556-4 1997 [Leu31, Pro34]NPY produced a significant 40% reduction in basal noradrenaline concentration (P < 0.05). Norepinephrine 64-77 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 14-17 9098556-6 1997 [Leu31, Pro34]NPY induced a significantly greater release of noradrenaline in response to KC1 (5.0 times resting, P < 0.05). Norepinephrine 61-74 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 14-17 9098556-7 1997 Thus, in 18-month-old animals with reduced endogenous hypothalamic NPY content, administration of NPY or [Leu31, Pro34]NPY increased potassium-induced noradrenaline release to levels seen in 3-month-old rats. Norepinephrine 151-164 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 98-101 9098556-7 1997 Thus, in 18-month-old animals with reduced endogenous hypothalamic NPY content, administration of NPY or [Leu31, Pro34]NPY increased potassium-induced noradrenaline release to levels seen in 3-month-old rats. Norepinephrine 151-164 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 98-101 8934559-2 1996 NPY exerts vasoconstrictor action together with noradrenalin and has been found to inhibit the release of neurotransmitters from primary afferent fibers. Norepinephrine 48-60 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 8945753-2 1996 Cerebral NPY content was changed by drugs influencing endogenous norepinephrine (NE) in rats. Norepinephrine 65-79 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 9-12 8829134-0 1996 Neuropeptide Y perfused in the preoptic area of rats shifts extracellular efflux of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin during hypothermia and feeding. Norepinephrine 94-108 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 9278773-12 1997 In addition, neuropeptide Y also potentiated the response to noradrenaline, i.e. lowered its EC50 but this enhancement was also small. Norepinephrine 61-74 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 13-27 9278773-14 1997 We conclude that noradrenaline contracts rat interlobar arteries by an alpha(1)A-adrenoceptor; its co-transmitter, neuropeptide Y, affects the response only marginally in this vascular bed. Norepinephrine 17-30 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 115-129 8636570-3 1996 Neuropeptide Y inhibits the release of norepinephrine at the presynaptic level and can be considered to act as a neuromodulator. Norepinephrine 39-53 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 8636570-9 1996 RESULTS: The concentration of norepinephrine measured in the samples was decreased by 50% with neuropeptide Y in 2- and 4-week old rats after infarction, but by only 20% (p < 0.05) in 8-week old rats after infraction. Norepinephrine 30-44 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 95-109 8636570-10 1996 The diminished inhibitory effects of neuropeptide Y on norepinephrine release was associated with increased sympathetic activity, as reflected by plasma norepinephrine; 8-week old rats after infarction had almost a 100% (p < 0.05) increase in their plasma norepinephrine level compared with the sham group. Norepinephrine 55-69 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 37-51 8636570-10 1996 The diminished inhibitory effects of neuropeptide Y on norepinephrine release was associated with increased sympathetic activity, as reflected by plasma norepinephrine; 8-week old rats after infarction had almost a 100% (p < 0.05) increase in their plasma norepinephrine level compared with the sham group. Norepinephrine 153-167 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 37-51 8636570-10 1996 The diminished inhibitory effects of neuropeptide Y on norepinephrine release was associated with increased sympathetic activity, as reflected by plasma norepinephrine; 8-week old rats after infarction had almost a 100% (p < 0.05) increase in their plasma norepinephrine level compared with the sham group. Norepinephrine 153-167 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 37-51 8636570-12 1996 CONCLUSIONS: The data presented in this report suggest that the reduction of the inhibitory activation of neuropeptide Y on sympathetic release may contribute to elevated norepinephrine levels after myocardial infarction. Norepinephrine 171-185 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 106-120 8904082-3 1996 In the presence of a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, norepinephrine augmented the effects of neuropeptide Y. Norepinephrine 51-65 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 91-105 8813249-1 1996 The purpose of the present investigation was to ascertain the functional significance of the reduction in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in the inhibitory action of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on [3H]noradrenaline ([3H]NA) release, as well as to further characterize the subtype(s) of NPY receptors involved in the peptide"s actions in the rat vas deferens. Norepinephrine 187-200 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 159-173 8813249-1 1996 The purpose of the present investigation was to ascertain the functional significance of the reduction in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in the inhibitory action of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on [3H]noradrenaline ([3H]NA) release, as well as to further characterize the subtype(s) of NPY receptors involved in the peptide"s actions in the rat vas deferens. Norepinephrine 187-200 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 175-178 8813249-0 1996 Neuropeptide Y inhibits 3[H]noradrenaline release in the rat vas deferens independently of cAMP levels. Norepinephrine 28-41 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 8637180-1 1995 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and ATP are considered cotransmitters with norepinephrine (NE) in sympathetic neurons innervating some blood vessels, including those of the mesentery. Norepinephrine 64-78 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 8692287-6 1996 In addition to its direct vasoconstricting effects NPY also lowered the noradrenaline EC50 but did not appreciably affect maximal noradrenaline responses indicating possible potentiation. Norepinephrine 72-85 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 51-54 8554738-0 1995 Sodium ions attenuate the inhibitory effects of neuropeptide Y on norepinephrine release in rat hypothalamus. Norepinephrine 66-80 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 48-62 8554738-3 1995 In an in vitro study, NPY significantly inhibited the stimulation-evoked norepinephrine release from hypothalamic slices in a dose-dependent manner. Norepinephrine 73-87 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 22-25 8554738-6 1995 The blockade of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors by RX 781094 diminished the inhibitory effects of NPY on norepinephrine release. Norepinephrine 102-116 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 95-98 8554738-7 1995 Pretreatment of slices with pertussis toxin (a potent inhibitor of the Gi-proteins) significantly attenuated the suppressive effects of NPY and UK 14,304 on norepinephrine release. Norepinephrine 157-171 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 136-139 8554738-8 1995 When the sodium concentration of the perfusion medium was increased, the inhibitory effects of NPY and UK 14,304 on norepinephrine release were significantly reduced. Norepinephrine 116-130 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 95-98 8554738-9 1995 These results show that NPY might inhibit norepinephrine release that is partially mediated by alpha 2-adrenergic receptors and the pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi-proteins in rat hypothalamus. Norepinephrine 42-56 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 24-27 8554738-10 1995 Moreover, less suppressive effects of NPY and UK 14,304 on norepinephrine release in the presence of excess sodium ions suggest that sodium ions might actively participate in regulating the NPY and alpha 2-adrenergic receptor mediated functions in the central nervous system. Norepinephrine 59-73 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 38-41 8637180-1 1995 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and ATP are considered cotransmitters with norepinephrine (NE) in sympathetic neurons innervating some blood vessels, including those of the mesentery. Norepinephrine 64-78 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 7562541-5 1995 The NPY-mediated potentiation of the noradrenaline elicited increase in perfusion pressure in the rat mesenteric bed was antagonized with an IC50 value of 976 (542-1760) nM. Norepinephrine 37-50 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 4-7 8528707-11 1995 In non-proestrous rats, NPY also enhanced the pressor response to norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 66-80 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 24-27 7496795-3 1995 This microdialysis study examined whether NPY can modulate rat PVN noradrenaline release in vivo, as has been shown in vitro. Norepinephrine 67-80 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 42-45 7496795-8 1995 This raises the possibility that NPY may potentiate rather than inhibit brain noradrenaline release in vivo. Norepinephrine 78-91 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 33-36 8528707-12 1995 Thus, NPY interacts centrally with norepinephrine in vasopressin release and cardiovascular function and this effect is dependent upon gender and phase of the estrous cycle. Norepinephrine 35-49 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 6-9 7596229-3 1995 We therefore studied the effect of NPY infusion on the suppressed pressor effect of norepinephrine (NE), angiotensin II (AII), vasopressin (VP), and endothelin (ET) in conscious endotoxemic rats. Norepinephrine 84-98 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 35-38 8542306-0 1995 Intracerebroventricular administration of neuropeptide Y inhibits release of noradrenaline in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus caused by manual restraint in the rat through an opioid system. Norepinephrine 77-90 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 42-56 7731501-1 1995 It is well known that the adrenal medulla contains high concentrations of neuropeptide Y (NPY) where it coexists with epinephrine and norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 134-148 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 74-88 7731501-1 1995 It is well known that the adrenal medulla contains high concentrations of neuropeptide Y (NPY) where it coexists with epinephrine and norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 134-148 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 90-93 7858880-0 1994 Presence of neuropeptide Y in the rat seminal vesicle and its effects on noradrenaline- and nerve-induced contractions. Norepinephrine 73-86 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 12-26 7898071-1 1994 We wished to determine if chronic neuropeptide Y (NPY) infusion (1 ng/min for 1 week by Alzet minipump) could decrease plasma renin activity (PRA) and norepinephrine (NE) in a rat myocardial infarction (MI) model of moderate compensated congestive heart failure (CHF). Norepinephrine 151-165 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 34-48 7898071-1 1994 We wished to determine if chronic neuropeptide Y (NPY) infusion (1 ng/min for 1 week by Alzet minipump) could decrease plasma renin activity (PRA) and norepinephrine (NE) in a rat myocardial infarction (MI) model of moderate compensated congestive heart failure (CHF). Norepinephrine 151-165 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 50-53 7880876-1 1994 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is co-released with norepinephrine (NE) from sympathetic neurons, which innervate blood vessels, and acts to potentiate NE-induced smooth muscle contraction. Norepinephrine 41-55 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 7828007-4 1994 During and after feeding, NPY enhanced the feeding-induced insulin response (P < 0.01) and attenuated the feeding-induced norepinephrine response (P < 0.05). Norepinephrine 125-139 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 26-29 7813553-0 1994 Heterogeneity of prejunctional neuropeptide Y receptors inhibiting noradrenaline overflow in the portal vein of freely moving rats. Norepinephrine 67-80 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 31-45 7813553-2 1994 Neuropeptide Y dose dependently (2-2000 ng/kg/min) attenuated the electrically evoked noradrenaline overflow and almost complete blockade was reached at the highest dose used. Norepinephrine 86-99 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 7813553-5 1994 Only at the highest dose did neuropeptide Y (2000 ng/kg/min) and [Leu31,Pro34]neuropeptide Y (20,000 ng/kg/min) significantly enhance mean arterial pressure and decrease heart rate and basal plasma noradrenaline levels, the latter two effects being due to the baroreceptor reflex. Norepinephrine 198-211 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 29-43 7813553-5 1994 Only at the highest dose did neuropeptide Y (2000 ng/kg/min) and [Leu31,Pro34]neuropeptide Y (20,000 ng/kg/min) significantly enhance mean arterial pressure and decrease heart rate and basal plasma noradrenaline levels, the latter two effects being due to the baroreceptor reflex. Norepinephrine 198-211 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 78-92 7813553-7 1994 The results indicate the presence of prejunctional neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors, and possibly the coexistence of Y1 and Y2 receptors, in the portal vein of freely moving rats, which in conjunction are able to inhibit markedly electrically evoked noradrenaline overflow. Norepinephrine 245-258 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 51-65 7880876-1 1994 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is co-released with norepinephrine (NE) from sympathetic neurons, which innervate blood vessels, and acts to potentiate NE-induced smooth muscle contraction. Norepinephrine 41-55 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 8189249-1 1994 Neuropeptide Y is colocalized with noradrenaline in sympathetic fibers innervating the rat pineal gland. Norepinephrine 35-48 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 7976403-0 1994 Inhibition of neuropeptide Y-induced augmentation of noradrenaline-induced vasoconstriction by D-myo-inositol 1,2,6-trisphosphate in the rat mesenteric arterial bed. Norepinephrine 53-66 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 14-28 7976403-2 1994 Neuropeptide Y (1 and 10 nM) had no direct postjunctional effects, but augmented vasoconstrictor responses to noradrenaline and to sympathetic nerve stimulation to an extent which was greater with the higher concentration of neuropeptide Y. Norepinephrine 110-123 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 7976403-3 1994 The augmenting effect of neuropeptide Y at 1 nM on vasoconstriction induced by lower doses of noradrenaline was antagonized by alpha-trinositol (1 microM), producing a shift to the right of the dose-response curve. Norepinephrine 94-107 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 25-39 7976403-5 1994 Augmentation by the higher concentration of neuropeptide Y (10 nM) of noradrenaline-induced vasoconstriction was not affected by alpha-trinositol at concentrations of up to 10 microM. Norepinephrine 70-83 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 44-58 7976403-10 1994 These results suggest that alpha-trinositol can be a useful functional antagonist of neuropeptide Y-induced augmentation of vasoconstrictor responses to noradrenaline in the rat mesenteric arterial bed. Norepinephrine 153-166 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 85-99 8189249-3 1994 At the presynaptic level, neuropeptide Y inhibits by 45%, with an EC50 of 50 nM, the potassium-evoked noradrenaline release from pineal nerve endings. Norepinephrine 102-115 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 26-40 8189249-4 1994 This neuropeptide Y inhibition occurs via the activation of pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein-coupled neuropeptide Y-Y2 receptors and is independent from, but additive to, the alpha 2-adrenergic inhibition of noradrenaline release. Norepinephrine 211-224 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 5-19 8015353-6 1994 We suggest that the ability of neuropeptide Y to augment norepinephrine-induced contraction of the rat tail artery is due, at least in part, to the ability of neuropeptide Y to increase norepinephrine-stimulated phospholipase C activity in vascular smooth muscle and may represent the mechanism of action of this co-neurotransmitter in vivo. Norepinephrine 57-71 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 31-45 7909929-1 1994 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is found to be costored with norepinephrine (NE) in vesicles of the nerve terminals. Norepinephrine 50-64 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 7909929-1 1994 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is found to be costored with norepinephrine (NE) in vesicles of the nerve terminals. Norepinephrine 50-64 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 8193992-0 1994 Altered neuropeptide Y effects on noradrenaline levels in the paraventricular nucleus of rats following aortic constriction. Norepinephrine 34-47 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 8-22 8193992-3 1994 Since noradrenaline-containing neurons involved with cardiovascular regulation within the brain are known to coexist with NPY, it is possible that a functional interaction between NPY and noradrenaline exists centrally. Norepinephrine 6-19 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 122-125 8193992-3 1994 Since noradrenaline-containing neurons involved with cardiovascular regulation within the brain are known to coexist with NPY, it is possible that a functional interaction between NPY and noradrenaline exists centrally. Norepinephrine 6-19 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 180-183 8193992-3 1994 Since noradrenaline-containing neurons involved with cardiovascular regulation within the brain are known to coexist with NPY, it is possible that a functional interaction between NPY and noradrenaline exists centrally. Norepinephrine 188-201 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 122-125 8193992-13 1994 Infusion of NPY resulted in a reduction of noradrenaline concentration in sham animals (P < 0.05), whereas no change in noradrenaline concentration was evident in the aortic-constricted group. Norepinephrine 43-56 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 12-15 8190350-5 1994 Present data support the hypothesis that adrenaline and/or noradrenaline could mediate the effects of both NPY and VIP on aldosterone secretion via beta 1 adrenergic receptors; alternatively, the steroidogenic effect of NPY or VIP could be related to direct interaction between NPY- or VIP-specific binding sites, present on the capsule/glomerular zone of the rat adrenal cortex, and beta 1 adrenergic receptors. Norepinephrine 59-72 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 107-110 8015353-0 1994 Neuropeptide Y potentiates norepinephrine-stimulated inositol phosphate production in the rat tail artery. Norepinephrine 27-41 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 8015353-1 1994 We have recently demonstrated the ability of neuropeptide Y to augment norepinephrine-stimulated contractions of the rat tail artery. Norepinephrine 71-85 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 45-59 8015353-5 1994 When neuropeptide Y and norepinephrine were added together, the norepinephrine-stimulated increase in [3H]inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate was significantly augmented (467 +/- 35% of control) as was the increase measured in total [3H]inositol phosphates (366 +/- 21% of control). Norepinephrine 64-78 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 5-19 8015353-6 1994 We suggest that the ability of neuropeptide Y to augment norepinephrine-induced contraction of the rat tail artery is due, at least in part, to the ability of neuropeptide Y to increase norepinephrine-stimulated phospholipase C activity in vascular smooth muscle and may represent the mechanism of action of this co-neurotransmitter in vivo. Norepinephrine 57-71 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 159-173 8015353-6 1994 We suggest that the ability of neuropeptide Y to augment norepinephrine-induced contraction of the rat tail artery is due, at least in part, to the ability of neuropeptide Y to increase norepinephrine-stimulated phospholipase C activity in vascular smooth muscle and may represent the mechanism of action of this co-neurotransmitter in vivo. Norepinephrine 186-200 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 31-45 8015353-6 1994 We suggest that the ability of neuropeptide Y to augment norepinephrine-induced contraction of the rat tail artery is due, at least in part, to the ability of neuropeptide Y to increase norepinephrine-stimulated phospholipase C activity in vascular smooth muscle and may represent the mechanism of action of this co-neurotransmitter in vivo. Norepinephrine 186-200 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 159-173 7907499-1 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a sympathetic cotransmitter and a platelet-derived factor which causes vasoconstriction, potentiation of norepinephrine (NE) action, and vascular mitogenic effects. Norepinephrine 129-143 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 7907499-1 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a sympathetic cotransmitter and a platelet-derived factor which causes vasoconstriction, potentiation of norepinephrine (NE) action, and vascular mitogenic effects. Norepinephrine 129-143 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 8275307-0 1993 Age-related changes of noradrenergic-NPY interaction in rat brain: norepinephrine, NPY levels and alpha-adrenoceptors. Norepinephrine 67-81 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 37-40 8241363-1 1993 The hypothesis that neuropeptide Y (NPY) potentiates noradrenaline (NA)-induced vascular force development by increasing free intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) was tested in rat mesenteric resistance arteries. Norepinephrine 53-66 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 20-34 8241363-1 1993 The hypothesis that neuropeptide Y (NPY) potentiates noradrenaline (NA)-induced vascular force development by increasing free intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) was tested in rat mesenteric resistance arteries. Norepinephrine 53-66 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 36-39 8114954-0 1993 Neuropeptide Y potentiates via Y2-receptors the inhibitory effect of noradrenaline in rat locus coeruleus neurones. Norepinephrine 69-82 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 8114954-3 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY), its C-terminal fragment NPY (16-36) and peptide YY (PYY), at a concentration of 0.1 mumol/l all, potentiated the effect of noradrenaline, while [Leu31, Pro34]NPY (0.1 mumol/l) was inactive. Norepinephrine 145-158 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 8114954-3 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY), its C-terminal fragment NPY (16-36) and peptide YY (PYY), at a concentration of 0.1 mumol/l all, potentiated the effect of noradrenaline, while [Leu31, Pro34]NPY (0.1 mumol/l) was inactive. Norepinephrine 145-158 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 8114954-3 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY), its C-terminal fragment NPY (16-36) and peptide YY (PYY), at a concentration of 0.1 mumol/l all, potentiated the effect of noradrenaline, while [Leu31, Pro34]NPY (0.1 mumol/l) was inactive. Norepinephrine 145-158 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 46-49 8114954-3 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY), its C-terminal fragment NPY (16-36) and peptide YY (PYY), at a concentration of 0.1 mumol/l all, potentiated the effect of noradrenaline, while [Leu31, Pro34]NPY (0.1 mumol/l) was inactive. Norepinephrine 145-158 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 46-49 8405129-2 1993 While perfusion with 0.1 nM neuropeptide Y significantly increased the maximal noradrenaline-evoked vasoconstriction without modifying its EC50, 10 nM neuropeptide Y potentiated the maximal noradrenaline effect and significantly shifted its concentration-response curve to the left. Norepinephrine 79-92 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 28-42 8214124-2 1993 Because norepinephrine, contained within central neurons involved in cardiovascular sympathetic regulation, is known to coexist with neuropeptide Y, it is possible that a functional interaction between neuropeptide Y and norepinephrine exists within the brain. Norepinephrine 8-22 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 202-216 8214124-2 1993 Because norepinephrine, contained within central neurons involved in cardiovascular sympathetic regulation, is known to coexist with neuropeptide Y, it is possible that a functional interaction between neuropeptide Y and norepinephrine exists within the brain. Norepinephrine 221-235 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 133-147 8254175-10 1993 Furthermore, alpha-trinositol treatment completely inhibited the potentiation induced by neuropeptide Y (0.1 micrograms/min for 30 min) of the blood pressure responses to intravenous bolus injections of noradrenaline (20 ng), tyramine (40 micrograms) or angiotensin II (10 ng). Norepinephrine 203-216 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 89-103 8371140-1 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid peptide that is colocalized and released with norepinephrine (NE) from central and peripheral adrenergic neurons and has been suggested to contribute to the control of vascular tone. Norepinephrine 86-100 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 8371140-1 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid peptide that is colocalized and released with norepinephrine (NE) from central and peripheral adrenergic neurons and has been suggested to contribute to the control of vascular tone. Norepinephrine 86-100 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 8405129-0 1993 D-myo-inositol 1,2,6-trisphosphate blocks neuropeptide Y-induced facilitation of noradrenaline-evoked vasoconstriction of the mesenteric bed. Norepinephrine 81-94 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 42-56 8405129-1 1993 Perfusion of the rat mesenteric bed with 0.1 or 10 nM neuropeptide Y potentiated the noradrenaline-induced increase in mesenteric pressure; the peptide did not modify basal perfusion pressure. Norepinephrine 85-98 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 54-68 8405129-2 1993 While perfusion with 0.1 nM neuropeptide Y significantly increased the maximal noradrenaline-evoked vasoconstriction without modifying its EC50, 10 nM neuropeptide Y potentiated the maximal noradrenaline effect and significantly shifted its concentration-response curve to the left. Norepinephrine 190-203 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 151-165 8405129-3 1993 Perfusion with 1-10 microM D-myo-inositol 1,2,6-trisphosphate (alpha-trinositol) reduced, in a concentration-dependent fashion, the neuropeptide Y-induced potentiation of the noradrenaline-evoked vasoconstriction without altering the potency or maximal response evoked by the catecholamine alone. Norepinephrine 175-188 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 132-146 8405129-4 1993 Perfusion with 0.1 nM neuropeptide Y plus 1 microM alpha-trinositol completely abolished the neuropeptide Y-induced facilitation of the noradrenaline effect. Norepinephrine 136-149 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 22-36 8405129-4 1993 Perfusion with 0.1 nM neuropeptide Y plus 1 microM alpha-trinositol completely abolished the neuropeptide Y-induced facilitation of the noradrenaline effect. Norepinephrine 136-149 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 93-107 8405129-5 1993 alpha-Trinositol 1 microM in the presence of 10 nM neuropeptide Y caused a nonparallel rightward shift of the noradrenaline concentration-response curve as compared to that obtained in the presence of 10 nM neuropeptide Y alone. Norepinephrine 110-123 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 51-65 8402398-3 1993 Systemically, NPY has been demonstrated to act synergistically with norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 68-82 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 14-17 8402398-5 1993 The objectives of this study were to determine if NPY injected directly into the hypothalamus elicits cardiovascular responses and (or) if the simultaneous administration of NPY with norepinephrine alters the cardiovascular responses elicited by norepinephrine alone. Norepinephrine 246-260 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 174-177 8483806-1 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a vasoconstrictor released with norepinephrine from perivascular sympathetic nerves. Norepinephrine 56-70 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 8474636-8 1993 These findings, which are similar to those observed previously with PVN injections of norepinephrine (NE), suggest that: (1) NPY receptors in the PVN, like alpha 2-noradrenergic receptors, are functional very early in the postnatal development of the rat; (2) NPY, in addition to its orexigenic effect, produces a small but significant dipsogenic effect; and (3) NPY may function cooperatively with NE in the PVN to stimulate feeding and drinking beginning at a very early age. Norepinephrine 86-100 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 125-128 8483806-1 1993 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a vasoconstrictor released with norepinephrine from perivascular sympathetic nerves. Norepinephrine 56-70 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 8095104-11 1993 In view of the vasoconstrictive properties of both NPY and noradrenaline, it may be assumed that the abundance of NPY- and TH-immunoreactive nerves fibers in blood vessel walls reflects a vasoregulatory activity. Norepinephrine 59-72 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 114-117 1436133-5 1992 Pressure ejection of noradrenaline produced hyperpolarization which was potentiated in the presence of NPY (0.1 mumol/l). Norepinephrine 21-34 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 103-106 1359017-2 1992 NPY inhibited the intracellular cAMP accumulation stimulated by isoproterenol and norepinephrine in a dose-dependent manner during a 10-min incubation of pinealocytes. Norepinephrine 82-96 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 1461360-0 1992 Norepinephrine, dopamine, and 5-HT release from perfused hypothalamus of the rat during feeding induced by neuropeptide Y. Norepinephrine 0-14 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 107-121 1436133-6 1992 Hence, NPY appears to inhibit the release of noradrenaline from dendrites or recurrent axon collaterals of LC neurones. Norepinephrine 45-58 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 7-10 1325509-4 1992 Plasma NPY-li levels were also correlated with norepinephrine levels only in hypertensive rats, but were correlated with epinephrine levels only in normotensive animals. Norepinephrine 47-61 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 7-10 1330166-7 1992 NPY (0.1-0.3 microM) enhanced only the contractile responses to low doses of noradrenaline (NA, 0.003-0.01 microM). Norepinephrine 77-90 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 1325509-6 1992 CONCLUSIONS: In DOCA-salt hypertensive rats, increased plasma NPY-li levels originate primarily from the sympathetic nerves, since those levels were correlated exclusively with circulating norepinephrine levels and they were associated with a reduction in NPY-li content of the heart and mesenteric artery. Norepinephrine 189-203 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 62-65 1604044-2 1992 Some anesthetic agents are known to modify plasma levels of catecholamines; moreover NPY is co-released with noradrenaline or adrenaline under certain conditions. Norepinephrine 109-122 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 85-88 1351098-1 1992 Earlier investigation of the vascular actions of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) led us to propose that distinct receptors mediated the prejunctional inhibition of periarterial nerve-stimulated norepinephrine (NE) release and the postjunctional potentiation of the increase in perfusion pressure elicited by vasoconstrictors. Norepinephrine 183-197 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 49-63 1351098-1 1992 Earlier investigation of the vascular actions of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) led us to propose that distinct receptors mediated the prejunctional inhibition of periarterial nerve-stimulated norepinephrine (NE) release and the postjunctional potentiation of the increase in perfusion pressure elicited by vasoconstrictors. Norepinephrine 183-197 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 65-68 1537296-0 1992 Norepinephrine release in the immature ovary is regulated by autoreceptors and neuropeptide-Y. Norepinephrine 0-14 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 79-93 1537296-1 1992 Experiments were undertaken to study the role that neuropeptide-Y (NPY) and adrenergic autoreceptors may play in the regulation of norepinephrine (NE) release from the rat ovary. Norepinephrine 131-145 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 51-65 1537296-1 1992 Experiments were undertaken to study the role that neuropeptide-Y (NPY) and adrenergic autoreceptors may play in the regulation of norepinephrine (NE) release from the rat ovary. Norepinephrine 131-145 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 67-70 1318205-1 1992 The role of the endothelium in the potentiating action of neuropeptide Y (NPY) to contraction induced by KCl, alpha, beta-methylene ATP (mATP), and noradrenaline (NA) was tested on rat tail arteries. Norepinephrine 148-161 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 58-72 1318205-1 1992 The role of the endothelium in the potentiating action of neuropeptide Y (NPY) to contraction induced by KCl, alpha, beta-methylene ATP (mATP), and noradrenaline (NA) was tested on rat tail arteries. Norepinephrine 148-161 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 74-77 1318205-7 1992 The noradrenaline response was potentiated by NPY at 500 nM but not at 50 nM. Norepinephrine 4-17 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 46-49 1361458-6 1992 Moreover, NPY activates postsynaptic messenger pathways that complement and reinforce those affected by norepinephrine, which is another major neuroregulator of LHRH secretion and which is released as a cotransmitter with NPY in the median eminence. Norepinephrine 104-118 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 10-13 1551183-1 1992 Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a potent vasodilator, and neuropeptide Y (NPY), a potent vasoconstrictor and potentiator of norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction, were examined in an animal model of endotoxin shock. Norepinephrine 132-146 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 66-80 1551183-1 1992 Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a potent vasodilator, and neuropeptide Y (NPY), a potent vasoconstrictor and potentiator of norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction, were examined in an animal model of endotoxin shock. Norepinephrine 132-146 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 82-85 1361458-6 1992 Moreover, NPY activates postsynaptic messenger pathways that complement and reinforce those affected by norepinephrine, which is another major neuroregulator of LHRH secretion and which is released as a cotransmitter with NPY in the median eminence. Norepinephrine 104-118 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 222-225 1833961-2 1991 Since norepinephrine (NE)-containing neurons involved in cardiovascular regulation in the brain are known to coexist with neuropeptide Y (NPY), it is possible that a functional interaction between NPY and NE exists centrally. Norepinephrine 6-20 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 197-200 1377322-0 1992 Differential effects of galanin and neuropeptide Y on extracellular norepinephrine levels in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus of the rat: a microdialysis study. Norepinephrine 68-82 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 36-50 1377322-1 1992 Evidence suggests that the peptides galanin (GAL) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) interact with the amine norepinephrine (NE) in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to stimulate feeding behavior. Norepinephrine 99-113 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 54-68 1377322-1 1992 Evidence suggests that the peptides galanin (GAL) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) interact with the amine norepinephrine (NE) in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to stimulate feeding behavior. Norepinephrine 99-113 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 70-73 2036716-5 1991 The overflow of the norepinephrine cotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY) was determined by radioimmunoassay and NPY was used as marker for exocytotic release. Norepinephrine 20-34 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 49-63 1650397-0 1991 Neuropeptide Y: an endogenous inhibitor of norepinephrine-stimulated melatonin secretion in the rat pineal gland. Norepinephrine 43-57 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 1924894-4 1991 Centrally administered NPY also increased gastric secretion in the central noradrenaline depleted rats. Norepinephrine 75-88 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 23-26 2036716-5 1991 The overflow of the norepinephrine cotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY) was determined by radioimmunoassay and NPY was used as marker for exocytotic release. Norepinephrine 20-34 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 65-68 1906353-2 1991 NPY often is found colocalized with the classical neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) and can potentiate the effects of this neurotransmitter postsynaptically in many systems. Norepinephrine 67-81 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2019991-5 1991 Furthermore, endothelium denudation enhanced markedly contraction elicited by NPY in WKY (up to 40% of the maximal effect of norepinephrine), but not in SHR. Norepinephrine 125-139 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 78-81 2019991-6 1991 NPY potentiated the contractile response to low concentrations of norepinephrine (less than 300 nM) in both strains regardless whether the endothelium was intact or not. Norepinephrine 66-80 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 1364848-5 1991 NPY (2 x 10(-8) M) increased the sensitivity to noradrenaline (NA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) more in PC (4.2 and 2.8 fold, respectively) than in DC arteries (2.2 and 1.4 fold, respectively). Norepinephrine 48-61 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 1906353-8 1991 The possible colocalization of NPY and NE in these nerve fibers was investigated by chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine, followed by immunocytochemical labeling of NPY and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in norepinephrine synthesis. Norepinephrine 237-251 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 31-34 1973038-3 1990 Similarly, tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase, which reflect the presence of noradrenaline, were colocalized with neuropeptide Y. Norepinephrine 93-106 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 130-144 1699553-0 1990 Neuropeptide Y and galanin enhance the inhibitory effects of clonidine on norepinephrine release from medulla oblongata of rats. Norepinephrine 74-88 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-26 1699553-2 1990 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and galanin (Gal) coexist with norepinephrine (NE) and may have a functional interaction in this region. Norepinephrine 52-66 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 1699553-2 1990 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and galanin (Gal) coexist with norepinephrine (NE) and may have a functional interaction in this region. Norepinephrine 52-66 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 2169424-0 1990 Effects of neuropeptide Y on norepinephrine release in hypothalamic slices of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Norepinephrine 29-43 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 11-25 2043936-18 1991 Therefore endogenous NPY, like noradrenaline could play a modulatory role in regulating vascular tone and may influence mucosal integrity. Norepinephrine 31-44 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 21-24 2129867-5 1990 We propose that the DBH/NPY/NGF-R-positive adrenal medullary ganglion cells are sympathetic postganglionic neurons producing noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 125-138 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 24-27 1972138-1 1990 Neuropeptide Y is colocalized with norepinephrine in both central and peripheral noradrenergic neurons. Norepinephrine 35-49 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 1972138-2 1990 In this study, we examined the regulatory mechanisms of neuropeptide Y on norepinephrine release in the medulla oblongata of rats. Norepinephrine 74-88 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 56-70 1972138-5 1990 The blockade of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors by RX 781,094 diminished inhibitory effects of neuropeptide Y on norepinephrine release. Norepinephrine 110-124 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 92-106 1972138-6 1990 Pretreatment of pertussis toxin (a toxin that interferes with the coupling of inhibitory receptors to adenylate cyclase) attenuated the suppression of norepinephrine release by neuropeptide Y. Norepinephrine 151-165 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 177-191 1972138-7 1990 In spontaneously hypertensive rats, the inhibitory effect of UK 14,304 and neuropeptide Y on norepinephrine release from the medulla oblongata was significantly less than in age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats. Norepinephrine 93-107 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 75-89 1972138-8 1990 These results show that neuropeptide Y inhibits norepinephrine release partially mediated by alpha 2-adrenergic receptors and the pertussis toxin-sensitive guanosine triphosphate-binding proteins in rat medulla oblongata. Norepinephrine 48-62 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 24-38 1970270-8 1990 In the absence of a calcium channel blocking agent, NPY (100 nM) produced a leftward shift of the concentration-response curves to noradrenaline (pD2 increased from 6.2 +/- 0.06 to 6.5 +/- 0.05) and phenylephrine (pD2 increased from 5.6 +/- 0.03 to 6.0 +/- 0.06 and from 6.0 +/- 0.06 to 6.3 +/- 0.11). Norepinephrine 131-144 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 52-55 2804310-0 1989 [Effects of neuropeptide Y on behavior and noradrenaline level in the brain]. Norepinephrine 43-56 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 12-26 1970212-3 1990 However, during recent years both ATP and NPY have been suggested to be co-transmitters to noradrenaline in these nerves. Norepinephrine 91-104 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 42-45 2215932-1 1990 Neuropeptide Y co-exists with noradrenaline in the majority of the sympathetic nerves supplying cerebral blood vessels. Norepinephrine 30-43 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 2804665-0 1989 Neuropeptide Y potentiates excitation of supraoptic neurosecretory cells by noradrenaline. Norepinephrine 76-89 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 2215932-9 1990 In conclusion, neuropeptide Y in cerebrovascular nerves is co-stored not only with noradrenaline in sympathetic nerves from the superior cervical ganglion, but also with acetylcholine (reflected in the presence of choline acetyltransferase) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in parasympathetic nerves originating in the sphenopalatine, otic, and internal carotid ganglia. Norepinephrine 83-96 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 15-29 2600818-1 1989 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is colocalized with norepinephrine and coreleased from adrenergic nerves. Norepinephrine 41-55 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 2600818-1 1989 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is colocalized with norepinephrine and coreleased from adrenergic nerves. Norepinephrine 41-55 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 2600818-6 1989 NPY potentiated responses to longer transmural nerve stimulation trains (30-100 pulses) or to exogenous norepinephrine by only 30%. Norepinephrine 104-118 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2600818-10 1989 NPY increased the rate of contraction to both norepinephrine and transmural nerve stimulation. Norepinephrine 46-60 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2472359-0 1989 Neuropeptide Y and galanin in norepinephrine release in hypothalamic slices. Norepinephrine 30-44 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 2472359-4 1989 The inhibition of norepinephrine release by the alpha-2 agonist UK 14,304 was potentiated by neuropeptide Y and galanin. Norepinephrine 18-32 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 93-107 2472359-5 1989 The blockade of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptors by RX 781094 diminished the inhibitory effects of neuropeptide Y and galanin on norepinephrine release. Norepinephrine 129-143 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 99-113 2472359-6 1989 Pretreatment of hypothalamic slices with islet activating protein (a toxin that interferes with the coupling of inhibitory receptors to adenylate cyclase) attenuated the suppression of norepinephrine release by UK 14,304, neuropeptide Y, and galanin. Norepinephrine 185-199 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 222-236 2571139-2 1989 Following priming with 2.5 micrograms NPY, or larger doses, the subsequent administrations of noradrenaline produced pressor responses that were potentiated both in magnitude and duration. Norepinephrine 94-107 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 38-41 2477116-2 1989 Following the administration of 100 pmoles of NPY into the ventromedial hypothalamus of conscious rats, there was a significant reduction in the local concentration of norepinephrine and an even greater reduction in the concentration of its metabolite, MHPG, as compared to saline-injected controls. Norepinephrine 168-182 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 46-49 2477116-4 1989 When NPY was injected into the lateral hypothalamus and monoamines measured from areas adjacent to the injection of NPY there was a significant increase in norepinephrine release and a significant increase in the concentration of DOPAC. Norepinephrine 156-170 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 5-8 2477116-4 1989 When NPY was injected into the lateral hypothalamus and monoamines measured from areas adjacent to the injection of NPY there was a significant increase in norepinephrine release and a significant increase in the concentration of DOPAC. Norepinephrine 156-170 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 116-119 2497110-2 1989 In particular, changes that occur in sympathetic nerve content of the vasoconstrictor agents serotonin (5-HT) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), which are colocalized with noradrenaline, were assessed. Norepinephrine 163-176 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 130-133 2571139-3 1989 The NPY-induced potentiation of the pressor response to noradrenaline was dose-dependent and extended to the pressor action of adrenaline and angiotensin II but not to the hypotensions produced by bradykinin or isoproterenol. Norepinephrine 56-69 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 4-7 3404443-6 1988 The renal vasoconstriction elicited by norepinephrine and arginine vasopressin as well as by angiotensin II was enhanced by NPY. Norepinephrine 39-53 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 124-127 2909302-2 1989 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) coexists with adrenaline and noradrenaline in the rat brain, and interactions among these substances have been studied. Norepinephrine 50-63 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 2843627-1 1988 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is known to potentiate the pressor effect of norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 66-80 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-14 2843627-1 1988 Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is known to potentiate the pressor effect of norepinephrine. Norepinephrine 66-80 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 16-19 2843627-2 1988 In the present work, we evaluated in unanesthetized normotensive rats the effect of NPY on blood pressure responsiveness not only to norepinephrine, but also to tyramine, a sympathomimetic agent acting indirectly to B-HT933, a selective alpha-2 adrenoceptor stimulant, to angiotensin II and vasopressin. Norepinephrine 133-147 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 84-87 2843627-6 1988 NPY significantly enhanced the pressor effect of norepinephrine, tyramine and angiotensin II, but not that of B-HT933 and vasopressin. Norepinephrine 49-63 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 0-3 2843627-9 1988 It appears therefore that the blood pressure potentiating effect of NPY is not restricted to alpha adrenoceptor stimulation with norepinephrine, but involves also the vasoconstrictor hormone angiotensin II. Norepinephrine 129-143 neuropeptide Y Rattus norvegicus 68-71