PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 1909303-4 1991 We compared serum concentrations of IFN-gamma and neopterin (the biosynthesis of which is also inducible by IFN-gamma) with serum, tryptophan and kynurenine of 42 patients with HIV-1 infection. Neopterin 50-59 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 108-117 1909303-6 1991 Various significant correlations were found between tryptophan, kynurenine, IFN-gamma and neopterin concentrations. Neopterin 90-99 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 76-85 1674419-7 1991 Large amounts of neopterin are released by human macrophages on stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) further enhances the effect of IFN gamma. Neopterin 17-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 81-97 1825941-3 1991 Neopterin was shown to be produced by monocytes in response to stimulation with IFN-gamma, but not other cytokines. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 80-89 1825941-5 1991 It therefore appears that cytokines may generate neopterin by induction of IFN-gamma, by synergy with low levels of induced IFN-gamma, or by non-IFN-gamma-dependent mechanisms. Neopterin 49-58 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 75-84 1674419-7 1991 Large amounts of neopterin are released by human macrophages on stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) further enhances the effect of IFN gamma. Neopterin 17-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 99-108 1674419-7 1991 Large amounts of neopterin are released by human macrophages on stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) further enhances the effect of IFN gamma. Neopterin 17-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 186-195 1883524-4 1991 As a consequence, large amounts of neopterin are formed during IFN-gamma-triggered synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin. Neopterin 35-44 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 63-72 1782638-2 1991 Neopterin is produced chiefly by human macrophages through their activation by T-cell-derived interferon gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 94-110 3416434-1 1988 Neopterin, a marker of cellular immune system activation, is produced by human macrophages after induction by interferon gamma (secreted by T-lymphocytes) and is eliminated mostly in urine. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 110-126 2128302-3 1990 Tryptophan concentrations correlated negatively to neopterin concentrations, and serum neopterin concentrations correlated positively to IFN-gamma concentrations. Neopterin 87-96 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 137-146 2120284-8 1990 IFN-beta ser/IFN-gamma enhanced monocyte guanylate cyclase activity, as assessed by serum neopterin, more effectively than IFN-gamma alone (P = 0.005). Neopterin 90-99 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 13-22 2163132-10 1990 Our results indicate that enhanced endogenous production of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma accompanied by elevated levels of B2M and neopterin represent a regular feature of inflammatory complications after liver transplantation. Neopterin 126-135 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 74-83 2109703-4 1990 Neopterin levels correlated significantly to interferon-gamma concentrations and inversely to haemoglobin levels. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 45-61 35113934-5 2022 Plasma concentrations of IFN-gamma, IP-10 and neopterin, and stimulated release of O2- from PMNs exhibited dose- and time-dependent increases after IFN-gamma administration. Neopterin 46-55 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 148-157 2511277-4 1989 Results indicated that 100 micrograms IFN-gamma applied once weekly was biologically active with induction of serum beta 2-microglobulin and neopterin. Neopterin 141-150 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 38-47 2782974-2 1989 Interferon gamma, derived from antigen activated T lymphocytes, stimulates macrophages to synthesise and release neopterin into the culture supernatant in vitro. Neopterin 113-122 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 2850878-3 1988 Neopterin is a low molecular weight product released by human macrophages upon stimulation with interferon gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 96-112 2119922-2 1990 Neopterin, a product of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages, was elevated in 94% of patients upon admission (day 0, prior to treatment) and in all at some time during the period of study. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 24-33 2119922-4 1990 IFN-gamma was measured in 32 patients and found to be directly related to neopterin concentration. Neopterin 74-83 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 7865624-6 1994 The data indicate a role of the immune system and particularly of endogenously formed cytokines, like interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, effecting tryptophan and neopterin metabolism in patients with acute Lyme neuroborreliosis. Neopterin 178-187 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 102-151 34319496-1 2021 Neopterin (NPT) is a member of pteridines group, synthesized by macrophages when stimulated by interferon gamma (INF-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 95-122 34319496-1 2021 Neopterin (NPT) is a member of pteridines group, synthesized by macrophages when stimulated by interferon gamma (INF-gamma). Neopterin 11-14 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 95-122 35307400-2 2022 Neopterin (NPT), produced by macrophages when stimulated with interferon (IFN-)gamma, is an essential cytokine in the antiviral immune response. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 74-84 35307400-2 2022 Neopterin (NPT), produced by macrophages when stimulated with interferon (IFN-)gamma, is an essential cytokine in the antiviral immune response. Neopterin 11-14 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 74-84 2511058-4 1989 Interferon-gamma treatment activated locally the macrophages and induced a rise in neopterin urine, serum, and ascites levels. Neopterin 83-92 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 2495349-6 1989 Further, a significant positive correlation was observed between serum interferon-gamma and serum neopterin concentrations in seropositive study participants. Neopterin 98-107 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 71-87 3148378-7 1988 They further demonstrate that, at least in vitro, IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha and LPS can all stimulate neopterin release independently from each other. Neopterin 97-106 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 50-59 3148378-8 1988 Thirdly, they indicate that stimuli such as alloantigens or TNF-alpha can indirectly enhance neopterin release by their capacity to induce production of endogenous IFN-gamma. Neopterin 93-102 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 164-173 3933502-4 1985 The release of both cellular neopterin and biopterin, but not of 6-hydroxymethylpterin and its aldehyde, is controlled by interferon-gamma. Neopterin 29-38 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 122-138 3260210-1 1988 Neopterin is produced in large amounts specifically from macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 91-107 3260210-1 1988 Neopterin is produced in large amounts specifically from macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 109-118 2452128-1 1988 Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) has been shown to be a potent inducer of neopterin secretion by human peripheral blood monocytes/macrophages (1). Neopterin 70-79 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 2452128-1 1988 Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) has been shown to be a potent inducer of neopterin secretion by human peripheral blood monocytes/macrophages (1). Neopterin 70-79 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 18-27 2452128-7 1988 Amongst the supernatants from PBMNC, only those which were obtained from cells activated with IFN-gamma or -alpha stimulated monocytes/macrophages to produce neopterin. Neopterin 158-167 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 94-103 2452128-10 1988 These results demonstrate that both interferons, IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha, the latter only at a 400-fold higher concentration, can trigger monocytes/macrophages directly to secrete neopterin. Neopterin 180-189 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 49-58 3141055-2 1988 Neopterin is produced by human macrophages upon stimulation with interferon gamma and is therefore a measure for activated T cells. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 65-81 3119253-1 1987 This is a method for the simultaneous determination of neopterin, a product of interferon-gamma-activated macrophages, and creatinine in serum. Neopterin 55-64 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 79-95 3122784-1 1987 Several human cells were investigated for their ability to degrade tryptophan and to synthesize neopterin upon induction by interferon-gamma (500 units/ml for 48 h). Neopterin 96-105 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 124-140 3122784-7 1987 Human macrophages form 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and neopterin, but not 3-hydroxykynurenine, beside kynurenine and anthranilic acid upon activation by interferon-gamma. Neopterin 53-62 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 151-167 3122784-9 1987 The interferon-gamma induced synthesis of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and neopterin, however, appears to be restricted to human macrophages. Neopterin 72-81 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 4-20 3106526-10 1986 Thus, it appears that IFN-gamma selectively stimulates the early steps of pterin biosynthesis in macrophages, thereby leading to accumulation and excretion of dihydroneopterin and neopterin. Neopterin 166-175 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 22-31 3129362-0 1987 Interferon-gamma for the treatment of metastatic renal cancer: dose-dependent stimulation and downregulation of beta-2 microglobulin and neopterin responses. Neopterin 137-146 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 3301338-8 1987 Stimulation of macrophages with recombinant human interferon-gamma and neutralization of the effect of T cell supernatants by addition of a monoclonal antibody specific for human interferon-gamma showed that immune interferon induced the alterations in GTP cyclohydrolase I activity and neopterin concentration. Neopterin 287-296 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 50-66 3301338-8 1987 Stimulation of macrophages with recombinant human interferon-gamma and neutralization of the effect of T cell supernatants by addition of a monoclonal antibody specific for human interferon-gamma showed that immune interferon induced the alterations in GTP cyclohydrolase I activity and neopterin concentration. Neopterin 287-296 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 179-195 3492436-3 1986 Neopterin is specifically released from human monocytes-macrophages after induction by interferon-gamma secreted from activated human T lymphocytes. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 87-103 3097241-6 1986 Each rise of interferon gamma was followed by an increase of neopterin, but not every neopterin increase was preceded by a interferon gamma peak. Neopterin 61-70 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 13-29 3087039-0 1986 Relationship of interferon-gamma and neopterin levels during stimulation with alloantigens in vivo and in vitro. Neopterin 37-46 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 16-32 3087039-6 1986 (2) Detection of interferon-gamma in sera of allograft recipients invariably precedes an increase of neopterin; on the other hand, increasing neopterin counts are also seen in the absence of detectable interferon-gamma levels in the serum. Neopterin 101-110 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 17-33 33564258-5 2021 Neopterin is a macrophage activation marker produced by monocytes and macrophages upon activation by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 101-117 33583308-2 2021 We aimed to investigate the interferon gamma-related biomarkers neopterin and kynurenine-tryptophanratio (KT-ratio) in PSC. Neopterin 64-73 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 28-44 33583308-9 2021 CONCLUSIONS: Neopterin and KT-ratio were elevated in PSC and associated with liver transplantation-free survival in two independent PSC cohorts, highlighting a possible role of interferon gamma-driven inflammation in the pathogenesis. Neopterin 13-22 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 177-193 32860465-3 2021 Neopterin produced by macrophages on stimulation with interferon-gamma, which is an important cytokine in the anti-viral immune response, hence it can be used to predict the severity of disease in COVID-19 cases. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 54-70 32924886-2 2021 Neopterin, a metabolite of guanosine triphosphate, is produced by interferon-gamma-activated macrophages and is expressed at high levels in atheromatous plaques within the human carotid and coronary arteries as well as in the aorta. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 66-82 33564258-5 2021 Neopterin is a macrophage activation marker produced by monocytes and macrophages upon activation by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 119-128 33438988-3 2021 Neopterin is a surrogate marker for viral inflammation, and its production by macrophages is driven by interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 103-119 31797350-1 2020 Neopterin is primarily synthesized and released by activated macrophages/monocytes upon stimulation with interferon-gamma and is considered as a marker for macrophage activation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 105-121 33312061-4 2020 Neopterin (NP) produced by monocytes/macrophages in response to stimulation by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is emphasized in recent findings. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 79-95 33312061-4 2020 Neopterin (NP) produced by monocytes/macrophages in response to stimulation by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is emphasized in recent findings. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 97-106 33312061-4 2020 Neopterin (NP) produced by monocytes/macrophages in response to stimulation by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is emphasized in recent findings. Neopterin 11-13 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 79-95 33312061-4 2020 Neopterin (NP) produced by monocytes/macrophages in response to stimulation by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is emphasized in recent findings. Neopterin 11-13 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 97-106 32145301-2 2020 Neopterin is described as the oxidation product of 7,8-dihydroneopterin, a potent antioxidant generated by monocyte/macrophages in response to interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 143-159 32098277-5 2020 Kaempferol suppressed interferon-gamma dependent immunometabolic pathways: Formation of the oxidative stress biomarker neopterin and catabolism of tryptophan were inhibited dose-dependently in stimulated cells. Neopterin 119-128 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 22-38 31489989-2 2019 Immune activation after stimulation with interferon-gamma leads to increased production of neopterin but also results in increased tryptophan catabolism through indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Neopterin 91-100 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 41-57 32153576-3 2020 In the course of anti-tumor immune response, the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) induces both, the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) to degrade tryptophan and the enzyme GTP-cyclohydrolase I to form neopterin. Neopterin 229-238 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 75-102 29576845-3 2018 When screening for immunomodulatory compounds, the two interferon gamma- (IFN-gamma-) dependent immunometabolic pathways of tryptophan breakdown via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) and neopterin formation by GTP-cyclohydrolase 1 (GTP-CH-I) represent prominent targets, as IFN-gamma-related signaling is strongly sensitive to oxidative triggers. Neopterin 191-200 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 55-83 30820177-2 2019 It is known that neopterin levels increase in diseases where interferon-gamma (IFN-g) stimulation is present, and also as a result of deficiencies in renal function, given that the primary means of elimination of neopterin is through the kidneys. Neopterin 17-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 61-77 30820177-2 2019 It is known that neopterin levels increase in diseases where interferon-gamma (IFN-g) stimulation is present, and also as a result of deficiencies in renal function, given that the primary means of elimination of neopterin is through the kidneys. Neopterin 17-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 79-84 30301383-1 2018 OBJECTIVE: Neopterin is a pteridine that is produced following activation of human macrophages upon stimulation with the cytokine interferon-gamma. Neopterin 11-20 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 130-146 30584406-1 2018 Background: An increase in neopterin concentrations is known in some pathologies due to interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) activation. Neopterin 27-36 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 88-104 30584406-1 2018 Background: An increase in neopterin concentrations is known in some pathologies due to interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) activation. Neopterin 27-36 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 106-115 30470234-10 2018 Neopterin, a marker of IFN-gamma activity, was associated with an unfavorable balance between neuroprotective and neurotoxic tryptophan metabolites. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 23-32 30470234-12 2018 IFN-gamma activity, assessed by neopterin and IP-10 levels, may play a role in the activation of the KP pathway in these patients, potentially mediating neurotoxic effects. Neopterin 32-41 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 29198726-4 2018 Increased neopterin was detected in human nerve cells supernatants (highest secretion in astrocytes) exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) and in the hippocampus of mice receiving LPS (0.33mg/kg; intraperitoneal). Neopterin 10-19 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 141-168 29576845-3 2018 When screening for immunomodulatory compounds, the two interferon gamma- (IFN-gamma-) dependent immunometabolic pathways of tryptophan breakdown via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) and neopterin formation by GTP-cyclohydrolase 1 (GTP-CH-I) represent prominent targets, as IFN-gamma-related signaling is strongly sensitive to oxidative triggers. Neopterin 191-200 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 74-83 29637862-6 2018 In this review article, the roles and consequences of the interferon gamma-dependent pathways of tryptophan breakdown and neopterin formation are discussed, as well as phenylalanine metabolism, trying to provide a rational link between immunology, metabolism and mental status. Neopterin 122-131 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 58-74 29605258-7 2018 Direct stimulation of macrophages in plaque sections with interferon-gamma caused a sustained increase in neopterin (p = .037) and total neopterin (p = .003). Neopterin 106-115 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 58-74 29605258-7 2018 Direct stimulation of macrophages in plaque sections with interferon-gamma caused a sustained increase in neopterin (p = .037) and total neopterin (p = .003). Neopterin 137-146 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 58-74 28758106-4 2017 Neopterin synthesis is induced by interferon-gamma that also induces indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme catalyzing catabolism of tryptophan to kynurenine. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 34-50 28582842-2 2017 Neopterin, which is secreted by interferon-gamma stimulated macrophages, exhibits an association with multiple cancer types and metastatic disease. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 32-48 29157836-8 2017 We show that plasmatic neopterin levels, a molecule released by IFN-gamma-activated macrophages, is predictive of mortality in HFP (ROC-AUC=0.859). Neopterin 23-32 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 64-73 27221136-1 2016 BACKGROUND: Neopterin levels and kynurenine/tryptophan ratios (KTRs) increase with IFN-gamma stimulation, indicating TH1 immunity, and thus might be inversely associated with asthma. Neopterin 12-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 83-92 28383326-1 2017 OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated the correlation between serum and urinary neopterin levels as well as the stage of the disease in women with endometrial cancer.Increased neopterin concentrations are reported in patients with activation of macrophages by interferon-gamma, which includes the following: viral infections, autoimmune disorders, allograft rejection, and various malignant tumors. Neopterin 180-189 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 264-280 27433370-3 2016 The urinary neopterin/creatinine ratio can quantify the systemic interferon-gamma effect in patients with M. tuberculosis infection. Neopterin 12-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 65-81 27358381-1 2016 BACKGROUND: Neopterin is produced by activated macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and thus, elevated neopterin concentrations in patients indicate cellular inate immune response. Neopterin 12-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 81-97 27358381-1 2016 BACKGROUND: Neopterin is produced by activated macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and thus, elevated neopterin concentrations in patients indicate cellular inate immune response. Neopterin 12-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 99-108 24817202-1 2014 UNLABELLED: The cytokine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulates neopterin release and tryptophan degradation into kynurenines through the kynurenine pathway. Neopterin 65-74 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 25-52 24948355-1 2014 BACKGROUND: It has been reported that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced inflammatory markers, such as circulating neopterin and kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio (KTR), are increased in patients with cancer and are also a predictor of poor prognosis. Neopterin 117-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 38-65 24817202-2 2014 High levels of neopterin were associated with increased hip fracture risk, as were some of the kynurenines, suggesting a role of IFN-gamma-mediated inflammation in the processes leading to hip fracture. Neopterin 15-24 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 129-138 24817202-4 2014 Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) initiates macrophage release of neopterin and also stimulates degradation of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway as part of cell-mediated immune activation. Neopterin 61-70 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 24817202-4 2014 Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) initiates macrophage release of neopterin and also stimulates degradation of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway as part of cell-mediated immune activation. Neopterin 61-70 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 18-27 24817202-5 2014 Plasma neopterin and the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR) are thus markers of IFN-gamma-mediated inflammation. Neopterin 7-16 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 79-88 24528145-2 2014 In cell-mediated immune activation, interferon (IFN)-gamma stimulates macrophage release of neopterin and increases the activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), thereby stimulating tryptophan degradation along the kynurenine pathway. Neopterin 92-101 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 36-58 24528145-3 2014 Plasma levels of neopterin and the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR) are thus markers of IFN-gamma-mediated inflammation. Neopterin 17-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 89-98 22539447-3 2013 In addition, the correlation of plasma neopterin with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was also examined. Neopterin 39-48 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 54-70 24376420-3 2013 The pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and related biochemical pathways like tryptophan breakdown by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and neopterin formation are deeply involved in their pathogenesis. Neopterin 159-168 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 30-46 24376420-3 2013 The pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and related biochemical pathways like tryptophan breakdown by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and neopterin formation are deeply involved in their pathogenesis. Neopterin 159-168 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 48-57 23336953-2 2013 Neopterin production and tryptophan catabolism through the kynurenine pathway, measured by the kynurenine-tryptophan ratio (KTR), are induced by interferon gamma, thus both are considered markers of cell mediated immune activation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 145-161 24084352-3 2013 In the former, interferon-gamma induces both neopterin release and the enzyme indoleamine [2, 3]-dioxygenase (IDO) in various cells. Neopterin 45-54 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 15-31 24055018-2 2013 The pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma in various cells, including monocytes, induces neopterin production. Neopterin 94-103 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 30-46 22539447-3 2013 In addition, the correlation of plasma neopterin with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was also examined. Neopterin 39-48 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 72-81 22539447-11 2013 Significant associations between neopterin and IFN-gamma (r = 0.41, p < 0.0001) and IL-6 (r = 0.35, p = 0.0006) levels were found. Neopterin 33-42 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 47-56 21864915-7 2012 Neopterin is a reliable indicator for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) which was identified as the only cytokine that induces significant production of neopterin. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 38-54 23740679-2 2013 Neopterin is regarded as a biochemical marker of cell-mediated immunity, which is secreted by monocytes and macrophages, mainly in response to interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 143-159 21864915-7 2012 Neopterin is a reliable indicator for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) which was identified as the only cytokine that induces significant production of neopterin. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 56-65 21864915-7 2012 Neopterin is a reliable indicator for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) which was identified as the only cytokine that induces significant production of neopterin. Neopterin 148-157 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 38-54 21864915-7 2012 Neopterin is a reliable indicator for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) which was identified as the only cytokine that induces significant production of neopterin. Neopterin 148-157 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 56-65 21864915-8 2012 Considering recent research indicating that IFN-gamma can lead to increased neuronal responsiveness and body perceptions by reducing inhibitory tone in the dorsal horn, the observed association between somatization syndromes and neopterin might support the idea of central sensitization in the pathogenesis of somatoform symptoms. Neopterin 229-238 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 44-53 22396896-5 2011 Concurrently with activation of IDO, IFNG induces guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH), the rate limiting enzyme of GTP conversion into BH2 (and increases formation of a stable derivative of BH2, neopterin, at the expense of production of BH4, the mandatory co-factor of NOS). Neopterin 207-216 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 37-41 22969169-15 2012 Serum neopterin correlated with hsCRP (r = 0.285, P = 0.002), IL-6 (r = 0.212, P = 0.034), and IFN-gamma (r = 0.32, P = 0.001) but not with TNF-alpha. Neopterin 6-15 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 95-104 22396896-7 2011 Polymorphism of IFNG (+874) T/A gene, that encodes production of IFNG protein, impacts the IDO and GTPCH activity that might be assessed in humans by KYN/TRY ratio and neopterin concentrations in biological fluids (e.g., blood, urine and spinal fluid). Neopterin 168-177 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 16-20 22396896-7 2011 Polymorphism of IFNG (+874) T/A gene, that encodes production of IFNG protein, impacts the IDO and GTPCH activity that might be assessed in humans by KYN/TRY ratio and neopterin concentrations in biological fluids (e.g., blood, urine and spinal fluid). Neopterin 168-177 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 65-69 22308202-0 2011 Neopterin, a Marker of Interferon-Gamma-Inducible Inflammation, Correlates with Pyridoxal-5"-Phosphate, Waist Circumference, HDL-Cholesterol, Insulin Resistance and Mortality Risk in Adult Boston Community Dwellers of Puerto Rican Origin. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 23-39 21854775-1 2011 In interferon-gamma activated human macrophages, GTP-cyclohydrolase 1 catalyses the conversion of guanosine triphosphate to 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate, which is dephosphorylated and oxidized to form neopterin. Neopterin 135-144 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 3-19 22308202-1 2011 Interferon-gamma (IFNG), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, increases concentrations of neopterin, a stable pteridine derivative, due to IFNG-induced transcriptional activation of the rate-limiting enzyme of pteridines biosynthesis. Neopterin 82-91 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 22308202-1 2011 Interferon-gamma (IFNG), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, increases concentrations of neopterin, a stable pteridine derivative, due to IFNG-induced transcriptional activation of the rate-limiting enzyme of pteridines biosynthesis. Neopterin 82-91 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 18-22 22308202-1 2011 Interferon-gamma (IFNG), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, increases concentrations of neopterin, a stable pteridine derivative, due to IFNG-induced transcriptional activation of the rate-limiting enzyme of pteridines biosynthesis. Neopterin 82-91 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 131-135 22308202-11 2011 Assessment of neopterin concentrations might help to monitor the activity of IFNG-inducible inflammation associated with aging-associated medical and psychiatric disorders. Neopterin 14-23 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 77-81 20693747-2 2010 Neopterin, a by-product of the guanosine triphosphate pathway, is produced by activated macrophages on stimulation with interferon-gamma released from T lymphocytes, and is an activation marker for monocytes/macrophages. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 120-136 21183733-2 2011 In activated macrophages, IFN-gamma stimulates production of neopterin and conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine. Neopterin 61-70 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 26-35 19765856-3 2010 IFN-gamma induces several biochemical pathways in human monocytes, among them neopterin formation by GTP-cyclohydrolase I (GTP-CH I) and tryptophan degradation by the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Neopterin 78-87 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 20691158-1 2010 Neopterin production is induced in human monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells upon stimulation with Th1-type cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 148-157 20727206-1 2010 BACKGROUND: Neopterin is produced by human macrophages/monocytes when stimulated with interferon-gamma. Neopterin 12-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 86-102 19765856-7 2010 Stimulation of CD34(+) cells with IFN-gamma in different doses (either 5000U/ml once or 200 and 400U/ml every other day) induced tryptophan degradation and in parallel also neopterin formation. Neopterin 173-182 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 34-43 19765856-9 2010 IFN-gamma stimulated higher kynurenine and neopterin formation in cells cultivated in EGFCM, stimulation with 400U IFN-gamma every other day was most effective. Neopterin 43-52 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 19765856-9 2010 IFN-gamma stimulated higher kynurenine and neopterin formation in cells cultivated in EGFCM, stimulation with 400U IFN-gamma every other day was most effective. Neopterin 43-52 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 115-124 19765856-11 2010 In conclusion, stimulation of haematopoietic stem cells with IFN-gamma activates IDO and neopterin formation, and it also exerts an influence on the proliferation of various stem cell populations. Neopterin 89-98 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 61-70 20207585-3 2010 Pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g. interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), are the primary inducers of tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and of neopterin biosynthesis by GTP-cyclohydrolase I. Neopterin 160-169 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 33-49 20207585-3 2010 Pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g. interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), are the primary inducers of tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and of neopterin biosynthesis by GTP-cyclohydrolase I. Neopterin 160-169 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 51-60 19500901-3 2010 Neopterin is released in large amounts from human monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells preferentially following stimulation with the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma, thus reflecting the immune activation status. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 171-187 21033411-3 2009 Neopterin is a marker of cytotoxic lymphocytes T activities, it is produced by monocytes/macrophages stimulated with IFNgamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 117-125 19522774-3 2009 Neopterin is an immunological marker of cellular immune activation, which is secreted by monocytes/macrophages as a result of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion by activated T lymphocytes. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 126-142 19522774-3 2009 Neopterin is an immunological marker of cellular immune activation, which is secreted by monocytes/macrophages as a result of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion by activated T lymphocytes. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 144-153 19191826-1 2009 AIM: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neopterin production is increased by interferon-gamma stimulation and appears to act as a marker of intrathecal immune activation. Neopterin 31-40 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 68-84 19330924-3 2009 Pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma and related biochemical pathways like tryptophan degradation by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and neopterin formation are closely associated with the pathogenesis of such disorders. Neopterin 139-148 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 26-42 19040353-4 2009 Mitogen stimulation induced expression of IFN-gamma, GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH-I), and indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase (IDO) resulting in enhanced neopterin formation and tryptophan degradation by HIV-infected and control PBMCs. Neopterin 145-154 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 42-51 19040353-5 2009 IFN-gamma concentrations correlated with neopterin levels and tryptophan degradation. Neopterin 41-50 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 19214125-2 2009 The cytokine interferon-gamma, which seems to play an important role in HIV infection, induces neopterin formation and in parallel also tryptophan degradation by the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Neopterin 95-104 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 13-29 18556000-1 2009 Neopterin is released from human monocyte-derived macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma and is a sensitive indicator for cellular immune activation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 84-100 18579365-2 2008 Neopterin (NP) is a monocyte/macrophage activation marker produced by macrophages in response to interferon-gamma secreted by activated T-lymphocytes. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 97-113 18579365-2 2008 Neopterin (NP) is a monocyte/macrophage activation marker produced by macrophages in response to interferon-gamma secreted by activated T-lymphocytes. Neopterin 11-13 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 97-113 18420276-1 2008 OBJECTIVE: Neopterin is generated and released in increased amounts by macrophages upon activation by interferon-gamma during cellular immune response. Neopterin 11-20 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 102-118 18457922-1 2008 Intrathecal production of neopterin, a pteridine produced by interferon (IFN)-gamma-stimulated monocyte-derived macrophages, is associated with neurological disorders and infections. Neopterin 26-35 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 61-83 18457922-2 2008 We investigated whether IFN-alpha/beta, IFN-gamma, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induce neopterin production by human astroglioma cells. Neopterin 96-105 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 40-49 18457922-3 2008 IFN-alpha/beta and IFN-gamma, but not HIV, induced neopterin. Neopterin 51-60 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 19-28 17945348-7 2008 Serum concentrations of neopterin, indicating Th-1 mediated immune activation via IFN-gamma, were positively correlated to enhanced tryptophan degradation (rs=0.650, p<0.001) in patients, but not in healthy individuals. Neopterin 24-33 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 82-91 16542679-2 2007 Neopterin is a pteridine derivative, released from macrophages upon stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 111-127 18584538-1 2008 Neopterin is secreted by activated monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 79-95 17113763-1 2007 Neopterin is synthesized by human monocyte-derived macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 85-101 17113763-1 2007 Neopterin is synthesized by human monocyte-derived macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 103-112 16426249-3 2006 Thus, the determination of neopterin concentrations is an indirect measure of the levels of IFN-gamma and allows us to monitor Th1-type immune response. Neopterin 27-36 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 92-101 17430111-2 2007 Patients show highly elevated serum/plasma concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), which induces human monocytes to form neopterin, to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and in parallel, to degrade tryptophan. Neopterin 158-167 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 90-106 17430111-2 2007 Patients show highly elevated serum/plasma concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), which induces human monocytes to form neopterin, to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and in parallel, to degrade tryptophan. Neopterin 158-167 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 108-117 17430111-5 2007 IDO and other IFN-gamma-mediated pathways are strongly induced in patients with HIV infection and are also linked with disease progression: Neopterin formation by GTP-cyclohydrolase I sensitively reflects the stage of the disease, and determination of the pteridine in body fluids is useful to monitor the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy. Neopterin 140-149 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 14-23 17136028-12 2007 Kyn/trp correlated significantly with neopterin suggesting an IFN-gamma-induced increase in IDO activity. Neopterin 38-47 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 62-71 17301930-2 2006 Neopterin (NPT) is synthesised by human macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma and is also capable of enhancing the oxidative potential of reactive oxygen species. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 74-90 17301930-2 2006 Neopterin (NPT) is synthesised by human macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma and is also capable of enhancing the oxidative potential of reactive oxygen species. Neopterin 11-14 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 74-90 16842138-3 2006 Neopterin formation by human monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells is induced by the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma, which is released by activated T-lymphocytes. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 122-138 16868770-1 2007 Pteridine derivatives neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin are produced by human macrophages and dendritic cells upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and therefore become detectable in increased amounts in humans during cell-mediated (Th1-type) immune response. Neopterin 22-31 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 133-149 16868770-1 2007 Pteridine derivatives neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin are produced by human macrophages and dendritic cells upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and therefore become detectable in increased amounts in humans during cell-mediated (Th1-type) immune response. Neopterin 22-31 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 151-160 16868770-9 2007 Results suggest that the increased production of neopterin derivatives by activated macrophages and dendritic cells may represent part of the antiviral armature induced by IFN-gamma. Neopterin 49-58 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 172-181 17057410-6 2007 CONCLUSION: Neopterin production and tryptophan degradation in monocyte-derived macrophages are both triggered by the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma. Neopterin 12-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 144-160 16413058-1 2006 OBJECTIVE: Neopterin is generated and released in increased amounts by macrophages upon activation by interferon-gamma during Th1-type immune response. Neopterin 11-20 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 102-118 16445639-2 2006 Among other biochemical indicators of systemic immune and inflammatory activity, activation of macrophages by interferon-gamma induces a marked increase in the production of neopterin. Neopterin 174-183 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 110-126 17113915-5 2006 Increased neopterin concentrations as well as accelerated tryptophan degradation have been found to predict poor prognosis in patients with cancer, and both these immunobiochemical pathways are induced by the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma. Neopterin 10-19 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 235-251 16339068-1 2005 Previous studies have indicated that neopterin is synthesized in vitro by human monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells upon stimulation with gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 37-46 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 151-178 16339068-3 2005 However, it is unknown if any IFN-gamma-independent neopterin synthesis is possible in vivo. Neopterin 52-61 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 30-39 16339068-7 2005 We found that serum neopterin levels are elevated in the complete absence of IFN-gamma activity due either to a complete deficiency of its receptor or to deleterious mutations of IL-12 or its receptor. Neopterin 20-29 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 77-86 16084984-1 2005 OBJECTIVES: Neopterin is produced by human monocyte-derived macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma and is therefore a sensitive indicator for cellular immune activation. Neopterin 12-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 94-110 15762873-4 2005 In parallel, IFN-gamma induces enzyme GTP-cyclohydrolase I, which gives rise to neopterin production by activated human macrophages. Neopterin 80-89 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 13-22 15896467-1 2005 Tryptophan degradation by the enzyme indoleamine-(2,3)-dioxy genase (IDO) and neopterin production are induced within cellular immune activation by stimulation of monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells with cytokine interferon-gamma. Neopterin 78-87 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 226-242 12914930-1 2003 Neopterin is synthesized by human monocyte-derived macrophages primarily upon stimulation with the cytokine interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 108-124 16463708-1 2005 Neopterin is a low-molecular mass substance synthesized from guanosine triphosphate (GTP) in monocytes/macrophages due to IFNgamma stimulation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 122-130 15292658-7 2004 Unlike macrophages/granulocytes, no respiratory burst was detected in RPE cells, but, comparable to MonoMac6, IFN-gamma induced neopterin in the human RPE. Neopterin 128-137 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 110-119 15135323-8 2004 The suppression of neopterin production and tryptophan degradation suggests a specific influence on biochemical pathways induced by Th1-type cytokine interferon-gamma. Neopterin 19-28 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 150-166 15849402-3 2004 Neopterin synthesis is the sum of all positive and negative regulating factors on the monocyte/macrophage populations activated by interferon-gamma, which is mainly produced by activated T lymphocytes. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 131-147 15061649-1 2004 Human macrophages stimulated with interferon-gamma generate neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin which interfere with reactive species involved in LDL oxidation. Neopterin 60-69 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 34-50 17301373-1 2003 Neopterin, a pyrazinopyrimidine compound, is produced by macrophages after induction by interferon gamma (IFN-g) and serves as a marker of cellular immune system activation followed by oxidative stress. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 88-111 16128038-1 2005 Neopterin released by monocytes/macrophages upon activation by interferon-gamma secreted from T-lymphocytes, is a sensitive indicator of cell-mediated immune activation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 63-79 15302611-2 2004 Th1-type cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induces neopterin production as well as tryptophan degradation via indoleamine (2,3)-dioxygenase (IDO), and quantification of these biochemical alterations allows one to monitor immune system activation. Neopterin 55-64 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 36-45 14504669-2 2003 Neopterin concentrations measured in urine or blood reflect activation of cellular immunity and endogenous release of interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 118-134 12806280-1 2003 Activated monocytes-macrophages may be associated with antitumor activity, and activation of these cells by certain cytokines, primarily interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), can be indicated by alterations in the concentrations of neopterin, nitrate, or tryptophan. Neopterin 224-233 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 137-164 12742536-2 2003 Neopterin is a pteridine, which is produced by monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation with the type 1 T cell-derived cytokine interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 126-142 12804528-1 2003 Neopterin (Neo) and 7,8-dihydroneopterin (H(2)Neo) are produced by human monocyte-derived macrophages upon stimulation with IFN-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 124-133 12804528-1 2003 Neopterin (Neo) and 7,8-dihydroneopterin (H(2)Neo) are produced by human monocyte-derived macrophages upon stimulation with IFN-gamma. Neopterin 0-3 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 124-133 12806280-10 2003 The intraperitoneal delivery of rhIL-12 appears to be associated with an immediate, sustained, and dose-dependent increase in peritoneal fluid neopterin, associated in most patients by an increase in IFN-gamma and in certain patients by an increase in nitrate and a decrease in tryptophan concentrations. Neopterin 143-152 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 200-209 12049792-1 2002 7,8-Dihydroneopterin and neopterin are secreted by human and primate macrophages after activation by interferon-gamma in a ratio of 2:1. Neopterin 11-20 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 101-117 12538455-11 2003 IFN-gamma induced significant but short-lived up-regulation of surrogate markers of monocyte activation (serum neopterin) and class I up-regulation (serum beta-2-microglobulin) in most patients. Neopterin 111-120 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 12562386-0 2003 Atorvastatin suppresses interferon-gamma -induced neopterin formation and tryptophan degradation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in monocytic cell lines. Neopterin 50-59 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 24-40 12562386-6 2003 Also in monocytic cell lines THP-1 and MonoMac6, atorvastatin was able to suppress IFN-gamma- and LPS-induced formation of neopterin and degradation of tryptophan. Neopterin 123-132 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 83-92 12488496-2 2002 Monocytes/macrophages are known to secrete large amounts of neopterin upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 60-69 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 92-108 12488496-2 2002 Monocytes/macrophages are known to secrete large amounts of neopterin upon stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 60-69 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 110-119 12488496-7 2002 In response to IFN-gamma, cells significantly increased their output of neopterin. Neopterin 72-81 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 15-24 12401473-1 2002 The cytokine interferon-gamma stimulates human monocytes/macrophages to release large amounts of neopterin. Neopterin 97-106 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 13-29 12011292-1 2002 Predose levels of neopterin decreased significantly, consistent with a long-term decrease in IFNgamma expression and macrophage activation during IFNbeta-1a treatment. Neopterin 18-27 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 93-101 11141332-3 2001 Increased amounts of neopterin are produced during the Th1-type immune response by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation with the Th1-derived cytokine interferon-gamma, and thus the determination of neopterin concentrations allows us to monitor Th1-type immune response. Neopterin 21-30 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 158-174 12150539-3 2002 Human macrophages stimulated by interferon-gamma generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), neopterin, and 7,8-dihydroneopterin. Neopterin 89-98 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 32-48 11876754-8 2002 We also showed that nine out of 12 patients investigated presented an increase of urinary neopterin, a marker of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages, 7 days after MAK instillation, while serum neopterin levels were almost stable. Neopterin 90-99 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 113-122 12075858-1 2002 Large amounts of neopterin are produced by interferon-(IFN)-gamma-stimulated human monocytes/macrophages, and increased neopterin concentrations indicate cellular immune activation. Neopterin 17-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 43-65 11672993-3 2001 Among them, increased concentrations of neopterin have been reported, which is produced by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation by interferon-gamma. Neopterin 40-49 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 139-155 11697129-1 2001 Interferon-gamma stimulation of human macrophages causes the synthesis and release of neopterin and its reduced form 7,8-dihydroneopterin (7,8-NP). Neopterin 86-95 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 11872013-3 2002 Neopterin (NEOP) is a metabolite derived from guanosine triphosphate with the production and release of NEOP being induced in monocytes and macrophages by cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 173-189 11872013-3 2002 Neopterin (NEOP) is a metabolite derived from guanosine triphosphate with the production and release of NEOP being induced in monocytes and macrophages by cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 191-200 11872013-3 2002 Neopterin (NEOP) is a metabolite derived from guanosine triphosphate with the production and release of NEOP being induced in monocytes and macrophages by cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 11-15 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 173-189 11872013-3 2002 Neopterin (NEOP) is a metabolite derived from guanosine triphosphate with the production and release of NEOP being induced in monocytes and macrophages by cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 11-15 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 191-200 11872013-3 2002 Neopterin (NEOP) is a metabolite derived from guanosine triphosphate with the production and release of NEOP being induced in monocytes and macrophages by cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 104-108 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 173-189 11872013-3 2002 Neopterin (NEOP) is a metabolite derived from guanosine triphosphate with the production and release of NEOP being induced in monocytes and macrophages by cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 104-108 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 191-200 11817676-2 2001 In human monocytes/macrophages, interferon-gamma induces increased production of neopterin and an enhanced activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, which degrades tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway. Neopterin 81-90 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 32-48 10810019-1 2000 OBJECTIVE: To investigate if severe malarial anaemia is associated with a specific immune response pattern, we determined serum levels of neopterin (a marker of activation of macrophages by interferon-gamma) and of the anti-inflammatory cytokines, interleukins 4 and 10. Neopterin 138-147 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 190-206 11156084-2 2000 Neopterin is produced and secreted by interferon-gamma-stimulated monocytic cells. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 38-54 10964663-1 2000 In vitro, interferon-gamma stimulates primate monocytes/macrophages to produce the pteridines neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin. Neopterin 94-103 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 10-26 10841949-2 2000 In this study we examined the effect of histamine and the histamine-receptor antagonists cimetidine and diphenhydramine on the production of neopterin after stimulation with IFN-gamma in the myelomonocytoma cell line THP-1. Neopterin 141-150 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 174-183 10841949-3 2000 Increasing concentrations of histamine markedly suppressed IFN-gamma induced neopterin formation. Neopterin 77-86 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 59-68 10841949-4 2000 Simultaneous preincubation of THP-1 cells with histamine, IFN-gamma and different concentrations of the H(2)-receptor antagonist cimetidine showed a clear antagonizing effect on neopterin formation. Neopterin 178-187 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 58-67 10810020-0 2000 Markers of inflammation in children with severe malarial anaemia objective To investigate if severe malarial anaemia is associated with a specific immune response pattern, we determined serum levels of neopterin (a marker of activation of macrophages by interferon-gamma) and of the anti-inflammatory cytokines, interleukins 4 and 10. methods Zambian children < 6 years of age presenting to a rural hospital with cerebral malaria were studied. Neopterin 202-211 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 254-270 10732894-4 2000 Increased serum concentration of neopterin, a pterydine derivative secreted by macrophages after stimulation by interferon-gamma, has been observed in patients with acute coronary syndromes as compared with control subjects and patients with stable angina pectoris. Neopterin 33-42 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 112-128 10648857-3 2000 Here, we have optimized a previously established test based on assessing the formation of neopterin or nitrite in interferon-gamma-treated human (THP-1) or murine (J774A.1, RAW264.7) monocytoid cell lines, respectively, in response to bacterial pyrogens. Neopterin 90-99 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 114-130 11218945-4 2000 The degree of activation of Th1-lymphocytes is responsible for the production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-2, which stimulate neopterin production in human macrophages. Neopterin 133-142 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 81-97 11059641-5 2000 IFN-gamma also stimulates the production of neopterin, a low-mass compound, in human monocytes/macrophages. Neopterin 44-53 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-9 10545071-1 1999 BACKGROUND: Neopterin, produced by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation by interferon-gamma, is a sensitive marker for monitoring Th1-cell immune response in humans. Neopterin 12-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 83-99 10547183-1 1999 Neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin are released by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 101-117 10361231-2 1999 Neopterin formation and tryptophan degradation were induced similarly by IFN-gamma in all three cell types investigated, but the effects of interleukins were different between THP-1, primary macrophages and PBMC. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 73-82 10361231-7 1999 Similarly, IL-4 and IL-10 inhibit neopterin production and tryptophan degradation in PBMC by down-regulating Th1-type cytokine production and possibly also via direct deactivation of IFN-gamma effects towards monocytes/macrophages. Neopterin 34-43 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 183-192 10361231-3 1999 In PBMC, but not in THP-1 cells and primary macrophages, IL-12 was found to be additive to the effects of IFN-gamma to superinduce neopterin formation and tryptophan degradation. Neopterin 131-140 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 106-115 10361231-6 1999 The results show that IL-12 up-regulates neopterin formation and tryptophan degradation by inducing additional IFN-gamma production by Th1 cells, while a direct effect of IL-12 on monocytes/macrophages appears to be absent. Neopterin 41-50 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 111-120 10206118-10 1999 Neopterin, a marker of macrophage activation, increased in all but one patient treated with MDT + IFN-gamma but in none treated with MDT alone, indicating that IFN-gamma was active in vivo. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 98-107 10389633-4 1999 In vitro studies revealed that human monocytes/macrophages produce neopterin when stimulated by interferon-gamma. Neopterin 67-76 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 96-112 10470106-1 1999 In vitro, large amounts of neopterin are produced by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma. Neopterin 27-36 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 103-119 10206118-10 1999 Neopterin, a marker of macrophage activation, increased in all but one patient treated with MDT + IFN-gamma but in none treated with MDT alone, indicating that IFN-gamma was active in vivo. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 160-169 9761115-1 1998 Concentrations of neopterin, which is produced by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation by interferon-gamma, were measured in urine specimens in 23 patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the oral cavity at diagnosis and in 12 treated patients with the same disease when recurrence of the tumor was recognized. Neopterin 18-27 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 98-114 9931185-3 1999 Human leukocyte antigen-DR gene expression on monocytes and serum neopterin increased after administration of IFN-gamma (P < 0.05 vs. control). Neopterin 66-75 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 110-119 11148756-2 1999 Our test system is based on the stimulation of IFN-gamma-primed human (THP-1) and murine (J774A.1 and RAW 264.7) monocytic cell lines by bacterial pyrogens to form neopterin or nitrite, respectively. Neopterin 164-173 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 47-56 9762673-3 1998 There was a significant correlation with in vitro IFN-gamma release, the absolute blood monocyte count and the serum neopterin levels, suggesting that monocytes stimulated by IFN-gamma play an important role in the TNF-alpha production. Neopterin 117-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 175-184 9892907-14 1998 Plasma levels of neopterin increased significantly during IFN-gamma treatment but not in the control group, whereas N-terminal procollagen III peptide levels did not change in either group. Neopterin 17-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 58-67 9797646-2 1998 We investigated IFN-gamma production in South African children by measurement of urinary excretion of neopterin, a product of IFN-gamma-activated monocytes or macrophages. Neopterin 102-111 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 16-25 9797646-2 1998 We investigated IFN-gamma production in South African children by measurement of urinary excretion of neopterin, a product of IFN-gamma-activated monocytes or macrophages. Neopterin 102-111 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 126-135 9113096-4 1997 In addition, interferon-gamma is the major stimulator for the biosynthesis of neopterin and its reduced form, 7,8-dihydroneopterin. Neopterin 78-87 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 13-29 9685529-1 1998 Neopterin is produced and released by human macrophages in response to stimulation with interferon-gamma and changes in neopterin concentrations indicate cellular immune activation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 88-104 8930418-5 1996 There was a significant correlation with in vitro IFN-gamma release, the absolute blood monocyte count and the serum neopterin levels, suggesting that monocytes stimulated by IFN-gamma play an important role in the TNF-alpha production. Neopterin 117-126 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 175-184 9093132-10 1997 The increase of IFN gamma, the most active principle inducing neopterin release, was below the concentration needed for neopterin stimulation. Neopterin 62-71 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 16-25 9067535-5 1997 By contrast, when PBMC were treated with colchicine or colcemide a significant reduction in neopterin formation was evident in cells without and with prestimulation by IFN-gamma or LPS. Neopterin 92-101 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 168-177 10103145-2 1997 Urinary neopterin is an index of this systemic immune activation, reflecting the circulating activity of interferon-gamma. Neopterin 8-17 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 105-121 9055793-1 1997 The aim of this study was to assess neopterin, a marker of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) induced macrophage activity, as a possible surrogate marker of inflammation in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neopterin 36-45 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 59-86 8950996-1 1996 Adult T-cell leukemia is associated with high levels of neopterin, released in large amounts from human macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma. Neopterin 56-65 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 138-154 8862284-1 1996 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with increased concentrations of neopterin derivatives, released in large quantities by human macrophages on stimulation with interferon-gamma (INF-gamma). Neopterin 92-101 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 185-201 8878389-5 1996 The analyses showed that an increase in IFN-gamma and neopterin serum levels was a specific feature of cyclophosphamide administration and was not observed after other cytostatic drugs or total body irradiation, and that an increase in IFN-gamma, neopterin, beta2-microglobulin, and IFN-alpha release depends on the presence of T cells in the graft. Neopterin 247-256 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 40-49 8913279-3 1996 Interferon-gamma is a well known stimulus for THP-1 cells inducing e.g. neopterin production and tryptophan degradation. Neopterin 72-81 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 8913279-4 1996 Treatment of cells with 50 micrograms/ml 90K induced significant neopterin formation, and the exposure of cells to 90K in addition to 100 U/ml interferon-gamma amplified neopterin production compared to the sole effect of interferon-gamma. Neopterin 170-179 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 143-159 8862284-1 1996 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with increased concentrations of neopterin derivatives, released in large quantities by human macrophages on stimulation with interferon-gamma (INF-gamma). Neopterin 92-101 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 203-212 8886794-1 1996 Neopterin, 6-D-erythro-1",2",3"-trihydroxypropyl-pterin, and its dihydroform, 7,8-dihydro-neopterin, are synthesized by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation by interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 168-184 8975455-1 1996 Neopterin, a pteridine derivate, is produced and released by lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages after stimulation by T-cell derived interferon (IFN) gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 135-157 8877405-2 1996 Neopterin production was not induced when the human myelomono-cytoma cell line THP-1 was stimulated with these toxins, and there was only a slight co-stimulatory effect of streptococcal erythrogenic toxin A together with interferon-gamma stimulation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 221-237 8877405-4 1996 This neopterin formation could be blocked by anti-human interferon-gamma. Neopterin 5-14 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 56-72 8877405-6 1996 However, the data obtained in peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture imply that these toxins are able to stimulate neopterin production in humans via the induction of huge amounts of interferon-gamma. Neopterin 118-127 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 186-202 27406429-4 1996 In various diseases concentrations of sTNF-Rs correlate strongly with levels of neopterin, large amounts of which being released from human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma. Neopterin 80-89 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 184-200 9061375-1 1996 Activated cell-mediated immunity is accompanied by elevated concentrations of interferon-gamma leading to the secretion of neopterin-derivatives which are known as sensitive immune activation markers in clinical laboratory diagnosis. Neopterin 123-132 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 78-94 8579853-11 1996 It has been reported that TNF-alpha enhances the effect of IFN-gamma for neopterin release by macrophages in vitro and that dexamethasone has the same effect on IFN-gamma as TNF-alpha. Neopterin 73-82 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 59-68 8579853-12 1996 The present study suggests that elevation of CSF neopterin in bacterial meningitis results from monocytes/macrophages costimulated with IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and dexamethasone used in treatment. Neopterin 49-58 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 136-145 7616451-13 1995 In addition, once IFN-gamma is produced, it primes macrophages for tumor killing that in turn secrete neopterin. Neopterin 102-111 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 18-27 7498243-4 1995 A potential candidate is neopterin which is released by monocytes/macrophages when stimulated with IFN-gamma, excreted unchanged in urine, and appears to be an early and sensitive marker for activation of the immune system. Neopterin 25-34 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 99-108 7498243-10 1995 There was a good correlation between serum IFN-gamma and urine neopterin. Neopterin 63-72 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 43-52 8082110-2 1994 Neopterin, which is produced by activated macrophages under the control of interferon-gamma, is one of the indices of immune activation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 75-91 7964172-1 1994 Neopterin is a pteridine produced by human mononuclear phagocytes, usually in response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 90-106 7964172-1 1994 Neopterin is a pteridine produced by human mononuclear phagocytes, usually in response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulation. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 108-117 7964172-5 1994 The HIV-infected cells responded to stimulation with IFN-gamma as well as uninfected cells, with a 6- to 12-fold increase in neopterin production. Neopterin 125-134 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 53-62 7964172-6 1994 We conclude that elevated serum levels of neopterin in HIV-infected individuals are not caused by HIV-1 infection of mononuclear phagocytes but may be a result of the normal response to mononuclear phagocytes to increased levels of IFN-gamma. Neopterin 42-51 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 232-241 7925931-5 1994 In humans, interferon-gamma induces the release of neopterin and 7,8-dihydroneopterin and also the synthesis of nitric oxide radical which in turn stimulate the formation of cGMP. Neopterin 51-60 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 11-27 7603365-2 1995 Neopterin secretion by U937 cells was enhanced by the addition of human interferon gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 72-99 7913474-8 1994 Serum and CSF levels of sICAM-1 correlated with neopterin levels, a marker of interferon-gamma-mediated macrophage activation and CSF sICAM-1 levels were inversely correlated to numbers of CD4+ T cells. Neopterin 48-57 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 78-94 8307184-1 1994 We have previously shown that neopterin, 6-D-erythro-trihydroxypropyl-pteridine, synthesized by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation by interferon-gamma, enhances toxicity of reactive oxygen at neutral or slightly alkaline pH (7.5), but not at acidic pH (below 6.5). Neopterin 30-39 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 144-160 8313661-0 1994 Serum neopterin as a parameter for monitoring the course of renal cell carcinoma during interferon-gamma therapy. Neopterin 6-15 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 88-104 8313661-6 1994 In contrast to previous studies, the present report shows that although serum neopterin is an appropriate marker for IFN-gamma-induced reinforcement of monocyte/macrophage activity, it is not suitable for monitoring the course of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Neopterin 78-87 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 117-126 7911045-7 1994 The data suggest that endogenous formation of interferon-gamma may be an important mediator of wasting in HIV infection, since this cytokine is responsible for the observed elevation of neopterin concentrations in body fluids. Neopterin 186-195 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 46-62 8290891-0 1994 Interferon-gamma stimulates neopterin release from cultured kidney epithelial cells. Neopterin 28-37 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 0-16 8110731-1 1994 Circulating neopterin is derived from monocytes and/or macrophages that produce it upon stimulation by interferon-gamma released from activated T cells. Neopterin 12-21 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 103-119 8290891-2 1994 In this study interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) was shown to induce neopterin release from KEC in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Neopterin 63-72 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 14-41 8290891-4 1994 By itself TNF-alpha induced a release of small amounts of neopterin but strongly potentiated the effect of IFN-gamma in a synergistic manner to induce neopterin secretion. Neopterin 151-160 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 107-116 8314853-2 1993 [1989] FEBS Lett., 250:622-624), the interferon-gamma induced neopterin production by human monocytes/macrophages (Huber et al. Neopterin 62-71 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 37-53 8138825-7 1993 In CSF of RRMS patients neopterin and L-TRP correlated negatively, reflecting the interferon-gamma mediated activation of macrophages in acute relapse. Neopterin 24-33 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 82-98 8456113-5 1993 In contrast, tin-protoporphyrin enhanced the IFN-gamma effects as seen by increased neopterin production, enhanced tryptophan degradation, and elevated HLA-DR antigen expression on cells. Neopterin 84-93 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 45-54 8385632-1 1993 Neopterin, a pyrazino-pyrimidine derivative, is synthesized in excess by human monocytes/macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma, a cytokine derived from activated I cells. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 123-139 8456113-2 1993 In this study, we compared the effects of heme, several metalloporphyrins, protoporphyrin IX, and iron on the signal or IFN-gamma-mediated pathways, such as the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens, neopterin formation, and the degradation of tryptophan. Neopterin 227-236 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 120-129 8490055-4 1993 In addition, we found significant correlations between neopterin and interferon-gamma (rs = 0.417, p < 0.05), and between neopterin and soluble CD8 concentrations (rs = 0.430, p < 0.05). Neopterin 55-64 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 69-85 8490055-9 1993 Endogenous interferon-gamma, which is derived from activated T-cells, may induce neopterin release by monocytes/macrophages. Neopterin 81-90 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 11-27 8499767-1 1993 Large amounts of neopterin are produced and released from human macrophages on stimulation with interferon-gamma. Neopterin 17-26 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 96-112 8453258-4 1993 Biochemical changes, the formation of neopterin, the degradation of tryptophan are closely related to interferon-gamma activity. Neopterin 38-47 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 102-118 8450066-7 1993 In particular, IL-1 beta and neopterin production were further enhanced by stimulation with either interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or TNF-alpha without a synergistic effect. Neopterin 29-38 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 99-115 8450066-7 1993 In particular, IL-1 beta and neopterin production were further enhanced by stimulation with either interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or TNF-alpha without a synergistic effect. Neopterin 29-38 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 117-126 1591013-10 1992 These studies suggest that IFN-gamma stimulates human AM to produce neopterin and degrade tryptophan more potently than IFN-beta, and that low concentrations of LPS can synergistically enhance such effects of interferons on tissue macrophage metabolism. Neopterin 68-77 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 27-36 8159911-2 1993 Measurement of urine neopterin, product of a metabolic pathway controlled by interferon-gamma, has been found useful in many clinical conditions. Neopterin 21-30 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 77-93 1477185-0 1992 Contrasting effects of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 on neopterin generation from human adherent monocytes. Neopterin 61-70 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 23-39 1477185-2 1992 Neopterin appears to be produced by human macrophages specifically stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 83-99 1477185-2 1992 Neopterin appears to be produced by human macrophages specifically stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 101-110 1477185-10 1992 These findings indicate that IL-4 can regulate the synthesis of neopterin by adherent blood mononuclear cells and provide further evidence that LPS-induced neopterin in macrophages may act by IFN-gamma-independent mechanisms. Neopterin 156-165 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 192-201 1591013-6 1992 Both interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interferon-beta (IFN-beta) induced neopterin production and tryptophan degradation by AM with corresponding inhibition of intracellular replication by Chlamydia psittaci in AM, but IFN-gamma was a more potent inducer of these responses than IFN-beta. Neopterin 73-82 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 23-32 1606739-0 1992 Different lymphoid cell populations produce varied levels of neopterin, beta 2-microglobulin and soluble IL-2 receptor when stimulated with IL-2, interferon-gamma or tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Neopterin 61-70 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 146-194 1606739-5 1992 In vitro addition of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or IL-2 stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce neopterin, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-M) and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R). Neopterin 115-124 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 21-37 1606739-5 1992 In vitro addition of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or IL-2 stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce neopterin, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-M) and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R). Neopterin 115-124 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 39-48 1606740-0 1992 Neopterin release from human endothelial cells is triggered by interferon-gamma. Neopterin 0-9 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 63-79 1606740-3 1992 While IFN-gamma induced neopterin release from HUVEC in a time- and dose-dependent manner, all the other cytokines used had no effect on neopterin production. Neopterin 24-33 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 6-15 1587306-1 1992 This investigation demonstrates that low concentrations (25 microM) of free and transferrin-bound iron reduce the efficiency of the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) signal in the human myelomonocytic cell line THP-1, as seen by decreased production of neopterin, reduced degradation of tryptophan, and impaired expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens. Neopterin 248-257 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 150-159 1627268-1 1992 Large amounts of D-erythro-neopterin, a pteridine derivative, are formed from guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by human macrophages upon stimulation with interferon-gamma. Neopterin 17-36 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 150-166 1489521-4 1992 In recent years it was shown that production and release of neopterin is inducible in human monocytes/macrophages by interferon gamma. Neopterin 60-69 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 117-133 1811217-5 1991 Thus, the fever of vivax malaria was associated with IFN-gamma induced macrophage activation, as reflected by neopterin excretion. Neopterin 110-119 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 53-62 1919633-4 1991 On the other hand, TNF alpha and IFN gamma appeared to have an additive stimulatory effect on the production of neopterin by monocytes. Neopterin 112-121 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 33-42 1919633-5 1991 The highest serum levels of neopterin were detected in patients who received the highest doses of both IFN gamma and TNF alpha. Neopterin 28-37 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 103-112 1612635-5 1992 In vitro, interferon-gamma induces the formation of neopterin in human monocytes/macrophages. Neopterin 52-61 interferon gamma Homo sapiens 10-26