PMID-sentid Pub_year Sent_text comp_official_name comp_offsetprotein_name organism prot_offset 1654334-1 1991 Retinoic acid-induced expression of CRABP-II but not CRABP-I in adult human skin in vivo and in skin fibroblasts in vitro. Tretinoin 0-13 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 36-44 1654334-6 1991 External application of 0.1% retinoic acid cream in vivo for 16 h resulted in a 16-fold induction of CRABP-II transcripts, while CRABP-I mRNA remained undetectable. Tretinoin 29-42 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 101-109 1654334-7 1991 Expression of CRABP-II, but not CRABP-I mRNA, was also markedly increased (greater than 15-fold) by retinoic acid treatment of fibroblasts cultured from human skin, whereas no significant induction of CRABP-II mRNA was observed in human lung fibroblasts. Tretinoin 100-113 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 14-22 1654334-9 1991 The marked inducibility of the CRABP-II gene is compatible with the idea that this isoform is important in retinoic acid-mediated regulation of human skin growth and differentiation. Tretinoin 107-120 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 31-39 31419991-2 2019 Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) belongs to fatty acid binding protein (FABP) family which binds with all-trans retinoic acid (RA). Tretinoin 119-142 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-40 33832420-1 2021 Retinoic acid (RA) binding proteins, CRABP1 and CRABP2, are molecular chaperones that mediate intracellular activity of RA, the key promoter of cell differentiation with tumor suppressor activity. Tretinoin 0-13 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 48-54 33832420-1 2021 Retinoic acid (RA) binding proteins, CRABP1 and CRABP2, are molecular chaperones that mediate intracellular activity of RA, the key promoter of cell differentiation with tumor suppressor activity. Tretinoin 15-17 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 48-54 33832420-7 2021 At the same time, we found strong correlation between the expression of CRABP1 and CRABP2 proteins in all studied cell types, regardless of their origin and RA-sensitivity/resistance. Tretinoin 73-75 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 83-89 33832420-8 2021 Moreover, suppression of the CRABP1 level in both RA-sensitive and RA-resistant cells was shown in the cells with cells with knockdown of CRABP2 gene. Tretinoin 30-32 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 138-144 33832420-8 2021 Moreover, suppression of the CRABP1 level in both RA-sensitive and RA-resistant cells was shown in the cells with cells with knockdown of CRABP2 gene. Tretinoin 50-52 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 138-144 32780252-3 2020 Retinoic acid via cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and differentiation, while it via fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is involved in survival, cell proliferation and angiogenesis, which pathway gets activated depends on the CRABP2/FABP5 ratio. Tretinoin 0-13 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 18-58 32780252-3 2020 Retinoic acid via cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and differentiation, while it via fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is involved in survival, cell proliferation and angiogenesis, which pathway gets activated depends on the CRABP2/FABP5 ratio. Tretinoin 0-13 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 60-66 32780252-3 2020 Retinoic acid via cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and differentiation, while it via fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is involved in survival, cell proliferation and angiogenesis, which pathway gets activated depends on the CRABP2/FABP5 ratio. Tretinoin 0-13 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 289-295 32013828-2 2020 The RA transporter, Cellular Retinoic-Acid Binding Protein 2 (CRABP2), abnormally expressed in various tumor types. Tretinoin 4-6 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 20-60 32013828-2 2020 The RA transporter, Cellular Retinoic-Acid Binding Protein 2 (CRABP2), abnormally expressed in various tumor types. Tretinoin 4-6 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 62-68 31736873-1 2019 Background: Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) mediates retinoic acid/RA anti-cancer pathways. Tretinoin 21-34 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 54-60 34480899-10 2021 These results suggest that P450 27C1 directly accepts all-trans retinol and retinaldehyde from CRBP-1 and all-trans retinoic acid from CRABP-2, but not from CRABP-1. Tretinoin 116-129 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 135-142 35565751-1 2022 Cellular retinoic acid binding proteins (CRABP1 and CRABP2) bind all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, with high affinity. Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 52-58 35565751-1 2022 Cellular retinoic acid binding proteins (CRABP1 and CRABP2) bind all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, with high affinity. Tretinoin 65-88 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 52-58 35565751-1 2022 Cellular retinoic acid binding proteins (CRABP1 and CRABP2) bind all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, with high affinity. Tretinoin 90-94 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 52-58 35565751-2 2022 CRABP1 and CRABP2 have been shown to interact with the atRA-clearing cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP26B1 and CYP26C1 and with nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs). Tretinoin 130-143 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 11-17 35565751-3 2022 We hypothesized that CRABP1 and CRABP2 also alter atRA metabolism and clearance by CYP26A1, the third key atRA-metabolizing enzyme in the CYP26 family. Tretinoin 50-54 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 32-38 35565751-6 2022 In comparison, the apparent kcat value was about 30% lower (0.71 +- 0.07 min-1 for holo-CRABP1 and 0.75 +- 0.09 min-1 for holo-CRABP2) in the presence of CRABPs than with free atRA (1.07 +- 0.08 min-1). Tretinoin 176-180 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 127-133 32685464-1 2020 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2) binds retinoic acid (RA) in the cytoplasm and transports it into the nucleus, allowing for the regulation of specific downstream signal pathway. Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 42-48 32685464-1 2020 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2) binds retinoic acid (RA) in the cytoplasm and transports it into the nucleus, allowing for the regulation of specific downstream signal pathway. Tretinoin 43-45 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-40 31566355-0 2019 Retinoic Acid Binding Leads to CRABP2 Rigidification and Dimerization. Tretinoin 0-13 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 31-37 31566355-1 2019 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2) delivers all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) to retinoic acid receptors (RARs), allowing for the activation of specific gene transcription. Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 42-48 31566355-2 2019 The structural similarities between free and atRA-bound CRABP2 raise the questions of how atRA binding occurs and how the atRA:CRABP2 complex is recognized by downstream binding partners. Tretinoin 45-49 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 56-62 31566355-2 2019 The structural similarities between free and atRA-bound CRABP2 raise the questions of how atRA binding occurs and how the atRA:CRABP2 complex is recognized by downstream binding partners. Tretinoin 45-49 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 127-133 31566355-2 2019 The structural similarities between free and atRA-bound CRABP2 raise the questions of how atRA binding occurs and how the atRA:CRABP2 complex is recognized by downstream binding partners. Tretinoin 90-94 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 56-62 31566355-4 2019 The data showed that free CRABP2 displays widespread intermediate-time scale dynamics that is effectively suppressed upon atRA binding. Tretinoin 122-126 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 26-32 31566355-6 2019 Unexpectedly, CRABP2 rigidification in response to atRA binding leads to the stabilization of a homodimerization interface, which encompasses residues located on helix alpha2 and the betaC-betaD loop as well as residues on strands betaI-betaA and the betaH-betaI loop. Tretinoin 51-55 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 14-20 31566355-7 2019 Critically, this rigidification also affects CRABP2"s nuclear localization signal and RAR-binding motif, suggesting that the loss of conformational entropy upon atRA binding may be the key for the diverse cellular functions of CRABP2. Tretinoin 161-165 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 45-51 31566355-7 2019 Critically, this rigidification also affects CRABP2"s nuclear localization signal and RAR-binding motif, suggesting that the loss of conformational entropy upon atRA binding may be the key for the diverse cellular functions of CRABP2. Tretinoin 161-165 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 227-233 31419991-2 2019 Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) belongs to fatty acid binding protein (FABP) family which binds with all-trans retinoic acid (RA). Tretinoin 119-142 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 42-48 31419991-2 2019 Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) belongs to fatty acid binding protein (FABP) family which binds with all-trans retinoic acid (RA). Tretinoin 43-45 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-40 28350049-0 2017 Activation of the CRABPII/RAR pathway by curcumin induces retinoic acid mediated apoptosis in retinoic acid resistant breast cancer cells. Tretinoin 58-71 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 18-25 30894514-6 2019 We demonstrate that resveratrol interferes with the reprogramming of the retinoic acid signaling pathway in decidualizing HESCs by accelerating down-regulation of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2) and retinoic acid receptor (RAR). Tretinoin 73-86 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 163-203 30894514-6 2019 We demonstrate that resveratrol interferes with the reprogramming of the retinoic acid signaling pathway in decidualizing HESCs by accelerating down-regulation of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2) and retinoic acid receptor (RAR). Tretinoin 73-86 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 205-211 29480012-5 2018 We retrospectively validate our approach using mutagenesis data for retinoic acid binding to the Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein II (CRABPII) system and then make prospective predictions that are borne out experimentally. Tretinoin 68-81 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 97-138 29480012-5 2018 We retrospectively validate our approach using mutagenesis data for retinoic acid binding to the Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein II (CRABPII) system and then make prospective predictions that are borne out experimentally. Tretinoin 68-81 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 140-147 29480012-6 2018 The overall performance of our approach is supported by its success in identifying mutants that show high or even sub-nano-molar binding affinities of retinoic acid to the CRABPII system. Tretinoin 151-164 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 172-179 29267673-2 2017 Recent studies have demonstrated that CRABP2 plays important roles in the retinoic acid, beta-catenin and Notch signaling pathways, as well as in the interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal cells, which are important for human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and tooth development. Tretinoin 74-87 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 38-44 28840512-6 2017 In addition, nanomolar levels of retinoic acid elicited increased nuclear trafficking of the CRABP2, which is traditionally associated with gene expression of cellular pathways related to neuronal differentiation. Tretinoin 33-46 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 93-99 28840512-7 2017 Collectively, these results show that nanomolar concentrations of retinoic acid are capable of inducing both structural and functional neuron-like features in HTB-11 cells using CRABP2, suggesting differentiation in neuroblastoma cells into neuronal phenotypes. Tretinoin 66-79 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 178-184 30728260-6 2019 In contrast, ATRA binding to CRABP2 potently inhibited HCV via suppression of LD accumulation. Tretinoin 13-17 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 29-35 30322383-2 2018 In addition to nuclear receptors, there are other intracellular RA binding proteins such as cellular retinoic acid binding proteins (CRABP1 and CRABP2) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, whose contributions to the RA signaling pathway have not been fully understood. Tretinoin 64-66 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 144-150 28566049-2 2018 The ratio of FABP5 to CRABP-II in a cell may determine whether it undergoes natural apoptosis or unrestricted cell growth in the presence of retinoic acid. Tretinoin 141-154 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 22-30 29596381-9 2018 Our results demonstrate for the first time: (1) the therapeutic value of resveratrol by itself or in combination with RA in the management of ATCs, (2) the capacity of resveratrol to overcome RA resistance in ATC cells by reprogramming CRABP2/RAR- and fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5)/PPAR-beta/delta-mediated RA signaling, and (3) the redifferentiating potential of resveratrol in ATC cells. Tretinoin 192-194 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 236-242 29131833-10 2017 We furthermore demonstrated that ATRA signaling was functional for common targets, and that mRNA expression of CRABP2 and its targets was raised by ATRA therapy, whereas alternative pathways via FABP5 were not induced. Tretinoin 33-37 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 111-117 29131833-10 2017 We furthermore demonstrated that ATRA signaling was functional for common targets, and that mRNA expression of CRABP2 and its targets was raised by ATRA therapy, whereas alternative pathways via FABP5 were not induced. Tretinoin 148-152 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 111-117 28643469-3 2017 Silencing of cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) could impede the ATRA-induced upregulation of COL9A1, whereas overexpression of CRABP2 presented the opposite effect. Tretinoin 80-84 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 13-53 28643469-3 2017 Silencing of cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) could impede the ATRA-induced upregulation of COL9A1, whereas overexpression of CRABP2 presented the opposite effect. Tretinoin 80-84 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 55-61 28502478-4 2017 CRABP2 is a transcriptional co-activator of retinoic acid signaling. Tretinoin 44-57 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-6 28502478-12 2017 These data suggest a retinoic acid-independent, non-tumor suppressor role of CRABP2 for the survival of MPNST cells in vitro. Tretinoin 21-34 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 77-83 28350049-0 2017 Activation of the CRABPII/RAR pathway by curcumin induces retinoic acid mediated apoptosis in retinoic acid resistant breast cancer cells. Tretinoin 94-107 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 18-25 28350049-9 2017 These findings provide mechanistic insights into sensitizing TNBC cells to RA-mediated cell death by curcumin-induced upregulation of the CRABPII/RAR pathway. Tretinoin 75-77 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 138-145 26945879-2 2016 Retinoic acid binding protein II (CRABP-II) is a cytoplasmic receptor that critically regulates all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) trafficking. Tretinoin 96-119 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 34-42 27191344-10 2016 Treatment of breast cancer cells with probe 4 attenuates nuclear hormone receptor activity mediated by retinoic acid, an endogenous client lipid of CRABP2. Tretinoin 103-116 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 148-154 26893190-6 2016 Treatment of malignant glioma cell lines with RA results in a dose-dependent increase in accumulation of CRABP2 in the cytoplasm. Tretinoin 46-48 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 105-111 26893190-10 2016 Our combined in vivo and in vitro data indicate that: (i) CRABP2 is an important determinant of clinical outcome in GBM patients, and (ii) the mechanism of action of CRABP2 in GBM involves sequestration of RA in the cytoplasm and activation of an anti-apoptotic pathway, thereby enhancing proliferation and preventing RA-mediated cell death and differentiation. Tretinoin 59-61 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 166-172 26945879-2 2016 Retinoic acid binding protein II (CRABP-II) is a cytoplasmic receptor that critically regulates all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) trafficking. Tretinoin 121-125 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 34-42 26945879-6 2016 CRABP-II-transfected HaCaT, FaDu, and A431 cells showed expression of differentiation markers, retinoic acid receptor-beta/-gamma signaling, ATRA sensitivity, and suppression of EGFR/v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT) pathways in a fatty acid binding protein 5/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta/-delta-independent manner. Tretinoin 141-145 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-8 26945879-9 2016 Our results showed reduced CRABP-II expression in human poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas, and its gene deletion favored experimental skin carcinogenesis and impaired ATRA antitumor efficacy, likely modulating EGFR/AKT pathways and retinoic acid receptor-beta/-gamma signaling. Tretinoin 180-184 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 27-35 26839961-2 2016 Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is a member of the retinoic acid (RA) and lipocalin/cytosolic fatty-acid binding protein family and plays a completely contrary role in tumorigenesis through the retinoid signaling pathway, depending on the nuclear RA receptors (RAR) and PPARbeta/delta receptors. Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 42-48 26839961-2 2016 Cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) is a member of the retinoic acid (RA) and lipocalin/cytosolic fatty-acid binding protein family and plays a completely contrary role in tumorigenesis through the retinoid signaling pathway, depending on the nuclear RA receptors (RAR) and PPARbeta/delta receptors. Tretinoin 43-45 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-40 27830505-3 2016 Partitioning RA between RARs and PPARbeta/delta is governed by different intracellular lipid-binding proteins: cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2) delivers RA to nuclear RARs and a fatty acid binding protein (FABP5) delivers the hormone from the cytosol to nuclear PPARbeta/delta. Tretinoin 13-15 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 111-140 27830505-3 2016 Partitioning RA between RARs and PPARbeta/delta is governed by different intracellular lipid-binding proteins: cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2) delivers RA to nuclear RARs and a fatty acid binding protein (FABP5) delivers the hormone from the cytosol to nuclear PPARbeta/delta. Tretinoin 13-15 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 142-148 27830505-3 2016 Partitioning RA between RARs and PPARbeta/delta is governed by different intracellular lipid-binding proteins: cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2) delivers RA to nuclear RARs and a fatty acid binding protein (FABP5) delivers the hormone from the cytosol to nuclear PPARbeta/delta. Tretinoin 24-26 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 111-140 27830505-3 2016 Partitioning RA between RARs and PPARbeta/delta is governed by different intracellular lipid-binding proteins: cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2) delivers RA to nuclear RARs and a fatty acid binding protein (FABP5) delivers the hormone from the cytosol to nuclear PPARbeta/delta. Tretinoin 24-26 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 142-148 27830505-4 2016 Consequently, RA signals through RARs in CRABP2-expressing cells, but activates PPARbeta/delta in cells that express a high level of FABP5. Tretinoin 14-16 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 41-47 27830505-5 2016 RA elicits different and sometimes opposing responses in cells that express different FABP5/CRABP2 ratios because PPARbeta/delta and RARs regulate the expression of distinct sets of genes. Tretinoin 0-2 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 92-98 26142905-3 2015 The expression and subcellular distribution of two RA-binding proteins, FABP5 and CRABP2, has already been shown to play critical roles in breast cancer cell response to RA. Tretinoin 51-53 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 82-88 26416422-5 2015 The partitioning of RA between these receptors is regulated by two carrier proteins: cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2), which delivers RA to RARs, and fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5), which shuttles ligands to PPARbeta/delta. Tretinoin 20-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 85-125 26416422-5 2015 The partitioning of RA between these receptors is regulated by two carrier proteins: cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (CRABP2), which delivers RA to RARs, and fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5), which shuttles ligands to PPARbeta/delta. Tretinoin 20-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 127-133 26142905-17 2015 We propose that these three RA-binding proteins can serve as biomarkers for predicting triple-negative breast cancer response to RA, with elevated levels of either cytoplasmic CRABP1 or FABP5 associated with RA resistance, and elevated levels of nuclear CRABP2 associated with sensitivity to RA. Tretinoin 28-30 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 254-260 26142905-17 2015 We propose that these three RA-binding proteins can serve as biomarkers for predicting triple-negative breast cancer response to RA, with elevated levels of either cytoplasmic CRABP1 or FABP5 associated with RA resistance, and elevated levels of nuclear CRABP2 associated with sensitivity to RA. Tretinoin 129-131 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 254-260 26142905-17 2015 We propose that these three RA-binding proteins can serve as biomarkers for predicting triple-negative breast cancer response to RA, with elevated levels of either cytoplasmic CRABP1 or FABP5 associated with RA resistance, and elevated levels of nuclear CRABP2 associated with sensitivity to RA. Tretinoin 129-131 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 254-260 22153617-0 2012 CRABP-II methylation: a critical determinant of retinoic acid resistance of medulloblastoma cells. Tretinoin 48-61 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-8 23337719-1 2013 CONTEXT: Retinoic acid (RA) may promote survival or apoptosis of cells, depending on the levels of binding proteins: apoptosis-inducing cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2), and cell survival-promoting fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5). Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 136-165 23337719-1 2013 CONTEXT: Retinoic acid (RA) may promote survival or apoptosis of cells, depending on the levels of binding proteins: apoptosis-inducing cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2), and cell survival-promoting fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5). Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 167-173 23337719-1 2013 CONTEXT: Retinoic acid (RA) may promote survival or apoptosis of cells, depending on the levels of binding proteins: apoptosis-inducing cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2), and cell survival-promoting fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5). Tretinoin 24-26 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 136-165 23337719-1 2013 CONTEXT: Retinoic acid (RA) may promote survival or apoptosis of cells, depending on the levels of binding proteins: apoptosis-inducing cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2), and cell survival-promoting fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5). Tretinoin 24-26 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 167-173 23337719-2 2013 Increased cellular uptake of retinol and altered actions of RA related to reduced expression of CRABP2 may contribute to the development of endometriosis. Tretinoin 60-62 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 96-102 23337719-11 2013 CONCLUSIONS: Simvastatin interacts with the RA system, inducing the expression of the key protein regulating the uptake of retinol (STRA6) and the expression of apoptosis-promoting CRABP2. Tretinoin 44-46 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 181-187 23327868-1 2013 BACKGROUND: The cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) and epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (E-FABP) both serving as the transport protein of retinoic acid (RA), through RA signal transduction pathway, commit the cell to opposite fate, apoptosis or survival. Tretinoin 25-38 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 59-66 23327868-1 2013 BACKGROUND: The cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) and epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (E-FABP) both serving as the transport protein of retinoic acid (RA), through RA signal transduction pathway, commit the cell to opposite fate, apoptosis or survival. Tretinoin 60-62 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 16-57 23327868-1 2013 BACKGROUND: The cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) and epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (E-FABP) both serving as the transport protein of retinoic acid (RA), through RA signal transduction pathway, commit the cell to opposite fate, apoptosis or survival. Tretinoin 174-176 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 16-57 23327868-1 2013 BACKGROUND: The cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) and epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (E-FABP) both serving as the transport protein of retinoic acid (RA), through RA signal transduction pathway, commit the cell to opposite fate, apoptosis or survival. Tretinoin 174-176 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 59-66 25797252-0 2015 CRABP-II- and FABP5-independent responsiveness of human glioblastoma cells to all-trans retinoic acid. Tretinoin 88-101 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-8 24709110-1 2014 CRABP-II, a retinoic acid binding protein, shuffles retinoic acid from cytoplasm into nucleus and forms a complex with nuclear retinoic acid receptor to facilitate transcriptional activities of retinoic acid. Tretinoin 12-25 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-8 24269351-5 2014 Changes observed in the expression of factors involved in the retinoid pathway under ATRA, namely an upregulation of CRBP and CRABP2, were also reflected in GCT tissues of different histologies, providing further insight into factors involved in the differentiation of these pluripotent tumors. Tretinoin 85-89 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 126-132 23833249-3 2013 Here we present that only a subset of murine and human DCs express the necessary enzymes, including RDH10, RALDH2, and transporter cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP)2, to produce ATRA and efficient signaling. Tretinoin 191-195 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 171-178 23833249-6 2013 In our model of human mo-DCs, all three proteins (RDH10, RALDH2, and CRABP2) appeared to be required for ATRA production induced by activation of PPARgamma and therefore form a linear pathway. Tretinoin 105-109 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 69-75 23423514-1 2013 The ratio between FABP5 and CRABPII determines cellular response to physiological level of retinoic acid; tumor cells undergo proliferation with high level of FABP5 and apoptosis with high level of CRABPII. Tretinoin 91-104 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 28-35 23423514-1 2013 The ratio between FABP5 and CRABPII determines cellular response to physiological level of retinoic acid; tumor cells undergo proliferation with high level of FABP5 and apoptosis with high level of CRABPII. Tretinoin 91-104 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 198-205 23423514-2 2013 We intended to study FABP5 and CRABPII expression in craniopharyngiomas, to establish craniopharyngioma cell model using explants method, and to study the effect of pharmacological dose of retinoic acid on craniopharyngioma cells. Tretinoin 189-202 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 31-38 23423514-9 2013 Also, retinoic acid increased CRABPII, and decreased FABP5 and NF-kappaB expression in craniopharyngioma cells. Tretinoin 6-19 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 30-37 23423514-11 2013 Retinoic acid at pharmacological level induced craniopharyngioma cell apoptosis via increasing FABP5/CRABPII ratio and inhibiting NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Tretinoin 0-13 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 101-108 22658364-3 2012 As a CRABP-II-recognizing moiety, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA, 3), a physiological ligand of CRABP, was chosen. Tretinoin 44-57 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 5-13 22658364-3 2012 As a CRABP-II-recognizing moiety, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA, 3), a physiological ligand of CRABP, was chosen. Tretinoin 59-63 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 5-13 22153617-12 2012 In conclusion, aberrant methylation in CRABP-II reduces the expression of CRABP-II that in turn confers RA resistance in medulloblastoma cells. Tretinoin 40-42 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 74-82 18254885-3 2008 To bind to RAR, retinoic acid is carried into the nucleus by the cytosolic cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-II; to bind to PPAR beta/delta, it is transported into the nucleus by the cytosolic fatty acid-binding protein 5. Tretinoin 16-29 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 75-116 23383387-5 2012 In sporadic ALS, the cytoplasmic binding protein that facilitates nuclear translocation of retinoic acid, cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II), was localized to the nucleus and retinoic acid receptor beta (RARbeta) was significantly increased in motor neuron nuclei when compared to either familial ALS patients or non-neurologic disease controls. Tretinoin 91-104 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 106-147 23383387-5 2012 In sporadic ALS, the cytoplasmic binding protein that facilitates nuclear translocation of retinoic acid, cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II), was localized to the nucleus and retinoic acid receptor beta (RARbeta) was significantly increased in motor neuron nuclei when compared to either familial ALS patients or non-neurologic disease controls. Tretinoin 91-104 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 149-157 22010213-5 2012 RESULTS: Response to ATRA was observed to be dependent upon differential expression of FABP5 versus CRABP2. Tretinoin 21-25 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 100-106 22010213-7 2012 Conversely, CRABP2 expression in the absence of FABP5 was associated with significant tumor growth inhibition with ATRA, even in gemcitabine-resistant tumors. Tretinoin 115-119 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 12-18 22010213-8 2012 The ATRA-resistant phenotype of FABP5(high)CRABP2(null) cells could be circumvented by ectopic expression of CRABP2. Tretinoin 4-8 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 43-49 22010213-8 2012 The ATRA-resistant phenotype of FABP5(high)CRABP2(null) cells could be circumvented by ectopic expression of CRABP2. Tretinoin 4-8 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 109-115 22082219-0 2012 CRABP-II- and FABP5-independent all-trans retinoic acid resistance in COLO 16 human cutaneous squamous cancer cells. Tretinoin 42-55 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-8 21998312-1 2011 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABP-II) undergoes nuclear translocation upon binding of retinoic acid (RA). Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 43-51 21998312-1 2011 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABP-II) undergoes nuclear translocation upon binding of retinoic acid (RA). Tretinoin 44-46 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-41 21998312-5 2011 We show here that RA induces interactions of CRABP-II with the E2 SUMO ligase Ubc9 and triggers SUMOylation of the protein both in vitro and in cultured cells. Tretinoin 18-20 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 45-53 21998312-9 2011 Furthermore, we show that RA-induced dissociation of CRABP-II from the ER requires SUMOylation of K102. Tretinoin 26-28 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 53-61 21998312-10 2011 Hence, SUMOylation of K102 in response to RA binding is critical for dissociation of CRABP-II from ER and, consequently, for mobilization of the protein to nucleus and for its cooperation with RAR. Tretinoin 42-44 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 85-93 21414315-2 2011 Here we show that cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II) can be specifically degraded by a novel compound, SNIPER-4, consisting of (--)-N-[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butyryl]-L-leucine methyl ester and all-trans retinoic acid that are ligands for cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1) and CRABP-II, respectively. Tretinoin 227-247 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 18-59 21414315-2 2011 Here we show that cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II) can be specifically degraded by a novel compound, SNIPER-4, consisting of (--)-N-[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butyryl]-L-leucine methyl ester and all-trans retinoic acid that are ligands for cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1) and CRABP-II, respectively. Tretinoin 227-247 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 61-69 21414315-2 2011 Here we show that cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II) can be specifically degraded by a novel compound, SNIPER-4, consisting of (--)-N-[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butyryl]-L-leucine methyl ester and all-trans retinoic acid that are ligands for cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1) and CRABP-II, respectively. Tretinoin 227-247 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 323-331 21356353-8 2011 We propose a model whereby growth-promoting FABP5 competes with growth-inhibiting CRABP2 for RA, with retention of RA in the cytoplasm by FABP5 preventing the inhibition of tumor growth. Tretinoin 93-95 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 82-88 20350780-4 2010 Treatment with retinoic acid (RA), a ligand for CRABP-II, induced HCC cell apoptosis more effectively in hypoxia than in normoxia, whereas hypoxia-induced CRABP-II expression attenuated RA-induced apoptosis. Tretinoin 15-28 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 48-56 20350780-4 2010 Treatment with retinoic acid (RA), a ligand for CRABP-II, induced HCC cell apoptosis more effectively in hypoxia than in normoxia, whereas hypoxia-induced CRABP-II expression attenuated RA-induced apoptosis. Tretinoin 15-28 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 155-163 20350780-4 2010 Treatment with retinoic acid (RA), a ligand for CRABP-II, induced HCC cell apoptosis more effectively in hypoxia than in normoxia, whereas hypoxia-induced CRABP-II expression attenuated RA-induced apoptosis. Tretinoin 30-32 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 48-56 20350780-4 2010 Treatment with retinoic acid (RA), a ligand for CRABP-II, induced HCC cell apoptosis more effectively in hypoxia than in normoxia, whereas hypoxia-induced CRABP-II expression attenuated RA-induced apoptosis. Tretinoin 30-32 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 155-163 20350780-5 2010 Inhibition of CRABP-II enhanced RA-induced apoptosis and sensitized RA-resistant HCC cells to RA cytotoxicity by attenuating p42/44 MAPK and Akt activation. Tretinoin 32-34 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 14-22 19171200-4 2009 RA (1 microM) induced CYP26A1, CYP26B1, CYP2S1, CRABPII and LRAT mRNA. Tretinoin 0-2 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 48-55 18621984-7 2008 The effect of CRABP2 silencing on elastin and RAR-beta expression in response to ATRA was measured in MRC5 lung fibroblasts. Tretinoin 81-85 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 14-20 18495924-5 2008 The observations that partitioning of RA between its two receptors is regulated by two intracellular lipid-binding proteins-CRABP-II, which targets RA to RAR, and FABP5, which delivers it to PPARbeta/delta-further suggest that RA resistance may stem from the deregulation of the binding proteins, resulting in activation of PPARbeta/delta rather than RAR. Tretinoin 38-40 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 124-132 20702525-4 2010 Partitioning of RA between the nuclear receptors RA receptor alpha and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta is regulated by cytosol-to-nuclear shuttling proteins cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2) and fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5), which induce apoptosis or enhance survival, respectively. Tretinoin 16-18 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 179-208 20702525-4 2010 Partitioning of RA between the nuclear receptors RA receptor alpha and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta is regulated by cytosol-to-nuclear shuttling proteins cellular RA binding protein 2 (CRABP2) and fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5), which induce apoptosis or enhance survival, respectively. Tretinoin 16-18 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 210-216 20308937-8 2010 We also found that homozygosity for the (A) allele of the rs12724719 SNP in the CRABP2 gene (CRABP2rs12724719(A/A)) was associated with 4.4-fold increase in umbilical cord serum RA. Tretinoin 81-83 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 93-99 20228061-1 2010 In preadipocytes, retinoic acid (RA) regulates gene expression by activating the nuclear RA receptor (RAR) and its cognate intracellular lipid-binding protein CRABP-II. Tretinoin 18-31 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 159-167 20228061-1 2010 In preadipocytes, retinoic acid (RA) regulates gene expression by activating the nuclear RA receptor (RAR) and its cognate intracellular lipid-binding protein CRABP-II. Tretinoin 33-35 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 159-167 20228061-3 2010 The data presented here indicate that the diminished ability of RA to activate RAR following induction of differentiation stems from down-regulation of CRABP-II. Tretinoin 64-66 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 152-160 19156818-1 2009 The binding of retinoic acid to mutants of Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein II (CRABPII) was evaluated to better understand the importance of the direct protein/ligand interactions. Tretinoin 15-28 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 43-84 19156818-1 2009 The binding of retinoic acid to mutants of Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein II (CRABPII) was evaluated to better understand the importance of the direct protein/ligand interactions. Tretinoin 15-28 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 86-93 19156818-3 2009 Furthermore, retinoic acid binding to CRABPII mutants that lack all previously identified interacting amino acids was rescued by providing a carboxylic acid dimer partner in the form of a Glu residue. Tretinoin 13-26 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 38-45 18805411-3 2008 We show that cellular RA-binding proteins CRABP1 and CRABP2 and the fatty acid-binding protein FABP5 are dynamically expressed during skin development and in adult tissue. Tretinoin 22-24 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 53-59 18767146-7 2008 Differential expression of the retinoic acid target genes, RARB, CRABP1, and CRABP2, indicated that deletion of TBL1XR1 compromised the function of SMRT/N-CoR in the appropriate control of gene expression. Tretinoin 31-44 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 77-83 16979656-1 2006 CRABPII is a small, cytosolic protein that solubilizes and transfers retinoic acid (RA) to the nucleus while also enhancing its transcriptional activity. Tretinoin 69-82 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-7 17512406-4 2007 Partitioning of RA between the two receptors is regulated by the intracellular lipid binding proteins CRABP-II and FABP5. Tretinoin 16-18 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 102-110 17512406-6 2007 Consequently, RA functions through RAR and is a proapoptotic agent in cells with high CRABP-II/FABP5 ratio, but it signals through PPARbeta/delta and promotes survival in cells that highly express FABP5. Tretinoin 14-16 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 86-94 17407572-13 2007 Lastly, estrogen affects retinoic acid (RA) synthesis and mobilization by regulating expression of CRABP2 and ALDH1A1. Tretinoin 25-38 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 99-105 17407572-13 2007 Lastly, estrogen affects retinoic acid (RA) synthesis and mobilization by regulating expression of CRABP2 and ALDH1A1. Tretinoin 40-42 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 99-105 17234770-1 2007 The anticarcinogenic activities of retinoic acid (RA) are believed to be mediated by the nuclear RA receptor (RAR) and by the RA-binding protein cellular RA-binding protein-II (CRABP-II). Tretinoin 35-48 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 177-185 17234770-1 2007 The anticarcinogenic activities of retinoic acid (RA) are believed to be mediated by the nuclear RA receptor (RAR) and by the RA-binding protein cellular RA-binding protein-II (CRABP-II). Tretinoin 50-52 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 177-185 17234770-6 2007 We show that induction of Btg2 by RA does not require de novo protein synthesis and is augmented by overexpression of CRABP-II. Tretinoin 34-36 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 118-126 16979656-6 2006 Comparison of our apo-WT with a mutant apo-CRABPII structure shows that mutation of Arg111, a conserved residue of CRABPII and a key residue in RA binding, causes structural changes in the molecule. Tretinoin 44-46 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 115-122 16919229-3 2006 We describe a fluorescence-based method for quantitating RA that takes advantage of the high affinity and selectivity of the intracellular lipid-binding protein termed CRABP-I and CRABP-II and that uses them as RA sensors. Tretinoin 57-59 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 180-188 16166294-7 2005 In agreement with the known role of CRABP-II in enhancing the transcriptional activity of RAR, the binding protein augmented RA-induced up-regulation of caspase 9, cooperated with RA in activating both caspase 7 and 9, and amplified the ability of RA to trigger apoptosis. Tretinoin 90-92 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 36-44 16211222-5 2005 CRABP2 is a main regulator of anti-carcinogenic activities of retinoic acid and may become a novel diagnostic marker and experimental therapeutic tool for prostate cancer. Tretinoin 62-75 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-6 18274629-4 2007 Partitioning of RA between its two receptors was found to be regulated by FABP5, which delivers it to PPARbeta/delta, and cellular RA binding protein II (CRABP-II), which targets it to RAR. Tretinoin 16-18 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 122-152 18274629-4 2007 Partitioning of RA between its two receptors was found to be regulated by FABP5, which delivers it to PPARbeta/delta, and cellular RA binding protein II (CRABP-II), which targets it to RAR. Tretinoin 16-18 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 154-162 18274629-5 2007 Consequently, RA activates PPARbeta/delta in cells that display a high FABP5/CRABP-II expression ratio. Tretinoin 14-16 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 77-85 16166294-7 2005 In agreement with the known role of CRABP-II in enhancing the transcriptional activity of RAR, the binding protein augmented RA-induced up-regulation of caspase 9, cooperated with RA in activating both caspase 7 and 9, and amplified the ability of RA to trigger apoptosis. Tretinoin 90-92 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 36-44 15866176-3 2005 This work focuses on CRABP-II, a cytosolic protein that moves to the nucleus upon binding of retinoic acid. Tretinoin 93-106 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 21-29 15866176-5 2005 We map the retinoic acid-induced structural rearrangements that result in the presence of this NLS in holo- but not apo-CRABP-II. Tretinoin 11-24 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 120-128 14766225-9 2004 The mode of action of CRABP-II in skin is to mediate retinoic acid activity. Tretinoin 53-66 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 22-30 16215318-8 2005 Using proliferation assays, CRABP-II overexpressing CAKI-2 cells did not exhibit a significant change in RA sensitivity, but appeared to be less sensitive toward RA-stimulation compared to CAKI-2 cells expressing naturally low levels of CRABP-II (maximum difference, 59% at 3 microM ATRA). Tretinoin 283-287 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 28-36 15601824-5 2004 We identified potential target genes for BAF180 in heart development, such as S100A13 as well as retinoic acid (RA)-induced targets RARbeta2 and CRABPII. Tretinoin 97-110 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 145-152 15601824-5 2004 We identified potential target genes for BAF180 in heart development, such as S100A13 as well as retinoic acid (RA)-induced targets RARbeta2 and CRABPII. Tretinoin 112-114 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 145-152 10490651-1 1999 Two sorts of proteins bind to, and mediate the developmental and homeostatic effects of, retinoic acid (RA): the RAR and RXR nuclear receptors, which act as ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators, and the cellular RA binding proteins (CRABPI and CRABPII). Tretinoin 89-102 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 251-258 14694446-12 2004 Paired related homeobox gene 2 (Prx2)/S8 homeobox, and retinoic acid (RA)-regulated nur77 and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) transcription factors are expressed preferentially in P- cells. Tretinoin 55-68 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 94-135 14694446-12 2004 Paired related homeobox gene 2 (Prx2)/S8 homeobox, and retinoic acid (RA)-regulated nur77 and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) transcription factors are expressed preferentially in P- cells. Tretinoin 55-68 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 137-144 14694446-12 2004 Paired related homeobox gene 2 (Prx2)/S8 homeobox, and retinoic acid (RA)-regulated nur77 and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) transcription factors are expressed preferentially in P- cells. Tretinoin 70-72 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 94-135 14694446-12 2004 Paired related homeobox gene 2 (Prx2)/S8 homeobox, and retinoic acid (RA)-regulated nur77 and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) transcription factors are expressed preferentially in P- cells. Tretinoin 70-72 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 137-144 12956703-2 2003 We suggest that the transcriptional activator retinoic acid (RA), takes part in gene regulation after peripheral nerve injury and that RA signalling is activated via the cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP)-II and cellular retinol binding protein (CRBP)-I. Tretinoin 46-59 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 210-219 12956703-2 2003 We suggest that the transcriptional activator retinoic acid (RA), takes part in gene regulation after peripheral nerve injury and that RA signalling is activated via the cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP)-II and cellular retinol binding protein (CRBP)-I. Tretinoin 61-63 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 210-219 12956703-2 2003 We suggest that the transcriptional activator retinoic acid (RA), takes part in gene regulation after peripheral nerve injury and that RA signalling is activated via the cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP)-II and cellular retinol binding protein (CRBP)-I. Tretinoin 135-137 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 210-219 12482873-2 2003 We have previously demonstrated that the small 15-kDa cellular RA-binding protein II (CRABPII) is a coactivator present in the RA-dependent nuclear complex. Tretinoin 63-65 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 86-93 12153175-2 2002 Intracellular retinoid signaling induced by endogenous or exogenous RA is regulated by retinoid binding proteins such as CRBPI, CRABPI and CRABPII and there are data suggesting that the expression of these proteins can influence the sensitivity to the growth inhibitory effects of ATRA. Tretinoin 68-70 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 139-146 12153175-2 2002 Intracellular retinoid signaling induced by endogenous or exogenous RA is regulated by retinoid binding proteins such as CRBPI, CRABPI and CRABPII and there are data suggesting that the expression of these proteins can influence the sensitivity to the growth inhibitory effects of ATRA. Tretinoin 281-285 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 139-146 12153175-8 2002 However, ATRA-induced upregulation of CRABPII did significantly correlate with the ATRA sensitivity (p < 0.005) as well as with ATRA-induced upregulation of the retinoid receptor RARbeta (p < 0.05). Tretinoin 9-13 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 38-45 12153175-8 2002 However, ATRA-induced upregulation of CRABPII did significantly correlate with the ATRA sensitivity (p < 0.005) as well as with ATRA-induced upregulation of the retinoid receptor RARbeta (p < 0.05). Tretinoin 83-87 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 38-45 12153175-8 2002 However, ATRA-induced upregulation of CRABPII did significantly correlate with the ATRA sensitivity (p < 0.005) as well as with ATRA-induced upregulation of the retinoid receptor RARbeta (p < 0.05). Tretinoin 83-87 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 38-45 11841795-11 2002 Similarly, incubation with ATRA resulted in a greater induction of CRABP II in these cells. Tretinoin 27-31 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 67-75 11162104-1 2001 The pleiotropic effects of retinoic acid (RA) in mammalian cells are mediated by two classes of proteins: the retinoic acid receptors (RAR), and cellular retinoic acid binding proteins (CRABP-I and CRABP-II). Tretinoin 27-40 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 198-206 11162104-1 2001 The pleiotropic effects of retinoic acid (RA) in mammalian cells are mediated by two classes of proteins: the retinoic acid receptors (RAR), and cellular retinoic acid binding proteins (CRABP-I and CRABP-II). Tretinoin 42-44 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 198-206 10860396-2 2000 CRABPII, when combined with its retinoic acid (RA) ligand, interacts specifically with the liganded RA receptor complex (RAR.RXR), which is bound to the RA response elements of particular genes in order to greatly activate their expression. Tretinoin 32-45 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-7 10860396-2 2000 CRABPII, when combined with its retinoic acid (RA) ligand, interacts specifically with the liganded RA receptor complex (RAR.RXR), which is bound to the RA response elements of particular genes in order to greatly activate their expression. Tretinoin 47-49 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-7 12485405-4 2003 PCR analysis of total mRNA from RA-treated cells showed a biphasic early induction of CRBP-I, CRABP-II, and RARgamma2 genes. Tretinoin 32-34 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 94-102 12485405-8 2003 These data suggest that the RA-specific induction of CRBP-I and CRABP-II could be an early event in the process leading to neuronal differentiation of NT2 cells. Tretinoin 28-30 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 64-72 11909957-0 2002 Direct channeling of retinoic acid between cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II and retinoic acid receptor sensitizes mammary carcinoma cells to retinoic acid-induced growth arrest. Tretinoin 21-34 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 43-84 11909957-1 2002 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABP-II) is an intracellular lipid-binding protein that associates with retinoic acid with a subnanomolar affinity. Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 43-51 11909957-2 2002 We previously showed that CRABP-II enhances the transcriptional activity of the nuclear receptor with which it shares a common ligand, namely, the retinoic acid receptor (RAR), and we suggested that it may act by delivering retinoic acid to this receptor. Tretinoin 147-160 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 26-34 11909957-4 2002 We show that CRABP-II, a predominantly cytosolic protein, massively undergoes nuclear localization upon binding of retinoic acid; that it interacts with RAR in a ligand-dependent fashion; and that, in the presence of retinoic acid, the CRABP-II-RAR complex is a short-lived intermediate. Tretinoin 115-128 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 13-21 11909957-4 2002 We show that CRABP-II, a predominantly cytosolic protein, massively undergoes nuclear localization upon binding of retinoic acid; that it interacts with RAR in a ligand-dependent fashion; and that, in the presence of retinoic acid, the CRABP-II-RAR complex is a short-lived intermediate. Tretinoin 217-230 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 13-21 11909957-5 2002 The data establish that potentiation of the transcriptional activity of RAR stems directly from the ability of CRABP-II to channel retinoic acid to the receptor. Tretinoin 131-144 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 111-119 11909957-6 2002 We demonstrate further that overexpression of CRABP-II in MCF-7 mammary carcinoma cells dramatically enhances their sensitivity to retinoic acid-induced growth inhibition. Tretinoin 131-144 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 46-54 11909957-7 2002 Conversely, diminished expression of CRABP-II renders these cells retinoic acid resistant. Tretinoin 66-79 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 37-45 11909957-8 2002 Taken together, the data unequivocally establish the function of CRABP-II in modulating the RAR-mediated biological activities of retinoic acid. Tretinoin 130-143 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 65-73 10446126-1 1999 The pleiotropic effects of retinoic acid (RA) in mammalian cells are mediated by two classes of proteins: the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins (CRABP-I and CRABP-II). Tretinoin 27-40 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 197-205 10446126-1 1999 The pleiotropic effects of retinoic acid (RA) in mammalian cells are mediated by two classes of proteins: the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins (CRABP-I and CRABP-II). Tretinoin 42-44 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 197-205 10446126-3 1999 The equilibrium dissociation constants of complexes of CRABP-I or CRABP-II with RA were found to differ by 2-fold. Tretinoin 56-58 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 66-74 10446126-6 1999 The rate constant for movement of RA from CRABP-II, but not from CRABP-I, to RAR strongly depended on the concentration of the acceptor. Tretinoin 34-36 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 42-50 10490651-1 1999 Two sorts of proteins bind to, and mediate the developmental and homeostatic effects of, retinoic acid (RA): the RAR and RXR nuclear receptors, which act as ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators, and the cellular RA binding proteins (CRABPI and CRABPII). Tretinoin 104-106 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 251-258 8615638-2 1996 Recently we reported that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) modulates the action of retinoic acid (RA): IFN-gamma increased expression of retinoic acid receptor-gamma (RAR-gamma) and suppressed the increase of retinoic acid binding protein type II (CRABP-II) expression. Tretinoin 79-92 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 244-252 9865735-1 1998 The up-regulation of cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II) has been invoked as an important mechanism of clinically acquired resistance to all-trans retinoic acid (RA) therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Tretinoin 30-43 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 64-72 9865735-1 1998 The up-regulation of cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II) has been invoked as an important mechanism of clinically acquired resistance to all-trans retinoic acid (RA) therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Tretinoin 65-67 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 21-62 9990415-7 1998 The two tretinoin formulations also resulted in similar significant increases in CRABP-II compared to the cream vehicle (P < 0.001). Tretinoin 8-17 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 81-89 9737849-13 1998 Thus, the widening of the ligand entrance required for entry of retinoic acid appears to be a property of monomeric apo-CRABPII. Tretinoin 64-77 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 120-127 9600845-10 1998 A three-step mechanism of RA entry has been proposed, addressing the opening of the RA entrance, the electrostatic potential that directs entry of RA into the binding pocket, and the intramolecular interactions that stabilize the RA.CRABPII complex via locking the three flexible structural elements when RA is bound. Tretinoin 26-28 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 233-240 9600845-10 1998 A three-step mechanism of RA entry has been proposed, addressing the opening of the RA entrance, the electrostatic potential that directs entry of RA into the binding pocket, and the intramolecular interactions that stabilize the RA.CRABPII complex via locking the three flexible structural elements when RA is bound. Tretinoin 84-86 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 233-240 9600845-10 1998 A three-step mechanism of RA entry has been proposed, addressing the opening of the RA entrance, the electrostatic potential that directs entry of RA into the binding pocket, and the intramolecular interactions that stabilize the RA.CRABPII complex via locking the three flexible structural elements when RA is bound. Tretinoin 84-86 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 233-240 9600845-10 1998 A three-step mechanism of RA entry has been proposed, addressing the opening of the RA entrance, the electrostatic potential that directs entry of RA into the binding pocket, and the intramolecular interactions that stabilize the RA.CRABPII complex via locking the three flexible structural elements when RA is bound. Tretinoin 84-86 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 233-240 9600845-10 1998 A three-step mechanism of RA entry has been proposed, addressing the opening of the RA entrance, the electrostatic potential that directs entry of RA into the binding pocket, and the intramolecular interactions that stabilize the RA.CRABPII complex via locking the three flexible structural elements when RA is bound. Tretinoin 84-86 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 233-240 8931868-2 1996 Cellular RA-binding protein (CRABP) II has been found to be a marker of RA activity in human skin. Tretinoin 9-11 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 29-38 8931868-10 1996 RA-induced skin erythema was not obvious until 24 to 48 h. We conclude, therefore, that induction of RIS-1 and CRABP II mRNA levels by topical RA in human skin are early, coordinated molecular events which precede the clinical cutaneous erythematous response to RA. Tretinoin 0-2 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 111-119 8648186-1 1996 Cellular retinoic acid binding protein II (CRABP II) mRNA is selectively induced by all-trans retinoic acid in human skin and dermal fibroblasts. Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 43-51 10202931-3 1999 Ultraviolet irradiation caused a near-total loss of retinoic acid induction of two RAR/RXR target genes, cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II and RA 4-hydroxylase, but did not affect 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induction of the vitamin D receptor/RXR-regulated gene vitamin D 24-hydroxylase. Tretinoin 52-65 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 105-146 9858140-1 1998 Recognition that cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP)-I and CRABP-II are found in different cell types has provided additional support for the presumably divergent roles of these two proteins in mediating retinoic acid (RA) effects in human skin. Tretinoin 215-228 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 70-78 9704013-6 1998 Adherence, which is important for MO differentiation, induced CRABP II expression, but the addition of 10(-7) M retinoic acid inhibited the upregulation of CRABP II expression during MO/MAC differentiation. Tretinoin 112-125 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 156-164 9684745-0 1998 Differentiation of human epidermal keratinocytes is accompanied by increased expression of CRABP-II and increased cellular concentration of retinoic acids: retention of newly synthesized retinoic acids by CRABP-II. Tretinoin 187-201 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 205-213 9684745-15 1998 Moreover, newly synthesized [3H]retinoic acids were retained within cells bound to CRABP-II. Tretinoin 32-46 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 83-91 9684745-16 1998 The results suggest that increasing cellular concentration of retinoic acids in in vitro differentiating keratinocytes is achieved by a combination of increased activity of the retinoic acid synthesis pathway and increased cellular content of CRABP-II. Tretinoin 62-76 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 243-251 9684745-16 1998 The results suggest that increasing cellular concentration of retinoic acids in in vitro differentiating keratinocytes is achieved by a combination of increased activity of the retinoic acid synthesis pathway and increased cellular content of CRABP-II. Tretinoin 62-75 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 243-251 9153406-4 1997 Analyses of the distribution of limiting amounts of [3H]-all-trans-retinoic acid between cytoplasmic retinoic acid binding proteins, CRABP-I and CRABP-II, and the purified heterocomplexes indicate that all-trans-retinoic acid binds with comparable affinity to CRABP-I and the heterocomplexes, but with approximately 10-fold less affinity to CRABP-II. Tretinoin 61-80 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 341-349 9135005-1 1997 The role of the cellular retinoic acid binding protein type II (CRABPII) in the retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathway is poorly understood. Tretinoin 25-38 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 64-71 9135005-1 1997 The role of the cellular retinoic acid binding protein type II (CRABPII) in the retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathway is poorly understood. Tretinoin 65-67 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 16-62 9135005-3 1997 Ectopic CRABPII expression supported dose-dependent growth inhibition by RA in SC115-resistant but not MDA-MB-231-resistant cells, indicating that CRABPII is sufficient to rescue RA antiproliferation in a permissive background. Tretinoin 9-11 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 147-154 9135005-3 1997 Ectopic CRABPII expression supported dose-dependent growth inhibition by RA in SC115-resistant but not MDA-MB-231-resistant cells, indicating that CRABPII is sufficient to rescue RA antiproliferation in a permissive background. Tretinoin 73-75 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 8-15 8999826-2 1997 It has been suggested that electrostatic interactions are critical for binding of retinoic acid by cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins (CRABP-I and CRABP-II). Tretinoin 82-95 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 152-160 8999826-3 1997 However, the roles of two conserved arginine residues (Arg-111 and Arg-131 in CRABP-I; Arg-111 and Arg-132 in CRABP-II) that interact with the carboxyl group of retinoic acid have not been evaluated. Tretinoin 161-174 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 110-118 8615638-2 1996 Recently we reported that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) modulates the action of retinoic acid (RA): IFN-gamma increased expression of retinoic acid receptor-gamma (RAR-gamma) and suppressed the increase of retinoic acid binding protein type II (CRABP-II) expression. Tretinoin 94-96 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 244-252 8615638-7 1996 In contrast with SKBR-3 and BT-20 cells a combination of ATRA with IFN-alpha markedly reduced ATRA mediated CRABP II induction. Tretinoin 57-61 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 108-116 8615638-7 1996 In contrast with SKBR-3 and BT-20 cells a combination of ATRA with IFN-alpha markedly reduced ATRA mediated CRABP II induction. Tretinoin 94-98 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 108-116 8615638-8 1996 These results suggest that two factors may be responsible for synergistic action of RA and IFN-alpha: the inhibition of the CRABP II expression and an IFN-alpha/RA mediated upregulation of RAR-gamma. Tretinoin 84-86 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 124-132 7492559-1 1995 Cellular retinoic acid binding protein-I (CRABP-I) and cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II) are highly homologous, 15 kDa proteins which bind all-trans-retinoic acid. Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 55-96 7492559-1 1995 Cellular retinoic acid binding protein-I (CRABP-I) and cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II (CRABP-II) are highly homologous, 15 kDa proteins which bind all-trans-retinoic acid. Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 98-106 7492559-10 1995 The pattern of intermolecular NOESY cross-peaks between 13C-labeled protons in the ring portion of retinoic acid and protein protons were different between CRABP-I and CRABP-II. Tretinoin 99-112 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 168-176 7786028-6 1995 Furthermore, 9-cis RA, a ligand that binds to both the RAR and the RXR families, selectively activates the CRABPII gene. Tretinoin 19-21 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 107-114 7628539-11 1995 In order to further define molecules important in regulating the response of senescent dermal fibroblasts to retinoids, we demonstrate here that retinoic acid induces CRABP-II messenger RNA in human dermal fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Tretinoin 145-158 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 167-175 7628539-16 1995 Taken together, these data suggest that retinoic acid plays a central role in the regulation of CRABP-II gene expression in the dermal fibroblast and that this molecule is the major mediator of the cytoplasmic effects of retinoids in dermal fibroblasts. Tretinoin 40-53 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 96-104 8179592-2 1994 In this study we have used reverse transcription (RT) and competitive polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) to investigate the effects of RA on CRABP-II expression levels in the human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63. Tretinoin 133-135 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 139-147 7626495-1 1995 The two cellular retinoic acid binding proteins, CRABP I and CRABP II, belong to a family of small cytosolic lipid binding proteins and are highly conserved during evolution. Tretinoin 17-30 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 61-69 7798613-2 1994 Biologic activity was shown by the induction of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein type 2 (CRABP 2) mRNA and protein; the rank order for CRABP-2 increase was retinoic acid > retinaldehyde > 9 cis retinoic acid > retinol > beta carotene. Tretinoin 57-70 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 95-102 7998926-2 1994 RAR-beta and CRABP II mRNA was induced by both all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acid in SH SY 5Y cells. Tretinoin 67-80 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 13-21 7998926-7 1994 The induction of RAR-beta and CRABP II by all-trans retinoic acid was maintained in the subsequent absence of all-trans retinoic acid, whereas induction by 9-cis retinoic acid was dependent on its continued presence in the culture medium. Tretinoin 52-65 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 30-38 7876220-1 1995 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein type II (CRABP-II) is one of two small molecular weight, cytosolic proteins which specifically bind retinoic acid (RA). Tretinoin 9-22 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 48-56 7876220-1 1995 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein type II (CRABP-II) is one of two small molecular weight, cytosolic proteins which specifically bind retinoic acid (RA). Tretinoin 49-51 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-46 7876220-7 1995 Taken together these data demonstrate that Arg132 is a critical amino acid residue for the binding of RA by CRABP-II. Tretinoin 102-104 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 108-116 7823950-4 1995 The absence of RAR alpha is associated with a reduction in the RA-induced expression of both the CRABP-II and Hoxb-1 (formerly 2.9) genes. Tretinoin 15-17 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 97-105 8071361-0 1994 Retinoic acid induction of human cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-II gene transcription is mediated by retinoic acid receptor-retinoid X receptor heterodimers bound to one far upstream retinoic acid-responsive element with 5-base pair spacing. Tretinoin 0-13 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 33-74 8071361-1 1994 We previously cloned the human cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-II (CRABPII) gene and demonstrated a rapid and transient increase in retinoic acid (RA)-dependent transcription in cultured human skin fibroblasts. Tretinoin 40-53 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 74-81 8071361-1 1994 We previously cloned the human cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-II (CRABPII) gene and demonstrated a rapid and transient increase in retinoic acid (RA)-dependent transcription in cultured human skin fibroblasts. Tretinoin 75-77 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 31-72 8071361-4 1994 By deletion analysis, a region essential for RA induction located approximately -5.6 kilobases upstream from the human CRABPII gene start site was identified. Tretinoin 45-47 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 119-126 8071361-5 1994 Sequencing and mutational analysis identified a direct repeat (GGGTCAttggaAGGACA) with 5-base pair spacing (DR-5) that is critical for RA-mediated induction of human CRABPII gene transcription. Tretinoin 135-137 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 166-173 8179592-3 1994 Two different isomers of RA, all-trans (at) and 9-cis RA, were chosen since at-RA but not 9-cis RA binds to CRABP-II. Tretinoin 25-27 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 108-116 8179592-6 1994 Thus, although 9-cis RA does not bind to CRABP-II, it induces CRABP-II expression more efficiently than at-RA in human osteosarcoma cells. Tretinoin 21-23 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 62-70 8387121-8 1993 CRABP (II), expressed in the developmental stage of the fetus, is suggested to modulate the action of retinoic acid as a "morphogen". Tretinoin 102-115 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-10 8105479-5 1993 In contrast, transcripts encoding Hoxb-1 (Hox-2.9) and cellular RA binding protein II (CRABPII) are activated by RA for a longer period of time in the RAR gamma-/- lines compared to the wild-type F9 line. Tretinoin 64-66 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 87-94 8400267-4 1993 CRABPII, an RA cytoplasmic binding protein linked to RA"s metabolization pathway, is induced by ATRA in different cell systems. Tretinoin 96-100 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 0-7 8400267-9 1993 High levels of CRABPII (median, 20 fmol/mg of protein) were detected in the cells of the 4 patients at relapse but were not detected before ATRA therapy. Tretinoin 140-144 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 15-22 8162338-1 1993 Mammalian cell cytoplasm contains at least two proteins which bind retinoic acid (RA): CRABP I and CRABP II. Tretinoin 67-80 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 99-107 8162338-1 1993 Mammalian cell cytoplasm contains at least two proteins which bind retinoic acid (RA): CRABP I and CRABP II. Tretinoin 82-84 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 99-107 8061932-2 1994 Because CRABP II protein is strongly induced by topical retinoic acid, the respective roles of the two proteins in the pharmacological activity and toxicity of topical retinoids deserve particular attention. Tretinoin 56-69 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 8-16 8061932-5 1994 We found that CRABP II protein and mRNA were strongly increased upon retinoic acid application: this induction was significantly inhibited by concomitant application of triamcinolone acetonide; a more potent steroid, difluocortolone valerate, was also found to diminish normal endogenous expression of CRABP II. Tretinoin 69-82 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 14-22 8061932-5 1994 We found that CRABP II protein and mRNA were strongly increased upon retinoic acid application: this induction was significantly inhibited by concomitant application of triamcinolone acetonide; a more potent steroid, difluocortolone valerate, was also found to diminish normal endogenous expression of CRABP II. Tretinoin 69-82 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 302-310 8396608-7 1993 In contrast to these data, both CD271 and all-trans retinoic acid caused marked and significant (p < 0.05) elevation of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-II (CRABP-II) messenger ribonucleic acid steady-state levels as judged by quantitative RNA blot analysis. Tretinoin 52-65 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 123-164 8396608-7 1993 In contrast to these data, both CD271 and all-trans retinoic acid caused marked and significant (p < 0.05) elevation of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-II (CRABP-II) messenger ribonucleic acid steady-state levels as judged by quantitative RNA blot analysis. Tretinoin 52-65 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 166-174 8384232-3 1993 We have previously demonstrated a rapid and pronounced increase in steady-state cellular RA-binding protein II (CRABP-II)mRNA levels after topical RA treatment. Tretinoin 89-91 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 112-120 8384232-5 1993 The induction of CRABP-II mRNA in response to 0.1% RA cream was maximal by 16 h (elevenfold relative to untreated skin), and persisted at near-maximal levels (eight-fold) for up to 4 d. RA was potent in eliciting this response, as approximately half-maximal stimulation was observed after 16 h of treatment with 0.001% RA. Tretinoin 51-53 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 17-25 8384232-5 1993 The induction of CRABP-II mRNA in response to 0.1% RA cream was maximal by 16 h (elevenfold relative to untreated skin), and persisted at near-maximal levels (eight-fold) for up to 4 d. RA was potent in eliciting this response, as approximately half-maximal stimulation was observed after 16 h of treatment with 0.001% RA. Tretinoin 51-53 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 17-25 8382035-4 1993 In binding studies the equilibrium dissociation constant, Kd, of retinoic acid (RA) for E. coli-derived CRABP-I and CRABP-II was 6.8 and 39 nM, respectively. Tretinoin 65-78 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 116-124 8382035-4 1993 In binding studies the equilibrium dissociation constant, Kd, of retinoic acid (RA) for E. coli-derived CRABP-I and CRABP-II was 6.8 and 39 nM, respectively. Tretinoin 80-82 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 116-124 8382035-6 1993 RA competed with the binding of CD 367 to CRABP-I and CRABP-II with IC50 values of 20.0 and 90.0 nM, respectively. Tretinoin 0-2 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 54-62 8382035-9 1993 These data demonstrate that E. coli-derived CRABP-I has a higher affinity for RA than CRABP-II and that retinoic acid metabolites have a lower affinity for these proteins. Tretinoin 45-47 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 86-94 8382035-10 1993 The observed difference in affinity for RA supports the idea that CRABP-I, which is constitutively expressed, and CRABP-II, which is induced by RA, have different functions in the cell. Tretinoin 40-42 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 114-122 1334086-7 1992 The CRABP-II mRNA was rapidly induced within 2-6 h in cultured human skin fibroblasts by retinoic acid, reaching a plateau after 6 h of treatment. Tretinoin 89-102 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 4-12 1282237-0 1992 Quantitation of human cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABP-II) RNA from cultured human skin fibroblast cells and human skin biopsies treated with retinoic acid. Tretinoin 31-44 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 65-73 1282237-1 1992 A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method has been validated for the quantitation of retinoic acid (RA) induction of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABP-II) RNA from cultured human skin fibroblasts and human skin biopsies. Tretinoin 84-97 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 116-157 1282237-1 1992 A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method has been validated for the quantitation of retinoic acid (RA) induction of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABP-II) RNA from cultured human skin fibroblasts and human skin biopsies. Tretinoin 84-97 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 159-167 1282237-1 1992 A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method has been validated for the quantitation of retinoic acid (RA) induction of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABP-II) RNA from cultured human skin fibroblasts and human skin biopsies. Tretinoin 99-101 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 116-157 1282237-1 1992 A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method has been validated for the quantitation of retinoic acid (RA) induction of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABP-II) RNA from cultured human skin fibroblasts and human skin biopsies. Tretinoin 99-101 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 159-167 1321791-1 1992 Two highly conserved forms of cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP-I and CRABP-II) have been described, and one, CRABP-II, is highly expressed in human skin. Tretinoin 39-52 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 82-90 1321791-1 1992 Two highly conserved forms of cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP-I and CRABP-II) have been described, and one, CRABP-II, is highly expressed in human skin. Tretinoin 39-52 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 122-130 1332671-17 1992 The sharp increases in CRABP-II levels are associated with an alteration in the differentiation programme, as well as with cell response to retinoic acid overload, whereas CRABP-I might be a marker for terminal differentiation. Tretinoin 140-153 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 23-31 1327537-0 1992 All-trans and 9-cis retinoic acid induction of CRABPII transcription is mediated by RAR-RXR heterodimers bound to DR1 and DR2 repeated motifs. Tretinoin 20-33 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 47-54 1327537-1 1992 Two cooperating retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) in the cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) gene mediate differential transcriptional transactivation by retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) in P19 embryonal carcinoma cells. Tretinoin 16-29 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 63-104 1327537-1 1992 Two cooperating retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) in the cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABPII) gene mediate differential transcriptional transactivation by retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) in P19 embryonal carcinoma cells. Tretinoin 16-29 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 106-113 1378478-1 1992 We have previously shown that cellular retinoic acid-binding protein II (CRABP-II), but not cellular retinoic acid-binding protein I (CRABP-I), mRNA expression is markedly induced in human skin by topical retinoic acid. Tretinoin 39-52 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 Homo sapiens 73-81