Title : PKR and GCN2 stress kinases promote an ER stress-independent eIF2α phosphorylation responsible for calreticulin exposure in melanoma cells.

Pub. Date : 2018

PMID : 30221067






1 Functional Relationships(s)
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1 To this aim, we used the pro-ICD agents mitoxantrone and doxorubicin and found that both agents could induce cell death and stimulate the release/exposure of the strictly required DAMPs in melanoma cells: i) calreticulin (CRT) exposure on the cell membrane; ii) ATP secretion; iii) type I IFNs gene up-regulation and iv) HMGB1 secretion, highlighting no interference by oncogenic BRAF. Doxorubicin calreticulin Homo sapiens