Title : Reduced hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis stress responses in late pregnancy: central opioid inhibition and noradrenergic mechanisms.

Pub. Date : 2008 Dec

PMID : 19120138






3 Functional Relationships(s)
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1 Forced swimming, systemic interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and cholecystokinin (CCK) all activate brain stem noradrenergic cell groups, stimulate noradrenaline release in the PVN, and activate the HPA axis in nonpregnant rats. Norepinephrine interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus
2 Forced swimming, systemic interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and cholecystokinin (CCK) all activate brain stem noradrenergic cell groups, stimulate noradrenaline release in the PVN, and activate the HPA axis in nonpregnant rats. Norepinephrine interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus
3 HPA axis responses to IL-1beta and CCK can be reinstated in pregnant rats by systemic administration of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, and when infused directly into the PVN, naloxone restores noradrenaline release in the PVN following IL-1beta treatment. Norepinephrine interleukin 1 beta Rattus norvegicus